enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...

vania da mravalferovani (Sinaarsis gadmocema yvela enaSia SesaZlebeli
da es, ra Tqma unda, gadamwyvetia, magram aq Cven im rigebis Sesaxeb vsaubrobT,
romelTa msgavsic frangulSi ar Segvxvedria: tatani _ titini
_ tutuni, WaWyani _ WiWyini _ WuWyuni da a.S.). Cven qarTuli formebis
mcire ganxilvas SemogTavazebT istoriis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tan qarTulfrangul
TargmniT leqsikonSi arsebul Sesabamisobebze gavamaxvilebT
yuradRebas (risi moZiebac SesaZlebeli aRmoCnda).
etimologiur leqsikonSi *bod- Zirs ori mniSvneloba ukavSirdeba,
rogorc dRevandel qarTulSi, moipoveba Sesatyvisobebi megrulsa da lazurSi:
megr. bord-, bord-iS-i `bodva~; laz. bod-, o-bod-u `bodva; arevdareva;
kruxis mousvenroba~. svanuri ekvivalenti jer ucnobia, sabasTan
es sityva saerTod ar aris ganmartebuli, xolo Tanamedrove gageba qar-
Tvelur enebSi dadasturebul uZveles viTarebas emTxveva. ase rom, es
sityva dRemde myarad inarCunebs semantikur mniSvnelobas.
qaqani, WiWyini, jijRini-jajRani-jujRuni, yayani, CiCini, CifCifi,
roxroxi, Wartali, cacxani _ etimologiur leqsikonSi ar Segvxvda.
sulxan-saba naTqvamis nairferovnebis CamoTvla-klasifikaciisas iseT
sityvebsac ixseniebs, romlebic dRes calke aRebuli ar gulisxmoben
mniSvnelobis mqone xmianobas, aseTia, magaliTad: alersi _ `kacTa momadlebisa
da tkbilTa Sesaqcevelad~ (saba); dRes aseve cota gansxvavebuli
mniSvnelobis matarebelia cundruki, rac ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mixedviT
ugvanod xtomas an mCated qcevas, qarafSutobas niSnavs; xolo
sabasTan igi isea ganmartebuli, rogorc saubris erT-erTi saxeoba:
`yurTa Sina sityvisa Tqmasa _ cundruki, romel ars CurCna~; e. i. saba
CurCuls dabal xmaze laparaks eZaxis _ `Cumsa da dabalsa sityvisa
Tqmasa _ CurCuli~, sadac Tanamosaubre SeiZleba igulisxmebodes da
SeiZleba _ ara, Tumca calke gamotanili CurCuli yurSi Tqmada aqvs
ganmartebuli; cundruki ufro dakonkretebuli mniSvnelobis mqonea da
iseT saubars gulisxmobs, romelic aravis esmis, radgan TanamosaubrisTvis
yurSia naTqvami. es ori sityva imitom gavmijneT, rom saba maT
sinonimebad ar miiCnevs; dRes cundruki sakmaod uaryofiT konteqstSi
ixmareba xolme da imaze ityvian, vinc uadgilod, Seufereblad iqceva
sazogadoebaSi, am sityvas CurCulTan namdvilad anaTesavebs gamoyenebis
Sefaseba, radgan arc CurCuli iTvleba sazogadoebaSi karg tonad. magram
faqtia, rom dRes CurCuli Tavis ZirZvel mniSvnelobasac inarCunebs
(dabal xmaze laparaks) da Tavisi meore mniSvnelobac ar daukargavs
(yurSi Tqma), piriqiT, ufro meti intensivobiT ixmareba; xolo cundrukma
sruliad dakarga metyvelebis gamomxatveli sityvis funqcia da
qcevis aRmniSnvelad iqca. sainteresoa sityva CurCna, rac CurCulis
Semdegaa leqsikonSi da `mcire CurCuls~ niSnavs. es sityva saliteraturo
qarTulSi aRar arsebobs am mniSvnelobiT da sruliad sxva Zirs
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