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2011 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelo 

gamWvirvaloba da angariSvaldebuleba moqmedebaSi 

saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba 


Tbilisi, 2011 

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saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba

2011 

saqarTvelos 

erovnuli antikorufciuli 

sistemis Sefaseba 

3 

2011 


Tbilisi, 2011

mTavari mkvlevari 

erekle uruSaZe 


proeqtis xelmZRvaneli, redaqtori da teqstis nawilis avtori 

keitlin raiani 


revizia da xarisxis kontroli 

doqtori fin hainrixi 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

doqtori siuzan mulkahi 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

madliereba 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos surs gamoxatos madliereba qvemoT 

CamoTvlili pirebis mimarT, romlebmac gulisyuriT waikiTxes naSromi da 

mogvawodes komentarebi, an raime sxva wvlili Seitanes kvlevaSi: 

doqtori juli jorji, quinz koleji, niu-iorki 

vaxtang leJava, saqarTvelos premier-ministris mrCeveli 

Tamuna qarosaniZe, gamgeobis wevri, saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo 

Tamar CugoSvili, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia 

katarina bolonieze, evropis sabWo 

sabrina biuhleri, evropis sabWo 

doqtori oliver raizneri, damoukidebeli mecnieri da kavkasiis eqsperti 

matias huteri, saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo 

mariam xotenaSvili, saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo 

es kvleva dafinansda gaerTianebuli samefos saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis 

departamentis mmarTvelobisa da gamWvirvalobis fondis mier. 

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2011 

I. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefasebis Sesaxeb 7 

II. mimoxilva 15 

III. informacia qveynis Sesaxeb: erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

safuZvlebi 21 

IV. zogadi mdgomareoba korufciis mxriv 26 

V. antikorufciuli politika 28 

VI. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistema 33 

1. sakanonmdeblo organo 33 

2. aRmasrulebeli Sto 54 

3. sasamarTlo xelisufleba 69 

4. sajaro samsaxuri 85 

5. samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 106 

6. saarCevno administracia 119 

7. saxalxo damcveli 132 

8. kontrolis palata 143 

9. politikuri partiebi 156 

10. samoqalaqo sazogadoeba 169 

11. media 183 

12. biznesi 202 

VII. daskvnebi 218 

VIII. rekomendaciebi 227 

danarTi I: erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis qulebi 234 

danarTi II: praqtikuli testebi 235 

danarTi III: dainteresebul mxareTa sakonsultacio seminari 242 

5 

sarCevi

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erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvleva gulisxmobs mmarTvelobis 

ZiriTadi institutebis Sefasebas, romelTac qveyanaSi keTilsindisieri 

mmarTvelobis ganmtkiceba da korufciis aRkveTa evalebaT. 

gamarTuli erovnuli antikorufciuli sistema korufciis aRmkveTi 

meqanizmia, romelic xels uwyobs brZolas Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis, 

samoxeleo danaSaulisa da fuladi saxsrebis yvela saxis ukanono 

xarjvis winaaRmdeg. korufcia safrTxes uqmnis efeqtur mmarTvelobas, 

kanonis uzenaesobasa da adamianis fundamenturi uflebebis dacvas. is 

resursebis araswor gamoyenebasa da TaRliTobas iwvevs, zians ayenebs ker- 

Zo seqtors da xels uSlis finansuri bazrebis normalur funqcionirebas. 

meores mxriv, korufciis warmoqmnis SesaZleblobebi mcirdeba, rodesac 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis institutebi Sesabamisi normebis mixedviT 

funqcionireben da maTi angariSvaldebuleba uzrunvelyofilia, 

rac aseve xels uwyobs Tanabari zrdis, mdgradi ganviTarebisa da socialuri 

erTianobis miznebis miRwevas. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

gaZliereba xels uwyobs mmarTvelobis gaumjobesebas sazogadoebrivi 

cxovrebis yvela sferoSi da, saboloo jamSi, ufro samarTliani sazogadoebis 

Seqmnas. 

2011 

I. 


sistemis kvlevis Sesaxeb 

7

1 zogierT qveyanaSi erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba me-13 

sayrden instituts _ antikorufciul 

uwyebasac moicavs, Tumca, vinaidan 

saqarTveloSi arsebul korufciis 

winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyebaTaSoris 

sakoordinacio sabWos specialuri 

resursebi ar gaaCnia da arc Sesabamisi 

sakanonmdeblo baza arsebobs, romelic mas 

korufciis winaaRmdeg aqtiuri brZolis 

SesaZleblobas miscemda, kvlevaSi es 

uwyeba calke Sefasebuli ar aris. sabWos 

muSaoba da struqtura aRwerilia TavSi, 

romelic korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolas 

exeba. 

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saqarTveloSi am kvlevis Catareba miznad isaxavda faqtobrivi masalis 

Segrovebas qveynis mmarTvelobis sistemis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb da sxvadasxva 

seqtorebis warmatebulobis Sefasebas samarTliani da demokratiuli 

mmarTvelobis mxardaWeris kuTxiT. analizi im konkretul sferoebs 

warmoaCens, romlebic reformirebas saWiroebs da safuZveli SeiZleba gaxdes 

Semdgomi faqtobrivi kvlevisa da advokatirebisaTvis. winamdebare 

analizi aseve SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes rogorc sazomi instrumenti, 

romliTac droTa ganmavlobaSi miRweuli winsvlis Sefaseba da sxvadasxva 

institutebis warmatebulobis erTmaneTTan Sedareba moxdeba. 

saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis angariSi 12 „sayrden 

instituts“ moicavs: 1 

mmarTvelobis sajaro arasamTavrobo 

ZiriTadi institutebi seqtori institutebi 

1. sakanonmdeblo 4. sajaro 9. media 

organo samsaxuri 10. samoqalaqo 

2. aRmasrulebeli 5. samarTaldamcavi sazogadoeba 

Sto uwyebebi 11. politikuri 

3. sasamarTlo 6. saarCevno partiebi 

xelisufleba administracia 12. biznesi 

7. saxalxo damcveli 

8. umaRlesi auditoruli 

dawesebuleba 

am 12 institutidan TiToeuli Sefasebulia sami ganzomilebis mixedviT, 

romlebsac korufciis aRkveTis mxriv arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs. pirvel 

rigSi, Sefasebulia sayrdeni institutis SesaZleblobebi misi resursebisa 

da damoukideblobis kuTxiT, rac nebismieri dawesebulebis warmatebuli 

funqcionirebis safuZvelia. amasTan erTad, Sefasebulia sayrdeni institutis 

Sida marTvis normebi da praqtika. aq aqcenti keTdeba imaze, Tu 

ramdenad gamWvirvale da angariSvaldebulia sayrdeni instituti da ramdenad 

keTilsindisierad moqmedebs is, rasac arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs 

mocemul institutSi korufciis prevenciis mxriv. mesame ganzomilebad 

ganixileba is, Tu ramdenad kargad asrulebs sayrdeni instituti Tavis 

rols erovnul antikorufciul sistemaSi, rogoricaa mTavrobaze qmediTi 

zedamxedveloba (sakanonmdeblo organos SemTxvevaSi) an korufciul dana- 

Saulebze sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis ganxorcieleba (samarTaldamcavi 

uwyebebis SemTxvevaSi). erTad, es sami ganzomileba moicavs sayrdeni institutis 

moqmedebis unars (SesaZleblobebi), Sida efeqtianobas (marTva) 

da gare efeqtianobas (roli) korufciasTan brZolis kuTxiT. 

TiToeuli ganzomileba saerTo maCveneblebiT fasdeba. Sefasebulia rogorc 

TiToeuli sayrdeni institutis maregulirebeli sakanonmdeblo 

baza, ise misi instituciuri praqtika, rac SesaZleblobas gvaZlevs davinaxoT 

gansxvaveba kanonis debulebebsa da arsebul realobas Soris. imisTvis, 

rom mxedvelobaSi iqnes miRebuli mniSvnelovani konteqstualuri faqtorebi, 

Sefasebas Tan axlavs im saerTo politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri 

da kulturuli pirobebis mokle analizi, romlebSic es institutebi funqcionireben. 


ganzomileba maCveneblebi (kanoni, praqtika) 

SesaZleblobebi resursebi 

damoukidebloba 

Sida marTva gamWvirvaloba 

angariSvaldebuleba 

keTilsindisiereba 

roli mmarTvelobis erTi, ori an sami maCvenebeli, romlebic yoveli 

sistemaSi sayrdeni institutis SemTxvevaSi gansxvavebulia 

kvlevis mizans TiTouli sayrdeni institutis siRrmiseuli Sefaseba ar 

warmoadgens. kvlevis mizania, moicvas mTliani sistema da am mizniT yvela 

Sesabamisi sayrdeni instituti Sefasebulia maCveneblebis farTo speqtris 

mixedviT. kvlevaSi aseve ganxilulia sxvadasxva institutebs Soris arsebuli 

urTierTobebi, rac aadvilebs imis gagebas, Tu ratom aris zogierTi 

maTgani sxvebze ufro Zlieri. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis koncefcia 

gulisxmobs, rom erTi institutis sisustem SeiZleba seriozuli xarvezebi 

gamoiwvios mTel sistemaSi. sayrden institutebs Soris arsebuli 

urTierTobebis gageba aseve aadvilebs prioritetuli sferoebis gansaz- 

Rvras reformisTvis. 

meTodologia 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba Tvisebrivi kvlevis instrumentia, 

romelic samagido kvlevis, interviuebisa da praqtikuli testebis 

erTobliobas efuZneba. gare ganxilvis saboloo procesi da ZiriTad aqtorebTan 

TanamSromloba imis garantias iZleva, rom kvlevis Sedegebis aqtualuroba 

da sizuste maqsimalurad iqnes uzrunvelyofili maT gamoqveynebamde. 

Sefaseba xdeba maCveneblebis qulebis gamosaTvleli cxrilebis meSveobiT, 

romlebic „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ samdivnom 2008 wels, erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis meTodologiaSi cvlilebebis Setanisas 

SeimuSava. am cxrilebSi TiToeuli maCveneblisaTvis mocemulia qulis ganmsazRvreli 

kiTxva, rasac Tan erTvis damatebiTi damxmare kiTxvebi da qulebis 

miniWebis kriteriumebi. magaliTad: 

maCveneblis qulebis gamosaTvleli cxrilis nimuSi: sasamarTlo xelisufleba 

SesaZleblobebi – resursebi (praqtika) 

Sesafasebeli ramdenad aris sasamarTlo xelisufleba uzrunvelyofili 

kiTxva praqtikaSi warmatebuli saqmianobisTvis saWiro finansuri 

resursebiT, personaliTa da infrastruqturiT? 

damxmare sakmarisia Tu ara sasamarTlo xelisuflebis biujeti misi 

kiTxvebi movaleobebis Sesasruleblad? rogor nawildeba sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebis biujeti? vin anawilebs mas? gamoeyofa Tu ara 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebas saxelmwifos saerTo biujetis 

minimaluri procentuli odenoba? rogor ganisazRvreba 

xelfasebis odenoba praqtikaSi (zemdgomi mosamarTleebis mier, 

2011 9 

I. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

kvlevis Sesaxeb

10 

konstituciiT, kanoniT)? saTanadoa Tu ara mosamarTleebisa 

da prokurorebis xelfasebis odenoba da xom ar aris is 

imdenad dabali, rom korufciaSi Cabmis mZlavr ekonomikur 

stimuls iZleodes? Seesabameba Tu ara mosamarTleebis 

xelfasebis odenoba advokatebis Sromis anazRaurebas? 

zogadad, hyavT Tu ara mosamarTleebs saTanado raodenobis 

TanaSemweebi da aqvT Tu ara saTanado raodenobis sabiblioTeko 

resursebi da Tanamedrove kompiuteruli aRWurviloba? 

uzrunvelyofilia Tu ara adamianuri resursebis stabiluroba? 

aqvT Tu ara sasamarTloebis TanamSromlebs momzadebis gavlis 

SesaZlebloba? utardebaT Tu ara mosamarTleebs sakmarisi 

momzadeba kanonebis codnaSi da iseT unarebsa da sakiTxebSi, 

rogorebicaa sasamarTlosa da saqmeebis marTva, ganaCenebis 

wera da interesTa SeuTavsebloba? 

minimaluri sasamarTlo xelisuflebis amJamindeli finansuri, adamianuri 

qula (0) da infrastruqturuli resursebi minimaluria da sruliad ar 

aris sakmarisi misi warmatebuli funqcionirebisTvis. 

saSualo sasamarTlo xelisuflebas garkveuli resursebi aqvs, magram 

qula (50) Tavis movaleobebs garkveulwilad araefeqturad asrulebs 

resursebis saeriozuli naklebobis gamo. 

maqsimaluri sasamarTlo xelisuflebas saTanado resursebi aqvs Tavisi 

qula (100) movaleobebis efeqturad Sesasruleblad. 

TiToeuli maCveneblis damxmare kiTxvebi SemuSavebul iqna mowinave saer- 

TaSoriso praqtikis, Sesabamisi sayrdeni institutis Sefasebis arsebuli 

instrumentebisa da Tavad „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ gamocdilebis 

analizis safuZvelze. aseve gaTvaliswinebul iqna saerTaSoriso eqspertebis 

mosazrebebi. mkvlevari ZiriTadad maCveneblis qulebis gamosaTvlel 

cxrilebs eyrdnoboda, magram saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi „saerTaSoriso gam- 

Wvirvaloba“ mas damatebiT informacias awvdida an nebas aZlevda, zogier- 

Ti kiTxva upasuxod daetovebina, radgan saqarTvelos konteqsts yvela 

kiTxva ar Seesabameba. sruli saxelmZRvanelo da indikatorebis cxrilebi 

ganTavsebulia „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ veb-gverdze 

(www.transparency.ge). 

damxmare kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad wamyvani mkvlevari informaciis sam 

wyaros – qveynis kanonmdeblobas, meorad angariSebsa da kvlevas da Sesabamisi 

sferoebis eqspertebisgan aRebul interviuebs eyrdnoboda. meoradi 

wyaroebi moicavda adgilobrivi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebisa 

da avtoritetuli saerTaSoriso organizaciebis angariSebs. 

TiToeuli sayrdeni institutis Sefasebisas, mkvlevari minimum or eqsperts 

gaesaubra, romelTagan erTi Sesafasebeli institutis warmomadgeneli iyo, 

meore ki – Sesabamisi sferos damoukidebeli eqsperti. zog SemTxvevaSi, damoukidebeli 

eqspertebis moZebna ubralod ar moxerxda. aseve iyo SemTxvevebi, 

rodesac yvelaze ukeT informirebuli eqspertebi saerTaSoriso organizaciebSi 

muSaobdnen da sakuTari mosazrebebis sajarod dafiqsireba ar surdaT. 

zogjer, aRniSnuli eqspertebi sayrdeni institutis saqmianobis mxolod garkveul 

aspeqtebze saubrobdnen (rogoricaa saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxor- 


cielebis funqcia sajaro samsaxuris SemTxvevaSi). amasTan erTad, zogierTi 

institutis Sesaxeb arsebuli meoradi kvlevebis ricxvi Zalze mcire iyo. es 

gansakuTrebiT kontrolis palatasa da parlaments exeba. am or SemTxvevaSi, 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba Sesabamis sferoebSi Catarebuli 

pirveladi kvlevis erT-erTi pirveli nimuSia. 

imisTvis, rom maqsimalurad kargad yofiliyo warmoCenili informaciis 

wyaroebi, romlebsac kvlevis daskvnebi da qulebi emyareba, wyaroebis sruli 

aRwera sqolios saxiT aris warmodgenili da ara bibliografiis saxiT 

naSromis boloSi. 

amasTan erTad, 2010 wlis gazafxulze mTeli rigi praqtikuli testebi 

Catarda, raTa Sefasebuliyo sajaro uwyebebis reagireba sajaro informaciis 

moTxovnis ganacxadebze. sxva wyaroebTan erTad, praqtikuli testebis 

Sedegebi gamoyenebulia, rogorc faqtobrivi masala yvela saxelmwifo 

intitutis praqtikuli gamWvirvalobis maCveneblis Sesafaseblad. praqtikuli 

testebis sruli meTodologia da Sedegebi danarTSia mocemuli. 

kvlevaSi gamoyenebulia bolo 2-3 wlis informacia da warmodgenilia qveyanaSi 

arsebuli antikorufciuli dawesebulebebis amJamindeli mdgomareoba. 

masSi asaxulia yvela is mniSvnelovani sakanonmdeblo cvlileba, 

romelic 2011 wlis ivnisamde ganxorcielda. 

2011 

qulebis miniWebis sistema 

miuxedavad imisa, rom erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvleva xarisxobriv 

meTodebs emyareba, sistemis Sefasebisas qulebic gamoiyeneba, rac 

makro-xedvis Camoyalibebas, institutebs Soris arsebuli urTierTkavSiris 

aRqmasa da antikorufciuli sistemis susti da Zlieri mxareebis warmoCenas 

isaxavs miznad. angariSi zomiT imdenad didia, rom SesaZloa, misi 

erTianad aRqma rTuli aRmoCndes, xolo qulebis gamoyeneba saSualebas 

iZleva, rom mTlianobaSi iqnes aRqmuli Tormetive sayrdeni instituti, 

romelTagan TiToeuli 12 an meti maCveneblis mixedviT aris Sefasebuli. 

qulebi mkiTxvels saSualebas aZlevs, rom yuradReba mxolod calkeul 

detalebze ki ar gaamaxvilos, aramed mTlianobaSi ganixilos sistema. 

qulebis miniWeba 100-baliani skaliTm, 25-quliani intervalebiT (0, 25, 50, 

75, 100) xdeba. maCveneblebis qulebi gasaSualoebulia ganzomilebis doneze. 

sami ganzomilebis qulebic aseve gasaSualoebulia, ris Sedegadac 

saerTo qula miiReba. aseve SesaZlebelia, gamoiTvalos gansxvaveba praqtikisa 

da kanonis nawilebs Soris rogorc calkeuli maCveneblis, ise calkeuli 

sayrdeni institutis SemTxvevaSi. qulebi sxvadasxva qveynis Sedegebis 

erTmaneTTan Sesadareblad an sxva raodenobrivi Sedarebis mosaxdenad 

ar gamodgeba, radgan sxvadasxva qveyanaSi, sadac erovnuli antikorufciuli 

sistemis kvlevis meTodologia gamoiyeneba, monacemebis wyaroebi 

gansxvavdeba da ar arsebobs saerTaSoriso sarevizio sabWo, 

romelic qulebis SedarebiTobas uzrunvelyofda. 

11 


kvlevis Sesaxeb

12 

sakonsultacio midgoma da Sedegebis dadastureba 

TiToeuli institutis Sesaxeb momzadebulma Tavma mTeli rigi Sida da 

gare ganxilvebi gaiara. „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ufrosi 

analitikosebis gundma masalebis pirveladi versiebi ganixila da 

mTavari mkvlevaris mier miniWebul winaswar qulebs an daeTanxma, an maTSi 

cvlilebebi Seitana. zogierTi Tavi gare eqspertebsac gaegzavnaT damatebiTi 

ganxilvisTvis. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis procesi farTo sakonsultacio 

komponentsac Seicavda, rac miznad isaxavda xelisuflebis, samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis da sxva Sesabamisi seqtorebis warmomadgeneli, korufciis 

winaaRmdeg mebrZoli ZiriTadi aqtorebis CarTvas kvlevis procesSi. 

am midgomas ori mizani hqonda: faqtobrivi masalis Segroveba da dainteresebuli 

mxareebis farTo speqtris mozidva reformis iniciativebisTvis 

saWiro impulsis, politikuri nebisa da samoqalaqo moTxovnis Sesaqmnelad. 

sakonsultacio midgoma or mTavar komponents Seicavda: maRali donis 

mrCevelTa jgufsa da dainteresebul mxareTa erovnul seminars. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis mrCevelTa jgufi 

katarina bolonieze 

sabrina biuhleri 

evropis sabWo 

Tamar CugoSvili „saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia“ 

nino danelia saqarTvelos sazogadoebriv saqmeTa instituti 

xaTuna gogoriSvili parlamentis wevri 

xaTuna xviCia aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagento 

vaxtang leJava premier–ministris aparati 

levan ramiSvili „Tavisuflebis instituti“ 

oliver raizneri istorikosi da eqsperti kavkasiis sakiTxebSi 

daviT usufaSvili „respublikuri partia“ 

SoTa utiaSvili Sinagan saqmeTa saministro 

mrCevelTa jgufis wevrebi orjer Seikribnen (2010 wlis 23 ivniss da 2011 

wlis 13 aprils). meore Sexvedra mTlianad institutebis kvlevis Sedegebisa 

da maCveneblebis qulebis ganxilvas mieZRvna. marTalia mrCevelTa 

jgufis mxolod orma wevrma SeZlo im Sexvedraze daswreba, romelzec 

qulebis dadasturebis sakiTxi iqna ganxiluli, magram „saerTaSoriso gam- 

Wvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ mkvlevarTa gundma sxva wevrebisgan rekomendaciebi 

individualurad miiRo da es rCevebi, zog SemTxvevebSi, sakmaod 

vrceli iyo. qulebma da kvlevis teqstma mTeli rigi cvlilebebi ganicada 

am Sexvedrebis Sedegad, Tumca qulebis Sesaxeb saboloo gadawyvetilebebs 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ iRebda. 

2011 wlis 30 maiss, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ kvlevis 

meTodologia da winawari Sedegebi dainteresebul mxareTa erovnul seminarze 

waradgina. seminaris monawileebisTvis angariSi winaswar iyo xelmisawvdomi 

da RonisZiebas sazogadoebisa da ZiriTadi samTavrobo dawesebulebebis 

bevri warmomadgeneli daeswro. seminaris meore nawilSi, romelic 


samuSao jgufebs daeTmo, monawileebma sakuTari mosazrebebi warmoadgines 

angariSis TiToeuli Tavis Sesaxeb da saerTo qulebic ganixiles. samuSao 

jgufebis Sexvedramac damswreTa didi interesi gamoiwvia. 

seminarma didi interesi gamoiwvia kvlevis, misi Sedegebisa da, gansakuTrebiT, 

mTeli rigi saxelmwifo institutebisTvis miniWebuli qulebis mimarT. 

monawileebs eTxovaT, rom momdevno erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi werilobiTi 

rekomendaciebi waredginaT. „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ 

momdevno erTi Tve am informaciis, agreTve sxva Sesabamis institutebTan 

gamarTuli Sexvedrebidan miRebuli informaciis, angariSSi inkorporirebas 

moandoma. seminarsa da Semdgom Sexvedrebs damatebiTi cvlilebebi 

mohyva angariSis teqstsa da qulebSi. 

dabolos, angariSis sruli teqsti „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ samdivnom 

ganixila da moiwona, xolo gare akademiurma recenzentma vrceli komentarebi 

da rekomendaciebi mogvawoda. 

2011 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis koncefciis 

warmoSoba da istoria 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis (National Integrity System) koncefcia 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ moZraobis farglebSi warmoiSva 1990-ian 

wlebSi, rogorc ZiriTadi konceptualuri instrumenti imis dasadgenad, 

Tu ra aris korufciasTan brZolisa da misi prevenciis saukeTeso gza. 

„keTilsindisierebaze“ (integrity) aqcentireba gulisxmobda pozitiur 

gzavnils, rom korufciis damarcxeba realurad SesaZlebelia, Tu sajaro 

cxovrebis yvela sferoSi keTilsindisiereba damkvidrdeba. erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis koncefcia pirvelad „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ 

masalebis krebulSi gamoCnda 1997 wels da erTian analitikur 

uyrida Tavs im aqtorebsa da institutebs, romlebic sakvanZo rols asruleben 

korufciasTan brZolaSi. es analitikuri CarCo „erovnul antikorufciul 

sistemad“ iqna moxseniebuli. koncefciis praqtikaSi ganxorcielebis 

mizniT masalebis krebulSi gamoTqmuli iyo „erovnuli antikorufciuli 

seminarebis“ gamarTvis winadadeba . 

2000-iani wlebis pirvel naxevarSi „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobam“ SeimuSava 

kvlevis sabaziso meTodologia, romelic msoflios sxvadasxva 

qveyanaSi erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemebis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebis 

analizis saSualebas iZleoda. 2008 wels organizaciam Zireuli cvlilebebi 

Seitana kvlevis meTodologiaSi da mas ori sakvanZo elementi – qulebis 

miniWebis sistema da konsultaciis procesi daumata. es ukanaskneli 

gulisxmobs mrCevelTa jgufis Seqmnasa da erovnuli antikorufciuli seminaris 

gamarTvas, romelic Tavdapirveli koncefciis nawilic iyo. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis midgomis konceptualuri 

safuZvlebi „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ saxelmZRvanelodan 

momdinareobs, isini aseve mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli vrcel da 

13 


kvlevis Sesaxeb

2 Rose-Ackerman, Susan, Corruption and 

Government: Causes, Consequences, and 

Reform, Cambridge: Cambridge University 

Press, 1999. 

3 OECD, Public Sector Integrity: A Framework 

for Assessment, 2005. 

4 Head, Brain W., AJ.. Brown, Carmel Connors 

(Eds.), Promoting Integrity: Evaluating and 

Improving Public Institutions, Ashgate, 2008. 

5 Anechiarico, Frank, Leo Huberts and 

Frederique Six (Eds.), Local Integrity Systems: 

World Cities Fighting Corruption and 

Safeguarding Integrity, Den Haag: BJu Legal 

Publishers, 2008. 

14 

mzardi raodenobis akademiur da politikur literaturasTan, romelic 

instituciur antikorufciul Teoriasa da praqtikas Seexeba (mag. rouzakermani 

1999, 2 euTo 2005, 3 hedi da sxvebi 2008, 4 hubertsi da sxvebi 2008 5 ). 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvleva „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ 

im kvleviTi instrumentebis krebulis ganuyofeli nawilia, romlebic 

korufciis donis gasazomad da antikorufciuli RoniZiebebis Sesafaseblad 

gamoiyeneba. kvleva saSualebas iZleva, ganxorcieldes mmarTvelobis 

ZiriTadi institutebis siRrmiseuli da konkretul qveyanaze fokusirebuli 

Sefaseba. kvlevis mTavari mizania, rom Seiqmnas faqtobrivi masalebis 

baza qveyanaSi advokatirebis gansaxorcieleblad, romelic antikorufciuli 

meqanizmebisa da maTi saqmianobis gaumjobesebaze iqneba orientirebuli. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevasTan erTad, „saerTa- 

Soriso gamWvirvalobas“ sxva instrumentebic aqvs, romlebic ufro korufciisa 

da misi Sedegebis Sesaxeb globaluri reitingebis Sedgenis (mag. „korufciis 

aRqmis indeqsi“ da „qrTamis gadamxdelTa indeqsi“) an sazogadoebis 

mosazrebebisa da gamocdilebis („globaluri korufciis barometri“) asaxvis 

gziT sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis amaRlebas isaxavs miznad. amasTan 

erTad, erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvleva avsebs mmarTvelobis 

saerTaSoriso kvlevebis sferoSi arsebul naprals, radgan es kvlevebi 

ZiriTadad qveynebis SedarebiT reitingebs (mag. „globaluri keTilsindisierebis 

indeqsi,“ „bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsi“), donorebis mier 

dakveTil kvlevebs (romlebic iSviTad xdeba sajaro) an calkeul qveynebSi 

ganxorcielebul konkretuli SemTxvevebis kvlevebs moicavs. am napralis 

Sevseba imaSi gamoixateba, rom mocemuli kvleva antikorufciuli sistemis 

siRrmiseul da sistemur Sefasebas gvTavazobs, romelic konsultaciebze 

dafuZnebul da mraval dainteresebul mxareze orientirebul midgomas 

emyareba. erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevas unikalur proeqtad 

aqcevs im garemoebaTa erToblioba, rom kvleva damoukidebeli adgilobrivi 

samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciis mier tardeba, moicavs konsultaciebs 

qveyanaSi arsebul yvela Sesabamis dainteresebul mxaresTan 

da integrirebulia globaluri proeqtis struqturaSi (romelic efeqtian 

teqnikur daxmarebasa da xarisxis kontrols uzrunvelyofs). 

2005-2006 wlebSi saqarTveloSi erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

kvleva ganxorcileda, romelsac koordinirebas uwevda fondi „Ria sazogadoeba 

saqarTvelo“ da romlis angariSic 2007 wels gamoqveynda. mTel 

rig sxva mkvlevarebTan da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebTan er- 

Tad, 2007 wlis kvlevaSi Tavisi wvlili „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelomac“ Seitana. winamdebare angariSis kvleva 2009 wlis seqtemberSi 

daiwyo da „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ erT-erTi 

pirveli organizaciaa, romelmac kvleva ganaxlebuli meTodologis mixedviT 

ganaxorciela. dRemde msoflioSi axali meTodologiiT Catarebuli 

mxolod xuTi aseTi angariSia gamoqveynebuli, xolo kidev ocdaaTis dasruleba 

momavali wlis ganmavlobaSi igegmeba. maT Sesaxeb informacia SegiZliaT 

Semdeg bmulze ixiloT: http://transparency.org/policy_research/nis/ 


saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistema aRmasrulebeli Stos 

dominirebiTa da sistemis sxva ZiriTadi institutebis SedarebiTi sisustiT 

xasiaTdeba. 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

SeniSvna: grafaSi warmodgenili saboloo qulebi asaxavs sayrdeni institutebis saerTo 

efeqtianobas da efuZneba sami ganzomilebis – SesaZleblobebis (resursebi, damoukidebloba), 

marTvis (gamWvirvaloba, angariSvaldebuleba, keTilsindisiereba) da 

rolis (romelic gansxvavebulia sxvadasxva institutis mixedviT) – saSualo qulas. 

aRmasrulebeli Sto da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi, sxva sayrden institutebze 

gacilebiT Zlierebi arian, gansakuTrebiT maTi SesaZleblobebisa 

da korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi maTi rolis TvalsazrisiT. Sida mar- 

Tvis maCveneblebis mixedviT (gamWvirvaloba, angariSvaldebuleba da ke- 

Tilsindisiereba), maT saSualo poziciebi uWiravT. miuxedavad imisa, rom 

nebismieri institutis siZliere dadebiTi niSania, gansakuTrebuli yurad- 

Rebas iqcevs sxva sayrdeni institutebis SedarebiTi sisuste. sakanonmdeblo 

organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis naklovanebebi, romlebic maT 

2011 

54.2 

parlamenti 

69.4 

aRmasrulebeli Sto 

sasamarTlo 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis institutebi 

43.8 

50.0 

sajaro samsaxuri 

68.1 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

47.2 

saarCevno administracia 

saxalxo damcveli 

63.9 62.8 

kontrolis palata 

politikuri partiebi 

15 

II. 

mimoxilva 

47.9 

40.3 

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba 

45.8 

media 

50.7 

biznesi

16 

damoukideblobas da aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis unars ukav- 

Sirdeba, imaze miuTiTebs, rom urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis sistemaSi 

mniSvnelovani problemebi arsebobs. es gansakuTrebiT SemaSfoTebelia 

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom arasaxelmwifo institutebi, romlebic makontrolebel 

funqcias unda asrulebdnen (media, politikuri partiebi da 

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba) saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

yvelaze sust rgolebs Soris arian. Sedegad, kvlavac seriozul problemad 

rCeba Tanamdebobrivi Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. 

antikorufciuli politikis mokle istoria 

mTavrobam, romelic qveynis saTaveSi 2003 wlis „vardebis revoluciis“ 

Semdeg movida, mTeli rigi reformebi gaatara, romlebic warmatebuli aRmoCnda 

im dros farTod gavrcelebul korufciasTan brZolis mxriv. samarTaldamcavi 

uwyebebis mier gatarebulma zomebma, mravali sajaro uwyebis 

dafinansebis gazrdam da biurokratiuli aparatis Semcirebam, mTlianobaSi, 

sajaro samsaxuris qveda rgolebSi korufciis TiTqmis sruli aRmofxvra 

ganapiroba. amis miuxedavad, aRmasrulebeli Stos umaRles safexurze 

Zalauflebis koncentracia da urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis 

sistemis sisuste mTavrobis mier Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis 

SesaZleblobebs qmnis da SeSfoTebas iwvevs kanonis uzenaesobis principis 

dacvis TvalsazrisiT. 

am Tavdapirveli reformebis Semdeg, xelisuflebis antikorufciuli politika 

sakanonmdeblo bazis mudmivi reformirebiT xasiaTdeboda. 2004 

wlidan moyolebuli, xelisuflebam miiRo an Secvala mTeli rigi antikorufciuli 

kanonebisa, maT Soris interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da Tanamdebobis 

pirTa qonebis deklarirebis maregulirebeli normebi. 2005-2010 

wlebSi miRebul iqna axali kanonebi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis, umaRlesi auditoruli 

dawesebulebisa da Sida auditis subieqtebis Sesaxeb. Tumca, 

bolo periodSi miRebuli es samarTlebrivi normebi praqtikaSi srulad 

jerac ar danergila, rac politikuri nebis naklebobiT an maTi aRsrulebis 

Zlieri meqanizmebis ararsebobiT aris gamowveuli. 

zemoxsenebuli Tavdapirveli antikorufciuli RonisZiebebi erTiani 

politikuri koncefciisa da specialuri antikorufciuli organos gareSe 

xorcieldeboda. pirveli antikorufciuli strategia 2005-2006 wlebSi 

SemuSavda. 2009 wlis bolos, prezidentma Seqmna korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWo da mas axali antikorufciuli 

strategiisa da samoqmedo gegmis Sedgena daavala (orive dokumenti 

2010 wels iqna miRebuli). 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis sayrdeni institutebi 

aRmasrulebeli Sto da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi saqarTvelos erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis yvelaze Zlieri institutebi arian. es organoebi 


esursebiT kargad arian uzrunvelyofilni da erovnul antikorufciul 

sistemaSi maTTvis gansazRvrul rolebs (maT Soris, sajaro seqtoris marTvas, 

antikorufciuli reformis ganxorcielebasa da korufciis faqtebze 

samarTlebrivi devnis warmoebas), zogadad, kargad asruleben. amis miuxedavad, 

sxva institutebis SedarebiTi sisustis gamo, praqtikaSi uzrunvelyofili 

ar aris am ori institutis angariSvaldebuleba. 

sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis sisusteebi gansakuTrebiT 

TvalSisacemia aRmasrulebel StosTan mimarTebaSi. saqarTvelos 

samTavrobo uwyebebis umravlesobis msgavsad, parlamenti da sasamar- 

Tlo biujetidan sakmaris dafinansebas iReben da mTeli rigi pozitiuri 

cvlilebebi ganaxorcieles rogorc kanonis, ise praqtikis TvalsazrisiT. 

amis miuxedavad, isini kvlav arasakmarisad damoukidebelni arian da aRmasrulebel 

Stoze zedamxedvelobis mniSvnelovani funqciis efeqtianad 

Sesruleba ar SeuZliaT. es asustebs urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis 

mTels meqanizms qveynis mmarvelobis sistemaSi. 

sajaro samsaxurma 2004 wlis Semdeg radikaluri reformireba ganicada, 

ris Sedegadac bevri saxelmwifo servisi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda, xolo 

qrTamis aRebis praqtika praqtikulad aRmoifxvra. amis miuxedavad, mTavrobam 

sajaro samsaxuris reformis saerTo strategiis SemuSaveba ver moaxerxa, 

ris gamoc kanonis bevri debuleba mTel seqtorSi erTnairad ar 

gamoiyeneba. zogierTma uwyebam STambeWdavi RobisZiebebi gaatara gamWvirvalobisa 

da angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofis mxriv, magram sxvebs 

aseTi nabijebi jer ar gadaudgamT. mTavroba prioritets aniWebs moqnilobas 

adamianuri resursebis marTvaSi da ara sajaro mosamsaxureTa damoukideblobas. 

amis Sedegad, samTavrobo uwyebebSi politikuri xelmZRvanelobis 

cvlas xSirad personalis mniSvnelovani gadaxaliseba mohyveba 

xolme, rac imgvari instituciuri kulturis Seqmnis stimulirebas axdens, 

sadac profesionalizmze metad erTguleba fasdeba. 

kontrolis palatam (umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba) mniSvnelovani 

pozitiuri cvlilebebi ganicada 2008 wlis Semdeg rogorc sakanonmdeblo 

bazis, ise praqtikis TvalsazrisiT. amis miuxedavad, kvlav arsebobs kiTxvebi 

imasTan dakavSirebiT, aqvs Tu ara palatas sakmarisi SesaZleblobebi 

yvela tipis auditis efeqtianad Casatareblad. 

saxalxo damcveli (ombudsmeni) Zlier da damoukidebel instituts xelmZRvanelobs, 

romelic adamianis uflebebis darRvevebs didwilad warmatebiT 

aRricxavs. amis miuxedavad, saxalxo damcveli garkveuli problemebis winaSe 

dgas resursebis xelmisawvdomobasTan dakavSirebiT, xolo sxva sam- 

Tavrobo uwyebebi mas gamoZiebis warmoebaSi yovelTvis ar exmarebian da 

mis rekomendaciebze yovelTvis ar reagireben. 

saqarTveloSi gamarTulad moqmedi mravalpartiuli sistema ar arsebobs. 

mmarTvelma partiam, „erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam“ bolo or saparlamento 

arCevnebSi didi umravlesobiT gaimarjva da amJamad sakanonmdeblo 

organoSi mandatebis daaxloebiT 80 procents akontrolebs. mmarTve- 

2011 

17 

II. mimoxilva

18 

li partia aseve akontrolebs centraluri da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis 

yvela sxva organos, sxva politikuri partiebi ki gadawyvetilebebis miRebis 

procesSi mniSvnelovan rols ar asruleben mmarTvelobis arc erT doneze. 

radganac qarTul partiebSi (maT Soris, mmarTvel partiaSi) gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebis demokratiuli procesi ar arsebobs, zemoxsenebuli 

viTareba gulisxmobs, rom TiTqmis mTeli politikuri Zalaufleba prezidentisa 

da misi gundis ramdenime ZiriTadi wevris xelSia koncentrirebuli. 

politikuri partiebis sisuste gamowveulia rogorc maTi Sida naklovanebebiT 

(rogoricaa farTo socialuri bazis Seqmnis an socialuri 

interesebis agregirebis uunaroba), ise konkurenciis Tanabari pirobebis 

ararsebobiT, gansakuTrebiT finansuri saxsrebisa da mediis xelmisawvdomobis 

mxriv. vinaidan mmarTveli partia da sajaro samsaxuri praqtikaSi 

erTmaneTisgan mkafiod gamijnuli ar aris, mmarTveli partia administraciuli 

resursebiT faqtobrivad SeuzRudavad sargeblobs arCevnebis dros. 

saarCevno administraciis muSaoba bolo wlebSi gaumjobesda, magram is 

saarCevno procesis zogi aspeqtis saTanadod marTvas jerac ver axerxebs. 

es aspeqtebia xmebis daTvla da Sejameba, aseve arCevnebTan dakavSirebuli 

saCivrebisa da gancxadebebis ganxilva. amave dros, saarCevno administracias 

ar gaaCnia saTanado uflebamosilebebi saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebis 

monitoringisa da regulirebis sferoSi. 

gare makontrolebeli institutebi – media da samoqalaqo sazogadoeba am- 

Jamad aseve arasaTanadod funqcionireben. resursebis nakleboba da qveyanaSi 

mmarTvelobis pluralisturi sistemis ararseboba asustebs samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis SesaZleblobebs xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofisa da politikis formulirebaSi monawileobis TvalsazrisiT. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis legitimurobas farTo socialuri bazis 

uqonlobac amcirebs (rac, Tavis mxriv, post-sabWoTa gamocdilebiTa da, 

zogadad, samoqalaqo CarTulobis dabali doniT aris gamowveuli). amave 

dros, ZiriTadi media-erTeulebis umetesoba saredaqcio damoukideblobis 

dabali xarisxiT xasiaTdeba da, Sesabamisad, politikuri sakiTxebis 

Sesaxeb sazogadoebis miukerZoeblad informirebis unari ar Seswevs. 

biznesi da samoqalaqo sazogadoeba iSviaTad TanamSromloben maTTvis saintereso 

sakiTxebTan (maT Soris, korufciasTan) dakavSirebiT. saqarTveloSi 

moqmedi biznes-organizaciebi Zalze xelsayreli sakanonmdeblo bazis 

pirobebSi funqcionireben, magram, saTanado dacviT ver sargebloben praqtikaSi 

damoukidebeli sasamarTlos ararsebobisa da sagadasaxado organoebis 

simkacris gamo. maT arc raime mniSvnelovani RonisZiebebi ganuxorcielebiaT 

keTilsindisierebis dacvis kuTxiT. 

mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebi kanonsa da praqtikas Soris, zogadad, saqarTvelos 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis gamorCeuli niSania. winamdebare 

kvlevaSi, yvela sayrdenma institutma ufro maRali qula miiRo kanonis 

nawilSi, vidre praqtikis mxriv. institutebis umravlesobis SemTxvevaSi 

es gansxvaveba Zalze mniSvnelovani iyo. es Seusabamoba gansakuTrebiT 

TvalSisacemia sajaro dawesebulebebis damoukideblobis maCvenebelSi. 


saxelmwifo institutebis umravlesobam am maCveneblis mixedviT maRali 

qula miiRo kanonis nawilSi, magram TiTqmis yvela maTgans 50 qula an naklebi 

mieniWa praqtikis mxriv. kvlevam aseve aCvena, rom saqarTvelos Zalze 

progresuli kanonmdebloba aqvs politikuri partiebis, mediisa da biznesis 

sferoSi, magram es kanonebi yovelTvis warmatebiT ar sruldeba. 

erovnul antikorufciul sistemaSi maTTvis gankuTvnil rolebs amJamad 

saTanadod mxolod aRmasrulebeli Sto da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi asruleben. 

yvela sxva saxelmwifo institutma misTvis gansazRvruli rolis SesrulebaSi 

50 qula an naklebi miiRo, xolo yvela arasaxelmwifo instituts am 

ganzomilebaSi mxolod 25 qula mieniWa. rolis ganzomilebas gansakuTebuli 

mniSvneloba eniWeba, radgan is aCvenebs, Tu ramdenad kargad asruleben 

calkeuli institutebi TavianT funqcias erovnul antikorufciul sistemaSi. 

is faqti, rom saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 12 sayrdeni 

institutidan mxolod orma miiRo Tavisi rolis SesrulebaSi 50 qulaze meti, 

sistemaSi seriozuli naklovanebebis arsebobaze miuTiTebs. 

2011 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis safuZvlebi 

zogi sayrdeni institutis naklovanebebi saqarTvelos antikorufciuli 

sistemis socialur-politikur da socialur-ekonomikur safuZvlebs ukav- 

Sirdeba. 

magaliTad, saqarTvelos politikuri sistema eqskluziuria da masSi wamyvan 

rols elitebi asruleben. politikur klassa da farTo sazogadoebas 

Soris kavSiris sisuste politikuri partiebis gavlenas amcirebs da xels 

uwyobs mmarTvelobis struqturebSi pluralizmis naklebobas. samoqalaqo 

aqtiurobisa da procesebSi moqalaqeTa monawileobis dabali done aseve 

asustebs politikur partiebs da, amavdroulad, xels uSlis Zlieri da 

warmatebuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebas, romelsac xelisuflebis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofa SeeZleba. 

2004-2007 wlebis mniSvnelovani zrdis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos ekonomika 

kvlav sustia, siRaribisa da umuSevrobis maCveneblebi ki _ maRali. ekonomikis 

sisuste gavlenas axdens erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis mTel 

rig sayrden institutebze. magaliTad, is ganapirobebs mediis sareklamo 

bazris simcires. amis Sedegad, msxvili media-erTeulebi (telekompaniebi, 

romlebic qveynis mTel teritoriaze mauwyebloben) iZulebulni arian, 

politikurad motivirebuli finansuri ineqciebiT iarsebon, rac seriozul 

gavlenas axdens maT damoukideblobaze. ekonomikis sisuste aseve zRudavs 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da politikuri partiebis mier saxsrebis mozidvis 

SesaZleblobebs. 

rekomendaciebi 

2004 wlis Semdeg aRmasrulebel Stosa da samarTaldamcav uwyebebSi gatarebuli 

reformebis Sedegad, garkveuli tipis korufcia Semcirda an, SesaZ- 

19 

II. mimoxilva

20 

loa, sruliad aRmofxvra, magram mmarTvelobis mTel sistemaSi keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia sxva sayrdeni institutebis – 

upirvelesad, sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis _ gaZliereba. 

am miznis misaRwevad, aseve unda daiZlios arasaxelmwifo sayrdeni 

institutebis naklovanebebi. 

gamarTulad funqcionirebadi mravalpartiuli sistemis ararseboba saqarTvelos 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis erT-erTi ZiriTadi xarvezia. 

is amcirebs parlamentis damoukideblobas da, Sesabamisad, Zirs uTxris 

urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis sistemas. saWiroa iseTi cvlilebebis 

ganxorcieleba, romlebic ukeT uzrunvelyofs mmarTvelobis sxvadasxva 

institutSi gansxvavebuli politikuri da sazogadoebrivi interesebis 

warmodgenas. am mimarTulebiT, sawyis epatze, swori nabiji iqneboda 

saarCevno sistemis naklovanebebis aRmofxvra da Tanabari pirobebis uzrunvelyofa 

arCevnebis dros. 

Zalze mniSvnelovania imis uzrunvelyofa, rom arsebuli antikorufciuli 

kanonebi (maT Soris, is debulebebi, romlebic interesTa SeuTavseblobas, 

qonebis deklarirebas da a.S. exeba) praqtikaSi srulyofilad da Tanmimdevrulad 

iqnes gamoyenebuli da yvela mniSvnelovan sajaro uwyebasa da 

Tanamdebobis pirze gavrceldes. Sida auditis subieqtebi, romlebic sajaro 

uwyebebSi 2010 wels miRebuli kanonis safuZvelze Seiqmna, kanoniT 

valdebulni arian, rom zogierTi antikorufciuli debulebis praqtikaSi 

ganxorcieleba uzrunvelyon, magram gaurkvevelia, aqvT Tu ara maT amJamad 

amis unari da saTanado gavlena. xelisufleba unda ecados am institutebis 

gaZlierebas rogorc resursebis, ise damoukideblobis TvalsazrisiT. 


2011 

politikur-instituciuri safuZvlebi 

qula: 50 

III. 

informacia qveynis Sesaxeb: erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis safuZvlebi 

ramdenad uwyobs xels qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri institutebi 

efeqtiani erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis arsebobas? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba moqalaqeTa samoqalaqo da politikur uflebebs 

icavs da fundamenturi demokratiuli procesebis arsebobas iTvaliswinebs, 

magram es normebi praqtikaSi srulad da Tanmimdevrulad ar sruldeba. 

saqarTvelos konstitucia da sxva kanonebi saxelmwifo Tanamdebobebis 

ganawilebas Tavisufali konkurenciis pirobebSi iTvaliswinebs. amis miuxedavad, 

Tavisufali da samarTliani konkurencia yovelTvis uzrunvelyofili 

praqtikaSi ar aris (gansakuTrebiT arCevnebis periodSi), radgan, rogorc 

euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebebis dacvis 

ofisi“ (OSCE/ODIHR) da mTeli rigi adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso organizaciebi 

aRniSnaven, mmarTveli partia da saxelmwifo erTmaneTisgan sakmarisad 

makfiod gamijnuli ar aris, rac „araTanabar pirobebs qmnis.“ 1 mmar- 

Tveli partia sargeblobs eqskluziuri wvdomiT administraciul resursebze 

da privilegirebuli wvdomiT zogierT kerZo resursze (magaliTad, 

wamyvan kerZo mediaze da kerZo dafinansebaze). 2 

samoqalaqo uflebebi garantirebulia konstituciiTa da sxva kanonebiT, 

Tumca moqalaqeTa SesaZlebloba, aRidginon darRveuli uflebebi, zogjer 

izRudeba sasamarTlo xelisuflebis sisustisa da zogierTi samTavrobo 

institutis, gansakuTrebiT samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis, angariSvaldebulebis 

naklebobis gamo. 3 

yvela mniSvnelovan sakiTxze, romelic gavlenas axdens moqalaqeTa cxovrebaze, 

gadawyvetilebebs arCeviTi xelisufleba iRebs. arc erT Zlier ekonomikur 

aqtors Tavis sasargeblod saxelmwifos manipulireba ar SeuZlia, 

armia ki mtkice samoqalaqo kontrols eqvemdebareba. 4 amave dros, xelisuflebis 

sxvadasxva Stoebs Soris balansi darRveulia. aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba 

xelisuflebis sxva Stoebze bevrad Zlieria, xolo sakanonmdeblo 

21 

1 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections30 

May 2010, OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation 

Mission Report, (Warsaw: OSCE/ODIHR, 

2010), 1-2. 

2 ixileT Tavi politikuri partiebis 

Sesaxeb. 

3 magaliTad, ixileT: US Department of State, 

2010 Human Rights Report: Georgia, http:// 

www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/eur/ 

154425.htm 

4 Berteslmann Stiftung, BTI 2010 – Georgia 

Country Report (Gutersloh: Bertelsmann 

Stiftung, 2009), 7.

5 Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2010, 

http://www.freedomhouse.eu/images/ 

Reports/NIT-2010-Georgia-final.pdf, 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 2 maiss). 






Country Report, 10, 26. 





9 gia nodia, „mSvidobis, demokratiisa da 

ganviTarebis kavkasiuri institutis“ 

xelmZRvaneli. interviu avtorTan, 

Tbilisi, 2009 wlis 30 oqtomberi; 

Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2008 – Georgia 

Country Report, (Gutersloh: Bertelsmann 

Stiftung, 2007), 2, 10. 





22 

organos roli saxelmwifo sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi xSirad SezRudulia, 

radgan is prezidentisgan sakmarisad damoukidebeli ar aris. 5 

kanonis uzenaesoba ganmtkicebulia qveynis kanonmdeblobiT, magram praqtika- 

Si mas aRmasrulebeli Stos dominanturi mdgomareoba da sakanonmdeblo 

organosa da sasamarTlos sisuste zRudavs. miiCneva, rom konstituciam fundamenturi 

wesebis dadgenis funqcia dakarga. magaliTad, konstituciiT aris 

ganmtkicebuli parlamentis roli, rogorc aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis 

ganmaxorcielebeli organosi, magram, rogorc am kvlevis Sesabamis 

TavebSia naCvenebi, am rolis Sesruleba sakanonmdeblo organos praqtikaSi 

ar SeuZlia. amasTan erTad, seriozul SeSfoTebas iwvevs gansxvaveba formalur 

wesebsa da politikur praqtikas Soris. 6 

demokratiul institutebs Zlieri an aSkara mowinaaRmdegeebi ar hyavT da 

yvela ZiriTadi aqtori aRiarebs da mxars uWers maT. amave dros, arsebobs 

mosazreba, rom mosaxleobis gariyuli da marginalizebuli segmentebis ukmayofilebam 

SeiZleba momavalSi mdgomareoba Secvalos, Tu romelime politikuri 

aqtori maTi mxardaWeris mobilizebas moaxerxebs. amasTan erTad, 

gamoiTqmis eWvi, rom arc xelisufleba da arc opozicia praqtikaSi demokratiuli 

principebis sakmarisad erTguli ar aris. 7 

socialur-politikuri safuZvlebi 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uwyobs xels sxvadasxva socialur jgufebs Soris, agreTve 

socialur jgufebsa da politikur sistemas Soris, arsebuli urTier- 

Tobebi efeqtiani erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis arsebobas? 

qarTul sazogadoebasa da politikur sistemas Soris kavSiri amJamad arc 

ise Zlieria, rac politikuri partiebis, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis jgufebisa 

da profesiuli kavSirebis sisustiT aris gamowveuli. politikuri elita 

metwilad eqskluziuria. qveynis im nawilSi, romelsac amJamad saqarTvelos 

xelisufleba akontrolebs, raime mniSvnelovani konfliqti ar arsebobs, 

Tumca eTnikuri umciresobebi da qalebi politikur sistemaSi arasakmarisad 

arian warmodgenilni. 

saqarTveloSi 200-mde politikuri partiaa da daaxloebiT 10 maTgani metnalkebad 

aqtiur saqmianobas eweva bolo wlebSi, Tumca partiul saqmianoba- 

Si moqalaqeTa monawileobis done `dabalia da araregularul xasiaTs atarebs.“ 

8 sustia partiuli sistemis unari, sazogadoebrivi interesebis agregacia 

da reprezentacia moaxdinos da Seasrulos Suamavlis roli sazogadoebasa 

da saxelmwifos Soris. partiebi metwilad gavleniani politikosebis 

irgvliv yalibdebian da arCevnebSi maTi warmateba maTi liderebis pirad 

popularobazea damokidebuli. 9 partiebSi Sida demokratiuli marTva 

ganviTarebuli ar aris da, arCevnebSi naCvenebi Sedegebis miuxedavad, partiebis 

xelmZRvanelobis cvla iSviaTia. 10 


moqalaqeTa politikur procesebSi monawileobisa da aqtiurobis saerTo 

done dabalia 11 da Zalze cotaa (Tu saerTod aris) iseTi gaerTianeba an 

interesTa jgufi, romelsac farTo sazogadoebasa da politikur sistemas 

Soris Suamavlis rolis Sesruleba SeuZlia. profesiuli kavSirebis ricxvi 

mcirea da maTi gavlena umniSvneloa, rac ZiriTadad umuSevrobisa da 

TviTdasaqmebis maRali maCveneblebiT aris gamowveuli. 12 am mdgomareobis 

gamomwvev sxva SesaZlo mizezebad saxeldeba gaerTianebebis Seqmnis 

kulturis nakleboba da zogadi skepticizmi profesiuli kavSirebis mimarT, 

rac sabWoTa gamocdilebidan momdinareobs. 13 

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos aqtiuri samoqalaqo sazogadoeba hyavs, 

saTanado resursebiT uzrunvelyofili arasamtavrobo organizaciebis ricxvi 

mcirea da maT politikis formulirebisa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesze 

gavlenis moxdena naklebad SeuZliaT, rac gamowveulia rogorc farTo 

socialuri bazis uqonlobiT, ise pluralizmis amJamindeli naklebobiT qveynis 

mmarTvelobis sistemaSi (romelSic mxolod erTi partia dominirebs). 14 

qveynis politikuri elita metwilad eqskluziuria. Zalaufleba prezidentTan 

daaxloebul pirTa SedarebiT mcire jgufis xelSia koncentrirebuli, 

romelTa politikur gavlenas piradi urTierTobebi gansazRvravs da ara 

oficialuri samTavrobo Tanamdeboba, 15 rac nepotizmisa da Sida garigebebis 

SesaZleblobebs qmnis. 16 

eTnikuri konfliqtebis gamo, romlebic 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi daiwyo, 

qveynis ori regioni – afxazeTi da samxreT oseTi amJamad saqarTvelos xelisuflebis 

de-faqto kontrols gareT imyofeba da maT separatistuli xelisuflebebi 

da iq ganlagebuli ruseTis jaris danayofebi akontroleben. 

qveynis im nawilebSi, romlebsac saqarTvelos xelisufleba akontrolebs, 

amJamad mniSvnelovani konfliqtebi ar arsebobs, magram yvelaze didi eTnikur 

umciresobaTa jgufebi – somxebi da azerbaijanelebi _ arasakmarisad 

arian warmodgenilni rogorc politikur partiebSi, ise xelisuflebis 

organoebSi, rac SesaZloa imiT iyos gamowveuli, rom qveyanaSi regionuli 

partiebis Seqmna akrZalulia. qveynis masStabiT moqmedi partiebi erovnuli 

umciresobebiT dasaxlebul regionebs did yuradRebas ar uTmoben. 17 amave 

dros, enobrivi barierebis gamo, eTnikuri umciresobebi xSirad politikuri 

dialogisa da procesebis miRma rCebian da xeli ar miuwvdebaT umaRles ganaTlebaze. 

rwmenis Tavisufleba konstituciiT aris garantirebuli da 

praqtikaSi religiuri umciresobebis fundamenturi uflebebi zogadad 

daculia, Tumca aseve dafiqsirebulia religiur niadagze Seviwroebis SemTxvevebi. 

saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel eklesias yvela sxva konfesiasTan 

SedarebiT upiratesi samarTlebrivi statusi aqvs 18 da saxelmwifosgan finansuri 

mxardaWeriTac sargeblobs. 

qalebi politikaSi Zalze arasakmarisad arian warmodgenilni. 2011 wlis gazafxulze 

saqarTvelos parlamentSi, romelic 150 deputatisgan Sedgeba, 

mxolod rva qali iyo. rogorc Cans, qalebs ekonomikur SesaZleblobebzec 

xeli naklebad miuwvdebaT, radgan maTi oficialuri dasaqmebis maCvenebeli 

SedarebiT dabalia, xolo saSualo Semosavali mamakacebis Semosavals 

bevrad CamorCeba. 19 

2011 

23 

11 Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and 

Development, An Assessment of Georgia Civil 

Society: Report of the CIVICUS Civil Society 

Index (2010), Tbilisi, Georgia, 12-13. 


Country Report, 11. 

13 Centre for Training and Consultancy, An 

Assessment of Georgian Civil Society (2005), 

CIVICUS Civil Society Index Shortened 

Assessment Tool Report for Georgia, 62.; 

Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2010, 


Reports/NIT-2010-Georgia-final.pdf (nanaxia 

2010 wlis 2 maiss). 

14 Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2009 

(Freedom House, 2009), 220. 

15 International Crisis Group, Georgia: Securing a 

Stable Future, (Tbilisi/Brussels: International 

Crisis Group, 2010), 2. 







18 The US Department of State, International 

Religious Freedom Report 2010: Georgia, 17 

November 2010, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/ 

rls/irf/2010/148936.htm (nanaxia 2010 wlis 

4 maiss). 

III. informacia qveynis Sesaxeb: erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis safuZvlebi



20 iqve, 14. 

21 saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli 

samsaxuri, mTliani Sida produqti, http:// 

www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page&p_id 

=119&lang=eng (nanaxia 2011 wlis 6 maiss). 

22 UNDP, Georgia Human Development Report 

2008 (Tbilisi: UNDP, 2008), 33. 


samsaxuris monacemebiT, 2010 wels inflaciis 

done 11.2 procents Seadgenda, http:// 

www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page &p_id 

=128&lang=eng (nanaxia 2011 wlis 6 maiss). 


2008 (Tbilisi: UNDP, 2008), 33. 


samsaxuri, dasaqmeba da umuSevroba, 

http://www.geostat.ge/index.php?action=page 

&p_id=145&lang=geo (nanaxia 2011 wlis 6 

maiss). 

26 International Crisis Group, Georgia: Securing a 

Stable Future, 8. 


2008, 36. 



29 iqve, 12, 17, 21. 


2008, 33-39. 

24 

socialur-ekonomikuri safuZvlebi 

qula: 25 

ramdenad uwyobs xels qveyanaSi arsebuli socialur-ekonomikuri 

mdgomareoba efeqtiani erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis arsebobas? 

xelisuflebis Zalisxmevis Sedegad, bolo Svidi wlis ganmavlobaSi, socialur-ekonomikuri 

mdgomareoba qveyanaSi gaumjobesda, magram kvlavac arsebobs 

mniSvnelovani gamowvevebi, gansakuTrebiT umuSevrobis, siRaribis, jandacvisa 

da socialuri dacvis kuTxiT. 

postsabWoTa stagnaciis xangrZlivi periodis Semdeg, saqarTvelos ekonomika 

swrafad izrdeboda 2003-2008 wlebSi xelisuflebis mier ganxorcielebuli, 

biznesze orientirebuli reformebisa da ucxouri investiciebis mosazidad 

gamiznuli politikis Sedegad. 2007 wels ekonomikurma zrdam 12 procents 

miaRwia, xolo sabiujeto Semosavlebi 2003-2007 wlebSi 172 procentiT 

gaizarda, sagadasaxado ganakveTebisa da Tavad gadasaxadebis ricxvis Semcirebis 

miuxedavad. 20 im ormagi dartymis Semdeg, romelic saqarTvelom 2008 

wlis agvistoSi ruseTTan omisa da msoflio finansuri krizisis Sedegad 

miiRo, qveyanaSi Semomavali ucxouri investiciebis nakadi mkveTrad Semcirda, 

ramac ekonomikis 4 procentiT Semcireba gamoiwvia. ucxouri daxmarebis 

masStaburma paketma mTavrobas makroekonomikuri stabilurobis SenarCunebis 

saSualeba misca da 2010 wlidan ekonomikam zrda isev daiwyo, Tumca 2008 wlamde 

arsebul maCvenebels jer-jerobiT ver gauTanabrda. 21 erT sul mosaxleze 

mTliani Sida pproduqti mxolod 4,800 a.S.S. dolars Seadgens, xolo saSualo 

Semosavals 1991 wlamde arsebuli donisTvis jerac ar miuRwevia. 22 bolo 

wlebSi mudmiv problemas warmoadgens inflaciis maRali maCvenebeli. 23 

kvlav problemad rCeba ekonomikuri uTanasworoba da mosaxleobis daaxloebiT 

30 procenti siRaribis zRvars qvemoT cxovrobs. 2003-2007 wlebis 

STambeWdavi ekonomikuri zrdis miuxedavad, moqalaqeTa didi umravlesobis 

Semosavali mniSvnelovnad ar gazrdila. 24 umuSevrobis oficialuri maCvenebeli 

kvlavac maRalia da 17 procents Seadgens. 25 amave dros, Semosavlis 

stabiluri wyaro arc e.w. „TviTdasaqmebulebs“ gaaCniaT. 26 

samuSao Zalis naxevarze meti soflis meurneobis seqtorSia dasaqmebuli, 

magram am seqtors bolo wlebSi gatarebuli reformebi naklebad Seexo da 

misi produqtiuloba mcirea. 27 soflis mosaxleoba aseve mniSvnelovani 

problemebis winaSe dgas wylis, jandacvisa da ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobis 

mxriv. 28 gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom bolo wlebis politikuri dapirispirebebisa 

da quCis aqciebis erT–erTi gamomwvevi mizezi is iyo, rom xelisuflebam 

socialurad marginalizebuli jgufebis sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi 

CarTva ver moaxerxa. 29 

2004 wlis Semdeg, mTavrobam miznobrivi da saWiroebebze dafuZnebuli 

socialuri uzrunvelyofisa da socialuri daxmarebis programebis danergva 

daiwyo. amis Sedegad, gaizarda rogorc daxmarebis mimReb siRaribeSi 

mcxovreb pirTa ricxvi, ise daxmarebis moculoba, 30 Tumca es moculoba be- 


neficiarTa ZiriTadi saWiroebebis dasakmayofileblad jerac arasakmarisia. 

31 amasTanave, mTavrobis Zalisxmevam, rom saxelmwifo dazRvevis programebis 

meSveobiT jandacvis sayovelTao xelmisawvdomoba uzrunveleyo, 

deklarirebul miznebs jer-jerobiT kidev ver miaRwia. mosaxleoba zogadad 

kargad informirebuli ar ari janmrTelobis dazRvevis sargeblianobis Sesaxeb. 

mTavroba miznad isaxavs, jandacvis dazRveviT moxucebi da socialurad 

daucveli pirebi uzrunvelyos, magram saxelmwifo biujetSi am mizniT 

gamoyofili saxsrebi maTi saWiroebebis dasakmayofileblad sakmarisi ar 

aris. 32 

saqarTvelos biznes seqtori liberaluri sakanonmdeblo bazisa da administraciuli 

korufciis Zalze dabali donis pirobebSi operirebs. erT-erTi 

kvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT, qarTuli sawarmoebi saSualod biurokratiul 

procedurebze regionis sxva qveynebSi moqmed sawarmoebze nakleb dros xarjaven 

da qrTamis gadaxdac maTze iSviaTad uwevT. 33 Tumca, amis miuxedavad, 

kompaniebi kvlav mniSvnelovani problemebis winaSe dganan. maT xeli naklebad 

miuwvdebaT kapitalsa da kreditebze 34 , xolo sasamarTlo xelisuflebasTan 

davebSi maT saTanado dacvas ar uzrunvelyofs, gansakuTrebiT maSin, 

Tu dava sakuTrebis uflebas exeba. 35 mTavrobis Zalisxmevis Sedegad, infrastruqtura 

sagrZnoblad gaumjobesda 2004 wlis Semdeg, magram, „globaluri 

konkurentunarianobis angariSis“ mixedviT, infrastruqturuli problemebi 

biznesisTvis kvlav xelisSemSlel faqtorad rCeba. 36 

2011 

socialur-kulturuli safuZvlebi 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uwyobs xels sazogadoebaSi gabatonebuli eTika, normebi da Rirebulebebi 

efeqtiani erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis arsebobas? 

qarTuli sazogadoebis Rirebulebebi erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

funqcionirebas garkveulwilad xels uwyobs, Tumca adamianebs Soris ndobis 

done qveyanaSi sagrZnoblad dabalia. 

saqarTveloSi adamianebi zogadad erTmaneTs naklebad endobian. „msoflio RirebulebaTa 

kvlevis“ 2009 wlis monacemebis mixedviT, respondentTa mxolod 

13 procenti miiCnevda, rom adamianebis umravlesoba ndobas imsaxurebs, 44 

procenti fiqrobda, rom adamianebTan urTierTobisas sifrTxilea saWiro, 30 

procents ki miaCnda, rom mxolod megobrebisa da naTesavebis ndoba SeiZleba. 

imave kvlevaSi, saqarTvelom Zalze maRali qula miiRo moqalaqeTa „sazogadoebrivi 

cnobierebis“ mixedviT. respondentTa didi umravlesoba qrTamis 

micemas (98 procenti), gadasaxadebisgan Tavis aridebasa (97 procenti) 

da motyuebis gziT socialuri Semweobis miRebas (96 procenti) miuRebel 

saqcielad miiCnevda. 37 es monacemebi miuTiTebs, rom qveyanaSi pirovnuli 

keTilsindisiereba mniSvnelovan Rirebulebad iTvleba, Tumca, rogorc 

2010 wlis erT-erTi kvlevis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, es monacemebi yovelTvis 

zustad ar asaxavs respondentebis qcevas praqtikaSi. 38 

25 

31 iqve, 33-39. 

32 iqve, 50-51. 

33 Enterprise Surveys, Running a Business in 

Georgia, Enterprise Surveys Country Notes 

Series, 2009, 4. 

34 iqve, 3; aseve: The Global Competitiveness 

Report 2010-2011, http://gcr.weforum.org/ 

gcr2010/ (nanaxia 2011 wlis 5 maiss); 

Berteslmann Stiftung, BTI 2010 – Georgia 


35 The Heritage Foundation, 2010 Index of 

Economic Freedom, http://www.heritage.org/ 

index/download (nanaxia 201 wlis 8 Tebervals). 

36 World Economic Forum, The Global 

Competitiveness Report 2010-2011 (Geneva: 

World Economic Forum, 2010), 162-163. 

37 monacemebis wyaro: World Values Survey. 

citirebulia: The Caucasus Institute for Peace, 

Democracy and Development, An Assessment of 

Georgia Civil Society: Report of the CIVICUS 

Civil Society Index, 47-48. 

38 iqve. 

III. informacia qveynis Sesaxeb: erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis safuZvlebi

IV. zogadi mdgomareoba 

korufciis mxriv 

1 Transparency International, Corruption 

Perceptions Index 2010 Results, 

http://www.transparency.org/ policy_ 

research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results 


2 Transparency International, Global Corruption 

Barometer 2010 Report, thttp://www. 

transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_ 

indices/gcb/2010/results (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

17 maiss). 

3 Caucasus Research Resource Centers, Caucasus 

Barometer 2010 Georgia, http://www.crrc.ge/ 

oda/ (nanaxia 2011 wlis 17 maiss). 

4 Global Integrity, Global Integrity Report: 2009 

Key Findings, http://report.globalintegrity.org/ 

globalindex/findings.cfm#NewCountriesAdded 


5 Global Integrity, Global Integrity Report, 

Georgia: 2009, http://report.globalintegrity. 

org/Georgia/2009 (nanaxia 2011 wlis 17 

maiss). 

26 

mTeli rigi gamokiTxvebis Sedegebi miuTiTebs, rom bolo wlebSi saqarTveloSi 

TvalsaCino winsvla iqna miRweuli korufciis daZlevis kuTxiT. amis 

miuxedavad, kvlav gamoiTqmis eWvebi maRali donis korufciis arsebobis Sesaxeb, 

rasac zogierT SemTxvevaSi faqtobrivi mtkicebulebebic adasturebs. naklebad 

moipoveba empiriuli monacemebi sxvadasxva tipis korufciasTan dakavSirebiT. 

„korufciis aRqmis indeqsis“ 2010 wlis kvlevis mixedviT, saqarTvelo 68–e 

adgilze iyo 178 qveyanas Soris 3,8 quliT. qveyanas yvela mis mezobelze (TurqeTis 

garda) da yvela yofil sabWoTa respublikaze (baltiispireTis sami 

saxelmwifos garda) ukeTesi maCveneblebi hqonda. korufciisgan Tavisuflebis 

mxriv saqarTvelos aRmosavleT evropasa da centralur aziaSi meoTxe 

adgili eWira (TurqeTis, xorvatiisa da yofili iugoslaviis respublika 

makedoniis Semdeg). 1 

korufciasTan dakavSirebuli kidev erTi gamokiTxvis, „globaluri korufciis 

barometris“ mixedviT, saqarTveloSi respondentebis mxolod 3 procenti 

ambobs, rom wina wlis ganmavlobaSi qrTami gadauxada kvlevaSi CamoTvlili 

servisis cxra mimwodebelTagan romelimes. respondentebis 77 procents 

xelisuflebis mier gatarebuli antikorufciuli politika warmatebulad 

miaCnia, 78 procenti ki ambobs, rom wina sami wlis ganmavlobaSi korufciis 

saerTo done Semcirda. respondentebi politikur partiebsa da sasamarTlos 

yvelaze korumpirebul institutebad asaxelebdnen da orive maTgans 5-balian 

skalaze (1 – arakorumpirebuli, 5 – Zalze korumpirebuli) saSualod 2.9 

quliT afasebdnen. korumpirebulobis mixedviT, momdevno adgilebze iyvnen 

sajaro moxeleebi (2.7), parlamenti (2.6) da biznesi da media (2.4). 2 „globaluri 

korufciis barometris“ Sedegebi adasturebs farTod gavrcelebul mosazrebas, 

rom saqarTveloSi wvrilmani korufcia, maT Soris meqrTameoba, faqtobrivad 

aRmoifxvra. am mosazrebas kidev ufro amyarebs „kavkasiis barometri 

2010“–is Sedegebi, romlis mixedviT, qrTamis gadaxdas respondentTa mxolod 

1 procenti adasturebda. 3 

„globaluri keTilsindisierebis indeqsis“ mixedviT, romliTac sxvadasxva 

qveynebis antikorufciuli meqanizmebis siZliere fasdeba, saqarTvelos 

reitingi bolo wlebSi mudmivad icvleboda. 2006 wels qveyanas „saSualo“ 

reitingi mieniWa, 2007 wels – „susti,“ 2008 wels – „Zalze susti,“ 2009 wels ki 

– isev „saSualo.“ 2009 wels saqarTvelo imave kvlevis „elituri korufciis 

sameTvalyureo siidanac“ amoiRes 4 , xolo mTavar problemur sferoebad 

mTavrobis angariSvaldebuleba, sabiujeto procesi, biznesis regulireba da 

samarTaldacviTi saqmianoba dasaxelda. 5 


marTalia, TiTqmis aravin davobs, rom mTavrobam wvrilmani korufciis aRmofxvra 

warmatebiT SeZlo, magram dro da dro gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom 

saqarTveloSi korufciam bolo wlebSi forma Seicvala. magaliTad, erT– 

erTi analitikosis mosazrebiT, 2003 wlamde qveyanaSi farTod gavrcelebuli 

da yovlismomcveli korufcia arsebobda, amJamad ki warmoiSva „klientelisturi 

sistema,“ sadac qveynis xelmZRvaneloba „resursebs anawilebs, raTa 

xelisuflebis SesanarCuneblad aucilebeli erTguleba da mxardaWera 

moipovos.“ 6 aseve gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom qveyanaSi maRalia „nepotizmisa 

da Sida garigebebis“ albaToba, radgan „Zalaufleba erTmaneTTan mWidrod 

dakavSirebul pirTa viwro wreSia koncentrirebuli.“ 7 is garemoeba, rom 

qarTuli sazogadoeba, zogadad, sajaro institutebisadmi ndobis dabali 

xarisxiT xasiaTdeba da upiratesobas ufro tradiciul, araformalur 

urTierTobebs aniWebs, 8 SeiZleba amis erT-erTi xelSemwyobi faqtori iyos 

(xelisuflebis Stoebs Soris urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis sistemisa 

da gare makontrolebeli organizaciebis sisustesTan erTad, rac angariSSi 

mogvianebiT iqneba ganxiluli). 

saqarTveloSi xelisuflebis zeda rgolebSi arsebul „elitur“ da „maRali 

donis“ korufciasTan dakavSirebuli braldebebi xSirad spekulaciur xasiaTs 

atarebs, Tumca bolo wlebSi gaxmaurebuli ramdenime SemTxveva miuTiTebs, 

rom problema jerac ar mogvarebula. 2007 wels, irakli oqruaSvili, yofili 

Tavdacvis ministri da erT dros prezident saakaSvilis mTavrobis erT-erTi 

yvelaze gavleniani wevri, gamoZalvis, fulis gaTeTrebis, samsaxureobrivi 

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebisa da samsaxureobrivi gulgrilobis 

braldebiT daapatimres. 9 zogierTi komentatori gamoTqvams mosazrebas, rom 

oqruaSvilis dapatimreba politikurad motivirebuli iyo. Tumca, Tu misTvis 

wardgenili braldebebi safuZvliani iyo, es imis mimaniSnebeli iqneba, rom 

aRmasrulebeli Stos gavlenian wevrebs kvlavac SeuZliaT, korufciasTan 

dakavSirebuli danaSaulis dausjelad Cadena, vidre politikuri xelmZRvanelobis 

erTgulni iqnebian (oqruaSvili saxelisuflebo wreebis gavleniani 

wevri da, ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi, prezidentTan daaxloebuli figura 

iyo). oqruaSvili Tanamdebobidan gadadgomidan cxra Tvis Semdeg daapatimres 

_ mas Semdeg, rac opoziciaSi gadasvlis Sesaxeb gancxadeba gaakeTa. 

sxva bolodroindeli gaxmaurebuli SemTxvevebi aseve miuTiTebs, rom korufcia 

problemad rCeba aRmasrulebeli Stos maRal eSelonebSi. 2010 wlis 

Semodgomaze, mokle periodis ganmavlobaSi, jandacvisa da finansTa ministrebis 

moadgileebsa da ganaTlebis ministris yofil moadgiles korufciaSi 

daedoT brali. samive SemTxvevaSi kanondarRvevebi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs 

ukavSirdeboda. 10 

rogorc ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis antikorufciuli 

qselis 2010 wlis daskvnaSi iyo aRniSnuli, saqarTveloSi arsebul 

korufciasTan dakavSirebuli kvlevebis umetesoba aqcents problemis 

aRqmaze akeTebs da iSviaTia kvlevebi „korufciuli praqtikis doneebis, formebis, 

tipebis, gamovlinebebisa da geografiuli arealis Sesaxeb“. 11 organizacia 

saqarTvelos mTavrobas urCevs, daafinansos korufciis „Tvisebrivi da 

raodenobrivi kvlevebi,“ radgan isini mas sando informacias miscemda, romelic 

„politikis cvlilebebis dagegmvis, dawyebisa da monitoringisTvis aris 

saWiro.“ 12 raime amgvar mcdelobas dRemde adgili ar hqonia. 

2011 27 

6 Alexander Kupatadze, “Similar Events, Different 

Outcomes: Accounting for Diverging Corruption 

Patterns in Post-Revolution Georgia and 

Ukraine”, Caucasus Analytical Digest, No 26, 26 

April 2011, 2. 


Country Report (Gutersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 

2009), 25. 




Index (2010), Tbilisi, Georgia, 47. 

9 Civil.ge, „oqruaSvili daapatimres,“ 2007 

wlis 27 seqtemberi, http://www.civil.ge/ 

geo/article.php?id=16213&search= (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 17 maiss). 

10 Expressnews, „kontrolis palata finansTa 

ministris moadgiles Tanxebis aramiznobriv 

xarjvaSi adanaSaulebs,“ 2010 wlis 23 

seqtemberi, http://www.epn.ge/?p=25262 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 17 maiss); Medianews, 

„prokuraturam ganaTlebis ministris 

yofili moadgile daakava,“ 2010 wlis 12 

oqtomberi, http://medianews.ge/index.php/ 

ka/content/47932/ (nanaxia 2011 wlis 17 

maiss); Expressnews, `mTavar prokuraturaSi 

jandacvis ministris moadgilis 

dakavebasTan dakavSirebiT, dRes 15:00 

saaTze brifingi gaimarTeba,“ 

http://www.epn.ge/?p=24210 (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 17 maiss); (yvela masala qarTul 

enazea). 

11 OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern 

Europe and Central Asia, Istanbul Anti- 

Corruption Action Plan, Second Round of 

Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report, (Paris: 

OECD ACN, 2010), 11. 




Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report, 11. 

IV. zogadi mdgomareoba korufciis mxriv

V.antikorufciuli politika 


2008 (Tbilisi: UNDP, 2008), 11. 

2 Alexander Kupatadze, “Similar Events, Different 

Outcomes: Accounting for Diverging Corruption 

Patterns in Post-Revolution Georgia and 

Ukraine”, Caucasus Analytical Digest, No 26, 26 

April 2011, 2. 


2008, 12. 

28 

rogorc 2008 wlis gaero–s ganviTarebis programis àdamianuri ganviTarebis 

angariSSia~ aRniSnuli, „korufciis problemis gadaWarbebiT Sefaseba~, 

romelic saqarTvelos post-revoluciuri mTavrobis winaSe idga, 

„TiTqmis SeuZlebelia.“ 1 axalma xelmZRvanelobam korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolis politikuri neba gamoavlinaa, rac gansakuTrebiT sajaro samsaxurSi 

meqrTameobis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi gamoixata. 

antikorufciuli RonisZiebebi da reformebi 

2003 wlis bolos saqarTvelos saTaveSi mosulma axalma politikurma xelmZRvanelobam 

mTeli rigi radikaluri antikorufciuli zomebi gaatara. korufciis 

winaaRmdeg mimarTuli RonisZiebebi da reformebi moicavda Semdegs: 

1) korufciaSi Cabmuli pirebis sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna da dasja, 

raTa daZleuliyo farTod gavrcelebuli dausjelobis SegrZneba; 2) sajaro 

seqtoris metismetad gazrdili biurokratiis Semcireba, romelic Zveli 

mTavrobis pirobebSi korufciis mTavari wyaro iyo; 3) sajaro Tanamdebobis 

pirTa da sajaro mosamsaxureTa xelfasebis zrda, raTa isini iZulebulni 

aRar yofiliyvnen, rom Tavis sarCenad korufciuli danaSauli CaedinaT. 

mTavrobis antikorufciuli RonisZiebebis mniSvnelovan elements warmoadgenda 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis – Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da prokuraturis 

_ reforma. 2004 wlidan mniSvnelovnad gaizarda am ori uwyebis 

SesaZleblobebi da mas Semdgom isini korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis avangards 

warmoadgenen. saakaSvilis mTavrobis mmarTvelobis pirvel wlebSi 

antikorufciuli politikis TvalsaCino maxasiaTebeli iyo korufciaSi 

eWvmitanili Tanamdebobis pirebis dapatimrebebi, rac SedarebiT mcire 

masStabiT dResac grZeldeba. 2 saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier gatarebul 

antikorufciul reformebze saubrisas yvelaze xSirad aRniSnaven imas, rom 

man gaauqma Zveli sagzao policia, romelic erT-erT yvelaze korumpirebul 

uwyebad miiCneoda, da misi TanamSromlebis umravlesoba samsaxuridan 

daiTxova. sagzao policiis nacvlad axali sapatrulo policia Seiqmna, romelSic 

aTasobiT axali policieli iqna dasaqmebuli. 3 

radgan mTavrobis mier gamocxadebuli ekonomikuri zrdisa da ucxouri 

investiciebis mozidvis politikis mTavar dabrkolebad korufcia miiCne- 


oda, mTavrobam am problemis mogvareba saxelmwifo maregulirebeli uwyebebisa 

da sxvadasxva komerciuli saqmianobisTvis dadgenili normebisa da 

licenziebis ricxvis SemcirebiT daiwyo. aseve Semcirda gadasaxadebis raodenoba 

da sagadasaxado ganakveTebi. Tanamdebobis pirTa da sajaro mosamsaxureTa 

xelfasebi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda, raTa maT naklebi stimuli 

hqonodaT, rom Tavis sarCenad korufciuli danaSauli CaedinaT. 4 am RonisZiebebis 

gatarebis Semdeg, 2009 wels Catarebuli erT-erTi gamokiTxvis 

mixedviT, saqarTveloSi moqmedi sawarmoebis warmomadgenelTa mxolod 

mcire nawili miiCnevda, rom „saqmis mosagvareblad“ qrTamis gadaxda iyo 

saWiro. 5 

ganaTlebis sistema (gansakuTrebiT ki universitetSi misaRebi gamocdebis 

sistema) kidev erTi sferoa, romelic 2004 wlamde korufciis maRali doniT 

xasiaTdeboda. 2004 wels am sistemis mTliani reforma ganxorcielda 

da, saerTo Sexedulebis Tanaxmad, reformis Sedegad sistemaSi meqrTameoba 

praqtikulad aRmoifxvra. 

2011 

kanonmdebloba 

mTavrobis mier bolo wlebSi gatarebul antikorufciul reformebs Tan 

axlda qveynis kanonmdeblobis mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi. zogierT Zvel 

kanonSi cvlilebebi iqna Setanili, xolo arsebuli xvrelebis Sesavsebad 

mTeli rigi axali kanonebi iqna miRebuli. 

gadaidga mniSvnelovani nabijebi, romlebic samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

saqmianobis maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobis gaumjobesebasa da sxvadasxva 

tipis korufciuli qmedebebisTvis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis 

dawesebas iTvaliswinebda. axla dasjadi qmedebebia rogorc qrTamis 

micema, ise misi aReba da zegavleniT vaWroba. SemoRebul iqna iuridiuli 

pirebis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba 6 da (kanonSi Sesuli araerTi 

cvlilebis Sedegad) gaumjobesda ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis 

winaaRmdeg mimarTuli normebi. 7 2008 wels saqarTvelo aseve miuerTda 

gaero-s konvencias korufciis winaaRmdeg. 

rac Seexeba kanonmdeblobis im normebs, romlebic Tanamdebobis pirTa 

keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelsayofad aris gamiznuli, mniSvnelovani 

cvlilebebi Sevida kanonebSi „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ da „sajaro samsaxurSi 

interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“. pirvels sajaro 

mosamsaxureTa saerTo eTikis kodeqsi miemata, 8 meoreSi ki damatebul 

iqna wesebi, romlebic saCuqrebis miRebaze SezRudvebs awesebs da qonebis 

deklarirebis valdebulebas adgens. kanonmdeblobaSi aseve Sevida debulebebi, 

romlebic mamxilebelTa dacvas uzrunvelyofs. 9 

da bolos, gatarebul iqna RonisZiebebi im dawesebulebebis uflebamosilebis 

gasaZliereblad, romlebic korufciis prevenciaSi mniSvnelovan 

rols asruleben. 2008 wels parlamentma miiRo axali kanoni „kontrolis 

palatis Sesaxeb,“ romelic am uwyebis Tanamedrove umaRles auditorul 

29 

4 iqve, 12. 


2008, 12 

6 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 1999 wlis 22 ivliss, muxlebi 

338, 339, 3391, kari meeqvse (damatebul iqna 

2006 wlis 25 ivliss). 

7 iqve, muxli 194. 

8 saqarTvelos kanoni „sajaro samsaxuris 

Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1997 wlis 31 

oqtombers, Tavi VI1 (damatebul iqna 2009 

wlis 12 ivniss). 

9 saqarTvelos kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi 

interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis 

Sesaxeb,“ kanonis pirveli redaqcia 

miRebulia 1997 wlis 17 oqtombers, muxli 5 

(2009 wlis 27 marts), muxli 18 (2009 wlis 

12 ivniss), Tavi V1 (2009 wlis 27 marts). 

V. antikorufciuli politika

10 saqarTvelos kanoni „kontrolis palatis 

Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 2008 wlis 26 dekembers. 

11 saqarTvelos kanoni „saxelmwifo Sida 

auditisa da inspeqtirebis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 2010 wlis 26 marts. 

12 saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba N 

622 „korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis 

uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWos 

Semadgenlobisa da debulebis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb,“ 2008 wlis 26 dekemberi. 

30 

dawesebulebad gardaqmnas isaxavs mizanad. 10 2010 wels miRebul iqna axali 

kanoni Sida auditisa da inspeqtirebis Sesaxeb. 11 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

sistemis reforma 2009 wels kanonis cvlilebebis miRebiT daiwyo, rasac 

2011 wels Sesyidvebis eleqtronuli sistemis SemoReba mohyva. 

am sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis miReba mniSvnelovani miRweva iyo, ramac 

xeli Seuwyo qveynis antikorufciuli kanonmdeblobis gaZlierebas. amis 

miuxedavad, zogierTi zemoxsenebuli kanoni garkveul xarvezebs Seicavs 

da/an praqtikaSi Tanmimdevrulad ar gamoiyeneba. es sakiTxi winamdebare 

angariSis Sesabamis TavebSi iqneba ganxiluli. 

antikorufciuli strategia da uwyeba 

mTavrobis Tavdapirveli antikorufciuli RonisZiebebi, romlebzec zemoT 

iyo saubari, didwilad saerTo strategiisa da antikorufciuli politikis 

momzadebasa da mis Sesrulebaze pasuxismgebeli centraluri uwyebis 

gareSe xorcieldeboda. saqarTvelos pirveli antikorufciuli strategia 

2005-2006 wlebSi Seiqmna da misi ganxorcielebis samoqmedo gegma 

2007 wels iqna miRebuli. am RonisZiebebis gatarebas reformebis koordinirebis 

sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris aparati xelmZRvanelobda. 2008 

wels miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba, rom rogorc strategia, ise samoqmedo 

gegma arsebiTad Tavidan daweriliyo. sagangebod am miznisTvis Camoyalibda 

korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWo. 

sabWo prezidentis brZanebulebiT 2008 wlis dekemberSi Seiqmna da is aRmasrulebeli 

Stos, sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

maRali Tanamdebobis pirebis, aseve ramdenime samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciis (maT Soris, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“) 

warmomadgenlebisgan Sedgeba. sabWos ZiriTadi amocanebia korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolis zogadi politikis gansazRvra; erovnuli antikorufciuli 

strategiisa da misi samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba, perioduli ganaxleba 

da monitoringi; erovnuli antikorufciuli strategiisa da samoqmedo 

gegmis ganxorcielebis xelSewyobis mizniT, uwyebaTaSorisi saqmianobis 

koordinacia; da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier momzadebuli rekomendaciebis 

Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa da maTi Sesrulebis Sesaxeb angariSebis 

momzadeba. 12 sabWos saqmianobas „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa 

da korufciis Sesaxeb“ kanonis specialuri muxli da am uwyebis 

debuleba aregulirebs. 

erovnul antikorufciul strategiaSi, romelic sabWom 2010 wlis ianvarSi 

miiRo, Camoyalibebulia antikorufciuli politikis Semdegi ZiriTadi 

miznebi: 1) efeqtiani da korufciisgan Tavisufali sajaro seqtoris Seqmna 

(maT Soris, sagadasaxado, sabaJo da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sistemebis gaumjobesebisa 

da sajaro finansebis sistemis reformirebis gziT); 2) kerZo 

struqturebis konkurentunarianobis gazrda da korufciisgan gaTavisufleba; 

3) marTlmsajulebis sistemis saqmianobis daxvewa; 4) antikorufciuli 

kanonmdeblobis daxvewa; 5) uwyebaTaSorisi TanamSromloba antiko- 


ufciuli RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis kuTxiT; da 6) politikuri 

partiebis dafinansebis monitoringis sistemis gaumjobeseba. 13 samoqmedo 

gegmaSi, romelic 2010 wlis seqtemberSi naCqarevad da arasakmarisad Ria 

preceduriT iqna damtkicebuli, mocemulia mosalodneli Sedegebi TiToeul 

am sferoSi da dasaxelebulia is uwyebebi, romelTac Sesabamisi aqtivobebis 

ganxorcieleba evalebaT. gegmaSi aseve gawerilia am aqtivobebis 

ganxorcielebis saerTo vadebi. 14 amis miuxedavad, samoqmedo gegma tovebs 

STabeWdilebas, rom is im zogadi reformebis safuZvelze iqna momzadebuli, 

romlebic sxvadasxva samTavrobo uwyebebSi ukve dagegmili iyo da konkretuli 

korufciasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis analizs ar efuZneboda. 

zogierTi iseTi problematuri sakiTxi, rogoricaa mediis mflobelobis 

gamWvirvaloba, gegmaSi ar gauTvaliswinebiaT da maTze reagireba mogvianebiT, 

gegmis farglebs gareT moxda. 

sabWo droebiTi organoa da srulfasovan antikorufciul uwyebas ar warmoadgens. 

mas sakuTari biujeti da TanamSromlebi ar gaaCnia da misi samdivnos 

funqcias iusticiis saministros analitikuri departamenti asrulebs. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom analitikurma departamentma antikorufciuli 

strategiisa da samoqmedo gegmis Sedgenis valdebulebas Tavi warmatebiT 

gaarTva, mas srul ganakveTze momuSave mxolod eqvsi TanamSromeli hyavs, 

romlebsac bevri sxva movaleobac ekisrebaT. gaurkvevelia, SeZlebs Tu 

ara sabWo am resursebiT ufro farTo amocanebis Sesrulebas (rogoricaa 

strategiisa da samoqmedo gegmis ganxorcielebis monitoringi). 

sabWo ar sargeblobs im xarisxis damoukideblobiT, romelic antikorufciul 

uwyebas idealur SemTxvevaSi unda hqondes. mis wevrebs prezidenti 

niSnavs, romelsac maTi gawveva nebismier dros SeuZlia, xolo samdivnos 

TanamSromlebi iusticiis saministros daqiravebuli TanamSromlebi arian 

da, Sesabamisad, iusticiis ministrs eqvemdebarebian. 

vinaidan sabWos damoukidebeli uwyebis statusi ar gaaCnia, misi gamWvirvaloba 

da, gansakuTrebiT, angariSvaldebuleba saTanado sakanonmdeblo 

garantiebiT uzrunvelyofili ar aris. 15 jerjerobiT, sabWo praqtikaSi 

zogadad gamWvirvaled moqmedebs, Tumca „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ gamocdilebiT, sabWos im wevrebs, romlebic samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebas warmoadgenen, sabWos gegmebs yovelTvis droulad ar atyobineben. 

kerZod, 2010 wels samoqmedo gegmis pirveli versia ise iqna ganxiluli, 

rom samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi saqmis kursSi ar CauyenebiaT 

da maT komentarebis mosamzadeblad sakmarisi dro ar miecaT. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba, biznesi da gare aqtorebi 

mTavrobis antikorufciul politikaSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTuloba 

ZiriTadad antikorufciuli sabWos muSaobaSi ramdenime arasamTavrobo 

organizaciis monawileobiT gamoixateba, 16 Tumca am monawileobis xarisxic 

yovelTvis Tanabari ar aris. am formatis gareT, mTeli rigi arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebi atareben kvlevebs im sferoebSi, sadac koruf- 

2011 31 

13 saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli 

strategia, damtkicebulia saqarTvelos 

prezidentis N 376 brZanebulebiT 2010 wlis 

3 ivniss, http://www.justice.gov.ge/files/ 

Documents/analitikuri/antikorufsiuli_stategia. 

pdf (nanaxia 2011 wlis 16 maiss). 


strategiis ganxorcielebis samoqmedo 

gegma, damtkicebulia saqarTvelos 

prezidentis brZanebulebiT #735 2010 

wlis 14 seqtembers. 


Europe and Central Asia, Istanbul Anti-Corruption 

Action Plan, Second Round of Monitoring, Georgia 

Monitoring Report, (Paris: OECD ACN, 2010), 13. 

16 „saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa 

asociacia“, „Tavisuflebis instituti,“ 

„amerikis advokatTa asociacia,“ „Ria sazogadoeba 

– saqarTvelo“ da „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ sabWos 

muSaobaSi monawileobis misaRebad miiwvies 

2008 wlis dekemberSi, rodesac sabWo 

Seiqmna. 

V. antikorufciuli politika

17 magaliTad, ixileT Open Society Georgia 

Foundation, European Neighbourhood Policy: 

Implementation of the Objectives of the EU- 

Georgia Action Plan (Tbilisi: OSGF, 2010). 

18 magaliTad, ixileT „informaciis 

Tavisuflebis ganviTarebis institutis“ 

mier Seqmnili sajaro informaciis 

monacemTa baza: www.opendata.ge 




Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report, 45-46. 

20 gaero–s „globaluri SeTanxmeba,“ 

monawileebi da dainteresebuli mxareebi, 

http://www.unglobalcompact.org/participants/ 

search?business _type=2&commit=Search& 

cop_status=all&country[]=65& joined_ 

after= &joined_before=& keyword= 

&listing_status_id=all&organization_type_ 

id=&page=1 &per_page=50& amp; 

sector_id=all (nanaxia 2011 wlis 8 Tebervals). 

21 magaliTad, ixileT OECD Anti-Corruption 

Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 

Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan, Second 

Round of Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring 

Report; Group of States against Corruption, 

Second Evaluation Round Compliance Report on 

Georgia, adopted by GRECO at its 42nd 

Plenary Meeting (Strasbourg, 11-15 May 

2009). 

22 The Council of Europe, GEPAC: Support to the 

Anti-corruption strategy of Georgia, http:// 

www.coe.int/t/DGHL/cooperation/ 

economiccrime/corruption/projects/GEPAC/ 

gepac_en.asp (nanaxia 2011 wlis 16 maiss). 

32 

ciis arseboba ivaraudeba, amzadeben Crdilovan angariSebs mTavrobis mier 

misi saerTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb (romelTagan zogi 

korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolas ukavSirdeba), 17 axdenen informaciis 

sajaroobis Sesaxeb ukeTesi kanonebisa da praqtikis advokatirebas18 da, 

zogadad TavianT saqmianobaSi prioritetul adgils uTmoben gamWvirvalobas, 

angariSvaldebulebasa da keTilsindisier mmarTvelobas. 

qarTuli biznesis antikorufciuli saqmianoba jer-jerobiT farTo xasiaTs 

ar atarebs. qveynis antikorufciuli sabWos muSaobaSi biznesis arc 

erTi warmomadgeneli ar monawileobs da kerZo seqtori arc mTavrobis 

antikorufciuli politikis SemuSavebaSi an ganxorcielebaSi yofila 

CarTuli. dRemde biznes seqtorsa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebas raime er- 

Toblivi iniciativebi ar ganuxorcielebiaT. 19 Zalze mcirea im qarTuli 

kompaniebis ricxvi, romlebic gaero–s „globalur SeTanxmebaSi“ aqtiurad 

monawileoben, Sida eTikis kodeqsebs icaven an antikorufciul programebs 

axorcieleben. 20 

saqarTvelos antikorufciuli kanonmdeblobis SemuSavebas bolo wlebSi 

xels gare aqtorebic uwyobdnen. magaliTad, evrosabWos saxelmwifoTa 

antikorufciuli jgufi da ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis 

organizaciis antikorufciuli qseli TavianT sferoebSi monitorings uweven 

saqarTvelos mier saerTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesrulebas da rekomendaciebs 

warudgnenen mas. 21 aman mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula sakanonmdeblo 

bazis gaumjobesebaSi, rac wina qveTavSia ganxiluli. amasTan er- 

Tad, erovnuli antikorufciuli strategiis SemuSaveba evropis sabWos 

GEPAC–is proeqtis pirdapiri mxardaWeriTa da niderlandebis mTavrobis 

dafinansebiT moxda. 22 ucxoeli donorebi aseve afinanseben adgilobriv 

sazedamxedvelo arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, romlebic antikorufciuli 

saqmianobiT arian dakavebuli. 


2011 

reziume 

VI. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistema 

1. sakanonmdeblo organo 

sakanonmdeblo organo saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

erT-erTi ZiriTadi aqtoria aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobaze zedamxedvelobaSi 

misi rolis gamo. Tumca, kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, 

sakanonmdeblo organos amJamad ar Seswevs kanoniT gansazRvruli zedamxedvelobis 

uflebamosilebis efeqtianad gamoyenebis unari. amis umTavresi 

mizezia parlamentis arsebuli Semadgenloba (radganac sakanondeblo 

organoSi opoziciis warmomadgenelTa ricxvi mcirea), aseve is faqti, rom 

saparlamento umravlesoba prezidentisgan damoukidebeli ar aris. rac 

Seexeba dadebiT mxareebs, parlamentis SesaZleblobebisa da Sida mmarTvelobis 

maregulirebeli sakanonmdeblo normebi zogadad damakmayofilebelia, 

iseve, rogorc parlamentis gankargulebaSi arsebuli resursebi 

da sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis muSaobis gamWvirvaloba praqtikaSi. amas- 

Tan erTad, bolo wlebSi, parlamentma araerTi mniSvnelovani kanoni miiRo 

korufciis Semcirebisa da mmarTvelobis gaumjobesebis mizniT. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili qulebiT Sefasebulia Zlieri 

sakanonmdeblo organos arsebobisTvis aucilebeli sami elementi: parlamentis 

SesaZleblobebi, misi Sida marTva da roli, romelsac is saqarTvelos 

antikorufciul sistemaSi asrulebs. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi 

warmodgenilia TiToeuli maCveneblis Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 

saerTo qula: 54/100 

ganzomileba maCvenebeli kanoni praqtika 

SesaZleblobebi resursebi 100 50 

63/100 damoukidebloba 75 25 

marTva gamWvirvaloba 75 75 

63/100 angariSvaldebuleba 50 50 

keTilsindisiereba 75 50 

roli zedamxedveloba aRmasrulebel Stoze 25 

38/100 sakanonmdeblo reforma 50 

33

34 

struqtura da organizacia 

saqarTvelos parlamenti mas Semdeg arsebobs, rac qveyanam 1991 wels damoukidebloba 

gamoacxada. amJamindeli parlamenti 150 deputatisgan Sedgeba 

da erTpalatian organos warmoadgens, romelic yovel oTx weliwadSi 

erTxel airCeva. parlamentis wevrTa naxevars 75 erTmandatiani saarCevno 

olqidan irCeven, meore naxevari ki mTeli qveynis masStabiT partiulproporciuli 

wesiT airCeva. parlamentis muSaobis zogadi principebi 

Camoyalibebulia saqarTvelos konstituciaSi, ufro konkretuli wesebi ki 

mocemulia parlamentis reglamentSi. konstitucia acxadebs, rom parlamenti 

qveynis umaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi organoa, romelsac sagareo 

da saSinao politikis Camoyalibeba da aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis 

ganxorcieleba evaleba. 

parlamentSi arsebobs 15 mudmivmoqmedi komiteti da agreTve biuro, romelic 

sakanonmdeblo organos saqmianobis koordinirebaze pasuxismgebeli 

organoa. parlamentis wevrTa minimum eqvskacian jgufs SeuZlia saparlamento 

fraqcia Camoayalibos, romelic mTeli rigi uflebamosilebebiTa 

da privilegiebiT sargeblobs. praqtikaSi, fraqciebi Cveulebriv partiuli 

niSniT iqmneba. fraqcias an fraqciebs, romlebic parlamentis wevrTa 

naxevarze mets aerTianeben, SeuZliaT, Seqmnan saparlamento umravlesoba, 

xolo fraqcias an fraqciebs, romlebic aerTianeben im parlamentarTa 

naxevarze mets, romlebic saparlamento umravlesobaSi ar Sedian, SeuZliaT, 

Seqmnan saparlamento umciresoba. saparlamento umravlesoba da 

umciresoba aseve sargebloben garkveuli privilegiebiT. amJamad saqarTvelos 

parlamentSi oTxi fraqcia moqmedebs. 

dResdReobiT parlamentSi prezident mixeil saakaSvilis partia, „erTiani 

nacionaluri moZraoba,“ dominirebs, romelic saparlamento mandatebis 

80 procentze mets flobs. parlamentSi warmodgenili yvelaze didi opoziciuri 

jgufi „qristian-demokratiuli moZraobaa“. 2008 wlis saparlamento 

arCevnebis Semdeg ramdenime gavlenianma opoziciurma partiam, protestis 

niSnad, sakanonmdeblo organoSi Sesvlaze uari ganacxada, radganac 

fiqrobda, rom arCevnebi darRvevebiT Catarda. 

Sefaseba 

resursebi (kanoni) 

qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sakanonmdeblo organos 

hqondes saTanado finansuri, adamianuri da infrastruqturuli resursebi, 

romlebic aucilebelia misi movaleobebis efeqtianad Sesasruleblad? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seicavs saTanado debulebebs, romelTa mizani 

imis uzrunvelyofaa, rom parlaments xeli miuwvdebodes saWiro finansur, 

adamianur da materialur-teqnikur resursebze. 


parlamentis dafinansebis maregulirebeli sakanonmdeblo debulebebi 

damakmayofilebelia. konstituciis 49-e muxlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo biujetSi 

parlamentisTvis gankuTvnili mimdinare xarjebis wina wlis odenobasTan 

SedarebiT Semcireba mxolod parlamentis winaswari TanxmobiT 

SeiZleba. parlamenti Tavad iRebs gadawyvetilebas saxelmwifo biujetSi 

misTvis gamoyofili saxsrebis ganawilebis Taobaze. 

sakanonmdeblo organo sakuTari biujetis Sedgenas Tavad akontrolebs. 

es procesi detalurad aris aRwerili parlamentis reglamentis 1 237–e 

muxlSi. biujetis proeqti mzaddeba komitetebis, fraqciebis, parlamentis 

aparatisa da xazinadarTa sabWos 2 mier wardgenili winadadebebis safuZvelze, 

xolo parlamentis Tavmjdomare am process xelmZRvanelobs da 

koordinirebas uwevs. biujetis proeqtSi detalurad unda iyos gawerili 

TiToeuli komitetisa da fraqciisTvis, aseve umciresobisa da umravlesobisTvis, 

gankuTvnuli asignebebi. Tu parlamenti misTvis gankuTvnil 

saxsrebs saxelmwifo biujetidan ver miiRebs, is uflebamosilia, sesxi 

aiRos erovnuli bankidan. sakanonmdeblo organos finansuri avtonomia 

ganmtkicebulia sabiujeto kodeqsiT, 3 romelic zemoxsenebuli wesebis 

identur mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs. 4 

parlamentis reglamenti iTvaliswinebs parlamentis aparatis Seqmnas, romelsac 

sakanonmdeblo organos muSaobaSi daxmarebis gaweva evaleba. ker- 

Zod, aparati valdebulia, parlamentarebsa da parlamentis sxvadasxva 

struqturebs organizaciul-teqnikuri, sainformacio, iuridiuli, safinanso 

da sxva saxis momsaxureba gauwios. 5 reglamenti aseve uflebas aZlevs 

komitetebs, daiqiravon eqspert-konsultantebi, romlebic specifiur sakiTxebze 

imuSaveben. 6 

2011 

resursebi (praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia sakanonmdeblo organo praqtikaSi misi 

movaleobebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiro resursebiT? 

praqtikaSi, saqarTvelos parlamenti saxelmwifo biujetidan misi movaleobebis 

gansaxorcieleblad sakmaris dafinansebas iRebs. resursebis 

sferoSi parlaments yvelaze didi problema aparatis profesionalizmis 

kuTxiT aqvs. 

eqspertebi, romlebsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ gaesaubra, 

Tanxmdebian, rom parlaments dafinansebis TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovani 

problemebi ar aqvs. xaTuna gogoriSvili, romelic saproceduro 

sakiTxTa da wesebis komitetis Tavmjdomarea da parlamentSi 1990-iani 

wlebidan moRvaweobs, acxadebs, rom, miuxedavad 2010 wlis biujetSi dafinansebis 

Semcirebisa, romelic ekonomikuri zrdis SenelebiT ganpirobebuli 

xarjebis saerTo Semcirebis nawili iyo, parlamentis gankargulebaSi 

arsebuli finansuri resursebi sakmarisia misi Seuferxebeli mu- 

35 

1 saqarTvelos parlamentis reglamenti, 

miRebulia 2004 wlis 17 Tebervals. 

2 specialuri organo, romelic parlamentis 

Tavmjdomares sakanonmdeblo organos 

finansur sakiTxebze zedamxedvelobis 

ganxorcielebaSi exmareba. 

3 saqarTvelos sabiujeto kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 2009 wlis 18 dekembers. 

4 saqarTvelos sabiujeto kodeqsi, muxli 41. 

5 parlamentis reglamenti, muxli 254. 


1. sakanonmdeblo organo

7 xaTuna gogoriSvili, parlamentis 

saproceduro sakiTxTa da wesebis 

komitetis Tavmjdomare. interviu 

avtorTan, 2010 wlis 10 marti. 

8 Tamar CugoSvili, „saqarTvelos 

axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis“ 

saparlamento mdivani, Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 

16 marti. 

9 xaTuna gogoriSvilis interviu avtorTan; 

ori saparlamento eqspertis interviu 

avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 30 marti; 

saparlamento eqspertis interviu 

avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 30 marti. 

10 xaTuna gogoriSvilis interviu avtorTan. 

11 ori saparlamento eqspertis interviu 

avtorTan. 

12 Tamar CugoSvilis interviu avtorTan. 

13 levan vefxvaZe, saqarTvelos parlamentis 

vice–spikeri da „qristian–demokratiuli 

moZraobis“ wevri. interviu avtorTan, 

Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 7 aprili. 

36 

Saobis uzrunvelsayofad. 7 sakanonmdeblo organo saxelmwifo biujetidan 

uxv asignebebs iRebs, 8 ramac mas bolo wlebSi saWiro aRWurvilobis 9 Se- 

Zenis saSualeba misca. 

parlamentis aparatis wevrTa raodenobas eqspertebi sakmarisad miiCneven, 

magram maTi profesionalizmis donis Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi 

arsebobs. xaTuna gogoriSvilma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ 

ganucxada, rom parlaments hyavs maRalkvalificiuri specialistebis 

birTvi, romlebic aparatSi 10-15 wlis ganmavlobaSi muSaoben, da 

aseTma stabilurobam xeli Seuwyo instituciuri mexsierebis Camoyalibebas. 

10 Tumca, zogierTi damkvirvebeli aRniSnavs, rom aparatis bevr TanamSromels 

ar gaaCnia saWiro unar-Cvevebi da profesionalTa nakleboba 

parlaments aiZulebs, garkveul sferoebSi, magaliTad, kenWisyris Sedegebis 

monacemTa bazis SeqmnaSi, mowveul specialistTa daxmareba gamoiyenos. 

11 rogorc erT-erTma eqspertma ganmarta, kvalificiuri TanamSromlebis 

nakleboba aseve amcirebs sakanonmdeblo organos SesaZleblobas, 

Seamowmos kanonproeqtebis Sesabamisoba saqarTvelos mier aRebul saer- 

TaSoriso valdebulebebTan. 12 

aseve gamoiTqva mosazreba, rom parlamentis komitetebis uxvi dafinansebis 

miuxedavad, fraqciebisTvis (partiuli niSniT Seqmnili saparlamento 

jgufebi) gamoyofili resursebi bevrad ufro SezRudulia. es 

mmarTvel partias (romelickomitetebsa da maT resursebs akontrolebs) 

mkafio upiratesobas aniWebs saparlamento opoziciasTan SedarebiT resursebze 

wvdomis TvalsazrisiT. 13 

damoukidebloba (kanoni) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebeli da Tavisufalia sakanonmdeblo organo 

kanoniT gare aqtorebis daqvemdebarebisgan? 

kanoniT, saqarTvelos parlamenti gare aqtorebisadmi daqvemdebarebisgan 

metwilad Tavisufalia. is garemoeba, rom konstitucia prezidents parlamentis 

daTxovnis uflebas aniWebs, Teoriulad mainc, SesaZloa, sakanonmdeblo 

organos damoukideblobas zRudavdes. 

konstitucia mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs sakanonmdeblo organos damoukideblobis 

uzrunvelsayofad. konstituciis Tanaxmad, parlamentis wevrebi 

sargebloben „Tavisufali mandatiT“ da amomrCevlebs an partias, 

romelmac isini waradgina, arCevis Semdeg maTi gawveva ar SeuZliaT. parlamentis 

wevrebi aseve sargebloben garkveuli xelSeuxeblobiT. kerZod, 

parlamentis wevris dapatimreba, misi binis gaCxreka da, danaSaulis faqtze 

waswrebis SemTxvevaSi, misi patimrobaSi datoveba mxolod sakanonmdeblo 

organos TanxmobiT SeiZleba. parlamentis wevrs ufleba aqvs, Cveneba 

ar misces im faqtis gamo, romelic mas gaandes, rogorc parlamentis 

wevrs, da is pasuxisgebaSi ar miecema Tavisi movaleobis Sesrulebisas 


gamoTqmuli azrebisa da SexedulebebisaTvis. parlamentis wevris uflebamosilebaTa 

ganxorcielebisTvis xelis SeSla isjeba kanoniT. 14 

kanonis Tanaxmad, gadawyvetilebebs sakanonmdeblo organos Sida saqmianobis 

Sesaxeb Tavad parlamenti iRebs, xolo am procesSi arajerovani 

gareSe Careva daSvebuli ar aris. parlamenti irCevs parlamentis Tavmjdomaresa 

da Tavmjdomaris moadgileebs. 15 parlamentis Tavmjdomare niSnavs 

parlamentis aparatis ufrossa da aparatis SemadgenlobaSi Semavali 

departamentebisa da samsaxurebis xelmZRvanelebs. 16 parlamentis muSaobis 

ganrigi Camoyalibebulia parlamentis reglamentSi, Tumca deputatebs 

SeuZliaT, ganrigi kenWisyriT Secvalon. 17 sakanonmdeblo organo amtkicebs 

sakuTar dRis wesrigs, romelsac parlamentis biuro adgens. prezidents 

da ministrTa kabinets SeuZliaT, moiTxovon cvlilebebis Setana 

parlamentis dRis wesrigSi, rasac sakanonmdeblo organo kenWisyriT 

amtkicebs. 18 parlamentis sagangebo sxdomis mowvevis uflebamosileba prezidents 

ekuTvnis. Tumca deputatTa aranakleb erTi meoTxeds SeuZlia, 

prezidents sagangebo sxdomis mowvevis moTxovniT mimarTos da, miuxedavad 

imisa, moiwvevs Tu ara prezidenti oficialurad aseT sxdomas, sakanonmdeblo 

organos wevrebi aseTi moTxovnis wardgenidan 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi 

unda Seikribon. 19 

parlaments kanonproeqtis ganxilvisas SeuZlia, ar gaiTvaliswinos prezidentis 

SeniSvnebi da kanonproeqtis Tavdapirveli redaqcia siiTi Semadgenlobis 

sami mexuTedis mxardaWeriT daamtkicos. 20 

Teoriulad, parlamentis damoukideblobas SeiZleba is garemoeba zRudavdes, 

rom konstitucia prezidents garkveul pirobebSi sakanonmdeblo 

organos daTxovnis uflebas aZlevs. prezidents am uflebiT sargebloba 

Semdeg viTarebaSi SeuZlia: Tu parlamenti biujetis kanonproeqts mTavrobis 

mier misi wardgenidan sami Tvis vadaSi ar daamtkicebs; Tu parlamenti 

mTavrobis Semadgenlobas da mis samTavrobo programas samjer 

zedized ar daamtkicebs; an Tu mTavrobis Semadgenloba ver miiRebs parlamentis 

ndobas. 21 konstitucia prezidentis uflebamosilebaze damatebiT 

SezRudvebsac awesebs: prezidents parlamentis daTxovnis ufleba ar 

aqvs saparlamento arCevnebis Catarebidan 6 Tvis vadaSi da prezidentis 

uflebamosilebis vadis bolo 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, aseve parlamentis 

mier prezidentis impiCmentis proceduris ganxorcielebisas da sagangebo 

an saomari mdgomareobis dros. 22 

2011 

damoukidebloba (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad Tavisufalia sakanonmdeblo organo gare aqtorebis daqvemdebarebisgan 

praqtikaSi? 

miuxedavad imisa, rom sakanonmdeblo TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos parlamentis 

damoukidebloba ZiriTadad uzrunvelyofilia, amJamindel po- 

37 

14 saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxli 52. 




18 iqve, muxlebi 131-132. 



21 iqve, muxlebi 80, 81, 93. 

22 iqve, muxli 51 (1). 


23 Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2010, http:// 

www.freedomhouse.eu/images/Reports/NIT- 

2010-Georgia-final.pdf, (nanaxia 2010 wlis 2 

maiss). 

24 Tamar CugoSvilis interviu avtorTan; 

levan vefxvaZis interviu avtorTan. 

25 `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ mimowera parlamentis wevr 

Ciora TaqTaqiSvilTan, 2011 wlis 9 ivnisi. 

26 iqve. 


levan vefxvaZis interviu avtorTan; ori 

saparlamento eqspertis interviu 

avtorTan. 


38 

litikur viTarebaSi, rodesac saparlamento mandatebis did umravlesobas 

prezidentis partia akontrolebs, misi faqtobrivi damoukidebloba 

SezRudulia. 

sakanonmdeblo organos Semadgenloba mas aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis 

an ministrTa kabinetisgan realuri damoukideblobis mopovebis saSualebas 

ar aZlevs, radganac prezidentis partia sapalamento mandatebis 

daaxloebiT 80 procents flobs. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom qarTuli 

politikuri partiebis moqmedeba TiTqmis mTlianad maTi liderebis nebazea 

damokidebuli (rac ufro dawvrilebiT iqneba ganxiluli politikuri 

partiebis Sesaxeb TavSi), parlamentis aseTi Semadgenloba Zalze 

amcirebs mis SesaZleblobas, aRmasrulebeli Stosgan damoukideblad 

imoqmedos. amis gamo, organizacia Freedom House askvnis, rom „mmarTveli 

partiis mier parlamentis kontroli asustebs sakanonmdeblo Stos unars, 

Seakavos aRmasrulebeli Sto.“ 23 parlamentis Tavmjdomaris opozicioneri 

moadgilisa da erT-erTi wamyvani qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciis 

warmomadgenlis mosazrebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom aRmasrulebeli Stos 

mxridan pirdapiri da Ria Carevis SemTxvevebs adgili ar hqonia, es Ziri- 

Tadad mTavrobis nebisadmi parlamentis nebayoflobiTi morCilebiT aris 

ganpirobebuli. bolo wlebSi parlaments erTi kanonic ar miuRia mTavrobis 

nebis sawinaaRmdegod. 24 Tumca, rogorc saparlamento umravlesobis 

erT-erTi wevri acxadebs, aRmasrulebeli Stos mier wardgenili mravali 

kanonproeqti sakanonmdeblo organos mier damtkicebamde arsebiT cvlilebebs 

ganicdis. amis magaliTad is asaxelebs 2011 wels damtkicebul kanonproeqts, 

romelic garemos dacvis saministros reorganizacias exeboda. 

25 

kanonproeqtebis umravlesobis inicireba sakanonmdeblo organoSi xdeba. 

magaliTad, 2010 wels miRebuli kanonebis 57.5 procenti parlamentis 

mier (komitetis, fraqciis an erTi deputatis mier) iyo inicirebuli, maTi 

39 procentis inicireba ministrTa kabinetma moaxdina, 3.5 procentisa ki 

– prezidentma. 26 zogma eqspertma, romelsac `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, gamoTqva mosazreba, rom es SemcdomaSi Semyvani 

statistikuri monacemebia, radgan saparlamento umravlesoba Cveulebriv 

kanonproeqtebis inicirebas mxolod aRmasrulebeli Stos iribi TanxmobiT 

axdens. 27 

parlaments SeuZlia, mTeli rigi uflebamosilebebi sxva saxelmwifo an 

arasaxelmwifo organoebis Carevis gareSe ganaxorcielos. sakanonmdeblo 

organo Tavad irCevs parlamentis Tavmjdomares da komitetebis Tavmjdomareebs 

da niSnavs teqnikur personals, aseve Tavad gansazRvravs saku- 

Tar dRis wesrigsa da ganrigs. 28 

gamWvirvaloba (kanoni) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebas SeeZlos 

Sesabamisi informaciis droulad mopoveba sakanonmdeblo organos 

saqmianobisa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesis Sesaxeb? 


zogadad, konstitucia da parlamentis reglamenti saTanado debulebebs 

Seicavs, romlebic sakanonmdeblo organos saqmianobasTan dakavSirebul 

informaciaze sazogadoebis wvdomas uzrunvelyofs, Tumca, kanonmdeblobaSi 

mniSvnelovani xarvezebia parlamentis sxdomebisa da Tavad parlamentis 

Sesaxeb garkveuli informaciis sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomobis 

mxriv. 

konstitucia acxadebs, rom parlamentis sxdomebi sajaroa, garda gansakuTrebuli 

SemTxvevebisa, rodesac deputatebi daxurul sxdomas mar- 

Taven. sxdomebis oqmebi (garda im oqmebisa, romlebic saidumlo sakiTxebs 

exeba) parlamentis beWdviT organoSi unda gamoqveyndes. 29 parlamentis 

reglamentis mixedviT, plenaruli sxdomebi tele-radio translaciiT 

unda gadaices. sainformacio saSualebebis akreditirebul warmomadgenlebs 

ufleba aqvT, sxdomebs daeswron. iseTi sakiTxebis ganxilvisas, romlebic 

saidumloebis dacvas saWiroebs, prezidents, parlamentis Tavmjdomares, 

premier-ministrs, ministrTa kabinetis wevrsa da parlamentis 

komitets an fraqcias SeuZliaT, daayenon parlamentis plenaruli sxdomis 

an misi nawilis daxurulad gamocxadebis sakiTxi. gadawyvetileba miRebulad 

CaiTvleba, Tu mas mxars dauWers sxdomaze damswreTa deputatTa 

umravlesoba. 30 

parlamentis reglamenti moiTxovs, rom mas Semdeg, rac sakanonmdeblo 

organo kanonproeqtis ganxilvis proceduras oficialurad daiwyebs, 

kanonproeqti parlamentis veb-gverdze gamoqveyndes (Tumca gamoqveynebis 

konkretuli vada miTiTebuli ar aris). kenWisyris Sedegebi unda gamoqveyndes 

parlamentis beWdviT organoSi da ganTavsdes mis veb-gverdze. 

parlamentis dadgenileba, rezolucia, gancxadeba da mimarTva, aseve 

kanoni da ratificirebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba, unda gamoqveyndes 

parlamentis veb-gverdze. rodesac parlamentis sagamoZiebo komisia 

mis daskvnebs ganixilavs, ganxilva unda gadaices tele-radio translaciiT. 

31 yvela sajaro moxelis (maT Soris, parlamentis wevrebis) qonebrivi 

deklaracia xelmisawvdomi unda iyos nebismieri dainteresebuli piris- 

Tvis an organizaciisTvis. 32 

kanonmdebloba araerT debulebas Seicavs, romlebic sazogadoebas mis 

warmomadgenlebze pirdapiri wvdomis saSualebas aZlevs. parlamentis 

reglamentis Tanaxmad, sakanonmdeblo organos wevrebi valdebulni arian, 

miiRon moqalaqeebi da upasuxon maT kiTxvebs. kerZo pirebsa da organizaciebs 

ufleba aqvT, mimarTon parlaments, mis sxvadasxva organoebs an 

calkeul deputatebs. moqalaqeTa gancxadebebsa da saCivrebze reagirebisTvis 

parlamentis mTavar SenobaSi iqmneba specialuri struqturuli 

qvedanayofi – moqalaqeTa sazogadoebrivi misaRebi. parlamentis organoebi 

da aparati valdebulni arian, moqalaqeebis saCivrebsa da gancxadebebs 

erTi Tvis vadaSi gascen pasuxi. parlamentis wevrebi da aparatis TanamSromlebi 

valdebulni arian, rom yovel orSabaTs xuTi saaTi moqalaqeebTan 

SexvedrebisTvis gamoyon. parlamentis Tavmjdomare valdebulia, 

moqalaqeebi miiRos, Tu maT mier gancxadebebsa da saCivrebSi dasmuli 

sakiTxebi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania an Tu parlamentis Sesabamis 

2011 

39 



31 iqve, muxli 67, 142, 148, 163. 



Sesaxeb~, miRebulia 1997 wlis 17 

oqtombers, muxli 18. 


33 parlamentis reglamenti, muxlebi 205-209. 

34 iqve, muxlebi 48, 136. 




Tamar CugoSvilis interviu avtorTan; 





40 

organoebs an deputatebs maT gancxadebesa da saCivrebze pasuxi ar gauciaT. 

33 

miuxedavad imisa, rom parlamentis gamWvirvalobas kanonmdeblobis araerTi 

debuleba iTvaliswinebs, bevri maTgani sakmarisad mkafio da pirdapiri 

ar aris. magaliTad, parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, parlamentis 

sxdomebs SeiZleba daewron sazogadoebis da mediis warmomadgenlebi. 34 

amgvarad, miuxedavad imisa, rom, Teoriulad, kanonis debulebebi sazogadoebas 

da medias parlamentis sxdomebze daswrebis uflebas aZlevs, arsebiTad, 

am sakiTxs Tanamdebobis pirebi wyveten da ar arsebobs kanonis arc 

erTi mkafio debuleba, romelic sazogadoebis garantirebul wvdomas uzrunvelyofs. 

amasTan erTad, marTalia, reglamenti moiTxovs, rom komitetebis 

sxdomebis dro da dRis wesrigi parlamentis veb-gverdze sxdomamde 

ori dRiT adre gamoqveyndes, 35 magram plenarul sxdomebTan dakavSirebiT 

msgavsi debulebebi ar arsebobs. amasTanave, reglamentSi kanonproeqtebis 

veb-gverdze ganTavsebis konkretuli vada miTiTebuli ar aris. 

da bolos, kanoni mTlianad parlaments misi saqmianobis amsaxveli angari- 

Sebis momzadebis da gamoqveynebis moTxovnas ar uwesebs. yovelwliuri 

angariSebis wardgena yoveli saSemodgomo sesiis dawyebisas mxolod komitetebs 

evalebaT. 36 

gamWvirvaloba (praqtika) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad SeuZlia praqtikaSi sazogadoebas sakanonmdeblo organos 

saqmianobasa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesze Sesabamisi informaciis 

droulad mopoveba? 

zogadad, sazogadoeba parlamentis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebul informaciaze 

Tavisufali da SeuzRudavi wvdomiT sargeblobs, Tumca, zog Sem- 

TxvevaSi, parlamenti sakuTari iniciativiT garkveuli tipis informacias 

droulad ar aqveynebs. 

eqspertebi, romlebsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

Tanxmdebian, rom media da samoqalaqo sazogadoeba parlamentze 

SeuzRudavi wvdomiT sargebloben da misi saqmianobis Sesaxeb informaciis 

mopoveba Tavisuflad SeuZliaT. plenaruli da komitetebis sxdomebi „sazogadoebrivi 

mauwyeblis“ meore arxiT gadaicema. kanonis debulebaTa 

bundovanebis miuxedavad, praqtikaSi, Jurnalistebs, arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis warmomadgenlebsa da moqalaqeebs plenarul da komitetebis 

sxdomebze daswreba SeuZlia parlamentSi arsebobs specialuri departamenti, 

romlis mizans moqalaqeebis mier wardgenil sajaro informaciis 

moTxovnis ganacxadebze reagireba warmoadgens, da Seqmnilia sistema, 

romelic sakanonmdeblo organos mier miRebuli yvela ganacxadis moZiebis 

saSualebas iZleva. 38 amis Sedegad, parlamenti, rogorc wesi, moqalaqeTa 

kiTxvebze droulad reagirebs. 39 


parlamentis veb-gverdi (www.parliament.ge) ZiriTadad ganaxlebadia da 

moicavs mimdinare ambebis ganyofilebas, yoveldRiur da yovelkvireul 

cnobebs, sxvadasxva aqtivobebis ganrigebs (maT Soris, komitetebis sxdomebis 

TariRebsa da dRis wesrigebs) da miRebuli kanonebisa da kenWisyris 

Sedegebis monacemTa bazebs, aseve, amomwurav informacias komitetebis, 

fraqciebisa da parlamentis aparatis Sesaxeb. parlamentis wevrebis qonebrivi 

deklaraciebi, sxva sajaro moxeleTa qonebriv deklaraciebTan 

erTad, xelmisawvdomia sajaro samsaxuris biuros veb-gverdze. 40 

amis miuxedavad, parlamentis muSaobis gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebiT 

ramdenime problema arsebobs. maTgan yvelaze TvalSisacemi is aris, rom 

kanonproeqtebi parlamentis veb-gverdze yovelTvis droulad ar qveyndeba. 

„saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis“ saparlamento mdivanma 

ganmarta, rom kanonproeqtebi oficialuri moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi 

dainteresebuli mxareebisTvis yovelTvis xelmisawvdomi xdeba, magram 

radgan sajaro informaciis miRebis procedura daaxloebiT 10 dRe grZeldeba, 

xSirad kanonebs manam amtkiceben, sanam ganmcxadebeli kanonproeqts 

miiRebs. 41 veb-gverdze aseve ar aris ganTavsebuli zogierTi sxva tipis 

informacia, rogoricaa biujetebi, xarjvis Sesaxeb angariSebi, sxdomebis 

stenogramebi da komitetebis uaxlesi wliuri angariSebi. rogorc parlamentis 

erT-erTma Tanamdebobis pirma ganmarta, sxdomebis stenogramebisa 

da kenWisyris Sedegebis SemTxvevaSi, monacemebis raodenoba imdenad didia, 

rom maTi avtomaturad veb–gverdze ganTavseba wminda teqnikuri TvalsazrisiT 

problemebs ukavSirdeba. amis miuxedavad, man aRniSna, rom aRniSnuli 

informacia dainteresebuli organizaciebisa da kerZo pirebis- 

Tvis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi yovelTvis xelmisawvdomia. 42 es kvlevis damo- 

ukidebelma respondentebmac daadastures. 

praqtikuli testebis farglebSi, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ 

parlaments sajaro informaciis moTxovnis 16 ganacxadi gaugzavna 

(organizaciam parlamentis oTxi komiteti SearCia da TiToeuls oTxoTxi 

ganacxadi gaugzavna). saerTo jamSi, parlamentis reagireba sakmaod 

damakmayofilebeli iyo: parlamentis organoebisTvis gagzavnili 16 ganacxadidan 

14 SemTxvevaSi sruli informacia iqna mowodebuli, erTi ganacxadi 

sxva saxelmwifo organoze sworad iqna gadamisamarTebuli. parlamentma 

informacia mxolod erT SemTxvevaSi ar gasca (ganacxadi upasuxod 

iqna datovebuli). unda aRiniSnos, rom sxvadasxva komitetebisTvis gagzavnil 

bevr kiTxvas pasuxi parlamentis saorganizacio departamentis ufrosma 

gasca, rac imaze miuTiTebs, rom sakanonmdeblo organos sajaro 

informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebze reagirebis kargad Camoyalibeuli 

sistema aqvs Seqmnili. 

2011 

angariSvaldebuleba (kanoni) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba imas, rom sakanonmdeblo 

organo angariSvaldebuli iyos mis saqmianobaze? 

41 

40 www.declaration.ge 





44 saqarTvelos kanoni „sakonstitucio 

sasamarTlos Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1996 

wlis 31 ianvars, muxli 19. 

45 parlamentis reglamenti, muxli 13, 18, 128. 




42 

kanonmdebloba mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs, romelTa mizani parlamentis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofaa. am sferoSi yvelaze didi xarvezebi 

im debulebebs ukavSirdeba, romlebic sakanonmdeblo procesSi sazogadoebis 

azris gaTvaliswinebas sakmarisad kategoriulad ar moiTxovs. 

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo uflebamosilia, ganixilos kanonebisa da sxva 

sakanonmdeblo aqtebis konstituciasTan Sesabamisobis sakiTxi. 43 mas aseve 

SeuZlia, ganixilos axali kanonebisa da normatiuli aqtebis miRebis procesis 

konstituciasTan Sesabamisoba. 44 

parlamentis reglamenti Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romlebic parlamentis 

wevrebis amomrCevelTa winaSe angariSvaldebulebas iTvaliswinebs. 

parlamentis wevrebi valdebulni arian, Sexvdnen moqalaqeebs da upasuxon 

maT saCivrebsa da gancxadebebs. maT aseve evalebaT, 6 TveSi erTxel mainc 

wardgnen amomrCevelTa winaSe da miawodon informacia rogorc piradad 

maTi, ise mTlianad parlamentis saqmianobis Sesaxeb. erTmandatiani olqebidan 

arCeuli maJoritari deputatebi valdebulni arian, maT olqebSi 

Seqmnan biuro, romelic maT moqalaqeebTan urTierTobas gaaadvilebs. 

amasTan erTad, maT parlamentis yoveli sxdomis pirveli kvira amomrCevlebTan 

Sexvedrebs unda dauTmon. 45 

rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, parlamentis wevrebi konstituciis mixedviT garkveuli 

imunitetiT sargebloben: parlamentis wevris dapatimreba da misi 

binis an ofisis gaCxreka parlamentis Tanxmobis gareSe ar SeiZleba. erTaderTi 

gamonaklisia parlamentis wevris danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze dapatimrebis 

SemTxveva. aseT SemTxvevaSi, samarTaldamcavebma amis Sesaxeb 

dauyovnebliv unda acnobon parlaments da, Tu sakanonmdeblo organo 

mis patimrobaSi datovebaze Tanxmobas ar ganacxadebs, dapatimrebuli 

deputati unda gaaTavisuflon. 46 mniSvnelovania, rom parlamentis wevri 

pasuxisgebaSi ar miecema Tavisi movaleobis Sesrulebisas parlamentSi Tu 

mis gareT gamoTqmuli azrebisa da SexedulebebisTvis. amasTan erTad, 

parlamentis reglamenti acxadebs, rom, parlamentis wevris dapatimrebaze 

parlamentis Tanxmobis micemis SemTxvevaSi, dapatimrebul parlamentis 

wevrs unda SeuCerdes uflebamosileba sisxlis samarTlis saqmis Sewyvetamde 

an sasamarTlos mier ganaCenis gamotanamde. 47 

parlamentis an misi calkeuli wevrebis gadawyvetilebebis da qmedebebis 

Sesaxeb wardgenil saCivrebze reagirebis specialuri menqanizmi ar arsebobs, 

magram maTi gasaCivreba SesaZlebelia sasamarTloSi. 

kanonis debulebebi, romlebic sakanonmdeblo sakiTxebSi sazogadoebis 

azris gaTvaliswinebas Seexeba, aradamakmayofilebelia. sakanonmdeblo 

muSaobis ganmavlobaSi sazogadoebis azris gaTvaliswineba nebayoflobi- 

Tia da ara savaldebulo. parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, komitetebSi 

kanonproeqtebis ganxilvis dros sxdomaze „SeiZleba mowveul iqnen“ sazogadoebis 

dainteresebuli warmomadgenlebi da mieceT sityviT gamosvlis 

ufleba. 48 parlamentis reglamenti aseve adgens, rom parlamentSi wardgenil 

kanonproeqtebs Tan unda axldes saxelmwifo, arasamTavrobo da 


saerTaSoriso organizaciebis an eqspertebis nusxa, romelTac kanonproeqtebis 

momzadebis procesSi konsultaciisTvis mimarTes, magram mxolod 

maSin, Tu aseTi konsultacia Sedga, rac imaze mianiSnebs, rom konsultacia 

savaldebulo ar aris. 49 sakanonmdeblo organos mxolod maSin ekisreba 

pirdapiri valdebuleba, uzrunvelyos kanonproeqtis sayovelTao-saxalxo 

ganxilva, rodesac saqme konstituciis damatebebs exeba, Tumca, am Sem- 

TxvevaSic, konstituciis moTxovna sakmaod orazrovania da parlaments 

namdvili sazogadoebrivi ganxilvis Tavidan acilebis saSualebas aZlevs. 50 

parlamentis yvela komiteti valdebulia, Seqmnas samecniero-sakonsultacio 

sabWo, romelic komitetis Tavmjdomaris mier daniSnuli Sesabamisi 

sferos eqspertebisgan Sedgeba. 51 amis miuxedavad, am sabWoebis zusti funqcia 

kanoniT mkafiod gansazRvruli ar aris. 

2011 

angariSvaldebuleba (praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad angariSvaldebulni arian sakanonmdeblo organo da misi 

wevrebi TavianT saqmianobaze praqtikaSi? 

is garemoeba, rom kanoni parlaments sazogadoebis azris gaTvaliswinebis 

mkafio da pirdapir valdebulebas ar uwesebs, praqtikazec aisaxeba. parlamenti 

da misi komitetebi zogjer cdiloben kanonproeqtebis ganxilvaSi 

sazogadoebis CarTvas, magram es regularulad ar xdeba. parlamentis 

wevrebi aseve garkveulwilad cdiloben angariSi Caabaron sakuTar amomr- 

Cevlebs, Tumca Tanamimdevruli xasiaTi arc am mcdelobebs aqvs. 

parlamentis erT-erTma maRali Tanamdebobis pirma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom parlamentis komitetebi, Cveulebriv, 

maTTan arsebul sabWoebs (romlebic eqspertebisa da samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebisgan Sedgeba) konsultaciisTvis mimarTaven 

da aRniSna, rom konsultaciebis intensiuroba, zogadad, damokidebulia 

im interesis xarisxze, romelsac gansaxilveli kanonproeqti sazogadoebaSi 

iwvevs. 52 kidev erTi eqspertis mosazrebiT, romelsac „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, miuxedavad imisa, rom parlamenti 

ar ewinaaRmdegeba da xandaxan Tavadac cdilobs samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

CarTvas kanonproeqtebis ganxilvaSi, am praqtikas arc regularuli 

xasiaTi aqvs da arc Tanmimdevruli. 53 sazogadoebis azris gaTvliswinebas 

yvela komitetSi Tanabar mniSvnelobas ar aniWeben. is garemoeba, rom 

parlamenti xSirad kanonproeqtis miRebamde mis ganxilvas mcire dros 

uTmobs, aseve mniSvnelovnad zRudavs sazogadoebis CarTvis SesaZleblobas. 

54 amave dros, sazogadoebis CarTulobis nakleboba, nawilobriv mainc, 

SeiZleba qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis inertulobas mivaweroT, 

radgan im samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv organizaciaTa raodenoba, romlebic 

sakanonmdeblo process Tvals regularurad adevneben da masSi aqtiurad 

monawileoben, Zalze mcirea. 55 

mTlianad parlaments kanoniT farTo sazogadoebisTvis angariSis wardgenis 

valdebuleba ar ekisreba. Tumca, rogorc am angariSis gamWvirva- 

43 







avtorTan. 




ori saparlamento eqspertis interviu 

avtorTan. 

57 levan vefxvaZis interviu avtorTan. 


44 

lobis (praqtika) Sesaxeb qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, sakanonmdeblo organo 

sazogadoebis informirebas kargad axdens, maT Soris, veb-gverdis meSveobiTac. 

maJoritari deputatebi, romelTac amomrCevlebis winaSe angariSgeba kanoniT 

evalebaT, am mxriv garkveul RonisZiebebs mimarTaven, magram angariSvaldebulebis 

procedurebs Tanmimdevrulad ar atareben. „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ mier Catarebul mTel rig interviuebSi 

respondentebi acxadebdnen, rom deputatebi saarCevno kampaniebis 

dros amomrCevlebTan aqtiurad urTierToben, magram arasaarCevno periodSi 

am mxriv maTi aqtiuroba bevrad naklebia. 56 rogorc parlamentis 

Tavmjdomaris moadgile levan vefxvaZe acxadebs, zogadad, maJoritari 

deputatebi amomrCevlebTan kavSiris SenarCunebas kargad axerxeben, radgan 

maT kanoni TavianT saarCevno olqebSi ofisebis sabiujeto saxsrebiT 

gaxsnis saSualebas aZlevs. Tavmjdomaris moadgilem ganacxada, rom kargi 

iqneboda, msgavsi debuleba parlamentis fraqciebisTvisac moqmedebdes, 

raTa imave resursebze xeli partiuli siiT arCeul deputatebsac miuwvdebodeT. 

57 

keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebi (kanoni) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad arsebobs sakanonmdeblo meqanizmebi, romlebic sakanonmdeblo 

organos wevrTa keTilsindisierebas uzrunvelyofs? 

ramdenime mcire xarvezs Tu ar CavTvliT, arsebuli kanonmdebloba parlamentis 

wevrTa keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelsayofad adeqvatur debulebebs 

Seicavs. qveyanaSi ar arsebobs parlamentis wevrTa qcevis kodeqsi 

an raime normebi, romlebic parlaments an romelime damoukidebel organos 

parlamentis wevrTa mier eTikis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis 

ganxilvis uflebamosilebas mianiWebs. Tumca konstitucia da sxva kanonebi 

mraval debulebas Seicavs, romelTa mizani parlamentis wevrTa keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelyofaa. 

konstitucia parlamentis wevrebs saxelmwifo samsaxurSi sxva Tanamdebobis 

dakavebas da samewarmeo saqmianobas ukrZalavs. deputatebs, romlebic 

am debulebas daarRveven, parlamentis wevris uflebamosileba unda 

SeuwydeT. 58 

kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“ 

Tanamdebobis pirTa, maT Soris parlamentis wevrTa, keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelsayofad mTel rig wesebs adgens. Tanamdebobis pirTa 

mier wlis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli saCuqrebis mTliani Rirebuleba maTi 

wliuri xelfasis 15 procents ar unda aRematebodes, xolo TiToeuli 

saCuqris Rirebuleba wliuri xelfasis 5 procentze meti ar unda iyos. 

kanonis mixedviT, saCuqari ganmartebulia, rogorc Tanamdebobis piris- 

Tvis an misi ojaxis wevrebisTvis usasyidlod an SeRavaTiani pirobebiT 


gadacemuli qoneba an momsaxureba, aseve qonebrivi valdebulebisgan sruli 

an nawilobrivi gaTavisufleba, rac zogadi wesis gamonakliss warmoadgens. 

kanoni ramdenime gamonakliss Seicavs, radgan granti, stipendia 

da saxelmwifo jildo saCuqrad ar iTvleba. Tanamdebobis pirebs ekrZalebaT 

aqciebis an sawesdebo kapitalis wilis floba im sawarmoebSi, romelTa 

saqmianobis kontrolic maT uflebamosilebas ganekuTvneba. 59 

Tanamdebobis pirebs ufleba ar aqvT, moiTxovon anazRaureba im momsaxurebisTvis, 

romlis moqalaqeebisTvis gaweva maT samsaxureobrivad evalebaT. 

Tanamdebobis pirTa ojaxis wevrebzec msgavsi SezRudvebi vrceldeba. 

Tanamdebobis pirs da mis axlo naTesavebs ufleba ar aqvT, dadon qonebrivi 

garigeba im saxazino dawesebulebasTan, romelSic mas Tanamdeboba 

ukavia. Tanamdebobis piris naTesavi ar SeiZleba dainiSnos misi samsaxureobrivi 

zedamxedvelobis qveS myof Tanamdebobaze, konkursis wesiT 

daniSvnis garda. 60 

amave kanonis mixedviT, Tanamdebobis pirebi valdebulni arian, sajaro 

samsaxuris biuroSi Tanamdebobis dakavebidan erTi Tvis vadaSi waradginon 

qonebrivi deklaracia. pirebi, romlebic kenWs iyrian saparlamento 

arCevnebSi, valdebulni arian, qonebrivi deklaracia kandidatad daregistrirebidan 

erTi kviris vadaSi waradginon. sajaro samsaxuris biurodan 

Tanamdebobis piris qonebrivi deklaraciis aslis miReba nebismier 

fizikur pirs an organizacias SeuZlia. Tanamdebobis pirebi, romlebic 

droulad ar waradgenen qonebriv deklaracias, eqvemdebarebian dajarimebas 

da, am moTxovnis ganmeorebiT darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, maTze aseve 

unda aRiZras sisxlis samarTlis saqme. 61 parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, 

parlamentis wevrTa qonebrivi deklaraciebi periodulad unda ganixilos 

parlamentis procedurul sakiTxTa da wesebis komitetma. 62 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, kanonmdeblobaSi ar arsebobs debulebebi, 

romlebic parlamentis wevrTa e.w. „gagrilebis“ periods exeba, roca isini 

parlamentis datovebis Semdeg kerZo seqtorSi gadasvlas gegmaven. kanoni 

„lobisturi saqmianobis Sesaxeb“ aseve Seicavs rig xarvezebs, romlebic 

xels uSlis parlamentis wevrTa da sajaro moxeleTa lobistebTan 

kavSirebis srul gamJRavnebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom parlamentis aparati 

valdebulia, awarmoos lobistTa reestri, 63 calkeul deputatebs maTi 

lobistebTan kavSirebis dafiqsireba an gamJRavneba ar evalebaT. sajaro 

moxeleebi (maT Soris, parlamentis wevrebi) valdebulni arian, werilobiT 

ganacxadon samewarmeo saqmianobaSi maTi piradi interesebis Sesaxeb 

Tanamdebobaze maTi daniSvnis an arCevisTanave an Semdgom – aseTi interesebis 

warmoSobis SemTxvevaSi. parlamentis wevrebs, romlebic werilobiT 

ganacxadeben aseTi interesebis Sesaxeb, ufleba aqvT (magram ar evalebaT), 

Tavi Sikavon Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtis ganxilvaSi monawileobisgan. 64 

2011 

keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebi (praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia kanonmdeblebis keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

45 



Sesaxeb,“ muxli 13. 

60 iqve, muxlebi 5, 9, 10, 13. 



Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 14, 19, 20. 


63 saqarTvelos kanoni „lobisturi 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1998 wlis 

30 seqtembers, muxli 5. 



65 Civil.ge, „parlamentma gia nucubiZes 

imuniteti mouxsna,“ 2006 wlis 28 

oqtomberi, http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id 

=14104&search=, (nanaxia 2011 wlis 15 

ivniss). 

66 Civil.ge, `valeri gelaSvils deputatis 

uflebamosileba Seuwyda,“ 2006 wlis 1 

aprili, http://www.civil.ge/geo/article. 

php?id=12223 (nanaxia 2010 wlis 30 aprils). 



69 http://www.csb.gov.ge 

46 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kanonmdebloba parlamentis wevrebs mTeli rigi 

antikorufciuli wesebis dacvas avaldebulebs, am wesebis darRvevisTvis 

kanonmdebelTa dasjis SemTxvevebis ricxvi Zalze mcirea. kamaTis sagania 

is, xsenebuli tendencia darRvevebis dabali sixSiris maniSnebelia Tu 

samarTaldamrRvev deputatTa dasjis politikuri nebis ararsebobisa. 

parlamentis wevris antikorufciuli wesebis darRvevis gamo dasjis 

ukanaskneli SemTxveva 2006 wlis oqtomberSi dafiqsirda, rodesac 

saparlamento umravlesobis wevri gia nucubiZe ganaTlebis ministris 

moadgilisTvis qrTamis SeTavazebis gamo sakanonmdeblo organodan garicxes 

(da daapatimres). 65 imave wels, opoziciuri „respublikuri partiis“ 

wevr valeri gelaSvils sadeputato uflebamosileba mas Semdeg Seuwyda, 

rac procedurul sakiTxTa da wesebis komitetma daadgina, rom is komerciul 

sawarmos marTavda da, Sesabamisad, mis TanamdebobasTan Seu- 

Tavsebel komerciul saqmianobaSi iyo Cabmuli. opoziciurma jgufebma 

maSin gamoTqves ukmayofileba, rom komitetis mier warmodgenili mtkicebulebebi 

arasrulyofili iyo da gelaSvili sinamdvileSi opoziciuri 

partiis wevrobis gamo daisaja. 66 

parlamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgilem, romelic opoziciis warmomadgenelia, 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom 

amJamindel parlamentSi arc erTi deputati saCuqrebTan, interesTa Seu- 

TavseblobasTan da a.S. dakavSirebuli antikorufciuli wesebis darRvevisTvis 

ar dasjila. misi mosazrebiT, es politikuri nebis ararsebobis 

Sedegia da ara imisa, rom parlamentis wevrebi xsenebul wesebs ar 

arRveven. 67 informaciis naklebobis gamo, am sakiTxze raime saboloo daskvnis 

gamotana Znelia. 

parlamentSi ramdenime lobistia registrirebuli, 68 Tumca, radgan parlamentis 

wevrebs kanoniT lobistebTan maTi kavSirebis dafiqsireba an 

gamJRavneba ar evalebaT, es arc praqtikaSi xorcieldeba. 

dadebiT mxares rac Seexeba, parlamentis wevrebis qonebrivi deklaraciebi 

sajaro samsaxuris biuros veb-gverdze qveyndeba da sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomia. 69 Tumca maTi sizustis gadamowmebis specialuri meqanizmi 

ar arsebobs. 

roli: aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedveloba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad axorcielebs sakanonmdeblo organo efeqtian zedamxedvelobas 

aRmasrulebel Stoze? 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT, saqarTvelos parlamenti aRmasrulebel Stoze 

zedamxedvelobis gansaxorcieleblad mTeli rigi mZlavri instrumentebiT 

aris aRWurvili. amis miuxedavad, am instrumentebis efeqtianad 

gamoyeneba praqtikaSi, rogorc wesi, ar xdeba, rac saparlamento umravle- 


sobasa da aRmasrulebel Stos Soris arsebuli mWidro kavSiriT aris 

ganpirobebuli. parlamentis zogadi uflebamosilebebi, romlebic aRmasrulebel 

Stoze zedamxedvelobas exeba, konstituciaSia Camoyalibebuli. 

parlamentis reglamentSi igive uflebamosilebebi ufro dawvrilebiT 

aris aRwerili. 

konstituciis mixedviT, parlamentis erT–erT mTavar funqcias aRmasrulebeli 

Stos saqmianobis kontroli warmoadgens. zedamxedvelobis ganxorcielebis 

mizniT parlamentSi saparlamento komitetebi iqmneba. amave 

dros, parlaments droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisiebis Seqmnac SeuZlia. parlamentis 

wevrebi uflebamosilni arian, kiTxvebiT mimarTon aRmasrulebeli 

Stos warmomadgenlebs, romlebic valdebulni arian, dasmul SekiTxvebs 

upasuxon. mTavrobis wevrebs aseve evalebaT, daeswron plenarul 

da komitetebis sxdomebs gamoZaxebis SemTxvevaSi, raTa upasuxon deputatebis 

kiTxvebs da waradginon angariSi gaweuli saqmianobis Sesaxeb. 70 

parlamentis reglamenti zedamxedvelobis funqcias parlamentis „konstituciur 

prerogativas“ uwodebs, romelic mas uflebamosilebas aniWebs, 

ganaxorcielos mTavrobisa da sxva organoebis, aseve mis winaSe angariSvaldebul 

Tanamdebobis pirebis, kontroli. parlamenti aseve uflebamosilia, 

ganaxorcielos zedamxedveloba aRmasrulebeli Stos mier miRebuli 

normatiuli aqtebis konstituciasTan da sxva kanonebTan Sesabamisobaze. 

71 

parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, rogorc calkeul deputatebs, ise 

parlamentis organoebs gaaCniaT uflebebi da uflebamosilebebi, romlebic 

maT sazedamxedvelo saqmianobis ganxorcielebaSi exmareba. aRmasrulebeli 

Stos organoebisTvis kiTxvebiT mimarTvis zemoxsenebuli uflebis 

garda, parlamentis wevrebs ufleba aqvT, isargeblon yvela saxis informaciiT, 

romelic aucilebelia maTi uflebamosilebis gansaxorcieleblad, 

Tu kanoniT sxva ram ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli. parlamentis wevrebs 

ufleba aqvT, monawileoba miiRon aRmasrulebeli Stos organoebis mu- 

SaobaSi da maT winaSe dasvan sakiTxebi arsebuli kanondarRvevebis Sesaxeb. 

maT aseve ufleba aqvT, Seuferxeblad Sevidnen yvela saxelmwifo organizaciaSi, 

kanoniT dadgenili gamonaklisebis garda. parlamentis Tavmjdomares 

ufleba aqvs, yvela saxis sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebaSi Sevides 

specialuri nebarTvis gareSe da aseve SeuZlia, rom es ufleba parlamentis 

nebismier sxva wevrs gadasces. parlamentis komitetebs ufleba 

aqvT, ganaxorcielon kontroli mTavrobisa da sakanonmdeblo organos 

winaSe angariSvaldebuli sxva organoebis saqmianobaze, gaecnon yvela saxis 

Sesabamis informacias da maTi daskvnebi warudginon parlaments. mTavrobis 

wevrebi da parlamentis winaSe angariSvaldebuli Tanamdebobis 

pirebi valdebulni arian, komitetebs droulad warudginon moTxovnili 

dokumentebi da, moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, daeswron komitetebis sxdomebs 

da upasuxon parlamentis wevrTa SekiTxvebs. 72 

prezidenti valdebulia, parlamentis winaSe wardges yovelwliuri moxsenebiT 

qveyanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 73 xolo premier-minist- 

2011 

47 

70 saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxlebi 48, 56, 

59, 60. 

71 parlamentis reglamenti, muxli 2-3, 202. 

72 iqve, muxlebi 15, 17, 42-44. 



74 parlamentis reglamenti, muxlebi 194-196. 

75 iqve, muxli 54-55, 58, 63-64, 67. 


48 

ri valdebulia, parlaments yovelwliurad warudginos angariSi mTavrobis 

programis Sesrulebis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb. sakanonmdeblo organos 

aseve SeuZlia, premier-ministrs mosTxovos riggareSe angariSis momzadeba, 

romelic moTxovnis miRebidan 15 dRis vadaSi unda iqnes wardgenili. 

74 

parlaments ufleba aqvs, Seqmnas droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisiebi, romelTac, 

parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, farTo uflebamosilebebi 

eniWebaT. droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisiebi iqmneba Tanamdebobis pirebis 

mier saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis savaraudo darRvevis faqtebis gamokvlevis 

an gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi sakiTxebis 

Seswavlis mizniT. parlaments aseve SeuZlia, Seqmnas antikorufciuli 

droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisia, romlis mizans korufciis savaraudo 

faqtebis gamokvleva warmoadgens. saparlamento umravlesobis warmomadgenloba 

droebiT sagamoZiebo komisiaSi komisiis wevrTa raodenobis 

naxevars ar unda aRematebodes. droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisiis moTxovnis 

SemTxvevaSi, mis sxdomaze gamocxadeba savaldebuloa. saxelmwifo 

organoebi, Tanamdebobis pirebi, organizaciebi da fizikuri pirebi 

valdebulni arian, moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, sagamoZiebo komisias warudginon 

sakiTxis gamokvlevisTvis saWiro masalebi. komisias aseve ufleba 

aqvs, gaecnos gamoZiebis stadiaSi arsebul sisxlis samarTlis saqmis masalebs. 

Tu sakiTxis Seswavlis Sedegad kanonmdeblobis darRvevebi gamovlindeba, 

sagamoZiebo komisias ufleba aqvs, darRvevebis aRkveTis da maTze 

reagirebis moTxovniT mimarTos Sesabamis saxelmwifo organos, romelmac 

Semdeg komisias unda acnobos gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb. sagamo- 

Ziebo komisias ufleba aqvs, dasvas sakiTxi misi erT-erTi wevrisTvis saqarTvelos 

teritoriaze moqmed sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi specialuri 

nebarTvis gareSe Sesvlis uflebis miniWebis Sesaxeb. komisia 

aseve uflebamosilia, parlamentis winaSe dasvas winadadeba impiCmentis 

wesiT Tanamdebobis piris gadayenebis proceduris dawyebis Sesaxeb. 75 

parlamenti uflebamosilia, gavlena moaxdinos saxelmwifo biujetis 

formirebaze da dawvrilebiT Seiswavlos biujetis proeqti misi momzadebis 

yvela etapze. parlamentis reglamentis mixedviT, ministrTa kabinetis 

mier wardgenili saxelmwifo biujetis proeqti unda ganixilon parlamentis 

komitetebma da fraqciebma, aseve saparlamento umravlesobam 

da umciresobam. maT unda moamzadon daskvnebi, romlebic safinanso-sabiujeto 

komitetis gavliT unda gaegzavnos parlamentis Tavmjdomares, 

romelic maT mTavrobas gadaugzavnis. mTavrobam biujetis gadamuSavebuli 

proeqti parlaments plenarul sxdomaze gansaxilvelad unda warudginos. 

parlamentis igive jgufebma biujetis gadamuSavebul proeqtze 

maTi SeniSvnebi safinanso-sabiujeto komitetis gavliT parlamentis Tavmjdomares 

unda warudginon. Tavmjdomare maT isev mTavrobas ugzavnis, 

romelic biujetis saboloo redaqcias waradgens, romelsac plenarul 

sxdomaze kenWi unda eyaros. 76 

biujetis damtkicebis Semdeg, mTavrobam sakanonmdeblo organos misi 

Sesrulebis Sesaxeb yovelkvartaluri angariSebi unda warudginos. par- 


lamentis komitetebi kvartalSi erTxel ganixilaven angariSebis im nawils, 

romelic maT sferos exeba, da ufleba aqvT, rom aRmasrulebeli 

Stos organoebisgan biujetis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis 

wardgena moiTxovon. mTavrobam parlaments, sabiujeto wlis damTavrebidan 

ara ugvianes 3 Tvisa, dasamtkiceblad unda warudginos saxelmwifo 

biujetis Sesrulebis saboloo angariSi. Tu parlamenti angariSs ar 

daamtkicebs, prezidents ufleba aqvs, ministrTa kabineti daiTxovos. im 

SemTxvevaSi, Tu parlamentis sagamoZiebo komisia an saparlamento momxsenebeli 

sabiujeto saxsrebis arakanonieri xarjvis faqtebs gamoavlens, 

parlamenti aseve uflebamosilia, prezidents mimarTos sabiujeto saxsrebis 

xarjvis SeCerebis moTxovniT. 77 saxelmwifo biujetSi nebismieri 

cvlileba (umniSvnelo gamonaklisebis garda) saWiroebs biujetis kanonSi 

cvlilebis an damatebis Setanas, rasac, Sesabamisad, parlamentis Tanxmoba 

sWirdeba. 78 

aRmasrulebel Stoze saparlamento zedamxedvelobis kidev erTi saSualeba, 

romelsac konstitucia iTvaliswinebs, premier-ministrisa da ministrTa 

kabinetis wevrebis daniSvnas exeba. premier-ministris kandidaturas 

(saparlamento fraqciebTan konsulaciebis Semdeg) prezidenti waradgens, 

xolo premier-ministrobis kandidati (prezidentTan SeTanxmebiT) waradgens 

ministrTa kabinetis wevrebis kandidaturebs. amgvarad, parlamenti 

ministrTa kabinetis TanamdebobebisTvis kandidaturebis SerCevaSi mniSvnelovan 

rols ar asrulebs, Tumca mas SeuZlia, prezidentis mier wardgenili 

ministrTa kabinetis Semadgenloba ar daamtkicos. Tu ministrTa 

kabinetis Semadgenlobas parlamenti samjer zedized ar daamtkicebs, prezidents 

SeuZlia, sakanonmdeblo organo daiTxovos da premier-ministri 

erTpirovnulad daniSnos. am SemTxvevaSi, premier-ministri ministrebs 

parlamentis Tanxmobis gareSe daniSnavs. 79 

parlamenti uflebamosilia, mTavrobas undobloba gamoucxados, Tumca 

prezidents SuZlia, parlamentis gadawyvetilebas ar daeTanxmos. amasTan, 

Tu parlamenti mTavrobas undoblobas momdevno 100 dRis ganmavlobaSic 

gamoucxadebs, prezidentma arCevani mTavrobis gadayenebasa da parlamentis 

daTxovnas Soris unda gaakeTos. sakanonmdeblo organos aseve SeuZlia, 

mTavrobas „upirobo undobloba“ gamoucxados. aseTi dadgenilebis 

miRebas parlamentis sruli Semadgenlobis sami mexuTedis Tanxmoba sWirdeba 

da is prezidents mTavrobis gadayenebis garda sxva arCevans ar utovebs. 

80 

parlamenti aseve uflebamosilia, xmaTa ubralo umravlesobiT premier– 

ministris winaSe calkeuli ministrebis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi dasvas. 

aseT SemTxvevaSi, premier-ministrma an konkretuli ministri unda gaaTavisuflos 

an parlaments motivirebuli uari warudginos. 81 

parlamenti Tavmjdomaris wardginebiT irCevs kontrolis palatis (umaRlesi 

auditoruli dawesebuleba) Tavmjdomares. 82 parlamenti aseve irCevs 

saxalxo damcvels. am postze kandidaturebis wamoyenebis ufleba prezidents, 

parlamentis fraqciebsa da eqvsi an meti deputatisgan Semdgar 

2011 

49 

77 iqve, muxlebi 233–235. momxsenebeli 

parlamentis, biuros an romelime 

komitetis mier daniSnuli deputatia, 

romelsac mniSvnelovani sakiTxis Seswavla 

da Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebis proeqtis 

momzadeba evaleba. 

78 saqarTvelos sabiujeto kodeqsi, muxli 

40. 







84 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 2001 wlis 2 agvistos, muxli 

27. 



87 saqarTvelos kanoni „saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 2005 wlis 

20 aprils, muxli 4. 

50 

jgufebs aqvT. 83 amave dros, 2009 wels saarCevno kodeqsSi Sesuli cvlilebebis 

Sedegad, sakanonmdeblo organo centraluri saarCevno komisiis 

Tavmjdomaris daniSvnaSi araviTar rols aRar asrulebs. (saarCevno komisiis 

Tavmjdomares saarCevno komisiis wevrebi irCeven, romelTac prezidentis 

wardginebiT politikuri partiebi niSnaven). 84 

konstitucia parlaments prezidentis impiCmentis wesiT gadayenebis uflebasac 

aZlevs. impiCmentis sakiTxis aRZvrisTvis parlamentis wevrTa 

erTi meoTxedis Tanxmobaa saWiro, ris Semdeg saqme gansaxilvelad uzenaes 

sasamarTlos gadaecema (an Tu sakiTxi konstituciis darRvevas exeba – 

sakonstitucio sasamarTlos). Tu sasamarTlo daadasturebs, rom prezidentma 

kanoni daarRvia, parlamenti ubralo umravlesobiT iRebs gadawyvetilebas, 

rom kenWisyraze prezidentis impiCmentis wesiT gadayenebis 

sakiTxi daisvas; Tavad impiCmentis gadawyvetilebis miRebas ki parlamentis 

sruli Semadgenlobis ori mesamedis mxardaWera sWirdeba. Tu 30 dRis 

vadaSi parlamentma impiCmentis gadawyvetileba ar miiRo, mas erTi wlis 

ganmavlobaSi prezidentisTvis imave braldebis wardgena ekrZaleba. prezidentis 

impiCmentis wesiT gadayeneba dauSvebelia sagangebo an saomari 

mdgomareobis dro. 85 parlamenti uflebamosilia, msgavsi procedurebiT 

gadaayenos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, mTavrobis wevrebi, kontrolis 

palatis Tavmjdomare da erovnuli bankis sabWos wevrebi. 86 

parlaments saxelmwifo Sesyidvebze pirdapiri kontrolis an maTi monitoringis 

ufleba ar gaaCnia, garda biujetis damtkicebis da biujetis 

Sesrulebis angariSebis ganxilvis uflebamosilebisa. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

saagento (saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis koordinirebasa da monitoringze 

pasuxismgebeli organo) aRmasrulebeli Stos mier kompleqtdeba da mis 

winaSe angariSvaldebuli uwyebaa. saagentos xelmZRvanels premier-ministri 

niSnavs da parlamenti am procesSi aranair rols ar asrulebs. 87 

parlamenti saxelmwifo Sesyidvebze zedamxedvelobas iribad, umaRlesi 

auditoruli dawesebulebis – kontrolis palatis – meSveobiT axdens, 

romelic sakanonmdeblo organos winaSea angariSvaldebuli. parlamentis 

wevrebs aseve ufleba aqvT, aRmasrulebeli Stosgan informaciis miRebis 

uflebis gamoyenebiT moipovon informacia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentodan. 

evropis sabWos veneciis komisiam zemoxsenebul debulebebSi mTeli rigi 

mniSvnelovani xarvezebi aRmoaCina. kerZod, komisiam gaakritika konstituciis 

93-e muxlis is debuleba, romlis mixedviT prezidents ufleba 

aqvs, parlamentis mier konstituciiT dadgenil vadaSi saxelmwifo biujetis 

daumtkiceblobis SemTxvevaSi, biujeti dekretiT daamticos da aRniSna, 

rom prezidents parlamentis Tanxmobis gareSe biujetis damtkicebis 

ufleba ar unda hqondes. veneciis komisiam aseve marTebulad aRniSna, 

rom amJamad moqmedi kanonmdebloba prezidents uflebas aniWebs, parlamentis 

mier mTavrobisadmi undoblobis gamocxadeba ugulebelyos, xolo 

parlaments imis SesaZleblobas ar aZlevs, rom mTavrobis mier wardgenil 

biujetis proeqtSi Sesworebebi Seitanos. amgvarad, sakanonmdeblo organos 

ufleba, gavlena moaxdinos biujetis Sedgenaze, gaumarTleblad iz- 


Rudeba da is mxolod proeqtis miRebis an misi uaryofis uflebamosilebamde 

mcirdeba. 88 

arsebobs safuZliani eWvi, rom parlamentsa da mis komitetebs praqtikaSi 

ar SeuZliaT im farTo uflebamosilebebis gamoyeneba, romlebic maT aRmasrulebeli 

Stos zedamxedvelobis sferoSi gaaCniaT. aq mTavar faqtors 

parlamentSi Semaval mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenlebsa da mTavrobaSi 

parlamentis mier daniSnul Tanamdebobis pirTa Soris mWidro kavSiri 

warmoadgens. 89 amasTan erTad, komitetebis Tavmjdomareebi (romelTagan 

yvela mmarTvel „nacionalur moZraobas“ warmoadgens) maTive partiis 

warmomadgenel ministrebTan dapirispirebis survils iSviaTad amJRavneben. 

90 mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenelma maRali saparlamento Tanamdebobis 

pirma aseTi qcevis mizezad mediis mier aseTi faqtebis gaxmaurebis 

SiSi daasaxela da aRniSna, rom komitetebi aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis 

gauxmaureblad (anu ministrebis komitetebis sxdomebze oficialurad 

gamoZaxebis gareSe) ganxorcielebas arCeven, raTa sazogadoebas 

ar Seuqmnan STabeWdileba, rom mmarTveli partiis SigniT konfliqti 

arsebobs. 91 

organizaciam Freedom House 2008 wlis angariSSi aRniSna, rom parlamenti 

sakanonmdeblo procesSi pasiurobas iCenda da xSirad aRmasrulebeli 

Stos mier inicirebul kanonproeqtebs detalurad da arsebiTad ar 

ganixilavda. 92 mas Semdeg mdgomareoba arsebiTad ar Secvlila. ministrebs 

zogjer parlamentis plenarul sxdomebze an komitetebis sxdomebze ibareben, 

magram mTavrobis mier wardgenili kanonproeqtebi sakanonmdeblo 

organoSi cxare kamaTis sagani iSviaTad xdeba. 93 parlamentis wevrebi aqtiurad 

ar iyeneben TavianT uflebas, kiTxviT mimarTon aRmasrulebel Stos 

da miiRon misgan informacia. 94 

amis miuxedavad, mmarTveli partiis warmomadgeneli erT-erTi saparlamento 

Tanamdebobis piri ar daeTanxma mosazrebas, rom parlamenti mxolod 

aRmasrulebeli Stos iniciativebze „beWdis dasmiT“ aris dakavebuli 

da gaixsena, rom 2009 wlis bolos sakanonmdeblo organom ar daamtkica 

2010 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis proeqtis pirveli redaqcia da is mTavrobas 

Sesworebebis Sesatanad ukan daubruna. misi azriT, sazogadoeba 

sakanonmdeblo organos muSaobaze informirebuli ar aris, radgan media 

parlamentis muSaobas rutinul saqmianobad miiCnevs da mis mimarT did 

interess ar iCens. 95 kidev erTma saparlamento Tanamdebobis pirma aRniSna, 

rom prezidentisa da premier-ministris bolodroindel gamosvlebs parlamentSi 

„intensiuri“ debatebi mohyva. 96 

parlamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgilis gancxadebiT, romelic opoziciis 

warmomadgenelia, opozicioner deputatebs mTavrobis saqmianobis Sesaxeb 

informaciis mopovebis TvalsazrisiT problemebi eqmnebaT. vicespikerma 

gaixsena, rom man ver SeZlo informaciis mopoveba ekonomikuri 

ganviTarebisa da finansTa saministroebidan, vidre saqmeSi Careva komitetis 

Tavmjdomares (romelic mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenelia) ar 

sTxova. 97 

2011 

51 

88 European Commission for Democracy Through 

Law, Opinion on the Draft Amendments to the 

Constitution of Georgia, adopted by the Venice 

Commission at its 58th plenary session 

(Venice, 12-13 March 2004), 3-6. 



avtorTan. 


92 Freedom House, Nations in Transit: Georgia 

(2008), http://www.freedomhouse.org/ 

template.cfm?page=47&nit=452&year=2008 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 28 aprils). 


avtorTan. 

94 iqve. 


96 „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ mimowera Ciora 

TaqTaqiSvilTan. 





100 Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2010 – Georgia 


Stiftung, 2009), 4, 10. 

52 

parlaments arasodes gamouyenebia Tavisi uflebamosileba, impiCmentis 

wesiT gadaeyenebina aRmasrulebeli Stos Tanamdebobis pirebi an gamoecxadebina 

maTTvis undobloba. 2008 wels parlamentma Seqmna droebiTi 

komisia 2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis 

gamosakvlevad. komisiis muSaobis ganmavlobaSi mis winaSe mTeli rigi ma- 

RalCinosnebi, maT Soris prezidentic, wardgnen. amis miuxedavad, saerTo 

jamSi, sagamoZiebo komisiebTan dakavSirebiT, parlamenti Tavis uflebamosilebebs 

srulad ar iyenebs. magaliTad, parlamentma ramdenimejer 

ugulebelyo saxalxo damcvelis rekomendacia aRmasrulebeli Stos organoebisa 

da Tanamdebobis pirTa mxridan adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis 

savaraudo faqtebis Sesaswavlad sagamoZiebo komisiis Seqmnis Sesaxeb. 98 

amasTan erTad, parlamenti tradiciulad droebiTi sagamoZiebo komisiebis 

nacvlad ubralo droebiTi komisiebis Seqmnas arCevs, radgan sagamoZiebo 

komisias aRmasrulebeli Stosgan informaciis moTxovnis, aRmasrulebeli 

Stos Tanamdebobis pirTa gamoZaxebis da a.S. TvalsazrisiT 

ufro farTo uflebamosilebebi aqvs. rogorc Cans, mmarTvel partias ar 

surs, opozicias (romelsac orive tipis komisiaSi wevrTa naxevris daniSvnis 

ufleba aqvs) es mZlavri iaraRi xelSi Caugdos. 99 

garkveuli xarvezebis miuxedavad, kanonmdebloba parlaments aRmasrulebel 

Stoze zedamxedvelobis gansaxorcieleblad sxvadasxva uflebamosilebebs 

aniWebs. Tumca, es uflebamosilebebi praqtikaSi efeqtianad ar 

gamoiyeneba. parlamentSi opoziciuri jgufebis sisustem da im garemoebam, 

rom 2004 wlidan saparlamento mandatebis sul mcire or mesameds prezidentis 

partia flobs, uaryofiTad imoqmeda sakanonmdeblo organos 

mier zedamxedvelobis ganxorcielebis sxvadasxva aspeqtebze. 100 

roli: sakanonmdeblo reformebi (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad prioritetulia sakanonmdeblo organosTvis korufciis 

winaaRmdeg brZola da mmarTvelobis gaumjobeseba? 

bolo wlebSi saqarTvelos parlamentma mTeli rigi kanonebi da sakanonmdeblo 

cvlilebebi miiRo, romelTa mizani korufciis Semcireba da mmar- 

Tvelobis gaumjobeseba iyo. amis miuxedavad, parlamenti am normebis praqtikaSi 

Sesrulebas aqtiurad ar amowmebs da parlamentis wevrebi arc 

sxva tipis antikorufciul aqtivobebSi arian CarTuli. 

kanonSi „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis 

Sesaxeb“ 2005-2009 wlebSi mravali Sesworeba iqna Setanili. am Sesworebebis 

Sedegad, gaizarda im organoebisa da Tanamdebobis pirTa sia, romelTac 

es kanoni exeba, gafarTovda Tanamdebobis pirTa qonebrivi deklaraciebis 

masStabi da qonebrivi deklaraciebis miRebisa da gamoqveynebis 

funqcia sajaro samsaxuris biuros gadaeca. mniSvnelovania, rom im 

Tanamdebobis pirTa mimarT, romlebic qonebriv deklaracias ramdenimejer 

ar waradgenen, SemoRebul iqna sisxlis samarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba 

da kanons daemata vrceli debulebebi, romlebic mamxilebelTa 

dacvas iTvaliswinebs. 


2005 wels parlamentma miiRo kanoni „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb,“ 101 

romlis safuZvelze saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento Seiqmna. kanoni saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis detalur procedurebs adgens da 

aregulirebs mTel rig mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs, maT Soris, interesTa Seu- 

Tavseblobas, monitoringis procedurebsa da Sesyidvebis gamWvirvalobas. 

2009 wels kanons damatebiTi debulebebi daemata, romelTa mizani 

Sesyidvebis procesis gamWvirvalobis zrdaa. 

2008 wels parlamentma miiRo axali kanoni kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb, 

romelic im zogadi politikis mniSvnelovani nawilia, romelic palatis 

Tanamedrove umaRles auditorul dawesebulebad gardaqmnas isaxavs 

miznad. 102 Zveli normebisgan gansxvavebiT, axali kanoni palatis mier sxvadasxva 

tipis auditis Catarebas iTvaliswinebs, Seicavs detalur miTiTebebs 

palatis saqmianobis Sesaxeb da adgens mTel rig wesebs, romlebic am 

uwyebis gamWvirvalobas, angariSvaldebulebasa da Sida marTvis antikorufciul 

wesebs exeba. 

2010 wels parlamentma miiRo kanoni „saxelmwifo Sida auditisa da inspeqtirebis 

Sesaxeb,“ romelic moiTxovs, rom mTavrobis yvela ZiriTadma 

uwyebam specialuri departamenti Seqmnas, romelsac Sida auditis Catareba 

da keTisindisierebis wesebis dacvaze monitoringis Catareba daevaleba. 

103 

rac Seexeba saerTaSoriso antikorufciul xelSekrulebebs, 2008 wels 

parlamentma moaxdina gaero-s antikorufciuli konvenciisa da evropis 

sabWos sisxlis samarTlis antikorufciuli konvenciis ratificireba. amave 

dros, qveyanas xeli ar mouweria evropis sabWos konvenciebze „danaSaulis 

Sedegad miRebuli fulis gaTeTrebis, moZiebis, CamorTmevisa da 

konfiskaciis Sesaxeb“ da „terorizmis dafinansebis Sesaxeb“ da Sesabamisad 

arc maTi ratificireba mouxdenia. 104 

praqtikaSi ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, zemoxsenebuli kanonebi da sakanonmdeblo 

cvlilebebi, savaraudod, ganamtkicebs qveynis mmarTvelobis 

sistemis keTilsindisierebas, gamWvirvalobasa da angariSvaldebulebas. 

Tumca, aseve arsebobs mosazreba, rom parlamenti mis mier miRebuli kanonebis 

Sesrulebaze aqtiur monitorings ar awarmoebs. 105 aq mTavar faqtors 

saparlamento zedamxedvelobis faqtobrivi sisuste warmoadgens. 

kanonebis miRebis garda, parlamentis wevrebi zogadad antikorufciul 

RonisZiebebSi ar monawileoben. bolo wlebSi parlamentis wevrebis mxridan 

korufciasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze droebiTi komisiebis Seqmnis 

an aRmasrulebeli StosTvis korufciasTan dakavSirebuli kiTxvebiT mimarTvis 

gaxmaurebul SemTxvevebs adgili ar hqonia. saparlamento umravlesobis 

erT-erTma warmomadgenelma es imiT axsna, rom samarTaldamcavi 

organoebi korufcias Zalze efeqtianad ebrZvian da aseT saqmianobaSi 

parlamentis wevrTa monawileoba saWiro aRar aris. 106 

2011 

53 



20 aprils. 

102 Chamber of Control of Georgia, Strategic 

Development Plan for 2009-2011, (Tbilisi: 

Policy and Management Consulting Group, 

2009), 5. 



miRebulia 2010 wlis 26 marts. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 17. 



saqarTvelos“ mimowera parlamentis wevr 

Ciora TaqTaqiSvilTan. 


2. aRmasrulebeli Sto 

(prezidenti da ministrTa kabineti) 

54 

reziume 

aRmasrulebeli Sto saqarTveloSi xelisuflebis yvelaze Zlieri rgolia 

rogorc kanonmdeblobis TvalsazrisiT, ise praqtikaSi. 2004 wlis Semdeg, 

misi SesaZleblobebi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda reformebisa da mTavrobis 

saerTo Semosavlebis zrdis Sedegad. Tumca, iseTi institutebis sisustis 

gamo, rogoricaa parlamenti da sasamarTlo, aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis 

angariSvaldebuleba praqtikaSi saTanadod uzrunvelyofili ar aris. saqarTveloSi 

aRmasrulebeli Stos warmomadgenelTa keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelmyofi vrceli samarTlebrivi normebi moqmedebs, Tumca ar arsebobs 

maTi Sesrulebis mdgradi da funqcionirebadi meqanizmebi. aRmasrulebelma 

xelisuflebam mniSvnelovan warmatebebs miaRwia sajaro seqtoris 

gaumjobesebisa da korufciis Semcirebis sakiTxSi, Tumca orive sferoSi 

kvlavac arsebobs mniSvnelovani gamowvevebi. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili qulebiT Sefasebulia aRmasrulebeli 

Stos SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da misi roli saqarTvelos 

antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi TiToeuli maCveneblis 

Tvisebrivi Sefasebaa mocemuli. 



SesaZleblobebi resursebi — 75 





roli sajaro seqtoris marTva 50 

63/100 samarTlebrivi sistema 75 


2011 


saqarTvelos xelisuflebis aRmasrulebeli Sto prezidentisa da ministrTa 

kabinetisagan Sedgeba. 1 ministrTa kabineti Sedgeba premier-ministrisa 

da 16 ministrisgan, romlebic Sesabamis saministroebs xelmZRvaneloben, 2 

aseve sami ministrisgan, romlebic saministroebs ar xelmZRvaneloben, magram 

konkretul sferoebSi mTavrobis politikis koordinireba evalebaT. 3 

2004 wlamde prezidenti konstituciis mixedviT saxelmwifos meTauric 

iyo da aRmasrulebeli Stos meTauric. 2004 wlis Tebervlis sakonstitucio 

cvlilebebis Semdeg, Seiqmna premier-ministris Tanamdeboba da prezidentma 

mxolod saxelmwifos meTauris tituli SeinarCuna. 4 Tumca, rogorc 

evropis sabWos veneciis komisiis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom 2004 wlis cvlilebebis mizans saqarTvelos mmarTvelobis saprezidento 

sistemis naxevrad saprezidento sistemiT Canacvleba warmoadgenda, 

es mizani srulad ar ganxorcielebula da prezidentma Zlieri 

uflebamosilebebi SeinarCuna. 5 prezidenti arCevs premier-ministris kandidaturas, 

romelsac parlamenti amtkicebs. prezidenti aseve parlaments 

dasamtkiceblad warudgens ministrTa kabinetis wevrTa Semadgenlobas 

(romelsac premier-ministri arCevs). 6 prezidenti arsebiTad aRmasrulebeli 

Stos meTaurad rCeba: mas SeuZlia, Tanamdebobidan daiTxovos premier-ministri 

an mTeli ministrTa kabineti, aseve SeuZlia zogi ministris 

pirdapir daTxovnac (Tavadacvis, Sinagan saqmeTa da iusticiis ministrebis). 

premier-ministrs ministrTa kabinetis wevrebis dasaniSnad aseve prezidentis 

Tanxmoba sWirdeba. 7 amave dros, prezidents SeuZlia, moiwvios da Tavmj- 

domareobdes ministrTa kabinetis sxdomebs8 da uflebamosilia, SeaCeros 

an gaauqmos ministrTa kabinetis gadawyvetilebebi. 9 

Sefaseba 


qula: 75 

ramdenad aqvs aRmasrulebel Stos misi movaleobebis efeqtianad Sesasruleblad 

saWiro resursebi? 

saqarTvelos xelisuflebis aRmasrulebeli Stos uwyebebisTvis gamoyofili 

saxsrebis odenoba bolo ramdenime weliwadSi mkveTrad gaizarda, 

ramac am uwyebebs maTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani funciebis efeqtianad ganxorcielebis 

saSualeba misca. amis miuxedavad, saministroebis TanamSromelTa 

xSiri cvlis gamo, kvalificiuri profesionalebisTvis aRmasrulebeli Stos 

dawesebulebebSi muSaoba naklebad mimzidvelia. 

gadasaxadebis akrefis gaumjobesebam, rac 2004 wels amJamindeli xelm- 

ZRvanelobis xelisuflebaSi mosvlas mohyva, saxelmwifo Semosavlebis 

swrafi mateba gamoiwvia da isini 2004-2008 wlebSi 2.5 miliardi laridan 

7.6 miliard laramde gaizarda. ekonomikuri zrdis bolodroindelma Senelebam, 

rac msoflio finansuri krizisiTa da 2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTve- 

55 

1 saqarTvelos konstituciaSi gamoyenebulia 

termini „mTavroba,“ magram imisTvis, rom 

ganvasxvavoT zogadad mTavroba da misi 

aRmasrulebeli Sto, am TavSi 

gamoyenebuli iqneba termini „ministrTa 

kabineti.“ 

2 regionaluri ganviTarebisa da 

infrastruqturis saministro; finansTa 

saministro; ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis 

saministro; sportisa da axalgazrdul 

saqmeTa saministro; garemos dacvisa da 

bunebrivi resursebis saministro; 

ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis 

saministro; energetikis saministro; 

Tavdacvis saministro; iusticiis 

saministro; kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis 

saministro; saqarTvelos okupirebuli 

teritoriebidan iZulebiT 

gadaadgilebul pirTa, gansaxlebisa da 

ltolvilTa saministro; sagareo saqmeTa 

saministro; soflis meurneobis 

saministro; Sinagan saqmeTa saministro; 

Sromis, jandacvisa da socialuri dacvis 

saministro; sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa 

da iuridiuli daxmarebis saministro. 

3 saxelmwifo ministri evropul da 

evroatlantikur struqturebSi 

integraciis sakiTxebSi; saxelmwifo 

ministri reintegraciis sakiTxebSi; 

saxelmwifo ministri diasporis sakiTxebSi. 

4 saqarTvelos konstitucia, miRebulia 1995 

wlis 24 agvistos, muxli 69. 

5 European Commission for Democracy through 

Law (Venice Commission), Opinion on the Draft 

Amendments to the Constitution of Georgia, 

adopted by the Venice Commission at its 58th 

Plenary Session, Venice, 12-13 March, 2. 






(prezidenti da ministrTa kabineti)

10 saqarTvelos finansTa saministros vebgverdi, 

„biujetis Semosulobebi 

absolutur maCveneblebSi 2005-2010 

wlebSi,“ http://www.mof.ge/budget (nanaxia 

2010 wlis 9 agvistos). 

11 2004 wlis biujetis monacemebi aRebulia 

finansTa saministros veb-gverdidan: 

http://www.mof.ge/budget/by_year/2004/ 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 9 agvistos); 2010 wlis 

sabiujeto monacemebi aRebulia kanonidan 

„saqarTvelos 2010 wlis saxelmwifo 

biujetis Sesaxeb“ (Semoklebuli versia), 

http://www.mof.ge/4069 (nanaxia 2010 wlis 

9 agvistos). 

12 Tamar kovziriZe, saqarTvelos premierministris 

mrCeveli. interviu avtorTan, 

Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 29 ivnisi. 

13 vaxtang leJava, saqarTvelos premierministris 

mrCeveli. interviu avtorTan, 

Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 12 ivlisi. 

14 gia nodia, „mSvidobis, demokratiisa da 



Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 18 agvisto. 

56 

los omiT iyo gamowveuli, saxelmwifo Semosavlebis kleba ganapiroba, 

Tumca, amis miuxedavad, 2010 wels maTi odenoba mainc 6.9 miliard lars 

gautolda. 10 Sesabamisad, bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda sxvadasxva 

saxelmwifo uwyebebisTvis, maT Soris aRmasrulebel StoSi Semavali uwyebebis 

umetesobisTvis, gamoyofili saxsrebi. magaliTad: 11 

2004 wlis biujeti 2010 wlis biujeti 

(larebSi) (larebSi) 

prezidentis administracia 8 milioni 17 milioni 

mTavrobis kancelaria 3 milioni 9 milioni 

iusticiis saministro 22 milioni 45 milioni 

jandacvis saministro 400 milioni 1.3 miliardi 

ganaTlebis saministro 60 milioni 400 milioni 

rogorc premier-ministris erT-erTi mrCeveli aRniSnavs, sabiujeto asignebebis 

saerTo zrdam, rasac Tan erTvoda TanamSromlebis saerTo ricxvis 

Semcireba da optimizacia, saministroebs saSualeba misca, TanamSromlebisTvis 

ufro maRali xelfasebi SeeTavazebinaT da kvalificiuri profesionalebi 

miezidaT. 12 mTavrobis kidev erTma mrCevelma „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom dafinansebis amJamindeli 

done xelisuflebis aRmasrulebel Stos Sromis bazarze kerZo seqtoris- 

Tvis konkurenciis gawevis saSualebas aZlevs. 13 orive respondentma aRniSna, 

rom amJamad aRmasrulebel Stos misi funqciebis efeqtianad Sesasruleblad 

sakmarisi resursebi gaaCnia. 

gia nodiam, romelic erT-erTi wamyvani qarTuli analitikuri organizaciis, 

„mSvidobis, demokratiisa da ganviTarebis kavkasiuri institutis,“ 

xelmZRvanelia, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, 

rom marTalia saministroebs resursebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi kvlavac 

aqvT, magram dafinansebis gazrdam maT saSualeba misca, rom maTi Ziri- 

Tadi funqciebi efeqtianad SeesrulebinaT. amis miuxedavad, nodia aRniSnavs, 

rom radgan saministroebis politikuri xelmZRvanelobis cvla xSirad 

maTSi dasaqmebuli sajaro moxeleebis samsaxuridan daTxovnas iwvevs, sazogadoeba 

saministroebSi arsebul samuSao adgilebs zogadad dasaqmebis 

arastabilur saSualebad miiCnevs, ris gamoc zogierTi maRalkvalificiurma 

potenciurma kandidatma, SesaZloa, am uwyebebSi arsebul vakansiebze 

ganacxadi ar Seitanos. 14 


qula: 100 

ramdenad damoukidebelia aRmasrulebeli Sto kanonis mixedviT? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs arc erT iseT debulebas, romelic 

aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobas arajerovnad SezRudavs da xelisuflebis 

sxva Stoebs mis saqmianobaSi gadametebuli Carevis saSualebas miscems. 

piriqiT, rogorc „bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsis“ saqarTvelos 


angariSSia aRniSnuli, aRmasrulebeli Sto qveynis amJamindel sakonstitucio 

sistemaSi „TiTqmis ukonkurento ZalauflebiT“ sargeblobs. 15 

2011 


qula: 100 

ramdenad damoukidebelia aRmasrulebeli Sto praqtikaSi? 

praqtikaSi, iseve rogorc kanoniT, aRmasrulebeli Sto saqarTveloSi xelisuflebis 

yvelaze Zlieri rgolia. ar yofila mis saqmianobaSi xelisuflebis 

sxva institutebis (mag. sakanonmdeblo organos an SeiaraRebuli Zalebis) 

arajerovani Carevis arc erTi SemTxveva. 16 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobis 

gamWvirvalobas? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seicavs mniSvnelovan samarTlebriv meqanizmebs, 

romlebic aRmasrulebeli Stos mier sabiujeto saxsrebis xarjvisa 

da Tanamdebobis pirTa qonebis gamWvirvalobas uzrunvelyofs. amave dros, 

arasakmarisad efeqtiania gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi, 

romlebic aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis saqmianobis zogierT aspeqts, 

magaliTad, ministrTa kabinetis sxdomebs, exeba. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kanoni ministrTa kabinets uflebas aZlevs, medias 

mis sxdomaze daswrebis neba misces an „sajaro sxdoma“ gamarTos, romelze 

daswrebac sazogadoebis wevrebsac SeeZlebaT, 17 ar arsebobs konkretuli 

meqanizmebi, romlebic kabinetis sxdomebisa da ganxilvebis Sinaarsis sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomobas uzrunvelyofs. 

kanoni ministrTa kabinetisgan sxdomebis stenografiuli Canawerebis warmoebas 

ar iTxovs, Tumca, mTavrobis reglamentis mixedviT, premier-ministrs 

ufleba aqvs, sxdomis audio-Canaweris gakeTebis an stenogramis warmoebis 

gadawyvetileba miiRos. 18 kanonSi ar aris debuleba, romelic mTavrobas 

warmoebuli stenogramis gamoqveynebas daavaldebulebs. aseve ar arsebobs 

debuleba, romelic aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobis erTian sainformacio 

sistemaSi dafiqsirebas moiTxovs, Tumca mTavrobisa da prezidentis yvela 

gadawyvetileba, romelic normatiul aqtad iTvleba, normatiuli aqtebis 

saxelmwifo reestrSi unda iqnes Setanili. 19 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa 

da korufciis Sesaxeb“ kanonis Tanaxmad, aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleebi 

valdebulni arian, rom Tanamdebobis dakavebidan ori Tvis vadaSi sajaro 

samsaxuris biuroSi qonebrivi deklaraciebi waradginon. moxeleebma aseTi 

57 



Stiftung, 2009), 8. 

16 gia nodias interviu avtorTan. 

17 mTavrobis reglamenti, muxlebi 20, 23. 


19 saqarTvelos kanoni „normatiuli aqtebis 







oqtombers, muxlebi 14–20. 

21 saqarTvelos sabiujeto kodeqsi, miRebulia 

2000 wlis 18 dekembers, muxli 4. 

22 saqarTvelos sabiujeto kodeqsi, muxli 38. 


muxli 182. 

24 http://www.government.gov.ge 

25 http://www.government.gov.ge/old/ 

index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=49 (nanaxia 


26 http://www.government.gov.ge/old/ 



27 http://www.mof.ge/budget (nanaxia 2010 

wlis 5 agvistos). 

28 http://www.declaration.ge/csb/main.seam 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 5 agvistos). 

58 

deklaraciebi yovelwliurad da Tanamdebobis datovebidan erTi Tvis 

vadaSi unda waradginon. sajaro samsaxuris biurodan moxelis qonebrivi 

deklaraciis aslis moTxovna da miReba yvela dainteresebul pirsa da organizacias 

SeuZlia. moxeles, romelic qonebriv deklaracias ar waradgens, 

ekisreba jarima da mis mimarT sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnac ki SeiZleba 

daiwyos. 20 qonebrivi deklaraciebis maregulirebeli debulebebis erTi 

mniSvnelovani xarvezi is aris, rom isini deklaraciebis gadamowmebis meqanizmebis 

Seqmnas ar iTvaliswinebs. 

sabiujeto kodeqsi gamWvirvalobas saqarTvelos sabiujeto sistemis erTerT 

ZiriTad principad asaxelebs da acxadebs, rom sajaro unda gaxdes 

yvela saxis biujetebi, aseve angariSebi maTi Sesrulebis Sesaxeb. 21 kodeqsi 

moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifo biujetis proeqti TandarTul masalebTan er- 

Tad sajaro gaxdes parlamentisTvis wardgenisTanave. 22 saxelmwifo biujeti 

kanons warmoadgens da, Sesabamisad, parlamentis mier miRebuli nebismieri 

sxva kanonis msgavsad, sajarod unda gamoqveyndes. amasTan erTad, parlamentis 

reglamenti pirdapir moiTxovs, rom rogorc ki saxelmwifo biujets 

sakanonmdeblo organo daamtkicebs, is sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomi 

unda gaxdes. 23 


qula: 50 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianoba praqtikaSi? 

xelisuflebis aRmasrulebeli Sto garkveuli tipis informacias sazogadoebas 

sakuTari iniciativiT acnobs. magaliTad, ministrTa kabinetis gankargulebebi 

da dadgenilebebi, aseve biujeti da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis 

moxeleTa qonebrivi deklaraciebi, onlain reJimSia xelmisawvdomi. 

amis miuxedavad, rogorc prezidentis, ise saministroebis veb-gverdebi 

arasakmaris informacias Seicavs. antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis 

praqtikuli testebis ganmavlobaSi, winaswar SerCeulma saministroebma 

srulad maTTvis wardgenili sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebis 

mxolod naxevars upasuxes, xolo Tormeti ganacxadidan oTxi upasuxod 

datoves an ar daakmayofiles. 

zogierTi tipis mniSvnelovani informacia aRmasrulebeli Stos Sesaxeb 

sazogadoebisTvis onlain reJimSia xelmisawvdomi. ministrTa kabinetis vebgverdze24 

mocemulia mTavrobis im gankargulebebisa da dadgenilebebis 

monacemTa baza, romlebic bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi iqna miRebuli. 25 

veb-gverdze aseve warmodgenilia ministrTa kabinetis sxdomebis dRis 

wesrigebi da mokle angariSebi. 26 ministrTa kabinetis biujetis Sesaxeb 

detaluri informaciis miReba SesaZlebelia finansTa saministros vebgverdidan. 

27 aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleebi qonebriv deklaraciebs sajaro 

samsaxuris biuros warudgenen da es deklaraciebi specialur vebgverdze 

qveyndeba. 28 amis miuxedavad, gamoiTqmis mosazrebebi, rom deklaraciebi 

xSirad qonebis warmomavlobisa da namdvili odenobis Sesaxeb arazust 


da SecdomaSi Semyvan informacias Seicavs. 29 qonebrivi deklaraciebis sizustis 

gadamowmebis araviTari meqanizmi ar arsebobs da romelime sagangebo 

uwyeba maT regularulad ar amowmebs. 

prezidentis veb-gverdi 30 mxolod prezidentis administraciis Sesaxeb zogad 

informaciasa da prezidentis saqmianobis amsaxvel pres-relizebs 

Seicavs. rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, veb-gverdze ar qveyndeba prezidentis 

gankargulebebi da sxva gadawyvetilebebi. 

2009 wels TbilisSi bazirebulma arasamTavrobo organizaciam „informaciis 

Tavisuflebis ganviTarebis instituti“ mTavrobis yvela saministros 

veb-gverdis Semowmeba Caatara. kvlevis Sedegad, yvelaze maRali qula finansTa 

saministros veb-gverds mieniWa, magram misi gamWvirvalobis done 

mxolod 41 procentiT iyo Sefasebuli. yvela sxva saministroebis veb-gverdebis 

maCvenebeli 25 procentze naklebs Seadgenda. analizis Sedegad gamoiTqva 

daskvna, rom saministroebi maT veb-gverdebs informaciis gavrcelebisa 

da sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis mniSvnelovan instrumentad ar 

miiCnevdnen. Sefasebis Sedegad (romelic mraval kriteriums, maT Soris, 

informaciis amomwuravobas, aqtualurobasa da xelmisawvdomobas efuZneboda) 

dadginda, rom veb-gverdebi arasakmaris informacias Seicavda saministroebis 

zogad struqturasa da maTi ganyofilebebis funqciebze, saministroebSi 

arsebul monacemTa bazebze, saministroebis saqmianobaze, saministroebis 

saqmianobis maregulirebel kanonebsa da sxva samarTlebriv 

aqtebze, moqalaqeebisa da organizaciebis mier saministroebSi Txovnebisa 

da ganacxadebis wardgenis procedurebze, saministroebis saqmianobaze saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis sferoSi da maT sakadro da safinanso politikaze. 31 

antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis praqtikuli testebis dros, „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ mTavrobis sam saministros – finansTa, 

iusticiis da Tavdacvis saministroebs – sajaro informaciis moTxovniT 

ganacxadebi gaugzavna. TiToeul am saministros oTxi ganacxadi (ori standartuli 

da ori rTuli) gaegzavna. saerTo jamSi, im Tormeti ganacxadidan, 

romlebic saministroebs gaegzavnaT, maT sruli informacia mxolod eqvs 

SemTxvevaSi gasces. erT SemTxvevaSi saministrom ganacxadze arasruli pasuxi 

gasca, erTi ganacxadi ki sxva uwyebaze arasworad gadaamisamarTa. or 

SemTxvevaSi saministroebma informaciis gacemaze uari ganacxades (erT 

SemTxvevaSi, uari gamarTlebuli iyo, erTSi ki – gaumarTlebeli), darCenil 

or SemTxvevaSi ki ganacxadebi upasuxod iqna datovebuli. amgvarad, imasTan 

erTad, rom saministroebi maT veb-gverdebze informacias sakuTari iniciativiT 

ar aqveyneben, isini gansakuTrebiT arc moqalaqeTa ganacxadebze 

reagirebiT gamoirCevian. 

2011 

59 

29 Global Integrity, Global Integrity Scorecard: 

Georgia 2009 (Global Integrity, 2010), 72, 76. 

30 http://www.president.gov.ge 

31 Institute for Development of Freedom of 

Information, Monthly Bulletin No 1, July- 

September 2009, 23-37. 

uwyeba standartuli ganacxadi 1 standartuli ganacxadi 2 rTuli ganacxadi 1 rTuli ganacxadi 2 

finansTa saministro informacia gaica upasuxod darCa informacia gaica informacia gaica 

iusticiis saministro informacia gaica arasruli pasuxi werilobiTi uari gadamisamarTebul iqna 

Tavdacvis saministro informacia gaica upasuxod darCa informacia gaica upasuxod darCa 






miRebulia 2004 wlis 17 Tebervals, 

muxlebi 223-234. 


60 

informaciis sajaroobis kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad wardgenili xuTi 

sxvadasxva ganacxadidan, romlebic saministroebs antikorufciuli sistemis 

kvlevis praqtikuli testebis farglebSi gaegzavnaT da romlebic xuTi 

sxvadasxva saministros ministrebisa da ministris moadgileebis mier mi- 

Rebul premiebs Seexeboda, maT saTanado pasuxi arc erTze ar gauciaT. 

finansTa saministrom informaciis argacemis gamamarTlebel mizezad piradi 

cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba daasaxela, iusticiis saministrom 

Tavis pasuxSi moaxdina kanonis im debulebis citireba, romelic sajaro 

moxeleTa xelfasebs gansazRvravs, magram premiebis odenobaze informacia 

ar gasca, xolo Tavdacvis saministro ganacxads saerTod ar gamoexmaura. 


qula: 75 

‘ 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleebma 

maTi saqmianobis amsaxveli angariSebi waradginon da angariSvaldebulni 

iyvnen sakuTari qmedebebis gamo? 

konstitucia da mTeli rigi sxva kanonebi adeqvatur debulebebs Seicavs 

aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebulebis Sesaxeb. amis miuxedavad, is garemoeba, 

rom prezidents sakanonmdeblo organos daTxovnis ufleba aqvs, 

amcirebs parlamentis SesaZleblobas, uzrunvelyos aRmasrulebeli Stos 

angariSvaldebuleba. aseve ar arsebobs raime sakanonmdeblo moTxovna, rom 

aRmasrulebelma Stom misi saqmianobis ganxorcielebisas sazogadoebis 

pozicia mxedvelobaSi miiRos. 

konstitucia moiTxovs, rom ministrTa kabinetis wevrebma upasuxon parlamentarebis 

kiTxvebs da, gamoZaxebis SemTxvevaSi, parlamentis winaSe moxsenebiT 

wardgnen. 32 parlamentis reglamenti parlamentis wevrebsa da mis 

sxvadasxva organoebs mniSvnelovan uflebamosilebebs aniWebs aRmasrulebeli 

Stos zedamxedvelobis mxriv. aRmasrulebeli Stos zedamxedvelobis 

sferoSi parlamentis uflebamosilebaTa Sesaxeb ufro detaluri informacia 

am angariSis Sesabamis TavSia mocemuli. 

parlaments konstituciiT miniWebuli aqvs ufleba, gaakontrolos ministrTa 

kabinetis mier saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebis xarjva, xolo, darRvevebis 

aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi, prezidents sabiujeto saxsrebis xarjvis 

SeCerebis moTxovniT mimarTos. 33 ministrTa kabineti valdebulia, rom 

parlaments kvartalSi erTxel warudginos angariSi saxelmwifo biujetis 

Sesrulebis Sesaxeb da sabiujeto wlis dasrulebidan sami Tvis vadaSi mis 

winaSe saboloo angariSiT wardges. Tu parlamenti biujetis Sesrulebis 

Sesaxeb angariSs ar daamtkicebs, prezidents SeuZlia, ministrTa kabinetis 

daTxovnis sakiTxi daayenos, magram mas amis valdebuleba ar ekisreba. 34 

amasTan erTad, premier-ministri valdebulia, parlaments weliwadSi erTxel, 

xolo sakanonmdeblo organos mxridan moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi 15 dRis 

vadaSi, warudginos specialuri angariSi mTavrobis programis Sesrulebis 


Sesaxeb. 35 amave dros, konstituciis mixedviT, prezidenti valdebulia 

weliwadSi erTxel parlamentis winaSe wardges moxsenebiT qveyanaSi arsebuli 

mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. 36 amasTanave, is garemoeba, rom xelisuflebis 

am or Stos Soris konfliqts saxelmwifo biujetis an ministrTa kabinetis 

damtkicebasTan dakavSirebiT SeiZleba sakanonmdeblo organos daTxovna 

mohyves, garkveulwilad asustebs parlamentis SesaZleblobas, uzrunvelyos 

aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebuleba. parlamentis daTxovnis gadawyvetilebas 

iRebs prezidenti, romelic, rogorc zemoT aRniSna, aRmasrulebeli 

Stos xelmZRvanelad rCeba. 

parlaments SeuZlia, prezidenti, premier-ministri da mTavrobis sxva wevrebi 

impiCmentis wesiT Tanamdebobidan gadaayenos, Tu uzenaesi sasamarTlo 

daadasturebs, rom maT konstitucia daarRvies an danaSauli Caidines. 37 

konstituciis mixedviT, kontrolis palata (saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli 

dawesebuleba) valdebulia, Seamowmos aRmasrulebeli Stos finansuri 

saqmianoba da weliwadSi orjer parlaments warudginos moxseneba 

saxelmwifo biujetis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebiT. 38 kontrolis palata 

atarebs aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis uwyebebis audits da, danaSaulis 

niSnebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi, uflebamosilia, rom auditis Sedegebi 

samarTaldamcav organoebs gaugzavnos. 39 

saministroebi valdebulni arian, Seqmnan Sida auditis subieqtebi, romlebic 

am dawesebulebebis finansuri marTvis efeqtianobas Seafaseben. 40 Tumca 

iusticiis, Tavdacvisa da Sinagan saqmeTa saministroebs aRniSnuli subieqtebis 

Seqmna 2013 wlamde ar evalebaT. 41 

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo uflebamosilia, ganixilos aRmasrulebeli Stos 

mier gamocemuli normatiuli da kanonqvemdebare aqtebis konstituciasTan 

Sesabamisobis sakiTxi. 42 

aRmasrulebeli Sto valdebulia, miuTiTos mis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis 

mizezebi. magaliTad, is gadawyvetilebebi, romlebic normatiul 

aqtebad iTvleba (mag. prezidentis gankargulebebi da prezidentisa da 

ministrTa kabinetis mier gamocemuli kanonqvemdebare aqtebi) unda Seicavdes 

ganmartebiT baraTs, romelSic miTiTebuli iqneba maTi miRebis mizezebi. 

43 mTavrobis reglamenti aseve moiTxovs, rom mTavrobis sxdomaze gansaxilvelad 

wardgenil kanonqvemdebare da sxva samarTlebrivi aqtebis proeqtebs 

Tan axldes ganmartebiTi baraTi, romelSic dasabuTebuli iqneba 

maTi miRebis aucilebloba. 44 aRmasrulebeli Stos administraciulma organoebma 

maT mier miRebul administraciul-samarTlebriv aqtebs aseve ganmartebiTi 

baraTi unda daurTon. 45 

amave dros, kanonmdeblobaSi ar aris iseTi debulebebi, romlebic aRmasrulebel 

Stos gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi sazogadoebis azris 

gaTvaliswinebas pirdapir avaldebulebs. 

2011 

61 




39 saqarTvelos kanoni „saqarTvelos 

kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 




miRebulia 2010 wlis 26 marts, muxlebi 6-8. 



43 saqarTvelos kanoni `normatiuli aqtebis 



44 mTavrobis reglamenti, muxli 37. 

45 saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli 

kodeqsi, miRebulia 1999 wlis 25 ivniss, 

muxli 53. 



46 palatis mier 2009 wels Catarebuli 

auditoruli Semowmebebis nusxa 

gamoqveynebulia palatis veb-gverdze: 

http://www.control.ge/files/upload-file/pdf/ 

auditis-chamonatvali.pdf (nanaxia 2010 wlis 6 

agvistos). 

47 kontrolis palatis SesaZleblobebTan 

dakavSirebul sakiTxebze ufro detaluri 

informaciisTvis, ixileT am angariSis 

umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebulebis 

Sesaxeb Tavi. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 35. 

49 iqve, 35. 

62 


qula: 25 

ramdenad efeqtianad xorcieldeba aRmarulebeli Stos saqmianobis 

zedamxedveloba praqtikaSi? 

kanonis debulebebi, romlebic aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebulebas 

iTvaliswinebs (da romelTagan zogierTi Zalze kargia) praqtikaSi efeqtiani 

ar aris. amis mTavari mizezi arsebuli politikuri viTarebaa (sadac 

sakanonmdeblo organos mTlianad prezidentis partia akontrolebs, romelic 

prezidentisgan sakmarisad damoukidebeli ar aris). 

aRmasrulebeli Sto, kanonis moTxovnis Sesabamisad, parlaments yovelwliur 

da kvartalur angariSebs warudgens, Tumca, radgan saparlamento 

mandatebis did umravlesobas (daaxloebiT 80 procents) prezidentis partia 

flobs (romelic, rogorc politikuri partiebis Sesaxeb TavSia naCvenebi, 

metad centralizebuli organizaciaa da ZiriTadad lideris nebis 

mixedviT moqmedebs), sakanonmdeblo organos naklebi stimuli aqvs, rom 

aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebuleba uzrunvelyos. 

kanonis Tanaxmad, kontrolis palata aRmasrulebeli Stos organoebis audits 

atarebs. 46 Tumca, am auditebis detaluroba da saboloo gavlena SesaZloa 

SezRuduli iyos plataSi kvalificirebuli personalis simcirisa 

da misi arasakmarisi politikuri damoukideblobis gamo (damatebiTi informaciisTvis 

ixileT Tavi umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebulebis Sesaxeb). 

2007 wels Catarebuli ganaTlebis saministros saqmianobis auditi, rasac 

Sedegad palatidan ramdenime auditoris daTxovna mohyva, imis erT-erTi 

niSania, rom palatas aRmasrulebeli Stos gavlenian wevrebTan nebismier 

potenciur konfliqtSi warmatebis mcire Sansi aqvs. 47 

Sida auditis erTiani sistema mxolod 2010 martSi miRebuli sakanonmdeblo 

cvlilebebis Sedegad iqna SemoRebuli da es debulebebi praqtikaSi jer 

srulad ar xorcieldeba. saministroebSi Sida zedamxedvelobasa da kontrols 

aqamde generaluri inspeqciebi axorcielebdnen. erTiani sakanonmdeblo 

safuZvlebis ararsebobis pirobebSi, TiToeul saministros SeeZlo, 

misi generaluri inspeqtoratis saqmianobis wesebi Tavad ganesazRvra. amave 

dros, radgan inspeqciebi Sesabamis saministroebs eqvemdebarebian, maT 

saTanado Semowmebebis Casatareblad aucilebeli funqcionaluri damoukidebloba 

ar gaaCniaT. 48 Sesabamisad, maT efeqturobas „seriozulad amcirebs“ 

is garemoeba, rom maT damoukidebloba, resursebi da harmonizebuli 

procedurebi ar aqvT. 49 

aRmasrulebeli Stos maRali rangis moxeleebis samarTlebrivi devna Zalze 

iSviaTad xdeba. erTaderT gamonakliss Tavdacvis ministris, irakli 

oqruaSvilis, korufciis braldebiT dapatimreba warmoadgens. Tumca imis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, rom oqruaSvili mxolod maSin daapatimres, roca man 

opoziciaSi gadasvlis gadawyvetileba miiRo, gaurkvevelia, ramdenad gamodgeba 

es SemTxveva imis dasadastureblad, rom saqarTveloSi maRali 


angis moxeleebi korufciasTan dakavSirebuli danaSaulis gamo pasuxs 

ageben. rogorc erT-erTi eqsperti acxadebs, aRmasrulebeli Stos maRali 

rangis moxeleebs, romlebic korufciaSi gaerevian, savaraudod Tanamdebobidan 

aTavisufleben, Tumca prezidentma da mmarTveli partiis xelmZRvanelobam 

SesaZloa, aseTi SemTxvevebis gaxmaurebisgan da aseTi moxeleebisTvis 

oficialurad bralis wayenebisgan Tavi Seikavon. 50 

„ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) 

àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) daskvnis mixedviT, saqarTvelom biujetis 

momzadebis, ganxilvis, damtkicebis, Sesrulebisa da angariSgebis „jansaRi 

sistema“ Seqmna, radgan yvela finansuri tranzaqcia xazinis erTian angariSzea 

gaerTianebuli da miiCneva, rom xazina maTze efeqtur kontrols 

axorcielebs. 51 amave dros, „Ria biujetis indeqsis“ 2010 wlis angariSSi am 

sferos ramdenime xarvezic iyo miTiTebuli. kerZod, biujetis angariSebs 

amomwuravi auditi ar utardeba da maT saTanadod arc sakanonmdeblo organo 

swavlobs. 52 

im garemoebam, rom aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobaSi sazogadoebis azris 

gaTvaliswinebis samarTlebrivi valdebuleba ar arsebobs, praqtikaSic Sesabamisi 

xarvezi warmoSva. Tumca, SeimCneva garkveuli dadebiTi gamonaklisebic: 

rogorc premier-ministris mrCeveli acxadebs, sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobaSi 

bolo dros ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebis ganxilva biznes-seqtoris 

warmomadgenlebTan erTad mimdinareobda. 53 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleTa 

keTilsindisierebas uzrunvelyofs? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleTa keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelmyof saTanado wesebs Seicavs, xolo bolodroindeli sakanonmdeblo 

cvlilebebiT am wesebis aRsrulebis meqanizmic Camoyalibda. 

amis miuxedavad, kanoni saTanado SezRudvebs ar awesebs aRmasrulebeli 

Stos moxeleebis saqmianobaze mas Semdeg, rac isini saxelmwifo Tanamdebobas 

datoveben. 

sajaro moxeleTa, maT Soris aRmasrulebeli Stos warmomadgenelTa, mier 

movaleobebis keTilsindisier aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebuli wesebi Camoyalibebulia 

kanonebSi „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ 54 da „sajaro samsaxurSi 

interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb.“ 55 pirveli kanoni 

qcevis zogad wesebs adgens, meore ki ufro detalur debulebebs Seicavs. 

sajaro moxeleebs (maT Soris, aRmasrulebeli Stodan) ekrZalebaT maT 

TanamdebobasTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri privilegiis SeTavazeba da 

miReba. isini valdebuli arian, aRkveTon interesTa SeuTavseblobis nebismieri 

SemTxveva da/an ganacxadon mis Sesaxeb, aseve Sesabamis uwyebebs 

63 






52 International Budget Partnership, Open Budget 

Index 2010 Georgia, http://internationalbudget. 

org/files/OBI2010-Georgia.pdf (nanaxia 2010 

wlis 22 marts). 

53 Tamar kovziriZis (premier-ministris 

mrCeveli) interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 

2010 wlis 29 ivnisi. 

54 miRebulia 1997 wlis 31 oqtombers. 






oqtombers, muxli 73 (4). 

57 iqve, muxli 73 (5). 



Sesaxeb,“ muxli 5, 9-11, 13, 20. 

59 iqve, muxli 20 (4). 

60 iqve, muxli 20 (5). 


Sesaxeb,“ muxli 73 (5). 


64 

yovelwliurad acnobon maTi ojaxis wevrebis an axlo naTesavebis Sesaxeb, 

romlebic imave uwyebaSi muSaoben. 56 sajaro moxeleebs ekrZalebaT, miiRon 

nebismieri saCuqari an momsaxureba, romelmac SeiZleba maT maTi oficialuri 

movaleobebis SesrulebaSi xeli SeuSalos. maT uSualo xelmZRvanels 

unda acnobon nebismieri aseTi SeTavazebis Sesaxeb. rodesac sajaro 

moxeles xelSi Cauvardeba mtkicebulebebi da aqvs eWvi, rom misi kolega 

ukanono saqmianobas eweva, is valdebulia, amis Sesaxeb mis uSualo xelmZRvanels 

an samarTaldamcav organoebs Seatyobinos. 57 

kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“ 

adgens, rom sajaro moxeleebis mier wlis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli sa- 

Cuqrebis Rirebuleba maTi wliuri xelfasis 15 procents ar unda aRematebodes. 

sajaro moxeleTa ojaxis wevrebzec msgavsi SezRudva moqmedebs. 

sajaro moxeleebma, romlebic mTavrobis organos gadawyvetilebis miRebis 

procesSi monawileoben, maT uSualo xelmZRvanels an imave organos sxva 

wevrebs unda acnobon, Tu maT misaRebi gadawyvetilebis mimarT qonebrivi 

an sxva interesi aqvT. sajaro moxeles ufleba ar aqvs, moiTxovos anazRaureba 

an saCuqari im momsaxurebisTvis, romlis gaweva mas kanoniT dadgenili 

gasamrjelos safasurad evaleba an dados qonebrivi garigeba im saxazino 

dawesebulebasTan, romelSic mas Tanamdeboba ukavia. sajaro moxeles ufleba 

ar aqvs, asrulebdes raime anazRaurebad samuSaos, garda samecniero 

an SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobisa. sajaro moxeles da misi ojaxis wevrebs ufleba 

ar aqvT, ekavoT raime Tanamdeboba, muSaobdnen an flobdnen aqciebs 

sawarmoSi, romlis saqmianobis kontrolic sajaro moxelis uflebamosilebas 

ganekuTvneba. sajaro moxeleTa mier am paragrafSi CamoTvlili debulebebis 

darRveva iwvevs maT disciplinarul pasuxismgeblobas an Tanamdebobidan 

gaTavisuflebas. 58 


Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romelTa mizans mamxileblebis dacva 

warmoadgens. kanoni pirdapir krZalavs mamxileblis daSinebas, mis mimarT 

zewolas da diskriminacias. mamxilebeli ar SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros administraciul 

an sisxlissamarTlebriv dasjas an sadavo sakiTxTan dakavSirebul 

gamoZiebas, sanam sadavo saqmis gamokvleva ar dasruldeba. 59 mamxileblebs 

ufleba aqvT, mimarTon sasamarTlos da moiTxovon saxelmwifos 

mier maTi dacva, Tu maT an maT ojaxs safrTxe emuqreba. 60 kanoni sajaro 

moxeleebs avaldebulebs, ar gaamJRavnon mamxileblis vinaoba, ar dauSvan 

maTi reputaciis Selaxva da daicvan isini, raTa ar gauaresdes maTi samsaxureobrivi 

mdgomareoba. 61 

kanoni „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ awesebs garkveul SezRudvebs sajaro 

moxeleTa saqmianobaze, mas Semdeg, rac isini sajaro Tanamdebobas datoveben. 

kerZod, Tanamdebobis datovebidan sami wlis ganmavlobaSi sajaro 

moxeleebs ekrZalebaT im sawarmoSi muSaoba an misgan xelfasis miReba, 

romelsac isini samsaxureobrivad zedamxedvelobdnen. 62 Tumca naklebad 

savaraudoa, rom es debuleba qmediTi iqneba aRmasrulebeli Stos maRali 

Tanamdebobis pirebis SemTxvevaSi, radgan isini sawarmoebze uSualo zedamxedvelobas 

ar axorcieleben. amasTanave, kanonmdebloba ar iTvalis- 


winebs konkretul SezRudvebs ministrebis Semdgom dasaqmebaze da Tanamdebobis 

pirTa moZraobaze mTavrobasa da kerZo seqtors Soris. 

bolo dromde saqarTveloSi zemoxsenebuli antikorufciuli wesebis 

aRsrulebis specialuri samarTlebrivi meqanizmi ar arsebobda. Tumca 2010 

wlis martSi „saxelmwifo Sida auditisa da inspeqtirebis“ kanonis miRebis 

Semdeg samTavrobo dawesebulebebi valdebuli arian, Seqmnan Sida auditis 

subieqtebi, romelTa movaleobebSi, sxva funqciebTan erTad, Sesabamisi 

dawesebulebebis TanamSromlebis interesTa SeuTavseblobis faqtebis 

gamovlenac Sedis. 63 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia aRmasrulebeli Stos moxeleTa keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

marTalia arsebuli antikorufciuli wesebis praqtikaSi Sesrulebis Sesaxeb 

vrceli informacia ar arsebobs, magram arsebobs safuZveli vivaraudoT, 

rom es wesebi amJamad saTanadod ar sruldeba. 

organizacia Global Integrity 2009 wlis angariSSi sworad aRniSnavs, rom sajaro 

moxeleTa mier Tanamdebobis datovebis Semdeg arsebuli SezRudvebis 

Sesrulebis monitoringis aranairi mdgradi meqanizmi ar arsebobs. 64 igive 

SeiZleba iTqvas sxva antikorufciul wesebzec. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, 

kanoni, romelic interesTa SeuTavseblobis SemTxvevebis gamosaZieblad Sida 

auditis subieqtebis Seqmnas iTvaliswinebs, 2010 wlis martSi iqna miRebuli 

da aRmasrulebeli Stos uwyebebSi aRniSnuli subieqtebis Seqmnis procesis 

dasrulebamde jer kidev Soria: aRmasrulebeli Stos zog uwyebas (Sinagan 

saqmeTa, Tavdacvisa da iusticiis saministroebs) maTi Seqmna 2013 wlamde ar 

evaleba. manamde efeqturi zedamxedvelobis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba 

ar arsebobs, radgan, rogorc erT-erTi eqsperti aRniSnavs, arc kontrolis 

palata da arc generaluri inspeqciebi mTavrobis saqmianobis Seswavlisas 

interesTa SeuTavseblobis debulebebze aqcents ar akeTeben. 65 

aRmasrulebeli Stos maRali Tanamdebobis pirTa interesTa SeuTavseblobis 

SemTxvevebi ukanasknel periodSi ar gaxmaurebula, Tumca Zneli saTqmelia, 

es darRvevebis ararsebobis Sedegia Tu arasaTanado monitoringis. 

aseve Zneli Sesafasebelia mamxilebelTa dacvis arsebuli wesebis efeqturoba, 

radgan jer-jerobiT korufciaSi mxilebis gaxmaurebul SemTxvevebs 

adgili ar hqonia. 

sajaro moxeleTa komerciul struqturebSi gadasvlis sakiTxi SeSfoTebas 

iwvevs imdenad, ramdenadac kanoni aseT qmedebas pirdapir ar krZalavs. 

aRmasrulebeli Stos ramdenime maRali rangis Tanamdebobis pirma (maT 

Soris, orma premier-ministrma) Tanamdebobis datovebidan maleve komerciul 

struqturebSi gadainacvla. 

65 


auditisa da inspeqtirebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 6. 


Georgia 2009, 74. 







Barometer 2009, (Transparency International, 

2009), 29, 32. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 4. 

69 lari heldi, USAID–is mier dafinansebuli 

proeqtis „saxelmwifo marTvis reforma“ 

warmomadgenlobis yofili xelmZRvaneli 

„ganaTlebis ganviTarebis akademiaSi“ 

(AED). interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 

wlis 30 ivnisi. 




Stiftung, 2009), 26. 

66 

roli: sajaro seqtoris marTva (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad dainteresebulia aRmasrulebeli Sto efeqtiani sajaro 

seqtoris CamoyalibebiT da ramdenad CarTulia mis SeqmnaSi? 

aRmasrulebelma Stom saerTo dafinansebis gazrdiTa da dabal doneze 

korufciis SemcirebiT sajaro seqtoris mniSvnelovan gaumjobesebas miaRwia. 

Tumca damoukidebeli da efeqtiani sajaro seqtoris ganviTarebas xels 

mis saqmianobaSi aRmasrulebeli Stos gadametebuli Careva da srulmas- 

Stabiani reformis ararseboba uSlis. 

qarTuli kanonmdebloba mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs, romlebic aRmasrulebeli 

Stos mier sajaro seqtoris marTvas exeba. marTalia, sajaro seqtoris 

sferoSi saxelmwifo politikis gansazRvra ZiriTadad parlamentis 

prerogativaa, magram kanoni am politikis Camoyalibebasa da ganxorcielebaSi 

aRmasrulebeli Stos monawileobasac iTvaliswinebs. es monawileoba 

sajaro samsaxuris biuros meSveobiT xdeba, romelic prezidentis winaSe 

angariSvaldebuli organoa da sajaro samsaxurSi arsebuli mdgomareobis 

analizi da sajaro uwyebebSi adamianuri resursebis marTvis koordinireba 

evaleba. 66 

praqtikaSi, amJamindeli mTavrobis mmarTvelobis periodSi sajaro samsaxurSi 

zogierTi mniSvnelovani dadebiTi cvlileba ganxorcielda. kerZod, 

gaizarda seqtoris saerTo dafinanseba da Semcirda administraciuli korufcia. 

67 amis miuxedavad, seqtoris srulmasStabiani reforma ar ganxorcielebula. 

rogorc „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ 

(OECD) „antikorufciuli qselis“ (ACN) daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, 

„miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifo samsaxuris zogi elementi TandaTan 

transformacias ganicdis, saxelmwifo samsaxuris reformas mainc aklia 

mkafiod gamoxatuli saerTo midgoma da Tanmimdevruli strategia.“ 68 erTerTi 

eqsperti, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra da romelsac saqarTvelos sajaro seqtorTan muSaobis didi 

gamocdileba aqvs, acxadebs, rom amJamad aseTi reformis gatarebisa da 

profesionaluri sajaro samsaxuris Seqmnis politikuri neba ar arsebobs, 

radgan aRmasrulebeli Stos xelmZRvanelobas miaCnia, rom mas gardamaval 

periodSi sxvadasxva sajaro uwyebebis moqnili marTva sWirdeba da eSinia, 

xisti wesebiT ar Seizudos. 69 sxva eqspertis mosazrebiT, mTavrobis am midgomis 

mizezi aRmasrulebeli Stos xelmZRvanelobaSi farTod gavrcelebuli 

mosazrebaa, romlis mixedviT sajaro samsaxuri kerZo seqtors unda 

baZavdes da sajaro samsaxuris menejerebisTis araefeqtur daqiravebul 

pirTa daTxovna zedmetad gaZnelebuli ar unda iyos. 70 

„bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsis“ angariSis mixedviT, is garemoeba, 

rom mTavroba korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi damsjel komponents zedmetad 

eyrdnoba, xSirad sajaro samsaxuris yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi „aRmasrulebeli 

Stos garkveulwilad TviTnebul Carevas“ ganapirobebs, rac 

xels uSlis instituciuri praqtikis Camoyalibebas. 71 es mosazreba gaimeora 


erT-erTma eqspertmac, romelmac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqar- 

Tvelos“ ganucxada, rom aRmasrulebeli Sto zogjer zedmetad aqtiurad 

ereva saxelmwifo samsaxuris saqmianobaSi, xolo ministrebi xSirad mikromenejments 

mimarTaven. 72 

amave dros, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT sajaro seqtoris sxvadasxva uwyebebSi 

arsebul gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebul problemebs (romlebzec ufro 

detaluri informacia am angariSis Sesabamis TavebSia mocemuli), iqmneba 

STabeWdileba, rom aRmasrulebeli Sto sajaro seqtors gamWvirvaled 

muSaobisTvis saTanado stimuls ar aZlevs. 

2011 

roli: samarTlebrivi sistema (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad prioritetulia aRmasrulebeli StosTvis sajaro seqtoris 

angariSvaldebuleba da korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola? 

saqarTvelos aRmasrulebeli Stos amJamindelma xelmZRvanelobam 2004 

wels xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola erTerT 

upirveles prioritetad aqcia. mTavrobam mkveTrad Seamcira dabali 

donis korufcia da ganaxorciela mTeli rigi samarTlebrivi reformebi. 

Tumca is garemoeba, rom xelisuflebis maRal doneze Zalauflebis borotad 

gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi kvlavac arsebobs, xolo mTavrobis antikorufciuli 

politika metwilad samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier gatarebuli 

RonisZiebebiT Semoifargleba, am sferoSi meti warmatebis SesaZleblobas 

amcirebs. 

saqarTvelos mTavroba korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolas 2004 wels qveynis 

amJamindeli prezidentisa da mmarTveli partiis xelisuflebaSi mosvlis 

Semdeg mniSvnelovan yuradRebas uTmobda. man korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi 

Tavidanve Zalze „mtkice neba“ gamoavlina da Tanamdebobis pirebi maT 

gamosvlebSi am Temaze xSirad saubrobdnen. 73 amis Sedegad, saqarTveloSi 

dabali donis korufcia mniSvnelovnad Semcirda: 2009 wlis „globaluri 

korufciis barometris“ mixedviT, saqarTveloSi bolo 12 Tvis manZilze 

qrTami mxolod gamokiTxul pirTa 2 procents hqonda gadaxdili. 74 mTavrobis 

amJamindeli programa am sferoSi miRweuli winsvlis ganmtkicebas 

isaxavs miznad. 75 

aRmasrulebelma Stom, sakanonmdeblo organosTan erTad, ganaxorciela 

mTeli rigi samarTlebrivi cvlilebebi, romlebic miznad korufciis riskebis 

Semcirebasa da sajaro seqtoris angariSvaldebulebis gazrdas isaxavda. 

samarTlebrivi reformebi moicavs sajaro mosamsaxureTa da Tanamdebobis 

pirTa keTilsindisierebis maregulirebel wesebs, mamxileblebis 

damcav debulebebs, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sistemisa da umaRlesi auditoruli 

dawesebulebis reformas da, aseve, sajaro dawesebulebebSi Sida 

auditis subieqtebis Seqmnas. reformebis detalebi da praqtikaSi maT mier 

moxdenili gavlena ganxilulia am angariSis Sesabamis TavebSi. 

67 

72 lari heldis interviu avtorTan. 




Monitoring, 10. 



2009), 29, 32. 

75 saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenileba 

mTavrobis wevrebisTvis da mTavrobis 

programisTvis ndobis gamocxadebis 

Sesaxeb, 2010 wlis 2 ivlisi, 

http://www.government.gov.ge/old/ 








Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report,10; 

Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2010, 

Georgia, (Freedom House, 2010), 228-229. 






Monitoring,11. 

68 

mniSvnelovan miRwevebTan erTad, mTavrobis antikorufciul politikas 

mniSvnelovani xarvezebic axlavs Tan. araerTi zemoT aRwerili samarTlebrivi 

norma Sesabamisi aRsrulebis meqanizmebis ararsebobis gamo praqtikaSi 

jer srulad ar xorcieldeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifo 

mmarTvelobis qveda doneebze korufcia Semcirda da TiTqmis aRmoifxvra, 

gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom maRali donis korufcia, SesaZloa, isev problemas 

warmoadgendes. 76 am mosazrebis sisworis Semowmeba an dasabuTeba 

rTulia, radgan, rogorc „bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsSi“ sworad 

aris aRniSnuli, bolo dros mniSvnelovnad gaizarda nepotizmisa da Sida 

garigebebis SesaZleblobebi, radgan xelisufleba erTmaneTTan mWidrod 

dakavSirebul pirTa viwro wris xelSia koncentrirebuli.“ 77 aRmasrulebeli 

Stos metismetma gavlenam sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebaze 

(rac ganxilulia am angariSis Sesabamis TavebSi) Seasusta ur- 

TierTdabalansebisa da kontrolis sistema da amrigad Seamcira misi angariSvaldebulebis 

xarisxi. 

amave dros, mTavrobis antokorfciul RonisZiebebSi farTo sazogadoeba 

naklebad aris CarTuli. rogorc „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganvi- 

Tarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) daskvnaSia 

aRniSnuli, korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze 

mTavrobis sazogadoebasTan urTierToba ZiriTadad prokurorebis mier 

pres-konferenciebis CatarebiT amoiwureba, xolo am sferoSi momuSave sxva 

Tanamdebobis pirebi (magaliTad, antikorufciuli politikis sakoordinacio 

sabWos wevrebi) maTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb sazogadoebas aranair 

informacias ar awvdian. 78 


eziume 

saqarTveloSi mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo normebi moqmedebs, romelTa 

mizani sasamarTlos damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa. Tumca, praqtikaSi, 

prokuratura da aRmasrulebeli Sto arajerovan gavlenas axdenen sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebaze sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis ganxilvis dross, 

aseve im saqmeebis ganxilvisas, sadac sasworze qveynis politikuri xelmZRvanelobis 

interesebi devs. sasamarTlos damoukideblobis naklebobam aseve 

Seasusta misi unari, ganaxorcielos zedamxedveloba aRmasrulebeli 

Stos saqmianobaze. dadebiTi kuTxiT, ukanasknel wlebSi mkveTrad gaizarda 

sasamarTlosTvis gamoyofili sabiujeto dafinanseba, ris Sedegadac mniSvnelovnad 

imata xelfasebma, gaumjobesda infrastruqtura, aRWurviloba 

da kadrebi. sasamarTloebSi aRmoifxvra meqrTameoba da miiCneva, rom mosamarTleebi 

zogadad damoukidebelni arian samoqalaqo saqmeebis ganxilvisas. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili qulebiT Sefasebulia sasamarTlos 

SesaZleblobebi, Sida mmarTveloba da misi roli saqarTvelos antikorufciul 

sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia TiToeuli 

indikatoris Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 








roli zedamxedveloba aRmasrulebel Stoze 25 

25/100 

2011 69 

3. 

sasamarTlo xelisufleba



2 iqve, muxli 83, 89, 88. 

3 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni „saerTo 

sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 2009 

wlis 4 dekembers, muxli 2. 



sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 47. 



sakonstitucio sasamarTlos wevrTa 

Sromis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 

2007 wlis 4 ivliss; saqarTvelos kanoni 

„saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis 

mosamarTleTa Sromis anazRaurebis 


dekembers. 

70 


saqarTvelos konstituciis mixedviT, qveynis sasamarTlo xelisufleba sakonstitucio 

sasamarTlosa da saerTo sasamarTloebisgan Sedgeba. 1 

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo „sakonstitucio kontrolis umaRlesi sasamar- 

Tlo organoa~, romlis movaleobas kanonebis, saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebisa 

da xelisuflebis sxvadasxva organoTa mier gamocemuli kanonqvemdebare 

aqtebis konstituciasTan Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofa da saxelmwifo 

organoebs Soris kompetenciebis Sesaxeb davebis ganxilva warmoadgens. sakonstitucio 

sasamarTlo cxra mosamarTlisgan Sedgeba: prezidents, parlamentsa 

da uzenaes sasamarTlos sam-sami mosamarTlis daniSvnis ufleba 

aqvT. 2 

saerTo sasamarTloebis sistemaSi Sedian saolqo da saqalaqo sasamarTloebi, 

saapelacio sasamarTlo da uzenaesi sasamarTlo. 3 uzenaesi sasamar- 

Tlos Tavmjdomaresa da mosamarTleebs prezidentis wardginebiT irCevs 

parlamenti. 4 saolqo da saqalaqo sasamarTloebisa da saapelacio sasamarTlos 

mosamarTleebs niSnavs iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo – organo, romelsac 

mosamarTleebis daniSvna da gaTavisufleba, mosamarTleTa sakvalifikacio 

gamocdebis organizeba da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis reformis 

gasatareblad winadadebebis SemuSaveba evaleba. iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis, prezidentisa da parlamentis mier gamwesebuli 

15 wevrisagan Sedgeba da mas uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare xelmZRvanelobs. 

5 mosamarTleTa konferencia aris saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamar- 

TleTa TviTmmarTvelobis organo, romelic niSnavs sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

warmomadgenlebs iusticiis umaRles sabWoSi. 6 

Sefaseba 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba mosamarTleTa uflebamosilebis 

vadis gansazRvris saTanado politikas, aseve, saTanado Sromis 

anazRaurebasa da samuSao pirobebs? 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebisTvis sxvadasxva resursis xelmisawvdomoba 

kanonis mkafio debulebebiT regulirdeba. kanonmdeblobis yvelaze didi 

xarvezi is aris, rom is sasamarTlo xelisuflebis biujetis SedgenaSi 

dabali rangis sasamarTloTa CarTulobas ar uzrunvelyofs. 

sakonstitucio sasamarTlosa da saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa 

xelfasebis odenoba ganisazRvreba specialuri sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT: 

kanonebiT „saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos wevrTa Sromis anaz- 

Raurebis Sesaxeb“ da „saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa 

Sromis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb.“ 7 es ori kanoni adgens yvela mosamarTlis 


Sromis anazRaurebis odenobas da icavs maT saxelfaso ganakveTis TviTneburi 

Semcirebisgan. kidev erTi sakanonmdeblo debuleba mosamarTlis 

uflebamosilebis vadis ganmavlobaSi misi saxelfaso ganakveTis Semcirebas 

krZalavs. 8 Tumca, amave dros, kanonebi, romlebic saxelfaso ganakveTebs 

adgens, ar iTvaliswinebs maT avtomatur koreqtirebas inflaciis maCveneblis 

mixedviT. 

kanonmdebloba sasamarTlo xelisuflebas saxelmwifo biujetSi sasamarTloebisTvis 

gankuTvnili yovelwliuri asignebebis gansazRvris procesSi 

monawileobis saSualebas aZlevs. saerTo sasamarTloebis (uzenaesi sasamarTlos 

garda) biujetis proeqts mTavrobas iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos 

Tavmjdomare warudgens, xolo uzenaesi sasamarTlos biujetis proeqts – 

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare. 9 sakonstitucio sasamarTlos biujetis 

proeqts finansTa saministros sakonstitucio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare 

warudgens. 10 sakonstitucio sasamarTlos ar SeiZleba gamoeyos imaze 

mcire dafinanseba, vidre man wina wels miiRo, 11 xolo saerTo sasamarTloebisTvis 

gamoyofili dafinansebis Semcireba (wina welTan SedarebiT) mxolod 

iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos TanxmobiT SeiZleba. 12 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, kanonmdebloba ar uzrunvelyofs saerTo 

sasamarTloebis (uzenaesi sasamarTlos garda) monawileobas maTi biujetebis 

damtkicebis procesSi. saerTo sasamarTloebis biujetis proeqts iusticiis 

umaRlesi sabWos saerTo sasamarTloebis departamenti 13 adgens da 

kanoni mas am procesSi sasamarTloebis azris gaTvaliswinebas pirdapir 

ar avaldebulebs. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad aqvs sasamarTlo xelisuflebas praqtikaSi efeqtiani muSaobisTvis 

saWiro finansuri resursebi, personali da infrastruqtura? 

2004 wels dawyebuli biujetis mkveTri zrdis Sedegad, saqarTvelos sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebisTvis xelmisawvdomi resursebis raodenoba bolo 

wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. amJamad mosamarTleebs adeqvaturi odenobis 

xelfasebi eZlevaT, sasamarTloebs ki saTanado infrastruqtura da 

aRWurviloba aqvT da Sesabamisi raodenobis damxmare personaliT arian 

dakompleqtebuli. Tumca, zogierTi wyaros Tanaxmad, qveda rangis sasamar- 

Tloebi yovelTvis sakmaris dafinansebas ver iReben, radgan maTi biujetebis 

Sedgenis procesSi maTi roli SezRudulia. amave dros, rogorc Cans, 

sasamarTloebi mosamarTleTa arasakmarisi raodenobis gamo gadatvirTulia, 

rac imaze miuTiTebs, rom qveyana SesaZloa mosamarTleobis kvalificiuri 

kandidatebis naklebobas ganicdides. 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis saerTo biujeti 2003-2009 wlebSi yovelwliurad 

izrdeboda. is am periodSi TiTqmis gaoTxmagda da 11 milionidan 44 

milion lars miaRwia. 2010 wels sasamarTloebis dafinanseba 39 milion 

71 




10 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni 

„sakonstitucio sasamarTlos Sesaxeb,“ 

muxli 3. 

11 iqve. 



13 iqve. 

3. sasamarTlo xelisufleba

14 monacemebi aRebulia saqarTvelos uzenaesi 

sasamarTlos veb-gverdidan: 

http://www.supremecourt.ge/default.aspx?sec_ 

id=855&lang=1 (nanaxia 2010 wlis 15 

oqtombers). 

15 laSa maRraZis (uzenaesi sasamarTlos 

Tavmjdomaris biuros ufrosi) interviu 

avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 21 

oqtomberi. 

16 American Bar Association, Judicial Reform Index 

for Georgia, Volume II, (American Bar 

Association, 2008), 2, 30-34, 55-56. 

17 iqve, 2. 

18 giorgi paiWaZis („germaniis teqnikuri 

TanamSromlobis sazogadoebis“ eqsperti) 

interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 8 

oqtomberi. 

19 citirebulia: Transparency International 

Georgia, European Neighbourhood Policy: 

Monitoring Georgia’s Anti-Corruption 

Commitments (Tbilisi: Transparency International 

Georgia, 2010), 18. 

20 American Bar Association, Judicial Reform 

Index for Georgia, Volume II, 49. 

21 iqve, gv. 30. 

22 giorgi paiWaZis interviu avtorTan. 

72 

laramde Semcirda, magram maT biujetSi xelfasebis wili 60 procentidan 

73 procentamde gaizarda. 14 

2010 wels aseve Semcirda mravali saministrosa da sxva saxelmwifo organoebis 

biujetebi, rac saerTo xelmomWirne fiskaluri politikiT iyo ganpirobebuli. 

amave dros, wina wlebSi gamoyofili ufro didi dafinanseba 

infrastruqturis gaumjobesebis process ukavSirdeboda, rac 2010 wlis- 

Tvis didwilad dasrulda. 15 

sabiujeto dafinansebis zrdam mTeli rigi dadebiTi cvlilebebi gamoiwvia 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebisTvis sxvadasxva resursis xelmisawvdomis TvalsazrisiT. 

kerZod, „amerikis advokatTa asociaciis“ informaciiT, saqarTvelos 

sasamarTloebSi dasaqmebuli mdivnebis, TanaSemweebisa da staJiorebis 

rixvi sakmarisia da isini mosamarTleebs maTi movaleobebis Sesruleba- 

Si exmarebian. sasamarTloebSi gaizarda kompiuterebis, aslgadamRebi da 

faqsis aparatebis raodenoba, da mosamarTleebsa da sasamarTlos TanamSromlebs 

xeli miuwvdebaT internetze. kanonmdebloba indeqsirebulia da 

yvela mosamarTlisTvis xelmisawvdomia eleqtronuli monacemTa bazis 

saxiT. mimdinareobs arsebuli sasamarTlo Senobebis remonti da Sendeba 

axali Senobebi, rac mosamarTleebs „respeqtabelur garemosa da Sesabamis 

infrastruqturas“ uqmnis. 16 

mosamarTleebis xelfasebi bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. „amerikis 

advokatTa asociaciis“ mosazrebiT, mosamarTleebi sakmaris anazRaurebas 

iReben, raTa ojaxebi damatebiTi Semosavlis gareSe Seinaxon. 17 miuxedavad 

imisa, rom mosamarTleebis xelfasebi yvelaze maRalanazRaurebadi advokatebis 

Semosavals sakmaod CamorCeba, 18 isini mainc sakmarisia cxovrebis 

normaluri donis uzrunvelsayofad da sajaro samsaxuris maRali Tanamdebobis 

pirTa Sromis anazRaurebas ar Camouvardeba. 

mosamarTleobis kandidatebma unda gaiaron savaldebulo saswavlo kursi 

„iusticiis umaRles skolaSi,“ romelic iuridiul ganaTlebas moqmed mosamarTleebsac 

sTavazobs. skolis xelmZRvanelis TqmiT, 300 moqmedi mosamarTlidan 

TiTqmis yvela „iusticiis umaRles skolaSi“ weliwadSi xuTd- 

Rian swavlebas mainc gadis. 19 mosamarTled daniSvnamde kandidatebi gadian 

savaldebulo kursebs samosamarTlo eTikaSi. msgavsi saswavlo kursebi 

moqmed mosamarTleebsac utardebaT. 20 

uzenaesi da sakonstitucio sasamarTloebi sakuTar biujetebs Tavad adgenen 

da sabiujeto procesis dros parlamentSi maT lobirebas ewevian. 21 amis 

miuxedavad, zogi eqsperti acxadebs, rom sabiujeto procesi zedmetad centralizebulia 

da dabali rangis sasamarTloebs masze mcire gavlena aqvT. 22 

„amerikis advokatTa asociacia“ aseve aRniSnavs, rom iusticiis umaRlesi 

sabWos saerTo sasamarTloebis departamenti (romelsac saolqo, saqalaqo 

da saapelacio sasamarTloebis biujetebis Sedgena evaleba) am sasamarTloebis 

interesebs yovelTvis ar iTvaliswinebs. amis Sedegad, isini yovel- 

Tvis saTanado dafinansebas ver iReben. amasTanave, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

procesic centralizebulia. saolqo da saqalaqo sasamarTloebma saWiro 


inventaris SesaZenad iusticiis umaRles sabWos ganacxadiT unda mimarTon 

(nacvlad imisa, rom Sesyidvebi Tavad ganaxorcielon), ris gamoc maT xSirad 

yvela saWiro aRWurviloba ar gaaCniaT. 23 am mosazrebebs ar iziareben sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi, romelTac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra. maT ganacxades, rom saerTo sasamarTloebis 

departamenti saerTo sasamarTloebis interesebs yovelTvis iTvaliswinebs 

da maT saWiroebebs detalurad swavlobs. 24 

rogorc „amerikis advokatTa asociacia“ aRniSnavs, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

kidev erTi problema is aris, rom amJamad arsebuli mosamarTlis 

TanamdebobaTa ricxvi sakmarisi ar aris da sasamarTloebi Zalze gadatvir- 

Tulni arian. 25 Tumca, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma, romelTac 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, ganacxades, 

rom bolo wlebSi mdgomareoba ukeTesobisken icvleba. maT xazgasmiT 

aRniSnes, rom sasamarTlo axal mosamarTleebs manamde ver daasaqmebs, vidre 

isini iusticiis umaRles skolas ar daamTavreben. maT aseve ganacxades, 

rom Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo amJamad erTaderTi sasamarTloa, romelsac 

SeiZleba gadatvirTuli ewodos. 26 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelia sasamarTlo xelisufleba kanonis mixedviT? 

konstitucia da mTeli rigi sxva kanonebi Seicavs debulebebs, romelTa 

mizans mosamarTleebis damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofa warmoadgens. amis 

miuxedavad, is debulebebi, romlebic mosamarTleTa uflebamosilebis 

vadasa da iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos Semadgenlobas exeba, sasamarTlos 

srul damoukideblobas ver uzrunvelyofs, xolo zogierTi kanoni Seicavs 

xarvezebs, romlebic xels uSlis sasamarTlos damoukideblobis gazrdas. 

saqarTvelos sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukidebloba garantirebulia 

konstituciiT, romelic acxadebs, rom mosamarTle Tavis saqmianobaSi damoukidebeli 

unda iyos da mxolod kanons emorCilebodes. mosamarTleebze 

zemoqmedeba da maT saqmianobaSi Careva akrZalulia da kanoniT isjeba. 27 

uzenaesi da sakonstitucio sasamarTloebis uflebamosilebebi gamyarebulia 

konstituciiT da maTi Secvla mxolod sakonstitucio cvlilebebis 

gziT aris SesaZlebeli, romlis miRebas parlamentis sruli Semadgenlobis 

sul cota ori mesamedis mxardaWera sWirdeba. 28 

konstituciis mixedviT, mosamarTleebi xelSeuxeblobiT sargebloben da 

maTi dapatimreba mxolod danaSaulze waswrebis SemTxvevaSia dasaSvebi. 

mosamarTlis sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema an dapatimrebuli 

mosamarTlis patimrobaSi datoveba dasaSvebia mxolod uzenaesi sasamarTlos 

Tavmjdomaris TanxmobiT (sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mosamarTlis 

an Tavmjdomaris SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia sakonstitucio sasamarTlos 

73 


Index for Georgia, Volume II, 30-31. 

24 laSa kalandaZis (Tbilisis saapelacio 

sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis 

Tavmjdomare), giorgi mirotaZis 

(iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos samosamarTlo 

eTikisa da disciplinaruli 

sasamarTalwarmoebis departamentis 

Tavmjdomare), da laSa maRraZis (uzenaesi 

sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris biuros 

xelmZRvaneli) interviuebi avtorTan, 


25 iqve, gv. 57. 




(iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos samosamarTlo 





xelmZRvaneli) interviuebi avtorTan, 



28 iqve, muxli 88, 90, 102. 


29 iqve, muxlebi 87-88, 90. 



sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 63, 65. 


33 saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa 

asociacia, „marTlmsajuleba 

saqarTveloSi,“ (Tbilisi: saia, 2010), gv. 7-10. 


sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 34-35. 

74 

nebarTva, xolo uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTlis an Tavmjdomaris Sem- 

TxvevaSi – parlamentis Tanxmoba). 29 

mosamarTleebs konstituciiT ekrZalebaT politikuri partiis wevroba 

an politikur saqmianobaSi Cabma. maT arc paralelurad sxva Tanamdebobis 

dakavebis an sxva anazRaurebadi samuSaos Sesrulebis ufleba aqvT, garda 

pedagogiuri da samecniero saqmianobisa. 30 amave dros, mosamarTleebs profesiuli 

asociaciebis Camoyalibeba ar ekrZalebaT. metic, kanoni moiTxovs, 

rom saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebma, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

damoukideblobis ganmtkicebis mizniT, Seqmnan TviTmmarTvelobis organo 

– saqarTvelos mosamarTleTa konferencia. konferenciis uflebamosilebebi 

moicavs iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos mdivnisa da wevrTa umravlesobis 

arCevas. 31 

mosamarTleTa daniSvnaSi monawileobas iReben rogorc politikosebi, ise 

am sferos profesionalebi. politikosebi wamyvan rols asruleben uzenaesi 

sasamarTlosa (yvela wevrs parlamenti irCevs) da sakonstitucio sasamarTlos 

(wevrTa or mesameds parlamenti da prezidenti niSnavs) mosamarTleebis 

daniSvnaSi. sxva sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebs iusticiis umaRlesi 

sabWo niSnavs, romelsac uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare xelmZRvanelobs. 

kanoni moiTxovs, rom iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos wevrTa umetesoba 

mosamarTleTa konferenciam daniSnos, riTac daniSvnebis procesze kontrolis 

uflebas sasamarTlos sferos profesionalebs gadascems. 32 amis miuxedavad, 

rogorc „saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia“ (saia) 

aRniSnavs, am garantiis efeqtianobas is debuleba amcirebs, romelic adgens, 

rom mosamarTlis daniSvnis gadawyvetilebas iusticiis sabWoSi Semavali 

xelisuflebis samive Stos (sakanonmdeblos, aRmasrulebelisa da sasamarTlos) 

warmomadgenlebi unda daeTanxmon, riTac prezidentisa da parlamentis 

warmomadgenlebs mosamarTlis daniSvnis gadawyvetilebaze vetos 

ufleba eniWebaT. saia-m aseve kritika gamoTqva im garemoebis gamo, rom mar- 

Talia iusticiis sabWos wevrTa umetesobas mosamarTleTa konferencia 

irCevs, magram kandidatebis wardgenis ufleba mxolod uzenaesi sasamar- 

Tlos Tavmjdomares aqvs. iusticis umaRlesi sabWos damoukideblobas SesaZloa 

is debulebac amcirebdes, romelic prezidents sabWoSi mis mier 

daniSnuli wevrebis nebismier dros gawvevis uflebas aniWebs. 33 

kanoni moiTxovs, rom mosamarTleobis kandidatebi konkursis wesiT iqnen 

SerCeuli da maTTvis profesiul kriteriumebsac adgens. mosamarTleobis 

kandidatebs umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba da specialobiT muSaobis 

sul mcire xuTi wlis gamocdileba unda hqondeT. 34 

arsebuli kanonmdebloba mosamarTleebs Tanamdebobidan TviTneburi ga- 

Tavisuflebisgan icavs. uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris Tanamdebobidan 

gaTavisufleba mxolod parlamentis mier impiCmentis wesiT SeiZleba, 

Tu is konstitucias daarRvevs an sisxlis samarTlis danaSauls Caidens. 

uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da sxva saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebis 

Tanamdebobidan gaTavisufleba iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos prerogativaa. 

kanonSi CamoTvlilia mosamarTlis Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis 


legitimuri safuZlebi, rac am mxriv iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos moqmedebis 

Tavisuflebas zRudavs. 35 sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mosamarTlis Tanamdebobidan 

gaTavisufleba mxolod am sasamarTlos SeuZlia da mxolod im 

SemTxvevaSi, Tu saxezea Sesabamis kanonSi CamoTvlili romelime konkretuli 

mizezi. 36 

saqarTveloSi amJamad mosamarTleebi Tanamdebobaze uvadod ar iniSnebian. 

yvela rangis sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis uflebamosilebis vada 10 welia. 

37 rogorc veneciis komisiis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, mosamarTleTa damoukideblobis 

uzrunvelsayofad, maTi Tanamdebobaze uvadod (sapensio 

asakamde) daniSvna umjobesi iqneboda. 38 2010 wlis sakonstitucio cvlilebebis 

Sedegad, uvado uflebamosilebis vada SemoRebul iqna, magram es 

cvlileba 2013 wlamde ar amoqmeddeba. 

kanonmdeblobaSi aris debulebebi, romlebic mosamarTleebs arajerovani 

zemoqmedebisgan icavs. sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvis periodSi dainteresebul 

pirebs, sajaro mosamsaxureebsa da politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebs 

ekrZalebaT saerTo sasamarTlos mosamarTlesTan nebismieri saxis komunikacia, 

romelic miznad isaxavs sasamarTlo procesis Sedegze gavlenis moxdenas 

da ewinaaRmdegeba mosamarTlis damoukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis 

principebs. 39 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad Tavisufalia sasamarTlo xelisufleba mis saqmianobaSi mTavrobis 

an sxva aqtorebis Carevisgan praqtikaSi? 

sasamarTlo xelisufleba damoukidebeli ar aris sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis 

ganxilvisas (prokuraturis zegavlenis gamo), aseve sxva tipis saqmeebis 

ganxilvisas, sadac sasworze mTavrobis politikuri interesebi devs 

(magaliTad, saarCevno davebisa). rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, sasamarTloebi 

samoqalaqo da administraciuli saqmeebis umetesobas, rogorc Cans, 

damoukideblad da kanonis Sesabamisad ganixilaven. 

saqarTvelos sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukidebloba ukanasknel 

wlebSi araerTxel gamxdara eWvis sagani. magaliTad, 2010 wlis seqtemberSi 

saxalxo damcvelma sagazeTo interviuSi ganacxada, rom „aSkaraa, rom sasamarTlo 

damoukidebeli ar aris.“ 40 2010 wels „kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis 

centris“ mier Catarebul gamokiTxvaSi respondentebis mxolod 21 

procentma ganacxada, rom saqarTvelos sasamarTlo xelisufleba miuker- 

Zoebeli iyo (xolo 47 procentma Tqva, rom sasamarTlo miukerZoebuli 

ar iyo). imave gamokiTxvaSi, respondentTa 43 procenti daeTanxma an nawilobriv 

daeTanxma mosazrebas, rom saqarTvelos sasamarTloebi mTavrobis 

gavlenis qveS imyofebian (18 procenti ki ar daeTanxma an nawilobriv ar 

daeTanxma). 41 

75 



„sakonstitucio sasamarTlos Sesaxeb,“ 

muxli 16. 

37 saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxlebi 88, 90; 

da saqarTvelos organuli kanoni „saerTo 



Law, Opinion on Draft Constitutional 

Amendments Relating to the Reform of the 

Judiciary in Georgia, adopted by the Venice 

Commission at its 62nd Plenary Session 

(Venice, 11-12 March 2005), 4. 

39 saqarTvelos kanoni „saerTo 

sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebTan 

komunikaciis wesebis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 

2007 wlis 11 ivliss, muxli 3. 

40 saxalxo damcvelis interviu gazeT 

“rezonansTan,“ 2010 wlis 30 seqtemberi. 

41 Caucasus Research Resources Centers, Cauasus 

Barometer 2010, Georgia, Online Data 

Analysis, http://www.crrc.ge/oda/ (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 17 ivniss). 


42 Transparency International Georgia, 

“Transparency International Releases Results of 

2009 Global Corruption Barometer”, 

http://transparency.ge/en/node/881 (nanaxia 

2010 wlis 15 oqtombers). 





OECD ACN, 2010), 44-45; the figure concerning 

acquittal rate is taken from the Supreme Court 

website: http://www. supremecourt.ge/files/ 

upload-file/pdf/3-sisxli.pdf (nanaxia 2011 




45 magaliTad, ixileT: OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: 

Parliamentary Elections 21 May 2008, OSCE/ 

ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final 

Report, 19; OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal 

Elections30 May 2010, OSCE/ODIHR Election 

Observation Mission Report, (Warsaw: OSCE/ 

ODIHR, 2010), 24. 

46 European Court of Human Rights, “Georgian 

Authorities Did Not Investigate Effectively the 

Kidnapping and Killing of 28-Year-Old Man”, 

Press Release, 26 April 2011, 

47 TbilisSi bazirebuli da biznes-samarTlis 

sferoSi momuSave iuristis interviu 

avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2011 wlis 13 ianvari. 









Commitments, 14. 



76 

2009 wlis „globaluri korufciis barometris“ mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 

sasamarTlos erT-erT yvelaze naklebad sando sazogadoebriv institutad 

miiCnevdnen. 42 gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom sazogadoebis aseTi aRqma gamowveulia 

sasamarTlos mier gaxmaurebul saqmeebze gamotanili gadawyvetilebebiT 

(rodesac sasamarTlo mTavrobasTan asocirebul braldebulebs 

ufro lmobierad epyroba, vidre opoziciasTan dakavSirebul pirebs), aseve 

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi gamamarTlebeli ganaCenebis uaRresad mcire 

ricxviT (2010 wels ganxiluli TiTqmis 17 000 sisxlis samarTlis saqmidan 

gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni mxolod Svid SemTxvevaSi iqna gamotanili). 43 

metic, sazogadoebis didi nawili miiCnevs, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis 

ganxilvisas prokuratura da aRmasrulebeli Sto sasamarTloze arajerovan 

zemoqmedebas axdenen. 44 amasTan erTad, sasamarTloebma bolo wlebSi 

arCevnebTan dakavSirebul davebSi xelisuflebis sasargeblod SesamCnevi 

mikerZoeba gamoavlines. 45 

bolodroindel gadawyvetilebaSi, romelic samarTaldamcavi organoebis 

TanamSromlebis mier 2006 wels TbilisSi mokluli bankis TanamSromlis 

saqmes exeboda, adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom 

saqarTvelos sasamarTlo xelisuflebam araTu ar ganixila saqme miukerZoeblad 

da damoukideblad, aramed samarTaldamcav organoebTan da aRmasrulebel 

StosTan SeTanxmebulad moqmedebda, raTa danaSaulis Camdeni 

pirebi saTanadod ar dasjiliyvnen. 46 

sasamarTloebis mier zogierT iseT saqmeSi gamotanilma gadawyvetilebebma, 

romlebSic erTmaneTs mTavroba da kerZo sawarmoebi upirispirdebodnen, 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukideblobis Sesaxeb damatebiTi eWvebi 

gaaCina. erT-erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, ganacxada, rom rodesac gadasaxado dava gansakuTrebiT 

didi odenobiT Tanxas exeba da mTavroba saqmis mogebiT didad 

aris dainteresebuli, sasamarTloebi sagadasaxado organoebTan da prokurorebTan 

SeTanxmebulad moqmedeben mTavrobisTvis sasurveli gadawyvetilebis 

misaRebad. manve aRniSna, rom sasamarTloebs damoukideblad 

moqmedebis neba mxolod maSin eZlevaT, roca saqmeSi mTavrobis interesebi 

ar figurirebs, rac kanonis uzenaesobis princips ewinaaRmdegeba. 47 

erT-erTi eqspertis mosazrebiT, mosamarTleTa daniSvnis procesi gamWvirvale 

ar aris da, Sesabamisad, rTulia imis dadgena, mosamarTleebi, kanonis 

Sesabamisad, profesiuli kriteriumebis mixedviT iniSnebian Tu ara. 48 aseve 

gamoiTqva azri, rom daniSvnebi SesaZloa, subieqturi kriteriumebis safuZvelze 

xdebodes. 49 amasTan erTad, sasamarTloebis reorganizaciis procesi, 

romlis farglebSi zogi mosamarTle sxva sasamarTloSi gadahyavT an saTadarigo 

mosamarTleTa siaSi SehyavT, sasamarTlos damoukideblobas kidev 

ufro asustebs. saia-s warmomadgenelma aRniSna, rom mosamarTleTa periferiebSi 

mdebare sasamarTloebSi gadayvana gamoiyeneba rogorc im mosamarTleTa 

dasjis zoma, romlebmac mTavrobis nebis sawinaaRmdego gadawyvetilebebi 

gamoitanes, 50 xolo „amerikis advokatTa asociaciam“ gamoTqva 

SeSfoTeba, rom zogi mosamarTle msgavsi mizezebis gamo SeiZleba uflebamosilebis 

vadis amowurvis Semdeg Tanamdebobaze xelaxla aRar dainiSnos. 51 


dawinaurebis oficialuri proceduris ararseboba aseve iZleva subieqturi 

gadawyvetilebebis miRebis SesaZleblobas. 52 sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

warmomadgenlebma am kritikuli SeniSvnebis sapasuxod xazgasmiT aRniSnes, 

rom momaval mosamarTleTa sakvalifikacio gamocdebi sajaroa da 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebs maTze daswreba Tavisuflad SeuZliaT. maT 

aseve ganacxades, rom mosamarTleTa sxva sasamarTloebSi gadayvana imis- 

Tvis xdeba, rom gadatvirTuli sasamarTloebis gantvirTva moxdes. 53 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romlebic sasamarTlo procesis 

mxareebs, prokurorebsa da politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebs sasamar- 

Tlo ganxilvis ganmavlobaSi mosamarTleebTan komunikacias ukrZalavs, 

raTa mosamarTleebi arajerovani zemoqmedebis qveS ar aRmoCdnen, Tumca 

praqtikaSi am debulebebis qmediToba eWvs iwvevs. 2007 wels am kanonis 

miRebidan dRemde mis safuZvelze mxolod ramdenime piri daisaja (maTgan 

arc erTi sajaro Tanamdebobis piri ar iyo). amasTan erTad, saia acxadebs, 

rom mosamarTleebze arajerovan zegavlenas xSirad im sasamarTloebis 

Tavmjdomareebi axdenen, sadac saqme ganixileba, radgan maTze am kanoniT 

dadgenili SezRudvebi ar vrceldeba. 54 

gaurkvevelia, arsebobs Tu ara amJamad mosamarTleTa efeqtiani profesiuli 

asociacia. `saqarTvelos mosamarTleTa asociacia“ 1999 wels daarsda, 

magram bolo wlebSi aRar funqcionirebs. mosamarTleTa konferencia mosamarTleTa 

oficialuri TviTmmarTveli organoa, Tumca, rogorc Cans, misi 

saqmianoba weliwadSi erTxel krebis gamarTviT Semoifargleba. 55 

dadebiT mxares rac Seexeba, sasamarTloebi samoqalaqo saqmeebs, Cveulebriv, 

damoukideblad ganixilaven. 56 2010 wels Catarebulma sasamarTlos 

momxmarebelTa gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom maTi umravlesoba sasamarTloebis 

saqmianobiT kmayofili iyo. 57 mosamarTleebis xelSeuxebloba praqtikaSi 

daculia58 da maTi uflebamosilebis vadis amowurvamde gaTavisufleba 

bolo wlebSi iSviaTi gaxda. 59 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebam SeZlos sa- 

Tanado informaciis miReba sasamarTlo xelisuflebis saqmianobisa da 

gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesis Sesaxeb? 

kanonmdebloba mTel rig moTxovnebs Seicavs, romelTa mizani sasamarTlo 

ganxilvebis gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofaa, magram, zog SemTxvevaSi, kanoni 

zedmet dabrkolebebs qmnis informaciis wvdomasTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic 

SeiZleba borotad iqnes gamoyenebuli. 

konstitucia acxadebs, rom sasamarTlos sxdomebi Riaa da daxurul sxdomebze 

saqmis ganxilva mxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSia dasaSvebi. 

60 sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebic aseve sajarod unda iqnes gamoc- 

77 

52 iqve, 36-37. 




(iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos sasamarTlo 





xelmZRvaneli) interviuebi avtorTan. 

54 The Georgian Young Lawyers Association, 

Justice in Georgia, 16-17. 



56 iqve, gv. 3. 

57 DPK CONSULTING, USAID-funded Georgia 

Judicial Administration and Management 

Reform (JAMR) Project,Court Users Survey 

(Tbilisi: 2010), 5. 

58 iqve, gv. 37. 





62 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso 

kodeqsi, miRebulia 1997 wlis 14 noembers, 

muxlebi 287–290; sisxlis samarTlis 

saproceso kodeqsi, miRebulia 2009 wlis 

9 oqtombers, muxli 195. 



Sesaxeb,“ muxli14. 










Commitments, 23. 

78 

xadebuli. 61 sasamarTloebi valdebulni arian, awarmoon sasamarTlos 

sxdomebis detaluri oqmebi an gaakeTon maTi audio-Canaweri da is mxareebs 

moTxovnisTanave moawodon. 62 mosamarTleebi valdebulni arian, yovel- 

wliurad warudginon qonebrivi deklaraciebi sajaro samsaxuris biuros. 63 

amave dros, kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs debulebebs, romlebic sasamarTloebs 

an iusticiis umaRles sabWos daavaldebulebs, sazogadoebas sakuTari 

iniciativiT miawodon informacia maTi saqmianobis mniSvnelovani aspetebis 

Sesaxeb (sasamarTlo statistika, sasamarTlo mosmenebis Canawerebi/stenografiuli 

angariSebi da a.S.). iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo valdebulia, mosamarTlis 

vakansiebi oficialur beWdviT organoSi gamoaqveynos, Tumca 

mas msgavsi valdebuleba ar ekisreba mosamarTleebis daniSvnisa da Tanamdebobidan 

gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb informaciis gamoqveynebis mxriv. marTalia, 

is debulebebi, romlebic sasamarTlo darbazSi foto da video gada- 

Rebas krZalavs, SeiZleba mosamarTleebisa da mowmeebis dacvis aucileblobiT 

aixsnas, magram is garemoeba, rom mosamarTlis nebarTvis gareSe audio 

Canawerebis da stenografiuli angariSebis warmoebac akrZalulia, 

zRudavs Jurnalistebis SesaZleblobas, gaaSuqon sasamarTlos sxdomebi. 64 


qula: 25 

ramdenad miuwvdeba xeli sazogadoebas praqtikaSi sasamarTloebis saqmianobasTan 

dakavSirebul informaciaze? 

sasamarTlos sxdomebze wvdoma praqtikaSi uzrunvelyofilia, magram 

sasamarTlo darbazebSi Sesabamisi aRWurvilobis ararseboba da sasamar- 

Tlos TanamSromlebis mxridan xelis SeSla sxdomaze damswre pirebs ganxilvebis 

mosmenas da Canawerebis gakeTebas urTulebas. amave dros, sasamarTlos 

gadawyvetilebebi yovelTvis droulad ar xdeba xelmisawvdomi. 

zogadad, sasamarTlos sxdomebi sazogadoebisTvis da mediisTvis Riaa da, 

Cveulebriv, sasamarTlo darbazebSi yvela dainteresebuli pirisTvis sakmarisi 

adgilia. 65 „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ gamocdilebiT, 

adgilobrivi da saolqo sasamarTloebis sxdomebi yovelTvis Riaa 

da gareSe pirebs dakvirvebis saSualeba aqvT, Tumca or SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos 

TanamSromlebma organizaciis warmomadgenlebs sTxoves, Canawerebis 

gakeTeba SeewyvitaT da weris gagrZelebis neba mxolod maSin misces, 

roca darwmundnen, rom isini stenografiul angariSs ar awarmoebdnen. xSirad 

aseve rTulia sasamarTlo darbazSi ganxilvebis mosmena, radgan damswreTaTvis 

gankuTvnili skamebi mosamarTlis adgilisgan Sors aris ganlagebuli 

da darbazi mikrofonebiT aRWurvili ar aris. es TiTqosda mcire 

detali mniSvnelovan problemas iwvevs da sasamarTlos sxdomebis sajaroobis 

Rirebulebas amcirebs. 

2007 wels sasamarTlo darbazSi videogadaRebis akrZalvam garkveuli kritika 

gamoiwvia, 66 Tumca es meqanizmi aseve icavs braldebulebs maTi vinaobis 


gamJRavnebisgan. mediasTan urTierTobis gasaadvileblad SemoRebul iqna 

sasamarTlos warmomadgenlis (e.w. „spiker-mosamarTlis“) Tanamdeboba. „amerikis 

advokatTa asociaciis“ mosazrebiT, am meqanizmis funqcionirebas 

praqtikaSi garkveuli problemebi axlavs da is jer–jerobiT JurnalistebisTvis 

advilad gasagebi informaciis wyaros ar warmoadgens. 67 

uzenaesi sasamarTlo da ramdenime sxva sasamarTlo sasamarTlo procesebis 

audio Caweras awarmoebs, magram sasamarTloebis umetesobas aucilebeli 

aRWurviloba ar gaaCnia da isini xelnawer an nabeWd oqmebs adgenen, romlebSic 

ganxilvebis mokle Sinaarsia gadmocemuli. jer-jerobiT gaurkvevelia, 

xelmisawvdomia Tu ara es oqmebi sazogadoebisTvis. savaraudod, 

sxvadasxva sasamarTloSi gansxvavebuli praqtika arsebobs. 68 

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis xelmisawvdomobis TvalsazrisiT sxvadasxva 

sasamarTloebSi gansxvavebuli mdgomareobaa. uzenaes sasamarTlos, sakonstitucio 

sasamarTlosa da ramdenime qveda rangis sasamarTlos aqvT 

veb-gverdebi, sadac maT mier gamotanil gadawyvetilebebs aqveyneben (Tumca 

xandaxan es mniSvnelovani dagvianebiT xdeba). 69 „amerikis advokatTa 

asociaciis“ informaciiT, sxva sasamarTloebSi gadawyvetilebebi, Cveulebriv, 

moTxovnisTanave xelmisawvdomia. 70 amave dros, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ rig SemTxvevebSi sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis 

aslebis miRebis mxriv sirTuleebi Seeqmna (ixileT qvemoT). 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis biujetTan dakavSirebuli informacia da sasamarTlos 

statistikuri monacemebi uzenaesi sasamarTlos veb-gverdzea gan- 

Tavsebuli. 71 amave dros, iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos veb-gverdze mocemulia 

disciplinaruli darRvevebis statistikuri monacemebi da mosamarTleobis 

kandidatTa sakvalifikacio gamocdebTan dakavSirebuli informacia. 

72 amis miuxedavad, informacia, romelic Seexeba sasamarTloebis mier 

sabiujeto saxsrebis xarjvas, mosamarTleebis daniSvnas, maTTvis uflebamosilebis 

Sewyvetasa da sxva sasamarTloSi gadayvanas, xelmisawvdomi ar 

aris. 

sajaro informaciis moTxovnis oTxi ganacxadidan, romlebic uzenaes sasamarTlos 

antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis praqtikuli testebis farglebSi 

gaegzavna, sasamarTlom oTxives upasuxa, Tumca erT-erTi pasuxi 

dasmul kiTxvas srulad ar Seesabameboda. or kompleqsur kiTxvaSi moTxovnili 

iyo 2009 wlis SedarebiTi monacemebi im pirTa ricxvis Sesaxeb, 

visac winaswari patimroba SeefardaT da girao gadaixades (515) da maTze, 

vinc girao ar gadaixada (8,195), aseve sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze gamotanil 

gamamtyunebel (18,392) da gamamarTlebel (18) ganaCenebze. 

amisda miuxedavad, gamopasuxebis xarisxi Zalze aradamakmayofilebeli iyo 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ mier sasamarTloebisTvis 

gagzavnili da sajaro informaciis moTxovnasTan dakavSrebuli im ganacxadebis 

SemTxvevaSi, romlebic antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis praqtikuli 

testebis nawili ar iyo. xuT ganacxads, romlebic organizaciam dedaqalaqSi 

mdebare sasamarTloebs – Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos, Tbili- 

2011 

79 



68 iqve, 53-54. 

69 irine uruSaZe, „sajaro informaciis gacema 

ar aris sasamarTlos valdebuleba?“ 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos blog-teqsti, 2010 wlis 22 

oqtomberi, http://www.transparency.ge/ 

blog/psadjaro-inpormatsiis-gatsema-ar-arissasamartlos-valdebulebap 

70 iqve, gv. 52-53. 

71 www.supremecourt.ge 

72 www.hcoj.gov.ge 


73 irine uruSaZe, „sajaro informaciis gacema 

ar aris sasamarTlos valdebuleba?“ 

saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos blog-teqsti, 2010 wlis 22 


blog/psadjaro-inpormatsiis-gatsema-ar-arissasamartlos-valdebulebap 

74 saqarTvelos kanoni „saqarTvelos saerTo 

sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa 

disciplinaruli pasuxismgeblobisa da 

disciplinaruli samarTalwarmoebis 

Sesaxeb,“ muxli 4, 6, 8, 15. 


Law (Venice Commission), Opinion On the Law 

on Disciplinary Responsibility and Disciplinary 

Prosecution of Judges of Common Courts of 

Georgia, adopted by the Venice Commission at 

its 70th Plenary Session (Venice, 16-17 March 

2007), 7. 

76 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso 

kodeqsi, muxlebi 194, 259. 

77 saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso 

kodeqsi, muxlebi 13 (2), 21 (3), 21 (13), 21 

(20), 26. 

80 

sis saapelacio sasamarTlosa da, aseve, saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos 

– gaugzavna, sasamarTloebma zustad erTnairi pasuxi gasces da ganacxades, 

rom maT pasuxis gasacemad sakmarisi administraciuli resursebi ar gaaCndaT 

da am resursebis mobilizebas kanoniT gansazRvruli movaleobebis 

SesrulebisTvis aucileblad ar miiCnevdnen. am ganacxadebiT moTxovnili 

zogi informacia didi raodenobis saqmeebze miRebul gadawyvetilebebs 

Seexeboda, Tumca zogi mxolod 20–25 saqmes moicavda. 73 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom mosamarTleebi angariSvaldebulni 

iyvnen maT qmedebebze? 

kanonmdebloba bevr debulebas Seicavs, romlebic mosamarTleebis winaaRmdeg 

saCivrebis wardgenas da disciplinaruli sanqciebis gamoyenebas 

exeba. mosamarTleebi kanoniT valdebulni arian, daasabuTon TavianTi gadawyvetilebebi. 

uaryofiT mxares rac Seexeba, mosamarTleebs metismetad 

maRali xarisxis xelSeuxeblobiT sargebloben, romelic yvela tipis sisxlis 

samarTlis danaSaulze vrceldeba. 

kanoni mosamarTleebis winaaRmdeg saCivrebis wardgenisa da disciplinaruli 

sanqciebis gamoyenebisTvis detalur oficialur procedurebs iTvaliswinebs. 

nebismier pirs ufleba aqvs, mosamarTlis winaaRmdeg saCivari 

aRZras. aseTi saCivrebi SeiZleba waredginos uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da 

saapelacio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomareebs, aseve, umaRlesi iusticiis sab- 

Wos wevrebs. winaswari mokvlevis Semdeg, Sesabamisi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem 

an iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos mdivanma unda miiRos gadawyvetileba, 

romlis mixedviT an saqmis warmoeba Sewydeba an mosamarTles disciplinaruli 

braldeba waredgineba da saqme specialur organos – saqarTvelos 

saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleTa disciplinarul kolegias – gadaegzavneba. 

im mosamarTleebis mimarT, romelTac disciplinaruli darRvevebis 

Cadena daumtkicdebaT, SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes sxvadasxva sanqciebi, 

maT Soris, sayveduris an mkacri sayveduris gamocxadeba da uflebamosilebis 

Sewyveta. 74 disciplinaruli kolegiis damoukideblobas SesaZloa, 

ramdenadme asustebdes is garemoeba, rom mis wevrTa naxevars iusticiis 

umaRlesi sabWo niSnavs. rogorc veneciis komisiam marTebulad aRniSna, 

organos, romelic samarTalwarmoebis proceduris inicirebas axdens, saqmis 

ganmxilveli organos Semadgenlobaze gavlenis moxdena ar unda SeeZlos. 

75 

kanoni mosamarTleebisgan yvela tipis saqmeebze gamotanili gadawyvetilebebis 

dasabuTebas moiTxovs. magaliTad, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso 

kodeqsi pirdapir acxadebs, rom sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze gamotanili 

rogorc Sualeduri, ise saboloo gadawyvetilebebi „dasabuTebuli“ unda 

iyos. 76 administraciuli saproceso kodeqsi aseve moiTxovs, rom sasamar- 

Tloebma maT mier gamotanili gadawyvetilebebi daasabuTon. 77 samoqalaqo 


saproceso kodeqsi mosamarTleebs gadawyvetilebebis dasabuTebis valdebulebisgan 

mxolod im SemTxvevaSi aTavisuflebs, Tu gadawyvetileba gasaCivrebas 

ar eqvemdebareba an Tu mxareebi ganacxadeben, rom gadawyvetilebis 

ufro maRali instanciis sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebas ar apireben. 78 

mosamarTleTa angariSvaldebuleba SesaZloa im garemoebam Seamciros, 

rom, rogorc veneciis komisiam aRniSna, isini „TiTqmis absoluturi imunitetiT“ 

79 sargebloben, romelic yvela saxis sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulze, 

maT Soris, korufciazec, vrceldeba. 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad ageben pasuxs mosamarTleebi maT qmedebebze praqtikaSi? 

mosamarTleTa angariSvaldebuleba praqtikaSi saTanadod uzrunvelyofili 

ar aris da maT xSirad dausabuTebeli gadawyvetilebebi gamoaqvT. mosamarTleTa 

winaaRmdeg wardgenili saCivrebis maRali raodenoba mianiSnebs, 

rom aseTi saCivrebis wardgena praqtikaSi advilia, Tumca maTze reagireba 

yovelTvis gamWvirvaled ar xdeba. 

praqtikaSi, mosamarTleebi xSirad maT mier gamotanili gadawyvetilebebs 

ar asabuTeben. saxalxo damcveli 2009 wlis saparlamento angariSSi aRniSnavda, 

rom mosamarTleebis mier Sualeduri da saboloo gadawyvetilebebis 

dausabuTebloba „sasamarTlo sistemis erT-erTi yvelaze problematuri 

sakiTxia.“ 80 saxalxo damcvelis angariSis Tanaxmad, xSirad mosamarTleebi 

eWvmitanilebs winaswar patimrobas usjian da advokatTa Suamdgomlobebis 

dakmayofilebaze uars dausabuTeblad amboben; amasTanave, 

isini kanonis konkretul debulebebze ise miuTiTeben, rom ar ganmartaven, 

Tu ratom exeba isini gansaxilvel saqmes. 81 sasamarTloebis mier gamotanil 

saboloo gadawyvetilebebSi aseve xSirad ar aris miTiTebuli, Tu ra mtkicebulebebze 

dayrdnobiT iqna isini miRebuli. amasTan erTad, saxalxo damcveli 

aRniSnavs, rom mosamarTleebi sxvadasxva gadawyvetilebebisTvis erT 

Sablons iyeneben da masSi mxolod saqmeSi monawile pirebis saxelebs da 

gvarebs cvlian. 82 

rogorc angariSvaldebulebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonis debulebebis Sesaxeb 

qveTavSi aRiniSna, mosamarTleebis winaaRmdeg saCivrebis wardgena 

SeiZleba rogorc sasamarTloebSi, ise iusticiis umaRles sabWoSi da es 

saCivrebi SeiZleba, Semdgom, disciplinarul kolegias gadaegzavnos. praqtikaSi, 

saCivrebis mTavari adresati iusticiis umaRlesi sabWoa. 2009 wels 

sabWoSi wardgenili 1,175 saCivridan mosamarTlis mimarT disciplinarul 

kolegiaSi disciplinaruli samarTalwarmoebis dawyeba mxolod 22 saCivars 

(anu saerTo ricxvis or procentze naklebs) mohyva. am monacemebis ganmarteba 

sxvadasxvanairad SeiZleba. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom an iusticiis 

umaRlesi sabWo ar atarebs saTanado disciplinarul RonisZiebebs 

mosamarTleebis mimarT, Tumca aseve SesaZlebelia, rom saCivris wardgenis 

81 

78 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso 

kodeqsi, muxlebi 250, 257 (1). 


Law, Opinion on Draft Constitutional 

Amendments Relating to the Reform of the 

Judiciary in Georgia, adopted by the Venice 

Commission at its 62nd Plenary Session 

(Venice, 11-12 March 2005), 8. 

80 saxalxo damcvelis aparati, „saqarTvelos 

saxalxo damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi 

adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa 

dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,“ 2009 wlis 

meore naxevari, gv. 168. 

81 iqve, gv. 168-172. 

82 iqve, gv. 173-176. 



Index for Georgia, Volume II, 42 


kodeqsi, muxlebi 59, 63; saqarTvelos 

samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsi, muxlebi 

31, 33-34. 


kodeqsi, muxli 59; saqarTvelos 

samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsi, muxlebi 

29, 31. 



Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1997 wlis 17 oqtombers, 

muxli 4, 13, 14. 

87 saqarTvelos samosamarTlo eTikis 

kodeqsi, saqarTvelos uzenaesi 

sasamarTlos oficialuri veb-gverdi, 

http://www.supremecourt.ge/judges-selfgovernance/judges-ethics-code/ 

(nanaxia 2010 

wlis 6 oqtombers). 

82 

proceduris siiole mosamarTleebis winaaRmdeg didi raodenobiT dausabuTebeli 

usafuZvlo saCivrebis wardgenas ganapirobebs. „amerikis advokatTa 

asociaciis“ mosazrebiT, disciplinaruli samarTalwarmoebis procesi 

sakmarisad gamWvirvale ar aris da mosamarTleebisTvis sanqciebis dawesebis 

safuZvlebi xandaxan bundovani an subieqturia. 83 

momCivanTa dasacavad gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb informacia xelmisawvdomi 

ar aris. radgan kanoni aseTi zomebis gatarebas ar iTvaliswinebs, 

naklebad savaraudoa, rom isini praqtikaSi xorcieldebodes. amave 

dros, radgan ar arsebobs informacia momCivanTa Seviwroebis Sesaxeb, savaraudoa, 

rom es sakiTxi amJamad saqarTveloSi seriozul problemas ar 

warmoadgens. 


qula: 75 

ramdenad arsebobs samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi, romlebic mosamarTleebis 


saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba mosamarTleTa keTilsindisierebasTan dakav- 

Sirebul mraval debulebas Seicavs, magram am wesebidan zogierTi sakmaod 

orazrovani da arapirdapiria. amasTan erTad, ar arsebobs normebi, romlebic 

Tanamdebobis datovebis Semdeg mosamarTleebis kerZo seqtorSi dauyovnebliv 

dasaqmebaze SezRudvebs daawesebda. 

rogorc sisxlis samarTlis, ise samoqalaqo saqmeebSi, mxareebs ufleba aqvT, 

mosamarTlis mikerZoebulobasTan dakavSirebiT saCivari aRZran, 84 xolo 

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mosamarTlis saqmianobaSi interesTa SeuTavsebloba 

warmoiSoba, is valdebulia, uari Tqvas saqmis ganxilvaSi monawileobaze. 85 


(da, Sesabamisad, am kanonSi Camoyalibuli antikorufciuli normebi) 

mosamarTleebsac exebaT. Sesabamisad, isini valdebulni arian, sajaro samsaxuris 

biuroSi yovelwliurad waradginon qonebrivi deklaraciebi. mosamarTleebs 

ufleba ar aqvT, ekavoT raime Tanamdeboba romelime sawarmoSi 

da eweodnen raime saxis anazRaurebad saqmianobas, garda „samecniero, 

pedagogiuri an SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobisa.“ kanoni adgens im saCuqrebis 

maqsimalur Rirebulebas, romelTa miRebac mosamarTleebs wlis ganmavlobaSi 

SeuZliaT (wliuri anazRaurebis 15 procenti) da, aseve, TiTo saCuqris 

maqsimalur Rirebulebas (wliuri anazRaurebis 5 procenti). 86 

am kanonebis garda, arsebobs aseve samosamarTlo eTikis kodeqsi, romelic 

saqarTvelos mosamarTleTa konferenciam miiRo. es dokumenti mosamarTleebs, 

sxva movaleobebis dawesebasTan erTad, imis uzrunvelyofas avaldebulebs, 

rom maT gadawyvetilebebze gavlena ar moaxdinos politikurma 

interesebma an sazogadoebrivma azrma. mosamarTleebs aseve ekrZalebaT iseT 

saqmianobaSi Cabma, romelmac SeiZleba sasamarTloebis an mosamarTleTa 

damoukideblobasTan da miukerZoeblobasTan dakavSirebiT eWvebi gaaCinos. 87 


miuxedavad imisa, rom am normebis miReba udavod dadebiTi faqtia, isini 

garkveulwilad bundovania da ar azustebs, Tu konkretulad ra tipis 

qmedebebia akrZaluli. amasTan erTad, kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs debulebebs, 

romlebic qmediT SezRudvebs daawesebda sasamarTlos datovebis 

Semdeg mosamarTleTa dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebiT. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia mosamarTleTa keTilsindisiereba praqtikaSi? 

mosamarTleebi keTilsindisierebaTan da eTikasTan dakavSirebul arsebul 

wesebs kargad icnoben da bolo wlebSi sasamarTlo sistemaSi meqrTameoba 

faqtobrivad aRmoifxvra. amis miuxedavad, aRmasrulebeli Stos 

gadametebuli gavlena sasamarTlo xelisuflebaze (rac sasamarTlos damoukideblobis 

Sesaxeb qveTavSi ufro detalurad aris ganxiluli) SeiZleba 

zogjer asustebdes mosamarTleebis unars, daicvan keTilsindisierebasTan 

dakavSirebuli kanonis moTxovnebi. 

rogorc erT-erTi eqsperti acxadebs, mosamarTleebi arsebul eTikisa da 

keTilsindisierebis wesebSi specialur swavlebas gadian, ris Sedegadac, 

aRniSnuli wesebi yvela mosamarTlem icis. amis miuxedavad, aRniSnuli eqsperti 

imasac aRniSnavs, rom gaurkvevelia, am wesebis dacvaze monitoringi 

xorcieldeba Tu ara. 88 eTikis wesebis praqtikaSi efeqtur SesrulebasTan 

dakavSirebiT eWvi „amerikis advokatTa asociaciamac“ gamoTqva. 89 

is garemoeba, rom bolo wlebSi sasamarTloSi korufcia „Zalze iSviaTi“ 90 

gaxda, SesaZloa, arsebuli antikorufciuli wesebis efeqturobaze miuTi- 

Tebdes. 2004-2005 wlebSi mTavrobis mier warmoebulma antikorufciulma 

RonisZiebebma (maT Soris, mosamarTleebis dapatimrebebma da korufciis 

faqtebis gaxmaurebam) mosamarTleebis mier moqalaqeebisgan qrTamis aReba 

iSviaT movlenad aqcia. amis miuxedavad, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukideblobis 

dabali xarisxi (rac sasamarTlos damoukideblobis Sesaxeb 

qveTavSia ganxiluli) iZleva SeSfoTebis safuZvels imasTan dakavSirebiT, 

rom mosamarTleebi prokuraturisa da zogadad aRmasrulebeli Stos zewolis 

pirobebSi keTilsindisierebis SenarCunebas ver axerxeben. erT-er- 

Tma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoris gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSna, rom rodesac mTavroba sasamarTlo procesis SedegiT Zalian 

aris dainteresebuli, mosamarTleebi iZulebulni arian, kanonsawinaaRmdego 

gadawyvetilebebi miiRon, rac mTeli sasamarTlo sistemis keTilsindisierebas 

amcirebs. 91 

mosamarTleebi kanonis Sesabamisad waradgenen qonebriv deklaraciebs da 

maTi gacnoba SesaZlebelia sajaro samsaxuris mier Seqmnil specialur vebgverdze. 

92 Tumca, iseve, rogorc sxva sajaro moxeleebis SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTleTa 

deklaraciebis Sinaarsis detalurad Seswavlisa da (darRvevaTa 

aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi) sanqciebis dawesebis specialuri meqanizmi ar 

arsebobs. 

83 




90 iqve, gv. 46. 







94 iqve, muxli 42; saqarTvelos zogadi 

administraciuli kodeqsi, miRebulia 1999 

wlis 25 ivniss, muxli 178. 

95 ixileT qveTavi sasamarTlos 

damoukideblobis (praqtika) Sesaxeb. 



Reports/NIT-2010-Georgia-final.pdf (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 23 Tebervals). 

97 magaliTad, ixileT: OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: 

Municipal Elections30 May 2010, OSCE/ 

ODIHR Election Observation Mission Report, 

(Warsaw: OSCE/ODIHR, 2010), 24. 




99 giorgi paiWaZis ineterviu avtorTan. 



101 The Economist, Georgia's Mental Revolution: 

Seven years after the Rose Revolution, Georgia 

has come a long way, 19 August 2010, 

http://www.economist.com/node/16847798 

84 

roli: aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedveloba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad efeqtianad axorcielebs sasamarTlo xelisufleba aRmasrulebeli 

Stos zedamxedvelobas? 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebas aRmasrulebeli Stos zedamxedvelobis gansaxorcieleblad 

mniSvnelovani uflebamosilebebi gaaCnia. amis miuxedavad, 

sasamarTloebze mTavrobis mZlavri gavlenis gamo, es uflebamosilebebi 

praqtikaSi efeqtianad ar gamoiyeneba. 

kanonmdebloba sasamarTlo xelisuflebas aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis 

gansaxorcieleblad saTanado uflebamosilebebs aniWebs. sakonstituco 

sasamarTlos ufleba aqvs, miiRos gadawyvetilebebi prezidentisa 

da ministrTa kabinetis gadawyvetilebebis konstituciasTan Sesabamisobis 

sakiTxebze. 93 amasTan erTad, konstitucia uzrunvelyofs moqalaqeTa uflebas, 

rom mTavrobis organoebis ukanono qmedebebis Sedegad miRebuli 

zianis asanazRaureblad sasamarTlos mimarTon, xolo zogadi administraciuli 

kodeqsi yovel moqalaqes aniWebs uflebas, rom mTavrobis organoebis 

gadawyvetilebebi sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros. 94 

praqtikaSi, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukideblobis dabali xarisxi 

amcirebs mis unars, moaxdinos aRmasrulebeli Stos saqmianobis efeqtiani 

monitoringi. 95 rogorc organizacia Freedom House aRniSnavs, sasamarTloebi 

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis ganxilvisas prokuraturis mudmiv zewolas 

ganicdian. 96 sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi gamamarTlebeli ganaCenebis 

faqtobrivi ararseboba (ixileT am Tavis sasamarTlos damoukideblobas- 

Tan dakavSirebuli qveTavi) aCens mniSvnelovan eWvebs, rom sasamarTlo xelisuflebas 

ar SeuZlia, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, prokuraturas winaaRmdegoba 

gauwios. sasamarTloebma aseve ver moaxerxes, ganexilaT bolo 

wlebSi arCevnebis periodSi momxdari darRvevebi da damnaSaveebi pasuxisgebaSi 

miecaT. 97 erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ 

ganucxada, rom im biznesmenebs, romlebic saxelmwifosTan sasamarTlo 

davebSi arian Cabmuli, sasamarTloebi ar icaven. 98 es yvelaferi 

aZlierebs kidev erTi eqspertis mosazrebas, rom kerZo mxareebs sasamarTloSi 

saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg saqmis mogeba mxolod maSin SeuZliaT, Tu 

saqmeSi Zlieri samTavrobo uwyeba an politikuri interesi ar figurirebs. 99 

rogorc „amerikis advokatTa asocacia“ aRniSnavs, maSinac ki, rodesac sasamarTloebs 

samTavrobo organoebis sawinaaRmdego gadawyvetilebebi gamoqvT, 

maTi aRsruleba SeiZleba problemebTan iyos dakavSirebuli. 100 amas 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ gamocdilebac adasturebs: 

organizaciis saapelacio sarCeli, romelic mimarTuli iyo Tbilisis meriis 

uaris winaaRmdeg, moewodebina sajaro informacia, sasamarTlom daakmayofila, 

magram am gadawyvetilebis miRebidan erTi wlis gasvlis Semdeg, 

merias moTxovnili informacia jerac ar gaucia. 

saqarTvelos amJamindeli mmarTveli gundis daintereseba sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebis sazedamxedvelo rolis gaZlierebiT safuZvlian eWvs iwvevs. 

mTavrobis erT-erTma maRali rangis wevrma bolo xanebSi Jurnal „ekonomists“ 

ganucxada, rom, radgan qarTul sazogadoebaSi damoukidebeli sasamarTlos 

tradicia jer damkvidrebuli ar aris, amJamad samarTlis warmoeba 

aRmasrulebel Stos ukeT SeuZlia. 101 


eziume 

saqarTvelos sajaro samsaxurisTvis gamoyofili resursebis odenoba 

bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda, xolo dabal safexurebze korufciis 

aRmofxvrisken mimarTuli Zalisxmeva metad warmatebuli aRmoCnda. 

amis miuxedavad, sajaro seqtoris TanamSromelTa damoukidebloba saTanadod 

daculi ar aris, xolo gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli Zlieri 

sakanonmdeblo normebi praqtikaSi Tanamimdevrulad ar gamoiyeneba. sajaro 

seqtori amJamad korufciasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb 

sazogadoebis informirebis TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri ar aris 

da am sferoSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebasa Tu kerZo seqtorTan aqtiurad 

ar TanamSromlobs. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis arsebuli sistema korufciisgan 

damcav mniSvnelovan garantiebs Seicavs, Tumca praqtikaSi isini yovelTvis 

efeqtianad ar gamoiyeneba. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili sxvadasxva maCveneblis qulebiT 

Sefasebulia sajaro samsaxuris SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da 

misi roli saqarTvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen 

nawilSi warmodgenilia TiToeuli maCveneblis Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 

2011 85 

4. 

sajaro samsaxuri



oqtombers. kanonSi CamoTvlilia Semdegi 

dawesebulebebi, romlebic sajaro 

samsaxurs Seadgenen: parlamenti, 

prezidentis administracia, mTavrobis 

kancelaria, saministroebi da saxelmwifo 

saqveuwyebo dawesebulebebi, iusticiis 

sabWo da sasamarTloebi, erovnuli banki, 

kontrolis palata, saxalxo damcvelis 

aparati, avtonomiuri respublikebis 

saxelmwifo dawesebulebebi da 

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis 

administraciuli organoebi. 

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, zogi 

sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip) 

sajaro samsaxuris nawilad iTvleba, zogi 

ki – ara. amasTan erTad, zogierTi 

saxelmwifo organo, magaliTad 

centraluri saarCevno komisia, „sajaro 

samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanonSi naxsenebi ar 

aris, magram am organoebis maregulirebel 

kanonebSi isini sajaro samsaxuris nawilad 

arian moxseniebuli. 

86 








sazogadoebis informireba — 25 

sajaro dawesebulebebTan, 

samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv 

roli organizaciebTan da kerZo 

42/100 seqtorTan TanamSromloba 

korufciis prevenciisa 

da daZlevis kuTxiT — 50 


korufciis riskebis Semcireba 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

ganxorcielebisas 

keTilsindisierebis 

garantirebis gziT 50 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba „sajaro samsaxurs“ gansazRvravs, rogorc saqmianobas 

saxelmwifo da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis saxazino dawesebulebebSi. 

kanonSi „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ CamoTvlilia mTeli rigi dawesebulebebi, 

romlebic sajaro samsaxurs warmoadgenen 1 , xolo calkeuli kanonebi, 

romlebic sxva organoebis saqmianobas aregulirebs, am organoebs aseve 

sajaro samsaxuris nawilad moixseniebs. am TavSi agreTve ganxilulia sajaro 

samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi (naxevrad damoukidebeli organoebi, romlebic 

saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobis qveS saxelmwifos sxvadasxva funqciebs asruleben), 

romelTa umravlesoba „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanonSi naxsenebi 

ar aris, magram, amis miuxedavad, isini saxelmwifos saxeliT mniSvnelovan 

saqmianobas ewevian. amasTan, radganac zogi sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli 

piri saministroebisa da departamentebis mier delegirebul mTel rig sajaro 

samsaxuris funqciebs asrulebs, isini valdebulni arian, daicvan „saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb“ kanonis debulebebi da maTze monitorings 

saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba – kontrolis palata – 

awarmoebs (damatebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT am angariSis Sesabamisi Tavi). 

imis gamo, rom sajaro samsaxurTan dakavSirebul kanonmdeblobaSi bolo 

wlebis manZilze araerTi cvlileba Sevida, mravali misi debuleba erTmaneTTan 

harmonizebuli ar aris da saqarTvelos sajaro samsaxuris Semadgeneli 

nawilebis zustad gansazRvra rTulia. 


sajaro samsaxurTan dakavSirebiT erTiani saxelmwifo politikis SemuSavebis 

xelSewyoba da Sesabamisi saqmianobis koordinireba sajaro samsaxuris 

biuros evaleba. biuro aseve valdebulia, moaxdinos saxelmwifo uwyebebSi 

adamianuri resursebis marTvis koordinireba, Seagrovos sajaro moxeleTa 

qonebrivi deklaraciebi, moaxdinos sajaro samsaxurSi arsebuli mdgomareobis 

analizi da Sesabamisi rekomendaciebi sakanonmdeblo organos warudginos. 

am TavSi warmodgenili sajaro samsaxuris Sefaseba ar moicavs im sajaro 

dawesebulebebs, romlebic sxva TavebSi calke sayrden institutebad aris 

ganxiluli (magaliTad, sakanonmdeblo organo, aRmasrulebeli Sto, samar- 

Taldamcavi uwyebebi da saarCevno administracia). 

2011 

Sefaseba 


qula: 50 

ramdenad aqvs sajaro seqtors misi movaleobebis efeqtiand ganxorcielebisTvis 


bolo wlebSi saqarTvelos sajaro seqtorisTvis xelmisawvdomi resursebis 

raodenoba mniSvnelovnad gaizarda. amis miuxedavad, saxelmwifo servisebis 

efeqtian miwodebas aferxebs is garemoeba, rom araerTi uwyeba saTanado 

dafinansebas kvlavac ver iRebs. 

2004 wels, axali mTavrobis xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg saxelmwifo 

Semosavlebis mniSvnelovani zrdis Sedegad, sajaro seqtorisTvis resursebis 

xelmisawvdomoba mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda. mogvarda saxelfaso davalianebebis 

problema, romelic wina xelisuflebis dros sajaro samsaxuris 

mTavari problema iyo. 2009 wels Catarebul sajaro mosamsaxureTa gamokiTxvaSi 

respondentTa 99 procentma Tqva, rom wina wels isini xelfasebs 

droulad iRebdnen. 2 mTavrobis maRali rangis warmomadgenelma „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom sajaro seqtoris finansuri 

mdgomareoba, saxelmwifo dafinansebis zrdasTan erTad, imis wyalobiTac 

gaumjobesda, rom bevri sajaro uwyeba sajaro samarTlis iuridiul 

pirad gadakeTda. isini amJamad naxevrad avtonomiur organoebs warmoadgenen, 

romlebic moqalaqeebs sxvadasxva momsaxurebas sTavazoben. amis magaliTebia 

samoqalaqo reestri da sajaro reestri, romelTagan orive iusticiis 

saministros eqvemdebareba. am uwyebebs ufleba aqvT, rom miRebuli Semosavali 

Tavad gankargon, ris gamoc sxva, mTlianad saxelmwifo dafinansebaze 

damokidebuli uwyebebis umetesobasTan SedarebiT, finansurad ufro 

metad TviTkmari organizaciebi arian. 3 

amis miuxedavad, sajaro seqtoris dafinanseba jer kidev arasaTanadod da 

araTanabrad xdeba. zemoxsenebuli gamokiTxvis respondentTa daaxloebiT 

naxevarma ganacxada, rom maTi xelfasi yoveldRiuri xarjebis dasafarad 

87 

2 GORBI, „korufciis aRqma saqarTveloSi: 

sajaro moxeleTa gamokiTxva,“ momzadda 

niderlandebis samefos ganviTarebisa da 

TanamSromlobis saministros mier 

dafinansebuli proeqtis „saqarTvelos 

eroovnuli antikorufciuli strategiis 

mxardaWera“ (GEPAC) farglebSi da 

ganxorcielda evropis sabWos mier 

(Tbilisi: 2009), 11. 

3 jaba ebanoiZe, iusticiis ministris 

moadgile. interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 

2010 wlis 13 ivlisi. 

4. sajaro samsaxuri


sajaro moxeleTa gamokiTxva,“ 10. 

5 jaba ebanoiZe, iusticiis ministris 

moadgile. interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 

2010 wlis 13 ivlisi. 

6 lari heldis (USAID-is mier 

dafinansebuli proeqtis „saxelmwifo 

marTvis reforma“ yofili 

warmomadgenlobis xelmZRvaneli 


(AED)) interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2010 

wlis 30 ivnisi. 





10 iqve, muxlebi 93–107. 

88 

sakmarisi ar aris. 4 erT-erTma maRali Tanamdebobis pirma „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom sajaro uwyebebs xSirad uWirT 

vakanturi Tanamdebobebis Sevseba kvalificiuri kandidatebis naklebobis 

gamo. 5 rogorc erT-erTi eqsperti aRniSnavs, miuxedavad imisa, rom zogierTi 

samTavrobo uwyeba saTanado resursebs iRebs, bevri mniSvnelovani uwyebisa 

da yvela adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organos dafinansebis odenoba 

arasakmarisia. samsaxurSi ayvanisa da Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis moqnili 

sistema da sxvadasxva dawesebulebebSi Sromis anazRaurebis erTiani 

Skalis ararseboba zogierT „prioritetul“ uwyebas saSualebas aZlevs, rom 

kvalificiuri TanamSromlebi uxvi premiebis meSveobiT SeinarCunos, xolo 

kontraqtorebsa da konsultantebs mimzidveli anazRaureba SesTavazos. 6 

ufro maRali anazRaurebis mqone kvalificiuri gare konsultantebis daqiravebis 

uaryofiTi mxare is aris, rom is instituciuri mexsierebis Seqmnisa 

da SenarCunebis saSualebas ar iZleva. 

sajaro mosamsaxureTa damoukideblobis dabali xarisxi da, gansakuTrebiT, 

samuSao adgilebis arasaimedooba aseve amcirebs instituciur codnas da 

zog sajaro uwyebas instituciuri gamocdilebis dagrovebis saSualebas ar 

aZlevs (ufro dawvrilebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT qveTavebi damoukideblobis 

Sesaxeb (kanoni/praqtika)). 


qula: 50 

ramdenad daculia kanoniT sajaro mosamsaxureTa damoukidebloba? 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romelTa mizani sajaro mosamsaxureTa 

damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa, Tumca garkveuli mniSvnelovani 

garantiebi kanonSi gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris. 

kanoni „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos sajaro samsaxuris erT-erT 

ZiriTad principad miukerZoeblobas acxadebs 7 da sajaro mosamsaxureebs 

maTi Tanamdebobis partiuli saqmianobisTvis gamoyenebas ukrZalavs. 8 sajaro 

seqtoris TanamSromlebs ufleba aqvT, Tanamdebobidan daTxovnasTan dakavSirebuli 

da sxva samsaxureobrivi brZanebebi da gadawyvetilebebi sasamarTloSi 

gaasaCivron. 9 kanonSi CamoTvlilia sajaro mosamsaxureTa samsaxu- 

ridan daTxovnis legitimuri safuZvlebi, 10 rac xelmZRvanelobis mxridan 

TviTneburi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis SesaZleblobas zRudavs. kanonSi mocemuli 

Tanamdebobidan daTxovnis safuZvlebi, rogoricaa sajaro mosamsaxuris 

aradamakmayofilebeli profesiuli Tvisebebi, saatestacio gamocdis 

Caubarebloba da sasamarTlos gamamtyunebeli ganaCenis ZalaSi Sesvla, zogadad 

gonivrulia. 

amis miuxedavad, kanonSi ar aris debulebebi, romlebic sajaro mosamsaxureTa 

daniSvnasa da dawinaurebaSi politikur Carevas pirdapir krZalavs. 

aseve ar arsebobs dawesebuleba, romelsac sajaro seqtoris TanamSromlebis 

TviTneburi qmedebebisgan da politikuri Carevisgan dacva daevaleboda. 


ogorc „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) 

àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, arsebuli wesebi 

sajaro uwyebebis xelmZRvanelobas „moqmedebis did Tavisuflebas“ aniWebs 

da SesaZleblobas aZlevs, sajaro mosamsaxureebis profesiul gadawyvetilebebze 

„arajerovani zegavlena“ moaxdinos. 11 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad Tavisufali arian sajaro mosamsaxureebi maT saqmianobaSi gare 

Carevisgan? 

sajaro mosamsaxureTa damoukideblobis uzrunvelmyofi qmediTi sakanonmdeblo 

meqanizmebis ararsebobam iseTi mdgomareoba Seqmna, rodesac maTi 

dasaqmebis vada da samuSao adgilis saimedooba pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli 

politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebis uflebamosilebis vadasTan. praqtikaSi, 

am mxriv viTareba sxvadasxva uwyebaSi gansxvavebulia, magram, zogadad, sajaro 

mosamsaxureebi TiTqmis daucvelni arian. 

sajaro seqtoris damoukideblobas amcirebs moqmedebis is farTo Tavisufleba, 

romliTac praqtikaSi calkeuli uwyebebis xelmZRvanelebi sargebloben 

sajaro mosamsaxureTa daniSvnisa da Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebisas. 

rogorc „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) 

àntikorufciuli qseli~ (ACN) aRniSnavs, imis miuxedavad, rom uwyebebis 

xelmZRvanelebs ufleba unda hqondeT, rom adamianuri resursebi maTi dawesebulebebis 

saWiroebebis mixedviT marTon, moqmedebis iseTma Tavisuflebam, 

romliTac isini saqarTveloSi sargebloben, SeiZleba „sajaro samsaxuris 

politizacia“ gamoiwvios. 12 am SiSis safuZvlianoba praqtikaSic dasturdeba. 

sajaro samsaxuris miukerZoebloba eWvqveS iqna dayenebuli bolo arCevnebis 

dros. magaliTad, euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebebis 

ofisis“ (OSCE/ODIHR) angariSSi, romelic 2010 wlis adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebs exeba, aRniSnulia, rom „zogjer erTmaneTisgan 

mkafiod ar iyo gamijnuli saxelmwifo da mmarTveli partia.“ 13 „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ angariSSi, romelic arCevnebis periodSi administraciuli 

resursebis gamoyenebas exeba, aseve xazgasmulia is garemoeba, 

rom mTel rig SemTxvevebSi sajaro samsaxuri faqtiurad mmarTveli partiis 

saarCevno kampaniaSi iyo CarTuli. 14 

parlamentis erT-erTi maRali Tanamdebobis piri adasturebs, rom praqtikaSi 

sajaro mosamsaxureebis xelmZRvanelebs iolad SeuZliaT maTi samsaxuridan 

daTxovna da rom mosamsaxureebi saTanadod daculni ar arian. 15 

amis Sedegad, rogorc sxva eqsperti aRniSnavs, sajaro uwyebebSi xSiria kadrebis 

cvla. radganac qveyanaSi profesiuli samsaxuris damkvidrebuli standartebi 

ar arsebobs, uSualo xelmZRvanelisadmi loialuroba xSirad gadamwyveti 

faqtoria samsaxuris SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT. sajaro samsaxuris 

biuro, romelic adamianuri resursebis marTvis koordinirebaze pasuxismgebeli 

organoa, sajaro mosamsaxureebis damoukideblobis gasamyareb- 

89 





OECD ACN, 2010), 28. 





13 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Parliamentary Elections 

21 May 2008, OSCE/ODIHR Election 

Observation Mission Final Report, p 2. 

14 Transparency International Georgia, The Use of 

Administrative Resources for Election 

Campaign: 2010 Local Self-Government 

Elections Final Report, (Tbilisi: Transparency 

International Georgia). 

15 xaTuna gogoriSvilis (parlamentis 

saproceduro sakiTxTa da wesebis 

komitetis Tavmjdomare) sityvebis 

citireba „saerTaSorisi gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ angariSSi: European 

Neighbourhood Policy: Monitoring Georgia’s 

Anti-Corruption Commitments (Tbilisi: 

Transparency International Georgia, 2010), 30. 

4. sajaro samsaxuri

16 lari heldis (USAID-is mier 





(AED)) interviu avtorTan. 


sajaro moxeleTa gamokiTxva,“ 9-11. 

18 `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ mimowera sajaro samsaxuris 

biuros xelmZRvanel irakli 

kotetiSvilTan, 2011 wlis 6 ivnisi. 



muxli 10, 35-36, 49. 

20 iqve, muxli 37, 40. 


Sesaxeb,“ muxli 73 (3). 

90 

lad bevrs verafers akeTebs, radgan yoveli uwyeba sakuTar sakadro politikas 

Tavad gansazRvravs. 16 

meores mxriv, 2009 wels Catarebulma sajaro mosamsaxureTa gamokiTxvam 

garkveulwilad gansxvavebuli suraTi mogvca: respondentTa 67 procentma 

ganacxada, rom maTi samuSao adgili saimedoa da 68 procentma aRniSna, rom 

adamianur resursebTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebi politikuri kuTvnilebis 

mixedviT ar miiReba. amis miuxedavad, gamokiTxvis avtorebi aRniSnavdnen, 

rom respondentTa TiTqmis meoTxedma am ukanasknel kiTxvas ar 

upasuxa. 17 

sajaro samsaxuris biuro aRiarebs, rom amJamad sajaro uwyebebis xelmZRvanelebi 

adamianuri resursebis politikis gansazRvrisas metismeti avtonomiiT 

sargebloben. biuro amJamad am sakiTxis mosagvareblad saerTo wesebisa 

da standartebis Camoyalibebaze muSaobs. 18 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba sajaro samsaxuris finansuri 

da adamianuri resursebisa da informaciis marTvis gamWvirvalobas? 

kanonis debulebebi, romlebic sajaro seqtoris gamWvirvalobas exeba, ZiriTadad 

adekvaturia. sakanonmdeblo baza zogadad progresulia, magram 

sajaro dawesebulebebs garkveuli tipis informaciis sakuTari iniciativiT 

gamoqveynebas yovelTvis ar avaldebulebs. 

sajaro informaciis marTvis wesebi Camoyalibebulia zogad administraciul 

kodeqsSi, romelic acxadebs, rom yvelas aqvs ufleba, gaecnos administraciul 

organoSi arsebul sajaro informacias, Tu is ar Seicavs saxelmwifo, 

komerciul an pirad saidumloebas. sajaro dawesebulebebi valdebulni 

arian, maT gankargulebaSi myofi sajaro informacia specialur Sida reestrSi 

Seitanon da daniSnon sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofaze 

pasuxismgebeli sajaro mosamsaxure. sajaro dawesebulebebi aseve 

valdebulni arian, prezidentsa da parlaments warudginon yovelwliuri 

angariSi sajaro informaciis marTvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. 19 

pirebma, romelTac sajaro informaciis miReba surT, werilobiTi ganacxadiT 

unda mimarTon Sesabamis sajaro dawesebulebas, romelic valdebulia, 

informacia an dauyovnebliv gasces an, Tu informaciis Segroveba damatebiTi 

samuSaos Sesrulebas moiTxovs, 10 dRis vadaSi, rac qveynebis umravlesobaSi 

moqmed analogiur vadebTan SedarebiT bevrad mcire droa. mniSvnelovania, 

rom sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadSi moTxovnis motivis an miznis 

miTiTeba aucilebeli ar aris. 20 zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis debulebebTan 

erTad, kanoni „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ sajaro dawesebulebebis 

xelmZRvanelebs avaldebulebs, uzrunvelyon sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobis 

meqanizmis funqcionireba. 21 


sajaro samsaxurSi Tanamdebobaze daniSvnis maregulirebeli wesebi gamWvirvalobis 

mxriv zogadad adekvaturia. Tanamdebobaze daniSvna Ria konkursis 

wesiT unda moxdes da vakansiebi konkursamde aranakleb 10 dRiT adre unda 

gamocxaddes. warmatebul kandidatebs specialuri komisia arCevs, romelic 

valdebulia, gadawyvetilebis miRebidan xuTi dRis vadaSi yvela kandidats 

acnobos miRebuli gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb. 22 

kanonmdebloba mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebiT. kanoniT, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento 

valdebulia, Seqmnas saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis erTiani sainformacio baza da 

gamosces normatiuli aqtebi, romlebic Sesyidvebis gamWvirvalobas uzrunvelyofs. 

kanoni saagentos pirdapir avaldebulebs, rom Sesyidvebze monitoringi 

ganaxorcielos gamWvirvalobisa da angariSgebis principebis 

dacvis mizniT. Semsyidveli organizaciebi valdebulni arian, saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis saagentos kanoniT dadgenil vadaSi warudginon angariSebi 

ganxorcielebuli Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb. es angariSebi nebismieri dainteresebuli 

pirisTvis xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes da Semsyidvelma organizaciebma 

maTi mokle Sinaarsi sainformacio saSualebebSi unda gamoaqveynon. kanonSi 

Sesuli bolo cvlilebebis Tanaxmad, yvela saxis tenderi eleqtronulad 

unda Catardes da satendero dokumentebi xelmisawvdomi unda iyos erTiani 

eleqtronuli sistemiT. 23 es saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis gamWvirvalobisa da angariSgebis 

kuTxiT mniSvnelovani wingadadgmuli nabijia. 

kanoni „saxelmwifo samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ moiTxovs, rom sajaro samsaxuris qveda 

rangis TanamSromlebma (sajaro mosamsaxureebma) da maTi ojaxis wevrebma 

yovelwliurad waradginon saSemosavlo da qonebrivi deklaraciebi finansTa 

saministroSi. 24 es deklaraciebi ZiriTadad sagadasaxado miznebisTvis gamoiyeneba. 

sajaro samsaxuris maRali rangis TanamSromlebi (Tanamdebobis 

pirebi) valdebulni arian, sajaro samsaxuris biuroSi ufro detaluri qonebrivi 

deklaraciebi waradginon. 25 amave dros, kanonis es moTxovna ar 

vrceldeba adgilobrivi xelisuflebis zogierT mniSvnelovan Tanamdebobis 

pirze (magaliTad, Tbilisis sakrebulos wevrebze). 

kanoni deklaraciebis gadamowmebis meqanizmebis Seqmnas ar iTvaliswinebs. 

sajaro samsaxuris biurom ganacxada, rom aseTi meqanizmebis aucilebloba 

saeWvoa, radgan deklaraciebi sajaroa da maTi Sinaarsis gacnoba yvela dainteresebul 

pirsa da organizacias SeuZlia. 26 

aseve problmuria is garemoeba, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar adgens 

informaciis im tipebis nusxas, romelic sajaro dawesebulebebma sakuTari 

iniciativiT unda gamoaqveynon. es sakanonmdeblo bazis mniSvnelovani xarvezia. 


àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) rekomendaciebSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom aseTi 

nusxa unda moicavdes informacias, romelic Seexeba sajaro dawesebulebebis 

struqturasa da uflebamosilebas, maT biujetebsa da safinanso angariSebs, 

aseve miRebul gadawyvetilebebsa da gadawyvetilebebis proeqtebs. 27 

2011 

91 



Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 4, 12 (1), 22. 








saqarTvelos“ mimowera irakli 

kotetiSvilTan (sajaro samsaxuris biuros 

ufrosi), 2011 wlis 6 ivnisi. 





4. sajaro samsaxuri

28 iqve, 38-39. 

29 iqve, 39. 

30 Transparency International Georgia, European 


Anti-Corruption Commitments, 38. 

31 www.declaration.ge; 2010 wlis 1 Tebervlamde 

wardgenili qonebrivi deklaraciebi 

ganTavsebulia sajaro samsaxuris biuros 

veb-gverdze: www.csb.gov.ge. 



Anti-Corruption Commitments (2010), 29. 

33 qeiTlin raiani, rusudan xotivari, 

„saministroebis maRali Tanamdebobis 

pirTa Semosavlebisa da premiebis 

monitoringi,“ http://www.transparency.ge/ 

blog/psaministroebis-maghali-tanamdebobispirta-shemosavlebisa-da-premiebis-monitoringip. 

92 


qula: 50 

ramdenad efeqtianad sruldeba kanonis is debulebebi, romlebic sajaro 

samsaxuris finansuri da adamianuri resursebisa da informaciis marTvis 

gamWvirvalobas exeba? 

kanonis im debulebebs, romlebic sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobas exeba, 

sajaro samsaxuris yvela dawesebuleba Tanabrad ar asrulebs. samTavrobo 

uwyebebi sajaro informacias yovelTvis kanoniT dadgenil vadebSi ar gascemen, 

xolo zogierTi tipis informaciis gacemaze, rogoricaa Tanamdebobis 

pirebis premiebis odenoba, saerTod uars amboben. amave dros, bolo TveebSi 

mniSvnelovani winsvla iqna miRweuli saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisa da sajaro 

seqtorSi arsebuli vakansiebis gamWvirvalobis kuTxiT. 

„ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli 

qselis~ (ACN) daskvnis mixedviT, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis 

is debulebebi, romlebic informaciis sajaroobas exeba, yovelTvis saTanadod 

ar sruldeba. sajaro dawesebulebebi xSirad informacias kanoniT dadgenil 

vadebSi ar gascemen da xandaxan ganacxadebs saerTod ar pasuxoben. 28 

am xarvezebis SesaZlo mizezad organizacia im garemoebas asaxelebs, rom 

saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs centraluri organo, romelic monitorings gauwevs 

sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebTan dakavSirebuli wesebis 

dacvas da Sesabamis sajaro mosamsaxureebs treningebs Cautarebs. 29 „saerTa- 

Soriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ dakvirvebiT, maSinac, rodesac sajaro 

informacia mza saxiT arsebobs, sajaro dawesebulebebi xSirad mas 10-dRiani 

vadis amowurvamde ar gascemen; rodesac kiTxva detaluri da kontretulia, 

isini xSirad arasrul pasuxebs iZlevian; informaciis gacemamde xSirad damatebiT 

ganmartebebs an informaciis moTxovnis mizezebis dasaxelebas iTxoven, 

rac kanonis pirdapiri darRvevaa. 30 es daskvnebi am kvlevis farglebSi 

Catarebulma praqtikulma testebmac daadastura, rodesac sxva samoqalaqosazogadoebrivma 

organizaciebma, sainformacio saSualebebma, eTnikuri umciresobebis 

warmomadgenlebma da rigiTma moqalaqeebma sajaro dawesebulebebs 52 

kiTxva gaugzavnes. praqtikulma testebma aCvena, rom sxvadasxva sajaro 

dawesebulebebi sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebze gansxvavebulad 

reagireben da am mxriv yvela maTgani Tanabari aqtiurobiT ar gamoirCeva 

(damatebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT Tavi praqtikuli testebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb). 

qonebis deklarireba praqtikaSic kanonis Sesabamisad xdeba da qonebrivi 

deklaraciebi specialur veb-gverdze qveyndeba. 31 Tumca, amave dros, ar arsebobs 

uwyeba, romelsac deklaraciebis ganxilva da maTSi mocemuli informaciis 

gadamowmeba evaleba. 32 marTalia, yvela qonebriv deklaraciaSi mocemuli 

informaciis gadamowmeba SeuZlebelia, magram „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ azriT, SemTxveviTobis principiT SerCeuli deklaraciebis 

mcire odenobis Semowmeba gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofis 

efeqturi meqanizmi iqneboda. 33 

Tanamdebobis pirTa xelfasebTan dakavSirebuli informacia sajarod xelmisawvdomia, 

magram premiebis gacemis sistema (romlebic, savaraudod, zogi- 


erTi Tanamdebobis piris oficialuri Semosavlis mniSvnelovan nawils 

Seadgens) gamWvirvale ar aris. premiebis odenobis gansazRvrisa da maTi gacemis 

mkafiod Camoyalibebuli sistema ar arsebobs. sajaro dawesebulebebma 

ar daakmayofiles „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganacxadebi, 

romelTa meSveobiT organizacia calkeuli Tanamdebobis pirebis mier 

miRebuli premiebis Sesaxeb informacias iTxovda. 34 

sajaro seqtorSi arsebuli vakansiebis Sesaxeb informaciis gamWvirvaloba 

mxolod nawilobriv aris uzrunvelyofili. kanonis moTxovna, romelic sajaro 

dawesebulebebSi arsebuli vakansiebis Sesaxeb informaciis sajarod 

gamoqveynebas iTvaliswinebs, yvela dawesebulebaSi Tanabrad ar sruldeba, 

radgan zogi dawesebuleba vakansiebs regularulad aqveynebs, zogi ki vakansiebTan 

dakavSirebul informacias arasodes avrcelebs. 35 amave dros, 2010 

wlis bolos sajaro samsaxuris biurom sajaro samsaxurSi arsebuli vakansiebis 

centralizebuli sistemiT Tavis veb-gverdze (www.csb.gov.ge) gamoqveyneba 

daiwyo, rac mniSvnelovani wingadadgmuli nabijia. 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sferoSi gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofa ukanasknel 

wlebSi problemebTan iyo dakavSirebuli, magram bolo dros am mxriv winsvla 

SeimCneva. miuxedavad imisa, rom tenderebTan dakavSirebuli informacia 

gazeTSi da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos veb-gverdze qveyndeboda, ukve 

Catarebuli tenderebis Sesaxeb informaciis mopoveba rTuli iyo. magaliTad, 

„saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacias“ xSirad uWirda saxelmwifo 

SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis mopoveba, gansakuTrebiT adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis organoebidan, xolo is informacia, romelsac organizacia 

iRebda, arasruli iyo. 36 problema Sesyidvebis eleqtronuli sistemis 

danergviT mogvarda da amJamad Sesabamisi informacia specialur veb– 

gverdze qveyndeba (tenders.procurement.gov.ge). 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sajaro seqtoris TanamSromlebi 

angariSvaldebulni iyvnen maT qmedebebze? 

kanonmdebloba zogadad adekvaturia angariSvaldebulebis procedurebis 

mxriv, radgan sajaro dawesebulebebisa da Tanamdebobis pirebis mier 

miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis sxvadasxva meqanizmebs iTvaliswinebs. 

kanoni Zlier debulebebs Seicavs mamxileblebis dacvasTan dakavSirebiT, 

romlebic 2009 wels Sevida ZalaSi. kanoni mxilebas ganmartavs rogorc 

sajaro dawesebulebis Sesabamisi Sida organos (Sida kontrolis an auditis 

ganmaxorcielebeli struqturuli qvedanayofis) informirebas sajaro 

dawesebulebis an sajaro mosamsaxuris mier kanonis an sajaro mosamsaxureTa 

qcevis wesebis darRvevis Sesaxeb, ramac ziani miayena sajaro interesebsa da 

sajaro dawesebulebis reputacias. kanoni krZalavs mamxileblis daSinebas, 

93 

34 ixileT Tavi praqtikuli testebis 

Sedegebis Sesaxeb. 

35 lari heldis, USAID-is mier 





(AED)), interviu avtorTan. 

36 TaTuli Todua, saqarTvelos axalgazrda 

iuristTa asociaciis warmomadgeneli.) 

interviu avtorTan, 2010 wlis 6 ivlisi. 

4. sajaro samsaxuri



Sesaxeb,“ muxli 20 (1), 20 (3), 20 (4), 20 (5), 

20 (8). 


kodeqsi, muxlebi 177-179. 


40 saqarTvelos kanoni `kontrolis palatis 





miRebulia 2010 wlis 26 marts, muxlebi 2, 

6–8, 17, 25, 29, 31, 32. 


miRebulia 1999 wlis 22 ivliss, Tavi 

XXXIX. 

94 

masze zewolas an mis mimarT diskriminaciul mopyrobas. mamxilebeli aseve 

uflebamosilia, mimarTos sasamarTlos, Tu mis an misi ojaxis wevris 

janmrTelobas an sicocxles safrTxe daemuqreba. Tu mamxileblis winaaRmdeg 

administraciuli an sisxlissamarTlebrivi saqmis warmoeba daiwyeba, Sesabamisi 

sajaro dawesebuleba valdebulia, daamtkicos, rom braldebis wardgena 

mxilebis faqts ar ukavSirdeba. mxilebis saCivari ar SeiZleba ganixilos 

im pirma, romlis winaaRmdegac is aris mimarTuli an im pirma, romelic 

pirdapir an arapirdapir dainteresebulia saqmis SedegiT, rac mis miukerZoeblobas 

eWvqveS ayenebs. saCivari Sesabamisma Sida organom umokles gonivrul 

vadaSi unda gamoiZios da ganixilos. Tu Sida mokvlevis Sedegad dadgindeba, 

rom arsebobs safuZveli sisxlissamarTlebrivi an administraciuli sanqciis 

SefardebisTvis, Sida organom amis Sesaxeb Sesabamis samarTaldamcav organoebs 

unda acnobos. 37 

kanonmdeblobaSi aseve arsebobs meqanizmi, romelic moqalaqeebs administraciuli 

organoebis (sajaro dawesebulebebis) gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis 

SesaZleblobas aZlevs. maT SeuZliaT saCivriT zemdgom Tanamdebobis pirs, 

imave organos qvedanayofs, zemdgom administraciul organos an sasamarTlos 

mimarTon. 38 administraciuli organoebi valdebulni arian, saCivris ganxilvisas 

yvela dainteresebul mxares miscen sakuTari azris gamoTqmis saSualeba. 

39 

kontrolis palata (saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba) uflebamosilia, 

Caataros sajaro dawesebulebebis auditi. 40 auditorebs ufleba 

aqvT, gaecnon yvela Sesabamis dokuments, xolo Tu gauCndebaT eWvi, 

rom saxezea danaSaulis niSnebi, amis Sesaxeb samarTaldamcav organoebs acnobon. 

41 amasTan erTad, 2010 wlis martSi miRebuli axali kanonis mixedviT, 

sajaro dawesebulebebi valdebulni arian, Seqmnan Sida auditis subieqtebi, 

romelTac am dawesebulebebis finansuri marTvis efeqtianobis Sefaseba 

evalebaT. Sida auditis subieqtebi angariSvaldebulni arian finansTa saministros 

specialuri organos winaSe. axali kanoni moiTxovs, rom sajaro 

dawesebulebebma SeimuSaon „finansuri marTvisa da kontrolis sistema“ da 

finansTa saministros angariSebi warudginon. rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, 

Sinagan saqmeTa, Tavdacvisa da iusticiis saministroebs, aseve adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis organoebsa da sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebs, Sida 

auditis subieqtebis Seqmna 2013 wlamde ar evalebaT. 42 

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi Seicavs specialur Tavs, romelic 

Tanamdebobis pirebisa da sajaro mosamsaxureebis mier samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis 

farglebSi Cadenil danaSaulebs exeba. sisxlis samarTlis 

kodeqsiT dasjad qmedebebs ganekuTvneba qrTamis micema da aReba, samsaxureobrivi 

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyeneba, samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis 

gadameteba da samsaxureobrivi siyalbe. 43 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seicavs debulebebs, romelTa mizans sajaro 

samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofa warmoadgens. 

am tipis dawesebulebebma yovelwliuri angariSebi specialur saxelmwifo 

kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel organos unda warudginon, romelic 


prezidentis brZanebulebiT ganisazRvreba. kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli 

organo uflebamosilia, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirisgan moiTxovos 

Sesabamisi informaciis wardgena da damoukidebeli auditoris meSveobiT 

Seamowmos misi finansuri angariSebi. 44 am tipis dawesebulebebis saqmianobis 

Semowmebis ufleba saqarTvelos umaRles auditorul dawesebulebas, 

kontrolis palatasac, aqvs. 45 rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, rogorc kontrolis 

palatis angariSSia aRniSnuli, kanonmdebloba mkafiod ar gansazRvravs, 

Tu romeli sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi arian angariSvaldebuli 

finansTa saministros winaSe sxva organoebis msgavsad, romlebic saxelmwifo 

dafinansebas Rebuloben. 46 

parlamenti uflebamosilia, sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebs nebismier 

dros mosTxovos maT saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis/angariSebis 

wardgena. 47 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad angariSvaldebulni arian sajaro seqtoris TanamSromlebi maT 

qmedebebze praqtikaSi? 

sajaro samsaxuris dawesebulebebisa da TanamSromlebis angariSvaldebulebas 

zogadad efeqtianad uzrunvelyofen prokuratura, sasamarTlo xelisufleba 

da umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba. amave dros, Sida auditis 

meqanizmebi mcire xnis win iqna danergili da mTels sajaro seqtors ar moicavs. 

oficialuri statistikuri monacemebi aCvenebs, rom sajaro mosamsaxureebis 

mier Cadenil samarTaldarRvevebs samarTaldamcavi organoebi aqtiurad 

iZieben. prokuraturam 2009 wels 791 aseTi danaSauli daafiqsira, maT Soris 

samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis 94 da qrTamis 

aRebis 79 SemTxveva. 48 rogorc Cans, kerZo mxareebisTvis, romelTac sajaro 

dawesebulebebisgan zaralis anazRaurebis miReba surT, sasamarTlo efeqtur 

meqanizms warmoadgens. magaliTad, 2009 wels, kerZo mxareebma sajaro dawesebulebebis 

winaaRmdeg sasamarTloSi wardgenili sarCelebis naxevari 

moiges (5,342 saqmidan 2,673). 49 

sajaro dawesebulebebis auditorul Semowmebas, kanonis Sesabamisad, kontrolis 

palata axorcielebs. kontrolis palatis saqmianoba am dawesebulebebis 

saqmianobis Sesabamis kanonebTan da biujetebTan Sesabamisobis SemowmebiT 

Semoifargleba, xolo finansuri sistemebis, Sida kontrolisa da Sida 

auditoruli funqciebis Semowmeba ar xorcieldeba. 50 amave dros, bolo TveebSi 

adgili hqonda ramdenime imedismomcem faqts, rodesac kontrolis palatam 

mTel rig sajaro dawesebulebebSi seriozuli darRvevebi gamoavlina 

da gaaxmaura. 51 sajaro dawesebulebebis Sida auditis subieqtebis qmediTobis 

Sefaseba jer rTulia, radgan isini zog dawesebulebaSi erTi welic araa, 

rac funqcionireben, sxvebSi ki maTi Camoyalibeba jer ar momxdara. 

95 

44 saqarTvelos kanoni „sajaro samarTlis 

iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 11, 14. 



dekembers, muxli 6. 

46 saqarTvelos kontrolis palata, 

„saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis 2009 

wlis saqmianobis angariSi“ (Tbilisi: 

kontrolis palata, 2010), 32. 


miRebulia 2004 wlis 17 Tebervals, 

Tavebi II, VII. 

48 saqarTvelos mTavari prokuratura, „2009 

wels arsebuli kriminogenuri 

mdgomareobis angariSi“ (Tbilisi: mTavari 

prokuratura, 2010), 68–71. 

49 monacemebi aRebulia uzenaesi sasamarTlos 

oficialuri veb-gverdidan: 

www.supremecourt.ge (nanaxia 2010 wlis 2 

marts). 





51 saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelo, „ufro damoukidebeli da 

qmediTi kontrolis palata?“ 2010 wlis 1 


blog/pupro-damoukidebeli-da-kmediti-kontrolispalatap 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 7 marts). 

4. sajaro samsaxuri

52 jaba ebanoiZis interviu avtorTan. 

53 2009 wels kontrolis palatam mTeli rigi 

sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis 

auditi ganaxorciela. im dawesebulebebis 

sia, romelTa auditic palatam 

ganaxorciela, ganTavsebulia mis vebgverdze: 

http://www.control.ge/reports/ 

annual-reports/ (nanaxia 2010 wlis 28 

ivliss). 





55 saqarTvelos kanoni `sajaro samsaxuris 

Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 73(1)-73(5). 



96 

rogorc iusticiis ministris moadgile, jaba ebanoiZe, acxadebs, saministroebis 

mier Seqmnil sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebze zedamxedvelobas 

igive saministroebi awarmoeben. 52 yvela im sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli 

piris audits, romelic saxelmwifo dafinansebas iRebs, kontrolis palata 

axorcielebs. 53 

miuxedavad imisa, rom bolo dros saqarTveloSi mamxilebelTa dacvis 

Zlieri normebi amoqmedda, gaurkvevelia, axorcielebs Tu ara mTavroba 

RonisZiebebs sajaro mosamsaxureTa Soris axali debulebebis Sesaxeb 

informaciis gasavrceleblad. 54 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba sajaro samsaxurSi dasaqmebul 

pirTa keTilsindisierebas? 

saqarTveloSi sajaro samsaxuris keTilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebuli 

saTanado wesebi moqmedebs. es wesebi ZiriTadad mocemulia kanonebSi „sajaro 

samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ da „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SuTavseblobisa da 

korufciis Sesaxeb.“ am ukanasknelis bevri debuleba mxolod maRali rangis 

sajaro mosamsaxureebs exeba. 

kanonSi „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ 2009 wels damatebebi Sevida da mas axali 

Tavi daemata – „qcevis zogadi wesebi sajaro mosamsaxureTaTvis“. am damatebebis 

mixedviT, sajaro mosamsaxureebi valdebulni arian, sakuTari samsaxureobrivi 

movaleobebi miukerZoeblad da keTilsindisierad Seasrulon da 

samsaxureobrivi saxsrebi da uflebamosileba piradi miznebisTvis ar gamoiyenon. 

sajaro mosamsaxureebs ekrZalebaT iseTi saCuqrebisa da momsaxurebis 

miReba, romelmac SeiZleba maTi samsaxureobrivi movaleobebis 

Sesrulebaze gavlena moaxdinos da isini valdebulni arian, nebismieri aseTi 

SeTavazebis Sesaxeb maT xelmZRvanelebs acnobon. sajaro mosamsaxureebi 

movaleni arian, aRkveTon interesTa SeuTavseblobis nebismieri SemTxveva, 

xolo, interesTa SeuTavseblobis warmoSobis SemTxvevaSi, ganacxadon mis 

Sesaxeb. maT aseve evalebaT, ganacxadon im naTesavebis Sesaxeb, romlebic 

imave dawesebulebaSi muSaoben. 55 

saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis datovebidan 3 wlis manZilze, yofil sajaro 

mosamsaxureebs ekrZalebaT im organizaciaSi an sawarmoSi muSaoba da misgan 

Semosavlis miReba, romelsac isini ukanaskneli sami wlis manZilze samsaxureobrivad 

zedamxedvelobdnen. 56 sajaro mosamsaxureebs ufleba ar aqvT, 

samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis farglebSi Sevidnen garigebaSi sakuTari 

ojaxis wevrebTan an axlo naTesavebTan, aseve im dawesebulebasTan, romelSic 

isini saqmianoben, samewarmeo subieqtebTan an politikur partiebTan. sajaro 

mosamsaxure valdebulia, mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli samewarmeo subieqtis 

aqciebi misi sajaro samsaxurSi yofnis vadiT sxva pirs gadasces droebiT 

marTvaSi. 57 


„ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciulma 

qselma“ (ACN) dadebiTad Seafasa qarTuli kanonmdeblobis 

is debulebebi, romlebic saCuqrebs exeba, da maT „Zalze detaluri“ uwoda. 58 


im saCuqrebis Rirebulebis zeda zRvars adgens, romelTa miReba sajaro 

mosamsaxures wlis ganmavlobaSi SeuZlia (wliuri xelfasis 15 procenti). 

msgavsi SezRudva moqmedebs sajaro mosamsaxuris ojaxis wevrebisTvisac. 59 

sajaro Tanamdebobis pirs ekrZaleba nebismieri sxva anazRaurebadi samuSaos 

Sesruleba, xolo misi ojaxis wevrebs aseve akrZaluli aqvT im sawarmoSi 

muSaoba an aqciebis floba, romelze zedamxedvelobac am Tanamdebobis pirs 

samsaxureobrivad evaleba. sajaro Tanamdebobis piris axlo naTesavebi ar 

SeiZleba dainiSnon iseT Tanamdebobaze, romelic pirdapir am Tanamdebobis 

pirs eqvemdebareba, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca daniSvna Ria konkursis 

wesiT xdeba. 60 

sajaro mosamsaxuris mier qrTamis micema an aReba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT 

sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulia. 61 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, zemoT aRwerili keTilsindisierebasTan dakav- 

Sirebuli debulebebis mimarTeba sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebTan 

bundovani da orazrovania. amave dros, ar arsebobs kanonis debuleba, romelic 

moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis xelSekrulebebi Seicavdes ke- 

TilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebul an anktikorufciul muxlebs (Tumca kanonSi 

aris debulebebi, romlebic satendero winadadebebis wardgenisa da 

tenderSi gamarjvebulTa SerCevis procesSi interesTa SeuTavseblobis prevencias 

exeba; ufro dawvrilebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT qveTavi, romelic 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sferoSi korufciis SemcirebaSi sajaro seqtoris 

rols exeba). 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia sajaro mosamsaxureTa keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

mTavrobam did warmatebas miaRwia sajaro samsaxurSi qrTamis aRebis praqtikis 

Semcirebis mxriv. amis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi Semavali 

sajaro mosamsaxureTa keTilsindisierebis wesebi praqtikaSi yovelTvis 

saTanadod ar sruldeba, rac ZiriTadad imiT aris gamowveuli, rom ar 

arsebobs efeqturi dawesebuleba, romelsac am wesebis Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa 

da sajaro mosamsaxureebisTvis saTanado treningebis Catareba daevaleboda. 

saqarTvelos mTavrobam 2003 wlis Semdeg sajaro seqtorSi wvrilmani korufciis 

Semcirebis kuTxiT mniSvnelovan progress miaRwia. 2009 wlis 

„globaluri korufciis barometris“ Sedegebis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 

97 




Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report,33. 








4. sajaro samsaxuri



2009), 29, 32. 





64 iqve, 29, 30, 33. 



kotetiSvilTan, 2011 wlis 6 ivnisi. 




Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report, 11-12. 

98 

gamokiTxul pirTa mxolod 2 procenti acxadebda, rom wina wels qrTami 

gadaixada. Tumca, amave dros, respondentebi sajaro Tanamdebobis pirebis 

mimarT ndobis maRali xarisxiT ar gamoirCeodnen da kiTxvaze, romelic 

sajaro Tanamdebobis pirebis keTilsindisierebis 5-baliani SkaliT Sefasebas 

iTvaliswinebda („arakorumpirebuli“ – 1, „Zalian korumpirebuli – 5), 

maT saSualod 3.2 qula mianiWes. 62 

rogorc Cans, keTilsindisierebis wesebis Tanmimdevruli Sesruleba qrTamis 

aRebis winaaRmdeg brZolas ar scildeba. rogorc „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa 

da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli qselis~ 

(ACN) daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, „ar arsebobs safuZveli daskvnisTvis, rom, zogadad, 

[sajaro samsaxuris] biuro sajaro samsaxurSi profesiuli da samar- 

Tlebrivi standartebis dacvas uzrunvelyofs.“ 63 biuros ar gaaCnia uflebamosileba, 

rom keTilsindisierebis wesebis darRvevebze sanqciebi daawesos, 

is sajaro mosamsaxureebisTvis regularul treningebs ar atarebs (gansakuTrebiT 

municipalur doneze) da uZluria, rom interesTa SeuTavseblobis 

wesebisa da Tanamdebobis datovebis Semdgom dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebuli 

SezRudvebis Sesruleba uzrunvelyos. 64 

sajaro samsaxuris biuros momzadebuli aqvs saknonmdeblo winadadeba, 

romlis mixedviT sajaro dawesebulebebs daekirsebaT valdebuleba, rom 

maT TanamSromlebs keTilsindisierebis wesebTan da sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT 

treningebi Cautaron. 65 

roli: sazogadoebis informireba (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad axdens sajaro seqtori sazogadoebis informirebas korufciis 

winaaRmdeg brZolaSi misi rolis Sesaxeb? 

sajaro seqtori amJamad sazogadoebis korufciasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze 

informirebisTvis gamiznul aranair mniSvnelovan saqmianobas ar eweva. 

mTavroba amJamad korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis sferoSi aranair sainformacio 

an saganmanaTleblo saqmianobas ar axorcielebs da am mxriv misi aqtivoba 

korufciuli danaSaulebis gaxsnisas prokurorebis mier Catarebuli 

preskonferenciebiT Semoifargleba. Sesabamisad, sazogadoeba informacias 

mxolod antikorufciuli politikis represiul aspeqtebze iRebs da informirebuli 

ar aris prevenciuli zomebis Sesaxeb, rogorocaa antikorufciuli 

strategiebisa da samoqmedo gegmebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba. 66 amis 

erT-erTi damajerebeli axsna is aris, rom mTavroba korufciad mxolod 

qrTamis aRebas miiCnevs da mas mxolod dapatimrebebisa da deregulaciis 

meSveobiT ebrZvis. „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelosTan“ saubar- 

Si erT-erTma maRali Tanamdebobis pirma nawilobriv daadastura, rom sajaro 

samsaxurisTvis farTo sazogadoebis antikorufciuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb 

informireba prioritets ar warmoadgens. man aRniSna, rom im winsvlis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, romelic bolo wlebSi korufciis Semcirebis kuTxiT iqna 


miRweuli, moqalaqeebi korufcias sajaro seqtoris mniSvnelovan problemad 

aRar aRiqvamen. 67 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, mTelma rigma uwyebebma, romlebic antikorufciul 

RonisZiebebs axorcieleben (magaliTad, prokuraturam da kontrolis 

palatam) Seqmnes cxeli xazebi, romelTa meSveobiT moqalaqeebs SeuZliaT, 

maT korufciasTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebiT mimarTon. sajaro samsaxuris 

biuro farTo sainformacio kampaniis dawyebas gegmavs, romelic miznad 

sajaro samsaxurSi bolo dros ganxorcielebul cvlilebebze (maT Soris, 

antikorufciul RonisZiebebze) sazogadoebis informirebas isaxavs. rogorc 

biuro acxadebs, kampania mTavar aqcents sajaro seqtoris angariSvaldebulebasa 

da gamWvirvalobaze gaakeTebs. 68 

2011 

roli: sajaro dawesebulebebTan, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebTan da kerZo seqtorTan TanamSromloba 

korufciis prevenciisa da daZlevis kuTxiT (praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad TanamSromlobs sajaro seqtori sajaro zedamxedvelobis 

dawesebulebebTan, biznesTan da samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan antikorufciuli 

iniciativebis ganxorcielebis mizniT? 

sajaro seqtori, samoqalaqo sazogadoeba da biznesi korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolis sakiTxebSi erTmaneTTan intensiuri TanamSromlobiT ar gamoirCevian. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ erT-erTia im oTxi samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciidan, romlebic iusticiis saministros mier 

2009 wels Seqmnili korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyebaTaSorisi sakoordinacio 

sabWos wevrebi arian. amis miuxedavad, rodesac sabWo erovnuli 

antikorufciuli strategiisa da misi ganxorcielebis samoqmedo gegmis Seqmnaze 

muSaobda, am procesSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi naklebad monawileobdnen. 

mimdinare samuSaos Sesaxeb informacia am organizaciebs droulad 

ar miwodebodaT da dokumentebis samuSao versiebze sakuTari komentarebis 

mosamzadeblad dro aRar rCebodaT. 


àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom erovnuli antikorufciuli 

strategiis Sesrulebis SefasebaSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

monawileobas Sefasebis kriteriumebis ararseboba arTulebs, xolo kerZo 

seqtori antikorufciul RonisZiebebSi saerTod ar aris CarTuli. organizacia 

aseve xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom sajaro seqtoris sxvadasxva dawesebulebebs 

Soris antikorufciul sakiTxebze TanamSromlobis aranairi oficialuri 

meqanizmi ar arsebobs. 69 

meores mxriv, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, mTavroba aRiarebs reformis procesSi 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTulobis mniSvnelobas. magaliTad, samoqalaqo 

99 

67 jaba ebanoiZis interviu avtorTan. 



kotetiSvilTan (sajaro samsaxuris biuros 

ufrosi), 2011 wlis 6 ivnisi. 




Monitoring, Georgia Monitoring Report, 11, 45. 

4. sajaro samsaxuri



20 aprils. 

71 debuleba „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb,“ 

damtkicebulia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

saagentos Tavmjdomaris mier, 2006 wlis 3 

ianvars. 

100 

sazogadoebis organizaciebi warmodgenilni arian saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

saagentosa da kontrolis palatis davebis ganmxilvel sabWoebSi. amasTan 

erTad, ramdenime arasamTavrobo organizacia, maT Soris „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTveloc,“ centralur saarCevno komisiasTan arsebuli 

im samuSao jgufis wevrebi iyvnen, romelmac SeimuSava memorandumi 

administraciuli resursebis borotad gamoyenebis dauSveblobis Sesaxeb 

2010 wlis maisis arCevnebis mosamzadebel periodSi (aseve 2008 wlis saparlamento 

da saprezidento arCevnebis dros). samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis 

warmomadgenlebi xSirad arian CarTulni politikis SemuSavebis 

procesSi, Tumca, rogorc wesi, maT kanonproeqtebze komentarebis mosamzadeblad 

Zalze mcire dro eZlevaT. 

roli: korufciis riskebis Semcireba saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas keTilsindisierebis 

garantirebis gziT (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba keTilsindisierebis dacvas saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis procedurebis ganxorcielebisas, maT Soris rogorc 

mimwodeblebze, ise Tanamdebobis pirebze sanqciebis dawesebas da 

maTi gadawyvetilebebis ganxilvisa da gasaCivrebis meqanizmebis arsebobas? 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis maregulirebeli vrceli sakanonmdeblo 

baza aqvs. es kanonmdebloba mTel rig detalur debulebebs Seicavs, 

romelTa mizani procesis obieqturobis uzrunvelyofa da korufciis riskebis 

Semcirebaa. kanonSi 2009 wels Sesuli cvlilebebi iseTi damatebiTi 

garantiebis Seqmnas iTvaliswinebs, rogorebicaa eleqtronuli Sesyidvebis 

sistema da damoukidebeli kolegia, romelsac saCivrebis ganxilva evaleba. 

amis miuxedavad, rogorc eqspertebi aRniSnaven, arsebuli procedurebi 

praqtikaSi yovelTvis saTanadod ar sruldeba da dawesebulebas, romelsac 

Sesyidvebis sistemis kontroli evaleba, qmediTi zedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba 

ar SeuZlia. zogierTi meqanizmi mcire xnis win dainerga da praqtikaSi 

maTi efeqtianobis Sefaseba jer-jerobiT rTulia. 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis zogadi wesebi mocemulia kanonSi „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

Sesaxeb,“ 70 xolo Sesabamisi procedurebi ufro detalurad aris 

aRwerili debulebaSi „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb.“ 

71 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs calkeuli dawesebulebebi axorcieleben, magram 

am procesze saerTo zedamxedvelobas saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento 

axorcielebs. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento damoukidebeli uwyebaa, romelsac 

saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli saqmianobis koordinireba 

da masze monitoringis ganxorcieleba evaleba. saagento angariSvaldebulia 

ministrTa kabinetis winaSe da mis Tavmjdomares premier-ministri niSnavs. 

saagento valdebulia, Semsyidveli organizaciebidan miRebuli angariSebis 

safuZvelze sistematurad Seiswavlos da gaaanalizos saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

sferoSi arsebuli mdgomareoba da mTavrobas Sesabamisi rekomendaciebi 


warudginos, amave dros, uzrunvelyos, rom Sesyidvebis procedurebi kanonis 

Sesabamisad xorcieldeba. 72 qvemoT ganxiluli kanonis moTxovnebi sajaro 

samarTlis iuridiul pirebzec vrceldeba. 73 

kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis zogad meTodad Ria tenders 

adgens, romelsac ramdenime gamonaklisi aqvs. bolo dros miRebul iqna kanonis 

ramdenime damateba, romlebmac Sesyidvebis struqtura mniSvnelovnad 

Secvala. SemoRebul iqna eleqtronuli vaWroba, romelic erTiani eleqtronuli 

sistemis saSualebiT xorcieldeba, da amJamad sajaro dawesebulebebs 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis gansaxorcieleblad 3 tipis proceduris 

gamoyeneba SeuZliaT: 1) eleqtronuli tenderi (200,000 laris an meti Rirebulebis 

SesyidvebisTvis); 2) gamartivebuli eleqtronuli tenderi 

(200,000 laramde Rirebulebis SesyidvebisTvis); 3) gamartivebuli Sesyidva 

(5,000 laramde Rirebulebis SesyidvebisTvis). 74 eleqtronul tendersa da 

gamartivebul eleqtronul tenders Soris ZiriTadi gansxvaveba mTliani 

procedurisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli dReebis ricxvia, xolo gamartivebuli 

Sesyidva Semsyidvel organizaciebs saqonlisa da momsaxurebis pirdapir 

SeZenis saSualebas aZlevs. 

Ria tenderis wesidan daSvebul gamonaklisebze 5,000-lariani zeda zRvris 

SemoReba mniSvnelovani wingadadgmuli nabijia, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

rom adre es zRvari 50,000-dan 100,000 laramde meryeobda. 

amave dros, mTlianad es kanoni da misi is moTxovnebi, romlebic Ria tenders 

exeba, ar vrceldeba sajaro dawesebulebebis mier ganxorcielebul mTel 

rig Sesyidvebze. is garemoeba, rom am gamonaklisebis amomwuravi sia kanonSia 

mocemuli, misasalmebeli faqtia, magram am siis zogierTma punqtma SesaZloa 

problemebi gamoiwvios. magaliTad, kanoni ar exeba saqarTvelos prezidentis, 

mTavrobisa da q. Tbilisis meriis specialuri fondebidan („sarezervo 

fondebi“) gamoyofili TanxebiT ganxorcielebul Sesyidvebs. 75 

kanoni Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romelTa mizani interesTa SeuTavseblobis 

potenciuri SemTxvevebis gamovlenis gziT kontraqtorTa SerCevis 

procesis obieqturobis uzrunvelyofaa. es wesebi Zalze detaluri da 

„saguldagulod SemuSavebulia.“ 76 tenders atarebs satendero komisia, romelic 

Semsyidveli organizaciis Tanamdebobis pirebisgan Sedgeba. mas Semdeg, 

rac komisiis wevrebisTvis cnobili gaxdeba pretendentebis vinaoba, isini 

valdebulni arian, werilobiT daadasturon, rom konkretuli Sesyidvis 

ganxorcielebaSi maTi monawileoba interesTa SeuTavseblobas ar gamoiwvevs. 

yvela is piri, romelsac interesTa SeuTavsebloba warmoeSoba, valdebulia 

Sesyidvebis procesSi monawileobaze uari Tqvas. 77 kanoni subieqturi gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebis saSualebas naklebad iZleva, radganac moiTxovs, rom 

komisiam is SeTavazeba airCios, romelic yvelaze dabali fasis gadaxdas iTvaliswinebs 

da komisiis mier winaswar gamocxadebul kriteriumebs akmayofilebs. 

78 

kanoni im satendero gancxadebebis standartul Sinaarss adgens, romlebic 

eleqtronuli Sesyidvebis sistemaSi unda ganTavsdes. Semsyidveli organizaciebi 

aseve valdebulni arian, gamoiyenon evropis kavSiris „Sesyidvebis saer- 

2011 

101 


Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 4. 



75 iqve, muxli 3 (1). 

76 lina RvinianiZe (saia), citirebulia: 

Transparency International Georgia, European 





78 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos 

Tavmjdomaris brZaneba #9 „saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis eleqtronuli saSualebiT 

ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb droebiTi wesis 

damtkicebis Sesaxeb,“ Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 

22 oqtomberi, muxli 10. 

4. sajaro samsaxuri




ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 26. 




ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 24 (1). 










Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 22 (1). 



Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos kanonSi 

cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis 

Taobaze,“ miRebulia 2009 wlis 20 

noembers, muxli 1. 

102 

To terminologia.“ 79 satendero dokumentebSi Setanili nebismieri cvlileba 

imave erTian eleqtronul sistemaSi unda ganTavsdes tenderis dasasrulamde 

araugvianes 5 dRisa (gamartivebuli eleqtronuli tenderis SemTxvevaSi 

– araugvianes 2 dRisa). 80 

kanonSi aRwerilia is procesi, romliTac Sesyidvis xelSekrulebis Sesrulebis 

kontroli unda ganxorcieldes. Semsyidvelma organizaciam unda daniSnos 

koordinatori an Seqmnas inspeqtirebis specialuri jgufi. kanonSi 

CamoTvlilia is sazedamxedvelo RonisZiebebi, romlebic koordinatorma 

da/an inspeqtirebis jgufma unda gaataron (magaliTad, xelSekrulebis 

Sesrulebaze kontrolis gegmisa da grafikis Sedgena, saqonlis an momsaxurebis 

xarisxze zedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba). Semsyidvelma organizaciam 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos regularulad unda miawodos informacia 

inspeqtirebis jgufis daskvnebis Sesaxeb (Tumca angariSgebis zusti sixSire 

gansazRvruli ar aris). 81 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento valdebulia, Seqmnas Sesyidvebis monacemTa 

erTiani sainformacio baza 82 da, aseve, awarmoos SesyidvebSi monawile arakeTilsindisier 

pirTa reestri. 83 yvela Semsyidveli organizacia valdebulia, 

saagentos ganxorcielebuli Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb angariSebi warudginos. 

84 Semsyidveli organizaciebi aseve valdebulni arian, Sesyidvebis procesTan 

dakavSirebuli yvela dokumenti da masala xelSekrulebis gaformebidan 

sami wlis ganmavlobaSi Seinaxon. 85 saagento uflebamosilia, Sesyidvebis 

ganxorcielebis procesis nebismier etapze Semsyidvel organizaciebsa 

da SesyidvebSi monawile pirebs SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri 

dokumentis wardgena mosTxovos. 86 saagentos aseve ufleba aqvs, Semsyidvel 

organizaciebs mosTxovos maTi ukanono qmedebebis gamosworeba, xolo 

dadgenili wesebis uxeSi da sistematiuri darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, daayenos 

sakiTxi maTTvis dafinansebis droebiTi SeCerebis Sesaxeb. 87 kontrolis palatas 

(saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba) agreTve ufleba 

aqvs, Semsyidveli organizaciis auditis meSveobiT Seamowmos saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis procesi. 88 

pretendentebs ufleba aqvT, Semsyidveli organizaciis an satendero komisiis 

qmedebebi Tavad am organizaciaSi, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentoSi an sasamarTloSi 

gaasaCivron. Tu saCivari saagentoSi iqneba wardgenili da saagento 

daadgens, rom masSi gamoTqmuli pretenziebi safuZvliania, mas ufleba 

aqvs, Semsyidvel organizacias misi gadawyvetilebis Secvla ubrZanos. saagentos 

aseve ufleba aqvs, Sesabamis organoebSi dasvas kanondamrRvevTa 

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi. Semsyidveli organizacia valdebulia, saCivris 

ganxilvis periodSi SeaCeros Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis procesi. Semsyidveli 

organizaciis da saagentos mier saCivarTan dakavSirebiT miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi 

SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasamarTloSi. 89 kanonis bolodroindeli 

damatebebis mixedviT, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento valdebulia, 

saCivrebis gansaxilvelad Seqmnas specialuri kolegia, romelSic Tanabari 

raodenobiT Sevlen Tavad saagentosa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

warmomadgenlebi. 90 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebze samoqalaqo kontrolis ganxorcielebis mizniT, 

kanoni moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentosTan Seiqmnas 


sameTvalyureo sabWo, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnes „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

sistemis gamWvirvaloba, saagentos muSaobis sajarooba da demokratiuli 

marTva.“ sabWo, romlis Semadgenloba 7 wevriT ganisazRvreba, unda dakompleqtdes 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da masmediis warmomadgenlebisagan da 

mmarTveli organoebis Tanamdebobis pirebisagan. sabWo uflebamosilia, Semsyidveli 

organizaciebisgan miiRos da Seamowmos nebismieri informacia. 

kanonis moxedviT, sabWos sxdomebi sajaroa. 91 amJamad saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

saagentosTan arsebul sabWoSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ori da masmediis 

erTi warmomadgeneli Sedis. 92 

„saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb“ kanoni mTel rig xarvezebs Seicavs. kerZod, 

is pirdapir ar moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procesis sxvadasxva 

etapze masSi CarTul pirebs raime specialuri kvalifikacia hqondeT. kanonSi 

aseve ar aris debuleba, romelic mkveTrad gamijnavs satendero procesis 

monawile pirTa movaleobebs da, magaliTad, moiTxovs, rom saqonlis an momsaxurebis 

Sefaseba, satendero dokumentebis daxvewa da sazedamxedvelo saqmianobis 

ganxorcieleba sxvadasxva pirebs daevaloT. kanoni ar iTvaliswinebs 

administraciul sanqciebs (magaliTad, sajaro Tanamdebobaze muSaobis 

akrZalvas) im pirebisTvis, romlebic saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebul 

sisxlis samarTlis danaSauls Caidenen. amasTan erTad, „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa 

da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli qselis~ 

(ACN) daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procesSi 

monawileobas unda ukrZalavdes im kompaniebs, romelTa mimarT arsebobs 

korufciuli danaSaulis gamo sasamarTlos mier gamotanili gamamtyunebeli 

ganaCeni, xolo pretendentebs Semsyidveli organizaciis mier SerCeul Sesyidvis 

tipTan (mag. gadawyvetileba pirdapiri Sesyidvis nacvlad Ria tenderis 

gamocxadebis Sesaxeb) dakavSirebuli saCivrebis wardgenis uflebas 

unda aZlevdes. 93 

amJamad moqmedi sistema, romlis mixedviT tenderSi gamarjvebuli mxolod 

saqonlis an momsaxurebis fasis mixedviT vlindeba, erTis mxriv, Semsyidveli 

organizaciebis mier mikerZoebuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebis SesaZleblobas 

zRudavs, magram, amave dros, pretendentebisTvis qmnis arasasurvel stimuls, 

rom xarjebi zustad ar daafiqsiron, xolo saqonlisa da momsaxurebis 

xarisxs saTanado mniSvnelobas ar aniWebs. imisTvis, rom es sistema efeqturi 

iyos, saWiroa, rom mniSvnelovani resursebi iyos CarTuli satendero dokumentebis 

SedgenaSi da Sesyidvebis procesis ganxorcielebaze zedamxedvelobis 

ganxorcielebaSi. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos amJamad aseTi 

gamocdileba savaraudod ar gaaCnia. 

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis amJamindeli praqtikis Sefasebas is garemoebac 

arTulebs, rom mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelom eleqtronuli Sesyidvebis axali 

sistema danerga erTi welic ar gasula da praqtikaSi misi efeqturobis Sesaxeb 

raime myari daskvnis gasakeTeblad sakmarisi monacemebi jer-jerobiT ar 

arsebobs. 

rogorc Cans, saqarTveloSi Ria tenderi Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis yvelaze 

gavrcelebuli formaa. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos informaciiT, 2009 

2011 

103 



92 saqarTvelos mTavrobis gankarguleba 

#977, 2009 wlis 15 dekemberi, 

http://spa.ge/index.php?m=138 (nanaxia 2011 






4. sajaro samsaxuri




95 lina RvinianiZe (saia), citirebulia: 

Transparency International Georgia, European 



96 TaTuli Toduas interviu avtorTan, 2010 

wlis 6 ivlisi. 


saqarTvelo, „kotejuri tipis dasaxlebebi 

axali devnilebisTvis saqarTveloSi: 

angariSvaldebuleba daxmarebisa da 

mSeneblobis procesSi,“ 

http://www.transparency.ge/post/report/ 

kotedjuri-tipis-dasakhlebebi-akhalidevnilebistvis-sakartveloshiangarishvaldebuleba-dak 

98 TaTuli Toduas interviu avtorTan. 


saqarTvelo, „ufro damoukidebeli da 

qmediTi kontrolis palata?“ 2010 wlis 1 


blog/pupro-damoukidebeli-da-kmediti-kontrolispalatap 




wlis saqmianobis angariSi“ (Tbilisi: 





104 

wels pirdapir Sesyidvebze sxvadasxva Semsyidveli organizaciebisTvis 

gamoyofili fulis mxolod 3 procenti daixarja, xolo 75 procenti Ria 

tenderis meSveobiT iqna daxarjuli. 94 eleqtronuli Sesyidvebis sistemis 

SemoRebis Semdeg msgavsi monacemebi jer xelmisawvdomi ar aris. amis 

miuxedavad, savaraudoa, rom pirdapiri Sesyidvebis procentuli wili 

Semcirda, radgan aseT Sesyidvebze dasaxarjad dasaSvebi Tanxis maqsimaluri 

odenoba mkveTrad iqna Semcirebuli. 

saia-s informaciiT, satendero procedurebi yovelTvis saTanadod ar 

sruldeba. SerCevis kriteriumebi zogjer mas Semdeg icvleba, rac pretendentebi 

ganacxadebs waradgenen, zog SemTxveaSi ki, isini saerTod ar qveyndeba. 

satendero komisiebi xSirad maTi gadawyvetilebebis mizezebs ar asaxeleben. 95 

erT-erTi eqsperti, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, acxadebs, rom praqtikaSi Sesyidvebis xelSekrulebebis Sesrulebaze 

zedamxedveloba yovelTvis saTanadod ar xorcieldeba. magaliTad, 

2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omis Sedegad iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli 

pirebisTvis kotejebis mSeneblobaze ganxorcielebuli zedamxedvelobis 

xarvezebma uaryofiTad imoqmeda kontraqtorebis mier Sesrulebuli samu- 

Saos xarisxze. 96 monitoringis daskvnidan, romelSic erTmaneTTan Sedarebulia 

sxvadaxva sajaro dawesebulebebis saqmianoba mSeneblobaze zedamxedvelobis 

ganxorcielebis mxriv, irkveva, rom mcxeTis municipalitets mSeneblobis 

xarisxis uzrunvelyofa da korufciis Tavidan acileba naklebad 

SeeZlo, vidre „municipaluri ganviTarebis fonds,“ romelic msoflio bankis 

mier samSeneblo proeqtebze zedamxedvelobis mizniT Seqmnili sajaro 

samarTlis iuridiuli piria. fondis mier Catarebuli sazedamxedvelo processac 

problemebi axlda Tan, radgan im pirobebSi, rodesac qveyanaSi kvalificiuri 

specialistebis raodenoba aseTi mcirea, zedamxedveli inJinrebis 

damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofa faqtiurad SeuZlebelia da am zedamxedvelebis 

mier Catarebuli monitoringi Tanmimdevrul xasiaTs ar atarebda. 97 

gamoiTqva varaudi, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento instituciurad 

jer kidev sustia da mas sazedamxedvelo rolis saTanadod Sesasruleblad 

sakmarisi resursebi ar gaaCnia. 98 

kontrolis palatis bolodroindeli kvlevis Sedegebi, romlebic mTel rig 

sajaro dawesebulebebSi saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebul korufcias 

exeba, SerCevis procedurebisa da zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebis sisustesTan 

dakavSirebul zemoxsenebul mosazrebebs adasturebs. 99 amasTan erTad, palatis 

angariSSi xazgasmiT aris aRniSnuli municipalur doneze arsebuli 

mTeli rigi problemebi, romlebic Sesyidvebis pirobebs, fasebs, xelSekrulebis 

pirobebsa da xelSekrulebis Sesrulebaze zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebs 

ukavSirdeba. 100 

wina periodSi, sazogadoebaSi naklebi iyo imis rwmena, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

saagentos SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebis saTanadod ganxilva 

SeeZlo. 101 magaliTad, 2009 wels saagentoSi mxolod ori saCivari 

iqna wardgenili. amis miuxedavad, rogorc Cans, bolo dros mdgomareoba 


Seicvala. 2010 wels Seiqmna davebis ganxilvis sabWo, romelSic mTavrobisa 

da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebi Tanabari raodenobiT arian 

warmodgenili. sabWom mxolod 2010 wlis pirveli ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi 13 

saCivari miiRo (maTgan 2 srulad dakmayofilda, erTi nawilobriv dakmayofilda 

da 10-is dakmayofilebaze uari iTqva). 102 

2011 

105 

102 TiToeul am saCivarTan dakavSirebiT 

sabWos mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis 

asli ganTavsebulia saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis saagentos veb-gverdze: 

http://procurement.gov.ge/index.php?lang_ 

id=GEO&sec_id=12 (nanaxia 2011 wlis 7 

marts). 

4. sajaro samsaxuri

5. samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

106 

reziume 

saqarTvelos samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi saxelmwifo biujetidan uxv dafinansebas 

iReben, ris Sedegadac ukanasknel wlebSi SesaZlebeli gaxda maTi 

mdgomareobis mniSvnelovnad gaumjobeseba materialuri da adamianuri 

resursebis mxriv. Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da prokuratura qveynis yvelaze 

mZlavr da gavlenian uwyebaTa rigs miekuTvnebian, Tumca maT zogjer politikuri 

xelmZRvanelobis partiuli interesebis gasatareblad iyeneben. 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis antikorufciuli saqmianobis Sedegad, sajaro 

samsaxurSi meqrTameoba faqtobrivad aRmoifxvra. Tumca, kvlavac arsebobs 

am uwyebebis gamWvirvalobasa da angariSvaldebulebasTan dakavSirebuli 

problemebi. 


Sefasebulia samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da 

maTi roli saqarTvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi 









roli samarTlebrivi devna korufciis winaaRmdeg 75 

75/100 


2011 


Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da prokuratura saqarTvelos ZiriTad samarTaldamcav 

uwyebebs warmoadgenen. mTavari sakanonmdeblo debulebebi, romlebic maT 

saqmianobas aregulirebs, mocemulia kanonSi „policiis Sesaxeb,“ saqarTvelos 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros debulebasa da „prokuraturis Sesaxeb“ kanonSi. 1 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, misi axlandeli saxiT, 2004 wels uSiSroebisa 

da Sinagan saqmeTa saministroebis Serwymis Sedegad Camoyalibda. is axorcielebs 

rogorc uSiSroebasTan da kontrdazvervasTan dakavSirebul funqciebs, 

ise ufro tradiciuli tipis samarTaldamcav saqmianobas. Sinagan saqmeTa 

saministro saTaveSi udgas policiis Zalze centralizebul sistemas, 

romelSic Sedian rogorc konkretuli amocanebis Semsrulebeli struqturuli 

qvedanayofebi (magaliTad, sapatrulo policia da kriminaluri 

policia), ise teritoriuli organoebi, romelTac qveynis konkretul nawil- 

Si samarTaldacviTi saqmianobis ganxorcieleba evalebaT (mTavari sammarTveloebi, 

romlebic dedaqalaqsa da yvela regionSi funqcionirebs). sasazRvro 

policia aseve Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sistemis Semadgeneli nawilia. 2 

saministros evaleba saxelmwifo usafrTxoebisa da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis 

uzrunvelyofa, aseve adamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacva. 3 

prokuratura iusticiis saministros Semadgeneli nawilia. prokuraturis 

sistemaSi Sedis mTavari prokuratura da saqalaqo, raionuli da regionuli 

prokuraturebi, aseve afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebis prokuraturebi. 

prokuraturis ZiriTad movaleobebs sisxlissamarTlebrivi 

devna da winaswari gamoZieba warmoadgens. 4 prokuraturis mTel sistemas 

iusticiis ministri xelmZRvanelobs, romelsac eqskluziuri uflebamosileba 

aqvs, awarmoos sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna mTeli rigi maRali rangis 

moxeleebis, maT Soris, prezidentis, uzenaesi da sakonstitucio sasamarTloebis 

Tavmjdomareebis, parlamentis wevrebis, saxalxo damcvelisa da kontrolis 

palatis (umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba) Tavmjdomaris winaaRmdeg. 

5 iusticiis ministri waradgens mTavari prokurorobis kandidats, 

romelsac prezidenti niSnavs. mTavar prokurors ufleba aqvs, daniSnos da 

Tanamdebobidan gaaTavisuflos qvemdgomi prokurorebi da gamomZieblebi. 

mas aseve gaaCnia eqskluziuri uflebamosileba, awarmoos sisxlissamarTlebrivi 

devna iusticiis ministrisa da sxva prokurorebis winaaRmdeg. 6 

Sefaseba 


qula: 100 

ramdenad aqvT samarTaldamcav uwyebebs praqtikaSi efeqtiani funqcionirebisTvis 

saWiro finanasuri da adamianuri resursebi da infrastruqtura? 

saxelmwifo biujetSi bolo wlebSi samarTaldamcavi uwyebebisTvis gaTvaliswinebulma 

uxvma dafinansebam am uwyebebs saSualeba misca, sagrZnoblad 

107 

1 saqarTvelos kanoni „policiis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 1993 wlis 26 ivliss; 

saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba 

#614 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa 

saministros debulebis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb, 2004 wlis 27 dekemberi; 

saqarTvelos kanoni „prokuraturis 


oqtombers. 

2 Sinagan saqmeTa saministros debuleba, 



4 saqarTvelos kanoni „prokuraturis 

Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 14-15. 



5. samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi

7 monacemebi sxvadasxva wlebSi biujetSi 

gaTvaliswinebuli dafinansebis odenobis 

Sesaxeb aRebulia finansTa saministros 

veb-gverdidan: http://www.mof.gov.ge/ 

budget/by_year (nanaxia 2011 wlis 24 

marts). 

8 The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, 

“Short Overview of the Reforms in the Ministry 

of Internal Affairs of Georgia”, 1. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ dokumenti Sinagan saqmeTa 

saministrom miawoda. 


“Progress Report of the Implementation of the 

Ministry of Internal Affairs Component of 2005 

Criminal Justice Reform Strategy”, 15. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ dokumenti Sinagan saqmeTa 

saministrom miawoda. 



of Internal Affairs of Georgia”, 2. 

11 interviu avtorTan, 2010 wlis 21 ivlisi. 

12 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

debuleba, damtkicebulia saqarTvelos 

prezidentis mier 2004 wlis 27 dekembers, 

muxli 21. 

13 mTavari prokuroris moadgilis, daviT 

sayvareliZis interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 

2010 wlis 18 noemberi. 


muxli 4. 

108 

gaezardaT maTi TanamSromlebis xelfasebi da mniSvnelovnad gaeumjobesebinaT 

aRWurviloba da infrastruqtura. 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministro saxelmwifo dafinansebis erT-erT yvelaze msxvili 

mimRebia ukanasknel wlebSi. 2010 wels Sss-ze didi dafinanseba mxolod 

orma saministrom (Sromis, jandacvisa da sacialuri dacvis saministrom da 

Tavdacvis saministrom) miiRo. saministros amJamindeli biujeti 566 milion 

lars aRwevs, maSin rodesac 2004 wels is mxolod 156 milion lars Seadgenda. 

prokuraturis biujeti 2004-2011 wlebSi 12-dan 18 milion laramde gaizarda. 

7 

rogorc Sinagan saqmeTa saministros erT-erT dokumentSia aRniSnuli, uSiSroebis 

saministrosTan Serwymas TanamSromelTa saerTo ricxvis 70,000-dan 

27,000-mde Semcireba mohyva. aman saministros saSualeba misca, gaezarda xelfasebi 

da meti resursebi moexmarebina infrasturqturis gaumjobesebisTvis. 8 

2003 wlis Semdeg saministroSi xelfasebi saSualod 12-jer gaizarda. 9 policiis 

ganyofilebebis Senobebi SekeTda an Tavidan aSenda, xolo policielebi 

axali satransporto saSualebebiT iqnen aRWurvilni. 10 rogorc Sinagan 

saqmeTa saministros informaciisa da analitikuri departamentis ufrosi, 

SoTa utiaSvili, ambobs, bolo eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi saministroSi kompiuterebis 

raodenoba 150-dan 7,000-mde gaizarda. 11 

2004 wels Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi sakonstitucio usafrTxoebis departamenti 

Seiqmna, romelsac korufciasTan dakavSirebuli danaSaulebis gamo- 

Zieba evaleba. 12 

rogorc mTavari prokuroris moadgile, daviT sayvareliZe, acxadebs, prokuraturas 

misi movaleobebis Sesasruleblad sakmarisi finansuri, materialuri 

da adamianuri resursebi gaaCnia. xelfasebis done adekvaturia da 

TanamSromlebi aseve iReben premiebs da sargebloben sxvadasxva daxmarebebiTa 

da SeRavaTebiT. uwyeba kargi kompiuteruli baziT aris aRWurvili da 

2011 wlidan saqmeebis marTvis eleqtronul sistemaze srulad gadasvlas 

gegmavs. 13 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelni arian samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi kanoniT? 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs ramdenime mZlavr debulebas, romelTa mizani samar- 

Taldamcavi uwyebebis damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa. amasTan erTad, SeSfoTebas 

iwvevs zogierTi debuleba, romelic prokuraturis damoukideblobas 

exeba. 

kanoniT „policiis Sesaxeb“ akrZalulia policiaSi politikuri organizaciebis 

Seqmna. 14 kanoni adgens policiaSi samuSaod miRebis zogad wesebs da 

acxadebs, rom axalwveulebma policiaSi miRebamde an miRebis Semdeg 


specialuri momzadebis programa unda gaiaron. policielebs ufleba ar 

aqvT, policiaSi muSaobis paralelurad, ekavoT raime Tanamdeboba saxazino 

dawesebulebaSi an komerciul sawarmoSi. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebis 

garda, policielisTvis samsaxureobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas 

xelis SeSla akrZalulia da policielebs ufleba aqvT, maTi uflebebisa da 

Tavisuflebebis dasacavad mimarTon sasamarTlos. kanonSi aseve CamoTvlilia 

policielis samsaxuridan daTxovnis safuZvlebi. 15 miuxedavad imisa, rom 

am safuZvlebis umetesoba gonivrulia (magaliTad, samsaxureobrivi disciplinis 

uxeSi darRveva da korufciuli samarTaldarRvevis Cadena), im 

garemoebam, rom kanoni reorganizaciis an Statebis Semcirebis dros policielis 

samsaxuridan daTxovnis uflebas iZleva, SesaZloa, policiis damoukidebloba 

safrTxis qveS daayenos. 

kanoni „prokuraturis Sesaxeb“ Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romelTa mizans 

am uwyebis damoukideblobis ganmtkiceba warmoadgens. kanoni pirdapir krZalavs 

prokuraturisTvis iseTi movaleobis dakisrebas, romelic Sesabamisi 

debulebebiT gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris da prokuraturis saqmianobis erTerT 

ZiriTad principad „politikur neitralitets“ acxadebs. 16 prokuraturis 

muSakebs ekrZalebaT politikuri partiis wevroba da ufleba ar aqvT, 

eweodnen politikur an samewarmeo saqmianobas. prokuraturis muSakis mier 

samsaxureobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas misTvis xelis SeSla an mis mimarT 

nebismieri Zaladoba, aseve prokuraturis muSakis an misi ojaxis wevrebis 

mimarT muqara an zewola, kanoniT dasjadi qmedebebia da saxelmwifo organoebi 

valdebulni arian, aseT faqtebze saTanado reagireba moaxdinon. kanoni 

aseve acxadebs, rom prokuraturis muSakebi maT saqmianobaSi damoukidebeli 

unda iyvnen da, kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebis garda, maTi samsaxuridan 

daTxovna dauSvebelia. 17 prokuraturis muSakebis samsaxuridan daTxovnis 

kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli safuZvlebi ZiriTadad gonivrulia, Tumca, 

iseve rogorc policielebis SemTxvevaSi, is debuleba, romelic maTi kadrebis 

Semcirebis safuZvelze gaTavisuflebis uflebas iZleva, praqtikaSi SesaZloa, 

borotad iqnes gamoyenebuli. 

kanoni Tanamdebobis pirebs, aseve politikur da sazogadoebriv gaerTianebebs, 

prokuraturis muSakebis saqmianobaSi Carevas pirdapir ukrZalavs. 18 

kanoniT agreTve akrZalulia sxva saxelmwifo organoebis mier prokuraturis 

muSakebisTvis miTiTebebis micema konkretul saqmeze sisxlissamarTlebrivi 

devnis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. 19 

kanoni „prokuraturis Sesaxeb“ moiTxovs, rom prokurorebi da prokuraturis 

gamomZieblebi Tanamdebobaze profesiuli kriteriumebis safuZvelze 

dainiSnon. kerZod, kanoni acxadebs, rom pirebma, romelTac am Tanamdebobebze 

daniSvna surT, unda gaiaron sul cota 6-Tviani staJireba da Caabaron 

sakvalifikacio gamocdebi ramdenime disciplinaSi. prokuraturis muSakebma 

yovel 3 weliwadSi erTxel unda gaiaron atestacia. 20 rac Seexeba uaryofiT 

mxares, prokuraturis muSakebis dawinaurebis kriteriumebi kanonSi Camoyalibebuli 

ar aris. 

rogorc veneciis komisiis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, kanonSi samarTaldamcavebis 

damoukideblobis kuTxiT yvelaze did SeSfoTebas is garemoeba iwvevs, rom 

2011 

109 

15 iqve, muxli19-25. 

16 saqarTvelos kanoni “prokuraturis 


17 iqve, muxli 31, 35. 






Law, Opinion on Four Constitutional Laws 

Amending the Constitution o f Georgia, adopted 

by the Venice Commission at its 78th Plenary 

Session (Venice, 13-14 March 2009), 8-9. 


Europe and Central Asia, Second Round of 

Monitoring: Georgia Monitoring Report, 

adopted at the 8th Monitoring Meeting of the 

Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe 

and Central Asia Istanbul Anti-Corruption 

Action Plan on 31 March 2010 at the OECD 

Headquarters in Paris, 14-15. 

23 ixileT Tavi sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

Sesaxeb. 





25 daviT sayvareliZis interviu avtorTan. 






Observation Mission Final Report, (Warsaw: 

OSCE/ODIHR, 2008), 12. 

28 nina xatiskaci da keitlin raiani, `mestia: 

opoziciis aqtivistebTan dakavSirebul 

incidentebTan kiTxvebi kvlav rCeba,“ 2010 

wlis 15 oqtomberi, http://www.transparency.ge/ 

blog/pmestia-opozitsiis-aktivistebtandakavshirebul-intsidentebtan-kitkhebi-kvlavrchebap 


110 

iusticiis ministrs, romelic politikuri Tanamdebobis piria, sisxlissamar- 

Tlebrivi devnis warmoebis pirdapiri uflebamosilebebi gaaCnia da kanonis 

zogierTi debuleba iseTi interpretirebis saSualebas iZleva, rom ministrs 

ufleba aqvs, calkeul saqmeebze prokurorebis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi 

gaauqmos. 21 „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ 

(OECD) àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) daskvnaSi aseve aRniSnulia, 

rom aman SesaZloa, korufciuli darRvevebis gamoZiebis kuTxiT prokuraturis 

damoukidebloba Seamciros, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac saqme ma- 

Rali Tanamdebobis pirebs exeba. 22 


qula: 50 

ramdenad damoukidebeli arian samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi praqtikaSi? 

amJamad saqarTveloSi samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi yvelaze Zlier saxelmwifo 

dawesebulebebad miiCnevian da TiTqmis ar arsebobs imis niSnebi, rom sxva 

uwyebebi maTze arajerovan gavlenas axdenen. piriqiT, prokuraturis mimarT, 

magaliTad, xSirad gamoiTqmis braldeba, rom is sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

saqmianobaSi ereva. 23 amave dros, rodesac saqme qveynis politikuri xelmZRvanelobis 

interesebs exeba, samarTaldamcavebi yovelTvis damoukideblad 

da kanonis Sesabamisad ar moqmedeben. 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier mowodebuli erT-erTi dokumentis mixedviT, 

saministroSi personalis marTvis Tanamedrove sistema moqmedebs, romelic 

uzrunvelyofs, rom TanamSromlebis samsaxurSi ayvana mxolod profesiuli 

kriteriumebis safuZvelze moxdes. es sistema Tanamdebobaze daniSvnis, 

dawinaurebis, Sefasebisa da Tanamdebobidan daTxovnis detalur procedurebs 

moicavs. policiaSi arsebuli yvela TanamdebobisTvis Sedgenilia samuSaos 

aRwera. TanamSromlebs samsaxurSi Ria konkursis safuZvelze iReben 

da isini muSaobis dawyebamde specialuri momzadebis programas gadian. 24 

msgavsi sistema moqmedebs prokuraturaSic. 25 

amis miuxedavad, rogorc Cans, zog SemTxvevaSi, samarTaldamcav uwyebebs 

qveynis politikuri xelmZRvanelobis interesebis gasatareblad iyeneben. 

magaliTad, „bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsis“ kvlevaSi aRniSnulia, 

rom mmarTveli elita korufciuli danaSaulebis gamoZiebebs politikur 

iaraRad iyenebs. 26 arsebobs informacia, rom samarTaldamcvelebi (gansakuTrebiT 

policia) mmarTvel partias 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis periodSi 

opoziciis aqtivistebze zewolis ganxorcielebaSi exmarebodnen. 27 

2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis win aseve vrceldeboda 

sando informacia, rom policia opoziciuri kandidatebis daSinebaSi 

iyo CarTuli. 28 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebas xeli miuwvdebodes 

informaciaze samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb? 


saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis is debulebebi, romlebic samarTaldamcavi 

organoebis gamWvirvalobas exeba, arasakmarisia. 

kanoni „policiis Sesaxeb“ policiis saqmianobis gamWvirvalobis Taobaze 

mxolod gakvriT exeba. kanoni moiTxovs, rom policiam misi saqmianobis Sesaxeb 

informacia miawodos saxelmwifo organoebs, sazogadoebriv gaerTianebebs, 

masobrivi informaciis saSualebebsa da moqalaqeeebs. 29 amis miuxedavad, kanoni 

informaciis gamJRavnebis Sesaxeb konkretul da detalur debulebebs 

ar Seicavs da am sakiTxs, arsebiTad, gadasawyvetad samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

Tanamdebobis pirebs utovebs. kanonebi, romlebic Sinagan saqmeTa saministros/policiis 

da prokuraturis saqmianobas aregulirebs, am uwyebebisgan 

maTi muSaobis konkretuli aspeqtebis Sesaxeb informaciis sazogadoebisTvis 

gamJRavnebas pirdapir ar moiTxovs. amave dros, zogadi administraciuli 

kodeqsis mixedviT, 30 yvela saxis sajaro informacia moTxovnisTanave moqalaqeebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes, Tu kanoni sxva rames ar iTvaliswinebs. 

kanonmdebloba moiTxovs, rom samarTaldamcavma uwyebebma uzrunvelyon 

garkveuli tipis informaciis saidumloeba. kerZod, kanoni „operatiul-samZebro 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb“ 31 acxadebs, rom am tipis saqmianoba „mkacrad 

gasaidumloebuli“ unda darCes da mis Sesaxeb informaciis gamJRavnebisTvis 

sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas awesebs. 32 amasTan erTad, sisxlis 

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi prokuraturis muSakebs pirdapir avaldebulebs, 

rom mimdinare gamoZiebis Sesaxeb informaciis gamJRavneba ar dauSvan. 33 

kanoni „policiis Sesaxeb“ policielebs ukrZalavs winaswari gamoZiebis masalebisa 

da sxva profesiuli saidumloebis Semcveli informaciis gamJRavnebas. 

34 zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis zemoxsenebuli debulebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

SegviZlia, vivaraudoT, rom samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis saqmianobis 

sxva aspeqtebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis gamJRavneba dasaSvebia, 

Tumca gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli mkafio sakanonmdeblo debulebebis 

ararseboba am debulebis sxvadasxvagvari interpretaciis saSualebas iZleva. 

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis35 adre moqmedi redaqciis mixedviT, 

dazaralebulebs ufleba hqondaT, maTi saqmis masalebis aslebsa da nivTier 

mtkicebulebebs maSinve gascnobodnen, rogorc ki saqme sasamarTloSi gadaigzavneboda 

(muxli 69), Tumca kodeqsis axali redaqciidan, romelic ZalaSi 

2010 wlis 1 oqtombers Sevida, es debuleba amoRebul iqna. 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da prokuraturis 

Tanamdebobis pirebi, „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis 

Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, valdebulni arian, qonebrivi deklaraciebi 

regularulad waradginon Sesabamis uwyebaSi. 36 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis saqmianoba da gadawyvetilebaTa 

miRebis procesi praqtikaSi? 

111 


muxli 5. 


kodeqsi, miRebulia 1999 wlis 25 ivniss. 

31 saqarTvelos kanoni „operatiul–samZebro 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1999 wlis 

30 aprils. 



kodeqsi, muxli 104. 


muxli 5. 


kodeqsi, miRebulia 1998 wlis 20 

Tebervals. 



Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 2, 14. 


37 sajaro samsaxuris biuros qonebrivi 

mdgomareobis deklarirebis erTiani 

eleqtronuli sistema, www.declaration.ge 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 25 noembers). 

38 Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, www.police.ge; 

mTavari prokuratura, http://www.justice.gov.ge/ 

index.php?lang_id=&sec_id=106 (nanaxia 2010 

wlis 25 noembers). 

112 

miuxedavad imisa, rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da prokuraturas veb– 

gverdebi aqvT da maTi Tanamdebobis pirebis qonebrivi deklaraciebi sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomia, es uwyebebi sajaro informaciis moTxovnis 

gancxadebebze saTanadod ar reagireben. 

is garemoeba, rom samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis saqmianobis gamWvirvalobasTan 

dakavSirebuli kanonis debulebebi sakmaod bundovania, am uwyebebis moqmedebazec 

aisaxeba. radgan kanoni samarTaldamcavebs sxvadasxva tipis informaciis 

sakuTari iniciativiT gamoqveynebas ar avaldebulebs, dainteresebuli pirebisa 

da organizaciebisTvis aseTi informaciis mopovebis ZiriTadi saSualeba 

sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadis wardgenaa. amis miuxedavad, erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis praqtikulma testebma aCvena, rom 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi am gancxadebebze saTanado reagirebiT ar gamoirCevian. 

praqtikuli testebis farglebSi, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ 

samarTaldamcav uwyebebs rva ganacxadi gaugzavna. am ganacxadebidan 

oTxi mTavar prokuraturas gaegzavna, danarCeni oTxi ki – Sinagan saqmeTa 

saministros. TiToeulma am uwyebam ori standartuli da ori rTuli SekiTxva 

miiRo. prokuraturam moTxovnili informacia oTxidan mxolod erT 

SemTxvevaSi gasca, danarCeni sami ki upasuxod datova. Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom 

moTxovnili informacia oTxidan or SemTxvevaSi gasca. danarCeni 

ori ganacxadidan erTze moTxovnili informaciis gacemaze saministrom sityvieri 

uari ganacxada, meore ki upasuxod datova. im ganacxadebidan, romlebzec 

informacia ar gaica, erTi maRali Tanamdebobis pirebisTvis gadaxdil 

premiebTan iyo dakavSirebuli, meore ki wina wels Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

konstituciuri usafrTxoebis departamentis mier Catarebul 

gamoZiebebs exeboda. 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, informacia samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis Tanamdebobis 

pirebis qonebrivi mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, kanonmdeblobis moTxovnis 

Sesabamisad, sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomia da maTi qonebrivi deklaraciebi 

sajaro samsaxuris biuros specialur veb-gverdze qveyndeba. 37 amave 

dros, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da prokuraturas aqvT veb-gverdebi, 

romlebzec am uwyebebisa da maTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb garkveuli sasargeblo 

informacia qveyndeba. 38 

angarSvaldebuleba (kanoni) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

angariSvaldebulni iyvnen maT qmedebebze? 

kanonmdebloba mraval debulebas Seicavs samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis angariSvaldebulebis 

Sesaxeb. 

rogorc Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, ise prokuratura saparlamento, saprezidento 

da sasamarTlo kontrols eqvemdebarebian. orive uwyebis iseTi 


qmedebebi, romliTac saqarTvelos konstituciiT gansazRvruli adamianis 

uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi izRudeba, daiSveba mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT. 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis finansur saqmianobaze zedamxedvelobas 

kontrolis palata axorcielebs. 39 

kanoni „policiis Sesaxeb“ mTel rig meqanizmebs iTvaliswinebs policielebisa 

da Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Tanamdebobis pirTa angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelsayofad. operatiul da samZebro saqmianobaze zedamxedvelobas 

iusticiis ministri da prokuratura axorcieleben. 40 moqalaqeebs ufleba 

aqvT, policielis qmedeba zemdgom Tanamdebobis pirTan, prokurorTan an 

sasamarTloSi gaasaCivron. policiaSi Sesuli gancxadeba da saCivari ganxilul 

unda iqnes araugvianes erTi Tvis vadaSi. danaSaulis an administraciuli 

samarTaldarRvevis Sesaxeb policiaSi Sesuli saCivari dauyovnebliv 

unda iqnes ganxiluli. policielebs sxvadasxvagvari disciplinaruli saxdelebi 

SeiZleba SeefardoT, dawyebuli SeniSvniTa da sayveduriT da damTavrebuli 

Tanamdebobidan CamoqveiTebiTa da samsaxuridan daTxovniT. policielebi, 

romlebic Caidenen danaSauls an administraciul samarTaldarRvevas, 

xelSeuxeblobiT ar sargebloben da pasuxs ageben saerTo wesiT. 41 Sinagan 

saqmeTa saministroSi arsebobs specialuri struqtura, generaluri inspeqcia, 

romelsac evaleba, gamoiZios saministros Tanamdebobis pirTa da TanamSromelTa 

mier Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebi da Seamowmos saministros 

finansuri sakiTxebi. 42 

policielTa msgavsad, „prokuraturis Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, xelSeuxeblobiT 

arc prokuraturis muSakebi sargebloben da danaSaulis an administraciuli 

samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi pasuxs saerTo wesiT 

ageben. erTaderTi gansxvaveba is aris, rom prokuraturis muSakebis winaaRmdeg 

sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis dawyebis ufleba mxolod mTavar prokurors 

aqvs. prokuraturis muSakebs aramarTlzomieri qmedebisTvis SeiZleba 

SeefardoT sxvadasxva disciplinaruli saxdelebi. 43 prokuraturis saqmianobaze 

zedamxedvelobas iusticiis saministros generaluri inspeqcia awarmoebs, 

romelsac prokuraturis muSakebis mier Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebisa 

da korufciasTan dakavSirebuli samarTaldarRvevebis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi 

winaswari gamoZiebis warmoeba evaleba. 44 

pirebs, romlebic miiCneven, rom policiis an prokuraturis mier ganxorcielebul 

operatiul-samZebro moqmedebebs maTi uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis 

ukanono SezRudva mohyva, SeuZliaT aseTi moqmedebebis kanoniereba 

Sesabamis zemdgom saxelmwifo organoSi, prokurorTan an sasamarTloSi 

gaasaCivron („operatiul-samZebro saqmianobis Sesaxeb“ kanonis me-6 muxli). 

prokurorebi, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis mixedviT, valdebulni 

arian, dainteresebul mxareebs (magaliTad, dazaralebulebs) Seatyobinon 

maTi gadawyvetileba sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb, Tumca 

kanoni maTgan am gadawyvetilebis mizezebis dasaxelebas pirdapir ar moiTxovs. 

45 

kanonmdeblobaSi, romelic samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis finansur angariSvaldebulebas 

exeba, garkveuli xarvezebi arsebobs. magaliTad, sxva saxelmwifo 

2011 

113 


Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 49-52; kanoni „policiis 



muxli 40. 

41 iqve, muxli 30-34. 

42 saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

debuleba, damtkicebulia saqarTvelos 

prezidentis mier 2004 wlis 27 dekembers, 

muxli 21. 




44 http://www.justice.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id= 

GEO&sec_id=69 


kodeqsi, muxli 106. 

46 saqarTvelos kanoni `saxelmwifo Sida 


miRebulia 2010 wlis 26 marts, muxli 32. 

47 „saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb“ 

saqarTvelos kanonis damatebebi, miRebulia 

2011 wlis 25 Tebervals, muxli 1. 

48 Lilli di Puppo, Police Reform in Georgia: Cracks 

in an Anti-Corruption Success Story, (Chr. 

Michelsen Institute, 2010), 4. 

49 European Court of Human Rights, “Georgian 

Authorities Did Not Investigate Effectively the 

Kidnapping and Killing of 28-Year-Old Man”, 

Press Release, 26 April 2011, 

http://portal.coe.ge/downloads/Chamber_ 

judgment_Enukidze_and_Girgvliani_v_Georgia_ 

26_04_111.pdf (nanaxia 2011 wlis 10 maiss). 

50 US Department of State, 2009 Human Rights 

Report: Georgia, 11 March 2010, 

http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/ 

eur/136032.htm (nanaxia 2010 wlis 26 

noembers). 

51 Human Right Watch, Georgia: Events of 2009, 

http://www.hrw.org/en/node/87536 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 2 noembers). 

52 Civil.ge, „euTom meore winasaarCevno 

Sualeduri angariSi gamoaqveyna,“ 2010 

wlis 24 maisi, http://www.civil.ge/geo/ 

article.php?id=22752&search= (nanaxia 2010 


114 

organoebisgan gansxvavebiT, samarTaldamcav uwyebebs 2013 wlamde Sida auditis 

subieqtebis Seqmna ar evalebaT. 46 amave dros, yvela im uwyebas, romelic 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sistemas ekuTvnis, SeuZlia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi 

sxva saxelmwifo organoebTan SedarebiT ufro gamartivebuli procedurebiT 

ganaxorcielos. 47 


qula: 25 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia praqtikaSi samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

angariSvaldebuleba maT qmedebebze? 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis TanamSromlebis angariSvaldebuleba praqtikaSi 

saTanadod uzrunvelyofili ar aris, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac saqme 

maRali Tanamdebobis pirebs an politikur interesebs exeba. angariSvaldebulebas 

kidev ufro asustebs is garemoeba, rom qveyanaSi ar arsebobs Zlieri 

da damoukidebeli sasamarTlo. rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, bolo wlebSi 

ganxorcielda mTeli rigi RonisZiebebi (maT Soris, dapatimrebebi da disciplinaruli 

sanqciebi), romelTa mizans samarTaldamcavTa angariSvaldebulebis 

amaRleba warmoadgenda. amis Sedegad, samarTaldamcavTa mier adamianis 

uflebebis darRvevebis SemTxvevaTa sixSire Semcirda. 

arsebobs mosazreba, rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministro metad Zlier organod 

rCeba, romelzec gare kontroli ar xorcieldeba, da rom arc saministro 

da arc policiis calkeuli TanamSromlebi sakuTari qmedebebis gamo sakmarisad 

angariSvaldebulni ar arian. saTanado zedamxedvelobis ararsebobis 

pirobebSi, kvlavac xdeba Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebis SemTxvevebi. 48 

es mosazreba gaamyara adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos 2010 wlis 

gadawyvetilebam, romelic 2006 wels TbilisSi momxdar bankis TanamSromlis 

mkvlelobas Seexeboda. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom mtkicebulebebi, romlebic 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros maRalCinosnebis winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli, 

saTanadod ganxiluli ar yofila, xolo dabali rangis policielebi, romlebsac 

sabolood am danaSaulis gamo brali waredginaT, saTanadod ar daisajnen. 

evropis sasamarTlom xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom xelisuflebis sxvadasxva 

Stoebi – Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, prokuratura, sasamarTlo da prezidenti 

– erToblivad moqmedebdnen, raTa samarTlis aRsruleba ar daeSvaT. 49 

kidev erT problematur sakiTxs warmoadgens policiis angariSvaldebulebis 

nakleboba opozicioneri politikosebisa da opoziciis aqtivistebis winaaRmdeg 

ganxorcielebul qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT. 50 magaliTad, rogorc organizaciis 

Human Rights Watch daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, xelisuflebas saTanadod 

ar gamouZiebia policiis qmedebebi 2009 wlis 15 ivniss TbilisSi 

opoziciis saprotesto aqciis daSlisas. 51 amasTanave, araviTari RonisZiebebi 

ar ganxorcielebula policiis im TanamSromlebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic 

2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis wina periodSi daba 

mestiaSi opoziciis kandidatebze ganxorcielebuli zewolis faqtebSi monawileobdnen. 

52 saxalxo damcvelis gancxadebiT, saTanado reagireba ar mohyo- 


lia im darRvevebs, romlebic policielebma TbilisSi 2011 wlis 26 maiss 

antisamTavrobo demonstraciis daSlisas Caidines. 53 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis angariSvaldebulebas is garemoebac amcirebs, 

rom sasamarTlo xelisufleba kvlav prokuraturis Zlieri zegavlenis 

pirobebSi funqcionirebs. 54 

rac Sexeba dadebiT mxares, samarTaldamcvelTa angariSvaldebuleba Cadenili 

darRvevebisTvis, rogorc Cans, uzrunvelyofilia maSin, rodesac sasworze 

politikuri interesebi ar devs. Sinagan saqmeTa saministros informaciiT, 

generaluri inspeqcia Sida gamoZiebebs atarebs, agreTve ganixilavs 

moqalaqeTa saCivrebs da im informacias, romelsac saxalxo damcvelisa da 

sainformacio saSualebebisgan iRebs. 55 generalur inspeqciaSi moqmedebs 24saaTiani 

cxeli xazi, romlis meSveobiTac moqalaqeebs SeuZliaT, rom am 

organos saCivrebiT mimarTon. generaluri inspeqciis veb-gverdze ganTavsebuli 

informaciis Tanaxmad, 2009 wels sxvadasxva danaSaulisaTvis saministros 

29 TanamSromeli iqna dapatimrebuli (2008 wels – 25, 2007 wels 

– 37, 2006 wels – 43 da 2005 wels – 44). 56 amasTanave, 2009 wels iusticiis 

saministros generalurma inspeqciam disciplinaruli samarTalwarmoeba 

daiwyo 55 prokuroris winaaRmdeg da 42 maTgans disciplinaruli saxdeli 

Seefarda. 57 policielTa mier samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis borotad 

gamoyenebis savaraudo faqtebis gamoZiebas prokuraturac awarmoebs. magaliTad, 

2008 wels Sinagan saqmeTa saministros TanamSromelTa mier ganxorcielebul 

wamebis an damamcirebel mopyrobasTan dakavSirebul braldebebze 

39 gamoZieba Catarda da 5 TanamSromels patimroba Seefarda. 58 

am RonisZiebaTa Sedegad, policiis ganyofilebebSi dakavebul pirTa mimarT 

arasaTanado mopyrobis faqtebis ricxvi Semcirda da winaswari dakavebis 

izolatorebSi kanonis darRvevebi praqtikulad aRmoifxvra. 59 amis miuxedavad, 

saxalxo damcvelis angariSis mixedviT, policielTa mier samsaxureobrivi 

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis, gadametebuli Zalis gamoyenebisa 

da adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis faqtebi kvlav xdeba, gansakuTrebiT 

dasavleT saqarTveloSi. 60 saxalxo damcvelis angariSSi aseve aRniSnulia, 

rom maSinac ki, rodesac prokurorebs Sesabamisi informacia droulad miewodebaT, 

aseT qmedebebs prokuratura saTanadod ar iZiebs. 61 gamoZieba Wianurdeba 

da sabolood wydeba, an prokurorebis mier policielebisTvis wardgenili 

braldebebi maT mier Cadenil braldebebze naklebad mZimea (magaliTad, 

policielebs brali waredginebaT samsaxureobrivi uflebamosilebis 

borotad gamoyenebaSi da ara wamebaSi). 62 

2011 


qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis keTilsindisiereba 

kanoniT? 

saqarTvelos Zlieri kanonmdebloba aqvs samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis ke- 

Tilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebis mxriv. kanonebi „policiis 

115 

53 saxalxo damcvelis aparati, „saxalxo 

damcveli Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

gancxadebas exmaureba“, 2011 wlis 15 

ivlisi, http://ombudsman.ge/index.php? 

page=1001&lang=0&id=1397 (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 30 agvistos). 

54 am problemasTan dakavSirebT ufro 

dawvrilebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT am 

angariSis Tavi sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

Sesaxeb. 





56 generaluri inspeqciis veb-gverdi, http:// 

geninspeqcia.security.gov.ge/index.php?option= 

com_content&task=view&id=27&Itemid=42 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 26 oqtombers). 

57 US Department of State, 2009 Human Rights 

Report: Georgia, 11 March 2010, 

http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/ 

eur/136032.htm (nanaxia 2010 wlis 26 

noembers). 

58 iqve. 

59 iqve. 

60 saxalxo damcveli, „saqarTvelos saxalxo 

damcvelis angariSi saqarTveloSi 


mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,“ 2009 wlis meore 

naxevari, gv. 202-203. 

61 iqve, gv. 210-211. 

62 iqve, gv. 49. 



muxli 8. 



muxli 22. 

66 policiis eTikis kodeqsi, damtkicebulia 

Sinagan saqmeTa ministris mier 2007 wlis 

26 ianvars. 

67 saqarTvelos mTavari prokuratura, 

saqarTvelos prokuraturis eTikis 

kodeqsi, http://www.justice.gov.ge/ 

index.php?sec_id=261&lang_id=GEO (nanaxia 

2010 wlis 26 noembers). 



Sesaxeb,“ muxli 5, 9, 10, 13, 20. 

116 

Sesaxeb“ da „prokuraturis Sesaxeb“ ramdenime zogad wess adgens, ufro 

detaluri debulebebi ki mocemulia kanonSi „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa 

SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb.“ 

„policiis Sesaxeb“ kanoni acxadebs, rom policia valdebulia, „moqalaqesTan 

urTierTobisas mkacrad daicvas samsaxurebrivi eTikis normebi.“ 63 policielebs 

ekrZalebaT nebismieri anazRaurebadi samuSaos Sesruleba sxva saxelmwifo 

uwyebaSi an komerciul sawarmoSi. 64 policielis samsaxuridan daTxovnis 

safuZvlebs Soris, romlebic kanonSia CamoTvlili, „korufciuli samarTaldarRvevis 

Cadenac“ aris moxseniebuli. 65 garda am kanonisa, policiis eTikis 

kodeqsi moicavs mTel rig iseT mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs, rogoricaa moqalaqe- 

Ta uflebebis, Tavisuflebebis, Rirsebisa da piradi cxovrebis pativiscema; 

dakavebul pirebTan mopyroba; movaleobebis miukerZoeblad da diskriminaciis 

gareSe Sesruleba; policielTa politikuri saqmianobis akrZalva; da 

mediasTan urTierToba. 66 

saqarTvelos prokuraturis eTikis kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom prokuraturis 

muSakebma damoukideblad, miukerZoeblad da samarTlianad imoqmedon. kodeqsi 

maT ukrZalavs Tanamdebobis piradi sargeblobisTvis an nebismier pirze 

ukanono zewolisTvis gamoyenebas, agreTve nebismieri iseTi qmedebis ganxorcielebas, 

ramac SeiZleba maTi damoukidebloba eWvqveS daayenos. kodeqsi 

acxadebs, rom prokuraturis muSakebma unda daicvan „sajaro samsaxurSi 

interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“ kanonis moTxovnebi da 

Tavi Seikavon ukanono saCuqrebis miRebisagan. 67 


adgens, rom im saCuqrebis maqsimaluri Rirebuleba, romlebic sajaro moxeleebma 

(maT Soris, prokuraturis muSakebma, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

TanamSromlebma da policielebma) SeiZleba wlis ganmavlobaSi miiRon, maTi 

wliuri xelfasis 15 procents ar unda aRematebodes. msgavsi SezRudva moqmedebs 

sajaro moxeleTa ojaxis wevrebzec. sajaro moxeleebs (maT Soris, 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis TanamSromlebs) ufleba ar aqvT, moiTxovon 

anazRaureba an saCuqari im momsaxurebisTvis, romlis gaweva maT kanoniT 

dadgenili gasamrjelos safasurad evalebaT an dadon qonebrivi garigeba 

im saxazino dawesebulebasTan, romelSic maT Tanamdeboba ukaviaT. sajaro 

moxeles da misi ojaxis wevrebs ufleba ar aqvT, ekavoT raime Tanamdeboba, 

muSaobdnen an flobdnen aqciebs sawarmoSi, romlis saqmianobis kontrolic 

sajaro moxelis uflebamosilebas ganekuTvneba. amave kanonis mixedviT, sajaro 

moxeleebi (maT Soris, samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis TanamSromlebi) eqvemdebarebian 

dajarimebas, Tu isini qonebriv deklaracias kanoniT dadgenil 

vadaSi ar waradgenen. Tu moxele dajarimebidan 2 kviris vadaSi qonebriv 

deklaracias kvlav ar waradgens, mas sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba 

daekisreba. 68 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 


olo wlebSi xelisuflebam samarTaldamcavebis keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis 

kuTxiT mniSvnelovan warmatebebs miaRwia, Tumca am warmatebebs 

garkveulwilad Crdils ayenebs is garemoeba, rom samarTaldamcavebs kvlavac 

iyenebenpolitikuri xelmZRvanelobis partiuli miznebis misaRwevad. 

praqtikaSi samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi maTi TanamSromlebis keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelyofas cdiloben. Sinagan saqmeTa saministros generaluri 

inspeqcia aRWurvilia mandatiT, rom reagireba moaxdinos eTikisa da disciplinaruli 

normebis darRvevis, samsaxureobrivi movaleobis arasaTanado 

Sesrulebisa da konkretuli ukanono qmedebebis Cadenis faqtebze. 69 msgavs 

RonisZiebebs prokuraturac axorcielebs. 70 bolo TveebSi dafiqsirda sul 

cota ori SemTxveva, rodesac policielebi eTikis kodeqsis darRvevisaTvis 

daajarimes. 71 

am RonisZiebebma bolo wlebSi Sedegad mdgomareobis TvalsaCino gaumjobeseba 

moitana da gamoiTqva mosazreba, rom gatarebuli reformebi samar- 

TaldamcavebSi dabali donis korufciis Semcirebis kuTxiT „Zalze efeqturi“ 

iyo. 72 maSin, rodesac 2003 wels Catarebuli erT-erTi gamokiTxvis 

mixedviT, respondentTa 70 procenti Tvlida, rom yvela an TiTqmis yvela 

policieli korumpirebuli iyo, 73 2009 wels Catarebulma gamokiTxvam aCvena, 

rom respondentTa 82 procenti policiis muSaobas dadebiTad afasebda. 74 

2010 wlis „globaluri korufciis barometris“ mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 

policia erT-erTi iyo im sami sajaro institutidan, romelsac sazogadoeba 

yvelaze naklebad korumpirebulad miiCnevda. 75 

Tumca, amave dros, 2009 wels Catarebuli gamokiTxvis mixedviT, prokuraturaze 

dadebiTi mosazreba respondentTa mxolod 46 procents hqonda. 76 amas- 

Tan erTad, samarTaldamcavTa Soris keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis 

mcdelobebis efeqtianobas is garemoeba amcirebs, rom, rogorc angariSvaldebulebis 

qveTavSic iyo aRniSnuli, maT drodadro qveynis politikuri xelmZ- 

Rvanelobis partiuli interesebis gasatareblad iyeneben. 77 

2011 

roli: samarTlebrivi devna korufciis winaaRmdeg 

(kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 75 

ramdenad afiqsireben da iZieben samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi korufciis 

faqtebs? 

2004 wlidan saqarTveloSi samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi korufciis winaaRmdeg 

mebrZol wamyvan Zalas warmoadgenen da maT saxelmwifo xelisuflebis qveda 

doneze meqrTameobis aRmofxvra warmatebiT moaxerxes. amis miuxedavad, arsebobs 

safuZvliani eWvebi imis Taobaze, Tu ramdenad SeuZliaT maT xelisuflebis 

zeda rgolebSi korufciasTan brZola. 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, samarTaldamcav uwyebebs sxvadasxva 

tipis danaSaulis, maT Soris korufciis savaraudo faqtebis, gamosaZieblad 

117 



of Internal Affairs of Georgia”. 

70 daviT sayvareliZis interviu avtorTan. 

71 Sinagan saqmeTa saministros gancxadeba, 

2011 wlis 5 ianvari, http://police.ge/ 

index.php?m=8&newsid=1945 (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 24 marts); Jurnali „liberali,“ 

„Zmebi lutiZeebi sasamarTlom sasjelisgan 

gaaTavisufla,“ 2011 wlis 17 Tebervali, 

http://www.liberali.ge/dzmebi-lutidzeebisasamartlom-sasjelisgan-gaatavisupla 

(nanaxia 

2011 wlis 24 marts). 


in an Anti-Corruption Success Story, 2. 

73 iqve, 1 

74 International Republican Institute, Baltic Surveys 

Ltd/The Gallup Organization, The Institute of 

Polling and Marketing, Georgian National 

Study: September 29 – October 5 2009, 47. 


Barometer2010 Report, http:// 

www.transparency.org/policy_research/ 

surveys_indices/gcb/2010/results (nanaxia 


76 International Republican Institute, Baltic Surveys 

Ltd/The Gallup Organization, The Institute of 

Polling and Marketing, Georgian National 

Study: September 29 – October 5 2009, 47. 


in an Anti-Corruption Success Story, 3. 


78 saqarTvelos kanoni „operatiul-samZebro 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 7; saqarTvelos 

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, 

muxlebi 111, 136. 



kodeqsi, muxli 119-120, 151, 159-160, 171. 



82 saqarTvelos kanoni “operatiul–samZebro 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 17. 



2010), 46. 

84 es kategoria, romelsac prokuratura mis 

statistikur angariSebSi iyenebs, moicavs 

korufciasTan dakavSirebul sxvadasxva 

samarTaldarRvevebs, maT Soris 

meqrTameobasa da zegavleniT vaWrobas. 

85 The Chief Prosecutor’s Office of Georgia, 

Report on Crime Situation in 2009, (The Chief 

Prosecutor’s Office: Tbilisi, 2010), 48. 

86 Financial.ge, “Former Deputy Minister of 

Education Aleksandre Chikvaidze Arrested”, 12 

October 2010, www.financial.ge (nanaxia 

2010 wlis 26 noembers); Medianews, 

“Prosecutor’s Office Has Arrested Former 

Deputy Minister of Healthcare Nikoloz 

Pruidze”, 16 September 2010 (nanaxia 2010 


87 am sakiTxze ufro detaluri 

informaciisTvis, ixileT Tavebi 

aRmasrulebel Stosa da sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebaze. 

118 

saTanado uflebamosilebebi gaaCniaT. samarTaldamcavebi iyeneben gamoZiebis 

iseT meTodebs, rogoricaa Cxreka da mtkicebulebebis amoReba, da atareben 

iseT saidumlo sagamomZieblo RonisZiebebs, rogoric aris audio da video 

kontroli. 78 zogi tipis moqmedebis Casatareblad, rogoricaa saidumlo 

video da audio kontroli, samarTaldamcavebs mosamarTlis brZaneba 

sWirdebaT, magram rodesac am moqmedebaTa Catarebas gamoZiebis saWiroeba 

moiTxovs, maT SeuZliaT, isini mosamarTlis brZanebis gareSe ganaxorcielon 

da nebarTva mogvianebiT miiRon. 79 igive wesebi vrceldeba mosamarTlis iseT 

brZanebaze, romelic Cxrekasa da mtkicebulebebis amoRebas exeba. prokurors 

ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos im piris (maT Soris, sajaro moxelis) qonebis dayada- 

Reba, romelic korufciaSia eWvmitanili, aseve danaSaulSi braldebuli 

Tanamdebobis piris Tanamdebobidan Camocileba (Tu arsebobs SesaZlebloba, 

rom Tanamdebobis piri gamoZiebas xels SeuSlis an danaSaulebriv saqmianobas 

gaagrZelebs). prokurors SeuZlia, mosamarTlisgan dapatimrebis sanqciis 

gacema moiTxovos, xolo, rig SemTxvevebSi, samarTaldamcavebs ufleba aqvT 

eWvmitanili mosamarTlis brZanebis gareSe daakavon. 80 prokurors ufleba 

aqvs, moiTxovos organizaciis an dawesebulebis finansuri saqmianobis reviziis 

Catareba da moTxovnis wardgenidan 10 dRis vadaSi miiRos misgan Sesabamisi 

informacia. 81 kanoni iTvaliswinebs sxvadasxva meqanizmebs, romelTa 

meSveobiT im pirTa dacva xdeba, romlebic samarTaldamcavebs danaSaulis 

gamoZiebaSi exmarebian. 82 

praqtikaSi, samarTladamcavi uwyebebi 2003 wlidan korufciis winaaRmdeg 

mTavrobis mier warmoebul brZolaSi wamyvan rols asruleben da maT am 

amxriv mniSvnelovan warmatebebs miaRwies, rac imaSic vlindeba, rom saxelmwifo 

mmarTvelobis qveda doneebze meqrTameoba praqtikulad aRmoifxvra. 

„globaluri korufciis barometris“ 2010 wlis gamokiTxvis Sedegebis mixedviT, 

saqarTveloSi respondentTa mxolod 3 procenti ambobda, rom bolo 

12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi qrTami gadaixada. 83 mTavari prokuraturis mier momzadebuli 

erT-erTi angariSis mixedviT, 2009 wels samoxeleo danaSaulis 565 

faqti dafiqsirda 84 da maT Soris iyo meqrTameobis 136 da zegavleniT vaW- 

robis 4 SemTxveva. 85 

amis miuxedavad, gamoiTqmis SeSfoTeba, rom saqarTveloSi samarTaldamcav 

uwyebebs xelisuflebis maRal eSelonebSi arsebul korufciis SesaZlo Sem- 

Txvevebze sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis ganxorcieleba ar SeuZliaT. samar- 

Taldamcavma uwyebebma 2010 wels am mxriv garkveul winsvlas miaRwies, radgan, 

magaliTad, jandacvisa da ganaTlebis yofili ministris moadgileebi 

(imave saministroebis ramdenime sxva moxelesTan erTad) dapatimrebul iqnen 

da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sferoSi Cadenili darRvevebis gamo brali waredginaT. 

86 amis miuxedavad, politikur sistemaSi pluralizmis nakleboba, xelisuflebis 

yvela Stoze kontrolis koncentrireba politikosTa SedarebiT 

mcire wris xelSi 87 da damoukideblobis SedarebiT dabali xarisxi samar- 

Taldamcvelebs xelisuflebis maRal rgolebSi arsebuli korufciis SesaZlo 

faqtebze reagirebas urTulebs. 


2011 

reziume 

saarCevno administracia saqarTvelos mmarTvelobis sistemis mniSnvelovani 

aqtoria arCevnebisa da saarCevno kampaniis zedamxedvelobis sferoSi 

misi rolidan gamomdinare. winamdebare kvlevis Tanaxmad, administraciis 

funqcionireba garkveulwilad aradamakmayofilebelia, risi 

ZiriTadi mizezic saarCevno darRvevebis gamoZiebis politikuri nebis 

ararsebobaa. es naklovaneba, rogorc Cans, dakavSirebulia im garemoebas- 

Tan, rom administracia arasakmarisad damoukidebelia mmarTveli partiisa 

da mTavrobisgan, agreTve sasamarTlo sistemis umoqmedobasTan kanondarRvevebisTvis 

saarCevno administraciis warmomadgenelTa dasjis mxriv. 

dadebiTi kuTxiT, saarCevno administracia gamWvirvaled funqcionirebs 

da sakmaris resursebs flobs. amasTan erTad, damkvirveblebma saarCevno 

administraciis muSaoba 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis 

dros ufro dadebiTad Seafases, vidre 2008 wlis saparlamento 

arCevnebis periodSi. 


Sefasebulia saarCevno administraciis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da 

misi roli saqarTvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi 








6. 

saarCevno administracia 


roli saarCevno kampaniebis regulireba 25 

38/100 arCevnebis administrireba 50 

119



28. 


3 iqve, muxlebi 31 (1), 36. 

4 levan TarxniSvili, cesko–s yofili 

Tavmjdomare. interviu avtorTan, 2009 

wlis 2 nomberi. 

120 


saqarTvelos saarCevno administracias samsafexuriani sistema aqvs da 

centraluri saarCevno komisiis (cesko), saolqo saarCevno komisiebisa da 

saubno saarCevno komisiebisgan Sedgeba. administraciis formirebis wesi, 

uflebebi da movaleobebi detalurad aRwerilia saarCevno kodeqsSi. 

cesko-s xuT wevrs prezidentis wardginebiT parlamenti niSnavs. prezidentma 

kandidatebi Ria konkursis wesiT unda SearCios, romelsac specialuri 

komisia atarebs. 1 cesko Semdeg msgavsi SerCevis wesiT niSnavs TiToeuli 

saolqo saarCevno komisiis 5 wevrs, xolo saolqo saarCevno komisiebi 

Sesabamisi olqis TiToeuli saubno komisiis 6 wevrs niSnaven. 2 amas- 

Tan erTad, qveynis wamyvan politikur partiebs ufleba aqvT, daniSnon 

cesko-s da, aseve, saolqo da saubno komisiebis TiTo wevri. 3 

Sefaseba 


qula: 50 

ramdenad aqvs saarCevno administracias misi funqciebis praqtikaSi 

gansaxorcieleblad saWiro resursebi? 

saqarTvelos saarCevno administraciisTvis gankuTvnili dafinansebis odenoba 

bolo wlebSi mkveTrad gaizarda da ganxorcielda Zalisxmeva saar- 

Cevno administraciis moxeleTa kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad. amis miuxedavad, 

ukanasknel periodSi gamarTulma arCevnebma aCvena, rom saarCevno 

administraciis wevrebi Semdgom momzadebas saWiroeben. 

rogorc cesko-s yofili Tavmjdomare acxadebs, saxelmwifo biujetSi saarCevno 

administraciisTvis gamoyofili Tanxebis odenoba, zogadad, adekvaturia 

da es Tanxebi yovelTvis droulad gamoiyofa. bolo wlebSi dafinanseba 

mudmivad izrdeboda. yofilma Tavmjdomarem SeSfoTeba mxolod 

imis gamo gamoTqva, rom saolqo saarCevno komisiebis Tavmjdomareebs 

maRali xelfasebi ar aqvT (gansakuTrebiT Tbilissa da sxva SedarebiT 

did qalaqebSi), rac am Tanamdebobaze yvelaze ufro kvalificiuri da 

gamocdili kadrebis mozidvas arTulebs. Tamjdomarem xazgasmiT aRniSna, 

rom 2009 wels cesko-s yvela departamentis TanamSromlebs TiTo treningi 

mainc CautardaT. 4 

erT-erTma damoukidebelma eqspertma, romelic saqarTvelos saarCevno 

administraciis muSaobas Tvals mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi adevnebs, cesko-s 

yofili Tavmjdomaris mier mowodebuli informaciis udidesi nawili 

daadastura. man aRniSna, rom saarCevno administraciisTvis gamoyofili 

dafinanseba arCevnebis saTanadod Casatareblad sakmarisia da rom administracia 

saTanado aRWurvilobas flobs, Tumca ki administraciis personals 

mis gamosayeneblad saTanado kvalifikacia yovelTvis ar gaaCnia. 

amis miuxedavad, imave eqspertis TqmiT, bolo wlebSi administracia misi 


wevrebisa da TanamSromlebis kvalifikaciis amaRlebas (sxvadasxva saswavlo 

programebis saxiT) ufro met yuradRebas uTmobs, vidre es adre xdeboda. 

5 

miuxedavad imisa, rom centraluri saarCevno komisiis Zalisxmeva, romelic 

komisiis wevrebisa da TanamSromlebis kvalifikaciis amaRlebisken 

aris mimarTuli, dadebiTi niSania, arCevnebis saerTaSoriso sadamkvirveblo 

misiis daskvnaSi, romelic 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebs uwevda 

monitorings, aRniSnulia, rom saarCevno administraciis mravali wevri 

da TanamSromeli mniSvnelovan saarCevno procedurebSi ver erkveoda. 

saerTaSoriso damkvirveblebi aRniSnavdnen, rom saubno saarCevno komisiebs 

kenWisyris Sedegebis Semajamebeli oqmebis daTvla uWirdaT, 6 xolo 

saolqo komisiebi Sedegebis Sejamebas ver axerxebdnen. 7 euTo-s „demokratiuli 

institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisi“ aRniSnavda, 

rom daskvnaSi moxseniebuli problemebis mosagvareblad am sferoebSi 

damatebiTi treningebis Catareba iyo saWiro. 8 organizaciam 2010 wlis 

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebTan dakavSirebiTac msgavsi SeniSvnebi 

gamoTqva da aRniSna, rom, cesko-s mier Catarebuli treningebis 

miuxedavad, arCevnebis dRem aCvena, rom saarCevno administraciis wevrebma 

xmis daTvlisa da oqmebis Sedgenis procedurebi sakmarisad kargad 

mainc ar icodnen. aRniSnul problemas SesaZloa is garemoebac amZimebda, 

rom saubno komisiis araerTi wevri, treningebis Catarebis Semdeg, axali 

kadrebiT Secvales. 9 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelia saarCevno administracia kanoniT? 

saqarTveloSi mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sakanonmdeblo debulebebi moqmedebs, 

romelTa mizani saarCevno administraciis damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa, 

Tumca am kanonmdeblobis zogierTi nawili potenciurad 

problemuria. 

saarCevno kodeqsi mTel rig iseT debulebebs Seicavs, romelTa mizans 

saarCevno komisiebis damoukideblobis ganmtkiceba warmoadgens. kodeqsi 

acxadebs, rom saarCevno administracia „Tavisi uflebamosilebis farglebSi 

damoukidebelia sxva saxelmwifo organoebisagan.“ 10 saarCevno administraciis 

wevrebsa da TanamSromlebs miniWebuli aqvT „saarCevno administraciis 

moxelis“ statusi da ekrZalebaT, iyvnen partiis wevrebi, Tumca 

es akrZalva partiebis mier daniSnul komisiis wevrebze ar vrceldeba. 

kanoni xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom saarCevno komisiebis wevrebi ar warmoadgenen 

im organoebs/organizaciebs, romlebmac isini daniSnes, aramed damoukidebelni 

arian maT saqmianobaSi da mxolod konstituciasa da kodeqss 

unda daemorCilon. akrZalulia da kanoniT isjeba komisiis wevrebze 

nebismieri zewola da maT saqmianobaSi Careva maT gadawyvetilebebze zegavlenis 

mizniT. 11 

121 

5 TbilisSi momuSave saarCevno sistemebis 

eqspertis interviu avtorTan, 2009 wlis 

10 noemberi. 




OSCE/ODIHR, 2008), 24. 

7 iqve, 7. 

8 iqve, 7. 

9 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections30 

May 2010, OSCE/ODIHR Election 

Observation Mission Report, (Warsaw: OSCE/ 

ODIHR, 2010), 7-8. 



17. 


6. saarCevno administracia

12 iqve, muxli 22, 27. 


Law (Venice Commission) and the OSCE Office 

for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights 

(OSCE/ODIHR), Joint Opinion on the Election 

Code of Georgia as amended through March 

2010 (Strasbourg/Warsaw: 9 June 2010), 9. 

14 TbilisSi momuSave saarCevno sistemis 


10 noemberi. 

122 

imisTvis, raTa garantirebuli iyos cesko-s Tavmjdomaris damoukidebloba 

xelisuflebisa da mmarTveli partiisagan, kodeqsi adgens, rom prezidentis 

mier am postze wardgenili kandidatura cesko-s opoziciuri 

politikuri partiebis mier daniSnulma wevrebmac unda daamtkicon. amas- 

Tan erTad, saubno saarCevno komisiis mdivnad mxolod aseTi komisiis 

opoziciuri partiis mier daniSnuli wevri SeiZleba iqnes arCeuli. 12 

saarCevno administraciis moxeleebis Tanamdebobidan TviTneburi gaTavisuflebisagan 

dasacavad, kodeqsis 21-e muxli adgens komisiis Tavmjdomarisa 

an wevris Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis procedurebsa da kanonier 

safuZvlebs (es safuZvlebi, zogadad, kanonis sxvadasxva debulebebis 

darRvevebiT Semoifargleba). cesko-s Tavmjdomaris Tanamdebobidan 

vadaze adre gaTavisufleba parlamentis dadgenilebiT SeiZleba moxdes. 

saarCevno administraciis im wevrebs, romlebic politikuri partiebis 

mier arian daniSnuli, uflebamosileba vadaze adre maSin uwydebaT, Tu 

maT sakuTari partiebi gaiwveven an Tu maT mimarT ZalaSi Seva sasamarTlos 

gamamtyunebeli gadawyvetileba. 

amave dros, kodeqsi garkveul naklovanebebs Seicavs. rogorc evropis 

sabWos veneciis komisiisa da euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da 

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ erTobliv daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, saar- 

Cevno administraciis damoukideblobas, SesaZloa, safrTxe Seuqmnas iman, 

rom parlaments ufleba aqvs, cesko-s wevrebi sakuTari neba–surviliT 

gaaTavisuflos, xolo politikur partiebs maT mier daniSnuli komisiis 

wevrebis gawveva SeuZliaT. 13 

amasTanave, saarCevno sistemis erT-erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom saarCevno 

kodeqsis amJamad moqmedi debulebebi saarCevno administraciis damoukideblobas 

sakmarisad ver uzrunvelyofs, radgan saarCevno administraciis 

moxeleebi, samsaxuris dakargvis SiSiT, zogadad, samTavrobo organoebisa 

da maTi damniSnavi politikuri partiebis ganawyenebas eridebian. 14 


qula: 25 

ramdenad damoukidebelia saarCevno administracia praqtikaSi? 

saqarTvelos saarCevno administraciis damoukidebloba eWvqveS dadga 

ukanaskneli saparlamento arCevnebis dros, Tumca damkvirvebelTa daskvnebi 

naklebad kritikuli iyo adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis bolo ar- 

Cevnebis Semdeg. 

saarCevno administraciis damoukidebloba da miukerZoebloba saqarTveloSi 

erT-erT mTavar sazrunavad rCeba. saarCevno administraciis saqmianobaSi 

xelisuflebis sajaro da pirdapiri Carevis SemTxvevebi ar dafiqsirebula 

(yovel SemTxvevaSi, centralur doneze), magram bolo wlebSi 


Catarebul arCevnebSi (2008 wlis saprezidento da saparlamento arCevnebi 

da 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi) mmarTveli 

„nacionaluri moZraoba“ yvela donis saarCevno komisiebSi de-faqto 

umravlesobiT iyo warmodgenili. amis gamo, euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa 

da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ saarCevno damkvirvebel- 

Ta misia 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebTan dakavSirebul dasvnaSi a- 

RniSnavs, rom cesko-s wevrebi sadavo sakiTxebze gadawyvetilebebis ganxilvisas 

„damoukideblad moqmedebas ver axerxebdnen“ da „kenWisyraze 

dayenebuli gadawyvetilebebi politikuri niSniT miiReboda,“ 15 xolo 

saarCevno administracia zogadad arCevnebTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebisa 

da gancxadebebis ganxilvisas „aSkara mikerZoebas“ avlenda mmarTveli partiisa 

da sajaro moxeleebis sasargeblod. 16 misia xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom 

saolqo saarCevno komisiebSi opoziciis mier daniSnul wevrebs zogjer 

komisiebis muSaobaSi monawileobis saSualeba ar eZleodaT da sul mcire 

25 SemTxvevaSi „adgili hqonda maT daSinebasa da zewolas, raTa Tanamdeboba 

daetovebinaT.“ 17 

erT-erTma wamyvanma adgilobrivma sadamkvirveblo organizaciam, „samarTliani 

arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam,“ aseve aRniSna, 

rom saarCevno administraciis yvela doneze igrZnoboda miukerZoeblobisa 

da miumxroblobis nakleboba, xolo komisiebs maTi wevrebi xSirad 

politikuri gancxadebebis tribunad iyenebdnen. 18 

mdgomareoba, rogorc Cans, nawilobriv gamosworda 2010 wlis adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis dros, radgan sadamkvirveblo organizaciebs 

2008 wlis msgavsad saarCevno administraciis damoukidebloba 

eWqveS ar dauyenebiaT. euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis 

uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ saarCevno damkvirvebelTa misiam aRniSna, rom 

saarCevno administracia process „inkluziurad“ marTavda, xolo cesko-s 

Tavmjdomare komisiis wevrebTan (maT Soris opoziciis warmomadgenleb- 

Tan) „konsensusis“ miRwevas cdilobda. Tumca, misia aseve aRniSnavs, rom 

problemad darCa saarCevno administraciisadmi sazogadoebis ndobis 

dabali done, rac wina arCevnebs axasiaTebda. 19 2010 wels Catarebuli 

„kavkasiis barometris“ gamokiTxvis Sedegebis mixedviT, respondentTa 39 

procenti „srulad“ an „nawilobriv“ eTanxmeba mosazrebas, rom saarCevno 

administracia politikurad mikerZoebulia (xolo 24 procenti „srulad“ 

an nawilobriv“ ar eTanxmeba). 20 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebam Sesabamisi 

informaciis miReba SeZlos saarCevno administraciis saqmianobisa da 

gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesis Sesaxeb? 

saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi saarCevno administraciis saqmianobis 

gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebul araerT debulebas Seicavs, Tumca am 

debulebaTagan zogierTi dakonkretebas saWiroebs. 

123 

15 OSCEOSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Parliamentary 

Elections 21 May 2008, OSCE/ODIHR 

Election Observation Mission Final Report, 1-2. 

16 iqve, 19. 

17 iqve, 1-2, 8, 12, 19. 

18 International Society for Fair Elections and 

Democracy, Report on Monitoring the 21 May 

2008 Parliamentary Elections, 35. 

19 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal 


Election Observation Mission Report, 1. 

20 The Caucasus Research Resource Centers, 

Caucasus Barometer 2010, 

http://www.crrc.ge/oda/?dataset=4&row=107 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 30 ivniss). 


21 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi, muxli 65. 




25 iqve, muxli 68–72. 


Law (Venice Commission) and the OSCE Office 

for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights 

(OSCE/ODIHR), Joint Opinion on the Election 

Code of Georgia as amended through March 

2010, 11. 

27 iqve, 12. 

124 

saarCevno kodeqsSi gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs calke Tavi 

eTmoba, romelSic xazgasmiT aris aRniSnuli, rom „saqarTveloSi arCevnebis 

momzadebisa da Catarebis procesi sajaroa.“ 21 saarCevno komisiebi 

valdebulni arian, saarCevno dokumentacia da arCevnebis Sesaxeb informacia 

yvela dainteresebul pirs moTxovnis miRebidan 2 dRis vadaSi gaacnon. 

saarCevno komisiebis sxdomebi Riaa da mediis, saarCevno subieqtebisa 

da adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlebs 

maTze daswrebis ufleba aqvT. maT aseve ufleba aqvT, arCevnebis dRes 

saarCevno ubnebze im SenobaSi imyofeboden, sadac kenWisyra mimdinareobs. 22 

cesko-s sazogadoebasTan urTierTobisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobis 

departamenti valdebulia, cesko-s gadawyvetilebebis aslebi mediasa da 

dainteresebul organizaciebs/pirebs gadasces. kodeqsi aseve moiTxovs, 

rom cesko-m gamoaqveynos informacia, romelic politikuri partiebis 

mier miRebul Semowirulobebs exeba. 23 saarCevno komisiebs evalebaT, saar- 

Cevno siebi da kenWisyris Sedegebis Semajamebeli oqmebi sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdom adgilas gamoakran. 24 

kodeqsSi detalurad aris aRwerili arCevnebis dakvirvebelTa da saar- 

Cevno subieqtebis warmomadgenelTa uflebebi da movaleobebi, aseve maTi 

registraciis wesebi. saarCevno komisiebs maTTvis registraciaze uaris 

Tqma ekrZalebaT, Tu isini yvela saWiro dokuments waradgenen. damkvirveblebsa 

da warmomadgenlebs ufleba aqvT, saarCevno procesis yvela 

etaps daakvirdnen, maT Soris amomrCevelTa registracias, xmis micemasa da 

xmebis daTvlas. msgavsi debulebebi moqmedebs sainformacio saSualebebis 

warmomadgenlebisTvisac. 25 

veneciis komisiam da euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis 

uflebaTa dacvis ofisma“ xazgasmiT aRniSnes, rom gamWvirvalobasTan 

dakavSirebuli saarCevno kodeqsis ramdenime debuleba ufro mkafiod 

unda Camoyalibdes. kerZod, maT daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom 69-e muxlis 

debuleba, romelic adgilobriv damkvirveblebs avaldebulebs, rom saarCevno 

komisias winaswar acnobon, Tu romel olqSi/ubanze ganaxorcieleben 

dakvirvebas, „SesaZloa damkvirvebelTa SezRudvis mizniT iqnes 

gamoyenebuli da arCevnebze efeqtian dakvirvebas xeli SeuSalos.“ 26 am 

organizaciebma aseve moiTxoves ufro mkafio debulebebis Camoyalibeba, 

romlebic daadasturebs damkvirveblebis uflebas, daakvirdnen xmebis 

daTvlas saubno saarCevno komisiebSi da xmebis Sejamebas saolqo saar- 

Cevno komisiebSi. 27 


qula: 75 

ramdenad sajaroa saarCevno administraciis angariSebi da gadawyvetilebebi 

praqtikaSi? 

saqarTveloSi bolo wlebSi Catarebuli arCevnebi ZiriTadad gamWvirvale 

iyo, Tumca procesis zogierTi aspeqti gaumjobesebas saWiroebs. 


damkvirveblebma 2008 wlis saparlamento da 2010 wlis adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis periodSi saarCevno administraciis muSaoba 

ZiriTadad dadebiTad Seafases gamWvirvalobis TvalsazrisiT. euTo-s 

„demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ damkvirvebelTa 

misiam aRniSna, rom cesko gamWvirvaled muSaobda da misi 

sxdomebi rogorc damkvirveblebis, ise partiebisa da mediis warmomadgenlebisaTvis 

Ria iyo. 28 misiis daskvnis mixedviT, kandidatebis registraciis 

procesi „saerTo jamSi, inkluziurad da gamWvirvaled mimdinareobda.“ 29 

amomrCevelTa siebi saubno saarCevno komisiebSi sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomi 

iyo da moqalaqebs SeeZloT, siaSi sakuTari Tavi internetiT, 

cesko-s cxeli xazis meSveobiT an mokle teqsturi SetyobinebiT gadaemowmebinaT. 

30 arCevnebis damkvirveblebi da saarCevno subieqtebis warmomadgenlebi 

xmis daTvlis process saarCevno ubnebis umetesobaSi eswrebodnen. 

31 cesko-s veb-gverdis ganaxleba regularulad xdeboda da, damkvirvebelTa 

azriT, „sakmaod informatiuli“ iyo. 32 cesko kenWisyris Sedegebsa 

da oqmebs Tavis veb-gverdze operatiulad aqveynebda. 33 am veb-gverdze 

amJamad arCevnebTan dakavSirebuli sxvadasxva saxis informaciaa ganTavsebuli, 

maT Soris, politikuri partiebisa da saarCevno blokebis saar- 

Cevno fondebTan dakavSirebuli angariSebi. 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis 

arCevnebis dros, cesko-m saCivrebisa da gancxadebebis 

onlain monacemTa baza Seqmna, romlis meSveobiT aRniSnuli dokumentebi 

farTo sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxda. 34 

amave dros, gamoikveTa mTeli rigi problemebic. euTo-s „demokratiuli 

institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ saarCevno damkvirvebelTa 

misiis informaciiT, zog saolqo saarCevno komisiaSi xmebis Sejamebis 

procesi gamWvirvale ar iyo da dafiqsirda SemTxvevebi, rodesac adgilobriv 

damkvirveblebs saarCevno ubnebi daatovebines. saubno saarCevno 

komisiebi xSirad kenWisyris Sedegebis Semajamebel oqmebs saarCevno ubnebze 

ar akravdnen. 35 cesko-s sxdomebis dRis wesrigebi saboloo saxes 

mxolod sxdomebis dawyebamde mcire xniT adre iRebda da gadawyvetilebebis 

proeqtebi yvela damkvirveblisTvis xelmisawvdomi ar iyo. 36 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom saarCevno administracia 

angariSvaldebuli iyos mis qmedebebze? 

kanonmdebloba saTanado debulebebs Seicavs saarCevno administraciis 

politikuri da finansuri angariSvaldebulebis Sesaxeb. amis miuxedavad, 

saarCevno komisiebis gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis procedurebi problemuria. 

saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi acxadebs, rom cesko angariSvaldebulia 

parlamentis winaSe da valdebulia, yoveli arCevnebis dasrulebidan 60 

dRis vadaSi sakanonmdeblo organos angariSi warudginos. angariSi unda 

125 



Observation Mission Final Report, 1, 2.; 

OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 


Observation Mission Report, 6. 



Observation Mission Final Report, 2. 

30 iqve, 9. 

31 iqve, 24; OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal 


Election Observation Mission Report, 3. 



Observation Mission Final Report, 7; OSCE/ 

ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 May 

2010, OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation 

Mission Report, 7. 



Observation Mission Final Report, 3; OSCE/ 

ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 



34 monacemTa bazis sanaxavad ixileT es 

gverdi: http://sachivrebi.cec.gov.ge/ 



Observation Mission Final Report, 3, 19; 

OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 



36 iqve, 6. 


37 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi, muxli 17. 




Law, Joint Opinion on the Election Code of 

Georgia, as revised up to July 2008, 26-27. 

41 iqve, 26-29. 




43 iqve, 3. 

44 iqve, 19. 

126 

Seicavdes informacias arCevnebis mimdinareobisas dafiqsirebuli kanonmdeblobis 

darRvevebis, kanondamrRvev sajaro mosamsaxureTa, cesko-sa 

da saolqo saarCevno komisiebis mier prokuraturisTvis gadacemul saqme- 

Ta, am komisiebis mier sasamarTloSi Setanil sarCelTa da sasamarTlos 

Sesabamis gadawyvetilebaTa Sesaxeb. 37 cesko aseve valdebulia, arCevnebTan 

dakavSirebuli xarjebis safinanso angariSi warudginos finansTa saministros, 

xolo kontrolis palata (saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli 

dawesebuleba) valdebulia, Seamowmos arCevnebisTvis gamoyofili fuladi 

saxsrebis xarjvis marTlzomiereba. 38 

kodeqsi aseve adgens saarCevno komisebis gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis 

wesebsa da vadebs. saarCevno komisiis gadawyvetileba jer Sesabamis saolqo 

komisiaSi unda gasaCivrdes, Semdeg ki sasamarTloSi. 39 amis miuxedavad, 

veneciis komisiam marTebulad aRniSna, rom gasaCivrebis wesebi zedmetad 

garTulebulia, xolo gasaCivrebis vadebi – Zalze mcire. 40 veneciis komisiam 

aseve xazi gausva im garemoebas, rom moqalaqeTa ufleba, gaasaCivron 

saarCevno komisiebis gadawyvetilebebi mxolod im saqmeebze vrceldeba, 

romlebic amomrCevelTa siebs exeba. 41 


qula: 25 

ramdenad angariSvaldebulia saarCevno administracia mis qmedebebze 

praqtikaSi? 

miuxedavad imisa, rom saarCevno administracia kanonis Sesabamisad angari- 

Sebs warudgens parlaments, praqtikaSi saTanadod uzrunvelyofili ar 

aris misi calkeuli wevrebis angarSvaldebuleba Cadenili darRvevebis 

gamo. 

saqarTveloSi Catarebul bolodroindel arCevnebSi problemas warmoadgenda 

saarCevno darRvevebis gamosworeba da darRvevaTa gamo saar- 

Cevno administraciis moxeleebis dasja. zeda donis komisiebi qveda donis 

komisiebis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofas ver axerxebdnen. amave 

dros, arc sasamarTlo aRmoCnda saarCevno administraciis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofis qmediTi meqanizmi, radgan, rogorc „demokratiuli 

institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ damkvirvebelTa 

misiis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis 

dros „saarCevno administraciisa da sasamarTloebis mxridan saCivrebsa 

da gancxadebebze seriozulad da miukerZoeblad reagirebis neba zogadad“ 

42 ar arsebobda da saubno da saolqo saarCevno komisiebi saCivrebs 

„xSiri da mniSvnelovani darRvevebiT ganixilavdnen.“ 43 kerZod, misia aRniSnavs, 

rom sasamarTloebi „uars acxadebdnen, moesminaT mowmeTa Cvenebebi 

da enaxaT dokumenturi mtkicebulebebi, ar reagirebdnen yvela Sesabamis 

faqtze, kanons arasworad ganmartavdnen, ugulebelyofdnen kanonis 

suliskveTebas an ar mohyavdaT sruli da mkafio faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi 

argumentebi.“ 44 


amasTan erTad, misia aRniSnavs, rom „xSirad vrceldeboda sando informacia, 

rom saarCevno komisiebis wevrebi saCivrebis wardgenaSi xels uSlidnen 

adgilobriv damkvirveblebsa da politikuri subieqtebis warmomadgenlebs 

saubno.“ 45 misiis daskvnis mixedviT, adgilobrivi damkvirveblebisa 

da politikuri subieqtebis warmomadgenlebis mier saarCevno 

komisiebis gadawyvetilebebTan da saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli TiTqmis 

arc erTi saCivari, romelic arCevnebamde iqna wardgenili, ar ganxilula. 

cesko-s aseve ar ganuxilavs arCevnebis Semdeg wardgenili saCivrebis didi 

umravlesoba. amave dros, is xSirad mokvlevas arasaTanadod atarebda 

da Sesabamisi faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi argumentebi ar mohyavda. 46 

„samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba“ aRniSnavs, 

rom Tumca saolqo saarCevno komisiebma rig SemTxvevebSi saubno 

komisiebis wevrebs jarimis gadaxda daakisres, gaurkvevelia, moxda Tu 

ara am sanqciebis aRsruleba praqtikaSi. 47 

es problema 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis period- 

Sic arsebobda, radganac, rogorc euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da 

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisma“ aRniSna, saolqo saarCevno komisiebi 

saubno komisiebis wevrebisTvis sanqciebis dawesebisgan maSinac ki ikavebdnen 

Tavs, rodesac darRvevebi damtkicebuli iyo, xolo saCivrebi – dakmayofilebuli. 

48 cesko „cdilobda saCivrebi droulad ganexila,“ magram yvela 

miRebuli saCivris arCevnebis dRemde ganxilva ver SesZlo. 49 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, cesko-m, kanonis Sesabamisad, 2008 wlis saparlamento 

arCevnebis Semdeg angariSi warudgina parlaments da es dokumenti 

komisiis veb-gverdze gamoqveynda. angariSSi vrclad aris ganxiluli 

saarCevno administraciis saqmianoba saarCevno periodSi. msgavsi angariSi 

2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Semdegac gamoqveynda. 

amave dros, ar gamoqveynebula arCevnebis Semdgomi angariSebi da kontrolis 

palatis Semowmebis Sedegebi (kanoni am dokumentebis gamoqveynebas 

pirdapir ar moiTxovs). 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic saarCevno administraciis 


saqarTveloSi saarCevno administraciis moxeleebisTvis oficialuri 

qcevis kodeqsi ar arsebobs, Tumca „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanoni 

mTel rig meqanizmebs Seicavs, romlebic saarCevno administraciis mraval 

wevrs exeba. 

saarCevno kodeqsis me-18 muxli acxadebs, rom cesko-s wevrebi da misi 

TanamSromlebis umetesoba, aseve saolqo saarCevno komisiebis wevrebi, 

127 

45 iqve, 26, 27. 

46 iqve, 28. 

47 International Society for Fair Elections and 

Democracy Report on Monitoring the 21 May 

2008 Parliamentary Elections, 30. 

48 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 



49 iqve, 19. 




oqtombers. 

51 iqve, muxli 73 (2). 

52 iqve, muxli 73 (4). 

53 iqve, muxli 73 (5). 

128 

„sajaro mosamsaxureebi“ arian da, Sesabamisad, evalebaT, daicvan „sajaro 

samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanonis debulebebi. 50 aRniSnuli kanoni adgens „qcevis 

zogad wesebs“ da moiTxovs, rom sajaro mosamsaxureebma sakuTari samsaxureobrivi 

movaleobebi „miukerZoeblad da keTilsindisierad“ Seasrulon, 

borotad ar isargeblon samsaxureobrivi saxsrebiT da gadawyvetilebis 

miRebisas „gamWvirvalobisa da kanonierebis principiT“ ixelmZRvanelon. 51 

kanoni adgens zogad wesebs interesTa SeuTavseblobis Sesaxeb da acxadebs, 

rom sajaro mosamsaxureebs ar aqvT iseTi sargeblis miRebis an SeTavazebis 

ufleba, romelic dakavSirebulia maT mier dakavebul TanamdebobasTan. 

sajaro mosamsaxureebi valdebulni arian, ganacxadon interesTa SeuTavseblobis 

Sesaxeb, rogorc ki aseTi faqti maTTvis cnobili gaxdeba da 

yovelwliurad ganacxadon maTi ojaxis wevrebis an axlo naTesavebis 

Sesaxeb, romlebic muSaoben imave dawesebulebaSi, sadac Tavad arian dasaqmebuli. 

52 kanoni aseve adgens qcevis zogad wesebs, romlebic korufciuli 

samarTaldarRvevebis Tavidan acilebas exeba da sajaro mosamsaxurebs 

ukrZalavs nebismieri saCuqris an momsaxurebis miRebas, romelmac 

SeiZleba gavlena moaxdinos maTi samsaxureobrivi movaleobis Sesrulebaze. 

Tu sajaro mosamsaxures saCuqris an momsaxurebis miRebas SesTavazeben, 

is valdebulia, aseTi SeTavazebis Sesaxeb ganacxados. Tu aseT 

saCuqarze uaris Tqma an misi dabruneba SeuZlebelia, sajaro mosamsaxurem 

misi miRebis Sesaxeb 3 dRis vadaSi unda acnobos mis uSualo xelmZRvanels. 

53 

miuxedavad imisa, rom „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanoni keTilsindisierebis 

Sesaxeb mniSvnelovan debulebebs Seicavs, saqarTvelosTvis sasargeblo 

iqneboda saarCevno administraciis moxeleTaTvis gankuTvnili specialuri 

qcevis kodeqsis arseboba. es gansakuTrebiT imitom aris mniSvnelovani, 

rom „sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanoni saubno saarCevno komisiis 

wevrebze ar vrceldeba (radganac isini sajaro mosamsaxureebi ar arian). 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia saarCevno administraciis keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

saarCevno administraciis wevrTa da TanamSromelTa keTilsindisiereba 

cesko-s doneze saTanadod aris uzrunvelyofili, Tumca administraciis 

qveda safexurebze arsebuli mdgomareobis Sefaseba Znelia, Sesabamisi 

informaciis naklebobis gamo. 

rogorc cesko-s yofili Tavmjdomare acxadebs, imis miuxedavad, rom administraciis 

TanamSromelTa eTikis kodeqsi ar arsebobs, cesko-s departamentebisa 

da sammarTveloebis xelmZRvanelebi maTdami daqvemdebarebul 

TanamSromelTa muSaobas yovel sam TveSi erTxel Sefasebis standartuli 

formis mixedviT afaseben da Semdeg TanamSromelTa dawinaureba/dajildoeba 

an dasja am Sefasebis Sedegebis safuZvelze xdeba. 


yofilma Tavmjdomarem aRniSna, rom cesko aseve atarebs misi TanamSromlebis 

mier Cadenili kanondarRvevebis mokvlevas. rodesac arsebobs eWvi, 

rom adgili hqonda kanonis darRvevas, iwereba oficialuri angariSi da 

cesko-s iuridiuli departamenti gamoZiebas iwyebs (garda im SemTxvevebisa, 

rodesac saqme iuridiuli departamentis mier Cadenil darRvevas 

exeba). yofili Tavmjdomaris TqmiT, darRvevebi xSirad ar xdeba, radgan 

man mxolod ramdenime aseTi SemTxvevis gaxseneba SesZlo. 54 

zemoxsenebuli gancxadebebi erT-erTma damoukidebelma eqspertmac daadastura, 

romelmac brZana, rom cesko aseT mokvlevebs namdvilad atarebs 

da xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom komisiis iuridiuli departamenti TanamSromlebis 

mier Cadenil darRvevebs sakmaod efeqturad afiqsirebs da yofila 

SemTxvevebi, rodesac TanamSromlebma oficialuri gafrTxileba miiRes 

da samsaxuridanac iqnen gaTavisuflebulni. saerTo jamSi, eqsperti miiCnevs, 

rom cesko bolo wlebSi mis TanamSromlebs Soris keTilsindisierebis 

standartebis danergvas sakmaod warmatebulad axerxebs. 55 

Sesabamisi informaciis naklebobis gamo, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelosTvis“ saolqo da saubno saarCevno komisiebis wevrTa keTilsindisierebis 

Sefaseba rTuli aRmoCnda. gansakuTrebul SeSfoTebas 

saubno saarCevno komisiebi iwvevs, radgan, rogorc zemoTac aRiniSna, 

arsebuli keTilsindisierebis wesebi maT wevrebze ar vrceldeba. 

2011 

saarCevno kampaniebis regulireba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad efeqtianad aregulirebs saarCevno administracia kandidatebisa 

da politikuri partiebis dafinansebas? 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, saarCevno administracia saarCevno 

kampaniis regulirebis sxvadasxva meqanizmebiT aris aRWurvili, Tumca es 

meqanizmebi praqtikaSi efeqtiani ar aRmoCnda. 

saarCevno kodeqsis mixedviT (muxlebi 46-48), saarCevno administracia 

valdebulia, areguliros saarCevno subieqtTa saarCevno Semowirulobebi 

da saarCevno subieqtebma Sesabamis saarCevno komisias yovelTviurad 

unda acnobon miRebuli Semowirulobebis Sesaxeb. arCevnebis Semdeg, maT 

aseve unda waradginon saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSi da auditoruli 

daskvna. Tu saarCevno administracia saarCevno kampaniis fondis 

angariSSi darRvevebs aRmoaCens da miiCnevs, rom am darRvevebs SeiZleba 

gavlena moexdina arCevnebis Sedegebze, is uflebamosilia, mimarTos sasamarTlos 

da moiTxovos, rom arCevnebis Sedegebi am saarCevno subieqtis 

mier miRebuli xmebis gauTvaliswineblad iqnes Sejamebuli. 56 

kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom cesko-m finansuri monitringis jgufi Seqmnas, 

romelic saarCevno kampaniis periodSi saarCevno subieqtebis mier wardgenili 

informaciis monitorings moaxdens da mis daskvnebs saarCevno 

129 

54 levan TarxniSvilis interviu avtorTan, 

2009 wlis 2 noemberi. 

55 TbilisSi momuSave saarCevno sistemis 


10 noemberi. 

56 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi, muxlebi 

46-48. 




59 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi, muxlebi 

73, 73 (1). 



Georgia, as revised up to July 2008 19. 

130 

administracias warudgens. 57 Tumca, imis miuxedavad, rom saarCevno subieqtebi 

saWiro dokumentebs cesko-s Cveulebriv kanoniT dadgenil vadebSi 

warudgenen, kontrolis es meqanizmi praqtikaSi efeqtiani ar aRmoCnda, 

radgan monitoringis jgufs mkafio mandati ar gaaCnia da mis xelT arsebuli 

berketebi SezRudulia. magaliTad, jgufs saarCevno subieqtebis 

mier wardgenili safinanso angariSebis sizustis gadamowmeba faqtobrivad 

ar ZaluZs da iZulebulia, Tavad saarCevno subieqtebis mier wardgenil 

auditorul daskvnebs daeyrdnos. 58 

kodeqsi cesko-s aseve aniWebs garkveul uflebamosilebebs, romlebic masobrivi 

informaciis saSualebebis mier politikuri partiebisa da kandidatebis 

saqmianobis Tanabrad gaSuqebis uzrunvelyofas exeba. im eleqtronulma 

da beWdviTma sainformacio saSualebebma, sadac saarCevno kampaniis 

ganmavlobaSi politikuri reklamebia ganTavsebuli, Sesabamisi informacia 

(reklamis moculoba, fasi da a.S.) yovelkvireulad unda miawodon 

saarCevno administracias. kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom cesko-m Sesabamisi 

wesebis Sesrulebis uzrunvelsayofad media-monitoringi ganaxorcielos. 

59 veneciis komisiis daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom kodeqsi ar Seicavs 

konkretul debulebebs imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra saxis saswrafo 

RonisZiebebi unda gaataros cesko-m Tu monitoringis Sedegad darRvevebi 

dafiqsirdeba da aRniSnavs, rom 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis 

periodSi cesko-s mier Catarebulma media-monitoringma saarCevno subieqtebis 

saqmianobis gaSuqebis mxriv arsebuli uTanasworoba saTanadod 

ver gamoavlina. 60 

arCevnebis administrireba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

uzrunvelyofs Tu ara saarCevno administracia arCevnebis Tavisuflad 

da samarTlianad Catarebas da saarCevno procesis keTilsindisierad 

warmarTvas? 

ukanaskneli saparlamento da adgilobrivi arCevnebis dros saarCevno 

administraciis muSaoba dadebiTad iqna Sefasebuli winasaarCevno aqtivobebisa 

da xmis micemis procesis warmarTvis TvalsazrisiT. amave dros, 

administraciis muSaobis mimarT mniSvnelovani kritikuli SeniSvnebi iqna 

gamoTqmuli xmebis daTvlisa da Sedgeebis Sejamebis, agreTve arCevnebis- 

Semdgomi saCivrebis ganxilvis kuTxiT. 

cesko da misdami daqvemdebarebuli komisiebi pasuxs ageben saarCevno procesis 

sxvadasxva etapebis administrirebasa da zedamxedvelobaze, maT Soris, 

amomrCevlebis da saarCevno subieqtebis registraciaze, xmis micemasa 

da xmebis daTvlasa da Sedgebis Sejamebaze. 

2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis wina periodSi cesko-m mTeli rigi 

RonisZiebebi gaatara saarCevno procesis keTilsindisierad warmarTvis 

mizniT. komisiam Caatara amomrCevelTa informirebis kampania arCevnebTan 


dakavSirebul mTel rig mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze, uzrunvelyo, rom amomr- 

Cevlebs amomrCevelTa siebis sizustis gadamowmeba sxvadasxva meqanizmis 

saSualebiT SesZlebodaT, xolo saarCevno masalebi erovnuli umciresobebis 

enebzec moamzada. damkvirveblebma xmis micemis procesi zogadad 

dadebiTad Seafases, Tumca maT aseve daafiqsires garkveuli organizaciuli 

da proceduruli xarvezebi, gansakuTrebiT markirebasa da gadasatan 

yuTebTan dakavSirebiT. 61 umniSvnelo iyo im amomrCevelTa ricxvi, 

vinc xma imis gamo ver misca, rom amomrCevelTa siaSi ar iyo Seyvanili. 62 

amave dros, damkvirveblebma xmebis daTvlisa da Sejamebis procesi naklebad 

dadebiTad Seafases da aRniSnes, rom saarCevno komisiebis wevrTa 

mxridan adgili hqonda „mniSvnelovan procedurul Secdomebsa da umoqmedobas.“ 

63 marTalia, saarCevno subieqtebis warmomadgenlebi da damkvirveblebi 

xmis daTvlas umetes SemTxvevebSi eswrebodnen, magram dafiqsirda 

SemTxvevebi, rodesac adgilobriv damkvirveblebs saarCevno ubnebi 

daatovebines. 64 euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa 

dacvis ofisis“ saarCevno damkvirvebelTa misiam aseve mkacrad gaakritika 

saarCevno kanonis darRvevebze saarCevno administraciis reagireba 

rogorc arCevnebis win, ise arCevnebis Semdgom periodSi da aRniSna, 

rom administracia „sakuTari iniciativiT ar amowmebda saarCevno komisiebis 

gadawyvetilebebisa da moqmedebebis kanonierebas da ar iZiebda saar- 

Cevno kampaniis dros momxdar darRvevebs.“ 65 

2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebzec msgavsi zogadi 

suraTi SenarCunda. euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis 

uflebaTa dacvis ofisma“ arCevnebis wina periodSi da kenWisyris dRes 

saarCevno administraciis muSaoba dadebiTad Seafasa. misia aRniSnavda, 

rom administracia „namdvilad cdilobda, sakuTari iniciativiT gamoesworebina“ 

arsebuli problemebi da arCevnebis process „profesionalurad, 

gamWvirvaled da inkluziurad“ marTavda. 66 cesko ecada gaeumjobesebina 

amomrCevelTa siebi, xolo saarCevno subieqtebis registraciis 

procesi inkluziuri iyo. amave dros, cesko-m mTeli rigi programebi ganaxorciela 

amomrCevelTa informirebis mizniT. 67 misiis damkvirveblebma 

ubnebis 96 procentSi xmis micemis procesi dadebiTad Seafases da aRniSnes, 

rom procesis „marTva kargad xorcieldeboda.“ 68 amis miuxedavad, 

kvlav arsebobda mniSvnelovani problemebi, romlebic xmebis daTvlisa 

da Sejamebis process da komisiebis mier arCevnebisSemdgomi saCivrebisa 

da gancxadebebis ganxilvas ukavSirdeboda. misiam saubno saaarCevno komisiebis 

meoTxedSi xmebis daTvlisas mniSvnelovani proceduruli Secdomebi 

daafiqsira, olo saolqo komisiebis meoTxedSi uaryofiTad Seafasa 

xmebis Sejamebis procesi. 69 zogierT saolqo komisiaSi saCivrebis ganxilvis 

process misiam „qaoturi“ uwoda da aRniSna, rom saolqo komisiebis 

bevri gadawyvetileba saCivris dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb 

iuridiulad dausabuTebeli iyo. 70 

2011 

131 



Observation Mission Final Report, 3, 23. 

62 iqve. 

63 iqve, 24. 

64 iqve, 19. 

65 iqve, 20. 

66 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections 30 



67 iqve, 1, 7. 

68 iqve, 3. 

69 iqve, 21, 22. 

70 iqve, 23, 24. 


7.saxalxo damcveli 

132 

reziume 

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcveli damoukidebelia rogorc kanonis doneze, 

ise praqtikaSi. saxalxo damcveli angariSvaldebulia parlamentis winaSe, 

xolo misi aparati gamWvirvaled funqcionirebs. saxalxo damcvels saTanado 

uflebamosilebebi aqvs, romlebsac zogadad efeqtianad iyenebs praqtikaSi. 

amave dros, saxalxo damcvelis aparati saxelmwifosgan sakmaris 

dafinansebas ar iRebs da amis kompensirebas ucxoeli donorebisgan miRebuli 

daxmarebiT axdens. am garemoebam, SesaZloa, gavlena moaxdinos saxalxo 

damcvelis saqmianobis zogierT aspeqtze. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili qulebiT Sefasebulia saxalxo 

damcvelis aparati misi SesaZleblobebis, Sida marTvisa da im rolis mxriv, 

romelsac is saqarTvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi asrulebs. am Tavis 

danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia TiToeuli maCveneblis Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 







keTilsindisiereba 75 qulis 

miniWeba 

ar moxerxda 

roli gamoZieba 50 

50/100 sanimuSo praqtikis damkvidrebis xelSewyoba 50 



konstituciis mixedviT, saxalxo damcvels saqarTvelos parlamenti irCevs 

misive wevrTa wardginebiT. saxalxo damcveli uflebamosilia, gamoavlinos 

adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis faqtebi da Seatyobinos maT Sesaxeb Sesabamis 

organoebs/Tanamdebobis pirebs. 1 saxalxo damcvelis uflebemosilebebi 

da movaleobebi detalurad aRwerilia kanonSi „saxalxo damcvelis 

Sesaxeb.“ 2 aRniSnuli kanonis mixedviT, saxalxo damcveli zedamxedvelobas 

uwevs saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa, 

sajaro dawesebulebebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa mxridan adamianis 

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvas. 3 saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis 

uzrunvelsayofad Seqmnilia saxalxo damcvelis aparati. 4 

Sefaseba 


qula: 50 

ramdenad aqvs saxalxo damcvels misi movaleobebis praqtikaSi gansaxorcieleblad 


saxalxo damcvelis aparati saxelmwifo dafinansebas yovelgvari dayovnebis 

gareSe iRebs, xolo misi aparatis TanamSromlebis profesionalizmis 

xarisxi bolo wlebSi gaumjobesda. Tumca saxelmwifo dafinansebis odenoba 

arasakmarisia da aparati ucxouri donorebis daxmarebiT sargeblobs, 

raTa Tavisi movaleobebis saTanadod Sesruleba SeZlos. 

saxelmwifo dafinansebis odenoba bolo wlebSi TiTqmis ar Secvlila. 

aparatma saxelmwifo biujetidan 2009 wels 1.9 milioni lari miiRo, 2010 

wels – 2.2 milioni lari, 2011 wels ki – 2.1 milioni lari. 5 imis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

rom 2011 wels saxelmwifo uwyebebis umetesobis biujetebi mniSvnelovnad 

Semcirda, aRniSnul wels saxalxo damcvelis aparatisTvis gamoyofili 

Tanxis odenoba mTavrobis mier am institutis mniSvnelovnebis aRiarebaze 

miuTiTebs. Tumca, rogorc saxalxo damcveli aRniSnavs, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom saxelmwifos biujetSi gaTvaliswinebuli saxsrebi aparats yovelTvis 

droulad ericxeba, maTi saerTo odenoba aparatis yvela saoperacio 

xarjebis dasafarad sakmarisi ar aris. amitom, saxalxo damcvelis 

aparati misi saoperacio xarjebis daaxloebiT 30%-s ucxouri donorebis 

mier gamoyofili TanxebiT faravs. aparatma bolo dros donorebis gamoyofili 

saxsrebi axal ofisSi gadasasvlelad, saofise aRWurvilobisa da 

transportis SesaZenad da TanamSromelTa gadamzadebisTvis gamoiyena. 6 

saxalxo damcvelma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ aseve 

ganucxada, rom aparatis adamianuri resursebis saerTo xarisxiT kmayofilia. 

man aRniSna, rom xelfasebis bolodroindelma matebam SesaZlebeli 

gaxada kvalificiuri profesionalebis mozidva, rasac Sedegad aparatis 

mier momzadebuli angariSebis xarisxis mniSvnelovani gaumjobeseba mohyva. 

2011 133 




„saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 1996 wlis 16 maiss. 



5 monacemebi aRebulia finansTa saministros 

veb–gverdidan: www.mof.gov.ge. 

6 saxalxo damcvel giorgi tuRuSis 


Tebervali. 

7. saxalxo damcveli

7 giorgi tuRuSis interviu avtorTan. 

8 manana kobaxiZe, arasamTavrobo 

organizacia „konstituciis 42–e muxlis“ 

Tavmjdomare. interviu avtorTan, 

Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 3 dekemberi. 

9 kanoni „saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 

4, 25. 

10 iqve, muxli 5, 11. 

11 iqve, muxli 6-8, 10. 

134 

Tumca saxalxo damcvelma isic aRniSna, rom Tu dafinanseba ar gaizrdeba, 

momavalSi aparats SeiZleba amJamindeli TanamSromlebis SenarCuneba gauWirdes. 

7 

erT-erTi damoukidebeli eqspertis mosazrebiT, aparatis TanamSromelTa 

amJamindeli ricxvi yovelTvis sakmarisi ar aris im uamrav gancxadebebze 

reagirebisTvis, romlebsac saxalxo damcveli iRebs. man aseve aRniSna, rom 

saxalxo damcvelis aparatis amocanebisa da valdebulebebis sirTulisa 

da mniSvnelovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, saxelmwifom misTvis gankuTvnili dafinansebis 

odenoba unda gazardos. 8 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelia saxalxo damcveli kanonis mixedviT? 

saxalxo damcvelis damoukidebloba kanonis sakmaod Zlieri debulebebiT 

aris gamyarebuli, Tumca kanoni srulad ar uzrunvelyofs saxalxo damcvelis 

finansur damoukideblobas. 

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis samarTlebrivi statusi gamyarebulia 

konstituciiT, romelic xazs usvams, rom saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis- 

Tvis dabrkoleba kanoniT isjeba. amasTanave, kanoni „saxalxo damcvelis 

Sesaxeb“ krZalavs nebismier zemoqmedebas saxalxo damcvelze da Carevas 

mis saqmianobaSi. saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobisTvis nebismieri formiT 

dabrkolebebis Seqmna saxalxo damcvelis angariSSi unda aisaxos da parlamentis 

gansakuTrebuli msjelobis sagani unda gaxdes. 9 

saxalxo damcveli, kanonis mixedviT, xelSeuxeblobiT sargeblobs da parlamentis 

Tanxmobis gareSe misi dapatimreba an sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi 

micema dauSvebelia. saxelmwifo valdebulia, saxalxo damcvels misi 

movaleobebis Seuferxeblad SesrulebisTvis aucilebeli pirobebi Seuqmnas 

da, misi gancxadebis safuZvelze, uzrunvelyos misi ojaxis usafrTxoeba. 

mniSvnelovania, rom sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis gamocxadeba ar 

wyvets saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobas da ar zRudavs mis uflebamosilebas. 10 

saxalxo damcvels parlamenti xuTi wlis vadiT irCevs da is zedized mxolod 

ori vadiT SeiZleba iqnes arCeuli. saxalxo damcvelis kandidaturis 

wardgenis ufleba aqvT saqarTvelos prezidents, saparlamento fraqcias 

an parlamentis wevrTa sul cota eqvskacian jgufs, romlebic arc erT 

fraqciaSi ar Sedian. saxalxo damcvelis uflebamosilebis Sewyvetis kanoniT 

gaTvaliswinebuli legitimuri safuZvelebis nusxa moklea da konkretuli 

da gonivruli pirobebisgan Sedgeba. misi uflebamosilebis Sewyveta 

mxolod parlamentis gadawyvetilebiT SeiZleba moxdes (xmebis ubralo 

umravlesobiT). saxalxo damcvelis miukerZoeblobis uzrunvelsayofad, 

kanoni mas anazRaurebad an politikur saqmianobas, agreTve sxva saxelmwifo 

Tanamdebobis dakavebas ukrZalavs. 11 


saxalxo damcveli uflebamosilia, misi aparatis struqtura da muSaobis 

wesi Tavad gansazRvros. 12 misi damoukideblobis kidev erTi garanti is aris, 

rom saxalxo damcvelis aparatis saxelfaso asignebebis wina wlis asignebebTan 

SedarebiT Semcireba mxolod misi TanxmobiT aris SesaZlebeli. 13 

amis miuxedavad, saxalxo damcvelma, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelosTan“ interviuSi, kanonis aRniSnul debulebas arasakmarisi 

uwoda da aRniSna, rom is ara marto saxelfaso fonds, aramed aparatis 

mTel biujets unda exebodes. 14 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelia saxalxo damcveli praqtikaSi? 

saxalxo damcvelis aparati metwilad xelisuflebis arajerovani Carevisa 

da zewolis gareSe funqcionirebs. 

erT-erTi eqsperti, romelsac kvlevis avtori gaesaubra, aRniSnavs, rom 

saxalxo damcveli mis saqmianobaSi damoukidebelia da profesionalurad 

da miukerZoeblad moqmedebs. eqspertma ver gaixsena saxalxo damcvelis 

saqmianobaSi politikuri niSniT Carevis verc erTi SemTxveva da aRniSna, 

rom jer-jerobiT „erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis“ dominantur mdgomareobas 

parlamentSi (romelicsaxalxo damcvels niSnavs) mis saqmianobaze 

zegavlena ar mouxdenia. 15 

saqarTvelos arc erTi saxalxo damcveli vadamde ar gauTavisuflebiaT, 

Tumca arc maTi xelaxali daniSvnis SemTxvevas hqonia adgili. arc erTi saxalxo 

damcveli ar Cabmula iseT saqmianobaSi, romelsac mas kanoni ukr- 

Zalavda da romelsac SeiZleboda misi damoukidebloba eWvqveS daeyenebina. 

miuxedavad amisa, moqalaqeebi saxalxo damcvelisTvis saCivriT mimarTvas, 

angariSsworebis SiSis gamo, yovelTvis ver axerxeben. magaliTad, zemoxsenebulma 

eqspertma aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos cixeebSi myofi patimrebi 

xSirad Tavs ikaveben saxalxo damcvelis rwmunebulebTan arasaTanado 

mopyrobis faqtebze saubrisgan, radgan SurisZiebis. Tumca man isic aRniSna, 

rom amaSi brali cixeebis administracias miuZRvis da ara saxalxo damcvels. 16 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs arsebuli kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebam 

Sesabamisi informaciis miReba SeZlos saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobisa 

da da gawyvetilebebis miRebis procesis Sesaxeb? 

kanonis Tanaxmad, saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis Sesaxeb informacia Ria 

da xelmisawvdomia, Tumca ar arsebobs sakanonmdeblo norma, romelic 

135 




15 manana kobaxiZis interviu avtorTan. 


7. saxalxo damcveli

17 kanoni „saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb,“ 

muxlebi 21–22. 



20 kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa 

SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 1997 wlis 17 oqtombers, 

muxlebi 2, 14-19. 


21. 

22 www.ombudsman.ge 

136 

saxalxo damcvelis aparats yovelwliuri angariSebis garda raime sxva saxis 

informaciis sakuTari iniciativiT gamoqveynebas daavaldebulebs. 

saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis Sesaxeb informacia (maT Soris, misi daskvnebi 

da rekomendaciebi gamoZiebis warmoebis Sesaxeb) sajaroa da Setanil 

unda iqnes saxalxo damcvelis yovelwliur saparlamento angariSSi, romelic 

sakanonmdeblo organom Tavis oficialur beWdviT organoSi unda 

gamoaqveynos. 17 angariSSi dasaxelebuli unda iyvnen saxelmwifo xelisuflebis 

is organoebi da Tanamdebobis pirebi, romlebic arRvevdnen adamianis 

uflebebs da ar iTvaliswinebdnen saxalxo damcvelis rekomendaciebs. 

18 amasTan erTad, saxalxo damcvelma ganmcxadeblebs unda acnobos 

im Semowmebis Sedegebi, romelic maTi gancxadebis sapasuxod ganxorcielda. 

19 

saxalxo damcveli valdebulia, sxva maRali rangis moxeleebis msgavsad, 

Seavsos detaluri qonebrivi deklaracia. deklaracia sajaro dokumentia. 

20 

amis miuxedavad, saxalxo damcvels kanoni aseTi tipis informaciis ufro 

xSirad da sakuTari iniciativiT gamoqveynebas ar avaldebulebs. kanoni 

mas nebas aZlevs, rom sazogadoebas Catarebuli Semowmebis Sedegebi masmediis 

saSualebiT acnobos, magram amgvar valdebulebas ar uwesebs. 21 amave 

dros, ar arsebobs kanonis debulebebi, romlebic saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobaSi 

sazogadoebis monawileobas gaiTvalisiwnebda (magaliTad, sazogadoebrivi 

ganxilvebis gamarTvis an sazogadoebrivi sabWoebis da sakonsultacio 

komitetebis Seqmnis gziT). 


qula: 75 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea saxalxo damcvelis saqmianoba da gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebis procesi praqtikaSi? 

saxalxo damcvelis aparati zogadad gamWvirvaled muSaobs da Sesabamisi 

informacia dainteresebuli pirebisa da organizaciebisTvis xelmisawvdomia, 

Tumca gaumjobesebas saWiroebs misi saqmianoba sajaro informaciis 

moTxovnebze reagirebisa da yovelwliuri angariSebis meSveobiT sazogadoebis 

informirebis mxriv. 

detaluri informacia saxalxo damcvelis aparatis saqmianobaze (maT 

Soris, aparatis mier dafiqsirebul darRvevebsa da wardgenil rekomendaciebze) 

mocemulia saxalxo damcvelis yovelwliur saparlamento angariSebSi. 

saxalxo damcvelis aparatis saqmianobis Sesaxeb angariSi sajaro 

dokumentia da misi naxva SesaZlebelia saxalxo damcvelis oficialur veb– 

gverdze. 22 angariSebSi vrceli informaciaa Tavmoyrili, magram ar aris 

mwyobrad warmodgenili statistikur monacemebi saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis 

Sesaxeb. 


saxalxo damcvelis veb-gverdi axali ambebis ganyofilebas Seicavs, sadac 

warmodgenilia aparatis mimdinare saqmianobis amsaxveli detaluri informacia, 

agreTve saxalxo damcvelis sajaro gancxadebebi da specialuri angariSebi. 

saxalxo damcvelis qonebrivi deklaracia xelmisawvdomia specialur 

veb-gverdze, romelzec yvela sajaro moxelis qonebrivi deklaraciaa 

gamoqveynebuli. 23 

adamianis uflebaTa sferoSi momuSave erT-erTi arasamTavrobo organizaciis 

eqsperti, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSnavs, rom saxalxo damcveli mas moTxovnil informacias 

yovelTvis droulad awvdis da mis organizacias aparatTan urTierTobaSi 

gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi arasodes Seqmnia. 24 amis miuxedavad, 

saxalxo damcvelis aparatma erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

kvlevis praqtikuli testebis farglebSi wardgenili sajaro informaciis 

oTxi moTxovnidan mxolod ori daakmayofila. im or SemTxvevaSi, 

rodesac aparatma n informacia ar gasca, moTxovnis sagans saxalxo damcvelis 

aparatis mier xelisuflebis sxvadasxva organoebisTvis gadagzavnili 

saqmeebis CamonaTvali da sxvadasxva organoebisTvis wardgenili 

rekomendaciebis nusxa warmoadegnda. saxalxo damcvelis aparatma uaris 

mizezad Sesabamisi monacemTa bazebis uqonloba daasaxela da aRniSna, rom 

informaciis miwodeba mxolod konkretul saqmeebze SeeZlo. 

saxalxo damcvelma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, 

rom misi aparati aqtiurad TanamSromlobs ramdenime arasamTavrobo 

organizaciasTan da ramdenime maTganTan xeli aqvs mowerili urTierTTanamSromlobis 

memorandumze. man aRniSna, rom misi aparati erTobliv proeqtebs 

axorcielebs dedaqalaqSi momuSave arasamTavrobo organizacieb- 

Tan da aseve cdilobs, daukavSirdes qveynis sxvadasxva nawilSi moRvawe 

organizaciebs, raTa maTTan partnioruli urTierToba daamyaros. 25 damoukidebelma 

eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, es daadastura da aRniSna, rom saxalxo damcvelma mis 

arasamTavrobo organizacias sagangebod sTxova mis aparatTan TanamSromloba 

sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi wardgenil sarCelebTan dakavSirebiT. 26 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzunvelyofs kanoni, rom saxalxo damcvelma waradginos 

angariSebi Tavisi saqmianobis Sesaxeb da angariSvaldebuli iyos 

sakuTari qmedebebis gamo? 

saxalxo damcvelis angariSvaldebuleba Zlieri sakanonmdeblo normebiT 

aris uzrunvelyofili. Tumca, arsebuli kanonis nakli is aris, rom is 

saxalxo damcvelisgan misi saqmianobis amsaxveli angariSebis wardgenas 

mxolod weliwadSi erTxel iTxovs. 

saxalxo damcveli angariSvaldebulia parlamentis winaSe da sakanonmdeblo 

organos yovelwliurad unda warudginos angariSi, romelSic asaxuli 

137 





7. saxalxo damcveli


22. 



21. 

30 www.ombudsman.ge 

138 

iqneba qveyanaSi adamianis uflebaTa dacvis mxriv arsebuli mdgomareoba. 

angariSSi aseve dasaxelebuli unda iyvnen saxelmwifo xelisuflebis is 

organoebi da Tanamdebobis pirebi, romlebic arRvevdnen adamianis uflebebs 

da ar iTvaliswinebdnen saxalxo damcvelis rekomendaciebs. angariSSi 

mocemuli unda iyos saxalxo damcvelis zogadi azri adamianis uflebaTa 

sferoSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb da warmodgenili unda iyos misi 

daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi. yovelwliuri angariSi sajaro dokumentia 

da parlamenti valdebulia, is gamoaqveynos. 27 

eqsperti, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSnavs, rom yovelwliuri angariSgeba SesaZloa, sakmarisi ar iyos 

da ukeTesi iqneba, Tu saxalxo damcvels angariSebis ufro xSirad wardgenis 

valdebuleba daekisreba, Tu aparatis resursebi mas amis SesaZleblobas 

miscems. 28 

Tumca, kanoni, yovelwliuri angariSgebis garda, angariSvaldebulebis sxva 

formebs naklebad iTvaliswinebs. rogorc gamWvirvalobis Sesaxeb qveTavSi 

iyo aRniSnuli, kanoni saxalxo damcvels uflebas aZlevs, rom Catarebuli 

saCivrebis Semowmebis Sedegebi medias acnobos, magram amgvar valdebulebas 

ar uwesebs. 29 

saxalxo damcvelis saqmianoba da saxalxo damcvelis aparati, saxelmwifo 

xelisuflebis sxva organoebis da Tanamdebobis pirebis msgavsad, sasamarTlos 

zedamxedvelobas eqvemdebareba. radgan saxalxo damcvelis aparati 

sajaro samsaxuris nawilia, sajaro samsaxuris TavSi ganxiluli, angariSvaldebulebis 

sakmaod Zlieri zogadi meqanizmebi (maT Soris, debulebebi, 

romlebic mamxileblebs exeba), saxalxo damcvelis aparatis TanamSroblebzec 

vrceldeba. 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia praqtikaSi saxalxo damcvelis mier angariSebis 

wardgena da misi sakuTari qmedebebis gamo anariSvaldebuleba? 

saxalxo damcveli, kanonis Sesabamisad, yovelwliurad warudgens angariSs 

sakanonmdeblo organos. amave dros, angariSebis xarisxi gaumjobesebas 

saWiroebs. 

saxalxo damcveli, kanonis Sesabamisad, parlaments warudgens yovelwliur 

angariSebs, romlebSic detalurad aris aRwerili misi aparatis saqmianoba 

saangariSo wlis ganmavlobaSi. angariSebi ganixileba parlamentis sxdomebze 

da qveyndeba saxalxo damcvelis veb-gverdze. 30 rogorc gamWvirvalobis 

Sesaxeb qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, angariSSi vrceli informaciaa 

Tavmoyrili, magram masSi ver vxvdebiT mwyobrad warmodgenil statistikur 

monacemebs saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobis Sesaxeb. 

bolo wlebSi saxalxo damcvelis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlosTvis 

aravis miumarTavs (magaliTad, sarCelis saxiT) da saxalxo 


damcvelis aparatSi arc mxilebis faqtebs hqonia adgili. Sesabamisad, am 

etapze SeuZlebelia Sefasdes, ramdenad qmediTia kanonis Sesabamisi debulebebi 

praqtikaSi. 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonis debulebebi saxalxo damcvelis mier 

sakuTari movaleobebis keTilsindisier aRsrulebas? 

miuxedavad imisa, rom saxalxo damcvelisa da misi aparatis TanamSromelTa 

saqmianoba specialuri qcevis kodeqsiT ar regulirdeba, maT mimarT ZalaSia 

sxvadasxva kanonebiT gaTvaliswinebuli normebi, romlebic Tanamdebobis 

pirTa mier movaleobebis keTilsindisier aRsrulebas uzrunvelyofs. 

rogorc saxalxo damcvelis damoukideblobis Sesaxeb qveTavSi iyo 

aRniSnuli, saxalxo damcvels ekrZaleba politikuri partiis wevroba da 

politikur saqmianobaSi Cabma 31 . sxva sajaro moxeleebis msgavsad, is valdebulia, 

rom qonebrivi deklaracia Seavsos. 32 saxalxo damcveli kanoniT 

movalea, daemorCilos sajaro moxeleebisTvis dadgenil interesTa Seu- 

Tavseblobis zogad wesebs (maT Soris, saCuqrebis miRebaze dawesebul Sez- 

Rudvebs), romlebic aRwerilia sajaro samsaxuris, aRmasrulebeli Stosa 

da sakanonmdeblo organos Sesaxeb TavebSi. sajaro mosamsaxureTa qcevis 

wesebi, romlebic sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb TavSi iyo ganxiluli, saxalxo 

damcvelis aparatis TanamSromlebsac exebaT. 

kanoni saxalxo damcvelisgan moiTxovs, rom man ar gaamJRavnos savaraudo 

wamebis da araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis msxverplisgan miRebuli 

konfidencialuri informacia, garda im SemTxvebisa, rodesac arsebobs 

msxverplis mkafiod gamoxatuli Tanxmoba. 33 amave dros, msgavsi moTxovnebi 

sxva tipis saCivrebTan dakavSirebiT, rogorc Cans, ar arsebobs, 

rac kanonmdeblobis xarvezia. 


qulis miniWeba ar moxerxda 

saxalxo damcveli acxadebs, rom misi aparatia adamianuri resursebis ganyofilebaSi 

sagangebod aris gamoyofili TanamSromeli, romlis movaleoba 

aparatis saqmianobis Sedegebisa da TanamSromelTa mier Sesabamisi wesebis 

dacvis Sefaseba, aseve, treningebis organizebaa. saxalxo damcvelis informaciiT, 

bolo wlebSi aparatSi seriozuli Tanamdebobrivi danaSauli ar 

dafiqsirebula, Tumca ramdenime TanamSromelma gafrTxileba miiRo 

aparatis Sida wesebis darRvevis gamo. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ am informaciis damoukideblad 

gadamowmeba ver SeZlo da gadawyvita, es indikatori quliT ar 

Seefasebina. 

139 

31 kanoni „saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 8. 

32 kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa 

SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb,“ 


muxlebi 2, 14. 


20. 

7. saxalxo damcveli

34 iqve, muxli 3-3(1), 12, 13, 15, 17. 


18. 



21. 

140 

roli: gamoZieba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad aqtiurad da efeqtianad reagirebs saxalxo damcveli moqalaqeebisgan 

miRebul gancxadebebze? 

kanonmdebloba saxalxo damcvels mZlavr sagamoZiebo funqciebs aniWebs 

da am mimarTulebiT misi muSaoba zogadad efeqtiania. Tumca zogi samTavrobo 

uwyeba, kanonis moTxovnaTa sawinaaRmdegod, saxalxo damcvels gamo- 

Ziebis CatarebaSi saTanadod ar exmareba. 

saxalxo damcvels adamianis uflebaTa savaraudo darRvevebis gamosaZieblad 

farTo uflebamosilebebi aqvs miniWebuli. kanonis mixedviT, saxalxo 

damcveli valdebulia, gamoavlinos adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa 

darRvevis faqtebi. is agreTve asrulebs gaero-s wamebis sawinaaRmdego 

konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli prevenciis erovnuli meqanizmis funqcias. 

saxalxo damcveli damoukideblad atarebs adamianis uflebebisa da 

Tavisuflebebis dacvis mxriv arsebuli mdgomareobis monitorings da 

uflebamosilia, wamoiwyos savaraudo darRvevis faqtebis gamokvleva rogorc 

sakuTari iniciativiT, ise miRebuli saCivrebis safuZvelze. saxalxo 

damcveli valdebulia, ganixilos kerZo pirebis, iuridiuli pirebisa da 

politikuri da religiuri jgufebis saCivrebi da gancxadebebi, romlebic 

xelisuflebis organoTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa qmedebebs exeba. cixeebSi 

da Tavisuflebis SezRudvis sxva adgilebSi myof pirTa mier saxalxo 

damcvelisTvis gagzavnili gancxadebebi konfidencialuria da maTi gaxsna 

da winaswar Semowmeba akrZalulia. saxalxo damcveli valdebulia, 

ganmcxadebels acnobos saCivris Semowmebis Sedegi. 34 

Semowmebis Catarebisas, saxalxo damcvels ufleba aqvs, daubrkoleblad 

Sevides saxelmwifo xelisuflebis nebismier organoSi da sajaro dawesebulebaSi, 

maT Soris, Tavisuflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi da samxedro qvedanayofebSi, 

da nebismier Tanamdebobis pirs mosTxovos werilobiTi axsnaganmarteba 

gamosakvlevi sakiTxis Sesaxeb. saxelmwifo xelisuflebis nebismieri 

organo da Tanamdebobis piri valdebulia, saxalxo damcvels dauyovnebliv 

an araugvianes 10 dRisa miawodos moTxovnili dokumentebi da 

masalebi. 35 im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gaCndeba eWvi, rom adgili aqvs danaSauls, 

saxalxo damcvels ufleba aqvs, samarTaldamcav organoebs sisxlis samar- 

Tlis saqmis aRZvra mosTxovos. sxva SemTxvevaSi, is uflebamosilia, Sesabamis 

samarTaldamcvel organoebs kanondamrRvevebis mimarT disciplinaruli 

zomebis gatareba mosTxovos. gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi, saxalxo 

damcvels SeuZlia, parlaments adamianis uflebaTa savaraudo darRvevis 

gamosaZieblad droebiTi sagamomZieblo komisiis Seqmnis rekomendaciiT 

mimarTos. amis miuxedavad, bolo wlebSi parlamenti ugulebelyofda 

saxalxo damcvelis rekomendaciebs xelisuflebis aRmasrulebeli Stos 

organoebisa da Tanamdebobis pirebis mier Cadenili adamianis uflebaTa 

savaraudo darRvevebis gamosaZieblad aseTi komisiis Seqmnis Sesaxeb. 36 

saxalxo damcvels aseve SeuZlia, werilobiT mimarTos prezidents, Tu mis 

xelT arsebuli saSualebebi konkretul SemTxvevaze reagirebisTvis 

sakmarisi ar aris. 37 


erT-erTi eqsperti, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, aRniSnavs, rom saxalxo damcvelisTvis gancxadebiT mimar- 

Tvis procedura martivia rogorc kanoniT, ise praqtikaSi da am mxriv moqalaqeebs 

problemebi iSviaTad eqmnebaT. 38 garda centraluri aparatisa, 

romelic dedaqalaqSi mdebareobs, saxalxo damcvels eqvsi regionaluri 

ofisi aqvs, rac aparats sazogadoebasTan kontaqts uadvilebs. 39 

saxalxo damcvels mravaljer Cautarebia gamoZieba sakuTari iniciativiT. 

yvelaze gaxmaurebul bolodroindel SemTxvevebs ganekuTvneba saxalxo 

damcvelis mier Catarebuli gamoZieba Tbilisis centrSi policiis mier 

omis veteranebis saprotesto aqciis daSlisa da iZulebiT gadaadgilebul 

pirTa sadavo sacxovrebeli farTebidan gamosaxlebis faqtebze. aRniSnul 

saqmeebze saxalxo damcvelis mier momzadebuli daskvnebi gamoqveynda 

saxalxo damcvelis veb-gverdze. pirvel SemTxvevaSi, saxalxo damcvelis 

rekomendaciis Semdeg, erT-erTi policieli samsaxuridan daiTxoves. 40 

garda amisa, zemoxsenebuli eqsperti aRniSnavs, rom saxalxo damcvelis aparatma, 

romelic gaero-s wamebis sawinaaRmdego konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli 

prevenciis erovnuli meqanizmis funqciiT moqmedebda, gamoavlina 

kanondarRvevis uamravi faqti cixeebSi, rekomendciebiT mimarTa Sesabamis 

organoebs da es faqtebi Tavis angariSebSic Seitana. 41 mxolod 2009 wlis 

bolo eqvsi Tvis manZilze, saxalxo damcvelis aparatis rwmunebulebma 

sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi 146 viziti ganaxorcieles. 42 

2009 wels saxalxo damcvelma xuTjer mimarTa sakonstitucio sasamarTlos 

sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo normebis konstituciasTan Seusabamod cnobis 

moTxovniT. 43 

amave dros, rogorc saxalxo damcveli acxadebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom mis 

aparats sxvadasxva samTavrobo uwyebebTan konstruqciuli urTierToba 

aqvs, aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac samTavrobo uwyebebi aparats moTxovnil 

informacias droulad ar awvdian. amasTan erTad, samTavrobo uwyebebi 

saxalxo damcvelis mier dafiqsirebul darRvevaTa Sesaxeb wardgenil 

winadadebebsa da rekomendaciebs yovelTvis amomwurav da dasabuTebul 

pasuxs ar scemen. 44 bolo saparlamento angariSSi, saxalxo damcveli akritikebda 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, mTavar prokurorsa da ltlovilTa 

da gansaxlebis saministros, radgan maT saxalxo damcvels ramdenimejer 

gamoZiebis warmoebaSi daxmareba ar aRmouCines. 45 rogorc zemoxsenebuli 

eqsperti aRniSnavs, saxalxo damcvelis mier warmoebuli gamoZiebebis Sedegianobas 

is garemoeba amcirebs, rom zog samTavrobo uwyebas mis rekomendaciebze 

reagireba ar surs. 46 

2011 

roli: sanimuSo praqtikis damkvidrebis xelSewyoba 


qula: 50 

ramdenad aqtiurad da efeqtianad moqmedebs saxalxo damcveli mTavrobasa 

da sazogadoebaSi eTikuri qcevis normebis damkvidrebis mxriv? 

141 




damcvelis gancxadeba omis veteranebis 

aqciis daSlasTan dakavSirebiT,“ 2011 wlis 

4 ianvari, http://www.ombudsman.ge/index. 

php?page=1001&lang=1&n=0&id=1355 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 11 Tebervals); saxalxo 

damcvelis aparati, „saxalxo damcvelis 

gancxadeba,“ 2011 wlis 21 ianvari, 

http://www.ombudsman.ge/index.php?page= 

1001&lang=1&n=0&id=1358 (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 18 Tebervals); saxalxo damcvelis 

aparati, „saxalxo damcvelis gancxadeba,“ 

2011 wlis 6 ianvari, http://www.ombudsman. 

ge/index.php?page=1001&lang=1&n=0&id= 

1356 (nanaxia 2011 wlis 18 Tebervals). 





dacvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb: 2009 wlis 

meore naxevari“ (Tbilisi: saxalxo 

damcvelis aparati), 14. 

43 iqve, 156. 







damcvelis aparati), 13. 


7. saxalxo damcveli

47 kanoni „saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb,“ 

muxlebi 3, 23. 









damcvelis aparati). 


142 

saxalxo damcvels sakmarisi uflebamosilebebi, raTa sanimuSo praqtikis 

damkvidrebas Seuwyos xeli, magram resursebis nakleobis gamo am uflebamosilebebs 

yovelTvis Sedegianad ver iyenebs. 

kanonis Tanaxmad, saxalxo damcvelis iurisdiqcia saqarTvelos teritoriaze 

moqmed (rogorc centraluri, ise adgilobrivi) mTavrobis yvela organoze, 

Tanamdebobis pirze da sajaro dawesebulebaze vrceldeba. 47 mas gaaCnia 

mTeli rigi uflebamosilebebi da valdebulebebi, romlebic sanimuSo 

praqtikis damkvidrebisTvis xelis Sewyobas iTvaliswinebs. magaliTad, 

saxalxo damcvels SeuZlia, parlaments rekomendaciebi da winadadebebi 

warudginos, romlebic gamiznulia adamianis uflebebis sferoSi arsebuli 

kanonmdeblobis gasaumjobeseblad. rogorc wina qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, 

saxalxo damcveli uflebamosilia, saxelmwifo organoebs warudginos 

winadadebebi im pirTa winaaRmdeg disciplinaruli an administraciuli 

zomebis gatarebis Sesaxeb, romelTa moqmedebamac adamianis uflebebis da 

Tavisuflebebis darRveva gamoiwvia. 48 saxelmwifo xelisuflebis organoebi 

da Tanamdebobis pirebi, romlebic saxalxo damcvelis rekomendaciebs 

an winadadebebs iReben, valdebulni arian, isini ganixilon da 20 dRis ganmavlobaSi 

ganxilvis Sedegebi saxalxo damcvels werilobiT acnobon. 49 

saxalxo damcvelis movaleobebi aseve moicavs saganmanaTleblo saqmianobas 

adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa sferoSi. 50 

praqtikaSi, saxalxo damcvelis mier sanimuSo praqtikis damkvidrebis xel- 

Sewyoba ZiriTadad rekomendaciebiT Semoifargleba. misi yovelwliuri 

angariSi moicavs winadadebaTa nusxas, romlebic miznad arsebuli problemebis 

mogvarebasa da sxvadasxva samTavrobo uwyebebis praqtikis gaumjobesebas 

isaxavs. 51 angariSebs Soris periodSi, saxalxo damcvels regularuli 

kavSiri aqvs mTavrobis sxvadasxva organoebTan da maT rCevebsa da informacias 

awvdis. amis miuxedavad, rogorc saxalxo damcveli aRniSnavs, 

resursebis naklebobis gamo is ver axerxebs ufro farTo kampaniis warmoebas, 

rac sajaro moxeleTaTvis treningebis Catarebas igulisxmebda. 52 


eziume 

kontrolis palata saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebulebaa, 

romelsac saxelmwifo saxsrebis xarjvaze zedamxedveloba evaleba. winamdebare 

kvlevis Tanaxmad, bolo wlebSi gatarebuli reformebis Sedegad, 

palatis muSaoba mTlianobaSi sagrZnoblad gaumjobesda, Tumca is kvlavac 

mniSvnelovan gamowvevebs awydeba resursebis mxriv. sakanonmdeblo baza, 

romelic palatis saqmianobas aregulirebs, mTlianobaSi damakmayofilebelia, 

Tumca palatis damoukideblobasa da mis unarze, Seasrulos Tavisi 

roli qveynis mmarTvelobis sistemaSi, uaryofiTi gavlena SeiZleba moaxdinos 

saerTo politikurma garemom, romelSic es uwyeba funqcionirebs. 

kontrolis palata zogadad gamWvirvaled moqmedebs da dainteresebuli 

pirebisTvis Sesabamisi informaciis xelmisawvdomobas uzrunvelyofs. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili maCveneblebis qulebiT Sefasebulia 

kontrolis palatis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da misi roli saqar- 

Tvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia 

TiToeuli maCveneblis Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 



SesaZleblobebi resursebi 50 




keTilsindisiereba 100 qulis miniWeba 

ar moxerxda 

efeqtiani finansuri auditis Catareba 50 

roli darRvevebis dafiqsireba da 

50/100 sanqciebis daweseba 50 

finansuri marTvis gaumjobesebat 50 

2011 143 

8. 

kontrolis palata


kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 



3 parlamentis reglamenti, miRebulia 2004 

wlis 27 Tebervals, muxli 237. 



wlis saqmianobis angariSi,“ 30. 


saqarTvelos“ mimowera giorgi 

alasaniasTan (saqarTvelos kontrolis 

palatis socialuri sferos auditis 

departamentis Tavmjdomare), 2010 wlis 26 

Tebervali. 

144 


kontrolis palata saqarTvelos umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebulebaa. 

konstituciis mixedviT, kontrolis palatas ufleba aqvs, zedamxedveloba 

gauwios saxelmwifo saxsrebisa da saxelmwifos sxva materialur faseulobaTa 

gamoyenebas. is aseve uflebamosilia, Seamowmos sxva saxelmwifo organoebis 

saqmianoba, romelTac safinanso-sameurneo kontrolis ganxorcieleba 

evalebaT, da parlaments warudginos sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis 

srulyofis winadadebebi. palata angariSvaldebulia parlamentis winaSe, 

romelic mis Tavmjdomares irCevs. palataSi amJamad mimdinare reformis 

farglebSi parlamentma 2008 wlis dekemberSi miiRo axali kanoni „saqarTvelos 

kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb.“ kanonis mixedviT, es uwyeba warmoadgens 

„saxelmwifo safinanso-ekonomikuri kontrolis umaRles organos, romelic 

axorcielebs audits.“ 1 reformis ZiriTadi mizani palatis sabWoTa 

yaidis inspeqtirebis organodan Tanamedrove umaRles auditorul dawesebulebad 

gadaqcevaa. 

Sefaseba 

resursebi (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad aqvs auditorul dawesebulebas praqtikaSi misi miznebis misaRwevad 

aucilebeli resursebi? 

saqarTvelos kontrolis palatisTvis saxelmwifo biujetSi gaTvaliswinebuli 

dafinanseba bolo wlebSi mudmivad izrdeboda da uwyebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomi finansuri resursebis odenoba, zogadad, sakmarisia. amis 

miuxedavad, palata kvlavac mniSvnelovani gamowvevebis winaSe dgas adamianuri 

resursebis TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT iseTi kadrebis mozidvis 

mxriv, romelTac Tanamedrove auditis Catareba SeuZliaT. 

saqarTvelos kanoni „kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb“ (romelic miRebulia 

2008 wlis 26 dekembers) mTel rig mniSvnelovan debulebebs Seicavs, romelTa 

mizani palatis saTanado dafinansebiT uzrunvelyofaa. kerZod, saxelmwifo 

biujetSi palatisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli dafinansebis odenoba 

ar SeiZleba wina wlis Sesabamis odenobaze naklebi iyos. palatis dafinansebis 

Semcireba mxolod misi TanxmobiT aris SesaZlebeli. 2 palata Tavad 

adgens sakuTar biujets, romelsac parlaments dasamtkiceblad palatis 

Tavmjdomare warudgens. 3 

praqtikaSi, saxelmwifo biujetSi kontrolis palatisTvis gamoyofili 

dafinanseba bolo wlebSi mudmivad matulobda da 2003-2008 wlebSi Svidjer 

gaizarda. palatis TanamSromlebis xelfasebisTvis gamoyofilma Tanxebma 

imave periodSi xuTjer imata (es tendencia imave wlebSi bevr sxva 

samTavrobo uwyebaSi aRiniSna). 4 kontrolis palatis warmomadgenlis 

TqmiT, bolo dros parlamentma am uwyebis damatebiTi saxsrebiT dafinansebis 

mizniT sakuTari biujeti Seimcira. 5 


wina wlebSi palatis muSaobis xarisxze uaryofiT gavlenas TanamSromelTa 

xSiri cvla da Sida infrastruqturis dabali xarisxi axdenda. 6 amis miuxedavad, 

rogorc Cans, amJamad es problemebi didwilad mogvarebulia. 

2009 wlis Semdeg palata arc erT auditors ar dautovebia da infrastruqturac 

mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda. palatas amJamad qveynis sxvadasxva 

regionSi sami Tanamedrove da srulad aRWurvili ofisi aqvs. 7 

palata jer kidev mniSvnelovani gamowvevebis winaSe dgas TanamSromlebis 

profesiuli unarebis mxriv. 2009 wels Catarebuli erT-erTi kvlevis mixedviT, 

miuxedavad imisa, rom palatis TanamSromlebs sakmarisi kvalifikacia 

aqvT saxelmwifo uwyebebis sabuRaltro dokumentebis „elementaruli“ 

Semowmebis Casatareblad, maT ufro rTuli auditoruli amocanebis 

Sesasruleblad saWiro unarebi ar hyofniT. 8 igive problema xazgasmulia 

palatis „SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis 2010-2011 wlebis gegmaSic,“ romelSic 

aRniSnulia, rom auditorTa „mxolod Zalze mcire nawils gaaCnia 

Teoriuli da praqtikuli codna Tanamedrove auditis sferoSi.“ 9 aRniSnuli 

dokumentis Tanaxmad, palatas saxelmwifo biujetis sruli finansuri 

auditis gansaxorcieleblad aranakleb 160 „gamocdili“ auditori 

esaWiroeba, magram 2010 mxolod 105 hyavda. 10 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad damoukidebelia auditoruli dawesebuleba kanoniT? 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs mniSvnelovan debulebebs, romlebic kontrolis 

palatis damoukideblobas ganamtkicebs. amis miuxedavad, kanoni palatis 

TanamSromlebs saTanadod ar icavs samsaxuridan TviTneburi daTxovnisgan. 

kontrolis palatis statusi ganmtkicebulia qveynis konstituciiT, romelic 

zogad debulebebs Seicavs am uwyebis rolis, parlamentTan misi urTierTobebisa 

da misi Tavmjdomaris arCevis wesis Sesaxeb. mniSvnelovania, 

rom, konstituciis mixedviT, kontrolis palata Tavis saqmianobaSi damoukidebelia 

da misi Tavmjdomare 5 wlis vadiT airCeva. 11 kanoni „kontrolis 

palatis Sesaxeb“ am uwyebis damoukideblobas kidev ufro amyarebs da 

pirdapir krZalavs nebismieri saxiT mis saqmianobaSi Carevas da mis kontrols, 

aseve masze politikur zewolas. 12 

kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomares, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris wardginebiT, 

5 wlis vadiT, siiTi Semadgenlobis umravlesobiT irCevs parlamenti. 

„kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomaresa 

da Tavmjdomaris moadgileebs ekrZalebaT politikuri partiis 

wevroba, politikur saqmianobaSi Cabma, sxva Tanamdebobis dakaveba da nebismieri 

sxva anazRaurebadi saqmianobis Sesruleba, garda pedagogiuri, 

samecniero an SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobisa. kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomaris 

daTxovnis ufleba mxolod parlaments aqvs, rac konstituciiT 

145 

6 saqarTvelos kontrolis palata, „2009- 

2011 wlebis strategia,“ (Tbilisi: 

politikisa da marTvis sakonsultacio 

jgufi, 2009), 9-10. 





departamentis Tavmjdomare), 2011 wlis 6 

ivlisi. 

8 jorj veltoni, „saerTaSoriso 

sazogadoebis roli saqarTveloSi 

finansuri reformis ganxorcielebaSi: 

biujetis dagegmva da auditi,“ 

„saerTaSoriso sabiujeto partniorobisa“ 

da „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelosTvis“ momzadebuli 

gamouqveynebeli angariSi, 2009 wlis 

marti (citirebulia avtoris nebarTviT), 

22. 


„SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis 2010–2011 

wlebis gegma“ (Tbilisi: saqarTvelos 

kontrolis palata: 2010), 5. 

10 iqve, 4. 




kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 3. 

8. kontrolis palata

13 iqve, muxli 3, 9-12. 



146 

dadgenili impiCmentis wesiT unda moxdes. palatis Tavmjdomaris am postze 

xelaxal arCevaze raime SezRudva dawesebuli ar aris. kanonis Tanaxmad, 

palatis Tavmjdomare xelSeuxeblobiT sargeblobs da misi dapatimreba 

an sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema SeiZleba mxolod parlamentis 

TanxmobiT. Tu palatis Tavmjdomares danaSaulis Cadenis momentSi waaswreben 

da daapatimreben, amis Sesaxeb dauyovnebliv unda ecnobis parlaments 

da Tu parlamenti mis patimrobaze 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi Tanxmobas 

ar miscems, is dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes. 13 

kontrolis palata, zogadad, revizia-Semowmebebis Catarebis dRis wesrigs 

Tavad adgens, xolo mis wliur da kvartalur gegmebs palatis Tavmjdomare 

amtkicebs. Tavmjdomare aseve amtkicebs palatis reglaments, romliTac 

ganisazRvreba revizia–Semowmebebis ganrigi da wesebi. amave dros, saqarTvelos 

prezidentsa da parlaments SeuZliaT, palatis dRis wesrigze garkveuli 

zegavlena moaxdinon. kanoni acxadebs, rom prezidentisa da parlamentis 

gadawyvetilebebi, romlebic sxvadasxva saxelmwifo organoebis 

auditis Catarebas exeba, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes palatis auditis 

gegmebSi. 14 amave dros, mTel rig saxelmwifo uwyebebsa da Tanamdebobis 

pirebs, aseve saparlamento opozicias, ufleba aqvT, palatisgan daugegmavi 

revizia-Semowmebebis Catareba moiTxovon. 15 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, miuxedavad imisa, rom kanoni „kontrolis 

palatis Sesaxeb“ misi Tavmjdomaris vadaze adre Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebisa 

da sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnisgan damcav garantiebs Seicavs, 

masSi palatis sxva TanamSromlebisTvis msgavsi garantiebi gaTvaliswinebuli 

ar aris. imis miuxedavad, rom kontrolis palatis TanamSromlebi 

sajaro mosamsaxureebi arian da maTze is garantiebi vrceldeba, romlebsac 

„sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb“ kanoni iTvaliswinebs, es garantiebi zogjer 

sxva uwyebebis TanamSromlebis saTanado dacvas ver uzrunvelyofs (ufro 

dawvrilebiTi informaciisTvis, ixileT Tavi sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb). 

Sesabamisad, sakamaToa, sakmarisia Tu ara isini palatis auditorebis damoukideblobis 

uzrunvelsayofad. 


qula: 50 

ramdenad Tavisufalia praqtikaSi auditoruli dawesebuleba mis saqmianobaSi 

gare Carevisagan? 

kontrolis palata mis yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi damoukidebelia, magram 

politikurma sistemam, romelSic is funqcionirebs, SeiZleba misi damoukidebloba 

da politikurad sensitiur saqmeebze reagirebis unars Seasustos. 

bolo periodSi kontrolis palatis TanamSromlebis daniSvnaze politikuri 

zegavlenis an mis yoveldRiur saqmianobaSi politikuri niSniT 

Carevis SemTxvevebs adgili ar hqonia. arc iseTi SemTxvevebi dafiqsirebula, 

rom kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomare an TanamSromlebi politikur 


an kanoniT akrZalul sxva saqmianobaSi Cabmuliyvnen an iseTi Tanamdeboba 

daekavebinaT, rac maT damoukideblobas eWvqveS daayenebda. 

amave dros, rogorc 2009 wels Catarebuli erT-erTi kvlevis angariSSia 

aRniSnuli, saqarTveloSi amJamad arsebul politikur garemoSi (rodesac 

erTi partia xelisuflebis yvela Stosa da yvela ZiriTad saxelisuflebo 

dawesebulebas srulad akontrolebs), mmarTvel partias SeuZlia, palatas 

ar misces gamoZiebis Catarebis saSualeba da dablokos misi daskvnebis 

gamoqveyneba, Tu es daskvnebi misTvis miuRebeli aRmoCndeba. kerZod, aRmasrulebel 

Stos saSualeba aqvs, zewola moaxdinos gamoZiebis procesze 

da mTavar prokurors SeuZlia, gamoZiebis Sesaxeb informacia ar gaaxmauros, 

xolo saparlamento umravlesobas SeuZlia, gamoZieba parlamentSi 

dablokos. imave angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom mmarTveli partia ase araer- 

Txel moqceula, xolo kontrolis palatis Tavmjdomares damoukidebeli 

politikuri sayrdeni ar gaaCnia, ris gamoc mas gauWirdeba nebismieri iseTi 

gamoZiebis Catareba, romelic mmarTveli partiis mowonebiT ar sargeblobs. 

16 2007 wels sayuradRebo SemTxveva moxda, rodesac kontrolis palatis 

mokvleva, romelic ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros saqmianobas 

exeboda, SeCerebul iqna da palatis is TanamSromeli, romelic mokvlevas 

atarebda samsaxuridan daiTxoves. 17 

kontrolis palatis Catarebuli ori bolodroindeli gamoZieba, romleb- 

Sic maRali Tanamdebobis pirebi iyvnen mxilebulni, dadebiTi niSania. 2010 

wlis seqtemberSi palatam gamoaqveyna jandacvis saministros auditis Sedegebi, 

romlebic saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas Cadenil seriozul 

darRvevebs asaxavda. prokuraturam, auditis Sedegebis safuZvelze, 

sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna wamoiwyo jandacvis ministris moadgilis 

mimarT. erTi kviris Semdeg, palatam gamoaqveyna finansTa saministros auditis 

Sedegebi, romlebSic amjerad finansTa ministris moadgilis braleuloba 

ikveTeboda. 18 es ori SemTxveva mniSvnelovan winsvlaze miuTiTebs 

2007 wels ganaTlebis saministroSi Catarebul zemoxsenebul mokvlevas- 

Tan SedarebiT, magram ar warmoadgens imis mkafio niSans, rom palata srulad 

damoukidebelia, radgan arc erT xsenebul SemTxvevaSi saqme ar 

exeboda gavlenian Tanamdebobis pirebs an mZlavr politikur interesebs. 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom sazogadoebas Sesabamisi 

informaciis miReba SeeZlos kontrolis palatis saqmianobisa da gadawyvetilebebis 

Sesaxeb? 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romlebic kontrolis palatis 

gamWvirvalobas exeba, magram es debulebebi xSirad orazrovania da 

sxvadasxvagvari interpretirebis saSualebas iZleva. amave dros, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom, kanoniT, palatis angariSebi sajaro informaciaa, maTi 

miReba mxolod sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadis wardgenis Semdeg 

147 




biujetis dagegmva da auditi,“ 25, 29. 

17 iqve, 24. 

18 „eqspresniusi“, „kontrolis palata 

finansTa ministris moadgiles Tanxebis 

aramiznobriv xarjvaSi adanaSaulebs,“ 

http://epn.ge/?p=25262 (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

12 ivliss) (qarTulad). 

8. kontrolis palata






muxli 3. 



148 

aris SesaZlebeli da kanoni palatas sakuTari iniciativiT maT gamoqveynebas 

ar avaldebulebs. 

konstituciisa da „kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, palata 

valdebulia, parlaments mTeli rigi dokumentebi warudginos, maT Soris 

mTavrobis mier biujetis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb naxevari wlis angariSebi, 

palatis daskvna saxelmwifo biujetis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb da misi saqmianobis 

amsaxveli wliuri angariSi. palatis mier parlamentisTvis wardgenili 

angariSebi parlamentis oficialur beWdviT organoSi unda gamoqveyndes, 

Tumca maTi gamoqveynebis vada kanonSi miTiTebuli ar aris. 19 amave 

dros, kanoni kontrolis palatis saqmianobis auditis (romelsac parlamentis 

droebiTi komisia atarebs) Sedegebis gamoqveynebas ar moiTxovs. 

am angariSebTan erTad, kontrolis palata TiToeuli auditis Catarebis 

Semdeg mTel rig dokumentebs (auditis aqtebs, angariSebsa da rekomendaciebs) 

adgens. kanonis is debulebebi, romlebic am dokumentebis gamWvirvalobas 

exeba, garkveulwilad orazrovania. kerZod, „kontrolis palatis 

Sesaxeb“ kanonis Tanaxmad, palata uflebamosilia, magram valdebuli ar 

aris, rom es dokumentebi gamoaqveynos. 20 amave dros, es dokumentebi administraciul 

aqtebs warmoadgens da, zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 

mixedviT, moqalaqeebisTvis moTxovnisTanave xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes. 21 

kontrolis palataSi Seqmnilia specialuri sabWo, romelsac am uwyebis 

mier Catarebuli auditis SedegebTan dakavSirebuli davebis ganxilva evaleba. 

kanoni acxadebs, rom sabWos sxdomebi sazogadoebisTvis Riaa, „garda 

im SemTxvevebisa, roca saqmis masalebi saxelmwifo an sxva saxis saidumloebas 

Seicavs.“ 22 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia auditoruli dawesebulebis saqmianobisa 

da gadawyvetilebebis gamWvirvaloba praqtikaSi? 

kontrolis palatis saqmianobis gamWvirvalobis praqtikaSi uzrunvelsayofad 

mTeli rigi nabijebi gadaidga. Seiqmna veb-gverdi, romelzec dawesebulebis 

saqmianobis Sesaxeb mniSvnelovani informacia qveyndeba. palata 

sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebze saTanadod reagirebs, Tumca 

Catarebuli auditoruli Semowmebebis sruli sia sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomi 

ar aris, amitomac SesaZlebelia, informaciis didi nawili moqalaqeebma 

verasodes moiTxovon da is sajaro arasodes gaxdes. 

kontrolis palatas informaciulad sakmaod mdidari veb-gverdi aqvs 

(www.control.ge), romelic ganaxlebulia da Seicavs zogad informacias uwyebis 

Sesaxeb, mimdinare movlenebis ganyofilebasa da mTel rig mniSvnelovan 

dokumentebs, maT Soris dagegmili revizia-Semowmebebis ganrigs. amis 

miuxedavad, veb-gverdze ar aris palatis adrindeli angariSebis sruli 


arqivi da mxolod uwyebis mier gamoqveynebuli bolo angariSebia ganTavsebuli, 

rogorebicaa palatis saqmianobis wliuri angariSi da saxelmwifo 

biujetis Sesrulebis angariSi. am angariSebis veb-gverdze gamoqveyneba dadebiTi 

faqtia, gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom kanoni palatas 

amas pirdapir ar avaldebulebs, magram ufro sasargeblo iqneboda, rom 

veb-gverdze angariSebis sruli arqivi iyos ganTavsebuli. palatis saqmianobis 

amsaxvel wliur angariSebSi, romlebic veb-gverdzea ganTavsebuli, 

ganxilulia saangariSo periodSi palatis mier ganxorcielebuli saqmianobis 

sxvadasxva aspeqtebi da misi samomavlo gegmebi. dadebiTi kuTxiT, palatam 

bolo dros veb-gverdze ganaTavsa im rekomendaciebis sruli sia, romlebic 

man gasuli wlis ganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva sajaro uwyebebs gaugzavna. 

amis miuxedavad, arc calkeuli revizia-Semowmebebis angariSebi da arc 

palatis detaluri biujeti onlain reJimSi xelmisawvdomi ar aris. vebgverds 

bolo dros daemata auditis aqtebis ganyofileba, rac SeiZleba 

imaze miuTiTebdes, rom palata calkeuli auditis aqtebis veb-gverdze gan- 

Tavsebas gegmavs, magram jer–jerobiT es ganyofileba carielia. 

amave dros, erT-erTma damoukidebelma eqspertma, romelic saqarTvelos 

kontrolis palatis saqmianobas kargad icnobs, aRniSna, rom palatis mier 

Catarebuli auditis Sedegebi Cveulebriv moTxovnisTanave xelmisawvdomi 

xdeba. 23 am gancxadebis siswores „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ 

gamocdilebac adasturebs. sajaro informaciis moTxovnis oTxive ganacxads, 

romelic erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis praqtikuli 

testebis farglebSi kontrolis palatas gaegzavna, am uwyebam sruli pasuxi 

gasca. amasTan erTad, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ sajaro 

informaciis misaRebad palatisTvis gagzavnil sxva ganacxadebzec sruli 

pasuxi miiRo. 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom kontrolis palata angariSvaldebuli 

iyos mis qmedebebze? 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs ramdenime mniSvnelovan debulebas, romelTa mizani 

kontrolis palatis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofaa. es debulebebi 

iTvaliswinebs angariSebis yovelwliur wardgenasa da specialuri sabWos 

Seqmnas, romelmac palatis gadawyvetilebebis winaaRmdeg wardgenili 

saCivrebi unda ganixilos. rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, kanonmdebloba 

kontrolis palatis damoukidebeli auditis Catarebas ar iTvaliswinebs. 

konstitucisa 24 da „kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb“ 25 kanonis mixedviT, palata 

angariSvaldebulia parlamentis winaSe da valdebulia, mas yoveli wlis 1 

ivnisisTvis warudginos angariSi wina wels ganxorcielebuli saqmianobis 

Sesaxeb. kanoni am angariSebis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb detalur moTxovnebs ar awesebs 

(Tumca palatis reglamentis 25-e muxli am mxriv garkveul miTiTebebs 

Seicavs). 

149 

23 jorj veltonis interviu avtorTan, 2009 

wlis 9 noemberi. 




8. kontrolis palata

26 iqve; parlamentis reglamenti, muxli 216. 





wlis saqmianobis angariSi,“ (Tbilisi: 

kontrolis palata, 2011), 

http://www.control.ge/files/upload-file/pdf/ 

annual_report_2010.pdf (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

12 ivliss) (qarTulad). 

29 saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis 2010 

wlis safinanso–ekonomikuri saqmianobis 

auditis ganmaxorcielebeli parlamentis 

droebiT komisia, http://www.parliament.ge/ 

index.php?sec_id=705&lang_id=GE(nanaxia 






departamentis Tavmjdomare), 2010 wlis 

26 Tebervali. 



wlis saqmianobis angariSi,“ (Tbilisi: 


150 

kanoni acxadebs, rom kontrolis palatis finansuri da ekonomikuri saqmianobis 

auditi yovelwliurad parlamentis mier Seqmnilma specialurma komisiam 

unda Caataros. 26 amJamad kanoni gare profesionaluri organizaciis 

mier kontrolis palatis damoukidebeli auditis Catarebas ar moiTxovs. 

palataSi arsebobs Sida auditis departamenti, romelsac Tavmjdomaris 

brZanebis safuZvelze am uwyebis uwyebis saqmianobis Semowmeba SeuZlia, 

Tumca ar arsebobs kanonis debuleba, romelic aseTi auditis regularulad 

Catarebas uzrunvelyofs. 

sajaro uwyebebs, romelTa auditsac kontrolis palata atarebs, SeuZliaT, 

auditis Sedegebis gasasaCivreblad palatis davebis ganxilvis sab- 

Wos mimarTon. saxelmwifo sawarmoebs, romlebic palatis auditis obieqtebs 

warmoadgenen, aseve SeuZliaT misi gadawyvetilebebi sasamarTloSi 

gaasaCivron. davebis ganxilvis sabWos palatis Tavmjdomare xelmZRvanelobs, 

romelsac sabWos wevrebis daniSvnis uflebac aqvs. kanoni sabWoSi 

damoukidebeli eqspertebis CarTvis nebas iZleva (magram amas pirdapir ar 

moiTxovs). sabWos wevrobaze kandidaturebis wardgenis ufleba arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebsac aqvT. parlaments ufleba aqvs, daniSnos sabWos ori 

wevri, romelTagan erTi aucileblad saparlamento opoziciis warmomadgeneli 

unda iyos. 27 


qula: 75 

ramdenad angariSvaldebulia kontrolis palata mis qmedebebze praqtikaSi? 

kanonis debulebebi, romelTa mizans kontrolis palatis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofa warmoadgens, zogadad, praqtikaSi efeqturad 

sruldeba, Tumca palatis finansuri saqmianobis damoukidebeli auditi 

dRemde ar Catarebula. 

kontrolis palata parlaments warudgens misi saqmianobis amsaxvel yovelwliur 

angariSebs, romlebic palatis veb-gverdze qveyndeba. bolo aseTi 

angariSi, romelic sakanonmdeblo organos waredgina, sakmaod detalur 

informacias Seicavs saangariSo periodSi Catarebuli Semowmebebis, Semowmebebis 

Sedegebis safuZvelze gatarebuli RonisZiebebis, palataSi mimdinare 

reformebisa da uwyebis finansuri sakiTxebis Sesaxeb. 

kontrolis palatis finansur inspeqtirebas yovelwliurad atarebs parlamentis 

droebiTi komisia. 29 igegmeba palatis safinanso saqmianobis yovelwliuri 

damoukidebeli auditis danergva, romelsac romelime avtoritetuli 

saerTaSoriso auditoruli firma Caatarebs, magram amJamad 

aseTi auditi ar xorcieldeba. 30 amave dros, bevri sxva sajaro uwyebisgan 

gansxvavebiT, kontrolis palatam ukve Seqmna Sida auditis departamenti 

da Caatara Sida auditoruli Semowmeba. 31 

am etapze, palatis davebis ganxilvis sabWos muSaobis Sefaseba rTulia, 

radgan is mcire xnis win Seiqmna da jer arc erTi saCivari ar miuRia. 


2011 


qula: 100 

ramdenad arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic auditoruli dawesebulebis 


saqarTveloSi kontrolis palatis keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelsayofad 

Zlieri meqanizmebi arsebobs. 

2009 wels miRebul iqna saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis auditorTa 

eTikis kodeqsi. palatis warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, kodeqsi daefuZna 

im principebs, romlebic „umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebulebebis saerTa- 

Soriso organizaciis“ mier aris aRiarebuli. 32 

kodeqsi Semdeg sferoebs moicavs: patiosneba, damoukidebloba da obieqturoba, 

politikuri neitraliteti, interesTa konfliqtis dauSvebloba, 

pasuxismgebloba, profesiuli saidumloebis dacva, profesionalizmi da 

urTierTobis eTika. kodeqsis Sesabamisi Tavebi auditorebis qcevis detalur 

wesebs da maTTvis gankuTvnil saTanado miTiTebebs Seicavs. 

kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom kontrolis palatis auditorebi Semowmebis Catarebisas 

ar daeqvemdebaron iseTi gare faqtorebis zegavlenas, rogorebicaa 

sazogadoebrivi azri, mediaSi gamoqveynebuli masalebi an piradi interesebi 

da Semowmeba mxolod Sesabamisi kanonis debulebebis mixedviT ganaxorcielon. 

kodeqsis mixedviT, auditorebma maTze dakisrebuli movaleobebi 

miukerZoeblad unda ganaxorcielon da maTi uflebamosilebebi 

piradad maTi an sxva pirebis sasargeblod ar unda gamoiyenon. isini aseve 

valdebulni arian, yvela miRebuli informacia miukerZoeblad gamoikvlion 

da gadawyvetilebebi mxolod am informaciis Sefasebis safuZvelze 

da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad miiRon. 33 auditorebma 

maTi uflebamosilebebi politikuri saqmianobisTvis ar unda gamoiyenon 

da ar unda daeqvemdebaron politikur gavlenebs. 34 

kodeqsi pirdapir moiTxovs, rom auditorebma daicvan „sajaro samsaxurSi 

interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“ kanonis moTxovnebi da 

ar miiRon iseTi saCuqrebi, romlebmac SeiZleba gavlena moaxdinos maT mier 

samsaxureobrivi movaleobebis Sesrulebaze an saeWvo gaxados maTi damoukidebloba 

da patiosneba. auditorebma interesTa SeuTavseblobis nebismieri 

SesaZlo SemTxvevis Sesaxeb maT uSualo xelmZRvanels unda Seatyobinon. 

35 

kontrolis palatis TanamSromlebze palatis datovebis Semdeg dasaqmebis 

TvalsazrisiT dawesebuli SezRudvebi mocemulia kanonSi „sajaro samsaxuris 

Sesaxeb.“ kerZod, maT, rogorc sajaro mosamsaxureebs, sajaro samsaxuris 

datovebidan sami wlis ganmavlobaSi ekrZalebaT im kerZo sawarmoebSi 

muSaoba, romelTa zedamxedveloba/Semowmeba maT samsaxureobrivad 

evalebodaT. 36 

151 



alasaniasTan, 2010 wlis 26 Tebervali. 

33 saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis 

auditorTa eTikis kodeqsi, muxli 5. 

kodeqsi „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ saqarTvelos kontrolis 

palatam moawoda 2010 wlis 1 marts. 






8. kontrolis palata




„saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis 

saqmianobis angariSi: 2009,“ 23-38. 




biujetis dagegmva da auditi,“ 23. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 35. 



alasaniasTan, 2011 wlis 6 ivlisi. 

152 


qulis miniWeba ar moxerxda 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia auditoruli dawesebulebis keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

vinaidan eTikis kodeqsis SemoRebis Semdeg jer didi xani ar gasula, amJamad 

ar moipoveba sakmarisi informacia, raTa Sefasdes efeqtianad sruldeba 

Tu ara is praqtikaSi. 

roli: efeqtiani finansuri auditis Catareba 

qula: 50 

ramdenad efeqtianad atarebs auditoruli dawesebuleba saxelmwifo 

saxsrebis xarjvis audits? 

bolo wlebSi sagrZnoblad gaizarda kontrolis palatis unari, ganaxorcielos 

finansuri auditoruli Semowmebebi, Tumca kvlavac arsebobs mniSvnelovani 

gamowvevebi palatis SesaZleblobebis mxriv. 

amJamad moqmedi kanoni (romelic 2008 wels iqna miRebuli) kontrolis palatis 

mier sami saxis auditis – finansuri, Sesabamisobisa da efeqtianobis 

auditis Catarebas iTvaliswinebs. 37 praqtikaSi, palata sajaro saxsrebis 

xarjvis audits sxvadasxva tipis dawesebulebebSi atarebs. maT Sorisaa, 

sajaro uwyebebi, komerciuli sawarmoebi, romlebSic saxelmwifo wils 

flobs, da naxevrad avtonomiuri organoebi, romlebic saxelmwifo dafinansebas 

iReben. 38 

2009 wels Catarebulma erT-erTma kvlevam daadgina, rom kontrolis palatis 

mier Catarebuli Semowmebebis masStabi Zalze SezRuduli iyo da 

auditorebi iSviaTad amowmebdnen, Tu ramdenad xmardeboda saministroebidan 

gasuli saxsrebi im saqonlisa da momsaxurebis SeZenas, risTvisac 

gankuTvnuli iyo. imave kvlevis angariSSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom Sesyidvebis 

Semowmebisas auditorebi maT xarjebis efeqturobasa (iyo Tu ara SeZenili 

saqoneli/momsaxureba yvelaze iafi xarisxis mocemuli donisTvis) da efeqtianobas 

(gamoiyeneboda Tu ara SeZenili nivTebi maqsimaluri sargeblobis 

misaRebad) ar amowmebdnen. 39 „ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis 

organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli qselis~ (ACN) 2010 wlis daskvnaSi 

aseve aRniSnulia, rom palatis saqmianoba auditis obieqtebis finansuri 

aqtivobebis „Sesabamis kanonmdeblobasTan da biujetebTan Sesabamisobis 

SemowmebiT“ Semoifargleboda. 40 

bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi mdgomareoba TandaTan umjobesdeba. 2010 

wels palatam daamtkica axali „finansuri auditis saxelmZRvanelo“ 41 da 

gaatara dawesebulebis saerTo SesaZleblobebis gazrdisTvis gamiznuli 

RonisZiebebi. amis miuxedavad, rogorc resursebis qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, 

palatas saxelmwifo biujetis sruli auditis Casatareblad arsebulze 

meti kvalificiuri auditori esaWiroeba. 


kontrolis palata efeqtianobis auditis regularulad Catarebas mxolod 

2012 wlidan gegmavs, 42 Tumca man am tipis ramdenime piloturi auditi 

2010 wels Caatara. 43 palatas amJamad sajaro seqtorSi Sida auditoruli 

Semowmebebis efeqturobis sruli Sefaseba ar SeuZlia, radgan sajaro 

seqtorSi Sida auditis subieqtebis sistema mxolod 2010 wels dainerga 

da jer srulad ar amoqmedebula. 44 

2011 

roli: darRvevebis aRmoCena da sanqciebis daweseba 

qula: 50 

afiqsirebs da iZiebs Tu ara auditoruli dawesebuleba sajaro Tanamdebobis 

pirebis mier Cadenil kanondarRvevebs? 

kontrolis palatas aqvs rogorc samarTlebrivi mandati, ise praqtikuli 

instrumentebi darRvevebis dasafiqsireblad. palatam bolo wlebSi araerTi 

darRveva aRmoaCina, Tumca arsebobs safuZliani eWvi, rom mas mTavrobis 

yvelaze gavlenian elementebTan dasapirispireblad sakmarisi damoukidebloba 

ar gaaCnia. 

kontrolis palataSi amJamad mimdinare reformis zogadi mizani misi 

„makontrolebeli organodan“ iseT dawesebulebad gardaqmnaa, romelic 

auditis obieqtebs gamocdilebas uziarebs da xels uwyobs saxelmwifo 

resursebis efeqtian xarjvas. 45 miuxedavad imisa, rom „kontrolis palatis 

Sesaxeb“ axali kanoni mTavar aqcents palatis damsjel da sagamoZiebo funqciebze 

aRar akeTebs, is mainc Seicavs debulebebs, romlebic darRvevebis 

aRmoCenasa da sanqciebis dawesebaSi palatis rols Seexeba. 

kanonis mixedviT, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu auditis Sedegad SesaZlo danaSaulis 

niSnebi gamoikveTeba, kontrolis palatam auditis masalebi samarTaldamcav 

organoebs unda gaugzavnos. 46 samarTaldamcavi organoebi valdebulni 

arian, palatas acnobon wardgenili informaciis Sesabamisad gatarebuli 

RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb. 

praqtikaSi, palatis SesaZleblobebis bolodroindelma zrdam mis mier 

darRvevebis dafiqsirebis unaric gazarda. mxolod 2010 wels, palatis 

auditorebma mTlianobaSi 869 kanondarRveva daafiqsires. 47 kontrolis 

palatis warmomadgenlis gancxadebiT, palatis auditorebs auditis obieqtebSi 

saWiro dokumentebze xeli Tavisuflad miuwvdebaT. 48 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, rogorc damoukideblobis (praqtika) 

qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, gaurkvevelia, SeuZlia Tu ara kontrolis palatas 

amJamindel politikur garemoSi daupirispirdes yvelaze gavlenian uwyebebsa 

da Tanamdebobis pirebs. am mxriv eWvebs aCens ganaTlebis saministroSi 

2007 wels Catarebuli mokvleva (romelic damoukideblobis qveTavSi iyo 

naxsenebi), Tumca dadebiTi niSani iyo jandacvisa da finansTa saministroebTan 

dakavSirebuli ori ufro gviandeli SemTxveva (romlebic aseve zemoT 

iqna ganxiluli). 

153 






alasaniasTan, 2011 wlis 6 ivlisi. 




45 saqarTvelos kontrolis palata, 2009– 

2011 wlebis strategia,“ 5. 





saqmianobis angariSi: 2010,“ 8. 



saqmianobis angariSi: 2009,“ 23. 

8. kontrolis palata




50 „saqarTvelos kontrolis palata, 








55 jorj veltonis interviu avtorTan, 2009 


154 

amasTan erTad, gaurkvevelia, yovelTvis saTanadod reagireben Tu ara 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi kontrolis palatis mier Catarebuli auditis 

Sedegebze. rogorc palatis 2008 wlis angariSSia aRniSnuli, wlis ganmavlobaSi 

prokuraturisTvis gagzavnili 44 saqmidan angariSis Sedgenis momentisTvis 

28 isev gamoZiebis stadiaSi iyo, 2 saqmeze gamoZieba Sewyda da 

danarCen 14 saqmeze palatas aranairi informacia ar hqonda miRebuli. es 

monacemebi gvaCvenebs, rom arc erT im saqmeze, romlis masalebic palatam 

prokuraturas gaugzavna, 2008 wels savaraudod bralis wardgena ar momxdara 

(yovel SemTxvevaSi, im droisaTvis, rodesac angariSi iqna Sedgenili). 

49 palatis 2009 da 2010 wlebis wliur angariSebSi aseTi monacemebi 

Setanili ar aris. 50 

roli: finansuri marTvis gaumjobeseba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 50 

ramdenad efeqturad uwyobs xels kontrolis palata mTavrobis finansuris 

marTvis gaumjobesebas? 

kontrolis palatas miniWebuli aqvs mandati, rom calkeul saxelmwifo 

uwyebebs finansur sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli rekomendaciebi misces, 

rasac is praqtikaSic axorcielebs. 2009 wlidan moyolebuli, gaizarda 

palatis unari, xeli Seuwyos mTavrobis finansuri marTvis gaumjobesebas, 

Tumca am mxriv garkveuli mniSvnelovani gamowvevebi mainc arsebobs. 

kontrolis palata valdebulia, xeli Suwyos finansuri marTvis gaumjobesebas. 

kanoni „kontrolis palatis Sesaxeb“ acxadebs, rom palatis erTerTi 

mizani saxelmwifo saxsrebisa da saxelmwifos sxva materialuri faseulobebis 

efeqtiani gamoyenebis xelSewyobaa. 51 kanonis mixedviT, kontrolis 

palatis erT-erT mimarTulebas „efeqtianobis auditi“ warmoadgens, 

rac saxelmwifo programebis, resursebisa gamoyenebisa da marTvis 

analizs da mizanSewonilobisa da efeqtianobis Sefasebas gulisxmobs. 52 

kanoni adgens, rom kontrolis palata uflebamosilia, parlamentsa da sxva 

Sesabamis organoebsa da dawesebulebebs warudginos sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobisa 

da sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebis gamocemasTan da srulyofasTan 

dakavSirebuli winadadebebi. 53 palata uflebamosilia, saqarTvelos prezidentsa 

da mTavrobas gaugzavnos informacia auditis Sedegebis Sesaxeb 

da warudginos maT rekomendaciebi. 54 

erT-erTma damoukidebelma eqspertma, romelmac 2009 wels saqarTvelos 

kontrolis palatis saqmianoba Seiswavla, aRniSna, rom palata 2004-2008 

wlebSi mTavrobis saerTo finansur marTvasTan dakavSirebiT Zalze cota 

rekomendacias iZleoda. man gamoTqva mosazreba, rom 2004 wels saxelmwifo 

resuresebis marTvis reformirebasa da gaumjobesebaze pasuxismgebeli 

organos roli finansTa saministrom SeiTavsa da am mxriv kontrolis 

palata gansakuTrebiT ar aqtiurobda. 55 

mdgomareoba gaumjobesda palataSi reformis dawyebis Semdeg 2008-2009 

wlebSi da uwyebam sajaro seqtoris finansuri marTva 2010 wels misi 


saqmianobis erT-erT ZiriTad prioritetul sferod gamoacxada. 56 palatis 

angariSis mixedviT, uwyebis mier Catarebuli auditoruli Semowmebebis 

Sedegebma biZgi misca saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb axali kanonis miRebas 

da sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebs, romlebmac saxelmwifo saxsrebis xarjvis 

kuTxiT naxevrad damoukidebeli organoebis moqmedebis Tavisufleba 

SezRuda. 57 2010 wels, kontrolis palatis mier Catarebuli Semowmebebis 

Sedegad, mTavrobis danazogebisa da damatebiTi Semosavlebis odenobam 

44 milioni lari Seadgina. 58 angariSSi, romelic mTavrobis mier 2010 wlis 

saxelmwifo biujetis Sesrulebas Seexeboda, kontrolis palata xazgasmiT 

aRniSnavda sajaro seqtoris finansur marTvasTan dakavSirebul rig mniSvnelovan 

problemebs, maT Soris finansuri aRricxvis sistemis mouwesrigeblobas, 

sabiujeto asignebebis araswor xarjvas, arasaTanado dagegmvasa 

da marTvas da sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis angariSvaldebulebis 

dabal xarisxs. angariSi aseve Seicavda palatis Sesabamis rekomendaciebs. 59 

kontrolis palata acxadebs, rom is auditis obieqtebs rekomendaciebis 

Sesasruleblad gonivrul vadas aZlevs da maTgan konkretuli vadis gasvlis 

Semdeg angariSis wardgenas iTxovs. palata aseve acxadebs, rom samTavrobo 

uwyebebi Cveulebriv mis rekomendaciebs asruleben da finansuri 

aRricxvis gaumjobesebas cdiloben. 60 

amave dros, mTeli rigi im problemebisa, romlebic wina qveTavebSi iqna 

ganxiluli, kvlavac asustebs palatis unars, rom sajaro seqtoris finansuri 

marTvis gaumjobesebas Seuwyo xeli. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, palatas 

saxelmwifo biujetis sruli auditis Casatareblad meti kvalificiuri 

auditori esaWiroeba. amasTan erTad, palata sajaro seqtorisTvis ufro 

amomwuravi rekomendaciebis wardgenas savaraudod mas Semdeg SesZlebs, 

rac is efeqtianobis srulfasovani auditebis Catarebasa da Sida auditis 

revizias daiwyebs. 

2011 

155 



saqmianobis angariSi: 2009,“: 22. 

57 iqve, 31-33. 





„moxseneba saqarTvelos 2010 wlis 

saxelmwifo biujetis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb 

saqarTvelos mTavrobis angariSTan 

dakavSirebiT,“ (Tbilisi: kontrolis 

palata, 2011). 




8. kontrolis palata

9.politikuri partiebi 

156 

reziume 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba politikuri partiebis Seqmnisa da funqcionirebis 

Tavisuflebas uzrunvelyofs da politikuri jgufebis maT saqmianobaSi 

saxelmwifos Carevisagan damcav garantiebs Seicavs. Tumca, am kvlevis 

Tanaxmad, mmarTvel partiasa da opozicias Soris finansuri resursebis 

metad araTanabari ganawileba praqtikaSi realuri politikuri konkurenciis 

arsebobas uSlis xels. miuxedavad imisa, rom partiebi, zogadad, mTavrobis 

mxridan zewolis gareSe funqcionireben, arsebobs opoziciis aqtivistebis 

daSinebisa da maT mimarT Zaladobis SemTxvevebi, romlebic samarTalmdacav 

organoebs saTanadod ar gamouZiebiaT. politikur partiebs 

aseve ar gaaCniaT Sida demokratiuli mmarTvelobis qmediTi procedurebi, 

xolo maTi unari, gaaerTianon da politikur asparezze warmoadginon socialuri 

interesebi, metad SezRudulia. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili maCveneblebis qulebiT Sefasebulia 

politikuri partiebis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da maTi roli 

saqarTvelos antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia 







50/100 angariSvaldebuloba 50 50 


roli interesebis agregacia 

25/100 da reprezentacia — 25 

antikorufciuli miznebis 

erTguleba — 25 



saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 190 registrirebuli politikuri partiaa, Tumca 

bolo wlebSi qveynis politikur cxovrebaSi met-naklebad aqtiurad 

mxolod aTiode maTgania CarTuli. amJamad saqarTvelos parlamentSi mTeli 

rigi wamyvani partiebi warmodgenili ar arian, radgan maT 2008 wlis 

saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg saparlamento mandatebze uari Tqves im 

darRvevebisadmi protestis niSnad, romlebsac, maTi azriT, arCevnebis 

dros hqonda adgili. dRes saparlamento mandatebis met-naklebad mniSvnelovan 

raodenobas mxolod erTi opoziciuri partia, „qristian-demokratiuli 

moZraoba,“ flobs (ramdenime mcire partia parlamentSi TiTo mandatiT 

aris warmodgenili). 1990-iani wlebidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos 

politikuri sistemis mudmivi maxasiaTebeli niSania dominantur mdgomareobaSi 

myofi mmarTveli partia da danawevrebuli opozicia, romelic 

gaerTianebas ver axerxebs. 

Sefaseba 


qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba xelsayrel garemos politikuri 

partiebis Seqmnisa da funqcionirebisTvis? 

arsebuli kanonmdebloba politikuri partiebis Seqmnisa da funqcionirebisTvis 

raime mniSvnelovan dabrkolebebs ar awesebs. saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa 

ufleba, „Seqmnan politikuri partia da monawileoba miiRon mis 

saqmianobaSi“ konstituciiT aris garantirebuli. 1 partiebis Seqmnisa da 

funqcionirebis konkretuli wesebi Camoyalibebulia saqarTvelos organul 

kanonSi „moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb“ (SemdgomSi 

„politikuri partiebis kanoni“). 2 

arsebuli kanonmdebloba politikuri partiebis dafuZnebisTvis raime 

seriozul dabrkolebebs ar awesebs. politikuri partiis Sesaqmnelad 

xelisuflebisgan raime saxis nebarTva saWiro ar aris, Tumca imisTvis, rom 

partiis damfuZnebeli yriloba kanonierad CaiTvalos, is moqalaqeTa aranakleb 

300-kacianma jgufma unda Caataros. 3 partiam damfuZnebeli yrilobis 

gamarTvidan erTi kviris vadaSi registraciisTvis ganacxadiT unda 

mimarTos iusticiis saministros da garkveuli dokumentebi, maT Soris 

aranakleb 1,000 wevris sia, warudginos. 4 saministros ufleba aqvs, ganmcxadebel 

partiis registraciaze uari uTxras, Tu mis mier wardgenili dokumentebi 

ewinaaRmdegeba politikuri partiebis kanonis an konstituciis 

moTxovnebs. registraciaze uaris SemTxvevaSi, saministro valdebulia, ganmcxadebels 

uaris gadawyvetileba da misi dasabuTebuli mizezi werilobiT 

acnobos. Tu saministro kanoniT miTiTebul vadaSi ganmcxadebels uaris 

Sesaxeb werilobiT ar acnobebs da, amasTanave, Tu ganmcxadeblis mier wardgenili 

dokumentebi kanonis moTxovnebs akmayofilebs, partia avtomatu- 

2011 157 




3 saqarTvelos kanoni „moqalaqeTa 

politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebuli 1997 wlis 31 oqtombers, muxli 

12. 


9. politikuri partiebi





muxli 5. 




10 dafinansebis sabaziso odenoba weliwadSi 

150,000 lars Seadgens. (is partiebi, 

romlebic saparlamento arCevnebSi 8 

procentze met xmebs miiReben an 

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis 

arCevnebSi mTeli qveynis masStabiT 6 

procentze met xmebs daagroveben, 300,000 

laris dafinansebas Rebuloben.) 



muxli 29 (1). 

158 

rad registrirebulad CaiTvleba. ganmcxadebels SeuZlia, partiis registraciaze 

saministros uari sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros. 5 

rogorc konstitucia, 6 ise politikuri partiebis kanoni 7 partiis ideologiur 

mimarTulebebze garkveul SezRudvebs awesebs. kerZod, kanonmdebloba 

krZalavs iseTi partiis Seqmnas, romlis mizania saqarTvelos konstituciuri 

wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secvla, qveynis damoukideblobis 

xelyofa an teritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva; an romelic eweva 

omis an Zaladobis propagandas an aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur 

an socialur SuRls. kanoni aseve krZalavs partiebis Seqmnas regionuli 

niSniT, anu iseTi partiebis Seqmnas, romlebic qveynis mTel teritoriaze 

ar moqmedeben. 8 miuxedavad imisa, rom es SezRudvebi demokratiul sazogadoebaSi 

SeiZleba legitimurad CaiTvalos, Freedom House-ma SeSfoTeba 

gamoTqva regionuli partiebis akrZalvis gamo da aRniSna, rom is erovnul 

umciresobebs, romlebic xandaxan konkretul regionebSi arian koncentrirebuli, 

uzRudavs SesaZleblobas, qveynis xelmZRvanelobis yuradReba maT 

problemebze miapyron. 8 


qula: 25 

ramdenad miuwvdebaT politikur partiebs xeli finansur resursebze, 

romlebic efeqturi politikuri konkurenciisTvis aris aucilebeli? 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kanoni politikur partiebs dafinansebis mravali 

wyarodan mopovebis uflebas aZlevs, mmarTvel partiasa da opoziciur 

jgufebs Soris finansuri resursebi araTanabrad aris ganawilebuli, rac 

ZiriTadad imiT aris gamowveuli, rom opozicias kerZo Semowirulobebze 

xeli naklebad miuwvdeba. es garemoeba realur politikur konkurencias 

amcirebs. 

qveynis ZiriTad politikur partiebs xeli miuwvdebaT saxelmwifo dafinansebaze 

da, aseve, SeuZliaT kerZo Semowirulobebis miReba. yvela partiisTvis, 

romelsac saxelmwifo dafinansebis miRebis ufleba aqvs, dawesebulia 

dafinansebis sabaziso odenoba, 10 magram saxelmwifo dafinansebis 

saerTo moculoba im Sedegebzea damokidebulia, romelsac partia arCevnebSi 

aCvenebs. 

politikuri partiebis kanoni moiTxovs, rom partiebis dafinanseba gaTvaliswinebuli 

iyos yovelwliur saxelmwifo biujetSi, raTa „gaewios finansuri 

mxardaWera politikuri partiebis saqmianobas da xeli Seewyos jansa- 

Ri, konkurentunariani politikuri sistemis Camoyalibebas.“ 11 partiebs 

saxelmwifosgan dafinansebis miReba ori gziT SeuZliaT: saxelmwifo biujetidan 

pirdapiri dafinansebiT da „saarCevno sistemebis ganviTarebis, 

reformebisa da swavlebis centridan“ miRebuli saxsrebiT. centri politikuri 

partiebisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTvis gamoyofs Tanxebs, 

romlebic mxolod treningebis, konferenciebis, regionuli proeq- 


tebisa da sxva iseTi aqtivobebisTvis aris gankuTvnili, romlebic saqarTveloSi 

politikuri partiebis ganviTarebas uwyobs xels. pirdapir dafinansebas 

is partiebi iReben, romlebmac bolo saparlamento arCevnebSi 

xmebis sul mcire 4 procenti miiRes an bolo adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis 

arCevnebSi xmebis sul cota 3 procenti moagroves. pirdapiri 

dafinanseba Sedgeba fiqsirebuli sabaziso Tanxidan da damatebiTi Tanxidan, 

romelic partiis mier bolo arCevnebSi naCveneb Sedegebs Seesabameba. 

biujetidan „saarCevno sistemebis ganviTarebis, reformebisa da swavlebis 

centrSi“ gadaricxuli Tanxis odenoba im Tanxis 50 procents unda Seadgendes, 

romelic politikur partiebs pirdapir eZlevaT, da partiebze maT 

mier miRebuli pirdapiri dafinansebis proporciulad unda ganawildes. 

rac Seexeba kerZo Semowirulobebs, kanoni ar adgens im Tanxis maqsimalur 

odenobas, romlis miRebac partias mocemuli periodis ganmavlobaSi 

SeuZlia, Tumca wlis manZilze kerZo piris mier partiisTvis gadacemuli 

Semowirulobis odenoba ar unda aRematebodes 30,000 lars, iuridiuli 

piris mier gaRebuli Tanxa ki – 100,000 lars. 12 msgavsi SezRudvebi moqmedebs 

saarCevno kampaniis dros miRebul Semowirulobebzec. amasTan, politikur 

partiebs, romlebsac parlamentSi fraqcia hyavT an bolo sayovel- 

Tao arCevnebze xmebis sul cota 4 procenti miiRes, ufleba aqvT, saarCevno 

kampaniis ganmavlobaSi ufaso saeTero droiT isargeblon. 13 

2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebma mmarTvel partiasa da opoziciur jgufebs 

Soris resursebis flobis mxriv mniSvnelovani sxvaoba gamoavlina. 

saarCevno kampaniebis sajarod xelmisawvdomi finansuri angariSebis Tanaxmad, 

romlebic centralur saarCevno komisiaSi iqna wardgenili, mmarTvelma 

„nacionalurma moZraobam“ Tavis saarCevno kampaniaze 12 milioni lari 

daxarja, anu 25-jer meti, vidre opoziciuri partiebis yvelaze didma 

koaliciam – blokma „gaerTianebuli opozicia“ (480,000 lari). 14 opoziciuri 

partiebi acxadebdnen, rom xelisufleba kerZo biznesebsa da sawarmoebs 

aiZulebda, mmarTveli partiis saarCevno fondSi Semowirulobebi 

SeetanaT da, amave dros, axdenda maT darwmunebas, rom opozicias ar daxmarebodnen. 

15 opoziciuri partiebi araxelsayrel mdgomareobaSi aRmoCdnen 

imis gamoc, rom mmarTveli partia eqskluziuri wvdomiT sargeblobda 

administraciul resursebze, romlebsac xelisufleba saarCevno kampaniebis 

periodSi iyenebs. 16 amasTan erTad, „nacionalur moZraobas“ mediazec 

ufro metad miuwvdeboda xeli, vidre sxva partiebs. 17 

saqarTvelos wamyvani politikuri partiebis 2008 wlis finansurma angari- 

Sebma, romlebic „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ am angari- 

Sis momzadebis periodSi Seiswavla, aCvena, rom mmarTvelma „nacionalurma 

moZraobam“ opoziciaze bevrad didi Semowirulobebi miiRo, opoziciuri 

jgufebi ki ufro saxelmwifo dafinansebaze iyvnen damokidebulni. magali- 

Tad, 2008 wels, „nacionaluri moZraobis“ saerTo SemosavalSi saxelmwifo 

dafinansebis wili mxolod 7 procents Seadgenda, xolo opoziciuri „leiboristuli 

partiisa“ da „respublikuri partiis“ Sesabamisi monacemebi 

53 procentsa da 33 procents aRwevda. 18 sainteresoa, rom maSin, rodesac 

mmarTvelma partiam Semowirulobebi aTeulobiT biznesisgan miiRo, opo- 

2011 

159 



miRebulia 2001 wlis 2 agvistos, muxli 73 

(1). 




OSCE/ODIHR, 2008), 14. 

15 Transparency International Georgia, Georgia’s 

Electoral System: Recurrent Challenges, 

Transparency International Georgia, 2009, 10. 




17 iqve, 16. 

18 zemoT CamoTvlilma politikurma 

partiebma maTi wliuri finansuri 

angariSebi „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ TxovnisTanave miawodes. 




muxli 7. 

160 

ziciur partiebs am tipis Semowirulobebi TiTqmis ar miuRiaT (maT mier 

miRebuli Semowirulobebis ZiriTadi nawili kerZo pirebis, da ara 

kompaniebis, mier iyo gaRebuli). 

partia mTliani saxelmwifo arasaarCevno saarCevno saxelmwifo 

Semosavali dafinanseba periodSi periodSi dafinansebis 

miRebuli miRebuli wili mTlian 

Semowirulobebi Semowirulobebi SemosavalSi 

nacionaluri 27.4 mln 1.8 mln 12.4 mln 13.09 mln 6.56% 

moZraoba 

leiboristuli 0.65 mln 0.352 mln 0.0007 mln 0.283 mln 53% 

partia 

konservatiuli 0.286 mln 0.284 mln 0.0016 mln monacemebi 99.3% 

partia 

respublikuri 

xelmisawvdomi 

ar aris 

partia 0.872 mln 0.284 mln 0.006 mln 0.583 mln 32.5% 

biznesmenebs opoziciuri politikuri partiebis dafinansebis motivacias, 

savaraudod, is garemoebac umcirebs, rom opoziciuri partiebi araviTar 

gavlenas ar floben arc parlamentSi da arc sxva arCeviT organoebSi. amrigad, 

is faqti, rom opoziciuri partiebi Semowirulobebis mozidvas ver 

axerxeben, pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli saarCevno sistemis naklovanebebTan, 

romelic mmarTvel partias aSkara upiratesobas aniWebs. kerZod, 

radganac saarCevno kampaniis dros administraciuli resursebis gamoyenebis 

maregulirebeli sakanonmdeblo normebi saqarTveloSi sustia, saxelmwifo 

da mmarTveli partia erTmaneTisgan mkafiod gamijnulni ar arian, 

rac am ukanasknels mniSvnelovan upiratesobas aZlevs konkurentebTan 

SedarebiT. garda amisa, saparlamento mandatebis ganawilebis arsebuli 

sistema aseve metad xelsayrelia mmarTveli partiisTvis, romelmac 2008 

wlis arCevnebSi xmebis 59% procenti miiRo, xolo sakanonmdeblo organoSi 

adgilebis daaxloebiT 80 % moipova (sakonstitucio umravlesoba mandatebis 

or mesameds gulisxmobs). amdenad, opoziciur partiebs sakanonmdeblo 

organoSi adgilebis mniSvnelovani raodenobis mopovebis sakmaod mcire 

Sansi aqvT, rac biznesmenebs maTi saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebis stimuls 

ukargavs. 


qula: 100 

ramdenad arsebobs samarTlebrivi garantiebi, romlebic politikur 

partiebs maT saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisagan icavs? 

kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs raime mniSvnelovan xarvezs, romelic politikuri 

partiebis saqmianobaSi gareSe Zalebis Carevis SesaZleblobas Seqmnida. 

politikuri partiebis kanoni xazgasmiT acxadebs, rom saxelmwifom 

unda uzrunvelyos politikuri partiis uflebebisa da „legitimuri interesebis“ 

dacva, xolo saxelmwifo organoebsa da Tanamdebobis pirebs, 

rogorc resursebis (kanoni) Sesaxeb qveTavSi iyo aRniSnuli, partiis saqmianobaSi 

Careva ekrZalebaT kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebis garda. 19 


politikuri partiebis kanoni Seicavs garantiebs, romlebic partiebs xelisuflebis 

mier maTi TviTneburi gauqmebisgan icavs. kanonis 36-e muxlis 

mixedviT, politikuri partiis akrZalva an daSla mxolod sakonstitucio 

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT aris SesaZlebeli, xolo sasamarTlos partiis 

akrZalva mxolod im SemTxvevaSi SeuZlia, Tu is partiis ideologias- 

Tan dakavSirebul romelime SezRudvas ar daicavs, Caebmeba iseT saqmianobaSi, 

romelic konstituciis 26-e muxliT aris akrZaluli, an SeiaraRebul 

dajgufebas Seqmnis. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad Tavisufali arian politikuri partiebi praqtikaSi maT 

saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisgan? 

rogorc Cans, politikuri partiebi maT saqmianobaSi saxelmwifos pirdapiri 

Carevisagan zogadad daculni arian da bolo wlebSi saxelmwifos mier 

politikuri partiis daSlis an misi saqmianobis akrZalvis SemTxvevas 

adgili ar hqonia. amave dros, gamoiTqmis braldebebi, rom xelisuflebis 

mier partiebis aqtivistebis daSinebisa da devnis Taobaze. 

euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ 

sadamkvirveblo misiis angariSis mixedviT, romelic 2008 wlis saparlamento 

arCevnebs exeba, miuxedavad imisa, rom partiebs, zogadad, kampaniis 

warmoeba qveynis mTel teritoriaze Tavisuflad SeeZloT, saarCevno kampaniis 

ganmavlobisas „xSirad gaismoda“ opoziciuri partiebis kandidatebis 

da aqtivistebis daSinebasTan dakavSirebuli braldebebi, romelTagan 

„ramdenime“ misiam „damajereblad“ miiCnia. angariSis mixedviT, opoziciuri 

partiebis saarCevno kampaniisTvis xelis SeSla regionebSi ufro xSirad 

xdeboda. 20 misia aseve aRniSnavda, rom „arCevnebis Semdgom periodSi opoziciis 

aqtivistebze daudgeneli pirebis mxridan fizikuri Tavdasxmebis 

mTel serias hqonda adgili.“ 21 

amgvari Sereuli suraTi 2009 welsac SenarCunda. xelisuflebam opoziciur 

partiebs neba misca, Tbilisis centrSi gaemarTaT saprotesto aqciebi 

da dedaqalaqis centraluri gamziri gazafxulze da zafxulSi ramdenime 

TviT gadaeketaT, ise rom aqciebSi pirdapir ar Careula, magram, amave dros, 

adgili hqonda daudgeneli pirebis araerT Tavdasxmas opoziciis aqtivistebze. 

22 opoziciuri partiebi aseve amtkiceben, rom bevri maTi aqtivisti 

politikuri niSniT aris dapatimrebuli da maT politikur patimrebad 

moixsenieben. regionebSi mudmivad gamoiTqmis aqtivistebis daSinebasTan 

dakavSirebuli braldebebi. erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom es braldebebi „sakmarisad xSirad 

gaismis, rom maTi Seswavla Rirdes.“ 23 opoziciis aqtivistebis daSinebis Sem- 

Txvevebi kvlav dafiqsirda 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis 

arCevnebis wina periodSi. 24 saxalxo damcvelma Sinagan saqmeTa saministro 

gaakritika da aRniSna, rom man opoziciis mxardamWerebze Tavdasxmebis faqtebze 

„wayruebis politika arCia.“ 25 

161 



Observation Mission Final Report, 11-12. 

21 iqve, 13. 

22 Civil Georgia, „opozicia „TavdacviT zomebze“ 

saubrobs,“ 2009 wlis 17 aprili, http://civil.ge/ 

geo/article.php?id=20920&search= (nanaxia 


23 TbilisSi bazirebuli erT–erTi 

saerTaSoriso organizaciis xelmZRvaneli 

piris interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 2009 


24 Nina Khatiskatsi and Caitlin Ryan, Questions 

Remain After Incidents Involving Opposition 

Activists,15 October 2010 

http://www.transparency.ge/en/blog/pmestiaquestions-remain-after-incidents-involvingopposition-activistsp; 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 24 

marts). 

25 Civil Georgia, „opozicia „TavdacviT 

zomebze“ saubrobs,“ me–4 paragrafi. 




muxli 3. 



29 saarCevno kodeqsi, muxli 48. 

162 


qula: 75 

ramdenad Seicavs kanonmdebloba debulebebs, romlebic partiebisgan 

maTTan dakavSirebuli finansuri informaciis gasajaroebas moiTxovs? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba politikuri partiebis gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofas 

did yuradRebas uTmobs. kanonis mixedviT, „partiis Seqmnisa 

da saqmianobis sajarooba“ saqarTveloSi politikuri gaerTianebebis mu- 

Saobis erT-erTi fundamenturi principia. 26 

kanonis Tanaxmad, partiebis mier miRebuli Semowirulobebis Sesaxeb informacia 

sajaroa da cesko valdebulia, es informacia sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomi gaxados. 27 anonimuri Semowirulobebis miReba akrZalulia. 

amasTan erTad, kanoni adgens, rom politikurma partiebma yoveli wlis 1 

Tebervlamde beWdviT organoSi unda gamoaqveynon gasuli wlis safinanso 

angariSi auditorul daskvnasTan erTad da am ori dokumentis aslebi cesko-s 

warudginon. 28 safinanso angariSi unda Seicavdes partiis sxvadasxva 

saxis Semosavlebsa da gasavlebs, aseve mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli aqtivebis 

nusxas. arCevnebisaTvis gamoyenebuli saxsrebis Semosavlebi da gasavlebi 

angariSSi calke unda iyos naCvenebi. 

SemowirulobebTan dakavSirebuli informacia aseve sajaroa. saarCevno 

kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom cesko-m yvela dainteresebul pirs miawodos partiebis 

saarCevno fondebTan dakavSirebuli informacia da, aseve, aRniSnuli 

informaciis miRebidan 2 samuSao dRis vadaSi uzrunvelyos misi gamoqveyneba 

sakuTar veb-gverdze. 29 kanonis erTi xarvezi is aris, rom is cesko-s politikuri 

partiebis wliuri safinanso angariSebis Tavis veb-gverdze gamoqveynebas 

ar avaldebulebs (kanonimxolod cesko-s mier veb-gverdze 

saarCevno fondebis Sesaxeb angariSebis gamoqveynebas moiTxovs, rac mxolod 

gasuli Tvis saqmianobas moicavs). 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofen politikuri partiebi TavianTi finansuri 

informaciis sajaroobas? 

politikuri partiebi maTi finansebis gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli 

moTxovnebis umetesobas asruleben. isini presaSi aqveyneben safinanso angariSebsa 

da auditorul daskvnebs da, aseve, waradgenen am dokumentebis 

aslebs centralur saarCevno komisiasa da saSemosavlo samsaxurSi. amgvarad, 

partiebTan dakavSirebuli finansuri informaciiT dainteresebul 

pirebs misi miReba ori gziT SeuZliaT: maT es informacia an im beWdviTi 

organoebidan unda miiRon, sadac is gamoqveynda, an sajaro informaciis 

moTxovnis ganacxadiT unda mimarTon centralur saarCevno komisias, 

romelic valdebulia, moqalaqeebs miawodos informacia partiebis mier 

miRebuli Semowirulobebis Sesaxeb. 


qarTuli politikuri partiebi maT finansur saxsrebTan da miRebul SemowirulobebTan 

dakavSirebul informacias TavianT veb-gverdebze, rogorc 

wesi, ar aqveyneben. miuxedavad imisa, rom maT amgvari valdebuleba kanoniT 

ar ekisrebaT, aseTi nabiji kargi iqneboda imis demonstrirebisTvis, rom 

isini gamWvirvalobis principis erTgulni arian, da moqalaqeebs saWiro 

monacemebis mopovebasac gauadvilebda. cesko-s veb-gverdze warmodgenilia 

2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg partiebis mier wardgenili 

saarCevno fondebTan dakavSirebuli safinanso angariSebis aslebi, magram 

ara wliuri safinanso angariSebi, rac imas niSnavs, rom am ukanaskneli tipis 

informacia sazogadoebisTvis advilad xelmisawvdomi ar aris da moqalaqeebma 

mis misaRebad cesko-s sajaro informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadiT 

unda mimarTon. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad iTvaliswinebs kanonmdebloba politikur partiebze finansur 

zedamxedvelobas? 

politikuri partiebis kanoni mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs, romelTa 

mizani politikuri partiebis finansuri angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofaa. 

amis miuxedavad, partiebis mier wardgenili informaciis gadamowmebis 

saTanado samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi ar arsebobs. 

kanonis mixedviT, politikuri partiebisTvis Semowirulobebis gadacema 

sabanko gadaricxvis meSveobiT unda ganxorcieldes, garda kerZo pirebis 

mier gaRebuli Semowirulobebisa, romelTa odenoba 300 lars ar aRemateba. 

rogorc zemoTac iqna aRniSnuli, politikuri partiebi valdebulni 

arian, wliuri safinanso angariSebi da auditoruli daskvnebi presaSi gamoaqveynon. 

politikuri partiebis kanoni konkretulad asaxelebs, Tu ra 

tipis informacias unda Seicavdes safinanso angariSi. partiebma gamoqveynebuli 

safinanso angariSisa da auditoruli daskvnis aslebi, maTi gamoqveynebidan 

10 dRis vadaSi, aseve unda warudginon cesko-sa da sagadasaxado 

organos. 30 politikuri partia, romelic am dokumentebs droulad ar gamoaqveynebs, 

kargavs saxelmwifo dafinansebis miRebis uflebas momdevno 

erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. 31 politikuri partiebi, romlebic „saarCevno sistemebis 

ganviTarebis, reformebisa da swavlebis centridan“ saxelmwifo 

dafinansebas iReben, valdebulni arian, fonds yovelwliuri angariSebi 

warudginon, sadac detalurad iqneba aRwerili, Tu rogor daixarja miRebuli 

saxsrebi. partias, romelic aRniSnul angariSs ar waradgens, momdevno 

erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi am tipis dafinansebis miRebis ufleba SeuCerdeba. 

32 

msgavsi debulebebi moqmedebs saarCevno fondebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis 

SemTxvevaSic. 33 politikuri partia an bloki, romelic arCevnebSi 

monawileobs, valdebulia, Seqmnas saarCevno kampaniis fondi da saarCevno 

kampaniis warmoebis mizniT miRebul finansur saxsrebs Tavi erT sabanko 

163 



muxli 33. 



33 saarCevno kodeqsi, muxlebi 46-48. 




Georgia, as revised up to July 2008, adopted 

by the Council for Democratic Elections at its 

26th meeting (Venice, 18 October 2008), 21. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 42. 

164 

angariSze mouyaros. anonimuri Semowirulobebis miReba akrZalulia. partiis 

saarCevno fondis xelmZRvaneli valdebulia, arCevnebis Semdeg saar- 

Cevno administraciaSi waradginos saarCevno fondis finansuri angariSi 

da auditoruli daskvna. saarCevno kampaniis farglebSi partiis mier Tanxebis 

xarjvas zedamxedvelobas uwevs finansuri monitoringis jgufi, romelic 

centralur saarCevno komisiaSi yoveli arCevnebis win iqmneba. 

mTeli rigi xarvezebi gamovlinda kanonis im debulebebSi, romlebic saar- 

Cevno kampaniis dafinansebis Sesaxeb politikuri partiebis angariSvaldebulebas 

exeba. rogorc veneciis komisiis daskvnaSia aRniSnuli, saarCevno 

kodeqsSi gaTvaliswinebuli angariSebis yovelTviurad wardgenis moTxovna 

sakmarisi ar aris, radgan arCevnebisTvis partiebis registraciis 

vada arCevnebamde daaxloebiT erTi TviT adre iwureba. es imas niSnavs, 

rom, realurad, partiebs saarCevno kampaniis ganmavlobaSi kampaniis dafinansebis 

Sesaxeb mxolod erTi safinanso angariSis wardgena evalebaT. komisia 

am debulebis ise Secvlis rekomendacias iZleva, rom partiebi valdebulni 

gaxdnen, safinanso angariSebis wardgena arCevnebamde ufro didi 

xniT win daiwyon. komisiam aseve gamoTqva mosazreba, rom kanonma partiebs 

unda dauwesos moTxovna, rom maT arCevnebis wina periodSi wardgenil 

safinanso angariSebSi SemowirulobebTan erTad xarjebic miuTiTon, rac 

saarCevno kampaniis finansur monitorings ufro srulyofils gaxdis. 34 

angariSvaldebulebis debulebebis garkveul naklovanebebs „ekonomikuri 

TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciulma 

qselmac~ (ACN) gausva xazi da aRniSna, rom damoukidebeli auditoris 

daskvnebi, romelTa wardgena partiebs safinanso angariSebTan erTad 

yovelwliurad evalebaT, Sida kontrolis formas warmoadgens da partiis 

finansur saxsrebze saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobis Semcvleli ver iqneba. 

aRniSnulma organizaciam aRniSna, rom partiebis mier arsebuli wesebis 

dacvaze saxelmwifo monitoringis samarTlebrivi meqanizmis ararsebobis 

gamo, mTeli sistema arasrulyofilia, radgan cesko-s amJamad am rolis 

Sesasruleblad saWiro mandati ar aqvs. 35 


qula: 50 

ramdenad xorcieldeba politikuri partiebis finansuri saqmianobis 

zedamxedveloba praqtikaSi? 

arsebuli sistema, romlis mixedviT politikur partiebze finansur zedamxedvelobas 

ZiriTadad cesko axorcielebs, nawilobriv efeqtiania, magram 

mis qmediTobas auditisa da gadamowmebis meqanizmebis sisuste amcirebs. 

saqarTvelos ZiriTadi politikuri partiebi, kanonis moTxovnebis dacviT, 

safinanso angariSebsa da auditorul daskvnebs presaSi aqveyneben da am 

dokumentebis aslebs centralur saarCevno komisias ugzavnian. amis miuxedavad, 

ar arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic wardgenili dokumentebis sizustesa 

da sandoobas uzrunvelyofs. 


levan TarxniSvilma, romelic 2007-2009 wlebSi cesko-s Tavmjdomare iyo, 

aRniSna, rom arCevnebs Soris periodSi partiebis finansur sakiTxebze monitoringis 

arsebuli meqanizmebis sisuste SeSfoTebas iwvevs. kerZod, man 

daadastura, rom partiebi wliur safinanso angariSebsa da da auditorul 

daskvnebs cesko-Si droulad waradgenen, magram, amave dros, xazgasmiT aRniSna, 

rom cesko-s maTi sizustis gadasamowmeblad Zalze SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi 

aqvs. magaliTad, man aRniSna, rom cesko-sTvis praqtikulad 

SeuZlebelia imis Semowmeba, partiis mier miRebuli Semowirulobebi namdvilad 

partiis safinanso angariSSi dasaxelebulma kerZo pirebma gaiRes 

Tu ara. man aseve aRniSna, rom saqarTveloSi moqmedi auditorTa saqmianobis 

maregulirebeli kanonebi Zalze liberaluria da auditoruli firmis 

gaxsna nebismier pirs Zalze advilad SeuZlia, rac politikuri partiebis 

mier wardgenili auditoruli daskvnebis xarisxsa da sandoobas eWvqveS 

ayenebs. 36 2011 wels Catarebulma erT-erTma Jurnalisturma gamoZiebam 

aCvena, rom mmarTveli partiis mier wardgenil wliur angariSSi, SesaZloa, 

Semowirulobebis Sesaxeb arazusti informacia yofiliyo miTiTebuli. 

37 

euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis~ 

sadamkvirveblo misiam arsebul sistemaSi, romelmac saarCevno kampaniis 

ganmavlobaSi politikuri partiebis angariSvaldebuleba unda uzrunvelyos, 

kidev erTi problema aRmoaCina. 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisTvis 

mobilizebuli Taxnebis didi nawilis SemTxvevaSi, partiebi Tavdapirveli 

donorebis vinaobas ar asaxelebdnen da angariSebSi acxadebdnen, 

rom Tanxebi partiis wevrebisgan iyo moziduli. 38 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad arsebobs kanonis normebi, romlebic politikuri partiebis 

demokratiul Sida marTvas uzrunvelyofs? 

sakanonmdeblo normebi, romlebic politikuri partiebis demokratiul 

marTvas exeba, sakmaod SezRudulia. politikuri partiebis kanonis me-17 

muxlis Tanaxmad, yvela partia valdebulia, sul mcire oTx weliwadSi erTxel 

gamarTos partiis wevrTa saerTo yriloba. aseT yrilobas an partiis 

yvela wevri unda daeswros an partiis wevrTa mier arCeuli aranakleb 200 

warmomadgeneli, rac TiToeuli partiis wesdebazea damokidebuli. yrilobam 

unda airCios partiis xelmZRvaneloba, aseve partiis aRmasrulebeli 

da sazedamxedvelo organoebis wevrebi. 

amis miuxedavad, arc politikuri partiebis kanoni da arc saarCevno kodeqsi 

ar Seicavs politikuri partiebis mier kandidatTa SerCevis wesebs. saar- 

Cevno kodeqsis 96-e muxli acxadebs, rom politikurma partiebma da saar- 

Cevno blokebma, romlebic saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileoben, kandidatTa 

partiuli siis Sedgenis sakuTari wesebi unda SeimuSaon. amgvarad, 

kanoni kandidatebis demokratiuli monawileobis procesiT SerCevas ar 

uzrunvelyofs. 

165 

36 levan TarxniSvili, cesko-s Tavmjdomare. 


noemberi. 

37 maia wiklauri, Tamar faradaSvili, 

`nacionaluri xarki~, Jurnali „liberali,“ 

2011 wlis 26 Tebervali, 

http://www.liberali.ge/natsionaluri-kharki 




Observation Mission Final Report, 14, 30. 




muxli 17. 

40 Transparency International Georgia, Political 

Parties in Georgia: Issues of Party Financing, 

Transparency International Georgia, 2007, 1. 

41 Ghia Nodia and Alvaro Pinto Scholtbach, The 

Political Landscape of Georgia, (Delft, the 

Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers, 

2006), 153-165. 

42 gia nodias, „mSvidobis, demokratiisa da 



Tbilisi, 2009 wlis 30 oqtomberi. 

43 Nodia and Scholtbach, The Political Landscape 

of Georgia, 158-160. 

166 

politikuri partiebis kanoni 39 acxadebs, rom partiis wesdeba miRebul unda 

iqnes partiis wevrTa saerTo yrilobis mier da masSi damatebebis Setana 

SesaZlebelia momdevno yrilobebze. amis miuxedavad, kanonmdeblobaSi ar 

arsebobs normebi, romlebic saarCevno programebis miRebis wesebs adgens. 


qula: 25 

ramdenad aqvT politikur partiebs demokratiuli Sida marTvis qmedi- 

Ti meqanizmebi? 

qarTul politikur partiebs demokratiuli Sida marTvis qmediTi meqanizmebi 

ar gaaCniaT. amis nacvlad, isini, rogorc wesi, „personebze orientirebuli“ 

40 organizaciebi arian, anu calkeuli popularuli liderebis irgvliv 

yalibdebian da viTardebian. es Zalze did gavlenas axdens partiebis 

Sida marTvis stilze da maT unarze, SeinarCunon mdgradoba liderebisgan 

damoukideblad. 

2006 wels Catarebulma wamyvani qarTuli partiebis saqmianobis kvlevam 

daadgina, rom partiebi demokratiuli Sida marTvis sakiTxs gansakuTrebiT 

did mniSvnelobas ar aniWeben. yvela partiaSi arsebobs liderebis arCevis 

demokratiuli procedurebi, magram, praqtikaSi, es procesi iSviaTad efuZneba 

inkluziurobisa da monawileobis principebs, radgan Sida partiuli 

arCevnebi mxolod ukve arsebuli liderebisTvis garkveuli gare legitimurobis 

miniWebas emsaxureba. partiis rigiTi wevrebi da aqtivistebi partiis 

liderebis SerCevaSi umniSvnelo rols asruleben, xolo maTi roli 

partiis programis, dRis wesrigisa da politikis CamoyalibebaSi aseve 

SezRudulia. partiis wevrebi arc saparlamento arCevnebisTvis kandidatebis 

SerCevaSi iReben monawileobas. 41 rogorc erT-erTma eqspertma „saer- 

TaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, qarTuli politikuri 

partiebis umravlesoba bunebiT „avtoritarulia“ da maT mier Catarebuli 

Sida arCevnebi mxolod piar-xerxi da formalobaa, romelic miznad maTi 

liderebis garkveuli legitimurobiT aRWurvas isaxavs. man aRniSna, rom 

qarTuli politikuri partiebi liderebis mimarT pirovnuli erTgulebis 

princips efuZneba da, Sesabamisad, namdvili Sida demokratia safrTxed 

aRiqmeba, radganac partiaSi arasando pirebis SeRwevis SesaZleblobas 

qmnis. 42 

Sida demokratiis ararsebobis erT-erTi TvalsaCino Sedegi is aris, rom 

qarTul politikur partiebSi xelmZRvanelobis cvla iSviaTad xdeba, 

arCevnebSi gancdili mniSvnelovani warumateblobis Semdegac ki. 

rac Seexeba dadebiT mxares, partiis rigiT wevrebsa da aqtivistebs meti 

gavlena aqvT partiis adgilobrivi organizaciebis xelmZRvanelebisa da 

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze warsadgeni kandidatebis Ser- 

Cevisas. 43 


2011 

roli: interesebis agregacia da reprezentacia (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad axerxeben politikuri partiebi socialur interesTa gaerTianebas 

da maT politikur sferoSi warmodgenas? 

qarTul politikur partiebs gansakuTrebiT uWirT, mkafio politikuri 

platformebis SemuSaveba, romlebic amomrCevelTa interesebs exmaureba,. 

2008 wlis „bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsis“ angariSSi aRniSnulia, 

rom saqarTveloSi „ar arsebobs politikuri partiebis sistema, romelsac 

socialuri interesebis agregacia da reprezentacia SeuZlia“ da rom „qar- 

Tuli partiebi ver axerxeben, Seasrulon Suamavlis roli saxelmwifosa 

da sazogadoebas Soris.“ 44 imave angariSSi xazgasmiT iyo aRniSnuli, rom 

mmarTvel partiasac ki, romelsac dominanturi mdgomareoba uWiravs, ar 

gaaCnia srulfasovani struqtura, romelic qveynis yvela raions moicavs. 45 

organizaciis Freedom House angariSis mixedviT, saqarTvelos partiuli 

sistemis „mTavari gamowveva is aris, rom ar arseboben Zlieri da stabiluri 

partiebi, romlebsac gansxvavebuli platformebis gamoxatva SeuZliaT. 

gavleniani partiebis umetesoba mxolod maTi liderebisTvis mxardaWeris 

uzrunvelyofis meqanizmia.“ 46 

erT-erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, ganacxada, rom qarTuli politikuri partiebis uunaroba, 

aerTianebdnen da politikur asparezze warmoadgendnen socialur interesebs, 

SeiZleba, garkveulwilad, qveyanaSi interesTa gamoxatvis meqanizmebis 

sisustes mieweros. man ganmarta, rom ufro Zlieri moqalaqeTa gaerTianebebis, 

profesiuli kavSirebisa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis sxva jgufebis 

arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, qarTul politikur partiebs gauadvildebodaT 

im interesTa identificireba, romlebsac Semdgom mxars dauWerdnen. amis 

gamo, isini ufro maTi lideris an liderTa mcire jgufis interesebs gamoxataven. 

partiebi zogjer samoqalaqo sazogadoebis jgufebTan TanamSromloben, 

rac, Cveulebriv, konkretul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT xelisuflebis 

winaaRmdeg erToblivi moqmedebis mizniT xdeba. Tumca es TanamSromloba 

didad ar aZlierebs partiaTa SesaZleblobas, gaaerTianon da warmoadginon 

socialuri interesebi, radgan qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi 

Tavad ganicdian farTo socialuri bazis naklebobas. 47 

bolodroindelma kvlevebma aCvena, rom farTo sazogadoebaSi partiebis 

legitimaciis done sakmaod dabalia. magaliTad, 2011 wels „saerTaSoriso 

respublikuri institutis“ mier Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, politikuri 

partiebis Sesaxeb dadebiTi azri mxolod respondentTa 34 procents 

hqonda, xolo 49 procenti maTdami uaryofiTad iyo ganwyobili. kiTxvarSi 

CamoTvlili 17 sxvadasxva sazogadoebrivi institutidan sazogadoebis 

ndobis kuTxiT politikuri partiebi mxolod me-16 adgilze iyvnen 

da maT Sesaxeb dadebiTi azri gamokiTxulTa mxolod 38 procents hqonda. 48 

amis gamo, qarTveli politikosebi partiul kuTvnilebas xSirad xelisSem- 

Slel faqtorad miiCneven da opoziciis zogi cnobili lideri (maT Soris, 

2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebSi opoziciis mTavari kandidati) upartioa. 

167 


Country Report, Gutersloh: Bertelsmann 

Stiftung, 2007, 2, 10. 

45 iqve, 19. 

46 Freedom House. Nations in Transit – Georgia 

(2008) 


arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa socialuri 

bazis nakleboba ufro dawvrilebiT 

ganxilulia am angariSis samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis Sesaxeb TavSi. 

48 International Republican Institute, Georgian 

National Study, April 26 – May 4 2011, 

(International Republican Institute, Baltic 

Surveys Ltd./The Gallup Organization, The 

Institute of Polling and Marketing with funding 

from the United States Agency for International 

Development), 57. 


49 gaerTianebuli nacionaluri moZraoba, 

„saqme laparakis nacvlad: gaerTianebuli 

nacionaluri moZraobis saarCevno 

programa,“ 4. http://cec.gov.ge/uploads/ 

saparlamento2008/partiebisprogramebi/ 

N5.pdf (nanaxia 2009 wlis 26 noembers). 

50 politikuri partiebis mier 2008 wlis 

saparlamento arCevnebisTvis momzadebuli 

saarCevno programebi ganTavsebulia 

centraluri saarCevno komisiis vebgverdze: 

http://cec.gov.ge/?que=geo/ 

archive/elections-2008&info=3792 (nanaxia 



168 

roli: korufciis winaaRmdeg brZola (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad uTmoben politikuri partiebi saTanado yuradRebas sajaro 

dawesebulebebis angariSvaldebulebasa da korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolas? 

bolo saparlamento arCevnebis dros, korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolas 

mniSvnelovani adgili ar eTmoboda wamyvani qarTuli partiebis saarCevno 

kampaniaSi. 

mmarTveli „nacionaluri moZraobis“ saarCevno programaSi korufcia mxolod 

erTxel iyo naxsenebi da naTqvami iyo, rom partia gaagrZelebda „korufciasTan 

brZolas da sajaro samsaxuris profesionalizmsa da Rirsebaze 

damyarebuli sistemis Seqmnas.“ 49 „leiboristuli partiisa“ da „qristiandemokratiuli 

moZraobis“ saarCevno programebSi korufcia naxsenebi saer- 

Tod ar iyo. korufcias mniSvnelovan yuradRebas mxolod „respublikuri 

partiis“ saarCevno programa uTmobda, romelSic sawarmoebis privativazia 

gamoyofili iyo, rogorc problemuri sfero. 50 

is garemoeba, rom korufcias ZiriTadi qarTuli politikuri partiebis 

saarCevno programebSi didi yuradReba ar eTmoba, SesaZloa, imiT iyos 

gamowveuli, rom korufcia qveynis winaSe mdgar erT-erT yvelaze aqtualur 

problemad da saerTo SeSfoTebis sagnad aRar miiCneva. radgan policiasa 

da sxvadasxva sajaro uwyebebTan dakavSirebuli yoveldRiuri korufciis 

faqtebi didwilad aRmoifxvra, saSualo moqalaqe am sakiTxs did 

yuradRebas aRar aqcevs da samoqalaqo sazogadoeba, Jurnalistebi da politikuri 

partiebi ver axerxeben sazogadoebis darwmunebas imaSi, rom korufcia 

kvlavac aqtualuri problemaa. rogorc erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, imis miuxedavad, 

rom opoziciuri partiebi da maTi liderebi xandaxan „elitur korufciaze“ 

saubroben, isini am sakiTxs detalurad iSviaTad ganixilaven da did dros 

ar uTmoben, radgan am tipis korufciis aRmoCena da Sesabamis masalebis 

mogroveba rTulia. 51 


2011 

reziume 

kvlevis Tanaxmad, arsebuli kanonmdebloba araviTar dabrkolebas ar 

qmnis samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis registraciisa da funqcionirebis 

mxriv. Tumca, praqtikaSi, qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebi TiTqmis mTlianad damokidebulni arian ucxoeli donorebis 

dafinansebaze, xolo mTavrobis, adgilobrivi biznesisa da sakuTari 

wevrebisgan finansur mxardaWeras ar iReben. samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis angariSvaldebulebisa da gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelmyofi 

meqanizmebi sustia, xolo keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelmyofi meqanizmebi 

(magaliTad,seqtoris saerTo qcevis kodeqsi) faqtobrivad ar arsebobs. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis mier mTavrobis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofisa da mTavrobis politikis formulirebaze gavlenis 

moxdenis SesaZlebloba SezRudulia rogorc samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

Sida naklovanebebis (kvalificirebuli profesionalebisa da farTo 

socialuri sayrdenis nakleboba), ise im zogadi politikuri garemos gamo, 

romelSic isini moqmedeben. 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi warmodgenili qulebiT Sefasebulia samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da misi roli saqarTvelos 

antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia Ti- 

Toeuli maCveneblis Tvisebrivi Sefaseba. 





marTva gamWvirvaloba — 50 

33/100 angariSvaldebuleba — 25 

10. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba 

keTilsindisiereba 25 

roli xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis 

25/100 uzrunvelyofa — 25 

politikis reformaSi monawileoba — 25 

169




Index (2010), Tbilisi, Georgia, 22. 

2 saqarTvelos finansTa saministros veb– 

gverdi, saqvelmoqmedo organizaciaTa 

reestri, http://mof.ge/2328 [mxolod 

qarTul enaze], nanaxia 2011 wlis 7 aprils. 

3 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, muxli 

39. 

4 USAID, 2008 NGO Sustainability Index for 

Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia 

(Washington: U.S. Agency for International 

Development, Bureau for Europe and Eurasia, 

Office of Democracy, Governance and Social 

Transition, 2009), 108; aseve, Freedom House, 

Nations in Transit: Georgia (2008), 

http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm? 

page=47&nit=452&year=2008 (nanaxia 2009 

wlis 8 dekembers). 




Assessment Tool Report for Georgia (Tbilisi: 

Centre for Training and Consultancy, 2005), 

43. 


wlis 24 agvistos, muxli 24, 1-li punqti. 

170 


saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 10 000 registrirebuli arasamTavrobo organizaciaa, 

Tumca realurad maTi meaTedic ki ar funqcionirebs. 1 qveyanaSi 

62 registrirebuli saqvelmoqmedo organizaciaa, romelTac ufleba aqvT, 

daubegravi Semowirulobebi miiRon da maTi umetesoba realurad eweva 

saqmianobas. 2 samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi „arasamewarmeo iuridiuli 

pirebis“ kategorias ganekuTvnebian, Tumca kanoni araregistrirebuli 

kavSirebis funqcionirebis SesaZleblobasac iTvaliswinebs. 3 samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis registracia iusticiis saministros 

daqvemdebarebaSi myof sajaro reestrSi xdeba, xolo saqvelmoqmedo 

organizaciebis registracias finansTa saministro awarmoebs. grantebis 

didi nawilia gadasaxadebisgan Tavisufalia, Tumca samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebi TanamSromelTa xelfasebze saSemosavlo gadasaxads 

imave odenobiT ixdian, rogorc samewarmeo pirebi (20 procenti). 

yvelaze didi da aqtiuri arasamTavrobo organizaciebi TbilisSi arian 

koncentrirebuli, xolo regionebSi moqmedi organizaciebis siZliere 

gacilebiT naklebia. 

Sefaseba 


qula: 75 

ramdenad qmnis kanonmdebloba xelsayrel garemos samoqalaqo sazogadoebisTvis? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

funqcionirebis mxriv raime mniSvnelovan dabrkolebebs ar qmnis. kanonmdeblobis 

zogierTi nawili sakmaod progresulia: kanoni organizaciebis 

registraciisa da saqmianobis martiv procedurebs adgens 4 da qmnis „sazogadoebrivi 

gaerTianebebis Seqmnis TavisuflebiT sargeblobis myar samarTlebriv 

safuZvels,“ romelic araviTar SezRudvebs ar iTvaliswinebs 

advokatirebisa da mTavrobis kritikis mxriv. 5 Tumca, miuxedavad imisa, 

rom kanonmdebloba arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTvis resursebis xelmisawvdomobas 

ar zRudavs, is arc maTTvis saqvelmoqmedo Semowirulobebis 

waxalisebas axdens, gansakuTrebiT kerZo pirebisgan. 

sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebebis Seqmnisa da maTSi gawverianebis ufleba 

konstituciiT aris garantirebuli, 6 aseTi organizaciebis dafuZnebisa 

da registraciis konkretuli wesebi ki samoqalaqo kodeqsSia Camoyalibebuli. 

samoqalaqo kodeqsis mixedviT, samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi 

arasamewarmeo iuridiuli pirebis kategorias ganekuTvnebian. maT registracias 

sajaro reestri axdens. rodesac organizacia sajaro reestrs 


egistraciis Sesaxeb gancxadebiT mimarTavs, sajaro reestri valdebulia, 

imave dRes miiRos gadawyvetileba registraciis ganacxadis dakmayofilebis 

an masze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb. registraciis safasuri 100 lars 

Seadgens. registraciaze uari dasabuTebuli unda iyos da misi gasaCivreba 

SesaZlebelia sasamarTloSi. 7 kodeqsi aseve iTvaliswinebs araregistrirebuli 

samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis funqcionirebas. 8 samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebis registraciis saqarTveloSi 

arsebul procedurebi „martivad da iafad“ miiCneva. 9 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT, samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi 

mTeli rigi sagadasaxado SeRavaTebiT sargebloben. miuxedavad imisa, 

rom maT mier komerciuli saqmianobidan miRebuli mogeba saerTo wesebiT 

ibegreba, arakomerciuli saqmianobidan miRebuli fuladi saxsrebi, rogoricaa 

grantebi, Semowirulobebi da sawevro Senatanebi, mogebis gadasaxadisgan 

gaTavisuflebulia (Tumca am saxsrebiT gadaxdili xelfasebi 

ibegreba), xolo sagranto xelSekrulebis farglebSi importirebuli saqoneli 

damatebiTi Rirebulebis gadasaxadiT ar ibegreba. samoqalaqo– 

sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi aseve gaTavisuflebulni arian qonebis 

gadasaxadisgan, Tu qoneba ekonomikuri saqmianobisTvis ar gamoiyeneba. 10 

2010 wlis seqtemberSi miRebul sagadasaxado kodeqsSi ar SenarCunda 

pozitiuri diskriminaciis is sagadasaxado reJimi, romliTac samoqalaqosazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebi manamde sargeblobdnen da romlis mixedviT 

komerciuli iuridiuli pirebi 20-procentian, xolo samoqalaqosazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebi 12-procentian saSemosavlo gadasaxads ixdidnen. 

2011 wlidan samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi xelfasebze 

20-procentian saSemosavlo gadasaxads ixdian. saSemosavlo gadasaxadis 

aRniSnuli zrda sagadasaxado kodeqsSi 1997 wlidan iyo gaTvaliswinebuli 

da amdenad resursebis xelmisawvdomobis SezRudvis mcdelobad 

ar unda iqnes miCneuli. 2011-2014 wlebSi gaTvaliswinebulia am 

ganakveTis etapobrivi Semcireba 15 procentamde. mosalodnelia, rom samoqalaqo-sazogadoebis 

organizaciebi damatebiTi Rirebulebis gadasaxadis 

gadaxdis valdebulebisgan kvlav Tavisufali iqnebian da grantebic 

kvlavindeburad ar daibegreba. 11 

kanonis is debulebebi, romlebic biznes-organizaciebis da qvelmoqmedi 

kerZo pirebis mier daubegravi Semowirulobebis ganxorcielebas exeba, 

amomwuravi ar aris. imisTvis, rom samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivma organizaciam 

daubegravi Semowirulobebi miiRos, is saqvelmoqmedo organizaciad 

unda iyos daregistrirebuli, xolo im biznes-organizaciebs, romlebic 

aseT Semowirulobebs gascemen, maTi mTliani saSemosavlo gadasaxadis 

mxolod 10 procentamde Semcireba SeuZliaT moiTxovon, rac wina sagadasaxado 

kodeqsTan SedarebiT 2 procentiT metia. 12 mniSvnelovania, rom 

ar arsebobs debulebebi, romlebic kerZo pirebs daubegravi Semowirulobebis 

gaRebis SesaZleblobas miscems. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kanonmdebloba samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis 

finansur saqmianobas araviTar mniSvnelovan dabrkolebas ar 

2011 

171 

7 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 1997 wlis 26 ivniss, muxlebi 

29-31. 





Assessment Tool Report for Georgia, 47. 

10 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 2010 wlis 17 seqtembers, muxli 

99. 


12 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi, muxli 

117. 

10. samoqalaqo sazogadoeba

13 East West Management Institute, 31 March 

2011. Assessing the Sustainability of Georgian 

NGOs, http://www.ewmi-gpac.org/en/news/ 

1-news/150-2011-04-07-13-24-38 (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 8 aprils). 

172 

uqmnis, is arc gansakuTrebul daxmarebas ar sTavazobs mesame seqtors 

finansuri damoukideblobis misaRwevad, gansakuTrebiT gadasaxadebisgan 

gaTavisuflebis kuTxiT. miuxedavad imisa, rom ucxouri wyaroebidan miRebul 

dafinansebaze SeRavaTiani sagadasaxado reJimi vrceldeba, Sida 

qvelmoqmedebis mastimulirebeli faqtorebi sustia. „arakomerciuli kanonmdeblobis 

saerTaSoriso centris“ (ICNL) daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom 

„saSemosavlo gadasaxadis Semcirebis debulebis miuxedavad, rogorc Cans, 

arsebobs mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo barierebi, romlebic qvelmoqmedebas 

biznesisTvis Zvir da riskian saqmianobad aqcevs da, Sesabamisad, kerZo 

qvelmoqmedebis arasamTavrobo organizaciebis dafinansebis stabilur 

wyarod Camoyalibebas xels uSlis.“ aseve ar arsebobs sakanonmdeblo normebi, 

romlebic xels Seuwyobs socialuri sawarmoebis an saTemo interesis 

kompaniebis saqmianobas, romlebic sazogadoebrivi interesebis dasakmayofileblad 

mogebis dabali marJiT muSaoben. ICNL-is winaswarma kvlevam 

aseve aCvena, rom qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, romelTac fasiani 

momsaxurebis gaweva surT, SeiZleba ufro naklebad xelsayrel sagadasaxado 

reJimSi aRmoCdnen, vidre mcire sawarmoebi, da rom arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis saqmianobis am sferosTan dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo 

baza sakmarisad mkafio ar aris. 13 


qula: 25 

ramdenad aqvT samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs efeqtiani saqmianobisTvis 

saWiro finansuri da adamianuri resursebi? 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis dafinansebis wyaroebi 

sakmarisad diversificirebuli ar aris. isini TiTqmis mTlianad ucxoeli 

donorebis daxmarebaze arian damokidebuli, radganac saxelmwifo saxsrebi 

maTTvis parqtikulad xelmiuwvdomelia, xolo korporatiuli da 

individualuri qvelmoqmedeba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

umetesobisTvis Semosavlis potenciur wyarod jer ar qceula. aseve 

iSviaTia organizaciis mxardamWerebis an wevrebis Semowirulobebi. arasa- 

Tanado dafinansebis gamo, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mraval organizacias 

kvalificiuri kadrebis SenarCuneba/gadamzadeba da sakuTari prioritetebis 

dasaxva uWirs. amave dros, dafinansebisa da adamianuri resursebis 

xelmisawvdomobis mxriv didi gansxvavebaa regionul da dedaqalaqSi momuSave 

organizaciebs Soris. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi didwilad ucxoeli donorebis 

dafinansebaze arian damokidebuli. USAID-is 2009 wlis kvlevis angariSis 

mixedviT, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi dafinansebis 95 procents ucxoeli 

donorebisgan iReben. Tumca rogorc sxva ramdenime bolodroindeli 

kvleva aCvenebs, imis miuxedavad, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciebi TviTkmarni 

sulac ar arian, bevrma maTganma warmatebiT moaxdina dafinansebis 

wyaroebis diversificireba. magaliTad, erT-erTi kvlevis mixedviT, romelic 

saqarTveloSi moqmed 100 samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv organizacias 


moicavda, kvlevis monawile organizaciebis 55 procenti dafinansebis 70 

an met procents ucxoeli donorebisgan iRebda, magram 41 procenti Tavisi 

biujetis naxevars an naxevarze mets sxva wyaroebidan avsebda. 14 2010 wlis 

kidev erTma kvlevam, romelic 287 arasamTavrobo organizacias moicavda, 

aCvena, rom 2005 wlis Semdeg am organizaciebis finansuri resursebi gaizarda, 

rac metwilad regionebSi momuSave organizaciebis xarjze moxda. 15 

amis miuxedavad, imave 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi TbilisSi moqmedma arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebma mainc regionebSi momuSave organizaciebze 2.5-jer 

meti proeqti ganaxorcieles. 16 donorebis dafinansebaze TiTqmis sruli 

damokidebuleba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs sakuTar prioritetebze 

aqcentirebas urTulebs. TanamSromlebis SesanarCuneblad da 

saoperacio saxsrebis mosapoveblad maT xandaxan iseT sakiTxebze uwevT 

muSaoba, romlebic maTi kompetenciis sferos scildeba. 17 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis mier (ucxoeli donorebis garda) 

Semosavlis sxva wyaroebidan miRebis kuTxiT arsebuli mdgomareoba 

araerTgvarovania. gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom qveyanaSi samTavrobo grantebi 

da kerZo qvelmoqmedeba „TiTqmis ar arsebobs.“ 18 miuxedavad imisa, 

rom, 2010 wlis erT-erTi kvlevis Tanaxmad, samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebis mier saxelmwifosgan miRebuli Semosavali (grantebisa da 

momsaxurebis kontraqtebis saxiT) 2005-2010 wlebSi mcirediT gaizarda, 

sxva kvlevam aCvena, rom 101 gamokvleuli organizaciidan saxelmwifo dafinanseba 

mxolod samma miiRo, xolo saxelmwifo Sesyidvebidan Semosavlis 

miReba mxolod cametma SesZlo. 19 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis biujetebSi sawevro Senatanebis 

wilma 2005-2010 wlebSi, rogorc Cans, iklo. 20 2005 wels gamokvleuli 

organizaciebidan sawevro Senatanebi mxolod mesameds hqonda dawesebuli, 

magram organizaciebis umravlesobaSi am wyarodan miRebuli saxsrebi 

maTi mTliani Semosavlis 5 procents ar aWarbebda. 21 im organizaciebSi, 

romelTac Semosavlis miReba samewarmeo saqmianobiT SeuZliaT, aseTi dafinanseba 

maTi wliuri biujetis mxolod 12 procents Seadgens. im arasam- 

Tavrobo organizaciebis umetesoba, romlebic amas axerxeben, TbilisSi 

funqcionirebs. 22 

kerZo biznesisgan miRebuli Semowirulobebi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis alternatiuli Semosavlis (anu, iseTi Semosavlis, romelic 

ucxoeli donorebisgan ar aris miRebuli) yvelaze iSviaTi wyaroa. 

biznes-organizaciis Semowiruloba 2010 wels gamokvleuli samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis mxolod 5 procents hqonda miRebuli. 23 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs saqarTveloSi ekonomikuri saqmianoba 

ar ekrZalebaT. erT-erTi kvlevis Tanaxmad, 2005-2008 wlebSi 

samewarmeo saqmianobaSi Cabmuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis ricxvi 

„TvalSisacemad gaizarda“ da aseTi organizaciebis erTi mexuTedi raime 

saxis samewarmeo saqmianobas eweoda, 24 Tumca aseTi saqmianobis masStabi 

da Semosavlebis odenoba jer kidev Zalze SezRudulia. saqarTveloSi 

arsebul SedarebiT msxvil arasamTavrobo organizaciebs Semosavlis 

2011 

173 

14 CIVICUS 2010 

15 Center for Strategic Research and 

Development, Civil Society Organizations in 

Georgia – Dynamics and Trends of 

Development – 2010 [in Georgian with English 

summary], 14. 





summary], 8. 

17 CIVICUS 2010, 30. 


Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia, 110. 

19 Civil Society Institute, Georgian Not for Profit 

Legislation: Challenges and Perspectives 

(2007),13. 





summary], 14. 









summary], 14. 









summary], 15. 




26 Civil Society Institute, Georgian Not for Profit 

Legislation: Challenges and Perspectives, 25. 

27 FRIDE, Assessing Democracy Assistance: 

Georgia (2010), 2, www.fride.org/ 

publication/779/georgia. 




Assessment Tool Report for Georgia, 30 

(footnote). 


Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia,109. 





summary], 13. 


(2008). 

32 iqve. 








Index, 29. 

174 

miRebis mizniT ekonomikuri saqmianobis warmoeba imis gamo uZneldebaT, 

rom gadasaxadebisgan gaTavisuflebulni ar arian. regionebSi momuSave 

organizaciebi TandaTan acnobiereben, rom servisebis pirdapir miwodebiT 

Semosavlis miReba SeuZliaT, magram savaraudod maTi umravlesobis- 

Tvis aseTi saqmianoba Semosavlis mniSvnelovan wyarod ver iqceva, radgan 

amas xels uSlis mosaxleobis Semosavlebis dabali done da sayovelTaod 

gavrcelebuli mosazreba, rom arasamTavrobo organizaciam sazogadoebas 

servisi ufasod unda miawodos. 25 rodesac samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi 

komerciul operaciebs axorcieleben, es metwilad araoficialurad 

xdeba, radgan gadasaxadebis deklarirebas Zalze arTulebs is 

garemoeba, rom maT ar ician, arapirdapiri xarjebi samewarmeo saqmianobad 

unda CaTvalon Tu arasamewarmeod. 26 

adamianuri resursebis TvalsazrisiT, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs 

jer srulad ar dauZleviaT kadrebis gadinebis Sedegebi, romelic 

am organizaciebSi 2004 wlis Semdeg moxda, rodesac samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

bevrma liderma postrevoluciur xelisuflebaSi Tanamdebobebi 

daikava (axali ministrTa kabinetis 11 ministridan 9 arasamTavrobo organizaciis 

yofili warmomadgeneli iyo), xolo donorebma dafinanseba samoqalaqo 

seqtoris nacvlad saxelmwifos pirdapiri mxardaWerisken mimar- 

Tes. 27 amasTan erTad, sajaro seqtorSi xelfasebis matebisa da kerZo seqtorSi 

dasaqmebis SesaZleblobebis zrdis gamo, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebi kvalificiuri profesionalebisTvis mimzidvel dawesebulebebs 

aRar warmoadgenen. 28 TandaTan izrdeba gansxvaveba did da ufro 

profesionalur samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv organizaciebsa da mcire da 

instituciurad sust organizaciebs Soris. gamoiTqmis mosazreba, rom organizaciebis 

umetesobas „kvalificiuri da profesionali TanamSromlebis“ 

SenarCuneba sul ufro da ufro uWirs; 29 marTlac, erT-erTma kvlevam 

aCvena, rom gamokvleuli organizaciebis mesameds mudmiv xelfasze dasaqmebuli 

erTi TanamSromelic ar hyavda. 30 samoqalaqo sazogadoebis is organizaciebi, 

romlebic Tbilisis gareT funqcionireben dedaqalaqSi bazirebul 

organizaciebs bevrad CamorCebian maTi SesaZleblobebis mxriv, 31 

rac gamowveulia rogorc donorebis dafinansebis naklebi xelmisawvdomobiT, 

ise kvalificirebuli kadrebis gadinebiT regionebidan TbilisSi. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organiziaciebis moxaliseebisa da wevrebis ricxvi 

mcirea. 2008 wlis angariSis, `gardamaval etapze myofi qveynebi,“ mixedviT, 

„moxaliseoba sustad aris ganviTarebuli da warmatebuli saTemo 

organizaciebis ricxvi mcirea.“ 32 Sedegad, saqarTveloSi wevrobaze an 

mxardamWerTa dafinansebaze dafuZnebuli samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebi cotaa. 33 erT-erT kvleviT angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis 33 procents moxaliseebi saerTod 

ar hyavs. es ricxvic realurad kidev ufro didia, radganac „samoqalaqo– 

sazogadoebriv organizaciebs termini „moxaliseoba“ yovelTvis sworad 

ar esmiT da xSirad maTi „moxaliseebi“ sinamdvileSi proeqtis beneficiarebi 

arian.“ 34 


2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad arsebobs sakanonmdeblo garantiebi, romlebic samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebs maT saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisagan 

icavs? 

sakanonmdeblo baza, romelic saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis funqcionirebas aregulirebs, zogadad saTanadod icavs 

am organizaciebs maT saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisgan. sazogadoebrivi 

gaerTianebebis Seqmnis ufleba konstituciiT aris garantirebuli, 

samoqalaqo kodeqsi ki ramdenime damatebiT garantias Seicavs. saqarTvelos 

arasamTavrobo gaerTianebebs SeuZliaT, saxelmwifos kontrolis 

gareSe ifunqcioniron da daculni arian saxelmwifos mier maTi politikurad 

motivirebuli an TviTneburi gauqmebisgan. 35 gaerTianebebis Seqmnis 

Tavisufleba efeqtianad aris daculi samoqalaqo kodeqsiT. 36 Tumca, imis 

miuxedavad, rom kanonmdebloba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

funqcionirebas araviTar mniSvnelovan dabrkolebas ar uqmnis, is arc 

am seqtoris damcav konkretul debulebebs Seicavs. 

ramdenime legitimuri gamonaklisis garda, moqalaqeebs zogadad ufleba 

aqvT, Seqmnan gaerTianebebi da gawevrianden iseT organizaciebSi, romel- 

Ta mizani keTilsindisieri mmarTvelobis xelSewyoba da antikorufciuli 

saqmianobis ganxorcielebaa, miuxedavad am gaerTianebebis politikuri 

ideologiis, religiuri mimarTulebisa an miznebisa. samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis ideologiasa da miznebze dawesebulia garkveuli 

SezRudvebi, magram es SezRudvebi mxolod saxelmwifos legitimuri miznebis 

dacvas emsaxureba. 37 kerZod, konstitucia krZalavs iseTi sazogadoebrivi 

gaerTianebis Seqmnasa da saqmianobas, romlis mizania saqarTvelos 

konstituciuri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secvla, qveynis damoukideblobis 

xelyofa an teritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva; an romelic 

eweva omis an Zaladobis propagandas an aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur 

an socialur SuRls. konstituciis imave muxlis Tanaxmad, sazogadoebrivi 

gaerTianebis akrZalva mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT SeiZleba 

da mxolod organuli kanoniT gansazRvrul SemTxvevebSi. samoqalaqo 

kodeqsi acxadebs, rom samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizacias SeiZleba 

uari eTqvas registraciaze, Tu misi miznebi ewinaaRmdegeba moqmed 

samarTals, aRiarebul zneobriv normebs an saqarTvelos konstituciur– 

samarTlebriv principebs. 38 

saxelmwifos mier samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis saqmianobis 

regulireba maTi saqmianobis SeCerebis an akrZalvis uflebiT Semoifargleba, 

rac mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT SeiZleba ganxorcieldes. 

39 radgan samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs arasamewarmeo iuridiuli 

piris samarTlebrivi statusi aqvT, samoqalaqo kodeqsi konkretulad 

miuTiTebs, rom sasamarTlos SeuZlia, aseTi organizaciis saqmianobis 

SeCereba an akrZalva, Tu is „arsebiTad komerciul“ xasiaTs miiRebs. 

kanonmdebloba samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciis sameTvalyureo 

175 








38 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, muxli 

32. 




Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia, 11th 

Edition – June 2008 (Washington: U.S. Agency 

for International Development, Bureau for 

Europe and Eurasia, Office of Democracy, 

Governance and Social Transition, 2008), 107. 





42 iqve, 44. 


(2008). 






OSCE/ODIHR, 2008), 23. 

176 

sabWoSi saxelmwifos warmomadgenlis wevrobas an organizaciis sxdomebze 

saxelmwifos warmomadgenlis savaldebulo dawrebas ar moiTxovs. amave 

dros, piradi informaciis xelSeuxeblobis konstituciuri ufleba samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv 

organizaciebze ar vrceldeba. 


qula: 75 

ramdenad daculia samoqalaqo sazogadoeba mis saqmianobaSi arajerovani 

Carevisgan? 

qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi zogadad xelisuflebis arajerovani 

Carevis gareSe funqcionireben. xelisuflebis pirdapiri zewolis 

SemTxvevebi, rogoricaa organizaciis funqcionirebis SeCereba an misi 

aqtivistebis samsaxureobrivi saqmianobis gamo dapatimreba, Zalze iSvia- 

Tia. amis miuxedavad, xSirad vrceldeba informacia, rom arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebi, gansakuTrebiT isini, romlebic dedaqalaqis gareT funqcionireben 

da advokatirebis sakiTxebze muSaoben, xelisuflebis zewolas 

ganicdian. aseve yofila SemTxvevebi, rodesac arasamTavrobo organizaciebis 

damkvirveblebi arCevnebze daSinebisa da Zaladobis msxverpli xdebodnen. 

am sferos maregulirebeli kanonebis Sesabamisad, xelisufleba samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis saqmianobas ar zRudavs da masSi ar ereva. 

40 eqspertebis SefasebiT, qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoeba „xelisuflebis 

kritikaSi sakmaod aqtiuria.“ 41 Tumca, miuxedavad imisa, rom xelisufleba 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobaSi Riad ar ereva, arsebobs 

mosazreba, rom is cdilobs, maT saqmianobaze gavlena „diskriminaciuli“ 

politikis gatarebiT moaxdinos. maSin, rodesac zogi arasamTavrobo 

organizacia xelisuflebasTan Tavisufali wvdomiT sargeblobs da masTan 

mWidrod TanamSromlobs, sxvebi aseT SesaZleblobebs moklebulni arian. 

42 marTalia, am SemTxvevaSi mizezis Sedegisgan gansxvaveba SeuZlebelia, 

magram politikur asparezze arsebuli polariacia samoqalaqo sazogadoebaSic 

aisaxea da TiTqmis yvela organizacia an xelisuflebis momxred 

iTvleba, an mis mowinaaRmdeged. 

rogorc organizacia Freedom House acxadebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebi mTlianobaSi damoukidebel seqtors 

warmoadgenen, 43 regionebSi momuSave zogi mcire zomis arasamTavrobo organizacia 

adgilobrivi Tanamdebobis pirebis „ukanono zewolasa da Seviwroebas“ 

ganicdis. 44 euTo-s „demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis 

uflebaTa dacvis ofisis“ saarCevno damkvirvebelTa misiam aseve daafiqsira 

SemTxvevebi, rodesac saarCevno damkvirveblebi, romlebic qarTul 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebs warmoadgendnen, daSinebisa da zewolis 

msxverplni gaxdnen. 45 xelisufleba daSinebis aseTi faqtebis gamoZiebas, 

rogorc wesi, ar awarmoebs. 


2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

saqmianoba? 

qarTuli samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv organizaciebis gamWvirvalobis 

saerTo done arasaTanadoa. bolo wlebSi Catarebuli mTeli rigi kvlevebis 

Sedegebis da, aseve, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ 

mier Catarebuli interviuebis Tanaxmad, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

mxolod mcire nawili awvdis regularulad sazogadoebas saku- 

Tar saqmianobasTan dakavSirebul informacias. 

CIVICUS-is 2005 wlis angariSSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb aRniSnulia, rom 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi finansuri gamWvirvalobis 

dabali doniT xasiaTdebian. 46 miuxedavad imisa, rom am sferoSi 

arsebuli mdgomareoba garkveulwilad gaumjobesda da wamyvani arasam- 

Tavrobo organizaciebis erTma jgufma gamWvirvalobis ufro maRali 

standartebis danergva da ZiriTadi finansuri informaciis sazogadoebis- 

Tvis miwodeba daiwyo, jer kidev mcirea im arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa 

ricxvi, romlebic sakuTar safinanso angariSebs sajarod aqveyneben. 47 

saqvelmoqmedo organizaciebic ki, romelTac maTi saqmianobis amsaxveli 

wliuri angariSebisa da finansuri dokumentebis gamoqveyneba kanoniT 

evalebaT, ase mxolod SemTxvevaTa 45 procentSi iqcevian. 48 

ramdenime respondentma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqar- 

Tvelo“ am angariSis momzadebis procesSi gaesaubra, aseve gamoTqva mosazreba, 

rom qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis gamWvirvalobis saer- 

To done arasakmarisia. erT-erTma eqspertma aRniSna, rom qarTuli arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis umetesoba, organizaciuli sisustis gamo, maTi 

saqmianobis gamWvirvalobas ver uzrunvelyofs da xSirad Tavs ikavebs 

Tavisi saqmianobis amsaxveli angariSebisa da finansuri dokumentebis gamoqveynebisgan. 

49 amis erT-erTi mizezi is aris, rom samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis umetesobas miaCnia, rom sazogadoebas aseTi informacia 

ar ainteresebs. sxva eqspertma gaixsena erT-erTi donori organizaciis 

mcdeloba, finansuri informacia mieRo im arasamTavrobo organizaciebidan, 

romlebic 2008 wels arCevnebis monitoringSi iyvnen CarTulni. man 

aRniSna, rom im organizaciebis umetesobam, romelTac donori organizacia 

daukavSirda, arCia dafinansebis wyaroebTan dakavSirebuli informacia 

ar gaeca. eqspertma aseve aRniSna, rom saqarTveloSi mxolod 5-6 iseTi 

arasamTavrobo organizacia arsebobs, romelic Tavis wliur angariSebsa da 

finansur dokumentebs regularulad da Tanmimdevrulad aqveynebs. 50 


qula: 25 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

angariSvaldebuleba maTi mxardamWerebis mimarT? 

177 





47 iqve. 

48 Civil Society Institute, Legislative Environment 

Regulating Charity Activities in Georgia (Tbilisi: 

Civil Society Institute, 2007), 8. 

49 qeTevan vaSakiZe, „evraziis 

TanamSromlobis fondis“ saqarTvelos 

ofisis direqtori. interviu avtorTan, 


50 TinaTin bolqvaZe, adamianis uflebaTa da 

kanonis uzenaesobis programis 

koordinatori, „Ria sazogadoeba – 

saqarTvelo“. interviu avtorTan, 






Index, 33. 

52 iqve, 26, 49-50. 

53 TinaTin bolqvaZis interviu avtorTan. 




Assessment Tool Report for Georgia, 49-50. 

178 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis umravlesobas bevri 

wevri an mxardamWeri ar hyavs. amas emateba maTi marTvis spontanuri da 

araTanmimdevruli sistema, ris gamoc saTanadod uzrunvelyofili ar 

aris arasamTavrobo organizaciebis angariSvaldebuleba maT mimarT, vis 

interesebsac isini, maTive TqmiT, warmoadgenen. amrigad, angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofis erTaderTi qmediTi meqanizmi donorebis mier 

aris dawesebuli da vertikalur (moqalaqeebisadmi an wevrebisadmi) an 

horizontalur (sxva samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebisadmi) 

angariSvaldebulebas ar gulisxmobs. 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofas xels, nawilobriv, maTi struqtura uSlis. qarTul arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebs Soris cotaa mxardamWerebze dafuZnebuli organizacia. 

maTi damfuZneblebi, Cveulebriv, organizaciis marTvis gasaadvileblad, 

misi wevrebis ricxvis SezRudvas cdiloben, rac imaze miuTi- 

Tebs, rom am organizaciebis umetesoba „avtoritarulad“ imarTeba. 51 samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis umravlesoba mmarTvel sabWoSi 

axal wevrebs iSviaTad iwvevs, an saerTod ar iwvevs. 52 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis Sida angariSvaldebulebis 

meqanizmebis sisustis gamo, am organizaciebis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofa ZiriTadad donorebs uxdebaT. eqspertebma, romlebsac 

mkvlevarTa gundi gaesaubra, aRniSnes, rom donorebi am funqcias, zogadad, 

warmatebiT asruleben da arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, Cveulebriv, 

maT angariSebsa da saTanado dokumentebs warudgenen, radgan, winaaRmdeg 

SemTxvevaSi, momavalSi dafinansebas veRar miiReben. erT-erTma eqspertma 

mkvlevarTa gunds ganucxada, rom qveynis wamyvani arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, 

romlebic TbilisSi arian bazirebuli, donorebs, Cveulebriv, 

zust da amomwurav informacias awvdian, regionebSi momuSave ufro mcire 

zomis organizaciebs ki xSirad angariSgebis valdebulebis Sesruleba 

uWirT. 53 angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofisken mimarTuli donorebis 

Zalisxmevis miuxedavad, CIVICUS-is angariSSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb gamoTqmulia 

mosazreba, rom SesaZloa, arsebobdes ormagi buRalteriis problema 

(sagadasaxado organoebSi da donorebisTvis gansxvavebuli finansuri 

dokumentebis wardgena), xolo zogi organizacia SeiZleba erTi da 

imave saqmianobisTvis gankuTvnil dafinansebas sxvadasxva donorebisgan 

iRebdes. 54 

keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebi 


qula: 25 

ramdenad arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis keTilsindisierebas uzrunvelyofs? ramdenad efeqturia 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofis 

meqanizmebi praqtikaSi? 


im pirobebSi, rodesac samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebs mTeli 

seqtoris masStabiT moqmedi qcevis kodeqsi an sxva TviTregulirebis meqanizmebi 

ar gaaCniaT, saqarTveloSi amJamad am organizaciebis keTilsindisierebis 

uzrunvelyofis praqtikulad araviTari saSualeba ar arsebobs. 

2004 wels samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis koaliciam samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis eTikis kodeqsi Seadgina, romelsac xeli daaxloebiT 

ocdaaTma organizaciam moawera. 55 dokumenti moicavda iseT sferoebs, rogorebicaa 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis urTierToba xelisuflebasTan, politikur 

partiebTan, donorebTan da farTo sazogadoebasTan, aseve samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebis Sida marTva da finansuri menejmenti. 

amis miuxedavad, am iniciativam samoqalaqo seqtorze didi gavlena 

ver moaxdina, radgan masSi bevri organizacia ar iyo CarTuli da kodeqsi 

monitoringis, Sefasebisa da aRsrulebis qmediT meqanizmebs ar Seicavda. 56 

kodeqsis aRsrulebis meqanizmebi im organizaciebis yovelwliuri dajildoebiT 

Semoifargleboda, romlebic dokumentSi CamoTvlil principebs 

daicavdnen. orma eqspertma daadastura, rom TviTregulirebis am konkretulma 

dokumentma mniSvnelovani gavlena ver iqonia da is didwilad 

daviwyebas mieca. 57 amJamad, kodeqsi internetiT xelmisawvdomi ar aris. 

ramdenime organizacias qcevis sakuTari Sida kodeqsi aqvs, magram TviTregulirebisken 

mimarTul sxva mniSvnelovan iniciativebs bolo wlebSi 

adgili ar hqonia. 

2011 

roli: xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofa 

(praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad cdilobs samoqalaqo sazogadoeba xelisuflebis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofas da ramdenad warmatebiT axerxebs 

amas? 

saqarTveloSi mravali iseTi arasamTavrobo organizaciaa, romelic xelisuflebis 

saqmianobis monitorings axorcielebs. amis miuxedavad, saerTo 

jamSi, samoqalaqo seqtori xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis efeqtianad 

uzrunvelyofas ver axerxebs. es gamowveulia rogorc samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis Sida sisusteebiT, ise im politikuri garemoTi, 

romelSic isini saqmianoben. 

qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis unari, „akontrolos saxelmwifo da 

moaxdinos masze mastabilizirebeli gavlena,“ 58 Semcirebulia da samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv 

organizaciebs naklebad SeuZliaT warmatebuli advokatireba, 

radgan isini xelisuflebasTan „produqtiuli samuSao ur- 

TierTobebis“ damyarebas ver axerxeben. 59 miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTuli 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi saxelmwifos qmedebebis monitorings sakmaod 

aqtiurad awarmoeben, es monitoringi mniSvnelovan gavlenas ver axdens 

gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesze. 60 

179 

55 http://www.civil.ge/geo/article.php?id=7707 





57 qeTevan vaSakiZisa da TinaTin bolqvaZis 

interviuebi avtorTan. 




Central and Eastern Europe and Eurasia, 11th 

Edition – June 2008, 106. 









(2008). 


Country Report, Gutersloh: Bertelsmann 

Stiftung, 2007, 10, 11. 





65 iqve, 73. 



67 iqve. 

180 

is, rom samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi xelisuflebaze did 

gavlenas ver axdenen, gamowveulia rogorc Sida, ise gare faqtorebiT. 

Sida faqtorebis TvalsazrisiT, maRalkvalificiuri profesionalebis 

naklebobam da dafinansebis diversificirebuli da stabiluri wyaroebis 

ararsebobam Seqmna mdgomareoba, rodesac „samoqalaqo sazogadoebas 

mcire Zala da da gamocdileba gaaCnia imisTvis, rom mTavrobis reformireba 

da angariSvaldebuleba moiTxovos.“ 61 samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis unars, moaxdinon zewola xelisuflebaze, isic amcirebs, 

rom maT farTo sazogadoebasTan mWidro kavSiri ar aqvT, rac garkveulwilad 

am organiziaciebis legitimurobis dones amcirebs. vinaidan saqar- 

TveloSi wevrobaze dafuZnebuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis ricxvi 

mcirea, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis umetesobas politikur aqtoreb- 

Tan dialogisas didi socialuri jgufebis saxeliT saubari ar SeuZlia. 62 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis saqmianobis es aspeqti samoqalaqo seqtorTan 

dakavSirebul TiTqmis yvela mniSvnelovan kvlevaSia aRniSnuli: mkvlevarebi 

aRniSnaven, rom qarTuli samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis 

unars, imoqmedon, rogorc Suamavlebma saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebas 

Soris, „Zalze zRudavs is garemoeba, rom maT socialuri fesvebi ar 

gaaCniaT,“ rac imiT aris gamowveuli, rom maT „susti“ kavSiri aqvT im 

moqalaqeTa interesebTan, visac, maTive TqmiT, warmoadgenen. 63 samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebi „farTo sazogadoebisgan garkveulwilad izolirebulni 

arian“ 64 da mkvlevarebi xSirad aRniSnaven, rom am organizaciebis 

dRis wesrigebi moqalaqeTa umravlesobis sazrunavs sakmarisad 

ar asaxavs. 65 

gare faqtorebis TvalsazrisiT, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis 

monitoringisa da advokatirebis Sedegianobas xelisuflebis mxridan maTdami 

uyuradRebo damokidebulebac amcirebs. kerZod, xelisufleba politikur 

procesSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan TanamSromlobas swrafi 

moqmedebis Semaferxebel muxruWad miiCnevs. im arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, 

romlebic sazogadoebriv sakiTxebze muSaoben, Zalian uWirT neitraluri 

poziciis SenarCuneba uaRresad polarizebuli garemos gamo. 66 

xelisufleba xSirad makontrolebeli arasamtavrobo organizaciebis 

kritikul SeniSvnebs opoziciis mier marTvadi jgufebis Tavdasxmebad 

naTlavs da ugulebelyofs, xolo is garemoeba, rom zogierTi organizacia 

xelisuflebis kritikisas konstruqciulobisa da miukerZoeblobis Senar- 

Cunebas ver axerxebs, efeqturobas ukargavs mTeli seqtoris Zalisxmevas 

advokatirebisa da makontrolebeli funciis ganxorcielebis mxriv. 67 

Zalze cota arasamTavrobo organizacia axerxebs xelisuflebis imgvarad 

kritikas, rom (Sesabamisi SesaZleblobis warmoqmnisas) mTavrobasTan konstruqciulad 

TanamSromlobac SeZlos. 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis saqmianobis Sedegianobas parlamentSi 

pluralizmis dabali done da damoukidebeli satelevizio mediis ararsebobac 

amcirebs. „vardebis revoluciis“ Semdgom gavlenian media-saSualebebSi 

da opoziciur partiebSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis sando 

partniorTa ricxvi Semcirda. maSin, rodesac 2004 wlamde, samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebi xSirad moqmedebdnen opoziciasa da ZiriTad 


telekompaniebTan erTad, igive saqcieli dRes maT diskreditacias iwvevs. 

ZiriTadi telearxebi ar aSuqeben iseT sakiTxebs, romelTac xelisufleba 

sensitiurad miiCnevs, rac arasamTavrobo organizaciebs sazogadoebisTvis 

informaciis miwodebis SesaZleblobas uzRudavs. magaliTad, 2010 

wlis agvistoSi iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa Tbilisidan gasaxleba, 

ramac samoqalaqo-sazogadoebrivi organizaciebisa da alternatiuli media-saSualebebis 

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miipyro, arc erT ZiriTad 

televizias ar gauSuqebia. 2004 wlamde, Tavad xelisufleba da media 

sxvadasxva mxareebad iyvnen dayofilni, radgan Zalauflebas flobdnen 

rogorc xelisuflebaSi, ise mis gareT myofi Zalebi, rac samoqalaqosazogadoebriv 

organizaciebsa da medias saSualebas aZlevda, arapolarizebul 

garemoSi emuSavaT da Tavidan aecilebinaT „prosaxelisuflebo“ 

da „proopoziciuri“ organizaciebis iarliyi, rac dRes sirTules warmoadgens. 

amis miuxedavad, qarTulma arasamTavrobo organizaciebma mainc miaRwies 

garkveul warmatebebs xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofis 

mxriv. organizacia Freedom House-is angariSSi makontrolebeli arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis warmatebuli saqmianobis magaliTad moyvanilia 

is faqti, rom „sorosis fondis“ mier dafinansebuli samoqalaqosazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebis qselma xeli Seuwyo fondis „aTaswleulis 

gamowveva saqarTvelo“ xelmZRvanelobis Secvlas, ris mizezadac fondis 

saqmianobis gamWvirvalobis nakleboba iqca. 68 aseve mniSvnelovan miRwevebad 

aris miCneuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis mier warmoebuli 

kampania, romelic winaswari dakavebis izolatorebSi wamebis winaaRmdeg 

iyo mimarTuli, da damoukidebeli gamoZieba, romelsac sabolood 

akrZalul ekonomikur saqmianobaSi Cabmuli parlamentis wevris gadadgoma 

mohyva. 69 

2011 

roli: politikis reformaSi monawileoba (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad aris samoqalaqo sazogadoeba CarTuli antikorufciuli 

politikis reformirebis iniciativebSi? 

saqarTveloSi mTeli rigi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi arsebobs, romlebic 

korufciasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze bolo wlebSi aqtiurad 

da mudmivad muSaoben. amis miuxedavad, qarTuli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebis unars, monawileoba miiRon xelisuflebis politikis (maT 

Soris, antikorufciuli politikis) SemuSavebaSi, wina qveTavSi ganxiluli 

igive zogadi faqtorebi amcirebs, romlebic maT xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofaSi uSlis xels. 

pirvel rigSi, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebis SesaZleblobas, 

gavlena moaxdinon xelisuflebis politikaze, am organizaciebis Sida sisusteebi 

amcirebs. arasaTanado dafinansebisa da amiT gamowveuli profesionaluri 

kadrebis naklebobis gamo, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis 

181 


(2008). 












72 Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2009, 220. 







182 

umravlesobas politikis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebis wardgena da politikis 

analizis ganxorcieleba mxolod SezRuduli masStabiT SeuZlia. 70 dinamiur 

politikur movlenebze zegavlenis mosaxdenad arasamTavrobo organizaciebs 

Zalze maRalkvalificiuri TanamSromlebi esaWiroebaT, romel- 

Tac politikis reformis procesSi CarTvis SesaZleblobebze dauyovnebliv 

reagireba SeeZlebaT. Tumca, mwiri biujetebis gamo, arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis umravlesobis adamianuri resursebi, romelTa meSveobiT 

maT politikur siaxleebze reagireba unda moxdinon, SezRudulia. amasTan 

erTad, samoqalaqo sazogadoebasa da farTo sazogadoebas Soris susti 

kavSiris gamo, rac wina qveTavSi iyo ganxiluli, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

organizaciebs uZneldebaT saxelmwifo uwyebebis mier gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebis procesSi TavianTi CarTulobis ligitimurobis dasabuTeba. 71 

amasTan erTad, xelisuflebis politikis formulirebisa da reformis 

procesSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTvis SesaZleblobaze negatiurad 

moqmedebs politikuri garemo. zogadad, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis 

rekomendaciebi politikur gadawyvetilebebze mcire gavlenas axdens, 

radgan parlamentSi mmarTveli partiis sruli dominireba da mediaze 

misi didi gavlena xelisuflebas uadvilebs, rom kanonproeqtebis Sesaxeb 

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier gamoTqmuli kritikis ignorireba 

moaxdinos. 72 amasTanave, rogorc sakanonmdeblo organosadmi miZRvnil 

TavSic aRiniSna, kanonproeqtebi yovelTvis droulad ar xdeba sazogadoebisTvis 

xelmisawvdomi, rac maT ganxilvaSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis 

monawileobis SesaZleblobas amcirebs. xelisuflebasa da samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebs Soris dialogi institucionalizebuli 

ar aris da im organizaciebs, romlebic xelisuflebis mimarT ufro kritikulad 

arian ganwyobilni, dialogSi metwilad ar rTaven. 73 

„bertelsmanis transformaciis indeqsis“ saqarTvelos Sesaxeb 2008 wlis 

angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom sazogadoebis farTo fenebis CarTulobis 

ararseboba xelisuflebis antikorufciuli politikis erT-erTi susti 

rgolia. 74 am mxriv mdgomareoba odnav gaumjobesda 2008 wlis Semdeg da 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ramdenime organizacia (maT Soris, „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“) korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyeba- 

TaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWos muSaobaSi monawileobs. es dadebiTi nabijia, 

magram, rogorc korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyebaTaSorisi 

sakoordinacio sabWos Sesaxeb TavSia aRniSnuli, sabWos muSaobis xelSewyobis 

SesaZleblobebi da meqanizmebi aramdgradi da sakmaod zedapirulia. 


eziume 

am kvlevis Tanaxmad, miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos metad progresuli 

da liberaluri kanonmdebloba aqvs media-organizaciebis Seqmnisa da funqcionirebis 

sferoSi, praqtikaSi media kvlavac arasakmarisad gamWvirvale, angariSvaldebuli 

da damoukidebelia. damoukideblobis xarisxi gansxvavdeba 

mediis sxadasxva tipebis mixedviT, aseve dedaqalaqsa da regionebSi. mTavroba 

ar mimarTavs cenzuras, magram zogadad cnobilia, rom xelisuflebam qveynis 

yvelaze gavlenian satelevizio arxebze kontroli daamyara mTavrobis momxre 

biznesmenebis mier maTi Sesyidvis gziT, rac am arxebze momuSave Jurnalistebs 

aiZulebs, rom TviTcenzuras mimarTon. kvlavac SeSfoTebas iwvevs 

televiziis mflobelobis gamWvirvalobis nakleboba, xolo TviTregulirebis 

qmediTi meqanizmebis ararsebobam problemebi warmoSva mediis angariSvaldebulebisa 

da keTilisindisierebis TvalsazrisiT. qarTuli media 

gansakuTrebulad warmatebuli ar aris korufciis SemTxvevebis gamovlenis 

mxriv, vinaidan Jurnalistur gamoZiebebs wamyvani media-organizaciebis mxolod 

mcire nawili awarmoebs. mTlianobaSi, media sazogadoebas mosazrebaTa 

farTo speqtrs warudgens, magram misi unari, miukerZoeblad gaaSuqos politikuri 

movlenebi, daqveiTebulia politikuri sivrcisa da media-sivrcis 

ukiduresi polarizaciis gamo. 








korufciis faqtebis gamoZieba 

da mxileba — 25 

roli sazogadoebis informireba korufciisa 

25/100 da misi Sedegebis Sesaxeb 

sazogadoebis informireba 

— 25 

mmarTvelobis sakiTxebze — 25 

2011 183 

11. 

media

1 saqarTvelos kanoni „mauwyeblobis 


dekembers, muxli 33:2–5. 

2 iqve, muxli 64:1. 



184 


televizia saqarTveloSi mediis yvelaze popularuli da gavleniani saxeobaa. 

qveynis masStabiT axal ambebs mxolod sami ZiriTadi arxi gadascems: 

„rusTavi 2,“ „imedi“ da „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ 

pirveli arxi. „sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ meore arxi politikuri partiebis 

pres-konferenciebsa da parlamentis sxdomebs aSuqebs. kidev ori 

arxi, „kavkasia“ da maestro,“ romlebic sakuTar axal ambebs gadascems, 

Tbilisis mosaxleobis mniSvnelovani nawilisTvis aris xelmisawvdomi, 

magram qveynis danarCen nawilSi ar mauwyeblobs. „aWaris televizia,“ romelic 

aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis saxelmwifo arxia, qveynis mniSvnelovan 

nawils faravs. arsebobs kidev 26 regionaluri telearxi, magram, 

ramdenime gamonaklisis garda, isini mniSvnelovan rols ar asruleben 

pirveladi informaciis gavrcelebis mxriv. qveyanaSi mravali radiosadguri, 

gazeTi, Jurnali da axali ambebis saagento funqcionirebs, magram 

maTi gavlena satelevizio arxebis gavlenas bevrad Camouvardeba. igive 

iTqmis axladwarmoqmnil internet-mediazec. 

Sefaseba 


qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba mravalferovani da damoukidebeli 

mediis arsebobis xelSemwyobi garemos Seqmnas? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba raime mniSvnelovan dabrkolebebs ar uqmnis 

mravalferovani da damoukidebeli media-seqtoris arsebobas. 

kanoni Jurnalistur saqmianobasa da beWdviTi media-erTeulebis dafuZnebaze 

raime SezRudvas ar awesebs. beWdviT media-organizaciebs licenziis 

aReba ar sWirdebaT da isini gaTavisuflebulni arian damatebiTi Rirebulebis 

gadasaxadisgan. maTi saqmianoba raime specialuri normebiT ar regulirdeba. 

„sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli“ saxelmwifo biujetidan finansdeba da misi 

dafinansebis odenoba mTliani Sida produqtis 0,12 procents Seadgens. 1 

kanoni „sazogadoebriv mauwyebels“ saukeTeso saeTero saaTebSi, aseve 

dasvenebis da uqme dReebSi, reklamis ganTavsebas ukrZalavs. 2 

telemauwyeblebis dafuZnebisa da saqmianobis wesebi Camoyalibebulia 

saqarTvelos kanonSi „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb.“ kanonis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 

moqmedma yvela mouwyebelma (garda „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi 

mauwyeblisa“ da „aWaris televiziisa“) saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli 

komisiisagan licenzia unda miiRos. kanoni pirdapir acxadebs, rom 

mauwyeblobis sferoSi licenziis gareSe saqmianoba kanoniT isjeba. 3 komisias 

SeuZlia gasces „saerTo licenzia“ (romlic mflobeli valdebulia, 


saukeTeso dros axali ambebisa da sazogadoebriv-politikuri programebi 

gadasces) an „specializebuli licenzia“ (romelic gadacemebis Sinaarss 

konkretulad gansazRvravs) rogorc nacionalur, ise adgilobriv miwiszeda 

sadgurebze. 4 komisiam ganacxadis miRebidan 30 samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi 

unda miiRos gadawyvetileba licenziis gacemis an masze uaris Tqmis 

Sesaxeb. 5 licenziis miniWebaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevaSi, komisiis gadawyvetileba 

SeiZleba sasamarTloSi gasaCivrdes. 6 mniSvnelovania, rom, kanonis 

mixedviT, komisia erTaderTi organoa, romelsac mauwyeblebze licenziis 

gacemis ufleba aqvs da nebismieri sxva organos mier raime damatebiTi 

licenziis an nebarTvis moTxovna akrZalulia. 7 kanoni iTvaliswinebs sazogadoebrivi, 

saTemo da kerZo mauwyeblebis dafuZnebas. 

saqarTvelos konstitucia adgens, rom arc saxelmwifos da arc kerZo 

pirebs masobrivi informaciis an misi gavrcelebis saSualebaTa monopolizaciis 

ufleba ar aqvT. 8 kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ aseve Seicavs debulebebs, 

romelTa mizans media-saSualebaTa mflobelobis koncentraciis 

akrZalvis gziT konkurenciisTvis xelis Sewyoba warmoadgens. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad arsebobs mravalferovani da damoukidebeli media seqtori, 

romelic sxvadasxva Sexedulebebis warmoCenas uzrunvelyofs? 

saqarTveloSi sxvadasxva tipis mravali media-erTeuli arsebobs, romlebic 

dedaqalaqsa da regionebSi funqcionireben. gazeTebi, radiosadgurebi 

da axali ambebis saagentoebi gansxvavebul Sexedulebebs mTeli qveynis 

masStabiT avrceleben, magram televiziiT gansxvavebuli mosazrebebis 

mosmena dedaqalaqis gareT rTulia. centralur da regionuli media– 

erTeulebs Soris aseve mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebi arsebobs resursebis 

mxriv. 

marTalia beWdviTi mediisa da radios seqtorebi mTlianobaSi mravalferovnad 

da pluralisturad miiCneva, 9 „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – 

saqarTvelos“ mier 2009 wels Catarebulma kvlevam aCvena, rom amJamindeli 

regulaciebi arasakmarisia „konkurentunariani da pluralisturi 

satelevizio bazris“ Camosayalibeblad. 10 `saerTaSoriso kvlevisa da gacvlebis 

sabWos“ (IREX) mier Sedgenil „mediis mdgradobis indeqsSi“ aseve 

aRniSnulia, rom regulirebis amJamindeli wesebiT mediis erTsa da imave 

mflobelTa xelSi koncentraciis Tavidan acileba ver moxerxda. 11 ramdenime 

welia, rac saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnul komisias miwiszeda 

sadgurebze axali licenziebi ar gaucia, rac axal moTamaSeebs bazarze 

Sesvlis saSualebas ar aZlevs. 

IREX-i aRniSnavs, rom bolo wlebSi ZiriTadi qarTuli telearxebis gadacemebi 

„sul ufro da ufro erTferovani“ gaxda. 12 ori wamyvani kerZo 

telearxi, romlebic mTeli qveynis masStabiT mauwyebloben, ZiriTadad 

185 







9 Freedom House, Freedom of the Press 2009, 

http://www.freedomhouse.org/ 

template.cfm?page=251&country=7612&year=2009 

(nanaxia 2010 wlis 29 ianvars); kavkasiis 

kvleviTi resusrebis centri, 

„saqarTvelos mediis siRrmiseuli kvleva: 

Sedegebis Sejameba,“ (Tbilisi: CRRC, 2009), 

3. 

10 Transparency International Georgia, Tele vision 

in Georgia – Ownership, Control and 

Regulation (Tbilisi: Transparency International 

Georgia, 2009), 17. 

11 International Research and Exchange Board, 

Media Sustainability Index 2009 (Washington: 

IREX, 2009), 145. 

12 iqve, 143. 

11. media

13 kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centri, 


Sedegebis Sejameba,“ 4. 

14 iqve, 143. 


Media Sustainability Index 2009, 145. 

16 Transparency International Georgia, Television 


Regulation, 7. 

17 iqve, 6. 



19 Civil Georgia, „televiziebs jamSi, 

daaxloebiT, 36 mln laris davalianeba 

CamoeweraT,“ 2010 wlis 2 ivlisi, 

http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id=22926& 

search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 29 marts) 

20 saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ 

saqarTvelo, `sagadasaxado amnistis 

qarTuli telearxebisTvis Tu subsidia 

saxelisuflebo televiziebisTvis?“ 

http://www.transparency.ge/blog/ 

psagadasakhado-amnistia-kartulitelearkhebistvis-tu-subsidia-sakhelisupleboteleviziebistvisp 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 4 

aprils). 

186 

xelisuflebis mxardamWer siuJetebs uSveben, „sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ 

„pirveli arxis“ gadacemebi ki naklebad politizebuli gaxda. 

telekompania „maestro,“ romelic xelisuflebis mZafri kritikiT gamoir- 

Ceva da erT-erT opociziur dajgufebasTan asocirdeba, mxolod dedaqalaqSi 

mauwyeblobs. 13 es gamowveulia dafinansebis simciriT, rac telearxs 

Tanamgzavruli mauwyeblobis gadasaxadis gadaxdis saSualebas ar 

aZlevs, da sakabelo provaiderebis uariT, rom es arxi TavianT paketebSi 

CarTon. 

TbilisSi bazirebuli telekompaniebi, romlebic mTeli qveynis masStabiT 

mauwyebloben, TanamSromlebs maRal xelfasebs sTavazoben, xolo dedaqalaqis 

gareT xelfasebi Zalze dabalia, rac kvalificiuri reportiorebis 

gadinebas iwvevs regionebidan dedaqalaqSi bazirebul media-erTeulebSi 

an sxva seqtorebSi. amasTan, „imedi“ da „rusTavi 2“ „uaxlesi aparaturiT“ 

arian aRWurvili, xolo regionuli mauwyeblebi da gazeTebi iZulebulni 

arian, dabali xarisxisa da moZvelebuli aparaturiT imuSaon. 14 

saqarTvelos media-erTeulebi mniSvnelovani finansuri gamowvevebis winaSe 

dganan. bolodroindeli kvlevebis Tanaxmad, momgebiani media-erTeulebi 

„iSviaTia“ 15 , xolo ZiriTadi telearxebi „xSirad finansurad wam- 

gebianebi arian.“ 16 dedaqalaqSi bazirebuli wamyvani telekompaniebi 

xelisuflebisgan finansur daxmarebas iReben, mwiri finansuri rusursebis 

mqone regionuli media-erTeulebi ki ZiriTadad donorebis daxmarebiT 

axerxeben funqcionirebas. saqarTvelos sareklamo bazris mcire moculoba 

erT-erTi mTavari faqtoria, romelic media-saSualebebs xels 

uSlis, rom TviTkmarni gaxdnen. 17 amasTanave, gamoiTqmis SeSfoTeba, rom 

sareklamo seqtori monopolizebulia im kompaniebis mier, romlebic nacionalur 

arxebTan asocirdebian. 18 

2010 wlis aprilSi parlamentma satelevizio arxebisTvis sagadasaxado 

amnistiis Sesaxeb kanoni miiRo, romelic 36 milioni laris odenobis davalianebis 

Camoweras iTvaliswinebda. kanonmdeblebma amnistiis beneficiarTa 

sajarod gamJRavnebaze uari ganacxades. rogorc media bazris mkvlevarebma 

daadgines, imis miuxedavad, rom amnistiis Sedegad gadasaxadebi 

baTumSi moqmed damoukidebel telekompania „25-e arxsac“ Camoewera, am 

SeRavaTiT ZiriTadad xelisuflebis mxardamWerma arxebma, „imedma“ da 

„rusTavi 2-ma“, isargebles. sxva damoukidebeli arxebi, rogoricaa „maestro“ 

da „kavkasia,“ acxadebdnen, rom sagadasaxado davalianeba ar hqondaT. 

19 „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ daaskvna, rom sagadasaxado 

amnistiam xelisuflebis mxardamWer arxebs bazarze xelsayreli 

mdgomareoba Seuqmna. 20 

mniSvnelovani problemebi arsebobs media-seqtorSi dasaqmebuli pirebis 

profesionalizmis mxriv. „kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centris“ mier 

Catarebulma kvlevam daadgina, rom ZiriTad telearxebze profesionalizmis 

nakleboba „advili SesamCnevi iyo,“ radgan isini daubalansebel axal 

ambebs gadascemdnen, mosazrebebs faqtebad warmoaCendnen da SecdomaSi 


Semyvan da damabnevel informacias avrcelebdnen. 21 profesionalizmis 

done Zalze dabalia beWdviT mediaSic. 22 universitetis damTavrebisa da 

sainformacio saSualebebSi muSaobis dawyebis Semdeg, Jurnalistebi mcire 

drosa da yuradRebas uTmoben profesiul ganviTarebasa da unar- 

Cvevebis gaumjobesebas. 23 universitetebis Jurnalistikis fakultetebis 

saswavlo programebi media-seqtoris saWiroebebTan adaptirebuli ar aris 

da studentebs mxolod mcire praqtikul gamocdilebas aZlevs. maRali 

kvalifikaciis mqone profesionalebis gareSe, rac warmatebuli mediabiznesisTvis 

umniSvnelovanesi resursia, eWvqveS dgeba keTilsindisierebis 

yvela sxva aspeqti, maT Soris, angariSvaldebuleba, damoukidebloba 

da mediis sazedamxedvelo funqcia. 

2011 


qula: 75 

ramdenad arsebobs samarTlebrivi garantiebi, romlebic medias mis 

saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisgan icavs? 

saqarTvelos mTlianobaSi kargi kanonmdebloba aqvs mediis Tavisuflebis 

mxriv. sakanonmdeblo baza, romelic „liberalurad da progresulad“ 24 

miiCneva, mediis saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevis aRkveTis araerT meqanizms 

Seicavs. gamoxatvis Tavisufleba daculia konstituciiT da kanoniT 

„sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb.“ kanonmdebloba aseve icavs 

saredaqcio damoukideblobasa da uzrunvelyofs sajaro informaciis 

xelmisawvdomobas. kanonis debulebebi, romlebic ciliswamebas exeba, JurnalistebisTvis 

Zalze xelsayrelia. rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, licenzirebis 

kanonmdeblobis garkveulma xarvezebma SesaZloa safrTxe Seuqmnas 

mediis damoukideblobas, xolo „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ 

sameTvalyureo sabWos dakompleqtebis wesebi mis wevrTa politikuri 

niSniT daniSvnis SesaZleblobas warmoSobs. 

gamoxatvis Tavisufleba daculia saqarTvelos konstituciiT, romelic 

acxadebs, rom „yovel adamians aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad miiRos da gaavrcelos 

informacia, gamoTqvas da gaavrcelos Tavisi azri zepirad, werilobiT 

an sxvagvari saSualebiT.“ konstitucia aseve xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, 

rom mediis cenzura dauSvebelia. 25 zemoxsenebuli principebi gamyarebulia 

saqarTvelos kanoniT „sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb,“ 26 

romlis mixedviT moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT, moiZion, miiRon, Seqmnan, Seinaxon 

da gaavrcelon nebismieri tipis informacia an ideebi. mediis saredaqcio 

damoukidebloba da pluralizmi daculia, xolo Jurnalistebs 

ufleba aqvT, daicvan informaciis wyaros saidumloeba da saredaqcio 

gadawyvetilebebi sakuTari sindisis Sesabamisad miiRon. kanoni aseve 

krZalavs cenzuras. 27 sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudva da Jurnalistis 

saqmianobaSi ukanono Careva, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, sisxlis samarTlis 

danaSaulia. 28 

kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ acxadebs, rom erT kerZo an iuridiul pirs 

mxolod erTi telemauwyeblis da erTi radios licenziis flobis ufleba 

187 



Sedegebis Sejameba,“ (Tbilisi, 2009) 9. 

22 media-eqspert nino danelias interviu 


Tebervali. 

23 media-eqspert daviT paiWaZis interviu 


Tebervali. 


Media Sustainability Index 2009, 139; 

Freedom House, Nations in Transit: Georgia 



(nanaxia 2009 wlis 8 dekembers); 

Transparency International Georgia, Television 




26 miRebulia 2004 wlis 24 ivniss. 

27 saqarTvelos kanoni „sityvisa da 

gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 2. 

28 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 

154–e muxli, miRebulia 1999 wlis 22 

ivilss. 

11. media




31 mauwyebelTa qcevis kodeqsi, miRebulia 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli 

komisiis mier 2009 wlis 12 marts. 




Regulation, 12; kavkasiis kvleviTi 

resursebis centri, „saqarTvelos mediis 

siRrmiseuli kvleva: Sedegebis Sejameba,“ 

18. 






188 

aqvs (muxli 60). politikur partiebsa da maT Tanamdebobis pirebs, administraciul 

organoebsa da maT TanamSromlebs, aseve, administraciul organosTan 

urTierTdamokidebulebis mqone iuridiul pirebs samauwyeblo 

licenziis floba ekrZalebaT (muxli 62). kanonis mixedviT, saqarTvelos 

komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia valdebulia, gaataros RonisZiebebi, 

romlebic aucilebelia sainformacio saSualebebebSi mosazrebaTa pluralizmis 

stimulirebisTvis da mauwyeblebis sakuTrebis koncentraciis 

Tavidan asacileblad. 29 

kanonmdeblobaSi arsebobs mTeli rigi debulebebi, romlebic telemauwyeblebis 

saredaqcio damoukideblobas exeba. kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ 

moiTxovs, rom „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivma mauwyebelma,“ romelsac 

saxelmwifo afinansebs, uzrunvelyos programebis saredaqcio damoukidebloba, 

30 xolo „mauwyeblebis qcevis kodeqsi,“ romelic saqarTvelos 

komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis mier 2009 wlis 12 marts iqna miRebuli 

da savaldebulo samarTlebrivi dokumentia, kerZo mauwyeblebisgan moiTxovs, 

rom sxvadasxva saxis zewolisgan daicvan saredaqcio damoukidebloba 

da profesiuli Tavisufleba. 31 kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ 

mTavrobis uwyebebs „sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze“ zewolis ganxorcielebas 

pirdapir ukrZalavs da Seicavs mTel rig debulebebs, romelTa mizani 

„sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa. 32 amis miuxedavad, 

„sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ sameTvalyureo sabWos formirebis 

wesi safuZvlian SeSfoTebas iwvevs. kanoni mmarTvel partias faqtobrivad 

mis mier SerCeuli kandidatebis daniSvnis uflebas aZlevs, radgan 

sabWos wevrebs partiebi waradgenen, prezidenti arCevs da parlamenti 

amtkicebs. 33 

informaciis xelmisawvdomoba zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT regulirdeba, 

romelic acxadebs, rom sajaro uwyebSi daculi informacia Riaa, 

garda kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa (muxli 28). 34 

kanonmdebloba araviTar SezRudvebs ar awesebs kerZo da saTemo mediasaSualebebis 

(beWdviTi, samauwyeblo, internet-saSualebebi da a.S.) dafuZnebasa 

da funqcionirebaze, Tumca kerZo da saTemo mauwyeblebma licenziis 

mosapoveblad ganacxadi unda waradginon zemoT aRwerili proceduriT. 

mauwyeblebisTvis licenziis miniWebis wesebSi ar aris konkretuli an pirdapiri 

meqanizmebi, romelTa saSualebiT xelisuflebas am procesze politikuri 

kontrolis ganxorcieleba SeuZlia. samauwyeblo licenziebs 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia gascems, romelic, „mauwyeblobis 

Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, damoukidebeli maregulirebeli organoa 

da arc erT saxelmwifo uwyebas ar eqvemdebareba. 35 kanoni komisiis 

wevrebis saqmianobaSi Carevas pirdapir krZalavs. 36 amis miuxedavad, radgan 

komisiis wevrebs prezidenti arCevs da parlamenti ubralo umravlesobiT 

amtkicebs, politikurad motivirebuli daniSvnebis SesaZlebloba 

gansakuTrebiT didia im pirobebSi, rodesac sakanonmdeblo organoSi prezidentis 

partia dominirebs (rac saqarTvelos uaxlesi istoriis umetesi 


nawilis damaxasiaTebeli Strixia). kidev erTi potenciuri problema im 

garemoebidan gamomdinareobs, rom licenzireba mauwyeblobis teqnikur 

aspeqtebs scildeba da nawilobriv telekompaniebis programebis Sinaarssac 

moicavs. saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia konkretul 

Sinaarsze gaTvlil (mag. politikuri da gasarTobi programebis) da ara 

zogad samauwyeblo nebarTvebs gascems. rogorc IREX-is angariSSia aRniSnuli, 

licenzirebis sferoSi komisiis uflebamosilebebi metismetad far- 

Toa da aRniSnul uwyebas mauwyeblebis gadacemebis Sinaarsze gavlenis 

moxdenis saSualebas aZlevs. 37 

saqarTvelos kanoni „sagangebo mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,“ 38 xelisuflebis 

aRmasrulebel Stos sagangebo mdgomareobis dros media-erTeulebze kontrolis 

dawesebis uflebas aZlevs. 39 saqarTvelos kanoni „saomari mdgomareobis 

Sesaxeb“ 40 msgavs debulebas Seicavs, romelic saomari mdgomareobis 

dros moqmedebs. 41 kanonmdebloba mTavrobas aseTi kontrolis sxva 

SemTxvevebSi ganxorcielebis uflebas ar aniWebs. 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ciliswamebisTvis sisxlissamarTlebriv 

pasuxismgeblobas ar iTvaliswinebs. kanoni „sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis 

Sesaxeb“ acxadebs, rom savaraudo ciliswamebis faqtis gamo saqme 

SeiZleba aRiZras media-saSualebis mflobelis, magram ara Jurnalistis 

winaaRmdeg. 42 sajaro pirebs media saSualebis winaaRmdeg ciliswamebasTan 

dakavSirebuli sarCelis wardgenisas, kerZo pirebTan SedarebiT, ufro 

myari mtkicebulebebis warmodgena evalebaT. 43 amasTan erTad, kanoni 

acxadebs, rom pirs ciliswamebisTvis ar ekisreba pasuxismgebloba, Tu man 

ar icoda da arc SeiZleboda scodnoda, rom ciliswamebas avrcelebda. 44 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad Tavisufalia media mis saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisgan 

praqtikaSi? 

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis is debulebebi, romlebic 

sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas exeba, progresulad da liberalurad 

iTvleba, isini sxvadasxva zomiT sruldeba sxvadasxva tipis media-erTeulebis 

SemTxvevaSi, aseve dedaqalaqsa da regionebSi. 

beWdviTi media, radiosadgurebi da axali ambebis saagentoebi, iseve, rogorc 

zogierTi telekompania, zogadad, xelisuflebis pirdapiri Carevis 

gareSe funqcionirebs. amis miuxedavad, mediis warmomadgenlebi gamoTqvamen 

varauds, rom sareklamo bazarze probemebi arsebobs, romelTa mizezi 

bazris funqcionirebaSi xelisuflebis Careva, bazris gaumWvirvaloba 

da nepotizmia. 45 organizaciis Freedom House daskvniT, xelisufleba 

cdilobs akontrolos damoukidebeli telekompaniebi, romlebic mTeli 

qveynis masStabiT mauwyebloben, Tumca, amave dros, is tolerantulia im 

telekompaniebis mimarT, romelTa mayureblebis ricxvi mcirea. 46 

189 







42 saqarTvelos kanoni „sityvisa da 

gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 6. 






11. media


damcvelis saangariSo moxseneba 

saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa da 

TavisuflebaTa dacvis mdgomareobis 

Sesaxeb: 2008 wlis meore naxevari,“ 

(Tbilisi: saxalxo damcvelis aparati), 170. 




(nanaxia 2009 wlis 8 dekembers). 





Sesaxeb: 2008 wlis meore naxevari,“ 151. 





Regulation, 12; kavkasiis kvleviTi 

resursebis centri, „saqarTvelos mediis 

siRrmiseuli kvleva: Sedegebis Sejameba,“ 

10. 

52 Media.ge, Imedi TV Journalists and Cameramen 

Demand Professional Freedom, 5 May 2009, 

http://www.media.ge/en/node/35382 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 29 marts), Freedom 

House, Freedom of the Media 2010 – 

Georgia, http://www.freedomhouse.org/ 

template.cfm?page=251&year=2010 (nanaxia 


53 Transparency International Georgia, Use of 

Administrative Resources for Election Campaign 

– Local Elections 2010, 2nd Report, 17. 

54 Civil Georgia, „parlamentma 2011 wlis 

biujeti daamtkica,“ 2010 wlis 17 

dekemberi, http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id= 

23478&search= (nanaxia 2010 wlis 29 

marts). 

55 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Georgia 

Offers Russian-Language Alternative To Kremlin 

TV, 25 January 2011, http://www.rferl.org/ 

content/georgian_russian_tv/2286802.html 




57 iqve. 

58 Civil Georgia, „studia „maestros“ ofisTan 

afeTqeba moxda,“ 2009 wlis 25 maisi, 


search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 1 aprils). 

59 U.S. State Department, 2009 Human Rights 

Report: Georgia, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/ 

rls/hrrpt/2009/eur/136032.htm (nanaxia 


190 

wamyvani telekompaniebis mflobelTa vinaoba kvlav gaurkvevelia. miiCneva, 

rom xelisuflebam qveynis yvelaze gavlenian mauwyeblebze kontroli 

xelisuflebisadmi loialurad ganwyobili biznesmenebis mier SeZenis 

gziT daamyara. 47 telekompaniebis mflobelebi xelisuflebisTvis xelsayrel 

sainformacio politikas saredaqcio damoukideblobis SezRudvis 

xarjze atareben. 48 amis gamo, saredaqcio damoukideblobis nakleboba erTerT 

mTavar problemad iyo miCneuli saxalxo damcvelis 2008 wlis angariSSi. 

49 

xelisuflebis mier pirdapiri cenzuris ganxorcielebis SemTxvevebi ar 

dafiqsirebula, Tumca miiCneva, rom TviTcenzura telemediaSi gavrcelebuli 

movlenaa. 50 Jurnalistebis SromiTi kontraqtebi iSviaTad Seicavs 

maT damcav debulebebs 51 da samsaxuris dakargvis SiSi bevr maTgans aiZulebs, 

TviTcenzuras mimarTos da redaqtorebisa da menejerebis mier 

dawesebul SezRudvebs daemorCilos. 2009 wlis gazafxulze telekompania 

„imedis“ ramdenime aTeulma TanamSromelma xeli moawera peticias, romel- 

Sic isini Sida cenzurisa da telekompaniis menejmentis mier dawesebuli 

SezRudvebis gamo protests gamoTqvamdnen. Sedegad, telekompaniis ori 

Jurnalisti samsaxuridan daiTxoves, oTxma televizia protestis niSnad 

datova, xolo ramdenime xelismomweri aiZules, rom xelmowerebze uari 

eTqvaT. 52 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia xSirad Tavs ikavebs „mauwyeblobis 

Sesaxeb“ da „reklamis Sesaxeb“ kanonebis moTxovnebis Sesrulebisagan. 

kerZod, is debulebebi, romlebic xelisuflebis organoebsa da 

Tanamdebobis pirebs samauwyeblo licenziebis flobas ukrZalavs, araTu 

ar sruldeba, aramed, faqtobrivad, sistematurad irRveva. bevri adgilobrivi 

telearxi, kanonis darRveviT, dafinansebas xelisuflebis regionaluri 

organoebisgan iRebs. 53 

2011 wlis saxelmwifo biujetSi „sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblisTvis“ 25 milioni 

laria gaTvaliswinebuli. 54 amasTan erTad, prezidentis sarezervo 

fondidan rusulenovani axali ambebis arxis „pirveli kavkasiuri“ funqcionirebisTvis 

daaxloebiT 17 milioni lari gamoiyo. 55 

Jurnalistebis daSineba da Seviwroeba sistematurad ar xdeba, Tumca 

bolo wlebSi mTel rig aseT SemTxvevebs hqonda adgili. 2007 wlis noemberSi 

policiam xelisuflebis sawinaaRmdego amboxis waqezebis sababiT 

daarbia da eTeridan moxsna „imedi,“ romelic im periodSi opoziciuri 

arxi iyo. organizaciam IREX daafiqsira 2008 wlis saprezidento da saparlamento 

arCevnebis dros momxdari Jurnalistebze zewolis faqtebi, romlebsac 

ZiriTadad dedaqalaqis gareT hqonda adgili. 56 2009 wlis gazafxulze 

gamarTuli demonstraciebis dros dafiqsirda Jurnalistebis Seviwroebis 

faqtebi rogorc samarTaldamcavebis, ise opoziciis mxardam- 

WerTa mxridan. 57 2009 wlis maisSi daudgenelma pirma telekompania „maes- 

tros“ SesasvlelTan xelyumbara aafeTqa. 58 Sinagan saqmeTa saministros 

TanamSromlebma SantaJis gziT damoukidebel yovelkvireul gazeT „ba- 

Tumelebis“ wamyvani reportioris TanamSromlobaze daTanxmeba scades. 59 


2011 wlis 26 maiss TbilisSi antisamTavrobo demonstraciis daSlisas 

adgili hqonda Zaladobas Jurnalistebis mimarT policiis specrazmis 

mxridan. 60 am faqtebis umetesoba saTanadod ar gamoZiebula. 

mediis saqmianobaSi mTavrobis Carevis faqtebis garda, mTelma rigma kvlevebma 

mediis Rrma polarizacia da mikerZoebuloba gamoavlina, rac damoukidebeli 

Jurnalistikis ganviTarebis erT-erTi mTavari Semaferxebeli 

faqtoria. mediis dRis wesrigi xSirad xelisuflebis an opoziciis gavleniT 

yalibdeba da zogadad miiCneva, rom media-erTeulebis umravlesoba 

erT-erTi mxaris pozicias iziarebs. organizaciis IREX 2009 wlis „mediis 

mdgradobis indeqsSi“ aRniSnuli iyo, rom „media-erTeulebi politikuri 

dRis wesrigebiT aris gajerebuli, rac maT politikuri brZolis instrumentebad 

aqcevs partiebis xelSi.“ 61 „bertelsmanis fondis“ mier momzadebul 

angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom praqtikulad yvela telearxi, Jurnalisturi 

principebis ugulebelyofis fasad, an xelisuflebas emxroba an 

opozicias.“ 62 media-saSualebebis monitoringma, romelic „kavkasiis kvleviTi 

resursebis centris“ mier Catarebuli kvlevis nawili iyo, aCvena, 

rom is arxebi, romlebic xelsuflebis an opoziciis momxred iTvlebian, 

xSirad SecdomaSi Semyvan, arazust da Zalze mikerZoebul informacias 

gadascemen.“ 63 

organizaciis IREX kvlevis Tanaxmad, zogierT media-erTeuls, romlebic 

opoziciis mxardamWerad moiazrebian, reklamebis mizidva uWirT, radgan 

biznesmenebs ar surT, rom aseT mediasTan iyvnen asocirebuli. 64 mTavrobis 

mxardamWeri media-organizaciebi ki xSirad subsidiebs iReben pirdapir 

xelisuflebisgan an xelisuflebis momxre biznesmenebisgan. 65 

kidev erT problemur sferod rCeba saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli 

komisiis mier licenziebis gacema. 66 saxalxo damcvelma parlaments 

komisiis „TviTneburi“ gadawyvetilebebis gamoZiebisken mouwoda da aRniSna, 

rom licenziebis gacema (an argacema) politikuri zewolis instrumentad 

aris qceuli. 67 

mediis damoukideblobis TvalsazrisiT arsebuli mdgomareoba aseve gansxvavebulia 

dedaqalaqsa da regionebSi, radgan Jurnalistebi Tbilisis 

gareT ufro seriozuli gamowvevebis winaSe dganan, rac gansakuTrebiT 

Jurnalisturi Tavisuflebis SezRudvaSi gamoixateba. 68 Jurnalistebis 

uflebebis darRvevaTa umetesoba, romlebic saxalxo damcvelma dafiqsira, 

regionebSi moxda. saxalxo damcvelis angariSis Tanaxmad, adgilobrivi 

xelisuflebis organoebi, romlebic socialuri reklamebis gansaTavseblad 

regionuli telearxebis saeTero dros yiduloben, xSirad miiCneven, 

rom es maT arxebis saredaqcio politikaSi Carevis uflebas aZlevs. 

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebis Tanamdebobis pirebi xSirad mtrul 

saqcielad miiCneven iseT Cveulebriv Jurnalistur moqmedebebs, rogoricaa 

adgilobriv mcxovrebTa komentarebis Cawera. dedaqalaqSi arsebuli 

mdgomareobis msgavsad, saredaqcio damoukideblobis mxriv regioneb- 

Sic didi gansxvavebaa beWdviT da samauwyeblo media-erTeulebs Soris. 

beWdviTi saSualebebi bevrad ufro damoukidebelni da xelisuflebis 

2011 

191 

60 Civil Georgia, Watchdogs Say Excessive Force 

Used by Police, 26 May 2011, 

http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=23528 

(accessed on 23 July 2011). 










Media Sustainability Index 2009, 146; 

Transparency International Georgia, Television 





66 Freedom House, Freedom of the Press (2009) 

– Georgia (2009), http://www.freedomhouse.org/ 


(nanaxia 2010 wlis 29 ianvari). 





Sesaxeb: 2008 wlis meore naxevari,“ 

(Tbilisi: saxalxo damcvelis aparati), 160. 


11. media





Sesaxeb: 2008 wlis meore naxevari,“ 152, 

163-165. 

70 saqarTvelos kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb,“ 

muxli 61. 



192 

mimarT kritikulad ganwyobilni arian, xolo telekompaniebi adgilobrivi 

xelisuflebis mimarT ufro „damyoli“ 69 midgomiT xasiaTdebian. 


qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba mediis saqmianobis gamWvirvalobas? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba mTel rig debulebebs Seicavs, romlebic mediis 

gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelsayofad aris gamiznuli. kerZod, mauwyeblobis 

Sesaxeb kanonis cvlilebebma, romlebic parlamentma 2011 wlis 

aprilSi miiRo, gaaumjobesa samauwyeblo mediis mflobelobis gamWvirvalobasTan 

maregulirebeli normebi da ofSorul zonebSi daregistrirebuli 

iuridiuli pirebis mier mauwyeblebis floba akrZala. es wesebi 

ZalaSi jer ar Sesula, magram 2012 wels, Semdegi saarCevno ciklis dawyebamde, 

unda amoqmeddes. 

kanoni „mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ moiTxovs, rom im samewarmeo pirebma, romlebic 

samauwyeblo licenzias floben, saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnul 

komisiias yovelwliurad warudginon informacia telekompaniis menejmentis 

da im mflobelTa Sesaxeb, romlebic sainformacio saSualebis 

aqciebis 5%-s mainc floben. Tu licenziis mflobeli arakomerciuli iuridiuli 

piria, man unda waradginos informacia misi damfuZneblebis, 

wevrebis, sponsorebisa da sameTvalyureo sabWos Sesaxeb. licenziis mflobelebma 

komisias aseve unda acnobon yvela im sxva samauwyeblo licenziis 

Sesaxeb, romelsac isini floben da yvela im aqciebis Sesaxeb, romlebic 

maT sxva iseT organizaciaSi aqvT, romelic aseve samauwyeblo licenziis 

mflobelia. amasTan erTad, licenziis mflobelebi valdebulni arian, 

komisias miawodon informacia yvela im gazeTsa an axali ambebis saagentoze, 

romelTac isini floben, an maT wilze gazeTebsa da axali ambebis 

saagentoebSi, da, aseve, informacia, romelic sxva sawarmos an misi aqciebis 

flobas ukavSirdeba. damatebiTi garantiis saxiT, licenziis mflobelebma 

aseve unda waradginon msgavsi informacia maTi damfuZneblebis, aqcionerebis, 

sponsorebisa da ojaxis wevrebis Sesaxeb. 70 licenziis mflobelebma 

aqcebis mflobelTa SemadgenlobaSi momxdari cvlilebebis Sesaxeb komisias 

10 dRis ganmavlobaSi unda acnobon. 71 

2012 wlidan, samauwyeblo licenziis mflobelebi valdebulni iqnebian, 

komisias acnobon maTi menejmentis wevrebis da namdvili mflobelebis vinaobis 

Sesaxeb da miawodon detaluri informacia dafinansebis wyaroebis, 

maT Soris, reklamebiT, sponsorebisgan da SemowirulobebiT miRebuli 

Semosavlis Sesaxeb. amasTan erTad, informacia menejmentisa da namdvili 

mflobelebis Sesaxeb unda gamoqveyndes media-erTeulis veb-gverdze. 72 

kidev erTi cvlileba, romelic ZalaSi 2012 wels Sedis, ofSorul zonebSi 

bazirebuli iuridiuli pirebis mier media-erTeulebis flobis akrZalvas 


iTvaliswinebs. „ofSoruli zona“ ganmartebulia rogorc „saxelmwifo an 

teritoria, sadac informacia iuridiuli piris qonebis, saqmianobis sferos 

da mflobelebis/aqcionerebis Sesaxeb konfidencialuria“ 73 (sustma 

regulirebam, romelic kanonis axali damatebebis miRebamde arsebobda, 

Sedegad ramdenime ZiriTadi telearxis mflobelebis mier mflobelebis 

struqturis dasamalad ofSoruli zonebSi daregistrirebuli kompaniebis 

xSiri gamoyeneba gamoiwvia) 74 . ofSoruli kompaniebis mier media-sa- 

Sualebebis flobaze amgvari miTiTeba unikaluri SemTxvevaa da sxva qveynebis 

mediis maregulirebel kononmdeblobaSi iSviaTad gvxvdeba, rac 

praqtikaSi arsebul gansakuTrebiT mwvave problemebze miuTiTebs. 

radgan saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs specialuri kanonmdebloba, romelic 

beWdviTi media-saSualebebis dafuZnebas, licenzirebas da funqcionirebas 

aregulirebs, aseTi tipis media-saSualebebs gamWvirvalobis mxriv 

raime specialuri moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis valdebuleba ar gaaCniaT. 

mediis regulirebis gaumjobesebis sakiTxi 2010 wlis Semodgomaze intensiuri 

saparlamento debatebis sagani iyo. mas Semdeg, rac parlamentis 

Tavmjdomarem reformis Sesaxeb ganacxada, romelic ofSoruli kompaniebis 

mier mauwyeblebis flobis akrZalvas exeboda, media aqtivistebis erTerTma 

jgufma sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis alternatiuli paketi Seimu- 

Sava, romelic mediis mflobelebis vinaobis srul gamJRavnebas, mediaerTeulebisa 

da maTi mflobelebisken mimarTuli finansuri nakadebis 

gamWvirvalobas da sajaro informaciaze wvdomis gaumjobesebas iTvaliswinebda. 

es winadadebebi parlaments opoziciurma „qristian-demokratiulma 

moZraobam“ warudgina, 75 magram im cvlilebebSi, romlebic saparlamento 

umravlesobam 2011 wlis aprilSi miiRo, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

aqtivistebis mier SeTavazebuli winadadebebis umetesoba gaTvaliswinebuli 

ar iyo. 76 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea media praqtikaSi? 

saqarTvelos media-garemo ramdenime sakvanZo sferoSi gamWvirvalobis 

dabali xarisxiT xasiaTdeba. maT Sorisaa telekompanebis mflobeloba 

da iseTi funqcionaluri aspeqtebi, rogoricaa biznes-statistikis xelmisawvdomoba 

da eTikis kodeqsebis arseboba. 

organizacia Freedom House saqarTveloSi mediis mflobelobas „gaumWvirvales“ 

77 uwodebs, xolo organizacia IREX ki aRniSnavs, rom „wamyvani qar- 

Tuli mauwyeblebis mflobelebis vinaoba mflobelobis rTuli korporatuli 

struqturisa da sakontroli paketis mflobelTa qronikuli 

cvlis gamo ucnobi rCeba.“ 78 televiziebis mflobelTa Sesaxeb oficialuri 

informaciis ararsebobam gansxvavebuli varaudebi warmoSva sxvadasxva 

telekompaniis realuri mflobelebis Sesaxeb. arsebobs eWvebi, rom 

193 







76 Civil Georgia, „media gamWvirvalobis 

Sesaxeb cvlilebebi miRebulia,“ 2011 wlis 

8 aprili, http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id= 

23870&search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 12 maiss). 

77 Freedom House, Freedom of the Press (2009) 

– Georgia (2009), http://www.freedomhouse.org/ 


(nanaxia 2010 wlis 29 ianvars). 



11. media



Regulation, 10-11. 



Regulation, 5, 11. 

81 iqve, 7. 


Media Sustainability Index 2009, 144, 146. 




84 media-eqspert daviT paiWaZis interviu 

avtorTan. 



194 

qveynis wamyvan media-erTeulebs mTavrobis maRali rangis Tanamdebobis 

pirebi, saministroebi, mmarTveli partia an opoziciuri jgufebi akontroleben. 

imis gamo, rom ar arsebobs informacia media-organizaciebis 

(kerZod ki mauwyebelTa) realuri mflobelebis Sesaxeb, „mflobelobis 

maRali koncentraciis“ aRkveTa SeuZlebelia. 79 

magaliTad, did gaurkvevlobas iwvevs „imedisa“ da „rusTavi 2“-is mflobelobis 

sakiTxi. am ukanasknelis aqciaTa nawili daviT beJuaSvils ekuTvnis, 

romelic gavleniani biznesmeni da mmarTvali partiis warmoamdgeneli 

parlamentaria, romlis Zmac qveynis dazvervis samsaxurs xelmZRvanelobs. 

am or telekompanias, romlebic xelisuflebis ruporebad miiCneva, 2009 

wels erTiani telebazris 60 procente meti ekava. 80 

amasTanave, mflobelobis gaumWvirvale struqtura xelsayrelia im subsidiebis 

dasafarad, romlebsac media-saSualebebi xelisuflebisgan an xelisuflebis 

mxardamWeri biznesmenebisgan iReben. satelevizio reklamebis 

daaxloebiTi Rirebulebisa da im oficialuri brunvis monacemebis erTmaneTTan 

SedarebiT, romelTac telekompaniebi saqarTvelos komunikaciebis 

erovnul komisias warudgenen, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom“ 

daadgina, rom kerZo telekompaniebma daudgeneli wyaroebidan 

milionobiT lari miiRes. 81 aman mniSvnelovani uaryofiTi gavlena 

moaxdina am media-saSualebebis damoukideblobis xarisxze82 , xolo 

xelisuflebas maTze zewolis moxdena gauadvila. 83 

mdgomareoba ramdenadme gansxvavdeba beWdviTi mediis da SedarebiT mcire 

telekompaniebis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic mxolod TbilisSi mauwyebloben. 

am media-erTeulebis mflobelebis vinaoba cnobilia, Tumca maTi dafinansebis 

warmomavlobis dadgena, gansakuTrebiT gazeTebis SemTxvevaSi, 

sakmaod Znelia. 84 

rogorc organizacia IREX acxadebs, qarTuli media-erTeulebi iSviaTad 

asajaroeben informacias, romelic maT TanamSromlebs da axali ambebis 

gaSuqebisa da saredaqcio politikas exeba. gazeTebi iSviaTad amJRavneben 

maT tiraJs an gayiduli nomrebis raodenobas, xolo Tu amJRavneben, es 

monacemebi xSirad gaberilia da potenciuri reklamis mimwodeblebis misazidad 

aris gaTvlili. 85 bazris sxvadasxva aspeqtis Sesaxeb damoukidebeli 

monacemebis ararseboba seqtoris profesionalizacias da ganviTarebas 

xels uSlis. 


qula: 75 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba, rom media angariSvaldebuli 

iyos misi saqmianobis gamo? 

samauwyeblo mediis angariSvaldebulebis meqanizmebs kanonis araerTi 

norma iTvaliswinebs, magram beWdviTi mediisa da internet-mediis mare- 


gulirebeli msgavsi normebi kanonmdeblobaSi ar gvxvdeba. telemauwyeblebi 

valdebulni arian, maregulirebel orgonos yovelwliuri angari- 

Sebi warudginon da Seqmnan TviTregulirebis meqanizmebi maTi programebis 

SinaarsTan dakavSirebiT wardgenil saCivrebze reagirebisTvis. 

„mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, samauwyeblo media-erTeulebis 

saqmianobaze zedamxedvelobis ganxorcieleba saqarTvelos komunikaciebis 

erovnul komisias evaleba. samauwyeblo licenziis mflobelebi valdebulni 

arian, komisias yovelwliuri angariSebi warudginon, romlebSic 

mocemuli iqneba informacia licenziis pirobebis dacvisa da dafinansebis 

wyaroebis Sesaxeb, aseve momdevno wlis gegma da auditoris daskvna. 2012 

wlidan licenziis mflobelebi valdebulni iqnebian, komisias warudginon 

informacia dafinansebis wyaroebis Sesaxeb, romelSic cal-calke iqneba 

aRniSnuli reklamebidan, sponsorebisgan, teleSopingidan da Semowirulobebidan 

miRebuli Semosavali. amasTanave, mauwyeblebs momavali wlidan 

daekisrebaT valdebuleba, rogorc sakuTar, ise maregulireblis vebgverdze 

sistematurad gamoaqveynon ganaxlebuli informacia maTi menejmentisa 

da realuri mflobelebis Sesaxeb. 

komisia uflebamosilia, mauwyeblebs damatebiTi informaciis wardgena 

mosTxovos, xolo licenziis pirobebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi sanqciebi 

dauwesos. mauwyeblebma moTxovnili informacia komisias 15 dRis vadaSi 

unda warudginon. 86 samauwyeblo licenziis mflobelis mier saqarTvelos 

kanonmdeblobis an licenziis pirobebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, nebismier 

„dainteresebul mxares“ ufleba aqvs, saCivari waradginos rogorc saqarTvelos 

komunikaciebis erovnul komisiaSi, romelsac mauwyeblis dajarimeba 

SeuZlia, ise sasamarTloSi. amasTan, kanonis mixedviT, „licenziis 

mflobeli valdebulia, Seqmnas saCivrebis ganxilvisa da maTze reagirebis 

efeqtiani meqanizmi.“ 87 

mauwyebelTa qcevis kodeqsi, romelic saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma 

komisiam 2009 wlis martSi miiRo, angariSvaldebulebis damatebiT 

wesebs adgens. kodeqsis Tanaxmad, mauwyebels ufleba aqvs Seqmnas „TviTregulirebis 

meqanizmi,“ romelic uzrunvelyofs saCivrebis efeqtian da 

gamWvirvale ganxilvas. 88 (am TvalsazrisiT, kodeqsi naklebad kategoriulia 

kanonTan SedarebiT, romelic, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, mauwyeblebs 

am meqanizmis Seqmnas avaldebulebs.) informacia aRniSnuli meqanizmisTvis 

wardgenili saCivrebis da mis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis Sesaxeb 

mogvianebiT saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnul komisias unda waredginos 

mauwyeblis yovelwiur angariSTan erTad. 89 kodeqsi aseve adgens 

TviTregulirebis meqanizmis mier saCivrebis ganxilvisa da mis mier mi- 

Rebuli gadawyvetilebebis gasaCivrebis wesebs. 90 kodeqsi mauwyeblebisgan 

moiTxovs, rom ar dauSvan „cru da SecdomaSi Semyvani informaciis“ gavrceleba 

da adgens, rom „mniSvnelovani faqtobrivi Secdomebis Sesworeba“ 

unda moxdes „Riad da dauyovnebliv, Tanazomadi saSualebebiTa da formiT 

saTanado saeTero dros, mas Semdeg, rac mauwyeblisaTvis cnobili 

gaxdeba Secdomis Sesaxeb.“ 91 pirs, romlis mimarT programaSi braldebebi 

gamoiTqva, unda mieces drouli da jerovani pasuxis gacemis ufleba, ro- 

2011 

195 




88 mauwyebelTa qcevis kodeqsi, muxli 7. 




11. media








OSCE/ODIHR, 2008). 

95 Civil Georgia, „qristian-demokratebi 

„maestrosTvis“ licenziis gacemisken 

mouwodeben,“ 2009 wlis 3 ivnisi, 


search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 1 aprils). 



97 Media.ge, GNCC Declares Repeated 

Complaint against National Channels as 

Admissible, 18 March 2011, 

http://www.media.ge/en/node/40585 


98 media-eqspertebis, daviT paiWaZisa da nino 

danelias interviuebi avtorTan. 

99 media-eqspertebis, daviT paiWaZisa da nino 

danelias interviuebi avtorTan. 

100 media-eqspert nino danelias interviu 

avtorTan. 

196 

melic unda gaSuqdes samarTlianad da zustad da gadaices imave programiT, 

romelSic braldeba gamoiTqva. 92 beWdviT mediasTan dakavSirebiT 

kanonmdeblobaSi msgavsi debulebebi ar gvxvdeba. 


qula: 25 

ramdenad angariSvaldebulia media praqtikaSi? 

qarTuli mediis angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofa praqtikaSi problemuria, 

rac nawilobriv TviTregulirebis da regulirebis meqanizmebis 

sisustiT aris gamowveuli. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kanoni mauwyeblebs TviTregulirebis meqanizmebis 

Seqmnas avaldebulebs, romelTac maTi programebis SinaarsTan dakavSirebuli 

saCivrebi unda ganixilon, praqtikaSi arc erTi aseTi meqanizmi jer 

ar Seqmnila. 93 amasTan erTad, samTavrobo maregulirebeli organo, saqar- 

Tvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia, araefeqtiania politikuri mikerZoebulobisa 

da damoukideblobis naklebobis gamo. magaliTad, 2008 

wlis saparlamento arCevnebis dros komisiam sanqciebi ar dauwesa mTel 

rig telekompaniebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom centraluri saarCevno komisiis 

mier Catarebulma monitoringma maT mier saarCevno kampaniis gaSuqebisas 

darRvevebi gamoavlina. 94 telekompania „alania,“ romelic mTavrobis mxardaWeriT 

sargeblobs, 2008-2009 wlebSi ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi licenziis 

gareSe mauwyeblobda. 95 damoukidebeli telekompaniebis menejerebi 

miiCneven, rom komisiis gadawyvetilebebi Semwynarebluria xelisuflebis 

mxardamWeri arxebis mimarT da mkacria im arxebisadmi, romlebic 

xelisuflebis mimarT kritikulad arian ganwyobilni. 96 Tumca isic unda 

aRiniSnos, rom bolo dros komisia, damoukidebeli „studia monitoris“ mier 

saCivris wardgenis Semdeg, daTanxmda, gamoeZiebina „imedisa“ da „rusTavi 

2“-is mier sareklamo kanonmdeblobis savaraudo darRvevis faqtebi. 97 

arc erT qarTul media-erTeuls ar hyavs ombudsmeni da ar Seuqmnia forumi, 

romlis saSualebiTac sazogadoeba redaqtorebTan da reportiorebTan 

urTierTobas SeZlebda. 98 amis miuxedavad, media-erTeulebi Cveulebriv 

dainteresebul mxareebs saSualebas aZleven, rom maTTan dakav- 

Sirebul braldebebsa da maT Sesaxeb gavrcelebul informacias upasuxon. 

99 erT-erTi eqspertis TqmiT, gazeTebi zogadad cdiloben, rom gamoqveynebuli 

araswori informacia Seasworon, rodesac maT Secdomaze miu- 

TiTeben, Tumca telekompaniebi, rogorc wesi, ase ar iqcevian. 100 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba mediis warmomadgenelTa ke- 

Tilsindisierebas? 


saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi aris normebi, romlebic mediis warmomadgenelTa 

keTilsindisieri saqmianobis uzrunvelsayofad aris gamiznuli, 

Tumca es debulebebi mauwyebelTa regulirebiT Semoifargleba. 

2009 wlis martSi saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma komisiam miiRo 

qcevis kodeqsi, romelic miznad isaxavs, rom „yvela saxis mauwyebeli, gansakuTrebiT 

ki „sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli,“ Tanabari pasuxismgeblobiT 

moekidos profesiuli eTikis normebis dacvasa da sazogadoebis winaSe 

angariSvaldebulebas.“ kodeqsi amomwuravi dokumentia da Semdeg sferoebs 

moicavs: TviTregulireba da angariSvaldebuleba; sizuste; miukerZoebeli 

gaSuqeba; samarTliani mopyroba; sazogadoebriv-politikuri programebi 

da arCevnebis gaSuqeba; sazogadoebrivi azris kvlevebi; saredaqcio 

damoukidebloba; mravalferovneba, Tanasworoba da Semwynarebloba; piradi 

cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba; arasrulwlovanTa dacva; danaSauli da 

antisocialuri qmedeba; SeiaraRebuli dapirispireba, ubeduri SemTxvevebi, 

sagangebo viTareba; zianisagan da Seuracyofisagan dacva; reklama; sponsoroba; 

saavtoro uflebebi; da konkursebis Catareba da prizebis gaTamaSeba. 

kodeqsi adgens mTel rig savaldebulo wesebs TiToeul am sferoSi 

da, amave dros, Seicavs mauwyeblebisTvis gankuTvnil rekomendaciebs. 

amJamad saqarTveloSi beWdviT medias msgavsi meqanizmi ar gaaCnia. erTerTi 

eqspertis TqmiT, im eleqtronuli Tu beWdviTi media-erTeulebis 

ricxvi, romelTac sakuTari eTikis kodeqsebi an eTikis komitetebi aqvT, 

Zalze mcirea. 101 

2011 


qula: 25 

ramdenad aris mediis saqmianoba keTilsindisieri praqtikaSi? 

saqarTveloSi mniSvnelovani problemebi arsebobs praqtikaSi mediis ke- 

Tilsindisieri saqmianobis mxriv. 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis mier miRebuli qcevis kodeqsi, 

romelic wina qveTavSi iyo naxsenebi, praqtikaSi efeqtianad ar 

sruldeba da mis debulebebs sxvadasxva media-erTeulebi xSirad arRveven. 

mauwyeblebs kodeqsis darRvevisTvis samarTlebrivi sanqciebi yovelTvis 

ar ekisrebaT da maT SeuZliaT Tavad gadawyviton, rogor unda 

imoqmedon, rodesac maT darRvevebis Sesaxen acnobeben. 102 

jerac sustia profesiuli organizaciebi, romelTa mizans Jurnalistebis 

uflebebis dacva da mediis eTikis normebis cxovrebaSi gatareba warmoadgens. 

erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos- 

Tan“ saubrisas aRniSna, rom saqarTveloSi bevri Jurnalisti profesiul 

eTikas Teoriul sakiTxad aRiqvams, romelic maT praqtikul samuSaos ar 

ukavSirdeba, xolo eTikis normebis cxovrebaSi gatarebis nebismieri mcdeloba 

cenzurad miiCneva. 103 

197 

101 nino danelias interviu avtorTan. 

102 nino danelias interviu avtorTan. 

103 daviT paiWaZis interviu avtorTan. 

11. media

104 Givil Georgia, „imedis“ dadgmuli „qronika,“ 

2010 wlis 14 marti, http://civil.ge/geo/ 

article.php?id=22467&search= (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 4 aprils). 




Media Sustainability Index 2009, 148, 153. 

107 iqve, 141. 







198 

Jurnalisturi arakeTilsindisierebis TvalsaCino magaliTia ruseTis 

armiis saqarTvelos teritoriaze SemoWris amsaxveli dadgmuli axali 

ambebis reportaJi, romelic telekompania „imedma“ 2010 wlis martSi 

eTerSi ise gauSva, rom sakmaod xangrZlivi gadacemis ganmavlobaSi mkafiod 

ar miuTiTebia, rom reportaJi modelirebuli iyo. 104 

axlaxans dafuZnebuli JurnalistTa kavSiri JurnalistTa samuSao garemoze 

mniSvnelovan gavlenas jer-jerobiT ver axdens. mediis profesiuli 

asociaciebi donorebis dafinansebaze arian damokidebuli da TviTkmar 

organizaciebs ar warmoadgenen. 105 2009 wels samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

aqtivistebma TviTregulirebis meqanizmi, „saqarTvelos Jurnalisturi 

eTikis qartiis asociacia,“ daaarses, romelic calkeul Jurnalistebs 

aerTianebs. qartiis sabWo eTikis kodeqsis darRvevebTan dakavSirebul 

saCivrebs ganixilavs. organizacia IREX aRniSnavs, rom am meqanizmma garkveuli 

mxardaWera hpova, Tumca ramdenime xelmomwerma gadawyvita, rom 

iuridiuli Zalis armqone mis gadawyvetilebebs ar damorCileboda. 106 

Jurnalistebi xSirad ver axerxeben iseTi reportaJebis momzadebas, romlebic 

ramdenime wyaros eyrdnoba da, sadavo sakiTxebis gaSuqebis SemTxvevaSi, 

yvela mxaris azrs asaxavs. IREX-is daskvniT, obieqturi da kvalificiuri 

Jurnalistikis ganviTarebas xels gaZlierebuli politikuri kontroli 

da Jurnalisturi eTikis principebisadmi erTgulebis nakleboba 

uSlis. 107 rogorc zemoT aRniSna, qarTuli media-erTeulebis ukiduresi 

polarizaciisa da mikerZoebulobis, saredaqcio zewolis, resursebisa 

da kvalificiuri kadrebis naklebobis gamo, bevri Jurnalisti profesiul 

standartebs ugulebelyobs da movlenebs mikerZoebulad da arazustad 

aSuqebs. 108 

korufciis faqtebis gamoZieba da mxileba (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad da warmatebulad iZiebs da amxels media korufciis 

faqtebs? 

qarTuli media, mTlianobaSi, korufciis faqtebis gamoZiebisa da mxilebis 

mxriv ukanasknel wlebSi gansakuTrebuli aqtiurobiT an warmatebiT ar 

gamoirCeva. sagamoZiebo JurnalistikiT mxolod beWdviTi media da ramdenime 

telestudiaa dakavebuli, xolo wamyvani telearxebi, romlebic 

mTeli qveynis masStabiT mauwyebloben, amJamad am Janris gadacemebs ar 

amzadeben. 

organizacia IREX acxadebs, rom sagamoZiebo Jurnalistika qarTul media 

sivrceSi „iSviaTia“ da aRniSnavs, rom am Janris ganviTarebas xels „cudi 

sagamoZiebo unar-Cvevebi“ da „angariSsworebis mzardi SiSi“ uSlis. 109 organizacia 

Freedom House varaudobs, rom Jurnalistebs korufciis SesaZlo 

faqtebis gamoZiebisas SesaZlo sasjelis SiSi abrkolebs. 110 korufciis 

savaraudo faqtebis gamoZiebas is garemoebac aferxebs, rom xelisufleba 


xSirad Jurnalistebs xels uSlis sajaro informaciis, gansakuTrebiT ki 

iseTi informaciis miRebaSi, romelic samarTaldamcavi organoebis saqmianobasa 

da mTavrobis mier gaweul xarjebs exeba. 111 

mediis unari, amxilos korufciis faqtebi, mniSvnelovnad aris Semcirebuli 

xelisuflebaze misi damokidebulebis gamo. es gansakuTrebiT ZiriTad 

nacionalur mauwyeblebs exeba. sagamoZiebo Jurnalistikis programebi 

„rusTavi 2“-is badidan „vardebis revoluciis“ Semdeg maleve gaqra, xolo 

mas Semdeg, rac 2008 wels telekompania „imedis“ aqciebi savaraudod xelisuflebis 

momxre biznesmenma, jozef qeim, Seisyida, isini am telekompaniis 

badidanac amoiRes. sagamoZiebo Jurnalistikis Janris gadacemebi amJamad 

arc „saqarTvelos sazogadoebriv mauwyebels“ aqvs. 

dResdReobiT sagamoZiebo Janris dokumenturi filmebis umetesobas ramdenime 

damoukidebeli studia iRebs, romlebic ucxoeli donorebis mier 

finansdebian. nacionaluri arxebi uars amboben am filmebis eTerSi gaSvebaze, 

imis miuxedavad, rom studiebi maT sakuTar produqcias ufasod sTavazoben. 

amis gamo, es filmebi mxolod telekompaniebis „kavkasiis“ da „maestros“ 

eTerSi gadis, romlebic mxolod dedaqalaqSi mauwyebloben. 112 2009 

wels ganxorcielebulma qarTuli mediis analizma cxadhyo, rom arc erT 

qarTul arxze specialuri sagamoZiebo programebi ar gadis, imis miuxedavad, 

rom erT-erTi gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, respondentTa 75% aseTi gadacemebis 

naxvas isurvebda. 113 sagamoZiebo JurnalistikiT arian dakavebuli 

mTeli rigi centraluri da adgilobrivi gazeTebic, Tumca, rogorc erTerTma 

eqspertma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, 

maTi gamoZiebis Sedegebi yovelTvis saTanadod dokumentirebuli da dasabuTebuli 

ar aris, rac maT sandoobas eWvqveS ayenebs. 114 

2011 

sazogadoebis informireba korufciisa da misi Sedegebis 

Sesaxeb (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad da warmatebulad axdens media sazogadoebis informirebas 

korufciisa da qveyanisTvis misi Sedegebis Sesaxeb? 

iseve, rogorc sagamoZiebo Jurnalistikis SemTxvevaSi, qarTuli media 

korufciisa da qveynisTvis misi Sedegebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis informirebis 

TvalsazrisiT aqtiurobiTa da warmatebiT ar gamoirCeva. 

erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSorisi gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, 

rom bolo wlebSi korufciasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze sazogadoebis 

informirebis roli Tavis Tavze mTavrobam aiRo da am sferoSi 

mediis saqmianoba ZiriTadad korufciaSi dadanaSaulebuli sajaro moxeleebis 

dapatimrebis Sesaxeb policiis mier momzadebuli kadrebis eTer- 

Si gaSvebiT Semoifargleba, romlebic xSirad faruli kameriT aris gada- 

Rebuli. misi TqmiT, media Cveulebriv xelisuflebisgan mza ambebs iRebs 

da damoukidebel kvlevas naklebad awarmoebs. 115 

199 








Sedegebis Sejameba,“ 6, 10. 



11. media




Sedegebis Sejameba,“ 8–9. 




119 iqve, 20. 

200 

qarTul telekompaniebs amJamad ar aqvT specialuri gadacemebi, romelTa 

mizani korufciisa da misi Sdegebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis informirebaa 

iqneboda. 

sazogadoebis informireba mmarTvelobasTan dakavSirebul 

sakiTxebze (praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad da warmatebulad axdens media sazogadoebis informirebas 

mTavrobisa da sxva mmarTveli organoebis saqmianobaze? 

saqarTveloSi bevri sainformacio saSualebaa da isini sazogadoebas 

SexedulebaTa farTo speqtrsa da mravalferovan politikur programebs 

sTavazoben. Tumca media-erTeulebis umetesobis damoukideblobis dabali 

xarisxi da aSkara mikerZoebuloba maT xSirad xels uSlis, miawodon 

sazogadoebas dabalansebuli informacia mTavrobisa da sxva saxelmwifo 

institutebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb. qarTveli Jurnalistebis umravlesoba 

mxolod zogad codnas flobs da konkretuli sakiTxebis Rrma codniT ar 

gamoirCeva. 

rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, qarTuli media-sivrce amJamad media-erTeulebis 

Rrma polarizaciiTa da mikerZoebulobiT xasiaTdeba, rac Jurnalistebs 

mimdinare movlenebis obieqturad da dabalansebulad gaSuqebas ur- 

Tulebs. organizacia Freedom House varaudobs, rom zogierT Jurnalists 

mTavrobis Ria kritikasa da winaaRmdegobrivi politikuri sakiTxebis ga- 

SuqebaSi xels SesaZlo negatiuri Sedegebis SiSi uSlis. 116 

2009 wels Catarebulma qarTuli mediis analizma aCvena, rom „rusTavi 2,“ 

„imedi“ da „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli“ Tavs ikavebdnen 

eTerSi iseTi reportaJebis gaSvebisgan, romlebsac SeiZleboda cudad 

emoqmeda xelisuflebis imijze, xolo „maestro“ da „kavkasia“ ar gadascemdnen 

iseT axal ambebs, romlebsac opoziciis Sesaxeb negatiuri sazogadoebrivi 

azris Seqmna SeeZlo. media-monitoringma, romelic xsenebuli 

kvlevis nawili iyo, aCvena, rom rogorc xelisuflebis, ise opoziciis mxardamWeri 

arxebi xSirad „SecdomaSi Semyvan, arazust da Zalze mikerZoebul“ 

informacias gadascemdnen. 117 

qarTuli mediis kidev erT kvlevaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom sami ZiriTadi 

telearxis („rusTavi 2,“ „imedi“ da „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli“) 

Jurnalistebs Soris konkurencia ar arsebobs. amis gamo, maTi axali 

ambebis gamoSvebebi praqtikulad erTmaneTis identuria, radgan isini er- 

Tsa da imave movlenas TiTqmis erTnairad aSuqeben da „Tavs ikaveben iseTi 

siuJetebis eTerSi gaSvebisgan, romlebSic prezidentis da misi mTavrobis 

kritikaa gamoTqmuli.“ 118 imave kvlevaSi mocemuli iyo daskvna, rom qarTul 

tele-sivrceSi naklebad moipoveba gadacemebi, sadac Jurnalistebi yvela 

politikuri banakis warmomadgenel politikosebs rTul kiTxvebs usvamen 

da akritikeben. 119 


am problemebma daaqveiTa mediis unari, gaaSuqos iseTi mniSvnelovani 

politikuri movlenebi, rogorocaa saarCevno kampaniebi. euTo-s demokratiuli 

institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ofisis misiam, romelic 

2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebs akvirdeboda, 

daaskvna, rom bevri qarTuli media-saSualeba maTi mflobelebis mZlavr 

zegavlenas ganicdida, xolo SedarebiT damoukidebel saredaqcio politikas 

mxolod ramdenime maTgani atarebda. 120 misiis azriT, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom media zogadad amomrCevlebs mosazrebaTa farTo speqtrs sTavazobda, 

„sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ garda, yvela arxi saarCevno kampanias 

daubalanseblad aSuqebda da ZiriTadi arxebis axali ambebis gamoSvebebSi 

ar figurirebda damoukidebeli da xelisuflebis saqmianobis mimarT kritikuli 

mosazrebebi, agreTve kandidatebis saarCevno plaTformebis analizi. 

121 

mediis monitoringma, romelic „kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centrma“ 

(CRRC) 2010 wlis arCevnebis periodSi Caatara, daadastura, rom rogorc 

xelisuflebis momxre, ise opoziciuri arxebi mowinaaRmdege banakis mimarT 

negatiuri da xSirad agresiuli midgomiTac gamoirCeodnen, maT 

mier gavrcelebuli informacia ki xSirad calmxrivi iyo. „kavkasiis kvleviTi 

resursebis centris“ daskvniT, politikuri Toq-Souebi „subieqturobiT, 

profesionalizmis dabali doniT da mikerZoebulobiT“ xasiaTdeboda.“ 

rogorc axali ambebis gamoSvebebSi, ise Toq-SouebSi, Jurnalistebi 

warmoadgendnen informacias, romlis wyaro sando ar iyo an saerTod ar 

iyo naxsenebi. 122 

„saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ mimarT gamoiTqva kritika, rom 

man arc erTi satelevizio Toq-Sou ar dauTmo mniSvnelovan sakonstitucio 

cvlilebebs, romlebic parlamentma 2010 wlis seqtemberSi daamtkica. 

123 „pirvelma arxma“ ki ar gaaSuqa omis veteranebis antisaxelisuflebo 

saproteqsto aqciis daSla 2011 wlis dasawyisSi, ramac kiTxvebi gaaCina 

misi saredaqcio damoukideblobis Sesaxeb. 124 

dadebiTi movlena iyo „sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis“ „meore arxis“ reforma 

(romelic mxolod TbilisSi vrceldeba). „meore arxi“ daumontaJeblad, 

pirdapir eTerSi gadascems parlamentSi mimdinare debatebsa da sakomiteto 

mosmenebs, aseve, partiebis, maT Soris, opoziciuri partiebis preskonferenciebs. 

125 mTlianobaSi, miiCneva, rom „saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivma 

mauwyebelma“ mniSvnlovani nabijebi gadadga, raTa gansxvavebuli 

mosazrebebis forumi gamxdariyo. 126 

2011 

201 

120 OSCE/ODIHR Georgia: Municipal Elections, 


Observation Mission Final Report (Warsaw: 

OSCE/ODIHR, 2010), 14. 

121 iqve, 15. 

122 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) 

Georgia/CRRC, Media Monitoring of the 

Election Campaign: Final Report, August 2010, 

http://undp.org.ge/files/ 

24_975_639258_MM-CRRC-report- 

201007.pdf (nanaxia 2011 wlis 29 marts). 

123 Civil Georgia, „sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli 

sakonstitucio ganxilvebis 

„ignorirebisTvis“ gaakritikes,“ 2010 wlis 

14 seqtemberi, http://civil.ge/geo/article. 

php?id=23144&search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

30 marts). 

124 Civil Georgia, „sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli 

aqciis daSlis ar gaSuqebis mizezebs 

ganmartavs,“ 2011 wlis 5 ianvari, 


search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 29 marts); Neil 

MacFarlane: Post-Revolutionary Georgia on the 

Edge?, 13, http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/ 

publications/papers/view/-/id/1027/ 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 29 marti). 

125 Civil Georgia, „13 partia politikuri arxis 

pirobebze Tanxmdeba,“ 2010 wlis 22 

Tebervali, http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id 

=22378&search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 30 

marts). 



11. media

12. biznesi 

202 

reziume 

saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo baza, zogadad, xelsayrelia biznesebisTvis, 

radgan registraciis procesi martivi da swrafia, xolo saxelmwifo regulirebis 

tvirTi – mcire. Tumca, kerZo kompaniebis damoukidebloba srulad 

mxolod kanonis donezea uzrunvelyofili. praqtikaSi, kerZo seqtoris 

damoukideblobas eWvqveS ayenebs srulad damoukidebeli sasamarTlos 

ararseboba, rac, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, biznesis saqmianobaSi mTavrobis 

ukanono Carevisgan da sakuTrebis uflebis xelyofisgan mis daucvelobas 

ganapirobebs. biznes-seqtoris keTilsindisiereba sakmarisad uzrunvelyofili 

ar aris arc kanonis doneze da arc praqtikaSi. biznes 

seqtori amJamad mTavrobis antikorufciul politikaSi ar monawileobs, 

xolo samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan misi kavSiri sustia. 


Sefasebulia biznesis SesaZleblobebi, Sida marTva da misi roli saqarTvelos 

antikorufciul sistemaSi. am Tavis danarCen nawilSi warmodgenilia 









roli antikorufciul 

25/100 politikaSi monawileoba 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

25 

mxardaWera/masTan TanamSromloba 25 


2011 


bolo wlebSi saqarTvelos mTavroba deregulaciisa da biznesis administraciuli 

barierebis Semcirebis politikas atarebs. amis Sedegad, komerciuli 

sawarmoebis maregulirebel kanonebSi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi 

Sevida da miRebul iqna ramdenime axali kanoni. ZiriTadi sakanonmdeblo 

normebi, romlebic saqarTveloSi biznesis saqmianobas aregulirebs, mocemulia 

kanonSi „mewarmeTa Sesaxeb,“ sagadasaxado kodeqssa da samoqalaqo 

kodeqsSi. biznesis saqmianoba bevri sxva kanoniTac regulirdeba. 

saqarTveloSi bzinesis yvelaze gavrcelebuli forma mcire zomis firmaa. 

firmebis sam meoTxedze mets SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebebi 

(Sps) Seadgenen. didi kompaniebis 65 procenti adgilobrivi mflobelebis 

sakuTrebaa, saSualo da mcire sawarmoebis SemTxvevaSi ki adgilobrivi 

mesakuTreobis wili 93-94 procents utoldeba. 2010 wlis bolos saqarTvelos 

safondo birJaze 138 kompania iyo registrirebuli, romelTa mTliani 

sabazro kapitalizacia 1.06 miliard dolars Seadgenda. 1 2011 wlis 

TebervalSi saxelmwifo aqciebs 1,150-ze met sawarmoSi flobda. 2 privatizaciis 

mimdinare procesis Sedegad, saxelmwifo mflobelobaSi myofi 

sawarmoebis ricxvi mkveTrad Semcirda. finansuri seqtoris 95 procents 

bankebi Seadgenen. 3 

Sefaseba 


qula: 75 

ramdenad qmnis kanonmdebloba xelsayrel garemos sawarmoebis Semnisa 

da funqcionirebisTvis? 

saqarTvelos, zogadad, biznesisTvis xelsayreli sakanonmdeblo baza aqvs. 

qveyanam 2011 wlis msoflio bankis biznesis warmoebis siiolis kvlevaSi 

me-12 adgili daikava msoflios masStabiT. 4 

msoflio bankis kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo biznesis dawyebis 

siadvilis mixedviT msoflioSi me-8 adgilzea, radgan aq es procesi mxolod 

sami safexurisgan Sedgeba („ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganvi- 

Tarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) saSualo maCvenebeli 5,6-ia): Sesabamis saxelmwifo 

uwyebaSi registracia, saregistracio gadasaxadis gadaxda da 

korporatiuli sabanko angariSis gaxsna. 5 sawarmoebis registracia sajaro 

reestris erovnul saagentoSi xdeba. registraciaze uari SeiZleba sasamarTloSi 

gasaCivrdes. 6 biznesis likvidaciis gadawyvetilebis registraciac 

amave saagentoSi unda moxdes. kanoni moiTxovs, rom biznesis likvidaciis 

procedura aseTi gadawyvetilebis registraciidan oTxi Tvis vadaSi 

dasruldes. 7 organizaciam Heirtage Foundation sawarmos daxurvis saqarTveloSi 

arsebuli procedurebi daaxasiaTa, rogorc „SedarebiT martivi.“ 

8 

203 

1 evro-aziuri qveynebis safondo birJebis 

federacia, http://www.feas.org/ 

Member.cfm?MemberID=10 (nanaxia 2011 

wlis 21 Tebervals). 

2 ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis 

saministros sawarmoTa marTvis saagento, 

http://ema.gov.ge (nanaxia 2011 wlis 21 

Tebervals). 

3 saqarTvelos erovnuli banki, wliuri 

angariSi 2009, (Tbilisi: saqarTvelos 

erovnuli banki, 2009), 73. 

4 The World Bank and the International Finance 

Corporation, Doing Business 2011: Georgia 

(Washington: The International Bank for 

Reconstruction and Development/The World 

Bank, 2011), 2. 

5 iqve, 10. 

6 saqarTvelos kanoni „mewarmeTa Sesaxeb,“ 


muxlebi 4–5 (3). 




index/download (accessed on 8 February 

2011). 

12. biznesi


Coporation, Ease of Doing Business in Georgia, 

http://doingbusiness.org/data/ 

exploreeconomies/georgia#starting-a-business 

(nanaxia 2011 wlis 8 Tebervals). 

10 saqarTvelos kanoni „investiciebis 

saxelmwifo mxardaWeris Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 2006 wlis 30 ivniss. 

11 European Commission, 2010, Implementation of 

the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2009: 

Progress Report Georgia, http://ec.europa.eu/ 

world/enp/pdf/progress2010/sec10_518_en. 

pdf. 

12 saqarTvelos kanoni „Tavisufali 

vaWrobisa da konkurenciis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 2005 wlis 3 ivniss. 


14 saqarTvelos kanoni „aucilebeli 

sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisTvis sakuTrebis 

CamorTmevis wesis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1999 

wlis 23 ivliss, muxlebi 2–3, 6, 8. 

15 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, 

miRebulia 1997 wlis 26 ivniss, wigni meore. 

16 „saqarTvelos sapatento kanoni,“ 

miRebulia 1999 wlis 5 Tebervals; 

saqarTvelos kanoni „saavtoro da 

momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 

1999 wlis 22 ivniss; da saqarTvelos 

kanoni „sasaqonlo niSnebis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 1999 wlis 5 Tebervals. 

17 saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi, wigni 

mesame. 



http://doingbusiness.org/data/ 

exploreeconomies/georgia#enforcing-contracts 





204 

sakanonmdeblo garemos mTeli rigi sxva aspeqtebi biznesisTvis Zalze 

xelsayrelia. msoflio bankis SefasebiT, saqarTveloSi mTliani sagadasaxado 

tvirTi mogebis 15,3 procents Seadgens (OECD-is saSualo maCvenebeli 

43 procentia). qonebis registracia mxolod erT proceduras moicavs 

(OECD-is saSualo maCvenebelia 4,8), xolo samSeneblo nebarTvis mosapoveblad 

10 proceduris gavlaa saWiro (OECD-is saSualo maCvenebelia 

15,8). 9 „investiciebis saxelmwifo mxardaWeris Sesaxeb“ kanonis safuZvelze 

Seqmnilia erovnuli sainvesticio saagento, romelsac investorebisTvis 

sxvadasxva licenziebisa da nebarTvebis daCqarebuli proceduriT aRebaSi 

daxmarebis gaweva evaleba. 10 2005 wlis „Tavisufali vaWrobisa da 

konkurenciis Sesaxeb“ kanonis safuZvelze (romelic antimonopoliur debulebebs 

ar Seicavs 11 ) Seqmnilia Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis 

saagento, romlis amocanas saxelmwifo organoebis mxridan biznesis mimarT 

diskriminaciuli qmedebebis aRkveTa warmoadgens. 12 

sakuTrebis ufleba daculia saqarTvelos konstituciiT, romelic acxadebs, 

rom sakuTrebis CamorTmeva dasaSvebia mxolod aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi 

saWiroebisTvis kanoniT pirdapir gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi 

da samarTliani anazRaurebis pirobiT. 13 aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi 

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifos SeuZlia, moaxdinos kerZo sakuTrebis 

eqspropriacia, magram eqspropriacia mxolod prezidentis brZanebulebis 

an sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT SeiZleba ganxorcieldes. saxelmwifo 

valdebulia, CamorTmeuli qonebis mesakuTres SesTavazos Sesabamisi 

sakompensacio Tanxa, romlis odenobis gasaCivreba mesakuTres sasamarTloSi 

SeuZlia. 14 im garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saqarTveloSi 

aRmasrulebel Stos sasamarTlo xelisuflebaze gadametebuli gavlena 

aqvs (rac ufro dawvrilebiT ganxilulia am Tavis momdevno qveTavebsa da 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb TavSi), kanonis am debulebebma, SesaZloa, 

problemebi gamoiwvios. 

samoqalaqo kodeqsi sakuTrebis uflebiT sargeblobis Sesaxeb detalur 

debulebebs Seicavs. 15 inteleqtualur sakuTrebas mTeli rigi kanonebi 

icavs, maT Soris, kanoni „saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb,“ „saqarTvelos 

sapatento kanoni“ da kanoni „sasaqonlo niSnebis Sesaxeb.“ 16 

samoqalaqo kodeqsi aseve did yuradRebas uTmobs kontraqtebis aRsrulebis 

procedurebs. 17 msoflio bankis biznesis warmoebis siadvilis kvlevaSi 

kontraqtebis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdeblobis kuTxiT 

saqarTvelos reitingi ufro dabalia, vidre qveynis saerTo reitingi da 

qveyanas kontraqtis aRsrulebisTvis aucilebeli procedurebis ricxvis 

mxrivac OECD-is saSualo maCvenebeleze (31,2) uaresi Sedegi aqvs (36). 18 

amasTan erTad, „globaluri konkurentunarianobis“ kvlevis angariSSi 

sasamarTlo davebis mogvarebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdeblobis mxriv 

saqarTvelos 139 qveyanas Soris 89-e adgili uWiravs. 19 


qula: 50 

ramdenad SesaZlebelia biznesebis Seqmna da efeqtiani funqcionireba 

praqtikaSi? 


iznesebis registracia martivi da iafi proceduraa da saxelmwifo regulirebis 

saerTo tvirTic mcirea. amis miuxedavad, sakuTrebis uflebebi 

(maT Soris, inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis ufleba) saqarTveloSi saTanadod 

daculi ar aris. 

eqspertebma, romlebsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSnes, rom registraciis procesi praqtikaSic iseve advilia, 

rogorc kanoniT. 20 erT-erTma eqspertma aRniSna, rom organoebi, romlebic 

sawarmoebis registracias axdenen, amJamad teqnikurad Zalze kargad 

arian aRWurvilni da am garemoebam registraciis procesi bevrad gaaumjobesa. 

man aseve aRniSna, rom saqarTvelom am mxriv bevr ufro mdidar 

qveyanasac gauswro. 21 msoflio bankis angariSSic aRniSnulia, rom saqarTveloSi 

biznesis registracia praqtikaSi SedarebiT martivia da am 

proceduras saSualod sami dRe sWirdeba (OECD-is saSualo maCvenebeli 

13,8 dRea), xolo registraciis Rirebuleba erT sulze Semosavlis 5 procents 

Seadgens (rac axlosaa OECD-is saSualo maCvenebelTan, romelic 

5,3 procents Seadgens, da ufro dabalia, vidre aRmosavleT evropisa da 

centraluri aziis qveynebis saSualo maCvenebeli – 8,5 procenti). 22 

saqarTvelos ramdenime sxva aspeqtiTac xelsayreli biznes garemo aqvs. is 

gamokvleul qveynebs Soris me-2 adgilzea qonebis registraciis siadviliT, 

23 me-4 adgilzea saxelmwifo regulaciebis tvirTis simciriT da me–7 

adgilzea mTliani sagadasaxado ganakveTis simciriT; 24 kompaniebis menejerebi 

saxelmwifo regulaciebis Sesasruleblad maTi drois mxolod 2 

procents xarjaven, rac aRmosavleT evropasa da centralur aziaSi yvelaze 

dabali maCvenebelia, xolo qarTuli firmebi saqmianobisas ufro 

nakleb korufcias awydebian, vidre aRmosavleT evropisa da centraluri 

aziis kompaniebi. 25 

biznesis likvidacia da gakotrebis gamocxadeba SedarebiT met problemas 

ukavSirdeba. msoflio bankis kvlevis Tanaxmad, am process SesaZloa, 3,3 

wlamde dasWirdes, rac sagrZnoblad meti droa, vidre OECD-is qveynebis 

saSualo maCvenebeli (1,7 weli), Tumca am proceduris Rirebuleba OECD-is 

saSualo maCvenebelze ufro dabalia (sawarmos Rirebulebis 4 procenti 

saqarTveloSi da 9,1 procenti OECD-is monacemebiT). 26 eqspertma, romelsac 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, aseve aRniSna, 

rom biznesis likvidaciis procesi praqtikaSi arajerovnad aris garTulebuli, 

radgan sagadasaxado organoebi sawarmoebs zedmetad mkacr moTxovnebs 

uweseben. 27 

saqarTveloSi sakuTrebis ufleba yovelTvis daculi ar aris. marTalia 

2006-2007 wlebis uZravi qonebis bumis Semdeg, roca „kerZo sakuTrebaze 

namdvili Seteva“ 28 ganxorcielda, mdgomareoba gaumjobesda, magram xelisufleba 

drodadro qonebis eqspropriacias isev axdens. es gansakuTrebiT 

im regionebSi xdeba, romlebic turistuli infrastruqturis ganviTarebisTvis 

aris SerCeuli. eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom saqarTveloSi, zogadad, sakuTrebis 

ufleba im SemTxvevaSia daculi, Tu konkretuli kerZo sakuT- 

2011 

205 

20 daviT narmanias (`kavkasiis ekonomikisa da 

socialuri kvlevis institutis“ 

aRmasrulebeli direqtori) interviu 


dekemberi; nino evgeniZis („ekonomikuri 

politikis kvleviTi centris“ proeqtebis 

menejeri) interviu avtorTan, Tbilisi, 

2011 wlis 21 ianvari. 






http://doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/ 

georgia#starting-a-business (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

8 Tebervals). 

23 iqve. 

24 iqve. 



Series (The World Bank and the International 

Finance Corporation, 2009), 1, 4. 



http://doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/ 

georgia#closing-a-business (nanaxia 2011 wlis 

8 Tebervals). 

27 daviT narmanias interviu avtorTan. 



avtorTan. 

12. biznesi



avtorTan. 

30 daviT narmanias interviu avtorTan; nino 

evgeniZis interviu avtorTan. 






index/Country/Georgia (nanaxia 2011 wlis 8 

Tebervals). 

33 BBC News, “Software Piracy Continues Global 

Rise”, 11 May 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/ 

news/10107774 (nanaxia 2010 wlis 24 

ianvars). 

34 Eurasianet.org, “Georgia: Tbilisi's Reliance on 

Pirated Software Leaves Government 

Vulnerable to Cyber-Attack”, 27 January 

2010, http://www.eurasianet.org/ 

departments/insightb/articles/ 

eav012810a.shtml (nanaxia 2010 wlis 24 

ianvars). 

35 American Chamber of Commerce in Georgia, 

Letter to Prime Minister Nika Gilauri, 7 

February 2011. 



Series (The World Bank and the International 

Finance Corporation, 2009), 4. 


38 saqarTvelos kanoni „samewarmeo 

saqmianobis kontrolis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 3. 

206 

rebiT saxelmwifo ar aris dainteresebuli. 29 sxva eqspertebma aRniSnes, 

rom mesakuTreebi qonebis konfiskaciis gadawyvetilebebis winaaRmdeg 

sasamarTloSi aRZrul sarCelebs iSviaTad igeben. 30 sakuTrebis dacvis 

kuTxiT saqarTveloSi arsebuli problemebi saerTaSoriso kvlevebis SedegebSic 

aisaxa. msoflio ekonomikuri forumis globaluri konkurentunarianobis 

indeqsSi saqarTvelos sakuTrebis uflebis dacvis mixedviT 

139 qveynidan 120-e adgili uWiravs. 31 organizaciis Heritage Foundation 

„ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsSi“ ki sakuTrebis uflebis dacvis mxriv 

saqarTvelom 100 SesaZleblidan mxolod 40 qula miiRo (rac bevrad naklebia 

qveynis saerTo qulaze _ 70,4). 32 

qveyanaSi saTanadod arc inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis uflebaa daculi. 

erT-erT bolodroindel kvlevaSi saqarTvelo aralicenzirebuli kompiuteruli 

programebis msoflioSi pirvel momxmareblad dasaxelda. 33 gamoiTqmis 

varaudi, rom aseTi kompiuteruli programebis gamoyeneba far- 

Tod aris gavrcelebuli rogorc sajaro, ise kerZo seqtorSi. sxvadasxva 

samTavrobo uwyebebSi arsebuli kompiuterebis daaxloebiT 70 procentSi 

aralicenzirebuli programebi gamoiyeneba. 34 

biznesis warmomadgenlebma gaakritikes 2010 wlis dekemberSi „sajaro reestris 

Sesaxeb“ kanonSi Setanili cvlilebebi, romelTa mixedviT yvela 

garigebaze, romelic sakuTrebas exeba, savaldebulo registracia iqna 

SemoRebuli. 35 


qula: 100 

ramdenad arsebobs kerZo biznesis saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevis 

ardaSvebis sakanonmdeblo garantiebi? 

kanonmdebloba ar Seicavs iseT debulebebs, romlebic mTavrobas biznesis 

saqmianobaSi gadametebuli Carevis uflebas miscemda. 36 

konstituciiT garantirebulia saxelmwifo organoebis ukanono qmedebebis 

Sedegad miyenebuli zaralis „sruli anazRaurebis“ sasamarTlo wesiT 

miRebis ufleba. 37 kanoni „samewarmeo saqmianobis kontrolis Sesaxeb,“ pirdapir 

acxadebs, rom mewarmeebs ufleba aqvT, miiRon ukanono SemowmebiT 

miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba. 38 

samewarmeo saqmianobaze saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobas specialuri kanoni 

aregulirebs, romelic moiTxovs, rom saxelmwifo organoebma samewarmeo 

saqmianobis kontroli mxolod kanoniT dadgenili wesiT ganaxorcielon. 

kanoni aseve adgens, rom aseTi kontroli mxolod makontrolebelma organom 

unda awarmoos da mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze. 

mosamarTlem mewarmis Semowmebis nebarTva mxolod maSin unda gasces, 

rodesac makontrolebeli organo mas warudgens informacias mewarmis 

mier kanonmdeblobis savaraudo darRvevis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlos mier 


nebarTvis gacemis SemTxvevaSi, makontrolebel organos ufleba aqvs, 

mewarme mxolod im sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT Seamowmos, romelic sasamar- 

Tlos gadawyvetilebaSia miTiTebuli. Semowmebis dawyebamde makontrolebeli 

organo valdebulia, mewarmes gadasces misi uflebebisa da movaleobebis 

werilobiTi CamonaTvali. Tu mewarme makontrolebelma organom 

Seamowma, imave sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT misi Semowmebis ufleba sxva 

organos ar aqvs. sasamarTlo nebarTvis mopovebis valdebuleba im saxelmwifo 

organoebzec vrceldeba, romlebic komerciuli sawarmoebis Semowmebas 

samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier warmoebuli gamoZiebis farglebSi 

axorcieleben. gamonaklisebi, romdesac Semowmebis Casatareblad 

sasamarTlos nebarTva ar moiTxoveba, gonivrulia da moicavs sagadasaxado 

organoebis mier Catarebul sagadasaxado kontrolis RonisZiebebsa 

da Sesabamisi uwyebebis mier Catarebul garemosdacviTi xasiaTis 

Semowmebebs. 39 

sagadasaxado kontrolis RonisZiebebis Catarebis wesebi aseve gonivrulia. 

kanoni adgens, rom aseTi Semowmebebi mxolod specialurma sagadasaxado 

organom unda ganaxorcielos da Semowmebam sawarmos Cveulebrivi 

saqmianoba ar unda SeaCeros. gadasaxadebis gadamxdels mosalodneli Semowmebis 

Sesaxeb sul mcire 10 dRiT adre unda ecnobos. Tu Semowmebis 

Catareba gadaudebel aucileblobas warmoadgens, is SeiZleba winaswari 

Setyobinebis gareSe ganxorcieldes, magram amisaTvis mosamarTlis nebarTvaa 

saWiro. 40 

sagadasaxado kodeqsi Seicavs specialur Tavs, romelic gadasaxadebis 

gadamxdelTa dacvas exeba. kanoniT, gadasaxadis gadamxdelebs ufleba 

aqvT, gadasaxadebTan dakavSirebuli informacia sagadasaxado organoebis 

garda sxva saxelmwifo organoebs ar gaumxilon, xolo sagadasaxado 

organoebs evalebaT, daicvan gadasaxadis gadamxdelebTan dakavSirebuli 

informaciis saidumloeba. gadasaxadis gadamxdelebs ufleba aqvT, 

gaasaCivron sagadasaxado organoebis qmedebebi da gadawyvetilebebi da 

uari Tqvan maTi iseTi moTxovnebis Sesrulebaze, romlebic kanons ewinaaRmdegeba. 

amasTan erTad, kanoni pirdapir acxadebs, rom gadasaxadis gadamxdelTa 

uflebebis darRveva dasjadi qmedebaa da gadasaxadis gadamxdelebs 

aniWebs uflebas, moiTxovon anazRaureba im zianis gamo, romelic 

maT sagadasaxado organoebis ukanono qmedebebis da gadawyvetilebebis 

gamo miadgaT. kanonis safuZvelze, Seqmnilia sagadasaxado ombudsmenis 

aparati, romelic saqarTveloSi gadasaxadis gadamxdelTa uflebebisa da 

interesebis dacvaze zedamxedvelobas axorcielebs. sagadasaxado ombudsmens, 

parlamentis TavmjdomaresTan SeTanxmebiT, premier-ministri niSnavs 

da is valdebulia, parlamentis winaSe yovelwliuri angariSebiT 

wardges. 41 

sagadasaxado davebi SesaZlebelia, ganxilul iqnes an finansTa saministros 

sistemaSi (jer Semosavlebis samsaxurSi da Semdeg davebis ganxilvis 

specialur sabWoSi) an sasamarTloSi. momCivanebs SeuZliaT, finansTa saministros 

sistemaSi davis ganxilvis nebismier etapze mimarTon sasamar- 

Tlos. 42 

2011 

207 

39 saqarTvelos kanoni „samewarmeo 

saqmianobis kontrolis Sesaxeb,“ muxli 1, 

3-5. 

40 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi, 




12. biznesi




avtorTan. 

45 es sakiTxi ufro dawvrilebiT ganxilulia 

politikuri partiebis Sesaxeb TavSi. 

46 U.S. State Department, Human Rights Report 

2009, Georgia, http://www.state.gov/g/drl/ 

rls/hrrpt/2009/eur/136032.htm (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 21 Tebervals); TI Georgia: 

Television in Georgia – Ownership, Control 

and Regulation, Tbilisi, November 20, 2009. 


saqarTvelo, „saqarTvelos sagadasaxado 

sistemis mimoxilva,“ Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 9 

ivnisi, http://transparency.ge/sites/default/ 

files/post_attachments/Taxation%20in%20 

Georgia_GEO.pdf (nanaxia 2011 wlis 5 

marts). 

48 nino evgeniZis interviu avtorTan. 

208 


qula: 50 

ramdenad Tavisufalia biznesi mis saqmianobaSi arajerovani gare Carevisgan 

praqtikaSi? 

kanonis debulebebi, romelTa mizani mis saqmianobaSi arajerovani Carevisgan 

biznesis dacvaa, praqtikaSi yovelTvis efeqtianad ar moqmedebs, 

rac ZiriTadad imiT aris gamowveuli, rom saqarTveloSi srulad damoukidebeli 

sasamarTlo xelisufleba ar arsebobs. 


gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos msxvili biznes-organizaciebi, 

rogorc wesi, xelisuflebasTan uCveulod mWidrod TanamSromloben da 

xandaxan sakuTar Tavze iReben zogierT iseT xarjs, romlis gaRebac, Cveulebriv, 

saxelmwifo faravs xolme (magaliTad, zogierTi tipis socialur 

daxmarebasa da investiciebs adgilobriv infrastruqturaSi). Zneli saTqmelia, 

es xelisuflebis zewolis gamo xdeba Tu xelisuflebasa da bizness 

Soris raime ormxrivad xelsayreli SeTanxmebebi arsebobs, Tumca, Cveulebriv, 

amis sanacvlod biznesebi sagadasaxado organoebisgan ufro xelsayreli 

mopyrobas elian. 43 kidev erTma eqspertma „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom msxvili biznes-organizaciebi 

xelisuflebasTan urTierTobas didi sifrTxiliT ekidebian da yvelafers 

akeTeben, rom politikuri xelmZRvanelobis guli moigon. man aRniSna, 

rom qarTuli biznes-organizaciebi erTgvar TviTcenzuras mimar- 

Taven, radgan, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, xelisufleba maT dasjis (magali- 

Tad, finansuri policiis mier ganxorcielebuli Semowmebis an didi sagadasaxado 

davalianebis dakisrebis gziT). 44 is garemoeba, rom bolo saarCevno 

kampaniis periodSi opoziciur partiebs biznesisgan Semowirulobebi 

TiTqmis ar miuRiaT, xolo mmarTvel „nacionalur moZraobas“ 

fuli aTobiT kompaniam gadauricxa, SesaZloa, kidev erTi niSani iyos 

imisa, rom biznesi damoukidebeli ar aris da mewarmeebis did nawils xelisuflebis 

SiSi aqvs (Tumca Semowirulobebis araTanabari ganawileba SesaZloa, 

opoziciis Sida sisusteebisa da saarCevno sistemis Taviseburebebis 

Sedegic iyos). 45 

ramdenime damoukidebeli media-organizaciis mflobelebi da menejerebi 

xSirad acxadeben, rom xelisufleba reklamis potenciur damkveTebs ai- 

Zulebs, rom maTTan ar iTanamSromlon. 46 amave dros, arsebobs sando 

informacia, rom saSemosavlo samsaxurTan daaxloebulma pirebma sagangebo 

Semowmebis Catarebis muqariT aiZules mcire sawarmoebis mflobelebi, 

rom kaxeli glexebisgan ramdenime tona yurZeni SeesyidaT. 47 

eqspertebma, romelTac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSnes, rom sagadasaxado organoebi bizness metismetad mkacrad 

epyrobian. erT-erTma eqspertma ganacxada, rom sagadasaxado samsaxuri 

xSirad mewarmeebis maxeSi gabmas da darRvevebisTvis metismetadi 

mkacri sanqciebis dawesebas cdilobs (magaliTad, patimrobisa, rodesac 

SeiZleba, rom mewarmes mxolod jarima Seefardos). 48 


am problemebs kidev ufro amZimebs is garemoeba, rom saqarTveloSi damoukidebeli 

sasamarTlo xelisufleba ar arsebobs, 49 rac bizness, faqtobrivad, 

daucvels tovebs mis saqmianobaSi ukanono Carevis SemTxvevaSi. 

„globaluri konkurentunarianobis“ kvlevis angariSSi saqarTvelos 

sasamarTlos damoukideblobis mxriv 139 qveynidan 104-e adgili uWiravs, 

50 xolo organizaciis Heritage Foundation angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom 

„saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs kvlavac ar sjeraT, rom sasamarTlo sistemas 

kerZo sakuTrebisa da kontraqtebis dacva SeuZlia.“ 51 erT-erTma eqspertma, 

romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

aRniSna, rom xelisufleba sagadasaxado davebTan dakavSirebiT sisxlis 

samarTlis saqmeebs aRZravs xolme da mewarmeebs aseTi saqmeebis mogebis 

imedi TiTqmis ar aqvT (rogorc sasamarTlos Sesaxeb TavSi aRiniSna, sisxlis 

samarTlis saqmeebze gamamarTlebeli ganaCenebis ricxvi saqarTveloSi 

ukiduresad mcirea). 52 

aSS-is vaWrobis departamentma amerikeli investorebi gaafrTxila, rom 

saqarTveloSi biurokratebi da sasamarTloebi kanonebsa da regulaciebs 

„araerTgvarovnad da TviTneburad“ ganmartaven, gansakuTrebiT sagadasaxado 

da sabaJo sferoebSi. 53 

eqspertebma, romelTac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, 

xelisuflebis mier kerZo kompaniebis maTi mflobelebisTvis CamorTmevis 

bolodroindeli SemTxveva ver gaixsenes, Tumca aRniSnes, rom 

xelisufleba zogjer sagadasaxado organoebisa da sasamarTlo sistemis 

meSveobiT uzrunvelyofs mesame pirebis mier sakuTrebis mopovebas. es 

gansakuTrebiT qveynis yvelaze msxvil obieqtebs exeba, romelTagan zogs 

bolo wlebSi mesakuTre ramdenimejer Seecvala. maT Soriisa nacionaluri 

telekompania „imedi“. 54 amasTanave, privatizaciis procesi arasakmarisad 

gamWvirvalea da arsebobs mosazreba, rom mTavrobis wevrebi privatizebuli 

sawarmoebis wilebs iribad akontroleben. 55 

dadebiTi movlenaa, rom xelisufleba, rogorc Cans, arsebul problemebs 

acnobierebs da maT mosagvareblad garkveul nabijebs dgams. prezidentma 

saakaSvilma 2010 wlis dekemberSi ganacxada, rom „jer Zalian bevri xarvezia 

darCenili saxelmwifosa da mewarmeebs Soris urTierTobebSi“ da 

xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom „jerac xSiria SemTxveva, roca sasjeli ufro didia, 

vidre amas arsebuli darRveva imsaxurebs.“ 56 prezidentis gancxadeba daem- 

Txva mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis miRebas, romlebmac biznesis 

ukeT dacva unda uzrunvelyos. 2011 wlis martSi saqarTvelos saSemosavlo 

samsaxurSi axali xelmZRvaneloba dainiSna da prezidentma saakaSvilma 

ganacxada, rom axal xelmZRvanelebs daevalaT, gadasaxadebis akrefis procesSi 

maqsimaluri samarTlianoba gamoeCinaT da uzrunveleyoT, rom sagadasaxado 

inspeqtorebi zedmetad mkacrad ar moqceuliyvnen, rac gadasaxadis 

gadamxdelTa Soris usamarTlobis gancdas gamoiwvevda. 57 

sagadasaxado ombudsmeni, romelsac mewarmeTa uflebebis dacva evaleba, 

oficialurad 2011 wlis ianvris bolos dainiSna. 

2011 

209 

49 damatebiTi informaciisTis ixileT Tavi 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb. 


Competitiveness Report 2010-2011, 162-163. 



index/Country/Georgia (nanaxia 2011 wlis 8 

Tebervals). 

52 TbilisSi bazirebuli da biznes–samarTlis 


avtorTan. 

53 U.S. Department of Commerce, Doing Business 

in Georgia: 2009 Country Commercial Guide 

for U.S. Companies. 

54 Civil Georgia, „qeim „imedi“ arabul 

kompanias miyida,“ 2009 wlis 25 Tebervali, 

http://civil.ge/geo/article.php?id= 20602& 

search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 15 marts). 



avtorTan. 

56 Civil Georgia, „saakaSvili: Zalian bevri 

xarvezia saxelmwifosa da mewarmeebs Soris 

urTierTobebSi,“ Tbilisi, 2010 wlis 3 

dekemberi. 

57 Civil Georgia, „saakaSvili Semosavlebis 

samsaxurSi cvlilebebze saubrobs,“ 


search= (nanaxia 2011 wlis 15 marts). 

12. biznesi


muxli 7. 



„saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis Sesaxeb,“ 

miRebulia 2009 wlis 29 seqtembers, 



62 saqarTvelos kanoni „ukanono Semosavlis 

legalizaciis aRkveTis xelSewyobis 

Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 2003 wlis 6 ivniss, 

muxlebi 3-6. 

63 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni „erovnuli 

bankis Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 26-29. 

210 


qula: 100 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofs kanonmdebloba biznes-seqtoris saqmianobis 

gamWvirvalobas? 

kanonmdebloba adeqvatur debulebebs Seicavs biznes-seqtoris gamWvirvalobasTan 

dakavSirebiT. 

„mewarmeTa Sesaxeb“ kanonis mixedviT, sawarmos registraciasTan dakavSirebuli 

informacia sajaroa da misi mopoveba yvela dainteresebul pirs 

SeuZlia sajaro reestridan, romelsac sawarmoebis registracia evaleba. 

58 

erovnuli bankis mier licenzirebulma sawarmom, romlis fasiani qaRaldebi 

savaWrod aris daSvebuli saqarTvelos safondo birJaze da romlis 

partniorTa raodenoba 100-s aRemateba, yovelwliuri auditoruli 

angariSi unda waradginos. aseTi sawarmos sameTvalyureo sabWom am mizniT 

unda miiwvios auditori, romelic sawarmos direqtorebisgan da partniorebisgan 

iuridiulad da ekonomikurad damoukidebeli iqneba. 59 

erovnul banks miniWebuli aqvs uflebamosileba, zedamxedveloba gauwios 

finansur seqtors, maT Soris bankebs, arasabanko depozitorul dawesebulebebsa 

da sadazRvevo kompaniebs. erovnul banks ufleba aqvs, Caataros 

maTi Semowmeba da auditi, aseve, SeuCeros maT licenziis moqmedeba da 

dauwesos sanqciebi. erovnuli banki aseve uflebamosilia, ganaxorcielos 

zedamxedveloba safondo birJis meSveobiT. 60 erovnul bankSi Seqmnilia 

specialuri organo – finansuri monitoringis samsaxuri, romelsac ukanono 

Semosavlis legalizaciisa da terorizmis dafinansebis aRkveTa 

evaleba. 61 amasTan erTad, saqarTveloSi moqmedebs specialuri kanoni, 

romlis mizans ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis aRkveTa warmoadgens, 

da romelic rogorc finansuri monitoringis samsaxurs, ise Sesabamis sawarmoebs 

saeWvo garigebebze monitoringis ganxorcielebasa da maT Sesaxeb 

informaciis aRricxvas avaldebulebs. 62 

komerciuli bankebi valdebulni arian, mowveul auditors yovel wels 

Caatarebinon auditi da moamzadon yovelwliuri safinanso daskvnebi saerTaSoriso 

sabuRaltro standartebis Sesabamisad. yovelwliuri auditoruli 

da safinanso daskvnebi unda waredginos erovnul banks da gamoqveyndes. 

amasTan erTad, erovnuli banki uflebamosilia, TviTon an daqiravebuli 

auditorebis meSveobiT Seamowmos komerciuli bankebi. 63 

kanonmdebloba aseve Seicavs damatebiT debulebebs, romlebic safondo 

birJaze movaWre kompaniebis gamWvirvalobas exeba. aseTi kompaniebi valdebulni 

arian, gamoaqveynon da erovnul banks warudginon wliuri da 

naxevari wlis angariSebi maTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb. wliuri angariSi unda 

Seicavdes auditoris daskvnas. erovnul banks SeuZlia, moiTxovos damatebiTi 

informacia an kompaniebs mosTxovos konkretul sakiTxze specialuri 


angariSis wardgena. yvela es angariSi wardgenil unda iqnes im safondo 

birJaze, sadac konkretuli kompaniis fasiani qaRaldebi savaWrod aris 

daSvebuli. 64 aseTi kompaniebis mmarTveli organos wevrebma erovnul 

banks da safondo birJas unda warudginon informacia maT sakuTrebaSi 

arsebuli fasiani qaRaldebis Sesaxeb. 65 im pirebma an pirTa jgufma, romlebic 

fasiani qaRaldebis „mniSvnelovan SenaZens“ gaakeTeben, SenaZenis 

Sesaxeb erovnul banksa da safondo birJas unda acnobon. 66 

saqarTveloSi moqmedi sawarmoebi (garda mcire sawarmoebisa) valdebulni 

arian, gamoiyenon „finansuri angariSgebis saerTaSoriso standartebi,“ 

romlebic „buRaltruli aRricxvis saerTaSoriso standartebis sabWos“ 

mier aris miRebuli. 67 

kanonmdeblobis erTi mniSvnelovani xarvezi is aris, rom, rogorc organizaciis 

Global Integrity angariSSic aris aRniSnuli, saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi 

myofi kompaniebi valdebulni ar arian, maT Sesaxeb finansuri informacia 

dainteresebul pirebs gaumxilon68 (amis miuxedavad, bolo wlebSi 

mimdinare saxelmwifo sawarmoebis masobrivi privatizaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

am garemoebas SesaZloa, didi mniSvneloba ar hqondes.) 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad gamWvirvalea biznes seqtori praqtikaSi? 

informacia registrirebuli kompaniebis Sesaxeb onlain reJimSia xelmisawvdomi 

an moTxovnisTanave gaicema. bankebi da safondo bazris monawileebi 

Sesabamis organoebs warudgenen angariSebs kanonis Sesabamisad. rac 

Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, zogierTi kompaniis mflobeloba (gansakuTrebiT 

ofSorul zonebSi registrirebuli kompaniebisa) sakmarisad gamWvirvale 

aris. 

sajaro reestris erovnul saagentos (sawarmoTa ragistraciaze pasuxismgebeli 

organo) onlain reJimSi xelmisawvdomi monacemTa baza aqvs, romelic 

garkveul zogad informacias Seicavs yvela registrirebuli sawarmos 

Sesaxeb. mflobelobis struqturasTan dakavSirebuli informacia internetiT 

xelmisawvdomi ar aris, Tumca, rogorc erT-erTma eqspertma „saer- 

TaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, saagento mas, Cveulebriv, 

moTxovnisTanave gascems. amis miuxedavad, imave eqspertma aRniSna, 

rom saqarTveloSi moqmedi ofSoruli kompaniebis Sesaxeb informaciis 

moZieba problemuria. 69 pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis monacemebi aCvenebs, 

rom iseTi ofSoruli zonebi, rogoricaa britaneTis virjiniis 

kunZulebi, kviprosi da panama, saqarTveloSi Semomavali finansuri nakadebis 

mniSvnelovani wyaroebia. 70 aseve SeSfoTebas iwvevs im didi sawarmoebis 

mflobelobis gaumWvirvaloba, romelTa privatizeba bolo wlebSi 

moxda. 71 

211 

64 saqarTvelos kanoni „fasiani qaRaldebis 

bazris Sesaxeb,“ miRebulia 1998 wlis 24 

dekembers, muxli 11. 



67 saqarTvelos kanoni „buRaltruli 

aRricxvisa da angariSgebis regulirebis 


Tebervals, muxlebi 2, 10. 


Georgia 2009, (Global Integrity, 2009), 154. 


70 `saqstati,“ pirdapiri ucxouri 

investiciebi qveynebis mixedviT: 

http://geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/ 

english/bop/FDI_Eng-countries.xls (nanaxia 




avtorTan. 

12. biznesi



Series, 4. 

73 saqarTvelos erovnuli banki, wliuri 

angariSi 2009 (Tbilisi: saqarTvelos 

erovnuli banki, 2009), 73. 

74 iqve, 72-87. 

75 www.gse.ge 



Series, 4. 



Competitiveness Report 2010-2011, 383. 

212 

didi biznes-organizaciebi (ZiriTadad bankebi) TavinaTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb 

garkveuli tipis sasargeblo monacemebs, maT Soris, informacias maTi 

menejmentis Sesaxeb, safinanso angariSebs da a.S. TavianT veb-gverdebze 

ganaTavseben. amave dros, zogierTi saxis mniSvnelovani informacia, rogoricaa 

mflobelobis struqtura, maTi umetesobis veb-gverdze warmodgenili 

ar aris. saerTo jamSi, 2009 wels ganxorcielebuli erT-erTi kvlevis 

Sedegebis Tanaxmad, sakuTari veb-gverdi qarTuli firmebis mxolod 

30 procents aqvs (aRmosavleT evropisa da centraluri aziis qveynebis 

saSualo moCvenebeli 48 procentia). 72 

erovnuli bankis sazedamxedvelo saqmianoba ZiriTadad komerciuli bankebisken 

aris mimarTuli, radgan isini saqarTvelos safinanso seqtoris 

95 Seadgenen. 73 erovnuli bankis angariSis Tanxmad, is zedamxedvelobas 

„riskebis gonivruli Sefasebis“ safuZvelze axorcielebs da saerTaSoriso 

standartebis da saukeTeso praqtikis safuZvelze Sesabamisi meTodologia 

aqvs danergili. 74 saqarTvelos safondo bazari mcire moculobisaa, 

Tumca masze movaWre kompaniebi kanonis Tanaxmad waradgenen angari- 

Sebs, romlebic safondo birJis veb-gverdze qveyndeba. 75 

zemoxsenebuli 2009 wlis kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, qarTuli firmebis 

47 procentze meti wliur finansur angariSebs gare auditors amowmebinebs, 

rac aRmosavleT evropisa da centraluri aziis qveynebis saSualo 

maCvenebelze (37 procenti) metia. 76 rac Seexeba sabuRaltro standartebs, 


gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom qveyanis didi da saSualo zomis kompaniebi 

zogadad saerTaSoriso standartebiT xelmZRvaneloben. 77 „globaluri 

konkurentunarianobis“ bolo angariSSi saqarTvelos kerZo seqtorSi auditisa 

da finansuri angariSgebis xarisxis mixedviT 139 qveynidan 92-e 

adgili ukavia, 78 rac imaze mianiSnebs, rom am sferoSi problemebi isev 

arsebobs. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos“ mier 2011 wlis TebervalSi 

miRebuli oficialuri monacemebis Tanaxmad, parlamentSi, saxelmwifo 

kancelariasa da Tbilisis meriaSi arc erTi lobisti ar iyo daregistrirebuli, 

rac imis maniSnebelia, rom lobisturi saqmianobis maregulirebeli 

kanonmdebloba efeqtiani ar aris. 


qula: 50 

ramdenad arsebobs normebi da kanonebi, romlebic biznes seqtorze 

zedamxedvelobasa da calkeuli kompaniebis korporatiul marTvas 

aregulirebs? 

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli korporatiul marTvasaTan dakavSirebuli 

debulebebi bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda, Tumca 

zogierTi norma jerac sustia. 


saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba korporaciul marTvasTan dakavSirebul debulebebs 

warsulSi naklebad Seicavda, Tumca 2008 wels kanons aseTi 

tipis nomeri daemata. kanonmdebloba garkveul zogad wesebs adgens, Tumca 

kompaniebs uflebas aZlevs, rom sxva sakiTxebi Sida wesdebiTa da normebiT 

daareguliron. 

kompaniebma weliwadSi erTxel mainc partniorTa saerTo kreba unda gamar- 

Ton. nebismieri gadawyvetilebis miReba, romelic kompaniis rutinuli saqmianobis 

sferos scildeba, partniorTa saerTo krebis Tanxmobas saWiroebs. 

saerTo kreba iRebs gadawyvetilebebs iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa kompaniis 

wesdebaSi cvlilebebis Setana, filialebis Seqmna, wliuri Sedegebis 

damtkiceba, auditoris arCeva, aseve sawarmos reorganizacia da likvidacia. 79 

sawarmos yovel partniors ufleba aqvs, miiRos sawarmos wliuri angari- 

Sisa da sxva dokumentebis asli, moiTxovos ganmartebebi am dokumentebis 

Sesaxeb da isini auditors Seamowmebinos. 80 zogierTi tipis sawarmoebis 

(solidaruli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebebi) partniorebs ufleba aqvT, 

piradad Seamowmon sawarmos sabuRaltro wignebi da sabuTebi da mosTxovon 

sxva partniorebs sawarmos mimarT arsebul valdebulebaTa Sesruleba. 

81 saaqcio sazogadoebebis aqciebis sul cota 5 procentis mflobel 

aqcionerebs ufleba aqvT, moiTxovon sawarmos sameurneo saqmianobis an 

mTlianad wliuri balansis sagangebo Semowmeba, Tu isini miiCneven, rom 

adgili aqvs darRvevebs. maT aseve ufleba aqvT, sawarmos mmarTvel organos 

mosTxovon sawarmos saxeliT dadebuli garigebebis aslebi da informacia 

dasadebi garigebebis Sesaxeb. 82 

bankebi da saaqcio sazogadoebebi, romelTa fasiani qaRaldebi safondo birJaze 

savaWrod aris daSvebuli, aseve kompaniebi, romelTac 100-ze meti partniori 

hyavT, valdebulni arian, Seqmnan sameTvalyureo sabWo, romlis wevrebs 

partniorebis saerTo kreba irCevs. kompaniis sameTvalyureo sabWos evaleba 

direqtorebis saqmianobis kontroli da is uflebamosilia, Seamowmos 

kompaniis finansuri dokumentacia, angariSebi da aqtivebi. direqtorebs aseve 

evalebaT, rom sameTvalyureo sabWos wliuri angariSebi warudginon. 83 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad efeqtiania biznes-seqtoris korporatiuli marTva praqtikaSi? 

qarTul sawarmoebSi, gansakuTrebiT ki bankebSi, bolo wlebSi winsvla SeiniSneba 

korporatiuli marTvis wesebis Sesrulebis mxriv. amis miuxedavad, 

am sferoSi ramdenime susti rgoli mainc rCeba. ar arsebobs uwyeba, romelic 

Sesabamisi normebis Sesrulebaze zedamxedvelobas ganaxorcielebs. 

„saerTaSoriso safinanso korporaciis“ mier 2009 wels Catarebulma gamokiTxvam 

cxadyo, rom qarTuli kompaniebis korporaciuli marTvis praqtika 

bolo oTxi wlis manZilze „mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda“ da gamokvleuli 

213 


muxlebi 8-9 (1). 





12. biznesi

84 IFC News, “IFC Survey Finds Better Corporate 

Governance in Georgian Companies, 

Recommends Improvements”, 25 September 

2009. 


86 saqarTvelos bankebis asociacia, 

korporaciuli marTvis kodeqsi, 

http://abg.org.ge/Admin1280837677.php 




Competitiveness Report 2010-2011, 162-163. 


90 avtoris mimowera giorgi melaSvilTan 

(saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis 

aRmasrulebeli direqtori), 2011 wlis 1 

ivnisi. 

214 

kompaniebis 77 procentma am sferoSi arsebuli mowinave praqtikis „ukeTesi 

codna“ gamoavlina. amave dros, kvlevam aCvena is sferoebi, sadac Semdgomi 

progresia saWiro _ maT Soris, sameTvalyureo sabWoebis efeqtianoba, Sida 

kontroli, informaciis gamJRavneba da aqcionerTa uflebebi. 84 


gaesaubra, gamoTqva varaudi, rom saqarTveloSi arsebul korporaciuli 

marTvis normebs bankebi ukeT asruleben, vidre sxva komerciuli 

organizaciebi. 85 2009 wlis seqtemberSi qarTulma bankebma xeli moaweres 

korporatiuli marTvis nebayoflobiT kodeqss, romelic „saerTaSoriso 

safinanso korporaciam,“ „saqarTvelos bankebis asociaciam“ da „saqarTvelos 

safondo birJam“ erToblivad SeimuSaves. 86 

zemoxsenebulma eqspertma aseve aRniSna, rom korporatiuli marTvis wesebis 

praqtikaSi Sesrulebaze monitorings arc erTi samTavrobo organo 

ar awarmoebs. 87 qveyanaSi korporatiul marTvasTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli 

problemebi „globaluri konkurentunarianobis“ angariSSic aisaxa, 

sadac kompaniebis sameTvalyureo sabWoebis efeqturobis mxriv saqarTvelos 

136 qveynidan 109-e adgili, xolo minoritaruli aqcionerebis dacvis 

kuTxiT 122-e adgili uWiravs. 88 

erT-erTma eqspertma „saerTaSiriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, 

rom erovnuli banki zogadad kerZo bankebis saqmianobaze zedamxedvelobas 

warmatebiT axorcielebs. Tumca man isic aRniSna, rom maregulireblebma 

ver moaxerxes qarTuli xeli SeeSalaT bankebisTvis 2006-2008 

wlebSi uaRresad riskian operaciebSi CabmaSi uZravi qonebis sferoSi. 89 am 

mosazrebas ar daeTanxma erovnuli bankis warmomadgeneli, romelmac „saer- 

TaSiriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ ganucxada, rom erov-nuli banki aRniSnul 

saqmianobas sistemur riskad ar miiCnevda da xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom arc 

erTi qarTuli banki amis Sedegad gakotrebis safrTxis winaSe ar damdgara. 90 


qula: 50 

ramdenad arsebobs meqanizmebi, romlebic biznes-seqtoris warmomadgenelTa 


kanonmdebloba saTanado debulebebs Seicavs, romlebic sawarmoebSi da 

sawarmoebs Soris urTierTobebSi arsebul korufciasa da iuridiuli 

pirebis sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas exeba da, aseve, adgens garkveul 

wesebs kerZo seqtorSi interesTa SeuTavseblobis mxriv. Tumca, amave 

dros, zogadad SeimCneva iseTi qcevis kodeqsebis nakleboba, romlebic 

mTeli seqtoris an calkeuli kompaniebis saqmianobas daaregulirebs. 

meqrTameoba kerZo seqtorSi (rogorc qrTamis micema, ise miReba) dasjadi 

qmedebaa sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT da eqvs wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTas 

iTvaliswinebs. 91 amave dros, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi awesebs 


sasjels ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciisa da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 

sferoSi dadebuli ukanono garigebebisTvis. 92 kodeqsi aseve Seicavs debulebebs, 

romlebic iuridiuli pirebis sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas 

exeba. iuridiul pirebs (maT Soris, komerciul iuridiul pirebs) 

ekisrebaT pasuxismgebloba maTi kanonieri warmomadgenlebis dana- 

Saulze, romelic maTi saxeliT, maTi meSveobiT an maTTvis sargeblobis 

motanis mizniT iqna Cadenili. sanqciebi, romlebic SeiZleba iuridiul 

pirebs Seefardos, moicavs sawarmos likvidacias, licenziis CamorTmevas, 

dajarimebasa da qonebis konfiskacias. 93 

kanonmdebloba Seicavs ramdenime normas, romelic kompaniebis xelmZRvanelTa 

keTilsindisierebis zogad wesebs adgens. magaliTad, kompaniis 

xelmZRvanels ufleba ar aqvs, kompaniis partniorebis Tanxmobis gareSe 

imavdroulad ekavos msgavsi Tanamdeboba imave tipis sxva kompaniaSi. kanoni 

moiTxovs, rom kompaniebis direqtorebma da sameTvalyureo sabWos wevrebma 

keTilsindisierebis principis dacviT imoqmedon. kompaniebis direqtorebs 

ufleba ar aqvT, piradi sargeblobis mizniT gamoiyenon is informacia, 

romelic maT sakuTari Tanamdebobis meSveobiT miiRes, garda im SemTxvevisa, 

rodesac maT amis nebas kompaniis partniorTa kreba miscems. 94 

kanoni keTilsindisieri saqmianobis savaldebulo wesebs adgens im kompaniebisTvis, 

romelTa fasiani qaRaldebic savaWrod daSvebulia safondo 

birJaze. aseTi kompaniebis mmarTveli organos wevrebma unda imoqmedon ke- 

Tilsindisierad da im rwmeniT, rom maTi qmedeba yvelaze ukeTesia sawarmosa 

da misi fasiani qaRaldebis mflobelTa interesebisTvis. sawarmos 

fasiani qaRaldebis mflobelebs ufleba aqvT, am moTxovnaTa darRvevis gamo 

sarCeli aRZran mmarTveli organos wevris mimarT. mmarTveli organos 

wevrebma sawarmos sameTvalyureo sabWos unda acnobon nebismieri dasadebi 

garigebis Sesaxeb, romelic maTTvis interesTa SeuTavseblobas warmoSobs 

da aseTi garigebis dadebisas maT xmis uflebis gamoyeneba ekrZalebaT. 

amasTan erTad, sawarmom erovnul banks unda acnobos im garigebebis Sesaxeb, 

romlebSic interesTa SeuTavsebloba arsebobs da uzrunvelyos am 

informaciis gamoqveyneba sakuTar an safondo birJis veb-gverdze. 95 

rac Seexeba uaryofiT mxares, saqarTveloSi amJamad ar arsebobs arc 

erTi qcevis an antikorufciuli kodeqsi, romelic mTel biznes seqtorSi 

moqmedebs. metic, 2009 wels „saerTaSoriso safinanso korporaciis“ mier 

Catarebulma kvlevam aCvena, rom Seswavlili kompaniebis mxolod 16 procents 

hqonda Sida kodeqsi, romelic interesTa SeuTavseblobas an erTmaneTTan 

dakavSirebul pirebs Soris dadebul garigebebs aregulirebda. 96 

amasTan erTad, arsebuli normebi, romlebic mamxilebelTa dacvas exeba, 

kerZo seqtoris TanamSromlebze ar vrceldeba. 

2011 


qula: 50 

ramdenad uzrunvelyofilia kerZo seqtoris warmomadgenelTa keTilsindisiereba 

praqtikaSi? 

215 


miRebulia 1999 wlis 22 ivliss, muxli 

221. 

92 iqve, muxlebi 194, 195 (1). 

93 iqve, muxlebi 107 91), 107 (3). 


muxli 9. 

95 saqarTvelos kanoni „fasiani qaRaldebis 

bazris Sesaxeb,“ muxlebi 16-16 (1). 

96 IFC News, “IFC Survey Finds Better Corporate 

Governance in Georgian Companies, 

Recommends Improvements”. 

12. biznesi

97 iqve. 

98 daviT narmanias interviu avtorTan; nino 

evgeniZis interviu avtorTan. 


Competitiveness Report 2010-2011, 382. 


Georgia 2009, 117. 

101 saqarTvelos finansuri monitoringis 

samsaxuri, www.fms.gov.ge. 





OECD ACN, 2010), 45-46. 


strategia, http://www.justice.gov.ge/files/ 

Documents/analitikuri/antikorufsiuli_ stategia.pdf 


216 

keTilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo debulebebis Sez- 

Ruduli xasiaTi da iseTi eTikis kodeqsebis ararseboba, romlebic mTel 

seqtors moicavs, praqtikaSi mTel rig problemebs warmoSobs. 

rogorc wina qveTavSi aRiniSna, qarTul sawarmoebSi qcevis kodeqsis arseboba 

iSviaTia. amasTanave, iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom praqtikaSi Tanmimdevrulad 

arc arsebuli kodeqsebi sruldeba. magaliTad, „saerTaSoriso safinanso 

korporaciis“ mier Catarebul bolodroindel gamokiTxvaSi respondentTa 

34 procentma aRniSna, rom sameTvalyureo sabWos wevrebi interesTa 

SeuTavseblobis SemTxvevaSi xmis uflebiT sargeblobaze uars ar amboben. 97 

eqspertebma, romlebsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, daadastures, rom eTikis kodeqsebi da programebi mxolod TiTze 

CamosaTvlel kompaniebs aqvT da aRniSnes, rom aseTi wesebis praqtikaSi 

Sesrulebis Sesaxeb mwiri informaciaa xelmisawvdomi. 98 

2010-2011 wlebis „globaluri konkurentunarianobis angariSSi“ saqarTvelos 

139 qveynidan 78-e adgili uWiravs firmebis korporatiuli eTikis mxriv. 99 

mamxilebelTa dacva praqtikaSic problemuria. rogorc organizacia Global 

Integrity aRniSnavs, saqarTveloSi kerZo seqtorSi dasaqmebuli pirebi 

„Zalze daucvelni arian korufciis, meqrTameobis, Zalauflebis borotad 

gamoyenebisa da resursebis arasaTanado xarjvis faqtebis mxilebis Sem- 

TxvevaSi sapasuxo braldebis wayenebisa da sxva negatiuri Sedegebisagan.“ 100 

korufciaSi da ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciaSi Cabmuli kompaniebis 

Savi sia ar arsebobs, Tumca finansuri monitoringis samsaxuris veb-gverdze 

ganTavsebulia im kompaniebis saerTaSoriso sia, romlebic terorizms 

afinanseben. 101 

kerZo seqtorSi arsebuli meqrTameobis Sesaxeb statistikuri monacemebi 

ar moipoveba. 

antikorfciul politikaSi monawileoba (kanoni da praqtika) 

qula: 25 

ramdenad aqtiurad TanamSromlobs biznes-seqtori qveynis xelisuflebasTan 

korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis mxriv? 

saqarTvelos biznes seqtori xelisuflebis antikorufciul politikasa 

da iniciativebSi aqtiurad ar monawileobs. 

antikorufciul politikaSi biznes seqtoris monawileoba jer-jerobiT 

Zalze SezRudulia. verc erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, ver gaixsena antikorufciul 

iniciativebSi kompaniebis an biznes asociaciebis monawileobis verc erTi 

SemTxveva, an am sakiTxze maT mier gakeTebuli gancxadebebi. „ekonomikuri 

TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis“ (OECD) àntikorufciuli 

qselis~ (ACN) bolo angariSSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb aseve aRniSnulia, 

rom „kerZo seqtori antikorufciul politikaSi jer CarTuli ar aris.“ 102 

„erovnuli antikorufciuli strategia“ kerZo seqtorSi korufciis SemcirebasTan 

dakavSirebul RonisZiebebs iTvaliswinebs, 103 magram korufciis 

winaaRmdeg brZolis uwyebaTaSoris sakoordinacio sabWoSi, romelsac 

antikorufciuli politikis SemuSaveba da koordinireba evaleba (da ro- 


melSic, mTavrobis Tanamdebobis pirebTan erTad, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

warmomadgenlebic Sedian) biznesi warmodgenili ar aris. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom 24-ma qarTulma kompaniam xeli moawera gaero-s 

„globalur SeTanxmebas,“ amJamad misi aqtiuri wevris statusi mxolod 

cxra maTgans aqvs, xolo TxuTmet kompanias „komunikaciaSi armonawile“ 

wevris statusi mieniWa, radgan isini gaweuli muSaobis Sesaxeb angariSebs 

dadgenil vadebSi ar waradgenen. 104 qarTuli kompaniebis mier wardgenili 

ramdenime angariSi qmnis STabeWdilebas, rom isini SeTanxmebis antikorufciul 

komponents didi yuradRebas ar uTmoben. 

amave dros, erT-erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelo“ gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom biznes asociaciebi arsebul 

problemebsa da darRvevebs sagadasaxado ombudsmenTan ganixilaven da 

Sesabamis informacias sxvadasxva araoficialuri arxebis meSveobiT 

avrceleben. 105 

2011 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mxardaWera da masTan TanamSromloba 


qula: 25 

ramdenad TanamSromlobs biznes-seqtori samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan 

da ramdenad uwevs mas daxmarebas korufciasTan brZolis mxriv? 

saqarTvelos biznes seqtori jer-jerobiT samoqalaqo sazogadoebis antikorufciul 

aqtivobebSi ar erTveba da arc afinansebs maT. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebasa da bizness Soris kavSiri saqarTveloSi sustia. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebi TiTqmis mTlianad ucxoeli 

donorebis daxmarebaze arian damokidebuli da adgilobrivi kompaniebisgan 

dafinansebas praqtikulad ar iReben. 2005 wels Catarebuli erTerTi 

gamokiTxvis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, kompaniebisa da kerZo pirebis Semowirulobebi 

qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mxolod mexuTeds 

hqonda miRebuli da es Semowirulobebic araregularuli da mcire iyo. 106 

verc erTma eqspertma, romelsac „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

gaesaubra, samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da biznes seqtoris mier er- 

Toblivad ganxorcielebuli antikorufciuli iniciativis magaliTi ver 

gaixsena. ramdenime arasamTavrobo organizaciis (maT Soris, „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelos“) sameTvalyureo sabWoSi biznesmenebic 

arian warmodgenilni, magram es iSviaTi gamonaklisia. 


gaesaubra, aRniSna, rom pasuxismgebloba am mdgomareobis gamo nawilobriv 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebsac ekisrebaT, radgan isini 

zogadad ucxouri donorebis daxmarebiT kmayofildebian da biznesis dafinansebis 

mopovebas aqtiurad ar cdiloben. Tumca man, amave dros, isic 

aRniSna, rom qarTveli biznesmenebis xelisuflebisadmi frTxili damokidebulebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, isini savaraudod samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

antikorufciuli iniciativebis dafinansebisgan mainc Tavs Seikavebdnen. 

107 

217 

104 United Nations Global Compact, Participants 

and Stakeholders, http://www.unglobalcompact. 

org/participants/search?business_type=2&commit 

=Search&cop_status=all&country[]=65& 

amp;joined_after=&joined_before =& 

keyword=&listing_sta tus_id=all& 

organization_type_id=&page=1 & 

per_page=50&sector_id=all (nanaxia 

2011 wlis 8 Tebervals). 

105 avtoris mimowera jorj veltonTan 

(aRmasrulebeli direqtori, amerikis 

savaWro palata saqarTveloSi), Tbilisi, 

2011 wlis 28 maisi. 






12. biznesi

VII.daskvnebi 

218 

wina Tavebsa da sistemis institutebis Sefasebis grafikSi asaxulia erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis TiToeuli sayrdeni institutis Zlieri 

da susti mxareebi, aseve, mTlianad saqarTvelos erovnul antikorufciul 

sistemaSi arsebuli disbalansi da sxvadasxva sayrden instituts Soris kav- 

Sirebis mniSvneloba. aRmasrulebeli Sto da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

sxva sayrden institutebze bevrad Zlierebi arian, gansakuTrebiT maTi SesaZleblobebisa 

da im rolis mxriv, romelsac isini korufciis winaaRmdeg 

brZolaSi asruleben, Sida marTvis maCveneblebis mixedviT (gamWvirvaloba, 

angariSvaldebuleba da keTilsindisiereba) ki maT saSualo poziciebi uWiravT. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom nebismieri sayrdeni institutis siZliere dadebiTi 

niSania, gansakuTrebul yuradRebas iqcevs sxva sayrdeni institutebis 

SedarebiTi sisuste. sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

xarvezebi damoukideblobisa da aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis 

mxriv imaze miuTiTebs, rom urTierTSekavebisa da gawonasworebis 

sistemaSi seriozuli naklovanebebi arsebobs. es gansakuTrebiT SemaSfo- 

Tebelia, radgan arasaxelmwifo institutebi, romlebic makontrolebel 

funqcias unda asrulebdnen (media, politikuri partiebi da samoqalaqo 

sazogadoeba) amJamad antikorufciuli sistemis yvelaze sust rgolebs Soris 

arian. Sedegad, Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba kvlavac 

seriozuli problemaa. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis sayrdeni institutebi: 

umTavresi Zlieri da susti mxareebi 

sayrdeni instituti sakanonmdeblo organo 

ZiriTadi zogadad kargi sakanonmdeblo baza 

Zlieri mxareebi gamWvirvalobis saTanado done praqtikaSi 

(parlamentis veb-gverdi sasargeblo 

informacias Seicavs da sakanonmdeblo 

organo saTanadod reagirebs sajaro 

informaciis moTxovnis ganacxadebze) 

ZiriTadi pluralizmis nakleboba da aRmasrulebeli 

susti mxareebi Stosgan damoukideblobis nakleboba 

parlamenti aRmasrulebel Stoze 

zedamxedvelobas ver axorcielebs da 

aRmasrulebeli Stos sakanonmdeblo 

winadadebebs sakmarisad detalurad ar 

ganixilavs 


2011 

sayrdeni instituti aRmasrulebeli Sto 

(prezidenti da ministrTa kabineti) 

ZiriTadi sakmarisi SesaZleblobebi (rogorc 

Zlieri mxareebi resursebis, ise damoukideblobis 

TvalsazrisiT) 

mTeli rigi warmatebuli reformebi, maT 

Soris korufciasTan brZolis sferoSi 

ZiriTadi angariSvaldebulebis nakleboba praqtikaSi 

susti mxareebi prezidentis administraciis 

gamWvirvalobis dabali done praqtikaSi 

sayrdeni instituti sasamarTlo xelisufleba 

ZiriTadi xelmisawvdomi resursebis mniSvnelovani 

Zlieri mxareebi zrda 

mosamarTleebs Soris meqrTameobis 

aRmofxvra 

ZiriTadi aRmasrulebeli Stosgan damoukideblobis 

susti mxareebi nakleboba da, aqedan gamomdinare, 

aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofis uunaroba 

gamWvirvalobasTan dakavSirebuli 

problemebi 

sayrdeni instituti sajaro samsaxuri 



zogadad kargi kanonmdeloba, romelic xels 

uwyobs gamWvirvalobis, 

angariSvaldebulebisa da 

keTilsindisierebis uzrunvelyofas 

bevr uwyebaSi gamWvirvalobisa da 

angariSvaldebulebis saTanado done 

praqtikaSi. magaliTad. qonebrivi 

deklaraciebi onlain reJimSi qveyndeba da 

zogierT uwyebas STambeWdavi veb-gverdi 

aqvs 

ZiriTadi arasakmarisi damoukidebloba politikuri 

susti mxareebi xelmZRvanelobisgan 

erTgvarovani praqtikis ararseboba mTel 

sajaro seqtorSi, maT Soris, 

gamWvirvalobasa da keTilsindisierebasTan 

dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo debulebebis 

araTanmimdevruli ganxorcieleba 

219 

VII. daskvnebi

220 

garkveuli xarvezebi kanonis debulebebSi, 

romlebic gamWvirvalobas da 

keTilsindisierebas exeba 

sajaro seqtori arasakmarisad aqtiuria 

korufciasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebisa 

da antikorufciuli reformebis Sesaxeb 

farTo sazogadoebis informirebis mxriv 

sayrdeni instituti samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

(Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da prokuratura) 

ZiriTadi saTanado SesaZleblobebi (gansakuTrebiT 

Zlieri mxareebi resursebis TvalsazrisiT) 

angariSvaldebulebasa da 

keTilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebuli 

kargi sakanonmdeblo normebi 

warmatebuli brZola meqrTameobasTan 

ZiriTadi gamWvirvalobis dabali done 

susti mxareebi angariSvaldebulebis nakleboba maRal 

rgolebSi an im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saqme 

politikur interesebs exeba 

politikuri Careva samarTaldamcavebis 

saqmianobaSi, rasac Sedegad SerCeviTi 

samarTlebrivi devna da kanonis 

araTanmimdevruli aRsruleba mosdevs 

sayrdeni instituti kontrolis palata 

(umaRlesi auditoruli dawesebuleba) 

ZiriTadi kargi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi palatis 

Zlieri mxareebi damoukideblobasTan dakavSirebiT 

saxelmwifos mier gamoyofili finansuri 

resursebis zrda da palatis 

SesaZleblobebis gaumjobeseba 

warmatebuli reformebis meSveobiT 

saTanado gamWvirvaloba praqtikaSi 

ZiriTadi SesaZleblobebTan dakavSirebuli 

susti mxareebi problemebi jerac gavlenas axdens palatis 

unarze, efeqturad Caataros kompleqsuri 

auditebi 

sayrdeni instituti saarCevno administracia 



saTanado gamWvirvaloba rogorc kanonis 

doneze, ise praqtikaSi 

ZiriTadi arasakmarisi damoukidebloba praqtikaSi 

susti mxareebi angariSvaldebulebis nakleboba 


2011 

sayrdeni instituti saxalxo damcveli 

administracia araefeqtiania saarCevno 

kampaniebis dafinansebis regulirebis 

TvalsazrisiT (metwilad saTanado 

uflebamosilebis uqonlobis gamo). 

arCevnebis administrirebasTan 

dakavSirebuli problemebi (administraciuli 

resursebis gamoyeneba saarCevno kampaniis 

ganmavlobaSi, xmebis daTvlisa da Sejamebis 

procedurebi, saCivrebis ganxilva) 

ZiriTadi instituti damoukidebelia rogorc kanonis 

Zlieri mxareebi doneze, ise praqtikaSi. 

saTanado gamWvirvaloba kanonis doneze da 

praqtikaSi 

kanoniT miniWebuli mZlavri sagamoZiebo 

uflebamosilebebi 

ZiriTadi saxelmwifos mier gamoyofili resursebis 

susti mxareebi odenoba sakmarisi ar aris 

sagamoZiebo funqciis Sesrulebas 

praqtikaSi xels uSlis is garemoeba, rom 

zogierTi saxelmwifo uwyeba sakmarisad ar 

TanamSromlobs saxalxo damcvelTan 

sayrdeni instituti politikuri partiebi 

ZiriTadi SesaZleblobebTan dakavSirebuli kargi 

Zlieri mxareebi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi (registraciis 

siadvile, partiebis daculoba maT 

saqmianobaSi arajerovani gare Carevisgan) 

ZiriTadi partiebs Soris resursebis ganawilebis 

susti mxareebi mxriv amJamad arsebuli mdgomareoba 

realur politikur konkurencias amcirebs 

arasakmarisi finansuri gamWvirvaloba da 

angariSvaldebuleba 

Sida demokratiuli marTvis sisuste 

farTo socialuri interesebis agregaciisa 

da reprezentaciis unaris nakleboba 

sayrdeni instituti media 

ZiriTadi kargi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi media- 

Zlieri mxareebi erTeulebis dafuZneba-registraciis, 

damoukideblobisa da mflobelobis 

gamWvirvalobis Sesaxeb 

ZiriTadi saredaqcio damoukideblobis nakleboba 

susti mxareebi gavleniani media-erTeulebis umetesobaSi 

(rac mkveTr mikerZoebaSi gamoixateba 

xelisuflebis an opoziciis sasargeblod) 

221 

VII. daskvnebi

222 

mflobelobis gamWvirvalobis nakleboba 

praqtikaSi, gansakuTrebiT yvelaze 

gavlenian media-erTeulebSi 

sisuste korufciis faqtebis mxilebisa da 

mmarTvelobasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze 

sazogadoebis informirebis TvalsazrisiT 

maregulirebeli komisiis arasakmarisi 

damoukidebloba, maT Soris, mediis 

licenzirebis procesSi 

sayrdeni instituti samoqalaqo sazogadoeba 

ZiriTadi kargi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi 

Zlieri mxareebi resursebisa (registraciis siadvile) da 

damoukideblobis Sesaxeb 

damoukideblobis maRali xarisxi 

praqtikaSi (xelisuflebis mxridan 

arajerovani Carevisa da devnis faqtebi 

zogadad iSviaTia) 

ZiriTadi resursebis nakleboba praqtikaSi 

susti mxareebi (dafinansebis diversificirebuli 

wyaroebis ararseboba) 

keTilsindisierebisa da 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofis 

meqanizmebis sisuste 

araefeqturoba xelisuflebis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofisa da 

politikis reformirebis xelSewyobis 

kuTxiT 

sayrdeni instituti biznesi 

ZiriTadi kargi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi 

Zlieri mxareebi resursebisa (registraciis siadvile) da 

damoukideblobis Sesaxeb 

ZiriTadi damoukideblobasTan dakavSirebuli 

susti mxareebi problemebi praqtikaSi (xelisuflebis 

mxridan arajerovani Carevisagan 

arasakmarisi daculoba) 

biznesi ar monawileobs antikorufciul 

politikaSi, mxars ar uWers samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebas da ar TanamSromlobs masTan 


2011 

urTierTkavSirebi sayrden institutebs Soris 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis koncefcia gulisxmobs, rom erT 

institutSi arsebulma sisustem SeiZleba seriozuli xarvezebi gamoiwvios 

mTels antikorufciul sistemaSi. amrigad, sayrden institutebs Soris 

arsebuli urTierTqmedebis analizi sistemis saerTo Zlierebis Sefasebis 

sakvanZo elementia. miuxedavad imisa, rom erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

kvlevaSi sayrdeni institutebis araerTi Zlieri mxarea warmoCenili, 

bunebrivia, rom am TavSi aqcenti yvelaze mniSvnelovan sisusteebze keTdeba. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo organosa da politikuri 

partiebis susti mxareebi, pirdapir an iribad, zegavlenas axdens TiTqmis 

yvela sxva sayrden institutze. 

politikuri partebis sisusteebs (gansakuTrebiT organizaciuli mdgradobisa 

da xalxis interesebis reprezentaciis TvalsazrisiT), aRmasrulebeli 

Stos dominirebis konteqstSi, Sedegad moaqvs parlamentis sruli 

kontroli mmarTveli „erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis“ mier (romelic 

adgilebis daaxloebiT 80 procents flobs maSin, rodesac sakonstitucio 

umravlesobis Sesaqmnelad adgilebis ori mesamedic sakmarisia). politikur 

partiebSi Sida demokratiuli marTvis naklebobis pirobebSi, parlamentis 

erTpartiuloba mniSvnelovnad amcirebs sakanonmdeblo organos 

damoukideblobas. vinaidan (rogorc qvemoT iqneba naCvenebi) parlamentis 

arasakmarisi damoukidebloba gavlenas axdens sxva sayrdeni institutebis 

did nawilze, politikuri partiebis sisuste saqarTvelos erovnuli 

antikorufciuli sistemis erT-erTi umTavresi naklovanebaa. 

Zlieri da damoukidebeli parlamentis ararseboba (Zlieri sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebis ararsebobasTan erTad) aRmasrulebeli Stos arasakmarisi 

angariSvaldebulebis ZiriTadi mizezia. rogorc am angariSis Sesabamis Tav- 

Sia aRniSnuli, prezidentisa da ministrTa kabinetisadmi parlamentis amJamindeli 

loialuri damokidebuleba imis niSania, rom sakanonmdeblo organo 

zedamxedvelobis farTo uflebamosilebebis praqtikaSi gamoyenebas 

didwilad ver axerxebs. 

sakanonmdeblo organos naklovanebebi mTel rig sxva institutebzec aisaxeba. 

maT, SesaZloa, Seamciron kontrolis palatis damoukidebloba da 

misi unari, sanqciebi dauwesos kanonis damrRvevT, radgan naklebad savaraudoa, 

rom parlamenti (amJamindel mdgomareobaSi) reagirebas moaxdens 

palatis mier aRmasrulebeli Stos maRal eSelonebSi aRmoCenil SesaZlo 

darRvevebze (rac aseve asustebs aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebulebas). 

amasTan erTad, bolo wlebSi sakanonmdeblo organom araerTxel 

moaxdina saxalxo damcvelis daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis ignorireba. 

parlamentSi erTi partiis sruli dominireba aseve amcirebs qarTuli samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis unars, gavlena moaxdinon politikis 

formirebaze advokatirebis meSveobiT. 

223 

VII. daskvnebi

224 

Zlieri kavSiri arsebobs sakanonmdeblo organos sisustesa da damoukidebeli 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis ararsebobas Sorisac. parlamenti niSnavs 

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaresa da mosamarTleebs, xolo uzenaesi 

sasamarTlo SemdgomSi mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs qveda donis mosamarTleebis 

daniSvnaSi. sakanonmdeblo organos amJamindeli Semadgenloba 

qmnis iseT garemos, sadac didia Tanamdebobaze mosamarTleTa politikuri 

motiviT daniSvnis albaToba. sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukideblobis 

dabali xarisxi, Tavis mxriv, kidev ufro amcirebs aRmasrulebeli 

Stosa da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis (gansakuTrebiT am uwyebebis 

maRali rangis Tanamdebobis pirebis) angariSvaldebulebas. 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis damoukideblobis nakleboba aseve gavlenas axdens 

saarCevno administraciis angariSvaldebulebaze (radgan sasamarTloebi 

saarCevno moxeleebs darRvevebisTvis sanqciebs iSviaTad uweseben) 

da biznesis damoukideblobaze (xelisuflebis mxridan maT saqmianobaSi 

arajerovani Carevis SemTxvevaSi, kerZo kompaniebis mier sasamarTlo dacviT 

sargeblobisa da zaralis anazRaurebis SesaZlebloba saTanadod garantirebuli 

ar aris). 

es mizez-Sedegobriobis jaWvi calmxrivi ar aris. magaliTad, marTalia 

qarTuli politikuri partiebis mdgomareoba gavlenas axdens antikorufciuli 

sistemis sxva sayrden institutebze, magram sxva institutebis sisusteebi 

aseve amwvavebs partiul sistemaSi arsebul problemebs. sajaro 

samsaxuris arasakmarisi damoukidebloba (rac mis saqmianobaSi aRmasrulebeli 

Stos gadametebuli CareviT aris gamowveuli) da sajaro samsaxurisa 

da mmarTveli partiis arasakmarisi gamijvna araTanabar garemos qmnis 

arCevnebis dros, radgan mmarTveli partia sxvadasxva saxelmwifo resursze 

eqskluziuri wvdomiT sargeblobs. damoukidebeli mediisa da biznesis 

nakleboba aseTive Sedegs iZleva da mmarTel partias mniSvnelovan upiratesobas 

uqmnis kerZo resursebiT sargeblobis mxriv. saarCevno administracia 

zogadad ver axerxebs Seqmnas Tanabari garemo saarCevno konkurenciisTvis. 

amasTan erTad, vinaidan samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi qveynis politikuri 

xelmZRvanelobisgan sakmarisad damoukidebelni ar arian, maT zogjer 

partiuli interesebis gasatareblad iyeneben, rac kidev ufro zRudavs 

politikur konkurencias. 

qarTuli mediis gamudmebuli uunaroba, moaxdinos sazogadoebis saTanado 

informireba mmarTvelobis sakiTxebze, asustebs mTeli rigi iseTi sayrdeni 

institutebis angariSvaldebulebas, rogorebicaa aRmasrulebeli Sto, 

sakanonmdeblo organo da sasamarTlo xelisufleba. 

gansxvavebebi kanonsa da praqtikas Soris 

ramdenime SemTxvevaSi, kvlevam mniSvnelovani gansxvavebebi gamoavlina 

kanonsa da praqtikas Soris, rac imaze miuTiTebs, rom qveyanaSi moqmedi 

jansaRi sakanonmdeblo normebi praqtikaSi srulyofilad da Tanamimdevrulad 

ar sruldeba. 


90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

rogorc zemoT moyvanil sqemaSia naCvenebi, kanonsa da praqtikas Soris yvelaze 

didi gansxvaveba mediis, politikuri partiebis, biznesisa da sasamar- 

Tlo xelisuflebis SemTxvevaSi vlindeba, Tumca samoqalaqo sazogadoebis, 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis, sakanonmdeblo organosa da sajaro samsaxuris 

SemTxvevaSic, aseve, mniSvnelovani Seusabamobebi arsebobs. saqar- 

Tvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Tormeti sayrdeni institutidan 

Svidma 50-ze dabali saerTo qula miiRo praqtikis mxriv. 

politikuri partiebisTvis resursebis xelmisawvdomoba kanoniT aris garantirebuli, 

magram politikur konkurencias mniSvnelovnad amcirebs 

mmarTvel partiasa da yvela sxva politikur jgufs Soris praqtikaSi arsebuli 

uzarmazari uTanasworoba, agreTve saarCevno sistemis naklovanebebi. 

kanonmdebloba Zlier normebs Seicavs biznesisa da mediis damoukideblobasTan 

dakavSirebiT, magram praqtikaSi am sayrdeni institutebis damoukidebloba 

saTanadod uzrunvelyofili ar aris. biznesis SemTxvevaSi, amis 

erT-erT mTavar mizezad SeiZleba Zlieri sasamarTlos ararseboba dasaxeldes. 

rac Sexeba medias, miuxedavad imisa, rom Jurnalistebze aSkara zewolisa 

da devnis SemTxvevebi iSviaTia, miiCneva, rom xelisuflebam qveynis 

yvelaze gavlenian media-erTeulebze (tele-arxebze, romlebic mTeli 

qveynis masStabiT mauwyebloben) kontroli loialuri biznesmenebis mier 

maTi SeZenis gziT daamyara. Sesabamisad, SeSfoTebis sagania mediis mflobelobis 

gamWvirvalobisa da saredaqcio damoukideblobis nakleboba. 

parlamentis damoukidebloba kanoniT saTanadod aris daculi, magram (rogorc 

wina qveTavSi aRiniSna) praqtikaSimas sakanonmdeblo organoSi pluralizmis 

nakleboba da politikur partiebSi demokratiuli marTvis meqanizmebis 

sisuste amcirebs. sasamarTlo xelisuflebis saqmianobis maregulirebeli 

sakanonmdeblo baza bolo wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda, 

magram am winsvlas praqtikaSi Sesabamisi cvlilebebi jer ar mohyolia. 

2011 

sakanonmdeblo 

organo 

aRmasrulebeli 

Sto 

sasamarTlo 

sajaro samsaxuri 

samarTaldamcavi 

uwyebebi 

saarCevno 

administracia 

saxalxo 

damcveli 

kontrolis 

palata 

politikuri 

partiebi 

225 

samoqalaqo 

sazogadoeba 

Law Practice 

media 

biznesi 

VII. daskvnebi

226 

rogorc sakanonmdeblo organos, ise sasamarTlo xelisuflebas farTo uflebamosilebebi 

aqvT aRmasrulebel Stoze zedamxedvelobis TvalsazrisiT, 

magram praqtikaSi maT gamoyenebas ver axerxeben damoukideblobis naklebobis 

gamo. 

uaxloesi wlebis ZiriTadi gamowvevebi 

rogorc am Tavis SesavalSi iyo aRniSnuli, saqarTveloSi 2004 wlis Semdeg 

ganxorcielebulma reformebma mniSvnelovnad gaaZliera aRmasrulebeli 

xelisufleba (maT Soris, samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi) da sagrZnoblad 

gaizarda misi SesaZleblobebi sxvadasxva problemis (maT Soris korufciis) 

daZlevis mxriv. amis miuxedavad, sxva ZiriTad saxelisuflo institutebs 

– sakanonmdeblo organosa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebas – imave wlebSi 

msgavsi winsvla ar ganucdiaT da amJamad isini aRmasrulebel Stoze bevrad 

sustebi arian. saqarTveloSi aseve sustia erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

arasaxelmwifo institutebi da maT amJamad sakuTari funqciebis sa- 

Tanadod Sesruleba ar SeuZliaT. yvela arasaxelmwifo instituts antikorufciul 

sistemaSi misi rolis SesrulebaSi 25 qula mieniWa, xolo yvela 

saxelmwifo institutma (aRmasrulebeli Stosa da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

garda) amave ganzomilebaSi 50 an naklebi qula miiRo. am institutebis 

gaZliereba momavali wlebis umTavres amocanad unda iqces, raTa SesaZlebeli 

gaxdes keTilsindisierebis dacva mmarTvelobis mTels sistemaSi. 

kidev erTi umniSvnelovanesi gamowvevaa kanonsa da praqtikas Soris amJamad 

arsebuli gansxvavebebis daZleva. kanonsa da praqtikas Soris didi gansxvavebebis 

arseboba, zog SemTxvevaSi, zedamxedvelobisa da angariSvaldebulebis 

meqanizmebis sisusteze (an ararsebobaze) miuTiTebs. sajaro seqtoris 

SemTxvevaSi, aq gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba sajaro dawesebulebebSi 

axladSeqmnili Sida auditis organoebis gaZlierebas. sajaro samsaxuris 

biuros mniSvnelovani rolis Sesruleba SeuZlia mTels sajaro seqtorSi 

wesebisa da aqtivobebis erTgvarovnebis uzrunvelyofisa da zogierT 

samTavrobo uwyebebSi danergili sanimuSo praqtikis sajaro seqtoris 

sxva dawesebulebebSi damkvidrebis TvalsazrisiT. 


sayrdeni instituti sakanonmdeblo organo 

problema parlamenti aRmasrulebeli Stosgan 

damoukidebeli ar aris da praqtikaSi 

zedamxedvelobis efeqtianad 

ganxorcieleba ar SeuZlia. 

rekomendacia imisTvis, rom parlamenti ufro 

damoukidebeli gaxdes, unda gadaidgas 

nabijebi, romlebic sakanonmdeblo 

organoSi gansxvavebuli politikuri 

interesebis ukeT warmodgenas 

uzrunvelyofs. am miznis misaRwevad, 

SesaZlebelia cvlilebebis Setana 

saparlamento mandatebis ganawilebis 

arsebul sistemaSi. 

saarCevno kampaniebis dafinansebis mxriv 

arsebuli disbalansis aRmofxvra da 

gamWvirvalobis gazrda aseve 

wingadadgmuli nabiji iqneba ufro 

pluralisturi mmarTvelobis 

mimarTulebiT. 

sayrdeni instituti aRmasrulebeli Sto 

problema aRmasrulebeli Stos angariSvaldebuleba 

sakmarisad uzrunvelyofili ar aris 

(ZiriTadad parlamentisa da sasamarTlo 

xelisuflebis sisustis gamo). 

rekomendacia parlamentisa da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

gaZliereba xels Seuwyobs aRmasrulebeli 

Stos angariSvaldebulebis zrdas. 

sayrdeni instituti sasamarTlo xelisufleba 

problema sasamarTlo xelisuflebis saqmianobaSi 

arajerovnad erevian aRmasrulebeli Sto 

da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi. 

2011 227 

VIII. 

rekomendaciebi

228 

sasamarTlo xelisufleba sakmarisad 

gamWvirvale ar aris. 

rekomendacia SesaZlebelia iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos 

formirebis wesis Secvla imgvarad, rom 

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares 

sabWoSi sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

warmomadgenelTa kandidaturebis 

wardgenis eqslkuziuri ufleba aRar 

hqondes da es ufleba mosamarTleTa 

konferenciis wevrebsac mieniWoT. 

mosamarTleTa dasaniSnad saWiro ar unda 

iyos iusticiis umaRles sabWoSi 

prezidentisa da parlamentis 

warmomadgenlebis Tanxmoba. 

savaldebulo unda gaxdes sasamarTlo 

gadawyvetilebebis ganTavseba sasamarTlos 

veb-gverdze. 

sayrdeni instituti sajaro samsaxuri 

problema sajaro samsaxuri praqtikaSi daculi ar 

aris politikuri gavlenisgan, rac safrTxes 

uqmnis sajaro mosamsaxureTa 

damoukideblobas. 

gamWvirvalobasTan da 

keTilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebuli 

sakanonmdeblo debulebebi mTels sajaro 

samsaxurSi Tanmimdevrulad da 

srulyofilad ar gamoiyeneba. 

rekomendacia aucilebelia zomebis gatareba sajaro 

mosamsaxureTa samsaxuridan TviTneburi 

daTxovnis praqtikis aRmosafxvrelad, 

gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac romelime 

sajaro uwyebis politikuri 

xelmZRvaneloba icvleba. 

kanonis is debulebebi, romlebic sajaro 

mosamsaxureTa Tanamdebobaze daniSvnas, 

aseve „reorganizaciis“ dros samsaxuridan 

maT daTxovnas exeba, SesaZlebelia, 

gafarTovdes da ufro mkafio gaxdes, raTa 

Tavidan iqnes acilebuli maTi borotad 

gamoyeneba. SemoRebul unda iqnes 

TanamSromelTa dawinaurebisa da premiebis 

mikuTvnebis maregulirebeli mkafio da 

erTgvarovani wesebi. 

SesaZlebelia sajaro samsaxuris biuros 

uflebamosilebebisa da resursebis gazrda, 

rac mas saSualebas miscems, sajaro 


2011 

mosamsaxureebs treningebi Cautaros 


dakavSirebul sakiTxebze da ganaxorcielos 

Sesabamisi wesebis Sesrulebis monitoringi. 

sajaro samsaxuris biurom mTels sajaro 

samsaxurSi wesebisa da praqtikis 

erTgvarovnebaze unda izrunos da 

uzrunvelyos, rom zogierT samTavrobo 

uwyebaSi damkvidrebuli sanimuSo praqtika 

sajaro seqtoris sxva uwyebebSic dainergos. 

uzrunvelyofil unda iqnes wesebisa da 

praqtikis erTgvarovneba mTel sajaro 

samsaxurSi. magaliTad, unda dadgindes 

minimaluri saerTo standartebi 

informaciis im saxeobebTan dakavSirebiT, 

romlebic sajaro uwyebebma sakuTari 

iniciativiT unda gamoaqveynon. magaliTisTvis, 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ 

saqarTvelos“ mier momzadebul dokumentSi 

„aTi rCeva Ria monacemTa Sesaxeb“ 

mocemulia rekomendaciebi sajaro 

informaciis gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT. 


dakavSirebuli Zlieri sakanonmdeblo 

normebi aseve unda exebodes adgilobrivi 

TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis zogierT 

warmomadgenels, romlebzec, rogorc Cans, 

es wesebi amJamad ar vrceldeba. unda 

aRmoifxvras bundovaneba imasTan 

dakavSirebiT, vrceldeba Tu ara 

keTilsindisierebis sferoSi arsebuli 

sakanonmdeblo normebi sajaro samarTlis 

iuridiul pirebze. 

SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis meSveobiT, 

uzrunvelyofil unda iqnes Sida auditis 

subieqtebis saTanado funqcionireba 

(romelTac kanoniT keTilsindisierebis 

normebis implementacia evalebaT). 

sayrdeni instituti samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

problema samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi sakmarisad 

gamWvirvale ar aris. 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofa 

Tanmimdevrulad ar xdeba, gansakuTrebiT 

maSin, rodesac saqme maRali rangis 

Tanamdebobis pirebs an politikur 

interesebs exeba. 

229 

VIII. rekomendaciebi

230 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi zogjer 

politikur zegavlenas ganicdian, rasac 

Sedegad SerCeviTi samarTlebrivi devna da 

kanonis SerCeviTi aRsruleba moaqvs. 

rekomendacia samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis saqmianobis 

maregulirebel kanonebs gamWvirvalobasTan 

dakavSirebuli ufro farTo debulebebi 

unda daematos. 

saTanadod unda iqnes gamoZiebuli is 

savaraudo samarTaldarRvevebi, 

romlebSic samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

TanamSromlebi, gansakuTrebiT maRali 

rangis Tanamdebobis pirebi, figurireben. 

sayrdeni instituti kontrolis palata 

problema kontrolis palatas kvlavac aqvs 

SesaZleblobebTan dakavSirebuli 

problemebi. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia 

iseTi auditorebis nakleboba, romlebsac 

kompleqsuri auditis Catareba SeuZliaT. 

rekomendacia aucilebelia kontrolis palatis 

uzrunvelyofa maRalkvalificiuri 

auditorebis sakmarisi ricxvis mosazidad 

saWiro resursebiT. 

sayrdeni instituti saarCevno administracia 

problema saarCevno administracia praqtikaSi 

sakmarisad damoukidebeli ar aris. 

saarCevno administraciis 

angariSvaldebuleba praqtikaSi 

uzrunvelyofili ar aris. 

saarCevno administracias, Sesabamisi 

uflebamosilebis arqonis gamo, partiebis 

(saarCevno kampaniebis) dafinansebis 

efeqturad regulireba ar SeuZlia. 

saarCevno administracia ver axerxebs 

saarCevno procesis zogierTi aspeqtis 

saTanadod marTvas (administraciuli 

resursebis ukanono gamoyenebis aRkveTa, 

xmebis daTvla da Sejameba, saCivrebis 

ganxilva). 

rekomendacia saarCevno administraciis dakompleqtebis 

wesebi imgvarad unda Seicvalos, rom 

uzrunvelyofil iqnes administraciis 

politikuri miukerZoebloba da 

profesionalizmi. 


2011 

sayrdeni instituti saxalxo damcveli 

aucilebelia imis uzrunvelyofa, rom 

saarCevno administraciis winaaRmdeg 

mimarTuli saCivrebi da gancxadebebi 

sasamarTloSi saTanadod iqnes ganxiluli. 

SesaZlebelia politikuri partiebis 

kanonisa da saarCevno kodeqsis imgvarad 

Secvla, rom centralur saarCevno komisias 

partiebis dafinansebis regulirebisa da 

monitoringis kuTxiT ufro farTo 

uflebamosilebebi mieniWos. 

unda gamkacrdes kanonis is normebi, 

romlebic administraciuli resursebis 

ukanono gamoyenebis aRsakveTad aris 

gamiznuli. 

dabal rgolebSi saarCevno administraciis 

moxeleTa daniSvna Sesabamisi procedurebis 

codnis testirebas unda daefuZnos. 

problema saxalxo damcveli saxelmwifosgan sakmaris 

dafinansebas ar iRebs da iZulebulia, 

donorebis daxmareba gamoiyenos misi 

aparatis funqcionirebis 

uzrunvelsayofad da ZiriTadi 

movaleobebis Sesasruleblad. 

saxalxo dacvelis sagamoZiebo saqmianoba 

zogjer imis gamo ferxdeba, rom sxva sajaro 

uwyebebi masTan saTanadod ar 

TanamSromloben. 

rekomendacia saxelmwifo biujetSi saxalxo damcvelis 

aparatisTvis gankuTvnili yovelwliuri 

saxsrebis odenoba unda gaizardos, raTa 

uzrunvelyofil iqnes yvela saoperacio 

xarjis dafarva. 

sajaro moxeleebs sanqciebi unda 

ekisrebodeT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu isini ar 

Seasruleben saxalxo damcvelisTvis 

gamoZiebaSi daxmarebis gawevis kanoniT 

gaTvaliswinebul valdebulebas. 

sayrdeni instituti politikuri partiebi 

problema partiebs Soris resursebis ganawilebis 

mxriv amJamad arsebuli mdgomareoba 

efeqtiani politikuri konkurenciis 

arsebobis saSualebas ar iZleva da 

politikur sistemaSi pluralizmis 

naklebobas iwvevs. 

231 


232 

politikuri partiebis finansuri 

gamWvirvaloba da angariSvaldebuleba arc 

kanoniT da arc praqtikaSi 

uzrunvelyofili ar aris. 

politikur partiebSi Sida demokratiuli 

marTvis meqanizmebi sustia. 

rekomendacia arsebuli disbalansis gamosasworeblad, 

xelisuflebam unda ganixilos saarCevno 

kampaniis xarjebis maqsimaluri dasaSvebi 

odenobis dawesebis SesaZlebloba. 

parlamentSi mandatebis ganawilebis 

arsebul wesebSi cvlilebebis Setana aseve 

xels Seuwyobda meti politikuri 

konkurenciisa da pluralizmis arsebobas. 

rogorc saarCevno administraciisTvis 

gankuTvnil rekomendaciebSic aRiniSna, 

SesaZlebelia politikuri partiebis 

kanonisa da saarCevno kadeqsis imgvarad 

Secvla, rom centralur saarCevno komisias 

ufro farTo uflebamosilebebi mieniWos 

partiebis dafinansebis regulirebisa da 

monitoringis kuTxiT. 

politikuri partiebi yovelmxriv unda 

ecadon adgilobrivi struqturebis Seqmnas 

da uzrunvelyon, rom farTo 

sazogadoebrivi interesebi saTanadod 

iqnes warmodgenili maT xelmZRvanelobaSi, 

programebsa da saqmianobaSi. 

sayrdeni instituti media 

problema yvelaze gavleniani media-erTeulebi 

damoukidebelni ar arian da mkveTr 

mikerZoebas avlenen axali ambebis 

gaSuqebisas. 

mediis mflobeloba praqtikaSi gamWvirvale 

ar aris. 

media araefqtiania korufciis mxilebisa da 

mmarTvelobis sakiTxebze sazogadoebis 

informirebis mxriv. 

rekomendacia saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma 

komisiam unda awarmoos monitoringi da 

uzrunvelyos mauwyebelTa qcevis kodeqsis 

Sesruleba, gansakuTrebiT im debulebebisa, 

romlebic saredaqcio damoukideblobas 

exeba. 


2011 

uzrunvelyofil unda iqnes kanonmdeblobis 

im axali debulebebis srulyofili 

Sesruleba, romlebic mflobelobis 

gamWirvalobas iTvaliswinebs (SesaZloa es 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnul 

komisias daevalos). 

saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivma mauwyebelma 

unda gamoyos resursebi Jurnalisturi 

gamoZiebis Janris programebis Sesaqmnelad. 

rogorc xelisuflebam, ise ucxoelma 

donorebma xeli unda Seuwyon sagamoZiebo 

Jurnalistikis ganviTarebas. 

saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma 

komisiam telearxebisTvis samauwyeblo 

licenziebis miniWebisas ar unda 

ugulvebelyos politikuri Sinaarsis 

gadacemebi. 

sayrdeni instituti samoqalaqo sazogadoeba 

problema samoqalaqo sazogadoebas dafinansebis 

diversificirebuli wyaroebi ar gaaCnia da 

mTlianad ucxoeli donorebis daxmarebazea 

damokidebuli. 

samoqalaqo seqtorSi sakmarisad 

uzrunvelyofili ar aris 

keTilsindisiereba da angariSvaldebuleba. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba efeqtianad ver 

axerxebs xelisuflebis 

angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelyofas da 

politikis reformireba-formulirebaSi 

monawileobas. 

rekomendacia mTavrobam unda Seqmnas SesaZleblobebi da 

meqanizmebi, romlebic samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebs politikis 

formulirebaSi monawileobis saSualebas 

miscems. amisTvis aucilebelia, rom 

saTanado dro gamoiyos kanonproeqtebze 

komentirebisTvis, xolo wamyvan jgufebs 

politikis formulirebaSi ufro adreul 

etapze Cabmis saSualeba mieceT. 

xelisuflebam unda ganixilos samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebis saxelmwifo 

dafinansebis amJamindeli moculobis 

gazrdis SesaZlebloba, maT Soris am 

organizaciebTan servisebis mowodebis 

Sesaxebkontraqtebis gaformeba da 

saxelmwifosa da kerZo organizaciebis 

partniorobis SesaZleblobebi. 

233 


234 

sayrdeni instituti biznesi 

sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis is 

debulebebi, romlebic kerZo da 

korporatiuli Semowirulobebis 

stimulirebas axdens, unda gaumjobesdes da 

gafarTovdes. 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebma 

unda gaaumjobeson maTi Sida marTvis 

procedurebi da ukeT gaacnon isini maT 

mxardamWerebsa da beneficiarTa jgufebs 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebma 

ufro mWidro kavSiri unda daamyaron 

farTo sazogadoebasTan, raTa politikur 

debatebSi farTo sazogadoebrivi 

interesebis ukeT warmodgena SeZlon, 

xolo politikis CamoyalibebaSi 

monawileobaze maTi pretenzia ufro 

legitimuri gaxdes. 

problema praqtikaSi biznesi mis saqmianobaSi 

arajerovani Carevisgan sakmarisad daculi 

ar aris. 

biznesi ar aris CarTuli antikorufciuli 

politikis SemuSavebaSi da misi kavSiri 

samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan sustia. 

rekomendacia unda gaizardos sasamarTlo xelisuflebis 

damoukidebloba (ixileT zemoT 

CamoTvlili rekomendaciebi). 

praqtikaSi Tanmimdevrulad unda iqnes 

gamoyenebuli kanonmdeblobis axali 

debulebebi (maT Soris, sagadasaxado 

kodeqsis debulebebi), romelTa mizani 

biznesis mis saqmianobaSi arajerovani 

Carevisagan dacvaa. 

xelisufleba unda ecados biznesis CarTvas 

antikorufciuli politikis SemuSavebaSi. 

biznes-subieqtebma da samoqalaqo 

sazogadoebis organizaciebma unda 

ganaviTaron partnioroba saerTo 

interesebis sferoebSi erToblivi 

proeqtebis ganxorcielebis gziT. 


danarTi 1. erovnuli antikorufciuli 

sistemis Sefasebis qulebi 

roli 

marTva 

SesaZleblobebi 

praqtikis 

saerTo qula 

kanonis 

saerTo qula 

2011 

roli 1 roli 2 roli 3 

keTilsindisiereba 

gamWvirvaloba angariSvaldebuleba 

rolebis aRwera 

saSualo 

kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika 

saSualo 

resursebi damoukidebloba 

kanoni praqtika kanoni praqtika saSualo 

kanoni vs 

praqtika 

saboloo 

qula 

1- zedamxedveloba 

aRmasrulebel Stoze 

2- sakanonmdeblo reforma 

3- 

sakanonmdeblo 54,2 64,3 46,4 17,9 100 50 75 25 62,5 75 75 50 50 75 50 62,5 25 50 — — 37,5 

organo 

1- sajaro seqtoris marTva 

2- samarTlebrivi sistema 

3- 

aRmasrulebeli Sto 69,4 70,8 60,7 10,1 — 75 100 100 91,7 50 50 75 25 75 50 54,2 50 75 — — 62,5 

(prezidenti da 

ministrTa kabineti) 

1- zedamxedveloba 

aRmasrulebel Stoze 

2- 

3- 

sasamarTlo 43,8 62,5 33,3 29,2 75 50 75 25 56,3 50 25 75 25 75 50 50 25 — — — — 25 

1- sazogadoebis informireba 

2- sajaro dawesebulebebTan, 

samoqalaqo-sazogadoebriv 

organizaciebTan da kerZo 

seqtorTan TanamSromloba 

korufciis prevenciisa 

da daZlevis kuTxiT 

3- korufciis riskebis 

Semcireba saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas 

keTilsindisierebis 

garantirebis gziT 

sajaro samsaxuri 50,0 65,0 46,9 18,1 — 50 50 25 41,7 75 50 75 75 75 50 66,7 — 25 — 50 50 41,7 

1- samarTlebrivi devna 

korufciis winaaRmdeg 

2- 

3- 

1- saarCevno kampaniebis 

regulireba 

2- arCevnebis administrireba 

3- 

samarTaldamcavi 68,1 75,0 54,2 20,8 — 100 75 50 75 50 25 75 25 100 50 54,2 75 — — — — 75 

uwyebebi 

saarCevno 47,2 54,2 42,9 11,3 — 50 75 25 50 75 75 50 25 50 50 54,2 25 50 — — 37,5 

administracia 

1- efeqtiani finansuri 

auditis Catareba 

2- darRvevebis dafiqsireba 

da sanqciebis daweseba 

3- finansuri marTvis 

gaumjobeseba 

kontrolis 62,8 65,6 57,1 8,5 50 75 50 58,3 75 75 75 75 100 qulis 80 50 50 50 50 

palata gareSe 

1- gamoZieba 

2- sanimuSo praqtikis 

damkvidrebis xelSewyoba 

3- 

saxalxo 63,9 66,7 62,5 4,2 — 50 75 75 66,7 75 75 75 75 75 qulis 75 50 50 — — 50 

damcveli gareSe 

1- interesebis agregacia da 

reprezentacia 

2- antikorufciuli miznebis 

erTguleba 

3- 

politikuri 47,9 75,0 35,7 39,3 100 25 100 50 68,8 75 50 50 50 50 25 50 — 25 — 25 — — 25 

partiebi 

1- korufciis faqtebis 

gamoZieba da mxileba 


korufciisa da misi 

Sedegebis Sesaxeb 


mmarTvelobis sakiTxebze 

media 45,8 80,0 28,1 51,9 100 50 75 25 62,5 100 25 75 25 50 25 50 — 25 — 25 — 25 25 

235 

1- xelisuflebis angariSvaldebulebis 

uzrunvelyofa 

2- politikis reformaSi 

monawileoba 

3- 

1- antikorufciul 

politikaSi monawileoba 

2- samoqalaqo sazogadoebis 

mxardaWera/masTan 

TanamSromloba 

3- 

samoqalaqo 40,3 58,3 40,0 18,3 75 25 75 75 62,5 — 50 — 25 25 33,3 — 25 — 25 — — 25 

sazogadoeba 

biznesi 50,7 75,0 50,0 25,0 75 50 100 50 68,8 100 50 50 50 50 50 58,3 — 25 — 25 — — 25

danarTi 2. 


sistemis praqtikuli testebi 

informaciis Tavisuflebis 

dargSi 

1 Semowmebul iqna erovnuili 

antikorufciuli sistemaSi Semavali 

mxolod sajaro dawesebulebebi, radgan 

kanoni informaciis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb 

arasajaro dawesebulebebs, rogorebicaa 

media, biznesi da samoqalaqo sazogadoeba, 

ar moicavs. 

236 

saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis mesame Tavi moqalaqeTaTvis 

sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobis wesebs gansazRvravs. 

kanonis Tanaxmad, moTxovnili informacia sajaro dawesebulebis mier 

unda gaices ara ugvianes 10 samuSao dRisa. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis sajaro dawesebulebebis gamWvirvalobis 

gansazRvris mizniT, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom“ 

praqtikuli testebi ganaxorciela. testebis Sedegebi Sesulia angariSis 

im qveTavebSi, romlebic praqtikaSi TiToeuli institutis gamWvirvaloba 

exeba. am testebis mixedviT, kontrolis palata, centraluri 

saarCevno komisia da uzenaesi sasamarTlo erovnuli antikorufciuli 

sistemis institutebs Soris yvelaze ukeT exmaurebian moTxovnebs, iyo. 

amave dros, sajaro informaciis moTxovniT wardgenil gancxadebebs yvelaze 

cudad aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi 

pasuxobdnen. ar gamokveTila pasuxebis gansxvavebuloba imis mixedviT, 

Tu vin Txovda informacia, an imis mixedviT, moTxovna standartuli iyo 

Tu rTuli. dawesebulebebis umravlesobam gancxdebebs pasuxi kanoniT 

dadgenil aTdRian vadaSi gasca. 

meTodologia 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis sajaro dawesebulebebis gamWvirvalobis 

Sesamowmeblad, 13 sajaro dawesebulebaSi gagzavnil iqna 52 gancxadeba 

sajaro informaciis moTxovnis Taobaze. es 13 dawesebuleba erovnuli 

antokorufciuli sistemis sajaro seqtoris Svid instituts warmoadgens. 

1 testebisas mowmdeboda instituciuri gamoxmaurebis done ori 

cvladis mixedviT: ganmcxadeblis vinaoba da moTxovnis tipi. Sedegebis 

droSi Tanabrad ganawilebis mizniT, testebi or raundad Catarda. 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis zogierTi sajaro uwyeba sxvadasxva 

saagentoebsa da sajaro dawesebulebebs moicavs, maSin rodesac sxvebi 

ufro patara institutebi arian. imisTvis, rom didi institutebis ufro 

kargad reprezentatuli nimuSi migveRo, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba - 


saqarTvelom“ maT SemadgenlobaSi Semavali ramdenime saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba 

Seamowma. sul Semowmda 13 dawesebuleba: 

2011 

sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba _ oTxi qve-instituti 

iuridiul sakiTxTa komiteti 

saproceduro sakiTxTa da wesebis komiteti 

safinanso-sabiiujeto komiteti 

parlamentis aparati 

aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba _ sami qve-instituti 

finansTa saministro 

Tavdacvis saministro 

iusticiis saministro 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi _ ori qve-instituti 

prokuratura 

Sinagan saqmeTa saministro 

sasamarTlo xelisuflebis Sesamowmeblad, moTxovnebi gagzavnil iqna uzenaes 

sasamarTloSi. centraluri saarCevno komisia, kontrolis palata da 

saxalxo damcveli pirdapir Semowmda. 

praqtikuli testebis dros instituciuri gamoxmaurebis xarisxi ori 

cvladis mixedviT mowmdeboda: informaciis momTxovnis vinaoba da Tavad 

moTxovnis tipi. imisaTvis, rom dadgeniliyo, gaicema Tu ara informacia 

Tanabrad da aradiskriminaciulad, informaciis moTxovnebi wardgenil 

iqna oTxi sxvadasxva tipis ganmcxadeblis mier, romlebic SerCeul iqnen 

rogorc Tbilisidan, ise saqarTvelos regionuli centrebidan. 2 

1. Jurnalisti 

2. arasamTavrobo organizaciis warmomadgeneli 

3. damoukidebeli piri 

4. damoukidebeli piri, romlic eTnikuri umciresobis warmomadgeneli 

iyo (rac misi gvaridan Canda) 

TiToeulma institutma miiRo rogorc standartuli, ise rTuli moTxovna. 

standartuli moTxovna ganisazRvreba, rogorc iseTi informaciis 

moTxovna, romelic mza saxiT arsebobs da dauyovnebliv aris xelmisawvdomi 

Sesabamis dawesebulebaSi (magaliTad, finansuri angariSi, biujeti, 

yovelwliuri saqmianobis angariSi an informacia xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb). 

3 rTul moTxovnaze pasuxis gacema dawesebulebis mxridan, savaraudod, 

damatebiT kvlevas an monacemebTan muSaobas moiTxovs. 4 

praqtikuli testebis ori raundi 2010 wlis gazafxulze Catarda. TiToeul 

raundSi yovelma uwyebam erTi standartuli da erTi rTuli moTxovna 

miiRo, anu, mTlianobaSi, TiToeulma uwyebam oTxi moTxovna miiRo. 

237 

2 Tumca, mdebareoba ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos 

rogorc mesame analitikuri cvladi 

(rogorc momTxovnis tipi da moTxovnis 

vinaobaa), radgan informaciis momTxovnTa 

umravlesoba Tbilisidan iyo da 

mdebareoba Tanabrad ar Semowmebula 

sxvadasxva institutisa da drois 

monakveTis mixedviT. 

3 standartuli moTxovnebis magaliTebi 

moicavs Semdegs: iusticiis saministros _ 

„ra aris ministris, ministris moadgilis, 

departamentis ufrosisa da wamyvani 

specialistebis xelfasisa da premiebis 

odenoba?“; iuridiul sakiTxTa komitets _ 

„ra proceduris gavlaa saWiro komitetis 

sxdomaze dasaswrebad? rogor SeiZleba 

gavigo rodis aris komitetis Semdegi 

sxdoma da ra sakiTxebi iqneba masze 

ganxiluli? ra saxiT SemiZlia komitetis 

sxdomaze Cemi komentarebis wardgena?“; 

centralur saarCevno komisias _ „gTxovT 

momawodoT politikuri partiebis 

yovelwliuri (2008) finansuri angariSi“. 

4 rTuli moTxovnebis magaliTebi aseTia: 

finansTa saministros _ „saxelmwifo 

Sesyidvebis klasifikacia erT pirTan 

molaparakebis gziT ganxorcielebuli 

Sesyidvebisa da Ria tenderebis mixedviT 

2008 wels“; Tavdacvis saministros _ 

„Tavdacvis saministros mier 2007 da 2008 

wlebSi Sesyiduli satransporto 

saSualebebis sia da maTze daxarjuli 

Tanxis odenoba“, prokuraturas _ „2009 

wels ganxorcielebuli saproceso 

SeTanxmebebis klasifikacia pirTa 

raodenobis, TiToeulis mier gadaxdili 

Tanxis da Cadenili danaSaulis mixedviT“; 

saxalxo damcvelis ofiss _ „2008 da 2009 

wels saxalxo damcvelis aparatis mier 

saxelmwifo dawesebulebebisTvis 

gagzavnili rekomendaciebis aslebi“. 

danarTi

pasuxis kodi 

5 SesaZlo pasuxis rva kodidan TiToeuli 

Tavsdeba oridan erT-erT kategoriaSi: 

damakmayofilebeli da aradamakmayofilebeli. 

damakmayofilebeli pasuxebi moicavs 

kodebs 1 da 2, aseve, sam pasuxs, romelic 

kodirebul iqna, rogorc „5 _ werilobiTi 

uari“. am ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi, saxalxo 

damcvelis aparatisadmi gagzavnili ori 

rTuli moTxovna da iusticiis saministroSi 

gagzavnili erTi gancxadeba kodirebul 

iqna, rogorc „damakmayofilebeli“, 

radganac am uwyebebma droulad upasuxes 

gancxadebebs da ganmartes, rom dasmuli 

kiTxvebi damatebiT kvlevas moiTxovda am 

dawesebulebebis farglebs miRma. 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ 

saqarTvelom“ es pasuxebi misaRebad miiCnia 

da ar moaxdina maTi kodireba, rogorc 

„aradamakmayofilebeli“ pasuxebisa. da 

bolos, erT SemTxvevaSi, informaciis 

momTxovnma safosto sistemaSi arsebuli 

problemebis gamo ver moaxerxa moTxovnis 

wardgena. es CaiTvala damakmayofilebel 

SemTxvevad, raTa Sesabamisi dawesebulebis 

(centraluri saarCevno komisiis) maCvenebeli 

usamarTlod ar Semcirebuliyo. 

6 aradamakmayofilebeli Sedegebi moicavda 

Cum uars (araviTari pasuxi moTxovnaze), 

zepir uars, werilobiT uars legitimuri 

mizezis garSe (magaliTad, mcadri miTiTeba 

kanonze), araswor gadamisamarTebas da 

arasrul pasuxebs. 

238 

ori raundis ganmavlobaSi TiToeulma uyebam erTi moTxovna miiRo TiToeuli 

saxis ganmcxadeblisgan. 

Sedegebi 

qvemoT mocemuli cxrili mokled asaxavs TiToeul instiutSi Catarebuli 

praqtikuli testebs Sedegebs. SemTxvevebis 79 procentSi, sajaro dawesebulebebma 

damakmayofilebeli pasuxebi gasces informaciis Tvisuflebis 

moTxovnebs, 5 SemTxvevebis 21 procentSi ki _ aradamakmayofilebeli. 6 

cxrili 1: Sedegebis mokle mimoxilva 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis instituti 

sakanonmdeblo aRmasrulebeli sasamarTlo samarTaldamcavi saarCevno saxalxo kontrolis sul 

organo Sto uwyebebi administracia damcveli palata 

informacia miRebul iqna 14 6 3 3 3 2 4 35(65%) 

gadamisamarTeba an miTiTeba 1 1 2 (4%) 

arasruli pasuxi 1 1 2 (4%) 

zepiri uari 1 1 (2%) 

werilobiTi uari 2 2 4 (8%) 

Cumi uari 1 2 4 7 (15%) 

ver moxerxda gancxadebis wardgena 1 1 (2%) 

uari gancxadebis miRebaze 0 (0%) 

jami 16 (31%) 12 (23%) 4 (8%) 8 (15%) 4 (8%) 4 (8%) 4 (8%) 52 (100%) 

kontrolis palata, centraluri saarCevno komisia da uzenaesi sasamar- 

Tlo yvelaze ukeT exmaurebodnen gancxadebebs da srulad upasuxes yovel 

wardgenil gancxadebas. Zalian kargi Sedegi hqonda parlamentsac, 

romelmac 16-dan mxolod erT gancxadebas gasca aradamakmayofilebeli 

pasuxi. 

amis sapirispirod, aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis dawesebulebebi da samarTaldamcavi 

uwybebi yvelaze uaresad scemdnen pasuxs gancxadebebs. 

samarTaldamcavma uwyebebma (prokuratura da Sinagan saqmeTa saministro) 

srulad rva kiTxvidan mxolod sams upasuxes. prokuratura erT-erTi im 

iyo uwyebebidan, romlebic yvelaze iSviadaT gascemdnen moTxovnil informacias. 

prokuraturam pasuxi oTxidan mxolod erT gancxadebas gasca. 

samarTaldamcavi uwyebebisadmi gagzavnili xuTi pasuxgaucemeli moTxovnidan 

uari werilobiT mxolod erTze iTqva, danarCenebze ki „Cumi uari“ 

iqna miRebuli (anu araviTari pasuxi ar gacemula). 

Cumi uaris SemTxvevebis ricxvi xazs usvams gamWvirvalobis naklebobas 

kanonis aRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi. Cumi uari, pasuxis yvelaze cudi 

tipi, miRebul iqna prokuraturisadmi gagzavnili oTxi gancxadebidan samze 

da Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosadmi gagzavnili oTxi gancxadebidan 

erTze. Cumi uaris ufro maRali maCvenebeli erovnuli antikorufciuli 


sistemis arcerT sxva instituts ar hqonia. am uwyebebs mosdevs Tavdacvis 

saministro, romelic Semowmebul iqna aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis 

testirebis farglebSi da romelmac oTxi gancxadebidan ors Cumi uariT 

upasuxa. 

100 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0 

2011 

cxrili 2: gancxadebebze erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis 

institutebis gamoxmaurebis maCvenebeli 

sakanonmdeblo 

organo 

aRmasrulebeli 

Sto 

sasamarTlo 

samarTaldamcavi 

uwyebebi 

saarCevno 

administracia 

SekiTxvebi wamyvani politikuri Tanamdebobis pirTa 

premiebis Sesaxeb 

saxalxo damcveli 

Cumi, zepiri an werilobiTi uaris SemTxvevebis 30 procenti (cametidan 

xuTi) modis kiTxvebze aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis uwyebebis (Tavdacvis, 

finansTa da iusticiis saministroebi) da samarTaldamcavi uwyebebis 

maRali Tanamdebobis pirebisTvis gadaxdili premiebis yovelwliuri odenobis 

Sesaxeb. premiebTan dakavSirebuli xuTi kiTxvidan mxolod ors 

gaeca pasuxi (sam SemTxvevaSi Cumi uari dafiqsirda) da arc erTi pasuxi ar 

iZleoda saWiro informacias. 7 zogadad, iavaraudeba, rom premiebi maRali 

Tanamdebobis pirebis xelfasis did nawils Seadgens, magram es informacia 

sazogadoebisaTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris. premiebze informaciis gacemaze 

uaris Tqmisas, orma institutma gaakeTa miTiTeba saqarTvelos konstituciaze, 

romelic piradi informaciis saidumloebas icavs. 8 Tumca, saqarTvelos 

zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi adgens, rom „sajaro dawesebuleba 

valdebulia ar gaaxmauros pirad saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli informacia 

TviT am piris Tanxmobis an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi _ sasamarTlos 

dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis gareSe, Tanamdebobis pirTa 

personaluri monacemebis garda“. 9 am praqtikuli testebis Semdeg, „saer- 

TaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom“ ufro detalurad Seiswavla 

premiebis sakiTxi da SeZlo zustad gamoeangariSebina maRali Tanamdebobis 

pirTa premiebi maTi deklarirebuli Semosavlidan kanoniT dadgenili 

xelfasis gamoklebis gziT. 10 amasTan erTad, informaciis Tavisuflebis 

ganviTarebis institutma zogierTi samTavrobo uwyebisgan, rogoricaa, 

magaliTad, garemos dacvis saministro, informacia TanamSromelTa 

premiebis Sesaxeb miiRo. 

239 

kontrolis palata 

Satisfactory (%) 

Unsatisfactory (%) 

sul 

7 premiebTan dakavSirebuli informaciis 

miwodebis yvela moTxovna kodirebuli 

iqna, rogorc „aradamakmayofilebeli“. 

8 muxli 42(2) 

9 muxli 44(1) 

10 raiani, keitlin da rusudan xotivari, 

„saministroebis maRali Tanamdebobis 

pirTa Semosavlebisa da premiebis 

monitoringi“, „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos“ blogi, 

2011 wlis 1 Tebervali. 

danarTi

ganmcxadeblis 

vinaoba 

arasamTavrobo organizaciis 

warmomadgeneli 

Jurnalisti 

eTnikuri umciresobis 

warmomadgeneli 

damoukidebeli moqalaqe 

moTxovnebis 

saerTo 

raodenoba 

7 All the requests for information about bonuses 

were coded “unsatisfactory”. 

8 Article 42 (2). 

9 Article 44 (1). 

10 Ryan, Caitlin and Rusudan Khotivari, “Tracking 

top-level ministry official’s income and bonuses“, 

Transparency International Georgia 

Blog, 1 February 2011. 

240 

moTxovnebze gamoxmaurebis maCvenebeli informaciis 

momTxovnis vinaobis mixedviT 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom“ oTxi sxvadasxva tipis ganmcxadebelTan 

imuSava, raTa ganesazRvra, gansxvavebli iqneboda Tu ara 

saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis mxridan moTxovnebze gamoxmaurebis maCvenebeli 

informaciis momTxovnis vinaobidan gamomdinare. Cven davadgineT, 

rom ganmcxadeblis vinaoba Zalze mcire gavlenas axdens damakmayofilebeli 

pasuxis miRebis SesaZleblobaze. Sedegebi mokled aris mimoxiluli 

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi: 

cxrili 3: moTxovnebze gamoxmaurebis done informaciis momTxovnis 

vinaobis mixedviT 

damakmayofilebeli 

Sedegi 

damakmayofilebeli 

Sedegi (%) 

aradamakmayofilebeli 

Sedegi 

aradamakmayofilebeli 

Sedegi (%) 

12 10 83.3 2 16.7 

13 10 76.9 3 23.1 

14 11 78.6 3 21.4 

13 10 76.9 3 23.1 

moTxovnebze gamoxmaurebis maCvenebeli moTxovnis 

tipis mixedviT 

ar SemCneula gamoxmaurebis maCveneblis gansxvaveba standartuli da rTuli 

moTxovnebis mixedviT. pasuxi gaeca an gadamisamarTebul iqna cxrameti 

standartuli moTxovna da Tvrameti rTuli moTxovna. gansxvaveba imdenad 

mniSvnelovani ar aris, rom SesaZlebeli iyos darwmunebiT Tqma, rom sajaro 

dawesebulebebi „advili“moTxovnebsufro metad pasuxoben, vidre 

„rTuls“. 

cxrili 4: moTxovnebze gamoxmaurebis maCvenebeli moTxovnis tipis 

mixedviT 

standartuli moTxovna rTuli moTxovna 

informacia miRebul iqna 

18 17 

gadamisamarTda an miTiTebul iqna 1 1 

arasruli pasuxi 

1 1 

zepiri uari 

0 1 

werilobiTi uari 

1 3 

Cumi uari 

4 3 

ver moxerxda wardgena 

1 0 

uari gancxadebis miRebaze 

0 0 

sul 

26 26 


100% 

90% 

80% 

70% 

60% 

50% 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

0% 

2011 

pasuxebis droulad gacema 

umetes SemTxvevebSi, pasuxi 10 samuSao dRis vadaSi gaica (rogorc amas 

saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi moiTxovs). kanonis Tanaxmad, 

11 Tu pasuxis gasacemad sruli aTdRiani vadaa saWiro, informaciis 

momTxovns dauyovnebliv unda ecnobos amis Sesaxeb. kanonis es debuleba 

umeteswilad ar sruldeboda. iyo mxolod erTi SemTxveva, rodesac centralurma 

saarCevno komisiam ganmcxadebels Seatyobina, rom pasuxis mosamzadeblad 

maqsimaluri aTdRiani vada iqneboda saWiro. 

cxrili 5: dawesebulebebis mier pasuxis gacemis dro 

pasuxi 

10 samuSao dRis 

vadaSi 

pasuxi 

10 samuSao dRis 

Semdeg 

Cumi uari sxva danarCeni 

241 


kodeqsis muxli 40(2). 

danarTi

danarTi 3. 

dainteresebul mxareTa 

sakonsultacio seminari 

242 

saqarTvelos erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba 

sastumro „redison blu iveria“ 

orSabaTi, 2011 wlis 30 maisi, 10:30-16:45 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba xarisxobrivi kvlevaa, 

romlis farglebSic pirvelad xdeba im 12 institutis funqciisa da 

siZlieris Sefaseba, romlebic wamyvan rols asruleben korufciasTan 

brZolasa da mis prevenciaSi saqarTveloSi. 

seminaris miznebi: 

miRweul iqnes saqarTvelos „erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis“ 

arsisa da misi amJamindeli mdgomareobis saerTo gageba 

damswre pirebma gamoTqvan mosazrebebi kvlevis Sesaxeb misi saboloo 

versiis gamoqveynebamde 

daixvewos rekomendaciebi momaval politikur reformebTan 

dakavSirebiT da ganisazRvros prioritetuli rekomendaciebi 

dRis wesrigi 

10:00 yava da monawileTa registracia 

10:30 misalmeba da wardgena (samejliso darbazi) 

eka gigauri, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ 

aRmasrulebeli direqtori 

vaxtang leJava, saqarTvelos premier-ministris mTavari mrCeveli 

inglisurad, sinqronuli TargmaniT 

11:00 seminaris miznebi: istoria da meTodologia (samejliso darbazi) 

keitlin raiani, ufrosi analitikosi da programis menejeri, 

„saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 


2011 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis daskvnebi da 

rekomendaciebi 

erekle uruSaZe, proeqtis wamyvani mkvlevari, „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo“ 

kiTxva-pasuxi 




12:45 sadili, restorani „filini“ (sastumro „redisonis“ me-2 sarTuli) 

14:00 samuSao jgufebi (cal-calke oTaxebSi): 

1. xelisuflebis ZiriTadi institutebi 

fasilitatori: qeTevan vaSakiZe, evraziis partniorobis fondi 

oTaxi 3 

parlamenti; aRmasrulebeli Sto; sasamarTlo 

2. sajaro uwyebebi 

fasilitatori: Tamuna qarosaniZe, „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba 

– saqarTvelos“ gamgeobis wevri 

oTaxi 5 

sajaro samsaxuri; samarTaldamcavi uwyebebi; 

saarCevno administracia; saxalxo damcveli; kontrolis palata 

3. arasamTavrobo aqtorebi 

fasilitatori: giorgi gogia, „hiuman raits uoCi“. 

oTaxi 6 

15:30 Sesveneba 

politikuri partiebi; media; samoqalaqo sazogadoeba; biznesi 

samuSao ena: qarTuli. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi iwarmoebs 

individualuri Targmani 

16:00-16:45 samuSao jgufebSi gamarTuli ganxilvis Sedegebis wardgena 

da saboloo diskusia (samejliso darbazi) 




243 

danarTi

244 

Sesavali da zogadi informacia seminaris Sesaxeb 

madlobas gixdiT erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis dainteresebul 

mxareTa sakonsultacio seminarSi monawileobisTvis. seminari kvlevis 

procesis mniSvnelovani nawilia. Cven warmogidgenT am momentisTvis 

arsebul kvlevis masalas, gTxovT, rom gamoTqvaT Tqveni azri kvleviTi 

gundis daskvnebze da gansazRvroT prioritetebi im naklovanebebidan gamomdinare, 

romlebic saqarTvelos erovnul antikorufciuli sistemaSi 

iqna aRmoCenili. 

samuSao ena 

seminaris prezentaciebis umravlesoba inglisur enaze warimarTeba sinqronuli 

qarTuli TargmaniT. rodesac naSuadRevs monawileebi samuSao jgufebad 

daiyofian, jgufebis fasilitatorebi samuSao enis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebas 

jgufebis Semadgenlobis mixedviT miiReben, xolo „saerTaSoriso 

gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos“ TanamSromlebi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, 

Tarjimnebis movaleobas Seasruleben. 

drois simciris gamo, qarTulad mxolod angariSis TiToeuli Tavis Sesavali 

nawilis Targmna moxerxda, Tumca qarTul enaze aseve xelmisawvdomia 

angariSis Tavi kvlevis daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis Sesaxeb. angariSis 

saboloo versia orive enaze gamoqveyndeba. 

mosamzadebeli sakiTxavi da molodini 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis kvlevis ZiriTadi Tavebisa da daskvnebis 

da rekomendaciebis inglisurenovani versia ganTavsebulia Cvens internet-gverdze 

(http://transparency.ge/en/nis-chapters-stakeholder-workshop) 

da misi CamotvirTva seminaris yvela monawiles SeuZlia. TiToeuli Tavis 

mokle mimoxilva da daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis Tavi ki qarTul enazec 

aris ganTavsebuli. 

seminaris monawileebs SeuZliaT mosazreba gamoTqvan nebismieri Tavis Sesaxeb, 

Tumca Cven ar moveliT, rom Tqven kvlevaSi Sesuli yvela sferos 

eqspertebi iqnebiT. Cven seminarze moviwvieT rogorc kvlevaSi ganxiluli 

TiToeuli institutis warmomadgenlebi, ise gare eqspertebi. kargi iqneba, 

Tu seminaris dawyebamde moaxerxebT kvlevis im Tavis (an Tavebis) wakiTxvas, 

romelic Tqveni konkretuli codnis sferos exeba, xolo Semdgom im samuSao 

jgufs SeuerTdebiT, romelic im sakiTxs ganixilavs, romelic, Tqveni 

azriT, yvelaze ukeT iciT. 

samuSao jgufebi: diskusiis sferoebi 

samuSao jgufebma komentari unda gaakeTon TiTeuli institutis Semdgom 

aspeqtebze: 


1. arsebobs Tu ara raime mniSvnelovani informacia am institutis Sesaxeb, 

romelic mkvlevars gamorCa? 

2. aqvs Tu ara instituts sxva naklovanebebi, romlebic sias unda daematos? 

3. xom ar aris mocemuli institutis jamuri qula Zalze araswori da Tu 

asea, ratom? 

4. aris Tu ara winaswari rekomendaciebi swori da realisturi? romeli 

rekomendacebi miaCniaT monawileebs prioritetulad? 

2011 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis Sefaseba 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis analizi „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvalobis“ 

mier SemuSavebuli midgomaa, romelic ukve asze met qveyanaSi iqna 

gamoyenebuli. analizi winaswar gansazRvruli meTodologiisa da kvleviTi 

CarCos mixedviT xorcieldeba. kvlevis farglebSi Sefasebulia qveynis im 

12 ZiriTadi institutis siZliere da efeqtianoba, romlebic wamyvan rols 

asruleben korufciasTan brZolaSi (magaliTad, sasamarTlo, politikuri 

partiebi, media da biznesi). bolo periodSi msgavsi kvlevebi gamoqveynda 

irlandiaSi, ukrainaSi, did britaneTSi da sxva qveynebSi. 2011 wels 

gamoqveyndeba somxeTSi, Sri-lankasa da evropis 25 saxelmwifoSi Catarebuli 

kvlevebi. damatebiT informacias SegiZliaT gaecnoT internetgverdze: 

http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/nis 

SeniSvna qulebis daweris sistemis Sesaxeb 

erovnuli antikorufciuli sistemis analizi faqtobrivad xarixsobrivi 

kvlevaa, romelic moicavs ZiriTadi institutebis ganxilvas da imis 

Sefasebas, Tu ramdenad kargad SeuZliaT maT sakuTari funqciis Sesruleba 

keTilsindisieri mmarTvelobis uzrunvelyofis kuTxiT. Tumca, TiToeul 

instituts qulac ewereba, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos sxvadasxva institutis 

erTmaneTTan Sedareba. TiToeuli institutis indikatorebi Sefasebulia 

100-quliani SkaliT, 25-iani intervalebiT (0, 25, 50, da a.S.). TiToeuli 

institutis SemTxvevaSi cal-calke aris Sefasebuli kanonmdebloba da 

praqtika. seminarze warmodgenili iqneba yoveli institutis erTiani 

jamuri qula. 

angariSis amJamindeli mdgomareoba 

gTxovT gaiTvaliswinoT, rom amJamad angariSis mxolod winaswari versia 

arsebobs. es dokumenti gadaisinjeba rogorc seminaris Sedegebis, ise sxva 

wyaroebidan miRebuli komentarebis (maT Soris, gare akademiuri ganxilvis) 

safuZvelze da mniSvnelovan redaqtirebas gaivlis saboloo gamoqveynebamde, 

rac 2011 wlis ivlisisTvis igegmeba. 

245 

danarTi

www.transparency.ge

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