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S&F_n. 9_2013<br />

LUCA LO SAPIO<br />

HUMAN ENHANCEMENT TECHNOLOGIES. VERSO NUOVI MODELLI ANTROPOLOGICI<br />

PARTE I <br />

1. Enhancement: alcune definizioni preliminari 2. Una questione mal posta<br />

ABSTRACT: This paper deals<br />

w<strong>it</strong>h the important topic<br />

of human enhancement and<br />

tries to focus the<br />

question under a new<br />

perspective.<br />

The<br />

international debate is<br />

focused around two main<br />

theoretical pos<strong>it</strong>ions:<br />

bio‐conservatorism and<br />

techno‐enthusiasm. We<br />

seem to be forced to<br />

choose one or another<br />

conception in order to<br />

understand<br />

the<br />

relationship between<br />

human beings and<br />

technology. The first<br />

part of the paper<br />

analyzes different<br />

authors trying to<br />

circumscribe<br />

the<br />

principal features of<br />

each one. We can notice<br />

two main paradigms which<br />

are incapable to rightly<br />

understand the phenomenon we are considering. The relieves emerging in the first part will be<br />

su<strong>it</strong>able to prosecute the analysis in the second part of the work.<br />

1. Enhancement: alcune definizioni preliminari<br />

The rise of modern science and technology has radically transformed<br />

the relation between human beings and nature. Nature which for<br />

millennia had seemed all powerful and immutable, has suddenly become<br />

an object for control and manipulation, something that can be<br />

systematically shaped to human ends 1 .<br />

Rapporto tra human beings e nature: alterazione, modificazione<br />

radicale, ibridismo permanente, registro della metamorfosi, questa<br />

<br />

Il presente lavoro rappresenta la prima parte di una più corposa riflessione, il cui prosieguo<br />

verrà presentato nel prossimo numero di S&F_. Il tema in oggetto, l’enhancement, verrà analizzato<br />

prima sotto il profilo descr<strong>it</strong>tivo (nelle pagine che seguono), cercando di dare voce e definizione<br />

teorica alle due principali cornici concettuali entro cui il dibatt<strong>it</strong>o internazionale si snoda.<br />

Nella seconda parte, ci sarà, invece, un approfondimento maggiormente orientato in senso cr<strong>it</strong>ico e<br />

volto al rinvenimento di una prospettiva problematizzante, lontana dagli inquadramenti di carattere<br />

dicotomico cui siamo ab<strong>it</strong>uati.<br />

1<br />

G. Kahane, J. Savulescu, Ruud ter Meulen, Enhancing human capac<strong>it</strong>ies, John<br />

Wiley & Sons, New York 2011, p. 5.<br />

141

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