saskolo cxovrebidan
saskolo cxovrebidan
saskolo cxovrebidan
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maswavleblis<br />
eTikis<br />
saxelmZRvanelo<br />
situaciebi<br />
<strong>saskolo</strong> <strong>cxovrebidan</strong>
avtorebi: maia inasariZe<br />
sofiko lobJaniZe<br />
Sorena mamukaZe<br />
ilustraciebi: mamuka tyeSelaSvili<br />
koreqtori: maia menabde<br />
sakonsultacio sabWo: lela samniaSvili<br />
naTia nacvliSvili<br />
nino elbaqiZe<br />
sofio gorgoZe<br />
ydis dizaini da dakabadoneba: giorgi bagrationi<br />
© `maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri~, 2009.<br />
Tbilisi, 0102, uznaZis q. 52.<br />
tel: (+995) 91 14 53, 95 13 02/04<br />
veb-gverdi: www.tpdc.ge el-fosta: info@tpdc.ge<br />
ISBN 978-9941-0-1998-2
Zvirfaso maswavleblebo!<br />
winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo warmoadgens saqarTvelos sxvadasxva<br />
regionis <strong>saskolo</strong> <strong>cxovrebidan</strong> aRebul situaciebs, sadac maswavlebelTa,<br />
moswavleTa da mSobelTa mier aRwerilia SemTxvevebi, romlebmac<br />
TiToeuli maTgani eTikuri dilemis winaSe daayena. SemTxvevebs Tan axlavs<br />
maswavleblis, ganaTlebis specialistisa da fsiqologis komentarebi,<br />
romlebic afaseben situacias, situaciaSi monawile pirebis qmedebas<br />
da saubroben imaze, Tu ra iqneboda sasurveli gamosavali ama Tu im<br />
SemTxvevaSi.<br />
saxelmZRvanelos Seqmnis idea maswavleblis eTikis kodeqss<br />
ukavSirdeba. zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis centrs moeTxoveba maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
eTikis kodeqsis Seqmna. aRniSnul dokumentze muSaoba saqarTvelos<br />
skolebSi arsebuli situaciis SeswavliT daviwyeT. Tavdapirvelad,<br />
skolebSi maswavlebelTa, mSobelTa da moswavleTa gamokiTxva da samuSao<br />
Sexvedrebi CavatareT, raTa gavcnobodiT, ra saxis eTikuri problemebi<br />
arsebobs maT urTierTobebSi. Cven vTxoveT maswavleblebs, mSoblebsa da<br />
moswavleebs, aReweraT iseTi SemTxvevebi <strong>saskolo</strong> <strong>cxovrebidan</strong>, romlebic<br />
erTgvar eTikur problemas warmoadgenda maTTvis. SevagroveT uamravi<br />
masala da amis Semdeg gavakeTeT problemuri sakiTxebis nusxa. pirvel<br />
rigSi, is sakiTxebi SevitaneT eTikis kodeqsSi, romlebic, gamokiTxvisa da<br />
samuSao Sexvedrebis safuZvelze, gansakuTrebiT aqtualurad miviCnieT.<br />
agreTve, muSaobis procesSi gavecaniT saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas.<br />
rodesac Seiqmna maswavleblis profesiuli eTikis kodeqsis pirveli<br />
samuSao versia, komentarebisaTvis davugzavneT saqarTvelos skolebs.<br />
maswavleblebis mier SemoTavazebuli SeniSvnebisa da SemoTavazebebis<br />
safuZvelze, SevitaneT cvlilebebi. amJamad, maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri, dokumentis sabolood daxvewis mizniT, agrZelebs<br />
eTikis kodeqsze muSaobas.<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom maswavleblis eTikis kodeqsi dRes sakmaod<br />
bevr qveyanaSi arsebobs da, profesiuli qcevis Sefasebisas, mniSvnelovan<br />
dokumentad iTvleba, igi mainc zogadi xasiaTisaa. swored amitom,<br />
gadavwyviteT, Segveqmna saxelmZRvanelo, sadac konretuli SemTxvevebi<br />
iqneboda ganxiluli da dagverTo eqspertebis komentari, raTa<br />
maswavleblebisaTvis ufro TvalsaCino yofiliyo kodeqsSi Sesuli<br />
3
sxvadasxva punqtis aqtualoba da ama Tu im SemTxvevaSi miRebuli<br />
gadawyvetilebis Sedegebi.<br />
saxelmZRvaneloSi Setanili situaciebi gadmocemulia maqsimaluri<br />
sizustiT, gasworebulia mxolod stiluri Secdomebi. Tumca,<br />
gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom imis mixedviT, Tu vin gviyveba situacias,<br />
adgili eqneba SemTxvevis miseul interpretacias. bunebrivia, situaciis<br />
aRwerisas, mTxrobeli subieqturia, amitom TiToeuli SemTxveva eqspertebis<br />
mier maqsimalurad obieqturad, romelime mxaris poziciis dacvis gareSea<br />
ganxiluli.<br />
garda imisa, rom maswavleblebs, profesiuli qcevis Sesaxeb<br />
gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas, es saxelmZRvanelo garkveul daxmarebas<br />
gauwevs, vfiqrobT, igi Zalzed mniSvnelovania im kuTxiT, rom<br />
saqarTvelos skolebSi arsebul realobas aRwers, im realobas, romelic<br />
skolis kedlebs gareT xSirad SeiZleba arc ki gamodis.<br />
aqve minda, madloba gadavuxado saxelmZRvaneloze momuSave avtorTa<br />
jgufs, yvelas, vinc monawileoba miiRo Cvens samuSao SexvedrebSi,<br />
gagviziara Tavisi Sexeduleba, SeniSvna da mosazreba; aseve im<br />
maswavleblebs, moswavleebsa da mSoblebs, vinc es situaciebi mogvawoda.<br />
maTi mxardaWerisa da gulwrfelobis gareSe, am saxelmZRvanelos Seqmna<br />
SeuZlebeli iqneboda.<br />
pativiscemiT,<br />
sofio gorgoZe<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris direqtori<br />
4
Sesavali<br />
eTika berZnuli sityvaa da `znes~, `Cveulebas~ niSnavs. rogorc termini,<br />
`eTika~ pirvelad aristotelem gamoiyena Tavis filosofiur (da<br />
pedagogiur) TxzulebaSi `nikomaqes eTika~, romelic man Tavisi vaJiSvilisTvis<br />
dawera. eTikur sakiTxebze msjeloba berZnul filosofiaSi<br />
aristotelemdec gvxvdeba. am problemebze msjelobda Tavis dialogeb-<br />
Si platoni, aristoteles maswavlebeli, xolo sokrate pirveli berZeni<br />
filosofosi iyo, romelic sagangebo yuradRebas aqcevda zneobis sakiTxebs.<br />
sokrates moswavleebma (platoni, qsenofonte) dagvitoves misi,<br />
rogorc idealuri maswavleblis xati.<br />
Tanamedrove pedagogiuri azrovneba uSualod aris dakavSirebuli<br />
sokrates saxelTan. dRes sokratuli meTodi farTod gamoyenebuli interaqtiuli<br />
meTodia. sokrate ar qadagebda, is ama Tu im Temaze dialogSi<br />
iwvevda Tavis moswavleebs da am gziT exmareboda maT, Tavad SeecnoT<br />
WeSmariteba. dialogebSi igi arasodes amJRavnebda Tavis upiratesobas<br />
da mowafeebs ganixilavda, rogorc inteleqtualur partniorebs. igi<br />
sakuTari moswavleebis zneobas mkacri kriteriumebis mixedviT ayalibebda,<br />
ara damoZRvris formiT, aramed piradi magaliTiTa da praqtikuli<br />
saqmianobiT, romelSic yovelTvis CarTuli hyavda moswavleebi.<br />
eTikur problemebze msjeloba mxolod Zvel berZen filosofoseb Tan<br />
rodi gvxvdeba. ufro adre eTikuri moZRvrebis xasiaTi hqonda Zvel<br />
Cinel brZenTa filosofiur naazrevsac (lao-Zi, konfuci). sabolood,<br />
eTika filosofias gamoeyo da mis erT-erT disciplinad Camoyalibda.<br />
eTika, rogorc samecniero disciplina, adamianTa qcevis normebs<br />
swavlobs, is ufro aRweriTi da gamoyenebiTi mecnierebaa, vidre Teoriuli.<br />
magram aqve unda iTqvas, rom amJamad filosofia aRar aris er-<br />
TaderTi mecniereba, romlis Semadgenel disciplinaTa CamonaTvalSi<br />
eTikac moiazreba. arsebobs eTika, rogorc Teologiuri disciplina;<br />
eTika, rogorc pedagogiuri disciplina da a.S.<br />
eTikis, rogorc pedagogiuri disciplinis, Camoyalibebis saTaved<br />
SeiZleba miviCnioT XVIII_XIX saukuneTa mijnis cnobili filosofosis,<br />
fsiqologisa da pedagogis iohan fridrix herbartis naazrevi (1776-<br />
1841). mas uwodeben ukanasknel filosofoss pedagogebs Soris da ukanasknel<br />
pedagogs filosofosTa Soris. herbartma eTika, rogorc mecniereba,<br />
Caayena pedagogikis samsaxurSi da aRzrdis umTavres miznad<br />
zneobrivi aRzrda miiCnia.<br />
5
eTikiT, rogorc pedagogiuri discipliniT, dainteresebulni iyvnen<br />
qarTveli moRvaweebic, gansakuTrebiT, ilia WavWavaZe da iakob gogebaSvili.<br />
rusifikatoruli wnexis qveS moqceuli qarTuli skolis Sesaxeb<br />
iakob gogebaSvili gulistkiviliT werda: `...CvenSi eTikuri cxovrebis<br />
araviTari sayrdeni aRar aris... saxalxo skola wesieri aRzrdis nacvlad<br />
ufro amaxinjebs bavSvebs~ (i. gogebaSvili, rCeuli Txzulebani, t.<br />
II, gv. 229). igi Zalisxmevas ar iSurebda imisaTvis, rom skola bavSvis<br />
gonebrivi da zneobrivi srulyofis adgilad qceuliyo. ecnoboda ra<br />
msoflio mowinave pedagogiur praqtikas, iakob gogebaSvili ganaTlebis<br />
mTavar daniSnulebad Tvlida, rom skolas `ostatobiTa da siadviliT~<br />
gaemdidrebina mowafeebis goneba, eswavlebina `zedmiwevniT bunebis Zal-<br />
Ta moxmareba~, aevso maTi gulebi `maRalis adamianuris grZnobebiT~,<br />
mieniWebina mtkice xasiaTi, aRezarda maTSi sakuTari Tavis rwmena, pasuxismgebloba<br />
sazogadoebis, xalxis, qveynis winaSe. amaSi iakob gogebaSvili<br />
udides rols maswavlebels akisrebda.<br />
iakob gogebaSvilis msgavsad, iliac swavlobda Tavisi drois msoflio<br />
pedagogikis mowinave gamocdilebas, raTa qarTul skolaSi sauke-<br />
Teso praqtika daenerga. iliasaTvis samagaliTo iyo vitorino de feltres<br />
idea, rom `... Tavisufali arseba Tavisuflad unda izrdebodeso<br />
utyep-ucemlad, vitorino uZRveboda Tavis Segirdebis wvrTnas magali-<br />
TiTa da CagonebiT da... samudamod da uku-daubruneblad ganaZeva Tavis<br />
skolidam xorcTa sasjeli~ (ilia WavWavaZe, rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT<br />
tomad, gv. 220). ilias surda, qarTul skolaSi aseTi midgoma daenerga.<br />
ilia WavWavaZisaTvis misaRebi iyo iseTi saganmanaTleblo (ilia iyenebs<br />
termins `sapedagogio~) sistema, romelic bavSvs miscemda saSualebas,<br />
srulad gamoevlina sakuTari SesaZleblobebi, igi am saqmeSi<br />
mniSvnelovnad miiCnevda oTx princips, `oTxs deda-azrsa~: pirveli is,<br />
rom pirovnebis aRzrdisas maqsimalurad unda gamovlindes misi Sesa-<br />
Zleblobebi _ `sagani aRzrdisa is aris, rom Tavis rigsa da weszed warmatebul<br />
iqnas yovelni Zalni da niWni adamianisa, rogorc gonebiTni, ise<br />
zneobiTni, rogorc sulierni, ise xorcielni~; meore is, rom swavlebaswavlis<br />
procesSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos bavSvis asakobrivi da<br />
pirovnuli Taviseburebani _ `swavlebaSi unda saxeSi miRebul iqmnas ara<br />
marto asaki da wlovaneba mowafisa, aramed misni gansakuTrebulni zneni<br />
da Tvisebani~; mesame is, rom yovelgvar darigebaze metad, moswavleze<br />
winaparTa saxelovani cxovrebis magaliTebi axdens gavlenas _ `radganac<br />
bavSvis cocxalsa, mkvircxlsa da advilad aRmbeWdav bunebazed cocxali<br />
magaliTi ufro Zlier moqmedobs, vidre mkvdari wesi da darigeba,<br />
amitomac yvelazed ukeTesi Rone is aris, rom mowafes win gadauSalos<br />
6
ostatma cxovreba did-bunebovanTa kacTa, romelnic ase bevrni moipovebian<br />
Zvels droSi~; meoTxe is, rom swavla-aRzrdaSi udidesi roli eni-<br />
Weba Tavisufal azrovnebasa da bunebisa da sazogadoebis kanonzomierebebis<br />
Seswavlas _ `swavla-codna da erTob ganaTleba unda dafuZnebuli<br />
iyos Tavisufal mecnierebaTa Seswavlazed. am mecnierebis saTaveSi<br />
sdgas filosofia, romelic adamians gonebiTad Tavisufals hxdis. mas<br />
mosdevs mecniereba, mWevrmetyveleba... mere modis bunebismetyveleba,<br />
romelic gvagebinebs harmonias yovel misas, rac arsebobs... da bolos<br />
istoria, romelic mogviTxrobs svlasa da ganviTarebas mecnierebisas<br />
da mravals sasargeblo magaliTs Tval-win gviyenebs~ (ilia WavWavaZe,<br />
rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, gv. 221).<br />
ilia WavWavaZe darwmunebuli iyo, rom qveynis Zlierebis garanti<br />
profesionali maswavlebeli da kargad mowyobili skolaa. igi werda:<br />
`1870 welsa, roca germaniam Tavs-zari dasca minamde TiTqmis uZlevels<br />
safrangeTsa.., sTqves, rom germaniis skolis maswavlebelma sZlia<br />
safrangeTsa da daamarcxao... rogorc etyoba, mizezi Zlevamosilobisa<br />
igiv skolis maswavlebelia, igiv swavla da ganaTleba~ (ilia WavWavaZe,<br />
rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, gv. 218).<br />
dRevandeli skolis umTavresi funqciaa, daexmaros moswavles qveynis<br />
interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT sakuTari pasuxismgeblobis<br />
gacnobierebaSi; Camoayalibos moswavle samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis<br />
matarebel pirovnebad, romelsac gaazrebuli aqvs Tavisi<br />
movaleobebi kacobriobisa da bunebrivi garemos mimarT (ix. zogadi ganaTlebis<br />
erovnuli miznebi). amis miRweva SesaZlebelia eTikuri TvalsazrisiT<br />
Camoyalibebuli, samagaliTo pirovnebis daxmarebiT. zogadi<br />
ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis miRwevaSi profesionali da kompetenturi<br />
maswavleblis funqcia Seucvlelia.<br />
ra qmnis maswavleblis profesiuli kompetenturobis safuZvels?<br />
pirveli im sagnis/sagnobrivi jgufis zedmiwevniT codnaa, romelsac<br />
maswavlebeli skolaSi aswavlis. agreTve, maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli<br />
mudmivad zrunavs Tavis profesiul ganviTarebaze.<br />
meore maswavleblis mier ganviTarebisa da swavlis Teoriebis codnaa.<br />
kacobriobis didi maswavleblebisa da skolebis mravalaTaswliani<br />
gamocdileba da tradiciebi uxvad dagrovda da isini mravalricxovani<br />
pedagogiuri da fsiqologiuri Teoriebis saxiT Camoyalibda.<br />
Tanamedrove msoflio pedagogikasa da fsiqologiaSi arsebuli ganvi-<br />
Tarebisa da swavlis Teoriebi asaxavs bavSvis asakobrivi ganviTarebis<br />
7
kanonzomierebebs, aanalizebs im faqtorebs, romlebic gavlenas axdens<br />
bavSvis ganviTarebaze da iZleva rekomendaciebs moswavlis swavlis<br />
xelSewyobisaTvis. ganviTarebisa da swavlis Teoriebis codna gauadvilebs<br />
maswavlebels klasis marTvasa da warmatebuli saswavlo procesis<br />
warmarTvas.<br />
mesame maswavleblis mxridan Sefasebis sistemis codnaa. maswavlebelma<br />
unda icodes, rogor gamoiyenos Sefasebis sxvadasxva forma Sedegsa<br />
da moswavleze orientirebuli midgomisas. man unda ganuviTaros<br />
moswavleebs obieqturi Sefasebisa da TviTSefasebis unari, sakuTari<br />
SesaZleblobebisa da Rirsebebis rwmena, sxvaTa SesaZleblobebis aRiareba<br />
da dafaseba. Sefasebis meTodebis codna da misi praqtikaSi efeqturad<br />
gamoyeneba dadebiT gavlenas axdens moswavleTa motivaciaze,<br />
rac warmatebuli saswavlo procesis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi komponentia.<br />
meoTxe maswavleblis mier profesiuli eTikis normebis dacvaa. ma-<br />
Ralkvalificiuri maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs eTikuri Rirebulebebis<br />
CamoyalibebaSi, imavdroulad, utovebs Tavisufali arCevanis<br />
uflebas, aZlevs moswavleebs urTierTpativiscemisa da adamianis uflebaTa<br />
dacvis cxovrebiseul gakveTilebs. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebeli<br />
amas akeTebdes Tavisi pirovnuli magaliTiT. pedagogis eTikur<br />
RirebulebaTa sistema, upirveles yovlisa, vlindeba urTierTobebSi.<br />
es aris urTierToba moswavleebTan, mSoblebTan da kolegebTan.<br />
maswavlebels yvelaze intensiuri urTierToba, cxadia, moswavlesTan<br />
uxdeba. ganaTlebis eqspertebi da fsiqologebi gamoyofen bavSvTan<br />
urTierTobis ramdenime strategias (stils), maT Soris: avtoritaruls,<br />
demokratiulsa da liberalurs.<br />
urTierTobis avtoritaruli stili bavSvisagan moiTxovs morCilebas.<br />
bavSvs aqvs SedarebiT pasiuri pozicia. maswavlebeli codnas gadascems<br />
moswavleebs, igi naklebad iziarebs moswavleTa azrebs saswavlo<br />
procesSi, moswavleebi ver eCvevian sakuTari qcevis marTvas. urTier-<br />
Tobis avtoritaruli modeli damaxasiaTebelia maswavlebelze orientirebuli<br />
saswavlo procesisaTvis.<br />
urTierTobis liberaluri stili _ maswavlebeli cdilobs moswavlesTan<br />
TanamSromlobas, magram saboloo gadawyvetilebas yovelTvis<br />
mainc moswavle iRebs. bavSvs uyalibdeba zedmeti damoukideblobisa da<br />
avtonomiurobis grZnoba.<br />
urTierTobis demokratiuli stili uzrunvelyofs bavSvis aqtiur<br />
pozicias. maswavlebeli cdilobs iTanamSromlos bavSvTan nebismieri<br />
amocanis gadaWrisas. maswavlebeli uxsnis bavSvs normatiuli disciplinirebuli<br />
qcevis mniSvnelobas, aswavlis sakuTari qcevis marTvas,<br />
8
qmnis ndobisa da urTierTgagebis pirobebs, uyalibebs mas `Cven~ damokidebulebas<br />
(erToblivi qmedebis survils). disciplina xdeba TviTregulirebadi,<br />
TviTmarTvadi.<br />
maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli icnobs moswavleebTan urTier-<br />
Tobis samive stils da, praqtikuli saqmianobisas, axdens maT sinTezs<br />
moswavlis saWiroebebis mixedviT. mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma moswavle<br />
miiRos, rogorc individualobis mqone adamiani. aseT SemTxvevaSi<br />
moswavles uCndeba imedi, rom mas gaugeben da mxars dauWeren. amgvari<br />
damokidebulebis Sedegad, mcirdeba winaaRmdegoba, bavSvi ufro advilad<br />
iRebs da iTavisebs maswavleblis moTxovnebsa da Sexedulebebs.<br />
Tu urTierTobebi igeba urTierTpativiscemis, Tanasworobisa da Tanamonawileobis<br />
safuZvelze, TiToeul mxares eZleva TviTrealizaciisa<br />
da pirovnuli zrdis SesaZlebloba. urTierTobis efeqturobis Sefasebisas,<br />
aqcenti unda gakeTdes ara marto imaze, Tu ramdenad Seicvala<br />
moswavlis arasasurveli qceva sasurveliT, aramed imazec, Tu ramdenad<br />
Seicvala Tavad pedagogi, ramdenad ganviTarda igi profesiuli da<br />
pirovnuli TvalsazrisiT.<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli movaleobebidan erT-erTi umTavresia<br />
moswavleebis mSoblebTan urTierToba. am urTierTobam xeli unda Seuwyos<br />
swavlebisa da swavlis efeqturobas. nebismier TanamSromlobas<br />
aucileblad aqvs Tavisi pirobebi, romelTa dacvis gareSe TanamSromloba<br />
ver Sedgeba. maswavleblisa da mSoblis TanamSromlobis aseTi arsebiTi<br />
da aucilebeli piroba eTikuri normebis dacva, urTierTndoba<br />
da keTilganwyobaa.<br />
konfliqti maswavlebelsa da mSobels Soris SeiZleba gamowveuli<br />
iyos rogorc obieqturi, ise subieqturi faqtorebiT, kerZod: kompetenciis<br />
deficitiTa da azrTa sxvadasxvaobiT, an movaleobebiT, romlebsac<br />
maswavlebeli da mSobeli erTmaneTs akisreben.<br />
mokled ganvixiloT TiToeuli:<br />
kompetenciis deficiti da azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoixateba, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, moswavlis inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb maswavleblisa<br />
da mSoblis warmodgenaTa gansxvavebaSi. moswavlis codnisa<br />
da unarebis obieqturi Sefaseba sagnis maswavleblis prerogativaa, am<br />
sferoSi mSobels SeiZleba arasakmarisi kompetencia hqondes. mSobelsa<br />
da pedagogs Soris azrTa sxvadasxvaobis erT-erTi mTavari mizezi<br />
kontaqtebis uqonloba da informaciis naklebobaa, amitom, sasurvelia,<br />
maswavlebelma mWidrod iTanamSromlos mSoblebTan, gaacnos maT<br />
saswavlo miznebi, gaarkvios mSobeli Sefasebis axali sistemis arsSi,<br />
mudmivad miawodos informacia moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb,<br />
9
misces mas rCevebi da rekomendaciebi. bavSvis qceva skolaSi da bavSvis<br />
qceva saxlSi – qcevis es ori modeli qmnis qcevis saerTo suraTs. maswavleblisa<br />
da mSoblis TanamSromlobiT, SesaZlebeli xdeba am modelis<br />
sruli suraTis Seqmna-konstruireba. es xels Seuwyobs maswavlebels,<br />
rom efeqturi iyos misi individualuri midgoma moswavlesTan.<br />
movaleobebi, romlebsac maswavlebeli da mSobeli erTmaneTs akisreben.<br />
skola da ojaxi aris sxvadasxva socialur-fsiqologiuri jgufi<br />
Tavisi mravalferovani specifikuri funqciebiTa da damokidebulebebiT.<br />
xSirad maswavlebeli da mSobeli, garemoebebisa da SesaZleblobis<br />
gaTvaliswinebis gareSe, akisreben erTmaneTs uamrav movaleobas, rac<br />
saboloo jamSi gaugebrobebs iwvevs. aseT SemTxvevaSi, yvelaze kargi<br />
gamosavali skolis saqmianobis Sesaxeb arsebuli iuridiul-normatiuli<br />
resursebis codnaa. kerZod, es aris kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb,<br />
skolis Sinaganawesi, romelSic mkafiod unda iyos gansazRvruli<br />
TiToeuli mxaris ufleba-movaleobani, sameurveo sabWos debuleba,<br />
moswavleTa qcevis kodeqsi, maswavleblis eTikis kodeqsi. sasurveli da<br />
saWiroa, skolis Sida normatiuli dokumentebis SemuSavebis procesi<br />
gamWvirvale iyos da yvelas, visac is exeba, hqondes mis SeqmnaSi Tanamonawileobis<br />
saSualeba.<br />
zogjer mSobelTan TanamSromloba swored mSoblis mizeziT ver<br />
xerxdeba, magram aseTi mizezi ar amcirebs maswavleblis rols. maswavlebelma<br />
unda daanaxos mSobels, rom mxolod masTan mudmivi kontaqtiT,<br />
erToblivi ZalisxmeviT SeiZleba sasurveli Sedegebis miRweva.<br />
Tu pedagogi bavSvze saubrobs pativiscemiT, xedavs mis ara marto<br />
uaryofiT, aramed dadebiT mxareebsac, maSin is mSoblis saxiT iRebs<br />
mokavSires swavlebasa da aRzrdaSi. umjobesi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli<br />
mSobelTan saubars daiwyebs jer bavSvis pozitiuri mxareebis daxasiaTebiT,<br />
Semdeg gadava problemurze da sTavazobs mSobels problemis gadaWris<br />
gzebis erToblivad Zebnas. am strategiis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />
mSobeli xedavs, rom maswavlebeli sTavazobs rCevebsa da TanamSromlobas<br />
problemebis gadaWris gzebis moZiebaSi. umjobesi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli<br />
ki ar Seafasebs (magaliTad, Tqveni Svili saSinlad iqceva),<br />
aramed aRwers bavSvis qcevas (magaliTad, nika saSinao davalebas ar amzadebs,<br />
gakveTilze xmaurobs) da daskvnis gamotanisa da Sefasebis saSualebas<br />
TviTon mSobels utovebs. aseTi midgoma ufro metad gauRvivebs<br />
mSobels pedagogisadmi ndobas da TanamSromlobisaken ganawyobs.<br />
profesiuli eTika, es aris konkretuli sociumis SigniT moqmedi<br />
qcevis normebi, romelTa gardauvali da upirobo dacva aris profesiuli<br />
saqmianobis aucilebeli piroba. pedagogebis erTmaneTTan kolegialuri<br />
damokidebuleba da profesiuli eTikis normebis dacva pozi-<br />
10
tiuri magaliTia maTi aRsazrdelebisa Tu mSoblebisaTvis. amasTan, es<br />
damokidebuleba gansazRvravs, zogadad, skolis socialur-fsiqologiur<br />
garemos. skolis pozitiuri socialur-fsiqologiuri garemo Zalze<br />
mniSvnelovania saswavlo dawesebulebis efeqturi funqcionirebisaTvis.<br />
aseT garemoSi izrdeba pedagogTa motivacia da umjobesdeba<br />
samuSao ganwyoba, ris Sedegadac maTi saqmianoba ufro nayofieri xdeba.<br />
igi xels uwyobs saerTo miznebisa da amocanebis gacnobierebasa da<br />
miRebas, aqtiur erTobliv SemoqmedebiT muSaobas.<br />
11
situacia #1<br />
maswavlebeli gviambobs: `myavda moswavle, daTo, romelsac klasSi<br />
lideris roli hqonda. es ar gamoixateboda misi akademiuri moswrebiT,<br />
magram Tavisi fizikuri siZlieris, samarTlianobisa da `mWevrmetyvelebis~<br />
gamo moswavleebs Soris liderobda. erTxel gakveTilze sxva<br />
moswavlem, gigam, uxeSad da Tavxedurad raRac miTxra. me ar SevimCnie<br />
es da gakveTili Cveulebrivad gavagrZele, rom sagakveTilo dro gigas<br />
udisciplinobaze msjelobaSi ar damexarja. dasvenebaze CemTan erTma<br />
moswavlem moirbina da miTxra, rom daTo gigas scems sapirfareSoSi<br />
imitom, rom is uzrdelad mogeqcaTo. SeSinebuli gavvardi bavSvebis<br />
gasaSveleblad. me rom mivedi, daTo iq aRar iyo, gigas saxeze etyoboda<br />
cemis kvali. warmoidgineT, ra dReSi Cavvardebodi. ise davibeni, rom<br />
ar vicodi, rogor movqceuliyavi. bavSvebma iCxubes da me pirdapir Tu<br />
iribad amis mizezi aRmovCndi. ase cudad Tavi mTeli Cemi praqtikis ganmavlobaSi<br />
ar migrZvnia...~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom maswavlebeli akvirdeba da afasebs moswavles<br />
ara marto gonebrivi SesaZleblobebiTa da akademiuri moswrebiT,<br />
aramed sxva RirsebebiT (samarTlianobiT); ese igi, mas SeuZlia moswavlis<br />
ara marto susti, aramed Zlieri mxareebis SemCnevac, rac pedagogisaTvis<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovani, saWiro unaria. daTos samarTlianobis<br />
dacvis gansakuTrebuli moTxovnileba aqvs. SesaZloa, misTvis arc ki<br />
hqonoda mniSvneloba imas, Tu vis eqceodnen usamarTlod. is gamoesarCleboda<br />
yvelas.<br />
pedagogma reagireba ar moaxdina moswavlis mier mis mimarT uxe-<br />
Si da Tavxeduri qcevis faqtze, raTa sagakveTilo dro gigas udisciplinobaze<br />
msjelobaSi ar daexarja. amiT man daicva maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standartis moTxovna, romlis Tanaxmadac: maswavlebelma<br />
`icis gakveTilis drois marTvis efeqtiani strategiebi;~ (maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standarti gv.7).<br />
maswavlebels dadebiTad axasiaTebs kidev erTi faqti: rodesac Sesvenebaze<br />
mas acnobes moswavleebs Soris wamoWrili konfliqtis Sesaxeb,<br />
pedagogs hqonda myisieri reaqcia. gasagebia maswavleblis wuxili imis<br />
12
gamo, rom man ver SeZlo bavSvis usafrTxoebis dacva, magram Znelia,<br />
mas usayveduro, radgan moswavleebs Soris konfliqti klasSi ar wamoWrila,<br />
xolo Sesvenebaze maswavlebeli ver gaakontrolebda maT qcevas.<br />
situaciaSi araferia naTqvami imis Sesaxeb, ra gaakeTa man am incindentis<br />
Semdeg moswavlisTvis, romelsac saxeze cemis kvali emCneoda,<br />
rogor izruna mis janmrTelobaze, misi mdgomareobidan gamoyvanaze,<br />
masSi SurisZiebis grZnobis ganeitralebaze, daukavSirda Tu ara nacemi<br />
moswavlis mSoblebs da a.S. ra disciplinuri RonisZieba gaatara Cxubis<br />
wamomwyebi `klasis lideris~ mimarT, ra eTikur Rirebulebebze esaubra<br />
mas, daukavSirda Tu ara mis mSoblebs.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
bavSvis miuRebeli qcevis reagirebis gareSe datoveba ar aris rekomendebuli,<br />
garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac bavSvi amgvar qcevas<br />
yuradRebis mipyrobis mizniT iyenebs. aseT SemTxvevebSi reagirebas<br />
ukureaqciac ki SeiZleba hqondes, radgan, SesaZloa, es iyos gamomwvevi<br />
qceva, romlis mizani yuradRebis miqceva da maswavlebelze zegavlenis<br />
moxdenaa. ase rom, mudmivma SeniSvnebma, SeiZleba, ganamtkicos kidec<br />
miuRebeli saqcieli. es ar niSnavs imas, rom maswavlebelma am SemTxveva-<br />
Si uyuradRebod datovos moswavlis qmedeba, magram man unda gaakeTos<br />
es frTxilad, taqtianad da ipovos aseT moswavlesTan misasvleli gza.<br />
mocemul SemTxvevaSi pedagogs, ra Tqma unda, maSinve unda mie-<br />
TiTebina disciplinis darRvevasa da araeTikur qcevaze. amis Semdeg<br />
ki moqceuliyo ise, rogorc moiqca, ar ganevrco es Tema gakveTilze.<br />
gakveTilis (an gakveTilebis) Semdeg aucileblad esaubra gigasTan imis<br />
dasadgenad, Tu ras SeeZlo gamoewvia misi amgvari saqcieli. es iqneboda<br />
maswavleblis mxridan adamianis Rirsebis dacvisa da, saerTod,<br />
urTierTpativiscemis magaliTi moswavleebisaTvis, upirveles yovlisa<br />
ki, gigasTvis.<br />
maswavlebels unda ganexila momxdari daTosTanac. aexsna bavSvisTvis,<br />
rom igi Zalian afasebs mis mxardaWeras, magram miuRebelia<br />
Zaladobis nebismieri gamovlena da maT Soris is saSualeba (fizikuri<br />
angariSsworeba), romelic gamoiyena moswavlem.<br />
13
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
es SemTxveva kargi magaliTia imisaTvis, rom maswavlebelma moswavleebTan<br />
erTad imsjelos konfliqtebis mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebis<br />
Sesaxeb. maswavlebelma unda auxsnas moswavleebs, rom Zaladoba arasodes<br />
ar aris gamosavali situaciidan. dialogi da urTierTpativiscema<br />
aris is saSualeba, romliTac nebismieri konfliqtis mogvareba<br />
SesaZlebelia. pedagogma agreTve yuradReba unda miaqcios imas, rogor<br />
warimarTeba urTierToba daTosa da gigas Soris. Tu saWiroeba Seiqmneba,<br />
SesaZloa, man moswavleebs Soris urTierTobis mowesrigebaSi aqtiuri<br />
rolic Seasrulos.<br />
14
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
15
situacia #2<br />
pedagogi mogviTxrobs: „IX klasis damrigebeli var. yoveli gakveTilis<br />
dawyebis win Sevdivar Cems sadamrigeblo klasSi, raTa Tvali gadavavlo<br />
moswavleebs da davrwmunde, rom yvelaferi wesrigSia. erT dRes SevamCnie,<br />
rom pirveli gakveTilis Semdeg erT-erTi moswavle (vaJi) klasSi<br />
aRar iyo. movikiTxe, skolis teritoriaze veZebe, magram arsad Canda.<br />
maSin gadavwyvite, saxlSi momekiTxa, iqneb SeuZlod gaxda da Sin wavida-meTqi.<br />
davureke, magram arc Sin damxvda. mSobeli, imis nacvlad, rom<br />
erTad gveZebna bavSvi, Setevaze gadmovida: me Svili gamogigzavneT skolaSi,<br />
Tqven ver moaxerxeT misi klasSi gaCereba, neta sxvas ras mikeTebT,<br />
saerTod aRar gamovuSveb skolaSi da Tu rame xifaTs gadaeyara, ver<br />
gadamirCebiTo~.. gadavwyvite, situacia ar gamemZafrebina, amitom mSobels<br />
araferi vuTxari, Tumca gulnatkeni da Seuracxyofili davrCi.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavlebeli keTilsindisierad asrulebs masze dakisrebul movaleobebs.<br />
igi zrunavs bavSvebis usafrTxoebaze. situaciis mixedviT, pedagogi,<br />
klasis damrigebeli, zustad da erTgulad icavs maswavleblis<br />
profesiul valdebulebas. rac mTavaria, is amas akeTebs ara marto movaleobis<br />
moxdis mizniT, aramed imitom, rom bolomde aqvs gacnobierebuli<br />
sakuTari pasuxismgebloba. maswavleblis samagaliTo qmedebis fonze mis-<br />
Tvis gansakuTrebiT guldasawyvetia mSoblis araadekvaturi reaqcia da<br />
pretenziebi. imis nacvlad, rom, sakuTari Svilis interesebidan gamomdinare,<br />
iTanamSromlos pedagogTan, igi brazobs maswavlebelze da emuqreba<br />
kidec mas. unda aRiniSnos isic, rom, miuxedavad im Seuracxyofisa da<br />
gulistkivilisa, romelic maswavlebels mSobelma sruliad gaumarTleblad<br />
miayena, mocemulobis mixedviT, pedagogi inarCunebs simSvidesa da<br />
Tavazianobas, igi ar pasuxobs mSobels araeTikurad.<br />
16
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavlebelsa da moswavlis mSobels Soris jansaRi da nayofieri<br />
TanamSromlobis mniSvneloba yvelasaTvis gasagebia, magram, TanamSromloba<br />
rom Sedges, aucilebelia orive mxaris neba. maswavlebelma, am<br />
SemTxvevaSi, yvelaferi sworad gaakeTa mSobelTan TanamSromlobisTvis,<br />
magram, samwuxarod, mSobelma ar gamoxata TanamSromlobis survili da<br />
amis mizezi, upirveles yovlisa, aris misi araswori warmodgena maswavleblis<br />
da sakuTar movaleobebze. sasurveli iqneba, Tu pedagogi ar<br />
Sewyvets mSobelTan urTierTobis mcdelobas da Seecdeba, delikaturad<br />
gaesaubros mSobels, daanaxos, ramdenad mniSvnelovania bavSvisa-<br />
Tvis maTi erToblivi da SeTanxmebuli moqmedeba.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
miuxedavad im umadurobisa da uxeSobisa, romelic keTilsindisier<br />
maswavlebels Tavis pedagogiur praqtikaSi SeiZleba Sexvdes, man unda<br />
gamoiCinos moTmineba da ganagrZos movaleobis Sesruleba. dRes Tu ara<br />
xval is Tavisi saqmianobiT daarwmunebs mSobels TanamSromlobis aucileblobaSi.<br />
maswavlebelma unda gamoiyenos mSoblebis saswavlo procesSi<br />
CarTvis sxvadasxva strategia. gaacnos mSoblebs moswavleTa, maswavlebelTa<br />
da mSobelTa uflebebi da movaleobani. ra Tqma unda, yvelaferi<br />
amis gakeTeba maswavleblisagan damatebiT drosa da energias moiTxovs,<br />
magram, samagierod, igi SeiZens mokavSire mSoblebs, romlebTan Tanam-<br />
Sromlobac moswavleTa motivaciasa da pasuxismgeblobas sagrZnoblad<br />
aamaRlebs da pedagogs saswavlo da disciplinaruli miznebis miRwevaSi<br />
daexmareba.<br />
17
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
18
situacia #3<br />
mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `Cemi Svili VII klasSia. iseTi samsaxuri maqvs, skolaSi<br />
ver mivdivar, amitom misi niSnebis Sesaxeb araferi vici. erTxel<br />
skolaSi saRamos mivedi. magram aravin damxvda xelovnebis maswavleblis<br />
garda, romelsac skolaSi xatvis wre aqvs. swored is damexmara, rom Cemi<br />
Svilis niSnebi JurnalSi menaxa. vnaxe, magram bevri veraferi gavige. ra-<br />
Rac komponentebis mixedviT afaseben. Cems Svils mxolod ramdenime saganSi<br />
ewera qula. kidec gavifiqre, ase iSviaTad ratom iZaxeben-meTqi.<br />
rogorc iqna, mSobelTa krebaze misvla movaxerxe. damrigebelma Sefasebebi<br />
gagvacno. saxtad davrCi. Cems Svils TiTqmis yvela saganSi dabali<br />
Sefaseba hqonda. damrigebels sayveduri vuTxari: ki magram sad iyaviT,<br />
aqamde ratom ar SematyobineT, aseTi mdgomareoba Tu hqonda-meTqi. damrigebelma<br />
yvelas winaSe uxeSad mipasuxa: ufro xSirad unda iaroT skolaSio.<br />
ra vqna, samsaxurs Tavi davanebo?..~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
dRes iseTi viTareba Seiqmna, rom Svilis aRzrdasTan erTad mSoblebis<br />
umetesoba didi datvirTviT muSaobs da xSirad, survilis miuxedavad,<br />
Svils saTanado yuradRebas ver uTmobs. gansaxilveli SemTxvevis<br />
mTxrobeli qalbatonic swored aseTi dedebis ricxvs miekuTvneba.<br />
mis monaTxrobSi igZnoba gulistkivili imis gamo, rom Svils saTanado<br />
yuradRebasa da dros ver uTmobs. moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb<br />
maswavlebelma mSobels sistematurad unda miawodos informacia.<br />
Tu moswavlis akademiuri moswreba gauaresdeba, maswavlebelma aucileblad<br />
unda iTanamSromlos moswavlis mSobelTan, Caataros masTan<br />
individualuri Sexvedrebi, daadginos bavSvis akademiuri moswrebis<br />
gauaresebis mizezebi da mSobelTan erTad eZebos problemis mogvarebis<br />
SesaZlo gzebi.<br />
garda amisa, maswavlebels, kerZod ki damrigebels, unda hqondes<br />
yvela mSoblis sakontaqto informacia, raTa, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />
dauyovnebliv SeZlos masTan dakavSireba. mocemuli situaciis mixedviT,<br />
pedagogma ara Tu droulad acnoba mSobels bavSvis akademiuri<br />
moswrebis Sesaxeb, aramed damsaxurebuli sayveduris mosmenac ar isurva.<br />
maswavlebels unda moexerxebina mSoblisaTvis informaciis miwodeba<br />
19
Svilis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb, imis miuxedavad, ra sixSiriT ivlida<br />
mSobeli skolaSi.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
akademiuri moswrebisa da/an qcevis gauaresebis SemTxvevaSi, sagnis<br />
pedagogma amis Sesaxeb dauyovnebliv unda acnobos mSobels an klasis<br />
xelmZRvanels, Tu igi TviTon ver SeZlebs mSobelTan dakavSirebas.<br />
ufro metic, ar aris sakmarisi mSoblisaTvis ganmsazRvreli Sefasebebis<br />
(niSnebis) Sesaxeb informaciis miwodeba. ufro mniSvnelovania ganmavi-<br />
Tarebeli Sefaseba, romelic mSobels daanaxvebs Svilis Zlier da sust<br />
mxareebs da miawvdis xarvezebis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb rekomendaciebs.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
bavSvis problemebis Taobaze maswavlebelTan misul mSobels pedagogi<br />
aucileblad Tavazianad da gagebiT unda esaubros. mSobelTan TanamSromlobiT<br />
gacilebiT ufro iolia moswavlis problemebis mizezebis<br />
dadgena da SemdgomSi am problemebis mogvareba.<br />
skolam unda SeimuSavos moswavleTa akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb<br />
mSobelTaTvis informaciis miwodebis sistema (magaliTad, zogierT<br />
skolaSi arsebobs eleqtronuli Jurnalebis, zogSi _ mokle teqsturi<br />
SetyobinebebiT mimoweris praqtika, Tumca tradiciuli werilobiTi mimowera<br />
komunikaciis yvelaze xelsayreli formaa).<br />
radgan mSobels gauWirda Sefasebis axal sistemaSi garkveva, sasurvelia,<br />
skolam mSoblebisaTvis Caataros Sexvedrebi Sefasebis mravalkomponentiani<br />
modelis asaxsnelad. SesaZlebelia ganmartebiTi xasiaTis<br />
bukletebis dabeWdva da gavrcelebac.<br />
20
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
21
situacia #4<br />
mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `Cveni ojaxi mZime ekonomiuri pirobebis gamo ori<br />
wlis win raionidan TbilisSi gadmovida sacxovreblad. Sesabamisad, Cemi<br />
Svilic dedaqalaqis erT-erT skolaSi miviyvane. sanam raionSi vcxovrobdiT,<br />
Cemi gogona Zalian kargad swavlobda. klasSi yvelaze maRali niSnebi<br />
hyavda. mas Semdeg, rac TbilisSi gadmovediT, bavSvma swavlas jer uklo<br />
da mere saerTod aiRo xeli. skolaSi wasvla ezareboda, gakveTilebs<br />
aRar amzadebda. mizezi vkiTxe. Cemma Svilma miTxra, rom Tavs daCagrulad<br />
grZnobs, klaselebTan, faqtobrivad, kontaqti ara aqvs, maswavlebeli<br />
gakveTils iSviaTad ekiTxeba da niSansac ar uwers. bavSvi Tavis TavSi<br />
Caiketa da aRar mekontaqteboda. daxmarebisaTvis klasis damrigebels<br />
mivmarTe, raTa bavSvi sul ar wasuliyo xelidan. damrigebelma veraferi<br />
mirCia. gadavwyvite, Svili sxva skolaSi gadameyvana. madloba RmerTs, ase<br />
moviqeci. winaswar davelaparake skolis direqtors, avuxseni Cemi Svilis<br />
problemebi da sxva skolaSi gadayvanis mizezi. axla bavSvi iq Tavs ukeTesad<br />
grZnobs, megobrebi gaiCina da swavlasac moumata.~<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
mSoblis monaTxrobidan Cans, rom ojaxi cxovrobda raionSi, sadac<br />
gogona saukeTeso moswavle iyo. savaraudod, igi miCveulia klasSi pirvelobas.<br />
axal skolaSi, sadac, rogorc Cans, ufro Zlieri bavSvebi arian,<br />
vidre mis Zvel klasSi. SesaZlebelia, man ver moipova iseTive aRiareba,<br />
rogorsac SeCveuli iyo. mas, bunebrivia, gauWirdeboda Segueba<br />
imasTan, rom is aRaraa saukeTeso. bavSvisaTvis swavlis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi<br />
xelSemwyobi faqtori garSemomyofebis aRiarebaa. rogorc<br />
Cans, moswavle gogonas problemebs swored amis deficiti gansazRvravs.<br />
amas emateba isic, rom dedaqalaqis skolaSi gadmosvlis Semdeg, rogorc<br />
gulistkiviliT aRniSnavs mSobeli, mas maswavlebeli gakveTils iSviaTad<br />
ekiTxeba da niSansac ar uwers. axal klasSi gogonas arc megobrebi hyavs.<br />
yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan Cans, rom bavSvma ver daamyara misTvis sasurveli<br />
urTierTobebi verc TanaklaselebTan da verc pedagogebTan.<br />
skolis Secvla Zalian bevri bavSvisTvis did problemas warmoadgens.<br />
maT xSirad uWirT axal garemosTan, axal adamianebTan Segueba. SesaZloa,<br />
amas Tavi damoukideblad ver gaarTvan da daxmareba dasWirdeT. swored<br />
aseTi SemTxvevaa aRwerili zemoT mocemul magaliTSi. amitom sasurve-<br />
22
lia, pirvel periodSi axal moswavles daeTmos ufro meti yuradReba,<br />
maswavlebeli Seecados, xeli Seuwyos mas TanaklaselebTan pozitiuri<br />
urTierTobebis damyarebaSi. pedagogma amisaTvis SeiZleba gamoiyenos<br />
rogorc <strong>saskolo</strong> dro, aseve skolis gareT dagegmili RonisZiebebi.<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli valia aqtiuri TanamSromloba TiToeuli<br />
moswavlis mSobelTan. mocemuli situaciis Tanaxmad, TanamSromlobis<br />
iniciativa modioda moswavlis mSoblis mxridan, romelic kargad acnobierebda<br />
klasis damrigeblis rols. magram TanamSromloba ver Sedga,<br />
radgan moswavlis mSobels klasis damrigebelma veraferi urCia. man ver<br />
SeZlo iseTi garemos Seqmna, romelic axalgadmosul moswavlesa da mis<br />
danarCen Tanaklaselebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebis Camoyalibebas<br />
Seuwyobda xels.<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, pedagogma `icis,<br />
rogor Camoayalibos moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi...~<br />
(maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7), rasac, samwuxarod, ver axerxebs<br />
situaciaSi aRwerili maswavlebeli.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maswavlebels marTebda, ufro meti yuradReba gamoeCina axali<br />
moswavlis mimarT. sasurvelia, skolas axali moswavlis ucxo garemosTan<br />
integraciisaTvis hqondes erTgvari rituali, moswavlis daxvedris<br />
ceremoniali. rodesac klasSi axali moswavle gadmodis, rekomendebulia,<br />
rom maswavlebelma moawyos `bavSvis miReba~, warudginos,<br />
gaacnos igi klass, auxsnas sxvebs, rom is xdeba maTi Tanaklaseli da<br />
axali megobari; pedagogs SeuZlia, dagegmos aqtivobebi, romlebic xels<br />
Seuwyobs axalmosuli moswavlis klasSi integracias. msgavs situacieb-<br />
Si pedagogebma (da/an skolis fsiqologma, Tu amis saWiroeba Seiqmneba)<br />
unda imuSaon klasis moswavleebTan tolerantobis grZnobis gasaRviveblad,<br />
aswavlon bavSvebs Tanatolebis miReba da pativiscema.<br />
23
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
24
situacia #5<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „Cems klasel papunas laparaki uWirs, is Zalian nela<br />
saubrobs da Tan ena ebmis. Cemi azriT, maswavlebeli mas ar eqcevakargad<br />
. imis nacvlad, rom yuradReba gamoiCinos mis mimarT, papunas saubars<br />
awyvetinebs da ar aclis azris bolomde gamoTqmas. arada, papuna Zalian<br />
kargad mecadineobs da bevri ram icis. sxva moswavleebi, romlebic masze<br />
karg niSnebs iReben, davalebas misgan iweren xolme. maswavlebeli papunas<br />
axla ukve Zalian iSviaTad iZaxebs da maSinac mouTmenlad elodeba,<br />
rodis gascems igi pasuxs. erTi pasuxis gacema rom ar aqvs damTavrebuli,<br />
meore SekiTxvas usvams. me vici, rom papuna Zalian ganicdis amas da<br />
mecodeba. maswavlebeli usamarTlod eqceva. ra misi bralia, rom laparaki<br />
uWirs.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavleblis amgvari qmedeba, marTalia, pedagogiurad ar aris<br />
gamarTlebuli, magram gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes agreTve maswavleblis<br />
mdgomareobac. maswavlebels klasSi bevri moswavle hyavs, misi<br />
sagakveTilo dro ki winaswar gansazRvrulia. maswavleblisaTvis rTulia,<br />
garkveul droze meti dauTmos romelime moswavles. mas samuSao<br />
aqvs danarCen moswavleebTanac. uyuradRebod ar unda darCes mTeli<br />
klasi erTi moswavlis gamo, magram am moswavles metyvelebis problema<br />
aqvs da mas orjer meti dro sWirdeba codnis gadmosacemad, vidre mis<br />
Tanaklaselebs. pedagogi dgas eTikuri da profesiuli dilemis winaSe,<br />
romlis gadawyveta arc Tu ise advilia.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
papunas aqvs problema – metyvelebis neli tempi da enaborZikoba.<br />
saqarTvelos skolebSi inergeba inkluziuri ganaTleba. misi erT-erTi<br />
ZiriTadi principia, rom TiToeul bavSvs unda hqondes ganaTlebis miRebis<br />
SesaZlebloba misi unarebisa da moTxovnilebebis gaTvaliswinebiT.<br />
25
maswavlebeli unda exmarebodes bavSvs problemebis daZlevaSi. am<br />
SemTxvevaSi pedagogi araTu exmareba moswavles siZneleebis gadalaxva-<br />
Si, aramed aris imis safrTxe, rom misi araadekvaturi damokidebuleba<br />
bavSvis fsiqologiuri problemebis mizezi gaxdeba. papuna, SesaZloa,<br />
daiTrgunos, amgvarma damokidebulebam uaryofiTad imoqmedos mis<br />
TviTSefasebasa da swavlis motivaciaze.<br />
sasurvelia, rom maswavlebelma papuna gamoiZaxos imave sixSiriT,<br />
rogoriTac misi Tanaklaselebi, raTa bavSvma Tavi sxvebisagan gansxvavebulad,<br />
sxvebze cudad ar igrZnos. Tu maswavlebeli metyvelebis<br />
problemebis gamo ufro iSviaTad gamoiZaxebs bavSvs, SesaZloa, papunas<br />
dauqveiTdes davalebebis momzadebis, gakveTilze aqtivobis motivacia.<br />
yovelive es ki Zalian cud zegavlenas moaxdens rogorc mis fizikur<br />
unarebze, aseve akademiur moswrebaze.<br />
skolis administraciam unda uzrunvelyos im maswavleblebis Sexvedra,<br />
romlebic papunas aswavlian, raTa maT erTad imsjelon arsebuli<br />
problemis gadaWris SesaZlo gzebze. es iseTi SemTxvevaa, rodesac<br />
muSaobaSi CarTuli unda iyos skolis fsiqologi an logopedi. aseve<br />
mSoblebis informireba da saswavlo procesSi CarTuloba erT-erTi aucilebeli<br />
pirobaa problemis warmatebiT mosagvareblad.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT: „maswavlebeli icnobs<br />
inkluziuri ganaTlebis... principebs da iyenebs mas sakuTari praqtikis<br />
dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaSi.“ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti<br />
gv. 7) papunas SemTxveva swored inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebis codnas<br />
moiTxovs maswavleblisagan. samwuxarod, maswavlebeli ver axerxebs<br />
imas, rom individualurad miudges moswavles. amiT igi ugulebelyofs<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmis erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan moTxovnas _<br />
orientacias TiToeul moswavleze: „saganmanaTleblo procesis centrSi<br />
dgas TiToeuli moswavle...“ da `gaTvaliswinebulia moswavlis fizikuri<br />
da fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi~...(erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2009, gv.6)<br />
pedagogis qmedeba ewinaaRmdegeba iseT mniSvnelovan, saerTaSoriso<br />
samarTlebriv dokumentsac, rogoricaa „bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia“,<br />
romlis mixedviT „sakuTari Tavis rwmenis“ gaZliereba aRzrdisa da ganaTlebis<br />
pirveli rigis amocanad aris dasaxuli (ix. bavSvis uflebebis<br />
konvencia, muxli 22. 1.).<br />
26
pedagogi Tavisi qceviT urTierTpativiscemisa da adamianis uflebaTa<br />
dacvis magaliTs unda aZlevdes moswavleebs, raTa gansxvavebulis<br />
mimarT mimRebloba da Semwynarebloba Camouyalibos maT. imisaTvis, rom<br />
maswavleblis qmedeba ar ewinaaRmdegebodes arc papunas da arc danar-<br />
Ceni moswavleebis interesebs, maswavlebels SeuZlia SesTavazos bavSvs,<br />
rom misi survilis SemTxvevaSi, papunam pasuxi werilobiT gasces, raTa<br />
ar moxdes misi metyvelebis problemis xazgasma.<br />
27
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
28
situacia #6<br />
moswavle mogviTxrobs: „CemTvis miuRebelia, rodesac maswavleblebi<br />
Tavs gvaxveven TavianT politikur Sexedulebebs. me piradad Zalian<br />
apolitikuri var, magram erTi Cemi Tanaklaseli mudam Tvals adevnebs<br />
politikur movlenebs. erTxel biologiis maswavlebelma gakveTilze<br />
daiwyo mTavrobis lanZRva, Cemi Tanaklaseli ki SeekamaTa da daicva<br />
xelisufleba. amaze maswavlebeli Zalian gabrazda da Cxubi dauwyo:<br />
`Sen da Sens ojaxs xels gaZlevT es mTavroba, Torem rogor SeiZleba<br />
am xelisuflebis mxardaWera da a.S.~ mas Semdeg maswavlebeli gadaekida<br />
Cems Tanaklasels. xSirad daumsaxurebel SeniSvnebs aZlevda, ufro<br />
mkacrad ekiTxeboda gakveTils da imaze nakleb niSans uwerda, vidre<br />
ekuTvnoda.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
bevri adamiani sistematurad adevnebs Tvals politikur movlenebs<br />
da mkveTrad gamoxatuli emociuri damokidebuleba aqvs xelisuflebis<br />
an romelime opoziciuri politikuri dajgufebis mimarT. magram,<br />
rogoric unda iyos konkretuli adamianis azri da Sexeduleba raime<br />
movlenaze, mas unda SeeZlos gansxvavebuli azris mosmena da miRebac. es<br />
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania maSin, rodesac saqme exeba maswavlebels.<br />
mas xom, sagnis swavlebis garda, evaleba, moswavleebs sakuTari azris<br />
gamoxatva da sakuTari Sexedulebebis argumentirebuli dacva aswavlos.<br />
aRweril situaciaSi ki, maswavlebeli araTu xels uwyobs, aramed kategoriulad<br />
ewinaaRmdegeba moswavlis mier sakuTari, pedagogisagan gansxvavebuli<br />
azris gamoxatvis mcdelobas. swored es iqca maswavlebelsa<br />
da moswavles Soris konfliqtis mizezad.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
<strong>saskolo</strong> asakis bavSvis politikuri mrwamsi umeteswilad emTxveva<br />
mis ojaxSi arsebul politikur Sexedulebebs. rodesac mis Sexedule-<br />
29
ebs aseTi mkveTrad gansxvavebuli azri upirispirdeba maswavleblis<br />
mxridan, bavSvi unda gaumklavdes SexedulebaTa konfliqts: vin aris<br />
swori? garda amisa, politikaze debatebi gakveTilis msvlelobisas ar<br />
aris gamarTlebuli, radgan moswavlem gakveTilze mTeli yuradRebis<br />
koncentracia codnis aTvisebaze unda moaxdinos da ara msgavs diskusiaze.<br />
amasTanave, rodesac maswavlebeli Seuracxyofs moswavlesa da<br />
mis ojaxs, es mozardisaTvis gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulia.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maswavlebelma ver SeZlo SeenarCunebina simSvide konfliqtur situaciaSi,<br />
miT umetes, inteleqtualuri konfliqtis dros.<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, maswavlebels<br />
moeTxoveba, rom man icodes da iyenebdes gakveTilis drois marTvis<br />
efeqtian strategiebs. („maswavlebelma icis gakveTilis drois marTvis<br />
efeqtiani strategiebi“ maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.7). situaciis<br />
aRweridan aSkaraa, rom qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri viTarebis<br />
ganxilvas maswavlebeli gakveTilisaTvis gankuTvnil dros uTmobs<br />
da ar iyenebs mas maqsimalurad efeqturad saswavlo miznebisa da amocanebis<br />
misaRwevad.<br />
rogorc moswavle ambobs, am incindentis Semdeg pedagogi „gadaekida“<br />
mis Tanaklasels. Tu maswavlebeli realurad daumsaxureblad<br />
dabal niSans uwers moswavles, igi ugulebelyofs erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmis moTxovnas, rom moswavle arasaTanado saqcielisaTvis sagnis niSniT<br />
ar unda daisajos (erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2007, gv.11). igi iRebs<br />
usamarTlo gadawyvetilebas da niSniT sjis bavSvs araTu „arasaTanado<br />
saqcielisaTvis“, mxolod da mxolod gansxvavebuli azrisaTvis.<br />
maswavlebelma maqsimalurad unda Seikavos Tavi gakveTilze moswavleebTan<br />
Tavisi politikuri Sexedulebebis gamoTqmisagan. Tu moswavleebi<br />
Seecdebian mis amgvar diskusiaSi CarTvas, SesTavazos maT diskusiis<br />
gadatana arasagakveTilo dros, daicvas eTikuri normebi sakiTxis<br />
ganxilvisas da ganxilvis procesSi moswavleebs gansxvavebuli azris<br />
Semwynareblobis magaliTi misces.<br />
30
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
31
situacia #7<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „bolo dros Tmis cvena damewyo. bevr eqimTan viyavi,<br />
mkurnalobac Cavitare, magram uSedegod. Tma Tavze TiTqmis aRar<br />
maqvs. kani miCans. Zalian ganvicdi amas. mTeli zafxuli qudiT davdiodi.<br />
Zalian vnerviulobdi imaze, rom klasSi bavSvebi damcinebdnen. skolaSic<br />
qudiT mivedi da ase davdiodi. erT-erTi maswavlebeli mTeli kviris<br />
ganmavlobaSi SeniSvnas maZlevda da daJinebiT mTxovda qudis moxdas. me<br />
ar vemorCilebodi. erTxelac, gakveTilze SesvlisTanave, kategoriulad<br />
gamomicxada: an quds moixdi, an gabrZandi gakveTilidano. me gakve-<br />
Tilidan gamosvla varCie.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
klasSi moswavlis qudiT jdoma qcevis miRebul normebs ewinaaRmdegeba.<br />
es klasisa da maswavleblisadmi erTgvari upativcemulo damokidebulebis<br />
gamoxatulebad miiCneva. amitom maswavleblis reaqcia<br />
bunebrivia. moswavlis daumorCileblobam is kidev ufro gaaRiziana da,<br />
savaraudod, amiT aris gamowveuli misi kategoriuli toni.<br />
faqtia: klasSi situacia garTulda. miuxedavad zemoTqmulisa, cxadia,<br />
rom brali amaSi didwilad maswavlebels miuZRvis da ai ratom: pedagogi<br />
ar dainteresebula, ratom ar ixdida, misi daJinebuli Txovnis<br />
miuxedavad, moswavle quds. Sesabamisad, igi ver moipovebda moswavlis<br />
TvalSi ndobas, rom bavSvs misTvis gaeziarebina problema, romelsac<br />
Tavad esoden tragikulad aRiqvamda. moswavlis ndobis mopovebis erTerTi<br />
saukeTeso gza moswavleTa azrebisadmi gulisyuriTa da seriozulobiT<br />
mokideba da maTi piradi problemebiT dainteresebaa. pedagogi<br />
unda iyos mrCeveli ara marto saswavlo procesSi warmoqmnili<br />
siZneleebis gadalaxvaSi, aramed, moswavlis survilis SemTxvevaSi, daexmaros<br />
mas piradi problemebis mogvarebaSic.<br />
32
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
pedagogma Tavisi Seuvali principulobiT Seqmna konfliqturi situacia.<br />
aRsaniSnavia, rom moswavlis klasidan gaSvebiT maswavlebelma<br />
dauSva kidev erTi Secdoma: mozardi datova umeTvalyureod. amiT man<br />
uRalata profesiul pasuxismgeblobas. saswavlo procesis dros pedagogma<br />
unda uzrunvelyos TiToeuli moswavlis usafrTxoeba (sxvaTaSoris,<br />
ara marto fizikuri, aramed inteleqtualuri da emociuric). Tu<br />
gakveTilis mimdinareobisas bavSvs raime SeemTxveva, pasuxi, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, mas moeTxoveba.<br />
emociuri usafrTxoeba aranakleb mniSvnelovania, vidre fizikuri.<br />
maswavlebels unda Seeqmna klasSi iseTi situacia, rom bavSvs Tavisi<br />
gansxvavebulobis gamo uxerxulad ar egrZno Tavi da gaeqarwylebina<br />
misTvis Tanaklaselebis dacinvis SiSi.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
pedagogs, bunebrivia, ar unda gaeSva bavSvi klasidan. gakveTilis<br />
msvlelobisas aRar unda gaemaxvilebina yuradReba moswavlis gajiute-<br />
33
aze, gakveTilebis dasrulebis Semdeg ki gasaubreboda bavSvs. albaT,<br />
ar moiZebneba maswavlebeli, romelic gaigebda qudis tarebis namdvil<br />
mizezs da ar miscemda moswavles skolaSi TavsaburaviT siarulis<br />
uflebas.<br />
sanam moswavles SeniSvnebiT aavsebda, mas unda ecada jer bavSvTan<br />
pirispir saubari. Tu moswavle ar gaumJRavnebda mas sakuTar problemas,<br />
miemarTa mSoblisTvis, romlisganac is gaigebda bavSvis qcevis<br />
namdvil motivs. Seityobda ra moswavlis qcevis namdvil mizezs, maswavlebels<br />
yvelaferi unda eRona, rom bavSvs ufro msubuqad aReqva Tavisi<br />
problema. is unda gasaubreboda klass, magram ara konkretulad am bi-<br />
Wis problemaze (sasurvelia, ara misi TandaswrebiT). maT erTad unda<br />
emsjelaT Semwynareblobis, TanagrZnobis mniSvnelobaze.<br />
34
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
35
situacia #8<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „myavs erTi maswavlebeli, romelic, imis gamo,<br />
rom ver axerxebs bavSvebis gaCerebas, masalis axsnas ver aswrebs da<br />
gakveTils auxsnelad gvaZlevs. Sedegad misi sagani klasSi aravin ar<br />
icis. Tumca amas yvelaze ver vityvi, radgan mas hyavs amorCeuli orisami<br />
bavSvi SeZlebuli ojaxebidan da maT calke amecadinebs. mere sxvadasxva<br />
konkursze (konferenciebi, olimpiadebi...) gahyavs da, rogorc<br />
vici, ramdenjerme gaimarjves kidec. yovelTvis guli mwydeboda, Zalian<br />
mindoda, mec mimeRo monawileoba am konkursebSi, vTxove kidec maswavlebels,<br />
CemTvisac moeca amis saSualeba, magram arc momismina.”<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
moswavleTa udisciplinoba warmatebuli saswavlo procesis umTavresi<br />
xelisSemSleli faqtoria. disciplinis SenarCuneba ki mxolod<br />
moswavleTa interesis gamowveviTa da saintereso gakveTilebis CatarebiTaa<br />
SesaZlebeli. mocemulobis mixedviT maswavlebeli ver axerxebs<br />
moswavleTa yuradRebis mipyrobas da gakveTilze wesrigis damyarebas,<br />
bavSvebs gakveTils auxsnelad aZlevs. maswavleblis dabal profesiul<br />
kompetencias emateba is arakeTilsindisieri qmedebac, rom rom mas ramdenime<br />
moswavle hyavs amorCeuli, romlebic sxvadasxva SejibrebaSi imarjveben,<br />
danarCeni moswavleebi ki TiTqmis ucodinrebi arian.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
rogorc monaTxrobidan Cans, maswavlebels ar SeuZlia klasis mar-<br />
Tva da Sedegebic savalaloa. (`TiTqmis mTeli klasi ucodinrebi varT~).<br />
igi ver akmayofilebs profesiuli standartis moTxovnebs, romelTa<br />
mixedviTac maswavlebeli: `acnobierebs klasis marTvis stilis gavlenas<br />
moswavlis ganwyobaze, qcevasa da swavlis Sedegebze~ (maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standarti, gv.7 ) icis `gakveTilis drois marTvis efeqtiani<br />
strategiebi~ (iqve gv.7 ) da icis `swavlis motivaciis amaRlebis<br />
36
strategiebi da aanalizebs maT SesaZlo Sedegs konkretul situaciaSi~<br />
(iqve gv. 8).<br />
maswavlebels seriozuli problemebi aqvs profesiuli unar-Cvevebis<br />
naklebobis gamo. amis gamosworeba SeiZleba Teoriuli codnis gaRrmavebisa<br />
da praqtikuli gamocdilebis dagrovebis gziT. imaves ver vityviT<br />
mis qcevaze, romelic ar Seesabameba eTikur normebs. rogorc<br />
moswavlis monaTxrobidan Cans, am maswavleblis mier kerZod momzadebuli<br />
moswavleebi sxvadasxva konkursSi imarjveben. e. i. maswavlebels,<br />
rogorc sagnis specialists, Seswevs unari, maRal Sedegs miaRwios,<br />
roca amis survili aqvs. aqedan SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom misi problemebi<br />
ufro eTikuria, vidre profesiuli.<br />
moswavle gulistkiviliT aRniSnavs, rom pedagogi mikerZoebulia.<br />
igi gansakuTrebulad eqceva ekonomiurad SeZlebuli mSoblebis Svilebs.<br />
amiT is seriozul safrTxes uqmnis mozardebis sulier samyaros da arakeTilsindisierebis<br />
magaliTs aZlevs maT.<br />
sakuTari moswavleebis kerZod momzadeba ewinaaRmdegeba pedagogiuri<br />
eTikis principebs.maswavleblis profesiuli valdebulebaa, yvela<br />
moswavles Tanabari yuradReba dauTmos da sakuTari SesaZleblobebis<br />
gamovlenis saSualeba misces. moswavle-maswavleblis urTierToba miukerZoeblobis<br />
safrTxis winaSe dgeba, rac warmatebuli saswavlo process<br />
saSiSroebas uqmnis. sakuTari moswavlis kerZod momzadebiT ilaxeba<br />
agreTve danarCeni moswavleebis interesebi da uflebebi.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavlebelma keTilsindisierad unda Seasrulos Tavisi movaleoba<br />
da keTilsindisierebis magaliTi unda misces Tavis moswavleebs. mas<br />
unda hqondes erTnairi damokidebuleba yvela bavSvisadmi. savsebiT<br />
SesaZlebelia, rom moswavleebis daumorCilebloba erTgvari protesti<br />
da upativcemulobis gamoxatulebaa pedagogis mimarT zogierTi bavSvisadmi<br />
misi damokidebulebis gamo.<br />
maswavlebeli unda gaecnos da daeuflos klasis marTvis strategiebsa<br />
da sagnis swavlebis efeqtur meTodebs. Tu igi mainc ver SeZlebs<br />
bavSvebis gakveTilze gaCerebas, daxmarebisaTvis mimarTos klasis damrigebels,<br />
skolis administraciasa da skolis fsiqologs.<br />
37
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
38
situacia #9<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „erTxel maswavlebelma gakveTilis axsna daiwyo.<br />
es iseTi sakiTxi iyo, romelzec cota informacia winaswar mqonda, saubarma<br />
Zalian damainteresa. ramdenime SekiTxva davusvi. Tavidan mipasuxa,<br />
magram mere SevamCnie, rom am sakiTxze amomwuravi informacia arc<br />
Tavad hqonda da Semdegi kiTxva rom davusvi, Zalian uxeSad mipasuxa. me<br />
ver moviTmine da klasidan gavedi.. maswavlebelma Cemi mSobeli daibara,<br />
direqciaSic ganacxada, rom me gakveTili TviTneburad mivatove. Cemi<br />
simarTle ver davamtkice da Zalian gulnatkeni davrCi.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavleblisaTvis mZimea iseT situaciaSi yofna, rodesac mas<br />
moswavlis mier dasmul SekiTxvaze saTanado pasuxi ar aqvs. moswavleebs<br />
eWvi SeaqvT maswavleblis kompetenciaSi, magram aRweril situaciaSi<br />
maswavleblis qmedebas mainc ar aqvs gamarTleba. imis gamo, rom mas<br />
moswavlis mier dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxi ar hqonda, sakuTari profesiuli<br />
„prestiJis gadarCenis“ aramarTebuli gza airCia. gaRizianebulma<br />
moswavles sityvieri Seuracxyofa miayena.<br />
pedagogi valdebulia klasSi Seqmnas iseTi garemo, rom bavSvebi ar<br />
SeizRudon gakveTilze sakuTari azrebis gamoxatvisas. maT unda See-<br />
ZloT, dasvan yvela kiTxva, romlebzec pasuxi ainteresebT.<br />
maswavlebeli, romelic ver axerxebs sakuTari emociebis moTokvas<br />
da iolad SeuZlia adamianebisaTvis Seuracxyofis miyeneba, ver iqneba<br />
misabaZi magaliTi moswavleebisaTvis.<br />
pedagogma mSobels acnoba, rom bavSvma gakveTili datova da, erTi<br />
SexedviT, sworadac moiqca, magram maswavlebelma mSobeli sasayvedurod<br />
daibara da direqciaSic ganacxada, rom moswavlem gakveTili TviTneburad<br />
miatova. gakveTilis mitoveba TavisTavad araswori saqcielia,<br />
magram pedagogma arc mSobels da arc direqcias namdvili mizezi ar<br />
gaacno. man Seuracxyo moswavle mxolod imis gamo, rom mis kiTxvaze<br />
pasuxi ar hqonda, moswavlemac amis pasuxad datova gakveTili.<br />
39
fsiqologi:<br />
pedagogma, pirvel rigSi, TviTon unda gaiazros, rom ar arsebobs<br />
yovlismcodne adamiani. Semdeg ki auxsnas Tavis moswavleebsac, rom Seu-<br />
Zlebelia icode amqveynad yvelaferi, ufro metic: sruliad dasaSvebia,<br />
erT konkretul sakiTxzec ki ar gqondes amomwuravi informacia. Tu<br />
maswavlebeli TviTon miiCnevs, rom yvelafris codna SesaZlebelia, igi<br />
bavSvebsac Seuqmnis amis iluzias. SesaZloa, realur situaciaSi moswavleebs<br />
gauCndeT sakuTari ususurobis gancda da CamouyalibdeT dabali<br />
TviTSefaseba.<br />
maswavlebels vurCevT, rom sxva dros ar miiRos pirad Seuracxyofad<br />
moswavlis SekiTxva. dahpirdes mas, rom momavali gakveTilisTvis<br />
daazustebs pasuxs da SeZlebisdagvarad amomwurav informacias miawvdis.<br />
es sulac ar daakninebs mis profesiul kompetenturobas. piriqiT,<br />
amiT maswavlebeli moipovebs moswavleTa ndobas.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maRalkvalificiurma pedagogma unda aswavlos moswavleebs, rogor<br />
moipovon maT sasurveli informacia ama Tu im sakiTxze. erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmis mixedviT, swavla niSnavs ara marto informaciis SeZenas,<br />
aramed agreTve unar-Cvevebisa da damokidebulebis ganviTarebas. saswavlo<br />
procesSi ZiriTadi aqcenti mimarTulia saazrovno da TviTmarTvis<br />
unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaze. (damatebiTi informacia ixileT<br />
meTodologiur saxelmZRvaneloSi: „rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs<br />
azrovneba“ (erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2007)<br />
moswavle unda axerxebdes misTvis sasurveli informaciis mopovebas<br />
damoukideblad. TviTmarTvis am unaris CamoyalibebaSi mas maswavleblis<br />
daxmareba sWirdeba. pedagogi am SemTxvevaSi xdeba mrCeveli. igi<br />
moswavles miuTiTebs im SesaZlo wyaroebze (wignebi, kvlevebi, angariSebi,<br />
eleqtronuli informacia), romlebic SeiZleba sakiTxis garSemo arsebobdes.<br />
sasurvelia, pedagogma SesTavazos moswavles, rom maT erTad<br />
moiZion informacia. SesaZloa, maswavleblis daxmarebiT bavSvma moxsenebac<br />
gaakeTos misTvis saintereso sakiTxis Sesaxeb klasis winaSe.<br />
40
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
41
situacia #10<br />
mSobeli gviambobs: `Cemi bavSvi mousvenaria, magram, amave dros, maswavleblebi<br />
amboben, rom Zalian niWieria. nikas yvelaferi ainteresebs.<br />
is xSirad winaswar kiTxulobs <strong>saskolo</strong> wignebs da advilad iTvisebs<br />
wakiTxuls. magram es problemad gadaiqca, radgan maswavlebeli meubneba:<br />
`Tqveni Svili saswavlo process arRvevs imiT, rom axal masalas<br />
Cemze win hyveba da koncentracias kargavs~. amisaTvis nika maswavlebelma<br />
ramdenjerme dasaja saganSi cudi quliT. skolaSi rom mivedi da<br />
pedagogs vTxove, mieciT ufro rTuli davaleba, romlis Sesrulebac<br />
misTvis Zalian advili ar iqneba-meTqi, man mipasuxa: `programiT mivdivar...~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
aSkaraa problemuri situaciis arseboba, romelic Tu ar daregulirda,<br />
gaamwvavebs maswavleblis, mSoblisa da moswavlis urTierTobebs,<br />
xels SeuSlis gakveTilis efeqtur mimdinareobas da, rac mTavaria, nikas<br />
saswavlo motivacias sagrZnoblad gaauaresebs. advili warmosadgenia,<br />
ramdenad rTulia pedagogisaTvis, rodesac bavSvi gakveTilis msvlelobisas<br />
xSirad xmamaRla wamoiZaxebs jer kidev bolomde dausmel kiTxvebze<br />
swor pasuxebs. amiT moswavle marto Tavad ki ar kargavs koncentracias,<br />
sxva moswavleebis yuradRebasac iqcevs, rac, cxadia, aferxebs maT<br />
CarTvas saswavlo procesSi.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
moswavlis saqcielis motivi SesaZloa iyos Semdegi: bavSvebisaTvis<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovania garSemo myofebis Sefaseba. maT uCndebaT bunebrivi<br />
survili, warmoaCinon TavianTi SesaZleblobebi da codna da<br />
amiT daimsaxuron ufrosebisa da Tanaklaselebis aRiareba. savarau-<br />
42
dod, am SemTxvevaSi swored es motivi gansazRvravs nikas qcevas. maswavlebels<br />
uWirs bavSvis qcevis marTva, radgan, rogorc Cans, ar icis<br />
xerxebi da saSualebebi, romlebic daexmareba moswavlis gakveTiliT<br />
dainteresebasa da misi qcevis regulaciaSi. maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standartis erT-erT mniSvnelovan moTxovnas warmoadgens: maswavlebelma<br />
`icis saswavlo procesis dagegmva... moswavleTa individualuri<br />
Taviseburebebis... gaTvaliswinebiT;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standarti, gv.8)<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
yvela moswavles da maT Soris specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis<br />
mqone moswavleebsac aqvT ufleba, miiRon ganaTleba TavianTi<br />
unarebisa da SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisad. specialuri saganmanaTleblo<br />
saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebSi igulisxmebian iseTi<br />
bavSvebic, romelTa unarebis ganviTareba uswrebs Sesabamis asakobriv<br />
normebs. maswavlebeli valdebulia, miudges moswavles individualurad<br />
da misces misi SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis Sesabamisi<br />
davalebebi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi bavSvs gauWirdeba yuradRebis<br />
koncentracia misTvis nacnob, advil da, amdenad, uintereso masalaze.<br />
es gamoiwvevs misi qcevis gauaresebas da swavlis unar-Cvevebis<br />
daqveiTebas.<br />
maswavlebeli ar iTvaliswinebs erovnuli saswavlo gegmis moTxovnas:<br />
`moswavle arasaTanado saqcielisaTvis sagnis niSniT ar unda daisajos.~<br />
(erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2007, gv.11) da dabali niSniT araerTgzis<br />
sjis mas, rac bavSvis mier, savaraudod, aRiqmeba rogorc mis mimarT<br />
usamarTlo damokidebuleba.<br />
mSobeli maswavlebels uziarebs sakuTar gulistkivils da sTavazobs<br />
kidec problemis gadaWris erT-erT gzas, misces mis Svils ufro<br />
rTuli davaleba. maswavlebeli gulgrilia misi Txovnis mimarT da ar<br />
cdilobs monaxos bavSvis sagakveTilo procesSi CarTvis gzebi. savsebiT<br />
kanonzomieri iqneba, rom nikas mSobeli nawyeni da imedgacruebuli<br />
darCes. mas aqvs safuZveli ifiqros, rom pedagogi mis Svils arasakmaris<br />
drosa da yuradRebas uTmobs, ris Sedegadac nikas skolaSi<br />
sakuTari potencialis srulad gamovlenisa da realizebis saSualeba<br />
43
ar eZleva.<br />
maswavlebels vurCevT:<br />
dagegmos saswavlo procesi winaswar imgvarad, rom gaiTvaliswinos<br />
da daakmayofilos yvela SesaZleblobis moswavlis interesebi da saswavlo<br />
moTxovnilebebi;<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavlesTan imuSaos<br />
individualuri saswavlo gegmiT: misces diferencirebuli davalebebi,<br />
riTac CarTavs mas sagakveTilo procesSi;<br />
iTanamSromlos mSobelTan bavSvis interesebisa da Taviseburebebis<br />
Sesaxeb informaciis miRebis, problemis gadaWris gzebis erToblivad<br />
gamonaxvisaTvis; mSobelTan saubrisas warmoaCinos bavSvis Zlieri mxareebi<br />
da auxsnas misi qcevis uaryofiTi Sedegebic.<br />
44
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
45
situacia #11<br />
pedagogi gviambobs: `erTxel, Sesvenebaze, mecxreklasel vaJs SevamCnie,<br />
rom Tanaklaselebi gars Semoxveodnen. igi maT mobiluri telefoniT<br />
raRacas uCvenebda. bavSvebis saxeebSi ucnauri interesi davinaxe, ramac<br />
damaeWva. roca zari daireka da moswavleebi gakveTilze Sevidnen, biWs<br />
mobiluri telefoni vTxove, viTomda zaris gasaSvebad. man telefoni<br />
damitova da Tavad klasSi Sevida. mobiluri davaTvaliere da Cem Tvalwin<br />
gamaognebeli uxamsoba gadaiSala. moswavles davubrune telefoni<br />
ise, rom araferi miTqvams misTvis. saRamos davureke mSobels da mxolod<br />
is vuTxari, iqneb yuradReba mieqcia imisaTvis, Tu ra Canawerebs inaxavda<br />
misi Svili mobilurSi. Cemda gasaocrad, madlobis nacvlad, meore<br />
dRes mSobeli momivarda da skandali momiwyo: ra uflebiT SeamowmeT<br />
Cemi Svilis telefonio. me Sevecade, mSvidad amexsna misTvis, ra ziani<br />
moaqvs am asakis bavSvebisTvis aseTi uxamsobis yurebas. man Cemi mosmena<br />
ar isurva.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
rogorc situaciidan Cans, maswavleblis qcevis motivia, xeli Seuwyos<br />
moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas, rac maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standartiTac aris gaTvaliswinebuli. maswavlebelma<br />
„icis, rogor... Seuwyos xeli moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis<br />
Camoyalibebas” (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.7). cxadia, rom<br />
maswavlebeli yuradRebiani da dakvirvebulia. igi sworad moiqca _ dasvenebazec<br />
ki ar gamoepara moswavleebis saqcieli, Tavi Seikava myiseuli<br />
reaqciisagan da scada mSobelTan TanamSromloba.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
Tu situacias CavuRrmavdebiT, TvalsaCino xdeba maswavleblis mier<br />
daSvebuli, SeiZleba uneblie, Secdomebi.<br />
46
is, rom mecxreklaseli vaJi Sesvenebaze Tavis Tanaklaselebs mobiluri<br />
telefoniT uxamsobas ayurebinebs, saZraxisi, magram gardatexis<br />
asakisaTvis prognozirebadi saqcielia. bavSvebs am asakSi uCndebaT<br />
bunebrivi interesi intimuri Tematikisadmi da cdiloben saTanado<br />
informaciis, vizualuri masalis mopovebas, romelsac, rogorc wesi,<br />
Tanatolebsac uziareben.<br />
moswavlis/moswavleebis zneobaze zrunvis motiviT maswavlebeli<br />
sargeblobs ndobiT, mobiluridan zaris gaSvebis sababiT, daukiTxavad<br />
naxulobs telefonSi Senaxul informacias da nanaxis Sesaxeb acnobebs<br />
moswavlis mSobels. maswavlebeli TiTqos sworad moiqca, magram keTil-<br />
Sobiluri miznis miRwevis saSualebad man sicrue airCia da am gziT<br />
moipova sasurveli informacia. es zogadeTikuri problemaa da maswavleblis<br />
saqcieli am mxriv unda Sefasdes.<br />
ibadeba kiTxva: ratom ver Sedga konkretul situaciaSi TanamSromloba<br />
mSobelsa da maswavlebels Soris? mizezi unda veZeboT pedagogis<br />
mier mSobelTan urTierTobis arasworad arCeul strategiaSi. raki<br />
saqme exeboda sakmaod delikatur sakiTxs, ukeTesi iqneboda, maswavlebels<br />
ara telefoniT, aramed piradad esaubra mSobelTan. pedagogma<br />
ki telefoniT miuTiTa mSobels, rom `miexeda~ Tavisi SvilisaTvis. arc<br />
erT mSobels ar siamovnebs Svilis Sesaxeb sayvedurebis mosmena, miT<br />
umetes, Tu sayvedurTan erTad mSobels sakuTar uyuradRebobazec mianiSneben.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
savaraudod, mSoblis gaRizianebis kidev erTi mizezi maswavleblis<br />
mier aRniSnuli informaciis mopovebis gzaa. mas miaCnia, rom Svilis mier<br />
Cadenili saqcieli naklebad dasaZraxia (amas asakobrivi TaviseburebiT<br />
eZebneba gamarTleba), vidre maswavleblisa, romelmac moswavlis ndobiT<br />
isargebla da ukanonod moipova informacia. pedagogis araeTikuri<br />
saqcieli SeiZleba uaryofiTad aisaxos moswavlis zneobriv Rirebulebebzec.<br />
bavSvi CaTvlis, rom sicrue SeiZleba miCneul iqnes sasurveli<br />
informaciis mopovebis, saerTod, miznis miRwevis, dasaSveb gzad. garda<br />
amisa, moswavle CaTvlis, rom advilad ar unda endos adamianebs, radgan<br />
SeiZleba mis mier sxvisTvis gaweuli samsaxuri, am SemTxvevaSi telefonis<br />
Txoveba, missave sawinaaRmdegod gamoiyenon. amasTanave, erTi pedagogis<br />
naTqvami sicrue avtomaturad ganzogaddeba, rac mis TvalSi daakninebs,<br />
47
zogadad, maswavleblis avtoritets. magram ra unda eqna maswavlebels?<br />
uyuradRebod daetovebina es faqti?<br />
TavisTavad cxadia, ara, magram mas unda SeerCia ukeTesi momenti,<br />
rodesac moswavlis ndobis gawbilebisa da sicruis gareSe SeZlebda<br />
miznis miRwevas. uSualod unda dalaparakeboda bavSvs. am SemTxvevaSi<br />
mosalodneli iyo, rom maswavlebeli TviTon gaumklavdeboda situacias<br />
da ar iqneboda saWiro mSoblis Careva.<br />
sasurvelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebTan urTierToba aagos gulaxdilobasa<br />
da gulwrfelobaze; miuTiTos moswavleebs, rom skolaSi<br />
uxamsobis amsaxveli nivTebis motana an Cveneba yovlad dauSvebelia; mSobelTan<br />
urTierTobisas uari Tqvas direqtiul tonze da SesTavazos mas<br />
TanamSromloba problemis gadaWris gzebis ZiebaSi; mSobelTan urTier-<br />
Tobisas telefoniT dakavSirebas, garda gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevebisa,<br />
arCios uSualo, pirispir Sexvedra. Tu skolis SinaganawesSi ar aris<br />
Sesabamisi muxli, rekomendaciiT mimarTos skolis direqcias, gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
iqnes moswavlis mimarT saxdeli, romelic msgavsi uxamsobis<br />
amsaxvel nivTebs moitans skolaSi.<br />
48
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
49
situacia #12<br />
mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `zoologiis gakveTilze maswavlebelma<br />
cxovelis agebuleba auxsna moswavleebs. ninoze am gakveTilma gansakuTrebuli<br />
STabeWdileba moaxdina. bavSvma roca gaigo, rom cxovelebs<br />
aqvT guli, kuWi, filtvebi, anu is organoebi, romlebic adamianebsac<br />
gaaCniaT, Sewyvita xorcis Wama. mSobeli Zalian Sewuxda am ambis<br />
gamo, radgan Tvlida, rom gardatexis asakSi xorcis miuRebloba bavSvis<br />
organizmisTvis gansakuTrebiT saxifaToa. SeSfoTebuli mSobeli<br />
maswavlebelTan mivida, situacia auxsna da daxmareba sTxova. maswavlebelma<br />
upasuxa: me vxsni gakveTils ise, rogoc mevaleba, Tqveni Svili ras<br />
SeWams, es Cemi gadasawyveti ar aris, es Tqven TviTon moagvareT...~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
yvelasaTvis gasagebia, Tu ramdenad Znelia aTeulobiT bavSvsa da<br />
maT mSoblebs miudge individualurad, mSvidad da gulisyuriT mousmino<br />
maT problemebsa Tu pretenziebs. magram aseve Znelia maswavleblis<br />
gulgrilobis gamarTleba, roca saqme bavSvis janmrTelobas exeba.<br />
ninos maswavleblis pasuxi _ `me vxsni gakveTils ise, rogoc mevaleba,<br />
Tqveni Svili ras SeWams, es Cemi gadasawyveti ar aris, es Tqven TviTon<br />
moagvareT...~_ swored gulgrilobis gamoxatulebaa. darRveulia profesiuli<br />
eTikis sayrdeni principebi: adamianebis pativiscema da personaluri<br />
da profesiuli pasuxismgebloba, ugulebelyofilia maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standartis moTxovnac: maswavlebeli `acnobierebs<br />
moswavleebis ganviTarebis asakobriv da individualur Taviseburebebs<br />
da maT gavlenas swavlebasa da swavlaze.~ (maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standarti, gv.6);<br />
maswavlebeli Tavis erTaderT valdebulebad miiCnevs bavSvisaTvis<br />
faqtobrivi codnis gadacemas da ugulvebelyofs pirovnebaze orientirebuli<br />
swavlebis moTxovnas: `saganmanaTleblo procesis centrSi<br />
dgas TiToeuli moswavle da miRweuli Sedegi; gaTvalsiwinebulia<br />
moswavlis fizikuri da fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi da asakTan Sesaferisi<br />
interesebi.~ (erovnuli saswavlo gegma, xuTi ZiriTadi siaxle,<br />
2009-2010 , gv. 6).<br />
50
maswavlebeli sakuTar daniSnulebas xedavs mxolod informaciis gadacemaSi<br />
da ar interesdeba, rogor aisaxeba es informacia bavSvis fsiqikaze.<br />
is uCveulo gulgrilobas iCens bavSvis emociuri mdgomareobis<br />
mimarT. amiT ki ugulebelyofs maswavleblis profesiuli standartis<br />
moTxovnas: pedagogi „acnobierebs pasuxismgeblobas TiToeuli moswavlis<br />
pirovnul da socialur ganviTarebaze;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standarti, gv.7).<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
am SemTxvevaSi sasurveli iqneboda maswavlebels gamoeTqva Seqmnil<br />
situaciasTan gamklavebis survili, mSobelTan erTad eZebna problemis<br />
gadaWris gza, kerZod:<br />
upirveles yovlisa, gasaubreboda bavSvs, moesmina misi argumentebi;<br />
aexsna bavSvisTvis, ramdenad mniSvnelovania mozardisaTvis cxoveluri<br />
cilebi, enzimebi, ra Sedegi SeiZleba moitanos am nivTierebebis<br />
naklebobam;<br />
aexsna, rom xorcis WamiT ar irRveva arc religiuri, arc eTikuri<br />
da moraluri principebi. SesaZloa kidev bevri argumentis moyvana.<br />
sasurvelia, maswavlebelma gadaxedos mis mier gamoyenebul saswavlo<br />
meTodebs, masalis miwodebis formebs (mag. SeiZleba is gansakuTrebul<br />
aqcentebs akeTebs cxovelebisa da adamianebis fizikuri agebulebis<br />
msgavsebaze).<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
isic unda gaiTvaliswinon, rom Tu amis Semdegac bavSvi uars ganacxadebs<br />
xorcis miRebaze, maSin gamosavali iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli da<br />
mSoblebi pativs scemen bavSvis gadawyvetilebas da ar SeewinaaRmdegebian<br />
mis vegetarianelobas. es gamarTlebulia, radgan, rogorc Cans,<br />
nino Zalian mgrZnobiare bavSvia, amitom Tu mas aiZuleben xorcis Wamas,<br />
gacilebiT meti ziani miadgeba mis fsiqikas, vidre vegetarianeloba<br />
miayenebs mis organizms.<br />
51
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
52
situacia #13<br />
skolis direqtori: „mas Semdeg, rac specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis<br />
mqone moswavleebma (SemoklebiT sssm) gaiares mosamzadebeli<br />
periodi, gadawyda maTi CarTva zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolis klasSi.<br />
sxva moswavleTa mSoblebma gamoTqves pretenzia am faqtis gamo, radgan,<br />
maTi azriT, maswavlebeli ver moaxerxebda yuradRebis saTanadod<br />
gadanawilebas mTel klasze. garda amisa, specialuri saganmanaTleblo<br />
saWiroebebis mqone moswavlis klasSi yofna maT Svilebs daTrgunavda.<br />
damrigebelma problema Semdegnairad gadaWra: sanam Sexvdeboda<br />
mSoblebs, bavSvebs miawoda informacia specialuri saganmanaTleblo<br />
saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis Sesaxeb, uTxra, rom isini maT gverdiT<br />
iswavlidnen. Semdeg sTxova, sakuTari Sexedulebebi da damokidebuleba<br />
werilobiT gadmoecaT. nawerebis gaanalizebam gamoavlina, rom bavSvebi<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis<br />
mimarT dadebiTad iyvnen ganwyobili da maTTan urTierTobis survili<br />
hqondaT. arc erT nawerSi ar Canda agresia an SiSi. damrigebelma moiwvia<br />
mSobelTa kreba, raTa maTTvis gaecno inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebi,<br />
waukiTxa amonaridebi maTi Svilebis nawerebidan, gaacno maTi damokidebuleba<br />
mocemul sakiTxze. krebaze Seicvala mSoblebis ganwyoba<br />
da situacia gamosworda.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi specialuri saganmanaTleblo<br />
saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis ganaTleba is sakiTxia, romlis gadawyvetis<br />
strategia aqamde saqarTveloSi ar arsebobda. xSirad misi<br />
gadaWris mcdeloba am problemasTan uSualo Sexebis mqone adamianebis<br />
keTil nebasa da humanurobaze iyo damokidebuli. pedagogisaTvis<br />
rTulia specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavlesTan<br />
muSaoba, Tu maswavlebeli ar aris saTanado codniTa da unar-CvevebiT<br />
aRWurvili. am mimarTulebiT profesiuli ganviTareba gansakuTrebiT<br />
mniSvnelovania warmatebuli inkluziuri ganaTlebisaTvis.<br />
53
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
amJamad inkluziuri ganaTleba saxelmwifos saganmanaTleblo politikis<br />
ganuyofel da uaRresad mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens da, Sesabamisad,<br />
SemuSavebulia misi ganxorcielebis pedagogiuri principebica<br />
da samarTlebrivi bazac. bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis 22.1. muxlis Sesabamisad,<br />
konvenciis monawile saxelmwifoebSi unda xorcieldebodes<br />
inkluziuri ganaTleba. sssm moswavleebisaTvis specializebul skolebsa<br />
Tu klasebSi swavlasTan erTad ganaTlebis miRebis mniSvnelovani<br />
alternativa unda iyos sajaro skolebi.<br />
rogorc erT, ise meore midgomas, anu sssm moswavlis ganTavsebas specializebul<br />
skolaSi an mis integracias Cveulebriv klasSi, aqvs Tavisi<br />
dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi, magram xSirad sssm moswavleebisaTvis<br />
gacilebiT efeqturia zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi swavla. swored<br />
amitom dRes saqarTveloSi farTod gavrcelda inkluziuri ganaTlebis<br />
idea, romelsac ganaTlebis sferoSi mimdinare reformebma Seuwyo xeli.<br />
skolis saganmanaTleblo reformis amosaval wertils moswavle da misi<br />
saswavlo moTxovnilebebi da saWiroebebi warmoadgens. Sesabamisad, saswavlo<br />
procesi ise unda daigegmos, rom moswavleTa saWiroebebi maqsimalurad<br />
dakmayofildes.<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, maRalkvalificiuri<br />
maswavlebeli “icnobs inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebs da iyenebs<br />
mas sakuTari praqtikis dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaSi”. (maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standarti gv. 7) igi kargad acnobierebs, rom sssm moswavleTa<br />
ganaTleba SeuZlebelia Sesabamisi garemos Seqmnis gareSe. ama-<br />
Si, upirveles yovlisa, igulisxmeba klasis danarCen moswavleebTan da<br />
maT mSoblebTan muSaoba. maswavlebelma pirdapir ki ar Seiyvana klas-<br />
Si `sxvanairi bavSvi~, aramed jer moamzada niadagi amisaTvis – auxsna<br />
moswavleebs, ras niSnavs `gansxvavebuloba~ da misca SesaZlebloba, maT<br />
sakuTari azri gamoexataT am sakiTxze. pedagogma `icis, rogor Camoayalibos<br />
moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi... da xeli Seuwyos<br />
moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas.~ (iqve gv.7)<br />
maswavlebelma Tavisi midgomiT keTilad ganawyo moswavleebi specialuri<br />
saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone Tanatolebis mimarT da<br />
TiToeuls misca Tavisi emociis gadmocemis saSualeba, amisTvis werilobiTi<br />
forma airCia. azris zepiri gadmocemisas SeiZleboda yvela<br />
54
moswavles ver moeswro an ar esurva azris gamoTqma, maswavlebels ki am<br />
SemTxvevaSi TiToeulis poziciis maqsimalurad gulwrfeli, gulaxdili<br />
da SeuzRudavi gamoxatva sWirdeboda. moswavleTa calsaxad pozitiuri<br />
damokidebuleba specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone<br />
Tanatolebisadmi mSoblebs ara marto daarwmunebda TavianTi varaudis<br />
usafuZvlobaSi, aramed daafiqrebda kidec sakuTari poziciis eTikur<br />
mxareze.<br />
sagangebo aRniSvnis Rirsia is faqti, rom maswavlebelma moswavleebi<br />
Tavis mokavSireebad aqcia da amas miaRwia ara damoZRvriTa da zogadi<br />
lozungebiT, aramed sworad SerCeuli startegiiT.<br />
amgvari midgomiT maswavlebeli aseve TiToeuli moswavlis pirovnul<br />
da socialur ganviTarebaze zrunavs. maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli<br />
`acnobierebs pasuxismgeblobas TiToeuli moswavlis pirovnul da socialur<br />
ganviTarebaze;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti.gv.7)<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
aRsaniSnavia, rom maswavlebelma ar ugulebelyo arc mSoblebis pretenzia<br />
da SeSfoTeba, rom sssm moswavlis gamo klasSi swavlebis done<br />
daiwevda. man ise aago Tavisi urTierToba mSoblebTan, rom sakiTxisadmi<br />
maTi negatiuri damokidebuleba pozitiuriT Seicvala. aseTi qmedebiT<br />
maswavlebelma daadastura, rom akmayofilebs maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standartis moTxovnas: pedagogma `icis, rogor gamoiyenos komunikaciis<br />
sxvadasxva xerxi kolegebTan, mSoblebTan da saswavlo proces-<br />
Tan dakavSirebul sxva pirebTan keTilganwyobili urTierTobebisTvis~<br />
(maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.8).<br />
imisaTvis, rom inkluziuri ganaTleba efeqturad mimdinareobdes,<br />
maswavlebeli intensiurad unda muSaobdes moswavleebTan da mSoblebTan.<br />
upirveles yovlisa, pedagogma unda gaigos maTi Sexedulebebi, damokidebulebebi.<br />
Semdeg ki gaacnos inkluziis ZiriTadi Rirebulebebi,<br />
kerZod es aris:<br />
yvelas aqvs ufleba iyos sazogadoebis sruluflebiani wevri;<br />
aucilebelia Tanamonawileobisa da socialuri urTierTobis<br />
xelSewyoba da waxaliseba;<br />
gansxvavebuloba ar unda iyos gariyvisa da izolaciis safuZveli.<br />
aucilebelia, agreTve, bavSvebisa da mSoblebisaTvis imis gacnobiereba,<br />
rom sssm moswavleebTan erTad swavla mTeli klasisaTvis sas-<br />
55
argebloa, radgan sworad organizebuli inkluziuri ganaTlebis dros<br />
eCvevian bavSvebi gansxvavebis miRebasa da pativiscemas, uyalibdebaT<br />
urTierTdaxmarebis, TanamSromlobis ganwyoba da ufro empaTiurebi<br />
xdebian.<br />
inkluziuri ganaTlebis sworad marTva sakmaod rTulia. marto maswavlebels<br />
gauWirdeba misi ganxorcieleba, radgan es uamrav Zalisxmevas<br />
moiTxovs pedagogisagan. skolebSi, sadac inkluziuri ganaTleba inergeba,<br />
sasurvelia, rom damatebiT sxvadasxva specialistic muSaobdes.<br />
mag.: logopedi, fsiqologi, inkluziuri ganaTlebis koordinatori an<br />
specialuri maswavlebeli, raTa maswavlebels saSualeba hqondes, mimarTos<br />
maT daxmarebisaTvis.<br />
56
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
57
situacia #14<br />
maswavlebeli mogviTxrobs: `erT-erTma Cvenma pedagogma imis gamo, rom<br />
ver daimorCila klasi, gakveTilis msvlelobis dros gaufrTxileblad<br />
miatova IX klasis moswavleebi. vaJebi Cxubobdnen da, situaciis daregulirebis<br />
nacvlad, maswavlebeli gaiqca gakveTilidan.~<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
wamovidginoT arc ise didi, daxuruli sivrce (saklaso oTaxi),<br />
romelSic erTmaneTs gametebiT urtyamen 14-15 wlis vaJebi, oTaxSi<br />
dgas gamayruebeli xmauri, aravis araferi esmis, situaciis kontroli<br />
TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. gasakviri ar aris, rom maswavlebels daufleboda<br />
ususurobisa da daucvelobis damTrgunveli gancda.<br />
14-15 weli is asakia, romelic xasiaTdeba hormonebis mozRvavebiT.<br />
hormonebi aris Zlieri qimiuri nivTierebebi, romlebic endokrinuli<br />
jirkvlebis mier gamoiyofa da mTel sxeuls sisxlis saSualebiT gadaecema.<br />
hormonebis siWarbe xSirad maT agresiulobas uwyobs xels. Tumca<br />
agresia mozardebSi mxolod hormonalur faqtorebze rodia damokidebuli.<br />
agresiis gamomwvev mizezTa Soris SeiZleba iyos socialuri an<br />
fsiqologiuri faqtorebi: bavSvebi intensiurad uyureben Zaladobas<br />
masmediaSi, ojaxSi, ubanSi. bavSvi SeiZleba iyos hiperaqtiuri da sxva.<br />
(detaluri informacia ixileT maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris mier gamocemul saxelmZRvaneloSi `ganviTarebisa da swavlis<br />
Teoriebi,~ 2008 w. gv. 11- 46).<br />
SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom eqstremalur situaciebSi mocemulobaSi<br />
aRniSnul pedagogs SiSi da panika ipyrobs, koncentraciisa da TviTkontrolis<br />
unars kargavs da gaqceviT Svelis Tavs. magram maswavleblis<br />
qceva agreTve gvafiqrebinebs, rom igi Tavs aridebs an ver umklavdeba<br />
profesiul valdebulebas. Tu igi xvdeboda, rom TviTon ver SeaCerebda<br />
klasSi atexil Cxubs, dasaxmareblad unda miemarTa kolegebisa-<br />
Tvis. samomavlod ki ezruna Tavis pirovnul da profesiul ganviTarebaze,<br />
Sesabamisi unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebaze, raTa SeZleboda msgavsi<br />
SemTxvevebis prevencia.<br />
58
maswavlebeli:<br />
nacvlad imisa, rom klasidan gamosul maswavlebels dasaxmareblad<br />
kolegebisTvis miemarTa, man datova klasi da, ufro metic, ar dainteresebula<br />
mis mier mitovebuli moswavleebis bediT. moswavlis skolaSi<br />
yofnisas, miT umetes, gakveTilis msvlelobisas, mis usafrTxoebaze<br />
pasuxs agebs, upirveles yovlisa, Tavad maswavlebeli da Semdeg mTeli<br />
skola. pedagogma moswavleebs problemuri situaciisagan gaqcevis, movaleobisadmi<br />
upasuxismgeblo damokidebulebis magaliTi misca. igi ver<br />
axerxebs, moswavleebs Soris konfliqturi situaciis ganmuxtvas. unda<br />
iTqva isic, rom maswavlebeli, romelic saintereso da mravalferovan<br />
gakveTilebs atarebs da icis moswavleTa motivaciis gzebi, iSviaTad<br />
aRmoCndeba msgavs situaciaSi. maswavlebeli ki swored profesiuli unarebis<br />
naklebobis Tu arqonis gamo mimarTavs araadekvatur gzas.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
Tu pedagogi CaTvlida, rom ver aCerebs klasSi atexil Cxubs, mas<br />
dasaxmareblad unda miemarTa klasis damrigeblisaTvis da masTan er-<br />
Tad daedgina konfliqtis mizezebi; Tuki maswavlebeli da klasis damrigebeli<br />
sakuTari ZalebiT ver moaxerxebdnen wamoWrili konfliqtis<br />
mogvarebas da moswavleebs Soris daZabuloba ar ganeldeboda, maSin<br />
maT, sasurvelia, direqtorisTvisac ecnobebinaT es faqti. situaciis<br />
gaanalizebisa da Sefasebis Semdeg, Tu maswavlebeli da direqcia saWirod<br />
CaTvlian, rekomendebulia mSoblebis informireba.<br />
skolis SinaganawesSi unda arsebobdes punqti, romelic daaregulirebs<br />
msgavs upasuxismgeblo qmedebas maswavleblis mxridan. klasis<br />
mitoveba konfliqtur situaciaSi ganxiluli unda iqnas, rogorc profesiuli<br />
upasuxismgebloba.<br />
59
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
60
situacia #15<br />
maswavlebeli gviambobs: `dasvenebaze fanjarasTan mdgom Cafiqrebul<br />
xandazmul maswavlebels gogonam yurze mobiluri miado: `naxeT, masw,<br />
ra magari musikaa...~ Secbunebulma maswavlebelma moswavles sila gaawna.~<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavlebelma moswavles Sesvenebaze yvelas TandaswrebiT xeli<br />
gaartya. amiT man miayena moswavles ara marto fizikuri, aramed moraluri<br />
Seuracxyofa, rac yovlad miuRebeli saqcielia.<br />
aseTia mdgomareoba erTi SexedviT, magram warmovidginoT xandazmuli<br />
adamiani, romelic TavisTvis Cafiqrebuli dgas da am dros yurTan<br />
gamayruebeli xmauris wyaro Cndeba. maswavleblis saqcieli SeiZleba<br />
mivaweroT moulodnel gamRizianebelze uneblie, avtomatur reaqciaTa<br />
rigs.<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
sagangebod unda gaesvas xazi moswavlis araeTikur qcevas. gogona<br />
maswavlebels yurze adebs mobilur telefons. rogorc Cans, bavSvs ar<br />
aqvs pativiscema ufrosebis mimarT, igi zedmet familarobas iCens maswavleblisadmi<br />
da ar icnobs skolaSi da maswavlebelTan moqcevis wesebs.<br />
am detalebiT SeiZleba maswavleblis qcevis axsna (da ara gamarTleba),<br />
magram faqti erTia: gogona bevri bavSvis TandaswrebiT Seuracxyves,<br />
rac mas travmas miayenebda da Tavmoyvareobas Seulaxavda.<br />
61
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
aseT da msgavs situaciaSi moswavle gogonas asakobrivi da socialuri<br />
subordinaciis darRvevasa da uadgilo familarobaze aucileblad<br />
unda mieTiTos. pedagogi unda moepyras bavSvs pativiscemiT, auxnas<br />
Tavisi qcevis mizezi. aseT SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli iqneba misganac sapasuxo<br />
pativiscemis moTxovna. mxolod am SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba daregulirdes<br />
urTierToba orive mxarisaTvis sasargeblod.<br />
62
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
63
situacia #16<br />
maswavleblis monaTxrobi: „mravali wlis pedagogiuri saqmianobis<br />
Semdeg metad uxerxul mdgomareobaSi Camayena erTma uneburad daSvebulma<br />
Secdomam. XI klaseli gogonas mSobeli movida CemTan da mTxova,<br />
misi Svili momemzadebina. kerZo moswavleebis naklebobas arasodes<br />
vuCiodi, amitom sakuTari moswavlis momzadebas veridebodi. mSobeli<br />
ar momeSva: „me sxvas Cems Svils ver vandob, mas Tqveni gamocdileba,<br />
codna, midgoma sWirdeba, Tan aqve cxovrobT da gzaSi dro ar dagvexarjeba.<br />
niSanSi araviTar SeRavaTs ar gTxovT, mxolod codna mieciT mas,<br />
erovnul gamocdebs rom gauZloso.~ bolos da bolos damiyolia. bavSvi<br />
amyva, ukeTesad daiwyo mecadineoba da Sedegi male TvalsaCino gaxda.<br />
samwuxarod, SevamCnie, rom misi Tanaklaselebis Cemdami damokidebuleba<br />
Seicvala, TiTqos is ndoba, ridi da pativiscema gaqra. aman Cemze Zalian<br />
imoqmeda, magram ra meqna, am gogonasac ver vuRalatebdi, radgan<br />
misi momzadeba daviwye, Sua gzaze ver mivatovebdi.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
sakuTari moswavlis kerZod momzadeba zogadad problemuri sakiTxia<br />
da aseTi eTikuri dilemis winaSe bevri maswavlebeli dgas. mocemul situaciaSi<br />
maswavlebeli gulwrfelia, roca ambobs, rom moswavleebis damokidebulebis<br />
Secvlam masze „Zalian imoqmeda~, magram pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba<br />
ar aZlevs uflebas, Sua gzaze miatovos gogona: „ra meqna, am gogonasac ver<br />
vuRalatebdi, radgan misi momzadeba daviwye, Sua gzaze ver mivatovebdi.~<br />
iqmneba situacia, romelSic maswavlebelma optimaluri gadawyvetileba<br />
unda miiRos...<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
situaciis mixedviT, maswavleblis metad saintereso saxe ixateba: „es<br />
aris sakuTar kompetenciaSi darwmunebuli pedagogi da, rogorc Cans, es<br />
realur safuZvels ar aris moklebuli. mSoblis sityvebi adasturebs am<br />
64
faqts: me sxvas Cems Svils ver vandob, mas Tqveni gamocdileba, codna,<br />
midgoma sWirdeba...~ igi ndobas ucxadebs maswavleblis kompetencias da<br />
Svilis momzadebaze iTanxmebs.<br />
gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, savaraudod, pedagogze zegavlena iqonia<br />
Semdegma faqtorebma. kerZod:<br />
upirveles yovlisa, man es gadawyvetileba miiRo bavSvis interesebidan<br />
gamomdinare. rogorc Cans, moswavlisaTvis marTlac Zalian mosaxerxebeli<br />
iyo masTan momzadeba, radgan is axlos cxovrobda maswavlebelTan;<br />
sxva pedagogebTan SedarebiT, man ukeTesad icoda am moswavlis saWiroebebi;<br />
bavSvis Zlieri da susti mxarebis codna da gaTvaliswineba,<br />
bunebrivia, mas xels Seuwyobda swavlebaSi;<br />
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom mSobeli momzadebas ar sTxovda maswavlebels<br />
imis gamo, rom mas ukeTesi niSnebi daewera misTvis.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maswavlebeli Tavis qmedebas mainc Secdomad aRiarebs: „...metad uxerxul<br />
mdgomareobaSi Camayena erTma uneburad daSvebulma Secdomam...~ da<br />
marTebuladac. klasis moswavleebis damokidebuleba, savaraudod, Seicvala<br />
imis gamo, rom maT SeamCnies is sxvaoba codnaSi, romelic maTsa da am<br />
gogonas Soris iqneboda (bunebrivia, kerZod momzadeba, sadac bavSvs eTmoba<br />
didi dro, yuradReba, sadac gakveTili mTlianad ergeba mis moTxovnebsa<br />
da saWiroebebs, SesamCnev Sedegebs moitanda). maswavleblis arcTu eTikuri<br />
gadawyvetilebis gamo misi klasis moswavleebi araTanabar pirobebSi<br />
aRmoCndnen, amitom bunebrivia maTi reaqcia. moswavleebma dakarges ndoba,<br />
ridi da pativiscema, romelic adre hqondaT pedagogis mimarT.<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom Znelia dawyebuli saqmis Sua gzaSi mitoveba, miT<br />
umetes, Tu es exeba bavSvs, maswavlebelma mainc unda Tqvas uari sakuTari<br />
moswavlis repetitorobaze. man unda auxsnas mSobels, rom amgvari gadawyvetileba<br />
bavSvze zrunviTaa nakarnaxevi. amiT is gogonas klaselebTan<br />
urTierTobis garTulebas aaridebs. mecadineobis Sewyveta sxva moswavleebis<br />
interesebsac daicavs. maT ar eqnebaT socialuri usamarTlobisa<br />
da imis gancda, rom maswavlebeli mikerZoebulia romelime konkretuli<br />
moswavlis mimarT. pedagogma, sasurvelia, meti Zalisxmeva gamoiCinos am<br />
klasTan muSaobisas, individualurad miudges moswavleebs, raTa mkveTri<br />
sxvaoba maTi codnis donis TvalsazrisiT SeZlebisdagvarad aRmoifxvras.<br />
65
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
66
situacia #17<br />
moswavle mogviTxrobs: „Cems klasSi swavlobs biWi, romelsac aqvs<br />
gansxvavebuli varcxniloba da acvia gansxvavebulad. arc erT maswavlebels<br />
ar moswons misi Cacmuloba da varcxniloba. bevrjer sTxoves,<br />
rom skolaSi ase aRar mosuliyo, magram giorgis araferi Seucvlia. erTi<br />
kviris win qimiis maswavlebelma mas mTeli klasis winaSe uyvira: „ras<br />
hgavxar, rogor gacvia, saxlidan ase rogor giSveben?..~ razec giorgim<br />
upasuxa, rom is Caicvamda ise, rogorc mas moswons. maswavlebeli didxans<br />
lanZRavda „axlandel Taobasa da axlandel bavSvebs.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
situaciidan CvenTvis ucnobia, Tu ras gulisxmobda Tavisi Tanaklaselis<br />
Sesaxeb naTqvam frazaSi mTxrobeli moswavle: „biWi, romelsac<br />
aqvs gansxvavebuli varcxniloba da acvia gansxvavebulad.~ es fraza rom<br />
maswavleblis mier iyos naTqvami, SeiZleba CagveTvala, rom moswavle<br />
icvams Tavisi asakisTvis damaxasiaTebeli gamomwvevi stiliTa da gamiznulad<br />
xazgasmuli daudevrobiT, rac miuRebelia ufrosi Taobisa-<br />
Tvis. magram giorgis Cacmulobisa da varcxnilobis gansxvavebulobaze<br />
laparakobs misive Tanaklaseli da Tanatoli. rogorc Cans, biWis garegnuli<br />
ieri misTvisac uCveuloa da gansxvavdeba sxva Tanatolebis varcxnilobisa<br />
da Cacmulobisagan.<br />
amaze isic metyvelebs, rom yvela maswavlebeli maincdamainc giorgis<br />
garegnuli saxis mimarT gamoTqvams ukmayofilebas, zogierTi ki<br />
aSkarad avlens agresias, rogorc aRweril situaciaSi qimiis maswavlebeli.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
Cven zustad ar viciT, riT aris gansxvavebuli giorgis Cacmuloba da<br />
varcxniloba: Seesabameba Tu ara mis asaks, sqess, elementaruli eTikis<br />
normebs. Tu giorgis tansacmlisa da varcxnilobis gansxvavebuloba<br />
67
ar ewinaaRmdegeba skolis SinaganwesiT dadgenil wesebs, maSin giorgis<br />
pedagogebi da, kerZod, qimiis maswavlebeli ar utoveben mas Tavisufali<br />
arCevanis saSualebas, rac moswavlis pirovnuli uflebaa. bavSvebis<br />
gamomwvevi garegnuli ieri, maTi Cacmuloba SesaZloa iyos protestis<br />
niSani, sakuTari individualobis xazgasma, msoflmxedvelobrivi<br />
kuTvnilebis gamoZaxili. maswavlebeli rom dainteresebuliyo imiT, Tu<br />
ra ganapirobebda giorgis gamorCeulobis survils, gulisyuriT moesmina<br />
moswavlis azri, Seeqmna gulwrfelobisa da gulaxdilobis atmosfero,<br />
SesaZloa, konfliqturi situacia ar warmoqmniliyo.<br />
moswavle gviambobs, rom maswavlebeli didxans lanZRavda axlandel<br />
Taobas. amiT pedagogma kidev ufro daZaba situacia. ganazogada<br />
ra konkretuli moswavlis qceva, sxva moswavleebis ukmayofilebac gamoiwvia,<br />
razec es monaTxrobi metyvelebs. amasTan man aramiznobrivad<br />
gamoiyena gakveTilisaTvis gankuTvnili dro.<br />
68
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavlebeli unda icnobdes im Taobis interesebsa da gemovnebas,<br />
romelsac ekuTvnian misi moswavleebi, raTa SeZlos am interesebis<br />
gaTvaliswineba swavlebasa da urTierTobebSi.<br />
Tu giorgis Cacmuloba da varcxniloba saSiSroebas uqmnis saswavlo<br />
procesis msvlelobas, maswavlebelma, pirvel rigSi, unda gaarkvios, ra<br />
safuZveli aqvs moswavlis gansxvavebul garegnobas. amisaTvis man unda<br />
scados bavSvTan pirispir gulaxdili da gulwrfeli saubari. moswavlesTan<br />
dialogi da gulaxdili saubari ki mxolod maSin aris SesaZlebeli,<br />
roca is xedavs, rom mis azrebs seriozulad ekidebian da mis<br />
interesebs iTvaliswineben.<br />
Tu maswavlebeli amowuravs moswavlesTan TanamSromlobis yvela<br />
gzas, sasurvelia, am problemis gadaWra moswavlis mSoblebTan urTier-<br />
TobiT scados. Tu skolis SinaganawesSi ar aris punqti moswavleTa Cacmulobaze,<br />
maSin sasurvelia, pedagogma rekomendaciiT mimarTos sko lis<br />
direqcias SinaganawesSi Sesabamisi punqtis Setanis Taobaze.<br />
zogadad, mizanSewonilia, rom maswavlebelma ar gaamaxvilos<br />
yuradReba da ukomentarod datovos gakveTilis msvlelobisas gansxvavebulad<br />
Cacmuli moswavle, radgan zogjer moswavleTa ucnaur<br />
an daudevar Cacmulobasa da varcxnilobas swored ufrosTa mxridan<br />
yuradRebis miqcevis an maTi gamowvevis survili ganapirobebs.<br />
69
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
70
situacia #18<br />
maswavlebeli gviambobs: „erT-erT skolaSi dawyebiTi klasis maswavlebeli<br />
yovel saswavlo dRes iwyebda locviT. ramdenime xnis Semdeg erTerTi<br />
bavSvi mivida masTan da gaumxila, rom sxva aRmsareblobisaa da misi<br />
rwmena krZalavs qristianul locvas. maswavlebelma gamosavali monaxa:<br />
locvis dawyebisas moswavle unda gasuliyo gareT da Semosuliyo misi<br />
dasrulebis Semdeg. ramdenime dRis Semdeg Tanaklaselebs uCveulod<br />
moeCvenaT es da bavSvs dacinva dauwyes, man ki dedasTan daiCivla. mSobeli<br />
movida pedagogTan da sTxova, iqneb raime sxva gamosavali moeZebnaT,<br />
mis Svils daCagrulad rom ar egrZno Tavi. maswavlebelma miugo:<br />
„klasSi ocdaaTi moswavle mizis. yvelas mSobeli kmayofilia, locviT<br />
rom viwyeb gakveTils. mec imas vakeTeb, riTac didi umravlesobaa kmayofili.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
situaciis mixedviT ar Cans, es „erT-erTi skola~ kerZoa Tu sajaro,<br />
arada, amisi codna aucilebelia maswavleblis saqcielis obieqturad<br />
SefasebisTvis. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb ambobs, rom „saxelmwifo<br />
uzrunvelyofs sajaro skolis damoukideblobas religiuri da<br />
politikuri gaerTianebebisagan. xolo kerZo skolis damoukideblobas<br />
politikuri gaerTianebebisagan.~ („kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ ,<br />
muxli 3).<br />
aRweril SemTxvevaSi pedagogi aramarTebulad iqceva, radgan gakve-<br />
TilisaTvis gankuTvnil dros ar iyenebs mxolod saswavlo miznebisa-<br />
Tvis. erToblivi locva win ki ar uZRvis gakveTils, aramed ikavebs<br />
uSualod gakveTilisTvis gansazRvruli drois nawils.<br />
locvis rituali sagakveTilo procesSi rom ar Semdgariyo, Sesa-<br />
Zloa, konfliqturi situacia arc Seqmniliyo. erTi aRmsareblobis<br />
bavSvebi erTad ilocebdnen gakveTilis win da ara saklaso oTaxSi. Sesabamisad,<br />
locvaSi monawileoba-armonawileoba ar gaxdeboda TanaklaselTa<br />
dapirispirebis safuZveli.<br />
maswavlebeli valdebulia, gamoiCinos Tanabari yuradReba yvela<br />
moswavlis mimarT, ganurCevlad maTi socialuri, eTnikuri Tu religiuri<br />
kuTvnilebisa. aRweril situaciaSi ki, imis gamo, rom sxva aRm-<br />
71
sareblobisaa, bavSvi gakveTilis garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi sruliad<br />
uyuradRebod rCeba.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavleblis qmedebam ganapiroba is, rom Tanaklaselebma bavSvi aRiqves,<br />
rogorc maTgan gansxvavebuli. moswavleTa gamijvniT, Tundac dilis<br />
erToblivi locvisas, maswavlebeli faqtobrivad ayalibebs mcirewlovan<br />
bavSvebSi Tavisianisa da ucxos gancdas, romelic xelisSemSlel<br />
faqtorad SeiZleba iqces moswavleebSi samoqalaqo RirebulebaTa, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, tolerantobis Camoyalibebisas.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
Tu maswavleblis survilia, rom ilocos saswavlo dRis dasawyisSi<br />
Tavisi klasis moswavleebTan erTad, mas SeuZlia SesTavazos moswavleebs,<br />
mividnen skolaSi gakveTilebis dawyebamde ramdenime wuTiT adre da<br />
ilocon masTan erTad. skolaSi adre mivlen is moswavleebi, romlebsac<br />
marTlac aqvT maswavlebelTan erTad locvis survili. amgvarad, pedagogi<br />
arasagakveTilo aqtivobisaTvis ar gamoiyenebs gakveTilisaTvis<br />
gankuTvnil dros, sxva aRmsareblobis bavSvi ki ar darCeba umeTvalyureod.<br />
es SemTxveva kargi saSualebaa saimisod, raTa maswavlebelma auxsnas<br />
bavSvebs, rom arsebobs sxvadasxva religiuri mimdinareoba da, Sesabamisad,<br />
arseboben sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis adamianebi. yvela adamiani<br />
valdebulia, pativiscemiT moepyras sxva religiis warmomadgenlebs.<br />
maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs magaliTad mouyvanos saqarTvelos<br />
erT-erTi udidesi mefe daviT aRmaSenebeli da misi damokidebuleba<br />
sxva religiebisa da maTi mimdevrebis mimarT.<br />
72
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
73
situacia #19<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „Zalian mwydeba guli imaze, rom bevri maswavlebeli<br />
bavSvs afasebs da eqceva imis mixedviT, Tu rogori ekonomiuri SesaZlebloba<br />
aqvs mis ojaxs. es Cems Tavze gamovcade. erT-erT saganSi momzadeba<br />
daviwye. kerZo maswavlebliT mec da Cemi ojaxic Zalian kmayofilebi<br />
viyaviT, magram sagnis pedagogs ar moswonda Cemi codnis done da dabal<br />
niSans miwerda. mdgomareobis gasarkvevad skolaSi deda movida. maswavlebelma<br />
mas pirdapir uTxra, rom sanam masTan ar movemzadebodi, maRal<br />
niSans ar damiwerda. mec mindoda am pedagogTan momzadeba, magram Zalian<br />
Zviri dagvifasa da ver SevZeliT. miuxedavad Cemi mondomebisa, am<br />
saganSi dRemde Zalian dabali niSnebi myavs.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
es situacia ganekuTvneba im iSviaT SemTxvevaTagans, rodesac maswavleblis<br />
qmedebaSi Znelia monaxo raime dadebiTi. pedagogi aiZulebs<br />
moswavles, masTan moemzados da amis sanacvlod moiTxovs anazRaurebas.<br />
rogorc bavSvi gviambobs, mSobelTan saubrisas maswavlebelma mas<br />
pirdapir uTxra, rom sanam masTan ar moemzadeboda, maRal niSans ar<br />
dauwerda. sagnis niSniT manipulirebis ufleba maswavlebels ar aqvs,<br />
radgan niSani mxolod moswavlis akademiur moswrebas unda asaxavdes:<br />
„sagnis niSani gamoxatavs moswavlis akademiur moswrebas.~ (erovnuli<br />
saswavlo gegma, 2009-2010, gv.15).<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
yvela pedagogisaTvis udavo WeSmariteba unda iyos, rom moswavlisadmi<br />
mis damokidebulebaze ar unda imoqmedos bavSvis socialurma<br />
mdgomareobam . es bavSvisTvis mouSuSebel tkivilad SeiZleba darCes.<br />
aRweril situaciaSi aSkaraa, rom moswavle Tavisi ojaxis ekonomiuri<br />
mdgomareobis gamo Tavs daCagrulad grZnobs. maswavlebeli mis mimarT<br />
74
aSkarad tendenciuria da upiratesobas aniWebs im moswavleebs, romlebic<br />
masTan emzadebian, anu visac ukeTesi materialuri mdgomareoba<br />
aqvs.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
am SemTxvevaSi ara marto situaciaSi aRweril maswavlebels , aramed<br />
yvelas vurCevT, rom pedagogi Tanabrad moepyras yvela moswavles, ganurCevlad<br />
maTi ojaxebis ekonomiuri SesaZleblobisa; Tavidan airidos<br />
sakuTari moswavleebis kerZod momzadeba;<br />
ar gamoiyenos niSani moswavleebsa da maT mSoblebze zewolis saSualebad.<br />
75
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
76
situacia #20<br />
maswavlebeli mogviTxrobs: „II klasSi bevri azerbaijaneli moswavlea.<br />
imis gamo, rom maT qarTuli ena ar ician, meCagrebian qarTveli bavSvebi.<br />
mTel dros gakveTilze TiTqmis maT vuTmob, rom rogorme qarTuli ena<br />
vaswavlo. Sedegs mainc ver vaRwev, radgan azerbaijaneli bavSvebi enis<br />
arcodnis gamo qarTvelebTan naklebad urTierToben. sul erTad arian<br />
da erTmaneTSi mSobliur enaze saubroben. Sevecade, bavSvebi gamecalkevebina.<br />
jer TiToeuli maTgani qarTveli bavSvis gverdiT davsvi.<br />
mere gadavwyvite, erTmaneTTan azerbaijanulad laparaki amekrZala.<br />
momivarda erTi mSobeli da sayvedurebiT amavso: vin mogca ufleba,<br />
bavSvs mSobliur enaze saubars rom ukrZalavo. maSin nu Semoiyvandi<br />
qarTul skolaSi-meTqi, vupasuxe. ukmayofilo da ganawyenebuli darCa.<br />
me ra vqna, rogor moviqce? ~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
saxelmwifo valdebulia, Tavis yvela moqalaqes, ganurCevlad rasobrivi,<br />
eTnikuri, religiuri, enobrivi da a.S. kuTvnilebisa, misces<br />
qveynis socialur-politikur, ekonomikur da kulturul cxovrebaSi<br />
srulfasovani integrirebis Tanabari Sansi. saxelmwifo enis srulyofili<br />
codna ki amis garants warmoadgens. rogorc Cans, es esmis pedagogs,<br />
mas unda erTnairad gaunawilos Tavisi yuradReba rogorc qar-<br />
Tvel, ise azerbaijanel bavSvebs, magram wuxs swored imis gamo, rom amas<br />
ver axerxebs.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
pedagogi Seecada, rogorme gadaeWra problema. misi gadawyvetileba,<br />
rom azerbaijanulenovani moswavle qarTulenovanis gverdiT daesva,<br />
marTebulia. bavSvs aRar eqneboda Tavis mSobliur enaze gadalaparakebis<br />
saSualeba. es xels Seuwyobda komunikacias qarTul enaze, sabolood<br />
77
ki mis ukeT Seswavlas (enis aTvisebis erT-erTi yvelaze efeqturi gza<br />
am enaze molaparake TanatolebTan intensiuri urTierTobaa). rogorc<br />
Cans, maswavlebeli imedovnebs, rom amgvari xerxiT is ufro daaaxlovebs<br />
bavSvebs da maTi urTierToba arasagakveTilo drosac qarTul enaze<br />
gagrZeldeba. problemis mogvarebis es gza garkveul dros saWiroebs.<br />
maswavlebeli Sedegs maSinve ver dainaxavda. rogorc Cans, imis gamo,<br />
rom efeqti myisierad ver miiRo, pedagogma es midgoma fuWad CaTvala.<br />
maswavleblis gancxadebiT: „II klasSi...…bevri azerbaijaneli moswavlea.<br />
imis gamo, rom maT qarTuli ena ar ician, meCagrebian qarTveli bavSvebi.~<br />
aranairi mniSvneloba ara aqvs im faqts, Tu visi daCagvra, anu diskriminacia,<br />
xdeba gakveTilze _ qarTveli Tu azerbaijaneli bavSvis, mTavari<br />
is aris, rom klasSi viRac iCagreba. kargia, rom amas maswavlebeli Tavad<br />
aRiarebs, magram igi ver poulobs problemis gadaWris gzebs.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
situaciis Tanaxmad, meoreklaseli azerbaijaneli bavSvebi qarTuli<br />
enis arcodnis gamo qarTvel TanaklaselebTan naklebad urTierToben.<br />
isini erTmaneTSi mxolod mSobliur enaze saubroben. maTTvis es<br />
ufro mosaxerxebelia da amitom cdiloben sul erTad yofnas. azerbaijanel<br />
moswavleebs, enis Seswavlisas, xelis SemSleli faqtorebisagan<br />
Tavis daRwevaSi profesionali maswavlebeli unda daexmaros, romelsac<br />
SeuZlia individualuri midgoma da flobs enis intensiuri swavlebis<br />
meTodebs, „icnobs multikulturul da multilingvur midgomebsa<br />
da principebs da iyenebs maT swavlebis dagegmvisa da ganxorcielebis<br />
procesSi;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7). samwuxarod,<br />
am konkretul SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli problemis gadaWris araswor<br />
gzas irCevs. („gadavwyvite, erTmaneTTan azerbaijanulad laparaki amekrZala~).<br />
bunebrivia, rom mSobeli gaaRiziana mSobliur enaze laparakis<br />
akrZalvam. amiT aixsneba mSoblis reaqcia da pretenziebi. mSobliur<br />
enaze laparakis akrZalvis nacvlad maswavlebels iseTi saklaso da arasaklaso<br />
aqtivobebi unda daegegma (magaliTad, speqtakli qarTulad,<br />
roluri TamaSebi, situaciuri amocanebi da a.S.), romlebic waaxalisebda<br />
bavSvebs, gaaumjobesebda maT qarTul enaze metyvelebas. aseve, sasurveli<br />
iqneboda, maswavlebels, qarTveli da azerbaijaneli mSoblebis<br />
daaxloebis mizniT, moewvia mSobelTa kreba da problema maTTan erTad<br />
78
ganexila. savaraudod, orive mxare gamoTqvamda problemis gadaWris<br />
survils, radgan amaSi isini TavianTi interesebis srul Tanxvedras<br />
dainaxavdnen.<br />
pedagogs unda aexsna mSoblisaTvis, rom igi mis Svils saerTod ki<br />
ar ukrZalavs azerbaijanulad laparaks, aramed mxolod gakveTilze.<br />
unda daesabuTebina, rom es gadawyvetileba bavSvisTvis aris sasargeblo,<br />
radgan enis Seswavlis erT-erTi saukeTeso gza TanatolebTan am<br />
enaze urTierTobaa. amasTan, pirvel rigSi, mas moswavlisaTvis unda<br />
aexsna, Tu ratom iqneboda maTTvis ukeTesi skolaSi qarTulad komunikacia.<br />
enis swavlebis efeqturi gzebis ZebnaSi maswavlebels mSoblisaTvis<br />
unda eTxova saswavlo miznebis miRwevaSi daxmareba, gamoeCina<br />
Tavazianoba da mSobelTan TanamSromlobis mzaoba.<br />
79
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
80
situacia #21<br />
maswavlebeli gviambobs: „skola didi RonisZiebisTvis emzadeboda. mzadebas<br />
saTaveSi edga ucxouri enis maswavlebeli. mTeli eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi<br />
igi Tavdauzogavad Sromobda, gamoiyena skolaSi arsebuli<br />
yvela resursi: moswavleebTan erTad dawera scenari, musikis pedagog-<br />
Tan erTad SearCia musikaluri foni, atarebda repeticiebs, gamoyenebi-<br />
Ti xelovnebis maswavlebeli daixmara kostiumebis Sesakerad. araCveulebrivi<br />
speqtakli gamovida. masze mowveuli iyvnen mSoblebi, mezobeli<br />
skolis moswavleebi da maswavleblebi, raionis xelmZRvaneloba,<br />
sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebi. daiwyo warmodgena da scenaze erT-er-<br />
Ti gogona kostiumis nacvlad Cveulebrivi tansacmliT gamovida, ramac<br />
sruli disonansi Seitana warmodgenaSi. speqtaklis Semdeg, rodesac<br />
stumrebi daiSalnen, maswavlebelma Tavi ver Seikava da moswavleebisa<br />
da mSoblebis Tvalwin galanZRa gogona, fizikuradac Seexo: Tmebi moqaCa.<br />
bavSvi Tavs imarTlebda, rom daagvianda da ver moaswro tansacmlis<br />
gamocvla. maswavlebelma ar miiRo moswavlis axsna-ganmarteba da<br />
ganagrZobda mis lanZRvas. pedagogis saqcielma gaabraza mSoblebi. man<br />
skolis direqtorisaganac miiRo sayveduri.“<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
skolisaTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania kargad dagegmili klasgareSe<br />
saqmianoba, sxvadasxva RonisZieba, romelic uzrunvelyofs skolis<br />
moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis SemoqmedebiTi potencialis gamovlenas,<br />
bavSvebisa da pedagogebis TanamSromlobiTi urTierTobebis gaRrmavebas.<br />
aRwerili situaciidan Cans, rom ucxouri enis maswavlebeli<br />
didi xnis ganmavlobaSi Tavdauzogavad Sromobda. man gamoavlina organizatoruli<br />
niWi, TanamSromlobis unari. maswavlebelma RonisZiebis<br />
samzadisSi CarTo moswavleebi da isini aqcia am didi dResaswaulis ara<br />
ubralo monawileebad, aramed namdvil Tanaavtorebad: man moswavleebTan<br />
erTad dawera scenari, warmatebiT iTanamSromla Tavis kolegebTan,<br />
musikisa da gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis pedagogebTan da xeli Seuwyo<br />
skolis potencialis warmoCenas. pedagogis mier skolis rogorc adamianuri,<br />
aseve materialuri resursebis mizanmimarTuli gamoyeneba Seesabameba<br />
maswavleblis profesiul standarts: pedagogma „icis <strong>saskolo</strong><br />
81
sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan produqtiuli TanamSromlobis me-<br />
Todebi.“ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.10)<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
bunebrivia, pedagogs surda, rom misi, misi kolegebisa da moswavleebis<br />
Sromis nayofi rac SeiZleba efeqturi yofiliyo. erTi bavSvis,<br />
SesaZloa, upasuxismgeblo saqcielis gamo ki CaTvala, rom mTeli Sroma<br />
wyalSi Caiyara. man ver SeZlo simSvidis SenarCuneba da Seuracxyofa miayena<br />
moswavles, riTac, faqtobrivad, fasi daukarga eqvsTviani SromiT<br />
miRweul warmatebas, dResaswauls ki _ xalisi da, madlobis nacvlad,<br />
skolis xelmZRvanelobisa da mSoblebis sayveduri daimsaxura.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom maswavlebelma gogonas Tavis marTlebis saSualeba<br />
ar misca. SesaZloa, bavSvs upasuxismgeblobis gamo ar daugvianebia<br />
da hqonda sapatio mizezi. am RonisZiebis monawile Tavadac iyo<br />
da, savaraudod, masac aranakleb daswydeboda guli. maswavlebelma ki<br />
mizezis axsnac ar acala da sajarod miayena Seuracxyofa da fizikuradac<br />
ki Seexo mas.<br />
pedagogma problemur situaciaSi ver SeZlo gamklaveboda sakuTar<br />
emociebs, riTac Crdili miayena sakuTar da skolis reputacias. yvelasTvis<br />
gasagebia, rom am konkretul situaciaSi Zneli, magram aucilebeli<br />
iyo, rom maswavlebels Tavi Seekavebina. arc erT situaciaSi<br />
ar aris pedagogiurad gamarTlebuli maswavleblisagan moswavlis sityvieri,<br />
fizikuri an sxva saxis Seuracxyofa.<br />
82
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
83
situacia #22<br />
mSobeli gviambobs: „Cems Svils jer kidev baRis asakSi SevamCnie, rom<br />
marcxena xels ufro moxerxebulad xmarobs, vidre marjvenas. aravi-<br />
Tari problema ar Semiqmnia amis gamo arc bavSvisTvis da arc sakuTari<br />
TavisTvis. bavSvma im xeliT weros, romliTac exerxeba. rodesac Cemi<br />
Svili skolaSi miviyvane, maswavlebelma daiwyo „muSaoba“, rom bavSvs<br />
marjvena xeliT daewyo werac da xatvac. amis Sesaxeb me araferi vicodi.<br />
erTxel, roca Svils vamecadinebdi, is atirda. mizezi vkiTxe, man ki mipasuxa,<br />
rom mis klasSi yvela marjvena xeliT wers da ar unda, rom bavSvebma<br />
da maswavlebelma cacia dauZaxon.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavlebelma scada bavSvisaTvis marjvena xeliT wera eswavlebina.<br />
savaraudoa, rom mas keTili ganzraxva amoZravebda. marcxena xeliT wera<br />
mouxerxebelia: xeli efareba nawer striqons an zemoT daweril nimuSs<br />
(Tu bavSvs zeda striqonidan gadaweras sTxoven). garda amisa, rogorc<br />
wesi, marcxena xeliT weris gadaCvevis erT-erTi motivia is, rom bavSvi<br />
danarCeni moswavleebisagan ar gamoirCeodes. adamianebs xSirad uWirT<br />
maTgan gansxvavebulis miReba. rogorc situaciidan Cans, moswavles<br />
klasSi maswavlebeli da klaselebi cacias eZaxian da amiT xazs usvamen<br />
mis gansxvavebulobas, rasac bavSvi mtkivneulad ganicdis.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
pedagogs ar aRmoaCnda unari, bavSvis am individualur TaviseburebasTan<br />
Seeguebina klasi. situaciis Tanaxmad, mSoblisTvis es faqti<br />
mxolod mas Semdeg gaxda cnobili, roca erTxel, mecadineobisas, bavSvma<br />
tirili daiwyo. mSobels imis Sesaxeb, rom mis Svils caciobis gamo<br />
skolaSi problemebi hqonda, unda Seetyo ara Svilisgan, aramed maswavleblisgan.<br />
cacia bavSvis mSobelTan TanamSromloba da misi poziciis<br />
gaTvaliswineba (“bavSvma im xeliT weros, romliTac exerxeba”) moxsnida<br />
problemas orive mxarisaTvis.<br />
84
fsiqologi:<br />
marcxena xelis Tandayolili upiratesoba marjvenasTan SedarebiT<br />
aris ara adamianis fizikuri nakli, aramed misi individualuri Tavisebureba.<br />
am TaviseburebaTa gacnobiereba da gaTvaliswineba swavlebis<br />
procesSi maswavleblis movaleobad aris miCneuli, calsaxad unda iTqvas,<br />
rom sakuTriv moswavlis swavlaze misi es individualuri Tavisebureba<br />
aranair gavlenas ar axdens, arc weris xarisxze ar aisaxeba da, Cveulebriv,<br />
mxolod dawyebiTi klasis maswavlebels uqmnis xolme garkveul<br />
diskomforts. es profesional maswavlebels ar aZlevs imis safuZvels,<br />
rom aiZulos cacia moswavle marjvena xeliT weros.<br />
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom mocemul situaciaSi maswavlebeli, romelsac<br />
`kargi surs~ bavSvisaTvis, moswavles ufro did sirTuleebs uqmnis. Tu<br />
moswavlisTvis marcxena xeliT weraa bunebrivi, xelovnurad amis Secvlam,<br />
SesaZloa, bavSvis emociuri da fsiqikuri problemebi gamoiwvios.<br />
pedagogs vurCevdiT, am da msgavs situaciebSi miiRos rCeva fsiqologisagan.<br />
ar aukrZalos bavSvs marcxena xeliT wera. auxsnas moswavleebs,<br />
rom isini gagebiT moekidon Tanaklaselis gansxvavebulobas, xeli<br />
Seuwyos klasSi tolerantuli atmosferos Camoyalibebas; mouyvanos<br />
magaliTebad is cnobili adamianebi, romlebic marcxena xeliT werdnen<br />
(meoce saukunis udidesi fizikosi da mecnieri - albert ainStaini, didi<br />
germaneli poeti - iohan volfgang goeTe, ingliseli momRerali - pol<br />
makartni, maikrosoftis damfuZnebeli bil geiTsi da sxva..).<br />
85
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
86
situacia #23<br />
moswavle mogviTxrobs: „erTxel gakveTilze uadgilod vixumre.<br />
maswavlebeli dafisken rom mitrialda, qaRaldisgan gakeTebuli TviTmfrinavi<br />
vesrole. bavSvebma sicili atexes, maswavlebelma Seuracxyofilad<br />
igrZno Tavi da klasidan gamagdo. patieba vTxove. man ar miiRo<br />
Cemi bodiSi da amikrZala gakveTilze daswreba. saqmeSi Caerivnen Cemi<br />
damrigebeli, saswavlo nawili, direqtori, magram maswavlebelma ukan<br />
ar daixia. Cemi azriT, konfliqti unda amowuruliyo, radgan vinane Cemi<br />
saqcieli da movixade bodiSi.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
moswavlem qaRaldis TviTmfrinavi ubralod (umisamarTod) ki ar<br />
isrola klasSi an Tanaklaselisaken ki ar mimarTa, aramed uSualod<br />
maswavlebels esrola da klasmac amitom atexa sicili. cxadia, maswavleblisaTvis<br />
Seuracxmyofeli da gulsatkenia moswavlis amgvari qmedeba,<br />
misi dauyovnebeli reaqcia bunebrivia, man daicva Tavisi pirovnuli<br />
Rirseba da sajaro Seuracxyofa reagirebis gareSe ar datova, Tumca<br />
mas Semdeg, rac moswavlem aRiara Tavisi Secdoma da bodiSi moixada,<br />
vfiqrob, maswavlebels igi unda daeSva gakveTilze.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
pedagogi aSkarad ver axerxebs am konfliqturi situaciis uemociod,<br />
mSvidad gaanalizebas, ar usmens moswavles (da Sesabamisad, verc xedavs,<br />
rom is nanobs Tavis saqciels), ar iTvaliswinebs arc kolegebis Suamdgomlobas.<br />
aRsaniSnavia, rom maswavlebeli amgvari araadekvaturi principulobiT<br />
azaralebs bavSvs. is moswavles gakveTilze daswrebis nebas<br />
ar rTavs. Sesabamisad, Tavis saganSi ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobas<br />
arTmevs da amiT ewinaaRmdegeba bavSvis uflebebis konvencias. ganaTlebis<br />
miRebis SesaZlebloba, bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis Tanaxmad, misi<br />
umniSvnelovanesi uflebaa (ix. bavSvis uflebebis konvencia, muxli 27).<br />
87
aRsaniSnavia Semdegic: gakveTils gareT umeTvalyureod darCenili<br />
bavSvis usafrTxoebaze pasuxismgebelia maswavlebeli, rasac igi am<br />
konkretul SemTxvevaSi ar iTvaliswinebs.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
maswavlebelma ver daicva zomiereba da ver SeinarCuna simSvide am<br />
konfliqtur situaciaSi, ramac xeli SeuSala obieqturi da samarTliani<br />
gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi. situaciidan ar Cans, rom moswavles am<br />
saqcieliT maswavleblis pirovnuli Rirsebis Seuracxyofa surda. arc<br />
is Cans, rom misi amgvari saqcieli sistematur xasiaTs atarebda („erTxel“).<br />
moswavle gulwrfelad ambobs, rom ver xvdeba, ratom ar SeiZleba<br />
maswavlebelma konfliqti dasrulebulad CaTvalos: man xom moinania<br />
sakuTari saqcieli da bodiSic moixada.<br />
magram bunebrivia, Cndeba kiTxva: rogor unda moiqces pedagogi<br />
msgavs situaciebSi? maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos Semdegi: aseT<br />
SemTxvevaSi moswavles amoZravebs erTi mizani _ mas surs gamoiwvios<br />
maswavlebeli. raoden Znelic unda iyos, pedagogi ar unda `wamoegos~<br />
moswavlis provokaciaze da Tavdajerebuli simSvidiT gaagrZelos<br />
gakveTili. es imas ar niSnavs, rom moswavlis saqcieli da maswavleblis<br />
Seuracxyofa upasuxod unda darCes. gakveTilis Semdeg maswavlebelma<br />
unda auxsnas moswavles, ratom aris misi saqcieli pedagogisTvis Seuracxmyofeli<br />
da zogadad miuRebeli.<br />
Tu moswavlis saqcieli sagakveTilo process CaSliT emuqreba da<br />
maswavlebeli saWirod CaTvlis moswavlis klasidan gaZevebas, man unda<br />
uzrunvelyos is, rom klasidan gaSvebuli bavSvi derefanSi umeTvalyureod<br />
ar darCes. rodesac moswavle nanobs Tavis saqciels da bodiSs<br />
ixdis, pedagogma didsulovnebis magaliTi unda misces, miiRos bavSvis<br />
bodiSi da miutevos.<br />
ar aris rekomendebuli, maswavlebelma bavSvs didi xniT aukrZalos<br />
gakveTilze daswreba. amasTanave, gakveTilidan gaZeveba SeiZleba<br />
cudi qcevis erT-erTi wamaxalisebelic ki gaxdes iseTi bavSvebisaTvis,<br />
romelTac gakveTilze daswreba ar surT.<br />
88
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
89
situacia #24<br />
moswavle gviambobs: „IX klasSi var. Cemi Tanaklaseli nika axali saswavlo<br />
wlidan sul Seicvala. aRar swavlobs da gakveTilis msvlelobisas<br />
TanaklaselebTan laparakiTa da xmauriT xels uSlis maswavleblebs.<br />
erTxel, rodesac dafasTan gaZaxebulma nikam uari Tqva gakveTilis moyolaze,<br />
radgan mas masala isev ar hqonda naswavli, istoriis pedagogma<br />
klasis winaSe mimarTa damamcirebeli sityvebiT: debilo, unamuso, degenerato<br />
da sxva. nikam ar mouTmina da Seepasuxa: „Tqven SegiZliaT, damiweroT<br />
ra niSanic gindaT, magram ar gaqvT Cemi Seuracxyofis ufleba.~<br />
amisaTvis pedagogma nika klasidan gaagdo.<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavleblis mier moswavlis sityvieri an sxva saxis Seuracxyofa<br />
pedagogiurad araswori qmedebaa. cxadia, rom rTulia maswavleblisa-<br />
Tvis klasis marTva, rodesac moswavle gakveTilis msvlelobas xels<br />
uSlis laparakiT da xmauriT. Tu amas emateba isic, rom is sistematurad<br />
ar amzadebs gakveTilebs, kidev ufro gasagebi xdeba maswavleblis<br />
gaRizianeba. nika arc TviTon swavlobs da maswavlebelsac uSlis xels<br />
imaSi, rom man maqsimalurad gamoiyenos sakuTari energia gakveTilis<br />
efeqtianad warmarTvisaTvis. magram moswavlis Seuracxyofa am situacias<br />
ukeTesobisaken ver Secvlis.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
nikas Tanaklaseli situaciis aRwerisas gviyveba, rom igi mimdinare<br />
semestris ganmavlobaSi aRar swavlobs gakveTilebs, anu adre nika SedarebiT<br />
kargi moswavle iyo. bavSvis akademiuri moswrebis gauareseba<br />
sxvadasxva faqtorma SeiZleba gamoiwvios (konfliqturma situaciebma<br />
ojaxSi, avadmyofobam, bavSvisaTvis araadekvaturad didma datvirTvam<br />
da a. S). Tumca, gardatexis asakSi xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac mozardis<br />
akademiuri moswreba da qceva uaresdeba imis gamo, rom is TviTdam-<br />
90
kvidrebas, Tanatolebis keTilganwyobisa da pativiscemis mopovebas<br />
cdilobs ukve ara kargi swavliT, aramed gamomwvevi qceviT. SesaZloa,<br />
am SemTxvevaSic swored es ganapirobebs moswavlis Secvlas. maRalkvalificiuri<br />
maswavlebeli, romelic `acnobierebs moswavleebis ganviTarebis<br />
asakobriv da individualur Taviseburebebs da maT gavlenas swavlebasa<br />
da swavlaze~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv. 6), iTvalisiwinebs<br />
moswavlis, am SemTxvevaSi nikas, asakobriv an individualur<br />
Taviseburebebs, ar Seuracxyofs moswavles.<br />
aRsaniSnavia kidev erTi faqti _ klasidan gagdeba. nikam maswavleblis<br />
Seuracxyofas SeuracxyofiTve ar upasuxa, mxolod miuTiTa, rom mas moswavlis<br />
galanZRvis ufleba ar hqonda. pedagogi aman kidev ufro gaaRiziana, nikas<br />
replika profesiul Seuracxyofad aRiqva da moswavle klasidan gaagdo.<br />
man ver SeZlo sakuTari emociebis marTva, ver SeinarCuna simSvide.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
mocemuli situaciis analizisas gasaTvaliswinebelia erTi mniSvnelovani<br />
faqti: nika IX klasSia, anu gardatexis asakSi. am asakSi mozards<br />
uZneldeba urTierToba mSoblebTanac da maswavleblebTan. garkveulwilad<br />
swored maswavlebelzea damokidebuli, ramdenad umtkivneulod<br />
Caivlis es asaki.<br />
samwuxarod, aseTi pedagogi, rogoric mocemul situaciaSi gvxvdeba,<br />
ver miscems moswavleebs eTikur Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli qcevis<br />
magaliTs.<br />
maswavleblis mxridan sakmarisi iqneboda moswavlis Sefaseba sa-<br />
Tanado dabali quliT, magram amis nacvlad man mTeli klasis winaSe<br />
Seuracxyofa miayena nikas. udavoa, rom bavSvis Seuracxyofa arc erT<br />
asakSi ar SeiZleba, magram gansakuTrebiT savalalo Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves<br />
am faqts gardatexis asakis mozardisaTvis. isini mwvaved aRiqvamen<br />
nebismier kritikas da, miT umetes, Seuracxyofas.<br />
pedagogs unda ecada, gakveTilis Semdeg nikasTan gulaxdili saubrisas<br />
gaerkvia, ram gamoiwvia misi Secvla; bavSvis interesebis, misi<br />
gatacebebisa da Taviseburebebis ukeT Seswavlis mizniT, moepovebina<br />
rac SeiZleba meti informacia nikas Sesaxeb klasis xelmZRvanelisgan,<br />
mSoblebisagan, eTanamSromla maTTan, raTa erToblivad gamoenaxaT nikas<br />
saswavlo procesSi CarTvis gzebi da saSualebebi.<br />
91
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
92
situacia #25<br />
mSobeli gviambobs: „oTaxSi Sevedi, magram Cemma meaTeklaselma vaJma<br />
verc ki SeamCnia es, ise iyo telefonze laparakiT garTuli. uneburad<br />
gavxdi misi satelefono saubris mowme. igi megobars Tavis maswavlebelze<br />
esaubreboda am asakis mozardisTvis damaxasiaTebeli leqsikiT:<br />
„ra naSaa ici, Wkuidan aiwevi... gaSterebuli vuyureb mTeli gakveTili, vis<br />
aqvs gakveTilis mosmenis Tavi, neta yoveldRe gvqondes misi gakveTili.“<br />
cota SevSfoTdi da gadavwyvite, menaxa maswavlebeli. misma naxvam kidev<br />
ufro SemaSfoTa: Semotmasnil qvedakabaSi da zedmetad dekoltirebul<br />
maisurSi gamowyobili axalgazrda qali naklebad hgavda maswavlebels.<br />
„nuTu direqcia ver amCnevs, maswavlebels ase gamomwvevad rom acvia?“gavifiqre<br />
SeSfoTebulma, Cvens mozardebs kidev es undaT? “<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
pedagogi valdebulia, gaiTvaliswinos moswavleebis ganviTarebis<br />
asakobrivi Taviseburebebi da Tavisi gamomwvevi CacmulobiTa Tu qceviT<br />
ar Seuqmnas maT gakveTilze swavlis damabrkolebeli garemoebebi.<br />
meaTeklasel vaJs eqmneba koncentraciis problemebi, rodesac mis<br />
pedagogs skolisaTvis Seuferebeli samosi acvia.<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
pedagogis Cacmuloba da garegnuli ieri Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />
srulyofili saswavlo procesis warmarTvisaTvis. maswavlebeli arc<br />
metismetad gamopranWuli unda gamocxaddes moswavleebis winaSe da arc<br />
daudevrad Cacmuli unda eCvenos maT. maswavleblis Cacmuloba xels ar<br />
unda uSlides saswavlo process. sasurvelia, rom skolaSi arsebobdes<br />
pedagogebsa da direqcias Soris SeTanxmebuli wesebi maswavleblis<br />
Cacmulobaze da yvela pedagogi emorCilebodes am wesebs.<br />
93
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom am axalgazrda qalbatonis samuSao adgili<br />
skolaa. is samosi, romelic SeiZleba misaRebi iyos sxvagan, xSirad<br />
sruliad Seuferebelia skolisaTvis. swored amas ver iTvaliswinebs<br />
axalgazrda maswavlebeli da Tavisi gamomwvevi CacmulobiT xels<br />
uSlis gakveTilisTvis gankuTvnili drois maqsimalurad efeqturad da<br />
saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoyenebas.<br />
Tu skolis Sinaganawesi ar aregulirebs maswavleblis Cacmis<br />
kulturas, maSin sasurvelia, masSi Sevides Sesabamisi cvlileba. amiT<br />
Tavidan iqneba acilebuli msgavsi SemTxvevebi, xolo Tu SinaganawesSi<br />
Sesabamisi muxli ukve arsebobs, axalgazrda pedagogs mis darRvevaze<br />
unda mieTiTos.<br />
garda amisa, axalgazrda maswavlebeli unda Seecados SeZlebisdagvarad<br />
gaiTvaliswinos mSoblebis Sexedulebebi zogadad maswavleblis<br />
Cacmulobaze, raTa keTilganwyoba da TanamSromlobiTi urTierToba<br />
SeinarCunos maTTan.<br />
94
SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
95
situacia #26<br />
moswavle mogviTxrobs: „zogad biologias maswavlis axalgazrda<br />
maswavlebeli, romelic inglisSi swavlobda da axali Camosulia. is<br />
yvelas Zalian mogvwons; megobrulia, Tbilia. Tavisi sagani kargad<br />
icis da cdilobs, Cvenc gvaswavlos da Segvayvaros. magram me piradad<br />
misi axsnili gakveTilebis gageba Zalian miWirs. is xSirad iyenebs<br />
ucnob terminebs da sityvebs ucxo enidan. marTalia, ufleba mogvca,<br />
rogorc ki romelime sityvas ver gavigebT, maSinve vkiTxoT da isic<br />
safuZvlianad gvixsnis gaugebari sityvis mniSvnelobas, magram mainc<br />
rTulia maswavlebels waramara gaawyvetino saubari da Tan misi axsnili<br />
gaigo da amdeni axali sityva daimaxsovro.“<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
sworad da gamarTulad metyveleba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania<br />
saswavlo procesSi. Tu maswavlebeli arasworad metyvelebs an ucxo<br />
sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs iyenebs gakveTilis msvlelobisas, moswavleebi<br />
maswavleblis naTqvamis did nawils ver gaigeben da, savaraudod, iseve<br />
arasworad imetyveleben, rogorc maTi pedagogi. es eTikurad da pedagogiurad<br />
gaumarTlebelia maswavleblis mxridan. ra enazec mimdinareobs<br />
swavleba skolaSi, im enaze sworad metyveleba daculi unda iqnes<br />
maswavleblebis mier, gansakuTrebiT ki, rodesac saqme exeba qarTul<br />
enas. qarTuli enis siwmindis dacva, saxelmwifo enaze gamarTuli metyveleba<br />
yvela pedagogis upirvelesi movaleobaa.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maswavlebeli ara marto sagnobriv codnas unda gadascemdes moswavleebs,<br />
aramed gamarTuli metyvelebis magaliTsac unda aZlevdes maT.<br />
es exeba ara marto qarTuli enisa da literaturis, aramed yvela sxva<br />
sagnis maswavlebelsac. swavlebis ena maqsimalurad daculi unda iyos.<br />
samwuxarod, Cveni metyveleba xSirad binZurdeba dialeqtizmebiT, Jar-<br />
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goniT, barbarizmebiT, kalkebiTa da sxv.. amas sxvadasxva faqtori ganapirobebs.<br />
moyvanil situaciaSi aseT faqtorad SeiZleba CaiTvalos is,<br />
rom maswavlebeli garkveuli periodi cxovrobda sazRvargareT da iq<br />
aqvs ganaTleba miRebuli. rogorc Cans, situaciaSi aRwerili maswavlebeli<br />
kvalificiuri specialistia, Tumca maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebloba<br />
saxelmwifo enis karg codnasac gulisxmobs.<br />
fsiqologi:<br />
ucxoenovan garemoSi didi xniT cxovreba ganapirobebs imas, rom<br />
samSobloSi dabrunebulebs xSirad mSobliur enaze laparakisas gvaxsendeba<br />
da Cvenda uneburad viyenebT sityvebsa Tu gamoTqmebs im ucxo<br />
enaze, romelzec vmetyvelebdiT bolo xanebSi. rogorc Cans, aRweril<br />
situaciaSic asea. moswavle aRniSnavs, rom, garda misTvis ucnobi terminebisa,<br />
maswavlebeli xSirad iyenebs sityvebs ucxo enidan. zogadi biologia<br />
sakmaod rTuli sagania da misi swavlebisas pedagogi gverds ver<br />
auvlis iseT terminologias, rogoricaa, magaliTad, genotipi, zigota,<br />
nukleinebi da a.S. is ganmartavs ucxo sityvebs, magram misi metyveleba<br />
ucnob terminebTan erTad ucxoenovani sityvebis simravlis gamo<br />
moswavleTaTvis mainc Znelad gasagebi rCeba.<br />
sasurvelia, maswavlebelma, gakveTilze ucxoenovani (am SemTxvevaSi<br />
inglisuri) da bevri ucnobi termini erTbaSad ar gamoiyenos.<br />
saerTod ki, Tu qarTul enaSi arsebobs Sesatyvisi terminebi, maswavlebelma<br />
Tavi unda aaridos ucxo enidan sityvebis gamoyenebas. amiT<br />
pedagogi axali masalis aTvisebas gauadvilebs moswavleebs da mSobliuri<br />
enis siwmindis dacvis magaliTs miscems maT.<br />
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SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
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situacia #27<br />
mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `meeqvse klaselma biWma masze asakiT pataras<br />
fuli gamosZala. klasis xelmZRvanelma, problemis mogvarebis mizniT,<br />
saqmis kursSi Caayena direqcia, direqciam ki mSobeli daibara, rasac mohyva<br />
mSoblis mxridan ukmayofileba, rom misi Svilis saqcieli gaxmaurda.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
maswavlebeli adekvaturad iqceva, radgan fulis gamoZalvis SemTxvevas<br />
reagirebis gareSe ar tovebs da situaciaSi CareviT cdilobs, daicvas<br />
rogorc moZalade, ise Zaladobis msxverpli. igi dakvirvebuli da<br />
yuradRebiania. sworad afasebs, rom problema rTulia da masTan martos<br />
gamklaveba gauWirdeba.<br />
mSoblis ukmayofileba da gabrazeba, savaraudod, gamoiwvia iman, rom<br />
pedagogma, ojaxis gverdis avliT, bavSvis saqcieli direqciis msjelobis<br />
sagnad aqcia, anu jer ojaxs ki ar daukavSirda, aramed pirdapir<br />
direqcias acnoba momxdari.<br />
ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
maRalkvalificiurma maswavlebelma `icis, rogor Camoayalibos<br />
moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi, moagvaros konfliqtebi<br />
mSvidobiani gziT da xeli Seuwyos moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis<br />
Camoyalibebas.~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7);<br />
klasis xelmZRvanelma situaciis dasaregulireblad momxdaris Sesaxeb<br />
unda acnobos pirvel rigSi orive bavSvis damrigeblebs. pedagogebma<br />
erTad unda uzrunvelyon mSoblebisa da direqciis informireba.<br />
Tu skolas amis resursi aqvs, rCevisaTvis mimarTon fsiqologs.<br />
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fsiqologi:<br />
msgavs situaciaSi, sasurvelia, maswavlebelma da fsiqologma Sekribon<br />
rac SeiZleba meti informacia `gamomZalveli~ moswavlis Sesaxeb<br />
(magaliTad, mis ojaxur mdgomareobaze), rac maT daexmareba ukeT gaerkvnen<br />
situaciaSi. dialogi unda Sedges jer moswavlesTan marto da Tu<br />
situacia moiTxovs, Semdeg mSobelTan erTad.<br />
aseT situaciaSi sasurvelia meTodis _ egreT wodebuli `dialogi<br />
wreSi~ gamoyeneba. es meTodi iTvaliswinebs yvela mxaris, rogorc `dazaralebulis~,<br />
aseve `damnaSavis~ dialogSi CarTvas. situaciis mixedviT,<br />
SeiZleba amaSi monawileobas iRebdnen mSoblebic, Tumca es yovelTvis<br />
aucilebeli ar aris. TiToeuli gulaxdilad isaubrebs sakuTar<br />
mdgomareobaze. moZalade moswavle ar unda avavsoT sayvedurebiT. dialogis<br />
moderatorma, magaliTad, fsiqologma an damrigebelma, saubari<br />
iqiT unda warmarTos, rom moswavlem Tavad gaakeTos swori daskvnebi.<br />
es miiRweva im SemTxvevaSi, Tu `moZalade~ igrZnobs im pedagogebis Tanadgomas,<br />
romlebic moswavlis moqmedebas uaryofiTad afaseben, magram<br />
gamosavals masTan erTad eZeben da interesdebian misi pirovnebiT.<br />
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SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
101
situacia #28<br />
mSobeli gviambobs: `moswavleebma maswavlebels miarTves oqros sayure<br />
da Tan uTxres: manana maswavlebelo, Cven TqvenTvis madlobis gadaxda<br />
gvinda, radgan CvenTvis aseTi kargi maswavlebeli xarT. manana maswavlebelma<br />
aiRo es saCuqari da ambobs, rom mas didi siyvaruliT atarebs.<br />
is ar Tvlis, rom qrTami aiRo, aramed aseTi saxiT miiRo madloba Tavisi<br />
moswavleebisagan.~<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
manana maswavlebelma saCuqari moswavleebis siyvarulis niSnad mii-<br />
Ro. es savsebiT gasagebia; man Tavisi qceviT asiamovna bavSvebs, agrZnobina<br />
keTilganwyoba. magram sayure SeiZleba aRqmul iqnes rogorc saCuqari<br />
moswavleebisaTvis upiratesobis miniWebis sanacvlod, radgan,<br />
mocemuli situaciis mixedviT, manana maswavlebeli jer kidev aswavlis<br />
bavSvebs, romlebmac misTvis sayure SeiZines (isini awmyo droSi ixsenieben<br />
mas maswavleblad). iqmneba erTgvari uxerxuloba da amisi ueWveli<br />
dasturi Tavad manana maswavleblis poziciaa: mas, Tumca am oqros sayures<br />
`didi siyvaruliT atarebs~, mainc uwevs mtkiceba sxvisTvisac da<br />
sakuTari TavisTvisac, rom qrTami ki ar aiRo, `aramed aseTi saxiT mii-<br />
Ro madloba Tavisi moswavleebisagan.~<br />
miuxedavad imisa, rom manana maswavlebeli sayureebs madlierebis<br />
gamoxatulebad miiCnevs, aris saSiSroeba, rom am saCuqris miRebis Semdeg<br />
igi ver SeinarCunebs obieqturobas da am klasis moswavleebs raime<br />
saxis upiratesobas mianiWebs. pedagogma obieqturoba romc SeinarCunos,<br />
yovelTvis aRmoCndeba vinme, vinc eWvs Seitans mis ara marto obieqturobaSi,<br />
aramed keTilsindisierebaSic.<br />
sxvagvarad iqneboda saqme, saCuqari rom gaekeTebinaT skoladamTavrebul,<br />
madlier moswavleebs. maswavlebeli veRar iqneboda araobieqturi,<br />
veRaravis mianiWebda upiratesobas, radgan madliereba gamoxates<br />
misma yofilma moswavleebma.<br />
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ganaTlebis specialisti:<br />
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom moswavleebs xSirad uCndebaT uangaro<br />
siyvarulisa da madlierebis usazRvro grZnoba Tavisi maswavleblebis<br />
mimarT da am siyvarulisa da madlierebis grZnobis raime materialuriT<br />
gamoxatvis survili. sayvareli maswavleblis mxridan maTi am survilis<br />
daTrgunvam SeiZleba momavalSi uaryofiTi Sedegebi gamoiwvios da<br />
adamianebs madlierebisa da siyvarulis gamoxatvis xalisi daukargos.<br />
maswavleblis amocana maTi am survilis swori gziT warmarTva, jansaRi<br />
Rirebulebebisa da WeSmariti faseulobebis Camoyalibebaa.<br />
meore mxriv, maswavlebelma Tavisi saqcieliT, SesaZloa, ubiZgos<br />
moswavleebs imisaken, rom bavSvebma zedmeti mniSvneloba mianiWon materialur<br />
Rirebulebebs. moswavleebs SeiZleba SeeqmnaT STabeWdileba,<br />
rom madlobis gadaxdis yvelaze efeturi forma materialuri saCuqaria.<br />
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom damatebiTi problemebi SeiZleba Seiqmnas<br />
imis gamo, rom yvela bavSvi ar aris materialurad Tanabrad uzrunvelyofili<br />
da amgvari moswavleebi, SesaZloa, daiTrgunon imis gamo,<br />
rom Tanaklaselebis msgavsad ver SeZleben saCuqris SesaZenad fulis<br />
skolaSi motanas.<br />
magram Tu mainc moxda faqti da moswavleebma saCuqari miarTves maswavlebels,<br />
rogor unda moiqces igi? daubrunos moswavleebs misTvis<br />
mirTmeuli saCuqari, Tu sxva gzas SeuZlia mimarTos?<br />
maswavlebels saCuqris gamoyeneba SeuZlia moswavleebSi eTikuri da<br />
samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebis mizniT. magaliTad, manana maswavlebels,<br />
misTvis naCuqari oqros sayurisTvis madlobis gadaxdasTan<br />
erTad, SeeZlo, SeeTavazebina moswavleTaTvis am saCuqris Sewirva<br />
nivTis an misi gayidviT aRebuli safasuris saxiT romelime fondis-<br />
Tvis, romelic mzrunvelobamoklebul, avadmyof an devnil bavSvebs exmareba,<br />
an uSualod daxmarebodnen romelime aseT konkretul bavSvs.<br />
am SemTxvevaSi moixsneboda yovelgvari uxerxuloba da maswavleblis<br />
saqcieli misabaZi magaliTi gaxdeboda TiTeuli moswavlisaTvis.<br />
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fsiqologi:<br />
imisaTvis, rom moswavleebSi madlierebisa da siyvarulis gamoxatvis<br />
survili ar daTrgunos da saCuqris ukan dabrunebiT guli ar atkinos,<br />
maswavlebelma unda auxsnas bavSvebs sakuTari qcevis RirebulebiTi aspeqtebi.<br />
is, rom amgvari saCuqari masSi erTgvari uxerxulobis grZnobas<br />
iwvevs da rom siyvarulisa da pativiscemis gamoxatva SeiZleba sxvagvaradac.<br />
misTvis ufro Zvirfasi iqneba maTive xeliT damzadebuli raime<br />
nivTi, Tundac baraTebi.<br />
pedagogisaTvis dauviwyar da ufro metad Rirebulad aramaterialuri<br />
saCuqari SeiZleba iqces, Tu is moswavleebis siyvarulisa da pativiscemis<br />
gamoxatulebaa. erTma pedagogma aseTi ram mogviTxro: `im dRes<br />
Cemi dabadebis dRe iyo. skolaSi Cveulebisamebr mivedi da gakveTilebis<br />
Catarebasac Cveulebrivad vapirebdi. klasSi Sevedi da saxtad davrCi,<br />
arc erTi moswavle ar ijda Tavis adgilze. iseTi sibraze Semomawva,<br />
lamis cremlebi gadmomcvivda. sad daikarga mTeli klasi, amis gafiqreba<br />
Zlivs movaswari da uceb merxebis qvemodan wamoiSala mTeli klasi da<br />
daiwyes simRera: `ra lamazi dRea!..~ Semomexvivnen, milocavdnen da Tan<br />
mkocnidnen. es iyo CemTvis dauviwyari dabadebis dRe, Cemi moswavleebisagan<br />
miRebuli saukeTeso saCuqari.~<br />
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SeniSvnebisTvis<br />
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ekomendebuli literatura:<br />
1. gogebaSvili, i. rCeuli Txzulebani xuT tomad, gamomcemloba<br />
`ganaTleba~, Tbilisi, 1989.<br />
2. erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2009-2010 saswavlo weli.<br />
3. viswavloT erTad, inkluziuri ganaTleba, erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2008.<br />
4. Ternbuli, j. profesionali maswavleblis 9 maxasiaTebeli,<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2009 weli.<br />
5. marzano, j. efeqturi swavleba skolaSi, maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri, 2009.<br />
6. maswavleblis damxmare saxelmZRvanelo 3 nawilad (ganviTarebisa da<br />
swavlis Teoriebi; swavleba da Sefaseba; saswavlo da profesiuli<br />
garemo), maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, Tbilisi,<br />
2008.<br />
7. maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, 2008.<br />
8. problemaze dafuZnebuli swavla, erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da<br />
Sefasebis centri, 2008.<br />
9. rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs azrovneba, erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2007.<br />
10. tabataZe, S.; nacvliSvili, n. interkulturuli ganaTleba,<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2008.<br />
11. WavWavaZe, i. rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, t. IV, gamomcemloba<br />
`sabWoTa saqarTvelo~, Tbilisi, 1987.<br />
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