marTlmsajuleba kanoni
marTlmsajuleba kanoni
marTlmsajuleba kanoni
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<strong>marTlmsajuleba</strong><br />
N4<br />
da<br />
<strong>kanoni</strong><br />
instanciis arsebobas. mravalrgolianoba miuTiTebs pirveli, saSualo da umaRlesi<br />
organoebis arsebobaze.<br />
pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebi uflebamosilni arian, miiRon da ganixilon sarCelebi<br />
arsebiTad. aseTi funqciebiT sxvadasxva qveyanaSi, aRWurvilia sasamarTlo sistemis<br />
ori, zogjer sami rgolic ki. am sasamarTloebidan yvelaze dabali rgoli xSirad<br />
moixsenieba, rogorc SezRuduli iurisdiqciis sasamarTloebi, ramdenadac maTi kompetencia<br />
ganisazRvreba sarCelis RirebulebiTa da saqmeTa gansazRvruli kategoriebiT.<br />
isini ganixilaven martiv saqmeebs da rogorc wesi, saqmes mosamarTle erTpirovnulad<br />
ganixilavs. pirveli instanciis ufro maRali donis rgolSi Semavali sasamar-<br />
Tloebi ixilaven yvela davas, romelic ar ganekuTvneba qveda rgolis sasamarTlo organoebis<br />
ganxilvis sferos. amis gamo, isini moixseniebian rogorc SeuzRudavi iurisdiqciis<br />
sasamarTloebi. maT kompetenciaSia rTuli saqmeebisa da mniSvnelovani Rirebulebis<br />
sarCelebis ganxilva, kolegiebis meSveobiT, sami mosamarTlis SemadgenlobiT,<br />
Tumca, ar aris gamoricxuli saqmis erTi mosamarTlis mier erTpirovnulad warmoeba.<br />
rig qveynebSi moqmedebs momrigebeli sasamarTloebi, romlebic adgilobriv sasamarTloebs<br />
warmoadgenen da TavianTi rangiT pirveli instanciis SezRuduli iurisdiqciis<br />
sasamarTloebis qvemoT imyofebian. isini sisxlis an administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa<br />
wvrilman saqmeebs ganixilaven da rac CvenTvis sayuradReboa, umniSvnelo<br />
xasiaTis kerZosamarTlebriv davebs. meore instanciis sasamarTloebi, romlebic sasamarTlo<br />
sistemaSi saSualo rgolis sasamarTloebad gvevlinebian, dakavebulni arian<br />
pirveli instanciis sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebisa da sxva aqtebis <strong>kanoni</strong>erebisa da<br />
dasabuTebulobis SemowmebiT. rogorc wesi, es sasamarTloebi saapelacio sasamarTloebs<br />
warmoadgenen. umaRlesi sasamarTlo instancia, romelic moqmedebs mTeli qveynis<br />
teritoriaze, TiTqmis yvelgan gvxvdeba uzenaesi sasamarTlos saxiT, xolo federaciul<br />
saxelmwifoebSi _ umaRlesi federaluri sasamarTlos saxiT. am sasamarTlo organos<br />
axasiaTebs ori yvelaze gamokveTili funqciis Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa. is axorcielebs<br />
sasamarTlo aqtebis <strong>kanoni</strong>erebis saboloo Semowmebas da amasTan, uzrunvelyofs<br />
mTeli saxelmwifos teritoriaze samarTlis normebis gamoyenebisa da ganmartebis<br />
erTgvarovnebas.<br />
zogierT qveyanaSi, vinaidan saxezea ramdenime srulyofili sasamarTlo sistema, moqmedebs<br />
ramdenime umaRlesi sasamarTlo organo. ase magaliTad, germaniaSi moqmedebs<br />
ramdenime federaluri sasamarTlo, romlebic axorcieleben <strong>kanoni</strong>T dakisrebul<br />
funqciebs. aseTebia: saerTo iurisdiqciis federaluri uzenaesi sasamarTlo, federaluri<br />
administraciuli sasamarTlo, federaluri safinanso sasamarTlo, SromiTi<br />
davebis ganmxilveli federaluri sasamarTlo, socialur sakiTxTa federaluri sasamarTlo.<br />
1 ruseTis federaciaSi aseve, moqmedebs erTmaneTisagan damoukidebeli uzenaesi<br />
sasamarTlo da umaRlesi saarbitraJo sasamarTlo. Tumca, Tu SevadarebT germaniis<br />
da msgavsi tipis sasamarTlo sistemis qveynebSi moqmedi sasamarTlo sistemebis saqmianobisa<br />
da saqmiswarmoebis principebs ruseTis federaciasa da msgavsi sasamarTlo sistemebis<br />
qveynebSi moqmedi sasamarTlo sistemebis saqmianobas, advili misaxvedria, rom<br />
pirvel SemTxvevaSi, saubaria erTmaneTisagan damoukidebel sasamarTlo dawesebule-<br />
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