habitat rupestre.pdf - Società Friulana di Archeologia

RUPESTRIAN MOSQUES OF ORTAHISARCRHIMA-CINP projectFig. 12 Çukur Mosque, border of summer and winter mosques (x), and alignmentof the mihrab (M1, M2).Fig. 13 Çukur Mosque: Northern façade, Western façade, Southern façade.Mosque open up to the small patio. Winter Mosque is dividedinto two naves by two piers (P1, P2). However the axis whereP1, P2 is aligned, is designed at an angle in order to give wayto Gate G1 and Window W1. The third pier, P3 must have beencarved due to structural necessity. The essential elements ofthe mosque is constructed by carving out the rock. Mihrap,niches for the sacred book, niches for shoe keeping etc.The Summer Mosque is adjacent to the Winter Mosque fromits western wall. Summer Mosque is juxtaposed to the WinterMosque through a wall on the eastern side built infront of thecarved wall of the Winter Mosque. The southern wall howeveris obtained through smooting of the the existing rock formationby an additional masonry wall. The rectangular nave ofthe Summer house is aligned to the North-South direction.In the masonry Summer Mosque, piers P4 and P5 are situatedat the intersection of x1- x2- x3 axis. The Summer Mosque isdivided into two vertical naves by piers P4, P5. The entranceto the Summer Mosque is made through gate G4. There is onelower level and (W4), four upper level (W5-W8) windows inthe Summer Mosque.Summer & Winter Mosques must have been constructed atdifferent times.One of the significant clues is the design of the mutual wall,which is composed of two walls on the X axis. One of thembelongs to Winter Mosque and the other to Summer Mosque.While the wall of the Winter Mosque is rock carved, the wallof the Summer Mosque is masonry. The implementation oftwo different material and technology indicate two differentconstruction activity. Another indication of different constructionactivity is the alignment of the mihrabs. The alignmentof the Winter Mosque M1 and the alignment of the SummerMosque M2 are different. These two alignments wouldhave been the same, if they were contructed at the same time.Fig. 14 Çukur Mosque, cross-section.volumeRicerca_OK_2012-11-15.indd 248 16/11/2012 15:04:00