saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
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4. saxeobebi4.1 arsebuli mdgomareobacocxali organizmebis saxeobrivi mravalferovneba saqarTveloSi Zalze maRalia.cxovelTa samyaro<strong>da</strong>n saqarTveloSi aRricxulia Tevzebis 84, amfibiebis 12,qvewarmavlebis 52, frinvelebis 300-ze meti <strong>da</strong> ZuZumwovrebis 109 saxeoba. maTSoris aris <strong>saqarTvelosa</strong> <strong>da</strong> kavkasiis endemebi. uxerxemloTa fauna araTanabra<strong>da</strong>aSeswavlili – zogi jgufi Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT srula<strong>da</strong>a gamokvleuli, zogierTze ki mwiricnobebi moipoveba.saqarTveloSi WurWlovani mcenareebis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 4100 saxeobaa gamokvleuli (mTelkavkasiaSi 6350 saxeobaa). 300 saxeoba saqarTvelos endemia, aseve gavrcelebulia<strong>da</strong>axloebiT 600 kavkasiis endemuri saxeoba. endemebiT gansakuTrebiT mdi<strong>da</strong>riakavkasionis centraluri <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTi nawilebi.aseve mdi<strong>da</strong>ria saqarTvelos agrobiomravalferovneba, anu Sinauri cxovelebisa <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong> kulturuli mcenareebis jiSebis mravalferovneba. Cveni qveyana iTvleba mravalimaTganis warmoSobis kerad, maT Soris vazisa <strong>da</strong> marcvlovnebis.biomravalferovnebaze moqmedi yvela safrTxe, romelzec zemoT iyo saubari, pirvelrigSi moqmedebs saxeobebze. Sedegad, mraval maTgans ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis realuri safrTxeemuqreba.saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba, romelic aregulirebs saxeobebis <strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong>gamoyenebas, moicavs kanonebs: “cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb” (1996), “tyis kodeqss”(1999), `saqarTvelos `wiTeli nusxisa” <strong>da</strong> `wiTeli wignis” Sesaxeb” (2003), ”licenziebisa<strong>da</strong> nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” aseve sxva normatiul aqtebs. es sakiTxebi aseve asaxulia”saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis strategiasa <strong>da</strong> moqmedebaTa gegmaSi”. aRniSnulikanonmdebloba, jerjerobiT <strong>da</strong>xvewas moiTxovs. magaliTad, cxovelTa samyarosaTvisarsebobs specialuri kanoni – ”cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb”. mcenareTa saxeobebis<strong>da</strong>cvasa <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebis sakiTxebs nawilobriv aregulirebs saqarTvelos tyis kodeqsi.iSviaT <strong>da</strong> safrTxis winaze myofi saxeobebisaTvis arsebobs kanoni `saqarTvelos`wiTeli nusxisa” <strong>da</strong> `wiTeli wignis” Sesaxeb”<strong>da</strong> prezidentis brZanebuleba, romliTac<strong>da</strong>mtkic<strong>da</strong> ”wiTeli wusxa”. magram am nusxaSi jerjerobiT ver moxerx<strong>da</strong> aramerqnuli(balaxovani mcenareebis Setana). imis fonze, rom ar arsebobs specialuri kanonimcenareTa samyaros Sesaxeb, balaxovani mcenareebi dReisaTvis praqtikulad”<strong>da</strong>ucveli” arian. maT Sorisaa komerciuli Rirebulebis mqone, iSviaTi <strong>da</strong>ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis piras myofi saxeobebi, samkurnalo mcenareebi <strong>da</strong> sxv. ar regulirdebaiSviaTi <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>Senebis piras myofi saxeobebis samecniero mizniT mopovebac –ar arsebobs raime sanebarTvo forma, romelic gaicema aseTi saqmianobisaTvis.saxeobaTa <strong>da</strong>cva SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes ori gziT: in-situ <strong>da</strong> ex-situ RonisZiebebiT 27 .pirvels miekuTvneba sabinadro garemos <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis SeqmniT <strong>da</strong>saqmianobebze sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva garemos<strong>da</strong>cviTi SezRudvebis <strong>da</strong>wesebiT. Tumca <strong>da</strong>culiteritoriebis gareT habitatebis <strong>da</strong>cvas ar eqceva yuradReba. meores miekuTvnebaxelovnul pirobebSi ganxorcielebuli konservaciuli qmedebebi. ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, essamuSaoebi floraze iyo orientirebuli ramdenime arsebuli botanikuri baRissaSualebiT (Tbilisis, baTumis, soxumis, zugdidis, bakurianis). cxovelTa samyarosgamoyeneba regulirdeba ”cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb” kanoniT <strong>da</strong> “licenziebisa <strong>da</strong>27 in-situ konservacia – saxeobebis <strong>da</strong>cva bunebriv pirobebSi; ex-situ konservacia – saxeobebis <strong>da</strong>cvaxelovnur pirobebSi39
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