marTlmsajuleba kanoni

Charge Bargaining
Sentence Bargaining
Fact Bargaining
saintereso precedenti ganxorcielda amerikis erT-erT StatSi _ aliaskaze 16 , rodesac
1975 wels, aliaskis mTavarma prokurorma akrZala saproceso SeTanxmebebis
gaformeba braldebulebTan. 17
miuxedavad imisa, rom braldebulebis mxridan `naadrevi~ aRiarebiTi Cvenebebis
micema `savaldebulo~ aRar iyo da maT SejibrebiTobisa da udanaSaulobis prezumfciis
principebis sruli dacviT SeeZloT sasamarTlosa da msajulebis (impartial jury) winaSe
wardgoma, aliaskis sasamarTlo praqtikam daadastura, rom aRiarebiTi Cvenebebis xvedriTi
wili sasamarTloSi sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis ganxilvisas igive darCa _ 70-
80%. 18
samagierod, dafiqsirda gamoZiebisa da sasamarTlo xarjebis mkveTri zrda, radgan
prokuratura da sasamarTlo valdebuli iyo sruli moculobiT ganexorcielebina `uflebaTa
bilis~, me-6 Sesworebis moTxovna _ swrafi marTlmsajulebis Sesaxeb.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gamoZiebis organoebi da sasamarTlo ver uzrunvelyofen swraf
da efeqtian sasamarTlo procesis warmarTvas, moqalaqes wardgenili braldeba unda
moexsnas da xelmeored misi (braldebis) wardgena ar SeiZleba.
ganmeorebiT braldebis wardgenis akrZalva garantirebulia imave `uflebaTa bilis~
me-5 SesworebiT.
magaliTad, niu-iorkis StatSi sasamarTlosaTvis saqmis mosamzadeblad (ready for trial),
dasabuTebuli braldebis warsadgenad gamoZiebas aqvs 6-Tviani vada, es vada vrceldeba
yvela kategoriis danaSaulze, garda mkvlelobisa.
federaluri sagamoZiebo biuros 19 monacemebiT, 2008-2009 wlebSi, aSS-Si kriminalur
danaSaulTa saerTo saSualo maCvenebeli 100.000 mosaxleze iyo 454.4, qonebrivi danaSaulis
raodenoba ki, 3212.5, rac erT-erTi maRali maCvenebelia msofloSi.
aSS-Si saproceso SeTanxmebis arsebobis mTavar argumentad gvevlineba `uflebaTa
bilis~ xsenebuli me-6 SesworebiT garantirebuli swrafi marTlmsajulebis ufleba.
saproceso SeTanxmebis institutis gareSe amerikuli marTlmsajulebis sistema
ubralod CamoiSleba. 20
indoeTi
indoeTis sasamarTlo sistema iyo araefeqturi da ver uzrunvelyofda swraf da
samarTlian marTlmsajulebas. statistikuri monacemebis mixedviT 2001 wels, indoeTis
cixeebSi ganTavsebuli iyo erTi milioniT meti patimari, vidre amis SesaZleblobas
cixeebSi arsebuli adgilebis raodenoba iZleoda.
patimrebis 70.5% jer kidev, elodeboda sasamarTlos mier maTi saqmeebis ganxilvas.
rac bunebrivia, aseve aisaxeboda damatebiT ekonomikur danaxarjebSi. 21
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