#3(34)'12
#3(34)'12
#3(34)'12
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igebuli urTierToba kerZosamarTlebrivia da warmoiSoba mxareTa Tanasworuflebianobis<br />
safuZvelze nebis Tavisufali gamovlenis Sedegad miRweuli SeTanxmebiT, aRniSnulidan<br />
gamomdinare, Sromis samarTali kerZo samarTlis sferos ganekuTvneba. 1<br />
koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis dadebisas fundamenturia monawileTa simravlis gaTvaliswinebiT,<br />
nebis gamovlenis namdvilobis problemebis warmoCena da misi gadawyvetis gzis povna, garigebis<br />
monawileebi gadian etapebs erToblivi gadawyvetilebis misaRwevad.<br />
neba (yovelgvari metafizikuri interpretaciis gareSe) aris is, riTac goneba irCevs am Tu<br />
im sagans. nebis arsi aris Zala, anu gonebis principi, romliTac mas SeuZlia arCevanis gakeTeba.<br />
moqmedeba nebis mixedviT igivea, rac arCevanis gakeTeba an moqmedeba arCevanis mixedviT. profesori<br />
lokis ganmartebiT `neba araferia, garda Zalis an SesaZleblobisa, rom raimes mianiWo<br />
upiratesoba an raime airCio.~ aRsaniSnavia is movlenebic, roca neba mkafiod gansxvavdeba survilisagan,<br />
romelsac erTsa da imave qmedebaSi SeiZleba hqondes aSkarad sapirispiro tendencia<br />
imisagan, rasac Cveni neba gvkarnaxobs. is ar uSvebs, rom neba da survili zustad erTi da imave<br />
mniSvnelovnebis mqone sityvebia. 2<br />
xSir SemTxvevaSi, dasaqmebulTa gaerTianeba gvxvdeba erTi sawarmos sxvadasxva sferoSi<br />
dasaqmebul pirTa gaerTianebisas, romlebTac SesaZlebelia hqondeT sxvadasxva SromiTi Tu<br />
socialuri problemebi. erTisTvis Tu saWiroa usafrTxo Sromis pirobebis gaumjobeseba,<br />
meoresTvis SesaZlebelia moTxovnadi iyos samuSao saaTebis daregulireba, saxelfaso odenobis<br />
zrda da sxv. koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis proeqtis Sedgenisas, dasaqmebulTa neba mTlianobaSi<br />
unda moeqces erTi xelSekrulebis qveS. swored amitomac, koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis monawile<br />
mxareebi mravalmxrivi nebis gamovlenisas, angariSs uweven xelSekrulebis Tanamonawile sxva<br />
pirebs.<br />
xelSekruleba, rogorc samoqalaqo samarTlis instituti, aris ormxrivi (an mravalmxrivi)<br />
nebis gamovlena, romelic mimarTulia samarTlebrivi urTierTobis warmoSobis, Secvlis an<br />
Sewyvetisaken. xelSekruleba ideba mxareebis urTierTTanmxvedri, saerTo miznisken mimarTuli<br />
nebis gamoxatvis Sedegad. 3<br />
koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis, rogorc mravalmxrivi nebis gamovlenis _ garigebis miRwevisas<br />
mniSvnelovania nebis gamovlenis namdvilobis dadgena.<br />
nebis gamovlenis (declaratio voluntatis) instituti 1997 wlis saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis<br />
(ssk) mier Semotanili erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi siaxlea. ssk-is I wignis I I karis saTauria `garigebani~,<br />
Tumca, mis calkeul debulebaSi xSirad ixmareba aseve, cneba `nebis gamovlena~. kiTxvas<br />
_ saWiroa Tu ara garigebis cnebis gverdiT nebis gamovlenis cnebis arseboba – gansxvavebulad<br />
gaeca pasuxi garigebaTa Sesaxeb germanuli da arsebiTad, mis safuZvelze SemuSavebuli sabWouri<br />
doqtrinis mier. germanul literaturaSi nebis gamovlenis cnebis mniSvnelobas xedaven garigebebSi<br />
nebis gamovlenasTan dakavSirebuli calkeuli sakiTxis (problemis) ukeT gadaWris SesaZleblobaSi.<br />
4 amis sapirispirod, sabWourma doqtrinam uari Tqva nebis gamovlenis cnebis gamoyenebaze<br />
da iyenebda iseT frazebs, rogoricaa, magaliTad, `qmedeba, romelic avlens nebas~. 5<br />
ssk-is 50-e muxlis Tanaxmad: `garigeba aris calmxrivi, ormxrivi an mravalmxrivi nebis gamovlena,<br />
romelic mimarTulia samarTlebrivi urTierTobis warmoSobis Secvlis an Sewyvetisaken.~<br />
rogorc muxlis formulirebidan irkveva, kanonmdebeli garigebas miiCnevs nebis gamovlenis<br />
konkretul saxed, romelsac samarTlebrivi mniSvnelobis datvirTva aqvs imdenad, ramdenadac<br />
igi mimarTulia samarTlebrivi urTierTobis warmoSobis, Secvlis an Sewyvetisaken. gamodis,<br />
rom `nebis gamovlena~ ufro farTo cnebaa da igi konkretdeba terminiT _ `garigeba~, romelSic<br />
unda moiazrebodes mxolod samarTlebrivi mniSvnelobis nebis gamovlena. Tumca, momdevno muxlebSi<br />
kanonmdebeli am or termins erTi datvirTviT iyenebs da gamodis, rom muxlebSi, sadac<br />
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