saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris midgomebi
3.2 daculi teritoriebi3.2.1 arsebuli mdgomareobasaqarTveloSi pirveli nakrZali 1912 wels lagodexSi daarsda. sul sabWoTa kavSirisarsebobis periodSi Seiqmna 14 nakrZali da 5 satyeo-samonadireo meurneoba. mkacraddaculi teritoriebi warmoadgenda saqarTvelos mTliani teritoriis 2,4 %-s, xolosatyeo-samonadireo meurneobebi _ 0,8%-s.nakrZalebSi kanoniT akrZaluli iyo nebismieri saxis Careva. ikrZaleboda resursebismopoveba, tyis Wra, nadiroba, wiaRis amoReba, mSenebloba, turizmi da a.S. miuxedavadamisa, es principi darRveuli iyo TiTqmis yvela nakrZalSi. amasTanave, nakrZalebisdaarsebisas ar gamoiyeneboda kompleqsuri midgoma. aqcenti keTdeboda romelime erTisaxeobis dacvaze, yuradReba ar eqceoda sxva saxeobebsa Tu mTlianad ekosistemas.arasworad iyo identificirebuli nakrZalebis Camoyalibebis miznebi, amasTanavear arsebobda daculi teritoriebis erTiani samarTlebrivi baza. aRniSnulisgamo, saqarTvelos nakrZalebis umetesoba dabali ekologiuri efeqturobiTxasiaTdeboda.kidev erTi tipis dacul obieqtebs warmoadgendnen cocxali da aracocxali bunebisZeglebi. isini Setanili iyvnen “saqarTvelos ssr wiTel wignSi”, cocxali bunebisZeglebad aRiricxebodnen calkeuli xe-mcenareebis didi zomis da didxnovaniegzemplarebi, mag., Walis muxa sagarejos raionSi (“eristos muxa”, asaki daaxl. 600weli), uTxovari axmetis raionSi (“xe patriarqi” asaki 1800 weli) da sxv. – sul 30obieqti. araorganuli bunebis Zeglebs warmoadgendnen mRvimeebi, kldis svetebi,kanionebi da xeobebi, namarxi mcenareuloba, vulkanuri formebi da sxva - sul77 obieqti. am Zeglebis marTva ar xdeboda, maTi nawili mdebareobda saxelmwifonakrZalebis teritoriaze. SesaZlebeli iyo samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisdakisreba (administraciul da sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT) bunebis Zeglebisxelyofisa da dazianebisaTvis. Tanamedrove gagebiT, am Zeglebis adgili ar aris“wiTel wignSi” da maT unda hqondeT daculi teritoriebis statusi. Tumca, radgansabWoTa kanonmdebloba ar cnobda aseTi tipis dacul teritorias, ”wiTel wignSi”Setana warmoadgenda maTi SenarCunebisa da popularizaciis erTaderT saSualebas.sabWoTa periodSi nakrZalebisa da saxelmwifo samonadireo meurneobebis marTvasawarmoebda nakrZalebisa da samonadireo meurneobebis mTavari sammarTvelo.sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg misi memkvidre gaxda saqarTvelos nakrZalebisa dasamonadireo meurneobebis mTavari sammarTvelo 21 , romelic droebiTi debulebissafuZvelze funqcionirebda 1992 wlis 16 ivlisidan (“saqarTvelos nakrZalebisa dasamonadireo meurneobis mTavari sammarTvelos struqturisa da droebiTi debulebisdamtkicebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos mTavrobis 1992 wlis 16 ivlisis #) 1997 wlis9 oqtombramde, roca ZalaSi Sevida saqarTvelos prezidentis #568 brZanebuleba“saqarTvelos daculi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa da samonadireo meurneobissaxelmwifo departamentis debulebis Sesaxeb”. (manamde ZalaSi Sevida kanoni“daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb”). 1996 wlamde ar arsebobda specialurikanoni daculi teritoriebis sistemasTan dakavSirebiT.gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebidan saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebis xelSewyobiTdaiwyo Tanamedrove daculi teritoriebis Camoyalibeba. SemuSavda daculi teritoriebisganviTarebis sqema, rac safuZvlad daedo Semdgom gegmarebiT samuSaoebs.21sxvadasxva wlebSi Sedioda sxvadasxva saministros daqvemdebarebaSi, an iyo damoukidebeli uwyeba.28
1996 wels ZalSi Sevida kanoni “daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb”. am kanoniTdadginda, rom saqarTveloSi daculi teritoriebi unda iqmnebodes saerTaSorisokriteriumebis, kerZod bunebis dacvis msoflio kavSiris (IUCN) kategoriebismixedviT (ix. cxrili):daculi teritoriis saxedaniSnulebakategoria(IUCN)saxelmwifo nakrZali mkacri dacva Ierovnuli parki ekosistemis konservacia da rekriacia IIbunebis Zegli bunebis Taviseburebebis konservacia IIIaRkveTili SenarCuneba aqtiuri marTvis gziT IVlandSaftebis da/an zRvis akvatoriisdaculi landSafti da/an zRviskonservacia da rekriaciaVakvatoriamravalmxrivi gamoyenebisteritoriabunebrivi ekosistemis mdgradigamoyenebagarda CamoTvlilisa, SesaZlebelia Seiqmnas biosferuli rezervati da msofliomemkvidreobis ubani. orive kategoriis damtkiceba UNESCO-s aRiarebis Semdegxdeba. kanonmdebloba aseve iTvaliswinebs savargulebis saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobiswyalWarbi teritoriebis nusxaSi, anu ramsar saitebis nusxaSi (Ramsar Site) CarTvas.rogorc aRvniSneT, daculi teritoriebis marTvis gansaxorcieleblad am kanonismiRebis Semdeg Seiqmna saqarTvelos daculi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa dasamonadireo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamenti (saqarTvelos prezidentis #568brZanebuleba).am saxelmwifo departamentis saxelwodeba sakmaod gaugebari da, SeiZleba iTqvas,kuriozulic iyo. nakrZalebi warmoadgenen daculi teritoriebis erT-erTkategorias, es aRniSnuli iyo rogorc kanonSi, ise am departamentis debulebaSi.am periodisaTvis arsebuli 5 saxelmwifo satyeo-samonadireo meurneoba gadakeTdasaxelmwifo aRkveTilebad, anu daculi teritoriis kidev erT kategoriad(saqarTvelos kanoni ”cxovelTa samyaros Sesaxeb”, 1996); saxelmwifo dawesebulebebsCamoerTvaT sameurneo funqciebi: samonadireo meurneobis Camoyalibisa da marTvisufleba gaaCnia mxolod kerZo fizikur da iuridiul pirs. aqedan gamomdinare,gaugebari iyo, ratom darCa departamentis saxelwodebaSi sityvebi ”nakrZalebi” da”samonadireo meurneobebi”.”vardebis revoluciis” Semdgom 2004 wels daculi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa dasamonadireo meureobebis saxelmwifo departamenti reorganizebul iqna da SevidasaqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros SemadgenlobaSi,rogorc ”saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba daculi teritoriebisdepartamenti”.dReisaTvis Cvens qveyanaSi arsebobs 5 erovnuli parki, 9 saxelmwifo aRkveTili, 18saxelmwifo nakrZali, 3 bunebis Zegli, 1 daculi landSafti. daculi teritoriebissaerTo farTobia 467 221 ha, rac qveynis teritoriis daaxloebiT 6,7%_s Seadgens.maT Soris tyiT dafarulia daaxloebiT 75% 22 . saqarTvelos erTi daculi teritoria,kerZod borjom-xaragaulis erovnuli parki 2007 wels gaerTianda daculiteritoriebis saerTaSoriso qselSi PAN-Parks.VI22www.dpa.gov.ge29
- Page 1 and 2: iomravalferovnebis dacva da marTvas
- Page 5 and 6: SeCereba, wylis xarisxisa da daavad
- Page 7 and 8: fondebiTac. es upirveles yovlisa ar
- Page 9 and 10: konvencia biomravalferovnebis Sesax
- Page 11 and 12: 3. ekosistemebisaqarTveloSi gvxvdeb
- Page 14: funqciebis SenarCunebis RonisZiebeb
- Page 17: procesebad: dagegmva, metyeveoba, w
- Page 20 and 21: mzardma garemosdacviTma cnobierebam
- Page 22 and 23: unda iqcnen mniSvnelovan instrument
- Page 24 and 25: da soflis meurneobis organizaciis (
- Page 26 and 27: arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxrida
- Page 28 and 29: sertificireba satyeo sameurveo sabW
- Page 32 and 33: dRevandeli mdgomareobiT, statusis g
- Page 34 and 35: administracia Sedgeba erTi struqtur
- Page 36 and 37: sazogadoebis mxridan. magram ekotur
- Page 38 and 39: koordinacias da dacviTi aqtivobebis
- Page 40 and 41: saxelmwifo nakrZalis statusi. saWir
- Page 42 and 43: nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” kanoniT. Tum
- Page 44 and 45: vinaidan SeuZlia mTlianad Secvalos
- Page 46 and 47: 5. biousafrTxoebasaqarTvelos biomra
- Page 48 and 49: • `genetikurad modificirebuli org
- Page 50 and 51: mizeziT ukanono mopovebam (tyis Wra
- Page 52 and 53: gamoyenebuli literatura:1. n. zazan
- Page 54 and 55: 41. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
3.2 <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebi3.2.1 arsebuli mdgomareobasaqarTveloSi pirveli nakrZali 1912 wels lagodexSi <strong>da</strong>ars<strong>da</strong>. sul sabWoTa kavSirisarsebobis periodSi Seiqmna 14 nakrZali <strong>da</strong> 5 satyeo-samonadireo meurneoba. mkacrad<strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebi warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos mTliani teritoriis 2,4 %-s, xolosatyeo-samonadireo meurneobebi _ 0,8%-s.nakrZalebSi kanoniT akrZaluli iyo nebismieri saxis Careva. ikrZalebo<strong>da</strong> resursebismopoveba, tyis Wra, nadiroba, wiaRis amoReba, mSenebloba, turizmi <strong>da</strong> a.S. miuxe<strong>da</strong>va<strong>da</strong>misa, es principi <strong>da</strong>rRveuli iyo TiTqmis yvela nakrZalSi. amasTanave, nakrZalebis<strong>da</strong>arsebisas ar gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> kompleqsuri midgoma. aqcenti keTdebo<strong>da</strong> romelime erTisaxeobis <strong>da</strong>cvaze, yuradReba ar eqceo<strong>da</strong> sxva saxeobebsa Tu mTlianad ekosistemas.arasworad iyo identificirebuli nakrZalebis Camoyalibebis miznebi, amasTanavear arsebob<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis erTiani samarTlebrivi baza. aRniSnulisgamo, saqarTvelos nakrZalebis umetesoba <strong>da</strong>bali ekologiuri efeqturobiTxasiaTdebo<strong>da</strong>.kidev erTi tipis <strong>da</strong>cul obieqtebs warmoadgendnen cocxali <strong>da</strong> aracocxali bunebisZeglebi. isini Setanili iyvnen “saqarTvelos ssr wiTel wignSi”, cocxali bunebisZeglebad aRiricxebodnen calkeuli xe-mcenareebis didi zomis <strong>da</strong> didxnovaniegzemplarebi, mag., Walis muxa sagarejos raionSi (“eristos muxa”, asaki <strong>da</strong>axl. 600weli), uTxovari axmetis raionSi (“xe patriarqi” asaki 1800 weli) <strong>da</strong> sxv. – sul 30obieqti. araorganuli bunebis Zeglebs warmoadgendnen mRvimeebi, kldis svetebi,kanionebi <strong>da</strong> xeobebi, namarxi mcenareuloba, vulkanuri formebi <strong>da</strong> sxva - sul77 obieqti. am Zeglebis marTva ar xdebo<strong>da</strong>, maTi nawili mdebareob<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifonakrZalebis teritoriaze. SesaZlebeli iyo samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis<strong>da</strong>kisreba (administraciul <strong>da</strong> sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT) bunebis Zeglebisxelyofisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>zianebisaTvis. Tanamedrove gagebiT, am Zeglebis adgili ar aris“wiTel wignSi” <strong>da</strong> maT un<strong>da</strong> hqondeT <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis statusi. Tumca, radgansabWoTa kanonmdebloba ar cnob<strong>da</strong> aseTi tipis <strong>da</strong>cul teritorias, ”wiTel wignSi”Setana warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> maTi SenarCunebisa <strong>da</strong> popularizaciis erTaderT saSualebas.sabWoTa periodSi nakrZalebisa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo samonadireo meurneobebis marTvasawarmoeb<strong>da</strong> nakrZalebisa <strong>da</strong> samonadireo meurneobebis mTavari sammarTvelo.sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Slis Semdeg misi memkvidre gax<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos nakrZalebisa <strong>da</strong>samonadireo meurneobebis mTavari sammarTvelo 21 , romelic droebiTi debulebissafuZvelze funqcionireb<strong>da</strong> 1992 wlis 16 ivlisi<strong>da</strong>n (“saqarTvelos nakrZalebisa <strong>da</strong>samonadireo meurneobis mTavari sammarTvelos struqturisa <strong>da</strong> droebiTi debulebis<strong>da</strong>mtkicebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos mTavrobis 1992 wlis 16 ivlisis #) 1997 wlis9 oqtombramde, roca ZalaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong> saqarTvelos prezidentis #568 brZanebuleba“saqarTvelos <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa <strong>da</strong> samonadireo meurneobissaxelmwifo departamentis debulebis Sesaxeb”. (manamde ZalaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong> kanoni“<strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb”). 1996 wlamde ar arsebob<strong>da</strong> specialurikanoni <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis sistemasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT.gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebi<strong>da</strong>n saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebis xelSewyobiT<strong>da</strong>iwyo Tanamedrove <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebis Camoyalibeba. SemuSav<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>culi teritoriebisganviTarebis sqema, rac safuZvlad <strong>da</strong>edo Semdgom gegmarebiT samuSaoebs.21sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva wlebSi Sedio<strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saministros <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebaSi, an iyo <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli uwyeba.28
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