enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ... enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
damana meliqiSvili enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi _ I-II, 2009 qarTuli zmnis uRlebadi formebis gramatikuli klasifikaciisa da kvalifikaciis principebi (meTodologiuri imanentizmis Suqze) II. gvarisa da diaTezis kategoriebis urTierTmimarTebisaTvis qarTulSi 1 1928 wels arnold Ciqobavam Tavis sadoqtoro disertaciaSi `martivi winadadebis problema qarTulSi~, dasva principuli sakiTxi enaTmecnierebaSi `meTodologiuri imanentizmis~ Sesaxeb, rac gulisxmobs (da moiTxovs) imas, rom gramatikuli movlenebis aRweriTi analizisas am movlenebis klasifikacia-kvalifikacia unda xdebodes Sesaswavli obieqtidan, konkretuli enis bunebidan, masalidan amosvliT (unda iTqvas, rom es moTxovna ara mxolod gramatikul, aramed nebismier empiriul mecnierebas unda edos safuZvlad). am meTodologiuri sakiTxis wamoweva saWiro gaxda imis gamo, rom aRweriTi gramatikebis `sxvadasxva mimdinareoba struqturul cnebaTa Camoyalibebisas emyareba funqciis niSan-Tvisebebs. am mimarTulebebSi (igulisxmeba logicizmi, fsiqologizmi) angariSi ar eweva istoriul- SedarebiTi enaTmecnierebis ZiriTad daskvnas: erTi da igive aRsaniSni sxvadasxva enaSi (erTsa da imave enaSic misi ganviTarebis sxvadasxva periodSi) SeiZleba gadmoices sxvadasxvagvarad: funqciis erTgvaroba struqturis erTgvarobas ver gansazRvravs. erTi sityviT, ver gamar- Tlda racionaluri gramatikis (resp. filosofiuri gramatikis) Ziri- Tadi debuleba, TiTqos logikur kategoriaTa erTianoba SesaZlebels xdides `universalur~ (`zogad~) gramatikas: `universalurad~ (`zogadad~) es gramatika miaCndaT imitom, rom igi `racionaluri~ iyo, logikur kategoriebs emyareboda~ (Ciqobava 1928:09). mas mere gavida aTeuli wlebi da, miuxedavad imisa, rom zogi sakiTxis Seswavlas es sruliad samarTliani meTodologiuri moTxovna udevs safuZvlad, qarTul gramatikul literaturaSi `logikis eqspansiis~ problema daZleuli ar aris da igi yovel nabijze iCens Tavs, gansakuTrebiT ki qarTuli zmnis piris niSnebis kvalifikaciisa da uRlebadi formebis klasifikaciisas. 1 „qarTuli zmnis uRlebadi formebis klasifikaciisa da kvalifikaciis principisaTvis, I. piris niSanTa gamoxatvis sistema qarTulSi~ ix. enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi, I, 2008:123-128. 78
jer kidev ar aris daZleuli dionise Trakielidan gamosuli evropuli gramatikuli literaturis gavlena: qarTulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli bevri specifikuri enobrivi movlena am, aRweriTi gramatikebis Tval- TaxedviTaa gaazrebuli da kvalificirebuli (es gansakuTrebiT zmnasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs Seexeba). amitom saWirod mimaCnia, gavixsenoT arn. Ciqobavas ramdenime principuli debuleba misi fuZemdebluri naSromis II gamocemis winasityvaobidan (Ciqobava 1968): 1. `universaluri gramatika~ SeuZlebelia imitom, rom ar arsebobs universaluri gramatikuli struqtura (Tumca sxvadasxva enebis struqturaSi gamoricxuli araa gvqondes calkeuli saerTo struqturuli niSnebi). 2. enis mecnieruli Seswavla...…gulisxmobs rogorc struqturis, ise funqciis Seswavlas, magram SeuZlebeli xdeba struqtura (struqturuli kategoriebi) aRvweroT funqciis (funqcionalur kategoriaTa) mixedviT da piruku. 3. struqturuli cnebebi struqturuli niSnebis mixedviT unda CamovayaliboT, funqcionaluric, Sesabamisad _ funqcionaluri niSnebis mixedviT: manZili ar gaizomeba wonis erTeulebSi (kilogramebiT). 4. enis aRwerisas CvenTvis saxelmZRvanelo princips warmoadgens homogenurobis principi, rogorc safuZveli `meTodologiuri imanentizmisa~: cneba unda Seicavdes niSnebs, romlebic imanenturia aRsaweri obieqtisa- Tvis, Sesaswavli obieqtisaTvis Sinaganad damaxasiaTebeli erTi enis gramatika ver iqneba meore enis gramatikis `Targmani~: erTi qalaqis gegmis mixedviT ver davaTvalierebT (ver gavecnobiT) meores (iqve, gv. 010). arn. Ciqobava principulad icavda Tavis debulebebs logicizmis winaaRmdeg gramatikaSi (rac dionise Trakielis Tecnh, grammatikh,-dan moyolebuli, danergili iyo aRweriTs gramatikebSi), radganac es pozicia mecnierulad sworad miaCnda. es, TiTqos sruliad naTeli, gasagebi, mtkiced argumentirebuli da ucilobeli principebi davas ar unda iwvevdes, magram isini qarTuli zmnis kategoriebis gansazRvrisas da kvalifikaciisas, aseve, zmnuri formebis analizisa da klasifikaciisas xSiradaa darRveuli, rasac bevri auxsneli Seusabamoba da enobrivi faqtebis mcdari Sefaseba mosdevs. Cveni mizania vaCvenoT es Secdomebi, mizezebi am Secdomebisa da `meTodologiuri imanentizmis~ principidan gamomdinare, movaxdinoT qar- Tuli zmnis uRlebadi formebis gramatikuli klasifikacia, rac, Tavis mxriv, qarTuli zmnis gramatikuli kategoriebis swori kvalifikaciis saSualebas mogvcems. 79
- Page 28 and 29: 1998 101. mca nawilakis erTi funqci
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- Page 46 and 47: vaxtang imnaiSvili enaTmecnierebis
- Page 48 and 49: imnaiSvilis werili, 4 romelSic, Zir
- Page 50 and 51: 17) endersis gadayeneba sabolood ga
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- Page 56 and 57: ucxouridanaa Semosuli qarTulSi, maT
- Page 58 and 59: 7) kvireebi (j. beTaneli, gancdili
- Page 60 and 61: Vakhtang Imnaishvili Some Questions
- Page 62 and 63: arTi orkoli Rvini qofCuni, arTi pap
- Page 64 and 65: Guram Kartozia The Formation of the
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- Page 68 and 69: TanxmovanTgamyar `i~-sTan dakavSire
- Page 70 and 71: literatura gigiberia 1958: e. gigib
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- Page 74 and 75: q. xecxEpiE (`albaT {mo}etacebina~)
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- Page 80 and 81: Cveni kvleva emyareba qarTuli enis
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- Page 96 and 97: Damana Melikishvili On the Grammati
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- Page 100 and 101: z s Z c w יz יs יZ יc יw _ S j
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- Page 106 and 107: place in Georgian - *J > z and *sib
- Page 108 and 109: lic axasiaTebs mimReobebs da sawyis
- Page 110 and 111: Ciqobava 1938: a. Ciqobava, Wanur-m
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- Page 120 and 121: magram maTi SerwymiT miiReba Tvisob
- Page 122 and 123: Sdr., aseve: a. lomTaZe Tvlis (1987
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jer kidev ar aris daZleuli dionise Trakielidan gamosuli evropuli<br />
gramatikuli literaturis gavlena: qarTulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli<br />
bevri specifikuri enobrivi movlena am, aRweriTi gramatikebis Tval-<br />
TaxedviTaa gaazrebuli da kvalificirebuli (es gansakuTrebiT zmnasTan<br />
dakavSirebul sakiTxebs Seexeba).<br />
amitom saWirod mimaCnia, gavixsenoT arn. Ciqobavas ramdenime principuli<br />
debuleba misi fuZemdebluri naSromis II gamocemis winasityvaobidan<br />
(Ciqobava 1968):<br />
1. `universaluri gramatika~ SeuZlebelia imitom, rom ar arsebobs<br />
universaluri gramatikuli struqtura (Tumca sxvadasxva enebis struqturaSi<br />
gamoricxuli araa gvqondes calkeuli saerTo struqturuli<br />
niSnebi).<br />
2. enis mecnieruli Seswavla...…gulisxmobs rogorc struqturis, ise<br />
funqciis Seswavlas, magram SeuZlebeli xdeba struqtura (struqturuli<br />
kategoriebi) aRvweroT funqciis (funqcionalur kategoriaTa) mixedviT<br />
da piruku.<br />
3. struqturuli cnebebi struqturuli niSnebis mixedviT unda<br />
CamovayaliboT, funqcionaluric, Sesabamisad _ funqcionaluri niSnebis<br />
mixedviT: manZili ar gaizomeba wonis erTeulebSi (kilogramebiT).<br />
4. enis aRwerisas CvenTvis saxelmZRvanelo princips warmoadgens homogenurobis<br />
principi, rogorc safuZveli `meTodologiuri imanentizmisa~:<br />
cneba unda Seicavdes niSnebs, romlebic imanenturia aRsaweri obieqtisa-<br />
Tvis, Sesaswavli obieqtisaTvis Sinaganad damaxasiaTebeli erTi enis<br />
gramatika ver iqneba meore enis gramatikis `Targmani~: erTi qalaqis<br />
gegmis mixedviT ver davaTvalierebT (ver gavecnobiT) meores (iqve, gv.<br />
010).<br />
arn. Ciqobava principulad icavda Tavis debulebebs logicizmis<br />
winaaRmdeg gramatikaSi (rac dionise Trakielis Tecnh, grammatikh,-dan<br />
moyolebuli, danergili iyo aRweriTs gramatikebSi), radganac es pozicia<br />
mecnierulad sworad miaCnda. es, TiTqos sruliad naTeli, gasagebi,<br />
mtkiced argumentirebuli da ucilobeli principebi davas ar unda iwvevdes,<br />
magram isini qarTuli zmnis kategoriebis gansazRvrisas da kvalifikaciisas,<br />
aseve, zmnuri formebis analizisa da klasifikaciisas xSiradaa<br />
darRveuli, rasac bevri auxsneli Seusabamoba da enobrivi faqtebis<br />
mcdari Sefaseba mosdevs.<br />
Cveni mizania vaCvenoT es Secdomebi, mizezebi am Secdomebisa da<br />
`meTodologiuri imanentizmis~ principidan gamomdinare, movaxdinoT qar-<br />
Tuli zmnis uRlebadi formebis gramatikuli klasifikacia, rac, Tavis<br />
mxriv, qarTuli zmnis gramatikuli kategoriebis swori kvalifikaciis<br />
saSualebas mogvcems.<br />
79
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