saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
habitatebis dacvis Sesaxeb” (bernis konvencia), ”afrika-evraziis gadamfrenifrinvelebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba” (AEWA). garda amisa, evropaSi arsebobs ramdenimemniSvnelovani regionuli konvencia.evrokavSiris qveynebma Seqmnes daculi teritoriebis ekologiuri qseli ”natura 2000”(NATURA 2000), romlis mizania safrTxis winaSe myofi cxovelebisa da mcenareebissaxeobebisa da maTi sabinadro garemos dacva. igi moicavs evrokavSiris wevri qveynebismier ”habitatebis Sesaxeb direqtiviTa” da ”frinvelTa Sesaxeb direqtiviT” daculteritoriebs. dRemde am qselSi CarTulia 25.000-ze meti teritoria anu saiti, romelTasaerTo farTobi metia, vidre erTad aRebuli germaniisa da italiis teritoria.qveynebi valdebuli arian Seasrulon aucilebeli RonisZiebebi am saitebiskonservaciisaTvis da ar dauSvan maTi mdgomareobis gauareseba. praqtikulades niSnavs, rom yvela qveyana valdebulia erTnairi sqemiT moaxdinos faunisa dafloris konservaciuli statusis Sesaxeb informaciis Segroveba qselSi CasarTveladgansazRvrul teritoriebze da ganaxorcielos adeqvaturi dacviTi RonisZiebebi.garda “natura 2000”-sa, Seqmnilia e.w. “zurmuxtovani qseli” (Emerald Network). esqseli “natura 2000”-is qselTan Tavsebadia (teritoriebis SerCeva xdeba analogiurikriteriumebiT), magram masSi monawileoba SeuZliaT im qveynebsac, romlebic arSedian evrogaerTianebaSi da jerjerobiT ar arian bernis konvenciis wevrebi.qselSi CarTvisaTvis qveyanam bernis konveciis samdivnoSi unda waradginos ganacxadiim kandidati teritoriebisa, romlebic akmayofileben konvenciiT dadgenilpirobebs. samdivnos mier am teritoriebis damtkicebis Semdgom qveyanam unda miiRoszomebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen “zurmuxtovan qselSi” CarTuli teritoriebisdacvasa da adeqvatur marTvas. aseT qmedebebad miCneulia: ekologiuri kvlevebisCatareba am teritoriebze mimdinare kritikuli cvlilebebis dasadgenad; marTvisgegmebis Sedgena mokle da grZelvadiani miznebis misaRwevad; maqsimaluri sizustiTteritoriebis sazRvrebis gansazRvra da sxv. magram cxovrebiseuli realobidangamomdinare, naTelia, rom aseTi teritoriebis efeqturi dacva SesaZlebeliamxolod maTTvis daculi statusis miniWebiT, an raime garemosdacviTi proeqtebisfarglebSi moqceviT.evrokavSirs gaaCnia biomravalferovnebis dacvis politikuri (policy) da samarTlebriviinstrumentebi. ase magaliTad, biomravalferovnebis dacvis sakiTxebi SetaniliaevrokavSiris pilitikis ganmsazRvrel iseT dokumentebSi, rogorebicaa ”mdgradiganviTarebis strategia”, ”lisabonis partnioroba zrdisa da samuSao adgilebisaTvis”,”soflis meurneobis zogadi strategia”, ”meTevzeobis zogadi strategia”.rac Seexeba samarTlebriv instrumentebs, zemoT naxsenebi ”frinvelebis Sesaxebdireqtivisa” da ”habitatebis Sesaxeb direqtivis” garda, miRebulia ”garemozezemoqmedebis Sefasebis direqtiva”, ”strategiuli garemosdacviTi Sefasebisdireqtiva”, ”garemosdacviTi pasuxismgeblobis direqtiva” da sxv.biomravalferovnebis dacvis mniSvnelovan instruments evrokavSiris qveynebisaTvisaseve warmoadgens ”konvencia garemosdacviT sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli informaciisxelmisawvdomobis, gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis monawileobisda am sferoSi marTlmsajulebis sakiTxebze xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb“ (orhusiskonvencia).garda zemoaRniSnulisa, biomravalferovnebis dasacavad evrokavSirs gaaCniagarkveuli finansuri meqanizmebic. NATURA 2000 saitebis investireba xdebaevrokavSiris sxvadasxva fondebis mier, maT Soris amisaTvis specialurad Seqmnili4
fondebiTac. es upirveles yovlisa aris Life Programme - afinansebs garemosa dabunebis konservaciis proeqtebs evrokavSiris wevr, wevrobis kandidat da mezobelqveynebSi. 1992 wlidan Tanadafinansebulia 2750 proeqti, Tanadafinansebis TanxamSeadgina 1.35 miliardi evro.miuxedavad garkveuli warmatebisa, evropis qveynebis mTavrobebi mainc Tvlian, rombiomravalferovnebis dacva ar dgas saTanado doneze da evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobisbiomravalferovnebis dacvis kuTxiT aRsruleba aradamakmayofilebelia.2004 wlis maisSi irlandiaSi (malahide) damtkicebul iqna evrokomisiis Setyobineba„biomravalferovnebis kargvis SeCereba 2010 wlisaTvis da Semdgom periodSi:ekosistemebis mdgradi funqcionireba adamianebis sakeTildReod“.2004 wlis ivlisSi evrokomisiis mier miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba, rom ”natura2000”-is dasafinanseblad aRar Seiqmneba axali fondi da dafinanseba moxdeba arsebuliinstrumentebis meSveobiT. iqve naTqvamia, rom ”natura 2000” proeqtebis Rirebulebaiqneba 6 miliardi evro weliwadSi. evrokomisiam ”natura 2000” qselis finansurisaWiroebebis integrireba moaxdina 2007-2013 wlebis finansur perspeqtivebSi, romlisdafinanseba moxdeba evrokavSiris sxvadasxva struqturebis fondebisa da iniciativebismier.2. biomravalferovnebis dacva da marTva saqarTveloSi2.1 sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebisaqarTvelos garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis safuZvels saqarTveloskonstitucia qmnis, romlis 37-e muxlis Tanaxmad: `yvelas aqvs ufleba cxovrobdesjanmrTelobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi, sargeblobdes bunebrivi da kulturuligaremoTi. yvela valdebulia gaufrTxildes bunebriv da kulturul garemos~(punqti 3); `adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo garemos uzrunvelsayofad,sazogadoebis ekologiuri da ekonomikuri interesebis Sesabamisad, axlandelida momavali Taobebis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofsgaremos dacvas da racionalur bunebaTsargeblobas~ (punqti 4).saqarTveloSi biomravalferovnebis dacvasa da gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiTmiRebulia Semdegi kanonebi: `garemos dacvis Sesaxeb~, `daculi teritoriebissistemis Sesaxeb~, `cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb~, ”saqarTvelos ”wiTeli nusxisa” da”wiTeli wignis” Sesaxeb”, saqarTvelos tyis kodeqsi, “licenziebisa da nebarTvebisSesaxeb” da sxva normatiuli aqtebi.1996 wels saqarTvelos konstituciis zemoT aRniSnuli debulebebis ganxorcielebismizniT miRebuli iqna saqarTvelos kanoni `garemos dacvis Sesaxeb~, romelicmoicavs Semdeg sakiTxebs: garemos dacva mavne zemoqmedebisagan; garemos xarisxisgaumjobeseba; mdgradi ganviTareba da bunebrivi resursebis mdgradi gamoyeneba;biologiuri mravalferovnebisa da ekologiuri wonasworobis SenarCuneba; unikalurilandSaftebisa da ekosistemebis dacva; globaluri garemosdacviTi problemebisgadasaWrelad garkveuli Zalisxmevis warmarTva; garemos dacvis sferoSi moqalaqeTauflebebisa da movaleobebis gansazRvra; garemosdacviTi ganaTleba.saqarTvelos kanoni `daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb~ (1996 w.) gansazRvravsdaculi teritoriebis daarsebis, ganviTarebisa da funqcionirebis aspeqtebs;ayalibebs marTvaze pasuxismgebeli organoebis sistemas sxvadasxva doneze da5
- Page 1 and 2: iomravalferovnebis dacva da marTvas
- Page 5: SeCereba, wylis xarisxisa da daavad
- Page 9 and 10: konvencia biomravalferovnebis Sesax
- Page 11 and 12: 3. ekosistemebisaqarTveloSi gvxvdeb
- Page 14: funqciebis SenarCunebis RonisZiebeb
- Page 17: procesebad: dagegmva, metyeveoba, w
- Page 20 and 21: mzardma garemosdacviTma cnobierebam
- Page 22 and 23: unda iqcnen mniSvnelovan instrument
- Page 24 and 25: da soflis meurneobis organizaciis (
- Page 26 and 27: arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxrida
- Page 28 and 29: sertificireba satyeo sameurveo sabW
- Page 30 and 31: 3.2 daculi teritoriebi3.2.1 arsebul
- Page 32 and 33: dRevandeli mdgomareobiT, statusis g
- Page 34 and 35: administracia Sedgeba erTi struqtur
- Page 36 and 37: sazogadoebis mxridan. magram ekotur
- Page 38 and 39: koordinacias da dacviTi aqtivobebis
- Page 40 and 41: saxelmwifo nakrZalis statusi. saWir
- Page 42 and 43: nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” kanoniT. Tum
- Page 44 and 45: vinaidan SeuZlia mTlianad Secvalos
- Page 46 and 47: 5. biousafrTxoebasaqarTvelos biomra
- Page 48 and 49: • `genetikurad modificirebuli org
- Page 50 and 51: mizeziT ukanono mopovebam (tyis Wra
- Page 52 and 53: gamoyenebuli literatura:1. n. zazan
- Page 54 and 55: 41. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
habitatebis <strong>da</strong>cvis Sesaxeb” (bernis konvencia), ”afrika-evraziis ga<strong>da</strong>mfrenifrinvelebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba” (AEWA). gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, evropaSi arsebobs ramdenimemniSvnelovani regionuli konvencia.<strong>evrokavSiris</strong> qveynebma Seqmnes <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis ekologiuri qseli ”natura 2000”(NATURA 2000), romlis mizania safrTxis winaSe myofi cxovelebisa <strong>da</strong> mcenareebissaxeobebisa <strong>da</strong> maTi sabinadro garemos <strong>da</strong>cva. igi moicavs <strong>evrokavSiris</strong> wevri qveynebismier ”habitatebis Sesaxeb direqtiviTa” <strong>da</strong> ”frinvelTa Sesaxeb direqtiviT” <strong>da</strong>culteritoriebs. dRemde am qselSi CarTulia 25.000-ze meti teritoria anu saiti, romelTasaerTo farTobi metia, vidre erTad aRebuli germaniisa <strong>da</strong> italiis teritoria.qveynebi valdebuli arian Seasrulon aucilebeli RonisZiebebi am saitebiskonservaciisaTvis <strong>da</strong> ar <strong>da</strong>uSvan maTi mdgomareobis gauareseba. praqtikulades niSnavs, rom yvela qveyana valdebulia erTnairi sqemiT moaxdinos faunisa <strong>da</strong>floris konservaciuli statusis Sesaxeb informaciis Segroveba qselSi CasarTveladgansazRvrul teritoriebze <strong>da</strong> ganaxorcielos adeqvaturi <strong>da</strong>cviTi RonisZiebebi.gar<strong>da</strong> “natura 2000”-sa, Seqmnilia e.w. “zurmuxtovani qseli” (Emerald Network). esqseli “natura 2000”-is qselTan Tavsebadia (teritoriebis SerCeva xdeba analogiurikriteriumebiT), magram masSi monawileoba SeuZliaT im qveynebsac, romlebic arSedian evrogaerTianebaSi <strong>da</strong> jerjerobiT ar arian bernis konvenciis wevrebi.qselSi CarTvisaTvis qveyanam bernis konveciis samdivnoSi un<strong>da</strong> waradginos ganacxadiim kandi<strong>da</strong>ti teritoriebisa, romlebic akmayofileben konvenciiT <strong>da</strong>dgenilpirobebs. samdivnos mier am teritoriebis <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Semdgom qveyanam un<strong>da</strong> miiRoszomebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen “zurmuxtovan qselSi” CarTuli teritoriebis<strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong> adeqvatur marTvas. aseT qmedebebad miCneulia: ekologiuri kvlevebisCatareba am teritoriebze mimdinare kritikuli cvlilebebis <strong>da</strong>sadgenad; marTvisgegmebis Sedgena mokle <strong>da</strong> grZelvadiani miznebis misaRwevad; maqsimaluri sizustiTteritoriebis sazRvrebis gansazRvra <strong>da</strong> sxv. magram cxovrebiseuli realobi<strong>da</strong>ngamomdinare, naTelia, rom aseTi teritoriebis efeqturi <strong>da</strong>cva SesaZlebeliamxolod maTTvis <strong>da</strong>culi statusis miniWebiT, an raime garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi proeqtebisfarglebSi moqceviT.evrokavSirs gaaCnia biomravalferovnebis <strong>da</strong>cvis politikuri (policy) <strong>da</strong> samarTlebriviinstrumentebi. ase magaliTad, biomravalferovnebis <strong>da</strong>cvis sakiTxebi Setanilia<strong>evrokavSiris</strong> pilitikis ganmsazRvrel iseT dokumentebSi, rogorebicaa ”mdgradiganviTarebis strategia”, ”lisabonis partnioroba zrdisa <strong>da</strong> samuSao adgilebisaTvis”,”soflis meurneobis zogadi strategia”, ”meTevzeobis zogadi strategia”.rac Seexeba samarTlebriv instrumentebs, zemoT naxsenebi ”frinvelebis Sesaxebdireqtivisa” <strong>da</strong> ”habitatebis Sesaxeb direqtivis” gar<strong>da</strong>, miRebulia ”garemozezemoqmedebis Sefasebis direqtiva”, ”strategiuli garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi Sefasebisdireqtiva”, ”garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi pasuxismgeblobis direqtiva” <strong>da</strong> sxv.biomravalferovnebis <strong>da</strong>cvis mniSvnelovan instruments <strong>evrokavSiris</strong> qveynebisaTvisaseve warmoadgens ”konvencia garemos<strong>da</strong>cviT sakiTxebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli informaciisxelmisawvdomobis, ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis monawileobis<strong>da</strong> am sferoSi marTlmsajulebis sakiTxebze xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb“ (orhusiskonvencia).gar<strong>da</strong> zemoaRniSnulisa, biomravalferovnebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad evrokavSirs gaaCniagarkveuli finansuri meqanizmebic. NATURA 2000 saitebis investireba xdeba<strong>evrokavSiris</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva fondebis mier, maT Soris amisaTvis specialurad Seqmnili4
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