soxumis saxelmwifo universiteti
Share Embed Flag
Download ePaper

soxumis saxelmwifo universiteti

soxumis saxelmwifo universiteti soxumis saxelmwifo universiteti

sou.edu.ge
11.07.2015 Views

ebSi, romlisTvisac vinmes uxdidnen gadasaxadebs, CrdilodasavleTkavkasiaSi ar ikveTeba. msgavsi mdgomareobaa aq,miwis sakuTrebis siuzerenul-vasalur sistemasTan dakavSirebiTac.amrigad, XVIIIs-ze adre Crdilo-dasavleT kavkasiaSifeodaluri urTierTobis niSnebze saubari Zneldeba. aqufro wvrili saojaxo-individualuri, sagvaro da saTemomflobelobaa gabatonebuli. aqedan gamomdinare, masalebSiaxalSobilis gaZiZavebaze da sxvis ojaxSi aRzrdaze, araferianaTqvami. rac Seexeba, terminebs – Tavadi, vasali daa.S. – maTi damkvidrebis mizezi sxva movlenasTan iyo dakav-Sirebuli.Crdilo kavkasiaSi uZvelesi droidan damkvidrebulimekobruli TareSis Sedegad erTeuli sagvareulo, naTesaurijgufis laSqarTa meTaurebis dawinaureba-gaZliereba, ZaladobiTqonebis moxveWa an miwis xelSi Cagdeba, sabWoTaperiodSi adrefeodalur, mTur feodalizmad miCneuli socialuristruqturis ganmapirobebeli gaxda. rac vfiqrobT,feodaluri urTierTobis Camoyalibebis principebsar Seesabameboda. Cveni varaudiT, igi aseve sabWoTa period-Si samxedro demokratiis saxelwodebiT damkvidrebuli safexurisSinaarss ufro Seefereba. Crdilo kavkasiaSi mTiurifeodalizmis niSnebi sakmaod gvian gaCnda da susti iyo,aqedan gamomdinare mamamZuZeobis institutic gvian unda Camoyalibebuliyo.amas is faqtic unda daematos, rom Turqulitermini aTaliki XVIIs-ze adre Crdilo kavkasiaSiver moxvdeboda.Cerqezuli warmoSobisa da saerTod Crdilo-dasavleTkavkasiis xalxebSi yvelaze farTod aTalikoba XVIII-XIXss.iyo gavrcelebuli. institutis funqcionirebaSi lokaluriTaviseburebebi SeiniSneboda, magram maT saerTo Crdilo kavkasiurzogad elementebs yvela maTgani erTnairad eqvemdebareboda.adiReuri eTnikuri mcire jgufebisaTvis terminebimsgavsi iyo, magram yaraCauls, balyaruls, romlebic ala-Taur enaTa ojaxs ekuTvnis terminologia gansxvavebulihqonda. Cerqezul-yabardoulSi aRsazrdeli `kan~ aRmzrde-485

li `aTalik~ terminiT aRiniSneboda. 1 yaraCaSi aRmzrdel mamakacs`emCek ata~, ZuZus mawovebel qals ki – `emCek ana ananalk~ ewodeboda. TviT aRsazrdeli vaJi `emCek ulan~, an`emCek daJaS~, qaliSvili – `emCek kz~, xolo ukve aRzrdamiRebuli `emildeS~ iyo. 2TavisTavad cxadia, Crdilo kavkasieli aTalikismzrunvelobis mTavari mizani iyo aRsazrdelisaTvis cxenzejdomis, jiriTis, isris srolis, xmlisa da iaraRis xmarebisada, amasTan erTad, zrdilobis kodeqsisa da mWermetyvelebisSeswavla. vaJi, aTalikTan erTad, mezobel xalxeb-Si mogzaurobda, sxvadasxva xalxebSi gamarTul samxedroTamaSebSi da, miT umetes, jiriTSi (doRSi) iRebda monawileobas,sadac, gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi, miRebuli jildoaTaliks ekuTvnoda. 3Crdilo kavkasiuri aTalikoba qarTuli mamamZuZeobisaganimiT gansxvavdeboda, rom aTaliki Tavis aRsazrdels 4wlidan TareSis, mekobreobis, mzakvrobis yvelanair saSualebasaswavlida. wyaroebis Tanaxmad, mTeli XVIII-XIXsaukuneebis gazafxuli da Semodgoma, adiReli feodalebi`mindorSi~ gasvlisTanave TareSiT iyvnen mTlianad dakavebulni,romelsac xSirad nadirobasa da sxva gasarTobebsuTavsebdnen. gazafxulze `mindorSi~ gasvla aprilsa da ivnisSixdeboda. cxenebsa da moTareSeebs orives sakvebi esa-Wiroeboda. bevris waReba samZimo saqme iyo, amitom isinisxvadasxva xalxebze Tavdasxmis dros moipovebdnen yvelafers.Semodgomis TareSis cikli 3 Tve (seqtemberi, oqtomberi,noemberi) grZeldeboda. siciveebisa da pirveli TovlisSemdeg yvela feodali Tavis saxlSi brundeboda. Tovli,rogorc wesi, kvals tovebda, romelsac mdevari yaCaRifeodalebis TavSesaframde SeeZlo mieyvana. TavSesafarimkacrad konspirirebuli iyo da im adgils arasodes ucxo1 Кабардинцы и черкесы. – Народы Кавказа. Т. I. М., 1960, gv.179; И. Х. Калмыков.Черкесы. Черкесск, 1974, gv. 199-200; Ш. Б. Ногмов. История адыгейскогонарода. Нальчик, 1958, gv. 81.2 Карачаевцы. Этнографический сборник. Черкесск, 1978, gv. 211.3 В. К. Гарданов. Общественный строй Адыгских народов. М., 1967, gv. 169-170.486

li `aTalik~ terminiT aRiniSneboda. 1 yaraCaSi aRmzrdel mamakacs`emCek ata~, ZuZus mawovebel qals ki – `emCek ana ananalk~ ewodeboda. TviT aRsazrdeli vaJi `emCek ulan~, an`emCek daJaS~, qaliSvili – `emCek kz~, xolo ukve aRzrdamiRebuli `emildeS~ iyo. 2TavisTavad cxadia, Crdilo kavkasieli aTalikismzrunvelobis mTavari mizani iyo aRsazrdelisaTvis cxenzejdomis, jiriTis, isris srolis, xmlisa da iaraRis xmarebisada, amasTan erTad, zrdilobis kodeqsisa da mWermetyvelebisSeswavla. vaJi, aTalikTan erTad, mezobel xalxeb-Si mogzaurobda, sxvadasxva xalxebSi gamarTul samxedroTamaSebSi da, miT umetes, jiriTSi (doRSi) iRebda monawileobas,sadac, gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi, miRebuli jildoaTaliks ekuTvnoda. 3Crdilo kavkasiuri aTalikoba qarTuli mamamZuZeobisaganimiT gansxvavdeboda, rom aTaliki Tavis aRsazrdels 4wlidan TareSis, mekobreobis, mzakvrobis yvelanair saSualebasaswavlida. wyaroebis Tanaxmad, mTeli XVIII-XIXsaukuneebis gazafxuli da Semodgoma, adiReli feodalebi`mindorSi~ gasvlisTanave TareSiT iyvnen mTlianad dakavebulni,romelsac xSirad nadirobasa da sxva gasarTobebsuTavsebdnen. gazafxulze `mindorSi~ gasvla aprilsa da ivnisSixdeboda. cxenebsa da moTareSeebs orives sakvebi esa-Wiroeboda. bevris waReba samZimo saqme iyo, amitom isinisxvadasxva xalxebze Tavdasxmis dros moipovebdnen yvelafers.Semodgomis TareSis cikli 3 Tve (seqtemberi, oqtomberi,noemberi) grZeldeboda. siciveebisa da pirveli TovlisSemdeg yvela feodali Tavis saxlSi brundeboda. Tovli,rogorc wesi, kvals tovebda, romelsac mdevari yaCaRifeodalebis TavSesaframde SeeZlo mieyvana. TavSesafarimkacrad konspirirebuli iyo da im adgils arasodes ucxo1 Кабардинцы и черкесы. – Народы Кавказа. Т. I. М., 1960, gv.179; И. Х. Калмыков.Черкесы. Черкесск, 1974, gv. 199-200; Ш. Б. Ногмов. История адыгейскогонарода. Нальчик, 1958, gv. 81.2 Карачаевцы. Этнографический сборник. Черкесск, 1978, gv. 211.3 В. К. Гарданов. Общественный строй Адыгских народов. М., 1967, gv. 169-170.486

logo

Prodotti

Risorse

Aziende

Terms of service
Privacy policy
Cookie policy
Cookie settings
Imprint
Change language
Made with love in Switzerland
© 2024 Yumpu.com all rights reserved

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!