inkluziuri ganaTleba saqarTveloSi
inkluziuri ganaTleba saqarTveloSi
inkluziuri ganaTleba saqarTveloSi
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hainrih biolis fondis ofisSi<br />
2011 wlis 5 oqtombers gamarTuli<br />
sajaro diskusia Temaze:<br />
“<strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong> <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>”<br />
ZiriTadi momxseneblebi:<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmebis centri, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministro, <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis<br />
koordinatori<br />
ana arganaSvili _ saqarTvelos saxalxo<br />
damcvelis aparatis warmomadgeneli<br />
nana gegeliSvili – biblioTeka-kulturuli<br />
centris, “Tanadgoma” Tavmjdomare<br />
moderacia: giorgi gvaxaria
gogi gvaxaria _ saRamo mSvidobisa, qalbatonebi da batonebo. rodesac Cveni wina<br />
Sexvedra am Temaze biolis fondSi gaimarTa, maxsovs, rom diskusiis dasrulebis<br />
Semdeg erT-erTma stumarma gvisayvedura, rogor vicavdiT SezRuduli<br />
SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebis uflebebs, rodesac imasac ki ver vxvdebodiT, rom<br />
Cvens ofisSi yvela ver Semovidoda. yvelas mosdis Secdoma da dRes TqvenTan erTad<br />
albaT am Secdomebzec visaubrebT. albaT yvelaze mniSvnelovania is kulturuli<br />
garemo da sivrce, romelSic vcxovrobT da yvelani ase Tu ise damokidebulebi varT<br />
am sivrceze. did dros aRar wagarTmevT. sityvas gadavcem TaTia paWkorias, romelic<br />
gaxlavT erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis centris, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministros warmomadgeneli, <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis koordinatori. Semdeg ukve<br />
gveqneba SesaZlebloba movisminoT kritika imisa, Tu rogor mimdinareobs <strong>inkluziuri</strong><br />
ganaTlebis procesi <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ es gaxlavT centri, romelic pasuxismgebeli ar aris saswavlo<br />
strategiebze zogadad ganaTlebis sistemis yvela dawesebulebaSi. ase rom me<br />
pasuxismgebeli gaxlavarT <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis principebis danergvaze<br />
saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi. mokled giambobT istorias, Tu rogor daiwyo da<br />
ganviTarda <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis principebis danergva.<br />
<strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis pirveli saxelmwifo proeqtis danergva erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmebis centrSi 2006 wels daiwyo. es pirveli nabiji norvegiis ganaTlebisa da<br />
mecnierebis saministrosTan TanamSromlobiT gadaidga. manamde arasamTavrobo<br />
organizaciebs hqondaT patara proeqtebi da gamocdileba. Cven es didi, saxelmwifo<br />
proeqti maTTan TanamSromlobiT SevqmeniT.<br />
dReisTvis regionebSi am proeqtis meore faza xorcieleba. mokled mogaxsenebT im<br />
problemebze da Sedegebze, rac 2006 wlidan dRemde gvaqvs. pirveli, rac SeiZleba<br />
miRwevad miviCnio, aris is, rom erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s<br />
mieZRvna calke Tavi. rac imas gulisxmobs, rom skolebTan aRar gvWirdeba brZola da<br />
raRacis mtkiceba. erovnul saswavlo gegmas aqvs kanonis Zala da iq Zalian garkveviT<br />
weria, rom es aris aRiarebuli midgoma qarTuli saganmanaTleblo sistemisa da<br />
gulisxmobs specialur saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone moswavleebis skolebSi<br />
swavlas. ar vxmarob termins ,,SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone~, vinaidan es gaxlavT<br />
termini, romelic janmrTelobis models moicavs. CvenTvis yvela moswavle,<br />
ganurCevlad imisa, SezRuduli SesaZlebloba aqvs, Tu socialurad SeWirvebulia,<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqonea. anu, moswavle, romelsac specialuri<br />
momsaxureoba sWirdeba, an specialuri meTodologiuri midgoma, an ufro martivad,<br />
gariyulia skolidan, am bavSvebis saskolo procesSi CarTva warmoadgens <strong>inkluziuri</strong><br />
ganaTlebis mizans.<br />
miRwevad mimaCnia is, rom dRes Zalian bevri adamiani saubrobs inkluziur<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze. imitom rom Tavis droze, rodesac daviwyeT am proeqtze muSaoba,<br />
SeuZlebeli iyo agvexsna adamianebisaTvis Cveni mizani. maxsovs, Cemze ambobdnen, rom<br />
Zalian ucnaur raRacas veubnebodi maT, magram radgan saministrodan viyavi,<br />
iZulebulebi iyvnen, moesminaT. es adamianebi ver xvdebodnen, raze vlaparakobdiT.<br />
minda giTxraT, ra keTdeba yovelwliurad erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis mixedviT.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis centri saqarTvelos yvela skolis maswavleblebs<br />
2
yovelwliurad urigebs gzamkvlevebs da damxmare masalas, Tu rogor unda CarTon ama<br />
Tu im ganviTarebis darRvevis Tu problemis mqone moswavle saskolo procesSi.<br />
namdvilad vamayobT am wignebiT, magram jer kidev did problemebTan aris<br />
dakavSirebuli maTi skolaSi gamoyeneba. Zalian bevri skola ver an ar iyenebs am<br />
wignebs. es gaxlavT pirveli wigni ,,viswavloT erTad~, is Zalian didia, 500-<br />
gverdiania da moicavs yvela centralur sakiTxs. aq Sedis socialuri, samedicino,<br />
saganmanaTleblo sakiTxebi. saubaria inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze da aris satreningo<br />
modulebi da statiebi. meore wigni gaxlavT gzamkvlevi skolis maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
da Zalian gamosadegi wignia maswavleblebisaTvis, Tu rogor unda Seqmnan<br />
individualuri saswavlo gegmebi. mogexsenebaT, Cveni bavSvebi swavloben<br />
individualuri saswavlo gegmiT, romelic warmoadgens erovnuli saswavlo gegmis<br />
modifikacias, adaptacias. princips, Tu rogor unda moxdes yvelasTvis saerTo<br />
centraluri programis morgeba individualurad, specialuri saganmanaTleblo<br />
saWiroebis mqone moswavleze, am sakiTxs eZRvneba es gzamkvlevi.<br />
Zalian sainteresoa wigni swavlis unaris darRvevis mqone moswavleTa ganaTlebis<br />
Taobaze. es yvelaze rTuli sakiTxi gaxlavT, imitom rom mentaluri ganviTarebis<br />
darRvevis mqone moswavleebis <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s exeba da yvelasTvis naTelia, rom es erTerTi<br />
yvelaze rTulad gadasawyveti sakiTxia maswavleblisaTvis, Tu rogor CarTos<br />
saswavlo procesSi mentaluri ganviTarebis mqone moswavle.<br />
garda amisa gvaqvs <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis pirveli leqsikonic, sadac yvela terminia<br />
Sesuli, romelic moicavs saganmanaTleblo, janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs.<br />
aris sxva wignebic. imis Tqma minda, rom saswavlo masalebi, damxmare masalebi<br />
namdvilad arsebobs da es wingadadgmuli nabijia. imitom rom yvela qveyana<br />
yovelwliurad erT an or damxmare saxelmZRvanelos skolebSi ver arigebs.<br />
maswavleblebi am masalebze dayrdnobiT mudmivad unda gadiodnen trenings, maT<br />
mudmivad unda iyenebdnen. magram samwuxarod, es xSirad ase ar xdeba. maT urCevniaT<br />
dagirekon da gkiTxon.<br />
rac Seexeba <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis models, masze saministro zrunavs. am modelze<br />
muSaoba jer ar dasrulebula. is moicavs yvela aspeqts, maT Soris Zalian mtkivneul<br />
dafinansebis sakiTxs. 2006 wlidan dRemde Zalian bevri mniSvnelovani ram gakeTda.<br />
Cveni saubari rom ufro dinamiuri iyos, mirCevnia, sxva gamomsvlelebsac movusminoT<br />
da kiTxvebze gipasuxoT. am SemTxvevaSi Tqveni interesebic ufro naTeli gaxdeba.<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ didi madloba qalbatono TaTia. axla albaT logikuri iqneba<br />
qalbaton nana gegeliSvils movusminoT.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ mogesalmebiT. Tqven imyofebiT organizaciaSi ,,biblioTekakulturuli<br />
centri ,,Tanadgoma~. biblioTeka funqcionirebs imdenad, ramdenadac, rac<br />
ki literatura arsebobs am Temaze, CvenTan aris Tavmoyrili.<br />
15 wlis win poloneTSi daiwyo <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis programa. pirvelad, rodesac<br />
skolebi yvela bavSvisTvis gaixsna, rogorc leqtors, Zalian meSinoda sakuTari<br />
arakompetenturobis gamo. da meore absurdi _ rodesac reqtori SemekiTxa, ra xdeba<br />
am mxriv <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>, vupasuxe, rom <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> Zalian cotaa an TiTqmis ar aris<br />
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piri. es logikuri pasuxi iyo, imitom rom TvaliT<br />
ar myavda aseTi bavSvebi nanaxi. rogorc ki davbrundi <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong>, es reformac<br />
3
daiwyo. Tavidanve misi erT-erTi aqtiuri wevri gavxdi. Zalian rTuli procesia,<br />
Zalian didi siaxlea. <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> aTiode wlis win daiwyo, magram Zalian nela<br />
midis. aris bevri problema, tkivili, magram minda giTxraT, rom es problemebi albaT<br />
gamoswordeba, Tu mSoblebi aqtiurad iqnebiT CarTulni. es ar unda iyos bavSvebis<br />
skolaSi meqanikuri Seyvana, rasac xSirad emsgavseba, Tu specialuri programebi ar<br />
moyva da Tu pedagogebi ar gadamzaddnen. rogorc TaTiam mogaxsenaT, literatura<br />
ukve arsebobs. Cveni organizaciis veb-gverdzec aris ganTavsebuli informacia<br />
mSoblebisTvis.<br />
rodesac konferenciebs veswrebiT, mTavari kiTxva, romelic miCndeba, aris, ra Secdoma<br />
dauSva ama Tu im qveyanam <strong>inkluziuri</strong> gnaTlebis programebis dawyebisas. pasuxi<br />
TiTqmis yvela qveyanas erTnairi aqvs _ es moxda daCqarebulad, programis dawyebis<br />
pirvel periodSi xarisxi Zalian dabali iyo da meqanikur CarTvas emsgavseboda.<br />
zogierT SemTxvevaSi Cvenc gvaqvs aseTi Secdomebi daSvebuli. Secdomebi, ra Tqma<br />
unda, siaxles moyveba, magram isini unda gamoswordes. gamoswordeba, Tuki mSoblebi<br />
moiTxovT xarisxian <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s. sakmarisi ar aris programis mxolod socializaciis<br />
kuTxiT mimarTva.<br />
Zalian did yuradRebas uTmoben mSoblebi bavSvze reabilitacias jandacvis kuTxiT.<br />
es gasagebia, misi mizania etlidan bavSvis wamodgoma, magram reabilitacia ganaTlebis<br />
kuTxiT erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovania. mSoblebi Sefasebulebi arian, rogorc<br />
yvelaze motivirebulebi, magram erT-erTi yvelaze didi xarvezi aris is, rom zedmeti<br />
yuradRebiT bavSvebs damoukidebeli cxovrebis elementebs arTmeven. Tumca<br />
gasamarTlebeli maTac aqvT, imitom rom rodesac Cvens ucxoel kolegebs vekiTxebiT,<br />
rodis iwyeba bavSvis reabilitacia, gvpasuxoben, rom nulovani asakidan,<br />
mucladyofnis periodidan. aseTi centrebi CvenTan Tu aris, Zalian sustad aris<br />
warmodgenili da es mimarTulebac gansaviTarebelia. mSobeli absoluturad<br />
moumzadebelia imisTvis, rac win elodeba. cxovreba sul sxvanairad unda daigegmos<br />
am SemTxvevaSi. minda mSoblebs mivmarTo, rom aucileblad gaiTvaliswinon bavSvebis<br />
es programa, romelsac ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro axorcielebs. erTi<br />
didi minusia is, rom formula gaTvlili Tqvens bavSvebze ar aris. Tqveni bavSvebi<br />
iReben vauCers da amiT yvelaferi mTavrdeba. mTel msoflioSi, rogorc wesi, vauCers<br />
mohyveba specialuri saWiroebebis Tanxa. Tqven es unda moiTxovoT da yuradReba<br />
miaqcevinoT amaze. sxva SemTxvevaSi xarisxian <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s am kuTxiT ver miiRebT. Tu<br />
geqnebaT SekiTxvebi am programaze, siamovnebiT gipasuxebT.<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ didi madloba. axla anas movusminoT. man miTxra, rom ufro<br />
kritikuli iqneba imis mimarT, rac xdeba <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> am kuTxiT. SegaxsenebT, ana<br />
gaxlavT saxalxo damcvelis aparatis warmomadgeneli.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ mogesalmebiT. vidre kritikul SeniSvnebze gadavidode, ar SeiZleba<br />
ar aRvniSno, rom miuxedavad yvelafrisa, <strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong> aris erT-erTi<br />
yvelaze warmatebuli sfero, imitom rom dinamikas vxedavT. SezRuduli<br />
SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis sxva sferoSi xSirad iseTi gayinulia<br />
situacia, ar SeiZleba es programa ar davafasoT.<br />
me cota miWirs inkluziaze saubari. Tu mas ase amoglejilad ganvixilavT, daiwyo<br />
<strong>inkluziuri</strong> swavleba, magram Tu araferi adaptirebuli ar aris, transporti ar aris<br />
4
da bavSvi mecxre sarTulidan ver Camodis, inkluziaze laparaki SeiZleba cota<br />
cinikuradac JRerdes. CvenTan yoveldRe modian adamianebi, romlebic mekiTxebian,<br />
rogor wavidnen adaptirebul skolaSi, romc iyos aseTi.<br />
2010 wels saxalxo damcvelis iniciativiT zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonSi Sevida<br />
cvlilebebi, romlebic inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s ergeboda, vinaidan manamde dawyebuli<br />
programa kanonmdeblobiT ar yofila gamyarebuli. miuxedavad amisa, dRes Zalian cota<br />
skolaa adaptirebuli. skolis da inkluziis arsi mTlianad ikargeba, Tu adamiani ar<br />
iRebs socialur daxmarebebs, romlis meSveobiTac ojaxma unda SeZlos misi<br />
mxardaWera ganaTlebis periodSi. Zalian bevr qveyanaSi dedas, mSobels ganixilaven,<br />
rogorc momvlels da damatebiT benefitsac aZleven.<br />
minda Sevexo meqanikur inkluziasac. ori Tvis win Sevxvdi bavSvs, romelic sami<br />
welia inkluziaSia da mxolod wels dainteresda maswavlebeli, mas laparaki<br />
SeuZlia Tu ara. saqme is aris, rom Cven yvelas dabali moTxovnilebebi gvaqvs. bavSvis<br />
skolaSi Sesvla sakmarisi gvgonia, arada, xSirad is SeiZleba gariyuli iyos, calke<br />
merxTan ijdes da aravin ekiTxebodes, rogor grZnobs iq Tavs.<br />
inkluziis garda skolebSi aris sxva uamravi problema. magaliTad, bavSvis mimarT<br />
Zaladobis problema. yvelam viciT, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebi<br />
erT-erTi yvelaze mowyvladi jgufia. maSin ratom ar arian bavSvis mimarT Zaladobis<br />
winaaRmdeg brZolisas gaTvaliswinebulebi es bavSvebi. Cven gvaqvs aseTi qeisebi. aravin<br />
ar saubrobs imaze, xom ar dascinian da abuCad xom ar igdeben Tanatolebi am<br />
bavSvebs. saerTod, uRirT Tu ara iseT skolaSi siaruli, sadac arc viciT, Tavs<br />
rogor grZnoben.<br />
erT SemTxvevaze minda mogaxsenoT. bavSvebma, romlebic iyvnen inkluziaSi,<br />
utransportobis gamo ver iares skolaSi da skolis damamTavrebeli gamocdebis dros<br />
vikipediis meSveobiT mecadineobdnen, rac cota Zneli warmosadgenia. me mekiTxebodnen<br />
es bavSvebi, ra unda qnan skolis damTavrebis Semdeg. arc erTi saxelmwifo umaRlesi<br />
saswavlebeli ar aris adaptirebuli. amitom svamen kiTxvas, risTvis iswavles da<br />
Zalian rTulia, am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema.<br />
kidev erTi sakiTxi minda davayeno, inkluzia ar SeiZleba mxolod zogierT bavSvs<br />
Seexos. bavSvTa saxlebSi myofi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebis<br />
mdgomareobis monitoringisas aRmoCnda, rom maTTvis ar aris xelmisawvdomi<br />
<strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong>. es bavSvebi ratom moxvdnen ormagi da sammagi diskriminaciis<br />
qveS? es kiTxvebi Riad aris darCenili da Cven yoveldRiurad gviwevs amaze muSaoba.<br />
didi madloba.<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ didi madloba, ana. axla TaTias mivceT SesaZlebloba, upasuxos<br />
gamoTqmul SeniSvnebs.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ geTanxmebiT, es problemebi arsebobs da kidev aris damatebiT sxva<br />
problemebic. erTi, rac minda vTqva, ar arsebobs cneba ,,<strong>inkluziuri</strong> skolebi~.<br />
kanonisa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, yvela skola valdebulia mzad iyos<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone moswavleebis misaRebad.<br />
5
ana arganaSvili _ magram faqtobrivad es xom ar aris ase. skolas ar SeuZlia<br />
Sesabamisi servisis SeTavazeba.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ geTanxmebiT. sapilote da Cveulebriv skolebs Soris mainc aris<br />
gansxvaveba, magram principSi bavSvis miyvana nebismier skolaSia SesaZlebeli. Tumca,<br />
bevri problema dagxvdebaT. amitom am bavSvebis miyvana mainc sapilote skolebSi<br />
jobia. samwuxarod, es sakiTxebi dafinansebis problemebs ukavSirdeba da namdvilad<br />
aris gadasawyveti. bevrs fiqroben, ra formiT unda daematos Tanxa, rogorc vauCeris<br />
danamati, Tu skolebs mieniWoT prioriteti. amaze zrunva dawyebulia. Tu bavSvi<br />
aRiares specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone moswavled, da mas sWirdeba<br />
specialuri meTodologia da saswavlo strategia, mas Sesabamisad sWirdeba sxva<br />
Tanxac, imitom rom sWirdeba specialuri ganaTlebis maswavlebeli, Tu fizikur<br />
darRvevasTan gvaqvs saqme, sWirdeba adaptacia. anamac Tqva da mec vadastureb, rom<br />
Senobebi adaptirebuli ar aris. adaptacia marto skolaSi Sesvla ar aris. is<br />
moiTxovs specialur tualetebs, resurs-oTaxs.<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ mec maqvs erTi kiTxva. mapatieT, Tu is Zalian gulubryvilod<br />
mogeCvenebaT. ramdenad aris gaTvaliswinebuli inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>Si, konkretulad<br />
romel SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebzea saubari. dRes interviu aviRe<br />
qalbatoni manana SarabiZisgan. mogexsenebaT, 10 oqtomberi aris fsiqikuri<br />
janmrTelobis dRe da man gviTxra, rom am dRis aRniSvnis ZiriTadi mizani iqneba is,<br />
rom adamianebma, biznesmenebma, kerZo mewarmeebma daasaqmon es adamianebi. radgan<br />
samsaxurSi ar ahyavT adamiani, romelzec gaigeben, rom eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi raRac<br />
problemebi hqonda.<br />
aq iyo saubari gadaadgilebis saSualebebTan dakavSirebul problemebze, magram aris<br />
fsiqikuri problemebic. ramdenad aris gaTvaliswinebuli es sakiTxi.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ idea iTvaliswinebs yvela im adamians, romelic saswavlo<br />
procesisgan gariyulia. aq igulisxmeba janmrTelobis yvelanairi problema, maT Soris<br />
fsiqikuric. magram realoba is aris, rom gonebrivi ganviTarebis darRvevis mqone<br />
moswavle sakmaod bevria da yvelaze rTuli gadasawyvetia maTi sakiTxi. yvelanairi<br />
moswavle gvyavs skolebSi. zogi CarTulia <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis programaSi, zogs<br />
aqvs individualuri gegma, zogi ignorirebuli da mitovebulia. <strong>inkluziuri</strong><br />
ganaTlebis idea aravis gamoyofs. magram yvelaze mtkivneuli fsiqikuri janmrTelobis<br />
problemebis mqone bavSvebis sakiTxis gadawyvetaa. manana SarabiZesTan<br />
vTanamSromlobdiT kidec. es samedicino sferosTvisac Zalian rTuli sakiTxia.<br />
fizikuri problemebis sakiTxi SedarebiT gadawyvetilia.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ fsiqikuri darRvevis mqone pirebis dasaqmebis sakiTxs gvaxvevs<br />
evropa Tavs. Tu CveniT ar mivalT aqamde, sabolood mainc unda mivideT aqamde. xeli<br />
gvaqvs mowerili iuneskos programaze, magram es imas ar niSnavs, rom radgan<br />
inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s xeli movawereT da <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis principebi daiwyo,<br />
yvela problema gadaiWra. fsiqikuri darRvevebis mqone pirebis dasaqmebas evropul<br />
qveynebSic didi problemebi aqvs. da es sfero evropaSu aRebuli aqvs mxolod<br />
arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. sxva SezRudvebis SemTxvevaSi 90%-mde yvela<br />
dasaqmebulia. fsiqikuri darRvevebis mqone pirebi CvenSi ufro socialur sawarmoebSi<br />
arian dasaqmebulebi.<br />
6
gogi gvaxaria _ axla ukve darbazsac mivceT azris gamoTqmis saSualeba. vaxuSti<br />
menabdes movusminoT.<br />
vaxuSti menabde, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia _ qalbaton TaTiasTan<br />
ramdenime kiTxva maqvs. Tqven brZaneT, rom gadasawyvetia vauCerizaciis problema. Cemi<br />
azriT problema principSi gadawyvetilia, imitom rom kanonSi Caiwera, rom<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone bavSvebi gazrdili vauCeriT unda<br />
dafinansdnen, anu unda iyos programuli dafinanseba. mainteresebs, Tu meTanxmebiT,<br />
rom es asea, maSin ra aris gadasawyveti. es imas niSnavs, rom asma mSobelma rom<br />
waiRos sasamarTloSi saqme, asivesTan waagebs saministro. imitom rom kanonSi es<br />
yvelaferi calsaxad weria.<br />
meore sakiTxi. ar vici, ramdenad gaZlevT Tqveni pozicia am sakiTxze pasuxis gacemis<br />
SesaZleblobas. saministro axorcielebs skolebis reabilitaciis programas da axal<br />
skolebsac aSenebs. aq Tu aris gaTvaliswinebuli is sakiTxebi, romlebzec aq iyo<br />
saubari.<br />
Cven aq visaubreT zogad <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze. aq Tu raRac keTdeba, saerTod ar gadadgmula<br />
nabiji profesiuli da umaResi ganaTlebis mimarTulebiT. iqneb am Temazec gviTxraT<br />
rame. gmadlobT.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ rac Seexeba vauCers. erTi sakiTxia vauCeri da meore, skolebis<br />
motivacia. me vfiqrob, rom skolebs sWirdebaT programuli dafinanseba. am<br />
TvalsazrisiT skola ar aris motivirebuli. ki batono, vauCeri miyveba skolaSi<br />
moswavles, magram jer arc erTi precedenti ar viciT, rom vinmes gaesaCivrebina es<br />
sakiTxi.<br />
Cemi kompetenciis sfero gaxlavT saswavlo strategiebi. skolebis reabilitacia da<br />
adaptacia ar aris Cemi uSualo kompetenciis sfero. amitom SemiZlia mokled<br />
gipasuxoT, rom axali skolebis aSenebis dros standarti am sakiTxs iTvaliswinebs.<br />
rac Seexeba resurs-oTaxebs, isini yvela sapilote skolaSi arsebobs.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ kanonSi marTlac Cadebulia, rom skolebis reabilitacia unda<br />
moxdes da yvela axali skola am principebiT Sendeba. magram aravin aRricxavs<br />
realurad, keTdeba es ase Tu ara. kanoni aris, magram Tu mSenebeli daarRvevs mas,<br />
misi dasjis meqanizmi, Tavidan gaakeTebinon is, rac darRveviT aris gakeTebuli, ar<br />
arsebobs.<br />
_ me-60 skola, sadac Cemi Svili swavlobs, im aTi skolidan erT-erTi pirveli iyo,<br />
sadac sareabilitacio samuSaoebi Catarda. Zalian kmayofili var direqtoris. yvelam<br />
iciT, rac gakeTda. magram Tu saministro ar daexmareba skolas, ar gamoZebnis<br />
saxsrebs da am aT skolas mainc ar gaukeTeben liftebs, arafers azri ara aqvs.<br />
rogor vataroT bavSvebi? pirvel sarTulze sul eqvsi oTaxia da aqedan oTxi<br />
dakavebulia. erTi tualeti gakeTda pirvel sarTulze. aq 24-e skolis moswavleebis<br />
mSoblebi arian. aRmaSeneblis gamziri xom keTdeba, arsad ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi. erTi adgilic ki ar aris, sadac pandusi<br />
iqneba gakeTebuli.<br />
7
TaTia paWkoria _ me mxolod im sakiTxebze SemiZlia gipasuxoT, romlebzec<br />
pasuxismgebloba maqvs aRebuli. SemiZlia gipasuxoT Tqveni Svilis individualuri<br />
saswavlo gegmis xarisxze, swavlebis procesze.<br />
_ me var etliT mosargeble gogonas mSobeli. bavSvi me-7 klasSia. gonebrivad<br />
araferi uWirs, Cveulebrivad Zlevs programas da ar sWirdeba individualuri<br />
programa. Cvens skolaSi bevri aseTi bavSvia. mainteresebs, visi gadasawyvetia, resursoTaxisTvis<br />
kidev damatebiT pedagogis ayvana?<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ modiT, SevTanxmdeT. dRes Cven inkluziur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze vsaubrobT.<br />
qalbatoni TaTia ar aris pasuxixmgebeli liftebis damontaJebaze.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ specialuri ganaTlebis pedagogi Zalian sasargebloa skolisTvis,<br />
magram yvela skolas ara aqvs misi daqiravebis saSualeba.<br />
_ Zalian xSirad direqtorebi Tanxebis ararsebobas asaxeleben.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ diax, es samwuxaro realobaa. mogaxsenebT, rom multidisciplinuri<br />
gundi, romelic muSaobs ganaTlebis saministroSi da emsaxureba rogorc Tbilisis,<br />
ise regionebis skolebs, garkveulwilad xsnis am problemas. Tu mimarTeT<br />
multidisciplinur gunds da ar movidnen da ar dagexmarnen, es calke sakiTxia.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ Tqveni pretenzia xarisxian <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s exeba. vaxuStimac Tqva,<br />
rom kanoni xels giwyobT. magram Tu did britaneTSi yovelwliurad mSoblebis 30<br />
aTasamde Civilis Semcveli gancxadebaa, specialuri saswavleblebis Tu skolebis<br />
saxelze, <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> aseTi qeisi ar arsebobs. amitom piradad me girCevT, kanonebi<br />
iswavleT kargad da aamuSaveT isini, radgan Tqveni Svilis xarisxian <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze<br />
Tqven agebT pasuxs.<br />
infrastruqturaze meriaa pasuxismgebeli. Tqven SegiZliaT werilobiT mimarToT<br />
merias, uCivloT mas. Tu ar gaaqtiurdebiT kanonebis Zalis qveS, sxva Tqvens bavSvebze<br />
ar ifiqrebs.<br />
bela sonRulaSvili, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone bavSvis mSobeli, socialuri<br />
dacvis ligis Tavmjdomare, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos socialuri uzrunvelyofis<br />
departamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgile _ 21 seqtembers aseTi bavSvebi daloca<br />
patriarqma. es didi RonisZieba iyo. 32-punqtiani programaa Sedgenili. Tu<br />
sapatriarqom SeZlo donorebis mopoveba, gvinda sareabilitacio centric gavakeToT,<br />
sadac aseT bavSvebs ufasod movemsaxurebiT.<br />
<strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> aseTi statusiT 8852 bavSvia. aqedan mxolod 20%-ia siRaribis zRvars<br />
qveviT. 6 aTas bavSvze mets aranairi saSualeba ara aqvs imisTvis, rom<br />
zestandartuli momsaxureba miiRos. mxolod pensia aqvT gamoyofili. pensia Cveni<br />
SvilebisTvis ar gazrdila. ra Tqma unda, ganaTlebis saministros es ar exeba.<br />
socialuri dacvis ligam wels SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone bavSvTa da maT<br />
mSobelTa dacvis mizniT SeimuSava socialuri dacvis paketi. mogexsenebaT,<br />
<strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> arsebobs samTavrobo komisia, es aris socialuri integraciis komisia<br />
da is <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> 2009 wels Seiqmna, magram jer arc erTi sxdoma ar Cautarebia.<br />
8
2010 wels unda Catarebuliyo sakanonmdeblo bazis revizia. magram arc es<br />
Catarebula. Cvenma organizaciam sakuTari ZalebiT movaxerxeT reviziis Catareba,<br />
ZiriTadad baltiispireTis qveynebze dayrdnobiT. mivmarTeT prezidentis<br />
administracias, mTavrobas da parlaments. mesame Tvea ganixileba es sakiTxi, Sedegebs<br />
velodebiT. iq Tavmoyrilia moTxovnebi, rac Cvens Svilebs sWirdeba.<br />
ramdenime konkretul moTxovnas davasaxeleb. pirveli logopedis saWiroebas exeba.<br />
arc erT skolas ara aqvs imis saSualeba, rom logopedi aiyvanos. amitom rodesac<br />
ganaTlebis sistemaSi <strong>inkluziuri</strong> programa iqmneba, logopedis instituti unda<br />
daafinansos. sxva SemTxvevaSi is resurs-oTaxebi araferSi gvWirdeba. aseve<br />
dasaregulirebelia usafrTxo gadaadgilebis sakiTxebi, imitom rom mogexsenaT,<br />
travmatizmi skolebSi Zalian maRalia. aseve mniSvnelovania sabavSvo baRebis sakiTxi.<br />
mainteresebs isic, aseTi bavSvebisTvis baRebSi swavleba ufasoa Tu ara. diRomSi<br />
arsebobda sabavSvo baRi smenadaqveiTebuli bavSvebisTvis, magram gauqmda. aseTi<br />
bavSvebi saxlSi gauSves. ra qnan maT? calke sakiTxia sanitaruli oTaxebis,<br />
sapirfareSoebis mdgomareoba. kidev erTi moTxovnaa umaRlesSi swavlis sakiTxi.<br />
umaRlesebSi Zalian maRali gadasaxadia, ratom ar SeiZleba, rom aseTi bavSvebisTvis<br />
swavla ufaso iyos. aseve aucilebelia mSobelTa fsiqologiuri daxmarebis centris<br />
gaxsna. es aucileblad unda iyos Cadebuli <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis programaSi.<br />
kidev or sakiTxze minda Tqveni yuradRebis SeCereba. <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong> arsebobs<br />
socialuri dacvis Sesaxeb kanoni, sadac weria, rom nebismier aseT adamians, bavSvi<br />
iqneba Tu ufrosi, individualuri ganviTarebis programa unda gaukeTdes. samwuxarod<br />
CvenTan es ar aris. da bolos, dasaqmebis sakiTxi. saqarTvelos amJamad ara aqvs<br />
dasaqmebis politika. qveyanaSi, sadac saerTod ar arsebobs dasaqmebis politika,<br />
rogor SeiZleba SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa dasaqmebaze visaubroT?<br />
gmadlobT.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ lela Caxaias vxedav darbazSi. aq daisva SekiTxva adreul<br />
prevenciaze, skolamdel asakze. vfiqrob, lela mogvawvdis informacias, Tu ra<br />
keTdeba am mimarTulebiT. rac Seexeba Tqvens mier dasmul SekiTxvebs, isini Zalian<br />
aqtualuria, magram samwuxarod, me ar SemiZlia maTze kompetenturi pasuxis gacema.<br />
lela Caxaia, gaeros bavSvTa fondis skolamdeli ganviTarebis konsultanti _<br />
sabavSvo baRebi ekuTvnis municipalitetebs da ara ganaTlebis saministros. amitom<br />
TiToeuli municipaliteti TviTon gadawyvets, ra politika hqondes baRebTan<br />
dakavSirebiT. TbilisSi rogorc iciT fasiani gaxda skolamdeli <strong>ganaTleba</strong>, magram<br />
specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone bavSvebisTvis meriis dadgenilebiT,<br />
baRebi ufasoa. Tbiliss gareT damokidebulia adgilobriv municipalitetebze. am<br />
dadgenilebis mixedviT, eseni arian bavSvebi, romlebsac dadgenili aqvT statusi, da<br />
iseTebic, romlebic moitanen organizaciebis daskvnas, rom maT aqvT specialuri<br />
saganmanaTleblo saWiroeba.<br />
sofiko Todua, gazeTi `24 saaTi~ _ me ar mesmis, rogor daiwera saswavlo programa,<br />
rodesac erTmaneTzea gadabmuli fizikuri da mentaluri problemebi. Cvens yuris<br />
receptorebs ratomRac Zalian aRizianebs sityva ,,invalidi~ da dagvidgines, rom unda<br />
vixmaroT SSmp. am dros aravis ainteresebs, rogor dawereT programa, rodesac<br />
9
sakiTxebi or institucias Soris aris gabneuli. aravin arafers ambobs imaze, rom<br />
Camoyalibdes erTi institucia, romelic am yvelafers gaaerTianebs.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ wignebi, romlebic vaxsene, samecniero kvlevebs efuZneba. arsebobs<br />
centraluri, erTiani erovnuli saswavlo gegma. arseboben bavSvebi, romlebsac aqvT<br />
gansxvavebuli saWiroebebi. arsebobs individualuri gegma, romelic gulisxmobs<br />
profesionalebis mier bavSvebis Sefasebas, maTi unarebis da saWiroebebis dadgenas.<br />
Semdeg ukve am saWiroebebidan gamomdinare rekomendaciebis micemas skolisaTvis.<br />
Sesabamisad, maswavlebeli, multidisciplinuri gundi da sxva profesionalebi iReben<br />
erovnul saswavlo gegmas, gzamkvlevebs, romlebic yovel wels gamodis, da am bavSvs<br />
individualur saswavlo gegmas udgenen. aq gaTvlilia bavSvis mokle da grZelvadiani<br />
miznebi da SesaZleblobebic. Tu am bavSvma Tavisi SesaZleblobebis maqsimums miaRwia,<br />
maRali Sefasebac eqneba da klasidan klasSic gadava. es aris Zalian seriozuli<br />
meTodologiuri wignebi, sadac naTlad aris aRwerili ra principebiT unda Sedges<br />
individualuri saswavlo gegma da sxvadasxva darRvevebis mixedviT rogor unda<br />
moxdes erovnuli saswavlo gegmis adaptacia.<br />
smenadaqveiTebuli moswavle sul ori gvyavda, isic narCeni smeniT. isev finansebis<br />
sakiTxamde mivdivarT. arsebobs spec.skola TbilisSi smenadaqveiTebuli bavSvebisTvis.<br />
guSin Sedga molaparakeba organizacias ,,gadavarCinoT bavSvebi" da Cvens centrs<br />
Soris da smenadaqveiTebuli bavSvebisTvis qarTulsa da maTematikaSi Seiqmneba masalis<br />
adaptirebuli versiebi. wlis bolos daibeWdeba gzamkvlevi maswavleblebisaTvis,<br />
rogor unda moeqcnen smendaqveiTebul moswavleebs, rodesac isini Cveulebriv<br />
skolaSi arian.<br />
sofiko Todua, gazeTi `24 saaTi~ _ ra principiT vaswavliT?<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ es aris pirveli qarTul enaze gamocemuli Jesturi leqsikoni,<br />
romelic Cvenma centrma 2008 wels gamosca. aseTi leqsikoni arsebobs da dRes<br />
skolebSi Jestur enas aswavlian. Tumca Zalian bevri mSobeli amis winaaRmdegia.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ Cveni organizacia monawileobda kvlevaSi. ganaTlebis done yru<br />
bavSvTa skolaSi Zalian dabal donezea. rasac ver vityvi usinaTlo bavSvTa<br />
specializebul skolaze. amis mizezi iyo is, rom jer kidev sabWoTa periodSi<br />
amoiRes swavlebidan Jesturi ena, anu bavSvebs waarTves Tavisi ena. Znelad<br />
mimdinareobs maTi integracia sazogadoebasTan. pozitiuri is, rom dRes nel-nela<br />
isev Semodis Jesturi ena. mTel msoflioSi Zalian rTulad miiCneva am bavSvebis<br />
inkluziur skolebSi Caricxva, magram idealuri modeli aris aseTi, rodesac smenis<br />
armqone bavSvi Sedis skolaSi, mTel klass, mis amxanagebs aswavlian Jestur enas. es<br />
aris idealuri modeli. aq jerjerobiT es ar aris.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ rasac vusmen yvelaferi sainteresoa, magram Cven aqcents jer<br />
saxelmwifos resursebze vakeTebT da mere adamianis uflebebze. maqvs kiTxva, ramdeni<br />
bavSvia SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone da vinaidan yvela bavSvisTvis dawyebiTi<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong> aris savaldebulo, maTgan ramdeni iRebs dawyebiT <strong>ganaTleba</strong>s. anu, sakiTxs<br />
ase unda SevxedoT, ramdeni unda gvqondes, rom yvela bavSvis ufleba daculi iyos<br />
da ara ise, ramdeni resursi gvaqvs da ras gaswvdeba igi.<br />
10
TaTia paWkoria _ statistikis sakiTxi Zalian rTulia. arsebobs im bavSvebis<br />
statistika, romlebic poliklinikebSi arian registrirebulebi. ar arsebobs<br />
statistika im bavSvebisa, romlebic saxlebSi sxedan da skolaSi ar dahyavT<br />
mSoblebs, radgan esircxvilebaT maTi gamoCena. SeuZlebelia iyos statistika swavlis<br />
unaris darRvevaze. imitom rom isini ar arian daregistrirebulebi.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ mesmis, rom mSobels SeiZleba eridebodes, magram saxelmwifo xom<br />
valdebulia am mSobels uTxras, rom unda daexmaros mas. ver gadavitanT<br />
pasuxismgeblobas mSobelze, romelic stigmis gamo bavSvs malavs. poliklinikaSi an<br />
sxva sistemaSi unda iyos es statistika.<br />
Tamar isakaZe, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro, multidisciplinuri gundebis<br />
monitoringis jgufi _ pirvel rigSi minda SegaxsenoT, rom <strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong><br />
aris <strong>ganaTleba</strong> yvelasaTvis. iseTi kiTxvebi ismeba inkluziis irgvliv, gvetyoba, rom<br />
inkluzia marTlac postsabWour sivrceSi dagviwyia, radgan yvelasTvis aris es<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong> _ imisTvis, vinc bolo merxze zis, imisTvis, vinc bevrs acdens, vinc<br />
siRaribis gamo ver dadis skolaSi xSirad. inkluziis mizania, yvela CaerTos Tavisi<br />
SesaZleblobebis da survilebis mixedviT. piradad me umetesad vawydebi problemebs<br />
ganwyobebsa da damokidebulebebSi. Cven gvgonia, rom cnobierebis problema, ris gamoc<br />
xSirad mSobeli uars ambobs bavSvis skolaSi miyvanaze ufro pirvelxarisxovania,<br />
vidre pandusis arseboba, romelic am mentalobis pirobebSi SeiZleba verc gamoiyeno.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ Zalian gTxovT, gamovideT bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciidan, romelic<br />
yvela bavSvs exeba. rodesac gvaqvs situacia, roca mSobeli Tavis uflebas ar<br />
asrulebs, Cveulebriv situaciebSi mas SeiZleba SeezRudos an CamoerTvas mSoblis<br />
ufleba. dRes vambobT, rom Turme mSobeli stigmis da sircxvilis gamo SeiZleba<br />
malavdes bavSvs. rogor SeiZleba amis ignorireba. es ukve kanonis darRveva. mSobelma<br />
ar SeiZleba bavSvis ufleba daarRvios arc erT SemTxvevaSi. saxelmwifos<br />
pasuxismgeblobas ver avaridebT. Tu vxedavT, rom mSobels uWirs da amitom ver<br />
asrulebs Tavis movaleobas, unda davexmaroT, rom Seasrulos. Tu vxedavT, rom ar<br />
asrulebs, maSin saxelmwifo unda Caerios da es valdebuleba Sesruldeba. me ara<br />
mgonia, rom stigma, mSoblis Sexedulebebi da moZvelebuli mentaliteti iyos imis<br />
gamarTleba, rom bavSvma raRac ver miiRos.<br />
Tamar isakaZe, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro, multidisciplinuri gundebis<br />
monitoringis jgufi _ ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros, rogorc vici, aqvs<br />
strategia mSoblebTan samuSaod. vici problemebic, magram bevri warmatebuli<br />
magaliTic vici inkluziisa. proeqtis, ,,<strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong> aT regionSi~,<br />
strategia iTvaliswinebs swored mSoblebTan muSaobas. minda giTxraT, rom es<br />
yvelaze rTulia. igive fizikuri garemos mowyobis sakiTxze, kargi iqneba maTgan<br />
wamovides moTxovna. yovelTvis sxva ver mogawvdiT. Tqven TviTon unda moiTxovoT.<br />
nana faliani, sportuli cekvis profesionalTa sabWos viceprezidenti _ rogorc<br />
vatyob, am darbazSi sportis dargis erTaderTi warmomadgeneli var. mainteresebs<br />
mokled mainc SevexoT am sakiTxs, ra kuTxiT aris Sesuli am skolebSi sagani<br />
,,fizikuri <strong>ganaTleba</strong> da sporti". Cveni dargi gaxlavT paraolimpiuri saxeoba,<br />
amdenad sazogadoebasTan integraciisTvis fizikuri <strong>ganaTleba</strong> da sporti<br />
11
aucilebelia. miT umetes, rom es iTvaliswinebs am bavSvebis moZraobis<br />
unarSezRudulobis ganviTarebas.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ UNICEF-მა saministrosTan erTad sportis da fizikuri aRzrdis<br />
strategia SeimuSava, sadac ra Tqma unda, adgili daeTmo Cvens bavSvebsac. Cvens<br />
centrSi sul erTi Tvea rac daiwyo erTi patara proeqti. es gaxlavT sapilote<br />
xuTi skola, sadac sportis da fizikuri aRzrdis gakveTilebSi nel-nela CaerTvebian<br />
iq myofi moswavleebi. ver getyviT, rom proeqtis farglebSi bevr bavSvs movicavT, es<br />
iqneba samodelo proeqti, Tu rogor unda vimoqmedoT am mimarTulebiT.<br />
nana faliani, sportuli cekvis profesionalTa sabWos viceprezidenti _ iqneb<br />
gviTxraT rogor CaverToT am proeqtSi. iqneb SemdgomSi gafarTovdes kidec igi.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ kargi iqneba, Tu mobrZandebiT centrSi. jerjerobiT laparakia am<br />
bavSvebis SesaZleblobebis Sefasebaze. proeqtSi CarTulia Tqveni dargis<br />
specialistic, sportis eqsperti.<br />
nino ClaiZe, mSobeli _ Zalian kargia, rom es yvelaferi inergeba, da aris saamiso<br />
survili da mcdeloba. magram imisTvis, rom survili realobad iqces, mainteresebs,<br />
mimdinareobs Tu ara monitoringi imisa, Tu rogor aswavlian Cvens bavSvebs. Cems<br />
pirad magaliTze getyviT. SarSan me-20 skolaSi, sadac Cemi Svili dadis, araferi<br />
gakeTebula. vxedavdi survils da mondomebas maswavleblis mxridanac, fsiqologis<br />
mxridanac, saresurso oTaxic arsebobda, magram realurad araferi gakeTebula. me<br />
mgoni gvaqvs stafis problema, es xalxi ar aris kompetenturi imaSi, ris gakeTebasac<br />
vTxovT.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ es marTlac Zalian didi problemaa. maswavlebelTa gadamzadebis<br />
procesi ukve daiwyo da did imedebs vamyarebT amaze. imitom rom rogorc ukve<br />
giTxariT, arsebobs masalebi, satreningo modulebi, wignebi. jerjerobiT, geTanxmebiT,<br />
maswavlebelTa kvalifikacia am dargSi ar aris saTanado. isini jer kidev ar arian<br />
mzad am mtkivneuli da seriozuli problemebis gadawyvetisTvis. erTaderTi gza aris<br />
maswavlebelTa mudmivi gadamzadeba <strong>inkluziuri</strong> ganaTlebis mimarTulebiT.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ Tqven axseneT me-20 skola. es ar yofila sapilote skola.<br />
stafis asamaRleblad erTaderTi gamosavali SeiZleba iyos kvalifikaciaSi<br />
Casabarebeli gamocdebi. sagamocdo moTxovnaSi erT-erTi punqti exeba inkluziur<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong>s. maswavlebeli Tu ar aris motivirebuli da ar unda, is iZulebuli mainc<br />
iqneba waikiTxos damxmare masala.<br />
kaxa beraZe, sazogadoebrivi kolejis, es-bi-ei-s direqtori _ aq ZiriTadad saSualo<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze iyo saubari, Tumca daisva SekiTxva ra xdeba profesiuli ganaTlebis<br />
mimarTulebiT. Cven wels miviReT pirveli studentebi da aRmoCnda, rom gvyაvs<br />
mxedvelobis unarSezRuduli studenti. rom velodoT ras gadawyvets saministro, ra<br />
meTodologias SeimuSaveben profesiuli ganaTlebis kuTxiT, maSin am bavSvs didxans<br />
mouwevs lodini. amitomac Cveni resursebiT raRacas mainc vaxerxebT. specialurad am<br />
bavSvisTvis viwerT leqciebis audioversias, romelsac igi saxlSi ismens. deda aseve<br />
exmareba konspeqtebidan swavlaSi. es bavSvi erT-erTi saukeTesoa jgufSi. Zalian didi<br />
survili maqvs CaverToT maswavlebelTa momzadebis programebSi, Tumca vSiSob, rom<br />
12
ZiriTadi yuradReba sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebs daeTmoba da mere gaxdeba<br />
xelmisawvdomi kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli prebisTvis, rogorsac Cven warmovadgenT.<br />
profesiuli programis aranakleb 40%-sa moicavs praqtikul komponents. Cven<br />
vaswavliT profesias da ar vaZlevT mxolod Teoriul codnas. rogor moviqceT am<br />
bavSvis SemTxvevaSi, romelic, darwmunebuli var, brwyinvaled aiTvisebs Teoriul<br />
nawils. Caricxvaze uars ver vetyodiT. magram mas ar SeuZlia programis srulad<br />
aTviseba. vdgavarT problemis winaSe, rogor mivaniWoT kvalifikacia, rodesac is<br />
programas srulad ver aiTvisebs. gvirCieT, ra kvalifikacia mivceT aseT SemTxvevebSi.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ profesiuli ganaTlebis komponenti axlaxans gadasces ganaTlebis<br />
xarisxis marTvis centrs. dawyebulia muSaoba strategiaze. axlaxans Camosuli iyo<br />
germaneli eqsperti, romelsac SevxvdiT yvelani, visac ki Sexeba gvaqvs inkluziur<br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong>sTan. jerjerobiT mimdinareobs samuSao versiebze saubari. es procesia,<br />
erTdroulad yvelaferi ver iqneba.<br />
cira barqaia, specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWirobebis mqone pirTa ganaTlebis<br />
magistri, organizaciis, ,,pirveli nabiji _ saqarTvelo~, TanamSromeli, fsiqologi _<br />
me minda gamovexmauro qalbaton nanas naTqvams. Rrma pativiscemis miuxedavad ver<br />
daveTanxmebi mas, rom maswavleblebi iZulebulebi unda gaxdnen, rom waikiTxon<br />
damxmare literatura, raTa miyvnen standartebs. Tqven dasawyisSic aRniSneT, rom<br />
evropuli standartebi gvaiZuleben mivyveT am standartebs. Cemi azriT, <strong>inkluziuri</strong><br />
<strong>ganaTleba</strong> aris erT-erTi midgoma, erT-erTi saxis momsaxureba, romelic SeiZleba<br />
SevTavazoT SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvs. saxelmwifo strategia<br />
<strong>inkluziuri</strong> <strong>ganaTleba</strong>a Tu SeiZleba yuradReba mivaqcioT integrirebul <strong>ganaTleba</strong>sa<br />
da specskolebsac, ara im saxiT, ra saxiTac dRes arsebobs da sabWoTa gadmonaSTia,<br />
da ZiriTadad paTologiasa da koreqciazea dafuZnebuli, aramed im axleburi<br />
standartebiT, romelebic Cvens mier mowonebul norvegiaSic arsebobs. Tumca arc<br />
isini aRiareben, rom specskolebi aqvT da maT alternatiul skolebs uwodeben. da iq<br />
qcevis problemebis mqone bavSvebic ki gadahyavT.<br />
aseve mainteresebs, rodemde unda vatreningoT is pedagogebi, romlebsac iZuleba<br />
sWirdebaT midgomis Sesacvlelad da rodis mivaqcevT yuradRebas umaRlesi<br />
saganmanaTleblo programebis daxvewa-ganviTarebas.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ Tqven Tavad ara erTxel dagitreningebiaT es maswavleblebi. kargi<br />
iqneboda aq yofiliyo profesiuli ganaTlebis departamentis xelmZRvaneli, romelic<br />
oficialurad iqneboda pasuxismgebeli msgavs kiTxvebze epasuxa. gansakuTrebiT maTze,<br />
romlebic materialur bazasa da dafinansebas exeba. umaRles <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze verafers<br />
getyviT, imitom rom arc es aris samwuxarod Cemi kompetenciis sfero.<br />
rac Seexeba specskolebs, amis Taobaze, koncefciaze, rom iyos resurscentri da ara<br />
specskola, iyos tranzituli Sualedi skolasa da moswavles Soris, romelic<br />
SeiZleba amdidrebdes mis codnas, TavisTavad iyos Zalian mravalfunqciuri da iq<br />
maswavlebelTa gadamzadebis komponentic arsebobdes, muSaoba mimdinareobs. aseTi<br />
specskolebis idealuri magaliTi Cven gvinaxavs norvegiaSi, sadac malaven, rom is<br />
aqvT.<br />
13
eka kutubiZe, qalთa demokratiis qseli _ mainteresebs, Tu muSaobs am bavSvebTan<br />
fsiqologi. radgan mTavari mizania integracia, Tu mimdinareobs klasSi<br />
maswavlebelTan erTad kluburi muSaoba, Tu tardeba diskusiebi da vorqSopebi<br />
imisTvis, rom bavSvebs gauRvivdeT solidarobis grZnoba erTmaneTis mimarT.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ sapilote proeqtebis farglebSi aseTi muSaoba, ra Tqma unda,<br />
mimdinareobs. garda amisa, skolaSi multidisciplinuri gundi awarmoebs aseT<br />
Sexvedrebs mSoblebTan, maswavleblebTan da bavSvebTanac.<br />
_ me gaxlavarT logopeduri skolidan. Cemi bavSvi me-5 klasSia. minda giTxraT, rom<br />
Zalian samwuxaro ram xdeba. logopedebi gauSves skolidan, logopeduri saaTebi<br />
fasiani gaxda, logopeduri saaTebis nacvlad programaSi CarTes inglisuri ena. 50<br />
lari Rirs TveSi logopedTan da fsiqologTan mecadineoba. arada, es <strong>saqarTveloSi</strong><br />
erTaderTi logopeduri skolaa. unarSezRudul bavSvebs metyvelebis problema aqvT,<br />
kargad mogexsenebaT.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ kargi iqneba Tu yvela am sakiTxze oficialurad mimarTavT<br />
saministros profesiuli ganaTlebis departamentis ufross qalbaton lali<br />
ebanoiZes.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ patara analogiis gziT minda miganiSnoT, Zalian bevr sxva sferoSi<br />
mSoblebi da dainteresebuli pirebi iwyeben samoqalaqo აქტიურობას Tundac<br />
organizaciebis CamoyalibebiT. jandacvis saministrosTan, sadac dReisTvis muSavdeba<br />
bavSvTa keTildReobis 2012-2015 wlebis gegma, arasamTavroboebi Zalian aqtiurad<br />
monawileoben. Zalian kargi iqneboda, rom am saministrosTanac iyvnen aseTi<br />
arasamTavroboebi, romelTac ufro meti xma eqnebaT, vidre individualur mSoblebs.<br />
kargi iqneba, Tu Tqveni xma gaZlierdeba am kuTxiT. gaeros bavSvTa uflebebis<br />
komiteti pirdapir aZlevs saqarTvelos rekomendacias, rom gaZlierdes mSobelTa<br />
iniciativebi. organizaciulad Tu ityviT Tqvens saTqmels, mas ufro meti Zala eqneba<br />
da meti rezonansi mohyveba.<br />
rusudan tatiSvili, mSobeli, arasamTavrobo organizacia ,,mSobelTa Tanadgomisa da<br />
gaZlierebis centri~ _ am sakiTxebze Zalian aqtiurad vmuSaobT yvela instanciaSi.<br />
magram konkretulad vauCerizaciis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT bevric vwereT, bevric<br />
vilaparakeT, magram saxelmwifo strategia iseTia, rom vauCeri rasac exeba,<br />
yvelaferi siRaribis programas miuerTes. strategia aseTia da veRarafers SevcliT.<br />
Cven ra unda movifiqroT iseTi, rom saxelmwifos strategia SevacvlevinoT.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ mesmis Tqveni, magram garwmunebT, rom Tqveni xma ar dakargula.<br />
imitom rom Zalian bevr Sexvedraze ukve dadga es sakiTxi da amboben, rom samomavlo<br />
gegmebSi sasurveli iqneboda midgomis gafarToeba. unda gjerodeT, rom Tqveni<br />
aqtiuroba Sedegs gamoiRebs.<br />
_ televiziiT gamovida ministri da Tqva, rom yvela inkluziur skolaSi<br />
unarSezRudul bavSvebs ufasod gadaecemodaT saxelmZRvaneloebi. Cvens skolaSi ar<br />
gadmouciaT. mainteresebs, sxva skolebSi Tu gadaica.<br />
dRes bavSvi ver waviyvane skolaSi imis gamo, rom Cvens skolasTan, 24-e skolasTan<br />
ar arsebobs pandusi. erT mxarezea, magram uSualod gzidan ver amyavs. bavSvi meoTxe<br />
14
klasSia, gonebrivad ar aqvs problemebi. rogor moviqce, davCagro da ar vataro<br />
bavSvi skolaSi? garda amisa, sami wlis ganmavlobaSi imas ver mivaRwie, rom klasTan<br />
skami iyos. da kidev erTi problema _ bavSvi meore cvlaSi gadaiyvanes, ris gamoc<br />
reabilitaciis veRar damyavs. skolaSi arc amaze gagvewia SeRavaTi.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ dawereT es yvelaferi da mimarTeT Sesabamis departaments.<br />
aucileblad miiRebT pasuxs.<br />
eka maisuraZe, mSobeli, socialuri dacvis ligis warmomadgeneli _ me myavs SSmp<br />
bavSvi metaboluri darRvevebiT da autizmis sindromebiT. radgan siRaribis zRvars<br />
qvemoT ara varT, gaviyideT mTeli ojaxi, kerZo fsiqologebsa da logopedebSi.<br />
bolos me TviTon Seviswavle fsiqologia da autizmi, vTargmne amerikuli wignebi da<br />
bavSvi cotaTi mainc gamoviyvane mdgomareobidan maTi meSveobiT.<br />
imedi maqvs, akontrolebT, rogor muSaoben skolebSi am bavSvebTan fsiqologebi.<br />
TiToeul bavSvs xom individualuri mecadineoba sWirdeba. rodesac maswavlebels<br />
vkiTxe amis Sesaxeb, mipasuxa, rom saministroSi uTxres, rom ar aris saWiro<br />
individualuri midgoma.<br />
TaTia paWkoria _ Tqven SegiZliaT moiTxovoT es sqema. ar vici, vin gagcaT es pasuxi,<br />
magram swored 198-e skolis arseboba iyo biZgi Zalian kargi wignis Sesaqmnelad<br />
swavlis unaris darRvevis mqone moswavleebis individualur <strong>ganaTleba</strong>ze. Tqvens<br />
SemTxvevaSi, ra Tqma unda, individualuri saswavlo gegma dgeba.<br />
ana arganaSvili _ Tu migaCniaT, rom Tqveni bavSvis ufleba irRveva, yovelTvis<br />
SegiZliaT momarToT saxalxo damcvelis aparats. Cven individualurad SeviswavliT<br />
yvela SemTxvevas.<br />
nana gegeliSvili _ yvela mSobels minda mivmarTo. TaTiam mogaxsenaT, SegiZliaT<br />
daweroT gancxadeba ministris an Sesabamisi departamentis saxelze. aseve SegiZliaT<br />
mimarToT saxalxo damcvelis ofiss.<br />
terminologiazec minda ori wuTiT mivipyro Tqveni yuradReba. terminis Secvlas<br />
Zalian didi brZola dasWirda. ,,invalidis~ amoRebis Semdeg gadawyda SemoeRoT<br />
termini ,,unarSezRuduli~. mogvianebiT es terminic amoviReT. imitom rom is iseTive<br />
Seuracxmyofelia, rogorc invalidi. amitom, gTxovT, am sityviT aRar moixsenioT<br />
Tqveni bavSvebi. erTmaneTis unars Cven ver vadgenT. termini ,,SezRuduli<br />
SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi~ mesmis, rom cota grZelia, magram gulisxmobs imas, rom<br />
SezRuduli aqvs adamians socialuri ufleba hqondes pandusi da a.S.<br />
gogi gvaxaria _ didi madloba. davasruloT Cveni diskusia. dRevandeli diskusiis<br />
finali is aris, rom aSkarad igrZnoba informaciis nakleboba. ar viciT raze<br />
mivmarToT merias, raze jandacvis da ganaTlebis saministroebs. samwuxarod<br />
biurokratiuli sistema Zalian Zlieria, Tumca adamianis ufleba mTavaria da Tu is<br />
irRveva, irRveva kanonic.<br />
didi madloba.<br />
15
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