mariam CxartiSvili
mariam CxartiSvili mariam CxartiSvili
edaqciis erT-erT (patiosani jvris aRmarTebisadmi miZRvnili) _ me-14 TavSi revs vxedavT sneuli Svilis gamojansaRebisaTvis mlocvels. gansakuTrebiT sagulisxmoa istoriuli qronikis monacemebi revis Sesaxeb. aqedan vigebT, rom mirianis Semdeg misi SviliSvili bakur revis Ze gamefebula, TviT revi ki sulis sacxonebeli saqmeebiT yofila am dros dakavebuli: patiosani jvrisaTvis gumbaTi gaukeTebia, gaumzadebia Tavis samudamo gansasvenebelic `quemosa eklesiasa~ (e. i. sveticxovlis eklesiaSi), sadac meuRliTurT dakrZalula kidec. aRniSnuli faqtebi cxadyofs, rom revi ar iyo aqtiuri politikuri moRvaweobisaken midrekili adamiani. igi Rrmadmorwmune pirovnebad warmogvidgeba, romelic uars ambobs samefo taxtze, raTa mTeli saaqao cxovreba gardacvalebisaTvis samzadisad aqcios. qronikis mSrali cnobebi gvimJRavnebs revis saxis erT moulodnel Strixsac – siTamames, ufro zustad, ambiciurobas. saqme isaa, rom mamamisma ver gabeda samare gaekeTebina `quemosa eklesiasa~ 5 saswaulTmoqmedi cxoveli svetis siaxloves, Tumca es guliT ewada. mirians sakuTari codvilianobis Segneba abrkolebda. magram is, rac ver gabeda adamianma, romelsa qarTvelTa xsnis saqmeSi udavod gansakuTrebuli Rvawli miuZRoda, revma gaakeTa. swored am fonzea mkafiod TvalsaCino revis siTamame. revis pirovnebaze saubrisas ar SeiZleba ar movixsenioT erTi mistikuri werili, romelsac, Cveni azriT, SecdomiT, X saukunis avtors ioane zosimes ukavSireben da leqsad miiCneven. sinamdvileSi es aris prozauli teqsti da ioane zosime misi ara avtori, aramed gadamweria. am Zeglis dedaarss qarTuli enis gansakuTrebulobis mtkiceba warmoadgens, rac gamovlindeba meored mosvlis Jams: maSin qarTuli mesiis ena iqneba. ufalTan qarTuli enis sxvebze meti siaxlove rom TvalsaCino gaxados, avtori eZiebs analogias da `saxarebaSi~ mis Sesatyvisad, qristes usayvarles mowafesa da megobars, lazares asaxelebs. werilSi xazgasmulia, rom qarTuli enis arseba cxadyofili ar aris, amis gamo, is arc saTanadodaa dafasebuli, magram qarTuli rom namdvilad uflis mier rCeuli enaa, amis damadasturebeli faqtebi awmyoSive gveZleva saswaulebis saxiT. werili TariRdeba IV s. Sua xanebiT (r. patariZe, g. narsiZe da sxva) da kriptografiulad * (`r~ inicialiT) aris xelmowerili (e. WeliZe). TvalSisacemia avtoris yuradRebis koncetrireba arayofiT faqtebze, RvTismosaobasTan Sexamebuli uCveulo ambiciuroba. es yovelive moRvaweobis drois, inicialis, fsiqologiuri tipis 5 ase ewodeboda im xis eklesias, romelic pirvelad aigo mcxeTaSi. SemdgomSi am eklesiis adgilas vaxtang gorgasalma aRmarTa qvis taZari. dRes am adgilas aris sveticxovlis taZari, romelic aigo XI saukuneSi. 26
igiveobriobasTan erTad qmnis safuZvels imisaTvis, raTa vivaraudoT: xsenebuli werilis avtori, Cveni azriT, revia. qristianobas qarTvelTa TvalsawierSi Semohyavda sxva erebi, Semohqonda axali kulturuli faseulobani. erovnulisa da zogadkacobriulis Serwyma pirvel xanebSi mtkivneuli procesi unda yofiliyo. Cans, amiT ixsneba zemoT miTiTebul werilSi gamoxatuli gamZafrebuli erovnuli grZnoba, avtorisa da misi Tanamoazris fiqri qarTvelTa adgilze qristianul samyaroSi. revsa da salomes, rogorc es `moqcevai qarTlisaisa~ da zogi sxva qarTuli Tu ucxouri wyaros SejerebiT irkveva, hyavdaT sami vaJi – bakuri, Trdati, arCili da erTi asuli, romlis saxeli ucnobia. bakursac, Trdatsac, arCilsac morigeobiT ekavaT samefo taxti, samive uaRresad morwmune pirovneba iyo. zogjer es morwmuneoba (magaliTad, arCilis SemTxvevaSi) ukiduresi asketizmis formas Rebulobda. aRniSnul mefeTagan, mxolod Trdats hyavda Svilebi. bakur Trdatis Ze is `friad sarwmuno bakuria~, romelmac gelasi kesarielsa da rufinus akvilevels qarTvelTa gaqristianebis istoria mouTxro. es iyo uaRresad harmoniuli pirovneba, SesaniSnavi mxedarTmTavari da filosofosi, windaxeduli saxelmwifo moRvawe. meoTxe Taobis revianebs Soris ki mxolod erTs vxedavT. esaa bakuris diSvili murvanosi, igive petre iberi – imdroindel saqristianoSi saxelganTqmuli, palestinaSi moRvawe asketi. zogi mkvlevari (S. nucubiZe, e. honigmani) am pirovnebas fsevdo-dionise areopagelis saxeliT cnobili Txzulebis avtorad miiCnevs. petre bavSobidanve iyo gagzavnili bizantiaSi (papis – bakur revis Zisa da biZis – bakur Trdatis Zis msgavsad) im imediT, rom ganaTlebisa da saxelmwifo moRvaweobaSi gamocdilebis miRebis Semdeg samSobloSi dabrundeboda da qveynis sadaveebs Caibarebda. didi sulieri tkivilis miuxedavad, petrem uari Tqva samSobloSi dabrunebaze, berad aRikveca da mTeli saaqao cxovreba Tavisi didi papis – revis msgavsad, saiqio cxovrebis samzadisad aqcia. rev mirianis Zis pirovnebis gageba garkveulwilad petre iberis saSualebiT SeiZleba; Tavis mxriv, revic adasturebs petres Rrma fesvebs qarTuli qristianuli kulturis wiaRSi. mefe bakuri Ze revisi IV s. 30-ian wlebSi qristianobis saxelmwifo ideologiad damkvidrebas mohyva sivrcis sakralizebis * grandiozuli programis ganxorcieleba, romelic materialurad gamoixateboda axali sakulto nagebobebis SeqmniT. wyaroebSi uxvad gvxvdeba cnobebi qarTveli 27
- Page 1 and 2: saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministro sa
- Page 3 and 4: winaTqma fermwers Tvalwin gadaSlili
- Page 5 and 6: viTarebiT, makedonelTagan zurgmomag
- Page 7 and 8: `Tueni gazafxulisani da sTulisa * a
- Page 9 and 10: Ffarsman qveli da farsman avazi `da
- Page 11 and 12: saqme isaa, rom (es garkveulia spec
- Page 13 and 14: dinastiis warmomadgeneli mmarTveleb
- Page 15 and 16: aseTad warmogvidgeba farsmani brZol
- Page 17 and 18: dakavSirebuli SemTxveva erTaderTia
- Page 19 and 20: armenieli anu somxeTis mefe gaxda.
- Page 21 and 22: aq warmodgena Zalian dagvacilebs is
- Page 23 and 24: politikur samyaroSi. amas wers roma
- Page 25: ar daeswro, TviTon mas gauswordebod
- Page 29 and 30: akur revis Zis mefoba sakmaod xangr
- Page 31 and 32: sardalia, e. i. bavSvi aRar aris, T
- Page 33 and 34: yovelsa mosaxveWelsa~, _ qarTvelTag
- Page 35 and 36: eZRvneba. amasTan erTad, mokle qron
- Page 37 and 38: gamorCeul erovnul moRvawed warmogvi
- Page 39 and 40: adgili aqac ukavia stefanozs - komp
- Page 41 and 42: centralur xelisuflebasTan dapirispi
- Page 43 and 44: ganmatrebiTi leqsikoni * albaneTi _
- Page 45: gamoyenebuli literatura da wyaroebi
edaqciis erT-erT (patiosani jvris aRmarTebisadmi miZRvnili) _ me-14<br />
TavSi revs vxedavT sneuli Svilis gamojansaRebisaTvis mlocvels.<br />
gansakuTrebiT sagulisxmoa istoriuli qronikis monacemebi revis<br />
Sesaxeb. aqedan vigebT, rom mirianis Semdeg misi SviliSvili bakur<br />
revis Ze gamefebula, TviT revi ki sulis sacxonebeli saqmeebiT yofila<br />
am dros dakavebuli: patiosani jvrisaTvis gumbaTi gaukeTebia,<br />
gaumzadebia Tavis samudamo gansasvenebelic `quemosa eklesiasa~ (e. i.<br />
sveticxovlis eklesiaSi), sadac meuRliTurT dakrZalula kidec.<br />
aRniSnuli faqtebi cxadyofs, rom revi ar iyo aqtiuri politikuri<br />
moRvaweobisaken midrekili adamiani. igi Rrmadmorwmune pirovnebad<br />
warmogvidgeba, romelic uars ambobs samefo taxtze, raTa mTeli saaqao<br />
cxovreba gardacvalebisaTvis samzadisad aqcios. qronikis mSrali<br />
cnobebi gvimJRavnebs revis saxis erT moulodnel Strixsac – siTamames,<br />
ufro zustad, ambiciurobas. saqme isaa, rom mamamisma ver gabeda samare<br />
gaekeTebina `quemosa eklesiasa~ 5 saswaulTmoqmedi cxoveli svetis<br />
siaxloves, Tumca es guliT ewada. mirians sakuTari codvilianobis<br />
Segneba abrkolebda. magram is, rac ver gabeda adamianma, romelsa<br />
qarTvelTa xsnis saqmeSi udavod gansakuTrebuli Rvawli miuZRoda, revma<br />
gaakeTa. swored am fonzea mkafiod TvalsaCino revis siTamame.<br />
revis pirovnebaze saubrisas ar SeiZleba ar movixsenioT erTi<br />
mistikuri werili, romelsac, Cveni azriT, SecdomiT, X saukunis<br />
avtors ioane zosimes ukavSireben da leqsad miiCneven. sinamdvileSi es<br />
aris prozauli teqsti da ioane zosime misi ara avtori, aramed<br />
gadamweria.<br />
am Zeglis dedaarss qarTuli enis gansakuTrebulobis mtkiceba<br />
warmoadgens, rac gamovlindeba meored mosvlis Jams: maSin qarTuli<br />
mesiis ena iqneba. ufalTan qarTuli enis sxvebze meti siaxlove rom<br />
TvalsaCino gaxados, avtori eZiebs analogias da `saxarebaSi~ mis<br />
Sesatyvisad, qristes usayvarles mowafesa da megobars, lazares<br />
asaxelebs. werilSi xazgasmulia, rom qarTuli enis arseba cxadyofili<br />
ar aris, amis gamo, is arc saTanadodaa dafasebuli, magram qarTuli rom<br />
namdvilad uflis mier rCeuli enaa, amis damadasturebeli faqtebi<br />
awmyoSive gveZleva saswaulebis saxiT.<br />
werili TariRdeba IV s. Sua xanebiT (r. patariZe, g. narsiZe da<br />
sxva) da kriptografiulad * (`r~ inicialiT) aris xelmowerili (e.<br />
WeliZe). TvalSisacemia avtoris yuradRebis koncetrireba arayofiT<br />
faqtebze, RvTismosaobasTan Sexamebuli uCveulo ambiciuroba. es<br />
yovelive moRvaweobis drois, inicialis, fsiqologiuri tipis<br />
5<br />
ase ewodeboda im xis eklesias, romelic pirvelad aigo mcxeTaSi. SemdgomSi am<br />
eklesiis adgilas vaxtang gorgasalma aRmarTa qvis taZari. dRes am adgilas aris<br />
sveticxovlis taZari, romelic aigo XI saukuneSi.<br />
26
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