#3(34)'12

marTlmsajuleba
N3
da
kanoni
Ziebebi gaataros im adgilas, im danaSaulebis mimarT, sadac nacionaluri marTlmsajuleba uZluria
ganaxorcielos drouli da saTanado zomebi. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, saerTaSoriso
sisxlis samarTlis sasamarTloebi, maT Soris, ICC 3 TavianT wesdebebSi amkvidreben pasuxismgeblobis
sxvadasxva saxeebis zogad formulirebebs, precedentuli samarTliT `akonkreteben~ da
ufro moqnilsa da efeqtians xdian maT. es cxadia, vinaidan, rodesac statutis Sesabamisi muxli
uZluria sakiTxis dasaregulireblad, `Cumad uyurebs arsebul mdgomareobas~, sadac reagireba
aucilebelia, CveulebiTi samarTalic maSin iwyebs moqmedebas. 4
saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTlis, rogorc ZiriTadad, nacionaluri da saerTaSorisosamar-
Tlebrivi normebis Serwymis safuZvelze Seqmnili disciplinis, 5 sistemis arseboba, saerTaSoriso
dogmatikis gareSe SeuZlebelia. 6 amaze metyvelebs misi Camoyalibebis istoria 7 da saerTa-
Soriso sisxlis samarTlis sasamarTloebis praqtika. 8 maSin, rodesac individualuri pasuxismgeblobis
dakisrebisas sisxlis samarTali, umeteswilad, yuradRebas amaxvilebs im movlenebze,
romlebsac adgili hqonda amsruleblis qmedebis Semdeg, saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTali upirvelesad,
swavlobs politikur, socialur, ekonomikur, kulturul fons, Tu ram gamoiwvia dana-
Saulis Cadena da Semdgom midis individualuri pasuxismgeblobis dasafuZneblad. 9 es ufro da
ufro naTeli xdeba, Tu gadavxedavT ICC-s mimdinare praqtikas.
individualuri pasuxismgebloba saerTaSoriso danaSaulebSi SegviZlia ganvmartoT, rogorc
pirTa pasuxismgebloba im qmedebebisaTvis, romelTa Cadenac xdeba `koleqtiuri ZalisxmeviT~. 10
Sesabamisad, saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTalSi arsebuli doqtrinebi, upirveles yovlisa, scemen
pasuxs im kiTxvaze, Tu romeli piri aris sisxlissamarTlebrivad pasuxismgebeli, Tu danaSauli
ramdenime adamianis urTierTqmedebis Sedegad ganxorcielda. 11
individualuri pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxis gadasawyvetad, ICC Tanaamsruleblobis, arapirdapiri
amsruleblobisa da arapirdapiri (Tana)amsruleblobis Teoriebs qmnis. statiis mizani
swored am ukanaskneli pasuxismgeblobis saSualebis Seswavlaa, romelic ICC-s mimdinare praqtikaSi
saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTlis damnaSaveebze sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis ganxorcielebis
erTi-erTi mTavari iaraRia. sainteresoa, ra igulisxmeba mis SinaarsSi, ratom iyenebs
ICC mas da ara pasuxismgeblobis sxva saSualebas Prosecutor v. Al Bashir-is saqmeze da rogoria
doqtrinis samarTlebrivi Sefaseba. aRniSnul kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad, jer mimovixilavT
arapirdapiri (Tana)amsruleblobis doqtrinis struqturas saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTalSi,
Tu ra aucilebel elementebs unda akmayofilebdes is. Semdeg ganvixilavT Prosecutor v. Al Bashir
-is saqmes, al baSiris (Al Bashir) individualur pasuxismgeblobas darfurSi Cadenili danaSaulebis
mimarT da Tavad saqmis mniSvnelobas ICC-s iurisprudenciaSi.
I. arapirdapiri (Tana)amsruleblobis doqtrina saerTaSoriso
sisxlis samarTalSi
arapirdapiri (Tana)amsruleblobis doqtrina, im formiT, rogoriTac is dResdReobiT ICC-
Si arsebobs, siaxles warmoadgens saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTalSi. romis statutis 25(3)(a)-e
muxli, `pirdapiri wakiTxviT~, danaSaulSi amsruleblobis sam saxes gamoyofs. esenia: pirdapiri
amsrulebloba, Tanaamsrulebloba da arapirdapiri amsrulebloba. aRniSnuli muxlis SinaarsSi,
ICC-s winasasamarTlo palata, Prosecutor v. Katanga and Chui-s saqmeze amkvidrebs arapirdapiri
(Tana)amsruleblobis (indirect (co)perpetration) instituts, Tanaamsruleblobas sxva piris meSveobiT
(co-perpetration of a crime through another person), 12 rogorc amsruleblobis meoTxe, damoukidebel
formas. 13 katangas (Katanga) sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis aRwera arapirdapiri (Tana)amsruleblobis
doqtrinis farglebSi gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom mas `vertikaluri mimarTulebiT~
hqonda `kontroli~ miliciaze, romelic emorCileboda mis brZanebebsa da `horizontaluri
mimarTulebiT~ TanamSromlobda sxva braldebulTan, CuisTan (Chui), romelic danaSaulebs
`koleqtiuri ZalisxmeviT~ axorcielebda. 14
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