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ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />

Jurnali<br />

acxadebs konkurss!<br />

CaerTeT<br />

konkursSi!<br />

gagviziareT<br />

Tqveni gamocdileba!<br />

saukeTeso gakveTili<br />

samoqalaqo ganaTlebaSi!<br />

gamogvigzavneT gakveTilis gegma,<br />

TvalsaCinoebebi da savarjiSoebi!<br />

saukeTeso gakveTilebis avtorebi saCuqrad miiReben<br />

Jurnal `maswavleblis~ erTwlian xelmoweras da<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />

gamocemebis srul kompleqts!<br />

konkursis daskvniT etapze sami saukeTeso gakveTili<br />

gamovlindeba.<br />

gakveTilebis gegmebi Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />

momdevno nomrebSi daibeWdeba!<br />

sakonkurso masala mogvawodeT qvemoT miTiTebul misamarTze<br />

an gamoagzavneT el.fostis saSualebiT:<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri<br />

Tbilisi 0102, dimitri uznaZis 52, tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95 faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36 el. fostiT: info@tpdc.ge<br />

www.tpdc.ge

SeiZineT<br />

Jurnali<br />

ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />

moikiTxeT<br />

gamoiwereT<br />

Tqveni Jurnali TbilisSi, `macne~-s da `planeta forte~-s sacalo vaWrobis<br />

jixurebSi! saqarTvelos regionebSi ki ss `saqpresas~ jixurebSi!<br />

Jurnali `maswavalebeli~ saqarTvelos regionebSi!<br />

Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi<br />

Jurnal `maswavlebelze~ xelmoweris gasaformeblad mimarTeT `saqpresas~ da miiReT Tqveni<br />

`maswavlebeli~ Tqvens mier miTiTebul misamarTze yovel or TveSi erTxel!<br />

angariSsworeba SesaZlebelia rogorc naRdi, aseve unaRdo angarisSwrebiT.<br />

xelmowera eqvsi TviT _ 6 lari.<br />

saqarTvelos regionebSi Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />

gamowera SegiZliaT ss `saqpresas~ filialebSi Semdeg misamarTebze:<br />

baTumi<br />

memed abaSiZis #33 (fostis Senoba)<br />

aWarpresa, 7 22 42;<br />

axalgori Tavisuflebis moedani #8, 4 26 78;<br />

adigeni Tamar mefis q. #12, 51 59 05; 877 97 90 20;<br />

abaSa Tavisuflebis moedani #56, 9 12 26; 877 97 90 13;<br />

ambrolauri m. kostavas q. #2, 2 15 16; 877 97 90 37;<br />

aspinZa rusTavelis q. #10, 9 10 26;<br />

axalqalaqi miqoianis q. #15, 51 59 05; 877 97 90 20;<br />

axalcixe dedaenis q. #3, 2 03 13; 877 97 90 16;<br />

axmeta leseliZis q. #3, 2 14 65; 877 97 90 17;<br />

bolnisi sulxan-saba orbelianis q. #50, 2 21 50;<br />

877 97 90 19;<br />

borjomi rusTavelis q. #103, 2 21 15; 877 97 90 28;<br />

baRdaTi vaJa fSavelas q. #2, 21 01; 877 97 90 18;<br />

gori stalinis gamziri #15, 2 21 41; 877 97 90 22;<br />

gardabani daviT aRmaSeneblis q. #74, 877 97 90 21;<br />

gurjaani Tavisuflebis q. #7, 2 08 57; 877 97 90 64;<br />

dmanisi wminda ninos q. #46, 2 10 61;<br />

dedofliswyaro rusTavelis q. #53, 2 29 76; 877 97 90 23;<br />

duSeTi stalinis q. #21, 2 16 02; 877 97 90 25;<br />

vani WavWavaZis q. #43, 2 15 72; 877 97 90 26;<br />

zestafoni daviT aRmaSeneblis q. #21, 5 28 53; 877 97 90 27;<br />

zugdidi rusTavelis q. #92, 2 29 11; 2 35 95; 877 97 90 03;<br />

Telavi m. kostavas q. #10, 3 12 31; 877 97 90 02;<br />

Terjola rusTavelis q. #63, 2 11 12; 877 97 90 71;<br />

TeTriwyaro Tamar dedoflis q. #20, 2 29 98; 877 97 90 32;<br />

TianeTi laSaris q. #5, 9 18 46; 877 97 90 33;<br />

kaspi saakaZis q. #1, 2 27 28; 877 97 90 34;<br />

lagodexi 26 maisis q. #6, 2 23 20<br />

lanCxuTi zaal mdinaraZis q. #1, 877 97 90 36;<br />

lentexi daba lentexi, 51 59 05; 877 97 90 20;<br />

martvili Tavisuflebis q. #12, 2 12 26; 877 97 90 38;<br />

marneuli rusTavelis q. #43, 877 97 90 62;<br />

mestia rusTavelis q. #1, 877 97 90 68;<br />

mcxeTa daviT aRmaSeneblis q. #64, 2 09; 877 97 90 39;<br />

ninowminda k. marqsis q. #22<br />

oni daviT aRmaSeneblis moedani #1, 877 97 90 41;<br />

ozurgeTi gogebaSvilis q. #2, 6 59 44; 877 97 90 42;<br />

rusTavi megobrobis gamziri #9, 12 01 55; 877 97 90 08;<br />

sagarejo daviT aRmaSeneblis q. #15, 4 36 92; 877 97 90 43;<br />

samtredia Tamar mefis q. #2, 2 20 52; 877 97 90 44.<br />

saCxere Tavisuflebis q. #5, 2 19 65; 877 97 90 69;<br />

siRnaRi cotne dadianis q. #2, 899 23 19 28;<br />

senaki rusTavelis q. # 253, 877 97 90 46;<br />

tyibuli k. gamsaxurdias q. #53, 2 35 30; 877 97 90 47;<br />

foTi wminda giorgis q. #16, 2 28 48; 877 97 90 48;<br />

quTaisi daviT aRmaSeneblis gamzxiri #24, 7 71 79;<br />

877 97 90 06;<br />

qareli mgalobliSvilis q. #5, 3 13 45; 899 76 69 81;<br />

yazbegi daba yazbegi, 5 20 12; 877 97 90 59;<br />

yvareli ilia WavWavaZis q. #150, 877 97 90 51;<br />

Coxatauri mSvidobis q. #5, 877 97 90 52;<br />

Cxorowyu kostavas q. #5, 2 15 10; 877 97 90 66;<br />

cageri rusTavelis q. #12, 25 12; 877 97 90 53;<br />

wyaltubo rusTavelis q. #6, 2 23 45; 877 97 90 55;<br />

walka leninis q. 68<br />

walenjixa Tbilisis q. #2, 20 62; 877 97 90 54;<br />

xoni gamarjvebis q. #2, 2 14 29; 877 97 90 58;<br />

xobi cotne dadianis q. #86, 22 24; 877 97 90 11;<br />

xaSuri rusTavelis q. #2, 4 20 98; 877 97 90 57;<br />

xaragauli solomon mefis q. #58, 2 12 88<br />

WiaTura ilia WavWavaZis q. #4 5 30 41; 877 97 90 56<br />

xelmoweris pirobebze da TqvenTvis saintereso sxva sakiTxebze detaluri informaciis miReba<br />

SegiZliaT zemoaRniSnul misamarTebze, miTiTebuli telefonebis saSualebiT.<br />

damatebiTi informaciisTvis mogvmarTeT:<br />

ss `saqpresa~<br />

q. Tbilisi, didgoris q. #2 a , xelmoweris samsaxuri: 51-59-05 an 51-60-04;<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri<br />

Tbilisi 0102, dimitri uznaZis 52, tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95 faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36 el. fosta: info@tpdc.ge<br />

www.tpdc.ge

edaqtorisgan<br />

Cveni mizania maswavleblis<br />

profesuli zrdis xelSewyoba N3, 2009 1<br />

informirebis, diskusiis<br />

waxalisebisa da gamocdilebis<br />

gaziarebis gziT. Jurnali xels<br />

uwyobs maswavleblis<br />

profesiis popularizacias.<br />

ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />

N3, 2009<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centris gamocema<br />

profesiuli Jurnali `maswavlebeli~<br />

gamodis or TveSi erTxel<br />

redkolegia:<br />

sofo gorgoZe<br />

paata sirbilaZe<br />

lela samniaSvili<br />

naTia nacvliSvili<br />

Tamar onofrienko<br />

mTavari redaqtori:<br />

xaTuna kveselava<br />

redaqtori: nato ingoroyva<br />

stilisti: irma taveliZe<br />

dizaini: besik danelia<br />

foto: gela bedianaSvili, naili veqili<br />

mxatvari: mamuka tyeSelaSvili<br />

Jurnalistebi:<br />

manana xidaSeli, Tamar kacitaZe,<br />

irma kaxuraSvili, bela CekuriSvili,<br />

eka qevaniSvili, Tea Tofuria,<br />

Sorena burdilaZe, nino koSaZe<br />

foto garekanze: malxaz maWavarianis<br />

JurnalSi gamoqveynebul publikaciebSi gamoTqmuli<br />

zogierTi mosazreba, SesaZloa, ar emTxveodes<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />

da `maswavleblis~ redkolegiis Sexedulebebs. calkeul<br />

statiaSi dasaxelebuli faqtebis utyuarobaze<br />

pasuxismgebelia statiis avtori.<br />

sakontaqto informacia:<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centri<br />

misamarTi: Tbilisi, 0102<br />

dimitri uznaZis 52<br />

tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95<br />

faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36<br />

el. fosta: info@tpdc.ge<br />

www.tpdc.ge<br />

ISSN 1987-6149 UDC 371.1<br />

m-374<br />

xaTuna kveselava<br />

mTavari redaqtori<br />

gamoiwereT profesiuli Jurnali<br />

ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />

darekeT:<br />

Sps `wignis samyaro~: 45 33 79<br />

ss. `macne~: 37 47 49, 22 64 58

2<br />

Sinaarsi<br />

statiebi<br />

skola da Tanamedroveoba<br />

7<br />

zaqro giunaSvili<br />

Tanamedrove teqnologiebi skolaSi<br />

ra mizniT da rogor gamoviyenoT<br />

Tanamedrove teqnologiebi swavlebis<br />

procesSi<br />

praqtika<br />

10<br />

14<br />

giorgi gaxelaZe<br />

socialuri unar-Cvevebis<br />

ganviTareba skolaSi<br />

xuTi nabiji eqpertTan erTad:<br />

rogor SevuwyoT xeli mozardebSi<br />

socialuri unarebis ganviTarebas<br />

mosazreba<br />

siko janaSia<br />

skola Tu repetitori<br />

ratom ar dadian ufrosklaselebi<br />

skolaSi _ moswavleTa daswrebis<br />

problemis analizisTvis<br />

39<br />

36<br />

interviu<br />

nato ingoroyva<br />

naira gelaSvili:<br />

Tu skola ar Seicvala<br />

skolisa da ojaxebis fiasko _ mwerlis<br />

saTqmeli maswavleblebisTvis<br />

novatorebi<br />

manana xidaSeli<br />

erTi gakveTili or enaze<br />

marneulis me-2 sajaro skolaSi<br />

bilingvuri swavlebis danergva daiwyes<br />

problema<br />

33<br />

Tamar kacitaZe, eka qevaniSvili<br />

danaSauli da sasjeli skolaSi<br />

unda daisajos Tu ara moswavle skolaSi<br />

ra SemTxvevaSi da ra formiT _<br />

fsiqologebis gamocdileba<br />

50<br />

pasuxebi Tqvens SekiTxvebze<br />

ucxouri enis maswavleblebis SekiTxvebs<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

centris eqspertebi pasuxoben

N3, 2009 3<br />

rubrikebi<br />

17<br />

21<br />

23<br />

45<br />

42<br />

46<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

ufrosklaselebis arCevani -<br />

repetitori Tu sajaro skola<br />

skolaSi daswrebis problemis mizezebsa<br />

da gadaWris gzebze diskusiis<br />

monawileebi msjeloben<br />

fotoreportaJi<br />

eqsperti<br />

judit elioti:<br />

mTavari problema - izolacia<br />

inglisuri enis maswavleblebi<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis emzadebian<br />

_ eqspertis Sefaseba<br />

konkursi<br />

gamarjvebulebi<br />

Jurnali `maswavlebeli~ werilebis<br />

konkursSi gamarjvebul pedagogebs<br />

ajildoebs<br />

problema<br />

irma kaxuraSvili<br />

eqimis mosvlamde<br />

ubeduri SemTxveva skolaSi _<br />

maswavlebels pirveladi samedicino<br />

daxmarebis aRmoCena unda SeeZlos<br />

reportaJi<br />

Tea Tofuria<br />

cxra mTas iqiT da aqve -<br />

rogor davgegmoT eqskursia<br />

`maswavlebeli~ eqskursiaze<br />

meaTeklaselebTan erTad midis _ eqspertebi<br />

eqskursiis ukeT dagegmvas gvirCeven<br />

gakveTili<br />

bela CekuriSvili<br />

iswavle siamovnebiT<br />

bumbuliani niRabi, abaJuri da saaTiwruwuna<br />

_ gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis<br />

gakveTilebi skolaSi<br />

48<br />

53<br />

55<br />

RKFCB<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

1. gakveTilis Tema: qimiuri elementebi<br />

_ epoqa da lavuazie<br />

2. praqtikuli savarjiSoebi socialuri<br />

unar-Cvevebis gasaviTareblad<br />

3. sasertifikacio gamocda ucxouri<br />

enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />

sagamocdo davalebebis nimuSebi<br />

25-32<br />

regioni<br />

nino koSaZewerili<br />

Telavi-biberaxi-Telavi<br />

Telaveli moswavleebi `Spraxdiplomis~<br />

gamocdisTvis emzadebian<br />

ganaTlebis istoria<br />

Tea Tofuria<br />

dRes, anu oTxi aTasi wlis win...<br />

unikalur Sumerulze firfitebze<br />

asaxuli istoriuli sinamdvilis<br />

Tanamedrove Strixebi<br />

resursebi<br />

bela CekuriSvili<br />

daiTvaleT varskvlavebi gakveTilze<br />

maswavleblebs gakveTilis Catareba<br />

namdvil planetariumSi SeuZliaT

4 mokled<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

vauCeruli dafinansebis programa<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdebamde maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centri pedagogebis profesiuli ganvi-<br />

Tarebis programebis vauCerul dafinansebas iwyebs. pirvel<br />

etapze trening-programebi im sagnebSi dafinansdeba,<br />

romlebSic sertificirebis procesi 2010 wels iwyeba. es<br />

programebia sabazo-saSualo safexuris qarTulis, maTematikisa<br />

da ucxouri enis maswavleblebisTvis.<br />

vauCeri pedagogs SesaZleblobas miscems, SearCios erTi<br />

an ramdenime akreditebuli saganmanaTleblo programa<br />

da etapobrivad, ufasod gaiaros mosamzadebeli kursi, sul<br />

4 kreditis odenobiT. mocemuli 4 kreditidan 2 gansaz-<br />

Rvrulia sagnobrivi da 2 _ profesiuli unar-Cvevebis<br />

programebis dasafinanseblad. maswavlebels SesaZlebloba<br />

eqneba, orive tipis programa gaiaros (jamSi 4 kreditis<br />

odenobiT).<br />

erTi vauCeri moicavs 2 kredits, anu maswavleblis saxelze<br />

gacemuli vauCeri iTvaliswinebs mis mier SerCeuli<br />

erTi sruli programis gavlas.<br />

programis ganxorcieleba 2009 wlis agvistodan daiwyeba.<br />

mpgc yvela sajaro skolas miawvdis akreditebuli trening-programebis<br />

anotaciebis pakets da instruqciebs,<br />

romlebic pedagogebs daexmareba Sesabamisi programebis<br />

SerCevasa da vauCeris miRebaSi. maswavleblTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis programebis dafinansebis vauCeri gaicema<br />

adgilobriv saganmanaTleblo resurs-centrebSi.<br />

damatebiTi informaciisTvis mimarTeT<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis vauCeruli<br />

dafinansebis programis koordinators, eka Jvanias<br />

tel: 95 99 81 el-fosta: ezhvania@tpdc.ge<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis vauCeruli dafinansebis<br />

programis farglebSi gansazRvrulia pedagogebisTvis farTo SesaZleblobebis<br />

uzrunvelyofa: isini akreditirebuli profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis programebs gaivlian, rac maT saSualebas miscems, aimaRlon<br />

profesiuli codnis done da ukeT moemzadon sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdebisaTvis~.<br />

eka Jvania<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris vauCeruli<br />

dafinansebis programis<br />

,,<br />

koordinatori<br />

`pestaloci~ _ evropul seminarebSi monawileobis SesaZlebloba<br />

programa `pestaloci~ ganaTlebis sferos profesionalebis<br />

treningebis programaa, romelsac evrosabWo evropis<br />

kulturis konvenciis farglebSi 1961 wlidan<br />

axorcielebs. maswavleblebi da ganaTlebis sferos warmomadgenlebi<br />

am programis farglebSi saerTaSoriso<br />

seminarebSi monawileoben. maT saganmanaTleblo iniciativebSi<br />

evrosabWos gamocdilebis gacnobis, aseve kolegebTan<br />

informaciis, masalebisa da inovaciuri praqtikis<br />

gaziarebis SesaZlebloba eqnebaT.<br />

evropis sabWos wevr qveynebSi organizebuli seminarebi<br />

msoflios masStabiT aqtualuri Tematikis ganxilvas<br />

eTmoba: ganaTlebis roli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis formirebaSi<br />

da adamianis uflebebi; interkulturuli dialogi<br />

da konfliqtebis gadawyveta; genderuli Tanasworoba<br />

demokratiuli saxelmwifos pirobebSi; sapasuxo<br />

nabijebi yoveldRiuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg demokratiul<br />

sazogadoebaSi.<br />

yovelwliurad evropis sxvadasxva qveynaSi Catarebul<br />

seminarebSi 2000-mde maswavlebeli monawileobs. seminar-<br />

Si monawileobisa da mgzavrobis xarjebi anazRaurdeba<br />

programis farglebSi.<br />

2009 wlis bolomde dagemili seminarebia:<br />

slovakeTi _ From crimes against humanity in European history towards<br />

European idea;<br />

rumineTi _ Créer un climat scolaire pour une citoyenneté démocratique<br />

active;<br />

fineTi _ Right to Quality Education in Vocational Education and<br />

Training;<br />

rumineTi _ Inclusive classrooms: a whole school and classroom approach;<br />

kviprosi _ Promoting gender equality in schools: the role of school<br />

headteachers.<br />

dagegmili seminarebisa da ganacxadis formebis Sesaxeb<br />

informaciis misaRebad estumreT `pestalocis~<br />

veb-gverds: http://www.coe.int/Training an daukavSirdiT<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrs:<br />

tel: 95 99 81; el-fosta: ezhvania@tpdc.ge,<br />

sakontaqto piri: eka Jvania

N3, 2009 5<br />

wignis megobrebi<br />

dRes, informaciuli teqnologiebis epoqaSi, mniSvnelovania, rom bavSvebi<br />

wignTan davaaxlovoT da davamegobroT. am proeqtis saSualebiT safuZveli eyreba<br />

axalgazrdebSi kiTxvisadmi siyvarulis gaRvivebas. wignebis kiTxva bavSvebs<br />

uviTarebs warmosaxvisa da azrovnebis unars, rasac naklebad sTavazobs maT<br />

multimediuri sainformacio saSualebebi. XXI saukunis adamians yoveldRiur<br />

saqmianobaSi uamravi informaciis miReba da analizi uxdeba. misi warmatebisTvis<br />

ki aucilebelia am informaciis swrafad aRqmisa da gaanalizebis unari~.<br />

sofo kvernaZe<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,<br />

proeqt `wignis megobrebis~ koordinatori<br />

,,<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrma, mozardebSi<br />

wignierebis donis amaRlebis mizniT, proeqt<br />

`wignis megobrebis~ ganxorcieleba daiwyo.<br />

proeqtis farglebSi, moxalise studentebi da ufrosklaselebi<br />

dawyebiTi klasis moswavleebs erTi saaTis<br />

ganmavlobaSi mpgc-is mier SerCeul qarTul da ucxour<br />

sabavSvo literaturas ukiTxaven, Semdeg ki bavSvebTan<br />

erTad msjeloben wakiTxul nawarmoebze. moxaliseebi<br />

saintereso da saxaliso garemos uqmnian patarebs, raTa<br />

yvela monawile maqsimalurad CaerTos ganxilvis procesSi.<br />

bavSvebi eCvevian diskusias, xataven sayvareli<br />

nawarmoebis gmirebs, asuraTeben epizodebs, rac warmosaxvis<br />

unaris ganviTarebas uwyobs xels.<br />

moxalise studentebisa da ufrosklaselebis SerCeva<br />

konkursis gziT moxda. sapilote proeqtSi, pirvel etapze,<br />

Tbilisis oTxi<br />

sajaro skola<br />

monawileobs: 165-e,<br />

56-e, 54-e da 49-e.<br />

proeqtis dasrulebis<br />

Semdeg mpgc<br />

moxaliseebs sertifikatebs<br />

gadascems,<br />

momavali<br />

saswavlo wlidan<br />

ki ufro masStaburi<br />

proeqtis ganxorcielebas<br />

gegmavs<br />

sxva skolebSi,<br />

romlebic proeqt<br />

`wignis megobreb-<br />

Si~ monawileobis survils gamoTqvamen.<br />

metyvelebis unaris ganviTareba ucxouri enis swavlebisas _<br />

maswavleblebisTvis seminarebi tardeba<br />

inglisuri da germanuli enebis maswavleblebisTvis konfliqtis<br />

zonebidan maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

centris iniciativiT da goeTes institutis mxardaWeriT<br />

Catarda seminari Temaze: `metyvelebis unar-Cvevebis<br />

ganviTareba ucxouri enis gakveTilze~.<br />

saqarTveloSi, sajaro skolebSi ucxouri enis swavlebisas,<br />

rogorc wesi, metyvelebas, sxva enobriv unarebTan<br />

SedarebiT naklebi<br />

yuradReba eTmoba.<br />

tradiciuli meTodebiT<br />

swavlebisas<br />

moswavleebi axerxeben<br />

weris, kiTxvisa<br />

da, nawilobriv, mosmenis<br />

unarebSi uke-<br />

Tesi Sedegis miRwevas,<br />

Tumca rTuldeba<br />

sasaubro unar-<br />

Cvevebis ganviTareba,<br />

rac ko-munikaciis<br />

erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi aspeqtia. eqspertebi amboben,<br />

rom ucxo enis Seswavlis procesSi metyvelebis<br />

unaris ganviTarebis xelSesawyobad aucilebelia meTodur-aRmzrdelobiTi<br />

koncefcia, romlis mixedviTac maswavlebelma<br />

swavlis procesi unda warmarTos.<br />

enis swavlebis am Tanamedrove meTodebis gacnobas isaxavda<br />

miznad seminari, romelsac ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />

saministros inglisuri enis jgufis eqsperti judit<br />

elioti da goeTes institutis warmomadgenlebi Sorena<br />

kvanWiani da zurab bolqvaZe uZRvebodnen.<br />

darejan faniaSvili, goris me-5 sajaro skolis maswavlebeli: `siamovnebiT<br />

miviRebdi am tipis semianrebSi monawileobas. sasargeblo<br />

rCevebi miviReT da gavecaniT savarjiSoebis formebs<br />

da maTi gamoyenebis meTodikas, rac moswavleebSi ucxo enaze<br />

metyvelebis unaris ganviTarebaSi dagvexmareba~.<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris direqtorma<br />

sofo gorgoZem seminaris monawileebTan Sexvedraze<br />

ganacxada, rom msgavsi RonisZiebebi ucxouri enis<br />

maswavleblebisTvis momavalSic Catardeba.

6 siaxle<br />

ganmartebebi sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis<br />

maTTvis, vinc ucxour enaSi gamocdis Casabareblad emzadeba<br />

2010 wels ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis sasertifikacio<br />

gamocda Catardeba. rogor movemzadoT<br />

ra saxis davalebebis Sesruleba mouwevT maswavleblebs da ra<br />

moTxovnebs wauyenebs maT sagamocdo komisia _ `maswavlebelma~ am<br />

sakiTxebis ganmarteba gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxouri enebis<br />

jgufis xelmZRvanels, iva mindaZes sTxova.<br />

iva mindaZe, gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxouri enebis jgufis<br />

xelmZRvaneli: `ucxouri enis sagamocdo testi ori nawilisgan<br />

Sedgeba: pirveli nawili enobriv codnas amowmebs,<br />

meore ki meTodur sakiTxebs moicavs. maswavleblis<br />

enobrivi codnis Sesamowmebeli done Seesabameba<br />

ucxouri enebis swavla, swavlebisa da Sefasebis saer-<br />

To evropul sarekomendacio CarCos B2 dones.<br />

enobrivi codna im tipiuri davalebebiT Semowmdeba,<br />

romlebic enobriv testebSi xSirad gvxvdeba, magali-<br />

Tad kiTxvis unaris Sesamowmeblad. testSi Sesulia<br />

weriTi davalebac, pedagogs mouwevs mocemul Temaze<br />

argumentirebuli teqstis dawera. gamocda aseve moicavs<br />

smeniT davalebasac _ maswavleblebi moismenen<br />

teqsts, Semdeg ki mis irgvliv dasmul SekiTxvebs upasuxeben.<br />

enobriv nawilSi aseve SevitaneT davaleba,<br />

romelic teqstSi daSvebuli Secdomebis gasworebas<br />

gulisxmobs. siaxle isaa, rom swori versiis garda pedagogma<br />

Secdomis tipic unda miuTiTos _ mas unda SeeZlos<br />

Secdomis identifikacia, imis gansazRvrac, Tu<br />

raSi mdgomareobs moswavlis problema, romel sakiTxebze<br />

sWirdeba mas damatebiTi muSaoba. Secdomebis ZiriTadi<br />

tipebi, TandarTuli ganmartebebiT, testSive<br />

iqneba mocemuli.<br />

siaxlea smeniTi davalebac. teqstis mosmena da dasmul<br />

SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema maswavleblebs uWirT. amis<br />

mizezi saqarTveloSi audio-teqstebze muSaobis praqtikis<br />

naklebobaa. adre saswavlo procesSi, rogorc<br />

wesi, saxelmZRvaneloebi diskebiTa da kasetebiT ar gamoiyeneboda.<br />

bevr maswavlebels dRemde ara aqvs enis<br />

matareblebTan kontaqtis saSualeba, xolo ucxo enaze<br />

radio da satelevizio gadacemebi bevrisTvis dRemde<br />

miuwvdomelia.<br />

gamocda aseve moicavs ramdenime saxis davalebas me-<br />

Todur nawilSi. maT Sorisaa: Sefasebis saxeebi da miznebi,<br />

gakveTilis marTva, maswavleblis davaleba da<br />

swavlebis mizani. davalebebi rTuli ar aris, pedagogiuri<br />

gamocdilebac xels Seuwyobs maswavlebels<br />

swori pasuxis moZebnaSi. vcdilobT, meTodur nawilSi<br />

Sesuli sakiTxebi maqsimalurad calsaxa iyos, Tumca<br />

SegxvdebaT iseTi davalebebic, sadac ramdenime swori<br />

pasuxia SesaZlebeli. maswavleblisgan ar viTxovT swavlebis<br />

ama Tu im meTodis safuZvlian codnas. viTvaliswinebT,<br />

rom uamravi meTodi da urTierTgamomricxvi<br />

midgoma arsebobs, codnis gasaRrmaveblad saWiro<br />

literatura da internet-resursebi ki maswavleblebisTvis<br />

xelmisawvdomi ar aris~.<br />

davalebebis raodenobasa da sagamocdo drois xangrZlivobaze<br />

gamocdebis erovnul centrSi jer kidev msjeloben.<br />

oqtomberSi maswavleblebi sainformacio bukletsac<br />

gaecnobian, romelSic warmodgenili iqneba testis<br />

formati da TiToeuli davalebis detaluri aRweriloba.<br />

sanimuSo tests Tan erTvis swori pasuxebi, Sefasebis<br />

sqemebi da ganmartebebi. jer ar dazustebula<br />

gamsvleli qula, Tumca centrSi amboben, rom sertifikatis<br />

misaRebad maswavleblebma, savaraudod, SekiTxvebis<br />

60%-s mainc unda upasuxon sworad. sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdaze pirvelive wels gasul pedagogebs upiratesoba<br />

eqnebaT _ 2010 wels metyvelebis unari ar Semowmdeba.<br />

iva mindaZis informaciiT ki, momvalSi sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdas metyvelebis nawilic daemateba.<br />

`dasamali araa, rom zog maswavlebels uWirs ucxo enaze<br />

metyveleba. ukansknel dros ki mniSvnelovnad Seicvala<br />

swavlebis miznebi, aqcentma komunikaciuri unarebis<br />

swavlebaze gadainacvla. bunebrivia, rom aseT vi-<br />

TarebaSi maswavlebels metyvelebis swavlebac moeTxoveba~,<br />

_ ganmartavs iva mindaZe.<br />

Secdomebis gasworebis da meToduri davalebebis<br />

nimuSebi ixileT praqtikul danarTSi `klasi~,<br />

gv. 27-29<br />

gamocdebis erovnul centrSi gamocdasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT maswavleblebisgan winadadebebs<br />

elian. gagviziareT Tqveni mosazreba da miiReT<br />

pasuxebi Tqvens SekiTxvebze.<br />

dagvikavSirdiT: gamocdebis erovnuli centri<br />

iv. javaxiSvilis q.#60 Tbilisi 0102, saqarTvelo<br />

el. fosta: pr@naec.ge, tel: 43 92 12

skola da Tanamedroveoba<br />

N3, 2009 7<br />

Tanamedrove teqnologiebi<br />

skolaSi<br />

Tanamedrove ganaTlebis sferoSi swavla-swavleba<br />

ganixileba rogorc procesi, romlis drosac ubralod<br />

codnis gadacema ki ar xdeba, aramed codna konstruirdeba<br />

Tavad moswavlis mier socialuri garemos xelSewyobiT.<br />

rogor gamoviyenoT Tanamedrove teqnologiebi swavlis<br />

Sedegis gasaumjobeseblad _ XXI saukunis skola, axali<br />

ideebi da resursebi maswavleblisTvis.<br />

zaqro giunaSvili<br />

swavla aris gaazrebuli kompetenciebis<br />

Camoyalibeba realistur<br />

konteqstSi. gansakuTrebiT<br />

mniSvnelovania, es gamocdileba<br />

moswavlis interesebs Tanxvdebodes<br />

da xels uwyobdes aqtiur<br />

swavlas. aqedan gamomdinare,<br />

saswavlo procesSi fokusi gadatanili<br />

unda iyos iseTi garemos<br />

Seqmnaze, romelic codnis konstruirebas<br />

daexmareba. amgvar<br />

garemoSi moswavles unda mieces<br />

stimuli, damoukideblad ipovos<br />

problemis gadaWris gzebi kvlevisa<br />

da eqperimentis saSualebiT.<br />

igi unda waxalisdes, raTa dasvas<br />

SekiTxvebi, Seiswavlos da erTmaneTTan<br />

daakavSiros sxvadasxva<br />

obieqti an erTi da imave obieqtis<br />

sxvadasxvagvari warmodgena,<br />

muSaobis procesSi Camoayalibos<br />

da warmoadginos argumentebi.<br />

codnis konstruirebisTvis xel-<br />

Semwyobi saswavlo garemos erTerTi<br />

mniSvnelovani komponentia<br />

informaciuli da sakomunikacio<br />

teqnologiebi (ist). garda imisa,<br />

rom ist-i xels uwyobs moswavlis<br />

motivaciis amaRlebas, igi saSualebas<br />

iZleva, saswavlo procesi<br />

droSic da sivrceSic gascdes<br />

saklaso oTaxis farglebs da<br />

gaxdes maqsimalurad Ria. sakomunikacio<br />

teqnologiebis daxmarebiT<br />

moswavles da maswavlebels<br />

SeuZliaT moipovon realuri<br />

monacemebi, romlebic saWiroa<br />

am Tu im problemis gadasaWrelad<br />

da saswavlo procesSi Car-<br />

Ton is pirovnebebi, romlebsac<br />

uSualo kavSiri ar aqvT mimdinare<br />

saswavlo aqtivobasTan (magaliTad,<br />

kolegebi sxva skolebidan,<br />

samecniero wreebis warmomadgenlebi<br />

da isini, vinc analogiur<br />

problemebze muSaoben).<br />

codnis konstruirebis dros mniSnelovania,<br />

rom axali cnebis,<br />

obieqtis Tu proceduris Semotana<br />

da aTviseba moxdes realistur<br />

konteqstSi. es ki arc ise<br />

martivia. realuri viTarebis<br />

gadmotana saklaso garemoSi<br />

yovelTvis ar aris SesaZlebeli.<br />

amis magaliTia TvalsaCinoebebis<br />

da laboratoriuli cdebis gamoyeneba<br />

saswavlo procesSi. garda<br />

imisa, rom es yovelive materia-<br />

ist-i xels uwyobs<br />

moswavlis motivaciis<br />

amaRlebas,<br />

igi saSualebas<br />

iZleva, saswavlo<br />

procesi droSic<br />

da sivrceSic<br />

gascdes saklaso<br />

oTaxis farglebs<br />

da gaxdes<br />

,,<br />

maqsimalurad<br />

Ria.<br />

,,

8<br />

lur resursebs moiTxovs, aseTi<br />

saSualebebis daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia<br />

mxolod Zalian SezRuduli<br />

raodenobis da mcire masStabis<br />

mqone movlenebis realizacia.<br />

swored am problemis<br />

gadaWras emsaxureba simulaciis<br />

tipis saganmanaTleblo kompiuteruli<br />

programebi. simulaciis<br />

tipis programuli uzrunvelyofa<br />

realuri movlenebis imitacias<br />

axdens. igi saSualebas aZlevs<br />

momxmarebels, Seiswavlos movlena<br />

masze realur viTarebaSi<br />

dakvirvebis gareSe. ufro metic,<br />

dakvirvebis procesi SesaZlebelia<br />

imdenjer ganmeordes, ramdenjerac<br />

aucilebeli iqneba. es gansakuTrebiT<br />

mniSvnelovania iseT<br />

sferoebSi, romlebSic realuri<br />

eqsperimentis Catareba da misi<br />

mravaljeradi gameoreba rTulia<br />

da zogjer SeuZlebelic ki (magaliTad,<br />

ekonomikaSi, socialur<br />

mecnierebebSi, biologiaSi). TviT<br />

fizikasa da qimiaSic amgvari<br />

programuli uzrunvelyofis<br />

gamoyeneba Tavidan agvacilebs<br />

ZviradRirebuli mowyobilobebisa<br />

da masalis SeZenas. vizualuri<br />

dakvirvebis gamartivebis<br />

garda, simulaciur programul<br />

uzrunvelyofas is upiretesobac<br />

aqvs, rom misi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia<br />

raodenobrivi parametrebis<br />

aRnusxva da maTi gamoyeneba<br />

movlenis ukeT Sesaswavlad.<br />

meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis SegviZlia<br />

CamovTvaloT is upiratesobebi,<br />

romlebic simulaciis tipis<br />

kompiuteruli programebis saswavlo<br />

procesSi gamoyenebas aqvs:<br />

movlenis Seswavla realur<br />

viTarebaSi dakvirvebis gareSe;<br />

gameorebadoba: SesaZlebelia<br />

movlenis simulacia/ gameoreba<br />

SeuzRudavad;<br />

parametrebis cvlilebis<br />

saSualeba: SesaZlebelia<br />

parametrebis iseTi cvlileba,<br />

rac realobaSi xSirad Zalian<br />

rTuli an SeuZlebelia, magaliTad:<br />

temperaturis Semcireba<br />

an gazrda qimiuri cdebis<br />

simulaciis dros; droSi<br />

mogzauroba istoriuli movlenebis<br />

simulaciis dros;<br />

sinaTlis siCqaresTan miaxloebuli<br />

siCqaris ganviTareba<br />

fizikuri movlenebis simulaciis<br />

dros;<br />

monacemebis aRnusxva: realuri<br />

movlenis an laboratoriuli<br />

cdis Catarebisas monacemebis<br />

aRnusxva moiTxovs specialur<br />

saSualebebs da sakmaod Sromatevadia.<br />

es ki Zalian gaadvilebulia<br />

kompiuteruli simulaciebis<br />

gamoyenebis<br />

dros;<br />

usafrTxoeba: laboratoriuli<br />

cdebi da realur movlenebze<br />

dakvirveba zogjer<br />

garkveul risks<br />

ukavSirdeba,<br />

magaliTad: qimiuri<br />

cdebis<br />

Catareba sxvadasxva<br />

mJavis<br />

gamoyenebiT,<br />

fizikuri<br />

cdebis Catareba<br />

eleqtruli<br />

wredebis<br />

gamoyenebiT.<br />

CamoTvlili<br />

upiratesobebis<br />

miuxedavad,<br />

SevniSnavT, rom<br />

amgvar programul<br />

uzrunvelyofas<br />

mxolod damxmare<br />

daniSnuleba aqvs<br />

da igi mTlianad<br />

ver Secvlis realur eqsperimentsa<br />

Tu realur movlenaze<br />

dakvirvebas. es ukanaskneli<br />

Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />

moswavlis kvleviTi unar-<br />

Cvevebis ganviTarebisTvis.<br />

is, Tu rogor iyenebs moswavle<br />

saswavlo procesSi ist-instrumentebs,<br />

iseve mniSvnelovania,<br />

rogorc TviT es instrumentebi.<br />

isini yvelaze efeqturia maSin,<br />

rodesac integrirebulia moswavlis<br />

mier sakuTari codnis<br />

konstruirebasTan dakavSirebul<br />

aqtivobasTan. amasTan, codnis<br />

konstruirebis procesi ar unda

N3, 2009 9<br />

Seferxdes moswavlis (iseve,<br />

rogorc maswavleblis) arasakmarisi<br />

kompetenciis gamo. mas unda<br />

SeeZlos ara mxolod pedagogis<br />

mier miTiTebuli ist-saSualebis<br />

gamoyeneba, aramed amocanis<br />

Sesaferisi instrumentis damoukideblad<br />

SerCevac. moswavlem<br />

unda gansazRvros, saWiroa istsaSualebis<br />

gamoyeneba Tu problemis<br />

gadaWra ufro advilia<br />

kompiuteris gareSe (magaliTad,<br />

ubralod furcliT da fanqriT).<br />

informaciuli da sakomunikacio<br />

teqnologiebis gamoyenebis kompetenciebi<br />

SeiZleba daiyos sam<br />

doned:<br />

1. samomxmareblo kompiuteruli<br />

programebis codna im doneze,<br />

rom moswavles SeeZlos miTi-<br />

Tebuli instrumentis gamoyeneba<br />

masalis dasamuSaveblad,<br />

magaliTad: teqstis Setana da<br />

Senaxva, suraTis Casma dokumentSi,<br />

ricxviTi monacemebis<br />

Setana da martivi gamoTvlebis<br />

Catareba winaswar<br />

miTiTebuli sqemis mixedviT;<br />

2. miTiTebuli instrumentis<br />

saSualebiT martivi modelis<br />

damoukideblad Seqmnis unari,<br />

magaliTad: grafikiT gamdidrebuli<br />

teqsturi masalis<br />

Seqmnisas dizainis damoukideblad<br />

mofiqreba da realizacia;<br />

monacemebis organizebis<br />

Sesaferisi formis mofiqreba<br />

da realizacia miTiTebuli<br />

instrumentebis gamoyenebiT<br />

(magaliTad: cxrilis,<br />

diagramis, grafikis Sedgena);<br />

3. problemis gadaWrisas Sesaferisi<br />

ist-saSualebis damoukideblad<br />

SerCeva da gamoyeneba,<br />

programuli uzrunvelyofis<br />

mocemuli amocanisadmi<br />

adekvaturobis gansazRvra,<br />

magaliTad: imis gansazRvra,<br />

Tu monacemebis Senaxvis da<br />

damuSavebis dros romeli<br />

ukeTesia _ ubralo eleqtronuli<br />

cxrili Tu monacemTa<br />

baza; grafikuli masalis damu-<br />

Savebis dros romeli grafikuli<br />

redaqtoris gamoyeneba<br />

sjobs, an saerTod saWiroa<br />

Tu ara mocemul SemTxvevaSi<br />

grafikuli masalis gamoyeneba;<br />

prezentaciis Seqmnisas ra<br />

doziTaa ukeTesi vizualuri<br />

efeqtebis gamoyeneba, ise, rom<br />

aman ar moaxdinos ZiriTadi sakiTxidan<br />

yuradRebis gadatana.<br />

instrumentis gamoyenebam moswavles<br />

dafiqrebisa da gaazrebisaken<br />

unda ubiZgos. aRniSnulma<br />

aqtivobam mas swavlis ganwyoba<br />

unda Seuqmnas: ra SeuZlia aRmoaCinos<br />

ra kavSirebs xedavs<br />

ra daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba<br />

rogor SeiZleba axali aRmoCenis<br />

axsna instrumentis gamoyeneba<br />

unda ukavSirdebodes da efuZnebodes<br />

moswavlis codnasa da<br />

unarebs: ist-saSualebebis gamoyenebis<br />

sawyis etapze moswavlem<br />

misi saSualebiT unda moaxdinos<br />

imis realizacia, rac ukve icis.<br />

instrumentis daxmarebiT unda<br />

moxdes realur viTarebasTan<br />

kavSiris warmoCena da gaazreba.<br />

is xels unda uwyobdes TanamSromlobiTi<br />

saxis aqtivobebis<br />

organizebas da rac metad<br />

mniSvnelovania, istsaSualebebis<br />

gamoyenebisas moswavles<br />

unda mieces, rac SeiZleba,<br />

cota miTiTeba: sasurvelia,<br />

igi aRmoCenis gziT daeuflos<br />

ist-saSualebis funqcionaluri<br />

elementebis gamoyenebas. es xels<br />

uwyobs aqtiur azrovnebas, aRmo-<br />

Cenis unaris Camoyalibebas da<br />

amasTanave, ist-kompetenciebis<br />

ganviTarebas.<br />

saswavlo procesis kidev erTi<br />

mniSvnelovani sfero, romelSic<br />

SesaZlebelia informaciuli da<br />

sakomunikacio teqnologiebis<br />

efeqturi gamoyeneba, aris Sefaseba.<br />

Sefasebis procesis avtomatizacia<br />

moicavs moswavlis Sefasebas<br />

standartuli testuri davalebebis<br />

gamoyenebiT. amgvari davalebebis<br />

Seqmna SesaZlebelia<br />

rogorc gavrcelebuli saofise<br />

programebis daxmarebiT, aseve<br />

specialuri testuri davalebebis<br />

Sesaqmneli kompiuteruli<br />

programebis gamoyenebiT. isini<br />

saSualebas iZleva, Seiqmnas monacemTa<br />

baza, romelSic testuri<br />

davalebebi struqturizebuli<br />

saxiT inaxeba. bevri programuli<br />

uzrunvelyofa aseve iZleva<br />

Sefasebis Sedegebis analizis<br />

saSualebas, rac Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />

ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis<br />

dros. analizis Sedegebis<br />

safuZvelze maswavlebels<br />

SeuZlia<br />

moaxdinos<br />

pedagogiuri<br />

strategiis<br />

koreqcia<br />

moswavlis<br />

Zlieri da<br />

susti<br />

mxareebis<br />

mixedviT.

10 praqtika<br />

socialuri unar-Cvevebis<br />

ganviTareba skolaSi<br />

xuTi nabiji giorgi gaxelaZesTan erTad<br />

_ rogor SevuwyoT xeli mozardebSi socialuri<br />

unarebis ganviTarebas<br />

gamarjoba, Zvirfaso kolega! Tu survili da cotaodeni<br />

dro gaqvT am werilis wasakiTxad, vecdebi, molodini<br />

gagimarTloT. imedi maqvs, sasargeblo codnagamocdilebas<br />

gagiziarebT. samwuxarod, Tqvens<br />

mosazrebebsa Tu daskvnebs axlave ver Sevityob,<br />

Jurnalis meSveobiT saubris Taviseburebis gamo. magram,<br />

Tu gamoxmaurebas gadawyvetT, `maswavleblis~<br />

redaqciamde mosul Tqvens nebismier SeniSvnas,<br />

winadadebasa Tu aRweril gamocdilebas didi<br />

sixaruliTa da yuradRebiT gavecnobi.<br />

giorgi gaxelaZe<br />

Tanamedrove pedagogiur<br />

mecniereba-<br />

Si gamoiyofa unar-<br />

CvevaTa nakrebi,<br />

romelic uzrunvelyofs<br />

adamianis mSvidobian<br />

Tanaarsebobas<br />

sxva adamianeb-<br />

Tan _ sazogadoebrivi<br />

(anu socialuri)<br />

,,<br />

unar-Cvevebi.<br />

,,<br />

bavSvis sazogadoebrivi unar-<br />

Cvevebis gansaviTarebeli pedagogiuri<br />

xerxebis ganxilvamde,<br />

gTavazobT SeTanxmebas maT<br />

safuZvlebze.<br />

adamianis buneba<br />

da sazogadoeba<br />

cocxal arsebaTa samyaroSi mravladaa<br />

Tanaarsebobis magaliTebi.<br />

cxovelebi, Tevzebi Tu mwerebi<br />

sxvadasxvagvar jgufebad, gundebad<br />

cxovroben. ra aris amis<br />

mizezi Tanaarseboba zrdis<br />

maTi gadarCenis Sanss. jgufurad<br />

bevrad ukeTesad nadiroben<br />

da ukeT arian daculni mtaceblebisgan.<br />

es sargebloba rom<br />

ara, isini albaT cal-calke<br />

iarsebebdnen.<br />

adamianebic gansakuTrebuli sa-<br />

Wiroebis gamo Tanaarseboben.<br />

amaSi igulisxmeba, erTi mxriv,<br />

iseTi ZiriTadi moTxovnilebebi,<br />

rogoricaa sakvebis, wylis, Tav-<br />

Sesafaris mopoveba da fizikuri<br />

saSiSroebisgan Tavdacva, meore<br />

mxriv _ rogorc moazrovne arsebebs<br />

SeeferebaT – isini saerTo<br />

Rirebulebebs iziareben da usafrTxo<br />

socialur garemos moiTxoven.<br />

Cven SegviZlia viyoT Tavisufali<br />

_ winaswar ganvsazRvroT sakuTari<br />

qmedebis Sedegi da ise miviRoT<br />

gadawyvetileba. es gangvasxvavebs<br />

cxovelebisgan, romlebic mxolod<br />

instinqts emorCilebian.<br />

Cveni qceva, WeSmaritisa da mcdaris<br />

garCeva, adamianebTan urTierTobis<br />

xasiaTi Zalian xSirad<br />

im sazogadoebrivi jgufiT ganisazRvreba,<br />

romelsac mivekuTvnebiT.<br />

amerikeli fsiqologis, abraham<br />

maslous adamianis motivaciis<br />

Teoria da mis mier Camoyalibebuli<br />

moTxovnilebaTa piramida<br />

yoveli TqvenganisTvis kargad<br />

aris cnobili:

N3, 2009 11<br />

TviTrealizaciis<br />

moTxovnileba<br />

pativiscemis<br />

moTxovnileba<br />

damoukidebeli cxovrebisTvis<br />

mizanmimarTulad da erToblivi<br />

ZalisxmeviT momzadebis adgili.<br />

Tu warmodgenil debulebebs<br />

iziarebT da jer ar<br />

daRlilxarT, modi, nabijnabij<br />

gavagrZeloT!<br />

socialuri<br />

moTxovnilebebi<br />

usafrTxoebis<br />

moTxovilebebi<br />

fiziologiuri<br />

moTxovnilebebi<br />

Tandayolili Tu SeZenili<br />

SesaZleblobebi<br />

adamianis bunebas misi moTxovnilebebi,<br />

miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi<br />

gansazRvravs. SesaZleblobebi<br />

mrvalnairia _ zogierTi<br />

Tavad adamianisgan momdinareobs,<br />

zogierTi ki _ bunebrivi Tu<br />

sazogadoebrivi garemosgan.<br />

motivacia adamianis moqmedebis,<br />

saqcielis gamomwvev mizezTa<br />

nakrebia. Tu SevTanxmdebiT, rom<br />

qcevis mravalferovan mizezebs<br />

Soris umTavresi da wamyvani adamianis<br />

moTxovnilebebia, maSin<br />

advilad avxsniT maslous piramidis<br />

arss. umravlesoba upiratesobas<br />

aniWebs piramidis fuZes-<br />

Tan axlomdebare moTxovnilebebis<br />

met-naklebad dakmayofilebas,<br />

magram rogorc ki romelime<br />

`sarTuli~ met-naklebad pasuxobs<br />

adamianis moTxovnebs, es ukanaskneli<br />

ufro maRali `sarTulis~<br />

aTvisebisken iswrafvis.<br />

nebismieri adamiani sicocxlis<br />

ganmavlobaSi ukavSirdeba rogorc<br />

xangrZlivi, ise mokle drois<br />

ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibebul<br />

adamianTa erTobebs _ sazogadoebebs.<br />

am erTobebs msgavsebisa<br />

Tu gansxvavebis mravalferovani<br />

niSnebi da erTmaneTTan sxvadasxvagvari<br />

kavSiri aqvs. magaliTad:<br />

vaJebi erTi ojaxidan da erTmaneTis<br />

megobari gogonebi am va-<br />

Jebis samezobloSi; an TanaklaselTa<br />

dedebi da amave Tanaklaselebis<br />

da-Zmebi; an erTi soflis<br />

yvela mkvidri da iq stumrad<br />

Casuli mogzauri ucxoeli<br />

axalgazrdebi da a.S. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT<br />

Tanamedrove samyaroSi<br />

urTierTobis mzard SesaZleblobebs,<br />

Cndeba am SesaZleblobebisa<br />

da xsenebuli moTxovnilebebis<br />

swrafad da nayofierad<br />

daaxloebis sakiTxi. kerZod,<br />

rogor unda moxerxdes adreuli<br />

asakidanve adamianis imgvarad<br />

ganviTareba, rom mas gauadvildes<br />

sakuTari miswrafebebis ganxorcieleba<br />

misTvis Zvirfas Tu<br />

saintereso sazogadoebaSi (ojax-<br />

Si, TanatolebSi, megobrebSi, skolaSi,<br />

mezoblebSi, dasaxlebaSi,<br />

samsaxurSi, qveyanaSi, kolegebSi<br />

da a.S)<br />

am Zalian aqtualur kiTxvaze pasuxis<br />

gasacemad skolas mivmar-<br />

ToT. swored skolaa adamianis<br />

unari aris adamianis is Tandayolili<br />

Sinagani (fizikuri da fsiqikuri)<br />

SesaZlebloba, potenciali,<br />

romelic adamians dabadebidan<br />

aqvs. is mxolod SesaZleblobis,<br />

potenciis saxiTaa mocemuli.<br />

unaris Semdgomi ganviTareba<br />

ki damokidebulia imaze,<br />

Tu ramdenad Seiqmneba misi<br />

ganviTarebisaTvis xelsayreli<br />

garemo (mag. Sesabamisi wvrTna,<br />

cxovrebis pirobebi da moTxovnebi,<br />

da sxva).<br />

Cvevas uwodeben varjiSis Sedegad<br />

SeZenil, met-naklebad avtomatizebul<br />

moqmedebas. misi SeZena<br />

garkveuli varjiSis, e.i. mizandasaxuli<br />

gameorebis Sedegad<br />

SeiZleba... Cvevas adamiani iZens.<br />

vswavlobT Tu gveZleva<br />

Tu adamiani saTanado moqmedebas<br />

asrulebs _ Tandayolili unaridan<br />

mas garkveuli unar-Cveva<br />

ganuviTardeba, xolo Tu Sesabamisi<br />

pirobebi ar eqneba, ar is-

12<br />

wavlis, ar imuSavebs saWiro<br />

mimarTulebiT, maSin mas es<br />

unar-Cveva aRar ganuviTardeba.<br />

dimitri uznaZe unar-Cvevas uwodebs<br />

niWs. ganasxvaveben Semdeg<br />

unar-Cvevebs: akademiuri (kiTxva,<br />

wera, kritikuli azrovneba,<br />

SemoqmedebiTi azrovneba da sxva),<br />

pirovnuli urTierTobis (mosmena,<br />

saubari, verbaluri da araverabluri<br />

komunikacia, TanamSromloba,<br />

qcevis misadageba da<br />

sxva), da motoruli (siaruli,<br />

Zerwva, xatva, Widaoba, mizanSi<br />

srola da sxva).<br />

Tanamedrove pedagogiur mecnierebaSi<br />

gamoiyofa unar-CvevaTa<br />

nakrebi, romelic uzrunvelyofs<br />

adamianis mSvidobian Tanaarsebobas<br />

sxva adamianebTan _ sazogadoebrivi<br />

(anu socialuri)<br />

unar-Cvevebi.<br />

sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebi<br />

sazogadoebriv unar-CvevebSi ganixilaven:<br />

pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar<br />

Tavze aRebas, sxvis pativiscemas,<br />

TanamSromlobas, konfliqtis<br />

gadaWras, jgufSi gadawyvetilebis<br />

miRebas, jgufSi rolebis<br />

mravalferovnebis miRebas.<br />

1. pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar<br />

Tavze aReba<br />

amocanis Sesabamisad Sesruleba;<br />

pasuxismgeblobis sxvasTan<br />

gaziarebis survili.<br />

2. sxvisi pativiscema<br />

sxvisi mosmena;<br />

TanagrZnoba (empaTia);<br />

gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />

samarTlianobisa da<br />

Tanasworobis safuZvelze<br />

(jgufur muSaobaSi);<br />

sakuTar da sxvis rwmenebs,<br />

Sexedulebebs da ideebs<br />

Soris gansxvavebis aRiareba;<br />

azris gamoxatva sxvisi<br />

Seuracxyofis gareSe.<br />

3. TanamSromloba<br />

TanamSromloba jgufSi;<br />

Tavazianoba;<br />

masalis gaziareba.<br />

4. konfliqtis mogvareba<br />

sxvebis yuradRebiT mosmena;<br />

kompromisis daSveba;<br />

viTarebis Sesatyvisi<br />

reaqcia;<br />

pasuxismgeblobis aReba;<br />

samarTlianoba.<br />

5. gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />

jgufSi<br />

sxvebis mosmena;<br />

kamaTi ideebis garSemo;<br />

kiTxvebis dasma;<br />

Zalisxmeva Tanxmobis<br />

misaRwevad.<br />

6. jgufSi rolebis<br />

mravalferovnebis miReba<br />

mocemuli viTarebis<br />

Sesatyvisi qcevis<br />

gacnobiereba da Sesabamisi<br />

moqmedeba;<br />

rolebis monacvleoba<br />

(magaliTad, erT garemoebaSi<br />

lideroba, meoreSi _<br />

Semsrulebloba da a.S.).<br />

sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebisTvis<br />

gadamwyveti mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs TviTmarTvis swavlas.<br />

es aris adamianis unar-Cveva, gaacnobieros<br />

da marTos sakuTari<br />

qceva. TviTmarTvis unar-CvevebSi<br />

Sedis: msxvili da natifi motoruli<br />

Cvevebi (moZraobasTan, Zalis<br />

gamoyenebasTan, sizustesTan dakavSirebuli<br />

Cvevebi), sivrceSi<br />

orientacia, moqmedebebis dagegmva<br />

da Sesruleba, drois marTva<br />

(drois efeqtiani da Sesabamisi/<br />

adekvaturi gamoyeneba), usafr-<br />

Txoebis dacva, jansaRi cxovrebis<br />

wesis dacva, qcevis normebis gaTvaliswineba<br />

(adamianTa jgufebis<br />

Sesatyvisi wesebis codna da gamoyeneba)<br />

da gaazrebuli arCevanis<br />

gakeTeba (miznis da Sedegis<br />

gaTvaliswineba).<br />

Tu warmodgenil debulebebs<br />

eTanxmebiT da jer ar<br />

daRlilxarT, modi, kidev<br />

erTi nabiji gadavdgaT!<br />

rogor vaswavloT<br />

gavixsenoT, rom adamianis yvela<br />

moqmedebas, saqciels motivacia<br />

udevs safuZvlad. dimitri uznaZis<br />

mtkicebiT, saskolo asakis<br />

adamianebis qcevis ZiriTadi<br />

saxe swavlaa. sazogadoebrivi<br />

unar-Cvevebi ki, rogorc aRiniSna,<br />

swored swavliT viTardeba.<br />

Sesabamisad, maswavlebels uwevs<br />

zrunva swavlis motivaciis amaRlebaze,<br />

raTa moswavles ukeT ganuviTardes<br />

sxvadasxva unar-Cveva.<br />

moswavlisTvis saskolo aqtivobebi<br />

SeiZleba iyos Singanad an<br />

gareganad wamaxalisebeli _ sxva<br />

sityvebiT, ganpirobebuli iyos<br />

misi Sinagani an garegani motivaciiT.<br />

aqtivobebi, romelic gamowveulia<br />

Sinagani motivaciiT, moswavlisaTvis<br />

TavisTavad Zalian<br />

sainteresoa. garegani motivaciis<br />

dros ki misTvis saswavlo<br />

aqtivoba TavisTavad sasiamovno<br />

ar aris, magram mainc axorcielebs<br />

mas erTgvari jildos misaRebad<br />

(kargi niSani, Seqeba, da a.S).

N3, 2009 13<br />

amrigad, moswavlis swavliT dainteresebas<br />

ganapirobebs misi<br />

rogorc garegani, ise Sinagani<br />

motivacia. es aucileblad unda<br />

gaiTvaliswinos maswavlebelma,<br />

imisaTvis rom mozardi iyos<br />

warmatebuli.<br />

zogierTi moswavle didi enTuziazmiT<br />

ekideba swavlas, magram<br />

arian iseTebic, romlebic maswavleblis<br />

mxardaWeris gareSe swavlisadmi<br />

did interess ar iCenen.<br />

maT mudmivad sWirdebaT Seqeba,<br />

stimuli da Tanadgoma. rac ufro<br />

metad motivirebuli arian moswavleebi,<br />

miT metia swavlis xarisxi.<br />

sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebis<br />

mizanmimarTuli ganviTarebis-<br />

Tvis erT-erTi saukeTeso gzaa<br />

socialuri meTodi _ TanamSromlobiTi<br />

swavleba. socialuri<br />

meTodis gamoyenebis dros xdeba<br />

moswavleTa dajgufeba. igi miznad<br />

isaxavs maT CarTvas TanamSromlobaSi,<br />

erTobliv Zalisxmevas<br />

davalebebis Sesasruleblad.<br />

socialuri meTodi<br />

SeiZleba iyos ori saxis:<br />

jgufisTvis micemuli<br />

amocana jgufis SigniT qveamocanebad<br />

iSleba. jgufis<br />

wevrs aqvs Tavisi funqcia da<br />

amocana. saerTo Sedegi<br />

damokidebulia TiToeuli<br />

monawilis Sedegze.<br />

moswavleebi muSaoben da<br />

fiqroben erTi da imave amocanaze<br />

erTdroulad, maT erTi<br />

da igive funqcia aqvT. aseTi<br />

forma ufro efeqturia axal<br />

amocanebze muSaobis dros.<br />

cxadia, rom am meTodis gamoyenebas<br />

Sedegi aqvs Sesabamisi<br />

saswavlo miznebis arsebobisas.<br />

Tu sazogadoebrivi unar-<br />

Cvevebis ganviTarebis warmodgenil<br />

safuZvlebSi dame-<br />

TanxmeT, maSin gagiadvildebaT<br />

am rCevebis gaziareba da<br />

warmatebulad gamoyeneba:<br />

yovelTvis yvelasTan urTierToba<br />

daiwyeT Tavaziani,<br />

gulTbili misalmebiT.<br />

yovelTvis yvelas mimarT<br />

gamoiCineT gulisxmiereba.<br />

ufrosi bavSvisTvis usafrTxo<br />

garemos saukeTeso mSenebelia.<br />

mzrunvelobis sauke-<br />

Teso gamoxatuleba dauzareli<br />

gulisxmierebaa. gulisxmiereba<br />

ndobisa da gulwrfelobis<br />

sawindaria. amis gareSe<br />

TanamSromloba ver Sedgeba.<br />

sakuTari yoveldRiuri moqmedebiT<br />

daamkvidreT wesebis winaswari<br />

SeTanxmebis kultura.<br />

yovelTvis yvelasTan daicaviT<br />

urTierTpativiscemis wesebi.<br />

xeli SeuwyeT mozardebs, ilaparakon<br />

sakuTar gancdebsa<br />

da emociebze. daexmareT, iswavlon<br />

grZnobebze laparaki,<br />

iswavlon problemis gadaWra<br />

sityvierad.<br />

mozardebisadmi pativiscemiT<br />

izruneT maTi TviTSefasebis<br />

gazrdaze.<br />

iyaviT keTilganwyobili,<br />

gulwrfeli da Semwynarebeli.<br />

nu iqnebiT metismetad seriozuli,<br />

gaexumreT xolme bav-<br />

Svebs, raTa maT Tqvengan siTbo<br />

igrZnon.<br />

savarjiSos pirobis axsnisas<br />

nu aCqardebiT, dawvrilebiT<br />

ganumarteT moswavleebs, ra<br />

evalebaT.<br />

sanam romelime savarjiSos<br />

Sesrulebas daiwyebdeT, darwmundiT,<br />

rom yvela monawiles<br />

kargad esmis, Tu ra moeTxoveba.<br />

saSualeba mieciT moswavleebs,<br />

warmoadginon maT mier<br />

Sesrulebuli samuSao da<br />

upasuxon kiTxvebs.<br />

kargad daakvirdiT jgufis<br />

muSaobas, darwmundiT, rom<br />

yvelas kargad esmis Sesasrulebeli<br />

davaleba. Tu saWiroa,<br />

kidev erTxel auxseniT, ra<br />

moeTxovebaT.<br />

nu miawvdiT moswavleebs iseT<br />

azrebs, romlebic ukve ician<br />

an SeuZliaT Tavad mixvdnen.<br />

saSualeba mieciT, sakuTari<br />

daskvnebi gamoitanon.<br />

mosTxoveT maT, imuSaon, radgan<br />

imis Segneba, rom dakisrebuli<br />

samuSaos Sesruleba SeZles,<br />

siamayesa da sakuTari<br />

Tavis pativiscemas gaaRviZebs<br />

maTSi.<br />

daimaxsovreT, rom rac ufro<br />

mkafio miTiTebebs miscemT<br />

bavSvebs, miT ukeT Seasruleben<br />

davalebebs.<br />

jgufuri muSaobis dros<br />

xmauri, Cveulebriv, enTuziazmis<br />

niSania. enTuziazmi ki<br />

davalebis Sesrulebas unda<br />

emsaxurebodes.<br />

zogierTi xmauriani aqtivobis<br />

dasrulebis Semdeg jgufis<br />

dawynareba scadeT da<br />

mxolod Semdeg gaagrZeleT<br />

gakveTili; SegiZliaT es araverbalurad<br />

aniSnoT bavSvebs,<br />

an xmadabla ganumartoT.<br />

scadeT, sagakveTilo procesSi<br />

CarToT ara mxolod<br />

aqtiuri bavSvebi, romlebic<br />

yovel SekiTxvas upasuxeben,<br />

aramed _ pasiurebic.<br />

praqtikuli savarjiSoebi<br />

gakveTilebze gamoyenebisTvis<br />

ixileT praqtikul danarTSi<br />

`klasi~, gv. 30-32

14 mosazreba<br />

skola<br />

Tu repetitori<br />

anu ratom ar dadian<br />

ufrosklaseli moswavleebi skolaSi<br />

siko janaSia<br />

Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />

skola<br />

gacilebiT ukeTesi<br />

ganaTlebis miRebis<br />

saSualebas iZleva,<br />

vidre Cveulebrivi,<br />

saSualostatisti-<br />

,,<br />

kuri repetitori.<br />

,,<br />

sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebulia<br />

mosazreba, rom damamTavrebeli<br />

klasis moswavleebis didi nawili<br />

skolaSi ar dadis, radgan umaRlesSi<br />

misaRebi gamocdebisTvis<br />

emzadeba. isini repetitorebTan<br />

mecadineoben, rac imis maniSnebelia,<br />

rom moswavleebs da maT<br />

mSoblebs ar akmayofilebT is<br />

codna, rasac skola aZlevs da<br />

ganaTlebis miRebis alternatiul<br />

gzebze fiqroben. aseve gvsmenia,<br />

TiTqos skola bavSvs maRali<br />

xarisxis ganaTlebas ar aZlevs<br />

da repetitorTan am naklis<br />

Sevseba xdeba. Sevecdebi ganvmarto,<br />

ra aris am mosazrebaSi swori<br />

da ra _ zedapiruli analizis<br />

Sedegi.<br />

arsebobs repetitorebis ori jgufi:<br />

isini, vinc dabali klasebidanve<br />

muSaoben bavSvebTan da isini,<br />

romlebic mxolod bolo safexurze<br />

erTvebian aqtiurad abiturientebis<br />

momzadebaSi. es statia<br />

mxolod meore jgufs exeba.<br />

pirveli, razec SeiZleba davfiqrdeT,<br />

warmodgenili Sexedulebebidan<br />

gamomdinare, aris is, Tu<br />

ramdenad dadis, an ar dadis<br />

maRali klasebis moswavleebis<br />

umetesoba skolaSi am kiTxvaze<br />

pasuxis gacemisas unda gvaxsovdes,<br />

rom saqarTveloSi me-11 da<br />

me-12 klasebSi, TiToeulSi<br />

60 000-mde moswavle swavlobs.<br />

Tu davuSvebT, rom maTi umravlesoba<br />

gakveTilebs acdens,<br />

radgan misaRebi gamocdebisTvis<br />

emzadeba, es niSnavs: am 60 000<br />

moswavlis didi nawili abiturientia.<br />

Tu statistikas gadavxedavT,<br />

SevniSnavT, rom:<br />

1. damamTavrebeli klasis moswavleebis<br />

umravlesoba abiturienti<br />

ar aris. skolis dam-<br />

TavrebisTanave umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />

moxvedras, bolo<br />

wlebSi erTiani erovnuli gamocdebiT<br />

(da es wlebi, albaT,<br />

yvelaze reprezentatulia),<br />

moswavleebis daaxloebiT<br />

naxevari cdilobs.<br />

2. damamTavrebeli klasebis<br />

moswavleTa mxolod 20-25%

N3, 2009 15<br />

xvdeba umaRlesSi pirvelive<br />

wels. anu yoveli 60 moswavlidan<br />

30-mde abiturientia<br />

da maTgan mxolod 15 agrZelebs<br />

swavlas. aqedan gamomdinare,<br />

SegviZlia davaskvnaT:<br />

Tu moswavleTa didi nawili<br />

damamTavrebel klasSi skolaSi<br />

ar dadis, es imis gamo<br />

ar xdeba, rom umravlesoba<br />

abiturientia. SesaZloa,<br />

skolas iseTebic acdendnen,<br />

romlebic umaRlesisTvis ar<br />

emzadebian. es moswavleebi,<br />

SesaZloa internet-kafeebSi<br />

dadian, rogorc amaswinaT<br />

duSeTis skolis moswavleebma<br />

miTxres, an ojaxebs exmarebian,<br />

ubralod, ar dadian<br />

skolaSi, radgan maTTvis es<br />

uinteresoa, an finansur problemebis<br />

gamo acdenen skolas.<br />

am sakiTxze saqarTveloSi<br />

seriozuli kvleva jer ar<br />

Catarebula da pasuxic ucnobia.<br />

Cemi azriT, Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />

skola gacilebiT<br />

ukeTesi ganaTlebis miRebis<br />

saSualebas iZleva, vidre<br />

Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />

repetitori. amis dasabu-<br />

Teba iolia, rasac ramdenime<br />

martivi faqtori ganapirobebs:<br />

repetitoris funqcia, rac<br />

saxelwodebidanac Cans, aris<br />

ara codnis micema, aramed<br />

naswavlis gameoreba, anu am<br />

SemTxvevaSi, gamocdebisTvis<br />

momzadeba. gamocda ki Cvens<br />

qveyanaSi qaRaldiTa da kalmiT<br />

tardeba. am instrumentebiT<br />

praqtikulad SeuZlebelia<br />

iseTi sabaziso unarebis<br />

Semowmeba, rogoricaa magali-<br />

Tad, metyveleba, lideroba,<br />

interpersonaluri komunikacia<br />

da sxv.<br />

repetitorebis umravlesoba,<br />

maTi saqmianobis specifikidan<br />

gamomdinare, ver iyenebs ganaTlebis<br />

im meTodebs, romlebic<br />

swavlebis procesSi ukeTes<br />

Sedegs iZleva _ magaliTad,<br />

socialur daswavlas,<br />

keTebiT swavlebas da sxv.<br />

repetitorebTan momzadebis<br />

mizani ar aris damokidebulebebis<br />

gamomuSaveba da<br />

socializacia;<br />

repetitorebs ar aqvT pasuxismgebloba<br />

raime instituciis<br />

winaSe da arc maTi saqmianobis<br />

Sefaseba xdeba. erTi<br />

SexedviT, bazari aregulirebs<br />

xarisxs, magram sinamdvileSi<br />

qveynis maStabiT mxolod ramdenime<br />

cnobili repetitoria,<br />

absoluturi umravlesoba ki<br />

e.w. `mrevlis~ kontraqtiT<br />

sargeblobs, miuxedavad<br />

imisa, ramdenad warmatebulia<br />

igi. magaliTad, mSoblebma<br />

arasdros ician, zustad ramdenma<br />

abiturientma Caabara<br />

umaRlesSi wina wels konkretul<br />

repetitorTan momzadebis<br />

Sedegad.<br />

dRes skola, rogorc institucia,<br />

zemoTCamoTvlil problemebs<br />

ukeT agvarebs, vidre repetitori.<br />

Cndeba kiTxva: ratom garbis<br />

moswavleebis nawili repetitorebTan<br />

amaze pasuxis gacema<br />

erTi winadadebiTaa SesaZlebeli:<br />

Zalian maRalia riski, rom skolis<br />

damTavrebis Semdeg abiturienti,<br />

romelsac umaRlesSi unda<br />

moxvedra, am adgils ver moipovebs,<br />

an sasurvel fakultetze<br />

ver moxvdeba, rasac Semdegi<br />

faqtorebi ganapirobebs:<br />

1. umaRles saswavleblebSi adgilebis<br />

raodenobis simcire.<br />

maTi saerTo raodenoba<br />

mkveTrad CamorCeba msurvelebis,<br />

an potenciuri msurvelebis<br />

jamur raodenobas. Tu<br />

imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom<br />

arsebuli adgilebis naxevarze<br />

naklebia iseTi, sadac ma-<br />

Rali konkursia (magaliTad,<br />

samze meti abiturienti TiTo<br />

adgilze), aRmoCndeba, rom<br />

adgilebis raodenoba, romelzec<br />

abiturientebis umravlesobas<br />

surs moxvedra, sinamdvileSi<br />

kidev ufro SezRudulia;<br />

2. gamocdebis sistemis Tavisebureba.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi, ramdenime<br />

mTavari faqtoria<br />

gasaTvaliswinebeli:<br />

gamocdebis programa,<br />

erTi mxriv, saskolo<br />

programas ar emTxveva da<br />

meore mxriv, meTormete<br />

klasis bolos moiTxovs<br />

me-7, me-8 da Semdegi klasebis<br />

programis codnas,<br />

rac aiZulebs abiturients,<br />

meTormete klasSi<br />

daiwyos wina klasebSi<br />

naswavlis gadameoreba.<br />

gamocdebSi warmatebis<br />

kriteriumia ara raRacis<br />

codna, aramed raRacis<br />

codna sxvaze ukeTesad.<br />

abiturientebi erTmaneTs<br />

ejibrebian, rac niSnavs:<br />

rogori kargi maswavlebelic<br />

ar unda myavdes, ar<br />

arsebobs garantia, rom<br />

Cems konkurents ukeTesi<br />

maswavlebeli ar hyavs.<br />

sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT,<br />

abiturienti ver akontrolebs<br />

sakuTar Sedegs, radgan<br />

sxvis Sedegebzea damokidebuli.<br />

Sesabamisad,<br />

SeuZlebelia imis sakmarisi<br />

sizustiT ganWvreta,<br />

Tu ramdenad warmatebuli

16<br />

iqneba igi misaReb gamocdebze.<br />

amasTanave, mis warmatebas<br />

uamravi sxva mniSvnelovani<br />

faqtori gansaz-<br />

Rvravs: magaliTad, fakultetebis<br />

arCevis taqtika,<br />

testis dros koncentrirebis<br />

unari, kulturuli<br />

faqtorebi da sxv.<br />

Casabarebeli gamocdebis<br />

simravle _ rac ufro metia<br />

gamocda, miT metia imis<br />

albaToba, rom socialurad<br />

daucveli axalgazrda<br />

mis Cabarebas ver SeZlebs.<br />

umaRlesSi swavlis gagr-<br />

Zeleba bevrisTvis Zalian<br />

Zviria, momzadebis siZviris<br />

gamo ki skoladamTavrebulebis<br />

naxevari arc cdilobs<br />

Cabarebas. erTi SexedviT,<br />

gamocdebis simravle<br />

imis winapirobaa, rom umaRlesSi<br />

ufro ganaTlebuli<br />

adamianebi agrZelebden<br />

swavlas, magram es _ mxolod<br />

erTi SexedviT. am sakiTxze<br />

damatebiTi informaciis<br />

misaRebad ixileT<br />

saintereso kvleva Temaze,<br />

uwyobs Tu ara xels testireba<br />

codnis amaRlebas<br />

_ misamarTze: http://<br />

epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n18/,<br />

High-Stakes Testing, Uncertainty,<br />

and Student Learning<br />

gamocdebis intensivoba:<br />

tardeba weliwadSi mxolod<br />

erTxel, rac Secdomebis<br />

gamosworebis SesaZleblobas<br />

amcirebs.<br />

maTTan momzadebaze iyos<br />

damokidebuli. repetitorebis<br />

umravlesoba skolis maswavlebelia,<br />

romelic dabali<br />

anazRaurebis gamo gakveTilebis<br />

Semdeg sakuTar an sxva<br />

skolis moswavleebs amzadebs.<br />

Sesabamisad, maT pirdapiri<br />

interesi aqvT, rom mSobelma<br />

ifiqros, TiTqos sxvagvarad<br />

SeuZlebelia umaRlesSi Cabareba.<br />

zemoaRniSnuli riskebis minimalizaciis<br />

gareSe SeuZlebeli<br />

iqneba saswavlo procesze repetitorobis<br />

gavlenis Semcireba<br />

da skolis rolis gaZliereba.<br />

Tumca mxolod maswavleblis<br />

xelfasis momateba, umaRles<br />

saswavleblebSi adgilebis<br />

gazrda da gamocdebis sistemis<br />

imgvarad Secvla, rom erTmaneT-<br />

Tan SejibrTan erTad moswavleebi<br />

dawesebul standarts Seejibron,<br />

ar iqneba sakmarisi. skolis<br />

miRwevebi misi damTavrebis<br />

Semdegac unda gaviTvaliswinoT.<br />

es gulisxmobs ara mxolod skolis<br />

niSnebis, aramed sxvadasxva<br />

socialur Tu akademiur sfero-<br />

Si moswavlis aqtiurobis gaTvaliswinebasac<br />

(klubebis wevroba,<br />

konkursebsa da TviTmmarTvelobaSi<br />

monawileoba da sxv.) Tumca<br />

amis misaRwevad saWiroa, zogadsaganmanaTleblo<br />

sistemis xarisxis<br />

uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebi<br />

amuSavdes, romelTa Soris yvelaze<br />

mniSvnelovani<br />

skolebis akreditaciaa.<br />

3. warmatebis warmosaxviTi<br />

kriteriumebi: repetitorebi,<br />

visac SesaZloa mSobelma rCevisTvis<br />

mimarTos, dainteresebulni<br />

arian, rom am ukanasknelTa<br />

warmodgenebSi gamocdebze<br />

misaRwevi warmateba

mrgvali magida<br />

N3, 2009 17<br />

ufrosklaselebis arCevani -<br />

repetitori Tu sajaro skola<br />

saskolo ganaTlebis bolo safexurze moswavleebis didi nawili<br />

skolaSi ar dadis. daswrebis problemaze daufaravad saubroben<br />

skolebis administraciebi da maswavleblebi. ganaTlebisa da<br />

mecnierebis ministris brZanebiT, im moswavleebs, romlebic<br />

gakveTilebs gaacdenen, mkacri sanqciebi daekisrebaT _ maT<br />

eqsternatis gamocdebis Cabareba an klasSi darCena mouwevT.<br />

ratom ar surT ufrosklaselebs gakveTilebze daswreba da<br />

rogor unda mogvardes es problema _ am Temaze `maswavleblis~<br />

mrgvali magidis monawileebma imsjeles.<br />

Sorena burdilaZe<br />

pirvel rigSi, skolis<br />

warmomadgenlebs mivmarTav.<br />

marTlac ase mwvaved dgas<br />

dRes gakveTilebze<br />

daswrebis problema<br />

lela wiqariSvili: daswrebis<br />

TvalsazrisiT, viTareba ukeTesia,<br />

vidre ramdenime wlis win<br />

iyo, magram damakmayofilebeli<br />

namdvilad ar aris. moswavleTa<br />

Sefasebis sistema, romliTac dRes<br />

vxelmZRvanelobT, daswrebis<br />

gacilebiT maRal dones moiTxovs.<br />

mravalkomponentiani Sefaseba<br />

ver Sedgeba, Tu adekvaturi daswreba<br />

ar iqneba. problema imdenad<br />

seriozulia, rom saswavlo<br />

wlis dasawyisSi kaTedrebis doneze<br />

sakiTxic ki davsviT: xom ar<br />

mivaniWoT daswrebas garkveuli<br />

procenti Sefasebisas da is erTgvar<br />

motivaciad vaqcioT. aseTi<br />

SemoTavazeba mSoblebisganac<br />

gvqonda. roca umaRlesi saswavleblebis<br />

pedagogebis silabusebs,<br />

kurikulumebsa da saavtoro masalebs<br />

vecnobi, vxedav, rom TiToeul<br />

maTganSi gawerilia calkeuli<br />

aqtivobis procentuli Semcveloba<br />

da daswrebas, saSualod,<br />

10% eniWeba. vaRiaroT, rom wlis<br />

dasawyisSi XI I klaselebis mSoblebi<br />

modian da daswrebis mxriv Se-<br />

RavaTebs iTxoven. anu mSobeli Tavad<br />

aris ganwyobili, rom misma<br />

Svilma skola unda gaacdinos. mizezi<br />

repetitorebTan siarulia.<br />

wels am tendencias xeli Seuwyo<br />

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis safuZvelze<br />

Seqmnil saxelmZRvaneloebsa<br />

da misaRebi gamocdebis<br />

programebs Soris cdomilebebmac.<br />

lia WankvetaZe: Cveni skola daswrebas<br />

sruli simkacriT iTxovs.<br />

am mizeziT sasawavlo wlis dasawyisSi<br />

58 meTormeteklaseli skolidan<br />

wavida, darCenili nawili<br />

ki umkacresad kontroldeba.<br />

bavSvebi axerxebnen gakveTilebze<br />

siarulsac da repetitorTan mecadineobasac.<br />

Tu yvela skola<br />

mkacrad dasvams daswrebis sakiTxs,<br />

viTareba Seicvleba. simkacre yvelas<br />

Tanabrad unda movTxovoT,<br />

raTa erTi skolidan wasulma bav-<br />

Svma sxva, ufro `rbili~ politikis<br />

mqone skolas ar Seafaros Tavi.<br />

magaliTad, rogorc Cveni 58 yofili<br />

moswavle moiqca _ problemas<br />

xom amiT araferi eSvela.<br />

nino asaniZe: simkacres rac Seexeba,<br />

am midgomas seriozulad<br />

uSlis xels vauCeruli dafinanseba.<br />

SeiZleba maswavlebeli Zalian<br />

obieqturad wyvetdes, romeli<br />

moswavle darCes skolaSi<br />

da romeli ara, magram am dros<br />

direqtoris problema dgas. mas<br />

ar unda ukmayofilo mSobeli da<br />

moswavlis dakargva, romelic<br />

misTvis vauCeruli dafinansebis<br />

wyaroa. ver daveTanxmebi daswrebis<br />

faqtoris niSanze asaxvas.<br />

vfiqrob, es nabiji moswavleebSi<br />

usamarTlobis gancdas gaaCens da<br />

diskusiaSi monawileobdnen:<br />

lela wiqariSvili<br />

Tbilisis 1-li sajaro skolis<br />

direqtori<br />

lia WankvetaZe<br />

Tbilisis 51-e sajaro skolis<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

nino asaniZe<br />

Tbilisis 95-e sajaro skolis<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

gvanca CxeiZe<br />

mSobeli<br />

giorgi maCabeli<br />

ganaTlebis politikis dagegmvisa da<br />

marTvis saerTaSoriso instituti<br />

eka darbaiZe<br />

ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />

saministros regionuli marTvis<br />

departamenti<br />

sofo gorgoZe<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centris direqtori<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centris<br />

sertificirebis koordinatori<br />

nato ingoroyva<br />

redaqtori, Jurnali `maswavlebeli~<br />

diskusias uZRveboda<br />

Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />

mTavari redaqtori<br />

xaTuna kveselava

18<br />

lela wiqariSvili<br />

SesaZloa, garkveuli agresiac<br />

gamoiwvios. problemis arsebobis<br />

da misi gadaWris perspeqtivaSic<br />

mTavar figurad maswavlebeli<br />

mimaCnia. Tu pedagogi profesionalia,<br />

kompetenturia da pirovnuli<br />

Tvisebebic xels uwyobs, rom<br />

klasSi mimzidveli garemo Seqmnas,<br />

motivacia aamaRlos, bavSvebi<br />

aqtiurad CarTos procesSi da<br />

saintereso gaxados sagani, moswavleebs<br />

misi gakveTilis gacdenis<br />

survili aRar gauCndebaT.<br />

ganaTlebis politikis mar-<br />

Tvisa da dagegmvis saerTa-<br />

Soriso institutma, ramdenime<br />

wlis win, repetitorobis<br />

Taobaze kvleva Caatara. rogori<br />

iyo Tqveni daskvnebi da<br />

Secvlilia Tu ara viTareba<br />

giorgi maCabeli: es problema<br />

bevr faqtors ukavSirdeba da<br />

skolis cxovrebis yvela etapze<br />

axdens zegavlenas. metic, mimaCnia,<br />

rom daswrebis sakiTxi skolis<br />

marTvis yvelaze seriozuli<br />

problemaa. iq, sadac marTva SedarebiT<br />

efeqturad xorcieldeba,<br />

es sakiTxi naklebad aqtualuria,<br />

Tumca ver vityviT, rom problema<br />

saerTod ar arsebobs. zogierT<br />

skolaSi ufro rTulad aris<br />

saqme. samwuxarod, mSobels da<br />

moswavles dRemde ver gaucnobierebiaT,<br />

rom skola maTia da ma-<br />

Tac unda Seitanon wvlili mis<br />

gaumjobesebaSi.<br />

mSoblebis survilia, rom<br />

skola karg ganaTlebas iZleodes.<br />

moswavleebis nawils,<br />

romelzec axla vsaubrobT,<br />

konkretuli interesi aqvs _<br />

skolis Semdeg umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />

Cabareba. aris<br />

ki moswavle darwmunebuli,<br />

rom skolaSi miRebuli codniT<br />

warmatebiT gaarTmevs<br />

Tavs erovnul gamocdebs<br />

giorgi maCabeli: ar aris darwmunebuli<br />

da amitomac mimarTavs<br />

sxva gzebs. midgoma gaukuRmarTebulia.<br />

imis nacvlad, rom skola<br />

gavaumjobesoT, iol gzebs veZebT<br />

da am ZiebaSi swavlis process<br />

kidev ufro vazaralebT. mSoblebic<br />

martiv gamosavals pouloben:<br />

urCevniaT, Tanxa gaiRon da repetitorebTan<br />

ataron Svili, vidre<br />

skolis mSeneblobaSi aqtiuri<br />

monawileoba miiRon.<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili: gacdenebis<br />

tendencia X klasSi iwyeba, geometriuli<br />

progresiiT izrdeba<br />

XI-Si da XII -Si moswavleebi saer-<br />

Tod aRar dadian skolaSi. idealur<br />

SemTxvevaSi, swavlebis mesame<br />

safexurze maT garkveuli<br />

garegani motivacia aqvT _ umaRles<br />

saswavleblebSi swavlis gagrZeleba<br />

surT. codnis misaRebad<br />

gakveTilebi organizebuli<br />

unda iyos: maswavlebeli droulad<br />

unda Sediodes gakveTilze,<br />

aswavlides, Semdeg iTxovdes da<br />

ibarebdes moswavlisgan gakve-<br />

Tils. Tu es procesi Sedga, bavSvi<br />

naklebad gaacdens skolas,<br />

magram Cvens skolebSi aRniSnuli<br />

procesi darRveulia. erT-erT<br />

mizezad iTqva, rom erovnuli<br />

saswavlo gegma da misaRebi gamocdebis<br />

programuli sakiTxebi erTmaneTs<br />

ar Seesabameba. sainteresoa,<br />

ra doziT aris acdena _ cdomileba<br />

abiturientisTvis im riskis<br />

matarebelia, rom gamocdaze<br />

CaiWreba Tu imis, rom SeiZleba<br />

100 qula ver miiRos<br />

lela wiqariSvili: Tu saorientaciod<br />

umaRlesis programas<br />

aiRebT, erovnuli saswavlo gegmis<br />

mocemulobebis Sesrulebas<br />

ver SeZlebT. rac Seexeba cdomilebas,<br />

es mSoblebisTvis Zalian<br />

seriozuli mizezia. isini, SesaZloa,<br />

kargad ver erkveodnen sakiTxSi,<br />

magram saxelmZRvanelosa<br />

da sagamocdo programis sarCevebsa<br />

da nusxebs rom Caxedaven,<br />

Semdeg maTi damSvideba Zalian<br />

rTulia.<br />

gvanca CxeiZe: Svilebs skolis<br />

gacdenis mizezs vekiTxebi _ gakveTilebi<br />

mzad aqvT, arc avad arian,<br />

magram mpasuxoben, rom gakveTilebze<br />

Zili erevaT. albaT, umjobesia,<br />

moswavlis motivaciaze<br />

vizrunoT. mTavari roli am<br />

dros maswavlebels eniWeba.<br />

eka darbaiZe: mSobeli udides<br />

rols asrulebs Svilis motivirebaSi,<br />

magram roca bavSvi skolaSia,<br />

amaze maswavlebelma unda<br />

izrunos. gamosavali zeda rgolidan,<br />

direqtorisgan unda wamovides.<br />

is Tavad unda iyos motivirebuli<br />

da es motivacia maswavlebels<br />

unda gadasces. myavs<br />

mezobeli gogona, romelic X<br />

klasSia da skolaSi ar dadis, arc<br />

repetitorebi yavs, ubralod<br />

saxlSia. roca mizezs vekiTxebi,<br />

mpasuxobs, rom aravin dadis da<br />

daswrebas aravin sTxovT.<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili: sarepetitoro<br />

skolis gaZlierebis erT-erTi safuZveli<br />

swored misaRebi gamocdebi<br />

gaxlavT. es iyo am institutis<br />

sabWoTa epoqaSi gaCenis mizezic<br />

_ saswavlo sivrceSi bavSvi<br />

giorgi maCabeli

N3, 2009 19<br />

nino asaniZe<br />

umaRles saswavlebelSi Casabareblad<br />

saWiro ganaTlebis miRebas<br />

ver axerxebda. samwuxarod, es mizezi<br />

ar aris erTaderTi, sarepetitoro<br />

skola ki erT-erTi seriozuli<br />

barieria daswrebis kuTxiT.<br />

sabWoTa periodSi amis<br />

mizezi nawilobriv<br />

misaRebis gamocdebis<br />

korufciuli sistemac iyo.<br />

dRes sakiTxi ase ar dgas.<br />

ratom aris sarepetitoro<br />

skola isev aseTi Zlieri<br />

lela wiqariSvili: mizezebi ar<br />

icvleba. mSobels ar akmayofilebs<br />

skolaSi miRebuli codna, rac SeiZleba<br />

maswavleblis brali sulac<br />

ar iyos. Cems skolaSi aswavlis<br />

Zalian kvalificiuri maTematikis<br />

maswavlebeli, romelic amave dros<br />

warmatebuli repetitoria. is<br />

klasSi xom ver daiklebs kvalifikacias<br />

da kerZo gakveTilebis<br />

dros xom ver aimaRlebs mSobeli<br />

ambobs, rom urCevnia, meti Tanxa<br />

gadaixados da individualuri an<br />

3-4 wevrian jgufSi Catarebuli<br />

gakveTili moiTxovos. am dros<br />

maswavlebeli SeiZleba igive<br />

iyos, vinc bavSvs skolaSi hyavs.<br />

sofo gorgoZe: ar aris dadasturebuli,<br />

rom mcirekontingentian<br />

klasSi maswavlebeli ufro efeqturad<br />

axerxebs moswavleTa codnis<br />

amaRlebas. SesaZlebelia, rom<br />

saTanado strategiebis gamoyenebiT,<br />

man mravalricxovan klasSic<br />

karg Sedegs miaRwios. magaliTis-<br />

Tvis singapuris skolebs dagisaxelebT,<br />

sadac zogierT klasSi<br />

daaxloebiT 60 bavSvi zis. aRiarebuli<br />

faqtia, rom singapureli<br />

bavSvebi yvela saerTaSoriso SefasebaSi<br />

pirvel adgils ikaveben,<br />

gansakuTrebiT teqnikur sagneb-<br />

Si. mSoblebs arasworad aqvT Camoyalibebuli<br />

Sexeduleba, rom<br />

mravalmoswavlian klasSi pedagogs<br />

srulfasovnad muSaoba ar<br />

SeuZlia.<br />

darwmunebuli xarT, rom<br />

yvela ufrosklaseli, romelic<br />

skolas acdens, am dros<br />

repetitorTan mecadineobs<br />

nino asaniZe: Cemi skola qalaqis<br />

erT-erT gareubanSi mdebareobs.<br />

aq ufro xelmokle ojaxebis<br />

Svilebi swavloben. mSoblebi<br />

cdiloben, limoniviT gamogvwuron<br />

da maqsimumi miiRon pedagogebisgan.<br />

maT Svilebis repetitorebTan<br />

tarebis saSualeba ara<br />

aqvT. kursdamTavrebulTa nawili<br />

skolaSi miRebuli codniTac<br />

warmatebiT abarebs erovnul<br />

gamocdebs. bavSvebi sixaruliT<br />

modian, skolas ar acdenen, ubralod<br />

yvela gakveTilze ar Sedian.<br />

damakmayofilebelia XI I klaselebis<br />

daswrebac. Tavis droze Cvenma<br />

skolam Zalian mkacrad moiTxova<br />

samedicino cnobebi. mSobels<br />

aseTi cnobis aReba 15 lari ujdeba,<br />

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,<br />

icis, rom misma Svilma gacdenili<br />

saaTebi unda aanazRauros. aRricxva<br />

xdeba I da VI gakveTilze.<br />

damrigebeli, bavSvis aryofnis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, mSobels momentalurad<br />

ayenebs saqmis kursSi.<br />

lia WankvetaZe: 4-5 wlis win Cven-<br />

Tan diferencirebuli swavleba<br />

iyo. moqmedebda humanitaruli,<br />

teqnikuri, sabunebismetyvelo<br />

da ekonomikuri klasebi. ganaTlebis<br />

saministrom IX klasis bolos<br />

yvela saganSi Zalian seriozuli<br />

gamocdebi Caatara da bav-<br />

Svebi, romlebmac minimumi ver<br />

gadalaxes, swavlebis mesame safexurze<br />

ver gadavidnen. mniSvnelovania<br />

saxelobo ganaTlebis xel-<br />

Sewyobac, raTa mas, visac mesame<br />

safexurze swavla ar SeuZlia,<br />

skolidan wasasvleli hqondes.<br />

ministris 7 maisis brZanebulebiT,<br />

sagakveTilo drois<br />

gacdenis gamo mkacri sanqciebi<br />

Semodis. damrigebeli<br />

pasuxismgebelia Jurnalis<br />

warmoebaze, xolo sagnisTvis<br />

gankuTvnili saaTebis 1/5-is<br />

gacdenis SemTxvevaSi, moswavle<br />

eqsternatis gamocdebs<br />

abarebs. rogor fiqrobT,<br />

ramdenad efeqturi iqneba<br />

es regulireba<br />

lela wiqariSvili: am brZaneba-<br />

Si moxseniebuli wesebi ama Tu im<br />

formiT ukve moqmedebs skoleb-<br />

Si, Tumca mxolod im skolebSi,<br />

romlebic Tavisi kontingentis<br />

mimarT pasuxismgeblobas grZnoben.<br />

trimestrSi sagnisTvis gankuTvnili<br />

saaTebis 1/3-is gacdenis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, sagnis maswavlebeli<br />

moswavles gamokiTxvas uwyobs<br />

sxva pedagogis TandaswrebiT.<br />

brZanebulebaSi axali araferia,<br />

rac Cveni saskolo praqtikidan<br />

ar momdinareobs. misasalmebelia,<br />

rom Jurnali savaldebulo dokumentad<br />

CaiTvleba da mkacri<br />

aRricxva savaldebulo gaxdeba.<br />

xom ar gamoiwvevs wesebis<br />

gamkacreba problemebs<br />

mSoblebTan mkacri midgomis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, vauCeruli<br />

dafinansebis sakiTxic<br />

daisva saubris dasawyisSi...<br />

sofo gorgoZe

20<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili<br />

nino asaniZe: bavSvebis umravlesoba<br />

saSualo skolas amTavrebs<br />

da mizani gansazRvruli ara aqvs.<br />

marTalia, mesame safexuri savaldebulo<br />

ar aris, magram ufros<br />

klasebSi is moswavleebic gadmodian,<br />

romlebsac umaRlesSi<br />

gagrZelebis perspeqtiva ara<br />

aqvT. es kontingenti dadis<br />

skolaSi da TviTonac ar icis,<br />

ratom. mSobelic Seguebulia,<br />

rom bavSvi arafers iswavlis,<br />

samagierod, urCevnia, quCaSi ar<br />

idges da skolam mwyemsos is.<br />

nato ingoroyva: Tu yvela skolam<br />

Tanabari pirobebi ar wamoayena,<br />

aRmoCndeba, rom zogierT<br />

skolas ufro msubuqi wesebi<br />

aqvs da mSobelic misken aiRebs<br />

gezs. faqtia, rom im 58-ma moswavlem,<br />

romelic 51-e skolidan<br />

gacdenis gamo wavida, sxva skolebs<br />

Seafara Tavi. marTalia, yvela<br />

skolas individualuri midgoma<br />

aqvs mSoblebsa da moswavleebTan,<br />

magram es wesebi saerTo<br />

problemis mosagvareblad unda<br />

daareguliros vinmem da raimem.<br />

giorgi maCabeli: saboloo jamSi,<br />

yvelaferi TiToeuli skolis warmatebaze<br />

aisaxeba. is, vinc am bav-<br />

Svebs miiRebs da disciplinaze<br />

Tvals daxuWavs, SeiZleba finansurad<br />

mogebuli darCes, magram<br />

sabolood mainc warumatebeli skolis<br />

imijs SeiZens. aqac marTvis<br />

sakiTxia gadamwyveti. mSoblebTanac<br />

seriozuli samuSaoa Casatarebeli,<br />

radgan gaukuRmarTebuli<br />

dakveTa yvelaze didi saSiSroebaa<br />

skolis ganviTarebisTvis.<br />

lela wiqariSvili: vinaidan saqme<br />

ZiriTadad sajaro skolebs<br />

exeba, sasurvelia, moTxovna da<br />

valdebulebebi yvela skolis administraciisadmi<br />

Tanabari iyos<br />

_ rac ar unda liberaluri xedva<br />

da politika gvqondes, garkveuli<br />

valdebulebebi yvelasTvis<br />

saerToa. aman SeiZleba nihilisturi<br />

damokidebuleba gamoiwvios<br />

vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis<br />

mimarT, romelic, saboloo jamSi,<br />

Zalian pozitiuria. ar Rirs yvelaferSi<br />

safrTxis Zieba: ra safrTxe<br />

devs am dokumentSi, an ra<br />

safrTxe emuqreba maswavlebels...<br />

es erTgvari fobiebia, romlebic<br />

bolo dros Camoyalibda.<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili: vTqvaT, sancqiebma<br />

Sedegi gamoiRo da bavSvebma<br />

skolaSi siaruli daiwyes.<br />

es swavlebis procesSi fundamentur<br />

cvlilebebs gamoiwvevs gadavinacvloT<br />

ramdenime wliT<br />

ukan, roca daswrebis problema<br />

skolebSi ar arsebobda. damam-<br />

Tavrebel klasebSi bavSvebi ar<br />

acdendnen, magram skolis dam-<br />

Tavrebis Semdeg 1 wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />

yvela gadioda sarepetitoro<br />

skolas. Tu saswavlo proces-<br />

Si araferi Seicvala, realuradac<br />

araferi Seicvleba. bavSvi, marTvis<br />

liberaluri politikis damsaxurebiT,<br />

XI I klasSi ivlis repetitorTan<br />

Tu XI I klasis Semdeg, amiT<br />

skolis TviTRirebulebas raime<br />

Seemateba fundamentur cvlilebebze<br />

gavdivarT Tu mxolod<br />

im reJimSi vbrundebiT, rom<br />

bavSvi mowesrigebuli iyos<br />

sofo gorgoZe: gaumjobesdeba<br />

disciplina, rac xels Seuwyobs<br />

swavlebas da aqedan gamomdinare,<br />

mis gaumjobesebasac unda velodoT,<br />

Tumca ganaTlebis xarisxis<br />

asamaRleblad es sakmarisi namdvilad<br />

ver iqneba.<br />

Cveni diskusia rom SevajamoT:<br />

gamoikveTa wesebis<br />

gamkacrebis, maswavlebelTa<br />

kvalifikaciis amaRlebis,<br />

skolis mniSvnelobis gazrdis<br />

aucileblobis sakiTxebi.<br />

rogoria Tqveni saboloo<br />

rekomendaciebi<br />

lela wiqariSvili: ar SeiZleba<br />

valdebulebebi movxsnaT imitom,<br />

rom mosaxleobis raRac kategoria<br />

ganawyendeba. midgomebi Tanabari<br />

unda iyos. Tu bavSvi skolaSi<br />

ar aris, ver viqnebiT darwmunebuli,<br />

rom is saxlSia. winadadeba<br />

mqonda, kanoniT daregulirebuliyo<br />

internet-kafeebis<br />

muSaobis reJimi. iqneb maT ar<br />

imuSaon dRis pirvel naxevarSi,<br />

pirvel cvlaSi mainc.<br />

giorgi maCabeli: Zalian kargi<br />

iqneboda, am mxriv warmatebuli<br />

skolebis magaliTebis gacnoba: rogor<br />

axerxeben am problemis mogvarebas.<br />

es sakiTxi skolebs Soris<br />

msjelobis sagani unda gaxdes.<br />

nino asaniZe: wesebis gamkacreba<br />

mniSvnelovani faqtoria da mas<br />

albaT dadebiTi Sedegic mohyveba.<br />

Tumca amiT mSoblebis guliswyromas<br />

gamoviwvevT, radgan skolebi<br />

jerjerobiT ver uzrunvelyofen<br />

maTi SvilebisTvis xarisxiani<br />

ganaTlebis miRebas. sjobs,<br />

yuradReba maswavleblebis kvalifikaciis<br />

amaRlebas daeTmos.<br />

roca maswavleblis done aiwevs da<br />

is saTanado xarisxis ganaTlebas<br />

miscems, moswavle repetitoris<br />

gareSec SeZlebs umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />

Cabarebas. amiT repetitoris<br />

institutsac gamoecleba<br />

safuZveli.

eqsperti<br />

N3, 2009 21<br />

mTavari problema -<br />

izolacia<br />

judit elioti inglisuri enis maswavleblebs<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis amzadebs<br />

xaTuna kveselava<br />

bolo cxra Tvis manZilze<br />

saqarTvelos 10-mde region-<br />

Si imogzaureT _ inglisuri<br />

enis maswavleblebs gamocdisTvis<br />

amzadebT. ramdenad<br />

rTulia es misia rogor<br />

muSaobT<br />

mivxvdi, rom inglisuri enis yvela<br />

maswavlebels piradad ver Sevxvdebi<br />

da saTanadod ver davexmarebi.<br />

amitom regionebSi mogzaurobisas<br />

im adamianebs veZeb, romlebic<br />

momavalSi maswavleblebisTvis<br />

treningebis Catarebas SeZleben.<br />

ianvarSi me da sofo gorgo-<br />

Zem (maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centris direqtori,<br />

red.) msoflio banks winadadebiT<br />

mivmarTeT da qarTveli trenerebis<br />

momzadebaSi mxardaWera<br />

vTxoveT. ukve 15 adamiani Sevar-<br />

CieT da baTumSi treningi CavutareT.<br />

isini amJamad dasavleT<br />

saqarTvelosa da axalcixeSi mu-<br />

Saoben. minda, msgavsi jgufi Tbilissa<br />

da aRmosavleT saqarTveloSic<br />

Sevqmna. es Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />

radgan uamrav pedagogs<br />

unda `mivwvdeT~. aucilebelia ma-<br />

Ti identificireba, visac daxmareba<br />

sWirdeba, Semdeg ki darwmuneba,<br />

rom movidnen da treningebSi<br />

monawileoba miiRon.<br />

anu dgas maswavleblebis<br />

pasiurobisa da dabali<br />

motivaciis problema<br />

Zalian seriozulad... aTasobiT<br />

hipoTeza mqonda am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

Tavad gansajeT: dekemberSi<br />

baTumSi sami seminari Cavatare.<br />

am qalaqSi inglisuri enis<br />

177 maswavlebelia. TiTo treningze<br />

sul 10-10 adamiani movida,<br />

maSin roca 30-30-s velodebodi.<br />

vici, rom treningis Sesaxeb informacia<br />

droulad hqondaT. meubnebian,<br />

rom maswavleblebs ojaxebi<br />

hyavT misaxedi, isic miTxres, rom<br />

zogierTi maTgani sakuTar TavSi<br />

darwmunebuli ar aris da amitom<br />

ar modis. Cemi mizania maswavleblebis<br />

darwmuneba, movidnen treningebze<br />

da isargeblon kvalifikaciis<br />

amaRlebis am SesaZleblobiT.<br />

rogor fiqrobT, ra aris<br />

saqarTveloSi inglisuri<br />

enis maswavleblebis<br />

mTavari problema<br />

vfiqrob, rom mTavari problema<br />

izolaciaa. inglisuri enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />

profesiuli kontaqtebis<br />

damyareba rTulia, kav-<br />

Sirebi da resursebi ki _ SezRuduli.<br />

xSirad isini Tbilisidan<br />

moSorebul soflebSi cxovroben<br />

da sul mcire, ori saaTi da saSineli<br />

gzis gavla sWirdebaT, raTa<br />

dedaqalaqSi Camovidnen, profesiuli<br />

organizaciebis saqmianoba-<br />

Si CaerTon. profesiuli gamocemebi<br />

maTTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris.<br />

mTavari mizani am izolaciis daZsaqarTvelos<br />

bevr qarTvelze<br />

ukeT icnobs _ ruka misi<br />

`saukeTeso megobaria~,<br />

regionebSi mogzauroba ki _<br />

samsaxureobrivi movaleoba.<br />

aRmoaCina, rom SeiZleba<br />

`marSrutkas~ yuTiT wignebi<br />

gaatano regionSi. aqvs qseroqsi,<br />

interneti da mobiluri<br />

telefoni, e.i. muSaoba SeuZlia.<br />

jorjTaunis universitetisa<br />

da aSS saxelmwifo<br />

departamentis mxardaWeriT<br />

saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da<br />

mecnierebis saministrosTan<br />

TanamSromlobs _ judit<br />

eliotis mizani inglisuri enis<br />

maswavleblebis 2010 wels<br />

dagegmili sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdisTvis momzadebaa.

22<br />

levaa. minda, yvela regionSi erTi<br />

`lideri~ treneri davtovo, romelic<br />

maswavleblebis treningebs<br />

da saTanado resursebiT momaragebas<br />

ganagrZobs, maT TviTorganizebasa<br />

da profesiul zrdaSi<br />

daexmareba.<br />

sagamocdo tests kargad icnobT.<br />

romelia yvelaze rTulad<br />

dasaZlevi davaleba qar-<br />

Tveli maswavleblebisTvis<br />

inglisurenovan qveynebSi Zalian<br />

mniSvnelovania wera. argumentirebuli<br />

eses weras aSS-Si adreuli<br />

asakidan, 11-12 wlidan vaswavliT.<br />

aq mTavari struqturaa. qarTveli<br />

maswavleblebisTvis aseTi eses<br />

wera ar uswavlebiaT. sxvaTaSoris,<br />

amave problemas wavawydi ruseT-<br />

Sic. es aris Cemi mTavari gamowveva<br />

_ adamians sxvanairad weras<br />

ver aswavli erT dReSi, erTi treningze.<br />

sacdelma testebma<br />

aCvena, rom maswavleblebs werisa<br />

da smeniTi aRqmis unarebis ganviTarebis<br />

TvalsazrisiT yvelaze<br />

metad sWirdebaT daxmareba.<br />

inglisuri enis Seswavlis<br />

msurvelebis raodenoba saqarTveloSi<br />

sakmaod didia.<br />

mSoblebis didi nawili ki<br />

upiratesobas kerZo gakve-<br />

Tilebs aniWebs. aqvT Tu ara<br />

inglisuri enis maswavleblebs<br />

sakmarisi mxardaWera<br />

skolebis administraciebis<br />

mxridan<br />

skolebSi ar vyofilvar, Tumca<br />

maswavleblebs Sevxvdi da kiTxvarebis<br />

Sevsebac vTxove. bevrma<br />

mipasuxa, rom skolaSi ar aqvT<br />

audio-magnitofonebi, rac seriozuli<br />

problemaa.<br />

Tumca arc ise rTulad<br />

gadasaWreli problema...<br />

gorSi Sevxvdi maswavleblebs, romlebsac<br />

smeniTi unarebi Zalian kargad<br />

hqondaT ganviTarebuli. rodesac<br />

vkiTxe, rogor moaxerxes<br />

maT Sedegis miRweva, mipasuxes, audio-magnitofonis<br />

gamoyenebiTo.<br />

moswavleebisgan akrifes 50-50<br />

TeTri, Tavadac daumates Tanxa<br />

da ase SeiZines. audio-teqnikis<br />

gamoyeneba Tavad pedagogebisTvisac<br />

Zalian mniSvnelovania. dgas<br />

kidev erTi problema: Tanamedrove<br />

saxelmZRvaneloebi iyideba, magram<br />

Tan ar axlavs CD, romelic, rogorc<br />

wesi, wigns mohyveba. magnitofonisa<br />

da audio-savarjiSoebis<br />

gamoyenebis gareSe rTulia smeniTi<br />

aRqmisa da metyvelebis unaris<br />

ganviTareba. im Sedegis gamosworeba<br />

ki, rac maT gamouyeneblobas<br />

mohyveba, did dros moiTxovs.<br />

regionebSi mogzaurobisas SevniSne:<br />

iq, sadac erTi an ori wlis<br />

manZilze mSvidobis korpusis<br />

inglisurenovan TanamSromleb-<br />

Tan hqondaT kontaqti, enis codnis<br />

done gacilebiT maRalia.<br />

mSvidobis korpusis moxaliseebi,<br />

rogorc wesi, regionebSi muSaoben.<br />

enobriv garemosTan Sexeba<br />

adamianebis enTuziazms zrdis,<br />

metyvelebis unars aviTarebs.<br />

sxva qveynebSi muSaobis<br />

gamocdilebac gaqvT.<br />

SegiZliaT SeadaroT<br />

saqarTvelos da Tundac<br />

serbeTis specifika<br />

yvela qveyanas ganviTarebis sakuTari<br />

gza da gansxvavebuli etapebi<br />

aqvs. saqarTveloSi Camosvlamde<br />

vladivostokSi vmuSaobdi<br />

sami weli, iqamde ki _ tajikeTsa<br />

da serbeTSi. am evropul qveyana-<br />

Si uamravi inglisurenovani skolaa<br />

da yvelas unda inglisuris<br />

swavla. ganaTlebis seqtorSi evropuli<br />

standartis dasakmayofileblad<br />

aq didi xnis win daiwyes<br />

muSaoba. saxelmwifo sertificireba<br />

saqarTveloSi swored amitom<br />

aris mniSvnelovani _ am gziT<br />

qveyana evropis standartebs unda<br />

dauaxlovdes. axla saqarTvelo im<br />

etapzea, romelic serbeTSi ukve<br />

gaiares. sertificireba xarisxis<br />

gaumjobesebis winapirobaa.<br />

rogor fiqrobT, unda aisaxos<br />

Tu ara sertificireba<br />

maswavleblebis xelfasze<br />

vfiqrob, rom maswavleblebs unda<br />

hqondeT motivacia _ ar vici, ram<br />

SeiZleba Seqmnas aseTi stimuli,<br />

es saministros gadasawyvetia. Tu<br />

gvinda, rom isini evropul standarts<br />

akmayofilebdnen, saWiroa<br />

stimulirebis programis amoqmedeba.<br />

Tqveni SefasebiT, rogoria<br />

prognozi: maswavleblebis<br />

ra nawili SeZlebs<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdis<br />

warmatebiT Cabarebas<br />

prognozireba rTulia, radgan es<br />

damokidebuli iqneba gamsvlel<br />

qulaze, romelic me jer ar vici.<br />

pasuxismgebelma pirebma unda gadawyviton,<br />

ra iqneba gamsvleli<br />

qula _ 100-dan 75, 65 Tu 50.<br />

gaiCineT megoberebi<br />

mogzaurobisas<br />

saqarTveloSi pirvelad 1992<br />

wels Camovedi, rogorc moxalise<br />

arqeologi da amis Semdeg aTi<br />

wlis manZilze yovel zafxuls<br />

aq vatarebdi. aqamde saqarTvelo<br />

weliwadis sxva dros ar menaxa.<br />

axla SemiZlia vTqva, rom<br />

aRfrTovanebuli var am qveynis<br />

silamaziT da mravalferovnebiT.<br />

seqtemberSi aucileblad Caval<br />

svaneTSi kidev erTxel. iq maswavleblebs<br />

davalebebi miveci:<br />

inglisur enaze dRiuri unda<br />

awarmoon. davpirdi, rom Tu<br />

davalebas Seasruleben, seqtemberSi<br />

saCuqrad inglisurqarTul<br />

leqsikons Cavutan.

konkursi<br />

N3, 2009 23<br />

gamarjvebulebi<br />

Jurnali `maswavlebeli~ werilebis konkursSi<br />

gamarjvebul maswavleblebs ajildoebs<br />

Jurnal `maswavleblis~ konkursSi gamarjvebulebs<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris direqtorma<br />

sofo gorgoZem bakur sulakauris gamomcemlobisa da<br />

sazogadebrivi mauwyeblis mier dawesebuli saCuqrebi 12 ivniss<br />

gadasca. Tbilisis 74-e sajaro skolis maswavlebels,<br />

Tea daTunaSvilsa da sofel kormaRalis sajaro skolis<br />

maswavlebels, nunu sarjvelaZes maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />

ganviTarebis centris gamocemebic gadaecaT. konkursi<br />

`maswavleblis~ 2009 wlis pirvel nomerSi gamocxadda da mas<br />

Semdeg redaqciam uamravi werili miiRo. madlobas vuxdiT yvela<br />

maswavlebels, vinc sakuTari gamocdileba gagviziara. TqvenTan<br />

TanamSromlobis imedi momavalSic gvaqvs.<br />

`maswavlebeli~ Tqveni Jurnalia!<br />

Tea daTunaSvili<br />

Tbilisis 74-e sajaro skolis<br />

inglisuri enis maswavlebeli:<br />

konkursisTvis warvadgine<br />

namuSevari `Cems klasSi<br />

rTuli bavSvia~. mec myavda<br />

aseTi moswavle. SemiZlia<br />

dabejiTebiT vTqva, rom<br />

intensiuri muSaobis Sedegad<br />

bavSvi sociumSi davabrune da<br />

amiT Zalian<br />

,,<br />

vamayob~.<br />

Cems klasSi rTuli bavSvia<br />

`saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi direqciam<br />

gamomicxada, rom me-5 klasis<br />

damrigeblad apirebdnen Cems daniSvnas.<br />

damwyebi pedagogi var, magram<br />

mainc sixaruliT davTanxmdi.<br />

swavlis dawyebidan erTi kvirac<br />

ar iyo gasuli, rom klasSi Tavi<br />

iCina axal-axalma konfliqtebma.<br />

erTi moswavle mudmivad ekamaTeboda<br />

megobrebsa da maswavleblebs.<br />

biWunas ded-mama erTmaneTs<br />

dascilda da is agresiiT gamoxatavda<br />

arsebuli realobisadmi<br />

sakuTar protests.<br />

vgrZnobdi, rom biWuna damoukideblad<br />

ver SeZlebda sazogado-

24<br />

ebaSi adgilis damkvidrebas _ rac<br />

SeiZleba, swrafad unda meRona<br />

rame.<br />

Cemi sadamrigeblo programis farglebSi,<br />

speqtaklebis dadgma davgegme.<br />

biWunas roli SevTavaze da<br />

man uaryofiTi personaJi airCia.<br />

yoveli speqtaklis Semdeg mSoblebTan<br />

erTad vmsjelobdiT personaJebze.<br />

vadgendiT uaryofiTi<br />

gmiris dadebiT gmirad gardaqmnis<br />

saSualebebs, xmas vaZlevdiT<br />

speqtaklis personaJebs _ moswavleTa<br />

absolutur umravlesobas<br />

dadebiTi gmirebi moswonda.<br />

pirvel speqtaklSi biWunam mglis<br />

roli Seasrula: mas cxra patara<br />

Tikani unda moetaca. speqtaklis<br />

Semdeg gamimxila, rom Tavisi<br />

personaJi Zalian moswonda da<br />

kvlav uaryofiTi personaJis<br />

gansaxiereba surda. erT TveSi<br />

cvlilebebi SevniSne: mas aRar<br />

moswonda uaryofiTi gmirebi.<br />

cdilobda, klaselebTan naklebad<br />

agresiuli yofiliyo, aRar<br />

Cxubobda, TiTqmis yvelas<br />

daumegobrda, kiTxvebs mSvidi<br />

intonaciiT pasuxobda da<br />

saSinao davalebebsac ukeT<br />

asrulebda~.<br />

rogor gavxadoT<br />

gakveTili saintereso<br />

(amonaridi)<br />

`radgan mravalferovneba saswavlo<br />

garemos `amdidrebs~, moswavlis<br />

miRwevas, rogori mciredic<br />

ar unda iyos is, mainc vafaseb.<br />

ardadegebis Semdeg maT sxvadasxva<br />

davalebas vaZlev, axali saswavlo<br />

wlis dawyebisas ki gakve-<br />

Tili im interviuebiT iwyeba, romlebic<br />

klasis gazeTisTvis<br />

gvWirdeba. moswavleebis muSaobis<br />

amsaxvel momentebs fotoaparatiT<br />

vafiqsireb. klasgareSe RonisZieba<br />

xels uwyobs klasis Sekrulobas,<br />

amitomac xSirad vgegmav<br />

mas. aseve dadebiTad moqmedebs<br />

moswavleebze SromiT saqmianobaze<br />

aqcentis gadatana, mSoblebTan<br />

kontaqti, romlebic saskolo<br />

da arasaskolo RonisZiebebis<br />

CatarebaSi mexmarebian.<br />

moswavleebs vaZlev sxvadasxvagvar<br />

davalebebs, vTxov xedebis an<br />

sayvareli adgilebis warmosaxviT<br />

aRweras. am dros mTavari improvizaciaa.<br />

isini xataven geografiul<br />

rukas, qmnian warmosaxviT<br />

kunZuls, qveyanas, pirobiT<br />

nunu sarjvelaZe<br />

sofel kormaRalis sajaro<br />

skolis dawyebiTi klasebis<br />

maswavlebeli<br />

,,<br />

16 welia, skolaSi<br />

vmuSaob. wardgenili<br />

namuSevriT mravalwliani<br />

gamocdileba gavuziare<br />

kolegebs. aRvwere is, rasac<br />

Cems praqtikaSi aqtiurad<br />

viyeneb~.<br />

niSnebs. jgufTan erTad mini-koncertebsac<br />

vgegmav. saklaso oTax-<br />

Si vqmni azrovnebis kults, viyeneb<br />

Sesabamis terminologias,<br />

cnebebs (hipoTeza, mtkicebuleba,<br />

argumenti da a.S) _ es patarebs<br />

moazrovneebis imijs uyalibebs.<br />

Temis an sulac gakveTilis bolos<br />

erToblivad vakeTebT plakats an<br />

TvalsaCinoebas. viyeneb teqnikur<br />

saSualebebs, yvela saswavlo resurss.<br />

sistematurad vmuSaob<br />

sakuTar Tavze.<br />

gakveTilis bolos moswavleebi<br />

furclebze komentarebs weren:<br />

rogori iyo es gakveTili, ras<br />

urCevdnen maswavlebels... es yvelaferi<br />

gakveTilis dagegmvisas<br />

maTi interesebis gaTvaliswinebaSi<br />

mexmareba. cota xnis win er-<br />

Tad gavakeTeT plakati „matarebliT<br />

kiTxvareTSi~, sadac<br />

sadgurebze gzadagza gvxvdeba<br />

kiTxvebi, gzis gagrZelebis<br />

saSualeba ki mxolod pasuxis<br />

gacemisas gveZleva da ase<br />

mivdivarT finiSamde. aq yvelas<br />

Tanabari uflebebi gvaqvs~.

RKFCB<br />

N2, 2009 25<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

I aqtivoba (5 wT.)<br />

gonebrivi ieriSi _ rogor fiqrobT,<br />

SemoTavazebuli masalidan<br />

gamomdinare, romeli eqsperimenti<br />

unda CavataroT (kvlevisaTgakveTilis<br />

Tema:<br />

qimiuri elementebi - epoqa da lavuazie<br />

maswavleblebi: nino kupraSvili, maia TodaZe, irina koWlamazaSvili<br />

Tbilisis qarTuli saswavlo centri, GLC<br />

integrirebuli sagnebi: qimia, istoria, ist<br />

swavlebis safexuri da klasi: sabazo-saSualo, X klasi<br />

gakveTilis saswavlo miznebi:<br />

sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebis<br />

popularizacia da moswavleebSi<br />

interesis gaRviveba, motivaciis<br />

amaRleba;<br />

mosmenis, msjelobis da diskusiis,<br />

sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />

logikuri da kritikuli azrovnebis,<br />

sakuTari azris gamoTqmis<br />

unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />

istoriuli epoqis gancdisa da<br />

interpretaciis unari;<br />

erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT<br />

gansazRvruli misaRwevi Sedegi:<br />

sakuTar da literaturaSi arsebul<br />

monacemebs, akeTebs<br />

daskvnebs;<br />

X.13.moswavle aRwers kavSirs niv-<br />

TierebaTa agebulebasa da<br />

Tvisebebs Soris _ cdis (#2)<br />

Catarebis safuZvelze gansaz-<br />

Rvravs nivTierebaTa qimiur<br />

Tvisebebs da maT cvlilebebs;<br />

X.1 aanalizebs da afasebs erTi da<br />

imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebul<br />

interpretaciebs<br />

_ msjelobs im faqtebze, romlebmac<br />

ganapiroba konkretuli<br />

movlenis gansxvavebuli<br />

interpretaciebis arseboba;<br />

ayalibebs sakuTar Sexedulebas<br />

pirovnebis Sesaxeb;<br />

ganicdis istoriul epoqas;<br />

sworad iyenebs ist-is saSualebebTan<br />

urTierTqmedebis, Setanagamotanis<br />

mowyobilobebs, am sa-<br />

Sualebebis warmatebiT funqcionerebisTvis;<br />

afasebs da efeqturad<br />

iyenebs ist-is sferoSi arsebul<br />

siaxleebs (axali programuli<br />

uzrunvelyofa) da resursebs<br />

mis winaSe dasmuli amocanis Sesabamisad.<br />

Tanmimdevroba<br />

(aqtivoba da dro)<br />

X.2. moswavle obieqtis an movlenis<br />

Sesaswavlad moipovebs<br />

monacemebs cdis saSualebiT;<br />

X.3. moswavle obieqtis an movlenis<br />

Sesaswavlad moipovebs monacemebs<br />

uSualo dakvirvebiT<br />

da sainformacio wyaroebidan;<br />

X.5. moswavle iviTarebs Sefasebis,<br />

analizis da problemebis<br />

gadaWris unars _ adarebs

26<br />

RKFCB<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

vis aucilebeli masala da aRWurviloba<br />

momzadebulia)<br />

II aqtivoba (5 wT.)<br />

maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: rogor<br />

iwyeba xis burbuSelis wva<br />

ra kondensirdeba civ sagnebze ra<br />

rCeba wvis Sedegad sad midis gamoyofili<br />

kvamli moswavle dafaze<br />

gamosaxavs kiTxvebze pasuxs,<br />

miiRebs Zveli berZeni filosofosis<br />

mier aRweril oTx stiqias,<br />

elements: haeri, cecxli, wyali da<br />

miwa. daasabuTebs, Tu ratom aris<br />

literaturaSi empedokles cda<br />

(wva) aRwerili rogorc pirveli<br />

qimiuri analizi.<br />

III aqtivoba (7 wT.)<br />

kompiuteruli saswavlo programis<br />

`TvalsaCinoebis principis realizeba<br />

qimiis saswavlo proces-<br />

Si~ gamoyenebiT, Seadareben kvlevis<br />

Zvel Sedegebs da imsjeleben Tanamedrove<br />

kvlevebsa da Sedegebze;<br />

gaixseneben elementebis klasifikaciis<br />

sqemebs.<br />

IV aqtivoba(2 wT.)<br />

saSinao davalebis Cabareba: maswavlebeli<br />

sTxovs moswavleebs, gadascen<br />

baraTebi, sadac maTi interesebidan<br />

gamomdinare aRniSnulia<br />

literaturaSi maT mier mopovebuli<br />

axali qimiuri elementebis<br />

112-116, 118 savaraudo saxelwodebebi:<br />

ununbiumi _ 112,<br />

ununoqtiumi _ 118.<br />

V aqtivoba (10 wT.)<br />

mini leqcia _ `stiqiidan elementebamde;<br />

a. lavuazies axali qimiuri<br />

nomeklatura~. rogor fiqrobT,<br />

berZnuli anbanis romeli asoebiT<br />

Sedga sityva `elementi~ romeli<br />

elementebia: `cecxlovani haeri~,<br />

`mxuTavi haeri~, `wvadi haeri~,<br />

`wvadi miwa~ `eTanxmebiT Tu ara<br />

mosazrebas, rom samyaros sawyisi<br />

oTxi stiqiaa: miwa, wyali, haeri,<br />

cecxli; romelma mecnierma SeZlo<br />

daemtkicebina, rom elementi da<br />

qimiuri naerTi sxvadasxva cnebebia<br />

man Tavisi kvlevebiTa da eqsperimentebiT<br />

moaxdina `revolucia<br />

qimiaSi~ _ romelma mecnierma<br />

miiRo aseTi Sefaseba da ratom<br />

pararelurad dafaze iqmneba da<br />

nabij-nabij ivseba sqema a. lavuazies<br />

damsaxurebis Sesaxeb.<br />

VI aqtivoba (13 wT.)<br />

istoriis maswavlebeli mouTxrobs<br />

moswavleebs im epoqis Taviseburebebis<br />

Sesaxeb, romelSic cxovrobda<br />

lavuazie. man gaacno moswavleebs<br />

ist-is gamoyenebiT a. lavuazies<br />

biografia. aRniSna, rom<br />

igi iyo deputati, generaluri gadasaxadebis<br />

saaqcionero sazogadoebis<br />

wevri, konstituciuri monarqiis<br />

momxre. giliotinaze gayvanamde<br />

misi bolo sityva: `respublikas<br />

ar sWirdeba qimikosebi!~<br />

da a. lavuaziesaTvis wayenebuli<br />

braldebebi.<br />

sadiskusio kiTxvebi: unda gamxdariyo<br />

Tu ara a. lavuazie saqmiani<br />

adamiani Tqven rogor moiqceodiT<br />

ratom iyo a. lavuazie konstituciuri<br />

monarqiis momxre ramdenad<br />

marTebulad migaCniaT respublikuri<br />

mTavrobis mier lavuazies<br />

sikvdiliT dasja rogor axsniT<br />

lavuazies bolo sityvebs, `respublikas<br />

ar sWirdeba qimikosebi!~<br />

VII aqtivoba (3 wT.) _ `gamosamSvidobebeli<br />

cda~ (#2)<br />

qimiis kursis daskvniT gakveTilze<br />

moswavle romelic msvlelobisas<br />

nakleb aqtiuri iyo atarebs cdas<br />

(#2), KClO 3<br />

+P, romelic susti, magram<br />

moulodneli afeTqebiT mimdinareobs.<br />

cdis mizania wvis procesis<br />

demonstrireba, romlis Sedegadac<br />

moswavleebi miiReben informacias<br />

Jangbadis rolze wvis procesSi.<br />

Sefaseba (3 wT.)<br />

10 quliT Sefasda 5 moswavle: isini<br />

Catarebuli cdebis safuZvelze<br />

sworad xsnidnen da qimiuri<br />

formulebis saSualebiT gamosaxavdnen<br />

realur Sedegebs. amJRavnebdnen<br />

faqtebSi sworad garkvevisa<br />

da paralelebis gavlebis unars.<br />

8-9 quliT Sefasda 3 moswavle:<br />

isini msjeloben cdis Sedegebze,<br />

gamosaxaven qimiuri formuliT,<br />

magram hqondaT xarvezebi. 5 quliT<br />

Sefasda 2 moswavle: maT uWirT<br />

yuradRebis mobilizeba.<br />

saganmanaTleblo resursebi,<br />

teqnika da instrumentebi _ gakveTilze<br />

gamoyenebuli iyo 10 kompiuteri,<br />

dafa, feradi markerebi,<br />

Stativi, sinjara, faifuris jami,<br />

spirtqura da reaqtivebi.<br />

informaciis wyaroebi:<br />

dilis saymawvilo enciklopedia.<br />

wigni XIV, qimia m. gverdwiTeli,<br />

2006 w.<br />

Îñíîâíûå çàêîíû õèìèè. Ð. Äèêåðñîí,<br />

1982 ã.<br />

istoria X klasi. z. kiknaZe da sxv.<br />

2006 w.<br />

istoria X klasi. n. asaTiani da<br />

sxv. 2007 w.<br />

eleqtronuli (kompiuteruli)<br />

programebi da resursebi:<br />

1. `TvalsaCinoebis principebis<br />

realizeba qimiis saswavlo procesSi~<br />

(programis demo versia)<br />

2. www.wikipedia.org<br />

3. www.alhimik.ru

N2, 2009 27<br />

sasertifikacio gamocda<br />

ucxouri enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />

(davalebebis nimuSebi)<br />

gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxo enebis jgufis xelmZRvanelis,<br />

iva mindaZis ganmartebebi ixileT gv. 6<br />

meTodikis nawili<br />

davaleba: miusadageT moswavleTa aqtivobebi (1-3) davalebis Sesabamis miznebs (A-E). yovel aqtivobas<br />

mxolod erTi mizani Seesabameba. ori mizani zedmetia.<br />

moswavleTa aqtivoba<br />

davalebis mizani<br />

1. moswavleebi msjeloben ucxour enaze maswavleblis<br />

mier mocemuli Temis irgvliv.<br />

2. moswavleebi weren Txzulebas, romelSic iyeneben<br />

maswavleblis mier winaswar mocemul<br />

oTx sityvas.<br />

3. maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs sityvebis<br />

ganmartebebs (mxolod ganmartebebs, sityvebis<br />

gareSe). moswavleebi teqstSi pouloben<br />

sityvebs da usadageben maT Sesabamis ganmartebas.<br />

A. konteqstze dayrdnobiT sityvebis mniSvnelobis<br />

dadgena<br />

B. ucnobi leqsikis sworad gamoyeneba<br />

C. gacnobiTi kiTxvis unaris ganviTareba<br />

D. moswavleTa zepiri (Tavisufali) metyvelebis<br />

unaris ganviTareba<br />

E. enobrivi struqturebis swavleba<br />

@<br />

pasuxebi CawereT qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi:<br />

@<br />

swori pasuxebi:<br />

1 2 3<br />

1 2 3<br />

D B A<br />

Secdomebis gasworeba<br />

davalebis piroba<br />

mocemul teqstSi daSvebulia Secdomebi. yurad-<br />

RebiT waikiTxeT TiToeuli striqoni da masSi<br />

Secdomis povnis SemTxvevaSi, gasworebuli varianti<br />

dawereT amave striqonis bolos, sagangebod<br />

gamoyofil adgilas. iqve miuTiTeT Secdomis<br />

tipi. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu striqonSi Secdoma<br />

ar aris, striqonis bolos dasviT niSani þ.<br />

davalebis aRwera<br />

davalebaSi mocemulia saSualo sirTulis teqsti<br />

an werili, romelic 14 striqonzea moTavsebuli.<br />

pirvel or striqonSi mocemulia magaliTebi. dar-<br />

Cenili 12 striqonidan zog striqonSi Secdomaa<br />

daSvebuli, zogSic _ ara. TiToeul striqonSi erT<br />

Secdomaze meti ar aris daSvebuli.<br />

davalebis moTxovnaa: 1. ipovoT Secdoma da gasworebuli<br />

varianti daweroT striqonis bolos gamoyofil<br />

adgilas; 2. miuTiToT, Tu rogori tipis<br />

Secdomaa daSvebuli; 3. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Secdomas<br />

ver aRmoaCenT, amave striqonis bolos dasvaT niSani<br />

þ. gaxsovdeT, rom qulas iRebT ara mxolod `aRmoCenil~<br />

SecdomaSi da Secdomis tipis dadgenaSi,<br />

aramed `aRmoCenil~ uSecdomo striqonSic. yurad-<br />

Reba miaqcieT imas, rom teqstSi daSvebulia mxolod<br />

gramatikuli (ara leqsikuri an orTogafiuli) Secdomebi.

28<br />

RKFCB<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

Secdomis tipis aRniSvnisas unda isargebloT specialuri<br />

pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebiT (SemoklebebiT).<br />

sxva aRmniSvnelebis gamoyeneba Secdomad iTvleba.<br />

pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebis dazepireba ar aris saWiro,<br />

radganac isini am tipis davalebas Tan axlavs.<br />

davaleba amowmebs maswavleblis unars aRmoaCinos<br />

da gaasworos moswavlis mier daSvebuli Secdoma<br />

da misces Secdomas swori interpretacia.<br />

qvemoT mocemulia am davalebis nimuSi (inglisuri<br />

ena).<br />

In the letter below some lines are correct, but some have a mistake in them. Read each line (15-29) carefully and if you find<br />

a mistake in it, write the correct form at the end of the same line and, next to it indicate the type of the mistake. If the line<br />

has no mistake, write (Ö) at the end of the line.<br />

Write the answers in the answer sheet. Two examples are given.<br />

correction / type of mistake<br />

Dear aunt Rosemary,<br />

Just a quick note to tell you what we have done so far these month. As you know<br />

David is going to buy a car next month and father has decided destroy our old garage<br />

and build a new larger one on its place. We are hiring two workers. They started<br />

to work about a week ago and by yesterday walls of the old garage had already been<br />

knocked down. This must have been done three days since ago but the weather has<br />

been so bad that the workers were not able to finish the work on time. And then,<br />

one of the workers got ill and had to recover. Father has new ideas as always. He is<br />

going to put in a new window in the garage of some fresh air he says. He was also<br />

going to build some shelves inside. He says the garage is going to have a big space<br />

and why not to use it for storing different things. We thinks that this is not a bad idea<br />

actually and David thinks the same. There are cases when we disagree about something<br />

and argue a lot. I am glad this is not the case. Hope to see you soon.<br />

With love, Jannette<br />

0 this<br />

00____ü____<br />

1___________<br />

2___________<br />

3___________<br />

4___________<br />

5___________<br />

6___________<br />

7___________<br />

8___________<br />

9___________<br />

10__________<br />

11__________<br />

12__________<br />

_Agr.__<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

_______<br />

davalebis Sesrulebamde kargad gaecaniT Secdomis tipebis pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebis CamonaTvals standartuli<br />

ganmartebebiTa da magaliTebiT. gaecaniT aseve CamonaTvalis Semdeg mocemul am tipis davalebis<br />

teqnikurad sworad gasworebul nimuSs.<br />

Use the following abbreviations for indicating the type of a mistake<br />

Secdomis<br />

tipis<br />

pirobiTi<br />

aRmniSvnelebi<br />

ganmartebebi da magaliTebi<br />

Ord.<br />

W. miss<br />

Ex. w<br />

Tense<br />

Mood<br />

Voice<br />

Wrong sentence order: winadadebas aqvs araswori wyoba. I met him yesterday -is nacvlad mocemulia: Him I met yesterday.<br />

Word missing: sityvaa gamotovebuli. He decided to read the letter-is nacvlad mocemulia: He decided read the<br />

letter. an: This is an interesting story-is nacvlad mocemulia: This is interesting story.<br />

Exrta word: sitvaa zedmeti. If you are interested in this-is nacvlad mocemulia: If you are be interested in this....<br />

Wrong tense: arasworia gramatikuli dro. I have seen her twice this week-is nacvlad mocemulia: I saw her twice this week.<br />

Wrong mood: arasworia kilo. If he did this job he would be paid well-is nacvlad mocemulia: If he does this job, he<br />

would be paid well. an: I have seen her twice this week-is nacvlad mocemulia: I saw her twice this week.<br />

Wrong voice: arasworia gvari. The building was repaired last year-is nacvlad mocemulia: The building repaired last<br />

year.

N2, 2009 29<br />

Agr.<br />

Prep.<br />

Art.<br />

Adj.<br />

Degr.<br />

Pron.<br />

Mod.<br />

VF<br />

Wrong noun-verb agreement. OR: any other kind of agreement in person and number: arasworia SeTanxmeba<br />

saxelsa da zmnas Soris. Tennis and swimming are his favourite sports-is nacvlad mocemulia: Tennis and swimming<br />

is his favourite sport. an: These are our children-is nacvlad mocemulia: This are our children.<br />

Wrong preposition: arasworia windebuli. I look forward to seeing you-is nacvlad mocemulia: I look forward for seeing you.<br />

Wrong article: Secdomaa artiklis gamoyenebaSi. This is the house we want to buy-is nacvlad mocemulia:<br />

This is a house we want to buy.<br />

An adjective used instead of an adverb or an adverb used instead of an adjective: zedsarTavi gamoyenebulia<br />

zmnizedis magivrad an zmnizeda gamoyenebulia zedsarTavis magivrad. He is smart enough-is nacvlad<br />

mocemulia: He is smartly enough. an: He speaks English fluently-is nacvlad mocemulia: He speaks English fluent.<br />

Wrong degree of an adjective or an adverb: gamoyenebulia zmnizedis anzedsarTavis araswori xarisxi.<br />

He is the most talanted actor I’ve ever seen-is nacvlad mocemulia: He is the more talanted actor I’ve ever seen. an: He speaks<br />

English better than his brother-is nacvvlad mocemulia: He speaks English good than his brother.<br />

Wrong pronoun: arasworia nacvalsaxeli. I met Tina and Nick and wished them a happy marriage-is nacvlad<br />

mocemulia: I met Tina and Nick and wished him a happy marriage.<br />

Wrong modal verb: arasworia modaluri zmna.Yesterday was Sunday, so it must be Monday today-is nacvlad<br />

mocemulia Yesterday was Sunday, so it may be Monday today..<br />

Wrong verb form (incorrect use of infinitive, gerund and participle): arasworia zmnis forma (Secdomaa<br />

infinitivis, gerundivis da mimReobis gamoyenebaSi). He enjoys watching soap operas-is nacvlad mocemulia:<br />

He enjoys to watch soap operas.<br />

zogierTi Secdomis tipis sworad miTiTebis mizniT,<br />

yuradReba miaqcieT Semdegs:<br />

1. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac erT Secdomas orgvari<br />

interpretacia SeiZleba mieces. mag. winadadebaSi:<br />

This is new film ar aris artikli (a new…). es<br />

Secdoma SeiZleba daxasiaTdes, rogorc: W. miss (sityvaa<br />

gamotovebuli), an rogorc Art. (Secdomaa artiklis<br />

gamoyenebaSi). aseT SemTxvevebs, mieciT calsaxa<br />

interpretacia da miuTiToT mxolod W. miss.<br />

igive exeba iseT Secdomebs, rogorebicaa mag., I look<br />

forward seeing you. (to seeing-is magivrad). am SemTxvevaSic<br />

miuTiTeT Secdomis tipi W. miss, ara Prep.<br />

2. teqstSi zedmeti sityvis arsebobis yvela Sem-<br />

Txveva, imisda miuxedavad, Tu metyvelebis romeli<br />

nawilia es sityva (noun, verb, adj, etc.), kvalificirdeba,<br />

rogorc Ex. w (sityvaa zedmeti) tipis Secdoma. ase-<br />

Ti sityva gamogvaqvs da imis miTiTebis mizniT, rom<br />

igi teqstSi zedmetia, vxazavT jvaredinad. (mag.:<br />

himself).<br />

mniSvnelovania, rom davaleba teqnikurad sworad<br />

SeasruloT, anu daSvebuli Secdomis tipis is pirobiTi<br />

aRmniSvnelebi gamoiyenoT. qvemoT mocemulia<br />

analogiuri davalebis Sesrulebis mcire nimu-<br />

Si.<br />

correction / type of mistake<br />

Nick has lived in Spain since 2000. He has been married to Jane since four years.<br />

They first met in Madrid where they both were spending their summer holidays. It is<br />

love at first sight! They have lived in central Madrid for four years now. They feel<br />

happy there. Nick runs a small hotel business. They saved lot of money in last year,<br />

so they are planning to go on a trip to Paris. Both of them speak Spanish fluent, but<br />

they feel they have to learn French as well.<br />

___Ö___<br />

___for___<br />

___was___<br />

___Ö___<br />

___a___<br />

___in___<br />

_ fluently_<br />

_______<br />

__Prep.__<br />

__Tense__<br />

_______<br />

__W.miss__<br />

__Ex. w__<br />

__Adj.__

30<br />

RKFCB<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

praqtikuli savarjiSoebi<br />

skolis moswavleebSi socialuri unar-Cvevebis gasaviTareblad<br />

(mogvawoda giorgi gaxelaZem, erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris,<br />

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis eqspertma)<br />

savarjiSo `erToblivi naxati~ (10 wT)<br />

mizani: moswavleebi gaecnon ormxrivi sargeblianobis<br />

strategias; gansazRvron TanamSromlobis aucilebloba.<br />

Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli yofs jgufs<br />

`pirvel~ da `meore~ wyvilebad.<br />

igi cal-calke aZlevs maT instruqciebs ise, rom erTmaneTis<br />

davalebis Sesaxeb bavSvebma araferi ician.<br />

instruqcia `pirvel wyvils~: `Tqveni mizania katis<br />

daxatva~. instruqcia `meore wyvils~: `Tqveni mizania<br />

saxlis daxatva~.<br />

maswavlebeli svams pirvel da meore wyvils erTad.<br />

TiToeul jgufs aZlevs erT furcelsa da erT fanqars.<br />

afrTxilebs moswavleebs, rom swored am pirobebSi<br />

unda ganaxorcielon dasaxuli miznebi.<br />

rogorc ki TiToeuli wyvili mohkidebs xels saer-<br />

To fanqars, maswavlebeli acnobebs maT, rom savarjiSos<br />

dawyebis droa. igi iqve afrTxilebs moswavleebs,<br />

rom maT gankargulebaSi mxolod 5 wuTia. daniSnuli<br />

drois gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs<br />

bavSvebs, namuSevrebi dafaze miamagron.<br />

Semdeg igi msurvelebs sTavazobs, upasuxon<br />

dasmul SekiTxvebs:<br />

moaxerxeT davalebis Sesruleba<br />

rTuli savarjiSo iyo<br />

Tqven romeli gza airCieT davalebis Sesasruleblad<br />

rogor fiqrobT, davalebis Sesasruleblad Tqveni<br />

arCeuli gza saukeTesoa<br />

sxva gza ar giZebniaT<br />

maswavlebeli msurvelTagan Tavad SearCevs mopasuxeebs<br />

da dafaze miuTiTebs sakvanZo sityvebs. is<br />

5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi miRebul pasuxebs ajamebs da<br />

xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom Zalian xSirad adamianebs<br />

uwevT sirTuleebis erTad daZleva da amisTvis<br />

mniSvnelovania urTierTdaxmareba _ TanamSromloba.<br />

savarjiSo `sazRvari~ (10 wT)<br />

mizani: moswavleebi gaecnon ormxrivi sargeblianobis<br />

strategias; gansazRvron TanamSromlobis<br />

aucilebloba; gamoiyenon komunikaciis efeqturi<br />

xerxebi.<br />

Catarebis procedura: savarjiSos dawyebamde maswavlebeli<br />

saklaso oTaxis Tavisufal areSi grZeli,<br />

msubuqi joxebiT iatakze qmnis gamyof `sazRvars~.<br />

Semdeg igi moswavleebs awyvilebs da sTxovs mewyvileebs,<br />

rom `sazRvris~ mopirdapire mxares dadgnen.<br />

maswavlebeli bavSvebs uxsnis wesebs: `TiToeuli<br />

Tqvenganis mizania, mewyvile Tqvens mxares gadaiyvanoT.<br />

saubari akrZalulia. savarjiSo iwyeba da sruldeba<br />

maSin, roca niSans mogcemT... yvela sxva saSualeba<br />

nebadarTulia. gaqvT mxolod 5 wuTi~. instruqciis<br />

micemis Semdeg maswavlebeli rwmundeba, rom<br />

moswavleebi sworad ganlagdnen da aZlevs maT dawyebis<br />

niSans.

N2, 2009 31<br />

numartavs maT, rom fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba akr-<br />

Zalulia, xolo nebismieri sxva xerxi miznis misaRwevad<br />

nebadarTulia. amisaTvis maT eZlevaT mxolod 1 wuTi.<br />

daniSnuli drois gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebTan<br />

erTad ganixilavs savarjiSos Sedegebs.<br />

jer sTxovs xelis awevas maT, vinc SeZlo mewyvilis<br />

muStis gaxsna.<br />

mere sTxovs xelis awevas maT, vinc ver SeZlo mewyvilis<br />

muStis gaxsna.<br />

daTqmuli drois gasvlisTanave is aZlevs Sewyvetis<br />

niSans da acnobebs moswavleebs, rom axla ganixilaven<br />

miRebul Sedegs.<br />

maswavlebeli svams qvemoT moyvanil SekiTxvebs<br />

da maTze pasuxis misaRebad SerCeviT asaxelebs<br />

sxvadasxva msurvels.<br />

vin miaRwia mizans<br />

Tqven ra xerxs mimarTeT miznis misaRwevad<br />

ras grZnobdiT savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros<br />

rogor fiqrobT, yovel Tqvengans SeeZlo miznis<br />

miRweva ratom<br />

maswavlebeli ajamebs savarjiSos Sedegebs da xazs<br />

usvams, rom erT problemas SeiZleba bevri mizezi<br />

hqondes da misi mogvarebisas mniSvnelovania arsebuli<br />

viTareba/garemoebebi, erTmaneTis interesebis<br />

gaTvaliswineba da TanamSromlobis survili.<br />

Semdeg igi svams SekiTxvas: maTgan, vinc SeZlo mewyvilis<br />

muStis gaxsna, vis SeuZlia gviCvenos, Tu rogor<br />

moaxerxa es<br />

erT-erTi wyvili warmoudgens klaselebs Tavis Sedegs.<br />

axla maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: rogor fiqrobT,<br />

ratom moxda, rom zogma moaxerxa savarjiSos Sesruleba,<br />

zogma ki _ vera<br />

Semdeg maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvebs, riTic moswavleebs<br />

ubiZgebs interesebsa da pozicias Soris<br />

gansxvaveba ufro mkafiod dainaxon. kerZod: ra iyo<br />

mTavari maTTvis, vinc ar gaxsna muSti (erTi pasuxi<br />

Tavad aseTi moswavlisgan, erTi misi mewyvilisgan<br />

_ miniSneba poziciaze); ra iyo mTavari maTTvis, vinc<br />

gaxsna muSti (erTi pasuxi Tavad aseTi moswavlisgan,<br />

erTi misi mewyvilisgan _ miniSneba interesze);<br />

savarjiSo `gaxseni muSti~ (10 wT)<br />

mizani: interesebsa da pozicias Soris gansxvavebis<br />

Cveneba; molaparakebebis warmoebis mravalferovnebis<br />

Cveneba; molaparakebis dros interesebze dayrdnobis<br />

upiratesobis gamovlena.<br />

masala: didi formatis qaRaldi, fanqrebi/markerebi,<br />

skoCi.<br />

Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli yofs moswavleebs<br />

wyvilebad.<br />

Semdeg TiToeuli mewyvile muSts kravs.<br />

maswavlebeli ganmartavs, rom TiToeuli moswavlis mizania,<br />

misi mewyvilis Sekruli muStis gaxsna. igi ga-

32<br />

RKFCB<br />

praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

savarjiSos bolos maswavlebeli klass usvams SekiTxvas:<br />

riT gansxvavdeba interesi poziciisgan<br />

maswavlebeli dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxebs CainiSnavs<br />

didi formatis qaRaldze an dafaze winaswar<br />

momzadebul cxrilSi:<br />

Sedegi mizezi _ maTTvis mTavari iyo<br />

Tu klasi Secdeba, maswavlebeli bavSvebs `daajarimebs~<br />

(mag: 1 wuTi adgilze xtunviT).<br />

maswavlebeli usvams SekiTxvebs moswavleebs:<br />

am savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros vin miaRwia mizans<br />

ris gamo<br />

am savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros vin moqmedebda<br />

poziciaze dayrdnobiT vin moqmedebda interesze<br />

dayrdnobiT<br />

vinc ar gaxsna muSti<br />

vinc gaxsna muSti<br />

roluri TamaSi `sad gavataroT<br />

SabaT-kvira~ da Sejameba (15 wT)<br />

savarjiSo `darwmunebis niWi~ (5 wT)<br />

mizani: moswavleebi iswavlian gansxvavebas poziciasa<br />

da interess Soris; maT ganuviTardebaT argumentirebuli<br />

msjelobis unari.<br />

masala: asanTis 2 kolofi, feradi qaRaldis patara<br />

furceli.<br />

Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli iZaxebs or<br />

moswavles da TiToeul maTgans aZlevs asanTis kolofs.<br />

mxolod erTSi devs patara feradi furceli.<br />

maswavlebeli afrTxilebs orive moswavles, rom Cumad<br />

gaxsnan sakuTari kolofebi, naxon da kvlav daxuron.<br />

igi uxsnis gamoZaxebul moswavleebs, rom TanmimdevrobiT,<br />

TiTo wuTis ganmavlobaSi maT Tavisi<br />

msjelobiT (da araviTar SemTxvevaSi, kolofis CvenebiT)<br />

unda daumtkicon danarCen Tanaklaselebs, rom<br />

swored maT kolofSi devs feradi furceli.<br />

msjelobis Sewyvetis Semdeg maswavlebeli mimar-<br />

Tavs klass, rom saerTo SeTanxmebiT daasaxelon<br />

moswavle, romlis kolofSic namdvilad devs feradi<br />

furceli. amisTvis igi aZlevs maT erT wuTs.<br />

mizani: moswavleebi praqtikulad gamoiyeneben Se-<br />

Zenil codnas; gamoimuSaveben molaparakebisTvis<br />

saWiro unar-Cvevebsa da metyvelebas, rac daexmareba<br />

maT yoveldRiuri konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebasa<br />

Tu marTvaSi.<br />

Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs<br />

moswavleebs molaparakebis safuZvlebsa da etapebs.<br />

Semdeg igi sTavazobs maT, gaiTamaSon ojaxuri scena:<br />

saRamos ojaxis wevrebi msjeloben, rogor gaataron<br />

erTad dasvenebis dRe.<br />

maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, rom gaTamaSebis-<br />

Tvis saWiroa 5 moxalise da maT eqnebaT 10 wuTi.<br />

moxaliseebis mier gaTamaSebul scenas akvirdebian<br />

danarCeni moswavleebi da maswavleblis TxovniT,<br />

rveulebSi iniSnaven sakuTar pasuxebs Semdeg kiTxvebze:<br />

ra interesebi da poziciebi hqonda `ojaxis~ Ti-<br />

Toeul wevrs<br />

ra gza airCies maT SeTanxmebisTvis<br />

moaxerxes Tu ara maT SeTanxmebis miRweva<br />

ram Seuwyo (an SeuSala) xeli ojaxis wevrebis molaparakebas

problema<br />

N3, 2009 33<br />

danaSauli da sasjeli<br />

skolaSi<br />

`skola da sasjeli~ yovelTvis iseTi Tema iyo, romelic<br />

azrTa sxvadasxvaobas iwvevda. ratom an ra formiT unda<br />

daisajos moswavle saerTod, unda arsebobdes Tu ara<br />

skolaSi sasjeli _ am sakiTxebisadmi damokidebuleba<br />

msoflios yvela qveyanaSi gansxvavebulia.<br />

gasakviri ar aris, rom es problema kidev ufro<br />

aqtualuria saqarTveloSi, romelic arcTu didi xnis win<br />

daemSvidoba avtoritarul pedagogikas.<br />

,,<br />

Tamar kacitaZe,<br />

eka qevaniSvili<br />

skolis arasapatio mizeziT<br />

gacdena, dagvianeba, gakveTilis<br />

CaSla, gakveTilis TviTneburi<br />

mitoveba, maswavleblis, moswavlis<br />

an skolis sxva TanamSromlis<br />

sityvieri an fizikuri Seuracxyofa,<br />

plagiarizmi, vandalizmi<br />

_ skolis qonebis Segnebuli<br />

dazianeba Tu gafuWeba, skolis<br />

teritoriaze Zaladoba, qurdoba,<br />

iaraRis da asafeTqebeli niv-<br />

Tierebis qona, narkotikisa da<br />

alkoholis moxmareba, vaWroba,<br />

agreTve sisxlis samarTlis iseTi<br />

danaSaulebebi, rogoricaa: qurdoba,<br />

iaraRis da asafeTqebeli<br />

nivTierebis qona; narkotikisa da<br />

alkoholis moxmareba, vaWroba<br />

_ 2007 wels miRebuli `moswavle-<br />

Ta qcevis kodeqsis~ mixedviT, es<br />

is gadacdomebia, romlis gamoc,<br />

SesaZloa, moswavles disciplinuri<br />

saxdeli daekisros.<br />

Tamar taliaSvili, ilia WavWavaZis<br />

saxelmwifo universitetis ganaTlebis<br />

fakultetis dekani: `Tu skolaSi disciplina<br />

ar aris, saswavlo procesi<br />

CaiSleba. Cven demokratia<br />

da demokratiuli faseulobebi<br />

arasworad gvesmis. demokratia<br />

udidesi pasuxismgeblobaa, es ki<br />

ratomRac aravis axsovs. moswavle<br />

ise unda gaizardos, rom Tavidanve<br />

igrZnos pasuxismgebloba.<br />

mozardis cnobierebaSi faseulobebis<br />

Camoyalibeba unda moxdes.<br />

xSirad amboben, adre moswavle<br />

maswavlebels amdens ver gaubedavdao.<br />

droa gavacnobieroT,<br />

rom adre Tavad saxelmwifo iyo<br />

avtoritaruli da maSindeli<br />

axalgazrdebis moTxovnilebebi<br />

ar iyo iseTi mravalferovani,<br />

rogoric dRes aris. dRevandelma<br />

axalgazrdebma Tavisuflebis sio<br />

igrZnes, magram sworad ar esmiT,<br />

ras niSnavs igi. maswavleblis gineba<br />

ar aris Tavisufleba. Tu<br />

moswavle ase iqceva, es pedagogis,<br />

skolis direqciis ojaxis saer-<br />

To problemaa. saskolo reformis<br />

arsi moswavlis, maswavleblis<br />

da mSoblis urTierTTanamSromlobaa.<br />

pedagogi unda flobdes<br />

im meTodebs, romlebic moswavlis<br />

qmedebis prevencias isaxavs<br />

miznad. ukidures SemTxvevaSi,<br />

Tu bavSvi asocialuria,<br />

dasjis meqanizmic muSaobs.<br />

dasja ganixileba kompleqsurad<br />

_ dasja ara dasjisaTvis, aramed<br />

imisTvis, rom bavSvma gaacnobi-<br />

maswavlebelma<br />

mSoblebTan<br />

seriozulad unda<br />

imuSaos, radgan<br />

moswavlesTan<br />

urTierTobis<br />

daregulireba<br />

SeuZlebelia, Tu<br />

ojaxSic ar aris<br />

Sesabamisi<br />

RonisZiebebi<br />

gatarebuli.<br />

,,

34<br />

eros, Tu ratom daisaja. mas unda<br />

esmodes, rom sasjeli aris<br />

samarTliani da am samarTlianobis<br />

gasacnobiereblad unda imu-<br />

Saos yvelam erTad _ maswavlebelma,<br />

aRmzrdelma, mSobelma, fsiqologma<br />

da ase Semdeg. pedagogma<br />

unda icodes, rogor gamoiyenos<br />

sanqciebis kodeqsi. maswavlebeli<br />

Tu sanqcias angariSsworebis<br />

mizniT iyenebs, es damRupvelia~.<br />

disciplinuri sasjelis sakiTxs<br />

skolaSi moswavleTa qcevis kodeqsi,<br />

skolis eTikis kodeqsi da<br />

Sida ganawesi aregulirebs. Sesabamisad,<br />

im sasjelis zoma da<br />

formac, romelic SesaZloa moswavles<br />

daekisros, am dokumentebiTaa<br />

gawerili. yvela sxva saxis<br />

dasja dauSvebelia. amasTan,<br />

mSobeli da moswavlec konkretul<br />

skolaSi arsebuli disciplinuri<br />

sasjelis Sesaxeb informirebuli<br />

unda iyos.<br />

sazogadoebrivi jandacvis da<br />

medicinis ganviTarebis fondis<br />

warmomadgeneli, bavSvTa fsiqologi<br />

qeTevan TavarTqilaZe ixsenebs<br />

SemTxvevebs, rodesac maswavleblebi<br />

treningze sruli seriozulobiT<br />

svamdenen SekiTxvebs:<br />

„bavSvi Tu aSavebs, yuri ar<br />

unda avuwio ar unda wavuTaqo<br />

ar unda davsajo~ fsiqologis<br />

azriT, sasjeli unda arsebobdes,<br />

magram es ar unda iyos Zaladoba.<br />

aRzrdis principebi moicavs rogorc<br />

dasjas, ise Seqebas. unda<br />

vicodeT, ratom vsjiT bavSvs _<br />

mTavari is ki ar aris, ris gamo<br />

vsjiT, aramed ra miznisTvis<br />

keTdeba es.<br />

„dedaCemi SarSan rvajer daibares<br />

skolaSi. mgoni, samocjer var<br />

gakveTilidan gagdebuli, Selaparakebac<br />

xSirad momdis erT-erT<br />

maswavlebelTan, romelic egreve<br />

nervebze iSleba da yvirils<br />

iwyebs. mere mec ar vuTmob xolme,<br />

imitom, rom ojaxis lanZRvaze<br />

gadadis. arc davuTmob... ra<br />

wesia, mSoblebs ro exeba. kidev<br />

kargi, xeliT Sexebas ver bedavs~,<br />

_ ambobs 14 wlis vaxo k.<br />

`wina semestrSi ramdenime bavSvi<br />

cudad moiqca _ tualeti moarecxines<br />

da kedlebis gawmenda daavales.<br />

moswavleebs kuTxeSi xSirad<br />

ayeneben an gareT yrian. ufro<br />

xSirad biWebi iqcevian cudad.<br />

xandaxan maswavleblebi moswavleebs<br />

xeliTac exebian, Tmebis mowiwkvna<br />

da msgavsi rameebic xdeba.<br />

me mgonia, raRac zRvari unda arsebobdes<br />

moswavles da maswavlebels<br />

Soris. wynarad agvixsnan da<br />

yvela gaigebs. dartymebi da<br />

gareT gagdebebi ar unda iyos,~<br />

_ gviTxra 14 wlis gogonam.<br />

bavSvebis mosazrebas iziareben<br />

mSoblebic: `Cemi azriT, dasjis<br />

garkveuli formebi skolaSi unda<br />

arsebobdes _ es bavSvebis qcevaze<br />

gavlenas axdens. magaliTad, Cemi<br />

gogona ramdenjerme gamouSves<br />

skolidan imis gamo, rom forma ar<br />

ecva da saWiro wignebi ar hqonda.<br />

amis Semdeg igi yovelTvis mowesrigebuli<br />

dadis. Tumca, dasjis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, yovelTvis vigeb, ratom<br />

dasajes bavSvi da ramdenad<br />

samarTliani iyo sasjeli. ra<br />

Tqma unda, maswavleblis mxridan<br />

fizikur an sityvier Seuracxyofas<br />

verasodes Seveguebi. aseTi<br />

SemTxveva jerjerobiT arc gvqonia,<br />

Tumca, vici rom zogierTi<br />

maswavlebeli am meTods iyenebs~,<br />

_ ambobs maia boWoriSvili.<br />

qeTevan TavarTqilaZe, fsiqologi:<br />

„Cven vsjiT bavSvs, raTa vaswavloT,<br />

ra aris kargi da ra _ cudi,<br />

mxolod maSin, roca sxva resursiT<br />

amas ver mivaRwieT. magram<br />

dasja ar unda vnebdes bavSvis<br />

arc fizikur, arc fsiqikur<br />

janmrTelobas. es unda xdebodes<br />

misi damcirebis gareSe. mas<br />

unda vuTxraT, rom cudad moiqca<br />

da ara is, rom igi aseTi cudia.<br />

unda vuTxraT, rom sizarmace<br />

gamoiCina da ara is, rom zarmacia.<br />

Tu maT vsjiT imisTvis,<br />

rom vaCvenoT, Cven ra `magrebi~<br />

varT da maTze Zalaufleba movipovoT,<br />

es Zaladobaa da Sedegs<br />

verasodes moitans. SeaqeT moswavleebi,<br />

rodesac amas imsaxureben<br />

da nu dainaxavT mxolod<br />

cud mxareebs. araviTar SemTxvevaSi<br />

ar unda davsajoT bavSvi<br />

Sromis an swavlis dozebis momatebiT.<br />

mas SesZuldeba erTic da<br />

meorec. arsebobs ufro martivi<br />

gamosavali: ar SevusruloT romelime<br />

survili _ magaliTad,<br />

eqskursiaze wasvlaze vuTxraT<br />

uari. is Seecdeba, momavalSi<br />

ukeTesi gaxdes~.

N3, 2009 35<br />

mozrdilis rolSi. igi imyofeba<br />

mSoblis, anu mentoris rolSi _<br />

mimTiTeblis, damsjelis, erTpirovnuli<br />

Zalauflebis mqone personis<br />

rolSi. aseTi urTierToba<br />

produqtiuli arasdros iqneba.<br />

urTierToba maSin aris Sedegiani,<br />

dasja Zalian pirobiTi cnebaa.<br />

rodesac bavSvi cudad iqceva,<br />

maswavleblebma damatebiT Ronis-<br />

Ziebebs unda mimarTon mSobleb-<br />

Tan, mere ki orive mxarem erToblivad<br />

_ moswavleebTan, anu Cven<br />

unda `davisajoT~ da meti viSromoT<br />

bavSvebTan urTierTobaSi~.<br />

dasjasTan mimarTebaSi azrTa<br />

sxvadasxvaoba arsebobs, Tumca<br />

eqspertTa erTi nawilis mtkicebiT,<br />

bolo periodSi aSkarad<br />

ikveTeba, rom wamaxalisebeli<br />

meTodebiT moswavleTa qcevis<br />

marTva gacilebiT efeqtur<br />

Sedegs iZleva. skolebSi dasjis<br />

winaaRmdegia fsiqologi nana CaCua.<br />

`pirvel rigSi, unda ganvsazRvroT,<br />

ra moiazreba dasjaSi. dasjis<br />

mizani unda iyos is, rom bav-<br />

SvSi gaaCinos adekvaturi damokidebuleba<br />

movlenebis mimarT,<br />

anu gazardos pasuxismgebloba<br />

sociumTan mimarTebaSi. dasjis<br />

is meTodebi, romlebic adreul<br />

periodSi skolaSi gvxdeboda (maT<br />

zogjer dResac mimarTaven): fizikuri<br />

da sityvieri Seuracxyofa,<br />

niSnis dakleba, gakveTilidan ga-<br />

Zeveba, mSoblebTan dasmena, skolidan<br />

gagdeba da ase Semdeg, miuTiTebis<br />

imaze, rom maswavlebeli<br />

saWiro meqanizms ver poulobs. is<br />

ver axerxebs, bavSvi mozrdilis<br />

rolSi Seiyvanos da ver zrdis<br />

masSi pasuxismgeblobas, radgan<br />

Tavad maswavlebeli ar imyofeba<br />

pedagogma unda<br />

icodes, rogor<br />

gamoiyenos<br />

sanqciebis kodeqsi.<br />

Tu maswavlebeli<br />

sanqcias<br />

angariSsworebis<br />

mizniT iyenebs, es<br />

,,<br />

damRupvelia.<br />

,,<br />

Tu adamianebs Soris distancia<br />

ki ar izrdeba, aramed mcirdeba.<br />

rac ufro uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs<br />

maswavleblebi da moswavleebi<br />

fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiT,<br />

cxadia, urTierTobac gacilebiT<br />

produqtiulia.<br />

ra aris aseTi urTierTobebis<br />

meqanizmebi _ ramdenad vicnob<br />

me Cems Tavs, rogorc pedagogi<br />

da ramdenad vicnob bavSvs. Tu<br />

vicnob sakuTar Tavs da misi mar-<br />

Tva SemiZlia, Tu vici, ra interesebi,<br />

problemebi da moTxovnebi<br />

aqvs bavSvs, maSin Cven gaxsnili<br />

urTierToba gvaqvs da igi aucileblad<br />

produqtiuli iqneba.<br />

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Sedegs<br />

ver mivaRwevT. pedagogoba, upirveles<br />

yovlisa, aris is, rom maswavlebels<br />

hqondes rogorc ma-<br />

Rali kvalifikacia im saganSi,<br />

romelsac aswavlis, aseve icodes<br />

fsiqologia. zemoT CamoTvlili<br />

dasjis arcerTi meTodi ar<br />

Seesabameba am moTxovnas da<br />

sruliad miuRebelia.<br />

disciplinuri sasjelis meTodebze<br />

saubrisas eqspertebi amboben,<br />

rom sasurvelia skolaSi<br />

waxalisebis mravalferovani<br />

meTodebis arseboba, ara mxolod<br />

moswavlis, aramed mTeli klasis<br />

dadebiTi qcevis waxalisebis<br />

mizniTac. aseTi meTodebis gamoyeneba<br />

xels uwyobs saklaso er-<br />

Tobis Seqmnas da gansakuTrebiT<br />

efeqturia dawyebiT da sabazo<br />

safexurze. skolaSi aseve unda<br />

arsebobdes dasjis SeTanxmebuli<br />

pirobebi da formebi. mTavaria,<br />

rom isini pedagogiuri TvalsazrisiT<br />

iyos gamarTlebuli da<br />

ar ewinaaRmdegebodes bavSvTa<br />

uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso<br />

konvencias da adamianis uflebebis<br />

damcvel sxva fundamentur<br />

dokumentebs.

36 novatorebi<br />

erTi gakveTili<br />

or enaze<br />

manana xidaSeli<br />

qvemo qarTlSi bilingvuri swavlebis danergva daiwyes.<br />

marneulis me-2 sajaro skolis moswavleebi mSobliurTan<br />

erTad saxelmwifo enasac iTviseben.<br />

lia TuSuri<br />

marneulis me-2 sajaro skolis<br />

pirvelklaselebs dRes fizkultura<br />

qarTulad utardebaT. gakveTils<br />

ormagi datvirTva aqvs:<br />

moswavleebma, sxeulis gavarji-<br />

SebasTan erTad, naTesaobiTi<br />

brunva unda gaiTavison. saamisod<br />

pedagogma elza sixaruli-<br />

Zem TamaSi `visi suli gsurs~ Sear-<br />

Cia. or gundad dayofili bav-<br />

Svebi erTmaneTis pirispir dganan.<br />

erT-erTi moTamaSe mowinaaRmdege<br />

gunds ekiTxeba: `visi<br />

suli gsurs~ `malxazis suli,<br />

ninos suli, nargilasi, afikis...~,<br />

_ pasuxoben iqidan. am TamaSs isini<br />

gasul kvirasac TamaSobdnen,<br />

oRond rusulad. 45 wuTis<br />

Semdeg bavSvebis umravlesoba<br />

naTesaobiTi brunvis formebs<br />

srulyofilad iyenebs.<br />

ukve mesame welia, am skolaSi orenovani,<br />

anu bilingvuri swavleba<br />

mimdinareobs. maTematika, buneba,<br />

fizkultura, Sroma da sim-<br />

Rera bavSvebs jer rusul, Semdeg<br />

ki qarTul enaze utardebaT.<br />

dawyebiT klasebSi bilingvuri<br />

swavlebis specialistma, pedagog-

N3, 2009 37<br />

ma maia biwuraZem maTematikis<br />

gakveTilze Jestebic moiSvelia.<br />

zepiri angariSis dros plius-minusis,<br />

tolobis da met-naklebobis<br />

niSnebs bavSvebi JestebiT<br />

warmoadgenen. maTi daxmarebiT<br />

wrewirs, wrfes, samkuTxeds,<br />

oTxkuTxeds da mruds mTeli<br />

klasi xSirad erTad asaxierebs.<br />

meore klaselebisTvis es<br />

fizikuri gantvirTvac aris.<br />

ufrosklasebSi ki qarTuli sim-<br />

Reris gakveTilebi sargeblobs<br />

didi popularobiT. moswavleebi<br />

aTobiT qarTul simReras asruleben,<br />

romlis Sinaarsic srulfasovnad<br />

esmiT. gansakuTrebuli<br />

siamovnebiT isini aWarul simRerebs<br />

mRerian. msubuqi aqcenti,<br />

romelic maT saubrisas emCnevaT,<br />

simReris dros aRar igrZnoba.<br />

qvemo qarTlSi bilingvur swavlebas<br />

safuZveli me-2 sajaro skolis<br />

direqtorma, lia TuSurma<br />

Cauyara.<br />

lia TuSuri, marneulis me-2 sajaro<br />

skolis direqtori: `2004 wels monawileoba<br />

miviRe ganaTlebis saministros<br />

konkursSi _ `momavali<br />

iwyeba dRes~. konkursis mizani<br />

erovnuli umciresobebiT kompaqturad<br />

dasaxlebul regionebSi<br />

saxelmwifo enis swavlebis xarisxis<br />

amaRleba iyo. maSin sadaxlos<br />

pirvel sajaro skolaSi<br />

gamgzavnes. im periodSi qarTul<br />

enas kviraSi sami saaTi eTmoboda.<br />

aRmoCnda, rom aseTi sixSiriT<br />

da arsebuli saxelmZRvaneloebiT<br />

swavlebas Sedegi ar hqonda.<br />

pirvelad iq movsinjeT da fizkulturis,<br />

xatvis, Sromis da xelgarjilobis<br />

gakveTilebs qarTulad<br />

vatarebdiT. am gakveTilebisTvis<br />

gamoyofili dro kvira-<br />

Si 9-10 saaTs aRwevda. mogvianebiT<br />

swavlebis es meTodi maTematikaSic<br />

davnergeT. mere es eqsperimenti<br />

adgilobrivi resurscentris<br />

xelmZRvanels gavacani.<br />

idea Zalian moewona da qalaq marneulis<br />

oc skolaSi bilingvuri<br />

swavleba SemoviReT. aseTi tipis<br />

swavlebisas erT sagans ori maswavlebeli<br />

sWirdeba. TiToeuli<br />

sagani kviraSi orjer mSobliur<br />

enaze tardeba, raTa axali masalis<br />

axsna bavSvebisTvis gasageb<br />

enaze moxdes. mere ki mSobliur<br />

enaze mosmenil masalas bavSvebi<br />

qarTulad imeoreben. ukve sami<br />

welia, am eqsperiments vakvirdebiT<br />

da aRmoCnda, rom bilingvur<br />

klasebSi konkretuli sagnis<br />

moswreba gacilebiT maRalia.<br />

bilingvuri meTodi axla biologiaSi,<br />

fizikasa da qimiaSi gvinda,<br />

movsinjoT. ukve sami Tvea, specialisti<br />

masawavleblebs treningebs<br />

utarebs. ramdenime Tvis<br />

win CavatareT kvleva, romel<br />

gakveTilze iswavles bavSvebma<br />

ufro meti axali sityva. aRmoCnda,<br />

rom yvelaze advilad sityvebs<br />

simReris dros imaxsovreben.<br />

bilingvuri swavlebis dros saxelmZRvanelos<br />

didi mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs. magaliTad, maTematikis<br />

wigns ise vadgenT, rom amocanaSi<br />

miTiTebuli sityvebi bavSvs qar-<br />

Tulad hqondes naswavli. azerbaijanulsa<br />

da qarTulSi 800-mde saer-<br />

To sityvaa, aqedan 400 intensiur<br />

xmarebaSia. amas Tu saerTaSoriso<br />

sityvebs davumatebT _ telefoni,<br />

televizori da sxva, gamodis, rom<br />

pirvelklaseli aTasamde qarTul<br />

sityvas flobs. TiToeuli gakve-<br />

Tilis masalis Sedgenisas saerTo<br />

sityvebs varCevT, magaliTad:<br />

baliSi, albomi, gemi, ialqani,<br />

amanaTi saaTi...<br />

am regionSi mSoblebs didi survili<br />

aqvT, bavSvebs saxelmwifo<br />

ena aswavlon. es skola Tavidan

38<br />

rusuli iyo da kontingenti dRiTi<br />

dRe mcirdeboda. bilingvuri swavlebis<br />

danergvis Semdeg ki moswavleebi<br />

sxva raionebidanac dadian.~<br />

saqarTveloSi mravalenovani anu<br />

multilingvuri swavleba 2006<br />

wels euTos mxardaWeriT, Sveicarulma<br />

organizacia `simeram~<br />

ganaxorciela. proeqti, romlis<br />

saxelwodebaa `mravalerovani<br />

ganaTleba~, or welze iyo gawerili.<br />

mis farglebSi 140-mde maswavlebeli<br />

da eqsperti gadamzadda.<br />

multilingvuri swavlebis<br />

pilotireba samcxe-javaxeTis da<br />

qvemo qarTlis im regionebSi moxda,<br />

romlebic erovnuli umciresobebiT<br />

kompaqturadaa dasaxlebuli.<br />

masSi 12 sajaro skola da<br />

580 pirvelklaseli da meoreklaseli<br />

moswavle CaerTo. eqspertebis<br />

SefasebiT, es proeqti<br />

warmatebuli aRmoCnda.<br />

2008 wels ki ganaTlebis saministrom<br />

multilingvuri swavlebis<br />

ufro farTod danergva gadawyvita.<br />

euTos erovnuli umciresobebis<br />

umaRlesi komisariatis<br />

dafinansebiT, saqarTveloSi Camosulma<br />

eqspertebma specialuri<br />

koncefcia SeimuSaves. koncefcias,<br />

romlis saxelwodebaa `samoqalaqo<br />

integracia multilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />

saSualebiT~, Tan eqvswliani<br />

samoqmedo gegma axlavs.<br />

rusudan Wanturia, ganaTlebis<br />

saministros samoqalaqo integraciis<br />

programebis koordinatori: `adre samoqalaqo<br />

integraciis mxardasaWerad<br />

ganaTlebis saministro saxelmwifo<br />

enis Seswavlaze iyo<br />

orientirebuli. axla ki ZiriTadi<br />

aqcenti multilingvur ganaTlebaze<br />

keTdeba.<br />

saministros mravalenovani swavlebis<br />

eqvswliani gegma aqvs. Tu<br />

rogor moxdeba misi ganxorcieleba,<br />

TiToeul skolazea damokidebuli.<br />

saministro programebis<br />

SesamuSaveblad maT nimuSebsa<br />

da instruqciebs miawvdis, gaacnobs<br />

saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas.<br />

programas ki Tavad skola<br />

SeimuSavebs, romelsac dasamtkiceblad<br />

saministros warudgens.<br />

proeqtis farglebSi gaTvaliswinebulia<br />

400 maswavleblis gadamzadeba,<br />

regulaciebis da registraciis<br />

meqanizmebis SemuSaveba,<br />

organizaciuli unar-Cvevebis<br />

gaZliereba multilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />

gansaxorcieleblad, skolebisTvis<br />

damatebiTi saswavlo<br />

masalebis momzadeba, multilingvur<br />

swavlebaze sazogadoebis<br />

informirebulobis gasazrdelad<br />

proeqtebis ganxorcieleba,<br />

sainformacio bukletebis da<br />

broSurebis momzadeba da sxva.<br />

saqarTveloSi amJamad 409 araqarTulenovani<br />

skolaa. multilingvuri<br />

swavlebis pilotireba<br />

ki 40 araqarTulenovan skolaSi<br />

daiwyo.<br />

programis mixedviT, erovnuli<br />

saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis<br />

centri multilingvuri swavlebis<br />

programebis nimuSebs zogadi<br />

ganaTlebis yvela safexurisTvis<br />

SeimuSavebs. aseve moamzadebs<br />

saxelmZRvaneloebs da damatebiT<br />

saswavlo masalebs, romlebic<br />

araqarTulenovan skolebSi<br />

darigdeba.~<br />

multilingvuri ganaTleba, erovnuli<br />

umciresobebis warmomadgenel<br />

moswavleebs ganaTlebis<br />

rogorc mSobliur, aseve saxelmwofo<br />

enaze miRebis saSualebas<br />

aZlevs. mSobliur enaze ganaTlebis<br />

miReba maT sakuTari inteleqtualuri<br />

SesaZleblobebis<br />

srulfasovnad gamovlenisTvis<br />

sWirdebaT. saxelmwifo enis<br />

codna ki sazogadoebaSi integraciisa<br />

da SromiT bazarze dasaqmebisTvisaa<br />

aucilebeli. mravalenovani<br />

ganaTlebis ZiriTadi<br />

upiratesoba isaa, rom igi xels<br />

uwyobs interkulturuli Cvevebis<br />

Camoyalibebas da tolerantobis<br />

ganviTarebas, rac mravaleTnikur<br />

qveyanaSi mSvidobiani<br />

sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis<br />

winapirobaa.

interviu<br />

N3, 2009 39<br />

naira gelaSvili:<br />

`Tu skola ar Seicvala...~<br />

saaTi bavSvsa da skolaze fiqrobs.<br />

sxvagvarad araferi gamogiva.<br />

nato ingoroyva<br />

es amonaridia naira<br />

gelaSvilis moTxrobidan<br />

`Cveneba~. saukeTeso miniSneba<br />

da saCvenebeli gakveTilia<br />

maswavleblebisTvis. TiTqos<br />

mweralma amiT maT yvelaferi<br />

uTxra.<br />

gifiqriaT odesme, rom<br />

SesaZloa maswavlebeli<br />

yofiliyaviT<br />

mTeli cxovrebis manZilze, skolis<br />

asakidan mokidebuli, maswavleblis<br />

profesias yvelaze rTul<br />

profesiad aRviqvamdi. dRes,<br />

miTumetes, gadawyvito maswavlebloba<br />

da am saqmes bolomde mihyve<br />

_ es samoqalaqo gmirobaa.<br />

TandaTanobiTi swavlebis procesi<br />

Zalian rTulia. me amas verasdros<br />

SevZlebdi. warmoidgineT,<br />

ramden bavSvTan gixdeba ur-<br />

TierToba. TiToeuli maTgani<br />

mTeli samyaroa da faqizi, individualuri<br />

midgoma sWirdeba.<br />

TiToeulze cal-calke unda<br />

ifiqro. samuSao dro mxolod<br />

skolaSi yofnis droiT ar amoiwureba,<br />

maswavlebeli lamis 24<br />

skolis maswavlebelTan erTad<br />

moviazreb sabavSvo baRis aRmzrdelsac.<br />

skola da baRi mWidrod<br />

aris dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan.<br />

ojaxis Semdeg es ori umniSvnelovanesi<br />

mikrosamyaroa, sadac<br />

yalibdeba bavSvis cnobiereba,<br />

romlis Secvlac mere Tu SeuZlebeli<br />

ara, Zalian Znelia.<br />

Tqveni drois skola rogori<br />

gaxsovT maswavleblebma<br />

Tu icodnen, rom werdiT<br />

saSualo skolidan gamyva mxolod<br />

erTaderTi maswavlebelis<br />

namdvili siyvaruli da ramdenime<br />

maTganis pativiscema. kargi maswavlebeli<br />

Cems droSic iSviaToba<br />

iyo. skola ar miyvarda, koSmarad<br />

damrCa, da dResac, roca im<br />

Senobisken Cavla mixdeba, misken<br />

ar vixedebi. da es imitom ara, rom<br />

iq raRac gansakuTrebuli eqscesebi<br />

xdeboda, ubralod, tipiuri<br />

sabWoTa skola iyo, aTeisturad<br />

usulgulo da aranamdvili.<br />

im dros ar vwerdi. SeiZleba, didi,<br />

didi, erTi-ori leqsi mqonoda daj-<br />

Rabnili. erTma maswavlebelma, romelmac<br />

gaigo Cemi „poetobis~ Sesaxeb,<br />

leqsis dawera SemikveTa. erT<br />

cnobil poets uwyobdnen Sexvedras<br />

da skolas undoda, mowafis<br />

SemoqmedebiT Tavi moewonebina.<br />

mec avdeqi da raRac, im poetis<br />

ganmadidebeli davwere. rogorc<br />

maxsovs, didi sisulele gamovida.<br />

es iyo Cemi pirveli da ukanaskneli<br />

SemoqmedebiTi kompromisi,<br />

rac sxvaTa Soris, Zalian usiamovnod<br />

maxsendeba xolme.<br />

dRevandel skolaze ras<br />

ityviT<br />

naira gelaSvili,<br />

mwerali, filologi-germanisti,<br />

mTargmneli, publicisti,<br />

saqarTvelos kulturul<br />

urTierTobaTa centris,<br />

`kavkasiur saxlis~ xelmZRvaneli<br />

,<br />

mTeli cxovrebis<br />

manZilze, skolis<br />

asakidan mokidebuli,<br />

maswavleblis<br />

profesias yvelaze<br />

rTul profesiad<br />

aRviqvamdi. dRes,<br />

miTumetes, gadawyvito<br />

maswavlebloba<br />

da am saqmes<br />

bolomde mihyve _<br />

es samoqalaqo<br />

gmirobaa.<br />

,,

40<br />

skolasTan Sexeba mqonda, rogorc<br />

mSobels, roca Cemi gogona swavlobda<br />

da axlac maqvs, rogorc<br />

bebias: Cemi SviliSvili moswavlea.<br />

bevri araferi Secvlila. Tu ar<br />

CavTvliT imas, rom zog skolaSi,<br />

Tundac iq, sadac Cemi Svili swavlobda,<br />

moswavlisa da maswavleblis<br />

urTierToba ufro uSualo,<br />

bunebrivi da saxaliso gaxda. maswavlebeli<br />

moswavles daumegobrda.<br />

oRond arasaintereso saxelmZRvaneloebisa<br />

da susti maswavleblebis<br />

problema isev umTavresia.<br />

pedagogika Zalian rTuli<br />

sferoa. mas uWkvianesi adamianebi<br />

qmidnen. is erTdroulad gulisxmobs<br />

codnas da swavlebis xelovnebas.<br />

maswavlebeli SemoqmedebiTi,<br />

artistuli pirovneba unda<br />

iyos. miT ufro dRes, roca<br />

interesi swavlisa da wignisadmi<br />

ukiduresad daqveiTebulia. wignsa<br />

da cocxal bunebas xom kompiuteri<br />

da televizori Caenacvla.<br />

amiT bavSvis fsiqika arnaxuli<br />

wnexis qveS moeqca... kompiuterica<br />

da televiziac narkotikebadaa<br />

qceuli, aseTi doziT da aseTi<br />

SinaarsiT isini yvelas fsiqikas<br />

asaxiCreben. da isedac, Cvens<br />

televiziebs xom arc adamianisaTvis<br />

sasikeTo koncefcia gaaCniaT,<br />

arc idea da arc morali.<br />

Tumca, es mxolod Cveni qveynis<br />

problema ar aris. Cemi germaneli<br />

megobrebi, maT Soris, upirveles<br />

yovlisa, skolis maswavleblebi<br />

aRniSnaven, rom interneti da<br />

televizori mowafisa da maswavleblis<br />

ubedurebad iqca.<br />

dRes maswavlebels iseTi xelSewyoba<br />

sWirdeba, rogorc arasdros.<br />

saxelmwifom pirdapir xelis gulze<br />

unda ataros kargi pedagogebi:<br />

skolis maswavleblebi Tu sabav-<br />

Svo baRis aRmzrdelebi. dRes xom<br />

gansakuTrebulad rTuli bavSvebi<br />

modian. didi Tanxa unda Caidos<br />

maswavlebelTa momzadebasa<br />

da maTi kvalifikaciis amaRleba-<br />

Si. maswavlebeli ganuxrelad unda<br />

ivsebdes da iaxlebdes codnas,<br />

bevrs kiTxulobdes. unda arsebobdes<br />

Zalian kvalificiuri, patara<br />

komisia, romelic gansazRvravda<br />

im axal mxatvrul Tu samecniero<br />

literaturas, romelic<br />

aucileblad unda aiTvisos maswavlebelma.<br />

skolis biblioTekebi<br />

unda mudam maragdebodes<br />

aseTi literaturiT. Semdeg regularulad<br />

unda xdebodes maswavlebelTa<br />

testireba, saukeTesoTa<br />

finansuri da yvelanairi waxaliseba.<br />

ra kargi iqneboda, imis<br />

SesaZlebloba rom arsebobdes,<br />

rom maswavlebeli sxva qveynis<br />

pedagogiur gamocdilebas im<br />

qveyanaSi gaecnos. ganaTlebaSi<br />

Cadebuli Tanxa xom momavlis<br />

Senobis mTavari aguria.<br />

erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT<br />

gaTvaliswinebuli sagnebis<br />

garda, ras unda aswavlides<br />

skola rogor vaswavloT<br />

mozards tolerantoba, adamianis<br />

uflebebis pativiscema,<br />

moqalaqeobrivi pasuxismgebloba<br />

roca mTlianad moSlilia aRzrdis<br />

sistema da visac rogor unda,<br />

ise zrdis Svilebs, am viTarebaSi<br />

maswavlebelze uzomod didi<br />

datvirTva modis.<br />

bavSvebis araswori aRzrdis Sedegia<br />

swored verSemdgari saxelmwifo,<br />

agresia gansxvavebuli religiisa<br />

da nacionalobis mimarT,<br />

politikuri ifantilizmi, ekonomikuri<br />

krizisi da saerTod, yvelanairi<br />

krizisi. es ZiriTadad ojaxebis<br />

marcxia. Sinaganad carieli,<br />

yovelgvari maRali principebisagan<br />

daclili, areuli ojaxebidan<br />

modian adamianebi, romlebic ver<br />

aSeneben qveyanas. mokled rom<br />

vTqva: qveynis fiasko es dedebisa<br />

da maswavleblebis fiaskoa.<br />

sabavSvo baRis, skolisa da umaRlesi<br />

saswavleblis upirvelesi<br />

mizani unda iyos normaluri moqalaqis<br />

aRzrda, romelsac pasuxismgebloba<br />

aqvs aRebuli Tavis<br />

qveyanaze, aqvs profesiuli codna,<br />

kanonierebis SegrZneba da<br />

zneobrivi kodeqsi.<br />

maswavlebeli unda iyos pirovneba,<br />

romelsac endobian da pativs<br />

scemen. man es pativiscema unda<br />

daimsaxuros. amisTvis mxolod<br />

sagnobrivi codna ar aris sakmarisi,<br />

is amavdroulad moswavlis<br />

Tanamoazre da megobari unda gaxdes.<br />

man unda icodes is samyaro,<br />

romelSic misi mowafe cxovrobs.<br />

rogor fiqrobT, mozardebi<br />

kiTxuloben wignebs raime<br />

saidumlo xom ar iciT maTi<br />

wignisken mibrunebisTvis<br />

bavSvebi, mogexsenebaT, arc erT<br />

epoqaSi ar giJdebodnen swavlaze.<br />

gasagebia: gana TamaSi ar jobia<br />

swavlas<br />

magram dRevandel bavSvs swavlisa<br />

da wignisadmi interesi mainc<br />

gansakuTrebulad aqvs daqveiTebuli.<br />

bavSvebs nervebi aRar yofniT,<br />

ar exalisebaT Tavs Zala<br />

daatanon codnis mosapoveblad.<br />

amas mravali mizezi aqvs da yvela<br />

am mizezs fesvi Cveni Zalian<br />

Zneli epoqisa da sinamdvilis<br />

siRrmeSi aqvs gadgmuli.<br />

amitom dRes saxelmZRvanelo gansakuTrebiT<br />

saintereso unda iyos,<br />

rom bavSvs Tavi waakiTxos. ar arsebobs<br />

arasaintereso sagnebi (me<br />

magaliTad, skolaSi yvelanairi<br />

gramatika miyvarda), arseboben<br />

arasaintereso maswavleblebi da<br />

arasaintereso saxelmZRvaneloebi.<br />

samwuxarod, is „axali~ saxelmZRvaneloebi,<br />

rac me minaxavs,<br />

moZvelebuli, droSi CarCenili,<br />

stereotipuli, aracocxali eni-<br />

Taa dawerili. aseTi wigni bavSvs<br />

saerTod SeaZulebs swavlas.<br />

swavla-ganaTlebis udidesi Sedegi<br />

samyaros mimarT daucxromeli<br />

interesis, misdami da yoveli<br />

cocxali arsebisadmi eTikuri<br />

mimarTebis, cocxali azrovnebisa<br />

da cxovrebaSi orientaciis<br />

unaris gamomuSaveba unda iyos.<br />

Tqveni azriT, ratom amTavreben<br />

CvenTan skolas `bavSvebi~, romelTa<br />

didi nawilis nacvlad<br />

profesias mSobeli irCevs<br />

im sazogadoebaSi, sadac aRzrda<br />

arc ician da arc saWirod Tvlian<br />

mis codnas, rogorc wesi, axalgazrdebis<br />

udidesi umravlesoba<br />

infantiluria. an Zalian gvian<br />

aRwevs Sinagan mowifulebas, an<br />

saerTod verasodes xdeba zrdadasrulebuli.

N3, 2009 41<br />

qarTveli mSobeli tradiciulad<br />

Zalian avtoritarulia, yvelaferi<br />

TviTon unda gadawyvitos<br />

da Svilsac gamudmebiT yvelaferi<br />

ukarnaxos. (saerTod, tradiciuli<br />

aRzrda adre mTel msoflioSi<br />

avtoritaruli iyo). bavSvis<br />

mudmivi marTvis survili ki<br />

mas damoukideblobas ukargavs.<br />

es pirvel rigSi exeba biWebs. sakuTar<br />

TavSi daurwmunebeli, pasuxismgeblobis<br />

tarebas miuCveveli,<br />

anu infantiluri adamiani<br />

ki Zalian saSiSia, mas surs sazogadoebasac<br />

da sakuTar Tavsac<br />

Zlierad moaCvenos Tavi, da advilad<br />

mimarTavs iaraRs, an politikuri<br />

Zalauflebisaken iswrafvis,<br />

an, aqaoda, naxeT, ra yoCaRi<br />

varo, wiTel Suqze gaatarebs<br />

manqanas, da saerTod, yvelanairi<br />

wesebis darRvevas cdilobs. sofelSi<br />

gazrdilebs es naklebad<br />

exebaT, radgan bavSvobidanve<br />

fizikuri Sroma uwevT. soflis<br />

tradiciul ojaxebSi bavSvebs<br />

ar anebivrebdnen da ar atutucebdnen,<br />

da biWebic ufro zrdadasrulebulebi<br />

iyvnen da arian. Tumca,<br />

axla soflebSic modebulia<br />

narkomania, rac qveynis saerTo<br />

krizisis Sedegia.<br />

roca mwerloba Tqveni cxovrebis<br />

saqme gaxda, sakuTari<br />

maswavleblebi xom ar giqceviaT<br />

nawarmoebebis persona-<br />

Jebad<br />

Znelia skolis periodze wera. avtobiografiul<br />

romanSi `sarkis natexebi~,<br />

romelSic mozaikuri principiT<br />

aris dalagebuli cxovrebiseuli<br />

epizodebi, maqvs erTi moTxroba<br />

_ `elvis presli, Savi yava da<br />

eklesia~. am moTxrobaSi 60-iani<br />

wlebis sabWoTa skolis damTrgunveli<br />

sinamdvilea asaxuli.<br />

qalbatono naira, ras urCevdiT,<br />

ras SesTavazebdiT<br />

skolasa da maswavleblebs<br />

didma avstrielma mweralma da<br />

moazrovnem, rainer maria rilkem,<br />

20-e saukunis daswyisSi, germanuli<br />

skolis Sesaxeb Tqva, Tu es<br />

skola ar Seicvala, am qveyanas<br />

katastrofa ar ascdebao. ise ke-<br />

Tilad agixdeT yvelaferi, rogorc<br />

es sityvebi axda. germanuli<br />

skola ver Seicvala da misma aRzrdilebma<br />

moitanes pirveli da<br />

meore msoflio omi. Cvenc igive<br />

igive SegviZlia vuTxraT sakuTar<br />

Tavs: Tu ar Seiqmna normaluri<br />

qarTuli skola, es qveyana kidev<br />

mraval gansacdelSi gaebmeba.<br />

rogorc ukve vTqvi, qveynis warumateblobis<br />

mizezi upirvelesad<br />

ojaxSi, sabavSvo baRsa da skolaSi<br />

unda veZioT. saxelmwifom<br />

udidesi resursebi unda gadaisrolos<br />

am mimarTulebiT. sasurvelia,<br />

evropuli sabavSvo baRebisa<br />

da skolebis gamocdilebac<br />

gaviTvaliswinoT.<br />

Cems siaxloveSi mdebare erT sabavSvo<br />

baRs vakvirdebi xolme.<br />

mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi dRedaRam<br />

imas axmaren drosa da energias,<br />

rom wlis bolos saCvenebeli<br />

koncerti Caataron mSoblebisTvis<br />

da Tan... inglisur enaze. qar-<br />

Tuli ena aRar ekadrebaT, viTom<br />

brwyinvaled flobdnen! TiTqos<br />

qarTuli speqtaklis dadgma martivi<br />

iyos...<br />

rac mTavaria, am baRs aqvs yovlad<br />

mouwesrigebeli da daugveli<br />

ezo. da aravin aswavlis am bavSvebs<br />

sisufTavis dacvas, ezosa da garemos<br />

movlas, yvavilebis dargvas<br />

da a.S. (ar gagonebT es baRi Cvens<br />

qveyanas). ho, Zalian kargi iqneboda,<br />

yvela baRsa da skolas Tavisi<br />

nakveTi hqondes, sadac moswavleebi<br />

Sromas da miwasTan ur-<br />

TierTobas mieCvevian.<br />

adre soflis skolebs hqondaT<br />

aseTi nakveTebi da iq mSvenieri<br />

mosavalic mohyavdaT, romelsac<br />

Semdeg kargad iyenebdnen skolis<br />

sasadiloSi. ucxoelebi aRfrTovandeban<br />

xolme, roca igeben, rom<br />

adre aseTi tradicia arsebobda.<br />

maswavlebeli sagnis swavlebas-<br />

Tan erTad moqalaqeobasac unda<br />

aswavlides. upirvelesad adamianebi<br />

unda avRzardoT da Semdeg<br />

_ specialistebi. roca maswavlebeli<br />

xedavs, rom saxelmZRvanelo<br />

uinteresoa, sxvadasxva literaturis<br />

CanacvlebiT da SemoqmedebiTi<br />

midgomebiT unda scados,<br />

saintereso gaxados gakveTili.<br />

moswavlem unda igrZnos, rom<br />

esa Tu is sagani raRac ganyenebuli<br />

ram ki araa, aramed uSualod<br />

ukavSirdeba im problemebs, romlebic<br />

mas cxovrebaSi Sexvdeba.<br />

zogjer gakveTilis nacvlad kargi<br />

iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli raRac<br />

sainteresos mouyveba bavSvebs,<br />

Tundac sakuTari cxovrebidan,<br />

magaliTad, Tu TviTon ra problemebis<br />

winaSe idga maT asakSi<br />

da rogor arTmevda maT Tavs. an<br />

moulodnelad raRac musikas miitans<br />

mosasmenad, an filmis Cvenebas<br />

moawyobs, Tuki amisi SesaZlebloba<br />

arsebobs. da mere mTeli<br />

klasi isaubrebs mosmenilsa da<br />

nanaxze. bavSvma unda igrZnos, rom<br />

maswavlebelma icis is, rac mas<br />

ainteresebs da misi Tanamoazrea.<br />

bavSvebTan daaxloebis kargi gzaa<br />

erToblivi eqskursiebi (magram<br />

ara iseTi samarcxvino, dRes<br />

rom ewyoba: midian skolebisa da<br />

umaRlesi saswavleblebis mowafeebi<br />

da maswavleblebi sadme,<br />

bunebis wiaRSi da naWam-narCeniT<br />

avseben iqaurobas, RvTis Seqmnil<br />

walkots saRored gadaaqceven<br />

da kmayofilebi brundebian Sin).<br />

skolaSi myavda istoriis maswavlebeli,<br />

romelsac namdvilad<br />

pativs vcemdi _ petre TumaniSvili.<br />

erTxel man meoTxe klasSi<br />

pirvelad wagviyvana eqskursiaze<br />

aragvis xeobaSi. sadilobas rom<br />

movrCiT, bavSvebi wamovcvivdiT.<br />

maxsovs, rogor migvabruna ukan<br />

da gviTxra, axla aqauroba ise<br />

unda davasufTavoT, TiTqos aq<br />

arc vyofilvarTo. es araCveulebrivad<br />

saintereso amocanad mogveCvena:<br />

Cveni kvali ar unda dagvetovebina.<br />

arasdros damaviwydeba,<br />

patara TiTebiT balaxis Zirebidan<br />

rogor viRebdiT moxar-<br />

Suli kvercxis cicqna naWuWebs.<br />

gavakrialeT iqauroba. am dRem<br />

Rrma kvali datova CemSi: me gavige<br />

samyaroSi moqcevis umniSvnelovanesi<br />

wesi (araferi daaziano,<br />

arsad datovo maxinji kvali),<br />

Tavi sasargeblo adamianad<br />

vigrZeni da sakuTari pirovnebisadmi<br />

pativiscemis gancda<br />

dameufla.

42<br />

reportaJi<br />

cxra mTas iqiT, an aqve -<br />

rogor davgegmoT eqskursia<br />

`maswavlebeli~ meaTeklaselebTan erTad eqskursiaze wavida,<br />

mere ki `gamocdileba~ eqspertebTan erTad Seajama.<br />

Tea Tofuria<br />

swavlis damTavrebasTan erTad eqskursiebis sezonic daiwyo.<br />

axla yvela sadRac midis, an ukve wavida da Camovida.<br />

yoveli eqskursia erTmaneTs hgavs da rogorc wesi, viRacis<br />

dagvianebiT iwyeba.<br />

jgufi, romelsac `maswavlebeli~<br />

gahyva, winandlisken 8 saaTze<br />

unda daZruliyo, magram ruskam<br />

daigviana da amis gamo 9-ze Zlivs<br />

daviZariT. ruska meaTeklaselia,<br />

skola-liceum `aia-dan~.<br />

eqskursiaze kidev TxuTmetamde<br />

misi klaseli modis, moaqvT bur-<br />

Ti da wyliani boTlebi sawuwaod.<br />

maTi marto datoveba kargi<br />

azri ar iqneboda, Sesabamisad,<br />

ramdenimes mSobelic mohyveba,<br />

jgufs ki _ ra Tqma unda, maswavlebelic<br />

axlavs.<br />

eqskursiaze xSirad samarSruto<br />

taqsiTac dadian, magram, am Sem-<br />

TxvevaSi, avtobuss mainc araferi<br />

Seedreba. marTalia, ufro nela<br />

moZraobs, magram meti haeria.<br />

`es Cemi skamia, aq me vjdebi...~ _<br />

viTom adgilebi daikaves. sinamdvileSi,<br />

skamebs yovel xuT wuT-

N3, 2009 43<br />

Si icvlian, yvela erTxmad laparakobs<br />

da yurTasmena ar aris.<br />

mZRolebi, romlebsac xSirad<br />

uwevT mozardebis eqskursiaze<br />

wayvana, xmaurs didi xania SeeCvivnen.<br />

es bavSvebisTvis garTobaa,<br />

Sesvenebaa, romlis bolos<br />

zari ar dairekeba da gakveTili<br />

ar daiwyeba.<br />

Tumca am bavSvebs win da ukan siaruli<br />

ar akliaT. amaswinaT kabadokiaSic<br />

iyvnen, tao-klarjeTic<br />

moiares. axla kaxeTisken aqvT gza.<br />

aq ufro ioladaa saqme. is mainc<br />

ici, cxeli SoTi sad iyideba.<br />

_ cota iqiT kai Tonea, masw.<br />

maincdamainc arc ruka gWirdeba.<br />

_ yvelawmindis monasterSi aq unda<br />

avuxvioT.<br />

avtobusi aRmarTze mixoxavs. yvelawmindis<br />

taZari orgumbaTiania<br />

da umetesad amiT icnoben. monasterSi<br />

aTi beri moRvaweobs.<br />

erT-erTi taZarTan gvxvdeba.<br />

_ taZris meore nawilSi ar gadaxvideT,<br />

guSin agurebi Camocvivda,<br />

_ afrTxilebs bavSvebs, romlebic<br />

ukve lamis saxuravze arian<br />

asulebi.<br />

cota xnis Semdeg avtobusi TavdaRmarTSi<br />

moCaqCaqebs.<br />

winandalSi movediT.<br />

bavSvebs muzeumis daTvaliereba<br />

undaT, magram winandalSi siurprizia:<br />

WiSkarTan asamde kacia<br />

Sekrebili da yvela abras aTvalierebs.<br />

masze momsaxurebis<br />

Tanxaa miTiTebuli. eqskursiebis<br />

xelmZRvanelebi ukmayofiloebi<br />

arian, TiToeuli jgufis Sesvlas<br />

win naxevarsaaTiani Cxubi uswrebs.<br />

uCxubrad verc Cven SevediT.<br />

_ aq weria, rom muzeumis daTvaliereba<br />

kacze 3 lari Rirs, gadavixdiT<br />

kacze 3 lars da SegviSviT<br />

muzeumSi.<br />

_ baRis daTvalierebis Tanxac<br />

unda gadaixadoT.<br />

_ ar vapirebT baRis daTvalierebas.<br />

_ ho, magram muzeumSi rom moxvdeT,<br />

baRi xom unda gaiaroT!<br />

_ muzeumamde misvla da daTvaliereba<br />

erTia Tu erTia, maSin<br />

calke servisad ratom giweriaT.<br />

_ asea, sxvanairad ver SegiSvebT.<br />

_ kargi, am sam larSi gidic mogvemsaxureba<br />

_ ara, gidisTvis calke gadasaxadia.<br />

_ aba, muzeumi gidis gareSe<br />

rogor unda davaTvaliero<br />

damalaparakeT administarcias.<br />

Tamar mosiaSvili, maswavlebelTa<br />

profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,<br />

maswavlebelTa sertificirebis koordinatori:<br />

`Zalian mniSvnelovania saskolo<br />

eqskursiis sworad dagegmva. maswavlebelma<br />

unda gansazRvros<br />

eqskursiis mizani da saqmianobebi,<br />

rac, SesaZloa, sam ZiriTad<br />

etapad davyoT: mosamzadebeli<br />

saqmianoba mosanaxulebeli<br />

adgilis Sesaxeb informaciis<br />

moZiebas gulisxmobs. aseTi<br />

davaleba maswavlebelma, SesaZloa,<br />

moswavleTa jgufs misces.<br />

davalebis momzadebis Semdeg,<br />

maswavlebelma unda gaigos ra<br />

kiTxvebi gauCndaT moswavleebs<br />

informaciis moZiebis procesSi<br />

da miiReben Tu ara eqskursiis<br />

Sedegad dasmul kiTxvebze amomwurav<br />

pasuxebs. mniSvnelovania<br />

aseve eqskursiis gegmis Sedgenac:<br />

ra adgilebis monaxulebas<br />

SeZleben, ra davaleba unda Seasrulon<br />

moswavleebma _ gadaiRon<br />

suraTebi an video, gaesaubron<br />

adgilobrivi Temis warmomadgenlebs<br />

Tu Tanaklaselebs winaswar<br />

moZiebuli informacia gauziaron.<br />

eqskursiidan dabrunebul<br />

moswavleebs nanaxis Sesaxeb<br />

gamocdilebis megobrebisaTvis<br />

gaziarebis SesaZlebloba unda<br />

hqondeT. maT SeuZliaT moamzadon<br />

prezentacia, gamouSvan kedlis<br />

gazeTi da sxv. eqskursia<br />

arc marto garTobaa da arc marto<br />

SemecnebiTi RonisZieba. is<br />

bavSvs sworad ganviTarebis saSualebas<br />

aZlevs, gansakuTrebiT<br />

maSin, Tu mozardebi mxolod<br />

damTvaliereblebi ar arin da<br />

garkveul procesebSi Tavadac<br />

monawileoben~.<br />

_ administracia TbilisSia.<br />

sabolood irkveva, rom muzeum-<br />

Si Sesvla (gidis gareSe) jgufs

44<br />

rezo geTiaSvili, kavkasiis<br />

garemosdacviTi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis<br />

qselis (CENN) sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis<br />

xelmZRvaneli: `eqskursia TavisTavad<br />

dadebiTi movlenaa. amitom,<br />

pirveli, ris gamoc eqskursiis<br />

komponentze proeqtis dros uars<br />

ar amboben, is dadebiTi emociebia,<br />

rac urTierTobebs aiolebs da<br />

ucxo adamianebs, miT ufro, bav-<br />

Svebs, gundurad ganawyobs. sulac<br />

araa aucilebeli, rom proeqti<br />

eqskursiiT daasrulo. SeiZleba<br />

eqskursia sxva etapzec dagegmo.<br />

bunebrivia eqskursia stiqiurad<br />

ar igegmeba da marSruti konkretuli<br />

Temisa da interesis mixedviT<br />

irCeva. dagegmvac gunduri<br />

muSaobis procesia da gadawyvetilebis<br />

miRebaSi yvela monawileobs.<br />

aseve mniSvnelovania, im<br />

obieqtis winaswari Seswavla da<br />

SeZlebisdagvarad momzadeba,<br />

sadac eqskursiaa dagegmili.<br />

vTqvaT, Tu hidroeleqtrosadguria,<br />

mis administraciasTan<br />

dakavSireba garkveuli xniT adre<br />

xdeba, raTa es adamianebic mzad<br />

iyvenen informaciis gasacemad.<br />

raki turis yidva da gidis daqiraveba<br />

yovelTvis ar aris SesaZlebeli,<br />

xandaxan saWiro xdeba<br />

eqspertis mowveva. mTavaria, bav-<br />

Svebs SesTavazo cocxali procesi,<br />

romelSic TviTonve monawileoben<br />

da ara _ ubralo daTvaliereba.<br />

amisTvis sxvadasxva meTodi arsebobs<br />

_ kvleviTi davalebebiT<br />

dawyebuli da gundebad dayofiT<br />

da SejibriT damTavrebuli.<br />

kidev erTi mniSvnelovani Sedegi<br />

garemosa da sazogadoebasTan<br />

urTierTobaa. sasargeblo Cvevebis<br />

miRebasTan erTad bavSvebs<br />

sadme organizebulad wasvlis<br />

kulturac uviTardebaT. imaSi<br />

dasarwmuneblad, rom samyaro Zalian<br />

didi da sainteresoa, cxra<br />

mTis gadalaxva arc aris saWiro.<br />

zogjer usaqmod jdomas uqmeebze<br />

turis dagegmva sjobs~.<br />

70 laramde ujdeba, Sesabamisad,<br />

mxolod baRis daTvalierebiT<br />

unda SemovifargloT (aseve gidis<br />

gareSe). CveniT unda mivxvdeT,<br />

romel xesTan vdgavarT da saer-<br />

Tod, ratomaa es baRi mniSvnelovani.<br />

WavWavaZeebsa da winandalze<br />

bavSvebs gakveTilebze mouyvnen.<br />

rac Seexeba baRs, maswavleblebi<br />

aqac Tavad pouloben cnobil<br />

fuRuros, sadac lekebis<br />

Tavdasxmisas WavWavaZis ojaxis<br />

wevrebi daimalnen. natvris xeze<br />

yvela im bavSvis cxvirsaxocia<br />

gamobmuli, romlic odesme eqskursiaze<br />

yofila. unda vivaraudoT,<br />

rom am xes yvelaze xSirad<br />

misaRebi gamocdebis Cabarebas<br />

evedrebodnen.<br />

fuRuroiani xis moZebnis Semdeg,<br />

yvelaze Zneli sapirfareSos<br />

moZebnaa _ is ubralod ar aris.<br />

kidev ufro unugeSo saqmea, saCivrebis<br />

wigni moZebno da Sig is Cawero,<br />

rasac baRSi mowriale xalxi<br />

erTmaneTs eubneba: `amxela gzidan<br />

mosul xalxs rom sapirfareSo<br />

dasWirdeba, ar ician! ra<br />

gaxda erTi tualetis aSeneba...~<br />

radgan tualetic, administraciis<br />

ar iyos, TbilisSia, eqskursiis<br />

monawileebi iZulebulebi arian,<br />

saxlisken droulad gamobrundnen.<br />

miTumetes, bavSvebs SiaT.<br />

kaxeTSi sufris gasaSleli adgilis<br />

povna advili ar aris. patara<br />

mdelos ZiebaSi veliscixemde<br />

CamovdivarT. ufro sworad, erTi<br />

cida mdeloc ar kmara, bolos da<br />

bolos burTi aqvT wamoRebuli.<br />

mSoblebi sufras awyoben. roca<br />

saWmeli erT kacs moaqvs, TiTqos<br />

araferi, magram Tu yvelam TiTi<br />

qaTami, TiTo xaWapuri, TiTo<br />

kilo namcxvari wamoiRo, sufra<br />

marTlac saqorwilo gamodis.<br />

Tan mWamelic aravinaa, bavSvebma<br />

ori lukma gadaylapes da<br />

mindorze erTmaneTs gaekidnen.<br />

sanovage Tavzesayrelad rCeba.<br />

samagierod wyali Tavdeba male.<br />

jer biWebma gogoebi gawuwes, mere<br />

gogoebma _ biWebi, mere ki wvima<br />

wamovida da yvela dasvelda.<br />

wvima gansakuTrebiT mSoblebs<br />

gauxardaT. ukve Ramdeboda,<br />

bavSvebi ki avtobusSi amosvlas<br />

aRar apirebdnen.<br />

morigi eqskursia dasrulebulia.

problema<br />

N3, 2009 45<br />

eqimis mosvlamde<br />

roca moswavle ubeduri SemTxvevis msxverplia<br />

irma kaxuraSvili<br />

naZaladevis raionis erT-erTi sajaro skolis ezoSi, fizkulturis<br />

gakveTilze, meeqvsklaseli Tornike skolis sardafSi Cavarda.<br />

maswavlebeli am dros iq ar imyofeboda. TornikesTvis pirveladi<br />

daxmarebis gaweva Tanaklaselebma scades, Tumca uSedegod. zurgis<br />

areSi miRebuli travmisa da mravali daJeJilobis Sedegad bavSvi<br />

Tavs cudad grZnobda. adgilze arc skolis eqimi aRmoCnda, amitom<br />

dagvinebiT mosulma maswavlebelma Tornike Sin gaistumra.<br />

mSoblebis mier gamoZaxebulma saswrafo daxmarebis eqimma<br />

bavSvs tvinis Seryeva da xerxemlis travma daudgina. Tornikes<br />

erTTviani woliTi reJimi da Zlieri gamayuCeblebi dauniSnes.<br />

sasargeblo internet-resursi<br />

sajaro skolebisa da<br />

maswavleblebisTvis:<br />

http://www.teachernet.gov.uk/_doc/<br />

4421/GFAS.pdf<br />

pirveladi daxmareba skolaSi _<br />

praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo sajaro<br />

skolebis maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

profesiuli standartis mixedviT,<br />

maswavlebels moeTxoveba,<br />

icodes, rogor unda Seqmnas usafrTxo<br />

saswavlo garemo da ubeduri<br />

SemTxvevis dros daSavebuls<br />

pirveladi samedicino daxmareba<br />

aRmouCinos. maswavleblebi amboben,<br />

rom standartis moTxovnis<br />

dakmayofileba rTulia, radgan<br />

maT saTanado codna ar aqvT. rogorc<br />

wesi, ubeduri SemTxvevis<br />

pirveli mowme ara skolis eqimi,<br />

aramed maswavlebelia.<br />

Tbilisis 63-e sajaro skolis direqtoris,<br />

nana moniavas TqmiT,<br />

yvelaze xSirad moswavleebi celqobis<br />

gamo iReben dazianebas,<br />

gansakuTrebiT dawyebiT da VI-VI I I<br />

klasebSi. aseTi SemTxvevebis dros<br />

maswavlebeli jer Tavad cdilobs<br />

pirveladi daxmarebis gawevas,<br />

Semdeg ki skolis eqims ukavSirdeba.<br />

Tumca, eqimis gamoCenamde,<br />

igi ara konkretul codnaze dayrdnobiT,<br />

aramed mxolod intuiciiT<br />

moqmedebs.<br />

`yvelas gvinaxavs, bavSvebi TamaS-<br />

TamaSiT rogor uxeSad urtyamen<br />

erTmaneTs CanTebs, Widaoben, kalmebiT<br />

Cxvleten... texen fanjris<br />

minebs, rac ara mxolod Tavis tvinis<br />

Seryevis, aramed, vTqvaT, Tvalis,<br />

arteriis an sxva sasicocxlo<br />

organoebis dazianebis saSiSroebasac<br />

qmnis. skolaSi gvqonda<br />

SemTxveva, rodesac mecxreklaselma<br />

biWma Zlieri dartymis Sedegad<br />

goneba dakarga. ra unda<br />

moemoqmedebina maswavlebels,<br />

sanam eqimi gamoCndeboda aseT<br />

situaciaSi nebismieri adamiani<br />

daibneoda~. _ ambobs qalbatoni<br />

nana da darwmunebulia, rom<br />

pirveladi samedicino unar-<br />

Cvevebis codna ara mxolod<br />

maswavleblebs, aramed skolis<br />

moswavleebsac ar avnebda.<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

centris maswavleblis<br />

profesiuli standartis koordinatoris,<br />

nino elbaqiZis TqmiT,<br />

`usafrTxo skolis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani<br />

komponentis Tanaxmad<br />

maswavlebeli elementarul samedicino<br />

codnas unda flobdes. sworad<br />

aRmoCenilma pirveladma daxmarebam<br />

SeiZleba adamianis sicocxle<br />

gadaarCinos~. nino elbaqiZe ambobs,<br />

rom es problema, SesaZloa,<br />

romelime saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan<br />

TanamSromlobiT mogvardes:<br />

`es axlo momavlis proeqtia.<br />

didi survili gvaqvs, maswavleblebs<br />

treningebi CautardeT~.<br />

saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogadoebis<br />

generaluri mdivani,<br />

goCa RuWaSvili ambobs, rom maTi<br />

organizacia mimarTvis SemTxvevaSi<br />

skolebsa da maswavleblebs<br />

am Temaze damatebiT informacias<br />

miawvdis. dainteresebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris<br />

sazogadoebas daukavSirdiT:<br />

krilovis q.15 Tbilisi 0102,<br />

saqarTvelo tel: 96 15 34; 96 10 92<br />

el. fosta: press@redcross.ge<br />

http://www.redcross.org.uk/news.<br />

aspid=90744<br />

britaneTis wiTeli jvari _<br />

resursi maTTvis, visac skolaSi<br />

pirveladi samedicino daxmarebis<br />

safuZvlebis Seswavla surs.<br />

http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.<br />

nsf/htmlall/p0870/$File ICRC_002_<br />

0870.PDF<br />

wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komiteti<br />

_ pirveladi daxmarebis<br />

saxelmZRvanelo<br />

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/<br />

FirstAidIndex/FirstAidIndex<br />

maio klinika, samedicino ganaTlebisa<br />

da kvlevis fondis internet-resursi<br />

_ aq SegiZliaT<br />

moipovoT amomwuravi informacia<br />

gansxvavebul situaciebSi<br />

aucilebeli pirveladi samedicino<br />

daxmarebis Sesaxeb.

46 gakveTili<br />

iswavle siamovnebiT...<br />

`xelovnebis istoriis gakveTilebis<br />

Rirseba isaa, rom moswavleebs<br />

uviTardebaT xelovnebis<br />

nimuSebis Sefasebis unari. maT<br />

SeuZliaT suraTis daxasiaTeba,<br />

teqnikis, mimdinareobis, Janris<br />

garkveva. informacias iReben<br />

msoflio muzeumebis, Tanamedrove<br />

xelovnebis mimarTulebebze.<br />

SeuZliaT imsjelon ferweris,<br />

arqiteqturisa da qandakebis<br />

nimuSebzec. maT SeiZleba ver<br />

daxaton da Sedevrebi ver Seqmbela<br />

CekuriSvili<br />

TaTuli revaziSvili: `funqciur<br />

nivTebze imitom vamaxvileb<br />

yuradRebas, rom es ar aris xelovnebis<br />

skola. es mimarTuleba<br />

Sors aris xelovnebisgan, magram<br />

daintereseba Zalian didia rogorc<br />

bavSvebis, aseve mSoblebis<br />

mxridan. bavSvebis gemovneba ixveweba,<br />

xeliT Sromas sxvanairad<br />

afaseben. gakveTilze Teoriul<br />

masalasac gavdivarT. CveulebgamoyenebiTi<br />

xelovneba saqarTvelos ganaTlebis centrSi<br />

(GLC) erT-erTi mTavari sagania.<br />

abaJuri feradi<br />

Zafebisagan gavakeTe.<br />

Zafebi gaberil buSts<br />

Semovaxvie, mere<br />

webo davade, davelode<br />

da roca gaSra,<br />

buSti gavxeTqe. saaTis<br />

eskizebi maswavlebelma<br />

mogvitana.<br />

Cven amovWeriT, gavaferadeT<br />

da muyaoze<br />

davakariT, mere<br />

Sig saaTi CavsviT.<br />

me jambazi gavakeTe,<br />

nodarma _ wruwuna~.<br />

,,<br />

daTo<br />

,,<br />

TuTiyuSis, Tevzis, bayayis, jambazis,<br />

wruwunas formis saaTebi,<br />

sakarnavalo, bumbuliani niRbebi,<br />

Semodgomis foTlebis panoebi,<br />

moxatuli saaRdgomo kvercxebi,<br />

boTlebi da keramikuli<br />

TefSebi, aplikaciebi, zardaxSebi,<br />

abaJurebi, suraTis CarCoebi<br />

_ aseTia xelovnebis kabineti me-5-<br />

dan me-10 klaselebisTvis.<br />

`maswavlebeli gvawerinebs moculobebs,<br />

imasac, Tu ra masala<br />

gvWirdeba. mere mogvaqvs da muSaobas<br />

viwyebT,~ _ mixsnian bavSvebi.<br />

maswavlebeli ki, axalgazrda<br />

mxatvari da interieris dizaineri,<br />

TaTuli revaziSvili oTxi<br />

welia, saqarTvelos ganaTlebis<br />

centrSi (GLC), xelovnebis istorias<br />

aswavlis da aqve gamoyenebi-<br />

Ti xelovnebis studiasac xelm-<br />

ZRvanelobs. or TveSi erTxel<br />

isini gamofenebs awyoben.<br />

rivad vwerT testebs da sakontroloebs<br />

da ase vswavlobT xelovnebis<br />

istorias. gamomcemlobebSi<br />

davZebneT saxelmZRvaneloebi,<br />

sadac araCveulebrivi Teoriuli<br />

masala da praqtikuli samuSaoebia<br />

mocemuli. saxelmZRvanelom<br />

saSualeba mogvca, moswavleebi<br />

Teoriuli masalis codnis mxriv<br />

SevafasoT. es rom xelovnebis<br />

skola yofiliyo, maSin ufro<br />

met dros davuTmobdiT praqtikas,<br />

Tumca axlac bevrs vmuSaobT.~<br />

Teoriul masalas ufro meti dro<br />

eTmoba me-9 da me-10 klasidan.<br />

TaTuli maswavleblis dakvirvebiT,<br />

rogori kargi specialistic<br />

unda iyo, Tu me-9 klasis moswavles<br />

survili ar aqvs, dekoratiul<br />

panos ver gaakeTebineb, samagierod,<br />

SegiZlia xelovnebis<br />

Teoria safuZvlianad Seaswavlo.

N3, 2009 47<br />

nan, magram sakuTar Sexedulebebs<br />

akademiurad Camoayalibeben.<br />

vcdilob, rom xelovneba skolaSi<br />

kargad iswavlebodes. nel-nela<br />

vviTardebiT. roca wignebi ar<br />

gvqonda, Zalian SezRuduli viyaviT.<br />

konspeqtebis momzadeba Tavad<br />

miwevda, saxelmZRvanelos Semotanam<br />

ki Zalian didi saqme gaakeTa.<br />

roca bavSvs saxelmZRvanelo<br />

ar aqvs, sagans zereled uyurebs.<br />

rogor iqnebi srulfasovani moqalaqe,<br />

Tu Seni qalaqis an qveynis<br />

arqiteqturaSi ver erkvevi<br />

taZarSi roca Sedixar, sasurvelia,<br />

icode, esa Tu is freska sad da<br />

ratomaa ganTavsebuli. Cemi<br />

swavlebis Sedegs yvelaze ukeT<br />

eqskursiaze vxedav. uamravi<br />

cixe-simagre da taZari vnaxeT.<br />

bavSvebi damoukideblad arCeven,<br />

taZari meramdene saukunisaa, kanonikis<br />

mixedviT, romeli xati<br />

romel adgilzea, anda ras mianiSnebs<br />

wmindanebis Jestikulacia.“<br />

meaTeklaselebi maswavlebels<br />

axasiaTeben:<br />

_ jvarcma rom vnaxeT, yvelaferi<br />

viswavleT jvarcmis Sesaxeb,<br />

TaTulim uamravi ram agvixsna.<br />

_ ferTa Teoria iyo saintereso,<br />

romeli feri rogor xasiaTs<br />

gamoxatavs.<br />

CarCo muyaosgan<br />

gamovWeri da pulverizatoriT<br />

mwvaned<br />

SevRebe. mere borblebisa<br />

da bafTebis formis<br />

makaronebi aviRe,<br />

zed davawebe da guaSebiT<br />

gavaferade. am<br />

yuTSi erT dros svarovskis<br />

iremi ido,<br />

me SuSis mZivebiT da<br />

aplikaciiT gavaforme<br />

da lamazi<br />

zardaxSa gamovida.<br />

,,<br />

nia<br />

,,<br />

_ yvelaze saintereso iyo kolizeumi,<br />

samive iarusze sxvadasxva<br />

ZeglebiT.<br />

_ xelovnebas Tu sxva skolaSi<br />

zedapirulad uyureben, Cven ase<br />

ar varT. zogjer matematikis maswavlebelTan<br />

ar gviwevs amdeni<br />

muSaoba. xelovneba Ceulebrivi<br />

sagania da seriozulad vuyurebT.<br />

_ yvela detals varCevT, teqsts<br />

jgufSi vkiTxulobT da Cveni<br />

azri gamogvaqvs, mere vmsjelobT.<br />

_ imasac aqvs mniSvneloba, xelovnebas<br />

rogori maswavlebeli gaswavlis,<br />

ramdenad dagainteresebs.<br />

TaTuli revaziSvili Tvlis, rom<br />

swavlebis aseTi meTodis dadebiTi<br />

mxare isaa, rom bavSvebi sakuTari<br />

xeliT keTebas da Sromas<br />

eCvevnian. dekoratiuli dizainis<br />

nimuSebs isini siamovnebiT amzadeben.<br />

mSoblebic Zalian amayoben,<br />

Svilebis namuSevrebi xSirad<br />

ofisebis gasaformeblad miaqvT.<br />

TviTon bavSvebma sakuTar TavSi<br />

gansxvavebuli unarebi aRmoaCines.<br />

`ganaTlebis procesisadmi<br />

maTi damokidebulebac sxvanairia:<br />

isini siamovnebiT muSaoben da,<br />

amave dros, Sesabamis Sefasebasac<br />

iReben~, _ ambobs maswavlebeli.<br />

TaTuli revaziSvili (marjvnidan meore) moswavleebTan erTad<br />

maswavlebelma<br />

sxvadasxva formis<br />

boTlebi mogvitana,<br />

Cven avirCieT forma<br />

da movxateT. am aba-<br />

Jurze 3 gakveTili vimuSave,<br />

narinjisferi,<br />

mwvane da TeTri Zafebi<br />

avirCie, mere aplikaciebi<br />

mivakari.<br />

,,<br />

ela<br />

,,

48<br />

regioni<br />

Telavi-biberaxi-Telavi<br />

nino koSaZe<br />

skolis kursdamTavrebulebi `Spraxdiplomis~ gamocdebis<br />

Cabarebas SeZleben _ Telavis mecxre sajaro skola<br />

saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi monawileobs<br />

specialurad `maswavleblisTvis~ kaxeTidan<br />

Telavis<br />

mecxre sajaro skolaSi<br />

dResac siamayiT<br />

aRniSnaven, rom pirvel<br />

erovnul gamocdebSi<br />

#1 abiturientad<br />

dasaxelebuli<br />

ana mamukelaSvili<br />

maTi moswavle iyo.<br />

germaneli pedagogi georg volteri<br />

Telavis me-9 germanulenovani<br />

sajaro skolis moswavleebs<br />

`SpraxdiplomisTvis~ amzadebs.<br />

ukve cxra Tvea, igi mTel dRes<br />

skolaSi atarebs da qarTvel bav-<br />

Svebs germanul enas aswavlis.<br />

iseTi diplomis aReba, romelic<br />

msoflios nebismier germanulenovan<br />

universitetSi swavlis SesaZleblobas<br />

iZleva, moswavleebs<br />

ukve am skolaSic SeuZliaT.<br />

volteris ganmartebiT, kursi<br />

weliwadnaxevriania da 21 qarTveli<br />

bavSvi `Spraxdiplomis~<br />

gamocdebis Cabarebas dekembris<br />

Sua ricxvebSi SeZlebs.<br />

georg volteri, Telavis me-9 sajaro<br />

skolis maswavlebeli: `es kursi mxolod<br />

enis swavlebas ki ar moicavs,<br />

aramed im Taviseburebebis<br />

gacnobasac, rac `Spraxdiplomis~<br />

asaRebadaa saWiro. germaniidan<br />

Camotanili literaturis garda,<br />

moswavleebs Cems mier damuSavebul<br />

masalasac vTavazob, romelic<br />

maT Zalian bevri ramis aRqmas<br />

da gagebas umartivebs~.<br />

germanuli enis maswavlebeli giuli<br />

lafauri aRniSnavs, rom gakveTilebze<br />

moswavleebi oTxi aspeqtiT<br />

swavloben enas. programa<br />

moicavs weris, kiTxvis, metyvelebis<br />

da mosmenis unar-Cvevebis<br />

SeZenas, rac maT saSualebas<br />

aZlevs srulyofilad Seiswavlon<br />

ena. misive ganmartebiT, es msoflioSi<br />

aprobirebuli meTodia.<br />

`postsabWoTa sivrceSi ucxo enis<br />

swavleba ZiriTadad damyarebuli<br />

iyo kiTxva-Targmnis meTodikaze,<br />

rac, ra Tqma unda, ver mogvcemda<br />

saTanado Sedegs. Tanamedrove<br />

standartebiT swavlebis mizania,<br />

rom moswavlem SeZlos ucxo enaze<br />

komunikacia, informaciis mo-<br />

Zieba da sakontaqto werilebis<br />

wera, _ ambobs giuli lafauri.<br />

msgavsi proeqtebi germaniis sagareo<br />

saqmeTa saministros mxardaWeriT<br />

msoflios 300-mde qveyanaSi<br />

xorcieldeba, maT Soris<br />

azerbaijansa da somxeTSic. Tumca<br />

germaneli pedagogi Tvlis,<br />

rom enis Seswavlis msurvelTa<br />

ricxvi, mezobeli qveynebisgan<br />

gansxvavebiT, saqarTveloSi ufro<br />

swrafad izrdeba.<br />

georg volteri<br />

`germanuli enis Seswavlis survili<br />

bevr moswavles aqvs, Tumca<br />

zogierTi ram CemTvis absoluturad<br />

gaugebaria. magaliTad, rogor<br />

SeiZleba, bavSvma gakveTili

N3, 2009 49<br />

gaacdinos da dabadebis dReze<br />

wavides, an ubralod, megobars<br />

Sexvdes. rodesac isini mieCvevian,<br />

rom msgavsi raRacebi gakve-<br />

Tilebis Semdeg unda gaakeTon,<br />

yvelaferi kargad iqneba~, _ ambobs<br />

jorj volteri. is profesiiT<br />

germanuli enisa da ekonomikis<br />

pedagogia. TelavSi Camosvlamde<br />

aswavlida germaniaSi, argentinasa<br />

da boliviaSi.<br />

amJamad Telavis me-9 sajaro skolis<br />

eqvsi moswavle germaniis qalaq<br />

biberaxSi samkviriani gacvliTi<br />

programiT imyofeba. paralelurad<br />

maTi eqvsi germaneli<br />

Tanatoli Telavs stumrobs. mecxre<br />

sajaro skolaSi isini mxolod<br />

germanuli enis gakveTilebs eswrebian,<br />

Tumca qarTul ojaxebSi<br />

cxovroben da Cvens tradiciebsa<br />

da RirsSesaniSnaobebs ecnobian.<br />

`Zalian kmayofili var saqarTveloSi<br />

stumrobiT. gavicani Cemi<br />

Tanatolebi, maTTan erTad Semoviare<br />

saqarTvelos mravali<br />

RirsSesaniSnavi adgili. Zalian<br />

momewona qarTuli simRerebi, cekvebi.<br />

vTvli, rom qarTuli samzareuloc<br />

garkveulwilad xelovnebis<br />

nimuSia. guli mwydeba, gamgzavrebis<br />

dro rom axlovdeba,<br />

imedia isev davbrundebi~, _<br />

ambobs Telavis biberaxeli<br />

stumari robert Sulci.<br />

Telavis mecxre skolis germanuli<br />

enis kaTedris gamge ia Cala-<br />

TaSvili aRniSnavs, rom germaneli<br />

kolegebis stumroba ukve tradiciaa<br />

da qarTvel pedagogebs sa-<br />

Sualeba aqvT, maTgan evropis skolebSi<br />

danergili mravali siaxlis<br />

Sesaxeb gaigon. `germanel<br />

kolegebTan axlo profesiuli<br />

urTierToba gvaqvs, xdeba informaciisa<br />

da gamocdilebis gacvla-gamocvla.<br />

kviraSi erTxel<br />

gvaqvs konferenciebi, sadac mTeli<br />

kviris muSaobas ganvixilavT.<br />

erTmaneTs azrebsa da STabeWdilebebs<br />

vuziarebT da Sesabamis<br />

gadawyvetilebebs viRebT~.<br />

daarsebis dRidan skolas germaniis<br />

sxvadasxva qalaqTan gacvli-<br />

Ti programebis ganxorcielebis<br />

gamocdileba aqvs. mariam leSka-<br />

Seli, Tamaz ZuliaSvili da salome<br />

yaraulaSvili im gamorCeul<br />

moswavleebs Soris arian, vinc<br />

gasuli wlis gazafxulze germaniaSi<br />

imyofebodnen. mariami da<br />

Tamazi erTi Tve biberaxSi swavlobdnen,<br />

xolo salome 10-kviriani<br />

programiT hales maxloblad<br />

mdebare patara provinciul qalaqSi<br />

iRebda ganaTlebas. isini<br />

germanul ojaxebSi cxovrobdnen<br />

da germanel moswavleebTan<br />

erTad dadiodnen skolaSi. `yvela<br />

piroba mqonda, rom Tavi Sesaferis<br />

garemoSi megrZno. Cems<br />

germanel megobrebTan erTad<br />

yoveldRe davdiodi skolaSi,<br />

sadac zustad igive movaleobebi<br />

mqonda, rac Cems iqaur klaselebs.<br />

swored es damexmara maTTan<br />

urTierTobaSi. isini xedavdnen,<br />

rom me gamonaklisi ar viyavi da<br />

arc raime gansakuTrebuli privilegiiT<br />

vsargeblobdi. SabaTkviras<br />

eqskursiebze davdiodiT.<br />

movinaxuleT germaniis ramdenime<br />

qalaqi. germanul kulturas<br />

gavecani da enis Seswavlis mxriv<br />

seriozuli praqtika gaviare~, _<br />

ixsenebs salome yaraulaSvili.<br />

Telavi da germaniis qalaqi biberaxi<br />

19 wlis win damegobrdnen.<br />

kaxeTis skolebSi germanuli enis<br />

swavlebis ideac maSin gaCnda. TelavSi<br />

germanulenovani skola gaixsna.<br />

gadawyvetilebas imdroindeli<br />

ganaTlebis ministris moadgile<br />

kote gabaSvili awerda xels.<br />

profesiuli saswavleblis sami<br />

oTaxi, sadac naCuqari inventari<br />

moaTavses, TviTon moswavleebma<br />

gaaremontes da Senobis Zveli kedlebic<br />

Tavadve SeRebes. skolis direqtoris<br />

nana TvaliaSvilis TqmiT,<br />

imdenad didi iyo germanulenovan<br />

skolaSi siarulis survili,<br />

rom cudi pirobebis miuxedavad,<br />

mSoblebs Svilebis sxva saswavlebelSi<br />

gadayvana arc ufiqriaT.<br />

ori wlis ganmavlobaSi skola<br />

swored am SenobaSi funqcionirebda,<br />

Tumca mogvianebiT mas rusuli<br />

skolis avariuli nageboba<br />

gadaeca, romlis restavracia isev<br />

germaneli da avstrieli megobrebis<br />

mxardaWeriT moxerxda.<br />

2006 wels, proeqt `iakob gogebaSvilis~<br />

farglebSi, mas reabilitacia<br />

Cautarda, moewyo xelovnursafariani<br />

sportuli<br />

moedani, mogvarda gaTbobis<br />

problemac.

50<br />

pasuxebi<br />

Tqvens SekiTxvebze<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />

iniciativiT Sedga samuSao Sexvedrebi<br />

maTematikisa da ucxouri enebis maswavleblebTan.<br />

profesiuli standartisa da sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdis Sinaarsisa da formatis ganxilvis mizniT<br />

Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi Catarebul<br />

SexvedrebSi 1150-mde maswavlebeli monawileobda. ucxouri<br />

enebis pedagogebis SekiTxvebs gamocdebis erovnuli centris,<br />

erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrisa da<br />

maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris eqspertebi<br />

pasuxobdnen (Jurnalis Semdeg nomerSi ixileT pasuxebi<br />

maTematikis maswavleblebis SekiTxvebze).<br />

gaqvT SekiTxva _ mogvwereT: info@tpdc.ge<br />

ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis<br />

maswavleblis profesiuli standarti ucxour enebSi<br />

moicavs rogorc dawyebiT, aseve sabazo da saSualo<br />

safexurs. ra saxis sertifikati iqneba ucxouri<br />

enebis maswavlebelTaTvis<br />

guliko ServaSiZe, baTumis 16-e sajaro skola<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdis warmatebiT Cabarebis SemTxvevaSi ucxouri<br />

enebis maswavleblebi miiReben rogorc dawyebiT, aseve sabazo da<br />

saSualo safexurze swavlebis uflebas da Sesabamis sertifikats.<br />

rusuli enisa da literaturis im maswavleblebisTvis,<br />

romlebic Tavisuflad ver floben qarTul enas,<br />

Znelia, qarTulad gascen pasuxi sasertifikacio<br />

gamocdis meore, meTodur nawils. rogor CavabaroT<br />

aseTma maswavleblebma meToduri nawili<br />

Tamar SCerbakova,<br />

sof.gldanis sajaro skola, mcxeTa<br />

sagamocdo testebSi mocemuloba/SekiTxvebi qarTul enaze iqneba<br />

dasmuli, rusuli enisa da literaturis pedagogebs saSualeba<br />

miecemaT, meTodur nawils, survilis SemTxvevaSi, pasuxebi gascen<br />

rusul enaze.<br />

arsebobs skolebi,<br />

romlebSic ucxo<br />

enad aswavlian Turquls,<br />

espanurs an<br />

italiurs. am enebisaTvis<br />

ar arsebobs<br />

maswavleblis<br />

standarti. rogor<br />

unda gaxdes am<br />

enebis maswavlebli<br />

sertificirebuli<br />

Tamuna popiaSvili,<br />

Tbilisis 181-e sajaro skola<br />

maswavleblis profesiuli standarti<br />

aRniSnuli enebisaTvis<br />

(espanuri, Turquli, italiuri<br />

da sxva) ar arsebobs, radgan<br />

jer ar Seqmnila am enebisaTvis<br />

erovnuli saswavlo gegma. ucxo<br />

enebSi sertificireba am etapze<br />

dagegmilia mxolod rusuli,<br />

franguli, germanuli da inglisuri<br />

enebis maswavleblebisTvis.

N3, 2009 51<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdaze ra saxis mosasmeni teqsti<br />

iqneba mas mSobliur enaze mosaubre waikiTxavs Tu<br />

qarTveli rogori iqneba teqstis wakiTxvis tempi<br />

leila xaranauli,<br />

kerZo skola `rusTaveli~, rusTavi<br />

ramden saaTs<br />

gagrZeldeba<br />

gamocda iqneba Tu<br />

ara Sesveneba<br />

manana barnabiSvili,<br />

Tbilisis 82-e sajaro skola<br />

mosasmen teqsts waikiTxavs mSobliur enaze mosaubre (germanuls _<br />

germaneli, franguls _ frangi da a.S.). wakiTxvis tempi iqneba saSualo,<br />

xolo teqsti SeiZleba iyos sagazeTo statiidan an Jurnalidan<br />

amonaridi.<br />

gamocda, savarudod, 3 saaTs<br />

gagrZeldeba. iqneba 10-20 wuTi<br />

Sesvenebac gamocdis pirvel da<br />

meore nawils Soris.<br />

maswavleblis sertifikatis mosapoveblad ra gamocdebis Cabareba mouwevs maswavlebels<br />

TinaTin baCiaSvili, iyalTos sajaro skola, Telavi<br />

sertifikatis mosapoveblad maswavlebelma ori gamocda unda Caabaros: erTi gamocda<br />

bardeba profesiul unar-CvevebSi da meore gamocda _ saganSi, am SemTxvevaSi, ucxour enaSi.<br />

damxmare literatura da sasargeblo<br />

internet-resursebi ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis:<br />

maswavlebelTa<br />

profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

centris gamocemebi:<br />

1. maswavleblis profesiuli<br />

standarti; Tbilisi, 2008<br />

2. ganviTarebisa da swavlebis<br />

Teoriebi, damxmare saxelmZ-<br />

Rvanelo I; saqarTvelos<br />

macne, Tbilisi, 2008<br />

3. swavleba da Sefaseba,<br />

damxmare saxelmZRvanelo I I ;<br />

saqarTvelos macne 2008<br />

4. saswavlo da profesiuli<br />

garemo, damxmare saxelmZRvanelo<br />

I I I ; saqarTvelos<br />

macne, Tbilisi, 2008<br />

ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganaTlebis<br />

specialistebisaTvis,<br />

I nawili; erovnuli saswavlo<br />

gegmebisa da Sefasebis<br />

centri Tbilisi, 2007<br />

rogor movemzadoT pedagogTa<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdebisTvis:<br />

profesiuli unarebi;<br />

gamocdebis erovnuli<br />

centri, Tbilisi, 2008<br />

rogor movemzadoT pedagogTa<br />

sasertifikacio gamocdebis-<br />

Tvis: qarTuli ena da<br />

literatura; gamocdebis<br />

erovnuli centri, Tbilisi,<br />

2008<br />

www.tpdc.ge maswavlebelTa<br />

profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />

centri<br />

www.naec.ge gamocdebis<br />

erovnuli centri<br />

www.ganatleba.org erovnuli<br />

saswavlo gegmebisa da<br />

Sefasebis centri<br />

damxmare literatura da<br />

sasargeblo internetresursebi<br />

ucxouri enebis<br />

maswavleblebisTvis<br />

ucxouri enebis swavlis, swavlebisa<br />

da Sefasebis saerTo evropuli<br />

sarekomendacio CarCo:<br />

Gemeinsamer Europaeischer<br />

Refernzrahmen fur Sprachen, Lehren,<br />

Lernen, Beurteilen, Langescheidt,<br />

Berlin, Muenchen, 2001<br />

Council of Europe. 2001. Common<br />

European Framework of Reference for<br />

Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment.<br />

Cambridge University Press.<br />

misi CamotvirTva<br />

SesaZlebelia am gverdidan:<br />

http://www.coe.int/T/E/<br />

Cultural_Cooperation/education/<br />

Languages/Language_Policy/<br />

Commonframework_of_Reference<br />

inglisuri ena<br />

(enobrivi nawili)<br />

1. Acklam, R. 2003. First Certificate<br />

Gold. Coursebook. Longman<br />

2. Blanchard,K. Roof, Ch.2004. Ready<br />

to Write More: From Paragraph to<br />

Essay. Longman<br />

3. Burgess, S.2003. First Certificate<br />

Gold, Exam Maximizer. Longman<br />

4. Cambridge First Certificate English.<br />

2001. Books 1, 2,3,4,5. Cambridge<br />

University Press<br />

5. Gordon, I .2001. Intermediate Reading<br />

Comprehension. Books 1,2,3, Macmillan

52<br />

6. Harrison, M and Kerr, R. 2001.<br />

First Certificate Language Tests.<br />

Books 1, 2. Oxford University Test<br />

7. Kenny, N. Lugue-Mortimer, L.<br />

2003. First Certificate Practice<br />

Tests Plus 1, 2. Longman<br />

8. Naunton, J. 2000. Think First<br />

Certificate. Practice Exams. Longman<br />

9. O’ Connell, S. 2001. First<br />

Certificate for the Revised Exam.<br />

Longman<br />

10. Oshima, A. Hogue, A. 1997.<br />

Introduction to Academic Writing.<br />

Longman<br />

11. Paran, A. 2003. First Certificate<br />

Gold. Practice Exams. Longman<br />

12. Swan, M. 1995. Practical English<br />

Usage<br />

13. Stephens, 1998. Practice Writing.<br />

Longman<br />

14. Murphy R. 2004. English Grammar<br />

in Use. Cambridge University Press<br />

www.CambridgeESOL/exams<br />

www.bbc.co.uk<br />

www.vocabulary.com<br />

www.learnenglish.org.uk<br />

www.english-zone.com<br />

www.in2english.com/teaching<br />

www.thenewspaper.org.uk<br />

meTodika<br />

1. Bonson, T. Marks J. 1999. Inside<br />

Teaching. Heinemann<br />

2. Head, K and Taylor P, Hill. J<br />

1997. Readings in Teacher Development,<br />

Heinemann<br />

3. Harmer, J 2001. The Practice of<br />

English Language Teaching.<br />

Longman<br />

4. Lewis, M. and Hill, J. 1993. Source<br />

book for teaching English as a<br />

Foreign Language. Heinemann<br />

5. Richards, j and Rodgers. 1999.<br />

Approaches and Methods in<br />

Language Teaching. Cambridge<br />

University Press<br />

6. Spratt, M.2002. English for the<br />

Teacher. Cambridge University Press<br />

7. Scrivener, J. 1994. Learning<br />

Teaching. Heinemann<br />

8. Spratt, M. et al. 2005. The TKT<br />

Cours. Cambridge University Press<br />

9. Tsitsishvili, R. et al. 2008. Theory<br />

and Practice of English Language<br />

Teaching in Georgia. British<br />

Council Georgia<br />

10. Ur, P. 2005. A Course in Language<br />

Teaching. Practice and Theory.<br />

Cambridge University Press<br />

www.CambridgeESOL.org/exams<br />

www.Taechingenglish.or.uk/think<br />

www.iteslj.org<br />

germanuli ena<br />

(enobrivi nawili)<br />

1. Frey. E.; Fit fuers Goethe-<br />

Zertifikat C1; Hueber Verlag,<br />

Munchen 2007<br />

2. Frey. E.; Fit fuers Goethe-<br />

Zertifikat B2; Hueber Verlag,<br />

Munchen 2007<br />

3. TestDaF; Test Deutsch als<br />

Fremdsprache, TestDaF-Institut<br />

Hagen, 2001<br />

4. Dinsel, S. Reimann, M,; Fit Fuers<br />

Zertifikat Deutsch, Hueber,<br />

Munchen 2000<br />

5. Goethe Institut; Materialien zur<br />

Zentralen Mittelstufenpruefung;<br />

Goethe-Institut, 1997<br />

6. Prufuengen DaF: Einstufungstest<br />

fur Anfanger-und<br />

Fortgeschrittenenkurse; Verlag fur<br />

Deutsch, 1994<br />

http://www.goethe.de/ins/ge/<br />

tif/deindex.htm _ goeTes<br />

instituti, tel: 93 49 85<br />

www.lehrerfreund.de _<br />

sasargeblo rCevebi<br />

maswavleblebisaTvis<br />

www.dipf.de<br />

http://www.testdaf.de/<br />

franguli ena<br />

(enobrivi nawili)<br />

1. Anatole Bloomfield, Emmanuelle<br />

Daill, Nouveau DELF B2; Livre de<br />

L’élève – 200 activités – Collection<br />

dirigée par Isabelle et Rishard<br />

Lescure; ISBN : 978-2-09-032850-<br />

9; EAN13 : 9782090328509. 2006.<br />

2. Beatrice Dupoux, Anne – Marie<br />

Havard, Maylis Martial, Reussir Le<br />

Delf : Niveau B2 du cadre<br />

europeen commun de reference (1<br />

cd audio). 2006.<br />

3. Eliane grandet; Martine Corsain<br />

– activités pour le cadre européen<br />

commun de reference B2 CLE<br />

international 2007<br />

4. Claire Miquel – Vocabulaire<br />

progressif du français, niveau<br />

avancé 1999<br />

5. Michelle Boulares – grammaire<br />

progressive du français, niveau<br />

avancé 1997<br />

meTodika<br />

1. P. Lamaillox, M.H. Amaud –<br />

fabriquer des exercices de français,<br />

Hachette 1996<br />

2. J. Courtillon – Elaborer un cours<br />

de DELF, Paris 2003<br />

3. D. Abrit – Phonetique – Techniques<br />

et pratiques de classe, CLE<br />

interanational 2007<br />

4. C. Tagliante – La classe de langue,<br />

CLE international 2006<br />

5. J. C. Beacco, S. Bouquet, R<br />

Porguier – Niveau B2 pour le<br />

français 2004<br />

6. J. C. Beacco, S. Bouquet, R<br />

Porguier – Niveau B2 pour le<br />

français, un référentiel 2004<br />

http://www.ambafrance-ge.org/<br />

EssaiSPIP/spip.phparticle985<br />

safrangeTis saelCo: 922 850<br />

diumas centri: 922 855<br />

www.edufle.net<br />

www.webfleu.net<br />

www.ciep.fr<br />

rusuli ena<br />

da literatura<br />

www.gramota.ru _ rusuli<br />

enis informaciuli<br />

portali _ leqsikonebi,<br />

gramatikuli cnobari da a.S.<br />

www.1001 skazka.com<br />

www.besplatno.ucoz.ru<br />

www.detstvo.ru

ganaTlebis istoria<br />

N3, 2009 53<br />

dRes, anu<br />

magram istoriaSi is namdvilad<br />

moxvda.<br />

`gibrazdebodi imis gamo, rom<br />

ise ar iqceodi, rogorc adamians<br />

Seefereba. Senma amdenma buzRunma<br />

bolo momiRo, samaris karamde<br />

mimiyvana. me Sen ar gaiZulebdi,<br />

gezida lerwami. lerwmis Rerebi,<br />

romelsac bavSvebi da ymawvilebi<br />

ezidebian, Sen arasodes gizidia.<br />

arasodes miTqvams SenTvis: `gahyevi<br />

Cems qaravnebs!~ arasodes<br />

gamigzavnixar mindorSi saxnavsaTesad,<br />

arasodes gamigzavnixar<br />

mindorSi saToxarze... arasodes<br />

miTqvams SenTvis, wadi imuSave,<br />

me damexmare-meTqi!<br />

sxvebi, Senodenebi, muSaoben,<br />

mSoblebs exmarebian... TiToeul<br />

maTgans 10 guri qeri mainc mohyavs...<br />

Sen ki kaci xar marto maSin,<br />

roca sijiuteze midgeba saqme.<br />

magram maT gverdiT araferi kaci<br />

Sen ar xar. Sen ise ar Sromob,<br />

rogorc isini. maT mamebi aiZuleben<br />

iSromon, me ki Sen maTsaviT<br />

muSaobas ar gaiZulebdi~.<br />

Tu imave mkvlevarebs davujerebT,<br />

Sumeruli skola didad komfortuli<br />

namdvilad ar gaxldaT. merxebi<br />

gamomwvari agurisgan keTdeboda,<br />

bavSvebi qvebze isxdnen,<br />

Tixaze ki werdnen. dasjis meTooTxi<br />

aTasi wlis win...<br />

ras werdnen Sumeri moswavleebi Tixis firfitebze<br />

Tea Tofuria<br />

`yuri migde! kaci ara xar! nu<br />

daeyudebi moedanze, nu ixetialeb<br />

baRebSi. quCaSi rom modixar,<br />

Tvalebs aqeT-iqiT nu aceceb...<br />

usaqmod xetialiT ginda, miaRwio<br />

warmatebas aba, Tvali gadaavle<br />

wina Taobebs. girCev, skolaSi<br />

iaro, es Sen sikeTes mogitans~.<br />

wina Taobebi, romelTaTvis Tvalis<br />

gadavlebasac mama Svils<br />

sTxovda, istoriul warsulSi<br />

ikargebian. Cven maTze bevri<br />

araferi viciT, garda imisa, rom<br />

Turme isinic skolaSi dadiodnen.<br />

werili gulmosuli kacis dawerilia,<br />

visi Svilic gakveTilebs<br />

acdens da momavalze ar fiqrobs.<br />

alag-alag striqonebi ar ikiTxeba,<br />

magram imitom ara, rom gabrazebuli<br />

adamianebi werilebs<br />

gakruli xeliT weren. im dros<br />

qaRaldi saerTod ar arsebobda.<br />

werili Tixis firfitazea Sesrulebili,<br />

lursmnuli damwerlobiT.<br />

igi srulad ar ikiTxeba,<br />

radgan firfitis yvela natexi<br />

mkvlevarebma ver ipoves.<br />

moswavle, romlisadmi mimarTuli<br />

werili axla muzeumSi inaxeba,<br />

3700 wlis win cxovrobda. misi<br />

misamarTi aseTi iyo: qveyana _<br />

Sumeri, qalaqi _ savaraudod,<br />

uruqi. gaugebaria, miaRwia Tu<br />

ara am bavSvma rame warmatebas,

54<br />

di _ gajoxva. Sumerebs am procesis<br />

amsaxveli ieroglific<br />

hqondaT, joxisa da sxeulis gamosaxulebiT.<br />

amis gamo moswavleebs<br />

gakveTilze dagvianebis<br />

erTi orad eSinodaT.<br />

Sumeri moswavlis yoveldRiurobis<br />

Sesaxeb warmodgenas kidev<br />

erTi, Zlivs Sekowiwebuli firfita<br />

iZleva. teqstis avtori<br />

maswavlebelia.<br />

`_ mowafev, sad iyavi ase adre<br />

_ skolaSi<br />

_ ras akeTebdi skolaSi<br />

_ zepirad vTqvi Cemi firfita,<br />

visauzme, movamzade axali firfita,<br />

davwere da davamTavre.<br />

Semdeg momces zepiri davaleba,<br />

naSuadRevs ki _ weriTi davaleba.<br />

skolidan davbrundi Sin, saxlSi<br />

damxvda mamaCemi. me mas vuambe<br />

Cemi weriTi davalebis Sesaxeb,<br />

Semdeg zepirad vuTxari Cemi<br />

firfita, mama kmayofili darCa...<br />

roca diliT adre gaviRviZe, dedas<br />

mivmarTe: `momeci Cemi sauzme,<br />

skolaSi unda wavide!~ dedam<br />

momca ori `funTuSa~ da me gamovedi<br />

saxlidan. dedam momca ori<br />

`funTuSa~ da me wavedi skolaSi.<br />

skolaSi damrigebelma miTxra:<br />

`ratom daigviane~ SeSinebuli<br />

warvsdeqi maswavleblis winaSe da<br />

pativiscemis niSnad Tavi davxare~.<br />

teqstidan irkveva, rom moswavles<br />

Tavis daxram ar uSvela. is<br />

samma maswavlebelma dasaja,<br />

erTma _ laparakisTvis, meorem _<br />

fexze adgomisTvis, mesamem _<br />

skolis WiSkridan gasvlisTvis.<br />

garda amisa, firfitaze naweric<br />

dauwunes da gajoxes.<br />

amis Semdeg moswavlem daiwyo<br />

imaze fiqri, Tu rogor moelbo<br />

maswavleblis guli. Sumeri pedagogebis<br />

anazRaureba didi ar<br />

iyo, amitom maT Zalian siamovnebdaT<br />

saCuqrebis miReba. moswavlem<br />

mama daiyolia, maswavlebeli<br />

saxlSi miepatiJebina. is marTlac<br />

miiwvies, sapatio adgils dasves,<br />

axali samosiT Semoses da TiTze<br />

beWedic gaukeTes. rogorc Cans,<br />

maswavlebeli marTlac molba,<br />

radgan firfita gviambobs, rom<br />

mas moswavlis darigeba dauwyia:<br />

`ymawvilo, vinaidan Sen yurad<br />

giRia Cemi sityvebi da qarisTvis<br />

ar gigitanebia Cemi Segonebani,<br />

SesZleb miaRwio srulyofas...<br />

Sen kargad swavlobdi skolaSi<br />

da naswavli kacic dadeqi~.<br />

miuxedavad am Segonebisa, skolaSi<br />

swavla mainc ar iyo advili saqme.<br />

firfitebidan irkveva, rom bavSvebi<br />

rogorc ki dros ixelTebdnen,<br />

celqobdnen da gakveTilebs<br />

acdendnen. disciplinis dacva<br />

gansakuTrebiT Zneli imis gamoc<br />

iqneboda, rom Sumerul skolaSi<br />

mxolod biWebi swavlobdnen. amitom<br />

bavSvebi ormagi meTvalyureobis<br />

qveS iyvnen, maT calke<br />

maswavleblebi akontrolebdnen<br />

da calke _ mSoblebi.<br />

amgvari `kontroliT~ iwyeba zemoTxsenebuli<br />

werilic, romelic<br />

gabrazebulma mamam dawera. igi<br />

Svils ekiTxeba:<br />

` _ sad iyavi<br />

_ arsadac ar vyofilvar.<br />

_ Tu arsadac ar yofilxar, ma-<br />

Sin usaqmod ras daexetebi. wadi<br />

skolaSi, gamoecxade `skolis mamas~,<br />

mouyevi gakveTili, gaxseni<br />

Seni saskolo CanTa, dawere firfitaze...<br />

roca daamTavreb gakve-<br />

Tilis weras, aCvene damrigebels.<br />

dabrundi CemTan, nu ixetialeb<br />

quCebSi, gaige, rac giTxari<br />

_ gavige da SemiZlia yvelaferi<br />

gavimeoro.<br />

_ maSin gaimeore.<br />

_ axlave gavimeoreb.<br />

_ daiwye-meTqi! miTxari!<br />

_ Sen Tqvi, rom wavide skolaSi,<br />

movyve davaleba, gavxsna Cemi<br />

saskolo CanTa...~<br />

ai, amis Semdeg ki vkiTxulobT monologs,<br />

romelic saukuneebis<br />

win daiwera, magram mainc Tanamedroved<br />

JRers:<br />

`kerpo, jiuto, me gajavrebuli<br />

var Senze, magram vis SeuZlia<br />

marTla ganrisxdes Svilze me<br />

vesaubre Cems naTesavebs da pirvelad<br />

axla SevamCnie erTi ram,<br />

rasac aqamde ver vamCnevdi. kargad<br />

momismine, rasac axla getyvi.<br />

geSinodes maTi da iyavi frTxilad.<br />

Sen ver SeZel Segefasebina<br />

Seni kolega, visTan erTadac<br />

swavlob. ratom ar cdilob ajobo<br />

mas ecade, daemsgavso Sens<br />

ufros Zmas, ecade, daemsgavso<br />

umcros Zmas... ase daawesa adamianis<br />

bedi enlilma: dae, ganagr-<br />

Zos Svilma mamis saqme! dRedaRam<br />

Senze fiqri mtanjavs, Sen ki mTel<br />

dReebs siamovnebaTa ZiebaSi flangav.<br />

bevri simdidre daagrove,<br />

gasuqdi, gasqeldi, beWebi gagiganierda,<br />

Ronieri da mediduri<br />

Seiqeni. magram mTeli Seni sana-<br />

Tesao moTminebiT elis, rodis<br />

dagatydeba Tavs ubedureba. gauxardebaT<br />

kidec, vinaidan ar indome,<br />

adamiani gamosuliyavi...~<br />

da radgan avtori mainc mSobelia<br />

da ara skolis zedamxedveli, teqsti<br />

Svilis dalocviT mTavrdeba:<br />

`Tan gaxldes mudam nannaris,<br />

Seni RmerTis wyaloba,<br />

Tan gaxldes mudam qalRmerTis,<br />

nangalis kurTxeva!~<br />

momzadebulia wignis `istoria<br />

iwyeba Sumeridan~ (avtori: semiuel<br />

n. krameri) mixedviT

esursebi<br />

N3, 2009 55<br />

daiTvaleT varskvlavebi...<br />

gakveTilze<br />

varskvlavebiT moWedili ca, planetebi da namdvili<br />

teleskopi saswavlo procesis nawilia, Tu gakveTili<br />

namdvil planetariumSi tardeba<br />

bela CekuriSvili<br />

`araferi maocebs ise, rogorc<br />

varskvlavebiani ca Cems zemoT da<br />

sindisis xma Cems gulSi~, _ emanuel<br />

kantis es gamonaTqvami me-10<br />

sajaro skolis me-6 klaselebma<br />

jer ar ician da arc kantis saxeli<br />

smeniaT, magram Tbilisis moswavleTa<br />

sasaxlis planetariumSi<br />

varskvlavebiT moWedili cis danaxva<br />

maTSic uamrav kiTxvas badebs.<br />

`mze rom Cadis da ferad-feradi<br />

sxivebi warmoiqmneba, im sxivebs<br />

ra iwvevs SeiZleba dedamiwa rom<br />

orbitas moswydes Savi xvreli<br />

rogoria sxva planetebze namdvilad<br />

ar aris sicocxle maias<br />

tomebs rom sjerodaT ucxoplanetelebis<br />

arsebobis..~<br />

bavSvebi varsklavebiT moWedil<br />

cas Sehyureben. amgvari cis naxva<br />

mxolod umTvaro, mowmendil<br />

Rames SeiZleba soflad, an mTa-<br />

Si. aq yvela varskvlavi Cans, romelTa<br />

danaxva SeuiaraRebeli<br />

TvaliT aris SesaZlebeli. aseTi<br />

sul sami aTasia. ciala maswavlebeli<br />

gvixnis, rom maT Soris 25<br />

mcire planetas qarTuli saxelebi<br />

hqvia: Tamar mefe, daviT<br />

aRmaSenebli, lado gudiaSvili,<br />

evgeni xaraZe, abasTumani. es saxelebi<br />

varskvlavebs ucxoelma<br />

astronomebma daarqves.<br />

CrdiloeT polusze varT da mzis<br />

da varskvlavebis moZraobas<br />

vakvirdebiT, mere ekvatorze<br />

vimyofebiT da Tanavarskvlavedebs<br />

viTvliT.<br />

darbazSi `Cakrulo~ ismis da kosmosur<br />

xomald `voiajeriT~ moswavleebi<br />

Ria kosmosSi mihqrian.<br />

maT ciala maswavlebeli uxsnis,<br />

rom 1978 wels gaSvebuli amerikuli<br />

xomaldi `voiajeri~ dResac<br />

mifrinavs da Tu igi odesme iseT<br />

planetaze daeSveba, sadac adamianebis<br />

msgavsi arsebebi cxovroben,<br />

isini magnitur firze<br />

Caweril msoflio klasikosebis<br />

nawarmoebebTan erTad qarTul<br />

`Cakrulosac~ moismenen.

56<br />

rogori egonaT dedamiwa Zvel<br />

babilonelebs wyalSi mdgar<br />

svetebze damagrebuli dedamiwisa<br />

da mis Tavze gadaWimuli brolis<br />

TaRis sanaxavad ciala maswavlebeli<br />

ukve diapozitivebs<br />

iyenebs da bavSvebic adamianTa<br />

warmodgenebis evolucias mihyvebian:<br />

spiloze dasmuli dedamiwa,<br />

aristoteles pirveli aRmoCena<br />

da misi cnobili sityvebi:<br />

radgan mTvareze dedamiwis<br />

Crdili mrgvalia, dedamiwac<br />

mrgvali iqnebao. Semdeg ciala<br />

maswavlebeli WeSmaritebis ZiebisaTvis<br />

dasjil mecnierebze mouTxobs<br />

bavSvebs: aristarqe<br />

ramiselze, nikoloz koperniksa<br />

da jordano brunoze, romelmac<br />

sxva planetaze sicocxlis<br />

arseboba dauSva.<br />

`mere masw, arsebobs~ _ SekiTxvac<br />

ar agvianebs da ciala maswavlebeli<br />

CvenTan yvelaze axlos myof<br />

andromedas galaqtikaze iwyebs<br />

saubars, romlamde sinaTlis<br />

sxivis miRwevasac 2 milioni<br />

weli sWirdeba.<br />

ra icodnen qarTvelebma kosmosis<br />

Sesaxeb ciala maswavlebeli<br />

`vefxistyaosnis~ im strofebs<br />

kiTxulobs, sadac avTandili 7<br />

planetas mimarTavs da mzis mizidulobis<br />

Zalas axsenebs. meeqvseklaselebma<br />

es strofebi jer<br />

ar ician, magram winaparTa ganswavlulobiT<br />

aSkarad moxiblulni<br />

rCebian: `SoTa rusTavelma<br />

icoda, rom dedamiwa brunavda!~<br />

_ erTxmad askvnian.<br />

mere diapozitivebis daxmarebiT<br />

planetebis aRlumi iwyeba da<br />

yvelani warmosaxviT kosmosur<br />

xomaldebSi vsxdebiT, nil armstrongTan<br />

erTad mTvareze gadavdivarT<br />

da hablis teleskopiT<br />

foto-suraTebs viRebT. ramdenime<br />

wuTSi ukve kometebsa da<br />

kudian varskvlavebze iwyeba<br />

`Woraoba~: `2062 wels dedamiwas<br />

haleis kometa mouaxlovdeba.<br />

Zalian kaSkaSa kometaa da Tu<br />

Cvenamde daSlili saxiT moaRwevs,<br />

maSin SesaZloa Tqven varskvlavebis<br />

wvima ixiloT. kometis nar-<br />

Cenebi atmosferoSi gaifanteba.<br />

Tu ase ar moxda, maSin kaSkaSa<br />

kometa Caivlis da es ori kviris<br />

manZilze gagarZeldeba~, _ ambobs<br />

ciala maswavlebeli.<br />

bavSvebi iZabebian, roca saubari<br />

dedamiwaze sicocxlis gadarCenas<br />

exeba: `aCqardeba mze~ _ kiTxuloben<br />

cota ar iyos SeSinebulebi.<br />

`samyaroSi wesrigia da kosmosic<br />

wesrigs niSnavs~, _ ambobs ciala<br />

maswavlebeli da bavSvebs aimedebs:<br />

`samyaro gaCerebuli ar<br />

aris, yvelaferi moZraobs, ibadeba,<br />

viTardeba da kvdeba. varskvlavebic<br />

ibadebian da kvdebian,<br />

mere zogi `pulsarad~ gardaiqmneba,<br />

zogi _ `TeTr jujad~, zogic<br />

_ `Sav xvrelad~.<br />

5 miliardi wlis Semdeg mze gaibereba,<br />

gaizrdeba, yvelafers<br />

dafaravs da Caylapavs. misi masa<br />

mTlianad nisleuls Seqmnis da<br />

bolos afeTqdeba. afeTqebis Sedegad<br />

mis centrSi patara, Zalian<br />

kaSkaSa varskvlavi gaCndeba... da<br />

mze iqneba ukve `TeTri juja~.<br />

magram manamde 5 miliardi weli<br />

unda gavides... Tqven nu geSiniaT~...<br />

ceisis aparatis `mcire planetariumi~<br />

Tbilisis moswavleTa sasaxleSi<br />

1965 wels daidga. ciala<br />

feraZe ki am kabinetSi 1969 wlidan<br />

muSaobs. maSin `planetariumis~<br />

mizani moswavleTa Soris<br />

astronomiis miRwevebis popularizacia<br />

iyo. amgvari mowyobiloba<br />

sabWoTa kavSirSi mxolod<br />

moskovis pionerTa sasaxles<br />

hqonda. Tbilisis `planetariums~<br />

abasTumnis observatoria uwevda<br />

zedamxedvelobas da is uamravi<br />

sademonstracio aRWurviloba,<br />

rasac am kabinetSi naxavT, akademikos<br />

evgeni xaraZis naCuqaria.<br />

saleqcio darbazSi 40-50 bavSvi<br />

eteva. zogjer adgili rom ar<br />

aris, ciala maswavlebeli patarebs<br />

Taroebzec Camosvams<br />

xolme.<br />

astronomiis kabineti skolebis<br />

moTxovnis Sesabamisad muSaobs _<br />

imis mixedviT, romeli skola rodis<br />

gadawyvets leqciis mosmenas.<br />

planetriumSi xSirad modian<br />

bunebis, geografiisa da fizikis<br />

maswavleblebi moswavleebTan<br />

erTad. leqcia erT akademiur<br />

saaTs grZeldeba.

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