Summaries / Resúmenes - Studia Moralia

Summaries / Resúmenes - Studia Moralia Summaries / Resúmenes - Studia Moralia

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510 REVIEWS / RECENSIONESChapters three and four focus on Ramsey. Chapter three, “LoveJustice, and the Whole Idea of God” (pp. 33-50), shows that, forRamsey, “…the Christian moral life could not be understood apartfrom the divine activities of creation, preservation, and redemption”(p. 47). Chapter four, “Political and Medical Ethics” (pp. 51-71),demonstrates that Ramsey “…sought to interpret H. RichardNiebuhr’s thought away from moral relativism, which makes noplace for objectivity valid norms, and toward ‘relational objectivism’”(p. 67). In each chapter, the author points Niebuhr’s influence onRamsey’s thought as he forged his own unique contribution toChristian ethics.Chapters five and six contrast Niebuhr’s thought with that ofHauerwas. Chapter five, “Keeping Faith in Good Company” (pp. 72-94), shows how Hauerwas takes up the legacy of Niebuhr, especiallyin the way he stresses Christian community life and practices, andhis need to situate this life within the social context of the world (p.90). Chapter six, “Politics, Creation, and conversion” (pp. 95-118)points out some of Hauerwas’s sharp criticisms of Niebuhr’s conversionismand his preference for the “Christ transformer of culture”typos for the relationship between Christianity and the world.Chapters seven and eight look at Neibuhr’s thought in relation toGustafson. Chapter seven, “God Will Be God” (pp. 119-42), points outa number of resemblances between the two thinkers. Of all the fourwriters being compared with Niebuhr, Gustafson was the most closelyassociated with him. Like Niebuhr, he avoids theological one-sidedness,acknowledges the storied character of Christian life, insiststhat theology take scientific inquiry seriously, and resistsChristocentric theologies that attribute “ultimate status” to Jesus(pp. 137-38). Chapter eight, “Questions for Theocentric Ethics” (pp.143-63) identifies a significant difference in their respectiveapproaches to the confessional task of theology, i.e., Gustafson’s“…definite emphasis on the social and psychological over against theobjective (p. 149).Chapter nine and ten examine Neibuhr’s legacy through the eyesof Tanner. Chapter nine, “Transcendence, Culture, and Ethics” (pp.164-82), shows Tanner’s critical development of a number ofNeibuhr’s deepest convictions. These include: “the transcendenceand sovereignty of God, the relation between Creator and creation,Jesus as the manifestation of God’s total graciousness, the socialdimension of human existence, the equality of human creatures, and

REVIEWS / RECENSIONES 511the dangers of defensiveness” (p. 164). Chapter ten, “Realism,Identity, and Self-Defense” (pp.183-202), places Ramsey, Hauerwas,and Gustafson in dialogue with Tanner to show that they offerrespectively “…a conversionism that is too conservative, a Christianidentity that is insufficiently open, and a theology that too readilygives up on distinctively Christian modes of discourse” (p. 183). Inthis discussion, many of Niebuhr’s ideas provide key insights thatguide the discussion.By way of conclusion, the final chapter, “Eight Theses forTheological Ethics” (pp. 203-224), offers a response to the eight questionsraised in chapter one. The author develops these theses fromthe dialogue he has fashioned between Niebuhr and these four representativewriters of American Protestant ethics. His theses are genuinecontributions to contemporary Christian ethics in their ownright and invite careful examination. As the author himself says, “Ihave tried to write a critical conversation between Christian thinkerswho differ in many things but share a common, very complex legacy.The conversation moves theological ethics forward, as doesNiebuhr’s recommended communal, situated wrestling with theissue of Christ and culture” (p. 220).The book offers an excellent presentation of Niebuhr’s thoughtand a careful analysis of some of the most important themes ofAmerican Protestant ethics. It demonstrates the major strengths andweaknesses of each of the authors considered and points to Niebuhr’sconsiderable influence on twentieth- and twenty-first-centuryAmerican thought. This reviewer was especially impressed with theauthor’s examination of Hauerwas’s and John Howard Yoder’s criticismof Niebuhr’s seminal work, Christ and Culture (pp. 103-13). Hewas also impressed with the way the author used Hans Frei’s typologyof Christian theology to examine Niebuhr’s approach to theology(pp. 143-48) and with his use of Tanner to point out possible weaknessesin Ramsey, Hauerwas, and Gustafson (pp. 184-200). The bookwould have been helped by a brief biographical and bibliographicalessay on Niebuhr’s work, especially since, as the author himselfpoints out, he lived most of his life in the shadow of his older brother,Reinhold (p. 15). It also would have benefited by more emphasison the major formative influences on Niebuhr himself and on theway his own thinking developed during his thirty-one years tenure atYale.DENNIS J. BILLY, C.SS.R.

510 REVIEWS / RECENSIONESChapters three and four focus on Ramsey. Chapter three, “LoveJustice, and the Whole Idea of God” (pp. 33-50), shows that, forRamsey, “…the Christian moral life could not be understood apartfrom the divine activities of creation, preservation, and redemption”(p. 47). Chapter four, “Political and Medical Ethics” (pp. 51-71),demonstrates that Ramsey “…sought to interpret H. RichardNiebuhr’s thought away from moral relativism, which makes noplace for objectivity valid norms, and toward ‘relational objectivism’”(p. 67). In each chapter, the author points Niebuhr’s influence onRamsey’s thought as he forged his own unique contribution toChristian ethics.Chapters five and six contrast Niebuhr’s thought with that ofHauerwas. Chapter five, “Keeping Faith in Good Company” (pp. 72-94), shows how Hauerwas takes up the legacy of Niebuhr, especiallyin the way he stresses Christian community life and practices, andhis need to situate this life within the social context of the world (p.90). Chapter six, “Politics, Creation, and conversion” (pp. 95-118)points out some of Hauerwas’s sharp criticisms of Niebuhr’s conversionismand his preference for the “Christ transformer of culture”typos for the relationship between Christianity and the world.Chapters seven and eight look at Neibuhr’s thought in relation toGustafson. Chapter seven, “God Will Be God” (pp. 119-42), points outa number of resemblances between the two thinkers. Of all the fourwriters being compared with Niebuhr, Gustafson was the most closelyassociated with him. Like Niebuhr, he avoids theological one-sidedness,acknowledges the storied character of Christian life, insiststhat theology take scientific inquiry seriously, and resistsChristocentric theologies that attribute “ultimate status” to Jesus(pp. 137-38). Chapter eight, “Questions for Theocentric Ethics” (pp.143-63) identifies a significant difference in their respectiveapproaches to the confessional task of theology, i.e., Gustafson’s“…definite emphasis on the social and psychological over against theobjective (p. 149).Chapter nine and ten examine Neibuhr’s legacy through the eyesof Tanner. Chapter nine, “Transcendence, Culture, and Ethics” (pp.164-82), shows Tanner’s critical development of a number ofNeibuhr’s deepest convictions. These include: “the transcendenceand sovereignty of God, the relation between Creator and creation,Jesus as the manifestation of God’s total graciousness, the socialdimension of human existence, the equality of human creatures, and

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