saskolo cxovrebidan

maswavleblis 

eTikis 

saxelmZRvanelo 

situaciebi 

saskolo cxovrebidan

avtorebi: maia inasariZe 

sofiko lobJaniZe 

Sorena mamukaZe 

ilustraciebi: mamuka tyeSelaSvili 

koreqtori: maia menabde 

sakonsultacio sabWo: lela samniaSvili 

naTia nacvliSvili 

nino elbaqiZe 

sofio gorgoZe 

ydis dizaini da dakabadoneba: giorgi bagrationi 

© `maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri~, 2009. 

Tbilisi, 0102, uznaZis q. 52. 

tel: (+995) 91 14 53, 95 13 02/04 

veb-gverdi: www.tpdc.ge el-fosta: info@tpdc.ge 

ISBN 978-9941-0-1998-2

Zvirfaso maswavleblebo! 

winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo warmoadgens saqarTvelos sxvadasxva 

regionis saskolo cxovrebidan aRebul situaciebs, sadac maswavlebelTa, 

moswavleTa da mSobelTa mier aRwerilia SemTxvevebi, romlebmac 

TiToeuli maTgani eTikuri dilemis winaSe daayena. SemTxvevebs Tan axlavs 

maswavleblis, ganaTlebis specialistisa da fsiqologis komentarebi, 

romlebic afaseben situacias, situaciaSi monawile pirebis qmedebas 

da saubroben imaze, Tu ra iqneboda sasurveli gamosavali ama Tu im 

SemTxvevaSi. 

saxelmZRvanelos Seqmnis idea maswavleblis eTikis kodeqss 

ukavSirdeba. zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonis mixedviT, maswavlebelTa 

profesiuli ganviTarebis centrs moeTxoveba maswavleblis profesiuli 

eTikis kodeqsis Seqmna. aRniSnul dokumentze muSaoba saqarTvelos 

skolebSi arsebuli situaciis SeswavliT daviwyeT. Tavdapirvelad, 

skolebSi maswavlebelTa, mSobelTa da moswavleTa gamokiTxva da samuSao 

Sexvedrebi CavatareT, raTa gavcnobodiT, ra saxis eTikuri problemebi 

arsebobs maT urTierTobebSi. Cven vTxoveT maswavleblebs, mSoblebsa da 

moswavleebs, aReweraT iseTi SemTxvevebi saskolo cxovrebidan, romlebic 

erTgvar eTikur problemas warmoadgenda maTTvis. SevagroveT uamravi 

masala da amis Semdeg gavakeTeT problemuri sakiTxebis nusxa. pirvel 

rigSi, is sakiTxebi SevitaneT eTikis kodeqsSi, romlebic, gamokiTxvisa da 

samuSao Sexvedrebis safuZvelze, gansakuTrebiT aqtualurad miviCnieT. 

agreTve, muSaobis procesSi gavecaniT saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas. 

rodesac Seiqmna maswavleblis profesiuli eTikis kodeqsis pirveli 

samuSao versia, komentarebisaTvis davugzavneT saqarTvelos skolebs. 

maswavleblebis mier SemoTavazebuli SeniSvnebisa da SemoTavazebebis 

safuZvelze, SevitaneT cvlilebebi. amJamad, maswavlebelTa profesiuli 

ganviTarebis centri, dokumentis sabolood daxvewis mizniT, agrZelebs 

eTikis kodeqsze muSaobas. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom maswavleblis eTikis kodeqsi dRes sakmaod 

bevr qveyanaSi arsebobs da, profesiuli qcevis Sefasebisas, mniSvnelovan 

dokumentad iTvleba, igi mainc zogadi xasiaTisaa. swored amitom, 

gadavwyviteT, Segveqmna saxelmZRvanelo, sadac konretuli SemTxvevebi 

iqneboda ganxiluli da dagverTo eqspertebis komentari, raTa 

maswavleblebisaTvis ufro TvalsaCino yofiliyo kodeqsSi Sesuli 

3

sxvadasxva punqtis aqtualoba da ama Tu im SemTxvevaSi miRebuli 

gadawyvetilebis Sedegebi. 

saxelmZRvaneloSi Setanili situaciebi gadmocemulia maqsimaluri 

sizustiT, gasworebulia mxolod stiluri Secdomebi. Tumca, 

gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom imis mixedviT, Tu vin gviyveba situacias, 

adgili eqneba SemTxvevis miseul interpretacias. bunebrivia, situaciis 

aRwerisas, mTxrobeli subieqturia, amitom TiToeuli SemTxveva eqspertebis 

mier maqsimalurad obieqturad, romelime mxaris poziciis dacvis gareSea 

ganxiluli. 

garda imisa, rom maswavleblebs, profesiuli qcevis Sesaxeb 

gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas, es saxelmZRvanelo garkveul daxmarebas 

gauwevs, vfiqrobT, igi Zalzed mniSvnelovania im kuTxiT, rom 

saqarTvelos skolebSi arsebul realobas aRwers, im realobas, romelic 

skolis kedlebs gareT xSirad SeiZleba arc ki gamodis. 

aqve minda, madloba gadavuxado saxelmZRvaneloze momuSave avtorTa 

jgufs, yvelas, vinc monawileoba miiRo Cvens samuSao SexvedrebSi, 

gagviziara Tavisi Sexeduleba, SeniSvna da mosazreba; aseve im 

maswavleblebs, moswavleebsa da mSoblebs, vinc es situaciebi mogvawoda. 

maTi mxardaWerisa da gulwrfelobis gareSe, am saxelmZRvanelos Seqmna 

SeuZlebeli iqneboda. 

pativiscemiT, 

sofio gorgoZe 

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis 

centris direqtori 

4

Sesavali 

eTika berZnuli sityvaa da `znes~, `Cveulebas~ niSnavs. rogorc termini, 

èTika~ pirvelad aristotelem gamoiyena Tavis filosofiur (da 

pedagogiur) TxzulebaSi `nikomaqes eTika~, romelic man Tavisi vaJiSvilisTvis 

dawera. eTikur sakiTxebze msjeloba berZnul filosofiaSi 

aristotelemdec gvxvdeba. am problemebze msjelobda Tavis dialogeb- 

Si platoni, aristoteles maswavlebeli, xolo sokrate pirveli berZeni 

filosofosi iyo, romelic sagangebo yuradRebas aqcevda zneobis sakiTxebs. 

sokrates moswavleebma (platoni, qsenofonte) dagvitoves misi, 

rogorc idealuri maswavleblis xati. 

Tanamedrove pedagogiuri azrovneba uSualod aris dakavSirebuli 

sokrates saxelTan. dRes sokratuli meTodi farTod gamoyenebuli interaqtiuli 

meTodia. sokrate ar qadagebda, is ama Tu im Temaze dialogSi 

iwvevda Tavis moswavleebs da am gziT exmareboda maT, Tavad SeecnoT 

WeSmariteba. dialogebSi igi arasodes amJRavnebda Tavis upiratesobas 

da mowafeebs ganixilavda, rogorc inteleqtualur partniorebs. igi 

sakuTari moswavleebis zneobas mkacri kriteriumebis mixedviT ayalibebda, 

ara damoZRvris formiT, aramed piradi magaliTiTa da praqtikuli 

saqmianobiT, romelSic yovelTvis CarTuli hyavda moswavleebi. 

eTikur problemebze msjeloba mxolod Zvel berZen filosofoseb Tan 

rodi gvxvdeba. ufro adre eTikuri moZRvrebis xasiaTi hqonda Zvel 

Cinel brZenTa filosofiur naazrevsac (lao-Zi, konfuci). sabolood, 

eTika filosofias gamoeyo da mis erT-erT disciplinad Camoyalibda. 

eTika, rogorc samecniero disciplina, adamianTa qcevis normebs 

swavlobs, is ufro aRweriTi da gamoyenebiTi mecnierebaa, vidre Teoriuli. 

magram aqve unda iTqvas, rom amJamad filosofia aRar aris er- 

TaderTi mecniereba, romlis Semadgenel disciplinaTa CamonaTvalSi 

eTikac moiazreba. arsebobs eTika, rogorc Teologiuri disciplina; 

eTika, rogorc pedagogiuri disciplina da a.S. 

eTikis, rogorc pedagogiuri disciplinis, Camoyalibebis saTaved 

SeiZleba miviCnioT XVIII_XIX saukuneTa mijnis cnobili filosofosis, 

fsiqologisa da pedagogis iohan fridrix herbartis naazrevi (1776- 

1841). mas uwodeben ukanasknel filosofoss pedagogebs Soris da ukanasknel 

pedagogs filosofosTa Soris. herbartma eTika, rogorc mecniereba, 

Caayena pedagogikis samsaxurSi da aRzrdis umTavres miznad 

zneobrivi aRzrda miiCnia. 

5

eTikiT, rogorc pedagogiuri discipliniT, dainteresebulni iyvnen 

qarTveli moRvaweebic, gansakuTrebiT, ilia WavWavaZe da iakob gogebaSvili. 

rusifikatoruli wnexis qveS moqceuli qarTuli skolis Sesaxeb 

iakob gogebaSvili gulistkiviliT werda: `...CvenSi eTikuri cxovrebis 

araviTari sayrdeni aRar aris... saxalxo skola wesieri aRzrdis nacvlad 

ufro amaxinjebs bavSvebs~ (i. gogebaSvili, rCeuli Txzulebani, t. 

II, gv. 229). igi Zalisxmevas ar iSurebda imisaTvis, rom skola bavSvis 

gonebrivi da zneobrivi srulyofis adgilad qceuliyo. ecnoboda ra 

msoflio mowinave pedagogiur praqtikas, iakob gogebaSvili ganaTlebis 

mTavar daniSnulebad Tvlida, rom skolas òstatobiTa da siadviliT~ 

gaemdidrebina mowafeebis goneba, eswavlebina `zedmiwevniT bunebis Zal- 

Ta moxmareba~, aevso maTi gulebi `maRalis adamianuris grZnobebiT~, 

mieniWebina mtkice xasiaTi, aRezarda maTSi sakuTari Tavis rwmena, pasuxismgebloba 

sazogadoebis, xalxis, qveynis winaSe. amaSi iakob gogebaSvili 

udides rols maswavlebels akisrebda. 

iakob gogebaSvilis msgavsad, iliac swavlobda Tavisi drois msoflio 

pedagogikis mowinave gamocdilebas, raTa qarTul skolaSi sauke- 

Teso praqtika daenerga. iliasaTvis samagaliTo iyo vitorino de feltres 

idea, rom `... Tavisufali arseba Tavisuflad unda izrdebodeso 

utyep-ucemlad, vitorino uZRveboda Tavis Segirdebis wvrTnas magali- 

TiTa da CagonebiT da... samudamod da uku-daubruneblad ganaZeva Tavis 

skolidam xorcTa sasjeli~ (ilia WavWavaZe, rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT 

tomad, gv. 220). ilias surda, qarTul skolaSi aseTi midgoma daenerga. 

ilia WavWavaZisaTvis misaRebi iyo iseTi saganmanaTleblo (ilia iyenebs 

termins `sapedagogio~) sistema, romelic bavSvs miscemda saSualebas, 

srulad gamoevlina sakuTari SesaZleblobebi, igi am saqmeSi 

mniSvnelovnad miiCnevda oTx princips, òTxs deda-azrsa~: pirveli is, 

rom pirovnebis aRzrdisas maqsimalurad unda gamovlindes misi Sesa- 

Zleblobebi _ `sagani aRzrdisa is aris, rom Tavis rigsa da weszed warmatebul 

iqnas yovelni Zalni da niWni adamianisa, rogorc gonebiTni, ise 

zneobiTni, rogorc sulierni, ise xorcielni~; meore is, rom swavlebaswavlis 

procesSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos bavSvis asakobrivi da 

pirovnuli Taviseburebani _ `swavlebaSi unda saxeSi miRebul iqmnas ara 

marto asaki da wlovaneba mowafisa, aramed misni gansakuTrebulni zneni 

da Tvisebani~; mesame is, rom yovelgvar darigebaze metad, moswavleze 

winaparTa saxelovani cxovrebis magaliTebi axdens gavlenas _ `radganac 

bavSvis cocxalsa, mkvircxlsa da advilad aRmbeWdav bunebazed cocxali 

magaliTi ufro Zlier moqmedobs, vidre mkvdari wesi da darigeba, 

amitomac yvelazed ukeTesi Rone is aris, rom mowafes win gadauSalos 

6

ostatma cxovreba did-bunebovanTa kacTa, romelnic ase bevrni moipovebian 

Zvels droSi~; meoTxe is, rom swavla-aRzrdaSi udidesi roli eni- 

Weba Tavisufal azrovnebasa da bunebisa da sazogadoebis kanonzomierebebis 

Seswavlas _ `swavla-codna da erTob ganaTleba unda dafuZnebuli 

iyos Tavisufal mecnierebaTa Seswavlazed. am mecnierebis saTaveSi 

sdgas filosofia, romelic adamians gonebiTad Tavisufals hxdis. mas 

mosdevs mecniereba, mWevrmetyveleba... mere modis bunebismetyveleba, 

romelic gvagebinebs harmonias yovel misas, rac arsebobs... da bolos 

istoria, romelic mogviTxrobs svlasa da ganviTarebas mecnierebisas 

da mravals sasargeblo magaliTs Tval-win gviyenebs~ (ilia WavWavaZe, 

rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, gv. 221). 

ilia WavWavaZe darwmunebuli iyo, rom qveynis Zlierebis garanti 

profesionali maswavlebeli da kargad mowyobili skolaa. igi werda: 

`1870 welsa, roca germaniam Tavs-zari dasca minamde TiTqmis uZlevels 

safrangeTsa.., sTqves, rom germaniis skolis maswavlebelma sZlia 

safrangeTsa da daamarcxao... rogorc etyoba, mizezi Zlevamosilobisa 

igiv skolis maswavlebelia, igiv swavla da ganaTleba~ (ilia WavWavaZe, 

rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, gv. 218). 

dRevandeli skolis umTavresi funqciaa, daexmaros moswavles qveynis 

interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT sakuTari pasuxismgeblobis 

gacnobierebaSi; Camoayalibos moswavle samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis 

matarebel pirovnebad, romelsac gaazrebuli aqvs Tavisi 

movaleobebi kacobriobisa da bunebrivi garemos mimarT (ix. zogadi ganaTlebis 

erovnuli miznebi). amis miRweva SesaZlebelia eTikuri TvalsazrisiT 

Camoyalibebuli, samagaliTo pirovnebis daxmarebiT. zogadi 

ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis miRwevaSi profesionali da kompetenturi 

maswavleblis funqcia Seucvlelia. 

ra qmnis maswavleblis profesiuli kompetenturobis safuZvels? 

pirveli im sagnis/sagnobrivi jgufis zedmiwevniT codnaa, romelsac 

maswavlebeli skolaSi aswavlis. agreTve, maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli 

mudmivad zrunavs Tavis profesiul ganviTarebaze. 

meore maswavleblis mier ganviTarebisa da swavlis Teoriebis codnaa. 

kacobriobis didi maswavleblebisa da skolebis mravalaTaswliani 

gamocdileba da tradiciebi uxvad dagrovda da isini mravalricxovani 

pedagogiuri da fsiqologiuri Teoriebis saxiT Camoyalibda. 

Tanamedrove msoflio pedagogikasa da fsiqologiaSi arsebuli ganvi- 

Tarebisa da swavlis Teoriebi asaxavs bavSvis asakobrivi ganviTarebis 

7

kanonzomierebebs, aanalizebs im faqtorebs, romlebic gavlenas axdens 

bavSvis ganviTarebaze da iZleva rekomendaciebs moswavlis swavlis 

xelSewyobisaTvis. ganviTarebisa da swavlis Teoriebis codna gauadvilebs 

maswavlebels klasis marTvasa da warmatebuli saswavlo procesis 

warmarTvas. 

mesame maswavleblis mxridan Sefasebis sistemis codnaa. maswavlebelma 

unda icodes, rogor gamoiyenos Sefasebis sxvadasxva forma Sedegsa 

da moswavleze orientirebuli midgomisas. man unda ganuviTaros 

moswavleebs obieqturi Sefasebisa da TviTSefasebis unari, sakuTari 

SesaZleblobebisa da Rirsebebis rwmena, sxvaTa SesaZleblobebis aRiareba 

da dafaseba. Sefasebis meTodebis codna da misi praqtikaSi efeqturad 

gamoyeneba dadebiT gavlenas axdens moswavleTa motivaciaze, 

rac warmatebuli saswavlo procesis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi komponentia. 

meoTxe maswavleblis mier profesiuli eTikis normebis dacvaa. ma- 

Ralkvalificiuri maswavlebeli exmareba moswavleebs eTikuri Rirebulebebis 

CamoyalibebaSi, imavdroulad, utovebs Tavisufali arCevanis 

uflebas, aZlevs moswavleebs urTierTpativiscemisa da adamianis uflebaTa 

dacvis cxovrebiseul gakveTilebs. mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebeli 

amas akeTebdes Tavisi pirovnuli magaliTiT. pedagogis eTikur 

RirebulebaTa sistema, upirveles yovlisa, vlindeba urTierTobebSi. 

es aris urTierToba moswavleebTan, mSoblebTan da kolegebTan. 

maswavlebels yvelaze intensiuri urTierToba, cxadia, moswavlesTan 

uxdeba. ganaTlebis eqspertebi da fsiqologebi gamoyofen bavSvTan 

urTierTobis ramdenime strategias (stils), maT Soris: avtoritaruls, 

demokratiulsa da liberalurs. 

urTierTobis avtoritaruli stili bavSvisagan moiTxovs morCilebas. 

bavSvs aqvs SedarebiT pasiuri pozicia. maswavlebeli codnas gadascems 

moswavleebs, igi naklebad iziarebs moswavleTa azrebs saswavlo 

procesSi, moswavleebi ver eCvevian sakuTari qcevis marTvas. urTier- 

Tobis avtoritaruli modeli damaxasiaTebelia maswavlebelze orientirebuli 

saswavlo procesisaTvis. 

urTierTobis liberaluri stili _ maswavlebeli cdilobs moswavlesTan 

TanamSromlobas, magram saboloo gadawyvetilebas yovelTvis 

mainc moswavle iRebs. bavSvs uyalibdeba zedmeti damoukideblobisa da 

avtonomiurobis grZnoba. 

urTierTobis demokratiuli stili uzrunvelyofs bavSvis aqtiur 

pozicias. maswavlebeli cdilobs iTanamSromlos bavSvTan nebismieri 

amocanis gadaWrisas. maswavlebeli uxsnis bavSvs normatiuli disciplinirebuli 

qcevis mniSvnelobas, aswavlis sakuTari qcevis marTvas, 

8

qmnis ndobisa da urTierTgagebis pirobebs, uyalibebs mas `Cven~ damokidebulebas 

(erToblivi qmedebis survils). disciplina xdeba TviTregulirebadi, 

TviTmarTvadi. 

maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli icnobs moswavleebTan urTier- 

Tobis samive stils da, praqtikuli saqmianobisas, axdens maT sinTezs 

moswavlis saWiroebebis mixedviT. mniSvnelovania, maswavlebelma moswavle 

miiRos, rogorc individualobis mqone adamiani. aseT SemTxvevaSi 

moswavles uCndeba imedi, rom mas gaugeben da mxars dauWeren. amgvari 

damokidebulebis Sedegad, mcirdeba winaaRmdegoba, bavSvi ufro advilad 

iRebs da iTavisebs maswavleblis moTxovnebsa da Sexedulebebs. 

Tu urTierTobebi igeba urTierTpativiscemis, Tanasworobisa da Tanamonawileobis 

safuZvelze, TiToeul mxares eZleva TviTrealizaciisa 

da pirovnuli zrdis SesaZlebloba. urTierTobis efeqturobis Sefasebisas, 

aqcenti unda gakeTdes ara marto imaze, Tu ramdenad Seicvala 

moswavlis arasasurveli qceva sasurveliT, aramed imazec, Tu ramdenad 

Seicvala Tavad pedagogi, ramdenad ganviTarda igi profesiuli da 

pirovnuli TvalsazrisiT. 

maswavleblis profesiuli movaleobebidan erT-erTi umTavresia 

moswavleebis mSoblebTan urTierToba. am urTierTobam xeli unda Seuwyos 

swavlebisa da swavlis efeqturobas. nebismier TanamSromlobas 

aucileblad aqvs Tavisi pirobebi, romelTa dacvis gareSe TanamSromloba 

ver Sedgeba. maswavleblisa da mSoblis TanamSromlobis aseTi arsebiTi 

da aucilebeli piroba eTikuri normebis dacva, urTierTndoba 

da keTilganwyobaa. 

konfliqti maswavlebelsa da mSobels Soris SeiZleba gamowveuli 

iyos rogorc obieqturi, ise subieqturi faqtorebiT, kerZod: kompetenciis 

deficitiTa da azrTa sxvadasxvaobiT, an movaleobebiT, romlebsac 

maswavlebeli da mSobeli erTmaneTs akisreben. 

mokled ganvixiloT TiToeuli: 

kompetenciis deficiti da azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoixateba, upirveles 

yovlisa, moswavlis inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb maswavleblisa 

da mSoblis warmodgenaTa gansxvavebaSi. moswavlis codnisa 

da unarebis obieqturi Sefaseba sagnis maswavleblis prerogativaa, am 

sferoSi mSobels SeiZleba arasakmarisi kompetencia hqondes. mSobelsa 

da pedagogs Soris azrTa sxvadasxvaobis erT-erTi mTavari mizezi 

kontaqtebis uqonloba da informaciis naklebobaa, amitom, sasurvelia, 

maswavlebelma mWidrod iTanamSromlos mSoblebTan, gaacnos maT 

saswavlo miznebi, gaarkvios mSobeli Sefasebis axali sistemis arsSi, 

mudmivad miawodos informacia moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb, 

9

misces mas rCevebi da rekomendaciebi. bavSvis qceva skolaSi da bavSvis 

qceva saxlSi – qcevis es ori modeli qmnis qcevis saerTo suraTs. maswavleblisa 

da mSoblis TanamSromlobiT, SesaZlebeli xdeba am modelis 

sruli suraTis Seqmna-konstruireba. es xels Seuwyobs maswavlebels, 

rom efeqturi iyos misi individualuri midgoma moswavlesTan. 

movaleobebi, romlebsac maswavlebeli da mSobeli erTmaneTs akisreben. 

skola da ojaxi aris sxvadasxva socialur-fsiqologiuri jgufi 

Tavisi mravalferovani specifikuri funqciebiTa da damokidebulebebiT. 

xSirad maswavlebeli da mSobeli, garemoebebisa da SesaZleblobis 

gaTvaliswinebis gareSe, akisreben erTmaneTs uamrav movaleobas, rac 

saboloo jamSi gaugebrobebs iwvevs. aseT SemTxvevaSi, yvelaze kargi 

gamosavali skolis saqmianobis Sesaxeb arsebuli iuridiul-normatiuli 

resursebis codnaa. kerZod, es aris kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb, 

skolis Sinaganawesi, romelSic mkafiod unda iyos gansazRvruli 

TiToeuli mxaris ufleba-movaleobani, sameurveo sabWos debuleba, 

moswavleTa qcevis kodeqsi, maswavleblis eTikis kodeqsi. sasurveli da 

saWiroa, skolis Sida normatiuli dokumentebis SemuSavebis procesi 

gamWvirvale iyos da yvelas, visac is exeba, hqondes mis SeqmnaSi Tanamonawileobis 

saSualeba. 

zogjer mSobelTan TanamSromloba swored mSoblis mizeziT ver 

xerxdeba, magram aseTi mizezi ar amcirebs maswavleblis rols. maswavlebelma 

unda daanaxos mSobels, rom mxolod masTan mudmivi kontaqtiT, 

erToblivi ZalisxmeviT SeiZleba sasurveli Sedegebis miRweva. 

Tu pedagogi bavSvze saubrobs pativiscemiT, xedavs mis ara marto 

uaryofiT, aramed dadebiT mxareebsac, maSin is mSoblis saxiT iRebs 

mokavSires swavlebasa da aRzrdaSi. umjobesi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli 

mSobelTan saubars daiwyebs jer bavSvis pozitiuri mxareebis daxasiaTebiT, 

Semdeg gadava problemurze da sTavazobs mSobels problemis gadaWris 

gzebis erToblivad Zebnas. am strategiis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, 

mSobeli xedavs, rom maswavlebeli sTavazobs rCevebsa da TanamSromlobas 

problemebis gadaWris gzebis moZiebaSi. umjobesi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli 

ki ar Seafasebs (magaliTad, Tqveni Svili saSinlad iqceva), 

aramed aRwers bavSvis qcevas (magaliTad, nika saSinao davalebas ar amzadebs, 

gakveTilze xmaurobs) da daskvnis gamotanisa da Sefasebis saSualebas 

TviTon mSobels utovebs. aseTi midgoma ufro metad gauRvivebs 

mSobels pedagogisadmi ndobas da TanamSromlobisaken ganawyobs. 

profesiuli eTika, es aris konkretuli sociumis SigniT moqmedi 

qcevis normebi, romelTa gardauvali da upirobo dacva aris profesiuli 

saqmianobis aucilebeli piroba. pedagogebis erTmaneTTan kolegialuri 

damokidebuleba da profesiuli eTikis normebis dacva pozi- 

10

tiuri magaliTia maTi aRsazrdelebisa Tu mSoblebisaTvis. amasTan, es 

damokidebuleba gansazRvravs, zogadad, skolis socialur-fsiqologiur 

garemos. skolis pozitiuri socialur-fsiqologiuri garemo Zalze 

mniSvnelovania saswavlo dawesebulebis efeqturi funqcionirebisaTvis. 

aseT garemoSi izrdeba pedagogTa motivacia da umjobesdeba 

samuSao ganwyoba, ris Sedegadac maTi saqmianoba ufro nayofieri xdeba. 

igi xels uwyobs saerTo miznebisa da amocanebis gacnobierebasa da 

miRebas, aqtiur erTobliv SemoqmedebiT muSaobas. 

11

situacia #1 

maswavlebeli gviambobs: `myavda moswavle, daTo, romelsac klasSi 

lideris roli hqonda. es ar gamoixateboda misi akademiuri moswrebiT, 

magram Tavisi fizikuri siZlieris, samarTlianobisa da `mWevrmetyvelebis~ 

gamo moswavleebs Soris liderobda. erTxel gakveTilze sxva 

moswavlem, gigam, uxeSad da Tavxedurad raRac miTxra. me ar SevimCnie 

es da gakveTili Cveulebrivad gavagrZele, rom sagakveTilo dro gigas 

udisciplinobaze msjelobaSi ar damexarja. dasvenebaze CemTan erTma 

moswavlem moirbina da miTxra, rom daTo gigas scems sapirfareSoSi 

imitom, rom is uzrdelad mogeqcaTo. SeSinebuli gavvardi bavSvebis 

gasaSveleblad. me rom mivedi, daTo iq aRar iyo, gigas saxeze etyoboda 

cemis kvali. warmoidgineT, ra dReSi Cavvardebodi. ise davibeni, rom 

ar vicodi, rogor movqceuliyavi. bavSvebma iCxubes da me pirdapir Tu 

iribad amis mizezi aRmovCndi. ase cudad Tavi mTeli Cemi praqtikis ganmavlobaSi 

ar migrZvnia...~ 

maswavlebeli: 

aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom maswavlebeli akvirdeba da afasebs moswavles 

ara marto gonebrivi SesaZleblobebiTa da akademiuri moswrebiT, 

aramed sxva RirsebebiT (samarTlianobiT); ese igi, mas SeuZlia moswavlis 

ara marto susti, aramed Zlieri mxareebis SemCnevac, rac pedagogisaTvis 

Zalian mniSvnelovani, saWiro unaria. daTos samarTlianobis 

dacvis gansakuTrebuli moTxovnileba aqvs. SesaZloa, misTvis arc ki 

hqonoda mniSvneloba imas, Tu vis eqceodnen usamarTlod. is gamoesarCleboda 

yvelas. 

pedagogma reagireba ar moaxdina moswavlis mier mis mimarT uxe- 

Si da Tavxeduri qcevis faqtze, raTa sagakveTilo dro gigas udisciplinobaze 

msjelobaSi ar daexarja. amiT man daicva maswavleblis 

profesiuli standartis moTxovna, romlis Tanaxmadac: maswavlebelma 

ìcis gakveTilis drois marTvis efeqtiani strategiebi;~ (maswavleblis 

profesiuli standarti gv.7). 

maswavlebels dadebiTad axasiaTebs kidev erTi faqti: rodesac Sesvenebaze 

mas acnobes moswavleebs Soris wamoWrili konfliqtis Sesaxeb, 

pedagogs hqonda myisieri reaqcia. gasagebia maswavleblis wuxili imis 

12

gamo, rom man ver SeZlo bavSvis usafrTxoebis dacva, magram Znelia, 

mas usayveduro, radgan moswavleebs Soris konfliqti klasSi ar wamoWrila, 

xolo Sesvenebaze maswavlebeli ver gaakontrolebda maT qcevas. 

situaciaSi araferia naTqvami imis Sesaxeb, ra gaakeTa man am incindentis 

Semdeg moswavlisTvis, romelsac saxeze cemis kvali emCneoda, 

rogor izruna mis janmrTelobaze, misi mdgomareobidan gamoyvanaze, 

masSi SurisZiebis grZnobis ganeitralebaze, daukavSirda Tu ara nacemi 

moswavlis mSoblebs da a.S. ra disciplinuri RonisZieba gaatara Cxubis 

wamomwyebi `klasis lideris~ mimarT, ra eTikur Rirebulebebze esaubra 

mas, daukavSirda Tu ara mis mSoblebs. 

fsiqologi: 

bavSvis miuRebeli qcevis reagirebis gareSe datoveba ar aris rekomendebuli, 

garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac bavSvi amgvar qcevas 

yuradRebis mipyrobis mizniT iyenebs. aseT SemTxvevebSi reagirebas 

ukureaqciac ki SeiZleba hqondes, radgan, SesaZloa, es iyos gamomwvevi 

qceva, romlis mizani yuradRebis miqceva da maswavlebelze zegavlenis 

moxdenaa. ase rom, mudmivma SeniSvnebma, SeiZleba, ganamtkicos kidec 

miuRebeli saqcieli. es ar niSnavs imas, rom maswavlebelma am SemTxveva- 

Si uyuradRebod datovos moswavlis qmedeba, magram man unda gaakeTos 

es frTxilad, taqtianad da ipovos aseT moswavlesTan misasvleli gza. 

mocemul SemTxvevaSi pedagogs, ra Tqma unda, maSinve unda mie- 

TiTebina disciplinis darRvevasa da araeTikur qcevaze. amis Semdeg 

ki moqceuliyo ise, rogorc moiqca, ar ganevrco es Tema gakveTilze. 

gakveTilis (an gakveTilebis) Semdeg aucileblad esaubra gigasTan imis 

dasadgenad, Tu ras SeeZlo gamoewvia misi amgvari saqcieli. es iqneboda 

maswavleblis mxridan adamianis Rirsebis dacvisa da, saerTod, 

urTierTpativiscemis magaliTi moswavleebisaTvis, upirveles yovlisa 

ki, gigasTvis. 

maswavlebels unda ganexila momxdari daTosTanac. aexsna bavSvisTvis, 

rom igi Zalian afasebs mis mxardaWeras, magram miuRebelia 

Zaladobis nebismieri gamovlena da maT Soris is saSualeba (fizikuri 

angariSsworeba), romelic gamoiyena moswavlem. 

13

ganaTlebis specialisti: 

es SemTxveva kargi magaliTia imisaTvis, rom maswavlebelma moswavleebTan 

erTad imsjelos konfliqtebis mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebis 

Sesaxeb. maswavlebelma unda auxsnas moswavleebs, rom Zaladoba arasodes 

ar aris gamosavali situaciidan. dialogi da urTierTpativiscema 

aris is saSualeba, romliTac nebismieri konfliqtis mogvareba 

SesaZlebelia. pedagogma agreTve yuradReba unda miaqcios imas, rogor 

warimarTeba urTierToba daTosa da gigas Soris. Tu saWiroeba Seiqmneba, 

SesaZloa, man moswavleebs Soris urTierTobis mowesrigebaSi aqtiuri 

rolic Seasrulos. 

14

SeniSvnebisTvis 

15

situacia #2 

pedagogi mogviTxrobs: „IX klasis damrigebeli var. yoveli gakveTilis 

dawyebis win Sevdivar Cems sadamrigeblo klasSi, raTa Tvali gadavavlo 

moswavleebs da davrwmunde, rom yvelaferi wesrigSia. erT dRes SevamCnie, 

rom pirveli gakveTilis Semdeg erT-erTi moswavle (vaJi) klasSi 

aRar iyo. movikiTxe, skolis teritoriaze veZebe, magram arsad Canda. 

maSin gadavwyvite, saxlSi momekiTxa, iqneb SeuZlod gaxda da Sin wavida-meTqi. 

davureke, magram arc Sin damxvda. mSobeli, imis nacvlad, rom 

erTad gveZebna bavSvi, Setevaze gadmovida: me Svili gamogigzavneT skolaSi, 

Tqven ver moaxerxeT misi klasSi gaCereba, neta sxvas ras mikeTebT, 

saerTod aRar gamovuSveb skolaSi da Tu rame xifaTs gadaeyara, ver 

gadamirCebiTo~.. gadavwyvite, situacia ar gamemZafrebina, amitom mSobels 

araferi vuTxari, Tumca gulnatkeni da Seuracxyofili davrCi.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavlebeli keTilsindisierad asrulebs masze dakisrebul movaleobebs. 

igi zrunavs bavSvebis usafrTxoebaze. situaciis mixedviT, pedagogi, 

klasis damrigebeli, zustad da erTgulad icavs maswavleblis 

profesiul valdebulebas. rac mTavaria, is amas akeTebs ara marto movaleobis 

moxdis mizniT, aramed imitom, rom bolomde aqvs gacnobierebuli 

sakuTari pasuxismgebloba. maswavleblis samagaliTo qmedebis fonze mis- 

Tvis gansakuTrebiT guldasawyvetia mSoblis araadekvaturi reaqcia da 

pretenziebi. imis nacvlad, rom, sakuTari Svilis interesebidan gamomdinare, 

iTanamSromlos pedagogTan, igi brazobs maswavlebelze da emuqreba 

kidec mas. unda aRiniSnos isic, rom, miuxedavad im Seuracxyofisa da 

gulistkivilisa, romelic maswavlebels mSobelma sruliad gaumarTleblad 

miayena, mocemulobis mixedviT, pedagogi inarCunebs simSvidesa da 

Tavazianobas, igi ar pasuxobs mSobels araeTikurad. 

16

fsiqologi: 

maswavlebelsa da moswavlis mSobels Soris jansaRi da nayofieri 

TanamSromlobis mniSvneloba yvelasaTvis gasagebia, magram, TanamSromloba 

rom Sedges, aucilebelia orive mxaris neba. maswavlebelma, am 

SemTxvevaSi, yvelaferi sworad gaakeTa mSobelTan TanamSromlobisTvis, 

magram, samwuxarod, mSobelma ar gamoxata TanamSromlobis survili da 

amis mizezi, upirveles yovlisa, aris misi araswori warmodgena maswavleblis 

da sakuTar movaleobebze. sasurveli iqneba, Tu pedagogi ar 

Sewyvets mSobelTan urTierTobis mcdelobas da Seecdeba, delikaturad 

gaesaubros mSobels, daanaxos, ramdenad mniSvnelovania bavSvisa- 

Tvis maTi erToblivi da SeTanxmebuli moqmedeba. 


miuxedavad im umadurobisa da uxeSobisa, romelic keTilsindisier 

maswavlebels Tavis pedagogiur praqtikaSi SeiZleba Sexvdes, man unda 

gamoiCinos moTmineba da ganagrZos movaleobis Sesruleba. dRes Tu ara 

xval is Tavisi saqmianobiT daarwmunebs mSobels TanamSromlobis aucileblobaSi. 

maswavlebelma unda gamoiyenos mSoblebis saswavlo procesSi 

CarTvis sxvadasxva strategia. gaacnos mSoblebs moswavleTa, maswavlebelTa 

da mSobelTa uflebebi da movaleobani. ra Tqma unda, yvelaferi 

amis gakeTeba maswavleblisagan damatebiT drosa da energias moiTxovs, 

magram, samagierod, igi SeiZens mokavSire mSoblebs, romlebTan Tanam- 

Sromlobac moswavleTa motivaciasa da pasuxismgeblobas sagrZnoblad 

aamaRlebs da pedagogs saswavlo da disciplinaruli miznebis miRwevaSi 

daexmareba. 

17


18

situacia #3 

mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `Cemi Svili VII klasSia. iseTi samsaxuri maqvs, skolaSi 

ver mivdivar, amitom misi niSnebis Sesaxeb araferi vici. erTxel 

skolaSi saRamos mivedi. magram aravin damxvda xelovnebis maswavleblis 

garda, romelsac skolaSi xatvis wre aqvs. swored is damexmara, rom Cemi 

Svilis niSnebi JurnalSi menaxa. vnaxe, magram bevri veraferi gavige. ra- 

Rac komponentebis mixedviT afaseben. Cems Svils mxolod ramdenime saganSi 

ewera qula. kidec gavifiqre, ase iSviaTad ratom iZaxeben-meTqi. 

rogorc iqna, mSobelTa krebaze misvla movaxerxe. damrigebelma Sefasebebi 

gagvacno. saxtad davrCi. Cems Svils TiTqmis yvela saganSi dabali 

Sefaseba hqonda. damrigebels sayveduri vuTxari: ki magram sad iyaviT, 

aqamde ratom ar SematyobineT, aseTi mdgomareoba Tu hqonda-meTqi. damrigebelma 

yvelas winaSe uxeSad mipasuxa: ufro xSirad unda iaroT skolaSio. 

ra vqna, samsaxurs Tavi davanebo?..~ 

maswavlebeli: 

dRes iseTi viTareba Seiqmna, rom Svilis aRzrdasTan erTad mSoblebis 

umetesoba didi datvirTviT muSaobs da xSirad, survilis miuxedavad, 

Svils saTanado yuradRebas ver uTmobs. gansaxilveli SemTxvevis 

mTxrobeli qalbatonic swored aseTi dedebis ricxvs miekuTvneba. 

mis monaTxrobSi igZnoba gulistkivili imis gamo, rom Svils saTanado 

yuradRebasa da dros ver uTmobs. moswavlis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb 

maswavlebelma mSobels sistematurad unda miawodos informacia. 

Tu moswavlis akademiuri moswreba gauaresdeba, maswavlebelma aucileblad 

unda iTanamSromlos moswavlis mSobelTan, Caataros masTan 

individualuri Sexvedrebi, daadginos bavSvis akademiuri moswrebis 

gauaresebis mizezebi da mSobelTan erTad eZebos problemis mogvarebis 

SesaZlo gzebi. 

garda amisa, maswavlebels, kerZod ki damrigebels, unda hqondes 

yvela mSoblis sakontaqto informacia, raTa, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, 

dauyovnebliv SeZlos masTan dakavSireba. mocemuli situaciis mixedviT, 

pedagogma ara Tu droulad acnoba mSobels bavSvis akademiuri 

moswrebis Sesaxeb, aramed damsaxurebuli sayveduris mosmenac ar isurva. 

maswavlebels unda moexerxebina mSoblisaTvis informaciis miwodeba 

19

Svilis akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb, imis miuxedavad, ra sixSiriT ivlida 

mSobeli skolaSi. 

fsiqologi: 

akademiuri moswrebisa da/an qcevis gauaresebis SemTxvevaSi, sagnis 

pedagogma amis Sesaxeb dauyovnebliv unda acnobos mSobels an klasis 

xelmZRvanels, Tu igi TviTon ver SeZlebs mSobelTan dakavSirebas. 

ufro metic, ar aris sakmarisi mSoblisaTvis ganmsazRvreli Sefasebebis 

(niSnebis) Sesaxeb informaciis miwodeba. ufro mniSvnelovania ganmavi- 

Tarebeli Sefaseba, romelic mSobels daanaxvebs Svilis Zlier da sust 

mxareebs da miawvdis xarvezebis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb rekomendaciebs. 


bavSvis problemebis Taobaze maswavlebelTan misul mSobels pedagogi 

aucileblad Tavazianad da gagebiT unda esaubros. mSobelTan TanamSromlobiT 

gacilebiT ufro iolia moswavlis problemebis mizezebis 

dadgena da SemdgomSi am problemebis mogvareba. 

skolam unda SeimuSavos moswavleTa akademiuri moswrebis Sesaxeb 

mSobelTaTvis informaciis miwodebis sistema (magaliTad, zogierT 

skolaSi arsebobs eleqtronuli Jurnalebis, zogSi _ mokle teqsturi 

SetyobinebebiT mimoweris praqtika, Tumca tradiciuli werilobiTi mimowera 

komunikaciis yvelaze xelsayreli formaa). 

radgan mSobels gauWirda Sefasebis axal sistemaSi garkveva, sasurvelia, 

skolam mSoblebisaTvis Caataros Sexvedrebi Sefasebis mravalkomponentiani 

modelis asaxsnelad. SesaZlebelia ganmartebiTi xasiaTis 

bukletebis dabeWdva da gavrcelebac. 

20


21

situacia #4 

mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `Cveni ojaxi mZime ekonomiuri pirobebis gamo ori 

wlis win raionidan TbilisSi gadmovida sacxovreblad. Sesabamisad, Cemi 

Svilic dedaqalaqis erT-erT skolaSi miviyvane. sanam raionSi vcxovrobdiT, 

Cemi gogona Zalian kargad swavlobda. klasSi yvelaze maRali niSnebi 

hyavda. mas Semdeg, rac TbilisSi gadmovediT, bavSvma swavlas jer uklo 

da mere saerTod aiRo xeli. skolaSi wasvla ezareboda, gakveTilebs 

aRar amzadebda. mizezi vkiTxe. Cemma Svilma miTxra, rom Tavs daCagrulad 

grZnobs, klaselebTan, faqtobrivad, kontaqti ara aqvs, maswavlebeli 

gakveTils iSviaTad ekiTxeba da niSansac ar uwers. bavSvi Tavis TavSi 

Caiketa da aRar mekontaqteboda. daxmarebisaTvis klasis damrigebels 

mivmarTe, raTa bavSvi sul ar wasuliyo xelidan. damrigebelma veraferi 

mirCia. gadavwyvite, Svili sxva skolaSi gadameyvana. madloba RmerTs, ase 

moviqeci. winaswar davelaparake skolis direqtors, avuxseni Cemi Svilis 

problemebi da sxva skolaSi gadayvanis mizezi. axla bavSvi iq Tavs ukeTesad 

grZnobs, megobrebi gaiCina da swavlasac moumata.~ 

fsiqologi: 

mSoblis monaTxrobidan Cans, rom ojaxi cxovrobda raionSi, sadac 

gogona saukeTeso moswavle iyo. savaraudod, igi miCveulia klasSi pirvelobas. 

axal skolaSi, sadac, rogorc Cans, ufro Zlieri bavSvebi arian, 

vidre mis Zvel klasSi. SesaZlebelia, man ver moipova iseTive aRiareba, 

rogorsac SeCveuli iyo. mas, bunebrivia, gauWirdeboda Segueba 

imasTan, rom is aRaraa saukeTeso. bavSvisaTvis swavlis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi 

xelSemwyobi faqtori garSemomyofebis aRiarebaa. rogorc 

Cans, moswavle gogonas problemebs swored amis deficiti gansazRvravs. 

amas emateba isic, rom dedaqalaqis skolaSi gadmosvlis Semdeg, rogorc 

gulistkiviliT aRniSnavs mSobeli, mas maswavlebeli gakveTils iSviaTad 

ekiTxeba da niSansac ar uwers. axal klasSi gogonas arc megobrebi hyavs. 

yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan Cans, rom bavSvma ver daamyara misTvis sasurveli 

urTierTobebi verc TanaklaselebTan da verc pedagogebTan. 

skolis Secvla Zalian bevri bavSvisTvis did problemas warmoadgens. 

maT xSirad uWirT axal garemosTan, axal adamianebTan Segueba. SesaZloa, 

amas Tavi damoukideblad ver gaarTvan da daxmareba dasWirdeT. swored 

aseTi SemTxvevaa aRwerili zemoT mocemul magaliTSi. amitom sasurve- 

22

lia, pirvel periodSi axal moswavles daeTmos ufro meti yuradReba, 

maswavlebeli Seecados, xeli Seuwyos mas TanaklaselebTan pozitiuri 

urTierTobebis damyarebaSi. pedagogma amisaTvis SeiZleba gamoiyenos 

rogorc saskolo dro, aseve skolis gareT dagegmili RonisZiebebi. 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavleblis profesiuli valia aqtiuri TanamSromloba TiToeuli 

moswavlis mSobelTan. mocemuli situaciis Tanaxmad, TanamSromlobis 

iniciativa modioda moswavlis mSoblis mxridan, romelic kargad acnobierebda 

klasis damrigeblis rols. magram TanamSromloba ver Sedga, 

radgan moswavlis mSobels klasis damrigebelma veraferi urCia. man ver 

SeZlo iseTi garemos Seqmna, romelic axalgadmosul moswavlesa da mis 

danarCen Tanaklaselebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebis Camoyalibebas 

Seuwyobda xels. 

maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, pedagogma ìcis, 

rogor Camoayalibos moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi...~ 

(maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7), rasac, samwuxarod, ver axerxebs 

situaciaSi aRwerili maswavlebeli. 


maswavlebels marTebda, ufro meti yuradReba gamoeCina axali 

moswavlis mimarT. sasurvelia, skolas axali moswavlis ucxo garemosTan 

integraciisaTvis hqondes erTgvari rituali, moswavlis daxvedris 

ceremoniali. rodesac klasSi axali moswavle gadmodis, rekomendebulia, 

rom maswavlebelma moawyos `bavSvis miReba~, warudginos, 

gaacnos igi klass, auxsnas sxvebs, rom is xdeba maTi Tanaklaseli da 

axali megobari; pedagogs SeuZlia, dagegmos aqtivobebi, romlebic xels 

Seuwyobs axalmosuli moswavlis klasSi integracias. msgavs situacieb- 

Si pedagogebma (da/an skolis fsiqologma, Tu amis saWiroeba Seiqmneba) 

unda imuSaon klasis moswavleebTan tolerantobis grZnobis gasaRviveblad, 

aswavlon bavSvebs Tanatolebis miReba da pativiscema. 

23


24

situacia #5 

moswavle gviambobs: „Cems klasel papunas laparaki uWirs, is Zalian nela 

saubrobs da Tan ena ebmis. Cemi azriT, maswavlebeli mas ar eqcevakargad 

. imis nacvlad, rom yuradReba gamoiCinos mis mimarT, papunas saubars 

awyvetinebs da ar aclis azris bolomde gamoTqmas. arada, papuna Zalian 

kargad mecadineobs da bevri ram icis. sxva moswavleebi, romlebic masze 

karg niSnebs iReben, davalebas misgan iweren xolme. maswavlebeli papunas 

axla ukve Zalian iSviaTad iZaxebs da maSinac mouTmenlad elodeba, 

rodis gascems igi pasuxs. erTi pasuxis gacema rom ar aqvs damTavrebuli, 

meore SekiTxvas usvams. me vici, rom papuna Zalian ganicdis amas da 

mecodeba. maswavlebeli usamarTlod eqceva. ra misi bralia, rom laparaki 

uWirs.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavleblis amgvari qmedeba, marTalia, pedagogiurad ar aris 

gamarTlebuli, magram gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes agreTve maswavleblis 

mdgomareobac. maswavlebels klasSi bevri moswavle hyavs, misi 

sagakveTilo dro ki winaswar gansazRvrulia. maswavleblisaTvis rTulia, 

garkveul droze meti dauTmos romelime moswavles. mas samuSao 

aqvs danarCen moswavleebTanac. uyuradRebod ar unda darCes mTeli 

klasi erTi moswavlis gamo, magram am moswavles metyvelebis problema 

aqvs da mas orjer meti dro sWirdeba codnis gadmosacemad, vidre mis 

Tanaklaselebs. pedagogi dgas eTikuri da profesiuli dilemis winaSe, 

romlis gadawyveta arc Tu ise advilia. 

fsiqologi: 

papunas aqvs problema – metyvelebis neli tempi da enaborZikoba. 

saqarTvelos skolebSi inergeba inkluziuri ganaTleba. misi erT-erTi 

ZiriTadi principia, rom TiToeul bavSvs unda hqondes ganaTlebis miRebis 

SesaZlebloba misi unarebisa da moTxovnilebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. 

25

maswavlebeli unda exmarebodes bavSvs problemebis daZlevaSi. am 

SemTxvevaSi pedagogi araTu exmareba moswavles siZneleebis gadalaxva- 

Si, aramed aris imis safrTxe, rom misi araadekvaturi damokidebuleba 

bavSvis fsiqologiuri problemebis mizezi gaxdeba. papuna, SesaZloa, 

daiTrgunos, amgvarma damokidebulebam uaryofiTad imoqmedos mis 

TviTSefasebasa da swavlis motivaciaze. 

sasurvelia, rom maswavlebelma papuna gamoiZaxos imave sixSiriT, 

rogoriTac misi Tanaklaselebi, raTa bavSvma Tavi sxvebisagan gansxvavebulad, 

sxvebze cudad ar igrZnos. Tu maswavlebeli metyvelebis 

problemebis gamo ufro iSviaTad gamoiZaxebs bavSvs, SesaZloa, papunas 

dauqveiTdes davalebebis momzadebis, gakveTilze aqtivobis motivacia. 

yovelive es ki Zalian cud zegavlenas moaxdens rogorc mis fizikur 

unarebze, aseve akademiur moswrebaze. 

skolis administraciam unda uzrunvelyos im maswavleblebis Sexvedra, 

romlebic papunas aswavlian, raTa maT erTad imsjelon arsebuli 

problemis gadaWris SesaZlo gzebze. es iseTi SemTxvevaa, rodesac 

muSaobaSi CarTuli unda iyos skolis fsiqologi an logopedi. aseve 

mSoblebis informireba da saswavlo procesSi CarTuloba erT-erTi aucilebeli 

pirobaa problemis warmatebiT mosagvareblad. 


maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT: „maswavlebeli icnobs 

inkluziuri ganaTlebis... principebs da iyenebs mas sakuTari praqtikis 

dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaSi.“ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti 

gv. 7) papunas SemTxveva swored inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebis codnas 

moiTxovs maswavleblisagan. samwuxarod, maswavlebeli ver axerxebs 

imas, rom individualurad miudges moswavles. amiT igi ugulebelyofs 

erovnuli saswavlo gegmis erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan moTxovnas _ 

orientacias TiToeul moswavleze: „saganmanaTleblo procesis centrSi 

dgas TiToeuli moswavle...“ da `gaTvaliswinebulia moswavlis fizikuri 

da fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi~...(erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2009, gv.6) 

pedagogis qmedeba ewinaaRmdegeba iseT mniSvnelovan, saerTaSoriso 

samarTlebriv dokumentsac, rogoricaa „bavSvis uflebaTa konvencia“, 

romlis mixedviT „sakuTari Tavis rwmenis“ gaZliereba aRzrdisa da ganaTlebis 

pirveli rigis amocanad aris dasaxuli (ix. bavSvis uflebebis 

konvencia, muxli 22. 1.). 

26

pedagogi Tavisi qceviT urTierTpativiscemisa da adamianis uflebaTa 

dacvis magaliTs unda aZlevdes moswavleebs, raTa gansxvavebulis 

mimarT mimRebloba da Semwynarebloba Camouyalibos maT. imisaTvis, rom 

maswavleblis qmedeba ar ewinaaRmdegebodes arc papunas da arc danar- 

Ceni moswavleebis interesebs, maswavlebels SeuZlia SesTavazos bavSvs, 

rom misi survilis SemTxvevaSi, papunam pasuxi werilobiT gasces, raTa 

ar moxdes misi metyvelebis problemis xazgasma. 

27


28

situacia #6 

moswavle mogviTxrobs: „CemTvis miuRebelia, rodesac maswavleblebi 

Tavs gvaxveven TavianT politikur Sexedulebebs. me piradad Zalian 

apolitikuri var, magram erTi Cemi Tanaklaseli mudam Tvals adevnebs 

politikur movlenebs. erTxel biologiis maswavlebelma gakveTilze 

daiwyo mTavrobis lanZRva, Cemi Tanaklaseli ki SeekamaTa da daicva 

xelisufleba. amaze maswavlebeli Zalian gabrazda da Cxubi dauwyo: 

`Sen da Sens ojaxs xels gaZlevT es mTavroba, Torem rogor SeiZleba 

am xelisuflebis mxardaWera da a.S.~ mas Semdeg maswavlebeli gadaekida 

Cems Tanaklasels. xSirad daumsaxurebel SeniSvnebs aZlevda, ufro 

mkacrad ekiTxeboda gakveTils da imaze nakleb niSans uwerda, vidre 

ekuTvnoda.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

bevri adamiani sistematurad adevnebs Tvals politikur movlenebs 

da mkveTrad gamoxatuli emociuri damokidebuleba aqvs xelisuflebis 

an romelime opoziciuri politikuri dajgufebis mimarT. magram, 

rogoric unda iyos konkretuli adamianis azri da Sexeduleba raime 

movlenaze, mas unda SeeZlos gansxvavebuli azris mosmena da miRebac. es 

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania maSin, rodesac saqme exeba maswavlebels. 

mas xom, sagnis swavlebis garda, evaleba, moswavleebs sakuTari azris 

gamoxatva da sakuTari Sexedulebebis argumentirebuli dacva aswavlos. 

aRweril situaciaSi ki, maswavlebeli araTu xels uwyobs, aramed kategoriulad 

ewinaaRmdegeba moswavlis mier sakuTari, pedagogisagan gansxvavebuli 

azris gamoxatvis mcdelobas. swored es iqca maswavlebelsa 

da moswavles Soris konfliqtis mizezad. 

fsiqologi: 

saskolo asakis bavSvis politikuri mrwamsi umeteswilad emTxveva 

mis ojaxSi arsebul politikur Sexedulebebs. rodesac mis Sexedule- 

29

ebs aseTi mkveTrad gansxvavebuli azri upirispirdeba maswavleblis 

mxridan, bavSvi unda gaumklavdes SexedulebaTa konfliqts: vin aris 

swori? garda amisa, politikaze debatebi gakveTilis msvlelobisas ar 

aris gamarTlebuli, radgan moswavlem gakveTilze mTeli yuradRebis 

koncentracia codnis aTvisebaze unda moaxdinos da ara msgavs diskusiaze. 

amasTanave, rodesac maswavlebeli Seuracxyofs moswavlesa da 

mis ojaxs, es mozardisaTvis gansakuTrebiT mtkivneulia. 


maswavlebelma ver SeZlo SeenarCunebina simSvide konfliqtur situaciaSi, 

miT umetes, inteleqtualuri konfliqtis dros. 

maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, maswavlebels 

moeTxoveba, rom man icodes da iyenebdes gakveTilis drois marTvis 

efeqtian strategiebs. („maswavlebelma icis gakveTilis drois marTvis 

efeqtiani strategiebi“ maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.7). situaciis 

aRweridan aSkaraa, rom qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri viTarebis 

ganxilvas maswavlebeli gakveTilisaTvis gankuTvnil dros uTmobs 

da ar iyenebs mas maqsimalurad efeqturad saswavlo miznebisa da amocanebis 

misaRwevad. 

rogorc moswavle ambobs, am incindentis Semdeg pedagogi „gadaekida“ 

mis Tanaklasels. Tu maswavlebeli realurad daumsaxureblad 

dabal niSans uwers moswavles, igi ugulebelyofs erovnuli saswavlo 

gegmis moTxovnas, rom moswavle arasaTanado saqcielisaTvis sagnis niSniT 

ar unda daisajos (erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2007, gv.11). igi iRebs 

usamarTlo gadawyvetilebas da niSniT sjis bavSvs araTu „arasaTanado 

saqcielisaTvis“, mxolod da mxolod gansxvavebuli azrisaTvis. 

maswavlebelma maqsimalurad unda Seikavos Tavi gakveTilze moswavleebTan 

Tavisi politikuri Sexedulebebis gamoTqmisagan. Tu moswavleebi 

Seecdebian mis amgvar diskusiaSi CarTvas, SesTavazos maT diskusiis 

gadatana arasagakveTilo dros, daicvas eTikuri normebi sakiTxis 

ganxilvisas da ganxilvis procesSi moswavleebs gansxvavebuli azris 

Semwynareblobis magaliTi misces. 

30


31

situacia #7 

moswavle gviambobs: „bolo dros Tmis cvena damewyo. bevr eqimTan viyavi, 

mkurnalobac Cavitare, magram uSedegod. Tma Tavze TiTqmis aRar 

maqvs. kani miCans. Zalian ganvicdi amas. mTeli zafxuli qudiT davdiodi. 

Zalian vnerviulobdi imaze, rom klasSi bavSvebi damcinebdnen. skolaSic 

qudiT mivedi da ase davdiodi. erT-erTi maswavlebeli mTeli kviris 

ganmavlobaSi SeniSvnas maZlevda da daJinebiT mTxovda qudis moxdas. me 

ar vemorCilebodi. erTxelac, gakveTilze SesvlisTanave, kategoriulad 

gamomicxada: an quds moixdi, an gabrZandi gakveTilidano. me gakve- 

Tilidan gamosvla varCie.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

klasSi moswavlis qudiT jdoma qcevis miRebul normebs ewinaaRmdegeba. 

es klasisa da maswavleblisadmi erTgvari upativcemulo damokidebulebis 

gamoxatulebad miiCneva. amitom maswavleblis reaqcia 

bunebrivia. moswavlis daumorCileblobam is kidev ufro gaaRiziana da, 

savaraudod, amiT aris gamowveuli misi kategoriuli toni. 

faqtia: klasSi situacia garTulda. miuxedavad zemoTqmulisa, cxadia, 

rom brali amaSi didwilad maswavlebels miuZRvis da ai ratom: pedagogi 

ar dainteresebula, ratom ar ixdida, misi daJinebuli Txovnis 

miuxedavad, moswavle quds. Sesabamisad, igi ver moipovebda moswavlis 

TvalSi ndobas, rom bavSvs misTvis gaeziarebina problema, romelsac 

Tavad esoden tragikulad aRiqvamda. moswavlis ndobis mopovebis erTerTi 

saukeTeso gza moswavleTa azrebisadmi gulisyuriTa da seriozulobiT 

mokideba da maTi piradi problemebiT dainteresebaa. pedagogi 

unda iyos mrCeveli ara marto saswavlo procesSi warmoqmnili 

siZneleebis gadalaxvaSi, aramed, moswavlis survilis SemTxvevaSi, daexmaros 

mas piradi problemebis mogvarebaSic. 

32


pedagogma Tavisi Seuvali principulobiT Seqmna konfliqturi situacia. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom moswavlis klasidan gaSvebiT maswavlebelma 

dauSva kidev erTi Secdoma: mozardi datova umeTvalyureod. amiT man 

uRalata profesiul pasuxismgeblobas. saswavlo procesis dros pedagogma 

unda uzrunvelyos TiToeuli moswavlis usafrTxoeba (sxvaTaSoris, 

ara marto fizikuri, aramed inteleqtualuri da emociuric). Tu 

gakveTilis mimdinareobisas bavSvs raime SeemTxveva, pasuxi, upirveles 

yovlisa, mas moeTxoveba. 

emociuri usafrTxoeba aranakleb mniSvnelovania, vidre fizikuri. 

maswavlebels unda Seeqmna klasSi iseTi situacia, rom bavSvs Tavisi 

gansxvavebulobis gamo uxerxulad ar egrZno Tavi da gaeqarwylebina 

misTvis Tanaklaselebis dacinvis SiSi. 

fsiqologi: 

pedagogs, bunebrivia, ar unda gaeSva bavSvi klasidan. gakveTilis 

msvlelobisas aRar unda gaemaxvilebina yuradReba moswavlis gajiute- 

33

aze, gakveTilebis dasrulebis Semdeg ki gasaubreboda bavSvs. albaT, 

ar moiZebneba maswavlebeli, romelic gaigebda qudis tarebis namdvil 

mizezs da ar miscemda moswavles skolaSi TavsaburaviT siarulis 

uflebas. 

sanam moswavles SeniSvnebiT aavsebda, mas unda ecada jer bavSvTan 

pirispir saubari. Tu moswavle ar gaumJRavnebda mas sakuTar problemas, 

miemarTa mSoblisTvis, romlisganac is gaigebda bavSvis qcevis 

namdvil motivs. Seityobda ra moswavlis qcevis namdvil mizezs, maswavlebels 

yvelaferi unda eRona, rom bavSvs ufro msubuqad aReqva Tavisi 

problema. is unda gasaubreboda klass, magram ara konkretulad am bi- 

Wis problemaze (sasurvelia, ara misi TandaswrebiT). maT erTad unda 

emsjelaT Semwynareblobis, TanagrZnobis mniSvnelobaze. 

34


35

situacia #8 

moswavle gviambobs: „myavs erTi maswavlebeli, romelic, imis gamo, 

rom ver axerxebs bavSvebis gaCerebas, masalis axsnas ver aswrebs da 

gakveTils auxsnelad gvaZlevs. Sedegad misi sagani klasSi aravin ar 

icis. Tumca amas yvelaze ver vityvi, radgan mas hyavs amorCeuli orisami 

bavSvi SeZlebuli ojaxebidan da maT calke amecadinebs. mere sxvadasxva 

konkursze (konferenciebi, olimpiadebi...) gahyavs da, rogorc 

vici, ramdenjerme gaimarjves kidec. yovelTvis guli mwydeboda, Zalian 

mindoda, mec mimeRo monawileoba am konkursebSi, vTxove kidec maswavlebels, 

CemTvisac moeca amis saSualeba, magram arc momismina.” 

maswavlebeli: 

moswavleTa udisciplinoba warmatebuli saswavlo procesis umTavresi 

xelisSemSleli faqtoria. disciplinis SenarCuneba ki mxolod 

moswavleTa interesis gamowveviTa da saintereso gakveTilebis CatarebiTaa 

SesaZlebeli. mocemulobis mixedviT maswavlebeli ver axerxebs 

moswavleTa yuradRebis mipyrobas da gakveTilze wesrigis damyarebas, 

bavSvebs gakveTils auxsnelad aZlevs. maswavleblis dabal profesiul 

kompetencias emateba is arakeTilsindisieri qmedebac, rom rom mas ramdenime 

moswavle hyavs amorCeuli, romlebic sxvadasxva SejibrebaSi imarjveben, 

danarCeni moswavleebi ki TiTqmis ucodinrebi arian. 


rogorc monaTxrobidan Cans, maswavlebels ar SeuZlia klasis mar- 

Tva da Sedegebic savalaloa. (`TiTqmis mTeli klasi ucodinrebi varT~). 

igi ver akmayofilebs profesiuli standartis moTxovnebs, romelTa 

mixedviTac maswavlebeli: àcnobierebs klasis marTvis stilis gavlenas 

moswavlis ganwyobaze, qcevasa da swavlis Sedegebze~ (maswavleblis 

profesiuli standarti, gv.7 ) icis `gakveTilis drois marTvis efeqtiani 

strategiebi~ (iqve gv.7 ) da icis `swavlis motivaciis amaRlebis 

36

strategiebi da aanalizebs maT SesaZlo Sedegs konkretul situaciaSi~ 

(iqve gv. 8). 

maswavlebels seriozuli problemebi aqvs profesiuli unar-Cvevebis 

naklebobis gamo. amis gamosworeba SeiZleba Teoriuli codnis gaRrmavebisa 

da praqtikuli gamocdilebis dagrovebis gziT. imaves ver vityviT 

mis qcevaze, romelic ar Seesabameba eTikur normebs. rogorc 

moswavlis monaTxrobidan Cans, am maswavleblis mier kerZod momzadebuli 

moswavleebi sxvadasxva konkursSi imarjveben. e. i. maswavlebels, 

rogorc sagnis specialists, Seswevs unari, maRal Sedegs miaRwios, 

roca amis survili aqvs. aqedan SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom misi problemebi 

ufro eTikuria, vidre profesiuli. 

moswavle gulistkiviliT aRniSnavs, rom pedagogi mikerZoebulia. 

igi gansakuTrebulad eqceva ekonomiurad SeZlebuli mSoblebis Svilebs. 

amiT is seriozul safrTxes uqmnis mozardebis sulier samyaros da arakeTilsindisierebis 

magaliTs aZlevs maT. 

sakuTari moswavleebis kerZod momzadeba ewinaaRmdegeba pedagogiuri 

eTikis principebs.maswavleblis profesiuli valdebulebaa, yvela 

moswavles Tanabari yuradReba dauTmos da sakuTari SesaZleblobebis 

gamovlenis saSualeba misces. moswavle-maswavleblis urTierToba miukerZoeblobis 

safrTxis winaSe dgeba, rac warmatebuli saswavlo process 

saSiSroebas uqmnis. sakuTari moswavlis kerZod momzadebiT ilaxeba 

agreTve danarCeni moswavleebis interesebi da uflebebi. 

fsiqologi: 

maswavlebelma keTilsindisierad unda Seasrulos Tavisi movaleoba 

da keTilsindisierebis magaliTi unda misces Tavis moswavleebs. mas 

unda hqondes erTnairi damokidebuleba yvela bavSvisadmi. savsebiT 

SesaZlebelia, rom moswavleebis daumorCilebloba erTgvari protesti 

da upativcemulobis gamoxatulebaa pedagogis mimarT zogierTi bavSvisadmi 

misi damokidebulebis gamo. 

maswavlebeli unda gaecnos da daeuflos klasis marTvis strategiebsa 

da sagnis swavlebis efeqtur meTodebs. Tu igi mainc ver SeZlebs 

bavSvebis gakveTilze gaCerebas, daxmarebisaTvis mimarTos klasis damrigebels, 

skolis administraciasa da skolis fsiqologs. 

37


38

situacia #9 

moswavle gviambobs: „erTxel maswavlebelma gakveTilis axsna daiwyo. 

es iseTi sakiTxi iyo, romelzec cota informacia winaswar mqonda, saubarma 

Zalian damainteresa. ramdenime SekiTxva davusvi. Tavidan mipasuxa, 

magram mere SevamCnie, rom am sakiTxze amomwuravi informacia arc 

Tavad hqonda da Semdegi kiTxva rom davusvi, Zalian uxeSad mipasuxa. me 

ver moviTmine da klasidan gavedi.. maswavlebelma Cemi mSobeli daibara, 

direqciaSic ganacxada, rom me gakveTili TviTneburad mivatove. Cemi 

simarTle ver davamtkice da Zalian gulnatkeni davrCi.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavleblisaTvis mZimea iseT situaciaSi yofna, rodesac mas 

moswavlis mier dasmul SekiTxvaze saTanado pasuxi ar aqvs. moswavleebs 

eWvi SeaqvT maswavleblis kompetenciaSi, magram aRweril situaciaSi 

maswavleblis qmedebas mainc ar aqvs gamarTleba. imis gamo, rom mas 

moswavlis mier dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxi ar hqonda, sakuTari profesiuli 

„prestiJis gadarCenis“ aramarTebuli gza airCia. gaRizianebulma 

moswavles sityvieri Seuracxyofa miayena. 

pedagogi valdebulia klasSi Seqmnas iseTi garemo, rom bavSvebi ar 

SeizRudon gakveTilze sakuTari azrebis gamoxatvisas. maT unda See- 

ZloT, dasvan yvela kiTxva, romlebzec pasuxi ainteresebT. 

maswavlebeli, romelic ver axerxebs sakuTari emociebis moTokvas 

da iolad SeuZlia adamianebisaTvis Seuracxyofis miyeneba, ver iqneba 

misabaZi magaliTi moswavleebisaTvis. 

pedagogma mSobels acnoba, rom bavSvma gakveTili datova da, erTi 

SexedviT, sworadac moiqca, magram maswavlebelma mSobeli sasayvedurod 

daibara da direqciaSic ganacxada, rom moswavlem gakveTili TviTneburad 

miatova. gakveTilis mitoveba TavisTavad araswori saqcielia, 

magram pedagogma arc mSobels da arc direqcias namdvili mizezi ar 

gaacno. man Seuracxyo moswavle mxolod imis gamo, rom mis kiTxvaze 

pasuxi ar hqonda, moswavlemac amis pasuxad datova gakveTili. 

39

fsiqologi: 

pedagogma, pirvel rigSi, TviTon unda gaiazros, rom ar arsebobs 

yovlismcodne adamiani. Semdeg ki auxsnas Tavis moswavleebsac, rom Seu- 

Zlebelia icode amqveynad yvelaferi, ufro metic: sruliad dasaSvebia, 

erT konkretul sakiTxzec ki ar gqondes amomwuravi informacia. Tu 

maswavlebeli TviTon miiCnevs, rom yvelafris codna SesaZlebelia, igi 

bavSvebsac Seuqmnis amis iluzias. SesaZloa, realur situaciaSi moswavleebs 

gauCndeT sakuTari ususurobis gancda da CamouyalibdeT dabali 

TviTSefaseba. 

maswavlebels vurCevT, rom sxva dros ar miiRos pirad Seuracxyofad 

moswavlis SekiTxva. dahpirdes mas, rom momavali gakveTilisTvis 

daazustebs pasuxs da SeZlebisdagvarad amomwurav informacias miawvdis. 

es sulac ar daakninebs mis profesiul kompetenturobas. piriqiT, 

amiT maswavlebeli moipovebs moswavleTa ndobas. 


maRalkvalificiurma pedagogma unda aswavlos moswavleebs, rogor 

moipovon maT sasurveli informacia ama Tu im sakiTxze. erovnuli saswavlo 

gegmis mixedviT, swavla niSnavs ara marto informaciis SeZenas, 

aramed agreTve unar-Cvevebisa da damokidebulebis ganviTarebas. saswavlo 

procesSi ZiriTadi aqcenti mimarTulia saazrovno da TviTmarTvis 

unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaze. (damatebiTi informacia ixileT 

meTodologiur saxelmZRvaneloSi: „rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs 

azrovneba“ (erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2007) 

moswavle unda axerxebdes misTvis sasurveli informaciis mopovebas 

damoukideblad. TviTmarTvis am unaris CamoyalibebaSi mas maswavleblis 

daxmareba sWirdeba. pedagogi am SemTxvevaSi xdeba mrCeveli. igi 

moswavles miuTiTebs im SesaZlo wyaroebze (wignebi, kvlevebi, angariSebi, 

eleqtronuli informacia), romlebic SeiZleba sakiTxis garSemo arsebobdes. 

sasurvelia, pedagogma SesTavazos moswavles, rom maT erTad 

moiZion informacia. SesaZloa, maswavleblis daxmarebiT bavSvma moxsenebac 

gaakeTos misTvis saintereso sakiTxis Sesaxeb klasis winaSe. 

40


41

situacia #10 

mSobeli gviambobs: `Cemi bavSvi mousvenaria, magram, amave dros, maswavleblebi 

amboben, rom Zalian niWieria. nikas yvelaferi ainteresebs. 

is xSirad winaswar kiTxulobs saskolo wignebs da advilad iTvisebs 

wakiTxuls. magram es problemad gadaiqca, radgan maswavlebeli meubneba: 

`Tqveni Svili saswavlo process arRvevs imiT, rom axal masalas 

Cemze win hyveba da koncentracias kargavs~. amisaTvis nika maswavlebelma 

ramdenjerme dasaja saganSi cudi quliT. skolaSi rom mivedi da 

pedagogs vTxove, mieciT ufro rTuli davaleba, romlis Sesrulebac 

misTvis Zalian advili ar iqneba-meTqi, man mipasuxa: `programiT mivdivar...~ 

maswavlebeli: 

aSkaraa problemuri situaciis arseboba, romelic Tu ar daregulirda, 

gaamwvavebs maswavleblis, mSoblisa da moswavlis urTierTobebs, 

xels SeuSlis gakveTilis efeqtur mimdinareobas da, rac mTavaria, nikas 

saswavlo motivacias sagrZnoblad gaauaresebs. advili warmosadgenia, 

ramdenad rTulia pedagogisaTvis, rodesac bavSvi gakveTilis msvlelobisas 

xSirad xmamaRla wamoiZaxebs jer kidev bolomde dausmel kiTxvebze 

swor pasuxebs. amiT moswavle marto Tavad ki ar kargavs koncentracias, 

sxva moswavleebis yuradRebasac iqcevs, rac, cxadia, aferxebs maT 

CarTvas saswavlo procesSi. 

fsiqologi: 

moswavlis saqcielis motivi SesaZloa iyos Semdegi: bavSvebisaTvis 

Zalian mniSvnelovania garSemo myofebis Sefaseba. maT uCndebaT bunebrivi 

survili, warmoaCinon TavianTi SesaZleblobebi da codna da 

amiT daimsaxuron ufrosebisa da Tanaklaselebis aRiareba. savarau- 

42

dod, am SemTxvevaSi swored es motivi gansazRvravs nikas qcevas. maswavlebels 

uWirs bavSvis qcevis marTva, radgan, rogorc Cans, ar icis 

xerxebi da saSualebebi, romlebic daexmareba moswavlis gakveTiliT 

dainteresebasa da misi qcevis regulaciaSi. maswavleblis profesiuli 

standartis erT-erT mniSvnelovan moTxovnas warmoadgens: maswavlebelma 

ìcis saswavlo procesis dagegmva... moswavleTa individualuri 

Taviseburebebis... gaTvaliswinebiT;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli 

standarti, gv.8) 


yvela moswavles da maT Soris specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis 

mqone moswavleebsac aqvT ufleba, miiRon ganaTleba TavianTi 

unarebisa da SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisad. specialuri saganmanaTleblo 

saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebSi igulisxmebian iseTi 

bavSvebic, romelTa unarebis ganviTareba uswrebs Sesabamis asakobriv 

normebs. maswavlebeli valdebulia, miudges moswavles individualurad 

da misces misi SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis Sesabamisi 

davalebebi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi bavSvs gauWirdeba yuradRebis 

koncentracia misTvis nacnob, advil da, amdenad, uintereso masalaze. 

es gamoiwvevs misi qcevis gauaresebas da swavlis unar-Cvevebis 

daqveiTebas. 

maswavlebeli ar iTvaliswinebs erovnuli saswavlo gegmis moTxovnas: 

`moswavle arasaTanado saqcielisaTvis sagnis niSniT ar unda daisajos.~ 

(erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2007, gv.11) da dabali niSniT araerTgzis 

sjis mas, rac bavSvis mier, savaraudod, aRiqmeba rogorc mis mimarT 

usamarTlo damokidebuleba. 

mSobeli maswavlebels uziarebs sakuTar gulistkivils da sTavazobs 

kidec problemis gadaWris erT-erT gzas, misces mis Svils ufro 

rTuli davaleba. maswavlebeli gulgrilia misi Txovnis mimarT da ar 

cdilobs monaxos bavSvis sagakveTilo procesSi CarTvis gzebi. savsebiT 

kanonzomieri iqneba, rom nikas mSobeli nawyeni da imedgacruebuli 

darCes. mas aqvs safuZveli ifiqros, rom pedagogi mis Svils arasakmaris 

drosa da yuradRebas uTmobs, ris Sedegadac nikas skolaSi 

sakuTari potencialis srulad gamovlenisa da realizebis saSualeba 

43

ar eZleva. 

maswavlebels vurCevT: 

dagegmos saswavlo procesi winaswar imgvarad, rom gaiTvaliswinos 

da daakmayofilos yvela SesaZleblobis moswavlis interesebi da saswavlo 

moTxovnilebebi; 

specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavlesTan imuSaos 

individualuri saswavlo gegmiT: misces diferencirebuli davalebebi, 

riTac CarTavs mas sagakveTilo procesSi; 

iTanamSromlos mSobelTan bavSvis interesebisa da Taviseburebebis 

Sesaxeb informaciis miRebis, problemis gadaWris gzebis erToblivad 

gamonaxvisaTvis; mSobelTan saubrisas warmoaCinos bavSvis Zlieri mxareebi 

da auxsnas misi qcevis uaryofiTi Sedegebic. 

44


45

situacia #11 

pedagogi gviambobs: èrTxel, Sesvenebaze, mecxreklasel vaJs SevamCnie, 

rom Tanaklaselebi gars Semoxveodnen. igi maT mobiluri telefoniT 

raRacas uCvenebda. bavSvebis saxeebSi ucnauri interesi davinaxe, ramac 

damaeWva. roca zari daireka da moswavleebi gakveTilze Sevidnen, biWs 

mobiluri telefoni vTxove, viTomda zaris gasaSvebad. man telefoni 

damitova da Tavad klasSi Sevida. mobiluri davaTvaliere da Cem Tvalwin 

gamaognebeli uxamsoba gadaiSala. moswavles davubrune telefoni 

ise, rom araferi miTqvams misTvis. saRamos davureke mSobels da mxolod 

is vuTxari, iqneb yuradReba mieqcia imisaTvis, Tu ra Canawerebs inaxavda 

misi Svili mobilurSi. Cemda gasaocrad, madlobis nacvlad, meore 

dRes mSobeli momivarda da skandali momiwyo: ra uflebiT SeamowmeT 

Cemi Svilis telefonio. me Sevecade, mSvidad amexsna misTvis, ra ziani 

moaqvs am asakis bavSvebisTvis aseTi uxamsobis yurebas. man Cemi mosmena 

ar isurva.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

rogorc situaciidan Cans, maswavleblis qcevis motivia, xeli Seuwyos 

moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas, rac maswavleblis 

profesiuli standartiTac aris gaTvaliswinebuli. maswavlebelma 

„icis, rogor... Seuwyos xeli moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis 

Camoyalibebas” (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.7). cxadia, rom 

maswavlebeli yuradRebiani da dakvirvebulia. igi sworad moiqca _ dasvenebazec 

ki ar gamoepara moswavleebis saqcieli, Tavi Seikava myiseuli 

reaqciisagan da scada mSobelTan TanamSromloba. 

fsiqologi: 

Tu situacias CavuRrmavdebiT, TvalsaCino xdeba maswavleblis mier 

daSvebuli, SeiZleba uneblie, Secdomebi. 

46

is, rom mecxreklaseli vaJi Sesvenebaze Tavis Tanaklaselebs mobiluri 

telefoniT uxamsobas ayurebinebs, saZraxisi, magram gardatexis 

asakisaTvis prognozirebadi saqcielia. bavSvebs am asakSi uCndebaT 

bunebrivi interesi intimuri Tematikisadmi da cdiloben saTanado 

informaciis, vizualuri masalis mopovebas, romelsac, rogorc wesi, 

Tanatolebsac uziareben. 

moswavlis/moswavleebis zneobaze zrunvis motiviT maswavlebeli 

sargeblobs ndobiT, mobiluridan zaris gaSvebis sababiT, daukiTxavad 

naxulobs telefonSi Senaxul informacias da nanaxis Sesaxeb acnobebs 

moswavlis mSobels. maswavlebeli TiTqos sworad moiqca, magram keTil- 

Sobiluri miznis miRwevis saSualebad man sicrue airCia da am gziT 

moipova sasurveli informacia. es zogadeTikuri problemaa da maswavleblis 

saqcieli am mxriv unda Sefasdes. 

ibadeba kiTxva: ratom ver Sedga konkretul situaciaSi TanamSromloba 

mSobelsa da maswavlebels Soris? mizezi unda veZeboT pedagogis 

mier mSobelTan urTierTobis arasworad arCeul strategiaSi. raki 

saqme exeboda sakmaod delikatur sakiTxs, ukeTesi iqneboda, maswavlebels 

ara telefoniT, aramed piradad esaubra mSobelTan. pedagogma 

ki telefoniT miuTiTa mSobels, rom `miexeda~ Tavisi SvilisaTvis. arc 

erT mSobels ar siamovnebs Svilis Sesaxeb sayvedurebis mosmena, miT 

umetes, Tu sayvedurTan erTad mSobels sakuTar uyuradRebobazec mianiSneben. 


savaraudod, mSoblis gaRizianebis kidev erTi mizezi maswavleblis 

mier aRniSnuli informaciis mopovebis gzaa. mas miaCnia, rom Svilis mier 

Cadenili saqcieli naklebad dasaZraxia (amas asakobrivi TaviseburebiT 

eZebneba gamarTleba), vidre maswavleblisa, romelmac moswavlis ndobiT 

isargebla da ukanonod moipova informacia. pedagogis araeTikuri 

saqcieli SeiZleba uaryofiTad aisaxos moswavlis zneobriv Rirebulebebzec. 

bavSvi CaTvlis, rom sicrue SeiZleba miCneul iqnes sasurveli 

informaciis mopovebis, saerTod, miznis miRwevis, dasaSveb gzad. garda 

amisa, moswavle CaTvlis, rom advilad ar unda endos adamianebs, radgan 

SeiZleba mis mier sxvisTvis gaweuli samsaxuri, am SemTxvevaSi telefonis 

Txoveba, missave sawinaaRmdegod gamoiyenon. amasTanave, erTi pedagogis 

naTqvami sicrue avtomaturad ganzogaddeba, rac mis TvalSi daakninebs, 

47

zogadad, maswavleblis avtoritets. magram ra unda eqna maswavlebels? 

uyuradRebod daetovebina es faqti? 

TavisTavad cxadia, ara, magram mas unda SeerCia ukeTesi momenti, 

rodesac moswavlis ndobis gawbilebisa da sicruis gareSe SeZlebda 

miznis miRwevas. uSualod unda dalaparakeboda bavSvs. am SemTxvevaSi 

mosalodneli iyo, rom maswavlebeli TviTon gaumklavdeboda situacias 

da ar iqneboda saWiro mSoblis Careva. 

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebTan urTierToba aagos gulaxdilobasa 

da gulwrfelobaze; miuTiTos moswavleebs, rom skolaSi 

uxamsobis amsaxveli nivTebis motana an Cveneba yovlad dauSvebelia; mSobelTan 

urTierTobisas uari Tqvas direqtiul tonze da SesTavazos mas 

TanamSromloba problemis gadaWris gzebis ZiebaSi; mSobelTan urTier- 

Tobisas telefoniT dakavSirebas, garda gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevebisa, 

arCios uSualo, pirispir Sexvedra. Tu skolis SinaganawesSi ar aris 

Sesabamisi muxli, rekomendaciiT mimarTos skolis direqcias, gaTvaliswinebuli 

iqnes moswavlis mimarT saxdeli, romelic msgavsi uxamsobis 

amsaxvel nivTebs moitans skolaSi. 

48


49

situacia #12 

mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `zoologiis gakveTilze maswavlebelma 

cxovelis agebuleba auxsna moswavleebs. ninoze am gakveTilma gansakuTrebuli 

STabeWdileba moaxdina. bavSvma roca gaigo, rom cxovelebs 

aqvT guli, kuWi, filtvebi, anu is organoebi, romlebic adamianebsac 

gaaCniaT, Sewyvita xorcis Wama. mSobeli Zalian Sewuxda am ambis 

gamo, radgan Tvlida, rom gardatexis asakSi xorcis miuRebloba bavSvis 

organizmisTvis gansakuTrebiT saxifaToa. SeSfoTebuli mSobeli 

maswavlebelTan mivida, situacia auxsna da daxmareba sTxova. maswavlebelma 

upasuxa: me vxsni gakveTils ise, rogoc mevaleba, Tqveni Svili ras 

SeWams, es Cemi gadasawyveti ar aris, es Tqven TviTon moagvareT...~ 

maswavlebeli: 

yvelasaTvis gasagebia, Tu ramdenad Znelia aTeulobiT bavSvsa da 

maT mSoblebs miudge individualurad, mSvidad da gulisyuriT mousmino 

maT problemebsa Tu pretenziebs. magram aseve Znelia maswavleblis 

gulgrilobis gamarTleba, roca saqme bavSvis janmrTelobas exeba. 

ninos maswavleblis pasuxi _ `me vxsni gakveTils ise, rogoc mevaleba, 

Tqveni Svili ras SeWams, es Cemi gadasawyveti ar aris, es Tqven TviTon 

moagvareT...~_ swored gulgrilobis gamoxatulebaa. darRveulia profesiuli 

eTikis sayrdeni principebi: adamianebis pativiscema da personaluri 

da profesiuli pasuxismgebloba, ugulebelyofilia maswavleblis 

profesiuli standartis moTxovnac: maswavlebeli àcnobierebs 

moswavleebis ganviTarebis asakobriv da individualur Taviseburebebs 

da maT gavlenas swavlebasa da swavlaze.~ (maswavleblis profesiuli 

standarti, gv.6); 

maswavlebeli Tavis erTaderT valdebulebad miiCnevs bavSvisaTvis 

faqtobrivi codnis gadacemas da ugulvebelyofs pirovnebaze orientirebuli 

swavlebis moTxovnas: `saganmanaTleblo procesis centrSi 

dgas TiToeuli moswavle da miRweuli Sedegi; gaTvalsiwinebulia 

moswavlis fizikuri da fsiqikuri SesaZleblobebi da asakTan Sesaferisi 

interesebi.~ (erovnuli saswavlo gegma, xuTi ZiriTadi siaxle, 

2009-2010 , gv. 6). 

50

maswavlebeli sakuTar daniSnulebas xedavs mxolod informaciis gadacemaSi 

da ar interesdeba, rogor aisaxeba es informacia bavSvis fsiqikaze. 

is uCveulo gulgrilobas iCens bavSvis emociuri mdgomareobis 

mimarT. amiT ki ugulebelyofs maswavleblis profesiuli standartis 

moTxovnas: pedagogi „acnobierebs pasuxismgeblobas TiToeuli moswavlis 

pirovnul da socialur ganviTarebaze;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli 

standarti, gv.7). 


am SemTxvevaSi sasurveli iqneboda maswavlebels gamoeTqva Seqmnil 

situaciasTan gamklavebis survili, mSobelTan erTad eZebna problemis 

gadaWris gza, kerZod: 

upirveles yovlisa, gasaubreboda bavSvs, moesmina misi argumentebi; 

aexsna bavSvisTvis, ramdenad mniSvnelovania mozardisaTvis cxoveluri 

cilebi, enzimebi, ra Sedegi SeiZleba moitanos am nivTierebebis 

naklebobam; 

aexsna, rom xorcis WamiT ar irRveva arc religiuri, arc eTikuri 

da moraluri principebi. SesaZloa kidev bevri argumentis moyvana. 

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma gadaxedos mis mier gamoyenebul saswavlo 

meTodebs, masalis miwodebis formebs (mag. SeiZleba is gansakuTrebul 

aqcentebs akeTebs cxovelebisa da adamianebis fizikuri agebulebis 

msgavsebaze). 

fsiqologi: 

isic unda gaiTvaliswinon, rom Tu amis Semdegac bavSvi uars ganacxadebs 

xorcis miRebaze, maSin gamosavali iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli da 

mSoblebi pativs scemen bavSvis gadawyvetilebas da ar SeewinaaRmdegebian 

mis vegetarianelobas. es gamarTlebulia, radgan, rogorc Cans, 

nino Zalian mgrZnobiare bavSvia, amitom Tu mas aiZuleben xorcis Wamas, 

gacilebiT meti ziani miadgeba mis fsiqikas, vidre vegetarianeloba 

miayenebs mis organizms. 

51


52

situacia #13 

skolis direqtori: „mas Semdeg, rac specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis 

mqone moswavleebma (SemoklebiT sssm) gaiares mosamzadebeli 

periodi, gadawyda maTi CarTva zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolis klasSi. 

sxva moswavleTa mSoblebma gamoTqves pretenzia am faqtis gamo, radgan, 

maTi azriT, maswavlebeli ver moaxerxebda yuradRebis saTanadod 

gadanawilebas mTel klasze. garda amisa, specialuri saganmanaTleblo 

saWiroebebis mqone moswavlis klasSi yofna maT Svilebs daTrgunavda. 

damrigebelma problema Semdegnairad gadaWra: sanam Sexvdeboda 

mSoblebs, bavSvebs miawoda informacia specialuri saganmanaTleblo 

saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis Sesaxeb, uTxra, rom isini maT gverdiT 

iswavlidnen. Semdeg sTxova, sakuTari Sexedulebebi da damokidebuleba 

werilobiT gadmoecaT. nawerebis gaanalizebam gamoavlina, rom bavSvebi 

specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis 

mimarT dadebiTad iyvnen ganwyobili da maTTan urTierTobis survili 

hqondaT. arc erT nawerSi ar Canda agresia an SiSi. damrigebelma moiwvia 

mSobelTa kreba, raTa maTTvis gaecno inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebi, 

waukiTxa amonaridebi maTi Svilebis nawerebidan, gaacno maTi damokidebuleba 

mocemul sakiTxze. krebaze Seicvala mSoblebis ganwyoba 

da situacia gamosworda.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi specialuri saganmanaTleblo 

saWiroebebis mqone moswavleebis ganaTleba is sakiTxia, romlis gadawyvetis 

strategia aqamde saqarTveloSi ar arsebobda. xSirad misi 

gadaWris mcdeloba am problemasTan uSualo Sexebis mqone adamianebis 

keTil nebasa da humanurobaze iyo damokidebuli. pedagogisaTvis 

rTulia specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone moswavlesTan 

muSaoba, Tu maswavlebeli ar aris saTanado codniTa da unar-CvevebiT 

aRWurvili. am mimarTulebiT profesiuli ganviTareba gansakuTrebiT 

mniSvnelovania warmatebuli inkluziuri ganaTlebisaTvis. 

53


amJamad inkluziuri ganaTleba saxelmwifos saganmanaTleblo politikis 

ganuyofel da uaRresad mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens da, Sesabamisad, 

SemuSavebulia misi ganxorcielebis pedagogiuri principebica 

da samarTlebrivi bazac. bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis 22.1. muxlis Sesabamisad, 

konvenciis monawile saxelmwifoebSi unda xorcieldebodes 

inkluziuri ganaTleba. sssm moswavleebisaTvis specializebul skolebsa 

Tu klasebSi swavlasTan erTad ganaTlebis miRebis mniSvnelovani 

alternativa unda iyos sajaro skolebi. 

rogorc erT, ise meore midgomas, anu sssm moswavlis ganTavsebas specializebul 

skolaSi an mis integracias Cveulebriv klasSi, aqvs Tavisi 

dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi, magram xSirad sssm moswavleebisaTvis 

gacilebiT efeqturia zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi swavla. swored 

amitom dRes saqarTveloSi farTod gavrcelda inkluziuri ganaTlebis 

idea, romelsac ganaTlebis sferoSi mimdinare reformebma Seuwyo xeli. 

skolis saganmanaTleblo reformis amosaval wertils moswavle da misi 

saswavlo moTxovnilebebi da saWiroebebi warmoadgens. Sesabamisad, saswavlo 

procesi ise unda daigegmos, rom moswavleTa saWiroebebi maqsimalurad 

dakmayofildes. 

maswavleblis profesiuli standartis mixedviT, maRalkvalificiuri 

maswavlebeli “icnobs inkluziuri ganaTlebis principebs da iyenebs 

mas sakuTari praqtikis dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaSi”. (maswavleblis 

profesiuli standarti gv. 7) igi kargad acnobierebs, rom sssm moswavleTa 

ganaTleba SeuZlebelia Sesabamisi garemos Seqmnis gareSe. ama- 

Si, upirveles yovlisa, igulisxmeba klasis danarCen moswavleebTan da 

maT mSoblebTan muSaoba. maswavlebelma pirdapir ki ar Seiyvana klas- 

Si `sxvanairi bavSvi~, aramed jer moamzada niadagi amisaTvis – auxsna 

moswavleebs, ras niSnavs `gansxvavebuloba~ da misca SesaZlebloba, maT 

sakuTari azri gamoexataT am sakiTxze. pedagogma ìcis, rogor Camoayalibos 

moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi... da xeli Seuwyos 

moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebas.~ (iqve gv.7) 

maswavlebelma Tavisi midgomiT keTilad ganawyo moswavleebi specialuri 

saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone Tanatolebis mimarT da 

TiToeuls misca Tavisi emociis gadmocemis saSualeba, amisTvis werilobiTi 

forma airCia. azris zepiri gadmocemisas SeiZleboda yvela 

54

moswavles ver moeswro an ar esurva azris gamoTqma, maswavlebels ki am 

SemTxvevaSi TiToeulis poziciis maqsimalurad gulwrfeli, gulaxdili 

da SeuzRudavi gamoxatva sWirdeboda. moswavleTa calsaxad pozitiuri 

damokidebuleba specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebebis mqone 

Tanatolebisadmi mSoblebs ara marto daarwmunebda TavianTi varaudis 

usafuZvlobaSi, aramed daafiqrebda kidec sakuTari poziciis eTikur 

mxareze. 

sagangebo aRniSvnis Rirsia is faqti, rom maswavlebelma moswavleebi 

Tavis mokavSireebad aqcia da amas miaRwia ara damoZRvriTa da zogadi 

lozungebiT, aramed sworad SerCeuli startegiiT. 

amgvari midgomiT maswavlebeli aseve TiToeuli moswavlis pirovnul 

da socialur ganviTarebaze zrunavs. maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebeli 

àcnobierebs pasuxismgeblobas TiToeuli moswavlis pirovnul da socialur 

ganviTarebaze;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti.gv.7) 

fsiqologi: 

aRsaniSnavia, rom maswavlebelma ar ugulebelyo arc mSoblebis pretenzia 

da SeSfoTeba, rom sssm moswavlis gamo klasSi swavlebis done 

daiwevda. man ise aago Tavisi urTierToba mSoblebTan, rom sakiTxisadmi 

maTi negatiuri damokidebuleba pozitiuriT Seicvala. aseTi qmedebiT 

maswavlebelma daadastura, rom akmayofilebs maswavleblis profesiuli 

standartis moTxovnas: pedagogma ìcis, rogor gamoiyenos komunikaciis 

sxvadasxva xerxi kolegebTan, mSoblebTan da saswavlo proces- 

Tan dakavSirebul sxva pirebTan keTilganwyobili urTierTobebisTvis~ 

(maswavleblis profesiuli standarti gv.8). 

imisaTvis, rom inkluziuri ganaTleba efeqturad mimdinareobdes, 

maswavlebeli intensiurad unda muSaobdes moswavleebTan da mSoblebTan. 

upirveles yovlisa, pedagogma unda gaigos maTi Sexedulebebi, damokidebulebebi. 

Semdeg ki gaacnos inkluziis ZiriTadi Rirebulebebi, 

kerZod es aris: 

yvelas aqvs ufleba iyos sazogadoebis sruluflebiani wevri; 

aucilebelia Tanamonawileobisa da socialuri urTierTobis 

xelSewyoba da waxaliseba; 

gansxvavebuloba ar unda iyos gariyvisa da izolaciis safuZveli. 

aucilebelia, agreTve, bavSvebisa da mSoblebisaTvis imis gacnobiereba, 

rom sssm moswavleebTan erTad swavla mTeli klasisaTvis sas- 

55

argebloa, radgan sworad organizebuli inkluziuri ganaTlebis dros 

eCvevian bavSvebi gansxvavebis miRebasa da pativiscemas, uyalibdebaT 

urTierTdaxmarebis, TanamSromlobis ganwyoba da ufro empaTiurebi 

xdebian. 

inkluziuri ganaTlebis sworad marTva sakmaod rTulia. marto maswavlebels 

gauWirdeba misi ganxorcieleba, radgan es uamrav Zalisxmevas 

moiTxovs pedagogisagan. skolebSi, sadac inkluziuri ganaTleba inergeba, 

sasurvelia, rom damatebiT sxvadasxva specialistic muSaobdes. 

mag.: logopedi, fsiqologi, inkluziuri ganaTlebis koordinatori an 

specialuri maswavlebeli, raTa maswavlebels saSualeba hqondes, mimarTos 

maT daxmarebisaTvis. 

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57

situacia #14 

maswavlebeli mogviTxrobs: èrT-erTma Cvenma pedagogma imis gamo, rom 

ver daimorCila klasi, gakveTilis msvlelobis dros gaufrTxileblad 

miatova IX klasis moswavleebi. vaJebi Cxubobdnen da, situaciis daregulirebis 

nacvlad, maswavlebeli gaiqca gakveTilidan.~ 

fsiqologi: 

wamovidginoT arc ise didi, daxuruli sivrce (saklaso oTaxi), 

romelSic erTmaneTs gametebiT urtyamen 14-15 wlis vaJebi, oTaxSi 

dgas gamayruebeli xmauri, aravis araferi esmis, situaciis kontroli 

TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. gasakviri ar aris, rom maswavlebels daufleboda 

ususurobisa da daucvelobis damTrgunveli gancda. 

14-15 weli is asakia, romelic xasiaTdeba hormonebis mozRvavebiT. 

hormonebi aris Zlieri qimiuri nivTierebebi, romlebic endokrinuli 

jirkvlebis mier gamoiyofa da mTel sxeuls sisxlis saSualebiT gadaecema. 

hormonebis siWarbe xSirad maT agresiulobas uwyobs xels. Tumca 

agresia mozardebSi mxolod hormonalur faqtorebze rodia damokidebuli. 

agresiis gamomwvev mizezTa Soris SeiZleba iyos socialuri an 

fsiqologiuri faqtorebi: bavSvebi intensiurad uyureben Zaladobas 

masmediaSi, ojaxSi, ubanSi. bavSvi SeiZleba iyos hiperaqtiuri da sxva. 

(detaluri informacia ixileT maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis 

centris mier gamocemul saxelmZRvaneloSi `ganviTarebisa da swavlis 

Teoriebi,~ 2008 w. gv. 11- 46). 

SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom eqstremalur situaciebSi mocemulobaSi 

aRniSnul pedagogs SiSi da panika ipyrobs, koncentraciisa da TviTkontrolis 

unars kargavs da gaqceviT Svelis Tavs. magram maswavleblis 

qceva agreTve gvafiqrebinebs, rom igi Tavs aridebs an ver umklavdeba 

profesiul valdebulebas. Tu igi xvdeboda, rom TviTon ver SeaCerebda 

klasSi atexil Cxubs, dasaxmareblad unda miemarTa kolegebisa- 

Tvis. samomavlod ki ezruna Tavis pirovnul da profesiul ganviTarebaze, 

Sesabamisi unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebaze, raTa SeZleboda msgavsi 

SemTxvevebis prevencia. 

58

maswavlebeli: 

nacvlad imisa, rom klasidan gamosul maswavlebels dasaxmareblad 

kolegebisTvis miemarTa, man datova klasi da, ufro metic, ar dainteresebula 

mis mier mitovebuli moswavleebis bediT. moswavlis skolaSi 

yofnisas, miT umetes, gakveTilis msvlelobisas, mis usafrTxoebaze 

pasuxs agebs, upirveles yovlisa, Tavad maswavlebeli da Semdeg mTeli 

skola. pedagogma moswavleebs problemuri situaciisagan gaqcevis, movaleobisadmi 

upasuxismgeblo damokidebulebis magaliTi misca. igi ver 

axerxebs, moswavleebs Soris konfliqturi situaciis ganmuxtvas. unda 

iTqva isic, rom maswavlebeli, romelic saintereso da mravalferovan 

gakveTilebs atarebs da icis moswavleTa motivaciis gzebi, iSviaTad 

aRmoCndeba msgavs situaciaSi. maswavlebeli ki swored profesiuli unarebis 

naklebobis Tu arqonis gamo mimarTavs araadekvatur gzas. 


Tu pedagogi CaTvlida, rom ver aCerebs klasSi atexil Cxubs, mas 

dasaxmareblad unda miemarTa klasis damrigeblisaTvis da masTan er- 

Tad daedgina konfliqtis mizezebi; Tuki maswavlebeli da klasis damrigebeli 

sakuTari ZalebiT ver moaxerxebdnen wamoWrili konfliqtis 

mogvarebas da moswavleebs Soris daZabuloba ar ganeldeboda, maSin 

maT, sasurvelia, direqtorisTvisac ecnobebinaT es faqti. situaciis 

gaanalizebisa da Sefasebis Semdeg, Tu maswavlebeli da direqcia saWirod 

CaTvlian, rekomendebulia mSoblebis informireba. 

skolis SinaganawesSi unda arsebobdes punqti, romelic daaregulirebs 

msgavs upasuxismgeblo qmedebas maswavleblis mxridan. klasis 

mitoveba konfliqtur situaciaSi ganxiluli unda iqnas, rogorc profesiuli 

upasuxismgebloba. 

59


60

situacia #15 

maswavlebeli gviambobs: `dasvenebaze fanjarasTan mdgom Cafiqrebul 

xandazmul maswavlebels gogonam yurze mobiluri miado: `naxeT, masw, 

ra magari musikaa...~ Secbunebulma maswavlebelma moswavles sila gaawna.~ 

fsiqologi: 

maswavlebelma moswavles Sesvenebaze yvelas TandaswrebiT xeli 

gaartya. amiT man miayena moswavles ara marto fizikuri, aramed moraluri 

Seuracxyofa, rac yovlad miuRebeli saqcielia. 

aseTia mdgomareoba erTi SexedviT, magram warmovidginoT xandazmuli 

adamiani, romelic TavisTvis Cafiqrebuli dgas da am dros yurTan 

gamayruebeli xmauris wyaro Cndeba. maswavleblis saqcieli SeiZleba 

mivaweroT moulodnel gamRizianebelze uneblie, avtomatur reaqciaTa 

rigs. 

maswavlebeli: 

sagangebod unda gaesvas xazi moswavlis araeTikur qcevas. gogona 

maswavlebels yurze adebs mobilur telefons. rogorc Cans, bavSvs ar 

aqvs pativiscema ufrosebis mimarT, igi zedmet familarobas iCens maswavleblisadmi 

da ar icnobs skolaSi da maswavlebelTan moqcevis wesebs. 

am detalebiT SeiZleba maswavleblis qcevis axsna (da ara gamarTleba), 

magram faqti erTia: gogona bevri bavSvis TandaswrebiT Seuracxyves, 

rac mas travmas miayenebda da Tavmoyvareobas Seulaxavda. 

61


aseT da msgavs situaciaSi moswavle gogonas asakobrivi da socialuri 

subordinaciis darRvevasa da uadgilo familarobaze aucileblad 

unda mieTiTos. pedagogi unda moepyras bavSvs pativiscemiT, auxnas 

Tavisi qcevis mizezi. aseT SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli iqneba misganac sapasuxo 

pativiscemis moTxovna. mxolod am SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba daregulirdes 

urTierToba orive mxarisaTvis sasargeblod. 

62


63

situacia #16 

maswavleblis monaTxrobi: „mravali wlis pedagogiuri saqmianobis 

Semdeg metad uxerxul mdgomareobaSi Camayena erTma uneburad daSvebulma 

Secdomam. XI klaseli gogonas mSobeli movida CemTan da mTxova, 

misi Svili momemzadebina. kerZo moswavleebis naklebobas arasodes 

vuCiodi, amitom sakuTari moswavlis momzadebas veridebodi. mSobeli 

ar momeSva: „me sxvas Cems Svils ver vandob, mas Tqveni gamocdileba, 

codna, midgoma sWirdeba, Tan aqve cxovrobT da gzaSi dro ar dagvexarjeba. 

niSanSi araviTar SeRavaTs ar gTxovT, mxolod codna mieciT mas, 

erovnul gamocdebs rom gauZloso.~ bolos da bolos damiyolia. bavSvi 

amyva, ukeTesad daiwyo mecadineoba da Sedegi male TvalsaCino gaxda. 

samwuxarod, SevamCnie, rom misi Tanaklaselebis Cemdami damokidebuleba 

Seicvala, TiTqos is ndoba, ridi da pativiscema gaqra. aman Cemze Zalian 

imoqmeda, magram ra meqna, am gogonasac ver vuRalatebdi, radgan 

misi momzadeba daviwye, Sua gzaze ver mivatovebdi.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

sakuTari moswavlis kerZod momzadeba zogadad problemuri sakiTxia 

da aseTi eTikuri dilemis winaSe bevri maswavlebeli dgas. mocemul situaciaSi 

maswavlebeli gulwrfelia, roca ambobs, rom moswavleebis damokidebulebis 

Secvlam masze „Zalian imoqmeda~, magram pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba 

ar aZlevs uflebas, Sua gzaze miatovos gogona: „ra meqna, am gogonasac ver 

vuRalatebdi, radgan misi momzadeba daviwye, Sua gzaze ver mivatovebdi.~ 

iqmneba situacia, romelSic maswavlebelma optimaluri gadawyvetileba 

unda miiRos... 

fsiqologi: 

situaciis mixedviT, maswavleblis metad saintereso saxe ixateba: „es 

aris sakuTar kompetenciaSi darwmunebuli pedagogi da, rogorc Cans, es 

realur safuZvels ar aris moklebuli. mSoblis sityvebi adasturebs am 

64

faqts: me sxvas Cems Svils ver vandob, mas Tqveni gamocdileba, codna, 

midgoma sWirdeba...~ igi ndobas ucxadebs maswavleblis kompetencias da 

Svilis momzadebaze iTanxmebs. 

gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, savaraudod, pedagogze zegavlena iqonia 

Semdegma faqtorebma. kerZod: 

upirveles yovlisa, man es gadawyvetileba miiRo bavSvis interesebidan 

gamomdinare. rogorc Cans, moswavlisaTvis marTlac Zalian mosaxerxebeli 

iyo masTan momzadeba, radgan is axlos cxovrobda maswavlebelTan; 

sxva pedagogebTan SedarebiT, man ukeTesad icoda am moswavlis saWiroebebi; 

bavSvis Zlieri da susti mxarebis codna da gaTvaliswineba, 

bunebrivia, mas xels Seuwyobda swavlebaSi; 

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom mSobeli momzadebas ar sTxovda maswavlebels 

imis gamo, rom mas ukeTesi niSnebi daewera misTvis. 


maswavlebeli Tavis qmedebas mainc Secdomad aRiarebs: „...metad uxerxul 

mdgomareobaSi Camayena erTma uneburad daSvebulma Secdomam...~ da 

marTebuladac. klasis moswavleebis damokidebuleba, savaraudod, Seicvala 

imis gamo, rom maT SeamCnies is sxvaoba codnaSi, romelic maTsa da am 

gogonas Soris iqneboda (bunebrivia, kerZod momzadeba, sadac bavSvs eTmoba 

didi dro, yuradReba, sadac gakveTili mTlianad ergeba mis moTxovnebsa 

da saWiroebebs, SesamCnev Sedegebs moitanda). maswavleblis arcTu eTikuri 

gadawyvetilebis gamo misi klasis moswavleebi araTanabar pirobebSi 

aRmoCndnen, amitom bunebrivia maTi reaqcia. moswavleebma dakarges ndoba, 

ridi da pativiscema, romelic adre hqondaT pedagogis mimarT. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom Znelia dawyebuli saqmis Sua gzaSi mitoveba, miT 

umetes, Tu es exeba bavSvs, maswavlebelma mainc unda Tqvas uari sakuTari 

moswavlis repetitorobaze. man unda auxsnas mSobels, rom amgvari gadawyvetileba 

bavSvze zrunviTaa nakarnaxevi. amiT is gogonas klaselebTan 

urTierTobis garTulebas aaridebs. mecadineobis Sewyveta sxva moswavleebis 

interesebsac daicavs. maT ar eqnebaT socialuri usamarTlobisa 

da imis gancda, rom maswavlebeli mikerZoebulia romelime konkretuli 

moswavlis mimarT. pedagogma, sasurvelia, meti Zalisxmeva gamoiCinos am 

klasTan muSaobisas, individualurad miudges moswavleebs, raTa mkveTri 

sxvaoba maTi codnis donis TvalsazrisiT SeZlebisdagvarad aRmoifxvras. 

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66

situacia #17 

moswavle mogviTxrobs: „Cems klasSi swavlobs biWi, romelsac aqvs 

gansxvavebuli varcxniloba da acvia gansxvavebulad. arc erT maswavlebels 

ar moswons misi Cacmuloba da varcxniloba. bevrjer sTxoves, 

rom skolaSi ase aRar mosuliyo, magram giorgis araferi Seucvlia. erTi 

kviris win qimiis maswavlebelma mas mTeli klasis winaSe uyvira: „ras 

hgavxar, rogor gacvia, saxlidan ase rogor giSveben?..~ razec giorgim 

upasuxa, rom is Caicvamda ise, rogorc mas moswons. maswavlebeli didxans 

lanZRavda „axlandel Taobasa da axlandel bavSvebs.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

situaciidan CvenTvis ucnobia, Tu ras gulisxmobda Tavisi Tanaklaselis 

Sesaxeb naTqvam frazaSi mTxrobeli moswavle: „biWi, romelsac 

aqvs gansxvavebuli varcxniloba da acvia gansxvavebulad.~ es fraza rom 

maswavleblis mier iyos naTqvami, SeiZleba CagveTvala, rom moswavle 

icvams Tavisi asakisTvis damaxasiaTebeli gamomwvevi stiliTa da gamiznulad 

xazgasmuli daudevrobiT, rac miuRebelia ufrosi Taobisa- 

Tvis. magram giorgis Cacmulobisa da varcxnilobis gansxvavebulobaze 

laparakobs misive Tanaklaseli da Tanatoli. rogorc Cans, biWis garegnuli 

ieri misTvisac uCveuloa da gansxvavdeba sxva Tanatolebis varcxnilobisa 

da Cacmulobisagan. 

amaze isic metyvelebs, rom yvela maswavlebeli maincdamainc giorgis 

garegnuli saxis mimarT gamoTqvams ukmayofilebas, zogierTi ki 

aSkarad avlens agresias, rogorc aRweril situaciaSi qimiis maswavlebeli. 


Cven zustad ar viciT, riT aris gansxvavebuli giorgis Cacmuloba da 

varcxniloba: Seesabameba Tu ara mis asaks, sqess, elementaruli eTikis 

normebs. Tu giorgis tansacmlisa da varcxnilobis gansxvavebuloba 

67

ar ewinaaRmdegeba skolis SinaganwesiT dadgenil wesebs, maSin giorgis 

pedagogebi da, kerZod, qimiis maswavlebeli ar utoveben mas Tavisufali 

arCevanis saSualebas, rac moswavlis pirovnuli uflebaa. bavSvebis 

gamomwvevi garegnuli ieri, maTi Cacmuloba SesaZloa iyos protestis 

niSani, sakuTari individualobis xazgasma, msoflmxedvelobrivi 

kuTvnilebis gamoZaxili. maswavlebeli rom dainteresebuliyo imiT, Tu 

ra ganapirobebda giorgis gamorCeulobis survils, gulisyuriT moesmina 

moswavlis azri, Seeqmna gulwrfelobisa da gulaxdilobis atmosfero, 

SesaZloa, konfliqturi situacia ar warmoqmniliyo. 

moswavle gviambobs, rom maswavlebeli didxans lanZRavda axlandel 

Taobas. amiT pedagogma kidev ufro daZaba situacia. ganazogada 

ra konkretuli moswavlis qceva, sxva moswavleebis ukmayofilebac gamoiwvia, 

razec es monaTxrobi metyvelebs. amasTan man aramiznobrivad 

gamoiyena gakveTilisaTvis gankuTvnili dro. 

68

fsiqologi: 

maswavlebeli unda icnobdes im Taobis interesebsa da gemovnebas, 

romelsac ekuTvnian misi moswavleebi, raTa SeZlos am interesebis 

gaTvaliswineba swavlebasa da urTierTobebSi. 

Tu giorgis Cacmuloba da varcxniloba saSiSroebas uqmnis saswavlo 

procesis msvlelobas, maswavlebelma, pirvel rigSi, unda gaarkvios, ra 

safuZveli aqvs moswavlis gansxvavebul garegnobas. amisaTvis man unda 

scados bavSvTan pirispir gulaxdili da gulwrfeli saubari. moswavlesTan 

dialogi da gulaxdili saubari ki mxolod maSin aris SesaZlebeli, 

roca is xedavs, rom mis azrebs seriozulad ekidebian da mis 

interesebs iTvaliswineben. 

Tu maswavlebeli amowuravs moswavlesTan TanamSromlobis yvela 

gzas, sasurvelia, am problemis gadaWra moswavlis mSoblebTan urTier- 

TobiT scados. Tu skolis SinaganawesSi ar aris punqti moswavleTa Cacmulobaze, 

maSin sasurvelia, pedagogma rekomendaciiT mimarTos sko lis 

direqcias SinaganawesSi Sesabamisi punqtis Setanis Taobaze. 

zogadad, mizanSewonilia, rom maswavlebelma ar gaamaxvilos 

yuradReba da ukomentarod datovos gakveTilis msvlelobisas gansxvavebulad 

Cacmuli moswavle, radgan zogjer moswavleTa ucnaur 

an daudevar Cacmulobasa da varcxnilobas swored ufrosTa mxridan 

yuradRebis miqcevis an maTi gamowvevis survili ganapirobebs. 

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70

situacia #18 

maswavlebeli gviambobs: „erT-erT skolaSi dawyebiTi klasis maswavlebeli 

yovel saswavlo dRes iwyebda locviT. ramdenime xnis Semdeg erTerTi 

bavSvi mivida masTan da gaumxila, rom sxva aRmsareblobisaa da misi 

rwmena krZalavs qristianul locvas. maswavlebelma gamosavali monaxa: 

locvis dawyebisas moswavle unda gasuliyo gareT da Semosuliyo misi 

dasrulebis Semdeg. ramdenime dRis Semdeg Tanaklaselebs uCveulod 

moeCvenaT es da bavSvs dacinva dauwyes, man ki dedasTan daiCivla. mSobeli 

movida pedagogTan da sTxova, iqneb raime sxva gamosavali moeZebnaT, 

mis Svils daCagrulad rom ar egrZno Tavi. maswavlebelma miugo: 

„klasSi ocdaaTi moswavle mizis. yvelas mSobeli kmayofilia, locviT 

rom viwyeb gakveTils. mec imas vakeTeb, riTac didi umravlesobaa kmayofili.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

situaciis mixedviT ar Cans, es „erT-erTi skola~ kerZoa Tu sajaro, 

arada, amisi codna aucilebelia maswavleblis saqcielis obieqturad 

SefasebisTvis. kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb ambobs, rom „saxelmwifo 

uzrunvelyofs sajaro skolis damoukideblobas religiuri da 

politikuri gaerTianebebisagan. xolo kerZo skolis damoukideblobas 

politikuri gaerTianebebisagan.~ („kanoni zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ , 

muxli 3). 

aRweril SemTxvevaSi pedagogi aramarTebulad iqceva, radgan gakve- 

TilisaTvis gankuTvnil dros ar iyenebs mxolod saswavlo miznebisa- 

Tvis. erToblivi locva win ki ar uZRvis gakveTils, aramed ikavebs 

uSualod gakveTilisTvis gansazRvruli drois nawils. 

locvis rituali sagakveTilo procesSi rom ar Semdgariyo, Sesa- 

Zloa, konfliqturi situacia arc Seqmniliyo. erTi aRmsareblobis 

bavSvebi erTad ilocebdnen gakveTilis win da ara saklaso oTaxSi. Sesabamisad, 

locvaSi monawileoba-armonawileoba ar gaxdeboda TanaklaselTa 

dapirispirebis safuZveli. 

maswavlebeli valdebulia, gamoiCinos Tanabari yuradReba yvela 

moswavlis mimarT, ganurCevlad maTi socialuri, eTnikuri Tu religiuri 

kuTvnilebisa. aRweril situaciaSi ki, imis gamo, rom sxva aRm- 

71

sareblobisaa, bavSvi gakveTilis garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi sruliad 

uyuradRebod rCeba. 

fsiqologi: 

maswavleblis qmedebam ganapiroba is, rom Tanaklaselebma bavSvi aRiqves, 

rogorc maTgan gansxvavebuli. moswavleTa gamijvniT, Tundac dilis 

erToblivi locvisas, maswavlebeli faqtobrivad ayalibebs mcirewlovan 

bavSvebSi Tavisianisa da ucxos gancdas, romelic xelisSemSlel 

faqtorad SeiZleba iqces moswavleebSi samoqalaqo RirebulebaTa, upirveles 

yovlisa, tolerantobis Camoyalibebisas. 


Tu maswavleblis survilia, rom ilocos saswavlo dRis dasawyisSi 

Tavisi klasis moswavleebTan erTad, mas SeuZlia SesTavazos moswavleebs, 

mividnen skolaSi gakveTilebis dawyebamde ramdenime wuTiT adre da 

ilocon masTan erTad. skolaSi adre mivlen is moswavleebi, romlebsac 

marTlac aqvT maswavlebelTan erTad locvis survili. amgvarad, pedagogi 

arasagakveTilo aqtivobisaTvis ar gamoiyenebs gakveTilisaTvis 

gankuTvnil dros, sxva aRmsareblobis bavSvi ki ar darCeba umeTvalyureod. 

es SemTxveva kargi saSualebaa saimisod, raTa maswavlebelma auxsnas 

bavSvebs, rom arsebobs sxvadasxva religiuri mimdinareoba da, Sesabamisad, 

arseboben sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis adamianebi. yvela adamiani 

valdebulia, pativiscemiT moepyras sxva religiis warmomadgenlebs. 

maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs magaliTad mouyvanos saqarTvelos 

erT-erTi udidesi mefe daviT aRmaSenebeli da misi damokidebuleba 

sxva religiebisa da maTi mimdevrebis mimarT. 

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73

situacia #19 

moswavle gviambobs: „Zalian mwydeba guli imaze, rom bevri maswavlebeli 

bavSvs afasebs da eqceva imis mixedviT, Tu rogori ekonomiuri SesaZlebloba 

aqvs mis ojaxs. es Cems Tavze gamovcade. erT-erT saganSi momzadeba 

daviwye. kerZo maswavlebliT mec da Cemi ojaxic Zalian kmayofilebi 

viyaviT, magram sagnis pedagogs ar moswonda Cemi codnis done da dabal 

niSans miwerda. mdgomareobis gasarkvevad skolaSi deda movida. maswavlebelma 

mas pirdapir uTxra, rom sanam masTan ar movemzadebodi, maRal 

niSans ar damiwerda. mec mindoda am pedagogTan momzadeba, magram Zalian 

Zviri dagvifasa da ver SevZeliT. miuxedavad Cemi mondomebisa, am 

saganSi dRemde Zalian dabali niSnebi myavs.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

es situacia ganekuTvneba im iSviaT SemTxvevaTagans, rodesac maswavleblis 

qmedebaSi Znelia monaxo raime dadebiTi. pedagogi aiZulebs 

moswavles, masTan moemzados da amis sanacvlod moiTxovs anazRaurebas. 

rogorc bavSvi gviambobs, mSobelTan saubrisas maswavlebelma mas 

pirdapir uTxra, rom sanam masTan ar moemzadeboda, maRal niSans ar 

dauwerda. sagnis niSniT manipulirebis ufleba maswavlebels ar aqvs, 

radgan niSani mxolod moswavlis akademiur moswrebas unda asaxavdes: 

„sagnis niSani gamoxatavs moswavlis akademiur moswrebas.~ (erovnuli 

saswavlo gegma, 2009-2010, gv.15). 

fsiqologi: 

yvela pedagogisaTvis udavo WeSmariteba unda iyos, rom moswavlisadmi 

mis damokidebulebaze ar unda imoqmedos bavSvis socialurma 

mdgomareobam . es bavSvisTvis mouSuSebel tkivilad SeiZleba darCes. 

aRweril situaciaSi aSkaraa, rom moswavle Tavisi ojaxis ekonomiuri 

mdgomareobis gamo Tavs daCagrulad grZnobs. maswavlebeli mis mimarT 

74

aSkarad tendenciuria da upiratesobas aniWebs im moswavleebs, romlebic 

masTan emzadebian, anu visac ukeTesi materialuri mdgomareoba 

aqvs. 


am SemTxvevaSi ara marto situaciaSi aRweril maswavlebels , aramed 

yvelas vurCevT, rom pedagogi Tanabrad moepyras yvela moswavles, ganurCevlad 

maTi ojaxebis ekonomiuri SesaZleblobisa; Tavidan airidos 

sakuTari moswavleebis kerZod momzadeba; 

ar gamoiyenos niSani moswavleebsa da maT mSoblebze zewolis saSualebad. 

75


76

situacia #20 

maswavlebeli mogviTxrobs: „II klasSi bevri azerbaijaneli moswavlea. 

imis gamo, rom maT qarTuli ena ar ician, meCagrebian qarTveli bavSvebi. 

mTel dros gakveTilze TiTqmis maT vuTmob, rom rogorme qarTuli ena 

vaswavlo. Sedegs mainc ver vaRwev, radgan azerbaijaneli bavSvebi enis 

arcodnis gamo qarTvelebTan naklebad urTierToben. sul erTad arian 

da erTmaneTSi mSobliur enaze saubroben. Sevecade, bavSvebi gamecalkevebina. 

jer TiToeuli maTgani qarTveli bavSvis gverdiT davsvi. 

mere gadavwyvite, erTmaneTTan azerbaijanulad laparaki amekrZala. 

momivarda erTi mSobeli da sayvedurebiT amavso: vin mogca ufleba, 

bavSvs mSobliur enaze saubars rom ukrZalavo. maSin nu Semoiyvandi 

qarTul skolaSi-meTqi, vupasuxe. ukmayofilo da ganawyenebuli darCa. 

me ra vqna, rogor moviqce? ~ 

maswavlebeli: 

saxelmwifo valdebulia, Tavis yvela moqalaqes, ganurCevlad rasobrivi, 

eTnikuri, religiuri, enobrivi da a.S. kuTvnilebisa, misces 

qveynis socialur-politikur, ekonomikur da kulturul cxovrebaSi 

srulfasovani integrirebis Tanabari Sansi. saxelmwifo enis srulyofili 

codna ki amis garants warmoadgens. rogorc Cans, es esmis pedagogs, 

mas unda erTnairad gaunawilos Tavisi yuradReba rogorc qar- 

Tvel, ise azerbaijanel bavSvebs, magram wuxs swored imis gamo, rom amas 

ver axerxebs. 

fsiqologi: 

pedagogi Seecada, rogorme gadaeWra problema. misi gadawyvetileba, 

rom azerbaijanulenovani moswavle qarTulenovanis gverdiT daesva, 

marTebulia. bavSvs aRar eqneboda Tavis mSobliur enaze gadalaparakebis 

saSualeba. es xels Seuwyobda komunikacias qarTul enaze, sabolood 

77

ki mis ukeT Seswavlas (enis aTvisebis erT-erTi yvelaze efeqturi gza 

am enaze molaparake TanatolebTan intensiuri urTierTobaa). rogorc 

Cans, maswavlebeli imedovnebs, rom amgvari xerxiT is ufro daaaxlovebs 

bavSvebs da maTi urTierToba arasagakveTilo drosac qarTul enaze 

gagrZeldeba. problemis mogvarebis es gza garkveul dros saWiroebs. 

maswavlebeli Sedegs maSinve ver dainaxavda. rogorc Cans, imis gamo, 

rom efeqti myisierad ver miiRo, pedagogma es midgoma fuWad CaTvala. 

maswavleblis gancxadebiT: „II klasSi...…bevri azerbaijaneli moswavlea. 

imis gamo, rom maT qarTuli ena ar ician, meCagrebian qarTveli bavSvebi.~ 

aranairi mniSvneloba ara aqvs im faqts, Tu visi daCagvra, anu diskriminacia, 

xdeba gakveTilze _ qarTveli Tu azerbaijaneli bavSvis, mTavari 

is aris, rom klasSi viRac iCagreba. kargia, rom amas maswavlebeli Tavad 

aRiarebs, magram igi ver poulobs problemis gadaWris gzebs. 


situaciis Tanaxmad, meoreklaseli azerbaijaneli bavSvebi qarTuli 

enis arcodnis gamo qarTvel TanaklaselebTan naklebad urTierToben. 

isini erTmaneTSi mxolod mSobliur enaze saubroben. maTTvis es 

ufro mosaxerxebelia da amitom cdiloben sul erTad yofnas. azerbaijanel 

moswavleebs, enis Seswavlisas, xelis SemSleli faqtorebisagan 

Tavis daRwevaSi profesionali maswavlebeli unda daexmaros, romelsac 

SeuZlia individualuri midgoma da flobs enis intensiuri swavlebis 

meTodebs, „icnobs multikulturul da multilingvur midgomebsa 

da principebs da iyenebs maT swavlebis dagegmvisa da ganxorcielebis 

procesSi;~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7). samwuxarod, 

am konkretul SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli problemis gadaWris araswor 

gzas irCevs. („gadavwyvite, erTmaneTTan azerbaijanulad laparaki amekrZala~). 

bunebrivia, rom mSobeli gaaRiziana mSobliur enaze laparakis 

akrZalvam. amiT aixsneba mSoblis reaqcia da pretenziebi. mSobliur 

enaze laparakis akrZalvis nacvlad maswavlebels iseTi saklaso da arasaklaso 

aqtivobebi unda daegegma (magaliTad, speqtakli qarTulad, 

roluri TamaSebi, situaciuri amocanebi da a.S.), romlebic waaxalisebda 

bavSvebs, gaaumjobesebda maT qarTul enaze metyvelebas. aseve, sasurveli 

iqneboda, maswavlebels, qarTveli da azerbaijaneli mSoblebis 

daaxloebis mizniT, moewvia mSobelTa kreba da problema maTTan erTad 

78

ganexila. savaraudod, orive mxare gamoTqvamda problemis gadaWris 

survils, radgan amaSi isini TavianTi interesebis srul Tanxvedras 

dainaxavdnen. 

pedagogs unda aexsna mSoblisaTvis, rom igi mis Svils saerTod ki 

ar ukrZalavs azerbaijanulad laparaks, aramed mxolod gakveTilze. 

unda daesabuTebina, rom es gadawyvetileba bavSvisTvis aris sasargeblo, 

radgan enis Seswavlis erT-erTi saukeTeso gza TanatolebTan am 

enaze urTierTobaa. amasTan, pirvel rigSi, mas moswavlisaTvis unda 

aexsna, Tu ratom iqneboda maTTvis ukeTesi skolaSi qarTulad komunikacia. 

enis swavlebis efeqturi gzebis ZebnaSi maswavlebels mSoblisaTvis 

unda eTxova saswavlo miznebis miRwevaSi daxmareba, gamoeCina 

Tavazianoba da mSobelTan TanamSromlobis mzaoba. 

79


80

situacia #21 

maswavlebeli gviambobs: „skola didi RonisZiebisTvis emzadeboda. mzadebas 

saTaveSi edga ucxouri enis maswavlebeli. mTeli eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi 

igi Tavdauzogavad Sromobda, gamoiyena skolaSi arsebuli 

yvela resursi: moswavleebTan erTad dawera scenari, musikis pedagog- 

Tan erTad SearCia musikaluri foni, atarebda repeticiebs, gamoyenebi- 

Ti xelovnebis maswavlebeli daixmara kostiumebis Sesakerad. araCveulebrivi 

speqtakli gamovida. masze mowveuli iyvnen mSoblebi, mezobeli 

skolis moswavleebi da maswavleblebi, raionis xelmZRvaneloba, 

sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebi. daiwyo warmodgena da scenaze erT-er- 

Ti gogona kostiumis nacvlad Cveulebrivi tansacmliT gamovida, ramac 

sruli disonansi Seitana warmodgenaSi. speqtaklis Semdeg, rodesac 

stumrebi daiSalnen, maswavlebelma Tavi ver Seikava da moswavleebisa 

da mSoblebis Tvalwin galanZRa gogona, fizikuradac Seexo: Tmebi moqaCa. 

bavSvi Tavs imarTlebda, rom daagvianda da ver moaswro tansacmlis 

gamocvla. maswavlebelma ar miiRo moswavlis axsna-ganmarteba da 

ganagrZobda mis lanZRvas. pedagogis saqcielma gaabraza mSoblebi. man 

skolis direqtorisaganac miiRo sayveduri.“ 


skolisaTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania kargad dagegmili klasgareSe 

saqmianoba, sxvadasxva RonisZieba, romelic uzrunvelyofs skolis 

moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis SemoqmedebiTi potencialis gamovlenas, 

bavSvebisa da pedagogebis TanamSromlobiTi urTierTobebis gaRrmavebas. 

aRwerili situaciidan Cans, rom ucxouri enis maswavlebeli 

didi xnis ganmavlobaSi Tavdauzogavad Sromobda. man gamoavlina organizatoruli 

niWi, TanamSromlobis unari. maswavlebelma RonisZiebis 

samzadisSi CarTo moswavleebi da isini aqcia am didi dResaswaulis ara 

ubralo monawileebad, aramed namdvil Tanaavtorebad: man moswavleebTan 

erTad dawera scenari, warmatebiT iTanamSromla Tavis kolegebTan, 

musikisa da gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis pedagogebTan da xeli Seuwyo 

skolis potencialis warmoCenas. pedagogis mier skolis rogorc adamianuri, 

aseve materialuri resursebis mizanmimarTuli gamoyeneba Seesabameba 

maswavleblis profesiul standarts: pedagogma „icis saskolo 

81

sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan produqtiuli TanamSromlobis me- 

Todebi.“ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.10) 

maswavlebeli: 

bunebrivia, pedagogs surda, rom misi, misi kolegebisa da moswavleebis 

Sromis nayofi rac SeiZleba efeqturi yofiliyo. erTi bavSvis, 

SesaZloa, upasuxismgeblo saqcielis gamo ki CaTvala, rom mTeli Sroma 

wyalSi Caiyara. man ver SeZlo simSvidis SenarCuneba da Seuracxyofa miayena 

moswavles, riTac, faqtobrivad, fasi daukarga eqvsTviani SromiT 

miRweul warmatebas, dResaswauls ki _ xalisi da, madlobis nacvlad, 

skolis xelmZRvanelobisa da mSoblebis sayveduri daimsaxura. 

fsiqologi: 

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom maswavlebelma gogonas Tavis marTlebis saSualeba 

ar misca. SesaZloa, bavSvs upasuxismgeblobis gamo ar daugvianebia 

da hqonda sapatio mizezi. am RonisZiebis monawile Tavadac iyo 

da, savaraudod, masac aranakleb daswydeboda guli. maswavlebelma ki 

mizezis axsnac ar acala da sajarod miayena Seuracxyofa da fizikuradac 

ki Seexo mas. 

pedagogma problemur situaciaSi ver SeZlo gamklaveboda sakuTar 

emociebs, riTac Crdili miayena sakuTar da skolis reputacias. yvelasTvis 

gasagebia, rom am konkretul situaciaSi Zneli, magram aucilebeli 

iyo, rom maswavlebels Tavi Seekavebina. arc erT situaciaSi 

ar aris pedagogiurad gamarTlebuli maswavleblisagan moswavlis sityvieri, 

fizikuri an sxva saxis Seuracxyofa. 

82


83

situacia #22 

mSobeli gviambobs: „Cems Svils jer kidev baRis asakSi SevamCnie, rom 

marcxena xels ufro moxerxebulad xmarobs, vidre marjvenas. aravi- 

Tari problema ar Semiqmnia amis gamo arc bavSvisTvis da arc sakuTari 

TavisTvis. bavSvma im xeliT weros, romliTac exerxeba. rodesac Cemi 

Svili skolaSi miviyvane, maswavlebelma daiwyo „muSaoba“, rom bavSvs 

marjvena xeliT daewyo werac da xatvac. amis Sesaxeb me araferi vicodi. 

erTxel, roca Svils vamecadinebdi, is atirda. mizezi vkiTxe, man ki mipasuxa, 

rom mis klasSi yvela marjvena xeliT wers da ar unda, rom bavSvebma 

da maswavlebelma cacia dauZaxon.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavlebelma scada bavSvisaTvis marjvena xeliT wera eswavlebina. 

savaraudoa, rom mas keTili ganzraxva amoZravebda. marcxena xeliT wera 

mouxerxebelia: xeli efareba nawer striqons an zemoT daweril nimuSs 

(Tu bavSvs zeda striqonidan gadaweras sTxoven). garda amisa, rogorc 

wesi, marcxena xeliT weris gadaCvevis erT-erTi motivia is, rom bavSvi 

danarCeni moswavleebisagan ar gamoirCeodes. adamianebs xSirad uWirT 

maTgan gansxvavebulis miReba. rogorc situaciidan Cans, moswavles 

klasSi maswavlebeli da klaselebi cacias eZaxian da amiT xazs usvamen 

mis gansxvavebulobas, rasac bavSvi mtkivneulad ganicdis. 


pedagogs ar aRmoaCnda unari, bavSvis am individualur TaviseburebasTan 

Seeguebina klasi. situaciis Tanaxmad, mSoblisTvis es faqti 

mxolod mas Semdeg gaxda cnobili, roca erTxel, mecadineobisas, bavSvma 

tirili daiwyo. mSobels imis Sesaxeb, rom mis Svils caciobis gamo 

skolaSi problemebi hqonda, unda Seetyo ara Svilisgan, aramed maswavleblisgan. 

cacia bavSvis mSobelTan TanamSromloba da misi poziciis 

gaTvaliswineba (“bavSvma im xeliT weros, romliTac exerxeba”) moxsnida 

problemas orive mxarisaTvis. 

84

fsiqologi: 

marcxena xelis Tandayolili upiratesoba marjvenasTan SedarebiT 

aris ara adamianis fizikuri nakli, aramed misi individualuri Tavisebureba. 

am TaviseburebaTa gacnobiereba da gaTvaliswineba swavlebis 

procesSi maswavleblis movaleobad aris miCneuli, calsaxad unda iTqvas, 

rom sakuTriv moswavlis swavlaze misi es individualuri Tavisebureba 

aranair gavlenas ar axdens, arc weris xarisxze ar aisaxeba da, Cveulebriv, 

mxolod dawyebiTi klasis maswavlebels uqmnis xolme garkveul 

diskomforts. es profesional maswavlebels ar aZlevs imis safuZvels, 

rom aiZulos cacia moswavle marjvena xeliT weros. 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom mocemul situaciaSi maswavlebeli, romelsac 

`kargi surs~ bavSvisaTvis, moswavles ufro did sirTuleebs uqmnis. Tu 

moswavlisTvis marcxena xeliT weraa bunebrivi, xelovnurad amis Secvlam, 

SesaZloa, bavSvis emociuri da fsiqikuri problemebi gamoiwvios. 

pedagogs vurCevdiT, am da msgavs situaciebSi miiRos rCeva fsiqologisagan. 

ar aukrZalos bavSvs marcxena xeliT wera. auxsnas moswavleebs, 

rom isini gagebiT moekidon Tanaklaselis gansxvavebulobas, xeli 

Seuwyos klasSi tolerantuli atmosferos Camoyalibebas; mouyvanos 

magaliTebad is cnobili adamianebi, romlebic marcxena xeliT werdnen 

(meoce saukunis udidesi fizikosi da mecnieri - albert ainStaini, didi 

germaneli poeti - iohan volfgang goeTe, ingliseli momRerali - pol 

makartni, maikrosoftis damfuZnebeli bil geiTsi da sxva..). 

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86

situacia #23 

moswavle mogviTxrobs: „erTxel gakveTilze uadgilod vixumre. 

maswavlebeli dafisken rom mitrialda, qaRaldisgan gakeTebuli TviTmfrinavi 

vesrole. bavSvebma sicili atexes, maswavlebelma Seuracxyofilad 

igrZno Tavi da klasidan gamagdo. patieba vTxove. man ar miiRo 

Cemi bodiSi da amikrZala gakveTilze daswreba. saqmeSi Caerivnen Cemi 

damrigebeli, saswavlo nawili, direqtori, magram maswavlebelma ukan 

ar daixia. Cemi azriT, konfliqti unda amowuruliyo, radgan vinane Cemi 

saqcieli da movixade bodiSi.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

moswavlem qaRaldis TviTmfrinavi ubralod (umisamarTod) ki ar 

isrola klasSi an Tanaklaselisaken ki ar mimarTa, aramed uSualod 

maswavlebels esrola da klasmac amitom atexa sicili. cxadia, maswavleblisaTvis 

Seuracxmyofeli da gulsatkenia moswavlis amgvari qmedeba, 

misi dauyovnebeli reaqcia bunebrivia, man daicva Tavisi pirovnuli 

Rirseba da sajaro Seuracxyofa reagirebis gareSe ar datova, Tumca 

mas Semdeg, rac moswavlem aRiara Tavisi Secdoma da bodiSi moixada, 

vfiqrob, maswavlebels igi unda daeSva gakveTilze. 


pedagogi aSkarad ver axerxebs am konfliqturi situaciis uemociod, 

mSvidad gaanalizebas, ar usmens moswavles (da Sesabamisad, verc xedavs, 

rom is nanobs Tavis saqciels), ar iTvaliswinebs arc kolegebis Suamdgomlobas. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom maswavlebeli amgvari araadekvaturi principulobiT 

azaralebs bavSvs. is moswavles gakveTilze daswrebis nebas 

ar rTavs. Sesabamisad, Tavis saganSi ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobas 

arTmevs da amiT ewinaaRmdegeba bavSvis uflebebis konvencias. ganaTlebis 

miRebis SesaZlebloba, bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis Tanaxmad, misi 

umniSvnelovanesi uflebaa (ix. bavSvis uflebebis konvencia, muxli 27). 

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aRsaniSnavia Semdegic: gakveTils gareT umeTvalyureod darCenili 

bavSvis usafrTxoebaze pasuxismgebelia maswavlebeli, rasac igi am 

konkretul SemTxvevaSi ar iTvaliswinebs. 

fsiqologi: 

maswavlebelma ver daicva zomiereba da ver SeinarCuna simSvide am 

konfliqtur situaciaSi, ramac xeli SeuSala obieqturi da samarTliani 

gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi. situaciidan ar Cans, rom moswavles am 

saqcieliT maswavleblis pirovnuli Rirsebis Seuracxyofa surda. arc 

is Cans, rom misi amgvari saqcieli sistematur xasiaTs atarebda („erTxel“). 

moswavle gulwrfelad ambobs, rom ver xvdeba, ratom ar SeiZleba 

maswavlebelma konfliqti dasrulebulad CaTvalos: man xom moinania 

sakuTari saqcieli da bodiSic moixada. 

magram bunebrivia, Cndeba kiTxva: rogor unda moiqces pedagogi 

msgavs situaciebSi? maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos Semdegi: aseT 

SemTxvevaSi moswavles amoZravebs erTi mizani _ mas surs gamoiwvios 

maswavlebeli. raoden Znelic unda iyos, pedagogi ar unda `wamoegos~ 

moswavlis provokaciaze da Tavdajerebuli simSvidiT gaagrZelos 

gakveTili. es imas ar niSnavs, rom moswavlis saqcieli da maswavleblis 

Seuracxyofa upasuxod unda darCes. gakveTilis Semdeg maswavlebelma 

unda auxsnas moswavles, ratom aris misi saqcieli pedagogisTvis Seuracxmyofeli 

da zogadad miuRebeli. 

Tu moswavlis saqcieli sagakveTilo process CaSliT emuqreba da 

maswavlebeli saWirod CaTvlis moswavlis klasidan gaZevebas, man unda 

uzrunvelyos is, rom klasidan gaSvebuli bavSvi derefanSi umeTvalyureod 

ar darCes. rodesac moswavle nanobs Tavis saqciels da bodiSs 

ixdis, pedagogma didsulovnebis magaliTi unda misces, miiRos bavSvis 

bodiSi da miutevos. 

ar aris rekomendebuli, maswavlebelma bavSvs didi xniT aukrZalos 

gakveTilze daswreba. amasTanave, gakveTilidan gaZeveba SeiZleba 

cudi qcevis erT-erTi wamaxalisebelic ki gaxdes iseTi bavSvebisaTvis, 

romelTac gakveTilze daswreba ar surT. 

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89

situacia #24 

moswavle gviambobs: „IX klasSi var. Cemi Tanaklaseli nika axali saswavlo 

wlidan sul Seicvala. aRar swavlobs da gakveTilis msvlelobisas 

TanaklaselebTan laparakiTa da xmauriT xels uSlis maswavleblebs. 

erTxel, rodesac dafasTan gaZaxebulma nikam uari Tqva gakveTilis moyolaze, 

radgan mas masala isev ar hqonda naswavli, istoriis pedagogma 

klasis winaSe mimarTa damamcirebeli sityvebiT: debilo, unamuso, degenerato 

da sxva. nikam ar mouTmina da Seepasuxa: „Tqven SegiZliaT, damiweroT 

ra niSanic gindaT, magram ar gaqvT Cemi Seuracxyofis ufleba.~ 

amisaTvis pedagogma nika klasidan gaagdo. 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavleblis mier moswavlis sityvieri an sxva saxis Seuracxyofa 

pedagogiurad araswori qmedebaa. cxadia, rom rTulia maswavleblisa- 

Tvis klasis marTva, rodesac moswavle gakveTilis msvlelobas xels 

uSlis laparakiT da xmauriT. Tu amas emateba isic, rom is sistematurad 

ar amzadebs gakveTilebs, kidev ufro gasagebi xdeba maswavleblis 

gaRizianeba. nika arc TviTon swavlobs da maswavlebelsac uSlis xels 

imaSi, rom man maqsimalurad gamoiyenos sakuTari energia gakveTilis 

efeqtianad warmarTvisaTvis. magram moswavlis Seuracxyofa am situacias 

ukeTesobisaken ver Secvlis. 


nikas Tanaklaseli situaciis aRwerisas gviyveba, rom igi mimdinare 

semestris ganmavlobaSi aRar swavlobs gakveTilebs, anu adre nika SedarebiT 

kargi moswavle iyo. bavSvis akademiuri moswrebis gauareseba 

sxvadasxva faqtorma SeiZleba gamoiwvios (konfliqturma situaciebma 

ojaxSi, avadmyofobam, bavSvisaTvis araadekvaturad didma datvirTvam 

da a. S). Tumca, gardatexis asakSi xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac mozardis 

akademiuri moswreba da qceva uaresdeba imis gamo, rom is TviTdam- 

90

kvidrebas, Tanatolebis keTilganwyobisa da pativiscemis mopovebas 

cdilobs ukve ara kargi swavliT, aramed gamomwvevi qceviT. SesaZloa, 

am SemTxvevaSic swored es ganapirobebs moswavlis Secvlas. maRalkvalificiuri 

maswavlebeli, romelic àcnobierebs moswavleebis ganviTarebis 

asakobriv da individualur Taviseburebebs da maT gavlenas swavlebasa 

da swavlaze~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv. 6), iTvalisiwinebs 

moswavlis, am SemTxvevaSi nikas, asakobriv an individualur 

Taviseburebebs, ar Seuracxyofs moswavles. 

aRsaniSnavia kidev erTi faqti _ klasidan gagdeba. nikam maswavleblis 

Seuracxyofas SeuracxyofiTve ar upasuxa, mxolod miuTiTa, rom mas moswavlis 

galanZRvis ufleba ar hqonda. pedagogi aman kidev ufro gaaRiziana, nikas 

replika profesiul Seuracxyofad aRiqva da moswavle klasidan gaagdo. 

man ver SeZlo sakuTari emociebis marTva, ver SeinarCuna simSvide. 

fsiqologi: 

mocemuli situaciis analizisas gasaTvaliswinebelia erTi mniSvnelovani 

faqti: nika IX klasSia, anu gardatexis asakSi. am asakSi mozards 

uZneldeba urTierToba mSoblebTanac da maswavleblebTan. garkveulwilad 

swored maswavlebelzea damokidebuli, ramdenad umtkivneulod 

Caivlis es asaki. 

samwuxarod, aseTi pedagogi, rogoric mocemul situaciaSi gvxvdeba, 

ver miscems moswavleebs eTikur Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli qcevis 

magaliTs. 

maswavleblis mxridan sakmarisi iqneboda moswavlis Sefaseba sa- 

Tanado dabali quliT, magram amis nacvlad man mTeli klasis winaSe 

Seuracxyofa miayena nikas. udavoa, rom bavSvis Seuracxyofa arc erT 

asakSi ar SeiZleba, magram gansakuTrebiT savalalo Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves 

am faqts gardatexis asakis mozardisaTvis. isini mwvaved aRiqvamen 

nebismier kritikas da, miT umetes, Seuracxyofas. 

pedagogs unda ecada, gakveTilis Semdeg nikasTan gulaxdili saubrisas 

gaerkvia, ram gamoiwvia misi Secvla; bavSvis interesebis, misi 

gatacebebisa da Taviseburebebis ukeT Seswavlis mizniT, moepovebina 

rac SeiZleba meti informacia nikas Sesaxeb klasis xelmZRvanelisgan, 

mSoblebisagan, eTanamSromla maTTan, raTa erToblivad gamoenaxaT nikas 

saswavlo procesSi CarTvis gzebi da saSualebebi. 

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92

situacia #25 

mSobeli gviambobs: „oTaxSi Sevedi, magram Cemma meaTeklaselma vaJma 

verc ki SeamCnia es, ise iyo telefonze laparakiT garTuli. uneburad 

gavxdi misi satelefono saubris mowme. igi megobars Tavis maswavlebelze 

esaubreboda am asakis mozardisTvis damaxasiaTebeli leqsikiT: 

„ra naSaa ici, Wkuidan aiwevi... gaSterebuli vuyureb mTeli gakveTili, vis 

aqvs gakveTilis mosmenis Tavi, neta yoveldRe gvqondes misi gakveTili.“ 

cota SevSfoTdi da gadavwyvite, menaxa maswavlebeli. misma naxvam kidev 

ufro SemaSfoTa: Semotmasnil qvedakabaSi da zedmetad dekoltirebul 

maisurSi gamowyobili axalgazrda qali naklebad hgavda maswavlebels. 

„nuTu direqcia ver amCnevs, maswavlebels ase gamomwvevad rom acvia?“gavifiqre 

SeSfoTebulma, Cvens mozardebs kidev es undaT? “ 

fsiqologi: 

pedagogi valdebulia, gaiTvaliswinos moswavleebis ganviTarebis 

asakobrivi Taviseburebebi da Tavisi gamomwvevi CacmulobiTa Tu qceviT 

ar Seuqmnas maT gakveTilze swavlis damabrkolebeli garemoebebi. 

meaTeklasel vaJs eqmneba koncentraciis problemebi, rodesac mis 

pedagogs skolisaTvis Seuferebeli samosi acvia. 

maswavlebeli: 

pedagogis Cacmuloba da garegnuli ieri Zalian mniSvnelovania 

srulyofili saswavlo procesis warmarTvisaTvis. maswavlebeli arc 

metismetad gamopranWuli unda gamocxaddes moswavleebis winaSe da arc 

daudevrad Cacmuli unda eCvenos maT. maswavleblis Cacmuloba xels ar 

unda uSlides saswavlo process. sasurvelia, rom skolaSi arsebobdes 

pedagogebsa da direqcias Soris SeTanxmebuli wesebi maswavleblis 

Cacmulobaze da yvela pedagogi emorCilebodes am wesebs. 

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gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom am axalgazrda qalbatonis samuSao adgili 

skolaa. is samosi, romelic SeiZleba misaRebi iyos sxvagan, xSirad 

sruliad Seuferebelia skolisaTvis. swored amas ver iTvaliswinebs 

axalgazrda maswavlebeli da Tavisi gamomwvevi CacmulobiT xels 

uSlis gakveTilisTvis gankuTvnili drois maqsimalurad efeqturad da 

saswavlo miznebisTvis gamoyenebas. 

Tu skolis Sinaganawesi ar aregulirebs maswavleblis Cacmis 

kulturas, maSin sasurvelia, masSi Sevides Sesabamisi cvlileba. amiT 

Tavidan iqneba acilebuli msgavsi SemTxvevebi, xolo Tu SinaganawesSi 

Sesabamisi muxli ukve arsebobs, axalgazrda pedagogs mis darRvevaze 

unda mieTiTos. 

garda amisa, axalgazrda maswavlebeli unda Seecados SeZlebisdagvarad 

gaiTvaliswinos mSoblebis Sexedulebebi zogadad maswavleblis 

Cacmulobaze, raTa keTilganwyoba da TanamSromlobiTi urTierToba 

SeinarCunos maTTan. 

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95

situacia #26 

moswavle mogviTxrobs: „zogad biologias maswavlis axalgazrda 

maswavlebeli, romelic inglisSi swavlobda da axali Camosulia. is 

yvelas Zalian mogvwons; megobrulia, Tbilia. Tavisi sagani kargad 

icis da cdilobs, Cvenc gvaswavlos da Segvayvaros. magram me piradad 

misi axsnili gakveTilebis gageba Zalian miWirs. is xSirad iyenebs 

ucnob terminebs da sityvebs ucxo enidan. marTalia, ufleba mogvca, 

rogorc ki romelime sityvas ver gavigebT, maSinve vkiTxoT da isic 

safuZvlianad gvixsnis gaugebari sityvis mniSvnelobas, magram mainc 

rTulia maswavlebels waramara gaawyvetino saubari da Tan misi axsnili 

gaigo da amdeni axali sityva daimaxsovro.“ 

maswavlebeli: 

sworad da gamarTulad metyveleba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania 

saswavlo procesSi. Tu maswavlebeli arasworad metyvelebs an ucxo 

sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs iyenebs gakveTilis msvlelobisas, moswavleebi 

maswavleblis naTqvamis did nawils ver gaigeben da, savaraudod, iseve 

arasworad imetyveleben, rogorc maTi pedagogi. es eTikurad da pedagogiurad 

gaumarTlebelia maswavleblis mxridan. ra enazec mimdinareobs 

swavleba skolaSi, im enaze sworad metyveleba daculi unda iqnes 

maswavleblebis mier, gansakuTrebiT ki, rodesac saqme exeba qarTul 

enas. qarTuli enis siwmindis dacva, saxelmwifo enaze gamarTuli metyveleba 

yvela pedagogis upirvelesi movaleobaa. 


maswavlebeli ara marto sagnobriv codnas unda gadascemdes moswavleebs, 

aramed gamarTuli metyvelebis magaliTsac unda aZlevdes maT. 

es exeba ara marto qarTuli enisa da literaturis, aramed yvela sxva 

sagnis maswavlebelsac. swavlebis ena maqsimalurad daculi unda iyos. 

samwuxarod, Cveni metyveleba xSirad binZurdeba dialeqtizmebiT, Jar- 

96

goniT, barbarizmebiT, kalkebiTa da sxv.. amas sxvadasxva faqtori ganapirobebs. 

moyvanil situaciaSi aseT faqtorad SeiZleba CaiTvalos is, 

rom maswavlebeli garkveuli periodi cxovrobda sazRvargareT da iq 

aqvs ganaTleba miRebuli. rogorc Cans, situaciaSi aRwerili maswavlebeli 

kvalificiuri specialistia, Tumca maRalkvalificiuri maswavlebloba 

saxelmwifo enis karg codnasac gulisxmobs. 

fsiqologi: 

ucxoenovan garemoSi didi xniT cxovreba ganapirobebs imas, rom 

samSobloSi dabrunebulebs xSirad mSobliur enaze laparakisas gvaxsendeba 

da Cvenda uneburad viyenebT sityvebsa Tu gamoTqmebs im ucxo 

enaze, romelzec vmetyvelebdiT bolo xanebSi. rogorc Cans, aRweril 

situaciaSic asea. moswavle aRniSnavs, rom, garda misTvis ucnobi terminebisa, 

maswavlebeli xSirad iyenebs sityvebs ucxo enidan. zogadi biologia 

sakmaod rTuli sagania da misi swavlebisas pedagogi gverds ver 

auvlis iseT terminologias, rogoricaa, magaliTad, genotipi, zigota, 

nukleinebi da a.S. is ganmartavs ucxo sityvebs, magram misi metyveleba 

ucnob terminebTan erTad ucxoenovani sityvebis simravlis gamo 

moswavleTaTvis mainc Znelad gasagebi rCeba. 

sasurvelia, maswavlebelma, gakveTilze ucxoenovani (am SemTxvevaSi 

inglisuri) da bevri ucnobi termini erTbaSad ar gamoiyenos. 

saerTod ki, Tu qarTul enaSi arsebobs Sesatyvisi terminebi, maswavlebelma 

Tavi unda aaridos ucxo enidan sityvebis gamoyenebas. amiT 

pedagogi axali masalis aTvisebas gauadvilebs moswavleebs da mSobliuri 

enis siwmindis dacvis magaliTs miscems maT. 

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98

situacia #27 

mSobeli mogviTxrobs: `meeqvse klaselma biWma masze asakiT pataras 

fuli gamosZala. klasis xelmZRvanelma, problemis mogvarebis mizniT, 

saqmis kursSi Caayena direqcia, direqciam ki mSobeli daibara, rasac mohyva 

mSoblis mxridan ukmayofileba, rom misi Svilis saqcieli gaxmaurda.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

maswavlebeli adekvaturad iqceva, radgan fulis gamoZalvis SemTxvevas 

reagirebis gareSe ar tovebs da situaciaSi CareviT cdilobs, daicvas 

rogorc moZalade, ise Zaladobis msxverpli. igi dakvirvebuli da 

yuradRebiania. sworad afasebs, rom problema rTulia da masTan martos 

gamklaveba gauWirdeba. 

mSoblis ukmayofileba da gabrazeba, savaraudod, gamoiwvia iman, rom 

pedagogma, ojaxis gverdis avliT, bavSvis saqcieli direqciis msjelobis 

sagnad aqcia, anu jer ojaxs ki ar daukavSirda, aramed pirdapir 

direqcias acnoba momxdari. 


maRalkvalificiurma maswavlebelma ìcis, rogor Camoayalibos 

moswavleebs Soris pozitiuri urTierTobebi, moagvaros konfliqtebi 

mSvidobiani gziT da xeli Seuwyos moswavleebSi eTikuri Rirebulebebis 

Camoyalibebas.~ (maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, gv.7); 

klasis xelmZRvanelma situaciis dasaregulireblad momxdaris Sesaxeb 

unda acnobos pirvel rigSi orive bavSvis damrigeblebs. pedagogebma 

erTad unda uzrunvelyon mSoblebisa da direqciis informireba. 

Tu skolas amis resursi aqvs, rCevisaTvis mimarTon fsiqologs. 

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fsiqologi: 

msgavs situaciaSi, sasurvelia, maswavlebelma da fsiqologma Sekribon 

rac SeiZleba meti informacia `gamomZalveli~ moswavlis Sesaxeb 

(magaliTad, mis ojaxur mdgomareobaze), rac maT daexmareba ukeT gaerkvnen 

situaciaSi. dialogi unda Sedges jer moswavlesTan marto da Tu 

situacia moiTxovs, Semdeg mSobelTan erTad. 

aseT situaciaSi sasurvelia meTodis _ egreT wodebuli `dialogi 

wreSi~ gamoyeneba. es meTodi iTvaliswinebs yvela mxaris, rogorc `dazaralebulis~, 

aseve `damnaSavis~ dialogSi CarTvas. situaciis mixedviT, 

SeiZleba amaSi monawileobas iRebdnen mSoblebic, Tumca es yovelTvis 

aucilebeli ar aris. TiToeuli gulaxdilad isaubrebs sakuTar 

mdgomareobaze. moZalade moswavle ar unda avavsoT sayvedurebiT. dialogis 

moderatorma, magaliTad, fsiqologma an damrigebelma, saubari 

iqiT unda warmarTos, rom moswavlem Tavad gaakeTos swori daskvnebi. 

es miiRweva im SemTxvevaSi, Tu `moZalade~ igrZnobs im pedagogebis Tanadgomas, 

romlebic moswavlis moqmedebas uaryofiTad afaseben, magram 

gamosavals masTan erTad eZeben da interesdebian misi pirovnebiT. 

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101

situacia #28 

mSobeli gviambobs: `moswavleebma maswavlebels miarTves oqros sayure 

da Tan uTxres: manana maswavlebelo, Cven TqvenTvis madlobis gadaxda 

gvinda, radgan CvenTvis aseTi kargi maswavlebeli xarT. manana maswavlebelma 

aiRo es saCuqari da ambobs, rom mas didi siyvaruliT atarebs. 

is ar Tvlis, rom qrTami aiRo, aramed aseTi saxiT miiRo madloba Tavisi 

moswavleebisagan.~ 

maswavlebeli: 

manana maswavlebelma saCuqari moswavleebis siyvarulis niSnad mii- 

Ro. es savsebiT gasagebia; man Tavisi qceviT asiamovna bavSvebs, agrZnobina 

keTilganwyoba. magram sayure SeiZleba aRqmul iqnes rogorc saCuqari 

moswavleebisaTvis upiratesobis miniWebis sanacvlod, radgan, 

mocemuli situaciis mixedviT, manana maswavlebeli jer kidev aswavlis 

bavSvebs, romlebmac misTvis sayure SeiZines (isini awmyo droSi ixsenieben 

mas maswavleblad). iqmneba erTgvari uxerxuloba da amisi ueWveli 

dasturi Tavad manana maswavleblis poziciaa: mas, Tumca am oqros sayures 

`didi siyvaruliT atarebs~, mainc uwevs mtkiceba sxvisTvisac da 

sakuTari TavisTvisac, rom qrTami ki ar aiRo, àramed aseTi saxiT mii- 

Ro madloba Tavisi moswavleebisagan.~ 

miuxedavad imisa, rom manana maswavlebeli sayureebs madlierebis 

gamoxatulebad miiCnevs, aris saSiSroeba, rom am saCuqris miRebis Semdeg 

igi ver SeinarCunebs obieqturobas da am klasis moswavleebs raime 

saxis upiratesobas mianiWebs. pedagogma obieqturoba romc SeinarCunos, 

yovelTvis aRmoCndeba vinme, vinc eWvs Seitans mis ara marto obieqturobaSi, 

aramed keTilsindisierebaSic. 

sxvagvarad iqneboda saqme, saCuqari rom gaekeTebinaT skoladamTavrebul, 

madlier moswavleebs. maswavlebeli veRar iqneboda araobieqturi, 

veRaravis mianiWebda upiratesobas, radgan madliereba gamoxates 

misma yofilma moswavleebma. 

102


sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom moswavleebs xSirad uCndebaT uangaro 

siyvarulisa da madlierebis usazRvro grZnoba Tavisi maswavleblebis 

mimarT da am siyvarulisa da madlierebis grZnobis raime materialuriT 

gamoxatvis survili. sayvareli maswavleblis mxridan maTi am survilis 

daTrgunvam SeiZleba momavalSi uaryofiTi Sedegebi gamoiwvios da 

adamianebs madlierebisa da siyvarulis gamoxatvis xalisi daukargos. 

maswavleblis amocana maTi am survilis swori gziT warmarTva, jansaRi 

Rirebulebebisa da WeSmariti faseulobebis Camoyalibebaa. 

meore mxriv, maswavlebelma Tavisi saqcieliT, SesaZloa, ubiZgos 

moswavleebs imisaken, rom bavSvebma zedmeti mniSvneloba mianiWon materialur 

Rirebulebebs. moswavleebs SeiZleba SeeqmnaT STabeWdileba, 

rom madlobis gadaxdis yvelaze efeturi forma materialuri saCuqaria. 

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom damatebiTi problemebi SeiZleba Seiqmnas 

imis gamo, rom yvela bavSvi ar aris materialurad Tanabrad uzrunvelyofili 

da amgvari moswavleebi, SesaZloa, daiTrgunon imis gamo, 

rom Tanaklaselebis msgavsad ver SeZleben saCuqris SesaZenad fulis 

skolaSi motanas. 

magram Tu mainc moxda faqti da moswavleebma saCuqari miarTves maswavlebels, 

rogor unda moiqces igi? daubrunos moswavleebs misTvis 

mirTmeuli saCuqari, Tu sxva gzas SeuZlia mimarTos? 

maswavlebels saCuqris gamoyeneba SeuZlia moswavleebSi eTikuri da 

samoqalaqo Rirebulebebis Camoyalibebis mizniT. magaliTad, manana maswavlebels, 

misTvis naCuqari oqros sayurisTvis madlobis gadaxdasTan 

erTad, SeeZlo, SeeTavazebina moswavleTaTvis am saCuqris Sewirva 

nivTis an misi gayidviT aRebuli safasuris saxiT romelime fondis- 

Tvis, romelic mzrunvelobamoklebul, avadmyof an devnil bavSvebs exmareba, 

an uSualod daxmarebodnen romelime aseT konkretul bavSvs. 

am SemTxvevaSi moixsneboda yovelgvari uxerxuloba da maswavleblis 

saqcieli misabaZi magaliTi gaxdeboda TiTeuli moswavlisaTvis. 

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fsiqologi: 

imisaTvis, rom moswavleebSi madlierebisa da siyvarulis gamoxatvis 

survili ar daTrgunos da saCuqris ukan dabrunebiT guli ar atkinos, 

maswavlebelma unda auxsnas bavSvebs sakuTari qcevis RirebulebiTi aspeqtebi. 

is, rom amgvari saCuqari masSi erTgvari uxerxulobis grZnobas 

iwvevs da rom siyvarulisa da pativiscemis gamoxatva SeiZleba sxvagvaradac. 

misTvis ufro Zvirfasi iqneba maTive xeliT damzadebuli raime 

nivTi, Tundac baraTebi. 

pedagogisaTvis dauviwyar da ufro metad Rirebulad aramaterialuri 

saCuqari SeiZleba iqces, Tu is moswavleebis siyvarulisa da pativiscemis 

gamoxatulebaa. erTma pedagogma aseTi ram mogviTxro: ìm dRes 

Cemi dabadebis dRe iyo. skolaSi Cveulebisamebr mivedi da gakveTilebis 

Catarebasac Cveulebrivad vapirebdi. klasSi Sevedi da saxtad davrCi, 

arc erTi moswavle ar ijda Tavis adgilze. iseTi sibraze Semomawva, 

lamis cremlebi gadmomcvivda. sad daikarga mTeli klasi, amis gafiqreba 

Zlivs movaswari da uceb merxebis qvemodan wamoiSala mTeli klasi da 

daiwyes simRera: `ra lamazi dRea!..~ Semomexvivnen, milocavdnen da Tan 

mkocnidnen. es iyo CemTvis dauviwyari dabadebis dRe, Cemi moswavleebisagan 

miRebuli saukeTeso saCuqari.~ 

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105

ekomendebuli literatura: 

1. gogebaSvili, i. rCeuli Txzulebani xuT tomad, gamomcemloba 

`ganaTleba~, Tbilisi, 1989. 

2. erovnuli saswavlo gegma, 2009-2010 saswavlo weli. 

3. viswavloT erTad, inkluziuri ganaTleba, erovnuli saswavlo 

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2008. 

4. Ternbuli, j. profesionali maswavleblis 9 maxasiaTebeli, 

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2009 weli. 

5. marzano, j. efeqturi swavleba skolaSi, maswavlebelTa profesiuli 

ganviTarebis centri, 2009. 

6. maswavleblis damxmare saxelmZRvanelo 3 nawilad (ganviTarebisa da 

swavlis Teoriebi; swavleba da Sefaseba; saswavlo da profesiuli 

garemo), maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, Tbilisi, 

2008. 

7. maswavleblis profesiuli standarti, 2008. 

8. problemaze dafuZnebuli swavla, erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da 

Sefasebis centri, 2008. 

9. rogor vaswavloT moswavleebs azrovneba, erovnuli saswavlo 

gegmebisa da Sefasebis centri, 2007. 

10. tabataZe, S.; nacvliSvili, n. interkulturuli ganaTleba, 

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri, 2008. 

11. WavWavaZe, i. rCeuli nawarmoebebi xuT tomad, t. IV, gamomcemloba 

`sabWoTa saqarTvelo~, Tbilisi, 1987. 

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