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Bulletin deJiaison et.dÏnformation - Institut kurde de Paris

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<strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong> <strong><strong>de</strong>Jiaison</strong> <strong>et</strong>.dÏnformation<br />

OCTOBRE ~ NOVEMB~E • DECEMBRE 1987<br />

. ' ',.' '. , ' ~'. '. '


...<br />

~ -ï<br />

Ce bull<strong>et</strong>in parait en français, allemand, anglais, <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, ttaUen, espagnol <strong>et</strong> tll'C.<br />

Prix au numéro: (France) 25 FF, (Etranger) 30 FF<br />

Abonnement annuel (12 numéros): (France) 200 FF,


sonnA 'l.R.:E :<br />

• TURQUIE: LES PARTIS KURDES ABSENTS DES ELECTIONS<br />

• IRAK: UN APPEL KURDE AU SOMMET ARABE<br />

• LE PRESIDENT ALLEMAND DEMANDE AUX AUTORITES<br />

TURQUES DE GARANTIR LES DROITS DE DES MINORITES<br />

• DOCUMENTS: L'ETAT TURC MET EN FICHE SES CITOYENS<br />

KURDES ET AUTORISE SON ARMEE A "TUER LES SEPARATISTES"<br />

• LA POLITIQUE KURDE D'ANKARA VUE PAR LES AMERICAINS<br />

• A SIGNALER<br />

• PUBLICATIONS RECENTES<br />

• DANS LA PRESSE KURDE<br />

• LA REVUE DE PRESSE, EN BREF<br />

• PUBLICATIONS EN VENTE<br />

TURQUIE: LES PARTIS KURDES ABSENTS<br />

DES ELECTIONS<br />

Dans le cadre du processus .<strong>de</strong> r<strong>et</strong>our à la démocratie. <strong>de</strong>s élections législatives anticipées ont eu lieu le 29 novembre en<br />

Turquie. Sept partis politiques turcs (<strong>de</strong>ux du centre-gauche, <strong>de</strong>ux du centre-droit <strong>et</strong> trois d'exrême-droite) étaient<br />

autorisés à y participer. Au terme d'une campagne à l'américaine, m<strong>et</strong>tant en oeuvre <strong>de</strong> moyens sans précé<strong>de</strong>nt le Parti <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Mère-Patrie (ANAP) du Premier ministre Turgut OZAL a obtenu avec seulement 36,3 % <strong>de</strong>s suffrages exprimés 64,9 % <strong>de</strong>s<br />

sièges (292 sur 450) <strong>de</strong> l'Assemblée Nationale turque. le centre-gauche a obtenu au total 33,3 % <strong>de</strong>s voix (24,8% pour le<br />

Parti populiste social-démocrate <strong>de</strong> M. Inönü <strong>et</strong> 8,50/0 pour le Parti <strong>de</strong> la gauche démocratique <strong>de</strong> M. Ecevit) <strong>et</strong> 99 sièges <strong>de</strong><br />

députés. le Parti <strong>de</strong> la Juste-Voie (centre-droit) <strong>de</strong> l'ancien Premier ministre Demirel, renversé par le coup d'Etat militaire<br />

du 12 septembre 1980, est arrivé en troisième position avec 19,2 % <strong>de</strong>s votes exprimés <strong>et</strong> 59 sièges. les formations qui n'ont<br />

pas réussi à franchir la barre <strong>de</strong>s 10 % <strong>de</strong>s suffrages exprimés n'auront pas <strong>de</strong> représentants au Parlement d'Ankara. Grâce<br />

à une loi électorale taillée sur mesure, M. Ozal qui, par rapport aux élections <strong>de</strong> 1983, a perdu 8,8 % <strong>de</strong>s voix <strong>et</strong> se voit<br />

désavoué par une large majorité( 63,3 %) <strong>de</strong>s électeurs se r<strong>et</strong>ouve à la tête d'une confortable majorité parlementaire, en<br />

charge du gouvernement du pays poIX les dnq années à venir.<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te .démocratie à la turque. dont les limites ont été définies par le dispositif institutionnel mis en place par les<br />

généraux <strong>de</strong>puis 1980 est critiquée en Turquie même pour son caractère singulièrement inique <strong>et</strong> restrictif. Plusieurs<br />

dispositions <strong>de</strong> la Constitution turque, élaborée par les militaires <strong>et</strong> toujours en vigueur, <strong>de</strong> la loi électorale <strong>et</strong> du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal<br />

interdisent la participation <strong>de</strong>s organisations <strong>de</strong> gauche au jeu démocratique. Ouant aux 10 à 12 millions <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s qui<br />

représentent environ le quart <strong>de</strong> la population totale du pays, ils avaient le .choix. entre les partis politiques turcs qui, par<br />

conviction idéologique ou par crainte d'être interdits, refusent même <strong>de</strong> reconnaître leur existence. En eff<strong>et</strong>, l'article 81 <strong>de</strong> la<br />

loi n° 2820 portant statut <strong>de</strong>s partis politiques, adoptée le 22.4.1983 par le régime militaire, stipule que .Ies partiS<br />

politiques a) ne peuvent affirmer qu'il existe sur le territoire <strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> Turquie <strong>de</strong>s minorités basées sur une<br />

différence nationale ou religieuse, culturelle ou confessionnelle ou raciale ou linguistique; b) ne peuvent avoir pour objectif <strong>et</strong><br />

mener <strong>de</strong>s activités visant à saper l'unité nationale en créant <strong>de</strong>s minorités sur le territoire <strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> Turquie par la<br />

protection, le développement <strong>et</strong> la diffusion d'une langue <strong>et</strong> d'une culture autres que la langue <strong>et</strong> la culture turques •. les<br />

articles 141-4 <strong>et</strong> 142-3 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal punissent <strong>de</strong> peines <strong>de</strong> 5 à 12 ans <strong>de</strong> réclusion les contrevenants individuels <strong>et</strong> un parti<br />

qui enfreindrait ces interdictions peut être dissous par la Cour constitutionnelle. Une fois <strong>de</strong> plus, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s ont donc été<br />

privés du droit d'élire librement leurs représentants. le vote étant obligatoire, ils ont souvent voté pour <strong>de</strong>s candidats leur<br />

paraissant les moins intolérants, les moins compromis avec le régime militaire. Signe éloquent <strong>de</strong>s distorsions <strong>et</strong> perversions <strong>de</strong><br />

la .démocratie • turque : à Diyarbakir, capitale politico-culturelle du Kurdistan <strong>de</strong> Turquie, traditionnellement bastion <strong>de</strong> la<br />

gauche, placés <strong>de</strong>vant le dilemme <strong>de</strong> choisir entre les candidats <strong>de</strong> M. Ecevit, farouchement anti-<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, <strong>de</strong> M. InOnü qui n'avait<br />

pas hésité à expulser <strong>de</strong> son parti ceux qui réclamain<strong>et</strong> la traduction en <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> son programme, <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> M. Ozal, mis en selle<br />

sous le régime militaire, plus du quart <strong>de</strong>s électeurs ont voté pour le Parti <strong>de</strong> la prospérité, <strong>de</strong> tendance religieuse, qui<br />

dénonce l'intolérance <strong>et</strong> les injustices du régime <strong>et</strong> prône .Ia fraternité <strong>et</strong> la tolérance traditionnelles <strong>de</strong> l'Islam envers toutes<br />

les convictions <strong>et</strong> toutes les cultures •.


2<br />

IRAK: UN APPEL KURDE AU SOMMET ARABE<br />

les principales organisations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s d'Irak ont lancé un appel commun au Somm<strong>et</strong> arabe extraordinaire qui s'est tenu le 8<br />

novembre à Amman. Dans c<strong>et</strong> appel signé par le Parti démocratique du Kurdistan d'Irak, le Parti démocratique du peuple<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> d'Irak, le Parti socialiste <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, le Parti socialiste du Kurdistan irakien <strong>et</strong> l'Union patriotique du Kurdistan irakien, les<br />

dirigeants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s exposent aux chefs d'Etat arabes la situation dramatique du peuple <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en Irak <strong>et</strong> les prient d'intervenir<br />

auprès <strong>de</strong>s autorités <strong>de</strong> Bagdad pour 'faire cesser le massacre <strong>et</strong> les déportations <strong>de</strong>s populations civiles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>et</strong> la<br />

<strong>de</strong>struction <strong>de</strong>s villages du Kurdistan'. Au cours <strong>de</strong>s six <strong>de</strong>rniers mois, précise ce texte, 'Ie régime irakien a eu neuf fois<br />

recours à l'usage <strong>de</strong>s armes chimiques <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s gaz asphyxiants contre ses propres citoyens <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. 2920 villages ont été<br />

détruits, 748 écoles fermées <strong>et</strong> 15 000 élèves privés d'enseignement •.<br />

les Kur<strong>de</strong>s s'adressent régulièrement aux somm<strong>et</strong>s arabes ainsi qu'aux conférences islamiques. Jusqu'à présent, cependant,<br />

aucun Etat n'a eu le courage <strong>de</strong> prendre leur défense dans ces forums.<br />

LE PRESIDENT ALLEMAND<br />

DEMANDE AUX AUTORITES TURQUES DE GARANTIR LES DROITS DES MINORITES<br />

Depuis peu la Turquie décerne un "Prix Atatürk International <strong>de</strong> la Paix' . Attribué par un jury composé <strong>de</strong> 5 représentants<br />

du gouvernement turc, <strong>de</strong>ux représentants <strong>de</strong> l'armée, du prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Haut-Conseil Atatürk, du prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la République<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> sept personnes nommées par ce <strong>de</strong>rnier ce curieux prix étatique vise à améliorer à l'extérieur l'image du régime turc. En<br />

1986 il avait été remis en gran<strong>de</strong> pompe à M. Joseph Luns, secrétaire général <strong>de</strong> l'OTAN. C<strong>et</strong>te année le jury turc, où ne siège<br />

aucune personnalité indépendante, a choisi <strong>de</strong> 'récompenser le prési<strong>de</strong>nt allemand Richard von Veizsaecker pour ses efforts<br />

en faveur <strong>de</strong> la paix <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la démocratie' . Venant <strong>de</strong> la part d'un pays qui n'est pas précisément un modèle <strong>de</strong> démocratie,<br />

considéré par les organisations humanitaires comme l'un <strong>de</strong>s pays respectant le moins les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme, c<strong>et</strong> hommage a<br />

suscité <strong>de</strong> vives polémiques en RFA: une respectable personnalité occi<strong>de</strong>ntale doit-elle, au nom <strong>de</strong> la raison d'Etat, accepter<br />

<strong>de</strong> telles opérations <strong>de</strong> propagan<strong>de</strong>? Annéniens, Chypriotes, Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Turquie <strong>et</strong> d'Irak, démocrates turcs sont là pour<br />

témoigner que l'Etat turc n'est ni à l'intérieur ni à l'extérieur <strong>de</strong> ses frontières une puissance <strong>de</strong> paix <strong>et</strong> qu'il n'est pas<br />

vraiment bien placé pour décerner un Prix international <strong>de</strong> la paix. Qui plus est, ce prix porte le nom d'Atatürk, qui en 15<br />

années <strong>de</strong> pouvoir absolu a déporté <strong>et</strong> masscré plus d'un million <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s au nom <strong>de</strong> son idéologie chauvine <strong>et</strong> fascisante.<br />

C'est encore au nom <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te idéologie kémaliste que les Kur<strong>de</strong>s sont privés <strong>de</strong> leurs droits élémentaires, que les défenseurs<br />

<strong>de</strong>s libertés sont persécutés. A quand un Prix international <strong>de</strong> la démocratie attribué par Pinoch<strong>et</strong>?<br />

Ces critiques <strong>et</strong> d'autres n'ont pas empêché le prési<strong>de</strong>nt allemand <strong>de</strong> se rendre à Ankara pour recevoir <strong>de</strong>s mains du général<br />

Evren son Prix Atatürk. Et d'une manière inattendue pour ses hôtes turcs, au cours <strong>de</strong> la cérémonie <strong>de</strong> réception, il a prononcé<br />

un discours sur les vertus <strong>de</strong> la démocratie, <strong>de</strong> la tolérance <strong>et</strong> du respect <strong>de</strong>s minorités, discours qualifié <strong>de</strong> "leçon non<br />

<strong>de</strong>mandée <strong>de</strong> démocratie" par la presse turque <strong>et</strong> qui a produit l'eff<strong>et</strong> d'une douche froi<strong>de</strong> sur les officiels turcs. "La<br />

démocratie ne saurait être une grossière action <strong>de</strong> missionnaire mais la liberté <strong>de</strong> persua<strong>de</strong>r <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> convaincre. Lorque l'Etat<br />

adopte une idéologie <strong>et</strong> une vision du mon<strong>de</strong> détenninées <strong>et</strong> répond par la répression aux opinions contraires il est impossible<br />

qu'un dialogue libre se développe (... ). Quand on veut la paix dans le mon<strong>de</strong>, on doit également viser à instaurer la paix dans son<br />

pays. Cela signifie parfois une meilleure garantie <strong>de</strong>s droits humains individuels, en certains cas la réalisation d'une meilleure,<br />

justice sociale, quelquefois l'abolition <strong>de</strong>s restrictions racistes <strong>et</strong> la protection <strong>de</strong>s minorités. Comme la plupart <strong>de</strong>s Etats<br />

nationaux d'Europe la Turquie d'Atatürk a été également confrontée au problème <strong>de</strong>s minorités <strong>et</strong>hniques <strong>et</strong> religieuses. Nous<br />

comprenons les inquiétu<strong>de</strong>s que vous éprouvez à l'égard <strong>de</strong>s entreprises menées sous tel ou tel paravent contre l'intégrité <strong>de</strong><br />

la nation turque. Notre propre histoire <strong>et</strong> notre expérience nous ont appris que pour assurer la paix intérieure d'une nation il<br />

faut que les divers peuples <strong>et</strong> groupes d'opinion, dans la loyauté <strong>et</strong> l'adhésion aux lois <strong>et</strong> à la constitution <strong>de</strong> l'Etat, vivent<br />

ensemble dans le respect mutuel <strong>et</strong> la tolérance (... ) A la base du mouvement d'ouverture vers l'Europe initié par Atatürk<br />

résidait la conviction que le principe du respect <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme <strong>et</strong> du progrès démocratique <strong>de</strong>vait nous être commun.<br />

De ce fait, <strong>et</strong> parce que nous sommes <strong>de</strong> plus en plus proches les uns <strong>de</strong>s autres la protection <strong>et</strong> l'observation <strong>de</strong> ces valeurs<br />

sont suivies avec gran<strong>de</strong> attention. La question du traitement <strong>de</strong>s détenus <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s condamnés dans le respect <strong>de</strong>s principes <strong>de</strong><br />

l'Etat <strong>de</strong> droit <strong>et</strong> d'une manière compatible avec la dignité humaine est un test que les démocraties doivent passer avec<br />

succès".<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te prise <strong>de</strong> position <strong>de</strong> M. Von Weizsaecker a beaucoup irrité les autorités turques. Le général Evren a parlé "<strong>de</strong> jugements<br />

unilatéraux, erronés <strong>et</strong> partiaux" <strong>et</strong> réitéré que "tous les droits <strong>de</strong>s gens vivant en Turquie sont garantis par la Constitution<br />

<strong>et</strong> la justice turque indépendante". C<strong>et</strong>te visite qui <strong>de</strong>vait rehausser l'image du régime turc chez son meilleur allié européen a<br />

finalement créé ce que la presse officieuse turque appelle "un nouveau malaise dans les relations germano-turques" .<br />

DOCUMENTS: L'ETAT TURC MET EN FICHE SES CITOYENS KURDES ET AUTORISE SON ARMEE A<br />

"TUER LES SEPARATISTES"<br />

.'<br />

l 'hebdomadaire turc 2Ooo'e Dogru (Vers 2000) qui avait réussi à ach<strong>et</strong>er moyennant environ 100.000 dollars une partie<br />

<strong>de</strong>s archives <strong>de</strong> la prési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong> la république turque, en dépit <strong>de</strong>s saisies <strong>et</strong> poursuites judiciaires nombreuses, continue <strong>de</strong><br />

J


3<br />

publier certains documents secr<strong>et</strong>s ayant notamment trait i la qUlltion <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, Ainsi, dan. IOn numéro 51, dat6 du 13<br />

décembre, Il reproduit un "rapport top secr<strong>et</strong>. sur la mise en nche. d'envlon 2 million. <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong> •• Ce rapport porte IUr le•<br />

•trlbul <strong>de</strong> 23 départements <strong>de</strong> l'Anatolie <strong>de</strong> l'Est <strong>et</strong> du Sud-Est. (NDlR : En fait, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s ne tonnent une large maJorlt6<br />

<strong>de</strong> la populstl nM nue dans 19 <strong>de</strong> ces 23 départements), ees 'rlbus. IOnt clallées en fonction <strong>de</strong> leur .loyaut6 enver.l'Etat<br />

turc. ln quatre catéQorles : celles qullOutlennent lei acdvlt6s kurdlstll, celles qullOnt suspectes, celles qui paral ... nt<br />

attachées à la J..1tr1\:! i~DLR : à la patrie turque, évi<strong>de</strong>mment) <strong>et</strong> celles qullOnt attachées ill patrie, 871 184 personne.<br />

sont répertOi:à98 ùQ\"li (A3ltàJ\l:;ilt:re.:l catégorie, Les autres Kur<strong>de</strong>slOnt IOlt .suspects" (502 921), IOlt "kurdl.te." (782<br />

014), Une p<strong>et</strong>ite minorité (14 533) est.apparemment attachée ila patrie",<br />

le rapport dresse la liste nomlnatlve <strong>de</strong> ces tribus <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> leurs chefs, évalue leur niveau d'éducation <strong>et</strong> leurs rivalités avec<br />

d'autres tribus. Les autorités :,:l',,,~~ <strong>et</strong> militaires <strong>de</strong>s provinces <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s à qui ce rapport est <strong>de</strong>stiné ont pour Instruction<br />

d'agir à l'égara Cle 1.1 pnpu",!';Jn it)cale en fonction <strong>de</strong> ces "crltérll <strong>de</strong> loyauté", d'accor<strong>de</strong>r faveurs <strong>et</strong> privilèges aux<br />

loyalistes, d'attiser les conflits Internes "<strong>de</strong>s suspects <strong>et</strong> kurdistes" ,<br />

Dès sa sortie <strong>de</strong>s presses, l'hebdomadaire a été saisi pour "Incltadon ouverte <strong>de</strong> la population à la haine <strong>et</strong> à l'animosité" <strong>et</strong><br />

déféré à la Cour <strong>de</strong> sar<strong>et</strong>é <strong>de</strong> l'Etat. Ce même hebdomadaire publie dans IOn numéro daté du 15 novembre (voir Revue <strong>de</strong><br />

pres .. , p 55) un ordre du Jour signé du général <strong>de</strong> gendarmerie Osman ÇlTIN <strong>et</strong> adressé aux unités turques opérant lU<br />

Kurdistan, le général leur <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> monter localement <strong>de</strong>s opéradons <strong>et</strong> embusca<strong>de</strong>s "ayant pour but d'arrêter <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> tuer<br />

<strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong>s organisations séparadstes <strong>et</strong> subversives" , les militaires tures en campagne, munis <strong>de</strong> leur autorisation <strong>de</strong><br />

tuer, s'arrogent ainslie droit <strong>de</strong> Juger sur le champ, sana autre fonne <strong>de</strong> procès, <strong>de</strong> dire qui est "séparatiste", "terroriste"<br />

ou "subversif" <strong>et</strong> tiS l'abattre. De c<strong>et</strong>te façon <strong>de</strong> nombreux civils <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s ont été assassinés au cours <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>rnières années.<br />

L'hebdomadaire publie <strong>de</strong> nombreux témoignages <strong>de</strong>s paysans <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s soldats tures sur ces tueries sommaires.<br />

LA POLITIQUE KU~I'IF ~,,.t.'Y"~A VUE PAR LES AMERICAINS<br />

Le quotidien turc Söz publie dans son numéro du 9 novembre <strong>de</strong>s extraits d'une analyse du problème <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> faite en septembre<br />

1979 par l'ambassa<strong>de</strong> américaine d'Ankara à l'intention du Département d'Etat. D'après ce document "les Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

constituent la majorité CW;1ina'1!e dans les provinces <strong>de</strong> l'Est <strong>et</strong> du Sud.Est <strong>de</strong> la Turquie. Dans certaines réglons comme celle<br />

<strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir celte majorité atteint jusqu'à 90 % <strong>de</strong> la population, Depuis la fondation Il y a environ 50 ans <strong>de</strong> l'Etat turc<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rne les pouvoirs ont contrôlé ia région au moyen d'une collaboration économique <strong>et</strong> politique avec les propriétaires<br />

fonciers <strong>et</strong> les chefs <strong>de</strong> tribus <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>et</strong> d'une puissante présence militaire, Bien que <strong>de</strong> nombreux Kur<strong>de</strong>s soient Intégrés à la<br />

vie politique <strong>et</strong> éco'1("-';' iS !I.lroue la région qu'ils habitent <strong>de</strong>meure la moins développée du pays. Par ailleurs, en raison <strong>de</strong>s<br />

insurrections kljrcif'!~ ';I:lE pwmières années <strong>de</strong> la République, les Turcs ont toujours été sceptiques quant à la loyauté <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s envers l'Etal. Pour assurer la paix dans la région <strong>et</strong> réprimer les mouvements séparatistes ils ne se sont appuyés que<br />

sur la force militaire (, .. ) ~es Kur<strong>de</strong>s occupent une place importante parmi les partisans d'Ecevit (NDLR, l'ancien Premier<br />

ministre social-dérnooate lure, prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Parti républicain du peuple). Depuis plus <strong>de</strong> 10 ans les jeunes Kur<strong>de</strong>s éduqués<br />

sont <strong>de</strong> plus en plus conscier.ls <strong>de</strong> leur i<strong>de</strong>ntité <strong>et</strong>lYlique <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la politique <strong>de</strong> négligence menée dans leur région. (... ) Face à la<br />

conscience <strong>et</strong>hnique grandissante <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>et</strong> aux conceptions nationalistes <strong>de</strong>s militaires le cabin<strong>et</strong> Ecevit fait preuve <strong>de</strong><br />

tolérance, <strong>de</strong> respect rigoureux <strong>de</strong>s lois <strong>et</strong> renforce les moyens légaux traditionnels. Celte "approche douce" d'Ecevit est le<br />

résultat naturel <strong>de</strong> ses convictions social-démocrates <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> son besoin <strong>de</strong> ménager les parlementaires d'origine <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> son<br />

parti <strong>et</strong> les indépendants pour conserver sa majorité aitique au Parlement Comme cela a été indiqué récemment au cours d'un<br />

entr<strong>et</strong>ien avec l'Ambassa<strong>de</strong>ur, le plus haut responsable militaire turc, le général Evren, partage la volonté d'Ecevit <strong>de</strong><br />

poursuivre celte "aoproche dour.e", L'opinion d'Evren selon laquelle à l'origine <strong>de</strong> la question <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> se trouverait le r<strong>et</strong>ard pris<br />

dans la miS» l'l' ('i't 'V'" ri, 'ne Ir" ,.£\ rpforrne agraire simplifie un peu trop c<strong>et</strong>te question. Mais le Chef d'état-major turc croit à<br />

la nécessité dA r{>wl Idre la question <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> si possible sans avoir recours aux métho<strong>de</strong>s traditionnelles d'écrasement <strong>de</strong> têtes.<br />

Cependant l'approche Ecevit-Evren ne représente pas la tendance générale. Et nous avons reçu <strong>de</strong>s rapports indiquant que les<br />

autres n'étrlient pas contents cie ('.elte attitu<strong>de</strong>. Ces <strong>de</strong>miers préfèrent une approche plus dure <strong>et</strong> l'écrasement <strong>de</strong> ceux qui<br />

créent d8s prnhlArnp", mur rèiablir l'autorité turque dans la région. D'après les <strong>de</strong>rniers rapports <strong>de</strong>s services <strong>de</strong><br />

renseignement, interrogés sur l'état <strong>de</strong> la sécurité dans l'Est les autorités semblent partager celte approche plus<br />

traditionnelle <strong>et</strong> plus dure. L'affaiblissement du contrôle général dans la région est considéré comme la preuve <strong>de</strong> la perte <strong>de</strong><br />

tout contrôle, Les conclusions <strong>de</strong>s auteurs <strong>de</strong> ces rapports à propos <strong>de</strong> la sécurité expriment tout à fait leurs sentiments sur<br />

la façon d'abor<strong>de</strong>r ce suj<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong> sont à l'opposé <strong>de</strong> l'approche d'Ecevit-Evren. (... ) Nous croyons que le gouvernement turc<br />

poursuivra sa politique "d'approche douce •. Si, dans les mois à venir, le gouvernement Ecevit <strong>de</strong>vait tomber ou les<br />

développements en Iran <strong>et</strong> en Iran <strong>de</strong>vaient entraîner l'abandon <strong>de</strong> celte politique, il est très probable que pour rétablir<br />

l'autorité l'armée turque usant <strong>de</strong> son dro" <strong>de</strong> préséance entreprendra <strong>de</strong> prendre le contrôle <strong>de</strong>s forces séparatistes <strong>de</strong> la<br />

région. Nous croyons que celte entreprise sera <strong>de</strong> caractère dur, sans aucune nuance. Cela pourrait peut-être étouffer à<br />

court tenne les voix <strong>de</strong> mécontentement <strong>et</strong> pousser sous terre les radicaux. la solution à long terme est un développement<br />

économique accéléré qui puisse arracher l'est <strong>de</strong> la TlJ'quie à sa place <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rnière dans la liste <strong>de</strong>s principaux indices<br />

économiques."


--------------------------------------"""'!!"ll,.:--<br />

4<br />

Comme on salt, un an jour pour jour après la rédaction <strong>de</strong> ce document américain, l'armée turque usant <strong>de</strong> son fameux "droit <strong>de</strong><br />

préséance" n'existant dans aucun Etat <strong>de</strong> droit, a renversé le gouvernement légal du pays pour m<strong>et</strong>tre en oeuvre une<br />

"approche plus dure, sans aucune nuance" . Une approche qui s'est traduite par l'arrestation <strong>de</strong>s dizaines <strong>de</strong> milliers <strong>de</strong><br />

militants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, la torture, les mises à mort sommaires, <strong>et</strong>c...<br />

A<br />

SIGNALER<br />

:. AZJZ HESlli. DEVANT 1.A CQUB.ce. SURETE .ce. L'ETAT. Le célèbre humoriste turc a comparu le 25 décembre <strong>de</strong>vant la<br />

Cour <strong>de</strong> sOr<strong>et</strong>é d'Etat d'Istanbul pour avoir, dans une Interview accordée en aoOt <strong>de</strong>rnier à l'hebdomadaire 2000'E OOGRU,<br />

réclamé <strong>de</strong>s droits culturels pour les Kur<strong>de</strong>s. Ce faisant, Il se serait rendu coupable <strong>de</strong> propagan<strong>de</strong> "affaiblissant les<br />

sentiments nationaux", <strong>de</strong> "discrimination raciale <strong>et</strong> d'offense à la mémoire d'Atatürk" . M. Nesin, qui, jusqu'à ces <strong>de</strong>rnières<br />

années, sous l'influence <strong>de</strong> l'intense bourrage <strong>de</strong> crâne <strong>de</strong> l'éducation nationaliste turque niait lui-même l'existence <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

en Turquie a tourné en dérision l'idéologie officielle <strong>et</strong> ses juges. La Cour a décidé <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r un rapport d'expertise au<br />

"Centre Atatürk <strong>de</strong> recherches qui est l'autorité la plus compétente pour indiquer si les propos incriminés constituent un<br />

délit" <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> renvoyer à une date ultérieure le procès. Souhaitant consacrer "les <strong>de</strong>rnières années <strong>de</strong> son existence à la cause <strong>de</strong><br />

la justice <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la démocratie" Aziz Nesin déclare "qu'il ne reculera <strong>de</strong>vant aucun obstacle ou interdit, qu'il militera jusqu'au<br />

bout pour que les Kur<strong>de</strong>s si injustement traités en Turquie obtiennent tous les droits, à l'exception du droit <strong>de</strong> créer un Etat<br />

séparé". C<strong>et</strong> écrivain avait déjà fait preuve d'un courage singulier en intentant un procès au général Evren, chef <strong>de</strong> l'Etat turc,<br />

pour "atteinte à la bonne réputation <strong>de</strong> la Turquie en instituant la pratique systématique <strong>de</strong> la torture <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la censure". Il ne<br />

s'est évi<strong>de</strong>mment trouvé aucun juge pour instruire une telle plainte dans un pays dont les habitants n'ont toujours pas accédé<br />

véritablement au statut <strong>de</strong> citoyens.<br />

:.lJH DOSSIER D'AMNESTY &J.B 1.A TORTURE Et:! TURQUIE. L'organisationhumanitaire a publié en novembre un dossier<br />

très documenté sur l'usage systématique <strong>de</strong> la torture dans les prisons turques, les centres <strong>de</strong> torture <strong>et</strong> les métho<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>s<br />

tortionnaires (Cf. Revue <strong>de</strong> presse <strong>de</strong> novembre pp 17-23).<br />

PUBLICATIONS<br />

RECENTES<br />

Al-DAHOODI Zuhdi, Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n, Geschichte, Kultur und Uberlebenskampf, Umschan Verlag, Franckfort, 1987, 191p.<br />

KRISTEV Radoy, Borbata na kurdite za natsionalno ocvoboj<strong>de</strong>nie( La lutte <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s pour la libération nationale), in <strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> l'<strong>Institut</strong> pour les théories sociales contemporaines <strong>de</strong> l'Académie bulgare <strong>de</strong>s sciences, pp 19-35.<br />

RUHANI Baba Mardukh, Tarixi mesairi kurd(Histoire <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s célèbres, mystiques, savants, gens <strong>de</strong> l<strong>et</strong>tres <strong>et</strong> poètes),<br />

volume 2, Soroush Press, Téhéran, 1987, 289 p. En persan.<br />

RES Kerem, Parad(Para<strong>de</strong>), éditions Sovi<strong>et</strong>ski Pisatel, Moscou, 1987,493 p. Traduction russe <strong>de</strong>s nouvelles d'un écrivain<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> soviétique.<br />

RESIT Tosin, Nivro(Midi), éditions Sovi<strong>et</strong>akan Grog, Erevan, 1987, 136 p. Recueil <strong>de</strong> poèmes en langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, caractères<br />

cyrilliques.<br />

DANS LA PRESSE KURDE<br />

~c (le But), magazine en <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> l'Union démocratique <strong>de</strong>s ouvriers <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, P.O. Box 240,1275024 Uppsala,<br />

Suè<strong>de</strong>, publie dans son numéro daté <strong>de</strong> décembre, 12p. , un texte <strong>de</strong> rémOrA Xeln sur le 90ème anniversaire <strong>de</strong> la naissance<strong>de</strong><br />

l'écrivain <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> soviétique Erebê Semo, une interview avec le poète <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> irakien S. Bêkes, <strong>de</strong>ux nouvelles <strong>de</strong> H. Hall <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> K.<br />

Berz, <strong>de</strong>s poèmes ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s informations sur la situation au Kurdistan.<br />

:Bt::R.:BANa(l'Aurore), organe en <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> la Fédération <strong>de</strong>s associations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s en Suè<strong>de</strong>, Box 45205, 104 30<br />

Stockholm, publie dans son numéro 7/87(46) daté du 15 décembre, un article <strong>de</strong> X. Xozan sur la situation au Kurdistan <strong>de</strong><br />

Turquie placée une nouvelle fois sous l'autorité d'un Inspecteur général d'Ankara, un compte-rendu du récent voyage <strong>de</strong>s<br />

interprètes <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>de</strong> Suè<strong>de</strong> en Union soviétique, un conte <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> recueilli par Oskar Mann, un texte <strong>de</strong> présentation <strong>de</strong>s<br />

oeuvres <strong>de</strong> l'artiste <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> Madhad M. An ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s informations sur la vie <strong>de</strong> la communauté <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en Suè<strong>de</strong>.<br />

:DENat: xonx...ut, organe <strong>de</strong> la Fédération <strong>de</strong>s Associations <strong>de</strong> travailleurs du Kurdistan en Allemagne Fédérale, publie<br />

dans son numéro 101 (16p.) daté d'octobre 87 un compte rendu <strong>de</strong> la discussion <strong>de</strong> la question <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong>vant la<br />

sous-commission <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme <strong>de</strong>s Nations Unies, une interview <strong>de</strong> Christina Kukielka, membre du Pa~ement régional<br />

<strong>de</strong> Hambourg, un texte <strong>de</strong> A. Bali, sur la langue <strong>et</strong> la littérature <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. lin" rubrique <strong>de</strong> publications récentes, ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s


5<br />

<strong>de</strong> Hambourg, un texte <strong>de</strong> A. BaIl, sur la langue el la Hllérature <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, une rubrique <strong>de</strong> publications récenles, ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Informations sur les actIvllés <strong>de</strong> l'association el sur la situation en Turqule.<br />

noaUA nu.X,WU)UT..lN, édité en français par le Comllé du Kurdistan, BP 445, 75527 Pans Ce<strong>de</strong>x 11, publie daJ<br />

IOn numéro 17 (sep.) , daté <strong>de</strong> novembre-décembre, un article du journaliste suisse Georg Schwarz", Inlltulé "le Kurdistan<br />

prllau piège <strong>de</strong> la violence el <strong>de</strong> la contre-vlolenc8", LI1 récit <strong>de</strong> voyage <strong>de</strong> Dominique N. dans la province <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> d'Adlyaman,<br />

<strong>de</strong>i nouvell.. <strong>de</strong>i prIIOnl a!nll que <strong>de</strong>i informations sur la lutlI ell88 activités du PKK (Parti <strong>de</strong>s Travailleurs du Kurdistan).<br />

~'J, organe <strong>de</strong> l'AI8ocIation <strong>de</strong>s étudiants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s en AsIe, édité à Karachi, publie dans son numéro <strong>de</strong> septembre 87<br />

III texte <strong>de</strong> présentation sur les Kur<strong>de</strong>s, un article sur les principales organisations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s InformalIons sur la<br />

répression au Kurdistan.<br />

x,WU)1.SCJŒS 1.Nf'OStnAT1.ON'1 !t-t'J'J, Unke WIenzelle 78,1060 VIENNE, bull<strong>et</strong>in édité en allemand, publie <strong>de</strong><br />

IOn n° 11, dalé d'octobre 87 un article sur l'Interdiction <strong>de</strong>s noms <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s en Turquie, un article sur la révolte <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> du Monl<br />

Arara~ 1927-1930,18 texte du pacte conclu entrel'organisalion arménienne Tasnak elle Khoyboon <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> ainsi qu'un point <strong>de</strong><br />

vue sur Ismail Beslkçl el son combal pour la vérité.<br />

R.1.y.A. ~ (le chemin <strong>de</strong> la liberté), organe en turc du Comité central du Parti socialiste <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> Turquie, publie lI'I<br />

lexte sur le 708 anniversaire <strong>de</strong> la révolution d'octobre, un article <strong>de</strong> S. Savoskul sur la révolution soviétique, ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s<br />

informations sur les activités <strong>de</strong> ce parti <strong>et</strong> sur la situation sociale <strong>et</strong> politique en Turquie.<br />

l'13tWE, revue culturelle <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en caractères arabes imprimée à Ourmiah(Kurdistan iranien), publie dans son numéro 14,<br />

daté <strong>de</strong> décembre, un article sur le chanteur En Merdan, une étu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Marif Aghayi sur la géographie <strong>de</strong> la province <strong>de</strong><br />

Shino(Oushnoviah), un texte d'Omar Faruqi sur le saint <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> Weysel Oerani, un point <strong>de</strong> vue <strong>de</strong> Qazi Etmed sur la diffICUlté<strong>de</strong><br />

vivre dans les villes,1arubrique littéraire <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> C. Cheikh allslami, <strong>de</strong>s contes, <strong>de</strong>s poèmes, <strong>de</strong>s proverbes <strong>et</strong> adages, <strong>et</strong>c ...<br />

===========================================================<br />

A NOS LECTEURS<br />

En raison <strong>de</strong>s diificultés financières <strong>et</strong> techniques <strong>de</strong> l'institut<br />

la parution du <strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong> a subi un garnd r<strong>et</strong>ard. Pour le résorber<br />

progressivement nous sommes amenés à publier quelques<br />

numéros triples. Nous espérons être en mesure d'assurer<br />

courant 1988 une meilleure régularité <strong>et</strong> prions instamment nos<br />

lecteurs <strong>et</strong> abonnés <strong>de</strong> bien vouloir nous excuser .<br />

------------------------------------------------------------


~OtCA<br />

VOmml ŒOO ¥IEOOVIE<br />

L'I nstltut Kur<strong>de</strong> dtffuse <strong>de</strong>s Hvres, dtsques, cass<strong>et</strong>tes <strong>et</strong> certes poste les. Vous en trouverez le Hate ct -<strong>de</strong>ssous.<br />

Pour vous lea procurer, envoyez le bon <strong>de</strong> commen<strong>de</strong>, avec votre rèolement per chique, CCP ou mendlt. Aucun<br />

envoi ne peut être feit contre remboursement.<br />

LlYRES<br />

El! f.RAP.t.~ LES KURDES ET LE KURDISTAN, oINr. collectif<br />

ANTtlJLOOIE DE LA POESIE POPULAIRE KURDE, Gérerd Chlilend<br />

MANUEL DE KURDE, Jop Blau<br />

GRAMMAIRE KURDE, Djeled<strong>et</strong> Bédir Khln <strong>et</strong> Roger LeIcot<br />

IMAGES DU KURDISTAN DE TURQUIE, ~ueUlp Mlli<br />

PERSECUTIONDU PEUPLE KURDE EN SYRIE,IS. Venlu<br />

EN FLAMAN LIED DER AARDE, Me<strong>de</strong>ni Ferho<br />

CIGERXWIN, POEZIE UIT KOERDISTAN, Der'w'i, Ferho<br />

Eli ALLEMAND KURDISCHEVOLKSDICHTUNG,Thomas Bots<br />

fit TIŒC.<br />

~IVAN'I N SEVDASI, Mahmut Bakst<br />

KÜRT'ÜN TÜRK'ÜSÜ<br />

ZAU£A- TÜRKÇE 5ÖZLÜK, Malmtsenij<br />

Di ARABE L'HISTOIRE DES KURDES ET DU KURDISTAN, Hehemed Emtn lekt<br />

CIRIKEY KURDISTAN<br />

REVUES APPEL DU KURDISTAN, NO3 <strong>et</strong> 4<br />

THE KURDISH OBSERVER<br />

DISGUES ~IVAN PERVER, The Kurdish Troubedour<br />

GULÎSTAN, My Heart ts t n Kurdisten<br />

CASSETTES ~IVAN PERVER, JI bo zerokên Kurdistan NO 1 <strong>et</strong> 2<br />

NÎZAMETTÎN ARIÇ, NO5<br />

BARAN N02<br />

STRANiN ME OOSTIN, Me1tke & ~1yan<br />

TENO, ChInta du Kurdistan<br />

CIWAN, N03 (éd: <strong>Institut</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>)<br />

MAZHAR, Miezi Kurdl NO1,2,3 <strong>et</strong> 4<br />

40F<br />

40F<br />

80 F<br />

200 r<br />

40r<br />

20 f<br />

20 F<br />

20 F<br />

20 F<br />

30 F<br />

50 r<br />

85 F<br />

120 F<br />

25 F<br />

15 F<br />

lOF<br />

70r<br />

70 F<br />

35 f<br />

35 F<br />

35 F<br />

35 r<br />

40F<br />

35 F<br />

35 F<br />

CARTES<br />

POST ALES<br />

Notr <strong>et</strong> blenc<br />

Couleur<br />

2f<br />

3f<br />

AffiCHES tlJMMAGE AYILMAZ GÜNEY<br />

PUBLICATIOIS HEYI, revue littéraire, en <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, no 2, 3,4<strong>et</strong> 5<br />

nL"IISTITUT STUDIA KURDICA, revue d'étu<strong>de</strong>s, no 1 (arabe <strong>et</strong> persen)<br />

no 2 (erebe), no 3 (turc),<br />

BULLETIN DE LIAISON ET D'INFORMATION, (tous lea numéros)<br />

CARTE GEOORAPHIQUEDU KURDI5T AN (couleur, 125x80)<br />

lOF<br />

50 F<br />

40r<br />

30 F<br />

25 F<br />

100 F


LlYRES<br />

tH KIRMANCÎ<br />

ZEND AVISTA, C.rX'w'ln<br />

RONAK, C.rx'w''in<br />

SEFAK, C8Q8rxw'in<br />

HÊVÎ, CegerX'w'ln<br />

HÊlÎN, Mahmut Baksl<br />

TU, Mehm<strong>et</strong> Uzun<br />

ALADÎN Û lAMPAVA BI EFSÛN, traduit per Bavê Barzan<br />

DENGÊROJA OIL, Der'w'ê~ Ferho<br />

EH ÛPIRSA HEp SahlM Sorelcll<br />

Mi RI NA KALEid RI ND, Mehmed Uzun<br />

GIRTÎ, F1rat CtNerl<br />

KOMARA DEMOt


•<br />

••<br />

LA REVUE DE PRESSE EN BREF - OCTOBRE 1987<br />

EN MARGB DB LA GUERRE DU GOLFB,Ia r6pression contre les Kur<strong>de</strong>s (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> Libertaire 17.9.87).<br />

A LA SUITE DB L'ARRBSTATION D'UN GUlDB FRANCAIS en Turquie, protestation <strong>de</strong> Marc Fraysse,<br />

conseiller r6gional <strong>et</strong> conseiller municipal <strong>de</strong> D6cines. Le Parlement europ6en adopte une r6solution condamnant c<strong>et</strong><br />

acte. (Lyon-Matin 29.9.87, Parlement Europ6en 10.87).<br />

LA DIFFICll.E SrnJATION DES MINORITBS CHRETIENNES en Turquie (La l<strong>et</strong>tre du GDM 10.87).<br />

DESTRUCTION DE 2 BASES Mll..ITAIRES IRANIENNES par les Kur<strong>de</strong>s, selon le PDKI (AFP 3.10.87,<br />

L'Humanité 5.10.87).<br />

TEMOIGNAGE SUR L'IRAK EN GUERRE d'un ingénieur, J.F. Danneels, qui y a passé plusieurs mois, en<br />

particulier au Kurdistan. "C'est un régime qui se dit socialiste mais en réalité totalitaire <strong>et</strong> qui ne me semble pas<br />

beaucoup trancher avec: celui <strong>de</strong> 11ran". (La Nouvelle oq,êche du Centre Ouest 3.10.87).<br />

LE GUIDE FRANCAIS BN LIBERTE PROVISOIRE (Le Figaro 6.10.87). ASSIGNE A RESIDENCE EN<br />

TURQUIE, il est "inqui<strong>et</strong> pour sa sécurité" (L'Humanité 6.10.87). LA PRESSE TURQUE CRITIQUE le proc~ qui<br />

est intenté. Michel Caraminot,le gui<strong>de</strong> fratlçais (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> 6.10.87).<br />

6 MORTS lors d'un accrochage. SUn. 4 REBELLES TUES dans le village <strong>de</strong> Dirckli. En tout, 86 personnes tu6cs<br />

par <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>puis 3 mois, selon Milliyct (AFP 7 <strong>et</strong> 12.10.87).<br />

Il TIJES par <strong>de</strong>s rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> 13.10.87).<br />

ROME SOUS LE CHOC, après le rapt <strong>de</strong> 3 Italiens en Irak, par un groupe <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> pro-iranien. LES AUTORITES<br />

ITALIENNBS, MALGRE ELLES, SE TROUVENT IMPLIQUEES plus avant dans la Guerre du Golfe (Le Matin<br />

14.10.87, Libération 15.10.87).<br />

LE GUIDE PREND LA CLEF DES CHAMPS, profitant <strong>de</strong> sa mise en liberté provisoire. (Libération 17.10.87).<br />

BUREAUX PARISIENS DE LA LUFI1IANSA occupés par <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s (Le Soir 19.10.87).<br />

EXECUTION DE 6 PERSONNES COUPABLES D'OPERATIONS ARMEES en Iran (AFP 19.10.87).<br />

TEMOIGNAGE SUR LES PRISONS TURQUES par le jeune gui<strong>de</strong> français qui y a séjourné 110 jours<br />

(L'Humanité 23.10.87).<br />

LA POLITIQUE DE LA TERRE BRULEE <strong>de</strong> Bagdad n'est pas venue à bout <strong>de</strong> la guerilla <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> (Le Mon<strong>de</strong><br />

23.10.87).<br />

"L'IRAN EST LE MEll..LEUR AMI D1SRAEL". Ces propos attribués à M. Rabin, Ministre <strong>de</strong> la Défense d'Israêl,<br />

ont été immédiatement démentis. Il s'agit, pourtant. d'une gaffe révélatrice (Le Figaro 30.10.87).<br />

DOSSIER SUR LA TORTURE EN TURQUIE. Nombreux témoignages <strong>de</strong> personnes qui ont été soumises, <strong>de</strong>s<br />

militants, mais aussi <strong>de</strong>s femmes, <strong>de</strong>s enfants ... (Amnesty International,9.87)<br />

300 ENFANTS ET ADOLESCENTS arrêtés à Suleymaniya. 29 auraient été exécutés (Amnesty International<br />

"Urgent Action" 16.9.87)<br />

LE GUIDE FRANCAIS SERA JUGE POUR "SEPARATISME" (Sydney Morning Herald 3.10.87).<br />

CONDAMNE A 36 ANS DE PRISON. Recep Marasli a été arrêté en 1978, puis en 1982 pour avoir publié <strong>de</strong>s<br />

livres sur la minorité <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>. Il a pris part à plusieurs grèves <strong>de</strong> la faim, dans la prison <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir. <strong>et</strong> son état <strong>de</strong><br />

santé est critique. (Amnesty International <strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong> 10.87).<br />

L'IRAK RASE LEURS VILLAGES. DEPORTE LES KURDES (The Washington Times 6.10.87).


2<br />

~--------,<br />

-.<br />

RAPf d'Italiens en Irak (Financial Times 13.10.87)<br />

ROME REFUSE DE NEGOCIER (Financial Times 15.10.87).<br />

APPEL D'OFFRES INTERNATIONAL pour la réhabilitation du Secteur Santé en Turquie (Financial Times<br />

28.10.87). .<br />

MALGRE LA GUERRE, l'économie irakienne se relève, gràce au pétrole (The Christian Science Monitor<br />

29.10.87).<br />

LE KURDISTAN, un pays occupé (Kölner Volksblatt 20.10.87).<br />

LES KURDES, UN PEUPLE OUBLIE<br />

(Mabuse oct.nov.87).<br />

TROIS TECHNICIENS IT ALlENS AUX MAINS DES KURDES. Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>nt le r<strong>et</strong>rait <strong>de</strong>s navires<br />

italiens du golfe <strong>et</strong> lancent un ULTIMATUM: Cessez d'ai<strong>de</strong>r le régime <strong>de</strong> Bagdad. UN DES TECHNICIENS <strong>de</strong>puis<br />

un mois aux mains <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s. La CIA collabore avec Rome pour les recherches. (Nuova Unita 8.10.87, Paese sera,<br />

. Il Tempo, L'Unila, La Repubblica, La Stampa, Il Messaggero 13.10.87).<br />

LE GOUVERNEMENT INVITE AU SILENCE <strong>et</strong> cherche à dédramatiser l'affaire. Une organisation d'étudiants<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s en Europe affmne: "les rapts sont mauvais pour notre cause". LA QUESTION KURDE ET LE CONFLIT<br />

AVEC L'IRAN. L'Iraq <strong>de</strong> Saddam : 7 ans <strong>de</strong> guerre, un pouvoir absolu. (Il Manifesto 14.10.87).<br />

ILS SONT VIV ANTS ET BIEN PORTANTS, annoncent les Kur<strong>de</strong>s qui détiennent les techniciens italiens.<br />

BAGDAD : un missile terre-terre tombe sur une école. 29 enfants tués, 200 civils blessés. LE RECIT D'UN<br />

OTAGE ITALIEN en Irak, en 1984. (Avvenire 14.10.87).<br />

LE PALAIS FARNESE confIrme que <strong>de</strong>s négociations secrètes ont eu lieu avec <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Londres. Les trois<br />

otages se portent bien. TEHERAN rej<strong>et</strong>te toute responsabilité. La présence militaire italienne dans le golfe constitue<br />

un soutien à la politique américaine dans la région. N'ACCUSONS PAS TOUS LES KURDES. (Il Giomale<br />

14.10.87).<br />

NOUS N'AVONS RECU AUCUN MESSAGE <strong>de</strong>s ravisseurs <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, affmne le sous-secrétaire aux Affaires<br />

Etrangères (La Stampa 15.10.87).<br />

VOICI NOS CONDITIONS. Interview du chef <strong>de</strong> l'Union Patriotique, à Londres. Pour le premier otage, <strong>de</strong>s masques<br />

à gaz. Pour les autres, le r<strong>et</strong>rait <strong>de</strong> la flotte italienne. LE GOUVERNEMENT NE SAIT PAS ENCORE<br />

EXACTEMENT AVEC QUI NEGOCIER. UN TECHNICIEN IT ALlEN RACONTE: Comment j'ai vécu parmi les<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s. LES CHASSEURS DE MINE ITALIENS ont commencé leur travail dans le Golfe. (paese Sera 15.10.87).<br />

APRES AVOIR CACHE L'ENLEVE MENT DES TROIS TECHNICIENS. Goria <strong>et</strong> Andreotti envoient <strong>de</strong>ux<br />

sous-secrétaires répondre aux interrogations <strong>de</strong>s parlementaires. LA GUERRE DU GOLFE: une pluie <strong>de</strong> bombes sur<br />

<strong>de</strong>s villages <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. Onze morts. OFFENSIVE IRAKIENNE CONTRE LES KURDES. Les otages sont en danger.<br />

(II Manifesto 15.10.87).<br />

DEUX GROUPES DIFFERENTS détiennent les otages. Ceux-ci sont ensemble cependant. afflnDe le représentant à<br />

Londres <strong>de</strong> l'Union Patriotique (paese Sera 16.10.87).<br />

INTERVIEW DE BARZAN!: "Nous vous avions avertis". (Corriere <strong>de</strong>lla Serra 16.10.87).<br />

LES OTAGES VONT BIEN. En aucun cas, nous ne leur ferons <strong>de</strong> mal. (La Repubblica 16.10.87).<br />

LES ENNUIS DE MOSCOU. Selon l'''Etoile Rouge", l'URSS se sent mal à l'aise face à la mo<strong>de</strong>rnisation <strong>de</strong> l'armée<br />

turque. L'AEROPORT MILITAIRE DE MUS mis à la disposition <strong>de</strong> l'OTAN entrera en service en 1990. (Milliy<strong>et</strong><br />

2.10.87).<br />

CE SONT DES TRAFIQUANTS QUI ENVOIENT DES DEMANDEURS D'ASILE KURDES en RFA : sur les<br />

31000 <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>s, 5 ont abouti. (Tercüman 1.10.87).


.- .. 3<br />

GUET-APENS tendu par le PKK aux militaires à Tunceli (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 1.10.87).<br />

AHMET TURK, candidat à la députation, accusé d'avoir aidé le PKK, déclare qu'il est certain d'être élu à l'Assemblée<br />

nationale (Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 2.10.87).<br />

NOMBREUSES OPERATIONS DU PKK, à Mardin, SUrt, Igdir, Diyarbakir. 25 membres du PKK aI1'!tés à<br />

Diyarbakir. (Milliy<strong>et</strong>, Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 3,5,9.10.87).<br />

QUElLE CHANTEUSE SERT DE COURRIER AU PKK? L'ARMEE SE MET EN ETAT D'ALARME, pour<br />

affronter les actions du PKK c<strong>et</strong> hiver. (TercUman 5.10.87).<br />

EFFORT D'UNIFICATION <strong>de</strong>s partis <strong>de</strong> gauche interdits en Turquie (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 9.10.87).<br />

LES PROTECI'EURS DE VILLAGE ont stoppé une action du PKK à BingöI. 20 MEMBRES DU PKK arrêtés à<br />

Mardin <strong>et</strong> au Mont Ararat L'IRAN ARME LES SEPARATISTES: quel ami est-ce là? (TercUman, Milliy<strong>et</strong>,<br />

Hürri<strong>et</strong> 10 <strong>et</strong> 12.10.87).<br />

GENOCIDE DE TURCS à Kirkouk. 50 <strong>de</strong> nos frères <strong>de</strong> sang fusiUés par le régime <strong>de</strong> Bagdad (TercUman 10.10.87).<br />

LE SANG A COULE A NOUVEAU. Le PKK a tué 13 peI'SOMes à Simak. UN BILAN SANGLANT: 86 morts en<br />

84 jours. (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 12 <strong>et</strong> 13.10.87).<br />

4 HORS LA LOI TUES à Bingöl (TercUman 14.10.87).<br />

LE PKK A DONNE L'ORDRE A SES MILITANTS D'ATTAQUER LES OBJECTIFS ECONOMIQUES (<br />

Milliy<strong>et</strong> 14.10.87).<br />

3000 TURCS FUYANT LE REGIME SANGLANT DE L'IRAK sont dans une attente interminable en Iran<br />

(Tercüman 14.10.87).<br />

RAPPORT D'AUTOPSIE: l'instituteur Siddik Bilgin est mort sous la torture. ACTION DU PKK à Simak : 2<br />

morts, 8 enlèvements (Mil1iy<strong>et</strong> 14 <strong>et</strong> 15.10.87).<br />

LA VERITE AMBRE SUR LE MASSACRE DE COBANDERE. Les fusils <strong>de</strong> chasse face aux kalachnikovs<br />

(Tercüman 14.10.87).<br />

UN PROTECI'EUR DE VILLAGE transformé en héros. Après avoir tué 3 terroristes, il <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> la protection <strong>de</strong> la<br />

police. LA VISITE DU MINISTRE DE L'INTERIEUR à l'est: il lance un sévère avertissement aux fonctionnaires<br />

qui ne combattent pas suffisamment les séparatistes. LE PKK ATTAQUE UN VILLAGE : un protecteur tué.<br />

(Hürriy<strong>et</strong>, Milliy<strong>et</strong> 15 <strong>et</strong> 16.10.87).<br />

DOUCHE FROIDE à Ankara, suite aux déclarations du Pdt <strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> RFA <strong>de</strong>mandant la garantie <strong>de</strong>s droits<br />

<strong>de</strong>s minorités. LE POLICIER ACCUSE D'AVOIR TORTURE A MORT l'instituteur Sidik Bilgin est recherché<br />

pour viol (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 16.10.87).<br />

LES EXILES DE LA PEUR : les tribus <strong>de</strong> Simak <strong>et</strong> Ulu<strong>de</strong>re quittent leur village. SOUTIEN DE L'EUROPE au<br />

gui<strong>de</strong> français accusé <strong>de</strong> propagan<strong>de</strong> <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>et</strong> arménienne arrêté en Turquie. LA "GAFFE DIPLOMATIQUE" du Pdt<br />

<strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> RFA est discutée à Ankara (Milliy<strong>et</strong>, Hürriy<strong>et</strong>, TercUman 17.10.87).<br />

318 MAIRES DE VILLAGE en séminaire avec le préf<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> BingöI. ATTAQUE du PKK à Diele. Un maire <strong>de</strong> village<br />

tué. LA FRONTIERE TURCO-SYRIENNE sera désormais éclairée. SABOT AGE du PKK sur l'oléoduc<br />

turco-irakien. UN CAMP DE CRIMINELS à notre porte : le PKK se trouve à 20 km. <strong>de</strong> la frontière. (TercUman,<br />

Hürriy<strong>et</strong>, Mil1iy<strong>et</strong> 17 <strong>et</strong> 19.10.87).<br />

PANIQUE AU PKK. Un militant ayant quitté le parti est menacé <strong>de</strong> mOrL (TercUman 19.10.87).<br />

IN1ERVIEW DU GUIDE FRANCAIS libéré après 5 mois <strong>de</strong> prison en Turquie (Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 21.10.87).<br />

L'EX-DEPUTE NURETTIN YILMAZ n'ayant pas été investi par le SHP se présente sous l'étiqu<strong>et</strong>te <strong>de</strong> l'ANAP.


4<br />

(Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 19.10.87).<br />

5 MILLIONS DE LIRES EN PRIME à un père <strong>et</strong> son fils pour avoir tué 4 hors la loi. 3 SEPARATISTES<br />

ARRETES A MUS. UN POLICIER PENDU PAR LES SEPARATISTES. (Tercüman, Hürrieyt 24 <strong>et</strong> 29.10.87).<br />

LES SEPARATISTES S'ENTRE-DECHIRENT en RFA, aux Pays-Bas, en France <strong>et</strong> en Grèce (Tercilman 29.10.87)<br />

L'ASSASSINAT DE HAMBOURG est l'oeuvre du PKK, affIrme un membre du CDU. L'ANCIEN MINISTRE <strong>et</strong><br />

candidat à la députation du SHP à Diyarbakir, M. Isken<strong>de</strong>roglu, déclare qu'il abor<strong>de</strong>ra la question <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> à l'Assemblée<br />

Nationale. (Tercüman, Milliy<strong>et</strong> 29 <strong>et</strong> 30.10.87).<br />

LA PENDAISON EST REQUISE POUR 5 MILITANTS DU PKK à Diyarbakir. UN TERRORISTE tué à Midyat.<br />

LA MAFIA ET LE PKK règlent leurs comptes.<br />

(Milliy<strong>et</strong>, Tercilman 30.10.87).<br />

UNE INTERVIEW DU PRESIDENT DE L'ASSEMBLEE NATIONALE, Kinyas Kartal, d'origine <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>:<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s, dit-il, aiment beaucoup les Turcs". (Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 5.10.87).<br />

"Les<br />

LE PRESIDENT DE LA REPUBLIQUE ALLEMAND, qui avait reçu le prix international <strong>de</strong> la paix,<br />

Atatürk, en est-il digne après ses déclarations malencontreuses? (Yeni Gün<strong>de</strong>m 18.10.87).<br />

dédié à<br />

ENFIN LIBRE! Le gouvernement entend lever l'interdiction frappant les fIlms <strong>de</strong> Yilmaz Güney. LES SINISTRES<br />

DU TREMBLEMENT DE TERRE DE VARTO atten<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong>puis 21 ans la reconstruction <strong>de</strong> leur maison. UNE<br />

INTERVIEW du cinéaste Clau<strong>de</strong> Weisz qui a tourné le film sur la vie <strong>de</strong> Güney. ON PEUT SAUVER<br />

HASANKEYF, site historique millénaire à Diyarbakir. (Nokta 4 <strong>et</strong> 11.10.87).<br />

DES ITALIENS PRIS EN OTAGE. (Wiener Zeitung 15.10.87).<br />

AVEC DES IRANIENS EN GUERRE L'IRAK. Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s en marche. (Wiener Zeitung 16.10.87).<br />

SALE GUERRE AU KURDISTAN. Bombes au phosphore contre les villages <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. (Frankfurter Allgemeine<br />

Zeitung 26.10.87).<br />

WEIZACKER m<strong>et</strong> en gar<strong>de</strong> la Turquie contre le danger <strong>de</strong> l'intolérance. En visite en Turquie pour recevoir le prix<br />

Ataturk <strong>de</strong> la Paix, le prési<strong>de</strong>nt invite la Turquie à respecter les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme <strong>et</strong> les droits <strong>de</strong> la minorité <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>.<br />

(Der TagesspiegeI15.10.87). .


, ,<br />

5<br />

LA REVUE DE PRESSE EN BREF - NOVEMBRE 1987<br />

PARUI10N du livre <strong>de</strong> Zuhdi Al-Dahoodi "Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n" (Umschau 10.87).<br />

CONDAMNATION A 36 ANS DE PRISON confurn6e en appel pour 1'6crivain <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> Recep Marasli. Il est<br />

condamn6 pour activit6s s6paratistes, <strong>et</strong> aussi pour la d6fense qu'il a pr6sent6e <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal (Ouest-France<br />

24.10.87).<br />

LES LOCAUX DE L'AGENCE DE PRESSE OUEST-ALLEMANDE DPA, PUIS CEUX DE LA CHAINE DE<br />

TELE ZDF OCCUPES par <strong>de</strong>s militants du Front <strong>de</strong> Lib6ration Nationale du Kurdistan, protestant contre la saisie <strong>de</strong><br />

700000 marks aux domiciles <strong>de</strong> plusieurs nationalistes <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, lors <strong>de</strong> perquisitions. (Libération 4.11.87 t AFP<br />

5.11.87).<br />

LE PROCUREUR DEMANDE L'ACQUITTEMENT du gui<strong>de</strong> français, les témoignages contradictoires <strong>de</strong><br />

l'accompagnateur turc ne constituant pas <strong>de</strong>s preuves. (AFP 3.11.87, Le Courrier <strong>de</strong> l'Ouest 5.11.87) .<br />

•<br />

MEDECIN DU MONDE, Patrick Faure a passé un mois chez les Kur<strong>de</strong>s iraniens (Le Midi Libre 4.11.87).<br />

LETTRE OUVERTE AU PRESIDENT DE LA REPUBLIQUE "Je ne veux plus que mes impôts servent à<br />

massacrer les enfants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. Je <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> que le gouvernement français cesse toute ai<strong>de</strong> militaire <strong>et</strong> financière au<br />

gouvernement irakien". C'est signé P. Leclercq,1ecteur du Courrier <strong>de</strong> l'Action <strong>de</strong>s Chrétiens contre la Torture, suite<br />

à une information sur les bombar<strong>de</strong>ments chimiques <strong>de</strong> villages <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s par 11rak. (Réforme 14.11.87).<br />

APPEL DE 5 ORGANISA nONS KURDES CONTRE L'IRAK, au somm<strong>et</strong> d'Amman, afin qu'il intervienne en<br />

faveur du peuple <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> exposé à <strong>de</strong>s massacres, opérations <strong>de</strong> déplacement <strong>de</strong> population <strong>et</strong> au génoci<strong>de</strong>". PLUS DE<br />

2000 SOLDATS IRAKIENS tués au Kurdistan irakien, selon Téhéran. 25 KURDES EXECUTES par l'armée<br />

irakienne, selon l'UPK. (AFP 7 <strong>et</strong> 21.11.87).<br />

GUERRE IRAN-IRAK: Offensives dans le Kurdistan irakien (dans la région <strong>de</strong> Haj Omran) <strong>et</strong> campagne <strong>de</strong><br />

mobilisation en Iran. Il Y aurait eu 1000 tués <strong>et</strong> blessés dans les rangs <strong>de</strong>s forces armées <strong>de</strong> Téhéran, affirment les<br />

Moudjahiddines du peuple. MOBILISAnON DES ETUDIANTS IRANIENS inscrits à l'Université antérieurement à<br />

1984, qui doivent rejoindre, pendant 6 mois, les unités combattantes. L'UPK ACCUSE LES IRAKIENS D'AVOIR<br />

exécuté plus <strong>de</strong> 200 Kur<strong>de</strong>s. SELON BAGDAD, les forces irakiennes exercent une domination<br />

au nord-est <strong>de</strong> 11rak. (A.F.P.23 <strong>et</strong> 24.11.87).<br />

•<br />

totale dans les régions<br />

TURGUT OZAL bien parti pour remporter les élections législatives. Il affurne sa conviction <strong>de</strong> voir la Turquie, d'ici<br />

1992, répondre aux critères démocratiques <strong>de</strong> l'Europe dans la plupart <strong>de</strong>s domaines. LA PRESSE TURQUE<br />

RETROUVE PEU A PEU SA LIBERTE ... mais critiquer les militaires ou évoquer la résistance <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> restent<br />

tabous. (Libération 26.11.87).<br />

ELECIlONS LEGISLA nVES DU 29.11 : la Turquie entre <strong>de</strong>ux siècles (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> 28.11.87).<br />

BARZANI ET T ALABANI, selon l'agence <strong>de</strong> presse iranienne !RNA, appellent au soulèvement contre l'Irak (AFP<br />

27.11.87).<br />

ARRESTATIONS ARBITRAIRES en Turquie <strong>de</strong> 2 dirigeants <strong>de</strong> partis <strong>de</strong> gauche. Le Parlement Européen adopte<br />

une résolution <strong>de</strong>mandant leur libération immédiate (Parlement Européen nov.87).<br />

LE LONG CHEMIN VERS LA DEMOCRATIE. Les élections en Turquie ont valeur <strong>de</strong> test. L'adhésion à la<br />

communauté européenne: un grand <strong>de</strong>ssein, qui concerne <strong>de</strong> larges secteurs <strong>de</strong> la société turque. RESURGENCE DU<br />

MONDE OUVRIER, après l'écrasement du syndicalisme turc, au len<strong>de</strong>main du coup d'état <strong>de</strong> 1980. UN PRECIEUX<br />

AVANT-POSTE DE L'OTAN: la Turquie possè<strong>de</strong> l'armée la plus forte <strong>de</strong> l'OTAN en Europe, 800 000 hommes.<br />

VIGOUREUSE POUSSEE DU COURANT ISLAMISTE. Les attaques se développent contre les principes laïcs,<br />

piliers <strong>de</strong> l'Etat républicain turc. LES ASSYRO-CHALDENS : une minorité oubliée. LE LOURD CONTENTIEUX<br />

AVEC LA GRECE. KURDIST AN, un conflit qui dure. (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> Diplomatique nov.87).


•<br />

6<br />

L'IRAK ADMET A VOIR DEPLACE DE FORCE LES KURDES, après avoir démoli leurs maisons (Sydney<br />

Morning Herald 7.11.87).<br />

DEPUIS LE COUP D'ETAT DE 1980, LA TORTURE N'A PAS CESSE EN TURQUIE. Un dossier d'Amnesty<br />

International. Dans la région du sud-est, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s en font les frais. (<strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong> d'Amnesty International, nov.1987).<br />

KURDISTAN ... un reportage (Heer 15.11.87).<br />

LES KURDES, en lutte <strong>de</strong>puis que le traité <strong>de</strong> Lausanne avait reconnu leur droit à un Etat indépendant (De SchnUss<br />

nov.87).<br />

LES KURDES ENFERMES DANS UNE NOUVELLE GUERRE où ils sont vaincus d'avance 7 (World Report<br />

9.11.87).<br />

UNE RACE DE SEIGNEURS DE LA GUERRE: les Kur<strong>de</strong>s (Ahurka nov.87).<br />

7 TERRORISTES TUES A SIRNAK lors d'une opération militaire. DES GRENADES POUR LES<br />

PROTECfEURS. (Tercüman, Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 4.11.87).<br />

~<br />

LA VERITE DERRIERE L'ASSASSINAT DE HAMBOURG: le PKK veut effrayer la gauche turque. APO avoue:<br />

une vie ne suffIrait pas pour liqui<strong>de</strong>r l'Etat turc. (Hürriy<strong>et</strong>, Tercüman 5.11.87).<br />

LES CANDIDATS A LA DEPUTATION QUI N'ONT PAS RECU L'INVESTITURE DU SHP accusent le Parti<br />

d'être à la sol<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s séparatistes <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. UNE FAMILLE ENTIERE membre d'une organisation clan<strong>de</strong>stine arrêtée à<br />

Mersin. LE PKK A REUSSI A SE BRANCHER sur les fréquences <strong>de</strong> la police <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la gendarmerie. DECISION<br />

DU PKK : Priorité à l'action dans les villes. (Milliy<strong>et</strong>, Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 5 <strong>et</strong> 6.11.87).<br />

CANDIDAT A LA DEPUTATION DU SHP, AHMET TURK déclare que la mise en place <strong>de</strong>s protecteurs <strong>de</strong> village<br />

divise la population. DIFFERENTES ACTIONS DU PKK à Gaziantep <strong>et</strong> à Nusaybin. (Mi1liy<strong>et</strong>, Tercüman,<br />

Hurriy<strong>et</strong> 6,7,9.11.87).<br />

DERNIER APPEL LANCE AU PKK pour qu'il se livre aux autorités (Tercüman 9.11.87).<br />

EVREN ET ECEVIT sont plus tendres que les généraux à l'égard <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s, selon les rapports secr<strong>et</strong>s établis par<br />

l'Ambassa<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Etats-Unis (Söz 9.11.87).<br />

LE PKK EST ISOLE en Europe (Milliy<strong>et</strong>, 10.11.87).<br />

LA QUESTION KURDE A LA TELEVISION ALLEMANDE: Les protecteurs <strong>de</strong> village "Nous n'avons pas peur<br />

du PKK". 27 MEMBRES DU PKK ARRETES à Hakkari. LE PKK A BRULE UNE ECOLE <strong>et</strong> enlevé l'instituteur.<br />

(Tercüman, Milliy<strong>et</strong> 10 <strong>et</strong> 12.11.87).<br />

LE PROJET ECONOMIQUE GAP A DONNE LIEU A DES MALVERSATIONS (Mil1iy<strong>et</strong> 14.11.87).<br />

UNE INTERVIEW D'AHMET TURK, candidat à la députation, actuellement emprisonné à Mardin. Il déclare que<br />

l'accusation <strong>de</strong> séparatisme est anachronique. (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 17,18.11.87).<br />

15 JOURS D'ENTRAINEMENT MILITAIRE obligatoire pour les protecteurs <strong>de</strong> village. UN SOLDAT SAUTE<br />

SUR UNE MINE POSEE PAR LE PKK. DES HELICOPTERES seront utilisés contre les combattants du PKK<br />

(Milliy<strong>et</strong> 19 <strong>et</strong> 20.11.87).<br />

LIBERATION D'AHMET TURK, contre lequel 15 années d'emprisonnement avaient été requises. LE PKK<br />

ATTAQUE maintenant les écoles <strong>et</strong> menace les instituteurs. (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 21.11.87).<br />

LE REALISATEUR DE VOL passible <strong>de</strong> 15 ans d'emprisonnement. (Söz 21.11.87).<br />

"LA VOIX DES KURDES AUX ETATS-UNIS" : la question <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est discutée à l'<strong>Institut</strong> <strong>de</strong> Recherche du<br />

Moyen-Orient, à Washington. (Söz 21.11.87).


t<br />

•<br />

7<br />

UNE SEULE SAGE-FEMME POUR 92 VILLAGES (TercUman 21.11.87).<br />

LE PlOC ACCUSE <strong>de</strong> trattrise les lea<strong>de</strong>rs du Parti communiste <strong>de</strong> Turquie, qui sont rentr6s en Turquio. 31<br />

MEMBRES DU PKK 81'1'!t6sà Diyarb8kir (MilUyot 21.11.87).<br />

ACCUSATION MENSONGERE DE LA RADIO BULGARE: "La mlÙoriI6 <strong>de</strong>s races vivant dans l'empire ottoman<br />

ont 616 massacr6es par les Turcs". UNE SUPER PRIME à ceux qui d6nonceront les crimes du PlOC <strong>et</strong> l'assassin<br />

d'Olof Palme. CANDIDAT DU DYP A LA DEPUTATION, Elgin proposerait le droit d'avoir <strong>de</strong>s 6missions en<br />

langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> à la tél6vision s'i16tait 61u (TercUman 23, 26.11.87).<br />

L'ARMEE EN ETAT D'ALERTE pour faire face aux actions du PKK (HUrriy<strong>et</strong> 28.11.87).<br />

L'OBJECI1F D'UNE ORGANISATION KURDE, TSK, est <strong>de</strong> réaliser <strong>de</strong>s actions armées contre la Turquie. LE<br />

SCENARIO D'OCCUPATION MILITAIRE <strong>de</strong> Kirkouk fait <strong>de</strong> nouveau surface. LE REPRESENTANT DES<br />

TURCS en Ira1c "Nos frères <strong>de</strong> race ne doivent pas être sacrifiés polD' les intérêts pétroUers <strong>de</strong> Turquie" (Yeni GUn<strong>de</strong>m<br />

1.11.87).<br />

SELON UN DEPUTE DU SHP, AYDIN GURKAN, qui a divulgué <strong>de</strong>s documents, dont l'authenticité a été<br />

confmnée par un commandant d'une unit6 <strong>de</strong> l'armée tlD'que, ordre a été donné aux militaires d'arrêter <strong>et</strong> d'exécuter sur<br />

place les militants membres d'organisations séparatistes, sans autre forme <strong>de</strong> procès. (2000'e Dogru 15.11.87).<br />

L'AVENTURE MALENCONTREUSE D'UN JOURNALISTE <strong>de</strong> la revue NOKTA, venu interviewer en Iran<br />

Masoud Barzani <strong>et</strong> Jelal Talabani : ila passé Il jours en prison (2000'e Dogru 29.11.87).<br />

LA DESTRUCTION DES KURDES D'IRAK. (The Wall Stre<strong>et</strong> Journall0.8.87).<br />

LES KURDES D'IRAK LUTTENT POUR LEUR SURVIE (The New York Times 5.10.87).<br />

LA TURQUIE COMMET UN GENOCIDE CONTRE LES KURDES (The California Courier 29.10.87).<br />

ILS SONT 17 MILLIONS, DISPERSES DANS 5 ETATS ...(L'Est Républicain 26.11.87).


f<br />

LA REVUE DE PRESSE EN BREF • DECEMBRE 1987<br />

DIYARBAKIR, capitale du Kurdistan, sous la loi <strong>de</strong> l'oppression (L'Humanité 1.12.87).<br />

DES OPERATIONS DE GUERILLA KURDE en Irak, selon <strong>de</strong>s sources iraniennes. Le PUK aurait infligé <strong>de</strong>s<br />

revers importants à l'année irakienne (BBC Summary ofWorld Broadcasts 3.12.87).<br />

PRES DE 3 MILLIONS D'IRANIENS REFUGIES EN TURQUIE (Le Matin 8.12.87).<br />

LE PROBLEME KURDE, <strong>et</strong> les relatiQns g~ Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>et</strong> d'J:stëœl(The Middle East 10.12.87).<br />

LES DROITS DE L'HOMME NE SONT TOUJOURS PAS RESPECTES EN TURQUIE, affirme l'organisation<br />

"Helsinki Watch" (New York Times 10,12.87).<br />

RETOMBEES DU CONFLIT DU GOLFE : L'économi~ iranienne au bout du rouleau (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> 11.12.87).<br />

Economie <strong>de</strong> guerre à Bagdad (Le Mon<strong>de</strong> 13.12.87).<br />

LES CONDITIONS DE VIE DES REFUGIES IRANIENS (F.I.D.H. 15.12,87).<br />

EXPULSION d'un Kur<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Turquie arrêté en Eure <strong>et</strong> Loir, à qui l'asile politique a été refusé. Il risquc la peine <strong>de</strong><br />

mort. (L'Echo Républicain <strong>de</strong> la Beauce <strong>et</strong> du Perche 17,12,87).<br />

GREVE DE LA FAIM <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux réfugiés politiques <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, à Dreux, en protestation contre les mesures du<br />

gouvernement français (La République du Centre 17.12.87).<br />

LA RAFLE DES OPPOSANTS IRANIENS, ou comment on j<strong>et</strong>te <strong>de</strong>s "indésirables", pour faire plaisir au régime d~<br />

Téhéran (L'Evènement du Jeudi 17.12.87).<br />

8<br />

LA CRISE KURDE,<br />

en Turquie, ne s'arrêtera pas (The Globe and MaiI21.12.87).<br />

LE KURDISTAN PRIS AU PIEGE <strong>de</strong> la violence <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la contre-violence: le bain <strong>de</strong> sang <strong>de</strong> Pinarcik, le système<br />

<strong>de</strong>s milices, les déportations en masse (<strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong> CEDRI 21.12.87).<br />

LE PARTI SOCIALISTE FRANCAIS conteste les mesures d'expulsion d'Iraniens <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s (La Nouvelle<br />

République du Centre Ouest 21.12.87).<br />

LA SOLUTION DE BAGDAD pour le nord <strong>de</strong> l'Irak: opérations périodiques <strong>et</strong> déportations (Frankfurter Al1gcmein~<br />

Zeitung 22.12.87).<br />

VOILA LES KURDES! (Hoolam Hazeh 23.12.87).<br />

UN CHOMEUR KURDE, réfugié politique en France, ne peut faire venir son fils, faulc <strong>de</strong> Lravail (OUc')l-llance<br />

24.12.87).<br />

FRANCE-TURQUIE: la coopération en bonne voie, suite à l'accord pour l'équipement en gaz d'Istanbul (Le Figaro<br />

28.12.87).<br />

HUSEYIN KLINC, le Kur<strong>de</strong> expulsé <strong>de</strong> France après qu'on lui ait refusé l'asile politique, a passé 7 jours dans une<br />

chambre <strong>de</strong> torture, à son arrivée à Istanbul, affirment ses camara<strong>de</strong>s (L'Echo Républicain <strong>de</strong> la Beauce <strong>et</strong> du Perche<br />

29.12.87).<br />

GREVE DE LA FAIM, en l'église St Merri, à <strong>Paris</strong>, <strong>de</strong> sympathisants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, pour protester contre l'expulsion au<br />

Gabon <strong>de</strong> 3 <strong>de</strong>s leurs. LE CONSULAT DE FRANCE à Zurich brèvement occupé, par 21 Kur<strong>de</strong>s qui entendaient<br />

protester contre la situation au Kurdistan. LES TROIS lURCS D'ORIGINE K~E expulsés au Gabon n'ont rien<br />

à voir avec l'Iran, selon le représentant du Front <strong>de</strong> Libération Nationale du Kurdistan. SEPT MORTS AU COURS<br />

D'UN ACCROCHAGE entre l'armée turque <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. MANIFESTATION DE KURDES DEVAN1'<br />

L'AMBASSADE DE FRANCE A LA HAYE. DEUX AGHAS KURDES ELUS A L'ASSEMBLEE NATIONALE<br />

D'ANKARA. Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk <strong>et</strong> Nur<strong>et</strong>tin Yilmaz affmnent, l'un <strong>et</strong> l'autre, vouloir défendre les droits démocratiques <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s.20 KURDES MENENT UNE GREVE DE LA FAIM <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux jours à Athènes, <strong>de</strong>vant l'Ambassa<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> France


, • 9<br />

, pour proteIta' contre les 3 expulsions au Gabon (AFP 1012.87).<br />

PLUSIEURS FILMS DE Yn.MAZ GUNBY pr6scnt6s au Festival <strong>de</strong>s 3 Continents, consacr6 à un panorama du<br />

cin6ma turC. (Presse-oc6an 30.12.87).<br />

FETE AU PALAIS KASR I KANCO, à l'occasion <strong>de</strong> la lib6ration <strong>de</strong> Ahm<strong>et</strong> TUrk, 61u d6put6 du Parti Social<br />

Populiste (SHP) à Diyarbakir (Mi1liy<strong>et</strong> 3.12.87).<br />

LE PKK A ENLEVE encore 30 enfants à Silopi <strong>et</strong> Midyat (TercUman 2.12.87).<br />

DANS DES REGIONS SENSIBLES, <strong>de</strong>s h6lico~res Puma lou6s à la France sont utilis6s contre le PKK (Milliy<strong>et</strong><br />

3.12.87).<br />

LES METHODES DU PKK sont désormais connues, après le succès d'une série d'opérations <strong>de</strong> police (SOz<br />

6.12.87).<br />

DES ARMES POUR TOUT LE MONDE: le gouvernement arme la population au Kurdistan, contre le PKK. Un<br />

gardien <strong>de</strong> la paix tué par la guerilla. (HUrriy<strong>et</strong> 6.12.87).<br />

MANQUE D'INSTITIJTEURS : si le chef d'Etat-Major le perm<strong>et</strong>, l'Education Nationale pourra utiliser <strong>de</strong>s soldats<br />

pour combler le manque (TercUman 6.12.87).<br />

1200 Vll.LAGES COUPES DU MONDE en Anatolie orientale, à cause <strong>de</strong>s chutes <strong>de</strong> neige (HUrriy<strong>et</strong> 7.12.87).<br />

UNE SERIE DE LOIS en RFA, concernant l'activit6 <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s, <strong>de</strong>s intégristes <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>urs d'asile originaires<br />

<strong>de</strong> Turquie. 7 TERRORISTES SEPARATISTES tués à Derik. Les opérations continuent. (TercUman 7 <strong>et</strong> 8.12.87,<br />

Milliy<strong>et</strong> 8.12.87).<br />

AVERTISSEMENT A L'IRAN pour son soutien au PKK (MiIliy<strong>et</strong> 10.12.87).<br />

MEMBRES DU PKK EXILES EN AFRIQUE par le Ministre français <strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur (SOz 12.12.87).<br />

56 TURCS PUY ANT les persécutions du gouvernement irakien se sont réfugiés chez le PDK irakien <strong>de</strong> Barzani<br />

(TercUman 10.12.87).<br />

OCCUPATION DE L'AMBASSADE DE FRANCE AUX PAYS-BAS parles Kur<strong>de</strong>s (12.12.87).<br />

DES SOLDATS INSTITUTEURS: la proposition est examinée par le Premier Ministre (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 19.12.87).<br />

AUGMENTATION DE SALAIRE ET SECURITE SOCIALE pour les Protecteurs <strong>de</strong> villages au Kurdistan turc<br />

(HUrriy<strong>et</strong> 12.12.87).<br />

UN MEMBRE DU PKK <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> la protection <strong>de</strong> la police turque (TercUman 21.12.87).<br />

12 Mll.ITANTS DE T H K P-C (organisation révolutionnaire turque), dont une femme, ont été arrêtés à Hatay. Ils<br />

auraient attaqué plusieurs bureaux du Parti gouvernemental ANAP (TercUman, Milliy<strong>et</strong> 23.12.87).<br />

MENACE: vous avez le choix, <strong>de</strong>venir "protecteur <strong>de</strong> village", ou quitter le village. DES VILLAGEOIS<br />

ACCUSES D'APPARTENANCE AU PKK affirment avoir été torturés à Diyarbakir. (Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong> 25.12.87,<br />

Tercüman 26.12.87).<br />

SARI AVNI, célèbre trafiquant d'armes, travaillerait pour le compte du PKK <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'ASALA (Milliy<strong>et</strong> 23.12.87).<br />

AU COURS DE LEUR PROCES, <strong>de</strong>s membres du PKK déchirent leurs vêtements, pour protester contre le port<br />

obligatoire <strong>de</strong> l'uniforme en prison (Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong> 24.12.87).<br />

L'HUMORISTE AZIZ NESIN ET LE DIRECTEUR DE LA REVUE 2000'E OOGRU, PERINCEK, jugés par le


tribunal militaire à Istanbul pour avoir affmné les droits culturels <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s (TercUman 26.12.87).<br />

LA VAGUE DE FROID à l'est ( - 30°) paralyse la vie dans plusieurs villes (TercUman 29.12.87).<br />

RELAXE pour 17 personnes accusées d'appartenance à un parti clan<strong>de</strong>stin(Hürriy<strong>et</strong> 30.12.87).<br />

UN GUIDE FRANCAIS ARRETE EN TURQUIE, sur dénonciation <strong>de</strong> son collègue turc, pour avoir parlé <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Arméniens (50 Millions <strong>de</strong> Consommateurs 12.87).<br />

UN RAPPORT D'ETAT SUR LES TRIBUS KURDES <strong>de</strong> Turquie, concernant plus <strong>de</strong> 2 millions <strong>de</strong> personnes<br />

vivant dans 23 villes <strong>de</strong> l'est <strong>et</strong> du sud-est. Elles sont classées en 4 catégories, suivant leur "loyalisme" à l'égard du<br />

gouvernement Top secr<strong>et</strong> Les autorités <strong>de</strong> la République encouragent les divisions entre tribus, pour consoli<strong>de</strong>r leur<br />

puissance. EXTRAIT DES MEMOIRES <strong>de</strong> Nasit Hakki, journaliste ayant couvert la révolte <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> Sheikh Saïd,<br />

en 1925. SELON L'ECRIVAIN BILAL AKSOY, le rapport sur les tribus comporte <strong>de</strong> multiples erreurs. (2000'e<br />

Dogru 13.12.87).<br />

10<br />

LE TRIBUNAL MILITAIRE FAIT SAISIR 2000'e DOGRU, après la publication du rapport secr<strong>et</strong> sur les tribus.<br />

PLUSIEURS PERSONNALITES PROTESTENT contre la saisie <strong>de</strong> la revue. ISMAIL BESIKCI : "Il existe <strong>de</strong><br />

gran<strong>de</strong>s inégalités en Turquie en ce qui concerne l'exercice du droit <strong>de</strong> citoyenn<strong>et</strong>é. Certains ont le droit <strong>de</strong> parler <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s, d'autres sont condamnés pour avoir prononcé leur nom". LA PASSION DE LA VERITE: c'est elle qui a<br />

poussé à publier ce rapport que le gouvernement voulait gar<strong>de</strong>r secr<strong>et</strong> (2000'e Dogru 20.12.87).<br />

UNE INTERVIEW DE JELAL TALABANI. Il déclare notamment que les Etats-Unis recherchent la sympathie <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s. A HAKKARI, LES TRIBUS SONT CONTRE LE PKK. (Nokta 6.12.87).<br />

LE METIER DE PROTECTEUR DE VILLAGE est <strong>de</strong>venu un cauchemar. Plusieurs villageois ont dû quitter leur<br />

village pour avoir refusé ce métier. LA TORTURE CONTINUE. La Turquie n'a pas signé la convention européenne<br />

contre la torture. Les tortionnaires ont été libérés. L'ECRIVAIN ANGLAIS, CLARA FRANCIS, se fait<br />

emprisonner volontairement, afin diobtenir la libération <strong>de</strong> l'écrivain <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> Recep Marasli, cité comme le "prisonnier<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'année" par Amnesty Iniernati9nal en 1986. LES BASES MILITAIRES EN TURQUIE font l'obj<strong>et</strong> d'un rapport<br />

<strong>de</strong>stiné au Congrès 'américàin. UN ENTREPRENEUR TURC <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> la réduction <strong>de</strong>s dépenses militaires. (Yeni<br />

Gün<strong>de</strong>m 29.11.87) .. '<br />

LE SUCCES AUX ELECTIONS DU PARTI RELIGIEUX, à Diyarbakir. (Yeni Gün<strong>de</strong>m 13.12.87).<br />

UNE DECLARATION DU LEADER DU PDK, MASOUD BARZANI, au journal Keyhan: "Depuis le début <strong>de</strong><br />

l'année, nous avons fait prisonniers 1527 militaires irakiens, nous en avons tué 3424 <strong>et</strong> blessé 3832". (Keyhan<br />

12.12.87). ..<br />

ARTICLE SUR LA REVOLTE DE SHEIKH SAID contre Atatürk (El Hilal el Diweli 1.10.87).<br />

UNE ~VIEW DE JELAL. TALABANI au journal Keyhan sur ses relations avec la République Islamique d'Iran<br />

(Keyhan 12.12.87).<br />

LES RELATIONS DE BARzAN! AVEC ISRAEL (El Nehar 9.11.87).


, •


I<br />

•<br />

l ,<br />

S<br />

LE MONDE LIBERTAIRE 17.09.1987<br />

En marge <strong>de</strong> la guerre du Golfe<br />

ion <strong>de</strong>scend les routes <strong>et</strong> pistes<br />

poussiéreuses vers le Sud-Est <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Turquie, à travers ce paysage montagnard,<br />

dénudé, jaune, gris, viol<strong>et</strong>, c'est<br />

d'abord l'ambiance qui frappe. Un voile <strong>de</strong><br />

silence. Un mon<strong>de</strong> autre, où nous faisons<br />

ligure <strong>de</strong> martiens. Mon<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> misère prolon<strong>de</strong><br />

au premier regard, représenté par les<br />

innombrables enfants en loques, croulant<br />

sous <strong>de</strong>s charges trop lour<strong>de</strong>s; par les femmes<br />

<strong>et</strong> veillards mendiant dans les rues, les<br />

habitations réduites à <strong>de</strong> minuscules chaumières<br />

en argile <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s lépreux, assis contre<br />

les murs, qui montrent leurs mains sans<br />

doigts <strong>et</strong> leur visage sans nez.<br />

Mals, il y a également ces images d'une<br />

beauté pure <strong>de</strong> vie simple, où l'homme semble<br />

encore vivre en harmonie avec la nature.<br />

Comme ces tentes noma<strong>de</strong>s, noires <strong>et</strong> blanches,<br />

se blottissant dans la steppe jaune.<br />

Les troupeaux <strong>de</strong> moutons, noirs <strong>et</strong> marrons,<br />

avec leurs jeunes bergers. Les gestes d'une<br />

hospitalité délicate. Les forteresses <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

d'Ishakpasa Sary ou <strong>de</strong> Güzelsu (Hosap),<br />

chAteaux <strong>de</strong> contes <strong>de</strong> fées solitaires au clair<br />

<strong>de</strong> lune. Les femmes <strong>et</strong> filles en train <strong>de</strong> tisser<br />

leurs rêves dans les tapis kilim : arbres<br />

<strong>de</strong> la vie, personnaqes, maisons, oiseaux,<br />

étoiles <strong>et</strong> fleurs. Mais, cela nous ramène vite<br />

à la réalité, car <strong>de</strong>rrière ce travail artisanal<br />

poétique se cachent exploitation <strong>et</strong> travail<br />

enfantin ...<br />

Les. Turcs <strong>de</strong>s montagne:; ..<br />

I Officiellement, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s s'appellent<br />

. • iures <strong>de</strong>s Montagnes -. Le terme. Kurdistan<br />

- est proscrit, la langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est interdite.<br />

Elle est pourtant pratiquée partout, du<br />

légendaire Mont Ararat (5 156 mètres) à la<br />

Irontière iranienne, jUllqu'aux sources <strong>de</strong><br />

l'Euphrate <strong>et</strong> du Tigre, <strong>et</strong> au-<strong>de</strong>là <strong>de</strong>s frontières<br />

irakiennes <strong>et</strong> syriennes. Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s ont<br />

la malchance d'être dispersés dans cinq<br />

pays différents: U.R.S.S .. Iran, Irak, Syrie <strong>et</strong><br />

8 millions en Turquie, dans une situation<br />

géographique qui les place en plein milieu<br />

d'un réseau d'intérêts internationaux. Deux<br />

<strong>de</strong> leurs colonisateurs, l'Iran <strong>et</strong> l'Irak se<br />

déchirent dans la guerre. Résultat <strong>de</strong> celle<br />

situation incommo<strong>de</strong>: les <strong>de</strong>ux-tiers du contingent<br />

militaire turc (contingent d'environ<br />

850 000 hommes) sont aujourd'hui installés<br />

en Kurdistan.<br />

On se heurte à <strong>de</strong>s postes <strong>et</strong> à <strong>de</strong>s contrôles<br />

militaires partout. La plupart <strong>de</strong>s<br />

~ manœuvres d'hiver. se passent ici. Les<br />

troupes <strong>de</strong> l'O.T.A.N. s'y entrainent. Au sein<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'O.T.A.N., on est prêt à accélérer la<br />

• pacification du prob/éme <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>.. La Turquie,<br />

avec le soutien <strong>de</strong>s Etats-Unis <strong>et</strong> certains<br />

pays membres <strong>de</strong> l'O.T.A.N. (R.F.A. en<br />

tête) se préparent à une intervention au Nord<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Irak, dans le cas d'une éventuelie victoire<br />

<strong>de</strong> i""-nienne. Sous prétexte <strong>de</strong> revendications<br />

historiques, on parle ouvertement<br />

d'une occupation <strong>de</strong> Mossul <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> Merkürk.<br />

Déjà en mars, les bombardiers turcs attaquaient<br />

<strong>de</strong>s villages <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s en Irak, ce qui a<br />

été fêté comme un acte patriotique ...<br />

Le contrôle social<br />

Aux pressions militaires s'ajoutent <strong>de</strong>s<br />

mesures sociales <strong>et</strong> économiques oppressantes.<br />

Entre autres, la déportation <strong>de</strong> villages<br />

entiers <strong>de</strong>s. palus chauds., comme<br />

dans la région <strong>de</strong> Tuneeh, où on proj<strong>et</strong>te la<br />

déportation <strong>de</strong> 356 à 435 villages vers le<br />

Sud-Est. D'autres villages, suspects d'être<br />

infiltrés par la guérilla, ont déjà été vidés <strong>de</strong>leur<br />

population <strong>et</strong> démolis par bulldozer (stratégie<br />

équivalente <strong>de</strong> celle rencontrée il y a<br />

quatre ans au Guatémala). La population est<br />

en train d'être fichée par la police <strong>et</strong> la gendarmerie,<br />

en quatre catégories: blanc,<br />

citoyen loyal; bleu, indifférent; jaune,<br />

sympathisant présumé du P.K.K. (Parti <strong>de</strong>s<br />

travailleurs <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, noyau le plus dur <strong>de</strong> la<br />

guérilla); rouge, militant. Etre classé<br />

refus d'un passeport <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la licence <strong>de</strong> commerce.<br />

•<br />

Il Ya eu, ces <strong>de</strong>rnières années, <strong>de</strong>s prOCès<br />

r<strong>et</strong>entissants contre <strong>de</strong>s organisations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s,<br />

contre les éditeurs d'un journal... On<br />

estime qu'il y a 3 000 prisonniers politiques<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s dans la prison militaire <strong>de</strong> Dijarbakir,<br />

près du Tigre. Les conditions <strong>de</strong> détention y<br />

sont terribles bien que relativement. assouplies.<br />

ces <strong>de</strong>rniers temps, semble-toil du fait<br />

que la Turquie souhaite montrer un visage<br />

démocratique afin <strong>de</strong> participer à la C.E.E. ;<br />

les tortures s'achevant par <strong>de</strong>s. suici<strong>de</strong>s -<br />

faisanl tout <strong>de</strong> même trop mauvais eff<strong>et</strong>. Il<br />

reste que l'énorme présence militaire est<br />

bien une formè <strong>de</strong> terreur visant à empècher<br />

la population <strong>de</strong> se révolter contre l'état <strong>de</strong><br />

sous-développement dans lequel est maintenue<br />

toute la région ..•<br />

DAGMAR<br />

LE DAUPHINE LIBERE 24.09.1987<br />

LYON MATIN 29.09.1987<br />

Marc Fraysse contre<br />

les autorités turques<br />

Il juge « inacceptable» la détention<br />

d'un gui<strong>de</strong> français accusé <strong>de</strong><br />

« sympathies pour les arméniens »<br />

L<br />

'ARRESTATION <strong>et</strong> I. d'tention d'un gui<strong>de</strong> fr.nçei. p.r le.<br />

eutorit'. Turque•• provoqu' le co"r. du Con.elller R'glonel<br />

<strong>et</strong> Con.eill.r Municipel <strong>de</strong> Okine., M.rc Fr.y .... Emprl.onn'<br />

d.pui. I. t8 Juin, Michel Car.minot • 't' .ccu.' p.r un <strong>de</strong> .e.<br />

c coll'gu •• » turc. d'avoir c <strong>de</strong>•• ympathie. pour le. Arm'nien.»<br />

eprA. que tout le. <strong>de</strong>ux eurent eccomp.gn' un groupe <strong>de</strong> touri.t ••<br />

françei. <strong>de</strong>n. I. r'gion du KlWli.t.n. Michel C.r.minot • 't' Inculp'<br />

d. c prop.g.n<strong>de</strong> vi•• nt ....,.iblir le. .entim.nt. n.tion.ux» .t<br />

risque d. cinq' dix .n. <strong>de</strong> prison.<br />

SitOt mis .u cour. nt d. c.tt •• ffaire, M.rc Fr.ysse •• dre•• ' un.<br />

l<strong>et</strong>tre .u ministre d.s droits d. "homme CI.ud. M.lhur<strong>et</strong> pour que<br />

c.lui-ci .t r.n •• mbl. du gouv.rnement int.rvi.nn.nt If Pour<br />

d~"nd,. IN in~"" d. no". concitoyen victim. je rNpMe d. I.<br />

bUrN_tie judlcl.;,. .t qllfll. vlrlt~ .oit (.ite .t I. ju.tictl ,.ndu •<br />

• iMI que l'honn.ur I Michel C.r.minot JI. L. Conseill.r R'gionlll<br />

RPR •• tim. en eff<strong>et</strong> If ltJM:ctlpt.ble qu'une pe,.onn. d. quelqu.<br />

".tion.litI qu'ell• .mr..1 fortior/ lo,.qu'."e e.t.n miuion pro".-<br />

trion"." •• oIt Incu/~ pour d41itd'opinion JI.<br />

M.rc Fr.ysse •• t d'. ut. nt plus mécontent <strong>de</strong> la déci.ion d.s<br />

.utorit's Turqu•• , que c. pays • offici.llement <strong>de</strong>mand' son<br />

int'gr.tion d.n. I. communaut' Europé.nne. If C'•• t I".dmi •• ibl.<br />

que c. p.~ n. rNPecte ".. I•• U•• II•• fond.m.nt.ux env.,. I••<br />

~"'nlle,. <strong>de</strong> ". ••• 11•. Un p.upl. qui .e dit lib,. doit ,..ptlCt.r I••<br />

dlff4,.nctl., .urtout d•• diff~f'fInce. <strong>de</strong>/.nll.II •. O'.ut.nt que d.".<br />

le- c•• prfi:i., le lI~oc/dtI Arm4nien, il y • <strong>de</strong>. pr.llV•• hi.tor/qu ••.<br />

'r/I.'.utqllfl le Tu",u,. Pf'fInn•••• ,..pon."'''it~. f.cel l'hl.toire JI.<br />

Outre le m.ss.ge qu'il •• dressé • Clau<strong>de</strong> Malhur<strong>et</strong>. Marc Fraysse<br />

.'eng.g •• If .outenlr toute. le•• ction. qui p.rm<strong>et</strong>tront .e libér<strong>et</strong>lon<br />

eu nom du COtIur<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> I. r.i.on »<br />

, .1<br />

NationalismtJ<br />

I.t.mbul, - L'/"Iebdomadaire<br />

turc e 2000 Dogru. (ver. l'an<br />

2000) a été confilqué pour avoir<br />

cité lei pallagel d'un discourl<br />

du e père <strong>de</strong> la Turquie<br />

PARLEMENT EUROPEEN<br />

octobre 1987<br />

INCARCERATION D'UN JEUNE GUIDE TOURISTIQUE<br />

FRANCAIS EN TURQUIE<br />

(DOC. 82-1031/87)<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rne. Kemal Ataturk, hivor.ble<br />

• un statut d'autonomie<br />

pour lei Kur<strong>de</strong>i. Toul lei exemplalrel<br />

dé Ul revue ont été lailil,<br />

lei jugea eatimant que l'article<br />

e affaibli liait lei aentimenta<br />

nationaux •.<br />

C'est par 100 voix contre 66 <strong>et</strong> 23 abstentions que le<br />

Parlement a adoptê la rholutiùn du groupe communiste,<br />

s'élevant contre les traitements infligh ä Michel<br />

£ARAMINOT, jeune gui<strong>de</strong> touristique français, accusê sans<br />

'preuve d'avoir fait <strong>de</strong> la propagan<strong>de</strong> pro-armênienne <strong>et</strong><br />

pro-<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>et</strong> emprisonnf en Turquie pour ce motif du 18<br />

juin au 5 octobre 1987, sans aucun jugement.<br />

Le proc~s, maintes fois reportê, a enfin commencê le 5<br />

octobre <strong>de</strong>rnier. Si Michel CARAMINOT a êtê mis en libertê<br />

provi soi re, il n'est toujours pas autori sê à quitter la<br />

.Turquie avant le verdict. Le Parlement <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> aux<br />

ministres <strong>de</strong>s Affaires êtrangires d'intervenir aupr~s <strong>de</strong>s<br />

autorith turques afin qu'elles m<strong>et</strong>tent fin à c<strong>et</strong>te assignation<br />

à rêsi<strong>de</strong>nce.<br />

1


~LA<br />

octobre 1987<br />

LETTRE DU GDM<br />

GROUPEMENT<br />

POUR LES DROITS DES MINORITES<br />

DROITS DE L' HOHHE ET HINORITAIRES CHRETIENS EN TURQUIE<br />

La récente résolution reconnaissant'<br />

le "génoci<strong>de</strong> arménien" (1) dans l'Empire<br />

ottoman finissant, adoptée par l'Assemblée<br />

européenne à Strasbourg, porte sur<br />

un passé déjà lointain mais a aussi le<br />

mérite <strong>de</strong> rem<strong>et</strong>tre en lumière la situation<br />

<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>rniers chrétiens autochtones<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Turquie en 1987.<br />

Curieusement, dans ce pays qui <strong>de</strong>puis<br />

Ataturk se veut laique à tout prix<br />

<strong>et</strong> qui est aujourd'hui une démocratie<br />

parlementaire <strong>de</strong> plus en plus comme les<br />

autres, membre du Conseil <strong>de</strong> l'Europe <strong>et</strong><br />

du Pacte atlantique, associée au Marché<br />

commun, <strong>et</strong>c., le statut actuel <strong>de</strong>s chrétiens<br />

turcs - environ 150 000 personnes<br />

<strong>de</strong> diverses' communautés orthodoxes ou<br />

catholiques - n'est pas satisfaisant au<br />

regard <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme, ou du<br />

moins <strong>de</strong> la conception qu'on a <strong>de</strong><br />

ceux-ci dans les nations alliées ou<br />

amies. d'Ankara.<br />

Passons sur Istamboul, "vitrine <strong>de</strong><br />

la tolérance turco-islamique", où les<br />

chrétiens ont leurs églises,' leurs<br />

écoles, leurs .cercles <strong>et</strong> mènent une'vie<br />

.à peu près normale, encore qu'il leur<br />

soit pratiquement impossible <strong>de</strong> transférer<br />

une église d'un quartier à l'autre;<br />

qu'il se trouve toujours <strong>de</strong>s musulmans<br />

maximalistes pour protester haut <strong>et</strong> fort<br />

lorsque le patriarcat orthodoxe oecuménique,<br />

héritier <strong>de</strong> Byzance, fait réparer<br />

89n siège; que tout .enfant arménien<br />

doive prouver que ses quatre grandsparents<br />

sont 100 \ arméniens pour pouvoir<br />

être inscrit dans une école <strong>de</strong> sa<br />

communauté, <strong>et</strong>c.<br />

C'est peu <strong>et</strong> c'est beaucoup pour <strong>de</strong>s<br />

groupes <strong>et</strong>hniques très minoritaires <strong>et</strong>'<br />

psychologiquement fragilisés par l'histoire.<br />

Pour eux, <strong>et</strong> c'est légitime,<br />

l'éducation enfantine, socle <strong>de</strong> l'i<strong>de</strong>n-.<br />

tité culturelle <strong>et</strong> religieuse, est<br />

menac~e <strong>et</strong> nombre <strong>de</strong> parents émigrent à<br />

çontrecoeur <strong>de</strong> leur terre natale.<br />

Il y a plus grave: à Ankara, la<br />

capitale <strong>de</strong> la république turque, qui<br />

fut, au début <strong>de</strong> ce siècle encore, une<br />

cité provinciale chrétienne très ..vivante,<br />

le gouvernement, <strong>de</strong>puis les<br />

<strong>de</strong>structions <strong>de</strong>s années troublées <strong>de</strong> la<br />

chute <strong>de</strong>s Ottomans, n'a toujours pas.<br />

autorisé la construction <strong>de</strong> la moindre'<br />

,.chapelle pour les milliers <strong>de</strong> chrétiens<br />

'ankariotes, en majorité <strong>de</strong>s Arméniens'<br />

linguistiquement turquisés <strong>de</strong>puis plUsieurs<br />

siècles, Résultat: <strong>de</strong>ux ou trois<br />

ambassa<strong>de</strong>s, comme celle <strong>de</strong> France, ont<br />

dù ouvrir en territoire diplomatique;<br />

avec <strong>de</strong>s chapelains ayant statut <strong>de</strong> diplomate,<br />

<strong>de</strong>s p<strong>et</strong>ites salles <strong>de</strong> culte'<br />

pOur les chrétiens locaux ... Imaginons<br />

simplement un'instant qu'il soit inter-'<br />

dit d'avoir <strong>de</strong>s .osquées à Paria <strong>et</strong> que<br />

certaines ambassa<strong>de</strong>s d'Etats islamiques<br />

soient contraintes d'ouvrir <strong>de</strong>s salles'<br />

<strong>de</strong> prière pOUr les Françaia .usulmans ....<br />

Il s'en parlerait! Et avec raison.<br />

Eqlises en "territoire ennnemi"<br />

Les Chapelles d'ambassa<strong>de</strong> sont surveillées<br />

par la police turque, notamment<br />

lors <strong>de</strong>s pério<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> tension - nombreuses<br />

- entre <strong>Paris</strong> <strong>et</strong> Ankara. Ce qui<br />

a alors pour eff<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> rendre suspect<br />

tout Turc qui va prier en "territoire<br />

ennemi" ...<br />

Et il n'est guère réjouissant non<br />

plus <strong>de</strong> trouver en plein centre<br />

d'Ankara, dans <strong>de</strong>s librairies islamistes,<br />

<strong>de</strong>s ouvrages ou <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>ssins<br />

produits en Turquie, dénigrant, pour ne<br />

pas dire plus, le christianisme <strong>et</strong> ses<br />

a<strong>de</strong>ptes (voir "Le Mon<strong>de</strong>" <strong>de</strong>s 27 <strong>et</strong> 28'<br />

mai 1986 <strong>et</strong> du 16 août 1986).<br />

Ce n'est pas tout: dans l'est <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Turquie, notamment dans les régions<br />

arabophones <strong>de</strong>s confins syra-turcs, où<br />

vivent <strong>de</strong>puis un temps immémorial <strong>de</strong>s<br />

chrétiens, ceux-ci sont très loin <strong>de</strong><br />

jouir en fait <strong>de</strong>s mêmes droits que leurs<br />

compatriotes musulmans.<br />

A Antioche, là même où historiquement<br />

a. été'forgé. le mot <strong>de</strong> "chrétien",<br />

les catholiques .ont eu leur chapelle<br />

prise <strong>de</strong>ux fois en quarante ans par<br />

l'administration locale, sous <strong>de</strong>s prétextes<br />

d'"utilité publique" qui ne:<br />

trompent personne. Aujourd'hui, ils<br />

assistent à l'office dans la maison d'un<br />

prêtre italien turcophone qui ne compte'<br />

plus les tracasseries administratives'<br />

dont il est l'obj<strong>et</strong>.<br />

A Alexandr<strong>et</strong>te, port proche.<br />

d'Antioche, les chrétiens sont si<br />

craintifs qu'ils n'osent pas arborer <strong>de</strong><br />

croix en pen<strong>de</strong>ntif où même dans leur<br />

salle <strong>de</strong> séjour, "<strong>de</strong> peur <strong>de</strong> créer <strong>de</strong>s'<br />

inci<strong>de</strong>nts", Dans plusieurs bourgs, cer-<br />

.tains fonctionnaires locaux refusent<br />

l'enregistrement <strong>de</strong> prénoms trop typiquement<br />

chrétiens choisis pour les<br />

nouveaux-nés.<br />

Les paysans syriaques<br />

La . situation est encore plus critique<br />

pour les syriaques orthodoxes<br />

arabophones <strong>de</strong> la région <strong>de</strong> Mardine <strong>et</strong><br />

du Tour-Abdine, antique fief chrétien.<br />

Là, <strong>de</strong>s musulmans, <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>et</strong> turcs, se<br />

m<strong>et</strong>tent parfois d'accord pour effrayer<br />

<strong>de</strong>s paysans chrétiens en allant jusqu'à<br />

enlever leurs filles, afin qu'ils<br />

émigrent, abandonnant ainsi leurs<br />

terres. A tout le moins, ces fellahs<br />

généralement très humbles, sont rançon:<br />

nés par <strong>de</strong>s "irréguliers musulmans".<br />

Personne ne prend jamais la défense <strong>de</strong><br />

ces chrétiens oubliés, même si l'administration,<br />

à Ankara, proclame qu'ils<br />

sont <strong>de</strong>s citoyens à part entière. Sur le<br />

papier, en eff<strong>et</strong> ...<br />

s'il est difficile d'obtenir <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Turquie qu'elle règle rapi<strong>de</strong>ment les<br />

considérables questions culturelles <strong>et</strong><br />

politiques posées par l'existence <strong>de</strong><br />

fortes<br />

minorités ...lIIl1,5u,~.lIanes ...<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s..cl}<br />

alévites, en revanche il suffirait d'ûn'<br />

peu <strong>de</strong> bonne volonté manifestée par le<br />

gouvernement central d'Ankara pour que<br />

les <strong>de</strong>rniers chrétiens turcs soient<br />

réellement bénéficiaires <strong>de</strong> la laicité<br />

officielle <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la non-discrimination<br />

religieuse proclamée.<br />

C'est là où les partenaires occi<strong>de</strong>ntaux<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Turquie ont un rôle à<br />

jouer avec ferm<strong>et</strong>é sur les principes <strong>et</strong><br />

douceur dans la manière. Ce serait<br />

d'ailleurs tout bénéfice moral pour les.<br />

Turcs que leurs compatriotes chrétiens<br />

soient enfin traités comme <strong>de</strong>s citoyens.<br />

<strong>de</strong> plein exercice.<br />

Jean-Pierre<br />

PERONCEL-HUGOZ'<br />

(I) Reconnaissance tardive mais accompagnée<br />

d'une exigence politique bien mal'<br />

inspirée à l'égard <strong>de</strong> l'Etat turc actuel<br />

qui n'est en rien responsable <strong>de</strong>s.massacres<br />

<strong>et</strong> excés <strong>de</strong> 1. périO<strong>de</strong> 1894-1920 :<br />

Ankara ne pourra étre admis à part<br />

entiére dans la Communauté économique<br />

européenne que s'il "reconnait" lui-méme<br />

le g~noci<strong>de</strong> arménien:.. Exigence qui<br />

risque surtout <strong>de</strong> braquer les Turcs <strong>et</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> les éloigner <strong>de</strong> l'Occi<strong>de</strong>nt. Le prési<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Evren menace déjà <strong>de</strong> reconsidérer<br />

l'appartenance <strong>de</strong> son pay. à l'Alliance<br />

atlantique ...<br />

(') Rédacteur au service étranger du<br />

"Hon<strong>de</strong>" <strong>et</strong> auteur <strong>de</strong> plusieurs ouvrages<br />

traitant <strong>de</strong> la situation <strong>de</strong>s chrétiens<br />

d'Orient, notamment "Le Ra<strong>de</strong>au <strong>de</strong><br />

Hahom<strong>et</strong>" (Champs, Flammarion) <strong>et</strong> "Une<br />

Croix sur le Liban" (Folio-Actuel,<br />

Gallimard) .<br />

'2


t<br />

•<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE 03.10.1987<br />

Iran-Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Destruction <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux bases Militaires iraniennes par les <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s irani~ns,<br />

selon le PDKI<br />

PARIS, 3 oct (AFP) - Cent vinGt neuf .embres <strong>de</strong>s forces Gouverne.entales<br />

iraniennes ont tt. tuts â la suite <strong>de</strong>s attaQues lanctes par les combattanls du<br />

Parti dt.ocratiQue du Kurdi stan iranien {PDKI ,'"aulonomi ste, inleh:u t.i I...QfII..r'.~<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux bases militaires dans le nord-ouest <strong>de</strong> l'Iran, a annonct samedi un<br />

co.muniQut du bureau du PDKI â <strong>Paris</strong>.<br />

Les "pech.eraa" du PDKI ont attaQut <strong>et</strong> d.truil les 28 <strong>et</strong> 29 seplembre<br />

respeclivement une iMPortante base .ilitaire situ.e â 12 k. <strong>de</strong> Boukan (environ<br />

80 k. <strong>de</strong> la fronli.re irakienne) <strong>et</strong> une base iranienne situ.e pr.s <strong>de</strong> la ville<br />

fronlali.re <strong>de</strong> Sardachl, indiQue le co.muniQu ••<br />

Les aulonomisles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s onl caplurt, en oulre, 13 Ilililaires el saisi une<br />

Gran<strong>de</strong> Quantilt d'arlles, ajoule le cOMlluniQut, prtcisant Que du côtt du PDKI,<br />

5 cOMbaltants onl ttt luts <strong>et</strong> 2 aulres blessts.<br />

LA NOUVELLE DEPECHE DU CENTRE OUEST<br />

L'Irak en guerre • • un<br />

Jean-François Oanneels, un<br />

ingénieur blésais. a effeclué<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux séjours en Irak pour le<br />

comple <strong>de</strong> la S.O.G.R.E.A.H.,<br />

une soclélé lea<strong>de</strong>r mondial <strong>de</strong><br />

l'irrigation el <strong>de</strong>s barrages hydrauliques.<br />

Des déplacemenls qui l'ont<br />

conduit vers une région passablement<br />

agitée, le Kll[ljlstan,<br />

d'aoOI 1984 à avril 1981!",puis<br />

<strong>de</strong> mal Il septembre 1987 :<br />

• Ce que j'ai surtout vu, c'est<br />

le Ilarcé/ement <strong>de</strong> /s psrt <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Pesllmergs (<strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s ayanr<br />

pris les armes pour tenter d'srracller<br />

Jeur autonomie). On dit<br />

qu'l/s sont plus ou moins soutenus<br />

psr /'/rsn. I/s entr<strong>et</strong>iennent<br />

une vrs/e guérills Il<br />

l'égsrd <strong>de</strong> l'armée régulière<br />

/rsleienne. 1/ s'sg/t surtout <strong>de</strong><br />

coups <strong>de</strong> maIn, d'ssssssinsts<br />

<strong>de</strong> lonctionns/res <strong>et</strong> d'sttentsts<br />

ponctue/s. Msis ce qui<br />

étonne, c'est le fsit que Is vie<br />

cont/nue comme si <strong>de</strong> rien<br />

n'éfsll. A Irleoule,Is guerre est<br />

sbsente. On circule norms/ement.<br />

Seuls, quelques mIssI/es<br />

sont tombés en 1985. Per<br />

contre, II Bagdsd, plus élo/-<br />

gnée <strong>de</strong> Is front/ere Irsnlenne,<br />

1/ pleut <strong>de</strong>s mIssi/es bien plus<br />

souvent. Les vitres <strong>de</strong>s Immeubles<br />

admlnlstrst/fs ont llté<br />

scotchlles par précautIOn. On<br />

remarque aussi <strong>de</strong>puIs quelque<br />

temps une plus gran<strong>de</strong> d/ff/culté<br />

pour l'approvisIOnnement<br />

en <strong>de</strong>nrées sI/menta/res,<br />

<strong>et</strong> surtout, une lassitu<strong>de</strong> man/-<br />

feste <strong>de</strong> le populat/on qui voudrall<br />

bien que c<strong>et</strong>te guerre se<br />

termIne. Pourtsnt l'iraI


t<br />

L'HUMANITE 06.10.1987<br />

Michel Caraminot maintenu en rési<strong>de</strong>nce surveillée<br />

OTAGE EN TURQUIE<br />

Le jeune gui<strong>de</strong> français emprisonné <strong>de</strong>puis le 17juin toujours menacé d'une lour<strong>de</strong><br />

condamnation, «Je suis inqui<strong>et</strong> pour ma sécun'té p, déclare-t-il <strong>de</strong>puis Dyarbaldr<br />

MICHEL CARAMINOT, le<br />

jeune gui<strong>de</strong> tourislique fran.<br />

çais emprisonné <strong>de</strong>puis le<br />

17 juin <strong>de</strong>rnier en Turquie, a r<strong>et</strong>rouvé<br />

une semi.liberté, mais sans que soit le.<br />

vée la ridicule <strong>et</strong> scandaleuse a~usation<br />

qui pése sur lui d'avoir « tenté d'aITai.<br />

blir les sentiments nationaux turcs ».<br />

la cour <strong>de</strong> sûr<strong>et</strong>é <strong>de</strong> l'Etat <strong>de</strong> Dyar.<br />

bakir <strong>de</strong>vant laquelle notre compatriote<br />

comparaissait hier a, en eIT<strong>et</strong>, refusé,<br />

une nouvelle fois, <strong>de</strong> statuer sur le fond,<br />

rem<strong>et</strong>tant le jugement au 3 novembre<br />

prochain. Elle a cependant, contraire.<br />

menl il ce qui s'était passé lors <strong>de</strong> l'au.<br />

dience précé<strong>de</strong>nle (le 25 août), accédé il<br />

la <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> mise en liberté provisoire<br />

présenlée par le procureur. Mais Michel<br />

Caraminol n'a pas été autorisé à quitter<br />

.la Turquie <strong>et</strong> y restera en rési<strong>de</strong>nce sur.<br />

veillée en attendant son jugement.<br />

L'épée <strong>de</strong> Damoclés d'une lour<strong>de</strong><br />

condamnation - cinq à quinze ans <strong>de</strong><br />

prison - reste toujours suspendue au:<br />

<strong>de</strong>ssus <strong>de</strong> sa tête. Dés hier soir, il Dyar.<br />

bakir, Michel Caraminot a protesté<br />

contre ce qu'il a estimé être "une<br />

séance <strong>de</strong> Guignol. la preuve


• • Jk ir~nßt 06 •10 .1987<br />

TURQUIE<br />

La presse critique le procès intenté<br />

au gui<strong>de</strong> français Michel Caraminot<br />

Le pro"''''' ,I~ .... ,..~,<br />

Caramlaoa. le CUlae uaoçlllS<br />

accusé par ua collègue turc<br />

d'a,olr flÛt <strong>de</strong> la «propa&>Ul<strong>de</strong><br />

rluat Il .nalbU, lH senti_ts<br />

utiollll"" da_ sa uplleatJolIS<br />

.. l'art armhûeIJ -, a repris Je<br />

J_J 5 octobre <strong>de</strong>vant la Cour<br />

<strong>de</strong> lÛr<strong>et</strong>i <strong>de</strong> J'Etat <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir.<br />

DIYARBAKIR<br />

<strong>de</strong> notre envoyé spécial<br />

La d~tention <strong>et</strong> le procès <strong>de</strong><br />

M. Michel Caraminol. qui esl<br />

menac~ <strong>de</strong> cinq à dix ans <strong>de</strong> prison<br />

(le Mon<strong>de</strong> du 24 septembre). on'<br />

été <strong>de</strong>noncés par certains <strong>de</strong>s edilorialistes<br />

les plus en vue <strong>de</strong> la presse<br />

. turque, unanime à déplorer Ics eff<strong>et</strong>s<br />

•. - ,.~ - ....... 1'; .......... l'l' ... -i .. ' ..<br />

.I. U"tU!C uu rc,,"ours a Oe tCJ1es<br />

mélho<strong>de</strong>s. Le quolidien Hurriyel a<br />

:cllisé sur le • grave plril. dans<br />

lequel les explications artisliques du<br />

jeune gui<strong>de</strong> ou ses conseils d'hygiène<br />

alimentaire auraient. placl un ElOI<br />

<strong>de</strong> cinquanle millions d'habltanls "<br />

avanl <strong>de</strong> se <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r au nom <strong>de</strong><br />

quoi les tourisles 'rançais seraienl<br />

lenus d'entr<strong>et</strong>enir vis-à-vis <strong>de</strong> l'Elat<br />

turc<br />

<strong>de</strong>s • senlim~nlSpatriotiques.<br />

":ibles d'lire • affaiblis" par<br />

.• 'P""f{,S. Le plus célèbre <strong>de</strong>s<br />

édlturialisles, Nehm<strong>et</strong> Ali Birand,<br />

du quotidien Mil/iy<strong>et</strong>, voit dans<br />

l'affaire Caraminot une illustration<br />

du • sous-diveloppemenl <strong>de</strong>s menlalitts<br />

en matière <strong>de</strong> dlmocratie ",<br />

incompatible avec les <strong>de</strong>marches<br />

entamées en vue <strong>de</strong> l'adbésion àla<br />

CEE.<br />

A~ence~France Presse; 07.10.1987<br />

1" ....... t..,. ...• ,..r .... ,",':"".".,..t,..'"<br />

J'allaITe ,lluStre la nécessllt d'abandonner<br />

l'idée d'une • Ihèse nationoie.<br />

unique, seule inlerpr~talion<br />

admise <strong>de</strong> l'hisloire. La queslion esl<br />

à l'ordre du jour <strong>de</strong>puis le procès<br />

inlenl~ celle ann~e, pour infraclion<br />

au meme arlicle que Michel Caraminol,<br />

à l'~iteur <strong>de</strong> la traduclion<br />

lurque <strong>de</strong> l'Encyclopaedia britannica,<br />

coupable d'avoir ecrit qu'une<br />

ville du Sud-Est analolien (Adiyaman)<br />

avait ~t~, au Moyen Age,<br />

• sous la suzrraln,,1 d'un prinu<br />

armInien.. Un non-lieu a eie pronond,<br />

mais. u ,,'esl pas aux Iribunaux<br />

d'Icrire l'histoire ", observe le<br />

direc~ur <strong>de</strong> l'hebdomadaire Yeni<br />

Oun<strong>de</strong>m, pour qui la diversil~ tant<br />

passée que présenle <strong>de</strong>s cullures<br />

minorilaires du pays (lQtaIes, Iziganes,<br />

chr~tiennes, israéllle, alévi -<br />

une seCle <strong>de</strong> l'islam chiile - el~.)<br />

constilue une richesse à préserver.<br />

urQuie-Kur<strong>de</strong>s lead<br />

Six morts lors d'un accrochaGe entre Gendarmes <strong>et</strong> rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

r'" .' .-1 .... journa-<br />

IIsles ren


Jre l11ona,e<br />

Turquie<br />

Onze personnes tuées<br />

par <strong>de</strong>s rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

13.10.1987<br />

Onze personnes ont été tuées <strong>et</strong><br />

neuf autre blessées. samedi 10 octobre.<br />

dans un village <strong>de</strong> la province <strong>de</strong><br />

Siirt (sud-est <strong>de</strong> la Turquie). à une<br />

quinzaine <strong>de</strong> kilomètres <strong>de</strong> la frontière<br />

irakienne, au cours d'une attaque<br />

lancée par un groupe d'une centaine<br />

<strong>de</strong> rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, a indiqué, le<br />

11 octobre. l'agence turque Anatolie.<br />

Les rebelles qui opèrent dans<br />

c<strong>et</strong>te région appartiennent généralement<br />

au Parti <strong>de</strong>s travailleurs <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

(PKK. marxiste-léniniste). principale<br />

organisation <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en lutte contre le<br />

pouvoir central d'Ankara. Depuis la<br />

reprise <strong>de</strong>s combats. en août 1984.<br />

plus <strong>de</strong> 1000 personnes (civils. militaires.<br />

policiers <strong>et</strong> rebelles), selon un<br />

bilan officiel, ont trouvé la mort lors<br />

dEJSaffrontements. - (AFP,)<br />

15.10.1987<br />

LEMAllN<br />

DE PARIS<br />

14.10.1987<br />

Rome sous le choc après le<br />

rapt <strong>de</strong> trois Italiens en Irak<br />

Un mois à peine après la<br />

décision très débattue <strong>de</strong>.<br />

Rome d'envoyer <strong>de</strong>s unités<br />

navales dans le Golfe, l'enlèvement<br />

<strong>de</strong> trois Italiens en<br />

Irak par un groupe <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

pro-iranien réclamant le départ<br />

<strong>de</strong> la notte italienne a<br />

provoqué un véritable cho'~<br />

politique en Italie,<br />

Hier, dans un communiqué<br />

diffusé par l'agence iranienne<br />

IRNA, reçue à <strong>Paris</strong>, l'Union<br />

patriotique du Kurdistan irakien<br />

(UPK) a confirmé c<strong>et</strong><br />

enlèvement,<br />

« GoJfe, chantage à J'Italie»,<br />

titrait hier le quotidien<br />

Repubblica (gauche) sur toute<br />

sa première page, Mais la<br />

presse accuse aussi le gouvernement<br />

Goria d'avoir caché,<br />

pendant près d'un mois, l'enlèvement<br />

<strong>de</strong>s techniciens alors<br />

même que le débat faisait rage<br />

en Italie sur l'opportunité <strong>de</strong><br />

la mission italienne dans le<br />

Golfe, Il a fallu, relève Re-<br />

pubblica, un communiqué <strong>de</strong>s<br />

ravisseurs, 1'« Umon nationale<br />

du ~di5tan irakien », à<br />

Beyrouth, pour que le triple<br />

enlèvement soit connu en<br />

Italie,<br />

Des divergences apparues<br />

du côté officiel entre la<br />

prési<strong>de</strong>nce du Conseil <strong>et</strong> le<br />

ministère italien <strong>de</strong>s Affaires<br />

étrangères ont encore ajouté à<br />

l'inquiétu<strong>de</strong>, soulevant <strong>de</strong><br />

nouvelles polémiques, Le<br />

prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Conseil Giovanni<br />

Goria adm<strong>et</strong>tait tout<br />

d'abord lundi que l'on était<br />

« <strong>de</strong>puis cinq jours»<br />

Selon le ministère <strong>de</strong>s.<br />

Affaires étrangères, le premier<br />

Italien, Sergio Cumin<strong>et</strong>ti,<br />

avait été enlevé dans la<br />

région <strong>de</strong> Mossoul à la<br />

mi-septembre, les <strong>de</strong>ux autres,<br />

Giuseppe Carrara <strong>et</strong><br />

Robeno Diotallevi, il y a une<br />

dizaine <strong>de</strong> jours,<br />

.,<br />

•<br />

6<br />

CONFLIT<br />

IRAN-IRAK<br />

L'Italie prise dans les eaux<br />

troubles du Golfe<br />

Après l'enlèvement <strong>de</strong> trois <strong>de</strong> leurs ressortissants au nord <strong>de</strong> l'Irak, les autorités<br />

italiennes se trouvent, malgré el/es, impliquées plus avant dans la guerre du Golfe,<br />

Rome, <strong>de</strong> notre correspondant<br />

O~drJmJll,alion ~I dl>tralégle chOI>I~l'M<br />

les autùnlé .. dam raffalre d~,<br />

trois techniciens IlJlicns cnle.<br />

vés au nord <strong>de</strong> l'Irak par <strong>de</strong>,<br />

militants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s pro-Iranien~.<br />

.//11 'r u


•<br />

~~<br />

17.10.1987<br />

Le gui<strong>de</strong> prend la clef <strong>de</strong>s champs<br />

Arrêté sur les accusations d'un <strong>de</strong> ses confrères turc, un ressortissant français<br />

Michel Caram/not, a profité d'une mise en liberté provisoire pour rejoindre <strong>Paris</strong>.<br />

Michel Caraminot est libre. Arrêté le<br />

17 juin dans la ville d'Urfa (Turquie<br />

orientale) pour propagan<strong>de</strong><br />

pro-<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>et</strong> pro-arménienne (LibérariOl~3<br />

septembre), ila profité d'une<br />

rél.'ente remise en liberté provisoire<br />

[lour s'envoler jeudi aprés-midi vers<br />

<strong>Paris</strong>. Celui-ci a apparemment franchi<br />

la zone-frontière <strong>de</strong> l'aéroport d'Anka.<br />

ra sans problème. L'arrivée à Roissy a<br />

mis fin à un incroyable feuill<strong>et</strong>on judicidire<br />

qui en dit long sur les lour<strong>de</strong>urs<br />

,dnlinistratives turques.<br />

LE SOIR<br />

19.10-"<br />

..... -,<br />

., !<br />

Micbel Caraminot avait été arrêté,<br />

Inculpé <strong>et</strong> emprisonné. sur les seules<br />

accusations d'un gui<strong>de</strong> lurc, Nihat Gui.<br />

dogan, accompagnateur d'un groupe<br />

<strong>de</strong> touristes. De l'avis <strong>de</strong>s touristes<br />

rrançù, ce <strong>de</strong>rnier a ètè empéché par<br />

Michel (araminol d'emmener le<br />

gfllUpe chez les marchands <strong>de</strong> lapis <strong>et</strong><br />

autres souvenirs. Le contentieux enlre<br />

b <strong>de</strong>ux gui<strong>de</strong>s s'est vite envenimé à<br />

L'rra<br />

Plusieurs cas <strong>de</strong> choléra étaient déclarés<br />

dans la ville-étape, <strong>et</strong> N,hat Guldo-<br />

gan n'avait pas respecté les consignes<br />

sanitaires imposées par Michel Caraminot:<br />

il avait fait servir au restaurant<br />

.crudités, yaourts, <strong>et</strong>c... l'altercation<br />

entre les <strong>de</strong>ux gui<strong>de</strong>s fut si sérieuse que<br />

l'on peut trouver là explication aux<br />

gravissimes accusations <strong>de</strong> Nihat Guidogan.<br />

Niant farouchement avoir évoqué<br />

l'histoire récente <strong>de</strong> la Turquie, le gui<strong>de</strong><br />

français a dû toutefois se plier à la<br />

justice turque <strong>et</strong> notamment aux lenteurs<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Cour <strong>de</strong> sûr<strong>et</strong>é <strong>de</strong> l'Etal.<br />

Celle-ci ne se réunit que douze fois par<br />

an. Trois mois ont été nécessaires avant<br />

que ne soit organisé un contre-interrogatoire<br />

<strong>de</strong> Nihat Guldogan.<br />

En oclobre <strong>de</strong>rnier, la commISSIOn<br />

d'experts ne s'était toujours pas prononcl:c<br />

sur It caractère propagandisle<br />

<strong>de</strong>s documents <strong>de</strong> lravail <strong>de</strong> Michel<br />

Caraminol. Plusieurs. membres ciu<br />

groupe <strong>de</strong> voyage avaient accepté <strong>de</strong><br />

r<strong>et</strong>ourner en Turquie pour témoigner<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'innocence d<strong>de</strong>ur gui<strong>de</strong>. Le procureur<br />

lui-même avail <strong>de</strong>mandé sa reml>C<br />

enlibené provisoire «fOUle <strong>de</strong> preuves<br />

exislantes» la cour a satisfait sa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong><br />

... au bout <strong>de</strong> h'lit semaines.<br />

-ntre temps, la presse turque avail.<br />

dénoncé la fragilité <strong>de</strong> l'accusation. A<br />

peille sorti <strong>de</strong> Sd geôle, lejeune Français<br />

a choisi rentré illégalement en France<br />

même si son innocence pouvait êlre<br />

facilement démontrée.<br />

Dominique ~E GUILLEDOUX<br />

Les bureaux parisiens <strong>de</strong> la compagnie<br />

Lufthansa occupés par <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Une vlngtame <strong>de</strong> militants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s ont occupé ce matin les Ollreaux <strong>de</strong> la<br />

aérienne alleman<strong>de</strong> Lufthansa. 21. rue Royale à <strong>Paris</strong>.<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te occupation non violente a été organisée pour protester contre les conditions <strong>de</strong> vie<br />

trés dures qUI leur sont réservées dans leur pays. au Kurdistan. partagé notamment entre<br />

la TurqUie. l'URSS <strong>et</strong> l'Iran.<br />

AGENCE<br />

FRi\NCE<br />

PRESSE<br />

19.10.1987<br />

Iran-Exécution<br />

~xécution <strong>de</strong> six personnes coupables d'actions ar~ées en Iran<br />

PARIS, 19 oct (AFP) - Le Conseil supèrieur <strong>de</strong> la Justice iranien a ordonné<br />

lundi l'exécution <strong>de</strong> six personnes reconnues coupables d'opérations armées<br />

Fontre les forces Gouvernementales dans les réGions <strong>de</strong> l'Azerbaidjan<br />

fnord-ouest) <strong>et</strong> du Kurdistan ~ouest), a annoncé Radio-Téhéran captée ~ <strong>Paris</strong>.<br />

I Selon la radio, r:s six accusés avaient "reÇu un entratnement militaire en<br />

Irak pour mener <strong>de</strong>s actions d~ <strong>de</strong>struction <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> terreur" en Iran.<br />

L'HUMANITE<br />

23.10.1987<br />

Cent dix jours dans les prisons du Kurdistan <strong>de</strong> Turquie<br />

L'HORREUR<br />

I<br />

AU QUOTIDIEN<br />

Lejeune gui<strong>de</strong> français Michel Caraminof témoine :<br />

((A Diyarbaldr,j'ai vu un enfant <strong>de</strong> onze ans détenu avec son père»<br />

GUIDE touristique français ae-.<br />

cusé par les autorités d'Ankara<br />

d'avoir voulu « affaiblir le sentiment<br />

national du peuple turc », trainé<br />

en Cour <strong>de</strong> >ûr<strong>et</strong>é <strong>de</strong> l'Ela~ Michel Carammot<br />

a vécu plus <strong>de</strong> trois mois dans<br />

les [Insons lurque> aVdnt d'étre mis en<br />

Iibené provl>oire<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> quitter la Turquie<br />

"en douce). pour attendre à l'aris le<br />

verdict du procès. Fatigué, amaigri, mais<br />

« soulagé H, Michel Caraminot n-. a:<br />

raconté ses prisons. Parce qu'il veut, par<br />

son témoignage, ai<strong>de</strong>r ses anciens codélenus<br />

qui, là-bas, vivent J'horreur au<br />

quotidien. Et parce qu'il refuse que celte<br />

lamentable affaire soit enterrée aussi<br />

longtemps que son innocence n'aura pas<br />

é1épubliquement reconnue.<br />

Entre le 17 juin el le 5 octobre, Michel<br />

Cardminot 'I connu <strong>de</strong>ux prisons<br />

taules <strong>de</strong>ux en "Turquie onentale';,<br />

dénomination officielle du Kurdistan,<br />

dans un pays oû Ie mOl «we» est<br />

banni du vocabulaire.<br />

Celle d'Urfa, d'abord. «Les condilions<br />

<strong>de</strong> vie, dit.il, y sont lbominables.<br />

En arrivant, déjà, on vous lond. Ça mel<br />

en condition. La prison est infecle <strong>et</strong><br />

décrépile. Il n'y a aucune hygiéne. OIT<br />

était <strong>de</strong>ux cenIS dans le bàtiment avec<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux toil<strong>et</strong>tes. On distribuait un bidon<br />

d'eau <strong>de</strong> temps en temps. Impossible <strong>de</strong>!<br />

se laver. On sonait une heure 10US les<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux jours dans la cour. Toutle reste du<br />

temps, on étail enfermés dans une prison<br />

en plein soleil par 5Qo.Il n'y a pas'<br />

<strong>de</strong> vitres aux fenétres, seulement <strong>de</strong>s<br />

barreaux, Et la prison ne fournit rien,<br />

Das méme une couverture, dans une ré-<br />

~ion oû les hivers sont trés froi\ls. La<br />

nourriture est inrecte : un brou<strong>et</strong> infâme<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s légumes pourris qu'on doit prépa•.<br />

rer soi-même. En douze jours, j'ai perdu<br />

quinze kilos. »<br />

A Urfa, il n'a pas vu <strong>de</strong> cas <strong>de</strong> tor.<br />

lure, bien que le gardien-chef ail récemment<br />

admis <strong>de</strong>vant la presse qu'elle y<br />

élait praliquée. Il a vu par conlre le<br />

cachot: « Un placard oû il est impossi.<br />

ble <strong>de</strong> s'allonger, avec un trou au milieu<br />

pour chier, <strong>et</strong> on peUl y rester un<br />

mOIs. »)<br />

C'est à la prison civile <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir<br />

«une prison trOIs étoiles, comparée à<br />

Urfa H, oû il a ensuIte élé transréré, que<br />

Michel Carammot a rencontré <strong>de</strong>s vic.<br />

times <strong>de</strong> la tonure : une quizaine <strong>de</strong> dé.<br />

lenus amenès <strong>de</strong> la rrison militaire où<br />

sont enrennés le, " ;loilliques H.<br />

« Normalement, c'est là qu'on aurait<br />

dû me m<strong>et</strong>tre, vu ce dont je suis accusé.<br />

Mais je suppose qu'ils n'avaient pas envie<br />

que je sois témoin <strong>de</strong> ce qui s'y<br />

passe. C'est abominable. Pire qu'à Urfa.<br />

Les quinze qui sont venus étaient si affamés<br />

qu'il a fallu les r<strong>et</strong>enir pour les<br />

empêcher <strong>de</strong> se rendre mala<strong>de</strong>s. C'est<br />

sur eux que j'ai vu les marques <strong>de</strong>s .lorlures:<br />

sur les pieds, les mains, le dos. Il<br />

y en a un dont le dos n'était plus un<br />

dos... 115 venaienl tous les quinze. du<br />

même village. On les avait arrêtés parce<br />

qu'ils avaient donné à manger à<br />

quelqu'un qu'on soupçonnait d'appartenir<br />

au PKK !(I). Ils risquaient cinq ans<br />

<strong>de</strong> prison pour ai<strong>de</strong> à la rébellion. »<br />

Cinq ans. e'eslle délai moyen nécessaire<br />

à l'instruction <strong>de</strong>s pracés, pendant<br />

-> 7


..<br />

t<br />

lesquels le prévenu reste en prison, sou'<br />

vent avec une panie <strong>de</strong> sa famille.<br />

« Dans tout l'est <strong>de</strong> la TurlU'ie, explique<br />

Michel Caramino!, on pratique le<br />

système <strong>de</strong> la responsabilité collective.<br />

Si un délit esl commis, on arréte non<br />

.s.culement celui qu'on soupçonne. d'êlr~<br />

coupable, mais toute sa famille <strong>et</strong> parfois<br />

même ~ voisins. Et comme la responsabilité<br />

pénale commence à sept ans<br />

révolus, les prisons sont pleines d'enfants.<br />

A Diyarbakir, il y avait un garçon<br />

<strong>de</strong> onze ans, détenu avec son pére, <strong>et</strong><br />

beaucoup <strong>de</strong> gosses <strong>de</strong> quatone-quinze<br />

'ans. Et en plus, à côté, il y avait la.<br />

prison <strong>de</strong>s femmes <strong>et</strong> celle <strong>de</strong>s enfants. »<br />

Les histoires que raconte Caraminot<br />

sont terribles: celle <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te femme,<br />

mère d'un <strong>de</strong> ses codétenus, emprison:<br />

née plusieurs mois pour obliger ses fils à<br />

se rendre. Celle du procureur civil <strong>de</strong><br />

Diyarbakir, venu visiter la prison avant<br />

sa mutation: une semaine auparavant, il<br />

avait fait arrêter quatre militaires qui.<br />

b<br />

avaient tonurè un vieillard jusqu'à la<br />

mort, <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>.mandé con Ire eux un juge.<br />

(suite)<br />

mènt exemplaire. Désavoué par le mï-'<br />

nistre <strong>de</strong> la Justice. il était remplacé.<br />

Celle, encore, <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong> ancien parlementaire,<br />

Ahmed Turk: « La police avait<br />

trouvé à <strong>de</strong>ux cents mètres <strong>de</strong> chez lui<br />

une casselle vidéo du PKK. On l'a<br />

amené aprés un coun passage à la pri- .<br />

son militaire au cours duquel il a perdu<br />

loules les <strong>de</strong>nts inférieures ... Je l'al vu...<br />

Il était trés abimé physiquement. »<br />

« Je voudrais insisler, dit encore Caramino!,<br />

sur quelque chose que tout le<br />

mon<strong>de</strong> m'a dit là-bas: la situation dans<br />

les prisons, notamment à la prison militaire<br />

<strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir, s'est considérablement<br />

détériorée <strong>de</strong>puis ce qu'on appelle<br />

le ({r<strong>et</strong>our à la démocralie ». Parce que<br />

les organisations internationales ont relâché<br />

leur pression <strong>et</strong> leur surveillance.<br />

On n'en parle plus, <strong>et</strong> c'est trés grave. »<br />

Propos recueillis par<br />

Frar.çoise Germain-Robin<br />

(I) PKK : Pani <strong>de</strong>s travailleu" du Kurdistan,<br />

qui mène la lulle armèe pour l'indèpendance..<br />

r--..... - ----~----.;.-----.----1;1<br />

!.€e1lTonJt,<br />

--------.- .. ------- -- --. --- ._" .. _~ ...J<br />

23.10.1987<br />

, --~,~ ::?,"',-,<br />

" .._.:..-


•<br />

I LE FIGARO 130.10.1987<br />

Israël-Iran<br />

Une gaffe<br />

révélatrice<br />

Les al/usions à }'« amitié»<br />

israélo-iranienne <strong>de</strong> Al, ::Jbin ont été<br />

immédiatement corrigées<strong>et</strong> démenties<br />

en h.f!!!! ';ilP~<br />

JERUSALEM:<br />

Ren' BAUDUC<br />

ft L'Iran est le meilleur ami<br />

d'Israël. » Ces mots attribués au<br />

ministre <strong>de</strong> la Défense, M. Rabin,<br />

<strong>et</strong> publiés en première page par<br />

le journal ft Haar<strong>et</strong>z • ont surpris<br />

les milieux politiques <strong>de</strong> Jérusalem<br />

<strong>et</strong> causé un compréhensible<br />

embarras au ministère <strong>de</strong>s Affaires<br />

étrangères o~ on parlait hier<br />

matin ft d'une gaffe monumentale<br />

II.<br />

Le ministère <strong>de</strong> la Défense<br />

s'est empressé <strong>de</strong> publier une<br />

mise au point m<strong>et</strong>tant en cause<br />

entre autres, l'AFP pour avoir dif~<br />

fusé ft un compte rendu totalement<br />

dépourvu <strong>de</strong> fon<strong>de</strong>ment II.<br />

M. Rabin aurait dit que l'Iran<br />

est aujourd'hui un ennemi<br />

acharné d'Israël. Mais que les<br />

Américains lui avaient toujours<br />

rappelé, lorsqu'il était ambassa<strong>de</strong>ur<br />

d'Israël à Washington, qu'il<br />

• fallait traiter avec l'ennemi si on<br />

voulait résoudre un conflit II.<br />

Sans sous-estimer la haine actuelle<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Iran pour Israël,<br />

M. Rabin aurait donc voulu souligner<br />

le fait que ft pendant vingthuit<br />

ans sur les trente-neuf<br />

d'existence d'Israël, l'Iran svait<br />

été un ami d'Israël», <strong>et</strong> qu'il pouvait<br />

le re<strong>de</strong>venir dès que • la folie<br />

du fondamentalisme chiite serait<br />

révolue II.<br />

Dans l'après-midi d'hier, le directeur<br />

général du ministère <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Affaires étrangères, M. Belin, a,<br />

lui aussi, essayé <strong>de</strong> rem<strong>et</strong>tre les<br />

choses en place en disant qu'Israël<br />

ft n'avait aucun intérêt à voir<br />

continuer la guerre dans le<br />

Golfe II, craignant que c<strong>et</strong>te<br />

g~erre p~i~ renforcer les capa-<br />

Cités militaires <strong>de</strong> ft l'ennemi ancien<br />

(Irak) <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'ennemi nouveau<br />

(Irsn) II. Il a évité, toutefois,<br />

<strong>de</strong> répondre à toute question sur<br />

les rapports actuels existant entre<br />

Israël <strong>et</strong> l'Iran, dont la presse<br />

étrangère parle régulièrement<br />

--- -<br />

ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s négociations entre<br />

l'ancien directeur du ministère<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Affaires étrangères, M. Kimche<br />

(très mêlé à l'irangate) <strong>et</strong> les<br />

dirigeants iraniens au suj<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

l'immigration <strong>de</strong>s juifs d'Iran.<br />

Des relations<br />

historiques<br />

Du point <strong>de</strong> vue historique<br />

l'amitié entre la Perse <strong>et</strong> le peu~<br />

pie juif dépasse largement les relations<br />

mentionnées par<br />

M. Rabin. Le r<strong>et</strong>our <strong>de</strong>s juifs en<br />

Terre Sainte <strong>et</strong> la reconstruction<br />

du temple avaient été, en eff<strong>et</strong><br />

autorisés par Cyrus en 538 avani<br />

Jésus-Christ <strong>et</strong> son fameux édit<br />

est .constam~ent mentionné en<br />

Israel à côté <strong>de</strong> la déclaration<br />

Balfour qui autorisa la création<br />

du « foyer national juif. à la fin<br />

<strong>de</strong> la PremièreGuerre mondiale.<br />

La collaboration entre Israël<br />

<strong>et</strong> le chah fut intense dans tous<br />

les domaines (dont celui <strong>de</strong> l'ai<strong>de</strong><br />

aux rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s contre l'Irak)<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis les annèis 1950.Le ministre<br />

israélien lui-mêmo a rappelé'<br />

qu'en 1973, c'est l'Iran qui fournit<br />

à Israël son pétrole après avoir<br />

permis la construction du pipeline<br />

entre Eilat <strong>et</strong> la Méditerranée<br />

transportant, jusqu'à l'arrivée <strong>de</strong><br />

Khomeiny au pouvoir, le pétrole<br />

iranien vers l'Europe via Israël.<br />

Il est probable que même<br />

après la mise au point du minis-'<br />

tère <strong>de</strong> la Défense, les propos <strong>de</strong><br />

M. Rabin ne seront pas appréciés<br />

en Egypte - où le prési<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Moubarak vient <strong>de</strong> dénoncer les<br />

pays qui continuent à ai<strong>de</strong>r l'Iran<br />

- ni aux Etats-Unis où le rappel<br />

du conseil <strong>de</strong> ft négocier avec<br />

l'ennemi» pourrait être mal interprété.<br />

On pouvait y voir une critique<br />

<strong>de</strong> la politique anti-iranienne<br />

suivie par Washington dans le<br />

Golfe, pour tenter <strong>de</strong> remédier<br />

l'iran-<br />

aux conséquences <strong>de</strong> «<br />

gate» auprès <strong>de</strong>s pays arabes.<br />

R.B.<br />

Yitzhak Rabin: les liens hbloriques avec l'Iran.<br />

(Photugraphlc .\P.)<br />

9


PARLEMENT EUROPEEN<br />

26/30.10.1987 POUR UNE CHARTE EUROPEENNE DES LANGUES REGIONALES<br />

ET MINORITAIRES<br />

t<br />

(Rapport <strong>de</strong> M. Wi lly KUIJPERS (ARC, B), au nom <strong>de</strong> la<br />

commission <strong>de</strong> la jeunesse, <strong>de</strong> la culture, <strong>de</strong> l'éducation,<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'information <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s sports - Doc. A2-150/87)<br />

Le rapport KUIJPERS se prononce pour un enseigne.ent<br />

officiel <strong>de</strong>s langues régionales <strong>et</strong> .inor;ta;res <strong>et</strong> la<br />

reconnaissance <strong>de</strong>s cours, classes <strong>et</strong> écoles créés par <strong>de</strong>s<br />

associations uti lisant ces langues co..e langue d'enseignellent<br />

g~néral.<br />

Pour la troisième fois, la commission <strong>de</strong> la jeunesse, <strong>de</strong><br />

l~ culture, <strong>de</strong> l'éducation, <strong>de</strong> l'information <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s sports<br />

revient à la charge en <strong>de</strong>mandant la mise en oeuvre d'une<br />

Charte communautaire <strong>de</strong>s langues <strong>et</strong> cultures régionales <strong>et</strong><br />

d'une Charte <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>s minorités <strong>et</strong>hniques, <strong>de</strong>mandées<br />

par le Parlement en 1981, ainsi que <strong>de</strong>s mesures en faveur<br />

<strong>de</strong>s langues <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s cu ltures minoritai res, réc lamées en<br />

1983.<br />

En premier lieu, les Etats membres <strong>de</strong>vraient reconnaître<br />

dans leurs dispositions constitutionnelles leurs éventuelles<br />

diversitês <strong>et</strong>hniques, culturelles <strong>et</strong> linguistiques.<br />

Au niveau <strong>de</strong>s Etats membres, <strong>de</strong>s mesures <strong>de</strong>vraient être<br />

prises en matière d'~nseignement: <strong>de</strong> réglementation<br />

administrative, <strong>de</strong> communication <strong>et</strong> d'information. Et <strong>de</strong><br />

.préconiser un enseignement officiel <strong>de</strong>s langues régionales.<br />

<strong>et</strong> minoritaires <strong>et</strong> la reconnaissance officielle <strong>de</strong>s cours,<br />

classes <strong>et</strong> écoles créés par <strong>de</strong>s associations qui utilisent<br />

comme langue d'enseignement général une langue régionale<br />

ou minoritaire.<br />

Des dispositions législatives <strong>de</strong>vraient être adoptées pour<br />

garantir le droit d'utiliser les langues régionales <strong>et</strong><br />

~;noritaires, prescrire leur usage dans les services<br />

décentralisés <strong>de</strong> l'Etat <strong>et</strong> autoriser l'inscription sur les<br />

listes électorales <strong>de</strong>s noms <strong>de</strong> lieu <strong>et</strong> autres indications<br />

établis dans les langues régionales ou minoritaires. Bien<br />

entendu, l'accès à la radiotélévision locale, régionale <strong>et</strong><br />

nationale <strong>de</strong>vrait être facilité. Et <strong>de</strong> préconiser le<br />

recours aux techniques <strong>de</strong> doublage <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> sous-titrage,<br />

propres à promouvoir les productions audiovisuelles dans<br />

.les langues régionales <strong>et</strong> minoritaires.<br />

Au niveau <strong>de</strong> la vie courante, le rapporteur recomman<strong>de</strong>.<br />

l'uti lisation <strong>de</strong>s langues régionales <strong>et</strong> minoritai res par<br />

les entreprises publiques (trafic postal), dans les transactions<br />

financières (chèques postaux <strong>et</strong> opérations bancaires),<br />

pour l'étiqu<strong>et</strong>age <strong>de</strong>s produits <strong>et</strong> sur les<br />

panneaux <strong>de</strong> signalisation routiire.<br />

Quant au Conseil <strong>et</strong> à la Commission, ils sont invités à<br />

promouvoi r .le "Bureau <strong>de</strong>s langues <strong>de</strong> moindre diffusion"<br />

(créé en 1982 à la suite d'une résolution du Parlement<br />

européen), en lui accordant <strong>de</strong>s crédits budgétaires suffisants.<br />

Signalons enfin que la commission <strong>de</strong> la jeunesse <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la<br />

culture souhaite établir entre autres un raport sur les<br />

minorités d'outre-mer.<br />

10


t<br />

--TURKEY<br />

I<br />

i Torture has become an issue for public discussion in Turi<br />

key. Almost four years after a civilian government came to<br />

I power in November 1983, no effective measures have been<br />

! taken to prevent torture.<br />

! The Turkish authorities have<br />

I admitted thattorture takes place.<br />

but have repeatedly claimed that<br />

it is used only in isolated inci-<br />

I <strong>de</strong>nts. Despite the promise that all<br />

I complaints of torture are invesjtigated<br />

and t~at those responsible<br />

for torture wJlI be prosecuted. AI<br />

, has not observed any fundamen-<br />

I tal changes in the systematic and<br />

" wi<strong>de</strong>spread practice of torture.<br />

Torture of political d<strong>et</strong>ainees<br />

was already a major concern for<br />

AI before the military coup of 12<br />

September 1980. The numher of<br />

allegations of torture at any time<br />

appears to be directly related to<br />

the number of people d<strong>et</strong>ained.<br />

During an earlier period of military<br />

intervention. from 1970 to<br />

1973, when several thousand people<br />

were d<strong>et</strong>ained, AI received<br />

hundreds of allegations of torture<br />

and believed torture to be<br />

wi<strong>de</strong>spread and systematic. Fewer<br />

I<br />

)<br />

allegations were received during<br />

the mid-1970s, when there were<br />

fewer political prisoners. After the<br />

introduction of martial law in December<br />

1978, the number of cases<br />

of torture again began to grow.<br />

Following a research mission in<br />

May 1980 AI conclu<strong>de</strong>d that most<br />

people d<strong>et</strong>ained by the police and<br />

martial law authorities were tortured.<br />

and in some cases tortured<br />

to <strong>de</strong>ath.<br />

After a military coup in September<br />

1980 thcusands of people<br />

were taken into custody by the<br />

security forces. At the beginning<br />

of 1987 the number of people who<br />

had been taken into custody was<br />

estimated by the newly foun<strong>de</strong>d<br />

Human Rights Association in Turkey<br />

to be atleast240,OOO. The inci<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

of torture increased<br />

dramatically immediately after the<br />

coup. In subsequent years the<br />

number of torture allegations and<br />

\<br />

.--,<br />

I<br />

,<br />

\<br />

\<br />

'1<br />

reported <strong>de</strong>aths un<strong>de</strong>r torture<br />

gradually <strong>de</strong>creased. but only<br />

relatively. Continuing reports of<br />

torture during recent months point<br />

to the fact that the pattern has<br />

shown no significant change to the<br />

present day.<br />

M<strong>et</strong>hods<br />

The main purpose of torture in<br />

police custody appears to be to extract<br />

information and confessions.<br />

Ill-treatment in prisons, often in<br />

the form of routine beatings, is inten<strong>de</strong>d<br />

mainly to maintain discipline.<br />

In both prisons and police<br />

stations. the intimidation and humiliation<br />

of prisoners is an additional<br />

motive.<br />

For these purposes a whole vari<strong>et</strong>y<br />

of m<strong>et</strong>hods is used. Suspects<br />

are blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and handcuffed<br />

immediately after d<strong>et</strong>ention. Even<br />

common criminal suspects are<br />

stripped naked during interrogation<br />

and left like that, often after<br />

being hosed with ice-cold water,<br />

or left on the concr<strong>et</strong>e floors of<br />

cells in the harsh conditions of<br />

winter. l)<strong>et</strong>ainees are frequently<br />

kept hungry and thirsty, are<br />

prevented from sleeping for days<br />

and are forced to stand in tiring<br />

positions for long periods.<br />

The m<strong>et</strong>hod of torture most frequently<br />

applied is bastirwdo ifakllul,<br />

beatings on the soles of the<br />

fe<strong>et</strong>). The only equipment necessary<br />

is a chair and some rope (see<br />

illustration). Electric shock torture<br />

is applied using a hand generator.<br />

It is often combined with various<br />

sorts of hanging (see illustrationl<br />

Various forms of sexual abuse,<br />

insults and threats, including<br />

mock executions, are arn~ng the<br />

most,frequently applied of many<br />

other forms of cniel, inhuman and<br />

<strong>de</strong>grading treatment in Turkey.<br />

These drawings of prisoners being<br />

tortured are by a former police<br />

officer. The one below shows'<br />

bastinado, in which the prisoner is ,<br />

beaten on the soles of the fe<strong>et</strong>. This<br />

torture m<strong>et</strong>hod - also known as<br />

faJaka - is the most common. It requires<br />

no special equipment and<br />

leaves relatively few marks. The<br />

above drawing shows one of the<br />

many ways in which prisoners are<br />

SUSpen<strong>de</strong>d in or<strong>de</strong>r to cause pain.<br />

This m<strong>et</strong>hod is known as "Palestinian<br />

hanging".<br />

-> Il


File on Torture September 1987<br />

CELLS<br />

SECTIONS<br />

SHOWER ROOM<br />

."holl<br />

TORTURE<br />

EQUIPMENT<br />

~1Il""""O<br />

AIoB<br />

'Reer.. tlon<br />

-"<br />

SECTION<br />

Although people have been tortured in police stations and<br />

prisons of every type throughout Turkey, there are also<br />

buildings specially equipped for torture.<br />

Most of these places are well tigate the treatment of d<strong>et</strong>ainees in<br />

known. The US-based human these centres and take the necesrights<br />

group, Helsinki Watch sary steps.<br />

COmßÙttee, stated in March 1986: One of the best known torture<br />

"I was able to find the exact 10- centres is a place called DAL<br />

cation of the main torture centres (Devl<strong>et</strong> Arastirma Laburatuvari.<br />

in both cities" (Ankara and Istan- State Research Laboratory) in<br />

buJ). A government d<strong>et</strong>ermined to Ankara Police Headquarters. In<br />

eliminate torture would inves- April 1987 AI obtained a sk<strong>et</strong>ch<br />

A<br />

o<br />

CELLS<br />

o<br />

ḻion<br />

ENTRANCE<br />

A torture centre in Ankara. This sk<strong>et</strong>ch by former d<strong>et</strong>ainees shows the State Research Laboratory within Ankara<br />

Police Headquarters. The d<strong>et</strong>ainees - stu<strong>de</strong>nts held b<strong>et</strong>ween November 1986 and March 1987 -Indicate clearly<br />

a room where torture equipment is housed and used. A former prisoner of conscience tortured the,'e in 1981<br />

has confirmed the accuracy of the sk<strong>et</strong>ch. The passage b<strong>et</strong>ween Sections A and B is reported to be very low so<br />

people have to bend down to walk through, It can he closed off by an artificial wall camounaged with fire<br />

extinguishers to avoid unwanted entry.<br />

Torture centres<br />

(sui te)<br />

Deaths in custody<br />

Since the September 1980 coup AI has submitted to the<br />

authorities the narnes of more than 100people alleged to have<br />

died in custody since then. In reply AI has received information<br />

from the authorities on 82 of these cases. Most of<br />

the replies are less than satisfactory.<br />

Since the end of 1985 various September 1980, A report issued<br />

organizations in Turkey have is- by the Chief of the GeneraI Staffs<br />

sued lists of people who died in Office on 29 October 1982 stated<br />

custody. The prisoners named in- that investigations into 204 <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

elu<strong>de</strong> some who died as a result alleged to have been caused by<br />

of hunger-strikes or medical torture had d<strong>et</strong>ermined that in only<br />

neglect and some who committed four cases were the <strong>de</strong>aths caused<br />

suici<strong>de</strong>. Even so, the majority of by torture. In Aprill984 the sarne<br />

prisoners named in these lists ap- office announced that since the<br />

pear to have died as a result of first <strong>de</strong>claration of martial law in<br />

torture. December 1978 two people had<br />

In December 1985 Cüneyt Can- died as a result of torture ..<br />

ver, a Social Democrat Populist In April 1986 Yildirim Akbu-<br />

Party (SHP) member of parlia- lut, Minister of the Interior, anment,<br />

han<strong>de</strong>d over a list with 113 swering questions in parliament<br />

names to the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of parlia- said that there had been a total of<br />

ment during a <strong>de</strong>bate on the budg- 78 <strong>de</strong>aths during interrogation beel.<br />

One year later Fikri Saglar, tween 26 December 1978 and 31<br />

Secr<strong>et</strong>ary General of the SHP, December 1985, but did not speci-<br />

~ubmilled a list of 253 names and fy the causes. In December 1986<br />

in February 1987 the Human the Minister of Justice. Mahmut<br />

Rights Association presented to OItan Sungurlu, stated that 13<br />

the press d<strong>et</strong>ailed information on <strong>de</strong>aths in custody had been caused<br />

149 cases. Twenty more names by torture or ill-treatment.<br />

were ad<strong>de</strong>d later. During the first six months of<br />

On 16 March 1982 the Minister 1987 AI received information on<br />

of State, Ilhan Öztrak, acknow- Il <strong>de</strong>aths in custody. Nine of<br />

ledged publicly that 15 people had them were alleged to have been<br />

died as a result of torture since caused by torture.<br />

12<br />

1:<br />

:i<br />

of DAL with Section A and Section<br />

B. where the torture equipment<br />

is housed, marked. It was<br />

drawn by stu<strong>de</strong>nts d<strong>et</strong>ained b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

November 1986 and March<br />

1987, The main elements of this<br />

sk<strong>et</strong>ch were confirmed by a former<br />

prisoner of conscience who had<br />

been tortured here in 1981. Except<br />

for the addition of a "recreation<br />

room" used to treat injuries<br />

before the prisoner's release or<br />

formal arrest by a court, nothing<br />

seems to have changed since then.<br />

For example, in February 1987<br />

the gendarmerie (armed rural<br />

police), while searching for Hasan<br />

Bayram, roun<strong>de</strong>d up members<br />

of his family in Pirinclik village<br />

near Diyarbakir and took them to<br />

the gendarmerie station. The next<br />

day Hasan Bayram's 70-year-old<br />

father, Zülfikar Bayram, died in<br />

hospital. His wife Esma Bayram<br />

says:<br />

"On 19 February gendarmes<br />

came to our house saying that they<br />

were looking for my son Hasan<br />

who is on the run. Everyone in the<br />

family was beater.. They took us,<br />

my husband Zülfikar Bayram and<br />

the children, to the gendarmerie<br />

station where they beat us and hit<br />

us with the butts of their rifles.<br />

My husband, who was seriously<br />

injured, and I were taken to hospital,<br />

where he died, .. An autopsy<br />

will provi<strong>de</strong> proof that torture<br />

caused his <strong>de</strong>ath. A medical examination<br />

of the other members<br />

of the family who are still in custody<br />

[on 22 February] should be<br />

done ...<br />

The <strong>de</strong>ath of Mehm<strong>et</strong> Kalkan<br />

on 14 June 1987 in the hands of<br />

the Diyarbakir Directorate of the<br />

Rapid Forces (special branch of<br />

the police) led to a three-day<br />

hunger-strike of political prisoners<br />

in Diyarbakir Military Prison.<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> Kalkan escaped from<br />

AI on torture in<br />

Turkey<br />

Quotations from AI reports<br />

May 1984: File on<br />

Tonure:<br />

"The Turkish authorities have<br />

persisted in the torture of prisoner


t<br />

"<br />

File on Torture SeJlt~mber 1987<br />

(suite)<br />

Torture in southeastern<br />

Turkey<br />

Another dimension of the<br />

problem of torture and iIltreatment<br />

in Turkey is illustrated<br />

by the situation in the<br />

southeast. Armed clashes b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

Kurdish guerrilla<br />

troops and the Turkish seeu- .<br />

rit y forces have led to more<br />

than 700 <strong>de</strong>aths in less than<br />

three years since August<br />

1984.<br />

AI received oral and written testimonies<br />

of whole villages being<br />

roun<strong>de</strong>d up by the security forces<br />

and the Kurdish population being<br />

beaten by members of the gendarmerie<br />

or army searching for guerrillas<br />

and their supporters. Four<br />

people are alleged to have died as<br />

a result of torture b<strong>et</strong>ween February<br />

and June 1987.<br />

A report in the newspaper Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong><br />

of 6 May 1987 refers to<br />

events in Güzelöz village in the<br />

district of Gercüs, Mardin<br />

province. The inhabitants said:<br />

"On 9 April the gendarmerie<br />

came into our village and roun<strong>de</strong>d<br />

the men up in the school<br />

playground b<strong>et</strong>ween 3 and 4 pm.<br />

They took 12 people to the gendarmerie<br />

station in Vias. They<br />

were stripped naked and beaten<br />

until 3 in the morning. Their eyes<br />

were blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and they were<br />

handcuffed. Then they were s<strong>et</strong><br />

free.<br />

"The next day 500 gendarmes<br />

came to the village and once again<br />

roun<strong>de</strong>d up the men in the school<br />

playground. The gendarmes<br />

searched all the houses but did not<br />

find anything. They took the men<br />

insi<strong>de</strong> the school and beat them.<br />

The beatings went on until3 pm.<br />

During this time one of us was<br />

stripped naked [Hüseyin C<strong>et</strong>in]<br />

and shown from the wincow of<br />

the school.<br />

"Four children of our village<br />

were asked where the bandits<br />

were and given electric shocks to<br />

the mouths. Their mouths bled<br />

and they had to be given medical<br />

treatment. "<br />

Testimony of torture<br />

"Worse than the physical torture, I was subjected to psychological<br />

torture, much more cruel and shameful for<br />

mankind.<br />

"As well as the threat: •If you do not speak, we will torture<br />

your daughter' in the presence of my two-year-old daughter<br />

in the torture chamber, I lived through the agony of<br />

listening to the cries ofher mother, who was tortured in the<br />

d<strong>et</strong>ention and interrogation cell at Gayr<strong>et</strong>tepe First Branch<br />

(Istanbul Political Police), unable to calm our weeping<br />

daughter.<br />

"Making <strong>de</strong>grading threats, they<br />

tortured my wife at my si<strong>de</strong>. I<br />

have seen a police truncheon in<br />

her anus. Can I and those like me,<br />

who have been subjected to such<br />

<strong>de</strong>grading and inhuman treatment,<br />

ever forg<strong>et</strong> all this?<br />

"I do not know how many<br />

times I was hung up by my fe<strong>et</strong>,<br />

or in the crucifix position, with<br />

my hands tied at the front or behind<br />

my back. Som<strong>et</strong>imes I was<br />

kept hanging for minutes, som<strong>et</strong>imes<br />

for hours. I imagine that the<br />

periods, when my shoul<strong>de</strong>r bla<strong>de</strong>s<br />

pressed against my chest, when I<br />

had difficulty in breathing, when<br />

I lost all feeling in my arms and<br />

could nottouch the floor, amount<br />

to a total of several days.<br />

"During this time I was beaten<br />

up and given electric shocks while<br />

suspen<strong>de</strong>d in the air. My armpits<br />

were cut as if with a razor bla<strong>de</strong><br />

.. .I lived through days when<br />

electric shocks given to the toes,<br />

the sexualorgans and the hands<br />

and ears all seemed to converge<br />

in the belly of a human being.<br />

Only someone who has gone<br />

through the torture centres can<br />

know what it means when lightning<br />

strikes in the belly of a human<br />

being ... "<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong>, a teacher, and his<br />

wife were d<strong>et</strong>ained on 17 June<br />

1986 in Elazig. Al sought assurances<br />

that they would not be tortured<br />

pr ill-treated in d<strong>et</strong>ention.<br />

The Ministry of Justice replied in<br />

February 1987 that Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong><br />

was one of the <strong>de</strong>fendants in a trial<br />

at Istanbul State Security Court,<br />

charged with membership of an<br />

illegal organization called TKEP<br />

(Turkish Communist Workers'<br />

Party). Allegations of torture had<br />

been raised but found groundless;<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong>, second from the right, ma<strong>de</strong> d<strong>et</strong>ailed torture allegaticms at<br />

Istanbul State Security Court. He was also forced to watch his wife being<br />

tortured.<br />

Theatre director Yilmaz Onay,<br />

who was d<strong>et</strong>ained in December<br />

1986. He testified that he had<br />

been tortured for three days insi<strong>de</strong><br />

Ankara Police Headquarters.<br />

therefore the investigation into<br />

them had been stopped by the<br />

prosecutor.<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong> says that he was<br />

subjected to torture in Elazig and<br />

Istanbul for a total of one month.<br />

He saw a doctor only many<br />

months later, y<strong>et</strong> in a report dated<br />

7 August 1986 issued by the<br />

Health Committee of Elazig State<br />

Hospital signs of the torture were<br />

documented.<br />

The above testimony is from<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong>'s statement at his<br />

court hearing on 15 January 1987.<br />

Refik Baytar, a grammar school<br />

stu<strong>de</strong>nt from Batman, who says<br />

he was tortured for 12 days in<br />

SUrt and Batman poUce stations<br />

in January 1987.<br />

-><br />

13


File on Torture September 1987<br />

III-treatment<br />

What you can dn<br />

(sui te)<br />

in prison<br />

After new regulations for the treatment of prisoners in<br />

military prisons were introduced on 30 September 1986 the<br />

situation in prisons seemed to have improved slightly, but<br />

since April 1987 new allegations of ill-treatment in military<br />

prisons have been received.<br />

In a press conference on 1 April<br />

relatives of prisoners in Istanbul<br />

claimed that prisoners in M<strong>et</strong>ris<br />

Military Prison were being iIItreated.<br />

As a recent example they<br />

claimed that six <strong>de</strong>fendants in a<br />

political trial at Istanbul Military<br />

Court had been stripped naked<br />

and beaten un<strong>de</strong>r the pr<strong>et</strong>ext of a<br />

routine search. The six were accused<br />

of being members of the<br />

TKP/ML, Turkish Communist<br />

Party /Marxist- Leninist.<br />

In June 1987 inmates of Sagmalcilar<br />

Prison in Istanbul were<br />

beaten after they refused to wear<br />

Sexual<br />

abuse<br />

chains on their way to court. Their<br />

court hearings are now proceeding<br />

in their absence.<br />

In Adana. mothers of political<br />

prisoners complained at the J>eginning<br />

of June 1987 that their sons,<br />

Ayhan Karmis. Ali Nurdogan<br />

Köroglu and Haydar Karadag,<br />

had been been tortured in Adana<br />

Closed Prison because they had<br />

refused to sing the national anthem<br />

and to participate in prayers<br />

during meals. Zeliha Karmis<br />

claimed that her son had suffered<br />

internal bleeding and that she had<br />

seen blood coming from his ear.<br />

"We have youngsters aged 20 and 21 at our disposal,<br />

hard as a rock. If they want to torture a girl<br />

sexually ... why should they feel the need for a<br />

truncheon?"<br />

Former General Turgut Sunalp, October 1985<br />

In view of the persistent evi<strong>de</strong>nce of torture in Turkey AI<br />

believes that the Turkish Government should implement the<br />

following measures:<br />

.The highest authorities in<br />

Turkey should issue clear public<br />

instructions that torture will not<br />

be tolerated un<strong>de</strong>r any circumstances.<br />

.Rather than issuing unverifiable<br />

<strong>de</strong>nials in the face of torture allegations,<br />

the Turkish Government<br />

should establish an impartial body<br />

to investigate all complaints and<br />

reports of torture. Ils findings and<br />

m<strong>et</strong>hods of investigation should be<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> public.<br />

.Relatives and lawyers should be<br />

informed promptly of the whereabouts<br />

of d<strong>et</strong>ainees and have<br />

prompt and regular access to them.<br />

.Steps should be taken to ensure<br />

that confessions or other evi<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

obtained through torture may<br />

never be invoked in legal<br />

14<br />

.'I was taken to Yenimahalle to force the stu<strong>de</strong>nt to assault me<br />

Police Station. My eyes were sexually. As I could not stand<br />

blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and I was taken to it, I agreed to sign that<br />

a place I do not know. Here I statement. "<br />

was stripped naked. First I was Nilufer Aydur is one of<br />

hosed with ice-cold water and hundreds of stu<strong>de</strong>nts arrested in<br />

given electric shocks. They April 1987 after wi<strong>de</strong>spread<br />

wanted me to sign a statement, protests against restrictions on<br />

but I refused. stu<strong>de</strong>nt associations. Her tes-<br />

"Thereupon they locked me timony comes from a trial, in<br />

in a single cell with a male stu- May 1987, of 141 stu<strong>de</strong>nts at<br />

<strong>de</strong>nt. We were both stripped Ankara State Security Court.<br />

naked. Un<strong>de</strong>r torture they tried<br />

proceedings.<br />

.The Turkish Government<br />

should sign and ratify the UN<br />

Convention Against Torture and<br />

Other Cruel. Inhuman or Degrading<br />

Treatment or Punishment<br />

which entered into force on 26<br />

June 1987. Criminal proceedings<br />

should be instituted against alleged<br />

torturers, as called for in the<br />

UN Convention.<br />

.Please write to the authorities<br />

urging them to take effective steps<br />

to stop torture and in particular to<br />

implement these measures. Send<br />

your l<strong>et</strong>ters to: Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Kenan<br />

Evren/Office of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt!<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Baskanligi/ Anlcaraffurkey;<br />

and: Turgut Özal / Office of the<br />

Prime Minister / Basbakanlik /<br />

Ankara/Turkey.O<br />

Criminal suspect<br />

tortured<br />

"On 31 January 1987 I was ar-<br />

Icsted while driving my taxi.<br />

Shortly after we had arrived at the<br />

police station they applied<br />

bastiruuJo (beatings on the soles of<br />

the fe<strong>et</strong>) to me. They fixed my<br />

legs to a stick with a rope and<br />

tightened it by turning it five or<br />

six times.<br />

"The first day I was beaten day<br />

and night and then I was taken to<br />

a cell for one person. I got nothing<br />

to eat or drink and I was not<br />

allowed to go to the toil<strong>et</strong>. They<br />

were swearing at me all the time.<br />

"On the second day I was<br />

sleeping in my cell when they arrived<br />

at around 2 or 3 am. They<br />

took me handcuffed and blindfol<strong>de</strong>d<br />

to another room. Here they<br />

stripped me naked and tied one of<br />

my fe<strong>et</strong> and my hands to som<strong>et</strong>hing.<br />

Again they beat me and<br />

squeezed my testicles so that I<br />

screamed the whole time.<br />

"On the third day they told me<br />

to confess to the crime or I would<br />

have electric shocks applied to<br />

me. They took me to a room and<br />

asked me to undress. Although I<br />

resisted they took off all my<br />

clothes and fixed a cable to my little<br />

finger and applied electricity<br />

until I fainted. I could admit to<br />

nothing because I knew nothing,<br />

but they ma<strong>de</strong> me sign a statement.<br />

In court I learned that it was<br />

about a woman whose money had<br />

been stolen."<br />

Testimony of Ihsan Allabucak.<br />

Threats<br />

and torture<br />

"'I was d<strong>et</strong>ained on 24 December<br />

1986 in Ankara. They also<br />

took my wife to the police station.<br />

I immediately admitted to<br />

stealing a car because I had really<br />

done that. I asked them to<br />

release my wife and my sister.<br />

They immediately beat me and<br />

said: "You have a record of po-<br />

Iitical crime and at your home<br />

we have found banned publications;<br />

you are still involved in<br />

political activities.'. I said that<br />

I had been imprisoned for eight<br />

years for political crime, but<br />

that possession of individual<br />

banned books was not forbid<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

They said: 'You know too<br />

much.'<br />

"I was taken to the torture<br />

room while being beaten. There<br />

I was subjected to hanging, electric<br />

shocks and the bastinado<br />

(beatings on the soles of the<br />

fe<strong>et</strong>). They also swore at me the<br />

whole time. This lasted for<br />

about an hour. They had a break<br />

and just when I thought the torture<br />

had stopped they started<br />

again.<br />

"For five days we were ~or-<br />

Serhat Sirnsek, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the stu<strong>de</strong>nts'<br />

association at the machine<br />

faculty at Istanbul Technical<br />

Universitv. He was held incommunicad~<br />

for 2S days by the political<br />

police in January 1987. He said<br />

he had not only been tortured himself,<br />

but had witnessed the torture<br />

of others too.<br />

"Because torture has become<br />

a profound and<br />

wi<strong>de</strong>spread political tool it<br />

is difficult to erase its<br />

roots. . • Therefore the<br />

authorities are <strong>de</strong>fending<br />

torture and trying to hi<strong>de</strong><br />

it."<br />

Journalist llhan Seleuk,<br />

February 1986<br />

tured, Il times in all. I only admitted<br />

stealing a car. They<br />

wanted me and my brother-inlaw<br />

to admit to another robbery<br />

and political activities.<br />

"On the evening of the sixth<br />

day they blindfol<strong>de</strong>d me and<br />

took me to the torture room.<br />

Here they said that I must admit<br />

to the political activities or<br />

the robbery or they would torture<br />

my wife in front of me. I<br />

said that I had done nothing like<br />

that and could not admit it. They<br />

told me to open my eyes and<br />

took away my blindfold and I<br />

saw my sister whose eyes and<br />

face were swollen. I shouted but<br />

I was held by four or five<br />

policemen.<br />

"Then they blindfol<strong>de</strong>d my<br />

sister and started to beat her and<br />

take her clothes off. I went wild<br />

and kicked at the policemen. An<br />

officer said that they should g<strong>et</strong><br />

my wife as well. I could not<br />

stand this torture inflicted on my<br />

sister and said I would admit to<br />

everything ...<br />

Testimony of Namik Konyalioglu.<br />

t


.,<br />

,<br />

10"<br />

CIl<br />

_~ amnesty<br />

c.tf international<br />

IN flRNATIQNAL SECRETARIAl<br />

1 t3ston S,tre<strong>et</strong> London WC 1X 8DJ<br />

unl1(:(' r,If,Yéj',Jr!l<br />

EXTERNAL (for general distribution)<br />

16 September 1987<br />

Further information on UA 09/86 (MDE 14/02/86 20 January 1986,<br />

MOE 14/01/87 25 February 1987) - Death penalty/Torture/Death in<br />

custody<br />

IRAQ: 300 children and youths<br />

------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

On 14 September 1987 the Iraqi Embassy in the United Kingdom<br />

respon<strong>de</strong>d to Amnesty International's urgent appeals on behalf of<br />

300 children and youths reported to have been arrested in<br />

Sulaimaniya in northernIraq b<strong>et</strong>ween late September and mid-October<br />

1985, 29 of whom were later reported to have been executed.<br />

The l<strong>et</strong>ter stated that the Iraqi authorities "<strong>de</strong>ny these<br />

allegations as totally false and baseless". However, they<br />

confirmed the execution of seven youths named in the further<br />

information issued on Amnesty International's Urgent Action<br />

(MDE 14/01/87 25 February 1987). They were Shamal 'Abdallah Rashid<br />

(born 1966, from Kaniskan), Aka Rashid Faraj (born 1966, from<br />

Shwarbakh), Taha Ibrahim Hussain (born 1967, from Bakhtiyari),<br />

Nizar Nuri Ahmad (born 1964 - according to the Iraqi authorities'<br />

l<strong>et</strong>ter his year of birth was 1967 - from Sarchinar), Aso 'Ali Rahim<br />

(born 1967, from Majeed Bag), Salam Sa'i~ Ramadan (born 1967, from<br />

Shwarbakh) and 'Abdallah 'Ali Sharief (born 1967, from Majeed Bag).<br />

The authorities stated that they had "committed criminal and<br />

subversive acts using arms and explosives against innocent<br />

civilians as well as public and private properties and<br />

establishments ••• Therefore, and being adults according to Iraqi<br />

laws, they were tried by a special court where all judicial and<br />

legal guarantees were fully respected, including the right to have<br />

a court-appointed lawyer to <strong>de</strong>fend them. They were found guilty<br />

and (sentenced to <strong>de</strong>ath) ••• ". Another youth. also named in<br />

Amnesty International's Urgent Action, Azad Yusuf 'Omar (born 1968,<br />

from Majeed Bag) was said to have been "sentenced to life imprisonment<br />

due to his special case." The authorities did not indicate<br />

what was special about his case.<br />

The l<strong>et</strong>ter continued. "With regard to the rest of the (29)<br />

names we once again <strong>de</strong>ny and disregard the allegations ma<strong>de</strong> about<br />

them. and we believe that the Iranian hostile regime and (its)<br />

clique (are) behind such false and unfoun<strong>de</strong>d allegations, claims,<br />

aiming at discrediting and <strong>de</strong>faming Iraq's reputation and its<br />

international position and stands."<br />

Further recommen<strong>de</strong>d action: Telexes/telegrams/airmail l<strong>et</strong>ters:<br />

- expressing regr<strong>et</strong> about these executions;<br />

- asking for d<strong>et</strong>ailed information on the judicial procedures followed<br />

during their trial by special court:<br />

- asking for further clarification about the "special case" of Azad<br />

Yusuf Omar,<br />

- in l<strong>et</strong>ters, reiterating concern at reports that some of the children<br />

and youths were tortured or ill-treated following arrest and that<br />

several of them died as a result of such treatment. urging the Iraqi<br />

government to investigate these reports and make publi= its findingsJ<br />

- seeking information on the status and whereabouts of those still in<br />

d<strong>et</strong>ention and calling for the immediate release of all such children<br />

and youths held on the basis of the political activities of their<br />

parents or relatives.<br />

APPEALS TO:<br />

Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Saddam Hussain<br />

Baghdad<br />

Iraq<br />

Telegrams: as above<br />

Telex: 212299 alqasr ik<br />

Tariq 'Aziz<br />

Minister of Foreign Affairs<br />

Ministry of Foreign Affairs<br />

Baghdad, Iraq<br />

Telegrams: Foreign Minister<br />

'Aziz, Baghdad, Iraq<br />

Telex: 212201 min for a ik<br />

212213 akharjia ik<br />

Copies to:<br />

Dr Riyad Aziz Hadi<br />

Presi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Iraqi Human Rights Association<br />

PO Box 6186<br />

Baghdad, Iraq<br />

Samir Muhammad Abd aI-Wahab<br />

Minister of Interior<br />

Ministry of Interior<br />

Baghdad, Iraq<br />

Or Mundhir Ibrahim Shawi<br />

Minister of Justic~<br />

Ministry of Justice<br />

Baghdad. Iraq<br />

Telegrams: Justice Minister Shawi,<br />

Baghdad. Iraq<br />

PLEASE ORGANIZE APPEALS FROM CHILDREN'S/YOUTH GROUPS.,<br />

Telegrams: Interior Minister aI-Wahab,<br />

Baghdad, Iraq<br />

and to diplomatic representatives of Iraq in your country.<br />

PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International<br />

Secr<strong>et</strong>ariat, or your section office. if sending appeals after 28 October 1987.


Sydney<br />

Morning<br />

Herald<br />

03.10.1987<br />

i, YVONNE PRESTON.<br />

H... ld CO.... pond.nt<br />

ISTANBUL, Friday: A<br />

French 10uriSI gui<strong>de</strong> has been<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rarresl in Turkey since June<br />

18 accused of promoling Armenian<br />

and Kurdish separalism.<br />

Afler repealed poslponemenls,<br />

Ihe gui<strong>de</strong>, Mr Michael CeraminOI,faces<br />

lrial on OClober 5.<br />

Il 1111began when Mr Cerami.<br />

nOI ç.me 10 Turkey in June wilh<br />

20 !DuriSls, accompanied by a<br />

Turkish lourisl gui<strong>de</strong>.<br />

• The Turkish gui<strong>de</strong> reported<br />

,<br />

Turks to tryFrench gui<strong>de</strong> for separatism<br />

Mr ('eramlnOI 10 the authorities trallC elections sm ce Ihe mlhtary minorities and share bor<strong>de</strong>rs<br />

because he claimed Ihal Mr coup in 1980 are due 10 be held Wilh Tuckey<br />

Cerami.nol ha~ said Ihal hislori- o~ ~ovember .1 and tog<strong>et</strong>her Turkish ~ulhorities daim Ihe'<br />

tal art.lfacts 10 lhe area were wllh ilS h~man ~ghls record Ihey Iwo Gulf Siales are failing ((.<br />

. A... enlan and had argued for are perceived as Importanl <strong>de</strong>I er- . "<br />

separale Slales for Armenians minanls in any <strong>de</strong>cision laken by pohce chelr Si<strong>de</strong> of che bor<strong>de</strong>r.<br />

and KurJ.i. ~';l ~Iro.l o1llllllvl "'-'as . . allOWing Kurd.lsh .terroClSls 10<br />

ed the European COmmunlly on cross and lerronse Villages.<br />

..frresl . Turkey's applicalion for full .<br />

Mr Ceraminol's relatives, who membership. A massacre 10 June followed a<br />

have Iwic:e ,,?me to Turkey only BUClhe Kurdish issue is a very resolutron ,!f lhe European Par-<br />

10 find hiS Inal poslponed, ha~e s.'nsilive one for Turkey. Unlike ha ment which talle~ on Tu.rke~<br />

claimed thallhe Turkish gUi<strong>de</strong> s (reeks, Armenians and Jews, 10 acknowledge ~enocl<strong>de</strong><br />

French is poor ,,;nd lhal he was the Kurds are nO( a prolected agalOsl Ihe Armentans ~fter<br />

on bad lerm~ wllh Ih~ accu~ed <strong>et</strong>hnic minorily un<strong>de</strong>r Ihe Turk- World, War.1 and <strong>de</strong>s~tlbed<br />

man, who obJecled 10 him lakmg ish Constilulion. Turkey s <strong>de</strong>n.lal of Ihe. eXistente<br />

tommission from carpel sellers. Even the name Kurd cannol of Ihe Kurdish question as ~n<br />

DiplomaiS in ~nkara are be ~sed in Turkey; Ihey are ,"sur~ounlable obstacle to ilS<br />

reported 10.be havmg difficulty known as Mountain Turks. Eco- actesslon to Ihe EC.<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rslandmg why a Frenchman nomitally neglected, mosl do nOI The resolution was billerly<br />

would want to spread separal~sl seek an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nl homeland resenled here. Turkey claims Ihe<br />

views to French toutlsls 10 bUlto g<strong>et</strong> a b<strong>et</strong>ter.<strong>de</strong>al from Ihe massacre by Kurdish lerrorisls<br />

Turkey. Government. from across Ihe bor<strong>de</strong>r was<br />

The case tould cause problems The Kurdish problem has been directly allributable 10 Ihe action<br />

for che ISlanbu! Governmenl exaterbatcd by Ihe Gulf War.. oflhe European Parliamenl.<br />

abroad. Turkey s first <strong>de</strong>mo- Iran and Iraq bolh have Kurdish. Mr Michael Ceraminol<br />

Oelober 1987<br />

Amnesty International<br />

Turkey<br />

Publisher jailed for<br />

36 years<br />

Recep Marasli, a 31-year-old Kurd,<br />

has been semenced to 36 years in<br />

prison, mainly because he published<br />

books aboul lhe Kurdish minority in<br />

Turkey.<br />

There are eight million Kurds<br />

living in Turkey, but this <strong>et</strong>hnic minorüy<br />

is nOl officially recognized by the<br />

authorilies and is not allowed a separate<br />

cultural i<strong>de</strong>mily. Public use of the<br />

Kurdish language is prohibited.<br />

Recep Marasli began working as a<br />

publisher in 1975 wilh the Komal<br />

Publishing House which specialized in<br />

books about the Kurdish minority. In<br />

1978 he was arrested and d<strong>et</strong>ained for<br />

eighl months because of his work. He<br />

bought the company in 1979 bUI it<br />

closed following lhe imposition of<br />

martiallaw in 1980.<br />

Recep Marasll, a publisher. IS serving senlences<br />

of 36 years lor publishing<br />

books aboul<br />

Ihe Kurdish <strong>et</strong>hniC mlnonly In Turkey and tor<br />

alleqed seoarallSI activities<br />

Recep Marasli was d<strong>et</strong>ained again<br />

in January 1982. He was convicted<br />

before a series of military courts in<br />

Istanbul and Diyarbakir on charges<br />

appears 10 have b<strong>et</strong>ome caught<br />

up il) Ihis complex maze.<br />

BUllEflNi<br />

including "weakening nalional feelings",<br />

"jnsulring the memory of<br />

Ataturk" and '''inciting separatism".<br />

In one Irial he was sentenced to<br />

two years for the <strong>de</strong>fence statemem<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> during his previous Irial. His<br />

prison sentences now add up to 36<br />

years, to be served consecutively. All<br />

have been upheld by the Military<br />

Court of Appeal.<br />

Recep Marasli took pan in several<br />

hunger-strikes at Diyarbakir military<br />

prison in protest against lorture and<br />

inhuman prison tonditions. During<br />

lhe last hunger-strike. ending in March<br />

1984, he became critically ill and was<br />

hospitalized. He remains in poor<br />

health.<br />

Please send courleous appeals for<br />

his immediate and uncondilional<br />

release to:<br />

Prime Minister Turgnl Ozal<br />

Basbakanlik<br />

Ankara<br />

Turkey<br />

16<br />

Inmates or Diyarbakir military prison in Turkey. Many Turkish prisoners<br />

h:n-e been sentenced to spend years behind bars for exen..i~ing their rir,ht<br />

10 rrtt:dom of expreMion. Over 48,000 political pri.wncr~ ha\c bt'l"n !ten-<br />

.~enced.after unfair lrials by military courts since martial hm was imposed.<br />

Publisher jailed for 36 years<br />

Reccp Marasli, a Kurd, has been sentenced to 36 years in prSm,<br />

mainly bl'Cause he published books about the Kurdish minority<br />

in Turkey.<br />

There are some eight million<br />

Kurds living in Turkey. bUlthis<br />

elhnic minority is not officially<br />

recognized by .he aUlhorities<br />

and is not allowed aseparale<br />

cultural i<strong>de</strong>ntity. Public USeof<br />

lhe Kurdish language is prohibited.<br />

Recep Marasli, who is 31, began<br />

his career as a publisher in<br />

1975 by working in Komal Publishing<br />

House - which specialized<br />

in books about the Kurdish<br />

minorily. In 1978 he was arresled<br />

and <strong>de</strong>lained for eight months<br />

because of his work bUl nevertheless<br />

boughlthe company lhe<br />

following year. The company<br />

was closed in 1980 when marliai<br />

law was imposed.<br />

Recep Marasli was d<strong>et</strong>ained<br />

again in January 1982. and has<br />

smce been convicled in military<br />

couns in Istanbul and Diyarbakir<br />

on such charges as<br />

"weakening nalional feelings",<br />

"insulring the memory of AtalUrk"<br />

and "inciling 10<br />

separatism" .<br />

In one trial he was sentented<br />

10 two years for Ihe <strong>de</strong>fenc:e<br />

stalement ma<strong>de</strong> during his<br />

p'revious trial. His prison sentences<br />

now add up to 36 years<br />

- 10 be served consecutively.<br />

All have been upheld by lhe<br />

Military Coun of Appeal.<br />

He look pan in several<br />

hunger-slrikes al Diyarbakir<br />

military prison in prolest against<br />

torture and inhuman prison oonditions.<br />

During the lasl hungerstrike,<br />

which en<strong>de</strong>d in March<br />

1984, he was taken 10 hospital<br />

in a crilical condition. Sin


, .. THE WASHINGTON TIMES 06.10.1987<br />

Iraq razes villages,<br />

res<strong>et</strong>tles its Kurds<br />

By Samlr F Ghattas<br />

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS<br />

cort. The main highway b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

BAGHDAD - Iraqi forces have Baghdad and the north is closed<br />

<strong>de</strong>stroyed hundreds of Kurdish villages<br />

ln northern Iraq and diplomats sons."<br />

from dusk to dawn for "security rea-<br />

say thousands of Kurds have been Arab and Western diplomats said<br />

.res<strong>et</strong>tled in a campaign against Kurdish villages have been dynamited<br />

and bulldozed by security<br />

Iranian-backed guerrillas.<br />

The diplomats, from both Western forces and their populations res<strong>et</strong>tled<br />

in the south. The Kurdish fac-<br />

and Arab countries, said the Iraqi<br />

dnve IS led by Ali Hassan al.Maiid, tions charge that Iraqi warplanes attack<br />

villages suspected of harboring<br />

a cousm of Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Saddam Hussem<br />

sent to the turbulent Kurdistan guerrillas and use chemical bombs.<br />

region earlier this year to crush the<br />

The charges cannot all be confirmed,<br />

but Iran's state-run televi-<br />

guernlla offensive. .<br />

Reports are hard to confirm because<br />

correspon<strong>de</strong>nts, diplomats it said was an air strike on a village.<br />

sion recently showed a film of what<br />

and other observers are not allowed It showed bodies of civilians strewn<br />

mto tt1C JlfJrih \\':thout a miiitary es. on the ru ined stre<strong>et</strong>s.<br />

man<strong>de</strong>rs who say the campaign has<br />

antagonized Kurdish villagers,<br />

driven them to aid the guerrillas and<br />

failed to stop the guerrilla attacks,<br />

diplomats reported.<br />

Kurdish guerrillas backed by<br />

Iran, Iraq's enemy in the 7-year-ld<br />

Gulf War, have been escalating their<br />

attacks since March, forcing Bagh.<br />

dad to divert troops badly nee<strong>de</strong>d at<br />

the front.<br />

Iraqi officials <strong>de</strong>cline all comment<br />

on the guerrilla war and the<br />

militaryoperations against the<br />

Kurds.<br />

Maj. Gen. 1àleh aI-Douri, com.<br />

man<strong>de</strong>r of the 5th Army Corps based<br />

in northern Iraq. told Iraqi reporters<br />

Most diplomats doubt there have<br />

been mass killings. They said casualties<br />

were believed to be minimal<br />

because villagers are or<strong>de</strong>red out of<br />

their homes before the homes arc<br />

<strong>de</strong>molished.<br />

Mr. al-Majid's operations have all'<br />

~ered some nOl'lhern military coman<br />

Sept. 21 during a governmentguiuc:d<br />

vi::.it ~o 1:1t: reg:on thëai.K:JfJ.<br />

ish rebels were carrying out "sabotage<br />

raids." But he <strong>de</strong>nied there<br />

was a major guerrilla offensive and<br />

said the attacks were "minor inci<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

carried out by bandits."<br />

The.diplomats say the mountain<br />

war in the north is a growing problem<br />

for Mr. Hussein. Iran's official<br />

news media report almost daily<br />

against military convoys and garri.<br />

sons.<br />

The guerrillas, who seek an<br />

autonomous homeland, claim to have<br />

killed thousands of Iraqis, captured<br />

hundreds and seized control of a<br />

large area of Kurdistan.<br />

The fighters, known as Peshmergas,<br />

or "those who face <strong>de</strong>ath;' have<br />

cut highways and kidnapped foreigners<br />

and local lea<strong>de</strong>rs for ransom<br />

or supplies, diplomats said.<br />

Their campaign threatens Iraq's<br />

big Kirkuk ail fields and two oil pipelines<br />

to Mediterranean terminals in<br />

Thrkey that carry about 1.5 million<br />

barrels a day.<br />

FINANCIAL<br />

TIMES<br />

13.10.1987<br />

Kurds seize<br />

Italians<br />

in Iraq<br />

AN IRAQI Kurdl.b IrouP •• Id<br />

ye.lerd.y Il b.d IIldD'Pped<br />

tbree It.U.D eDIIDeer. ID<br />

DortberD Ir.q 'Dd <strong>de</strong>m.a<strong>de</strong>d<br />

tbe wltbdr.",.1 of liaJlu .bl ...<br />

from tbe Gulf, AP reporta from<br />

Beirut<br />

Tbe IIroup, caillaI tt.elf<br />

"Tbe Kurdl.tu Iraqi N.Uoaal<br />

Ualoa" aald Il aebeci Üle three<br />

"ia prole.t at tile liaJlu aid to<br />

Üle Iraqi rellme ud the liaJlaa<br />

military presence In the<br />

walen olthe Gulf:<br />

Tbe c1.lm .... m.<strong>de</strong> In •<br />

type-wrillen stalemenl In AnIbic<br />

<strong>de</strong>Uyered to an InlerD.Uonal<br />

ne"'. 'lIeaey ln Beirut. The<br />

st3leme"t named tbe three<br />

liaJian .... MI' Glaccoce Mlael-<br />

U, MI' Ch.rordl Clcyupl ud<br />

MI'P1iaJ Louis Roberto.<br />

Tbe und.ted st.tement,<br />

wblcb started ",lib 'In tbe<br />

name or God tbe mercillal, tbe<br />

comp •• slon.te', did aot s.y<br />

wben or ho", tbe tbree were<br />

seized. 'Tbe eondUloal for<br />

tbelr release .re .n end to Ual-<br />

I.n .Id to lbe Iraqi regime .nd<br />

the wltbdr.wal of ItaUan military<br />

.bl ... from the Gulf,' tile<br />

.stalemeat .d<strong>de</strong>d.<br />

Italy I.. t .....nth <strong>de</strong>el<strong>de</strong>d to<br />

send 'D ellbt-ye •• el ffirce,<br />

whlcb Indud ... three frIp&ea<br />

.nd tIlree mine.weepen, to the<br />

Gulf to e.cort liaJlan _rebut<br />

ship •• t rlsll of beine eaupt<br />

up In tbe .eYen-year contllel<br />

b<strong>et</strong>ween Iran .nd Iraq.<br />

Tbe three-month old lovernment<br />

of U.U.n PrIme Mlnl.ter<br />

GIOY'DnlGorl. b.s been crltlclsed<br />

by opposition p.rtles for<br />

Its <strong>de</strong>cision.<br />

FINANCIAL<br />

'rIMES<br />

15.10.1987<br />

Rome rules<br />

out Kurdish<br />

kidnap <strong>de</strong>al<br />

By John Wyl••<br />

THE POSSIBILITY of wllhdrawing<br />

the Ilalian naval m.ssIOn<br />

from the Gulf in relurn for<br />

the release of lhree Italian engineers<br />

kidnapped by Iraqi<br />

Kurds was firmly ruled out yesterday<br />

by Mr Valerio Zanone,<br />

lhe MInisiel' of Defence.<br />

Spokesmen for lhe pro.lranian<br />

.PatrlOtic Union of Kurdistan,"<br />

which cl,"ms lhal il is<br />

holding lhe men, have formally<br />

linked lheir release 10 wilhdrawal<br />

of lhe eight-vessel ital-<br />

Ian lask force In Ihe Gulf.<br />

Howeyer, a Kurd.sh representallve<br />

Inlervlewed by Italian<br />

~e:evislOil ye.~lt.!,~.JY .;uggeste-d<br />

lhal Ital,an humanitarian aid<br />

for the Kurdish slru~le for in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

from Baghdad .nd<br />

a haillo arms shipmenls 10 Iraq<br />

weT(' lhe real lerms roI' l'reeinll<br />

lh~ englnCl"rs.<br />

MI' Zanone adamantly .mrmed<br />

that only lhe restoration of<br />

secure and free naYill.tion<br />

lhroullh lhe Gulf would trigger<br />

lhe wilhdrawal or the ltaliltD<br />

naY}'.Any premature wilhdraw-<br />

.al would be "a bilter blow to<br />

. weslern solidarity and 10 UN<br />

peace elTorts, 10 say nothin, of<br />

I lhe damalle to our inlernational<br />

•credibility; he said.<br />

I The Italian Goyernment,<br />

:meanwhile, is coming un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

criticism from len-wing opponents<br />

roI' hayinll kepi the kidnappings<br />

a secr<strong>et</strong> until lhey<br />

were reyealed by the Kurds on<br />

Monday. One of the enllineers<br />

was taken l'rom a work sile In<br />

northern Iraq on September 14<br />

FINANCIAL<br />

Turkey to<br />

invite bids<br />

for health<br />

sector plan<br />

By D.vld Barcha,d In Ank.,.<br />

TURKEY is 10 invite interna.<br />

tional consultancy firms to subm.l<br />

bids to prepare a Health<br />

Sector Rehablhlallon Master<br />

Plan for lhe country.<br />

The gov('rnment passed lellislation<br />

lasl May aimed .t upgrading<br />

the country's health .er-<br />

Yices, generally allreed to be lhe<br />

poorest in Europe.<br />

The plan will aim at a<br />

long.lerm strategy to eliminate<br />

inequalities in health statu.<br />

and acce.s to basic services and<br />

<strong>de</strong>sign a Ilealth Deyelopment<br />

Project.<br />

The successful bid<strong>de</strong>r would<br />

be expected to work wilh a local<br />

consultancy company in drawing<br />

up lhe plan.<br />

U is un<strong>de</strong>rstood the plan will<br />

be expected to coyer bolh preyentiye<br />

and curallve medicine<br />

.nd that il will look at environmenial<br />

probl",ms and, other related<br />

issues<br />

The Master~lan appears to be<br />

part of the IIrand str.tegy of MI'<br />

.Turgut Ozal. the Prime Minis-'<br />

tel', for reshapinll Turker's major<br />

<strong>Institut</strong>ions. The Mimstry of<br />

Health is un<strong>de</strong>rstood to be less<br />

than entirely happy wilh the<br />

i<strong>de</strong>a of a health strategy nQ!<br />

prepared un<strong>de</strong>r its auspice •.<br />

It already has a pilot health<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment project un<strong>de</strong>r way<br />

in nine of the country's In proy-<br />

Inces.<br />

'rIMES<br />

28.10.1987<br />

Infant<br />

peclanc)'<br />

morlahl)' and life ('x-.<br />

ligures in Turkey la,<br />

well bdlind lho",<br />

Europe, <strong>de</strong>.


29.10.1987<br />

INTERVIEW WITH FINANCE MINISTER . THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR<br />

Despite war bur<strong>de</strong>n, Iraq's economy picks up as more<br />

oilflows<br />

By David R. Francis<br />

carry 1.5 million b.p.d. to Yanbu on the Red Sea. The<br />

Slaff wnler 0' The Chnslian 5clence Monitor<br />

Saudis had <strong>de</strong>layed giving an okay w the pipeline,<br />

Washington fearing it might provoke Iran. However, when Iranians'<br />

Iranian military pressures on Iraq remain strong. But disrupted the annual Muslim pilg.:image to Mecca,<br />

the financial position of the war-tom nation has im- causing hundreds of <strong>de</strong>aths, the Saudis changed their<br />

proved in the last year, according to MukhaIif Al minds and OK'd the pipeline.<br />

Hadithi, Iraq's new finance minister.<br />

That pipeline, when compl<strong>et</strong>ed in early 1989 at a cost<br />

"I cannot tell you it is easy," said Mr. Al Hadathi in an of about $1 million per kilom<strong>et</strong>er, will pay for itself in a<br />

interview. "But we are doing our best to minimize the few months, Al Hadathi says. A contract has already<br />

cost of this damn war. Our economy is doing fine." been l<strong>et</strong>. When this pipeline is compl<strong>et</strong>e, Iraq wOlÙdhave<br />

What has helped greatly is the compl<strong>et</strong>ion of a pipe- an export capacity of 3.5 million b.p.d., somewhat short<br />

line system str<strong>et</strong>ching from the oil fields near Basra in of its 4 million b.p.d. capacity before its war with Iran<br />

the southeast to the Kirkuk oil fields in the northeast. broke out eight years ago.<br />

From there, an existing, expan<strong>de</strong>d pipeline Al Hadathi maintains that Iraq's oil recan<br />

carry the oil to Ceyhan in Thrkey. -11 serves will prove eventually to be larger<br />

Compl<strong>et</strong>ed JlÙY 29, the new pipeline than those of Saudi Arabia. "We will be<br />

moves 500,000 barrels per day. Iraq's oil reserves staying with Saudi Arabia in the long-run<br />

The American~ucated official says will prove to be export of oil," he says. '<br />

Iraq is now exporting 2.2 million barrels larger than Saudi The finance minister also spoke about<br />

per day. That's a huge increase from the A b' the bold moves by Iraqi Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Saddam<br />

750,000 b.p.d. it managed to export in ra la's, AI Ha- Hussein to revive Iraq's moribund private<br />

1982 after Iran first <strong>de</strong>stroyed and later dathi maintains. sector. Un<strong>de</strong>r Baath Party rule since 1968,<br />

occupied Iraq's Gulf port of Faw. It had Iraq's government has imposed a heavy<br />

been Shipping 3 million b.p.d. from that . TT ~ rf.B~ socialist hand on the economy.<br />

port. Iran also prompted Syria to shut down a 1 million Starting last year, though, the government has sold<br />

b.p.d. pipeline through its territory. '. off dozens of fairly small state enterprises in the agriClÙ-<br />

Iraq, according to the Middle East Economic Survey, tural and service sectors. These inclu<strong>de</strong> POlÙtry fanns,<br />

is actually pumping 2.7 million b.p.d., almost twice the dairies, apiaries, supermark<strong>et</strong>s, gasoline stations, repair<br />

quota of 1.54 million b.p.d. s<strong>et</strong> for it by the Organization shops, and some bus companies.<br />

of P<strong>et</strong>roleum Exporting Countries. Iraq insists that its Al Hadathi says he expects these privatized finns to<br />

quota sholÙd be 2.369 million b.p.d., equaling Iran's be run more efficiently than un<strong>de</strong>r government o"\\'l1er-<br />

OPEC quota. ship. The government especially hopes the shift will<br />

Whatever the actual flow, the additional revenues boost farm output, reducing the need for imported food.<br />

have enableif the economy to work in a smoother way Agriculture still occupies some 30 percent of Iraq's poputhan<br />

before, Al Hadathi says.<br />

lation of some 16 million.<br />

Reports from Iraq say the problems ofa war Ct.'onumy As a result of this effort, the numb{>rof civil serv:


Bericht von einer Reise In ein Land, das es offiziell<br />

nicht geben ~arf<br />

Als im rT'Ühj.a.hr 1987 du ZOf c. in seincr Sendung "Nachhun in [UfClP.a." wagte,<br />

luf die ctwJ. 'l00.000 ArbciBcmi~.1ntcn J.U' dt'f Türkri mit kurdischer NAtion:\li,tJ.t<br />

hint\l\o\!ehcn, h.agrltc u rrolnlc. Türkische TaRf:HritunR:cn ":'Innlcn dcn ncilt:\R uhf'(<br />

die kurdische Kultur "cinc rrO\'Ok31ion und cine nclcidiglln~ <strong>de</strong>r lurkiH:\!t"O N31Îou".<br />

Ankara! Botscha.ftcr \'(:[wahrù' ,ich - wie schon hid anliefen Gclcgrnheilcn - ("ntschie<strong>de</strong>n<br />

~a~cgcn. daß in <strong>de</strong>n west<strong>de</strong>utschen Medien :luf die [.xistenz cin,.s Volkes hingewiesen<br />

wi.Jd, du es in seinem Land seil 1925 oHizicU nicht libt: die Kur<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Der Kemalismus als Sta.atsdoktrin<br />

Der Grund« <strong>de</strong>r türki,chcn Republik;<br />

KcmaJ Atatürk, aur <strong>de</strong>n ,ich rechte wie<br />

"linke" türkische: PuttieR und Politiker<br />

bcruren, hat sdnen Nachrolgern eine lIy.<br />

pOlhek hintalauen, die bis heute rür Innen<br />

• und außenpolitische Unruhe sorgt.<br />

Die Orientierung auf einen "mo<strong>de</strong>rnen Na..<br />

tionalismus" und die Leugnung <strong>de</strong>r mule<br />

tikulturellen Verg.ngenheit <strong>de</strong>. L.n<strong>de</strong>s<br />

ruhrten dazu, d.ß die Türkei il"e Inneren<br />

Wi<strong>de</strong>rspruche immer wie<strong>de</strong>r mit militïri.<br />

.chen Milldn "löHe": Durcit die Liqui.<br />

dierung qes christlichen Elements in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

o.t",utoli.chen Gelell.ch.lt (M.uaker<br />

an <strong>de</strong>n Anneniern). die Vertreibun, <strong>de</strong>r<br />

ITiechischen Min<strong>de</strong>rheit, die KolonISierung<br />

Uer kurdhchcn Gebi<strong>et</strong>e und durch<br />

die massive Verfolgung lind Unlcrdrük.<br />

k.ung jc:du Art von polithcher und kuhu.<br />

relier Opposition im alten <strong>de</strong>. Lan<strong>de</strong> ••,<br />

Dem ehemalig!':n Dür~ermelster von<br />

DiY3flJ3kil, ~'~hdi Z:\na, brachtc scin Dekenntnis'<br />

"Ich bin !toh, Kunic lU sdn"<br />

eine mchrj.lhriRC' Gefingniutrafc dn. De.<br />

rdu vor d(m PutJch <strong>de</strong>r Gener~le im<br />

Sertember 1980 IV" ,eine Arbeit durcit<br />

die Behör<strong>de</strong>n ln Ankara m.uiv behin.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rl wor<strong>de</strong>n: durch <strong>de</strong>n Enuug von Steu.<br />

ennllldn und <strong>de</strong>n Boykott von ,olhlcn<br />

und tcd10iJchen LcistunRen. rnnzösi.<br />

Iche BijrRcnneiJter organisiertcn damals<br />

lU lemer Unter~tUtlunR: die Li<strong>de</strong>rung von<br />

mehreren DUJ5en und einem Generator<br />

fur die StromveBorgung. Ein Bu, lru&<br />

die Parole "Vive le KurdiSl.n" (E, lebe<br />

Kurdill""). Für die Telln.hme .n <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Uberruhrung erhielt Zan. IChl J.hre Ge.<br />

fingni,. N.ch <strong>de</strong>m Putsclt wur<strong>de</strong> er ,el.<br />

nt'J AmtcJ enthoben und inhaftiert, ge.<br />

loltert und sittt troll intern.tionaler Pro-<br />

Itlle heUle, h.lb uub geschl.gen, Im Ge.<br />

fingni. von Diyarb.kir. Ähnlich ging tI<br />

lahlreichen Jdner Kollegen, die ah unab.<br />

hïngige (kurdi.che) K.ndid.ten in öf.<br />

fentliche Am ter gekommtn waren.<br />

Die For<strong>de</strong>rung <strong>de</strong>I ,oli.l<strong>de</strong>moknt\!chen<br />

Ahgeordn<strong>et</strong>en l urgut At.l.y .u, ~irt, du<br />

P:u-tciprogumm <strong>de</strong>r CliP .uch in, Kurdi.<br />

sche lU Gbeu<strong>et</strong>len, ven<strong>et</strong>lte seine Par.<br />

tcifuhrung in helle Aulregung, und .h<br />

lieh du ruttibelirk Diy:ubakir hinler<br />

seine For<strong>de</strong>rung stellle, wur<strong>de</strong> Mille Ju.<br />

ni 87 die aesamte Pa.rteiorsanintion du<br />

BeIlrku .urgelö.t, .<br />

"Stellt eu eh vor, zwei Drittel eurer<br />

Annee wür<strong>de</strong> in Bayem stationiert,<br />

je<strong>de</strong> Stadt wür<strong>de</strong> von <strong>de</strong>r naheliegen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

CUllison beherrscht, je<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Dorf von einem ~chwerbewaffncten<br />

Militärposten. Hoch<strong>de</strong>utsch wür<strong>de</strong><br />

zur alleinigen Sprache in allen }l.mtem<br />

und Dehör<strong>de</strong>n. Der bayerische<br />

Dia.lekt \viiHle verboten, alte Ortsnamen<br />

",ürclen preußifiziert, wer vorher<br />

Xaver o<strong>de</strong>r Sepp hieß, d:trf j<strong>et</strong>zt<br />

zwischen Fritz und Wilhelm wäJ.len.<br />

Renitente Dörfer wür<strong>de</strong>n nach Nie<strong>de</strong>rs.chsen<br />

umgesie<strong>de</strong>lt, auf opposi.<br />

tionelle Gntppen und Personen machte<br />

die GSG 9 J.gd ... eille absur<strong>de</strong><br />

Vorstellung millen in Europa .. aber<br />

bei uns ist sie Realität",<br />

-<br />

. Der kurdhche 1\nt, <strong>de</strong>r mdrrere J3hre<br />

ln rrtiburg studiert h:\ue, k1.i.rte uns bdm<br />

Besuch <strong>de</strong>. At"ürk.Denkm.h vor <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Toren Di)'ub3kirs <strong>de</strong>rart ;tn,ch:a.ulich<br />

Uber die Situation in seinem Land auf und<br />

rïiRtc ein DeifPic:l aus <strong>de</strong>m ~igencn Tälig.<br />

Itc:itsbereich hinlu: "Wenn ich im Kun.<br />

kenhaus mit mein!'n Patienten kurdisch<br />

re<strong>de</strong>, weil sic mich nicht verslehen und<br />

Ich ,ie ,onst nicht beh.ncleln kann, muß<br />

ich mit JUger und Nachteilen rechnen.<br />

Wer hier <strong>et</strong>wits wer<strong>de</strong>n wiJI-z.8. r"ch.<br />

ant - <strong>de</strong>r muß seine kurdische I<strong>de</strong>ntität<br />

vuleugnen, muß schwc:igen, wenn ihm die<br />

Milit~" totkr.nke o<strong>de</strong>r gdolterte p.lientcn<br />

olme Na.mtn cinlidc:m, und fUr die<br />

medizinische Versorgung <strong>de</strong>r L:a.ndbevöl.<br />

kcmng rehlt es an i\nten, Ambulatorien<br />

und aln BUttn Willen <strong>de</strong>r Verantwortlichen".<br />

Kemal Atatürks rorldl ist auch In <strong>de</strong>r<br />

hcimliche.n Ihuptstadt Türkhch.Kurdi.<br />

tlans ulgq~enw:itti~: im Cô\re, in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Bank, im 1I0lel, in allen öf(entlichrn und<br />

vielen privaten G~häu<strong>de</strong>", ab~r <strong>de</strong>r Schein<br />

trügt. im 1I0tel trellen ,iclt Angehörige<br />

<strong>de</strong>r politischen G~fa.nRf'nen; unler cier<br />

Leuchtrekl:une, die die Konturen <strong>de</strong>s.<br />

"roßen Führers'. erkennen ':ißt, fa.n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bit 1980 die grußen Kundgebungen '1311,<br />

heute treHen sich hier bei einem Glu<br />

Tee Oppositionelle, die trolz Repression ~<br />

nicht .ulgegeben It.ben. •<br />

Für die Europler unci die USA ht diese<br />

Gegend geopolitl,ch bleressant", erklär .•<br />

tc uns ein andtrer Ce!pr:i.chspirtner,<br />

"hier wird angeblich d~r freie Westen ver.<br />

teidigl, während .lch die Annee .ul.<br />

führt wie in einem beseIlIen Land. Die<br />

Aktionen <strong>de</strong>r PKK ,iJ,d mehr Folge .Is<br />

Uruche di<strong>de</strong>r ganzen Mi,crt. Für dic<br />

NATO ,lnd uniere Anliegen ein Slörfaktor<br />

und fùr die Türken sind wir unRebil<strong>de</strong>i,<br />

untntntwJckelt und mitunter cben<br />

luch gewalt[jtig". DlInlt beschreibt er<br />

ein gängiges MUller, mlt <strong>de</strong>m alt .uclt<br />

"liberale" tUrki,che Intellektuelle die<br />

Probleme <strong>de</strong>s O.ten •• nalysieren.<br />

.. Wenn wir Kirkuk hätten .....<br />

Ein Dotent ~intr türki!rhtn Univcrsi.<br />

tät halle di«cs MU'ler ln einem G«präclt<br />

um einen interesUinten \lnd vicldiskutie,.<br />

ten Punkt erwellert: "Wir h.hen Ille.,<br />

um in <strong>de</strong>r EG hellel1


oktober/november 1987<br />

ein vergessenes<br />

~ OIk Mißtrauen gegen uns sitzen muß: "Erst wer<strong>de</strong>n<br />

wir aus unserer Heimat vertrieben, dann<br />

nimmt <strong>de</strong>r Irak unser Hab und Gut weg,<br />

schließlich mUssen wir im Iran um unser leben<br />

kämpfen und j<strong>et</strong>zt kommt ihr, und zerstört<br />

noch meine Familie:' In diesen Worten<br />

drückte sich <strong>de</strong>r ganze Schmerz, Verzweiflung<br />

und auch Wut ober das unschuldig er-<br />

Unrecht aus, das offensichtlich Ober<br />

?Iillene<br />

die Familie hereingebrochen war.<br />

• FUr mich <strong>de</strong>r Anlaß, mich einmal mit <strong>de</strong>n<br />

leidvollen HintergrUn<strong>de</strong>n und <strong>de</strong>r Geschichte<br />

<strong>de</strong>s kurdischen Volkes, ihren Verfol.<br />

gungen, ihrer kulturellen, sOIlaien und öko.<br />

nomischen UnterdrOckung auseinan<strong>de</strong>rzus<strong>et</strong>zen,<br />

die so viele Menschen (in <strong>de</strong>r ORO<br />

sind allein 400000 kurdische Männer,<br />

Frauen und Kin<strong>de</strong>r) zwingen, ihr angestammtes<br />

Land aufzugeben und als Asylsuchen<strong>de</strong><br />

bei uns Unterschlupf zu suchen.<br />

Der folgen<strong>de</strong> Artikel soll ein wenig helfen,<br />

das Informations<strong>de</strong>fizit Ober ein "vergessenes"<br />

Volk zu verringern. Er kann nicht die<br />

aktuellen blutigen Auseinan<strong>de</strong>rse~zungen<br />

erklären, er kann lediglich einen groben<br />

Überblick Uber historische und aktuelle Fakten<br />

und die Lage in Kurdistan geben.<br />

Foto: medico international<br />

Schauplatz Kin<strong>de</strong>rklinik: Eine kurdische<br />

Flüchtlingsfamilie aus einem Sam mellager<br />

bringt ilu jüngstes krankes Kirid ins<br />

Krankenhaus. Es ist schwer krank und erbricht<br />

zunehmend. In <strong>de</strong>n folgen<strong>de</strong>n Untersuchungen<br />

stellt sich eine tuberkulöse Meningitis<br />

heraus. Über Wochcn muß das Kind<br />

nun stationär behan<strong>de</strong>lt und so von <strong>de</strong>r Familie<br />

g<strong>et</strong>rennt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Durch die sich<br />

zwangsläufig anschließen<strong>de</strong>n Umgebungstests<br />

wird <strong>de</strong>r größere 5-jährlge Bru<strong>de</strong>r mit<br />

einer Lungentuberkulose "herausgefischt"<br />

20<br />

und muß ebenfalls stationär aufgenommen<br />

werdcn. Wegen <strong>de</strong>r Angst un~ das Leben und<br />

die Gesundheit ihrer Kin<strong>de</strong>r ist es schwer,<br />

insbesondcre <strong>de</strong>m Vater <strong>de</strong>r Familie, unsere<br />

Maßnahmen trotz guter Dolmctscher begreiflich<br />

zu machcn. Über Wochen zieht sich<br />

nun ein fur bci<strong>de</strong> Seiten nervcnaufreibcn<strong>de</strong>s<br />

Tauziehcn um diese Kin<strong>de</strong>r, die schließlich in<br />

dcr Drohung, die Kin<strong>de</strong>r aus <strong>de</strong>m Krankenhaus<br />

zu cntführen, ihren Höhepunkt halle.<br />

In dieser Situation fällt <strong>de</strong>r Satz, <strong>de</strong>r mir Im<br />

nachhinein <strong>de</strong>utlich machte, wie tief das<br />

Zur Vorgeschichte:<br />

Nach <strong>de</strong>m Machtverfall <strong>de</strong>r Kalifen im Vor<strong>de</strong>ren<br />

Orient entstan<strong>de</strong>n im Il. Jahrhun<strong>de</strong>rt<br />

kurdische FürstentUmer. Sie wur<strong>de</strong>n ähnlich<br />

wie in Deutschland im 16. und 17. Jahrhun<strong>de</strong>rt<br />

Zentren kulturellen Lebens und leist<strong>et</strong>en<br />

einen nicht unbe<strong>de</strong>uten<strong>de</strong>n eigenständigen<br />

Beitrag zur islamischen Zivilisation, <strong>de</strong>ren<br />

Auswirkungen sich bis nach Europa bemerkbar<br />

machten. Kurdische Kunst, Dichtungen<br />

und Lie<strong>de</strong>r wur<strong>de</strong>n in <strong>de</strong>r damaligen<br />

westlichen Welt geacht<strong>et</strong>. Allerdings waren<br />

die einzelnen kurdischen Fürstentümer politisch<br />

häufig zu schwach, um sich gegen die<br />

Einverleibung durch mächtige Nachbarn,<br />

wie das osmanische Reich im Westen und das<br />

persische Reich im Osten erfolgreich zu wehren.<br />

Es kam häufig zu blutigen Aufstän<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

insbeson<strong>de</strong>re im 19. Jahrhun<strong>de</strong>rt, die aber<br />

meist nur kurzfristig erfolgreich waren. Es.<br />

entstand zwar eine eigenständige kurdische<br />

Kultur und Sptache, die aber keinen entsprechen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Ausdruck in einem politischen Gebil<strong>de</strong><br />

fand.<br />

Erst in <strong>de</strong>r 2. Hälfte <strong>de</strong>s vorigen Jahrhun<strong>de</strong>rts<br />

begannen vornehmlich Intellektuelle<br />

im Exil, a~geregt durch nationale I<strong>de</strong>en im<br />

Westen, sich über die nationale Frage Kurdistans<br />

Gedanken zu machen. Es wur<strong>de</strong>n poli.<br />

tische und kulturelle Komitees gegründ<strong>et</strong><br />

mit <strong>de</strong>m Ziel, einen Nationalstaat Kurdistans<br />

zu grün<strong>de</strong>n. Allerdings waren die meist<br />

"mo<strong>de</strong>rnen Intellektuellen" <strong>de</strong>r eigentlichen<br />

kurdischen Landbevölkerung, die von<br />

ihren Feudalherren oft als Analphab<strong>et</strong>en gehalten<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>n, meist so entfremd<strong>et</strong>, daß ihre<br />

Organisationen und I<strong>de</strong>en wenl~ Resonanz<br />

fan<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

-)


(suite)<br />

Nur in <strong>de</strong>n Emigrantenkreisen (fast ein<br />

Drittel aller Kur<strong>de</strong>n lebte zu dieser Zeit außerhalb<br />

Kurdistans) gab es zunehmen<strong>de</strong> Aktivitäten<br />

für einen kurdische" Nationalstaat<br />

mit eigener Wirtschaft, Kultur und Sprache.<br />

Diese Aktivitäten fan<strong>de</strong>n weit über die kurdischen<br />

Grenzen hinaus Anerkennung und<br />

Resonanz.<br />

Mit <strong>de</strong>m Eintritt <strong>de</strong>s osmanischen Reiches<br />

in <strong>de</strong>n ersten Weltkrieg wur<strong>de</strong>n diese Aktivitäten<br />

unterbrochen. Das schon vor <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Weltkrieg hochverschuld<strong>et</strong>e, durch soziale<br />

und nationalistische Strömungen geschwächte<br />

osmanische Reich holte sich seine<br />

Soldaten vornehmlich aus kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>en,<br />

um sie dann als Kanonenfutter gegen<br />

die Westmächte, England, Frankreich, Rußland<br />

einzus<strong>et</strong>zen. Fast 700000 Kur<strong>de</strong>n kamen<br />

im ersten Weltkrieg für das osmanische<br />

Reich um. Nach <strong>de</strong>ssen Nie<strong>de</strong>rlage wäre die<br />

Chance für einen kurdischen Nationalstaat<br />

mit einer politischen Vertr<strong>et</strong>ung, kulturellen<br />

Eigenständigkeit und ökonomischen Einheit<br />

möglich gewesen. Sie wur<strong>de</strong> aber von konservativen'kurdischen<br />

Fürsten im Verein mit<br />

<strong>de</strong>n westlichen Siegermächten teils aus ökonomischen,<br />

teils aus strategischen Grün<strong>de</strong>n<br />

verhin<strong>de</strong>rt. Im endgültigen Frie<strong>de</strong>nsvertrag<br />

von Lausanne wur<strong>de</strong> das Schicksal <strong>de</strong>r kurdischen<br />

Nation besiegelt: das 400000 qkm<br />

große Gebi<strong>et</strong> mit 20-25 Mil. Menschen<br />

wur<strong>de</strong> unter 4 Staaten aufg<strong>et</strong>eilt: Türkei,<br />

Irak, Syrien und Iran. Seit<strong>de</strong>m wur<strong>de</strong>n die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n von je<strong>de</strong>m Nationalstaat als rassische<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>rheit diskriminiert und z.T. auch<br />

blutig verfolgt.<br />

Vie Situation in Türkisch-Kurdistan<br />

Nimmt man die <strong>et</strong>wa 12 Mill. Kur<strong>de</strong>n, die<br />

heute in TUrkisch-Kurdistan leben und' die<br />

2-2,5 Mill. Mcnschen, die außerhalb Kurdistans<br />

Icben (die meisten sind in die westlichen<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong>e <strong>de</strong>r Türkei verschleppt), so sind<br />

in <strong>de</strong>r Türkei <strong>et</strong>wa 230/0 <strong>de</strong>r Gesamtbevölkerung<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Trotz<strong>de</strong>m dürfen z.B. Kin<strong>de</strong>r<br />

in <strong>de</strong>r Schule nicht kurdisch sprechen, Texte<br />

in kurdischer Sprache sind verboten, legale<br />

und illegale Kulturvereine wer<strong>de</strong>n brutal zerschlagen<br />

und verfolgt.<br />

Die Analphab<strong>et</strong>enrate ist doppelt so hoch<br />

wie in <strong>de</strong>r Ubrigen TUrkei. Die Infrasruktur<br />

für eine gesundheitliche Versorung <strong>de</strong>r kurdischen<br />

Bevölkerung ist gleich Null. In diesem<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong> wer<strong>de</strong>n fast nur Militärärzte ein<br />

ges<strong>et</strong>zt, die allein fUrdie türkischen Soldaten<br />

und Behör<strong>de</strong>nangehörigen verantwortlich<br />

sind. Kurdische Ärzte wer<strong>de</strong>n an <strong>de</strong>r einzigen<br />

medizinischen Fakultät auf kurdischem<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong> nur im geringen Umfang ausgebild<strong>et</strong>.<br />

Ökonomisch ist das Gebi<strong>et</strong> eines <strong>de</strong>r unterentwickeltsten<br />

in <strong>de</strong>r gesamten Türkei.<br />

DieAgrartechniken haben sich seit <strong>de</strong>m Mittelalter<br />

wenig geän<strong>de</strong>rt. Noch mein aber<br />

spielt die ungleiche Verteilung <strong>de</strong>s Bo<strong>de</strong>ns<br />

rür die Ur.ache <strong>de</strong>r Armut <strong>de</strong>r Devölkeruna<br />

eine RoUe. Etwa 1/6 <strong>de</strong>r Ei&entUm~r besit.<br />

zen 3/4 <strong>de</strong>s Bo<strong>de</strong>ns. während 38 % <strong>de</strong>r Dauern<br />

keine einzige Parzelle besitzen.<br />

Auch im Han<strong>de</strong>l zeichn<strong>et</strong> sich ein Konzentrationsprozeß<br />

zugunsten von wenigen<br />

Großhändlern ab. Der armen Bevölkcrung<br />

bleibt oftmals als einzige Existenlz.grundlage<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Schmuggel, <strong>de</strong>r wie<strong>de</strong>rum Anlaß zu weiteren<br />

Repressalien von seiten <strong>de</strong>r Zentralregierung<br />

ist.<br />

Am schlimmsten für die Bevölkerung ist<br />

aber die in <strong>de</strong>r l<strong>et</strong>zten Jahren zu beobachten<strong>de</strong><br />

Militarisierung <strong>de</strong>s kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>es<br />

und die damit verbun<strong>de</strong>nen direkten blutigenWerfolgungen<br />

<strong>de</strong>r kurdischcn Bevölkerung.<br />

Nach <strong>de</strong>m Militärputsch von 1980<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>n überall neue Polizeistationcn und<br />

Militärposten erricht<strong>et</strong>. Die Zahl <strong>de</strong>r geheimen<br />

Sicherheitskräfte hat sich verdoppell<br />

und die dritte türkische NATO-Armee wur<strong>de</strong><br />

ins Zentrum <strong>de</strong>s türkischen kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>es<br />

verlegt.<br />

Zahlreiche militärische Manöver sollen<br />

die Bevölkerung einschüchtern. Fast 15000<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n sind eingekerkert, allein 4000 befin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sich unter unerträglichen Bedingungen<br />

im Militärgefängnis von Diyarbahir. Es kam<br />

zwar zu mehreren Gefängisrevolten gegen<br />

die unerträglichen Gefängisbedinungen,<br />

aber alle wur<strong>de</strong>n blutig nie<strong>de</strong>rgeschlagen. Es<br />

sind vornehmlich Kur<strong>de</strong>n, die zum"lo<strong>de</strong> verurteilt<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Im Winter 1984 begann dic Militärregie-<br />

_rung in <strong>de</strong>r Türkei die Durchfi.lhrung i1ues<br />

Plan cs, einen 20 km langen Streifen entlang<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Grcnze zum Ir:.k t.LI ':lllvölk::ll1. um dieses<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong> besser kontralIierbar zu machen"<br />

Die Grcnze zum Irak wur<strong>de</strong> herm<strong>et</strong>isch abgeriegelt,<br />

die Bewohncr im Grenzgebi<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>portiert<br />

und Kur<strong>de</strong>n auch jenseits <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Grenze mit irakischer Billigung verfolgt und<br />

<strong>de</strong>ren Dörfer bombardiert. Dies geschah mit<br />

Rücken<strong>de</strong>ckung <strong>de</strong>r Nato und mit Hilfe bun<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>utscher<br />

Waffen. Als kostenlose "Türkeihilfe"<br />

<strong>de</strong>klariert wur<strong>de</strong>n allein 1986 für<br />

130 Mill. Mark von <strong>de</strong>r bun<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>utschen<br />

Waffenindustrie gebaute Hubschrauber, Rolandrak<strong>et</strong>en<br />

und lornadoflugzeuge geliefert.<br />

Diese Waffen fin<strong>de</strong>n ihren hauptsächlichen<br />

Einsatz im östlichen Teil <strong>de</strong>r Türkei, im<br />

kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>. In einer <strong>de</strong>r l<strong>et</strong>zten Offensiven<br />

<strong>de</strong>s türkischen Militärs gingen diese<br />

<strong>et</strong>wa 50 km tief gegen kurdische Dörfer auf<br />

irakischem Gebi<strong>et</strong> vor, und das mit Billigung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Regierung von Bagdad.<br />

Diese blutige Repression von oben find<strong>et</strong><br />

ihre tragische Entsprechung im Terror kleiner<br />

bewaffn<strong>et</strong>er kurdischer Gruppen gegen<br />

die eigene Bevölkerung. Aus Frustration im<br />

Kampf gegen einen übermächtigen Gegner<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n "Vergeltungsschläge" gegen vermeintliche<br />

Kollaborateure in <strong>de</strong>n eigenen<br />

Reihcn ausgeführt. Das kürz-lich geschehene<br />

-)<br />

~l


(suite)<br />

Massaker <strong>de</strong>r kurdischen Guerillagruppê<br />

PKK an wehrlosen kurdischen Stammesangehörigen<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Ömerli im Dorf Pinarcik ist<br />

ein tragischer Höhepunkt. (TAZ vom<br />

25.6.87)<br />

Der Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand gegen die brutale Assimilationspolitik<br />

ist bei einem Großteil <strong>de</strong>r Bevölkerung<br />

eher passiv. Viele müssen versuchen,<br />

sich nach außen anzupassen o<strong>de</strong>r<br />

flüchten ins westliche Ausland, z.B, in die<br />

13un<strong>de</strong>srepublik. Allerdings zirkulieren im<br />

Untergrund trotz <strong>de</strong>r Härte <strong>de</strong>r Repression<br />

politische und literarische Texte in kurdischer<br />

Sprache. Zunehmend ve,öffentlichen<br />

auch kurdische Schriftsteller und Dichtt:r<br />

ihre Werke in kurdischer Sprache. Berühmte<br />

kurdische Künstler und Intellektuelle sind<br />

weit über die türkischen Grenzen hinaus bekannt.<br />

Ihre Werke haben fast immer kurdische<br />

Themen zum Gegenstand. Yasher Kemal<br />

(Romancier), Calit Sitli Thsaric und Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Arif (Dichter), und Yilmaz Güney. (Filmemacher)<br />

sind nur einige Beispiele.<br />

Die Situa~ion in lrakisch-Kurdistan<br />

Die Zahl <strong>de</strong>r irakischen Kur<strong>de</strong>n wird auf 3,1<br />

Mill. geschätzt, das entspricht einer Gesamtbevölkerung<br />

von 28010. Trotz<strong>de</strong>m sind die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n als Min<strong>de</strong>rheit ebenfalls Verfolgungen<br />

ausges<strong>et</strong>zt. Die Ursache dafür liegt in erster<br />

Linie darin, daß die Kur<strong>de</strong>n hier auf einem<br />

<strong>de</strong>r erdölreichsten Gebi<strong>et</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s Lan<strong>de</strong>s<br />

wohnen, Schon 1920 hatten die Briten <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Hintergecianken, sich das Öl im südlichen<br />

Kurdistan zu sichern, und <strong>de</strong>shalb einen kurdischen<br />

Nationalstaat zu verhin<strong>de</strong>rn. Die<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Kur<strong>de</strong>n im Vertrag von Sèvres versprochene<br />

Autonomie wur<strong>de</strong> nachträglich uii'd<br />

endgullia in <strong>de</strong>n Frie<strong>de</strong>nsgesprächen von<br />

Lausanne annulliert. Zwar konnten in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

22<br />

Folgezeit die Kur<strong>de</strong>n ihre Sprache und Kultur<br />

offen erhalten, alle Bemühungen, einen<br />

autonomen Status zu erreichen, scheiterten<br />

jedoch und wur<strong>de</strong>n z.T. blutig unterdrückt.<br />

1975 einigten sich in Aigier auf einer<br />

OPEC-Konferenz <strong>de</strong>r iranische Schah mit<br />

<strong>de</strong>m Irak, die Grenze zwischen iranisch und<br />

irakisch Kurdistan zu schließen, die Übergänge<br />

abzuriegeln und die Kur<strong>de</strong>n nicht<br />

mehr über die Grenze zu lassen. Im Gegenzug<br />

bekam <strong>de</strong>r Iran die Wasserstraße Schattel-Arab<br />

und einige kurdische Dörfer zugesprochen,<br />

später Ausgangspunkt fOr <strong>de</strong>n<br />

grausigen Krieg zwischen Iran und Irak.<br />

Seit <strong>de</strong>m iranisch-irakischen Konflikt ist<br />

die kurdische Bevölkerung beidseits <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Grenzen beson<strong>de</strong>rs in Mitlei<strong>de</strong>nschaft gezogen.<br />

Wie<strong>de</strong>r ist es die Bun<strong>de</strong>srepublik, die<br />

sich durch die Waffenlieferungen an bei<strong>de</strong><br />

kriegsführen<strong>de</strong>n Parteien daran mitschuldig<br />

macht.<br />

In einem neuen Flüchtlingsstrom kommen<br />

aus <strong>de</strong>m Grenzgebi<strong>et</strong> mehr und mehr<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n zu uns. Ihnen bleibt häufig keine an<strong>de</strong>re<br />

Wahl als Europa, da kurdische Flüchtlinge<br />

aus <strong>de</strong>m Irak im Iran und in <strong>de</strong>r Türkei<br />

<strong>de</strong>nselben Verfolgungen ausges<strong>et</strong>zt sind wie<br />

ihre Landsleute in <strong>de</strong>n jeweiligen Län<strong>de</strong>rn.<br />

Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n in Syrien<br />

Man schätzt ihre Zahl auf 825000, das entspricht<br />

<strong>et</strong>wa 11010<strong>de</strong>r Gesamtbevölkerung.<br />

Sie leben hauptsächlich in drei geschlossenen<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong>en <strong>de</strong>s Lan<strong>de</strong>s, si nd aber als eigenständige<br />

Nationalität und kulturelle Gemeinschaft<br />

nicht anerkannt. Seit <strong>de</strong>r Unabhängigkeit<br />

Syriens 1946 bestreit<strong>et</strong> die syrische<br />

Regierung die Existenz <strong>de</strong>r kurdischen<br />

Minorität. Die syrische Regierung versucht<br />

eine Zwangsaulmilleruna und -arablslerung.<br />

So sind <strong>et</strong>wa ,120000 Kur<strong>de</strong>n ganz ohne<br />

Ausweis, d.h. sie sind ohne rechtlichen<br />

, Schutz und können sich nicht frei bewegen.<br />

Dadurch wer<strong>de</strong>n die Kontakte innerhalb<br />

<strong>de</strong>r kurdischen Min<strong>de</strong>rheit erschwert, um so<br />

die Assimilierung!ipolitik <strong>de</strong>r syrischen Regierung<br />

mit zu unterstützen. Außer<strong>de</strong>m weigert<br />

sich Syrien, kurdische Flüchtlinge aus<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Nachbarlän<strong>de</strong>rn aufzunehmen. Es bestehen<br />

Pläne, die kurdische Bevölkerung<br />

längs <strong>de</strong>r türkischen Orenze umzusie<strong>de</strong>ln<br />

und einen arabischen Gürtel zu schaffen, da<br />

man in diesem Gebi<strong>et</strong> Erdöl vermut<strong>et</strong>.<br />

Die Lage <strong>de</strong>r Kur<strong>de</strong>n in<br />

lraniscl,-Kurdistan<br />

Nach <strong>de</strong>r Türkei leben im Iran die meisten<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Mit <strong>et</strong>wa 5,5 Mill. machen sie <strong>et</strong>wa<br />

16010 <strong>de</strong>r Gesamtbevölkerung aus. Seit 30<br />

Jahren ist wie im an<strong>de</strong>ren lèil Kurdistan!i die<br />

Sprache verboten. Die kurdischen Publikationen<br />

stammen alle aus <strong>de</strong>m Irak.<br />

Nur die meist sunnitischen Geistlichen,<br />

die häufig sehr eng mit <strong>de</strong>r Landbevölkerung<br />

leben und an ihrer sozialen Lage teilhaben,<br />

spielen eine progressive soziale Rolle und<br />

halten. da sie oft die einzigen Gebild<strong>et</strong>en<br />

sind, die kulturellen Eigenarten aufrecht<br />

Aber schon <strong>de</strong>r Schah, später die islamische<br />

Republik ers<strong>et</strong>zte diese Geistlichen zunehmend<br />

mit "loyalen" religiösen Führern.<br />

Schulen, falls überhaupt eingericht<strong>et</strong>,<br />

sind miserabel aU!igestatt<strong>et</strong>, gera<strong>de</strong> unter<br />

Frauen ist die Analphab<strong>et</strong>enrate sehr hoch.<br />

Die medizinische Versorgung ist in <strong>de</strong>n kurdischen<br />

Städten ungenügend, die Landbevölkerung<br />

ist praktisch davon aÙ!ige!ichlossen.<br />

Malaria, Thberkulose und Trachome<br />

sind in Gebi<strong>et</strong>en in Iranisch-Kurdistan weit<br />

verbreit<strong>et</strong>. Am wir~schaftlichen Wachstum,<br />

gera<strong>de</strong> durch die Erdölför<strong>de</strong>rung, nimmt<br />

diese Region nicht teil.<br />

Auch im Iran sind die Kur<strong>de</strong>n bluiigen<br />

Verfolgungen ausges<strong>et</strong>zt. Nach <strong>de</strong>r Etablierung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Mac1tt <strong>de</strong>s Schahs wur<strong>de</strong>n kurdische<br />

Führer und Fürsten durch die Zentralregierung<br />

ermord<strong>et</strong>. Es kam zur schizophrenen<br />

Situation, daß zwar die Kur<strong>de</strong>n im Irak<br />

in ihren Autonomiebestrebungen unterstUtzt,<br />

gleichzeitig die iranischen Kur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

diesseits <strong>de</strong>r Grenzen blutig unterdrückt<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>n. Ähnliches wie<strong>de</strong>rholte sich nach<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Etablierung <strong>de</strong>s Khomeini-Regimes.<br />

Der Golfkrieg zwischen Iran und Irak<br />

wur<strong>de</strong> seit 1983 immer mehr in die Gebi<strong>et</strong>e<br />

Kurdistans verlagert. Viele angeJ?lich gegen<br />

irakische Streitkräfte gericht<strong>et</strong>e Offensiven<br />

<strong>de</strong>r iranischen Armee und <strong>de</strong>n "Revolutionswächtern"<br />

haben das Ziel, die kurdische Opposition<br />

ganz abzuwürgen. Das Regime hält<br />

die kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>e in einem quasi militärischen<br />

Belagerungszustand.<br />

B~f1ffn<strong>et</strong>e kurdische Oppositionsgruppen,<br />

insbeson<strong>de</strong>re die KOMALA, versuchen<br />

Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand zu leisten und gleichzeitig politiache<br />

.und aozlale Strukturen zu <strong>et</strong>ablieren.<br />

Dabel'kommt <strong>de</strong>r gesundheitlichen und bi!-<br />

->


(suite)<br />

dungsmllßigen Versorgung eine große Be<strong>de</strong>utung<br />

zu. Innerhalb <strong>de</strong>r Komala haben<br />

Frauen eine <strong>de</strong>utlich bessere Stellung als<br />

sonst in <strong>de</strong>r islamischen Welt. Sie nehmen an<br />

Bildungsprogrammen teil, besitzen die gleichen<br />

Rechte, verrichten dieselbe Arbeit wie<br />

die Mllnner. Sie kämpfen zusammen mit ihnen<br />

als Peschmerga, wie sich die bewaffn<strong>et</strong>en<br />

Wi<strong>de</strong>rstandskämpferInnen nennen.<br />

Kurdische Flüchtlinge in, <strong>de</strong>r BRD<br />

lassen sich grob 3 Gruppen zuordnen:<br />

J. Flüchtlingeaus<strong>de</strong>m türkischen Teil Kurdistans,<br />

die anfänglich noch als sogenannte<br />

Gastarbeiter aus <strong>de</strong>r Türkei aufgenommen<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>n, später dann zunehmend als Asylsuchen<strong>de</strong><br />

zu uns kamen. L<strong>et</strong>ztere sind beson<strong>de</strong>rs<br />

gefährd<strong>et</strong>, in ihre Heimat wie<strong>de</strong>r abgeschoben<br />

und damit erneut Verfolgungen<br />

ausges<strong>et</strong>zt zu wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

2. Flüchtlinge aus <strong>de</strong>m Irak, die zunächst in<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Iran geflUcht<strong>et</strong> waren, aber dort entwe-<br />

-ier vor <strong>de</strong>m Krieg o<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>n zunehmen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Verfolgungen. erneut flüchten müssen und<br />

Westeuropa àls ihre l<strong>et</strong>zte Fluchtburg ansehen.<br />

3. Fliicht/inge aus <strong>de</strong>m iranischen Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand<br />

gecen das Khomeini-Regime.<br />

In verschie<strong>de</strong>nen Städten <strong>de</strong>r BRD haben<br />

sich Kurdistan Komitees / internationale Solidaritäts:tomitees<br />

fUr Kurdistan, gegründ<strong>et</strong>.<br />

Sie haben sich zur Aufgabe ges<strong>et</strong>zt, Kur<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

die hier im Exilleben, zu unterstützen - an<strong>de</strong>rerseits<br />

die Aufrechterhaltung kurdischer.<br />

Traditionen, Kultur und Sprache zu för<strong>de</strong>rn.<br />

Die humanitäre Hilfe fUr Kurdistan ist ihr<br />

wichtigstes Anliegen.<br />

Zur Zeit wer<strong>de</strong>n 3 Projekte vl:rfolgt:<br />

1. Schulbücher für Kurdistan.<br />

Angesichts <strong>de</strong>r nationalen und kulturellen<br />

Unterdrückung <strong>de</strong>r Kur<strong>de</strong>n rufen sie zur Unterstützung<br />

eines Schulbuchprojektes für<br />

Kurdistan al~f. Mit Hilfe von Spen<strong>de</strong>n sollen<br />

Schulbücher für 7- bis 12-jährige Kin<strong>de</strong>r gedruckt<br />

werd!':n,damit sie ihre Muttersprache<br />

schreiben und lesen lernen können. Eine<br />

Auflage <strong>de</strong>s ersten Buches, einer Fibel zum<br />

Erlernen <strong>de</strong>s kurdischen Alphab<strong>et</strong>es, ist inzwischen<br />

fertiggestellt und nach Kurdistan<br />

entsandt.<br />

Spen<strong>de</strong>n auf [las Konto <strong>de</strong>r ESG,<br />

A.J.G.-Veerkamp ..Son<strong>de</strong>rkonto':<br />

Postscheckamt Berlin West 328609-/06,<br />

2. Projekt "medizinische Hilfe für Kurdl.<br />

stan"<br />

Dieses Projekt dient <strong>de</strong>r ständigen)T1edizinischen<br />

Notversorgung vor allem <strong>de</strong>r Zivilbevölkerung<br />

in Kurdistan-Iran. Bei diesem<br />

Projekt wer<strong>de</strong>n die notwendigsten Medikamente<br />

und medizinischen Geräte fUr Kurdistan<br />

organisiert. Eine ausfUhrliche Liste <strong>de</strong>r<br />

.gegenwärtig notwendigen Medikamente, die<br />

nur in großer Anzahlorganisiert wer<strong>de</strong>n sollen,<br />

und medizinischen Geräten liegt vor und<br />

wird auf Wunsch vom Kurdistan- Komitee<br />

Frankfurt zugeschickt.<br />

3. IJrojekl "Soforl-lIi1fe Projekl"<br />

Dieses Projekt ist in erster Linie fUr die Unterstützung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r medizinischen lèams, die<br />

ständig in bes<strong>et</strong>zten Gebi<strong>et</strong>en Kurdistans im<br />

Einsatz sind, vorgesehen. Mit diesem Projekt<br />

sollen in erster Linie Erste-Hilfe-Ruck-'<br />

säcke. beschafft wer<strong>de</strong>n. Diese Rucksäcke<br />

kosten je ca. 1000 DM.<br />

Medico international unterstUtzte die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n in ihrem Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand und <strong>de</strong>m Aufbau<br />

eines Basisgesundheitswesens im Grenzgebi<strong>et</strong><br />

Iran/Irak im l<strong>et</strong>zten Jahr mit 37000<br />

DM.<br />

Weitere Spen<strong>de</strong>n auf das medico<br />

international-Konto /800 Stadtsparkasse<br />

Frankfurt, Stichwort Kurdistan o<strong>de</strong>r<br />

6999-508 Postscheckamt Köln, Stichwort:<br />

Kurdistan<br />

Literaturübersicht:<br />

- Kurdistan und die Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Program Reihe bedrohte<br />

Völker Band 1.2 und 3; Bestellung über Gesellschaft<br />

fUr bedrohte VOlker", Postfach, 3400<br />

GOuingen.<br />

- Kurdistan-Info, herausgegeben von Kurdistan-<br />

Komitees in <strong>de</strong>r BRO, West-Berlin und Österreich.<br />

Bezug über: Kurdislan-lnformationszentrum,<br />

Mainzer landstraße 147,6000 Frankfurt I.<br />

- Amnesty und die Gesellschaft fUr bedrohte<br />

Völker bringen in unregelmäßigen Abstän<strong>de</strong>n Informationen<br />

zu Kurdistan heraus.<br />

Ernst-Ludwig Iskenius, Osnabrück<br />

23


nuovaunità 8/15 ottobre 1987<br />

Tre tecnia dipen<strong>de</strong>nti di diUI;<br />

italiane operanti in Iraq, sono<br />

nelle mani di 8uerri81ieri curdi.<br />

A quello che si sa, la loro sone<br />

è legata alla pennanenza 0 meno<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle navi italiane nel Golfo Persico.<br />

Stando alle informazioni<br />

trasmesse fino a questo momento,<br />

i guerriglieri sarebbero di fe<strong>de</strong><br />

musulmano-sciita, su<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

alleati <strong>de</strong>ll'Iran. È d'obbligo<br />

usare il condizionale visto le modalità<br />

seguite dal Governo nella<br />

gestione <strong>de</strong>ll' llaffare», soprattuno<br />

il silenzio che ha preceduto<br />

la rivelazione <strong>de</strong>i rapimento<br />

che si presta ad una duplice interpr<strong>et</strong>azione:<br />

quella ufficiale<br />

che 10 spiega con la necessità di<br />

favorire la tranattiva pcr il rilascio<br />

oppure, pill precisamente,<br />

per pren<strong>de</strong>re tempo per imbasti.<br />

re una versione meno scomoda.<br />

Comunque sia l'intera questione<br />

si presenta chiaramente<br />

come la prima conseguenza <strong>de</strong>ll'avventura<br />

militare <strong>de</strong>lla «nostra»<br />

marina da guerra nel<br />

Golfo.<br />

Che dire, spremere lacrime<br />

sulla sone <strong>de</strong>i nostri connazionali,<br />

landare dichiarazioni di<br />

condanna sui rapitori che se la<br />

prendono con innocenti lavoratori?<br />

Scomato, ma anche molto<br />

comodo. Non a caso infani<br />

queste prime giornate di commenti<br />

<strong>de</strong>i mass media dividono.'<br />

equameme questo asp<strong>et</strong>to con<br />

l'per il silenzio<br />

governativo. Si ripropone il vecchio<br />

gioch<strong>et</strong>to di un'infonnazione<br />

pubblica che strepita sui<br />

propri diritti per coprire un'informazione<br />

castruita prevalentemente<br />

sulle veline <strong>de</strong>i vari<br />

ministeri.<br />

Allara lralasciamo le consi<strong>de</strong>razioni<br />

moralisliche per affronlare<br />

il noceiolo <strong>de</strong>lla queslione:<br />

la funzione svolta' dalla marina<br />

militare, in panicolare da quella<br />

statunitense, nel Golfo.<br />

La «missione umanitariil» di<br />

pura e semplice prot~zione di al-.<br />

cuni mercantili per «garantÎre il<br />

transita nel Golfo» eliminando<br />

le mine, non 'è ch~ un ricordO.<br />

Al suo pasto abbiamo una missione<br />

che conferma ogni giorno<br />

il volontario coinvolgimenlo di<br />

una gran<strong>de</strong> pOll:nza (gli USA),<br />

ndla guerra che oppone l'Iraq<br />

ali'iraq, Era chiaro sill dail'illlzia<br />

che le ibh:nzioni americane,<br />

al di là uelle dichiarazioni uffi-<br />

,ciali, erano queUe di 'far saltare'<br />

i nervi all'II all, inducendolo<br />

a qualehe passo avventato che<br />

giustificasse l'imervento mi-<br />

Iitare.<br />

Ma i nervi aU'lran non sQno<br />

saltati e quindi ci ha pensato la<br />

US Navy a creare il prece<strong>de</strong>nte.<br />

Oggi la situazione è tale da dar<br />

ragione al;li iraniani quando w-<br />

slengono di essere virlUalmenle<br />

24<br />

Tre tecnici italiani nelle mani <strong>de</strong>i guerriglieri curdi<br />

I<br />

In guerra c;o1i911 USA<br />

in guerra call gli Slati Uniti. III<br />

questo sensa vanna interpn:tati<br />

i rip<strong>et</strong>uti intervo:nti <strong>de</strong>lla Navy a<br />

difesa <strong>de</strong>i terminali p<strong>et</strong>roliferi<br />

utiliu.ati dall'Iraq.<br />

Sono :l"IVenimentiche cre:lno<br />

un obi<strong>et</strong>tivo squilibrio fra i due<br />

conten<strong>de</strong>nti. Da un lato )'Iraq<br />

puà comir.uare a colpire il traffico<br />

p<strong>et</strong>roliferio "ïraniano e dall'allro<br />

l'Iran non è piû in<br />

condizione ài fare altr<strong>et</strong>tanto.<br />

Se si pcnsa poi alla minaccia<br />

costante che le navi americane<br />

costituiscono pel' l'Iran, il quadro<br />

è compl<strong>et</strong>o. !n questo ambito<br />

si ill>eri,ee la missioll":<br />

italiana. Sc a dar prova<br />

di eHicien:.:a affondando qualche<br />

sandalo iraniano, dopodiché<br />

il gioco sarà fatlo, con buona<br />

pace di chi ha eontrabbandato<br />

la spedizione COIDeuna sorta di<br />

missi one urnanrtaria.<br />

A questo punto c'è da augurarsi'<br />

che qualcullo non se ne<br />

esea fuori con il discorso che<br />

non possialllo ritirare le nostre<br />

navi perché non possiarno ce<strong>de</strong>re<br />

ai rieatli. Già illlo5tro paese<br />

è pieno di (lspecialisti» <strong>de</strong>lla «linea<br />

dura» che dimostano poi la<br />

loro umanità ai funerali <strong>de</strong>lle la- -<br />

ro vittime. È tempo che questi<br />

llspecialisti» vengano posti in<br />

condizione di non nuocere, negando<br />

il ruolo guerrafondaio<br />

che l'ltalia sta svolgendo al fian..<br />

co e per conto <strong>de</strong>gli Stati Uniti.<br />

La gU":1ra fra Iran cd Iraq i:<br />

l"la trag~dia ehe puo avcre termine<br />

solo atlrav':lso ('ONU, rib,.ltando<br />

l'uso strumenla!.: eh..:<br />

di qu


P.AB8B SEllA 130ttobre 1987<br />

Tre tecnici italiani rapiti nel Kurdistan da una organi7.7.ö.zionedi partigiani<br />

Ci accusano di collaborare con l'Iraq. Azione diplomatica <strong>de</strong>lla Farnesina<br />

Chiedono:ritirate Ja tlotta<br />

Lottano per l'indipen<strong>de</strong>nza, Komeini Iiaiuta<br />

BEJRUT. Tre tecnici italiani<br />

sono stati rapiti nel nord <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq<br />

da un gruppo dl guerriglieri<br />

curdi che 10Uano pel'<br />

l'indipen<strong>de</strong>nza dal regime di<br />

Bagdad e sono sostenitori di<br />

quello iraniano. Nella rivendicazione<br />

fatta pervenire a<br />

Beirut chiedono che l'Italia<br />

ritiri la flotta dal Golfo l! che<br />

non fornisca più aiuti all'Iraq.<br />

Dei tre italiani, uno, Sel"<br />

gio Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, è da un mese<br />

nelle 101'0mani; gli altri due,<br />

Roberto Diotallevi e Giuseppe<br />

Carrara, sono stati seque.<br />

strati dieci giorni fa. TImini.<br />

stero <strong>de</strong>gli esteri sapeva, ma<br />

ha preferito uno str<strong>et</strong>to riserbo,<br />

tanto che il presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>i<br />

Consiglio Goria ha d<strong>et</strong>to di<br />

avere appreso la noti7.ia da<br />

pochi giornL<br />

• In ultima i servizi<br />

llproblema<br />

<strong>de</strong>l dito<br />

nel vespaio<br />

I1 rapimento <strong>de</strong>i tre<br />

nostri connazionali<br />

è un'ulteriore complicazione,<br />

per noi,nella<br />

vicenda che ci ve<strong>de</strong> presenti<br />

nel Golfo Persico.<br />

Intanto perchè i curdi ci<br />

accusano di dare aiuto<br />

all'kaq, cosa indir<strong>et</strong>tamente<br />

vera dato che ci<br />

opponiamo con la flotta<br />

a possibili attacchi <strong>de</strong>i<br />

pasdaran iraniani (vall'<br />

il d<strong>et</strong>to: i nemici <strong>de</strong>i miel<br />

amici sono miei nemici),<br />

e poi perchè si puà pen-<br />

.sare che i sequestratori<br />

agiscano per conto di Teheran,<br />

più volte minacciosa<br />

contro i paesi con<br />

flotte nel Golfo.<br />

Invece questo popolo<br />

di montanari, da s<strong>et</strong>te a<br />

diciass<strong>et</strong>te milioni di<br />

persone a seconda <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

fonti, il cui territorio è<br />

ora diviso tra Siria, Iran,<br />

Turchia e Iraq, lotta per<br />

l'indipen<strong>de</strong>nza dai tempi<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'impero ottomano e<br />

non va consi<strong>de</strong>rato agli<br />

ordini di nessuno ( an.<br />

che se non si sa nulla <strong>de</strong>i.<br />

l'organizzazione che si è<br />

attribuita il rapimento).<br />

Vero è solo che l'Iraq è il<br />

suo principale oppressore<br />

essendo la maggioran.<br />

za <strong>de</strong>i curdi sottoposta a<br />

quel regime. E che pel'<br />

Komeini vale l'opposto<br />

<strong>de</strong>l d<strong>et</strong>to già citato ( in<br />

questo caso: i nemci <strong>de</strong>i<br />

miei nemici sono miei<br />

amici) per cui aiuta i<br />

curdi armandoli e assistendolL<br />

ln un episodio prece<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

di rapimento di un<br />

italiano ci vollero parecchi<br />

mesi pel' ottenerne la<br />

liberazione. Nessllno<br />

puà dire quanto occorrerrà<br />

questa volta e<br />

nemmeno se non ci saranno<br />

complicazioni.<br />

Chi m<strong>et</strong>te il dito in un vespaio<br />

come il Golfo non<br />

puà sapere in quali con.<br />

dizioni 10 ritirerà, nè da<br />

che parte arriveranno le<br />

vespe, nè quando sm<strong>et</strong>teranno<br />

di pungerlo.<br />

sir<br />

l tre nostri tecnici rapiti dai guerriglieri in Iraq nel norne di Khomeini<br />

•<br />

turn CUIÙo all'!<br />

Beirut<br />

((Non dov<strong>et</strong>e<br />

aiutare<br />

più il regime<br />

di Bagdad))<br />

nostro servlzlo<br />

BEIRUT. Tre 0 quattro italiani<br />

sono stati rapiti da un<br />

gruppo curdo nella palte s<strong>et</strong>tentrionale<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq, a. un<br />

centinaio di chilom<strong>et</strong>ri a<br />

nord di Bagdad. La notizia è<br />

stata data nel tarda pomeriggio<br />

di ieri dalla se<strong>de</strong> libanese<br />

di un'agenzia di stampa internazionale;<br />

poco prima, un<br />

postino anonimo aveV3 recapitato<br />

una l<strong>et</strong>tera al responsabile<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'ufficio nella quale,<br />

altre all'informazione, si lanciava<br />

anche un ultimatum:<br />

.«Rilasceremo gli italiani soio<br />

dopa che ilgoverno di Roma.<br />

avrà cessatogli aiuti a Sad-.<br />

dam Hussein e avrà ritirato<br />

le navi militari impegnate<br />

nel Golfo». La l<strong>et</strong>tera è stata<br />

firmata dalI'«Unione nazionale<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan iracheno.>,un<br />

gruppo di recente formazione<br />

che si oppone al ri>çime<br />

di Bagdad.<br />

NeUe mani <strong>de</strong>i guerrigliel'i<br />

.cUl'disi trovano Sergio Cominelti,<br />

Roberto Diotallevi e<br />

Giuseppe Carrara. II prim ...<br />

secondo una ricostruzione<br />

<strong>de</strong>I fatti non an cora rlefiniti.<br />

va ma attendibile. è SUIO s\'.<br />

lluestrato a m<strong>et</strong>à s<strong>et</strong>tembre<br />

nei pressi di MossuJ. Gli altn<br />

due sono stali invece ('alturati<br />

venerdi 2 ottobre dal cam.<br />

po di Bajji dove la Gie (Gruppo<br />

industrie el<strong>et</strong>tromeccaniche)<br />

ha appena ultimato, sulla<br />

base di una commessa <strong>de</strong>i<br />

1980,una centrale termoel<strong>et</strong>trica<br />

di sei gruppi da 220 megawatt.<br />

La centrale è ancora coperta<br />

da garanzia, ed è quindi<br />

assistita da un ristr<strong>et</strong>to numero<br />

di tecnici, tra i quali i<br />

due fatti prigionieri. DiotalIevi,<br />

ingegnere, 47 anni, è il responsabile<br />

meccanico <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

centrale; vive a Gallarate e<br />

opera in Iraq da oltre quattro<br />

anni. Carrara, perito mdu-'<br />

striale, 32 anni. di Bergamo,<br />

si occupa <strong>de</strong>gli strumenti e<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'attrezzatura necessari<br />

alI'impianto. Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, di<br />

Milano, è un dipen<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l.<br />

la Sae (Soci<strong>et</strong>à anonima el<strong>et</strong>.<br />

triticazione). Seconda la Reu.<br />

tel', nella l<strong>et</strong>tera _. scritta in<br />

arabo - figurerebbe anche<br />

un quarto nome, ma su questa<br />

punto finora non c'è stata<br />

nessuna conferma.<br />

Contrastanti anche le in-'<br />

formazioni sull'«Unione nazionale<br />

<strong>de</strong>I Kurdistan irache-'<br />

no": a Beirut c'è chi sostiene<br />

che si tratterebbe di un gruppo<br />

di recente formazione legato<br />

agH iraniani. Tra i curdi.<br />

il regime di Teheran è<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rato un a vversario da<br />

battere. tant'è che nel s<strong>et</strong>tore<br />

iraniano <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan le<br />

truppe <strong>de</strong>gli ayatollah han no<br />

compiuto numerosi massacri.<br />

spesso in alleanza con 1.<br />

turchi. Ma la lunga guerra<br />

con l'Iraq ha d<strong>et</strong>erminato la.<br />

nascita di organizzazioni mi"<br />

nori al di quà e al di là <strong>de</strong>lla;<br />

frontiera, spesso con 10scopo.<br />

di creare problemi ai governi<br />

centrali. indipen<strong>de</strong>ntemente<br />

dalla causa autonomista. L'l.:<br />

raq ha tentato con i curdi la'.<br />

via <strong>de</strong>lla regione autonoma.<br />

ma senza tropP


fi<br />

P.ABSB SI1BA<br />

servizio<br />

Roma<br />

La Farnesina<br />

ha taciuto<br />

Goria e Zanone<br />

non sapevano<br />

ROMA. Aila Farnesina sape.<br />

vano. Da oltre un mese, al mi.<br />

nistero <strong>de</strong>gli Esteri, si lavora<br />

in gran segr<strong>et</strong>o sw rapimento<br />

<strong>de</strong>l tecnico milanese Sel"<br />

gio Comin<strong>et</strong>ti,sequestrato a<br />

Mossw nel nord <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq .<br />

Un lavoro difficile, di indagine<br />

e di mediazione, reso an.<br />

cora più angoseioso, mereo.<br />

ledi sera, dalla notizia <strong>de</strong>I sequestro<br />

di altri due italiani,<br />

Roberto Diotallevi e Giuseppe<br />

Carrara. Da ieri pomerig.<br />

gio, dopo la ditfusione <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

notizie e dopo l'wtimatum<br />

<strong>de</strong>i terroristi, la situazione è<br />

radicalmente cambiata. Sono<br />

stati informati in gran fr<strong>et</strong>ta<br />

il presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>I consiglio<br />

Giovanni Goria e anche il mi.<br />

nistro <strong>de</strong>lla Difesa Valerio<br />

Zanone, chiamato dir<strong>et</strong>ta.<br />

mente in causa dalla richiesta,<br />

attribuita ai curdi, di interrompere<br />

la missione <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Marina nel Golfo.<br />

Ed è stato un pomeriggio di<br />

tensione e di scambi fren<strong>et</strong>ici<br />

di telefonate. non sempre di<br />

I Unpopolo<br />

I senza stato<br />

Dall'80<br />

Iraq<br />

elran<br />

Ji usano<br />

per<br />

la loro<br />

guerra<br />

Dei curdi si parla periodica.<br />

mente dall'inizio <strong>de</strong>l secolo,<br />

ma ogni volta, passata la fa.<br />

se più drammatica <strong>de</strong>gli epi.<br />

sodi di cui sono protagonisti,<br />

la loro condizione viene<br />

dimenticata. Sono un popo-<br />

10 indoeuropeo, nella maggioranza<br />

convertito all'Islam,<br />

insediato in una zona<br />

importantissima pel' le sue<br />

riserve naturali: p<strong>et</strong>rolio<br />

nella regione di Kirkuk e<br />

Sweimania (Iraq) e nell'Anatolia<br />

orientale (Turchia);<br />

26<br />

tono disteso, tra i vari âdd<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

ai lavori. Zanone è piombato<br />

subito dopo pranzo, nel suo<br />

ufficio di ministro in via XX<br />

s<strong>et</strong>tembre, convocando tutto<br />

il suo staff di alti umciali e.<br />

probabilmente anche ire.<br />

sponsabili <strong>de</strong>i servizi segr<strong>et</strong>i<br />

militari <strong>de</strong>I Sismi. Ail'esterno<br />

nessuna dichiarazione<br />

ufficiale. Di certo c'è che Zao<br />

none ha chiesto di saperne di<br />

più e che ha sentito anche il<br />

capo di Stato Maggiore <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Marina. l'ammiraglio Giasone<br />

Piccioni. Pel' il momento,<br />

le navi non si toccano, avrebbe<br />

assicurato il ministro. C'è<br />

ancora da valutare la veridi.<br />

cità <strong>de</strong>ll'wtimatum.<br />

Particolannente indisp<strong>et</strong>.<br />

tito Pf'r il silenzio <strong>de</strong>lla Far.<br />

nesina, anche il presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Consiglio Giovanni Geria,<br />

coIto di sorpresa, ieri pomeriggio<br />

a Montecitorio, dal~le<br />

doman<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>i giornalisti.<br />

«Sapevamo - ha rispostOi<br />

Goria -- di nostri connazio--<br />

nali che da cinQue ltiorni non<br />

rame, oro, argenta e uranio,<br />

i cui giacimenti non sono<br />

ancora sfruttati. Ma i curoi<br />

non hanno mai avuto un 10-<br />

ro stato, nonostante la promessa<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle grandi potenze,<br />

ed in particolare <strong>de</strong>lla Gran<br />

Br<strong>et</strong>agna, di creare un Kur.<br />

distan indipen<strong>de</strong>nte (Trat.<br />

tato di Sanremo, 1920).<br />

Eppure sono milioni: s<strong>et</strong>te<br />

secondo le statistiche <strong>de</strong>i<br />

singoli paesi ostili al nazionalismo<br />

curdo, 17 secondo<br />

le affermazioni <strong>de</strong>i curdi.<br />

Il «problema curdo» ri.<br />

guarda oggi la Turchia, l'Iran,<br />

l'Iraq e la Siria, anche<br />

se gruppi minori esistono in<br />

Urss e Libano_ Il paese nel<br />

quall' la ioro latta per l'indi.<br />

pen<strong>de</strong>nza si è trasformata<br />

in vera e propria guerra è<br />

l'Iraq, dove - a partire <strong>de</strong>l<br />

1970 - hanna ottenuto Ie<br />

m:,ggiori l'oncpssioni. dalla<br />

legge sul riconoscimento<br />

<strong>de</strong>l carattere binazionale<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq all'utTIcializzazio.<br />

ne <strong>de</strong>lla lingLI


"<br />

ILTEM.PO<br />

13 ottobre 1987<br />

Tre tecnici italiani sana stati sequestrati in Iraq da guerriglieri kurdi legati a Teheran<br />

Ricatto per le nostre navi<br />

I rapitori pr<strong>et</strong>endono ilritiro'<strong>de</strong>lla flotta dal Golfo Persico<br />

-------------- cita <strong>de</strong>lle flotte dl consentire gmfica che la posslbilita dl tria <strong>de</strong>lle flotte occl<strong>de</strong>ntali.<br />

la libertà dl navlgazlone infllggere colpl ai nostri Ma blsogna convenlre che<br />

lungo Il' rotte <strong>de</strong>l p<strong>et</strong>rollo e connazionali all'estero sono non he,nno torto coloro I<br />

Rischia diffusa<br />

altre quel mare<br />

di PAOLO CACACE -<br />

CI ERAVAMO abituati Il triphce rapimento, c'è<br />

a segulre quotldi:-..namente,<br />

con pazlenza to a rlnlocolare Ie polemiehe<br />

da esserne sicuri, è <strong>de</strong>stina-<br />

certosina, i movlmenti <strong>de</strong>lta interne sull'opponunità di<br />

nostra piccola flotta nelle inviare la flotta e aumenterà<br />

il numero dl coloro che<br />

acque tempestose <strong>de</strong>i Gollo<br />

ed avevamo accolto con un chie<strong>de</strong>ranno a. gran voce Il<br />

grosso sospiro di sollievo Il rItorno antlclpato In pa.trla.<br />

passaggio <strong>de</strong>lle lregate e<strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>l nostri marinai.<br />

mercantile lungo 10 Str<strong>et</strong>to Ma in questo momento, l'<br />

dl Hormuz, nella marcia di tnterrogativo cruciale non è<br />

ri torno verso il Mare di tanto quello di optare 0<br />

Oman. Giusto Il tempo di meno per una -Unea <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

raUegrarci per essere sf uggitl<br />

miracolosamente aUa battaglia<br />

tra i-marines. e i<br />

.pasdaran. iraniani nei<br />

pressi neU'isola di Farsi, ai<br />

missili sparati dai .Mirage.<br />

di Badgad. Ed eccoci ripiombare<br />

neU'incerteZ1.l\, neU'apprensione,<br />

pel' il rapimento<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tre tecnici italiam nel<br />

Kurdistan iracheno; pCI' la<br />

lolle richlesta <strong>de</strong>i sequcotra-<br />

!.ot!


ILTEM.PO<br />

DAL NOSTRO INVIATO<br />

DUBAI ..:..Ricatto all'Italia,<br />

neUo stile <strong>de</strong>lla Jihad isla-,<br />

mica, gestito materialmen-<br />

,'te, a quanto pare, dal kurdi<br />

, nemlcl di Bagdad. Tre tec-'<br />

nici ltallani sono stati rapiti.<br />

ln due distinti episodi ,il'<br />

primo verso la m<strong>et</strong>a di s<strong>et</strong>-<br />

, tembre, ilsecondo dieci giorni<br />

fa) nell'Iraq s<strong>et</strong>tentrionale<br />

da una sedicente -Unione<br />

Nazlonale <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan<br />

lracheno-. Le condizioni pel'<br />

la IIberazione, recapitate a<br />

Beirut, sono pesanti: ritiro<br />

<strong>de</strong>!\e nostre navi dal Golfo, e<br />

fine <strong>de</strong>ll'aiuto italiano aire- '<br />

: gime di Bagdad.<br />

I nostri tre connazionali,<br />

Sergio Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, Giuseppe<br />

Carrara e Roberto Diotallevi.<br />

erano impegnati nella<br />

costruzione di impianti<br />

idroel<strong>et</strong>trici appaltati ad<br />

Goria: discutiamo<br />

se regolaregli scioperi,<br />

ROMA - TI Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>i cOnsiglio Gorta<br />

vuole conoscere l'opinione <strong>de</strong>gll altrl ministrl<br />

In merlto al problema relatlvo alla disclpllnsi<strong>de</strong>l<br />

dlrltto dl sclopero -da confr.ontare'<br />

Insteme, ,per <strong>de</strong>flnire una poslzione di,<br />

Govemo chiara ed unlvOC&». '<br />

~'ln1Zlatlva di Goria è partita ln Seguito<br />

alla l<strong>et</strong>tera Invlatagll da Giorgio Benvenuto,<br />

nella "quale Il lea<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>lla UU chle<strong>de</strong>, a<br />

tutéla <strong>de</strong>I diritti dl mUlonl di clttadini, che<br />

slano resl efficacl eerga orones- con legge i<br />

codlci dl autoregolamentazlone <strong>de</strong>I dlrltto di<br />

:sclopero -pel' ricomporre la frattura che da<br />

: tempo 3i va creando tra dirlttl <strong>de</strong>i clttadlni<br />

ie iniziat!ve di lotta lncontroUate ,di s<strong>et</strong>tol'l<br />

di lavoro-. La Uil è cosi <strong>de</strong>cisa nel suo atteg-<br />

: glamento da scrivere a Gorta che, se non vi<br />

,saranno lniziative parlamentari 0 governat1ve,<br />

sarà 10 stesso sindacato a provve<strong>de</strong>re<br />

facendosi promotore dl una racc:olta di firme<br />

pel' una legge di inizla,tlva popolare che<br />

, tenda a quest! obl<strong>et</strong>tlvi.<br />

NeUa l<strong>et</strong>tera Invlata al suol coUeghi dl<br />

Governo, \I presI<strong>de</strong>nte Gorla fa presente<br />

come .non puo sfugglre che la questlone <strong>de</strong>l<br />

, diritto di sclopero <strong>de</strong>ve trovare una trattaz10ne<br />

tutta partlcolare nel caso hl cul, come<br />

nel Servizi pubbllc~ a soffrire le conseguen-'<br />

ze <strong>de</strong>U'agitazione non è la controparte ovve-'<br />

ro l'organlsmo gestore <strong>de</strong>i servizi ma piuttosto<br />

l'utenza, cioé I cittadinl •.<br />

E' vero che illegislatore di questo problema<br />

se ne è già occupato, nota Goria nelia<br />

sua l<strong>et</strong>tera, come


SUITE<br />

ILTEM.PO servizio<br />

I no.striconnazionali rapiti dai gueniglieri in due distinti episodi, la rivendicazione a Beirut<br />

Tre italiani sequestrati nel Kurdistan<br />

I rapitori fùo-iraniani:


Unità 13 ottobre 1987<br />

GOLfO PERSICO<br />

. ..,<br />

Un eomunicato di una fazione te~oristica filoÎraniana ehe opera in Irak<br />

annuncia i sequestri. Il govemo eonferma ma non ere<strong>de</strong> alla riehiesta<br />

«Abbiamo rapito. tre. itaÎîânÏ»<br />

Rieatio di un. gruppo curdo: «Ritirate lè navi»<br />

La guerra Iran-Irak ora coinvolge il nostro paese<br />

anche su un altro fronte: tre tecnici italiani sono<br />

stati rapiti nella regione nord <strong>de</strong>ll'Irak da ribelli<br />

curdi filo-iraniani. Per la loro Iiberazione si chie<strong>de</strong><br />

il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lle navi italiane dal Golfo Persico. È un<br />

atto di terrorismo drammatico, dai contomi oscuri<br />

e che introduce un nuovo elemento di complicazione<br />

nella crisi <strong>de</strong>l Golfo.<br />

OAl NOSTRO INVlATO<br />

GIANCARLO LANNUTTI<br />

_ DUBAI. l'annuncio <strong>de</strong>l<br />

sequestro di tre tecnici italiani<br />

è stato dif/uso, altraverso un<br />

comunicato daltiloscritto in<br />

Arabo lalto pervenire a un'agenzia<br />

di stampa slraniera a<br />

Beirut, da un gruppo di non<br />

chiara mallfce che si <strong>de</strong>finisce<br />

.Unione nazionale <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan<br />

irakeno •. 11sequestro, vi<br />

si af/erma, è stato compiuto<br />

come .protesta per l'aiulo ila.<br />

liano al regime irakeno e per<br />

la presenza mililare ilaliana<br />

nelle acque <strong>de</strong>l Gollo.. Pertanto<br />

le condizioni per il rilascia<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli ostaggi sono .la fine<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'aiulo Italiano al regime<br />

gio Cominelti, Giuseppe Carrara<br />

e Roberto Diolallevi, appartenenti<br />

alla soci<strong>et</strong>à Esa,<br />

collegata alla Saipem. I sequeslratori<br />

non dicono dove e<br />

quando han no rapito i tecnici.<br />

.Ma da Roma la Famesina precisa<br />

che si Iratta di due dislinti<br />

episodi awenuti il 15 s<strong>et</strong>tembre<br />

a Mossul, nella regione<br />

, pelrolifera .curda <strong>de</strong>lllrak, e<br />

una dccina di giomi la in una<br />

locaIità imprecisata; nel primo<br />

episodio è stato seque-<br />

30<br />

strato Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, nel secondo<br />

gli allri due.<br />

. la drammalica viccnda rischia<br />

e il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lle navi mine<br />

di introdur:-e la questio-<br />

curda Ira gli elementi chia-<br />

irakeno<br />

litari italiane <strong>de</strong>l Gollo>. Il documento<br />

inizia con l'invocazione:<br />

.Nel nome di Dio clemente<br />

e misericordioso>.<br />

I Ire tecnid rapiti sono Ser:<br />

Ḻ<br />

NelVi saldi<br />

e pru<strong>de</strong>nza<br />

ENZO ROGGI<br />

a preoccupazione con cui gli italiani han no se.<br />

guito fin dal primo momento la missione navale<br />

nel Golfo, mitigata dalle immagini e dalle noti.<br />

zie sulla tranquilla navigazione <strong>de</strong>lle nostre uni.<br />

tà, si è ieri improwisamente riaccesa con l'annuncio<br />

<strong>de</strong>i sequestri di noslri connazionali in<br />

territorio irakeno. Ci senliamo tulti più coinvolti<br />

e of/esi, proprio perchè la barbarica pralica <strong>de</strong>i<br />

sequestri non ci aveva mai toccato, ed in ciô<br />

avevamo sempre visto una conlerma ad un at.<br />

leggiamento pru<strong>de</strong>nle, costrultivo. paziente<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Italia nell'area <strong>de</strong>lla turbolenza. Più coin.<br />

volti, appunto. Questo è il dato di lalto. E non<br />

vogliamo, in questo tnomento cosi incerto e<br />

solto l'impulso <strong>de</strong>ll'emozione, andare oltre a un<br />

interrogativo semplice e, pensiamo. dif/uso: lurono<br />

calcolali tutti irischi? Sarà inevitabile, cer.<br />

tamente, ritornare sugli aspelti generali <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

<strong>de</strong>cisione di inviare la squadra navale laggiù.<br />

ara conlano altre doman<strong>de</strong>. incombono altre<br />

preoccupazioni.<br />

C,'è anzituho il mistero di una 'sequenza di<br />

sequeslri durata un mese di cui, pero, l'opinione<br />

pubblica italiana viene inlormata solo a seguilo<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla rivelazione da parte <strong>de</strong>i sequestrateri. la<br />

Famesina precisa che il primo episodio risalc a<br />

m<strong>et</strong>à sellembre. È da supporre che il riserbo sia<br />

dOVUlo all'intenzione <strong>de</strong>i govemo di non corn.<br />

promelIere i tentativl di salvare i prigionleri. Puô'<br />

anche darsi che vi siano state dillicoltà per chia.<br />

eANKARA<br />

ve <strong>de</strong>lla cri si <strong>de</strong>l Gollo Persico,<br />

con lutte le conseguenze<br />

che ciô compona. Nelle regioni<br />

cur<strong>de</strong> a cavallo <strong>de</strong>l conline<br />

Iran-Irak é già in corso da<br />

anni Ulla guerra spi<strong>et</strong>ata e a<br />

più (acce: una parte <strong>de</strong>i curdi<br />

irakeni ostili al regime di Saddam<br />

Hussein collabora apertamente<br />

con le lorze armale<br />

iraniane, che occupano porzioni<br />

di territorio al di qua <strong>de</strong>i<br />

confine (lanto che le azioni di<br />

quesli gruppi sono incluse nei<br />

boll<strong>et</strong>tini di guerra di Teheran);<br />

mentre i curdi iraniani<br />

combattono contro il regime<br />

di Khomeini e dispongono di<br />

basi arroccate in un'impervia<br />

zona di monlagna sul confine,<br />

dove sono strumentalmente'<br />

.tollerati. dall'lrak. È una<br />

guerra triangolare e intricata<br />

di cui si parla molto poco ma<br />

che impone un elevato tribulo<br />

di sangue. ara il drammalico<br />

episodio <strong>de</strong>i lecnid italiani in'<br />

troduce per la prima volta un<br />

collegamenlo dirello Ira questa<br />

gucrra e la crisi, ormai di<br />

dimensioni inlernazionali, nel<br />

Goigo Persico. Un dalo che<br />

ren<strong>de</strong> tutto più difficile.<br />

Goria al Quirinale .<br />

poIConvoca<br />

il gruppo di crisi<br />

-----=..:--- ==-<br />

""""";r; ~.,~~)~ ~'1'. '.s: ,I<br />

La loulità di Mosul, dove è awenuto il primo sequestro<br />

rire il significato <strong>de</strong>i sequestri. come plIO dars.<br />

che abbiano giocalo anche' preoccupazionl di<br />

pclilica interna, nel luoco <strong>de</strong>lle polemiche e<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle contraddizioni altorno alla <strong>de</strong>cisione di<br />

mandare navi. Ma perché il gabin<strong>et</strong>to di crisi è<br />

stalo convocato solo dopo il messaggio <strong>de</strong>i sequestratori?<br />

C'è stata, prima, una gestione discrezionale<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla vicenda? Si pensa che l'episodio<br />

non appartenga alla polilica ma alla cronaca<br />

nera? In queslo caso, in base a quali elemen.<br />

ti? Se ci sono è giusto conoscerli.<br />

C'è poi il mistero di chi siano realmente gli autori<br />

<strong>de</strong>i ricatlo. In una situazione come quella irakena<br />

non è davvero impossibile lanciare elichelte<br />

false. Si tratla di opposilori curdi, 0 di altri che<br />

1I .ne assumono il nome? È un'inizialiva inlerna 0<br />

un colpo di mana di iraniani camullali? l'inlerrogativo<br />

è rilevante perché, ovviamente, riman.<br />

da alla individuazione di quella che dovrebbe<br />

essere la conlroparte con cui, eventualmenIe,<br />

trattare (0 non trattare) direllamente 0 atlraver.<br />

so mediatori. Ed è anche intprrogativo rilevanle<br />

sotto l'asp<strong>et</strong>lo politico, poiché ci dà il segno di<br />

una siluazione estremamenle intrigata nella<br />

quale evi<strong>de</strong>ntemente non basla una verbale di.<br />

chiarazione di .neulralità. <strong>de</strong>ll'ltalia per evitare<br />

il coinvolgimenlo in rischi. Perlino nel caso che<br />

si tratti di puro banditismo comune, si avrebbe<br />

egualmenle la prova di un ginepraio nel quale è<br />

bene non avventurarsi improwidamenle.<br />

Quel che si puô dire, in queste circostanze, è<br />

che occorrono nervi saldi e pru<strong>de</strong>nza: e non<br />

solo nella .gestione. <strong>de</strong>i caso ma anche nei<br />

riguardi <strong>de</strong>ll'opinione pubblica ..Si slia bene attenti<br />

a non ca<strong>de</strong>re in suggestioni muscolari, per.<br />

ché allora sarebbe inevitabile ricordare che è<br />

proprio per ragioni di poli/ica interna che si è<br />

<strong>de</strong>ciso di imbarcarsi in quella che De Mita ha<br />

<strong>de</strong>finito un'awenlura.<br />

IRAN<br />

-)<br />

I


..<br />

rUnità servizio<br />

n comunicato a Beirut La Farnesina conferma<br />

Un gruppo curdo rivendica Il primo rapimento risale<br />

«Abbiamo tre italiani, a m<strong>et</strong>à s<strong>et</strong>tembre<br />

andatevene dat Golfo)) ma si era tenuto il segr<strong>et</strong>o<br />

Già da un mese un italiano<br />

nelle Mani <strong>de</strong>i rapitori<br />

È ormai chiaro che per i tre tecnici italiani sequestrati<br />

presso Mossul, nell'Irak s<strong>et</strong>tentrionale, da un<br />

preslJnto gruppo kurdo filoiraniano, è cominciato<br />

un vero e proprio dramma. Roberto Diotallevi, Sergio<br />

Cominelli e Giuseppe Carrara sono stati infatti<br />

rapiti per «punire» la .presenza militare italiana nel<br />

Golfo Persico» e per l'aiuto .dato al regime irakeno».<br />

/I nostro governo ha iniziato le trattative.<br />

Chi sono<br />

I curdl?<br />

«GIi orfanl<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'unlverso))<br />

WLADIMIRO<br />

_ ROMA. Ombre fasche<br />

sulla presenza ilaliana nel Gal.<br />

10 Persico, paura e preoccu.<br />

pazione per la sorte <strong>de</strong>i Ire<br />

tecnici italiani rapiti da un pre.<br />

sunto gruppo kurdo 1iI0irania.<br />

no che ha rivendicato l'azione<br />

a Beirut. -Abbiamo in mana<br />

SergIo ComineUi, Giuseppe<br />

Carrara eRoberto Diotallevi -<br />

questa il succo <strong>de</strong>lla rivendi.<br />

cazione faua giungere alle<br />

agenzie di stampa - e la no.<br />

stra è una protp,;la ('ontra<br />

l'aiuto al regime iracheno e la<br />

presenza mllitare italiana nel-<br />

Ie acque <strong>de</strong>l Golfo •. Il messag.<br />

g'o. scriuo in arabo, era stalo<br />

falto recapitare, poco dopo le<br />

ore 15. e subito la notizia era<br />

rimbalzata in Italia. Per are, i<br />

giomalistl, avevano cercato di<br />

sapere dal ministero <strong>de</strong>gli<br />

Esteri se la notizia <strong>de</strong>i sequestra,<br />

awenuto nell'Irak seUen-,<br />

trianale, era vera 0 se si tralla.<br />

va solo dl voci 0 magari di un<br />

errore di persone. A lungo, in:<br />

SETTIMEW<br />

fatti, erano slati falli circolare<br />

nomi che non erano ,affauo<br />

ilaliani. Sempre voci non con.<br />

fermate affermavano che si<br />

trauava, comunqùe, di di pen.<br />

<strong>de</strong>nti <strong>de</strong>lla -Saipem. (Eni), ma<br />

solo in serata arrivavano i<br />

chiarimenli ufliciali, con una<br />

nota <strong>de</strong>lla Famesina nella<br />

quale si confermava il rapi.<br />

menta in ques!i termini: -In<br />

merito alle no!izie di agenzia<br />

riguardanli il rapimento dl tre<br />

tecnici italiani in Irak, si preci.<br />

sa che Ire dipen<strong>de</strong>nti di dIlle<br />

italiane operan!i in quel paese<br />

- a seguito di due distinti epi.<br />

sodi - sono in efleUi traUenuti<br />

in condizioni in via di accertamenlo,<br />

apparentemente da<br />

gruppi <strong>de</strong>lla guerriglia kurda,<br />

la cui affiliazione polilica non<br />

è chiara •. Il comunicato <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Famesina continuava spie.<br />

gando l'accadulo: -II primo<br />

episodio, awenuto inlomo a<br />

melà seUembre presso Mos.<br />

sul, ha riguardalo .1connaz.o-<br />

Cosi ha <strong>de</strong>finito il sua popola, _gli orlani <strong>de</strong>ll'Universo.,<br />

uno <strong>de</strong>i lea<strong>de</strong>r mitici <strong>de</strong>i turdi: Mustafa Barzani marta nel<br />

'79 dopo aver speso l'intera vila a combaUere per oUenere<br />

il diriUo ad uno Stalo indipen<strong>de</strong>nte curdo. Un obiellivo<br />

perseguilo con tenacia per quasi 70 anni da una nazione<br />

che conla 10 milioni di individui divisi ln cinque StaU:<br />

Threhia, Iran, Irak, Siria e Unione Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica. La storia <strong>de</strong>i<br />

curdi si per<strong>de</strong> nella nOlle <strong>de</strong>i secoli. Sono uno <strong>de</strong>i popoli di<br />

stirpe indoeuropea più antichi e vantano figure mitlche<br />

come l'emlro Salah-ed-din, meglio nota come .i1 ferace<br />

Saladino. che nel 1187 sbaragliO i craciati e riconquislO<br />

ail 'Islam Gerusalemrne. Sono di religione mUSlllmano-sun.<br />

nita e solo un'esigua minoranza che vive in Iran è scüta.<br />

L'iconografia tradiziortale Ii dipinge come -lieri monlana.<br />

ri., ma un lara proverbio la dice lunga sulla lara storia.<br />

Dice: -Giù dalle montagne i curdi non hanna amici •. Anzi<br />

dal I :J20 i curdi non solo non hanna amici ma .ullicial.<br />

men:e non esistono •.<br />

nale Sergio Cominelli, mentre<br />

il seconda, che risale a una<br />

<strong>de</strong>cina di giomi fa, ha coinvol.<br />

la, in allra località, I connazionail<br />

Giuseppe Carrara e Roberto<br />

Diota:tevi. Il ministero<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli Esteri, in contallo con le<br />

dille ir.teressate ha immedia.<br />

lamenle aUivalo, nel riserbe<br />

che era doveroso mantenere<br />

in casi umani cosi complessi e<br />

<strong>de</strong>licati, tulli gli opportuni ca.<br />

nali per chiarire la posizione<br />

<strong>de</strong>i nastri connazionali e lavorire<br />

una rapida conclusione<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla vicenda •.<br />

La con ferma lagliava dunque<br />

corto alie incertezze e ai<br />

dubbi: il sequestro <strong>de</strong>i Ire con.<br />

nazionali c'pra stato dawero<br />

ed era awenuto nel campo di<br />

Bayj, a cenlo chilomelri a<br />

nord di Bagdad, il 2 onobre<br />

scorso. Il primo, quella di Comin<strong>et</strong>;i,<br />

era slato addirillura<br />

portalo a termine illS seilern.<br />

bre scorso: il giorno esallo<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla par1enl.) (lf'1


Storie di rivolte<br />

e massacri<br />

rUnità servizio<br />

17S.000 arrcsU. 370 condanne<br />

a morte: ecco il bio<br />

lando <strong>de</strong>Ue prime due<br />

grosse illsurrezionl cur<strong>de</strong> in<br />

Turchia nel 1925 e nel<br />

1925.30. Ma sari neUa 1er.<br />

za <strong>de</strong>i '37 che il movimento<br />

curdo verrà sbaragliato e<br />

reso inoffensivo per molli anni da Ankara. Ribellioni a<br />

catena anche in Iran: nel 1920, nel 1932, nel '45-'46<br />

Propria nel '46 in Iran I curdi riuscirono ad ollenere un<br />

piccolo Slato indipen<strong>de</strong>nle, la Repubblica di Mahabad che<br />

è rimaslo la prima ed unica esperienza <strong>de</strong>i Renere annegala<br />

nel Si1ngue daU'esercito <strong>de</strong>Uo scii. E rieccoli i .lieri<br />

monlanari. in armi contra Teheran nel '79 quando lalliscono<br />

le speranze di ollenere dalla rivoluzione di Khomeinl<br />

queUo ehe Reza Palhavi aveva sempre lara negalo. Da<br />

allara e soprallullo con la guerra Iran-Irak sono prolilerau<br />

in Iran i gruppi filoirakeni e in Irak i gruppi liloiraniani.<br />

Le loro<br />

vicissitudini<br />

con Baghdad<br />

Si chiama regione aulonoma<br />

di Erbil la regione in cui<br />

vivona i curdi in Irak. È stata<br />

creata nel '74 e go<strong>de</strong> sulla<br />

carta di un'autonomia<br />

molto limitata. Intanto la regione<br />

non compren<strong>de</strong> la<br />

zona pelroliiera di Kir1


•<br />

la<br />

servizio<br />

I due teenici <strong>de</strong>l Gie. sono<br />

stali sequestratI daiguerriglieri<br />

curdi a Ba'iji, un cantiere<br />

cento chilom<strong>et</strong>ri a nord di Bagdad,<br />

dove il gruppo ha ultimato,<br />

sulla base di una commessa<br />

acquisita nel 1980 una<br />

centrale temloclellrica composta<br />

da sei gruppi da 220 megawall<br />

ciascuno. La centrale<br />

si trova allualmente nell'anno<br />

di garanzia ed è percià assistitél<br />

cia un f1\Jm('roric;tn~tfi ...... imo<br />

di dipen<strong>de</strong>nti <strong>de</strong>lla soci<strong>et</strong>à che<br />

non supererebbe le sei unità.<br />

Diotallevi, 47 anni, nato a Bologna<br />

~ resi<strong>de</strong>l)te " Gallarate,<br />

opera In Iraq da ollre quallro<br />

anni. Anualmente è responsabile<br />

meccanico <strong>de</strong>lla centrale.<br />

Icurdi S01W frammentati.<br />

Giuseppe Carrara. 32 anni, 0-<br />

riginario <strong>de</strong>i bergamasco, perita<br />

industriale, da tre anni 0-<br />

pera per il Gie in Iraq, come<br />

str..::::.; .. ::_ '_. _ J.' ••~ ~~!'3Vviamenta<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'impianta.<br />

La Sae. soci<strong>et</strong>A anonima di<br />

el<strong>et</strong>trificazione. ehe in un primo<br />

tempo ha smentito il rapimenta<br />

di Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, appartiene<br />

alla multinazianale svizzera<br />

Brown Boveri. Un gruppo<br />

elellromeccanico il cui nome<br />

negli ultimi mesi è apparso rip<strong>et</strong>utamente<br />

sulle pagine <strong>de</strong>i<br />

giomali. inseguito allafusione<br />

con la multinazianale sve<strong>de</strong>se<br />

A,,'a Il malrimonio. a IlInl10<br />

contrastato dai sindacati sve<strong>de</strong>si,<br />

consente al raggruppamentodi<br />

raggiungere un fallurata<br />

di 20 mila miliardi di lire.<br />

I rapporti Ira il gruppo cui fa<br />

capo la Sae e il Gie sono comunque<br />

più streui di quanto<br />

trajazioni di varia osse1Vanza<br />

Un'nazionalismo sfruttato<br />

da troppe rngion di S,tato<br />

/mll./mq. Turchia. Siria<br />

e Unione Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica<br />

nega1W a questo popolo<br />

ogni autonomia. ma Ile<br />

usallO le aspiraziolli<br />

con/ro gli Stati vicùzi<br />

PARLARE <strong>de</strong>lla questione curda<br />

è in realtà addcntrarsi in un \ZlnCpraio,<br />

in una miria<strong>de</strong> di movimenti,<br />

di all,'anze che si fissano e<br />

si capovolgono senza che ne e-<br />

merga un programma comunc<br />

che I;esca, dare al problema un sieuro<br />

rilievo intemazionale. I curdi<br />

hanno una precisa i<strong>de</strong>ntità nazionale,<br />

manon riesconoadaffermare<br />

il dirino ad una loro nazione:<br />

sono di origine ind~uropea,<br />

in maggioranza convenitosi all'islam<br />

hanno dunque una loro lingua<br />

cd una loro cultura. ma vivono<br />

(sono circa 20 milioni) spa!'>i<br />

tra Iran, Iraq. Turchia, Siria, e U-<br />

nione Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica. Nc'Ssuno di questi<br />

paesi riconosce loro un minimodi<br />

autonomia, ma tuni ne hanno<br />

sfrunato - e continuano tunora<br />

- le ambizioni autonomiste<br />

per i loro fini geopolitic;: i loro<br />

continui rigurgiti di rivolta accompagnano<br />

e scandiscono le<br />

tensioni ehe da sempre tormentano<br />

la re~ione. alleati ara <strong>de</strong>ll'uno<br />

ora <strong>de</strong>ll altro, quindi sempre divisi<br />

tradi loroesempre su fronli opposti<br />

a seconda <strong>de</strong>i paese che Ii<br />

«sponsorizza •.<br />

Cosllamappa<strong>de</strong>Ualoro inesausta<br />

guerriglia si confon<strong>de</strong> con le a-<br />

nimosilà e le guerre di una regionevulnerabilee<strong>de</strong>licata<br />

per gli interessi<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle grandi potenze. E,<br />

perdipiù, \~vonoinunazona molto<br />

importante per le sue risen'e<br />

naturali: p<strong>et</strong>rolia nella regione di<br />

Kirkuke Suleimania (Iraq), e nell'<br />

Anatolia orientale (Turchia),<br />

rame, oro. argento e urania i cui<br />

giacimenti. data la situazione politica,<br />

sono solo parzialmente<br />

sfruttati. Oggi-come afferma un<br />

loro rappresentante - essi sono<br />

'prigiomcri <strong>de</strong>lla guerra <strong>de</strong>l Golfou:<br />

aIcune tribù irachene appoggiano<br />

Komeini. altre - che vivo-<br />

di PIERO BENET AZZO<br />

no in lran-locombauono in una<br />

guerra sanguinosa e cru<strong>de</strong>le che è<br />

\Ziàcostata loro 40.000 morti (seconda<br />

cifre fomite dai portavoci<br />

curdi).<br />

Unadura<br />

repre;Wone<br />

In Turchia-la più str<strong>et</strong>taalleata<br />

sia di Iran che di Iraq - vivona<br />

in una situalione di dura repressione<br />

d~ quando il generale Ataturk<br />

vc..le uno stato fonemente<br />

centrahzzato (.i curdi semplice<br />

Rtente nonesistono-) 0daquando,<br />

più recentemente, la guerra COntro<br />

Komeini hacostreno malte <strong>de</strong>cine<br />

di migliaia di curdi a cerCare<br />

rifugio oltre frontiera .• Al di fuori<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle montagane, nessuno ci è a-<br />

mico-. recita un vecchio prove~hHll"Urd()cht.'li.intcf1773Iec'mo7i'l<br />

ni di secoli di repressione e di stru.<br />

mentalizzazione. In reallà nel<br />

1920 i1trattato di Sevres che sand<br />

la fine <strong>de</strong>ll'impero ottomano, aveva<br />

riconosciuto ai curdi dignità di<br />

nazione. ma tre anni dopo le grandi<br />

potçDZe di allara, in prima luoga<br />

la Gran Br<strong>et</strong>agna preferirono<br />

iiaffermare ilprincipio<strong>de</strong>lla spartizione<br />

sulla creazione di uno Staloche.<br />

nella sua compattezza ed 0-<br />

mogeneità. si sarebbe presentato<br />

di difficile controlla e gestazione.<br />

I curdi ebbero in realtà la loro<br />

gran<strong>de</strong> occasione nel1967, quando<br />

approfittando <strong>de</strong>lla <strong>de</strong>bolezza<br />

<strong>de</strong>l mondoaraboseguitaallasconflua<br />

nella ~rra contro !sracle.li'<br />

rivolta d<strong>et</strong> curdi iracheni guidati<br />

daMustafà Barzani. sembropoter<br />

diventare un momenlo coagulante<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'inlml movimenlo cumo,lI<br />

vecch!o Barzani - che aveva a<br />

lungo oscillato tra Mosca e Wa-<br />

~hm~un - l'fa arpO~fiatn d.:lc1i<br />

americani, preoccupat; dall'accorda<br />

di collaborazione cd amiclzia<br />

firmato da Mosca e Bagdad,<br />

ma sopranuno dall'lran <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Scià ansioso di contenere 10 slancio<br />

regionale <strong>de</strong>ltradizionale nemico<br />

iracheno. Per anni la guerrigliadi<br />

Barzani passàda un successoall'<br />

altroe i giomalisti checercavanodi<br />

.coprire.lesue gesta pote-<br />

\'ano accedcre nel _Kurdistan_<br />

solo muniti di lasciapassare emessi<br />

dal sua .ufficio-: di fallo .i cra<br />

creata. in tcnitorio iracht.'no. una<br />

non appaia a prima vista. Uno<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli azionisti Gie,I'industriale<br />

Giampiero Pesenti che controlla<br />

la Tosi ha firmato recentemente<br />

un "l('C''"'rrio COTl",_ ...<br />

Brown Boveri.<br />

Innesœkl<br />

lapo/emiœ<br />

Per di più, tutti i gruppi interessati<br />

proclucono sia nel s<strong>et</strong>tore<br />

el<strong>et</strong>tromeccanico che in<br />

quella nucleare. Ora, il fana<br />

che Bagdad abbia già impianti<br />

nucleari e la vicenda che nei<br />

giomi scorsi ha inveslito l'Ansaldo,<br />

accusata di spedire materiale<br />

nucleare in Iraq, ha immediatamente<br />

innescato la<br />

micda <strong>de</strong>lla polemica.<br />

Comunque sia l'interscambio<br />

<strong>de</strong>l nostro paese è andato<br />

lUna autonoma e che trauegg,ava<br />

quel sogno di autonomia, quasi<br />

un' indipe<strong>de</strong>nza, da seeoli collivato<br />

come una leggenda, nelle .saghe.<br />

di un popolo perseguitato.<br />

Ma l'illusione ebbe breve durata:<br />

si areno bruscamente neU'accordo<br />

di Algeri <strong>de</strong>ll975 con cui 10<br />

Scià si appago <strong>de</strong>Ua sua villoria su<br />

Saddam Hussein sacrificando velocemente<br />

i curdi, diventati nuovamente<br />

«un problen13», una minaccia<br />

agli equilibri <strong>de</strong>lla regione<br />

ed ai principi di centralismo di<br />

uno Stato poco propenso, come<br />

<strong>de</strong>l resto Komeini, a concedcre dignità<br />

di autonomia ad una minaranza<br />

in un paese in cui quasi la<br />

m<strong>et</strong>à <strong>de</strong>lla popolazione rivendica<br />

un'i<strong>de</strong>ntità precisa che non si i-<br />

<strong>de</strong>ntifica con la .cultura persiana-.<br />

L'accordo di allora preve<strong>de</strong>va,<br />

da pane irachena <strong>de</strong>lle r.reeise<br />

concessioni temtoriali sul.a frontiera<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla Shau-EI Arab in cambia<br />

<strong>de</strong>U'impegno <strong>de</strong>l.o Scià a cessare<br />

ogni aiutu alla guerriglia di<br />

Barzani.<br />

L'accordo segno una vera e propria<br />

svolta nelle torm~ntate vicen<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>i nazionalismo curdo: priva<br />

<strong>de</strong>i suoi sostegni esterni il movimer.to<br />

on<strong>de</strong>ggià, si franlumo in<br />

tutta una serie di fazioni e riseopri<br />

I., o!uto rapire i U-e ingnegneri italiani<br />

e quali possano essere i veri<br />

obi<strong>et</strong>tivi <strong>de</strong>ll operazione. Talaba,<br />

ni, dopo aver tentato senza succeso<br />

di riconciliarsi con Saddam<br />

Hussein, ha ripreso la su .. l<strong>et</strong>ta<br />

contra gli irauheni. Jn lolla c-':!.<br />

tro Bagdad sono ora ar~'tt' ; t.a:;<br />

<strong>de</strong>l vecchio BalLani, n.... "'''lando<br />

accuratamente agni collcgame ...<br />

ta con gli uomini di Talabani. ln<br />

Turchia il fulcro <strong>de</strong>i movùnemto<br />

curdo mantiene una sua laicità socialistae<br />

~ soprattutto verso<br />

l'Unione &lvi<strong>et</strong>ica.<br />

E in Iran la lottacontro Komeini<br />

non conosce soste. ln realtà il<br />

.Partito <strong>de</strong>mocratico curcio- guidata<br />

da Abdol Rahame Ghassemlau<br />

si è a lungo bauuto contro 10<br />

Scià ed aveva appoggiato con fervore<br />

la rivoluzionc di Komeini. I<br />

suai rappresentanti erano stati<br />

chiamati nel .consiglio <strong>de</strong>gli e-<br />

speni- incaricato di elaborare il<br />

testo cO!.'!ituzionale <strong>de</strong>l nuoyo regime.<br />

sembrava una specie di riconoscimenlo<br />

esplicilo <strong>de</strong>i diritli di<br />

autonomia culturale e politica per<br />

cui si batteva il partito curdo. Ma.<br />

nell'agoslo<strong>de</strong>l1979.Korneiniproclamava<br />

la .Guerrasanta contra il<br />

popolo curcio- • colpevole di ce~care<br />

un' autonomia che sembrava<br />

rimeltere in discussione la guida<br />

spirituale <strong>de</strong>l vecchio ayatOllah.<br />

mache in realtàcontestavasoltanta<br />

itradizionaIi . .. di rigido<br />

centralismo a cw~ il JIUCM)<br />

lea<strong>de</strong>r-come IoScii-hadimostralodi<br />

voIeni~.<br />

Da aIIora la pUoIa d'online di<br />

Ghassemlou-oo<strong>de</strong>mocrazia per l'<br />

Iran. autonomia peril Curdistan_<br />

- siè scontrata COll ilfervore mistico<br />

di un komeinIsmo che non<br />

amm<strong>et</strong>te la .divenità>t e accusa il<br />

partita<strong>de</strong>mocraticocurdodi laicismo.<br />

Nelle vecchie città di Maltabad-dove<br />

nell945 i curdi erano<br />

riusciti per breve tempo a procla.<br />

l1IlII'e uno s&ato indipen<strong>de</strong>Dte - e<br />

nelle altre città oSlDriche. si sono<br />

affoUati i .pasdaran. iguardiani<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla purezza komeinista e mi-<br />


•<br />

LA STAMPA 13 oUobre 1987<br />

Un movimento k~rdo filoiral!iano ri~.end~_~a_~~~e9u_~!~~<strong>de</strong>i tecnici in Iraq<br />

Rapili Ire ilaliani: «Lasciate il Golfo»<br />

La cattura era tenuta segr<strong>et</strong>a dalla Farnesina per dare ~p:u.io aile trattative - Lll\'Oravano a una centrale termocl<strong>et</strong>trira - I<br />

~uerriglieri protestano per ((l'aiuto di Roma a Baghdad.) - CllUta fiducia di Palazzo Oûgi: «(Nonè la prima mita che acc;,<strong>de</strong>l)<br />

ROMA - Tre tecnlcl ItalIanl<br />

sono staU raplU nell'Iraq<br />

scttcntrlonale da un<br />

gruppo dl guerrigllerl curdl<br />

flIo-lranianl che reclamano,<br />

con un comunlcato diffusa<br />

leri pomerlgglo da Beirut, Il<br />

rlUro <strong>de</strong>lla nostra task forc~<br />

dal Golfo e la fine dl un aBserlto<br />

aluto al regime dl Baghdad.<br />

La noUzia <strong>de</strong>i sequestra.<br />

che sarebbe avvenuto<br />

In due fasl tra m<strong>et</strong>à s<strong>et</strong>tembre<br />

l' l'tnlzio di ottobre. è<br />

stata mantenuta segr<strong>et</strong>a da]<br />

IQvemo Italiano, che nel<br />

fi'attempo aveva attivl\to<br />

tutti I canali disponibili per<br />

Intavolare trattaUve con I ribelli<br />

curd!.<br />

Ma Il comunicato reso<br />

nota leri nella capitale libanese<br />

ha vlolato quella cortina<br />

dl riserbo sorpren<strong>de</strong>ntemente<br />

mantenuta per qualche<br />

s<strong>et</strong>Umana attorno a<br />

questa .caso. dl'sUnato<br />

a<strong>de</strong>sso a rlnfocolare le polemiche<br />

sull'lnvlo <strong>de</strong>lle nastre<br />

unltà militari dal Golfo, Il<br />

documenta dattlloscrltto in<br />

arabo flrmato dall'.Unione<br />

nazianale <strong>de</strong>I KurdIstan Iracheno.<br />

era stato recapitato<br />

lerl a un'agenzia di stampa<br />

InternazIanale a Beirut. La<br />

noUzia <strong>de</strong>I raplmento dl Sergio<br />

Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, Giuseppe<br />

Carrara l' Roberto Dlotallevi,<br />

è splegata dal movimento<br />

curdo come •una protesta<br />

contra l'aiuto italiano al regime<br />

iracheno l' la presenza<br />

mi/itare j ta/iana nelle acqlle<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Golfo •. Con la conseguente<br />

rlchlesta dl rlUrare<br />

la flotta <strong>de</strong>lla Marina Itallana<br />

al comando <strong>de</strong>ll'ammiragila<br />

Mariani.<br />

I trI' teenlei sarebbero statl<br />

sequestratl in due fasi. Il<br />

primo, Comin<strong>et</strong>tl, era scomparsa<br />

dalla regionI' attomo<br />

a Mussul attomo aliI' m<strong>et</strong>ll<br />

dl s<strong>et</strong>tembre, comunque<br />

dopo la partenza <strong>de</strong>lle Ilavi<br />

per II Golfo. GII altrl due.<br />

Carrara l' Dlotallevl, sono<br />

spariU all'Inlz!o dl ottobre,<br />

sempre nella regionI' s<strong>et</strong>tentrIanale<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq, dove plù<br />

diffusa è la r1bellIone curda,<br />

Interrogato dal giornallsU<br />

alla Camera subito dopo<br />

l'arriva <strong>de</strong>I dlspacclo d'agenlia<br />

da Beirut, Gorla ha dlchlarato<br />

inlzlalmente che si<br />

sapeva <strong>de</strong>l raplmento .da<br />

<strong>et</strong>nque gioml.. Ma questa<br />

prlmlUva versionI' è stata<br />

r<strong>et</strong>tlflcata dalle succeslve<br />

note ufficlall dl Palazzo Chigi<br />

l' <strong>de</strong>lla Fameslna che ricollocano<br />

Il trIpIlee raplmento<br />

a QUalchI's<strong>et</strong>tlmana addl<strong>et</strong>ro.<br />

L'annunclo da Beirut ha<br />

comunque messo In agita-<br />

IIone le autorltà <strong>de</strong>l Palazzo.<br />

D preSi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Consiglio<br />

Oorla è sallto al colle <strong>de</strong>i<br />

quirinalI' per un glà pro-<br />

IJ'lU1UIUltoIncontro con il<br />

Capo <strong>de</strong>lla Btato. Ma il colloquia<br />

con Cossiga ha avuto<br />

certo fra I terni dominanU<br />

proprio Il tripllee rapimento<br />

l' le rlchieste <strong>de</strong>l movimento<br />

eurdo flIo-iranlano. La notlzia<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla convocazione di un<br />

vertlce a Palazzo Chigi fra<br />

Oorla ~I mlIl!~trn c1rJJa T1,fpsa<br />

ZanonI' l' un rappresentante<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla Famesina (Andreotti<br />

è ln vlaggio per la<br />

Thailandla) è clrcolata per<br />

qualchI' ora, poi è Stata<br />

smentlta. Ma Il presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

Messaggi chiari<br />

Come 6e non blUW6erO<br />

tuttI' le altre impllca.rioni l'<br />

compllca.rioni, oro anche<br />

l'antica questione curda irrompe<br />

sulla scena <strong>de</strong>i Golfo,<br />

fra i suai moltepli<strong>et</strong> attori,<br />

a rlprova <strong>de</strong>ll1ncredibile<br />

interclipentlen.eu tra<br />

fatti e problemi anche Temoti,<br />

nelle crl.ri <strong>de</strong>i monda<br />

contemporaneo. Ma questa<br />

e un data di fatto, col quall'<br />

tutti, in qualunque Paese,<br />

dobbiarno fare i conti.<br />

Dopa la notIzla <strong>de</strong>i rapimenta<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tre tecnici italiani<br />

in Iraq, il probll'm4 e:<br />

con chi abbiamo a che fare?<br />

Con una fazione curda, diciarno<br />

cosl, pragmatica, con<br />

la qtuJle.e po3sibile avviare<br />

le trodizionali trattative <strong>de</strong>i<br />

sequestrI? In passato, cas!<br />

<strong>de</strong>i genere sono stati feli£emente<br />

risolti. Oppure con<br />

una fazione estremista l'<br />

.!<strong>de</strong>ologica_, legata ail 'Iran<br />

di Khomeini da un preci.ro<br />

34,<br />

rapporta politico? In questa<br />

secondo ipotesi, e chiara, il<br />

coso si comp/ica.<br />

Che fare. se t'l'11isse conferT1UJtala<br />

rlchiesta <strong>de</strong>i rltiro<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla nostra squadra navale<br />

dol Golfo? E' ovvio che<br />

nessuno Stato <strong>de</strong>gno di<br />

questa nome pue) farsi d<strong>et</strong>tOTP<br />

la VT()p"'!D Pl ,fi tl. fi<br />

estera (perc~ di questa si<br />

tratta) dol rlcatto di un<br />

gruppo guen;gliero, l' comunque<br />

rinuncia". alla tutela<br />

dl inleressi ~onali<br />

rltmuti prlmarl dalle autorlt4<br />

comp<strong>et</strong>enti: nel coso di<br />

un Paese <strong>de</strong>mocratico come<br />

l'Italia, dol governo l' dol<br />

Parlamenta.<br />

Naturalmente, bi.rogna<br />

anche adoperarsi concr<strong>et</strong>amente,<br />

con tutti i mezzi immaginabili.<br />

per salvare la<br />

vita l' ottenere i/ rllascio <strong>de</strong>gli<br />

ostaggi innocenti.<br />

La possibilit4 di far pervenire<br />

messaggi chian ai<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Consiglio, asslsLlto da!<br />

suo conslgllere dIplomatIco<br />

Fontana GiustI. è stato constantemente<br />

in str<strong>et</strong>to contatto<br />

sia eon la Fames1na<br />

sla con,il ministero <strong>de</strong>lla 01-<br />

fo:sal' I servlzl informativ!. D<br />

mlnlstro Zanone ha convocato<br />

lerl sera una r1unlone<br />

<strong>de</strong>i suai plù str<strong>et</strong>tl collaboratori.<br />

Le note dlramate dalla<br />

presl<strong>de</strong>nza <strong>de</strong>l Consiglio l'<br />

dalla Famesina sono sostanzialmente<br />

concordl nI'l<br />

conce<strong>de</strong>rI' .elementi di fondatuzu.<br />

all'annunclo <strong>de</strong>l<br />

gruppo curdo. Ma il minlstero<br />

<strong>de</strong>gll Esterl è molto pru<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

sulla eff<strong>et</strong>tlva aUiIlazione<br />

politlca <strong>de</strong>ll'. Unlone<br />

nazianale <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan iracheno.,<br />

ehe si è professata<br />

filo-Iraniana. stando almena<br />

aile richleste per il rliasclo<br />

<strong>de</strong>i nostri tre connazlonall.<br />

Il mlnlstero <strong>de</strong>gll Esterl giudlca<br />

Intattl •non chiara_<br />

questa afrniazione l' nella<br />

nota diffusa ieri sera slUmlta<br />

a ren<strong>de</strong>r nota che, .in<br />

contatto con le ditte interessate,<br />

ha immediatamente attivato<br />

nel riseroo che era do-<br />

Vl'roso mantenere III casi<br />

IImani cosl complessi l' <strong>de</strong>licati<br />

tutti gl. opportuni cana-<br />

Ii per chianTe la PO'" ...!Il 'I('<br />

<strong>de</strong>i nostri connazionali ~ favorire<br />

una rapida conclusione<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla vicenda.. Palazzo<br />

Chigi fa mostra di una cauta<br />

f1ducla nI'l suo comunlcato.<br />

quando rlcorda che .non é la<br />

prima volta che inci<strong>de</strong>nti <strong>de</strong>l<br />

genere si sono verificati nella<br />

porte s<strong>et</strong>tentrionale <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq<br />

I'd in passato tali eventi sono<br />

stati felicemente rlsolti cd é<br />

rapatorl non dovrebbe ma1lcare<br />

alla nostra diplomazia,<br />

che si muove armai do <strong>de</strong>cmni<br />

nella selva <strong>de</strong>lle dispute<br />

mediterranee l' mediarientalt.<br />

Ma bisogna naturalmente<br />

disporre di messaggi<br />

chiarl. Il peggio sarebbe<br />

che si aprlsse III<br />

Italia una crlsi emotiva,<br />

con conseguenti lacerazioni<br />

politiche l' manifestazioni<br />

varie d1nstabillt4.<br />

Questa farebbe soltanto i/<br />

gioco <strong>de</strong>i rapi tari, specie se<br />

politicamente matit'(J Ii l'<br />

!splrati; non aiuterebbe a<br />

salvare M gli ostaggi né la<br />

dig1lit4 <strong>de</strong>i Paese.<br />

Aldo Rizzo<br />

Il questa fine che si stanno<br />

adaperando le II08tre rappresentenza<br />

diplomatlche-.<br />

Il prece<strong>de</strong>nte al qUall' allu<strong>de</strong><br />

la nota dl Palazzo Chigi<br />

ricorda Il raplmento, tra<br />

tanti altrl stranlerl, dl Antonio<br />

Chlavcrlnl, un alLro tecnico<br />

sequestrata due annl fa<br />

nella stessa rep;lone dl Mossul<br />

c rHaselato dopo qualehe<br />

mese dl nl'Kozlatl da guerrlglieri<br />

di un altro 1Il0vimento<br />

indipen<strong>de</strong>ntistico curdo.<br />

Questo lascerebbe ben sperare<br />

anche per la lIberazione<br />

dl Comm<strong>et</strong>t!. Carrera l' 010-<br />

tallev!.<br />

In questa incrocio dl passloni<br />

Indlpen<strong>de</strong>sliche l' dl<br />

strumentallzzazioni neilI'<br />

man! dl chi sono finiti i trI'<br />

tecnicl italiani? A Roma per<br />

a<strong>de</strong>sso non si hanno Indizl<br />

preclsi, Soltanto la rivelldicazione<br />

<strong>de</strong>l ritiro <strong>de</strong>lle nostre<br />

unità dal Golfo l' la fine<br />

<strong>de</strong>l )Jr<strong>et</strong>eso appoKP;ioal regime<br />

di Saddam Hussein fa<br />

schierare qursto gruppo <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

.nebulesa_ <strong>de</strong>lla resistenza<br />

curda sn posizionl esplicitamente<br />

filo-Iraniane. La<br />

s\l"ranza drlla nnstrll divinl"<br />

',' '1.;1'" .) •.•••''' ..f'<br />

siano state reclamizzate dal<br />

movimento rlbelle soltanto<br />

per dar maggiore impatto<br />

alla sua latta contra Baddam<br />

Hussein l' per ottenere<br />

un magglor riscai\o. In passato<br />

casl analoghl sono staU<br />

rlsoltl con abbondandl Inlezionl<br />

di fondl per f1nanzlare<br />

la guerrlglla, con fornlture<br />

di armi 0 medicinall.<br />

Ieri sera Goria si è limitata<br />

a dire: •bl.rogna usare la<br />

massimll cautela.. Questo<br />

splega la segr<strong>et</strong>ezza con CUl<br />

la dlplomazia italiana l' le<br />

ditte <strong>de</strong>l tre raplti avevano<br />

awolto flnora I contaLtl per<br />

avviare le trattative con il<br />

gruppo rapltore. Se questa<br />

ipotesl si rivelerà glusta. i<br />

negozlatl potranno esserI'<br />

lunghi l'anche dlfficUl, ma<br />

l'esito do,'rebbe rlsultare positiva.<br />

Ma se I trI' teenlei fossero<br />

invece caduti neilI'<br />

mani <strong>de</strong>l gruppo pill fanatica<br />

dl"lI'lntegrismo lsIamlco<br />

In senn alla reslstenza eurda,<br />

come le richleste lascerebbero<br />

ternere, allara il ricatto<br />

potrebbe avere un efl<strong>et</strong>10<br />

dlrompente. Questo è Il<br />

pesante timorI' che len sera<br />

si coglll'va negli ambient!<br />

It0vemat.lvi ln attesa dl notl-<br />

7011' l' chiarlmentl dal Media<br />

Oriente. anche se la parola<br />

d'ordine è .non drammatlz-<br />

~arp.. per non tar alzare ancor<br />

dl plù la POSta.<br />

Paolo Patnmo<br />

-)


•<br />

LASTAMPA servizio<br />

Uno <strong>de</strong>i tecnici è stato rapito dagli indipen<strong>de</strong>ntisti a m<strong>et</strong>à s<strong>et</strong>tembre.<br />

Da un mese nelle manill<strong>et</strong>.lmrdi'<br />

E' il dipen<strong>de</strong>nte di una azienda eleltronica - Gli altri lamravano<br />

da anni per una dilta milanew in una centrale eleltrica<br />

Nell'8S italiano preso eliberato<br />

DALLA AEDAZIONE MILANESE<br />

MILANO - .L 110 appreso<br />

lllksso dal lelegl0rn4le •. dlce<br />

al telefono, sconvolta. da B0-<br />

logna. la cognata dl Roberto<br />

Dlotallevl. Ingegnere. uno<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tre tecnic1 italian! raplt!<br />

dal gruppe <strong>de</strong>fInItos! •Unlone<br />

NazIanale <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan<br />

iracheno.. .MI scusf, 71\4<br />

sono in condt.rionl tall che<br />

non ml "cardo neppure pjÙ<br />

quanti annl abbia Roberto.<br />

A<strong>de</strong>sso <strong>de</strong>vo porlare nblto<br />

con I genllon, <strong>de</strong>vo a1ld4re.,<br />

aggJunge la signora.<br />

Roberto Dlotailevl. 47<br />

annl, è stata raplto una <strong>de</strong>clna<br />

di glomi or sono neU'Iraq<br />

s<strong>et</strong>tentrlonale; dall'82 si trovava<br />

In questo Paese, alle dl-.<br />

pen<strong>de</strong>nze dl una dltta lepta<br />

al gruppe Ansaldo. la Ole<br />

(Gruppe Industrie el<strong>et</strong>tromeccaniche<br />

per Implanti all'estero),<br />

con se<strong>de</strong> a Corsica<br />

ln VIa Cabote. Come moite<br />

persone che lavorano In<br />

quest'azienda e In altre <strong>de</strong>i<br />

s<strong>et</strong>tore. DlotaUevi vive. a<br />

Gallarate ma è orIgInarIo dl<br />

lunga. In provincia dl Berpmo<br />

.• Non $4ppjtJmo puT~<br />

pa ancom nulla, nusuna no-<br />

Bologna. dove tuttora vive U<br />

IrateUo Plerpaolo, anche lui<br />

Ingegnere, e i genitor!. Il capoluogo<br />

ernillano è. Insleme tizIa c! !lnora glu~to a MI,.<br />

eon Lecco. Ira Ie cltta dove cl no, 7Uf <strong>de</strong>l primo M <strong>de</strong>l<br />

,ono centrl dl ad<strong>de</strong>stramen- leCOndo - aggtunge. Surace<br />

Loper I tecnic1 dl queste par- - slamo lerm.i a qlUlnto cl<br />

Llcolarl installazlon!.<br />

ha comunfcato Il Minutera e<br />

DlotaUevi lavorava a Bal- alle poche notirie ehe cl sono<br />

YI. alla messa ln opera dl paiute perpmlre dill CGntlere<br />

•. In Iraq. la Ole ha un al-<br />

una grossa centrale tenncel<strong>et</strong>trlca.<br />

con sei p;ruppl da tro cantlere, vicino a Baghdad.<br />

~:'>fl mril8.walta.'" l1.a '~ommena<br />

da qUaiche centlnalo L'altr& pers.ona bloccata<br />

dl mIllardl per una centrale cial grupp


•<br />

LA STAMPA<br />

servizio<br />

La Cia collabora con Roma<br />

nelle neerehe <strong>de</strong>i Ire rapill<br />

WASHINGTON -. I servlzi segr<strong>et</strong>l amerlcanl e a1cunl<br />

agent! medlorlentall stanno collaborando con Roma nella<br />

caccia al sequestratorl <strong>de</strong>l tre t.ecnlct ltaltanlln Iraq. LIlCIa<br />

e la Ota - Il suo equlvalente al Pentagono - seguono a1cu.<br />

ne piste anche ln Ubano,<br />

Le ha Indlcato lerl un lunzlonarlo <strong>de</strong>ll'ammlutstrazlone<br />

amerll'.ana. sott.ollneando ehe tra l'Ital\a e gUStatt Unit! esl-<br />

~te un accordo contro Il terrorIsmo. Il lunzionarto non ha<br />

saputo tuttavla preclsare Sf' stano staU complut! ~S111<br />

nrlIe Indaglnl.<br />

AI Pentagono e al Dlpartlmento dl Stato Il aequcltro <strong>de</strong>I<br />

tecmcl ltallanl ha <strong>de</strong>stato preooecupazlone, perch~ si temt'<br />

che sia.l segnale dl un'oUenslva <strong>de</strong>ll'Iran contro i PaeSlI'U-<br />

" ropel pili dl'boh impeltllat! nel Oolfo Pera1co,<br />

L'obll'ttiVO iramano sarebbe dl Indurll a rltirar", le 10rl><br />

squadre navah dal Oolfo, In modo da lsolare KitStaU Unltl,<br />

I L'Jtalia e rltenuta partIealarmente esposta a causa <strong>de</strong>l ~uU'<br />

: contrl


•<br />

servizio<br />

Tre tccnici italiani sono ne Ile mani.<br />

<strong>de</strong>i gucrriglieri curdi. Per la loro liberazione.<br />

un anonimo gruppo (fi-<br />

Io-iraniano?) csigc il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

flotta italiana dal Golfo. La notizia<br />

è trapelata icri, con un comunicato<br />

conscgnato ad un'agcnzia di stampa<br />

di Beirut.<br />

o Ilsequestro <strong>de</strong>i cittadini italiani<br />

è avvcnuto in due fasi. Il primo<br />

caso risalc a circa un mese fa e riguarda<br />

Sergio. Comin<strong>et</strong>ti. <strong>de</strong>lla socictà<br />

Sac. L'altro ad una dccina di<br />

giorni fa. e riguarda due dipendcnti<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Gie. Giuseppe Carrara e Robem<br />

Diolallevi. Il comunicalo <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Farne~ina. Lc prime rcazioni di PalazLO<br />

Chigi. ((Pen~avamo fossero<br />

Irallenuli per altrc ragioni» è stato<br />

il primo com",enlo <strong>de</strong>i presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Consiglio Giovanni Goria.<br />

Non diminuisce nel frallempo<br />

l'inlcnsilà <strong>de</strong>lla guerra Ira Iran e<br />

Iraq. L'aviazione di Bagdad ha eolpilo<br />

ieri con un missile ((Elloceb><br />

una pelroliera che ora è in fiamme.<br />

Gli iraniani ~oslcngono di costruire<br />

da \oli II 7() pcr centro <strong>de</strong>i proprio<br />

annanH'l1 b'<br />

Sitratta da un mese<br />

Gorin: «Speravo cifossero altre cause all'assenza»<br />

•<br />

~Rll<br />

• j.;ll' \ ,'I.',<br />

. . Khomeini<br />

visto<br />

da lurie<br />

:.<br />

.to _"-lSlr. lacan .... ,j~l kU ••l'''1i111<br />

11'1."0 urt9""V.'"<br />

CYI'tIo mol, •• 11. ">.,>tJ<br />

I<br />

SUu" " ....... CUll'S.<br />

..pa.anoconhn ,m ~"rnl'''','<br />

O;p.mo_<br />

IndlJ'lO<br />

1 Un gruppo di guerriglieri curdi<br />

esige il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lla flotta italiana<br />

da! Golfo. La rivendicazione in<br />

un comunicato a Beirut<br />

] Trattativa in silenzio mentre la<br />

flotta incrociava nel Golfo. Non<br />

si sa con chi le autorità stiano negoziando.<br />

Due rapimenti<br />

dl PlO d'EMILIA<br />

E FRANCO IVALDO<br />

Ci mancavano i curdl. ('o.<br />

In('. ". non ha'iassero I dlle Ii.<br />

~.ant •. Iran e Ira4. la guerra<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Golfo apre un altro fron.<br />

1'


]l31rssaß{l,cro servizio<br />

La guerra <strong>de</strong>i signori <strong>de</strong>lla montagna<br />

di ROBERTO LIVI<br />

[), ,,'coh .:ombauono per<br />

la loro InJ.pendcnza. Prima<br />

conlro gh Ouomani, poi con.<br />

tro i van rq;mi che si sono<br />

succedul. in T urchia, Iran e<br />

Iraq. Da quasI tremila ann; i<br />

curdi Vivona in un territorio-<br />

Il Kurdistan. che 'si eSlen<strong>de</strong><br />

sullalo onenlale <strong>de</strong>ll'Anatoha.<br />

entro il bacino supenore<br />

dcl Tign e <strong>de</strong>ll'Eufrate. Ma<br />

nessulla cana" acovatica registra<br />

i contini di queslo Paese<br />

che non ha mai ragglunto una<br />

propna unlU pohlica. Le suc<br />

imprtci~ e non riconosciute<br />

fronliere corrono infallI altraversa<br />

btn cinque nazioni:<br />

la Turchla. L'Iraq, l'Iran, la<br />

Sina e l'U n.one Sov;<strong>et</strong>ica.<br />

Ogg., i curd., musulma", ma<br />

non arab., sono circa 14 mi.<br />

lioni: 8 milioni vivono entra i<br />

contin.turchi, CIrca 5 milio",<br />

in Iran, 2.5 milioni in Iraq,<br />

600.000 in Sma e circa<br />

300.000 in Unione Sovielica.<br />

(Corca 70.000 kurdi vivono<br />

anche," Libano).<br />

De. curdi, • medi <strong>de</strong>l Vecch.o<br />

Testamento, parla per la<br />

pnma volta Senofonte nel.<br />

l'Anabasi. E già allora <strong>de</strong>canlava<br />

la fama guemera di questo<br />

popolo. consacrala .n se.<br />

gUllo dal plU .IIUSlre <strong>de</strong>i SUOI<br />

tigh. Salahedd,". il conqui.<br />

slalore <strong>de</strong>ll1slam, il ..feroce<br />

Salad.no. che seontisse I cro-<br />

Clau e d,,'enne re d'Egiuo. ln<br />

guerra <strong>de</strong>l resto • curdi sono<br />

sempre Slau: conlro • califfi<br />

di Bagdad e dl Damaseo; con.<br />

tro I1mpero onomano c la<br />

PerSIa. dopo .Ilranalo d. Lo.<br />

sanna (19~3). che ne span .. a<br />


•<br />

Lereazioni<br />

Stupore<br />

tra ipartiti<br />

Paj<strong>et</strong>ta:<br />

«Che c'entrano<br />

icurdi<br />

'IJ<br />

.'}.<br />

COti :tr!l.2.re;,)<br />

di PAOLO PELUFFO<br />

servizio<br />

la maggioranza, sia in Parlamenlo.<br />

Dare l'i<strong>de</strong>a di un paese diviso in<strong>de</strong>bolirebbc<br />

la lrallaliva che il governo'<br />

<strong>de</strong>ve lnlavolarC». E con queslo sem-.<br />

bra riferirsi ai comunisli. Ma, la Dc<br />

polrebbc chie<strong>de</strong>re il riliro <strong>de</strong>lla navi<br />

dal Golfo? «Su queslo <strong>de</strong>ve diseulere<br />

e dcci<strong>de</strong>re il governo». Nella Dc erano<br />

SlalCmolle le perplessilà, sull'invio<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle na-vinel Golfo. Oggi quesla<br />

episodio conferma quelle preoccupalioni?<br />

«la prcoccupazione è lulla per'<br />

i noslri Ire lavoralori. non ha senso.<br />

dire 'io l'avevo <strong>de</strong>llo ....<br />

Paolo BallisIU1Zi. presi<strong>de</strong>nle <strong>de</strong>i<br />

<strong>de</strong>putati <strong>de</strong>l Pli dice rcciso: ..ci colpiscono<br />

perehé sanno che un rapimen-<br />

10 pull rimeuere in discussione lulla<br />

la noslra politica eslera. Siamo il<br />

'venlre molle' <strong>de</strong>ll'Occi<strong>de</strong>nle. l'altacco<br />

t alla noslra politica eSlera e<br />

mira a dimoslrarc che noi abbiamo Il<br />

ripensamenlo facIle... Anche Ballisluzz;<br />

esprime preoccupaZlone per la<br />

spaccalura che qucslo rapimenlo pull<br />

crcare nel paese: «ln altre nazlom si<br />

farebbc quadralo. Qui polrebbc<br />

aprirsi un dibauilo che ei in<strong>de</strong>boliscc».<br />

Alla fine, il Pei inlervienc con molta<br />

caulela. e gella acqua sul fuoco. E'<br />

Giancarlo Pajella. presl<strong>de</strong>nle dcll..<br />

CommiS$ionc centrale di conlrollo<br />

dcl Pci, che in Transallanlico si mo-<br />

Slra molto pcrples'lOsulla nOll1ia' ..E'<br />

'una nOlilia imprccisa. Uno <strong>de</strong>i tre'<br />

Iccnici sarebbc stalO rapilo addiriuura<br />

un mese fa». Poi. osserva come la<br />

<strong>de</strong>nominazione <strong>de</strong>ll'organizzazione<br />

che ha rapilo i lecnici italiani sia seonOSClula:«Dobbiamo<br />

quindi chie<strong>de</strong>re<br />

al governo ilaliano, silenzioso in<br />

queslo periodo, di darei informazioni<br />

precise su quel che t avvenulo ... Sul<br />

Icgamc Ira i curdl c la richiesla di ri\lro<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle navi dal Golfo, Pajclla è ancora<br />

più perplcsso: «Per quanlo ne so<br />

io; curdi non hanno nulla a che vedc-.<br />

re con Il mare. Noi comunisli da Irmpo<br />

abbiamo conlalli con le loro organizzazloni<br />

e non ci risulta che siano<br />

<strong>de</strong>dili allerrorismo. Ma soltanto che<br />

sono perscgUlla\l in Iraq. in Iran e ln<br />

Turchi3lO.<br />

il manifesto<br />

14 ottobre 1987<br />

Un ordinario sequ<br />

"Succe<strong>de</strong> spesso, niente drarnmi~'.Il govemo<br />

invita al silenzio sui tre ostaggi in Iraq<br />

II governo rispon<strong>de</strong> oggi pomeriggio in parlamento<br />

sulla vicenda <strong>de</strong>i tre tecnici italiani rapiti in Iraq<br />

da un gruppo curdo. leri Palazzo Chigi ha diffuso<br />

una nota in cui si tenta di circoscrivere la vicenda,<br />

evitando di pari are di Golfo e di trattativa. Piuttosto,<br />

ci pensi Andreotti. La Farnesina nega che ci<br />

sia una trattativa in corso, confermata invece da!<br />

familiare di un rapito. Per il governo e per il Pei<br />

la parola d'ordine è comunque «pru<strong>de</strong>nza».<br />

Nelle sedi <strong>de</strong>. panili non c't quasi<br />

nessuno: E quc. pochi che ci sono<br />

non parla no. ~Le nOlilie sono fram-<br />

.:.':; •• _ .• ~, .• ~ .• _ .. ~ ... ':'':.w~~.1:J maS~l'<br />

ma caulela. Qualcuno la nOlilia non<br />

l'ha avula ancora: ..Ma mi spieghi un<br />

po' che l'osa è successo.., chledono al<br />

Psdi. A Boncghe Oscure c't fermento.<br />

la sclione Esteri t in riunione SOI-<br />

10 la dlreZlone di GIOrgio Napolilano.<br />

c d.scule sulla posilione da pren<strong>de</strong>re.<br />

Napolitano dice: «Aspelliamo ...<br />

POl. amva il comunicalo, caulissimo.<br />

che choe<strong>de</strong> un chiarimenlo dalla<br />

FarneSina. «a parlIre dal primo rapimenlo<br />

ehe ",rebbe avvenuto già da<br />

un mosc». Anche .1preSi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>I scnalOTldl'<br />

N,rol. Manrono aile IQ.50<br />

è all'oseuro di lullo. Si ferma un alli-'<br />

mo a pensare e SIchle<strong>de</strong>: «E' una cosa<br />

molto preoccupante. ln momenti come<br />

queslo b;sogna evitare prima dl<br />

lutlo le polerniche, sia aWinterno <strong>de</strong>ldi<br />

~rancesco Paterno<br />

e Norma Rangeri<br />

ROMA. Di GIacomo Comin<strong>et</strong>.<br />

ti, teemeo <strong>de</strong>lla Sae, non si<br />

hnno p\ù ~otizie dal 14 s<strong>et</strong>ttmbre<br />

se ..rso, di Giuseppe<br />

Carren e Roberto DiotalJevi,<br />

dipen<strong>de</strong>nti <strong>de</strong>u.."Cie, da! primi<br />

di ottohre. l..<br />

39


•<br />

il manifesto servizio<br />

il rilascio <strong>de</strong>i tre Italiani figu.<br />

ra la fomitura di 2.000masche.<br />

re antigas. Una rlchiesta che<br />

ha una sua loglca nella guer.<br />

ra «sporca» condotta da! go.<br />

verno dl Saddam Hussein contro<br />

I gruppl curdi. La Fameslna<br />

è Imbarazzata: «non commenta»<br />

la notlzla, ma r1badlsee<br />

che sono stati attivatl solo<br />

gIj.«oppcrtunl cana.li» Per chiarire<br />

la vicenda. Punto e basta.<br />

Ma da Teheran, l'agenzla ufficiale<br />

iranlana I7'M aiza il ti.<br />

roo Dice di aver rlcevuto un comunlcato<br />

da parte <strong>de</strong>i gruppo<br />

curdo autore <strong>de</strong>l raplmento <strong>de</strong>l<br />

tre ItalIanI In cul si afferma<br />

che il «regime Iracheno fa uso<br />

di arml di fabbrlcazlone ltaliana<br />

per uccl<strong>de</strong>re I curdl». Il<br />

gruppo, sempre secondo l'Ir.<br />

na sarebbe ln possesso dl,<br />

«esemplarl dl bombe a grap.<br />

polo fabbrlcate In Italla usa te<br />

dal regime Iracheno».<br />

E' vero? I traffici di arml<br />

itallam verso quella reglone<br />

autorizzano a usare una certa<br />

cautela prima di rlspon<strong>de</strong>re<br />

negativamente, anche se è fa.<br />

clle Intra ve<strong>de</strong>re un interesse<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iran ad accusare l'Italla<br />

(e la sua attuaJe polltica nel<br />

Golfo). La Famesina, comunque,<br />

non dice nulla e, anz!, si<br />

mostra plù generosa nei confronti<br />

di Teheran. «Non c'è l'Iran<br />

di<strong>et</strong>ro il raplmento <strong>de</strong>i nostri<br />

tecnlcl, slando agil attua.<br />

Il rapporti tra I due paesb, cl<br />

dice una fonte diplomatlca.<br />

Una dlchiarazlone che fa U<br />

paio con quella, ufflciale, reo.<br />

sa dall'ambasclata Iranlana a<br />

Roma: l'ipotesl «è <strong>de</strong>i tutto<br />

priva di fondamento».<br />

La vicenda rItorna cosi nel.<br />

le mani dl Andreotti. Che fa:<br />

convocare alla Farneslna, attraverso<br />

il dir<strong>et</strong>tore generale<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'emigrazlone, ambasclato-.<br />

re Di Lorenzo, l'ambasclatore<br />

iracheno a Roma. Come se sI'.<br />

trattasse di un sempllce pro.:<br />

blema di alcunl nostrllavora.<br />

tori all 'estero.<br />

GOLFO<br />

La Camera discuterà<br />

<strong>de</strong>l traffico d'armi.<br />

Verdi soddisfatti<br />

HOMA. Si svolgcrà martedi<br />

prossimo alla camera il dlbattito<br />

parlamentare sul trafflco<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle armi: 10 ha <strong>de</strong>ciso ierlla<br />

(:onferenza <strong>de</strong>i capigruppo acrogllendo<br />

la richlesta avanzata<br />

in tal sensa dalla lista<br />

\'H<strong>de</strong>.<br />

I <strong>de</strong>putati verdi arriveranno<br />

al dlbattito in aula proponen.<br />

rio Il testa di una mozione che<br />

,ottolinea le imphcazioni <strong>de</strong>i.<br />

It, azien<strong>de</strong> italiane nelle «trian.<br />

golaziom" per la vendita di ar.<br />

1;11 allïran e aU'lraq.<br />

JI l'apogruppo "er<strong>de</strong> alla ca.<br />

rl"'ra, (;ianm ~faltioli, nel<br />

, (1l!lnll'ntan' (;011 soodisfazione<br />

l'Inserlmento <strong>de</strong>l dibattito sul<br />

trafflco <strong>de</strong>lle armi nel calen.<br />

darlo <strong>de</strong>llavori parlamentari,<br />

ha caito l'occaslone per espri.<br />

mersi sulla vicenda <strong>de</strong>i raplmento<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tecnlci ltallani In<br />

Iraq: «è la seconda volta - ha<br />

d<strong>et</strong>to Mattioli - che, sulla ba.<br />

se di informazloni false 0 incompl<strong>et</strong>e<br />

fomlte da! gave ma,<br />

il parlamento esprime Il sua<br />

vota. Un' episodia simile era<br />

già accaduto in occasione <strong>de</strong>i<br />

dibattito sulla moratoria nucleare,<br />

quando II mlnlstro Battaglia<br />

nascose l'accelerazione<br />

<strong>de</strong>i lavori a Montalto di<br />

Castro».<br />

L'ombrello americano<br />

lIla flotta Usa proteggerà tutte le navi"<br />

INTERVISTA<br />

Curdi in Europa:<br />

"1rapimenti contra<br />

la nastra causa"<br />

di Tommaso<br />

Di Francesco<br />

Azlz Shevaran, <strong>de</strong>l Comitato<br />

esecutivo <strong>de</strong>ll' Associazlone<br />

stu<strong>de</strong>nt! curdi in Europa, ha<br />

acc<strong>et</strong>tato di rispon<strong>de</strong>re alle do.<br />

man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>i manifesto sulla con.<br />

dizione <strong>de</strong>l curdl e sulle pro.<br />

sp<strong>et</strong>tive che si aprono dope il<br />

rapimento <strong>de</strong>i teenIci ilallani.<br />

re si é adoperato per cancel.<br />

lare l'esistenza <strong>de</strong>l popolo cur.<br />

do in Iraq, arrlvando ad che non<br />

con il regime iracheno di Saodam<br />

Hussein, cosi come Tala. dis/an irachcno che ha l'lVl'Il.<br />

sigla Unione lIilZWlUlle dl?! ('",..<br />

bani è in buon! rapporti con 1'1. dicato il rapimento.<br />

ran. Questi collegamenti am<br />

bigui rischiano di dlventare lin<br />

~olti giormali hlUlno I...rla.<br />

te ln questa f~M' dl lllla<br />

estenslone curd~ <strong>de</strong>l COll'<br />

flItto tradlzlonalc Ira hl<br />

confessione reUgiOlla 8ciita<br />

e quella sunnlta. Esistl'<br />

realmente<br />

qUllsto<br />

problema1<br />

Escludo nel modo plü assolu.<br />

to l'esistenza dl questa realtà.<br />

I curdi, un popolo di origine e<br />

cultura Indoeuropea. storlca.<br />

mente sono «musulmani per<br />

forza», le convinzionl religiose,<br />

che pure esistono e 'Sono<br />

rappresentate dalle appartt!.<br />

nenze sciita e sunnita, non so.<br />

no cosl p:'Ofon<strong>de</strong> eradicate da<br />

costituire un fattore di divisio.<br />

ne e cOl'filtto ome in altra "al'.<br />

te <strong>de</strong>i mondo arabe e iraniano.<br />

->


• • il manifesto selWio<br />

Laq~<br />

ilconflitto con l'Iran.<br />

E l'opposizione,<br />

<strong>de</strong>bole, si fa viva<br />

Nella località di Baakuba, 90 chilom<strong>et</strong>ri a nordovest<br />

di Bagndad, nel corso <strong>de</strong>lla sfilata militare<br />

in occasione <strong>de</strong>i s<strong>et</strong>timo anniversario <strong>de</strong>U'inizio<strong>de</strong>lla<br />

guerra tra Iraq e Iran, quattro uomini armati<br />

hanno mitragliato la tribuna ufficiale affollata da<br />

responsabili governativi e diplomatici occi<strong>de</strong>ntali.<br />

Pochi giornali hanno dato notizia <strong>de</strong>ll'episodio, avvenuto<br />

10scorso 20 s<strong>et</strong>tembre. Ma quai è la vera<br />

storia <strong>de</strong>l regime di Sactdam Hussein?<br />

di Samir Kanaan<br />

Quell' attacco ha provocato numerose<br />

vittime tra i parte ci.<br />

panti alla smata e il pubblico<br />

presenle, dopo che una trenti.<br />

na di agenti <strong>de</strong>lla slcurezza<br />

hanno risposto al fuoco. Nes.<br />

suno <strong>de</strong>i dirigenti <strong>de</strong>I partito<br />

Baalh al potere, pl'esenti in tri.<br />

buna, è stato colpito. Secondo<br />

fonti diplomatiche che hanno<br />

rüerito sull'accaduto, I quattro<br />

uominl erano nascosti In un<br />

carro armato.<br />

L'allentalo ricarda, per mol.<br />

Il verSl, quella che costo la vi.<br />

ta al presi<strong>de</strong>nte eg1Ziano An.<br />

war Sadat, nell'ollobre <strong>de</strong>ll'Bl,<br />

a opera di mIlitan egiziani apo<br />

partenenti a una organizzazio.<br />

ne inlegralista clan<strong>de</strong>slina.<br />

L'assalto alla tribuna potreb--<br />

be esserI' qumdi II frullo <strong>de</strong>i<br />

malumori che serpegglano all'mtemo<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'esercito Iracheno.<br />

1,0 stesso presi<strong>de</strong>nle Saddam<br />

Hussein. duranie i s<strong>et</strong>te anni<br />

dl g'llerra, è stalo ogg<strong>et</strong>to di<br />

varI allentati.suicida nei qua.<br />

Il hanna perso la vita alcum<br />

sum collaboratorl e guardie <strong>de</strong>l<br />

corpo.<br />

A.rrivato al potere con un col.<br />

po di stato nI'l '68, II Partita<br />

Baalh ambo socialisla aveva<br />

traslormalo l'Iraq in un grosso<br />

cantiere. Forte di una po.<br />

polazione relativamente im.<br />

portante 115milioni di abitan-<br />

Ii I l' dl rIsorse p<strong>et</strong>rolifere im.<br />

mense, il regime baathista s'è<br />

lanclato in una opera di costru.<br />

zione l' dl sviluppo in vari s<strong>et</strong>.<br />

lori: infrastrutture e r<strong>et</strong>i di comumcazione,<br />

industrie pelrolchimiche<br />

l' manufatturiere,<br />

scuoie, leggi sociali. .. Diventa.<br />

10una polenza economica e fi.<br />

nanziaria, l'Iraq, sperava di<br />

poter esercitare una influenza<br />

a livello regionale, in concor.<br />

renza con il sua fratello.<br />

nemico lia Siria) e con il suo<br />

vicino di casa, l'Iran. La guer.<br />

ra <strong>de</strong>l Golfo, nella quaiI' s'è<br />

lanciato Saddam Hussein s<strong>et</strong>.<br />

te anni fa, ha messo in ginac.<br />

chio l'economla <strong>de</strong>i paese l'<br />

tulli i sogni <strong>de</strong>l capo assoluta<br />

<strong>de</strong>l regime iracheno<br />

L'esercilo iracheno assorbe<br />

armai un lerzo <strong>de</strong>i prodotto na.<br />

zlOnale lordo. I bombardamen.<br />

Il Iraniani hanno distrutlo numerose<br />

tabbnche, m partico.<br />

lare nei pressi di Bassora, do.<br />

vI' è concenlralo 1m quario rlel-<br />

L'Iraq di Saddam<br />

S<strong>et</strong>te anni di guerra, un potere assoluta<br />

la mana n'op~rd <strong>de</strong>i paese l'<br />

numerose altrE' rattmerle. In<br />

più, l'esercilo l' stalo porlato<br />

a 650mila 110mmi.ai quali hisogna<br />

aggumgere altri ~50mila<br />

giovani <strong>de</strong>lla «milizia popolare».<br />

Alla vigilia <strong>de</strong>lla guerra, le rlserve<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla banca centrale ammontavano<br />

a 35mihardi dl dol.<br />

lari; oggi invece II <strong>de</strong>bito <strong>de</strong>l-<br />

10 stato iracheno è slimato a<br />

50 miliardi dl dollari. Il s<strong>et</strong>torI'<br />

più dannegglato è queUop<strong>et</strong>rolifero<br />

con la chlusura <strong>de</strong>i<br />

porto dl Fao e ancora prima,<br />

nell'B2, dal dlvi<strong>et</strong>o sirlano dl<br />

utilizzare Il terminale dl Banias.<br />

Le esportazloni <strong>de</strong>ll' «oro<br />

nero» subivano un crollo (proprio<br />

nell'82) dl quasi 3 mllloni<br />

di barili al giorno, ,Plù tardl,<br />

r.ell'B6, con la messa a dlspo-'<br />

sizione <strong>de</strong>U'oleodotto saudlta dl<br />

Yanbu, sul Mar rossa, l'Iraq<br />

riusciva a riportare la produ.<br />

zione a 1,Bmilione di b~rlli al<br />

giorno.<br />

Ma il colpo più grosso, Baghdad<br />

l'ha pero incassato con<br />

l'occupazione di Fao (terrltorio<br />

iracheno al confine tra l'Iran<br />

l' il Kuwait) da parte di<br />

Teheran, nel febbraio <strong>de</strong>U'86.<br />

Da allara, Saddam aveva promesso<br />

più volte la riconquista,<br />

a qualslasi prezzo, di questa<br />

fella <strong>de</strong>I territorio iracheno,<br />

senza pero riusclrci. E questa<br />

ha suscitato disagi e malumo.<br />

ri negli ambient! mililarl, ma.<br />

gan anche dUfi<strong>de</strong>nza nei confronti<br />

<strong>de</strong>i partito Baalh e le<br />

sue «ingerenlI'» negli affari<br />

bellici. Alcuni u(ficiali <strong>de</strong>nun.<br />

ciano addirittura la superbia<br />

di Saddam, Il quale, come comandante<br />

in capo <strong>de</strong>lle forze<br />

armate, «si rifiuta di ascolta.<br />

re le lamentele <strong>de</strong>i militari e<br />

distribuisce biasimi l' sanzioni<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinate a far rientrare nei<br />

ranghi i più recalcitranti».<br />

Nel tentativo dl recuperare<br />

terreno, facendo rica<strong>de</strong>re la<br />

responsabllita sui militari, fonti<br />

u(ficiose hanna affermato<br />

che alcunl u(ficiali sono stati<br />

giustiziati perché rilenuti reo<br />

sponsabIli <strong>de</strong>lla caduta di Fao.<br />

Subito dopo, le stesse fonti<br />

hanno riferlto che l'aereo presi<strong>de</strong>nziale<br />

è stato centrato da<br />

colpi di arma da fuoco, in un<br />

aeroporto milliare, prima di<br />

alzarsi in volo.<br />

L'Iraq ha ant'he provveduto a<br />

reclulare un gruppo di piloti<br />

mercenarl che, con I Mirage<br />

dl:ll'a.v~OAe'JdI. Bagh~d~ 1&&'<br />

ranno'lncarlcatl dl bombarda.<br />

re le lnstal1azlonl p<strong>et</strong>rolifere<br />

Iranlane nel s<strong>et</strong>tore meridiana.<br />

Ie <strong>de</strong>l Golfo. La rlvelazlone è<br />

stata fatta dal Sunday Tell."<br />

graph. Il contingente mercena.<br />

rio compren<strong>de</strong>rebbe plloti che<br />

provengono da Rtt, Nuova Ze.<br />

landa, Australia e Francia.<br />

Il malumore ha successiva.<br />

mente rag-glunto anche il «clan<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Takriti», nel quale è nato<br />

Saddam Hussein (anche lui fa<br />

di cognome Takriti) e che gli<br />

è r!masto fe<strong>de</strong>le fino al glugno<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'B6. Takrit è una città di<br />

provincia a clrca 150chllom<strong>et</strong>ri<br />

a nord dl Baghdad. Durante<br />

l'occupazlone britannica dlvenne<br />

uno <strong>de</strong>l focolal <strong>de</strong>l na.<br />

zionalismo arabo. Oggi è un<br />

feudo <strong>de</strong>l potere baathista, 0<br />

meglio <strong>de</strong>llo stesso Saddam,<br />

dove vengono «confinati» i suai<br />

cppositori.<br />

Nel giugno <strong>de</strong>ll'86, Khairal.<br />

lah Tolfah, padrlno e zio materno<br />

<strong>de</strong>i capa <strong>de</strong>llo stato<br />

avrebbe favorlto l'uscita dall'Iraq<br />

«per affari» <strong>de</strong>i suoi nu.<br />

merosi parent! l' amici, «via.<br />

lando» le dlsposizioni che vie.<br />

tano qualsiasl spostamento al.<br />

l'estero. Nella faccenda è in.<br />

tervenuto il rai3 iracheno,<br />

ordlnando agil ambasclatori<br />

irachenl di far rlentrare tutti<br />

quelli che si trovano «irregolarmente»<br />

all'estero. La <strong>de</strong>ci.<br />

sione ha suscltato ira a Tak.<br />

ril, provocando una soria dl ri.<br />

bellione guldata dal fratella.<br />

stro di Saddam, Barzan Takriti,<br />

che fino all'83 era a capo<br />

<strong>de</strong>i servizi di sicurezza e dl<br />

eonlrospionagglo<br />

Un confronlo armalo avrebbe<br />

Oppostll lit ~dj,e. lIlIl. corpo.<br />

<strong>de</strong>i presi<strong>de</strong>nte e mernbri <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

sua famlglia Takrlt!, provocando<br />

numerosi mortl e ferlt!<br />

Ilalle due parti. La rIsposta <strong>de</strong>i<br />

capo <strong>de</strong>l regime -è stata spt<strong>et</strong>ata<br />

e tempest!va: Omar Hazzak,<br />

comandante mllitare <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

capitale, da quando UBaath<br />

s'è impadronito <strong>de</strong>l potere nel<br />

'68, è sparlto dalla circolazlone.<br />

Hazzak era uno <strong>de</strong>gli uomini<br />

più vicini a1l'ex presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

iracheno, Ahmad Hassan<br />

AI-Bakr, Il quale era entrato<br />

in dissenso con il cognato Sad.<br />

dam (allora vice presi<strong>de</strong>nte)<br />

sulla gestione <strong>de</strong>i paese e sul.<br />

la guerra con l'Iran. Subito dopa,<br />

nell'Bl, Saddam ha preso<br />

il posto di A1-Bakr, morto da<br />

Ii a poco (giustIziato?). A Takrit,<br />

la casa di Hazzak e queUe<br />

dl una ventina di suoi amici s0-<br />

no state rase al suolo.<br />

Alla vigilia <strong>de</strong>l congresso <strong>de</strong>l<br />

partito, nelluglio <strong>de</strong>ll'86, Sad.<br />

dam convoca una riunione<br />

slraorclinaria <strong>de</strong>i Comando rI."<br />

gionale <strong>de</strong>l Baath (massima<br />

guida <strong>de</strong>I partita a liveUo arabo<br />

I alla scopo di rafforzare il<br />

suo potere sia all' interno <strong>de</strong>l<br />

partito, sia in seno alle forze<br />

armate. Cosi nel Comando reo<br />

gional" fanno il loro ingresso<br />

, Ali Hassan AI-<br />

~lajid Takriti e Fa<strong>de</strong>l Barrak<br />

Takriti, risp<strong>et</strong>tivamente capo<br />

Ilella sicurezza interna e capo<br />

<strong>de</strong>l controspiol1aggio.<br />

'IIel congresso


il manifesto<br />

V"-'"<br />

servizio<br />

Baghdad, né tentomena J'accu.<br />

pazione di terri tari iracheni da<br />

parte di Teheran. Il Partita di<br />

Dio (Hezbollah) ha gia rreato<br />

serie difficolta e problemi in<br />

Libano per f)amasrn<br />

Paradossalmente, un lpot<strong>et</strong>icO<br />

rilorno alla pace appare oggi<br />

come un aUra fattore di insta.<br />

bilità. Saddam Hussein do.<br />

vrebbe affrontare l'austerità<br />

imposta dalla guerra e le am.<br />

bizioni crescenti all'internn <strong>de</strong>l<br />

suo partita, nelle forze arma.<br />

te e quelle <strong>de</strong>i curdi in parti.<br />

colare. Ricostruzione economi.<br />

ca, lotte intestine per il con ..<br />

trollo <strong>de</strong>l potere e roolo nella<br />

regione <strong>de</strong>l Golfo, sana trc pro ..<br />

blemi che il lea<strong>de</strong>r iracheno'<br />

non puo in nessun modo risol.;<br />

vere da solo. Saddam dovreb ..<br />

be fare i conti con il partita e<br />

con quai che generale pcr ga ..<br />

ranlirsi la lara fe<strong>de</strong>ltà. l'na<br />

volta finita questa guerra, sa.;<br />

.rebbe molto difficile per Sad:<br />

cam Hussein conservare il po.'.<br />

tere.<br />

~i"<br />

Teheran, Prigionieri di guerra iracheni inalberano una ironica caricatura di Hussein (Foto A.p.a.,.<br />

Awenire 14 ottobre 1987<br />

l guerriglieri curdi si fanno vivi sulla sorte <strong>de</strong>gli ita1ial1i<br />

rta.<br />

voce <strong>de</strong>iJ1Jnione patriottica curda ha aruuUlciato ieri che i<br />

, tre italiani (. D presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>i Cons!.<br />

: glio Coria nega pero agni ne5SQ rrd l'azione <strong>de</strong>i curdi f! la<br />

: missione italiana nel Golfo Pe\'$ico.<br />

leri l'ambasciatore iracheno a Roma il stato C01WocatO al .<br />

. la Fa.mesi.'la. ma L'Ontatti :-!sen/ati sono stati avviati anche<br />

eon le aulorità ira.-uane, alle quali g!i stessi rapltori sosten.<br />

gono di essere leçati da «ottime relazioni di amicizia». Resta.<br />

no in piedi pure 1collegamenti con i movimenti naziona1isti<br />

<strong>de</strong>i KlU"distan. che I1talia aveva altivato fm da! giorno <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

.pruna (~mpal'$a".<br />

42<br />

J~.t~


..<br />

Awenire servizio<br />

ilracconto di Mario Riva, sequestrata in Iraqnell984<br />

Sempre avanti, oasi dopo oasi<br />

«Beeo i miel cinque tneSlprigioniero<br />

<strong>de</strong>i curdi»<br />

Più stan£hezza chepaurà<br />

Nelle (oro a fianco<br />

e sorro. due immagini<br />

d/ guerr/glieri curd, cne da ann<<br />

lorrano per /'mdipen<strong>de</strong>nza <strong>de</strong>ll.<br />

loro parr/a. ogg/ divisa (ra<br />

Un/one Sov/er/ca. Iraq. Iran,<br />

- !, --h,a e S,ria<br />

Zl'RIGO ix prune parül~ so.<br />

no 5tate per loro, per i tre tee.<br />

nid italJani rapitl ill Iraq da<br />

gueniglI('ri Cl1rdi fiJokhameini,~.<br />

che" tre ~nni di di.<br />

stanza StalillO vivendo la sua<br />

stessa, allucmante esperien.<br />

zao «lvII spiace. nu spiace,<br />

provo tanta pena. Se potessi<br />

fanni sentire rlirei loro di<br />

stare calmi. di avere Iiducia<br />

e alle loro famigtie di essere<br />

forti. di avere una gran<strong>de</strong><br />

speranza». TI teenico coma.<br />

seo Mario Riva. 48anni, è sedu'o<br />

nel salotto <strong>de</strong>lla sua ca.<br />

sa zunghesc, al18 <strong>de</strong>lla Hopfpnstrasse.<br />

Con lui c'è la maglIe,<br />

Man.sa. una donna forte<br />

eè energir..a. come si conviene<br />

ad una Iiglia <strong>de</strong>lle monta.<br />

gne friulane. Per 147giorni.<br />

èal 4 febbrdlo 1984al 30 glU'.<br />

gno <strong>de</strong>lla stesso anne. ha at<br />

teso d.Jpoter riabbracciare il<br />

suo Mario. rapito dai curd.J<br />

mentre, msieme ad un collega<br />

d.J lavoro svizzero, da!<br />

cantiere stava nentrando al<br />

campo. Cmque mesl dW1.ssi.<br />

!T'J. senza avere I<strong>de</strong>a di casa:<br />

10'se 'ucee .... '" al marito. sen.<br />

7a '>3pt'1e cosa pt'nsare. E<br />

(jlH..'l nt(Jfîll'llo OSSL~SIVO.tornf-'l<br />

]') ~OP fO!l1l?ra:<br />

Cinque mesi con l'angO:<br />

scia e la disperazione nel<br />

cuore, costr<strong>et</strong>ta a tenersi<br />

<strong>de</strong>ntro tutto. Iingendo con la<br />

madre e la suocera, ignare<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla sorte <strong>de</strong>l marita. E<br />

quella IiglIa. Beatrice, che<br />

sapeva e p1al1geva. Fino a<br />

quel30 giugno, quando stava.<br />

seguemlo ill televisione un<br />

programma <strong>de</strong>dicato proprio<br />

al seq uestro <strong>de</strong>i marito<br />

e <strong>de</strong>U'altro teenico. Uno<br />

squillo breve. seguito da altri<br />

più lunghi. Un'internaziona.<br />

le da Istanbul: «M:nisa, sono<br />

Mario. Mi hanno lasciato an.<br />

dare. Sto bene, tomo a casa<br />

presto». La line di un incubo.<br />

A raccontarlo è Mario Riva,<br />

emigrato trent'anni fa in<br />

Svizzera, teenico <strong>de</strong>lla Hat.<br />

tHeiler, una ditta di Zwigo<br />

che si occupa di costruzioni<br />

e impianti, con appalti in<br />

Medioriente. Sembra tranquillo<br />

Mario, ma fuma una<br />

sigar<strong>et</strong>ta dopo l'altra. Quel<br />

ricordo. confessa, gIi fa veni.<br />

re un grappo alla gola e gli<br />

succe<strong>de</strong> t.Jtte le volte che<br />

sente che ad altri è te


ilresto ln Africa e nel Medioriente.<br />

Abblamo cantieri in<br />

Mozambico e Tanzania, pnsto<br />

torneremo in Etiopia pU'"'<br />

continuando l'attivltà in<br />

Irak e negli Emirati arabi. E'<br />

ovvio che in Asia, eon 10st.'l'<br />

to dl guerra, il nostro inter.<br />

vento ten<strong>de</strong> man mano a ridW"Si.A<br />

MoslÙ, ad esempio,<br />

le opere stanno per essere lÙtimate:<br />

tra qlla!che mese la<br />

linea sarà pronta, assicureremo<br />

la manutenzione per<br />

un armo do~ché questo<br />

lavoro per nOlsarà fl..nito»,<br />

Finita per iniziarne un al.<br />

tro e intanto i dipen<strong>de</strong>nu, in<br />

questa casa i tecnici, pas"a.<br />

no mesi e mesi lontani ci.','ll',<br />

sa. I pi~ preferiscono !lop "<br />

trasfenre la famigJia S':lg1iendo<br />

di conce<strong>de</strong>rsi lL 1' og: Ii ri u;a dl notizie.<br />

E cosi la ll'J,SSlune <strong>de</strong>I corn.<br />

n:ando dr~:'({Unione nallond.le<br />

<strong>de</strong>l KW"distan tnlchenIp)<br />

œ:;terà segr<strong>et</strong>a per W1<br />

mese. Gill


Awenire servizio<br />

SONDRIO<br />

CDnrin<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

aveva <strong>de</strong>ciso<br />

«Dueallui<br />

poi sm<strong>et</strong>to»<br />

Giacomo Cominew<br />

BlANWNE (Sondno)


ilGiornale<br />

servizio<br />

Un gioco al ricatto<br />

Cosa chè la ~'arnesina sta' Dai Quirinale Franœsoo damell~, è stato i1la.conico<br />

già cercando di fare da ql1al-. ('AlSlligasi tiene in continuo e Cliin'uniciitO diffuao ieri poo.<br />

che s<strong>et</strong>timana in mezzo a str<strong>et</strong>to contatto con ,Palazzo 1tf<strong>et</strong>iJlrio.- , , ngovenw t sOtto accusa perché ha ce<strong>de</strong>re a un tale nealto ..enza ridicolizzarc<br />

sc stes,Ç()e ilPaese che rappresen-<br />

mille difficoltà. Da una parte,<br />

infatti, il ministero <strong>de</strong>gli' <strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>lla Repubblica vuo-' gli .éaul,i crudi cercano di<br />

Chigi e la Farnesina.1I presi-<br />

Ua tutta F.uropa, intanto, taciuto la nolizia <strong>de</strong>i sequestri di teeo<br />

nici- italiani in Irak. E' un 'accusa la. lnoltrc, va tenuto conto <strong>de</strong>l falto<br />

K~teri è costr<strong>et</strong>to a seguire le le essere informato su agni spezzäre la cortina di miate- , strampalata.ll governo ha faltoben issima<br />

a taœre,. findri i SU/Uestralori Sporl più praticalo dalla guerriglia<br />

che il "'queslrodi teenici stranieri èlo<br />

normali vie diplomatiche sviluppo <strong>de</strong>lla vicenda. An-: ro e qei silenzl di<strong>et</strong>ro la quale' '<br />

con Bagdad. Sono canali ufliciali<br />

che non porta no pero siglio H<strong>et</strong>tino Craxi segue da n08tri connazional!. Da Lonta<br />

rivendicazione <strong>de</strong>i rapimentoauto-<br />

'ne.çsuno peno;ava di inviare navj da<br />

che I ex presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>i Con-, è n89COsta 'la prilPonia <strong>de</strong>i non hanno parlaJo./nfalti,la manca-<br />

curda {in dal '''àMJ'ando ancora<br />

a/(Ii stes.~i risultati che si potrehbero<br />

ottenere attraverso zione. Ieri il segr<strong>et</strong>ario socia-<br />

stenza, Omar De Babe, diri- eSsere risolto con una traltativa riser-<br />

,~trati sono Slati rilasciati, in cambio<br />

vicino l'evolversi <strong>de</strong>lla situadra,<br />

uno<strong>de</strong>i lea<strong>de</strong>r<strong>de</strong>li'a resi-' riuava a sperare che il CQSO potesse guérra nel Golfo. Fin qui, tutti i sequeuna<br />

trattativa dir<strong>et</strong>ta con i lista si è incontrato con il /(ente <strong>de</strong>ll'Unione patriotti-: vata. Era una speranza infondata, ma non ,çi sa bene di cusa. Probabilmente<br />

capi <strong>de</strong>lla guerriglia curda. rappresentante <strong>de</strong>ll'Oip Ne .. ca <strong>de</strong>i KurdÎlltan, ha 88.~icu-', questo 10 sappiamo solo da lunedi, di qualtrini. '<br />

Mentre si cerca in tutti ï mer Hammad per continuare<br />

i colloqui avuti nei giorni bene.,.Non dov<strong>et</strong>e preoccuciso<br />

di dare pubblicità al ricalto. Pri-<br />

cont/urre ilgioco, questi seque.stri po-<br />

rato che gli ostaggi stanno quando iguerriglieri curdi hanno <strong>de</strong>-<br />

Se sono i curdi, anche Slavolta, a<br />

modi di arrivare ad unasoluzione<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla vicenda, Palazzo 8Corsi a Tunisi con il lea<strong>de</strong>r paM per loro, sono in ottime ma di aUora, da parte italiana il riserho<br />

era pru<strong>de</strong>nte, e dunque doveroso. II riçchio è che questa volte'icurt# abtrannoe.çsere<br />

risoltl COIfU! iprece<strong>de</strong>nti.<br />

Chigi ha diramato in serata <strong>de</strong>U'organizzazione palestinese.<br />

Vasser Arafat. E' im-<br />

verrà fatto alcun male_ A Go che realmente sconcerta, in biarw agito per canto di Im qualche<br />

condizioni di salute e non g!i<br />

un comunicato dicendo la<br />

sua verità sul sequestro <strong>de</strong>i pressione di molli che Craxi patto, perà,che il governo i- questa faccenda, non't ilvelo che Farnesina<br />

e Pala:a.o Chigi vi hanna steso nega, ma non è davvero il casa di cre-<br />

ayatollah. T.amba.çciata iraniana la<br />

trI' tecnicL La presi<strong>de</strong>nza <strong>de</strong>i abbia sfruttato "occllKi"ne taliano a<strong>de</strong>risca alle richieste<br />

che gli sono state fatte.: sopra. E, invece, la meccanica di un <strong>de</strong>rle sulla 'parola, 11rapporta <strong>de</strong>i go-<br />

Consi/(Iio ha ammesso di essere<br />

stata tempcstivamente un canale segr<strong>et</strong>o con' i rih!ll- la Irna 'di Teheran nel suo sequestra in due riprese. Non c'è moti- verni oltranziçti islamicicon ilterrori-<br />

per aprire, aÜrsvill'110 l'Olp,<br />

informata <strong>de</strong>lla scomparsa Ii. -<br />

cnmunicato chie<strong>de</strong> il hlocco V(} di dubitClre che dopo ilprimo rapimenro,<br />

avvenuto a m<strong>et</strong>d s<strong>et</strong>tembre, i Charlot con il monel/u annato di fionsmo<br />

ricorda la .çoci<strong>et</strong>dfalta dal v<strong>et</strong>raio<br />

<strong>de</strong>i nostri connazionali in 1-, A qu"sto.si 1Ij{giu"l'onfl,11' <strong>de</strong>lle forniture militari italiane<br />

a Bagdad e it ritiro <strong>de</strong>l- twSln


ilGiornale<br />

Vivono in Italia<br />

209 iracheni<br />

e13 mUairaniani<br />

(eitreidanclestini)<br />

Roma - Quanti 80no i cittadini<br />

iraniani ed iracheni<br />

che vivono 8tabilmente in 1-<br />

talia? I dati forniti dal ministero<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Interno 80no fermi<br />

alluglio 8corao. Riguardano<br />

la legge 8uila r"'!ol~l'1 • .,t8-<br />

zione <strong>de</strong>i cittadwi extracomunitari.<br />

DaI cenalmento<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Viminale riau]ta<br />

che nel nostro Paese viven,)<br />

servizio<br />

oltre 13 mila iramani con regolare<br />

perme880 di 8oggiorno.<br />

Molti di loro, perseguitati,<br />

80no acappsti dal regime<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli ayatollah. Quella chè<br />

viene da Teheran è una <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

colonie più numeroee preaenti<br />

in tutto ilterritorio nazionale.<br />

Pochi, invece, 8Ono<br />

gli iracheni, appena 209.<br />

I dati (omiti dal Viminala<br />

non tengono perO conto <strong>de</strong>i<br />

numero <strong>de</strong>i clan<strong>de</strong>atini: 8i<br />

tratta di cittadini iraniani e<br />

lf8cheni entrati in queati &nni<br />

in Italiaconperme88ituri-<br />

~tld.<br />

((No a Khomeini))<br />

eSiraniani<br />

ci chiedono asilo<br />

dl eslere aeeolUIII ItaUa<br />

in atte .. dl poter rlsolve-.<br />

re la loro IlhIUloae. SI.<br />

tratta dlu .. cleo com.'<br />

poIto da mOJII~ e marlto<br />

plà n lratello tredlceJlJle<br />

dl: q<strong>et</strong>t'lIlthlla \6' ~ '.1<br />

SOIIO aggiUDU altrl d.e<br />

aomlat falflU leparata-<br />

Roma - Claqae elttadial<br />

lraalanl, che Il dIebtaraao<br />

coatrar! al relime<br />

khomelallta, loaD<br />

meate daU'lru.<br />

fermi da .. bato lCOno Vell media <strong>de</strong>i qaattro<br />

adaltl, ebe Iwmo pre-<br />

nella aaJa tranilU <strong>de</strong>O'<br />

aeroporto dl F1l1mlcIDo, ferlto evitare dl loraire<br />

perché prlvl dl documeat!.<br />

I claqae, ebe loaD d<strong>et</strong>tagll laI modo III enl<br />

le proprie geaerallll e<br />

lIantl a bordo dl an VOID loao riuseltl a es~trIareoè<br />

dl circa %5 aaäI. Del-<br />

dl nDU provenleate da<br />

Dama.co lw1Do eblesto<br />

la 11Irovlceada Il Ita oecupando<br />

a<strong>de</strong>llo l'alto<br />

commlssarlato <strong>de</strong>O'ODa<br />

per i rUagiaU pollUel elle<br />

ba Inviato agil an faaztoaarlo<br />

al .Leonardo da<br />

Vlacl- per I primi coatattI<br />

con Iclnqae.<br />

.Sono ... appato - racconta<br />

UDO dlloro - perché<br />

volev8Do farml tor.<br />

aare al fronte, In prima<br />

IInu, nella guerra coa I'<br />

Iraq. C'ero glA ltato ana<br />

volta e ml era .. Into<br />

per miracolo. Meora a-<br />

<strong>de</strong>na ml porto dl<strong>et</strong>ro I<br />

segal <strong>de</strong>lla gaerra eblmlca:<br />

ho probleml relplratori<br />

e agil oecbt. Dopo u<br />

perlodo dl cura ln an 0-<br />

spadale dl Teheraa ero<br />

tomato al miD luoro dl<br />

eommerclante e ltaVO<br />

lentamente rlcoltnea- '<br />

doml una vlta-.<br />

I rapitori sono solo una frazione d'un popolo smembrato e di fiere tradizioni<br />

Non criminalizziamo tutti i Curdi<br />

Che sia stelo un gmppo di gran<strong>de</strong> SaJakeddin, popolar- l'Irak,l'Unione Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica e la chi Ce<strong>de</strong>li e venne nominato<br />

Curdi a rapire i tre tecnici i- mente noto come .feroce Sataliani<br />

sembra proprio vero, ladino., oggi ai chiamano che risale al Trattato di Lamata<br />

Rossa<br />

Turchia con una spartizione da Stalin generale <strong>de</strong>ll'Ar-<br />

aebbene la rivendicazÎone Curdi. Di loro ai sanno poche sanna <strong>de</strong>i 1923. Nell941, in Da allora, la rivolta pres-I<br />

aia venuta da Beirut dove le coee, ma almeno due aicure: pie na guerra mondiale, l'Unione<br />

Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica attaccO l'I-<br />

ha dato filo da torcere all'I-<br />

aoché permanente <strong>de</strong>i Curdi<br />

aigle <strong>de</strong>i movimenti terrori-' aono <strong>de</strong>i fonnidabili guerriestiCI<br />

pro!ifera'1o e SpeSBOce- ri e avversano, con odio e. ran dal nord e gli inglesi da rak, all'Iran ealla Turchi&.<br />

Ip Il' moviment.i di diveraa quamentediatrlbuito,l'inten<br />

, !,. ce. E' invece un errore graliamo iraniano e il duro infatti concordi sulla neces-<br />

Teheran l' Bagdad, solo un<br />

sud, Stalin e Churchill erano Dopo l'inizio <strong>de</strong>lla guerra fra<br />

al" mire i rapimenti ai regime nazionaliata irache- aità di d<strong>et</strong>ronizzare Reza numero ristr<strong>et</strong>to di capi curdi<br />

ai è achierato apertamente<br />

Cur i nelloro insieme, quaai no. Anche la Turchia (dove Scià, gran<strong>de</strong> amico <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

l08S!ro un'<strong>et</strong>nia globalmen- vivono circa otto milioni di Germania n8ZÏata.<br />

con gli ayatollah non tanto<br />

1 e sdidale con gh inteKTaliati Curdi) ne conoace il feroce Ma Stalin carezzava anche<br />

un altro prog<strong>et</strong>to: creare, quanto per odio verso l'Irak<br />

per convinclmento politico,<br />

lciiti di Khomeini. Tutt'ai rihellismo.<br />

più, i Curdi che aff1ancano Di religione muaulmana a guerra fmita, un Kurdistan dove vivono almeno cinque<br />

"Ii iraniani sono una piutto- (sunnita) e tenacemente fe- indipen<strong>de</strong>nte - naturalmente<br />

aatellite <strong>de</strong>U'Uraa - Ii•.Fatte queate eccezioni, il<br />

milioni di loro cConnaziona-<br />

"to rlstr<strong>et</strong>ta manovalanz.a. d~li al.!a loro o~iginaria org~-<br />

E' d'altron<strong>de</strong> naturale che a- nlZZllZloneSOCiale- una Via BOtto la guida <strong>de</strong>i più leggendario<br />

personaggio <strong>de</strong>lla sto-<br />

re,r.one che riesee a aottrarai<br />

Kurdiatan è ancor oggi una<br />

gli ayatollah faocia eatrf'ma - di mezzo tra il tribsliamo e il<br />

mente comodo geatire le loro feudaleaimo - i Curdi che ria curds dopo il Saladino, all influenza <strong>de</strong>i due regimi<br />

0perazioni aenza apparirne rappreaentarono nei eecoli Muatafà el Barzani. Il prog<strong>et</strong>to<br />

venne realizzato neil' consiatenti gruppu8Coli (pe-<br />

antagoniati. Solo più 0 mena<br />

dir<strong>et</strong>tamente ~oinvolti. 8Corai la punta di diamante<br />

Se tutti i CUI:di - che ao. <strong>de</strong>ll'Islam,hannoinutilinenno<br />

aime no I.reŒci milioni te tentato, a più ripreae ed la proclamazione a Mahabad no alle di~n<strong>de</strong>nze iraniane.<br />

ultimo acomo <strong>de</strong>l 1945 con raltro efficientiaaimil opera-<br />

sparsi fra Iran, Irak, Sirla, ancbe in tempi recenti, di (Iran <strong>de</strong>l nord) <strong>de</strong>Ua Repubblica<br />

<strong>de</strong>mocratica curda, la l'Unione nazionaJe <strong>de</strong>i Kur-<br />

Fra qUestl figurerebhe anche<br />

1'urchia e Unione Sovi<strong>et</strong>ica creare uno Stato nazionaJe<br />

- C098eroalleati di Tf'heran, nel Kurdiatan.<br />

cui eaiatenza duro pero pochi distan iracheno che aarebhe<br />

i khomeinillti aVTebbero vin- Il Kurdiatan è una regione mesi, oesia fino a quando per reeponsabile <strong>de</strong>l rapimento<br />

to la g1)~rr8 ccn l'lrak ormai <strong>et</strong>nica <strong>de</strong>ll'Aaia sud-occlda<br />

anni, <strong>de</strong>ntale compresa Ua l'alta tici accolaero la richiesta anhe<br />

di un vero colpo di scena<br />

motivi di realpolitik i sovie-<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tre italiani. Si trattereb-<br />

Gii antic"i Medi <strong>de</strong>BMcui pianura m~potamica, l'Agestll<br />

Acris!'RSI'ofonu-l' che natolia orientale, l'Armenia Il Kurdistan BOtto la 8OVt'8.IlÎ-<br />

e rip<strong>et</strong>utamente proclamata<br />

glo-americana di Cartornare in quanto la Unki si è finora<br />

all'epoca <strong>de</strong>ile Crociate el,-I el'Auirbqian;edèpoliticahero<br />

per capo sunremo il mente sucfdiviAa tra l'Iran. zani riparà nell'Uraa con po-<br />

Ellc-io<br />

tà iraniana. Muatafà el Bar-<br />

comuniata<br />

Melaai<br />

LA STAMPA 15ottobre 1987<br />

~1sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario agli Esteri: Nessun messaggio <strong>de</strong>i rapitori kurdi<br />

«Non hanno chieslo un riscaHo»<br />

I tecnici sequestrati starebbero bene - Zanone: il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lla flotta ci farebbe per<strong>de</strong>re la credibilità - Atteso a Roma liceministro iraniano<br />

Ma la Camera era semi<strong>de</strong>serta<br />

ROMA - Il sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario<br />

agli Esteri Gilberto Bonalum!.<br />

durante il questIon<br />

time dl lerl. svoltosl alla Camera<br />

ln. un'aula pressoché<br />

<strong>de</strong>serta. ha inlormat.o che,<br />

llnora. •nesstm 'ileS uiniO 0<br />

riehlesta di rf ,~utto ~ peT/lenuto<br />

aile azien<strong>de</strong> presso le<br />

quaIi lavoravano i tre teenici<br />

rapitt •.<br />

Il rapp:-esentante ael governo<br />

ha anche precisato<br />

che 11 messagglo <strong>de</strong>l 12 ottobre<br />

nel quale si affermava<br />

che 1 tre tecnicl sono staU<br />

seotlpstrati per .protestare<br />

~o~tro gli aiutl italiani al<br />

regime iracheno e eontro la<br />

1>TesenzamilItare Itallana.<br />

Ilel Golfo. recava la firma<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan Iraqui natlonal<br />

mouvement. mentre gH<br />

autori <strong>de</strong>l sequestro sarebbero<br />

da I<strong>de</strong>ntificarsl nel<br />

gruppo Patnotlc unIon of<br />

Kurdistan.<br />

Dunque. In questa situa--<br />

zlone. il governo manUene<br />

ferma l'oplnione che non<br />

eslsta nesso tra Il sequestro<br />

e la missi one ne] Golfo e.<br />

stan do al tono <strong>de</strong>lla breve<br />

seduta di iert. questa poslzlone<br />

è stata sostanzialmente<br />

acc<strong>et</strong>tata dal Parlamento,<br />

sla Dure 'con l'eccezlone<br />

di <strong>de</strong>mocrazla prol<strong>et</strong>arla.<br />

.Debbo sottolineare - ha<br />

alfermato Bonalumi - che<br />

la linea costantemente seguita<br />

da tutti i Paesi ehe<br />

sono stati toccati da analoghi<br />

incresciosi episodi t<br />

~pre stata lmprontata<br />

alla cc" iegna <strong>de</strong>i massimo<br />

riserbo e dalla piit assoluta<br />

discre.ö'lone,sempre 'laturalmente<br />

nel risp<strong>et</strong>to, comun.<br />

que. da parte <strong>de</strong>l gOl'erno<br />

itallano. dl una permanente<br />

infonna.none <strong>de</strong>l familiari<br />

ed In str<strong>et</strong>ta collaborazlone<br />

con le a.nen<strong>de</strong> Interessate •.<br />

Le Informazlonl in possesso<br />

<strong>de</strong>I govemo confermano il<br />

buono stato dl salute <strong>de</strong>i tre<br />

tecnlcl.<br />

.La nostra ambasciata -<br />

ha agglunto Il sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario<br />

agH Esterl - infonn6<br />

-> 47


LA STAMPA<br />

servizio<br />

immediatamente le autorità .<br />

irachene ottenendo, come e<br />

usu'a/e in ta/i casi, /a /oro<br />

collaborazione •.<br />

In un'intervista concessa<br />

all'Europeo, che l'ha anticipata<br />

ieri. il ministro <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Difesa Valerio Zanone sostiene<br />

che sospen<strong>de</strong>re la<br />

missione in seguito al sequestra<br />

<strong>de</strong>i tecnici .significherebbe<br />

vanificarne le fina/ità,<br />

portare un duro co/-<br />

po alla so/idari<strong>et</strong>à occi<strong>de</strong>ntale<br />

e alla stessa azione dl<br />

pace intrapresa dall'Onu.,<br />

.Non parUamo poi - ag-.<br />

giunge il ministro - <strong>de</strong>l'<br />

danno Irrlmediabile che subirebbe<br />

/a nostra credibi/ltd<br />

internazionale •.<br />

Dibattito alla Camera (semi<strong>de</strong>~rta)<br />

ccDai kurcli nessuna richiesta))<br />

,<br />

• Ana Camera, in un'aula semi<strong>de</strong>serta, Il sottose-gr<strong>et</strong>arlo<br />

agil Ester! Bonalumi ha d<strong>et</strong>to ier! che le azien<strong>de</strong> per le quall<br />

lavorava.no I tre tecnJc1 raplt! in Iraq non hanna r!cevuto finora<br />

.nessun messaggjo e _714 rlclùesto. tU rise<strong>et</strong>to. da<br />

parte <strong>de</strong>I kurdi. La linea dl Roma rlmane .impronto.to. alla<br />

consegM <strong>de</strong>l 7Il4S3imoriserbo.; secondo le inlormazlonJ in<br />

possesso <strong>de</strong>i governo, 10stato dl salute <strong>de</strong>i sequestratl è buono.<br />

Bonaluml ha nbadlto che non esiste alcun nesso tra<br />

questa vlcenda e la guerra nel Golfo. n ministre <strong>de</strong>ll", Dltesa<br />

Zanone, ln un'intervista, ha d<strong>et</strong>to che .il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lla flotta<br />

farebbe crollare 14nostra cTedibtlild Internaelon4le.,<br />

• L'ambasclata d'Italia a Teheran ha chlesto la collabOrazlone<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iran per .Indlviduare I caMU più opportuni. per<br />

una trattatlva con I rapitor!, La s<strong>et</strong>timana prossima arrlverà<br />

a Roma Il vice ministro <strong>de</strong>gll Ester!lranJano.<br />

• Raid iracheno<br />

sul Kurdistan<br />

MANAMA - Radio<br />

Teheran ha comunlcato.<br />

che aerei lracheni hanna<br />

bombardato lerl un<br />

villaggio curdo nella<br />

zona irachena. Il bombardamento<br />

ha provocato,<br />

secondo Radio Teheran.<br />

11 mort! e 23 leriti<br />

tra ! quall vi sono<br />

donne e bambinI.<br />

• UeOl dlscusso<br />

coordlnamento<br />

nel Golfo<br />

L'AJA - Alti lunzlonar!<br />

<strong>de</strong>i s<strong>et</strong>te Paesl che<br />

lanno parte <strong>de</strong>ll'Unlone<br />

Europea Occi<strong>de</strong>ntale si<br />

sono incontrat! a1I'Aja<br />

per prosegulre le consultazloni<br />

sul Oolfo. E'<br />

stata dlscussa ./a p~nbtlita<br />

<strong>de</strong>l mtgUoram.ento<br />

<strong>de</strong>i contalti allo scopodl<br />

rafforeare Il coordinamento<br />

a livelID pratico e<br />

tccnico<strong>de</strong>l/e operazlonl<br />

nel Golfo. (Agl)<br />

(cRflCkei <strong>de</strong>i kurdi slJJlle imprese illllianeJJ<br />

MILANO - Nel Kurdistan,<br />

per le imprese italiane<br />

co!jlcome per qualsiasi altra<br />

impresa non irachena, è<br />

come lavarare sotto due padrOn!:<br />

lino che assegna l'appalto<br />

e l'a1tro ehc pr<strong>et</strong>en<strong>de</strong> il<br />

subappalto, più 0 mena ,sotto<br />

banco. Uno è il governo trn-'<br />

cheno dl Saddam Hussein,<br />

l'altro sarebbe Il governo<br />

ombra kurdo. QlIella zona, Il<br />

Kurdistan, è softo controlla:<br />

chi vuol IQvorare pap, chi<br />

vince la gara d'appalto <strong>de</strong>ve<br />

m<strong>et</strong>ter in conto il subappalto<br />

Ċhi resta fuori, chi non è<br />

. nuscito ad ottenere l'appal-.<br />

to, ora si sloga. Slogo comprenslbilmente<br />

anonlmo: .Il<br />

Kurdisto.n come 14 Sicilia,<br />

per usare una m<strong>et</strong>o.fora chiarissima<br />

- s"piega il responsabile<br />

.pi un'impresa dl costruzloni<br />

ben quotata anche<br />

in Borsa -. Come nella nostra<br />

lrpinia <strong>de</strong>l dopo terremota,<br />

dove chi voleva l'appalto<br />

per la ricostruzione n Il<br />

dovuto 4Ccordare con la ca-<br />

1IWm1 di Raffaele Cutolo.<br />

Ma non e unD scandalo, almena<br />

per chi e <strong>de</strong>l s<strong>et</strong>tore.<br />

Non Il U714novild. Da .quelle'<br />

parti e sempre stata' con. lntennedian,<br />

poi, ce ne sono<br />

fin troppi: a partire da casa<br />

nostra_.<br />

Da quelle parti sono cinque<br />

le azien<strong>de</strong> itallane al 10.-<br />

voro: Ole e Sae. il consorzio<br />

lmpresit, ltalstat, Girola e<br />

Lodigiani. I tre tecnici sequestratl<br />

sono due <strong>de</strong>lla Oie<br />

e uno <strong>de</strong>lla Sac. Ovvio che,<br />

in questl moment!, dalle 50-<br />

cl<strong>et</strong>l\ non arrlvino altro che<br />

comunicati ufficiali: tutti<br />

tranquillizzantl, beneaugurant!,<br />

ottimlstlci quasi. Vero<br />

è che lavarare nel Kurdistan,<br />

da <strong>de</strong>cenni, vuol dire<br />

conoscere canali diplomatici<br />

parelleU e sicuri. Ole e Sac si<br />

richiamano a .prece<strong>de</strong>nt\.<br />

(che, nessuno aveva mai conosciuto,<br />

tranne il ministero<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli Esten) conclusi alla<br />

meglio.<br />

.1 contratti - dice un'a1-<br />

tra voce di un'impresa interessal.&.<br />

in oassato: agli appalti<br />

in Iraq - sono flrml1tl<br />

con tl governo di Bagluù1d; a<br />

nOf,<strong>de</strong>i kurdl, non dovrebbe<br />

'Importare nul/a ..... E Jnvece<br />

non sarebbe cosl. .[nvece -<br />

chiarlsce un altro manager<br />

- anche se i nostn accordi<br />

sarebbero con 11Soe, 10State'<br />

Organization at Electricity,<br />

l'Enel trachcno, dobblamo<br />

fare i conti con il mOlrimento<br />

kurdo. Epensare che per vincere<br />

una gara d'appalto battfamo<br />

gli amencanf <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

General Electnc, i giappone-'<br />

sf <strong>de</strong>lla Mltsubishl, glf svizzen<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla Broum Boven .....<br />

Le imprese ItaUane, nonostante<br />

Ie dUllcolta. restano<br />

nel Kurdistan. E l'appalto<br />

!racheno. nonostante i kurdi,<br />

è ricercato. Un interventa,<br />

quelio italiano, che si allarga<br />

ad altre piccole imprese.<br />

Se Ole e Sae hanna commesse<br />

per la costruzione dl<br />

centrali Idroel<strong>et</strong>triche, In<br />

realtà la lara presenza si limita<br />

alla sovrlnten<strong>de</strong>nza.<br />

Pochi l1ipen<strong>de</strong>ntl Invlatl sul<br />

posta: Il responsablle di cantiere,<br />

il responsablle <strong>de</strong>i materiaU,<br />

insomma I dir<strong>et</strong>torl<br />

d'opera. Pol, come ai tecnlcl<br />

speclaUzzat! <strong>de</strong>ll'El<strong>et</strong>tra prog<strong>et</strong>t!<br />

dl Novara: Il collaudo<br />

Impiant!.<br />

Un altro dirigente: .CI accordiamo,<br />

0 meglfo si accordano,<br />

con il governo di Saddam<br />

Hussein, pero esiste<br />

questa pesante influenza <strong>de</strong>i<br />

kurdl. un ~nfluenza che solo<br />

a<strong>de</strong>sso sembra esser stata<br />

scoperta e al contrario esisle<br />

da almenD vent'anni. Un influenza<br />

che e pesante, pesantissima,<br />

più si lavora nelle<br />

zone <strong>de</strong>i lorD confini. In Iraq<br />

chi lal>ora nel Kurdistan per<br />

conlo <strong>de</strong>i governo di Saddam,<br />

<strong>de</strong>IJC pagare il dazio ai<br />

kurdi. Altrimenti non si lavorall,<br />

Condlzloni di lavoro che<br />

vengono acc<strong>et</strong>tate per mot!-<br />

vi dl sicurezza. Una r<strong>et</strong>e<br />

eleUrica per la centrale di<br />

Mosul, nella zona di confltie<br />

regionale, in questl glomi<br />

sta per essere ultimata da<br />

operai kurd!. Ai tecnicl ltaliani<br />

solo la consulenza per<br />

reallzzazione e collaudi. C'è<br />

chi sostiene che questa sla la<br />

prima condizione per garantIre<br />

la slcurezza durante I lavor!;<br />

e c'è chi, al contrario,<br />

nbatte: .Non e vero, l'accorda<br />

preve<strong>de</strong> manodopera tereomontUsto..<br />

Se glf accord!'<br />

non sono mu tati ln queste<br />

ultime s<strong>et</strong>timane, chi Il allavoro<br />

e soprattutto di naeionalitâ<br />

pakisto.na •.<br />

Almena 235 azIen<strong>de</strong> itallane,<br />

nell'ultimo biennlo, sono<br />

state interessate agil appaltl<br />

in Iraq. Giovanni Cerruti<br />

L'italia cerca collaborazione<br />

. ,<br />

a Teheran<br />

'ROMA - Sui tre ito.liani<br />

rapiti dai kurdt fila-iranianl<br />

teri è scesa una cortina di n-<br />

leazio. Le rassicuranti dichiaraeioni<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli esponenti<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla resisten.ea kurda provenien<br />

ti da Londro e Pnrigi<br />

. non hanno avuto ulteriore<br />

ceo. E al silenzio <strong>de</strong>i rapitori<br />

n e abbtnato il comprensibtle<br />

riserbo man tenuto da parte<br />

italiana che attraverso la<br />

cosidd<strong>et</strong>ta .dlplomazla segr<strong>et</strong>a.<br />

conta di avvtare i<br />

contalti necessari per ottenere<br />

il rilascio <strong>de</strong>i tre ostaggt.<br />

In questo quadro, si inserisce<br />

una novità: un passo<br />

umanitano compiuto dalla<br />

nostra ambasciata a Tehe-<br />

.ran presso Il regime khomeinlsta<br />

per ottenere la collaborazlone<br />

<strong>de</strong>/l'lran .nella Indlvlduazione<br />

<strong>de</strong>i canali più opportuni.<br />

per giungere a lin<br />

contatto dir<strong>et</strong>to con glt es~<br />

ner.ti <strong>de</strong>/l'Unione patriottica<br />

48<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Kurdtstan Iracheno.<br />

Questa dir<strong>et</strong>tiva impartita<br />

dalla Farnenna alla nostra<br />

ambasclato. nella capito.le<br />

iraniana sul piano umanltario,<br />

come si tiene a specificare<br />

a Roma allu<strong>de</strong>ndo a/l'opera<br />

di organizeazioni come la<br />

.Mezealuna rossa., ha trovata<br />

pero un puntuale riscontro<br />

politico. Fonti diplomatiche<br />

hanno rivelato che la<br />

s!'ttimana prossima giungera<br />

a Roma, in un giorno ancora<br />

da preclsare, il viceministro<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli Esteri di Teheran, Mohamed<br />

Laranjani, che <strong>de</strong>si<strong>de</strong>ra<br />

incontrarsi con Andreotti.<br />

La Farnesina tiene a<br />

precisare che /a visita di Laranjani<br />

non ha nuUa a che<br />

ve<strong>de</strong>re con il .caso. <strong>de</strong>i tre<br />

tecnici rapiti ne/l'Iraq. Ma si<br />

inserisee neUe manovre di-<br />

tariD generale <strong>de</strong>U'Onu <strong>de</strong><br />

Ctdllar.<br />

Lo presi<strong>de</strong>nza di turno <strong>de</strong>i<br />

Consiglio di sicureeza <strong>de</strong>Ue<br />

Nazioni Unite d<strong>et</strong>enuta per<br />

questo mese dal/'ltalia avvalora<br />

certamen te la missione<br />

di Loranjani a Roma. Ma appare<br />

scontato che Andreotti<br />

cogliera quest'occasione per<br />

rinnovare al rappresen tan te<br />

di Teheran la nchiesta italiana<br />

dl • buoni uffici. presso<br />

il gruppe kurdo che ha rivendicato<br />

il rapirnento <strong>de</strong>i<br />

nostri tre tecnicl e che ha<br />

una se<strong>de</strong> anche nella capitale<br />

iraniana. Di più ufficialmente<br />

non si vuol dire a<br />

Roma, per non caricare di<br />

troppi significatl il pros~1mo<br />

incontro romano fra il ministro<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli Esteri e il SUDcole<br />

lega Iraniano e per rischiare<br />

plomatiche in atto neUe ultime<br />

s<strong>et</strong>timane per rilanclare<br />

di comprom<strong>et</strong>tere.<br />

1'cie1onemedia tri ce <strong>de</strong>l segre- .<br />

per troppa<br />

pubblicita. quei contaUi<br />

confi<strong>de</strong>nZtali che in quest!<br />

casi sono la chiave migliore<br />

per ottenere il rilascio <strong>de</strong>i rapiti.<br />

Intervenendo a un dibattito<br />

organizzato da dp a<br />

Roma, ieri un esponente <strong>de</strong>ll<br />

'Unione patrioUica <strong>de</strong>l Kurdistan<br />

ha voluto ndimensionare<br />

la porta ta <strong>de</strong>i legami<br />

che uniscono la sua forma-<br />

,zoione al regime iraniano,<br />

proprio per non esporre Teheran<br />

a un ruolo di prima<br />

fi/a in questo .caso •.• Non<br />

c'è nessuna alleanza politlca<br />

fra noi e l'Iran - ha sostenuto<br />

Ahmad Darwish -. Acc<strong>et</strong>tiamo<br />

semplicemente una<br />

certa collaborazlone militare<br />

dagli iraniani per rovesciare<br />

il governo iracheno. Il nostro<br />

obi<strong>et</strong>tivo comune è solo<br />

la caduta di Saddam Hussein.<br />

Senza dl lui potremmo<br />

avere la posslbilita di formare<br />

uno Stato kurdo-. L'esponente<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Upk ha proseguito<br />

affermando che .Ie compagnie<br />

stra.nlere a1l'opera in<br />

Iraq alutano dl fatto Il regime<br />

lasclsta di Saddam Hussein,<br />

che non rlsp<strong>et</strong>ta I dinttI<br />

umani e martirizza la nostra<br />

popolazione civile ucci<strong>de</strong>ndo<br />

donne e bambini con<br />

gas e armi chimiche. Ottocentomila<br />

persane sono state<br />

<strong>de</strong>portate e rinchiuse in<br />

campi di raccolta nel Sud<br />

<strong>de</strong>I Paese •.<br />

NeU'amblto dl questa lotta<br />

di liberazione nazianale, I "-<br />

beUi sequestrano i /avoratori<br />

stranieri per far conoscere al<br />

mondo il genocidio che rischiano<br />

i kurdi e per far cessare<br />

gli aiutl al governo iracheno<br />

.• Senza gU aiutl <strong>de</strong>l-<br />

)'Occi<strong>de</strong>nte e <strong>de</strong>ll'Arabla<br />

Saudita, il regime iracheno<br />

sarebbe glà stato spazzato<br />

via. ha concluso l'esponente<br />

<strong>de</strong>Ua guerrlglia.<br />

Paolo Patruno


,<br />

P.ABSBSEBA<br />

15 ottobre 1987<br />

Intervista a Paese Sera <strong>de</strong>l capo <strong>de</strong>ll'«Unione patriottie~\\ (lllrOR ~ T I)nnra<br />

le n<br />

condizioni"<br />

Per il primo rapito chœ<strong>de</strong> maschere antigos, per gli altri il ritiro <strong>de</strong>llà flotta<br />

LONDRA. I tre ostaggi ita!iani<br />

in mano all"Unione patriottica<br />

<strong>de</strong>I Kurdistan" potrebbero<br />

finire in due diverse<br />

direzioni. Lo spiega in' un'intervista<br />

a "Paese Sera" Omar<br />

Mustafa, rappresentante <strong>de</strong>i<br />

curdi a Londra. ((Per la liberazione<br />

di Curnin<strong>et</strong>ti - ha d<strong>et</strong>to<br />

-chiediamo 5000 maschere<br />

antigas e una potente antenna.<br />

Per Carrara e Diotal.<br />

levi vogliamo il ritiro <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

flotta italiana da! Golfo». Ieri,<br />

il sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario Bona!umi<br />

ha risposto alla Camera<br />

alle interrogazioni di tutti i<br />

partiti: non c'è un messaggio<br />

preciso <strong>de</strong>i rapitori, ha d<strong>et</strong>to.<br />

«Continueremo a seguire la<br />

linea <strong>de</strong>l silenzio».<br />

Un nuooo tour a Romn<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'inviato di Kho11œini<br />

ROMA. Su richiesta ïnupana si svolgerà all'inizio <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

prossima s<strong>et</strong>timana a Roma un colloquio tra il vice mini.<br />

stro <strong>de</strong>g1iesteri di Teheran, Mohamed Larijani, e il ministro<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli esten Giulio Andreotti. Fonti diplomatiche<br />

hanno confermato che il braccio <strong>de</strong>stro di Velayati ha<br />

chiesto di incontrare Andreotti nella qualità di presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

di turno <strong>de</strong>I Consiglio di sicurezza <strong>de</strong>ll'Onu.<br />

il colloquio avrà probabilmente a! centro il prosieguo<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'iniziativa <strong>de</strong>l segr<strong>et</strong>ario <strong>de</strong>ll'Onu Perez <strong>de</strong> Cuellar<br />

per l'attuazione <strong>de</strong>lla tregua nel Golfo.<br />

',-----<br />

Esclusivo. Intervista<br />

al lea<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>i curdi a Londra<br />

Condizioni separate œr ilrilascio<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli italiani. In cambfO"di Cumin<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

cinquemila maschere antigas e una radio~<br />

.Gli altri ogg<strong>et</strong>to diuna trattativa .<br />

politica.


PAESESEBA Per due pl~ezzopiù alto servizio •<br />

cil Rlcc8nfo Malley<br />

. LONDRA. C'è una separazione<br />

nelle condizioni per il rUa".<br />

scia <strong>de</strong>i tre ost.aggi itallani se- .<br />

questrati dai guerrigJieri<br />

curdi, al punto da dissipare i<br />

dubbi su una d<strong>et</strong>erminante<br />

regia iraniana.<br />

Per il rilascio di Giacomo<br />

Curnin<strong>et</strong>ti, rapito il 14 s<strong>et</strong>tembre<br />

(quando la presenza<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle nostre navi nel Golfo<br />

non era ancora scontata),<br />

viene chiesta poca roba:<br />

c


•<br />

•<br />

PABSB SEBA<br />

. sel'VÏZio<br />

ilgavema rispan<strong>de</strong> alle interrogazioni sul sequestra<br />

-"'Vonsi sa con chi trattare<br />

ROMA. Il governo non sa ancora esattamente<br />

chi abbia sequestrato i tre tecnici<br />

italiani in Iraq. Lo ha confermato ieri il<br />

sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario agli Esteri Gilberto Bonalumi<br />

rispon<strong>de</strong>ndo alla Camera alle<br />

interrogazioni sui silenzi <strong>de</strong>lla Farnesina<br />

(il primo rapimento avvenne tra il14<br />

e il 15 s<strong>et</strong>tembre) e sulle possibili connessioni<br />

con l'invio <strong>de</strong>lla flotta nel Golfo.<br />

Il governo - ha spiegato Bonalumi<br />

- continuerà a mantenere una linea di<br />

riserbo e di assoluta discrezione, «una<br />

scelta che il ministro <strong>de</strong>gli Esteri inten<strong>de</strong><br />

seguire per tutelare l'incolumità <strong>de</strong>gli<br />

ostaggi». «E anche perché - ha precisato<br />

- una linea diversa comporterebbe<br />

l'avvenuta individuazione di isti.<br />

tuzioni e interlocutori certi, cosa spesso<br />

non possibile in situazioni <strong>de</strong>I genere».<br />

Il sottosegr<strong>et</strong>ario ha perà afTermato che<br />

da notizie irachene il sequestro non sarebbe<br />

opera <strong>de</strong>I gruppo curdo che ]0 rivendicà<br />

quattro giorni fa chie<strong>de</strong>ndo il<br />

ritiro <strong>de</strong>lle nostre navi dal'Golfo, bensi<br />

di un'aUra formazione curda, la «Patriotic<br />

Union for Kurdistan», capeggiata da}<br />

lea<strong>de</strong>r Talamani.<br />

Secondo Bonalumi non solo non vi è<br />

confli tto tra Farnesina, palazzo Chigi e<br />

il Quirinale, ma l'evolversi <strong>de</strong>lla vicenda<br />

sarebbe seguita costantemente da<br />

Andreotti e da Goria. Le notizie dall'Iraq<br />

confermerebbero poi che i rapiti sono<br />

incolumi. Inflne nessun messaggio 0<br />

richiesta di riscatto è arrivata alle ditte<br />

presso cui lavorano Giacomo Cornin<strong>et</strong>ti,<br />

Roberto Diotallevi e Giuseppe Carrara.<br />

Nel dibattito le opposizioni di s~~<br />

stra hanno soprattutto individuat(}~ui1<br />

collegamento tra la missione nel Golfo e<br />

il rapimento e hanno polemizzato con<br />

l'eccesso di riserbo che ha tagliato fuori<br />

il Quirinale dai canali di informazione.<br />

Il radicale Rutelli ha polemizzato: «ll governo<br />

sta afTondando nel ridicolo e nella<br />

vergogna <strong>de</strong>lla confusione <strong>de</strong>lla sua<br />

azione, se è vero che neanche il capo <strong>de</strong>l-<br />

10 Stato era informato <strong>de</strong>l rapimento». II<br />

<strong>de</strong>moprol<strong>et</strong>ario Capanna ha criticato:<br />

«Inutile nascon<strong>de</strong>rci che se la cosa si<br />

fosse saputa prima <strong>de</strong>l secondo dibattito<br />

parlamentare sul Golfo molte valutazioni<br />

sulla missione militare sarebbero state<br />

diverse». Il ver<strong>de</strong> Savoldi ha aggiunto:<br />

«La mancata informazione g<strong>et</strong>ta<br />

un'ombra su tutta l'iniziativa italiana<br />

nel Golfo» e ha chiesto al governo di far<br />

rientrare la flotta. Anche l'indipen<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

di sinistra Stefano Rodotà ha accusato:<br />

«La presenza militare ha sicuramente<br />

accresciuto le occasioni di rischio».<br />

Il comunista Napolitano ha domandato<br />

al governo se, <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>ndo la spedi-<br />

. zione, si tenne conto di tutte le possibili<br />

compiicazioni e ha sollecitato «una<br />

chiara presa di posizione contro ogni<br />

fornitura di arroi ad ~ran e Iraq e l'assoluta<br />

?eutralità italiana tra i due belligeran~1».D!fesa<br />

<strong>de</strong>I governo da repubblicanI,<br />

soclal<strong>de</strong>mocratici, <strong>de</strong>mocristiani<br />

liberali che escludono connessioni tra il<br />

sequestro e la task-force nel Golfo.<br />

«Qualche riserva» è stata invece espressa<br />

dal socialista BufToni il quale ve<strong>de</strong><br />

nelle dichiarazioni di Bonalumi la conferma<br />

«<strong>de</strong>I mancato coordinamento ai<br />

più .!lUilivelli di governo».<br />

i.pa.<br />

-)<br />

51


PABSE SEBA. servizio<br />

Raeeonta un teenieo italiano. «COS! ho vissuto tra i eurdi: ogni<br />

giorno una sfida»<br />

quasi da<br />

meravlgliarsi che rapimenli<br />

c scomparse non siano case<br />

di tutti i giorni Ne parla con<br />

Giuseppe t'aIT l, un L""'IHl-U<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla «Nalco italiana spa»<br />

(fornisce prodotti chimici<br />

per il trattamento <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

acque) che ho conosciuto 10<br />

scorso anno a Baghdad. Ogni<br />

giorno ci incontravamo nella<br />

hall <strong>de</strong>l «Palestine' Hotel» e<br />

lui mi diceva quell" che sarebbe<br />

stata la sua <strong>de</strong>stinazione:<br />

«Oggi vado a Mosul ... 00-<br />

mani sono a Kirkuk ...»; e 10<br />

incontravo la sera, al ritorno,<br />

stanco ma tranquilla nell'edificio<br />

dorato che, come<br />

tutti i grandi alberghi <strong>de</strong>i<br />

mondo, ti fa sentire in uno<br />

stato di extraterritorialità, in<br />

un limbo dove scmbra che<br />

mai nulla ti <strong>de</strong>bba acca<strong>de</strong>re<br />

(l'unico pensiero che ti pren<strong>de</strong><br />

prima di dormire è quella<br />

di un missile notturno, vista<br />

che ~ alberghi sono costruziom<br />

a grattacielo e quindi<br />

molto esposte).<br />

«Se riesci a tornare a Bagdad<br />

- dice Parri nel suo ufficio<br />

romano <strong>de</strong>ll'Eur - sei a<br />

posta. Ma <strong>de</strong>vi partire per<br />

tempo, almena prima <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

17.Più tardi diventa pericolosa<br />

Melli il casa che buchi<br />

una ruota e ti sorpren<strong>de</strong> il<br />

buio. Dopa una certa ara la<br />

strada che porta alla capitale<br />

viene addirittura chiusa dalle<br />

autorità irachene. Lora sono<br />

i primi a sapere il pericolo<br />

che si corre».<br />

«Certa. Non vaglio discute.<br />

re le lara ragioni, che saranno<br />

sacrosante. Pero la prima<br />

casa che viene raccont.ata a<br />

chi arriva in Iraq è che il far.<br />

macista, dopo aver chiuso<br />

bottega, si arma di fucile e si<br />

aPt>Ostalungo la strada. Forse<br />

e come una barzell<strong>et</strong>ta sui<br />

carabinieri. E' inventata, ma<br />

i curdi erano famosi per assa.<br />

lire le caravane che risaliva.<br />

no il Golfo».<br />

-Paura?<br />

«Spesso e malta. Quando si<br />

va negli stabilimenti p<strong>et</strong>roliferi<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Nord <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq, ci alloggiano<br />

in certe foresterie ai<br />

bordi <strong>de</strong>l campo per nulla<br />

prot<strong>et</strong>te_ Sono zone isolate, ai<br />

limiti <strong>de</strong>i <strong>de</strong>serta. Le finestre<br />

hanna v<strong>et</strong>ri e null'altro. Una<br />

natte è toccata anche a me<br />

dormirci. Allara ho preso<br />

dalla cucina un grosso coltel-<br />

10,l'ho messo sotta il cuscino<br />

e ho dormito con un occhio<br />

solo. Ed era già fortunato ad<br />

avere una costruzione in<br />

mattoni. Altri vivona in roulotte,<br />

in cas<strong>et</strong>te prefabbricate,<br />

nei containers che sono<br />

serviti a traspartare macchine<br />

e material!. Ci m<strong>et</strong>tonQ un<br />

apparecchio per l'aria condizionata<br />

e via».<br />

- I campi non vengono<br />

recintati?<br />

«La recinzione costa».<br />

- E nessuno vi avverte<br />

<strong>de</strong>I pericolo? Le autorità<br />

iracbene'" 0 l'ambasciata<br />

italiana ..•<br />

«Per carità, nessuno cidice<br />

qualcosa. la ho ratto esperienza<br />

da solo. E poi noi <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

piccole ditte facciamo visite<br />

brevi, ci spostiamo rapidamente.<br />

Per chi resta lungh1<br />

periodi è più pericoloso. Pero<br />

quelli come me sono più<br />

esposti in un altro senso. Per<br />

muoverci nei paesi arabi ci<br />

portiamo di<strong>et</strong>ro una somma<br />

di dollari e questa ci fa anche<br />

apparire come una preda<br />

app<strong>et</strong>itosa per la <strong>de</strong>linquenzacomune».<br />

- Ma non ci sono albergbi<br />

incui alloggiare?<br />

«Non in queste cittadine.<br />

Quelli esistenti, hé, meglio<br />

non parlarne. Un'ultima casa.<br />

Mi dispiace per i tre sequestrati.<br />

Potrebbe essere<br />

capitato a me. E non è d<strong>et</strong>to<br />

che non abbia corso questo<br />

perico)o. A<strong>de</strong>sso non ho in<br />

previsione akun viaggio da<br />

quelle parti. E se raccontassi<br />

che mi dispiace direi una bu.<br />

gia».<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Un gruppo dl guerrlgllerl<br />

nel Kurdistan, In una zona<br />

vicino à Mosul dove sono slatt<br />

raplll I Ire lecnlclltallanl.<br />

52


•<br />

•<br />

Gli ayatollah rivelano: colpiti centri controliati dai gueniglieri filo-iraniani<br />

PABSB SEBA Bagdad spara sui villaggi curdi<br />

noslro<br />

servlzlo<br />

DUBAI. Nel mirino <strong>de</strong>i j<strong>et</strong> di<br />

Bagdad ci sono anche i curdi.<br />

Undici morti e ven titre feriti<br />

costituiscono il bilancio <strong>de</strong>i<br />

raid condotto su un villaggio<br />

ai contini <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq. Radio Te<br />

heran dà notizia anche di<br />

un'altra incursione <strong>de</strong>ll'artiglieria<br />

irachena contra abitazioni<br />

cur<strong>de</strong> nella zona di Kirkuk<br />

per dissua<strong>de</strong>re la popolazione<br />

a dare assistenza ai<br />

guerriglieri filo-iraniani. La<br />

battaglia <strong>de</strong>i Golfo si sposta,<br />

in continuazione, dalla terra<br />

al mare. L'Iran torna protagonista<br />

nella aggressioni alle<br />

p<strong>et</strong>roliere. Stavolta i pasdaran<br />

hanna mitragliato nella<br />

natte la nave da carico liberiana<br />

Atlantic Peace, di<br />

84.631tonnellate. L'unità, seconda<br />

quanta ha riferito il<br />

comandante, ha riportato<br />

dan ni di lieve entità_ Nessuno<br />

<strong>de</strong>i componenti <strong>de</strong>ll'equipaggio<br />

è rimasto ferito.<br />

Secondo funzionari <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

soci<strong>et</strong>à armatrici che opera.<br />

no nella regione, le cannaniere<br />

iraniane hanna ripreso ad<br />

interc<strong>et</strong>tare le navi che en.<br />

trano nel Golfo, controllan.<br />

done i carichi e la <strong>de</strong>stinazio.<br />

ne. Sono intanto dall'altro ie.<br />

ri a Kuwait quattra p<strong>et</strong>rolie.<br />

re battenti bandiera Usa che<br />

hanna attraversato 10str<strong>et</strong>to<br />

di Hormuz dando vita all'un.<br />

dicesimo convoglio che, scortata<br />

da navi da guerra statu.<br />

nitensi, ha soltato il Golfo da<br />

quando è iniziata l'operazio.<br />

ne reflagging.<br />

Al di là <strong>de</strong>llo str<strong>et</strong>to di Hormuz,<br />

in mezzo ad uno <strong>de</strong>i più<br />

battutti tratti <strong>de</strong>i mare di<br />

Oman, il Milazzo e il Sapri<br />

hanno iniziato la missione<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle cacciamine italiane in<br />

una regione investita dagli<br />

eff<strong>et</strong>ti <strong>de</strong>lla guerra tra Iran e<br />

Le roœiamine italiane iniziaruJ la bonijiœ<br />

<strong>de</strong>i mare di Oman ron le navi<br />

di Inghilterra e Francia. Gli Usa rinwu:iarw<br />

per Dra a rinjorzare lapresenza militare<br />

Iraq. E' stato precisato che il<br />

lavoro <strong>de</strong>lle due unità, alle<br />

quali sta per aggiungersi il<br />

Vieste, è cominciato alle Il,<br />

in acque internazionali, al<br />

largo <strong>de</strong>lle coste <strong>de</strong>gli Emira.<br />

ti, in un area in cui 10scorso<br />

anno esplose la guerra <strong>de</strong>lle<br />

mine e dove anche negli ulti.<br />

mi giorni sono stati ritrovati<br />

ordigni da navi inglesi e francesi.<br />

Il Milazzo e il Sapri si<br />

trovano non malta lantana<br />

da dove sono impegnate due<br />

cacciamine britanniche. Nel<br />

tratta dove sana Ie unità ita.<br />

liane si formerà, 0 comunque<br />

transiterà, il seconda con voglio<br />

tricolore impegnato nel<br />

Quell'ombrello Usa<br />

a<strong>de</strong>sso<br />

fa proprio paura<br />

dl Arnaldo Agosllnl<br />

La gran<strong>de</strong> ala prot<strong>et</strong>trice<br />

americana sta<br />

per «coprire») tutto e<br />

tutti, come - fin dall'inizio<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'avventura nel Golfoqualcuno<br />

aveva dato per<br />

scontato. Lü scenario è stato<br />

<strong>de</strong>scritto da Luigi Caligaris<br />

sul Carriere <strong>de</strong>lla Sera.<br />

Gli Stati Uniti - sostiene<br />

Caligaris - sono oggi<br />

disposti a rischiare, a ditTerenza<br />

di quanto avvenne<br />

nel Libano: ••Reagan<br />

avrebbe infatti accolto la<br />

richiesta di non ritirarsi<br />

da! Golfo, anche in casa' di<br />

perdite gravi. Questo ren<strong>de</strong><br />

la "coercive diplomacy"<br />

militarmente credibile).<br />

Washington, insomma, è<br />

pronta: se l'Iran dovesse<br />

provarci, la risposta sareb-<br />

Golfo - dopo quella <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Jolly Turchese -, atteso a<br />

Dubaï per lunedi e che dovrebbe<br />

essere composto dal<br />

mercantile Merzario Italia e<br />

da due fregate. Sosta ancora<br />

a Muscate, nel sultanato di<br />

Oman, la p<strong>et</strong>roliera italiana<br />

Ambronia, per la quale non<br />

era stata disposta inizial.<br />

mante la scorta e che potrebbe<br />

puntare sul Golfo.<br />

Washington ha precisato<br />

che per ora la flotta Usa si Iimiterà<br />

a scortare le p<strong>et</strong>roliere<br />

kuwaitiane con bandiera a<br />

stelle e a strisce e non andrà<br />

in soccorso di altre navi<br />

fi'<br />

L'Aja. L'Europa si sforza<br />

di coordinare le flotte<br />

L'AJA. Riunione all'Aja <strong>de</strong>i s<strong>et</strong>te paesi <strong>de</strong>ll'Unione Euro.<br />

pea Occi<strong>de</strong>ntale per parlare <strong>de</strong>i Golfo. Si tenta di proseguire<br />

le consultazioni <strong>de</strong>stinate a migliorare il coordina.<br />

menta a livello pratico <strong>de</strong>lle operazioni in quelle acque,<br />

«nel pieno risp<strong>et</strong>to» - è stato precisato - <strong>de</strong>lloro carat.<br />

tere nazianale.<br />

Fonti diplomatiche hanna pero riferito che la riunione<br />

si sia tenuta in funzione <strong>de</strong>ll'incontro tra i ministri<br />

<strong>de</strong>sli-esteri, sempre all' Aja, e che si terrà dal26 al27 ottobre.<br />

Unità <strong>de</strong>lle marine militari <strong>de</strong>i cinque paesi <strong>de</strong>ll'Ueo<br />

(di tutti, salvo la Gerniania, che per ragioni costituzionali<br />

non puo campiere missioni militari fuori <strong>de</strong>i propri confi.<br />

ni, e il Lussemburgo, privo di marina), si trovano attual.<br />

mente nel Golfo 0 vi sono dir<strong>et</strong>te. Da quando ]a crisi nella<br />

regione si è aggravata «i coordinamenti tecnici» si sono<br />

intensificati.<br />

be immediata e ammonitrice.<br />

Alla Us NavY non mancano<br />

i mezzi nè la forza.<br />

L'ltalia è..iD~._.~<br />

perta. br~ di; flisogno.<br />

,;oltanto i muscoli Usa potfebbero<br />

salvard-.;:-Is:t.-proposito,<br />

Caligaris è esplicito:<br />

.4tAg1i ameriami-non<br />

sp<strong>et</strong>ta punire, in vece nostra,<br />

i colpevoli. Vero. Ma<br />

chi puo esc1u<strong>de</strong>rlo?»). Insomma,<br />

se i comandanti di<br />

Reagan 10 ritenessero<br />

opportuno, anche un attacco<br />

contro la nostra taskforce<br />

potrebbe muovere la<br />

rappresaglia <strong>de</strong>gli elicotteri<br />

MH-6 e <strong>de</strong>i caccia a bordo<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle portaerei.<br />

Del resto, gli Stati Uniti<br />

non sono nel Golfo - come<br />

pure avevano spiegato -<br />

per prot~ere e garantir!!<br />

la libertà di navigazione. E.<br />

stato Edward Luttwak,<br />

l'altro giorno, a chiarire gli<br />

ultimi dubbi: ••nvero obi<strong>et</strong>tivo<br />

è quello di controllare<br />

l'espansionismo iraniano e<br />

di crare i presupposti per<br />

un intervento piu largO)).<br />

Luttwak non è Reagan,<br />

anche se figura tra i consiglieri<br />

più ascoltati <strong>de</strong>l Di-<br />

~ento di Stato; e non<br />

e affatto <strong>de</strong>lto che cio che<br />

pensa sia anche ilpensiero<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Esecutivo. Ma sarà bene<br />

.mnotare queste frasi<br />

perchè, al di là <strong>de</strong>Ue strategie<br />

di facciata, la presenza<br />

occi<strong>de</strong>ntale in quelle acq,ue<br />

sembra -sul punto dl un<br />

preoccuoante salto di qua:<br />

servizio<br />

eventualmnte prese di mira<br />

dall'Iran. L'amministrazione<br />

Usa ha cosi respinto la proposta<br />

<strong>de</strong>l contrammiraglio Ha.<br />

rold Bernsen, comandante<br />

dalla flotta statunitense nella<br />

zona, di espan<strong>de</strong>re la potenza<br />

militare nel Golfo. Secondo<br />

Bernsen Ie navi Usa avrebbe.<br />

ro potuto garantire la libertà<br />

di navigazione solo a palto ji<br />

reagire alle incursione di Teheran<br />

senza tenere conto <strong>de</strong>l.<br />

la nazionalità <strong>de</strong>lle navi aggredite.<br />

La commissione <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

Camera Usa per la marina<br />

mercantile e per la pesca ha<br />

intanto approvato il prezzo<br />

da applicare per ogni viaggio<br />

<strong>de</strong>lle p<strong>et</strong>rolire <strong>de</strong>l Kuwait.<br />

Duecentocinquantamila dollari<br />

per l'andata e altr<strong>et</strong>tanti<br />

per il ritorno che potrebbero .<br />

essere paagati dagli acquirenti<br />

<strong>de</strong>l p<strong>et</strong>rolio <strong>de</strong>ll'emira.<br />

to.<br />

La situazione <strong>de</strong>l Golfo, secondo<br />

l'agenzia Urss, Tass, è<br />

stata al centro <strong>de</strong>i colloqui<br />

che il viceministro <strong>de</strong>gli esteri<br />

sovi<strong>et</strong>ico Yuli Vorontsov<br />

ha avuto a Mosca con ilministro<br />

kuwaitiano per il p<strong>et</strong>rolio<br />

Jeque Ali Al Sabah e con<br />

l'ambasciatore iraniano nella<br />

capitale sovi<strong>et</strong>ica Naser<br />

Heriani Nobari. Vorontsove<br />

Ali Al Sabah, aggiunge la<br />

Tass, hanno sottolineato la<br />

necessità di nuove iniziative<br />

internazionali per porre fme<br />

al conflitto nel risp<strong>et</strong>tto <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

risoluzione 598 approvata in<br />

luglio dal Consiglio di sicurezza<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Onu.<br />

p.es.<br />

.• L'Iran starebbe preparando<br />

un'ondata terroristica in<br />

Europa come ritorsione alla<br />

presenza di alcune marine<br />

occi<strong>de</strong>ntali nel Golfo. La scrive<br />

il quotidiano israeliano<br />

Yediot Ahronot, cHanda fonti<br />

<strong>de</strong>i servizi d'informazione<br />

statunitensi.<br />

1ttk ... -iDfaüi l'ombrello<br />

~~furzasril~<br />

rtnsieme <strong>de</strong>lle unità impe-<br />

...._ ... ~lfô~ automati-<br />

~UcomancIaDW'<strong>de</strong>Jbk.<br />

ftotta-:staQmi..<br />

tense, a <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>re anche il<br />

<strong>de</strong>stino <strong>de</strong>lla Grecale & C.<br />

Alla luce <strong>de</strong>lle dichiarazioni<br />

di Luttwak e <strong>de</strong>lle richieste<br />

di una Us Navy più<br />

potente. c'è di che sussultareo<br />

03


• •<br />

il manifesto<br />

15 ottobre 1987<br />

54<br />

Curdi e Scovacricchi<br />

Dopo aver taciuto il sequestra <strong>de</strong>i tre tecnici italiani,<br />

Goria e Andreotti neppure si presentano in parlamer.rto<br />

Il gave ma ha spedito due sottosegr<strong>et</strong>art (Bonalumi<br />

e Seovaerieehi) a Montecitorto per rlspon<strong>de</strong>re<br />

aIle interrogazionl dl tutti I gruppl sul rapimenta<br />

di tre teeniei italian!in Iraq da parte di un gruppo<br />

eurdo. Sinistra indipen<strong>de</strong>nte. Pr e Dp si sono<br />

dlchiarati ovviamente insoddlsfatti mentre il Pel<br />

(e per altri versi il Psi) ha espresso riserve. Confermata<br />

la eonsegna <strong>de</strong>I «massimo silenzio» seelta<br />

dalla Famesina sul rapimento e sulla trattativa.<br />

di Francesco<br />

Paterno<br />

ROMA. Gilberto Bonalumi,<br />

IOttosegrelario agli ester!, ha<br />

dato una verslone piatla dl tut.<br />

la la vicenda, ostenlando ottl.<br />

mlsmo sulla sorte <strong>de</strong>i tre tee.<br />

nlcl, che godrebbero attual.<br />

mente dl un «buOlJ slato dl<br />

salute..<br />

Bonaluml ha pol eseluso che<br />

attualmente cl slana rlchleste<br />

da parte <strong>de</strong>i gruppo curdo. La<br />

Fameslna, ha aggiunto, ha fat.<br />

to bene a tenere segrela Ja not1zJa<br />

<strong>de</strong>i rapImenta per aglre<br />

plù sped1lamente: ma Cossiga<br />

era llato Informato.<br />

GOLFO<br />

Pioggia di bombe<br />

sui villaggi<br />

<strong>de</strong>I Kurdistan:<br />

undici morti<br />

La vita <strong>de</strong>i tre ostaggi italiani neIle man! <strong>de</strong>i guer.<br />

riglieri curdi è in queste ore nelle manl non soltan.<br />

ta <strong>de</strong>i lara rapitorl ma anche in quelle <strong>de</strong>i piloU<br />

irachen1. L'aviazione di Baghdad ha iert bombar.<br />

data pesante mente molU vUlaggi <strong>de</strong>l Kurdistan ira.<br />

cheno m<strong>et</strong>tendo a repentaglio la vita <strong>de</strong>i nostri connazionali.<br />

Mentre due unità italiane iniziano la sml.<br />

namenta, fuori <strong>de</strong>I Golfo, rimane in forse la scorta<br />

per le navi dlr<strong>et</strong>te in Iran.<br />

di S.Ch.<br />

ROMA. Un nuovo pericolo ln.<br />

combe sul tecnlcl Italiani ra.<br />

pltl dagll IndJpen<strong>de</strong>ntisti ira.<br />

chem: I bombardamentl <strong>de</strong>ll'a.<br />

vlaz10ne dJ Baghdad sui villag.<br />

gI curdJ che 1er! hanna provo.<br />

cato 11 mortl e 23 fer!tI gravI.<br />

I villaggl sltuaU nel cuore dJ<br />

Kurdistan sono IlaU bombar.<br />

dati anche dall' artIglleria che<br />

ha concentrato fi fuoco su1le<br />

zone mena accesslbill <strong>de</strong>lla zo.<br />

na dJ Kirkuk.<br />

Nelle acque <strong>de</strong>l Golla <strong>de</strong>ll'O.<br />

man è Intanto Inlzlala, con<br />

grandJsslmo r!tardo, l'opera<br />

<strong>de</strong>l due cacclamlne Itallarù<br />

«MIIuzo» e «Sapr!». Alle due<br />

unltà sI dovrebbe agglungere<br />

«n<strong>et</strong> prosslmllglomb, n .•Vle.<br />

. ste» ferma a Muscat con la na.<br />

ve appogglo «Anteo». Questa<br />

prolungala sosla <strong>de</strong>lla nOHtra<br />

unltà sarebbe dovula alla ve.<br />

rlflca dl una serIe dJ avarie e<br />

èI probleml dovutl aII'eccessl.<br />

va r1scaldamento <strong>de</strong>I motore.<br />

Probleml che sembrano aff11g.<br />

gere un pO tutti I nostrI cac.<br />

clamlne 1 quail dJspongono dl<br />

un solo motore e sono qulndl<br />

molto vulnerabUl ad agni tlpo<br />

dJ avaria. A questa proposita<br />

sembra che la lista dl teenIcI<br />

I~larù InvlaU nel Golfo per Ja.<br />

var! dl r!parazlone aile nOHtre<br />

unltà sI sla 1er! u1ter!ormente<br />

allungala con la partenza da<br />

Flumlclno dl un altro gruppo<br />

dl espertl provenlentl da una<br />

socl<strong>et</strong>à romana costruttrlce dJ<br />

slsteml el<strong>et</strong>tronlcl.<br />

1 due cacclamlne ItalianI<br />

«MIlazzo» e «Saprl», entratlle.<br />

ri In azlone hanna Inlzla to ad<br />

operare al largo <strong>de</strong>lle coste <strong>de</strong>.<br />

gll EmiraU che Imm<strong>et</strong>tono nel.<br />

10 str<strong>et</strong>to dl Hormuz. SI tratta<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla stessa zona dove glà so.<br />

no In uione I cacclamlne fran .<br />

cesl e Inglesl e dove glunge.<br />

ranno nelle prosslme s<strong>et</strong>tlma.<br />

roe le UlÙtà belghe e alan<strong>de</strong>si.<br />

Un bracclo dJ mare una valla<br />

assai tratficato, dove due me.<br />

GOLFO<br />

Bombe <strong>de</strong>ll'Iraq<br />

sui villaggi<br />

tenuti dai curdi<br />

L'av1azione e l'artiglleria iraehene hanno bombar.<br />

data iertla zona <strong>de</strong>l Kurdistan dove sono presumibllmente<br />

trattenutii tre tecniei italiani rapltl. In.<br />

tanta due nostri eaeeiamine hanno finalmente ini.<br />

ziato a cereare mine nel Golfo.<br />

si fa una mina colpl, danneg.<br />

glandola, la p<strong>et</strong>rollera «Carr!.<br />

bean Texaco». In segulto a<br />

quell'allacco I Lloyd's hanna<br />

peril Incluso I porti dl quesla<br />

zona tra le zone «a ris chIo dl<br />

guerra» splngendo Ie navl In<br />

transita a fermarsi molto più<br />

sud, a Mina Qabous, porto <strong>de</strong>i.<br />

l'Oman. Sembra quindJ confer.<br />

mata l'ip<strong>et</strong>esl che I cacclaml.<br />

ne ItalIani contlnueranno a<br />

cere are eventua11 mine al dl<br />

fuorl <strong>de</strong>i Goito e non pren<strong>de</strong>.<br />

ranno parte aile operulonl dl<br />

scoria <strong>de</strong>l convogll. L'eventua.<br />

Ie lara parteclpazlone InfalU,<br />

a causa <strong>de</strong>lla bassa velocltà,<br />

costrlngerebbe sla I mercanUll<br />

che le fregate a proce<strong>de</strong>re a<br />

passo d'uomo. Anche nel pros.<br />

sim! convogll, come quello che<br />

dovrebbe partlre fi III ottobre<br />

per accompagnare la «Merza.<br />

rio Ilalla» potremo qulndl ave.<br />

re il Ilngolare sp<strong>et</strong>lacolo dl<br />

una pertacolnlalner che apre<br />

la strada, che scorta, le nastre<br />

navl mßltarl. ÀIIcora Incerta<br />

1&sttuazlonll! <strong>de</strong>lle na Vi Ita1Ia.<br />

ne che dovrebbero far rolla al.<br />

la valla <strong>de</strong>I portllranlarù, a comlnclare<br />

dalla p<strong>et</strong>rollera cAm.<br />

bronla» <strong>de</strong>lla Cpmpagnla dJ<br />

.Navlgazlone Alta llalla».<br />

Quest'ultima è ancora ferma<br />

nel porto dJ MIna al FahaJ nel.<br />

l'Oman ln attesa dJ conoscere,<br />

dal tra<strong>de</strong>r che l'ha nolegglala<br />

la sua <strong>de</strong>sllnazlone. Nel caso<br />

la gran<strong>de</strong> unltà Italiana dl<br />

250.000 tonnellate si dlrlgesse,<br />

come spesso In passato, verso<br />

il terminale p<strong>et</strong>rolifero tranla.<br />

no dl Larak Island polrebbe<br />

comunque, seconda quanta sI<br />

sostlene negll amblentl <strong>de</strong>lla<br />

marina, non avere alcuna<br />

scoria mUitare. Cio «vIsta Il<br />

tragltto, dJ poche mlglla, In ac.<br />

que Internulonall». In realtà<br />

sembra proprio che a causa<br />

<strong>de</strong>l carattere tutto «politico»<br />

ed escluslvamente anti.<br />

iranlano <strong>de</strong>lle operulonl dl<br />

scorta nel Goito, le nastre au.<br />

lorltà non avessero per nulla<br />

pensalo alla «protezlone» <strong>de</strong>l.<br />

le navlltallane In navlgazlone<br />

verso l'Iran. Incertezza anche<br />

su un allra nave ltallana la<br />

«Serafino FerruzzI», candida.<br />

la ad un prossima v1agglo nel<br />

Goito.<br />

Secondo quanto dJchla.<br />

rata alla slampa da Giorgio<br />

Cerbonl, dlr<strong>et</strong>tore generale<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla «Fermai'», socl<strong>et</strong>à marlt.<br />

tlma <strong>de</strong>i gruppo Ferruzzi, la<br />

nave sarebbe In rolla verso fi<br />

PakIstan. Secondo la marina<br />

italIana Invece la nave Il lro.<br />

verebbe nel porto lranlano dl<br />

Kharg Baharg.


• • il manifesto servi7io<br />

Ostaggi inpericolc<br />

'-=-.:<br />

~~J>'"<br />

Baghdad. Le maeerie <strong>de</strong>lla seuola elementare bombardata dagli iraniani lAp)<br />

INTERVISTA<br />

I curdi <strong>de</strong>ll'Upk:<br />

"Ciav<strong>et</strong>edimenticato.<br />

Non siamo terroristr'<br />

di Laura Schra<strong>de</strong>r<br />

Abblamo raggiunto telefonlca.<br />

ménte a Parigi Ahmllll Barner.<br />

ni, uno <strong>de</strong>l rappresentant! <strong>de</strong>l.<br />

l'Unlone patrlott!ca <strong>de</strong>l Kurdl.<br />

stan In Europa. L'Upk, fonda.<br />

ta nel '75 subito dopo la scan.<br />

fltta <strong>de</strong>lla rlvolta dl Barzanl,<br />

ha una base pollt!ca formata<br />

da due component!: una<br />

marxista.lenlnlsta, l'altra so.<br />

clallsta rlvoluzlonarla. In plù<br />

c'è un bracclo armato forte dl<br />

mlgllala di peah merga, 1partlglan1<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan, mllltar.<br />

mente organlzzatl.<br />

«Non abblamo nulla contro<br />

l'Italla In partlcolare - dice<br />

Bamèrni - abblamo preso 10-<br />

ro come potevamo pren<strong>de</strong>re,<br />

che sa, <strong>de</strong>i giapponesl. Con<br />

questi arrest!, vogliamo prote.<br />

stare contra Il sUenzio <strong>de</strong>l cosldd<strong>et</strong>to<br />

monda libero nel con.<br />

front! <strong>de</strong>gll attacchl con arml<br />

chlmlche <strong>de</strong>l regime lracheno<br />

contro la popolazlone curda. Ai<br />

nos tri rtp<strong>et</strong>utt appelli nel perlodo<br />

<strong>de</strong>l bombardament!, dal<br />

15 aprile al18 s<strong>et</strong>tembre, é sta.<br />

ta opposta la più assoluta ln.<br />

dlfferenza. E U primo arresto<br />

é avvenuto U 19 s<strong>et</strong>tembre.<br />

InoUre, vogllama dimastrare<br />

che l'area Ilberata <strong>de</strong>i Kurdi.<br />

stan va rtsp<strong>et</strong>tata: abbiamo le<br />

nostre leggi, come tutti gll al.<br />

tri paesl. 8enza la nostra au.<br />

torizzaztone gll stranlerl non<br />

possono entrare e 11governo<br />

iracheno sul nastro terrltorio,<br />

non è ln grado dl garantire né<br />

la slcurezza <strong>de</strong>gll stranlerl né<br />

quella <strong>de</strong>i suol funzlonari».<br />

Quall 80110 le condlzIonl <strong>de</strong>.<br />

gll arresCaU!<br />

Non sana prlgionlerl, vivona<br />

con nol, e come nol nel Kurdl.<br />

stan IIberato. Verso di loro,<br />

non c'é odlo 0 risentlmento. E<br />

l'Upk non é un movlmento<br />

«terror1sta». per usare una vastra<br />

espresslone. E' un'organlzzazlone<br />

dl reslstenza, con<br />

un'armata dl dleclmlla maquisn<br />

rds che controlla Il terrIta.<br />

rio con l'appogglo <strong>de</strong>lla popo.<br />

lazlone: non solo le campagne<br />

ma anche le vie dl comunlcazione<br />

e le grandi clttà. Dalle<br />

due <strong>de</strong>i pomerlgglo non possorootransltare<br />

né funzlonari nè<br />

soldati Iracheni.<br />

E il comunlcato arrtvato da<br />

Beirut?<br />

Non abbiamo nessun campa.<br />

gno a Beirut, e Il nostro rap.<br />

presentante a Damasco non ne<br />

sapeva nulla. Dublto molto dl<br />

Guesto messagglo Ilbanese.<br />

Chi conduce Ie tratt&Uve e<br />

COD quall richieste!<br />

Flnora, abblamo trattato Indi.<br />

r<strong>et</strong>tamente eon 11governo Ita.<br />

llano. Chledlamo cessill sUen.<br />

zia sul massacri <strong>de</strong>lla nostra<br />

popolazlone, compluti ult!mamente<br />

anche con arml chimi.<br />

che, e U sllenzlo sulla comple.<br />

ta distruzlone dl tutti j vlllag.<br />

gl curdl rasi al suolo dal regi.<br />

me iracheno. Abbiamo ml.<br />

gllala dl rHuglaU, ferltl,<br />

senzat<strong>et</strong>to.<br />

Vogllama Inoltre che si sap.<br />

pla una casa: è falso affermare<br />

ehe In Iraq le socl<strong>et</strong>à straniere<br />

lavorano per 10 svUuppo<br />

<strong>de</strong>l paese. Dagll Inlzl <strong>de</strong>lIa<br />

guerra con l'Iran, 11regime dl<br />

8addam Hussein ha bloccato<br />

tali attivllà 0 le ha convertlte<br />

in produzioni belllche. Ogglle<br />

soci<strong>et</strong>à stranlere present! in<br />

1rnq la varano solo per la guer.<br />

ra. lnflne. vogllama si sappla<br />

che le armi Importate dall'Iraq<br />

servono anche contra la<br />

nostra popolazlone. 8ervono<br />

per distruggere Il nostra<br />

paese.<br />

Il Kurdistan conduce da<br />

tempo una latta sanguin osa In<br />

difesa <strong>de</strong>ll'I<strong>de</strong>ntllà nazi anale e<br />

<strong>de</strong>lIa stessa sopra vvivenza fl.<br />

sica <strong>de</strong>lla popolazione. 8enza<br />

questa lotta, nulla di noi ri.<br />

marrebbe.<br />

A quale IIvello 51 s\'olge at.<br />

tualmente la cooperazione<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'.Vpb con l'Iran!<br />

Abbiamo un obleWvo In cornu.<br />

ne, U rovese1amento <strong>de</strong>i regl.<br />

me tracheno. Qulndi, nessuna<br />

concessione sul plano politico<br />

e nessuna afflnltà I<strong>de</strong>ologlca,<br />

ma una collaborazlone millta.<br />

reo<br />

L'operuione In corso è sca.<br />

ta I<strong>de</strong>aCa ed è «eauCa esclu.<br />

slvamente dall'Vpk!<br />

Certamente, Jalal Talabanl, Il<br />

segr<strong>et</strong>arlo generale e tutti gll<br />

esponentl <strong>de</strong>lI'Upk si trovano<br />

In Kurdistan ed operano nel.<br />

l'escluslvo Interesse <strong>de</strong>i popo.<br />

la curdo, ln plena autonomla.<br />

senza alcuna Influenza<br />

esterno .<br />

PECHINO. Il govemo clnese<br />

ha <strong>de</strong>clso dl amm<strong>et</strong>tere ln Tl.<br />

b<strong>et</strong> solo I turlstl provvlsti dl<br />

permesso speciale e quelIi che<br />

avevano programmata Il lara<br />

\'lal:glo da malta tempo. «La<br />

<strong>de</strong>clslone - ha rlferlto un por.<br />

tavoce <strong>de</strong>lla regione autonoma<br />

ha valare temporaneo».


•<br />

~~ ~16.10.1987<br />

Versioni e richieste 'contrastanti,<br />

Gli italiahi prigionieri di due diversi gruppi?<br />

TI rompicapo <strong>de</strong>i curdi<br />

.n rappresentanie a Londra <strong>de</strong>ll'Uniorœ' ContraddittorÎe dichiarazioni: seœndo<br />

. patriottica rive/a: «Stamw insieme la Farnesina lWn SOlWin corso contatti<br />

ma i rapimenti SOlWStati am iguerrigli£ri.wlWstra amhasciaJ.a<br />

eseguiti da organizzazioni al/RateJ) a Bagdad Ii aœoo ùweœ confermati .<br />

dl Rlcc;:ardo<br />

Malfey<br />

LOl\'DRA. Roberto Diotallevi<br />

e Giuseppe Carrara sono sta.<br />

ti rapiti dall'Unione patriotti.<br />

ca <strong>de</strong>I Kurdistan, ma il sequestro<br />

di Giacomo Comin<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

-avvenuto diciotto giorni<br />

prima, il14 s<strong>et</strong>tembre scOrso<br />

- è opera di una organizzazione<br />

fiancheggiatrice. Alla<br />

diversa matrice, oltreche al<br />

mutato scenario pOlitico (il 2 .<br />

Qttobre la presenza italiana<br />

nel Golfo era ormai una real.<br />

tà), si <strong>de</strong>ve la diversità di con.<br />

dizioni per il rilascio: mas.<br />

chere antigas e emittente radio<br />

per Comin<strong>et</strong>ti, il richia.<br />

mo <strong>de</strong>lle navi per gli altri<br />

due.<br />

Ecco, in sintesi, quanto ci<br />

ha d<strong>et</strong>to il rappresentante al<br />

Londra <strong>de</strong>ll'Unione, Omar<br />

Mustafa, soprannominato De<br />

Baba in omaggio alla sua for.<br />

za (in curdo il termine sÏgni.<br />

fica infatti «carro»). Mustafa,<br />

dopn nn ennesima contatto<br />

con la


• • CORRIERRE DELLA SERA 16.10.1987<br />

Teheran spara suI Kuwait ma <strong>de</strong> Cuellar ci riprova<br />

Inteitri~tâa1 curdo Barzani: «Vi Lr,"~","~~~~~ ~v'v'{~rtiti»<br />

La guerra nel Golfo 51<br />

es ten<strong>de</strong>. Un missile -Silkworm-<br />

è stato lanclato da-<br />

cerà a negozlare una data<br />

per il cessate il fuoco neUa<br />

guerra Iran-Irak_ n nuovo<br />

con tro una pe-<br />

importante svlluppo si è<br />

avuto dopa una rlunione,<br />

sotto la presl<strong>de</strong>nza ltaliana,<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Consiglio di sleurezza.<br />

n segr<strong>et</strong>arlo <strong>de</strong>U'Onu<br />

ha già stabilita un contatto<br />

con I rappresentanti <strong>de</strong>i<br />

due PaesÎ.<br />

gU Iranian!<br />

troliera americana, la<br />

-Sungarl-, che stava compl<strong>et</strong>ando<br />

11 rifornimento<br />

!lccanto ad =a piattaforma<br />

dIStante 9 rmglia dal<br />

terminale kuwaltlano di<br />

. MIna Al Ahma •.li. Si tratta<br />

dl un attacco mirato in<br />

quanto è prabablle che gli<br />

Iranlanl volessero colplre<br />

una <strong>de</strong>lle p<strong>et</strong>roliere kuwaltlane<br />

con bandiera USA<br />

che 51 trovavano poco dlstanti.<br />

L'attacco ha avuto una<br />

. inunedlata eeo nep;li Stati<br />

Unitl dove 10 stesso Rea-<br />

. gan non ha escluso rappresaglie.<br />

GII lracheni hanna,<br />

_da parte lara, colpito tre<br />

grossi obl<strong>et</strong>tlvo navali al<br />

largo dl Kharg. ..<br />

\ Le notlzle di guerra non<br />

Jermano<br />

-(11 pace.<br />

tuttavia gli sforz!<br />

n segr<strong>et</strong>arlo <strong>de</strong>!-<br />

. l'Onu <strong>de</strong> Cuellar ha ricevuto<br />

.nuove istruzloni - dal<br />

COnsiglio dl slcurezza ed<br />

ha comunicato che cornin-<br />

Oltre ad essere impegnata<br />

sul fronte Onu la nostra<br />

dlplomazia è al la vara per<br />

rlsolvere il drarnma <strong>de</strong>i tre<br />

ostaggt rapltl dal curd!.<br />

Bagdad Invita l'Italla a<br />

non fare concession!, il nostra<br />

ambasciatore in Irak<br />

afferma che vi sono contat-.<br />

ti e che la sltuazlone -è<br />

diventata quasi dlsperatae<br />

la Famesina esplora le<br />

stra<strong>de</strong> ehe possano portare<br />

alla lIberazlone <strong>de</strong>i tecnic!.<br />

A pagina 4 MaurizioCaprara,<br />

Ranzo Cianfanelli<br />

e Antonio Ferrari<br />

r-----------------------., I Barzan! ha raccolta il ves-<br />

-Avevamo avverUto le soct<strong>et</strong>à<br />

italJane ma nessuno cl<br />

str<strong>et</strong>ti legarn1 tra l'esploslva'<br />

crlsl neUa reglonê e la latta<br />

ha ascoltato-. Massud Barzan!,<br />

<strong>de</strong>l suo popola. _La guerra<br />

U capo <strong>de</strong>i movimenta Iran-Irak aJfonda le sue art.<br />

curdo,<br />

nostro<br />

In una lntervista al<br />

gtornale, rlafCerma<br />

g1nI proprio neUa questlone<br />

curda- ha cUchlarato il lea.<br />

che l'lmpegno dl tecnlcl e <strong>de</strong>r che ha negato che ci sla<br />

maestranze<br />

è consl<strong>de</strong>atl<br />

stranJert ln Irak<br />

da! suo popolo<br />

una mana stranJera cU<strong>et</strong>ro Ie<br />

azloni <strong>de</strong>Ua reslstenza: -Slama<br />

autonoml e Indlpen-<br />

un atta cUcoUaborazlone con<br />

-un regime fasclsta e dlttatarta!e-.<br />

<strong>de</strong>ntl •.<br />

n capo <strong>de</strong>l Pdc, lnIine, aC<strong>de</strong>ntl<br />

-GII opera! occl<strong>de</strong>ntali - rre la sua coilaborazlone nel..<br />

sostengono I curcU - sana la trattatlva tra il governo<br />

nel mirino <strong>de</strong>i nostri peshmerga-l'Unlone<br />

patriottica curda<br />

Italiano e I guemglleri <strong>de</strong>l-<br />

che hanna sequestrato I nostri<br />

connazlonall. _Posslamo<br />

alutarvl a Carearr1vare la va.<br />

stra voce ma non posslamo<br />

garantIre<br />

zlone- .<br />

per la lara Iibera.<br />

Inchiesta à Riml'nl' su un traffico d'arml- sillo lndlpen<strong>de</strong>ntlsta lasclatogll<br />

da! padre, 11 ramoso<br />

Cinque arresti, 12 comunicazioni giudiziarie ~~~~ee f~~~~~eOlld~J~<br />

Un'Indac-ine su un traftico dl annl avvlata dalla reslstenza (il Pdc).<br />

macistratura dl Rimini ba portato aU'arresto dl cinque nlea<strong>de</strong>r curdo agglunge,<br />

persone e all'emlsslone dl dodlcl comunlculonl cludl- qulncU, che l'Italla <strong>de</strong>ve ritlziarle.<br />

Una sesta persona ~ atUvamente rlcercata. Fra rare la Datta da! Golfo e <strong>de</strong>ve<br />

cenerale <strong>de</strong>lla Misar di Casteoedolo (Brescia) sod<strong>et</strong>Al tare all'Irak. n messagglo Accordo Cobas<br />

A pagina 4 Guido Olimpio<br />

ellarrestatl ncura Giovanni Facchln<strong>et</strong>U, dir<strong>et</strong>tore cessare agni assIstenza mI1l- I r---------- ......<br />

controllata dalla Gilardini (Cruppo Flat)..<br />

che amva dalle lmpervle fe-<br />

L'accusa ~ di traftico di arroi con Paesl sottoposU ad gloni <strong>de</strong>i Curdlstan è chiara: 'd ti<br />

embarro e costltuzione di capitall all'estero. Un porta- non appogglate Il plana sm aca : SOSpesO<br />

voce <strong>de</strong>lla Flat ba sostenuto che nessuna operulone americano per UGolfo e non 10 scl'opero <strong>de</strong>l' tremcommerciale<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla Mlsar ~ mal stata elT<strong>et</strong>tuata in fate gU lnteress1 cUSaddam<br />

vlolazione <strong>de</strong>lle nonne vice nU. A pagina 8 Hussein. . A pagina 9<br />

Per Barzan!, pol, eslstano<br />

. ,<br />

Ronla: nessun partito 'sembra contrario<br />

a trattare per gIi ostaggi in. manQ ai curdi<br />

ROMA - L'avvlSo ha l'asp<strong>et</strong>to<br />

dl un ultimatum:<br />

nlenLe concessIOn! ln cam.<br />

bio <strong>de</strong>gl1 ostaggl. Mentre a<br />

Roma tra le forze politlche<br />

non eslstano tlnora segnal1<br />

eon.slstenti <strong>de</strong>lla nascita cU<br />

un -partita <strong>de</strong>lla Cermezza_<br />

contrario ad agni genere cU<br />

trattatlva, e anza notiZle provelllenti<br />

da Bagdad indic a-<br />

no che Ucana!e di comunlca-<br />

Zlone con 1 sequestratart <strong>de</strong>l<br />

tre tecruci sarebbe stata trovata,<br />

l'avvertlffienta è stata<br />

indll'lzzata al governo itallano<br />

daU'ambasclatore ira.<br />

keno.<br />

-NOl ci asp<strong>et</strong>tlamo - ha<br />

d<strong>et</strong>ta il diplomat!co - che<br />

l'Italia non ceda a! ricatto di<br />

un gruppo di terrorist! agent!<br />

<strong>de</strong>ll'Iran-. E' lmpos.;lblle<br />

sa pere quanta le alfermazloni<br />

pubbliche cOrrlspondano<br />

ai comportamentl tenutl<br />

.cU<strong>et</strong>role quinte, tuttavla l'Ir.<br />

rigidimenta <strong>de</strong>i governo di<br />

Saddam Hussein è coinclso<br />

con una pioggla cUelementi<br />

che aggravano le condlzlonl<br />

<strong>de</strong>U'intero problema.<br />

Dopo U chiasso Catta suUa<br />

stampa, l'unica cosa certa è<br />

che ara da trattabile che era,<br />

la situazlone è divenuta qua.<br />

si dJsperata., ha dichlarato<br />

aU'agenzla -Adn-Kronos- il<br />

nostra ambasclatore a Bagdad<br />

pur amm<strong>et</strong>tendo che è<br />

ln corso un negozlata segre-<br />

.to. La verslone non ha avuta<br />

conferme daUa Farnesina<br />

cbe anche evltando una<br />

smentlta cUr<strong>et</strong>ta e rormale<br />

non l'ha avvalorata: contattl<br />

glà stabilltl -non r1sultano •.<br />

All'aUarme <strong>de</strong>U'ambasclatore<br />

Toscano si agglungono<br />

comunque a!tr1 Cattort non<br />

lrrilevantl. L'Ansa!do,' contra<br />

la qua!e Democrazla pro.<br />

l<strong>et</strong>arla protesta da glomi attlnché<br />

I generatari di vapore<br />

per impiantl nu<strong>de</strong>ari che sono<br />

statl commlsslonatl aU'azienda<br />

npn ragglungano 1'1.<br />

ran, ha acqui4lto la maggloranza<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla Gle,.:ossia <strong>de</strong>Ua ,Oernum1~.le.~onl,natu. ~~-Wln q\lelGa ploala dl ver<br />

una tappa 4e1'inp.terlale ln 'dall"~nlonellatr\otUca'<br />

socl<strong>et</strong>à dl cul sono dlpen.<br />

,rahnente contrapposte' <strong>de</strong>gU .aloni contraddlttar\e che' si<br />

<strong>de</strong>ntl gU ostaggl Giuseppe<br />

emlssari dl Saddam Hussein sono lnser!te le affermazion!<br />

Carrara e Roberto Diatallev!.<br />

e dl quelll.,<strong>de</strong>ll'ayatollah <strong>de</strong>I cUplQmatico lraIteno ac.<br />

RuoUab Khomeln!. Le sole cred1tata pressa il Qulrmale:<br />

-Giovanni Oorta - sottollnea<br />

Marlo Capanna - non<br />

puO tacere sull'argomenta_,<br />

Ma c'è cU plù.<br />

La p3lltenza .<strong>de</strong>l generatart<br />

lncontra altre aU'opposlzlo'<br />

.ne cUOp I parert negat!vi cU<br />

parlamentarl <strong>de</strong>Ua maggioranza:<br />

I soclal<strong>de</strong>mocratlcl<br />

hanno concordato con I Ver.<br />

cUla bozza cUuna rIsoluzione<br />

da presentare alla Camera<br />

per bloccare la consegna. E<br />

la s<strong>et</strong>tlmana prossima,<br />

quando se 'ne discuterà a<br />

Montecltor!o, potrebbe venl.<br />

re a Roma 11 vlcem1n1stro co Italiano a Parigl avrebbe<br />

<strong>de</strong>gll Estert <strong>de</strong>Ua Repubbll. contattata il gruppo che ha<br />

ca Islarn1ca, Mohamed Lori- catturata I tre, ma aUa Far.<br />

Jani, che ha r.h1esto un collo- neslna dlcono che ciO .non<br />

quiO con Giulio Andreotti. rlsulta-. Un portavoce <strong>de</strong>i<br />

Nanostante l'Incontro sla curdi da Vienna ha d<strong>et</strong>ta che<br />

stata soUecltato in quanta la Cormazlone vlene chlamal'ItalJa<br />

ha la presi<strong>de</strong>nza di ta talvolta .Unlone lUtZIonaturno<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Consiglio dl slcu- Ie- per un errore cUtraduzlorezza<br />

<strong>de</strong>U'Onu, tutti questl lie daU'arabo (cosl era stata<br />

argomenU sembrano <strong>de</strong>stl- <strong>de</strong>llnlta lnIzla!mente la fornati<br />

ad essere ogg<strong>et</strong>ta <strong>de</strong>i mazlone che hA riv~ndl~alo I<br />

confronta non Cacllesolleci- raplmentl a Beirut). L'"mtlatata<br />

da Teheran.<br />

scia tore T(Js~a.'" tu. r1~J.I'.lsto<br />

Le mcognlte sw teenlei se- all' -Adn-Kronos- dl non dl.<br />

questrau. I generatori che gli sparre <strong>de</strong>Ue certezza che 1'1<br />

Iranianl ott.errebbero dopa tecnlcl Jlano staU catturaU<br />

splnte a favore <strong>de</strong>U'ottlml. .1 guerriglleri curcUche ban.<br />

smo, 1er!,sono comparse nel. no raplto I tre - ha accusata<br />

la relativa morbi<strong>de</strong>zza <strong>de</strong>i l'amba~clatare Mohammed<br />

numeroslsslml .portavoce Bald a! Saba! - sono mana<strong>de</strong>U'_Unlone<br />

patrlottlca <strong>de</strong>l vratl a! centa per cento dal.<br />

Curd1stan-. Comln<strong>et</strong>ti 010- l'Iran, dl cul sono la 'Quinta<br />

talJevl e Carrara, seconda il colonna' -.<br />

segr<strong>et</strong>arlo <strong>de</strong>lla sezlone dl n rappresentante cU Bag.<br />

Londra. sarebbero -ospIU-: dad ha aJJermata cUaver glà<br />

.In nessun casa ucci<strong>de</strong>remo .Catto presente- cUasp<strong>et</strong>tar.<br />

gU ostaggl 0 faremo lara '<strong>de</strong>I si -che l'Itaila non ceda a!<br />

male. Tuttavla non U lasce- ricatta-. PreswnlbUmente 11<br />

remo liberi lino a quando il conc<strong>et</strong>to è stata espresso<br />

governo non ßI sarà Impe. martedl scorso, quando 11dl.<br />

gnata a rlt\rafe le navi- m. plomatico è stata r!cevuta al<br />

viate nel Golfo,<br />

m1nlstero <strong>de</strong>gll Ester\.<br />

Un conslgbere diplomati. Maurizio Caprara<br />

57


• ..<br />

la<br />

16.10.1987<br />

'ïn nessun caso faremo /oro <strong>de</strong>i male': dicono i rappresentanti <strong>de</strong>i ribelli<br />

Icordi: "GU ostaggi stanno bene"<br />

da! nostro corrispon<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

PAOLO FllO DELLA TORRE<br />

LONDRA - Aitre tecnici italiani<br />

rapiti dai curdi in Iraq non<br />

verrà fatto alcun male, nemmeno<br />

se ilgovemo italiano non acc<strong>et</strong>tasse<br />

le condizioni per illoro<br />

rilascio. Lo ha assicurato ieri<br />

Omar De Babe, portavoce <strong>de</strong>ll'<br />

..Unione patriottica <strong>de</strong>l Kurdistan»<br />

(Puk) che ha rivendicato il<br />

rapimento.<br />

«Non abbiamo nulia contro i<br />

tre italiani - ha affermato De<br />

Babe - essi sQno nostri ospiti, e<br />

non Iiconsi<strong>de</strong>riamo nernici. La<br />

condizione perchè vengano Iiberati<br />

è che.le navi <strong>de</strong>lla marina<br />

italiana ven~ano ritirate dal<br />

Golfo e che I Italia non prenda<br />

parte all'aggressione<strong>de</strong>gli Stati<br />

Uniti contro l'Iran».<br />

..ln nessun caso - ha aggiunto<br />

- ucci<strong>de</strong>remmo gli ostaggi 0<br />

faremmo loro <strong>de</strong>~ale. Tuttavia<br />

non Ii lasceremo liberi fino a<br />

quando il loro govemo non si<br />

sarà impegnato a ritirare le<br />

navi». Secondo De Babe, che ri-<br />

ceve ogni s<strong>et</strong>te ~iomi notizie sugli<br />

spostamentl <strong>de</strong>gli ostaggi, i<br />

tre tecnici si trovano in un villaggio<br />

presso Suleimaniya, nel<br />

Kurdistan iracheno. In caso di<br />

accordo, sarebbero probabilmente<br />

condotti in Iran e consegnati<br />

ad un'organizzazione u-<br />

manitaria intemazionale, come<br />

la Croce rossa.<br />

..Sinceramente non credo che<br />

gli osta~gi italiani siano in pericolo»<br />

CI conferma lord Kilbrackef\,<br />

il leggendario presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong>I gruppo parlamentare per l' .<br />

amicizia anglo-curda. John Kilbracken,<br />

che ha combattuto con<br />

i ..ribelli» sia contro le truppe<br />

<strong>de</strong>llosciàdi Persia che contro gli<br />

iracheni più volte negli ultimi<br />

venti anni, è in contatto con gli<br />

esponenti <strong>de</strong>i «Nationalist Kurdistan<br />

<strong>de</strong>mocratic movement»<br />

(che hanno inclinazioni feudali,<br />

mantellgono illoro quartier generale<br />

nel nord <strong>de</strong>ll'Iran e sono<br />

guidati da Massaud Barzani, figlio<br />

<strong>de</strong>l famoso generale) e con l'<br />

Unione patriottica, che si trova<br />

nel sud e partecipa con 20 mila<br />

uomini alla guerra a fianco <strong>de</strong>li'<br />

Iran nelle zone più impervie <strong>de</strong>llaregione<br />

.<br />

..I curdi <strong>de</strong>li'Unione patriottica<br />

di Jabal Talabani dispongono<br />

di 20 mila uomini» ci dice ilparlamentare<br />

laburista britannico<br />

che aggiunge: ..Illoro appoggio<br />

militare agli ayatollah è molto<br />

importante, ma ancora più importante<br />

peri curdi èl'approvvigionamentodi<br />

viveriedarmi che<br />

viene loro dato dall' Iran. Il rapimento<br />

<strong>de</strong>gli itallani <strong>de</strong>ve essere<br />

statoordinato da Teheran, come<br />

pure <strong>de</strong>ve essere stato ordinato<br />

loro di invitare l'Italia a richiamare<br />

Ie sue navi dal Golfo. In<br />

realtà i curdi hanno tutto l'interesse<br />

che la ~erra Iran-Iraq<br />

continui. Quando Bagdad e Teheran<br />

sono in pace si <strong>de</strong>dicano<br />

insieme al massacro di questa<br />

fiera gente che aspira alla autonomia<br />

<strong>de</strong>lia propria nazione».<br />

KiIbracken dice: clcurdi sono<br />

una nazione di valorosi guerrieri<br />

che combattono per la loro indipen<strong>de</strong>nza.<br />

Sono molto umani,<br />

d<strong>et</strong>estano la cru<strong>de</strong>ltà. Uccidonp<br />

soltanto in combattimento. E<br />

vero che ci sono stati in Turchia<br />

episodi di terrorismo di alcuni<br />

gruppi che combattono per il<br />

Kurdistan libero, ma non Ilanno<br />

nulla a che fare con l'Alleanza<br />

<strong>de</strong>l movimento patriottico curdo<br />

insieme alla Unione <strong>de</strong>mocratica,<br />

che sono coinvolti nel<br />

rapimento <strong>de</strong>i tre tecnici italiani<br />

da loro d<strong>et</strong>enuti prigionieri.<br />

Questi, secondo le mie informazioni,<br />

sono stati trasferiti nel<br />

quartier generale <strong>de</strong>ll'Unione<br />

patriottica situato a una cinquantina<br />

di chilom<strong>et</strong>ri da Kirkuk<br />

nella montagna di Suleimaniya.<br />

II nascondiglio è nella gola<br />

<strong>de</strong>lla montagna ed è prot<strong>et</strong>to da<br />

missili terra-aria fomiti dagli i-<br />

raniani».<br />

58


• •<br />

2.10.87<br />

sovy<strong>et</strong> SlIahll Kuw<strong>et</strong>ler gaz<strong>et</strong>esl,<br />

"KIzil YlldlZ'da yaymlanan<br />

"TÜrklye'yl Kim ve Ne<br />

reMit Edlyor?" ba~llkll ha.<br />

ber yorumda, rürk Ordusu'<br />

nun mo<strong>de</strong>mlzasyon progra.<br />

ml ve DOaU Anadolu'da bazI<br />

havaalanlannln yeni<strong>de</strong>n dü.<br />

zenlenmesln<strong>de</strong>n duyulan ra.<br />

t'!.~~,zp~ ~)!e, g<strong>et</strong>lrlldl ,<br />

NAT8t~:~~dOOU'~<br />

en<br />

~Olèlât.' Mu:~a'=-cr:~:<br />

nln 'blrlnelplst In$3atl ta.<br />

mam\,ndl. Iklnel plst,ln.<br />

$3atl •sOren havaalanl' as.<br />

kerl 'amaçlar dl$lnda sl'4i1<br />

amaçlarla kullanilablleeA<br />

~I _,~_i111f8r~~~'~~~ÀR~<br />

IV I!Y ANA'da b~layan "NA.<br />

TO fe VIIJOva pakt! iilkeJe..<br />

ria<strong>de</strong>ld konvan!lyoneJ lilahi~da<br />

ve kumtJer<strong>de</strong> karphkh Te<br />

<strong>de</strong>ngeU Indlrim" öngörj~melerin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

bütün Türkiye topraklaruun intIirim_<br />

kapsamma ahnmasl ¥erektigini sa-<br />

YUnan Sovy<strong>et</strong>ler Birligi, son günler<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

yayuùannda, Tük SilahIJ Kuvv<strong>et</strong>len'nin<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>mizasyonu programlanndan<br />

ve Dogu Anadolu' da<br />

b8Z1havaalanlannm yeni<strong>de</strong>n dÜLenlenmesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

duydugu rahatS1Zhp<br />

yogun biçim<strong>de</strong> dile g<strong>et</strong>irmeye<br />

b8$ladl.<br />

Sovy<strong>et</strong> SilahIJ Kuvv<strong>et</strong>1eri'nin 6ilz<strong>et</strong>esi<br />

"Kw! YlIdlz"m 22 E)lûl tarihli<br />

saYlSlnda, A1bay V. Burllayn<br />

imzah. "Türklye'y1 k1m ve ne leb-<br />

_dit edlyor?" b8$hkh bir Y8Zlda,<br />

T~rk baslm, "tahrlkçl" Amerikan<br />

propagandasmm <strong>et</strong>kisiyle anu-<br />

Sovy<strong>et</strong> yaymlar yapmakla suçl~Jyor.<br />

Türkiye B8$lJakam Öza1 dahiI,<br />

"Türk U<strong>de</strong>rleri"nin <strong>de</strong> Sovy<strong>et</strong> Rus-<br />

.SlIahSlzlanma görüsmelerln<strong>de</strong> bütün Türklye topraklannln Indlrlm Itapsaml-<br />

I1ji"allnmaSI fçln'kamUOYU Olu~tun"aya çallsan SOvy<strong>et</strong>ler Blrllgl'rln blJ yön<strong>de</strong>kl-çabalaml1<br />

art\rdlQI 9.O.i:Ü$Ù •. MWa:C1a.güC _kaZ3n1VOr<br />

ya'dan gelen "tebdlt"ten söz <strong>et</strong>tikleri<br />

iddia edi1erelt, bu tulum sert bir mn yer a1dl8I belirtildikten sonra AsambJesi'nin Istanbul toplanllsm-<br />

zey<strong>de</strong>n tehdit sözünii <strong>et</strong>DIemÎJÛf. Bu<br />

Turkiye'ye yonelik :>Idugu iddiasl-<br />

Özal, 1986 Kaslm'mda NATO Asamblesi;n<strong>de</strong>ki Iton~di; kg.<br />

Jekil<strong>de</strong> t!e~tiriliyor.<br />

loyle <strong>de</strong>vam edili)or:<br />

d;1~; ~('\nlll:;rn'1tl"r'l Il''-,,,,.J'I\ ......... ('l''<br />

;~~;. tamamen yazann uydur.<br />

Sovy<strong>et</strong>ler'in Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>lti "Ameriku<br />

far\Jil"DI öne sürerek bu propaguda kampanyUIDID amICI, lerin Türkiye'ye daha fazla askeri • türlt Silab1t Kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri'nin<br />

"PeDlagoD'un bu uU-SOyye! leD lebdll"lcII SÖ%e<strong>de</strong>rek, müttefik-<br />

masldlr.<br />

yön<strong>de</strong> suç1amalan arordJgma i~<strong>et</strong> TiirlIlopnklanDdaId AmerikaD askeri<br />

flmÏlDl bakb göslermek ye istedi,<br />

lu bir operasyondur. Kaldl ki, tüm<br />

ve ekonomik yardlm yapmalanm mo<strong>de</strong>mizasyonu, olaian ve zorun-<br />

e<strong>de</strong>n Türk D'Jijleri Baltanl1j1 y<strong>et</strong>kilileri,<br />

1986'da NATO Asamblesi' bunu daba da artumakllr.<br />

Sovy<strong>et</strong> yazar, bu konuda ~öyle dünya ülkeieri, daha yeni ve <strong>et</strong>kiD<br />

nin !stanbul'dakj toplanusmda ItonUiln<br />

B8$baltan ÖzaI'ID, "kuuy-<br />

olu nokta, Ankara'DID lutumu-<br />

"Türkiye ve ABD'<strong>de</strong>ki (NA- Bunlar arasmda SSCB dahiI, Tür-<br />

Burada ,a$(rtlci ve caD slklc( diyor:<br />

silah ür<strong>et</strong>imin<strong>de</strong> yanJuiaktad1r.<br />

<strong>de</strong>n geleD lebcllt" ~ltlin<strong>de</strong> bir söz dur. 561 kODUIlI>o\merlku "Yafl- TO'cular), Soyy<strong>et</strong> tebdldllddlaslna<br />

lIilDarak, ABD'nlD Türk lop-<br />

maktad1r.<br />

'<br />

kiye'nin tüm kom~ulan yer al.<br />

sarf <strong>et</strong>medigini, bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle ywdaki<br />

iddianm dayanalts1z Ital. vur-<br />

fill dUnlmu kötül<strong>et</strong>mesia<strong>de</strong>n 10- rùlanDda yenl iislerin inpasI, niik-<br />

• Türlt SiIahh Kuvv<strong>et</strong>lcri, aaVIID-<br />

_là\ ~~èUc1f Blt\fllr ulu ......<br />

guladllar. Ozal'In oltuduiu Y8Zlh rumiu lutulmaktad1r, Aahuda bu, leer <strong>de</strong>polann mo<strong>de</strong>mizasyonu gibl<br />

elkinUkJer<strong>de</strong> bulunmak, Sovyel nnml.nm.Jttr. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>DIe mocIcmimaya<br />

yönelilt bir strateji içln<strong>de</strong> ko-<br />

m<strong>et</strong>indc <strong>de</strong> höyle bir SÖ%ungcçrDc, bayat Je pla koku propaganday.<br />

digi saptandl. Hültiim<strong>et</strong>e yakm çcvrelere<br />

göre, K1ZIIYlIdu'daki Y8Zl-<br />

bal<strong>de</strong>, Türldye'<strong>de</strong> bunn IIlIn alanlerioin<br />

durumu bakkl:;


• •<br />

........<br />

...,ebeke<br />

"Kürt il!icaCl~ar.u<br />

gon<strong>de</strong>r.vor .<br />

1.10.87<br />

Terefunan<br />

~ F",rlr;:ll ici!]leri Bakanhö'~;;z~ü~üßachmei- ~ Aralp,nnda Lufthansf]'nrn da bplllnduflll CI<br />

er, a~ustôs ay. sonuna kadar .3,.000 ki~ir.in uçak ~irk<strong>et</strong>ine kontrolsuz yolcu ta~lmaKne-<br />

Si~lnmaiste~in<strong>de</strong>bulundU~1Jnu, ancak, bun- <strong>de</strong>niyle a~lr para cezaSI kesildi.Y<strong>et</strong>kililer iltilann<br />

yüz<strong>de</strong> 5'ine oturma izni verildigini açlk- caCI say.slnln 1981'<strong>de</strong> 60 bine ula~aca~lnr<br />

ladr .. belirtti .<br />

BONN(Tfm:Oman)-Fe<strong>de</strong>r~1 2839 ki~inln Frankfurt'a vi- 5O'lIk blr d~ kay<strong>de</strong>dildilçil?leri<br />

Bakanlf!jl sö~cu-: zesjz olar8k glrdiQinl bildire- Qi belirtllan liÇIklamada, bu-<br />

slOlIlma Ialebln<strong>de</strong> bulunanl~<br />

nn çoCunluOunu TQrldye'<strong>de</strong>rr<br />

sü RolSlM Bachmeier; rek,. "Bunlann --dayOz<strong>de</strong> na ne<strong>de</strong>n.olarak'Cla, Do!ju<br />

geltin kOrtIer t8$kll edlyor ve<br />

aOustos aYI sonuna kadar 13'QnOn-.l\lmanHava Yollan Almsnya île Y8pllan anl8l?-<br />

Iiunlar Porteklz ve Ispanya'-<br />

ATmanya'da 31.000 ki!linin Lufthansa .. tarafjndan ma sonucui bu ulkenin vizesiyasi<br />

sl!'llnma talebin<strong>de</strong> bu- -genrlldlOlnl H sOyIedi. çil?le- siz yoleulann .. Batl ,.kfanndan vizo almak<br />

ya al1mekamaclyla yola çlklundu{junu<br />

belirterek, bun- ri BakanhOl, kontrolsüz yol- A1manya'ya Q1dil?lnien~el.<br />

lann büyük çoOunlu!junu cu :.ta:,nnalan -sebebiyle, lamesl gOstsnllyor. 1986 da<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>n ~Ien Kürtler'. araIannda l.ufthlinsa'n1n da DoOu Ber1in'<strong>de</strong>n Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Alin<br />

tel?kil eltiQI söyledi. bulunduOu 9 uçak liirk<strong>et</strong>i manya'ya gelen ilticaci sa-<br />

'":. :S8<strong>de</strong>ceFrankfürt HaVa- hakklOda.aQrr para cazesl Ylsl",n .33 bin oldu~u,<br />

Ieri keslldi!jlni aÇlkladl. - 1987'<strong>de</strong> ise bunun 116'e<br />

Iimamndangelen n say.. G~en~1a kryasla ha- d'-'--'''ünü baUrten Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

Slnin 5005 klllinin 2071'lni !J: ......U'l'<br />

Çocuklann olu$turdu~unu vayoIu e manya'ya iltica il?lan, Bakanl~1 sözeüsü<br />

belirten sözcü Bachmeier, e<strong>de</strong>nlerln 88yJSlnda yüz<strong>de</strong> alen A1manya don Ilyasl<br />

mecburly<strong>et</strong>lnlJen kurtulmu,<br />

oluyorlar. Yapdan sorgulama<br />

ve soru,fUrmalar Ise. TOrlllye'<strong>de</strong>kl<br />

KOrtlerl A/manya'ya<br />

kaçlnnaOa y6nellk blr liebekenln<br />

varhQlnI artaya koymu,fUr,<br />

Omeoln 15 EyrOr<strong>de</strong><br />

blr TOrk uçak ,lrIlen. daha.<br />

bOyOkblr uçalll sefere koy-:<br />

Devriyeye PD pususu<br />

TUNCEll, Mll.HA<br />

IT.'. IUNCEL"oin PülÜinÜl üçesi<br />

~<br />

<strong>de</strong>vriye po<br />

askeri -araca çaprazlama<br />

yayhm a!qi açan PU miliW1lan,<br />

bir erimizi 18raI3dJ.<br />

Öncelri geee, PüJqm\Ïr yolu<br />

Ozùntarla nlevtiin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>vriye gelen<br />

ilinii"rmA tomando Il,..ct.PKK militanlan<br />

taraftndan otomatik silah.<br />

!aria taranch, Saydan bilinmeyen<br />

militanlaim açtIiJ atq sonucu araç<br />

için<strong>de</strong> bulunan bir erimiz ahr ya.<br />

ralanch. YaraIJ er Tuncdi Devie!<br />

Hastanesi'ne kaldmlarak ledavi aItma<br />

ahnch. Olayla iIgili bölge<strong>de</strong> gee<br />

lIÎi çaplJ operasyon sürdügü belirtilcli.<br />

mu, ve bu uçak yolcular:mn<br />

dörrte OçQ Frankfurt franslt<br />

hovallmalllnda IInco 'alebin<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunmu,fUr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>n !;Ielip AImanya'da<br />

siyasi slQlnma talebin<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunanlardan<br />

bugüne kadar sa<strong>de</strong>ce yüz<strong>de</strong><br />

S'ine oturma izni verildi-<br />

(:Iini bildiren Fe<strong>de</strong>ral içil?leri<br />

Bakanh(:ll sözcüsü, 1967<br />

sonuna kadar Almanya'dan<br />

60 bin kil?inin iltica talebin<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunaca!jmm tahmin<br />

.edildi!jini sl>yledi.<br />

1 • 1 0 • 8 7<br />

Hürriu<strong>et</strong><br />

- ~<br />

"MllETVm.i OLACAGIM"<br />

Divarbaklr !.>evl<strong>et</strong> Gih'l'nlik Mahkp.me~ïJl,kh3'kkmria<br />

;; .- 15 Yli hapis ce7.a!il istemiyk<br />

naw aÇ1I1111eski CHP mill<strong>et</strong>vekHi (Küçük<br />

,l'e.irn) v(' Tiirk A~-e(ïnin li<strong>de</strong>ri Ahmer<br />

Tiirk, lvanda solda) tutuklu bululldugu cc-<br />

7.aevin<strong>de</strong> :,11 hspi$, ce.,<br />

.• zasl iSlemiyle .öav!!', 8.QlIII.Tl<br />

"Türk ,,- lIllirci.i~in li<strong>de</strong>ri. l'ski<br />

, parlanienter Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk'ie<br />

~ .cezaevin<strong>de</strong> görü~lük. Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

"SUP'<strong>de</strong>n ,milI<strong>et</strong>vekiii<br />

adayJ olmak istedim. Ancak,<br />

genel merkez bu konuda<br />

k8y.tsaz kalch. Çevrem-<br />

<strong>de</strong>n .•.qir<strong>et</strong>iml\en <strong>de</strong> mill<strong>et</strong>vekilligi<br />

adayhg,.m konusunda<br />

baSkl wnh. En dogru<br />

yolun seçime hag.mgz olarak<br />

gimiek oldugunu d~ünerek,<br />

basvununu gerçek.<br />

le~tirdim. Buradan mill<strong>et</strong>ve.<br />

kHi olarak Çlkacag.ma inanlYOnlm.<br />

H<br />

Savclhk VI' Cezaevi ,"ön<strong>et</strong>iminin<br />

. istegi üzerine görü!jlll!'<br />

klsa süred!' nok18lalllrken. l'erei<br />

SjInatçllar!~ ka~~ldlgl."Mo.<br />

l'al 'Konserl n<strong>de</strong> baglmslZ<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>vekili adaYI Türk'ün keyinï<br />

göründügü, zaman zaman<br />

lhpih çektigi, sanatçllara alkl~la<br />

e~lik <strong>et</strong>tigi dikkati çekli.<br />

SAVUNMASINDA<br />

DEMI~I?<br />

NE<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk. geçf'n haCla<br />

Ilk kez Clktlib mahkemroe SB'.-<br />

2.10.87<br />

l'min ha-kkulda 5 15 yll hapi. hapis iSlemiyle ~.argllanan Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk. "Türk A~ire-<br />

cezaSI istemesin<strong>de</strong>n sonra i;Öyle<br />

S8\'unma yapm'~lI:<br />

ti"nin 1973 nhndan hu I.ana<br />

"Bölücülerin gelmemesi Iillerligini süi-dürüyor. :\'-ill<strong>et</strong>için<br />

yakmlanma sürek1i ,.l'kili hahasl Abdürrahim<br />

uyanlarda bulunuyrdum. Türk'ün kan da"a" ncrlt'ni\'ll'<br />

21 Ocak 1987'<strong>de</strong> yapllan aramada<br />

ce~itli yasak kitaplar A~ir<strong>et</strong>i"ne mensul' ki~ilert'('-<br />

14 ,11 önce "Kahramanlar.<br />

.bulundu. Bu kitaplar, mill<strong>et</strong>vekilligi<br />

dönemin<strong>de</strong>n kallik<br />

yapan Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk, "aile<br />

.61dürülmf'sin<strong>de</strong>n bu '-ana li<strong>de</strong>r-<br />

meclisi "nin karanyla bu göreH'<br />

gl'lirildi. 16 çocuklu ailemavdl.<br />

Meclis'teki diger arkada~lara<br />

da da~.ttlml~tt.<br />

nin W' "Türk ~ir<strong>et</strong>i"nin<br />

Kasr - I Kanço olarak bilinen<br />

evim<strong>de</strong> eie geçtigi açlk-<br />

illllle gl'len ''''lli. ~imdiki mill<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

alla,.1. 194~ dogumlu<br />

lanan Abdullah OClllan'a ait<br />

vi<strong>de</strong>o kas<strong>et</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong>n haberim<br />

yak. Bunlar benim olsa once. kapatllan (,H p'nin Mar-<br />

Türk, 12 E\'lül Harekâll'ndan<br />

veya bilgim bulunsa. bekleme<br />

süresi alan 3 _. 4 saalte Edi \'e Il çOl'uk baba" alan<br />

din mill<strong>et</strong>vekiliydi.<br />

yakabilirdim. "<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk, \'öre<strong>de</strong> "Kasr<br />

-I Kanco" olarak bilinen. lIu-<br />

HUKUKI DURUMU \'arlanmn yükl


• •<br />

3.10.87<br />

l:IttmD<br />

PKK'dan ;...<br />

,ent clnay<strong>et</strong><br />

MARDIN, MIL-HA<br />

ARDIN'in Midyat ilçesine<br />

bagh Dargeçitbucag! ßao'urt<br />

~ köyüne düo baskm düzenleyen<br />

FKK militanlan, iki yurt~1 öldûrdûier.<br />

Önecki ak~am düzeokneo baskioa<br />

10 hdar militan hulda. Teröristlerio<br />

otomatik tüfeklerle açtltJ<br />

yayhm atej sonucu Hlld AClr<br />

ve Emin Aygün adli yurtta~lar hayatianDl<br />

kayb<strong>et</strong>tiler. Ölen iki ki~inin<br />

köy koruculan oldugu belirlendi.<br />

Pi-:l


• •<br />

-DEVAM<br />

.PKK lçln k., alarm.<br />

,<strong>de</strong>n S'i oiel tim ekiblnin ne.<br />

re<strong>de</strong> oldulunu ,sorarken, dl.<br />

lerleri ÖZI$tk $antlyesi ci va.<br />

nndaki yollart tuttu.<br />

1èraristler daha sonm $an.<br />

tiye<strong>de</strong>ki i$çileri loplaYlp, bir<br />

HABER MERKEZI Ru arada $antiye<strong>de</strong> $oför<br />

-------- ve i$çi olarak çah$a'n Zekl<br />

I


•<br />

KOïücular ~klvaVI<br />

püsIWrllü<br />

Arif<br />

ÂIA~<br />

BI ....t;ÜL. (Iuciim ..nl.<br />

Rin~(\I'<strong>de</strong>. hil k(lve ba,k III<br />

dUll'nlcmek i",'\cn :~k'}a,<br />

llirlcndi. Bu ko,<br />

nuda hAzlrianan' bir raporda<br />

da Iran tehlikesine i~r<strong>et</strong> edilerek,<br />

"Ana~i ve tel'Ör ortamJ<br />

d~urarak, dcvl<strong>et</strong> olonte.<br />

sim zedclcylp kitlelerin <strong>de</strong>v-<br />

J<strong>et</strong>e olan güvenini sarsmaya<br />

çah~lyorlar" <strong>de</strong>nildi.<br />

Son günler<strong>de</strong> yakalnnnn<br />

bölüeü hninlerin üzerin<strong>de</strong> Iran<br />

men¥,1i silah, mermi ve mühimmat<br />

eie geçirilmesi dost<br />

<strong>de</strong>di~imiz kar<strong>de</strong>~ ulke j ran'in<br />

maskesini bir kez daha du~ur.<br />

dü, Bugüne kadar <strong>de</strong>~i~ik yollardan<br />

her i~ bumunu sokan,<br />

radyosu araelh~1 ile kinini, nef.<br />

r<strong>et</strong>ini belirten Iran'lIl bolucu<br />

hainiere <strong>de</strong>stek sajilamasl. beil-<br />

12.10.87<br />

ge halkl arasllldn nefrpt uyandtrdt.<br />

'Bu konuda güvenlik<br />

guçleri ve istihbarat birimleri<br />

tarafmdan hazlrlanan bir ra.<br />

porda Iran'lIl sa<strong>de</strong>ce dineilik<br />

ak,mml <strong>de</strong>steklemedi~i, bölücü<br />

hainiere <strong>de</strong> silah ve mühimmat<br />

yard,ml ynptl~1 belirlildi. Bir<br />

güvenlik y<strong>et</strong>kllisi, bu konuda<br />

'iUnlan söyledi:<br />

ORTAK<br />

EYLEMLER<br />

"tran, bölücü hainIere<br />

l<strong>de</strong>ôlojik, maddi ve <strong>et</strong>itim<br />

'<strong>de</strong>st<strong>et</strong>i satbyqr. Silah ya,rmml<br />

yBplyor.' t<strong>de</strong>olojik <strong>de</strong>stek,<br />

tran'da üsIenen bölücülere<br />

germa. taktikleri ve te.<br />

orlk notlar satJanarak yap.-<br />

byol'. Maddi aestek Ise ge.<br />

neI<strong>de</strong> para, makina ve mal.<br />

zeme.iIaç fekUn<strong>de</strong> oluyor.'<br />

~~I"I<br />

.Dogu<br />

va Günaydogu'daki<br />

I


•<br />

Tercüntan<br />

10.10.87<br />

17 Ekim'<strong>de</strong> yapllacak genel nüfus say'ml<br />

6ncesi Bagdat rejimi<strong>de</strong> Bulgar'l 6rnek aldl<br />

Kerkük'ie Türk 'IVlml<br />

Soyda~/anmlZ" kaylt/ara HKürt veya Arap" o/arak geçirmeye kararll o/an Bagdat<br />

eritme kampanyasl ba$/atll ...Direnen soyda$/anmlzdan 50'si kursuna dizildi<br />

_In.anlllll d.,.: KerkOk'On gOneyin<strong>de</strong>ki Be!iir kasabaslnda ya!iayan TOrkler'in en bUytlk ~lme ulrayanlar<br />

- evleri buldozerlerle YlkillP, topraklanna el kondu. Böige halkl KOrt isyancllann kont- Ise ya\un1an U11œ<strong>de</strong>n kaçan<br />

rolün<strong>de</strong>ki böigeiere sürOIOp yerlerine <strong>de</strong> Araplar yerle!itirildi. TOrk topraklanna yer- TUrk aileleri..<br />

lestirilen Araplar'a 50 milyon lira da "kredi" veriliyor 22 AltJstos'ta o~lIan çe-'<br />

IlIWt'SÜ.,.ü8Mle1d analar: Soyklrtm, özellikle yakrnlan Irak'tan kaçan ailel::- r ,,! uy- $itlhebepler<strong>de</strong>n dolayJ Ulke-<br />

- gulanlYor. OQullan dl!ianda olan 270 Türk anasl Kerkük polis merkezin<strong>de</strong> i!ikence yi terke<strong>de</strong>n 270 Turk anne,<br />

edildikten sonra kuzeye sürüldO. ÇoQunluQu ya!i" olan kadrnlara es ve yaklnlan: KerkUk polis merkezin<strong>de</strong> yan1n<br />

eslik <strong>et</strong>mesine izin verilmedi pllan \usa bir sorgulamadan<br />

D~ HABERLER SERvlst haberlere gOre, kitle halin<strong>de</strong> edilirken, lopraklanna da el sonra ~Urt isyancllanrnn Ii:<br />

. süraünler arah!tSlZ IUrüyor. kondu. Aradan I ay seçtik- d~rlen 1aIabaDI ve. BarzaDI-<br />

TraIt'ta TUrk unsurunu ent- lam zaman bu iflem tam ten sonra TUrkler )'lI.$aIna sa- mn kontrolundakl bölgeye<br />

.l.mek için yeni ve geDÏ$ çap- b" ~ ball' ah ~I verdikleri kulUbelerin- sUrUldUler. Ço~unlugu çok<br />

h bir 1campanya ba$1atlld1. 17 U'a:n:e k~ I\~~ 1 _ <strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> Ç1kanlarak yeni<strong>de</strong>n )'ll$h olan kadmlara kocala-<br />

Ekim'<strong>de</strong> yap1lmasl beklenen dire ~~ gO' ~k !t n e sUrUldUler. Bu bölgeye Amp- nnm ve diAer yakm1aruun esgenel<br />

nllfus sayumnda, TUrk- re<strong>et</strong>l.n œ:a:da:; oldur~~~ lar yerlestirildiler. lik <strong>et</strong>mesine izin veri1medi.<br />

ler'in ço~unlukta oldu~u. vdükeln.. d 0 sU dUler Bu arada, TUrkler'in ço- Kürt bölgesin<strong>de</strong> Irait <strong>de</strong>vböig<br />

lerd '~~~'Ia enm e ne r . d ka 1" .. h h<br />

e e )'ll$a~ ~7~ - Aym kaynaklara gOre, son ~unlukta oldu~u Ba~ at - <strong>et</strong>mm. otontesl emen e-<br />

n~~ kayJtlara .. Kart.~ gUnler içerisin<strong>de</strong> KerkUk ve rayolu Uzerin<strong>de</strong>ki "Dakak men hiç bulunmu.YO~' ~Syan-<br />

Anp olarak Seçiri1mesIIÇlD in<strong>de</strong> gOvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>le~ (DmIk)" kasabasmda 10 bin c1Iann da TUrk1ei e . 1}'1gOzle<br />

bUtUn tedbirler ahnd!. ~ dan kurcn"" dizilen .Anip'11i.';~l~ltfMlesr'liÇih bakmadlklan biliniyor ..<br />

Irak resmî makamlan tara- n .m -y-- 'bUturl hllZll'hklar tamaJi11an" Geçen 24 ~'ta Ise ~<br />

f: dan d. a ............ --D.. aralannda kadm ve çocukla- lm . 1cab I TU kl ,. "',nl kta<br />

m ann • .....-c d bId T kl ,. dl. Dakuk'a se e}'1 u ne r er m çolS~' u 0-<br />

diye amlan (kesin olarak nn a u, ~n u~u Ur er m e<strong>de</strong>cek Arap ailelerine, ev, 1$, du~ "Thz Harmao" kasa- .<br />

TUrk <strong>de</strong>nmiyor) SO)'da$lan- sa}'1SI SO ~ buldu. . topralt ve SO milyon liraya basmdan 47 kad1n evlerin<strong>de</strong>n :<br />

nuza kar$1 giri$i1en flzikî zu- KerkUk Un güne}'1n<strong>de</strong> Be. kadar da kredivaadin<strong>de</strong> bu- ahnarak KUrt bölgesine gOnlum<br />

<strong>de</strong> son gUnler<strong>de</strong> geni$ ,Ir kasabasmda ya$~ya.n lunuluyor. <strong>de</strong>rildiler.<br />

boyutlara ulll$t1. . TUrkler yaz. bll$mda hlç~u Bu konuda dikkati çeken<br />

sebep gostenlme<strong>de</strong>~ evle~n- ... ce.G 11__ .... 'nokta, çok sayJda Amp gen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

a1marak daha IÇ keslm- .... "". dnin <strong>de</strong> Çe$itli sebepler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

OUlYLAR<br />

le~ sUrUldUler. TUrkler'in ~- Ulkelerini terk<strong>et</strong>.mi$ olma1ai1-;<br />

Tilr!c böIgesin<strong>de</strong>n ulll$8Il len buldozerlerle yerle bu Irait yOn<strong>et</strong>imi tarafmdan na ra~en bunlann aileleri-'<br />

ne hiçbir $e)' yaptlmamasld!r.<br />

Irak 'ta )'ll$ayan I miIY(\I1'<br />

dan fazla Turk'Un eritilmni<br />

için hllZll'lanan en bUy'J¥<br />

oyun, 17 Ekim'<strong>de</strong> sabnt.,.'<br />

1conaca1c. Bu tarihte yaptlm;.>-<br />

SIbeklenen genel nüfus sa}'1<br />

D11ndâ kuzey<strong>de</strong>ki TUrk b


•<br />

~ 12.10.87<br />

PKK'dan kan •• ey.em<br />

• DIYARBAKI~ (MIL.HA)<br />

riil KK milltanlannm dûn ve<br />

~ önceki glin giriftikleri kara-<br />

, kaI baskiN ve maymb saldI- '<br />

nlarda üç ki~i öldü, bir ki~i yaralandl.<br />

Bu arada, Sanburfa-Mardin<br />

karayolu üzerin<strong>de</strong>kl ~abnlat KIIprlistl<br />

'ne sabotaj düunlendi. Ayak<br />

k1smma yerleftirilen patla)'lClllln in!<br />

maki lonueu köprii<strong>de</strong> hasar meydana<br />

geldi.<br />

KARAKOLA SALDIRI<br />

Mil-Ha U1u<strong>de</strong>re muhabiri Ömer<br />

Vamln'Iß haberine göre PKK militanlan,<br />

ilçeye ba~h Illkveren köyÜ<br />

Jandarma Karakolu'nu önceki<br />

geee, otomatik silahlarla taraddar.<br />

Çatl~ma masmda bir erin ~ehit 01-<br />

dugu ö~renildi. Militanlann yakalanmasl<br />

i~n U1u<strong>de</strong>re ve Hakkâri yöresin<strong>de</strong><br />

geni~ çapb operasyonlar düzenlendigi<br />

bildiriliyor.<br />

MAYINLI SALDIRILAR<br />

Mardin 'in Nusaybln ilçesin<strong>de</strong><br />

PKK militanIan tarafmdan yola dö-<br />

~en maymm paUamasl sonueunda<br />

iki ki,i öldü, bir ki,1 yaralandl.<br />

Sanburta komando taburunun yoluna<br />

dö~enen ma)'!n Ise misiz hale<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irßdi.<br />

l!diniIen bDgiye göre, Mardin 'in<br />

NlIS:8ybin ilçesine S kilom<strong>et</strong>re uzak.<br />

bktati Çaylarbllt Itöyü yakJmnda<br />

buluDan, belediyeye alt t&J orma<br />

fabrikumalÎ<strong>de</strong>n yoldan dÛDsabah<br />

aeçmeItte olan 304ZT 13?l>1aItab otomobil,<br />

maytmn iDft1aIt<strong>et</strong>meal sonucu<br />

parçalandt. Patlamada, otomabil<strong>de</strong><br />

buluDan Sadllt n. Oe, ilçe iç.<br />

meiuyu febekeal mûteahbldl AI<br />

ACQ 61d6. Sa", RaWolia adb kitI<br />

<strong>de</strong> • yararlanaralt MerdlD Devl<strong>et</strong><br />

Hastanesi'De tedavi a1t1na abn.<br />

dt.<br />

DOÇ'E MAYIN<br />

~burfa'mD CeylanplDar ilçesl<br />

yakmmdaki DeYI<strong>et</strong> Or<strong>et</strong>me ÇiftIIii'D<strong>de</strong>n<br />

leçeD stabilize yola PKK milltanlanDC8<br />

dö,enen maytn, glivenlik<br />

kuvv<strong>et</strong>leriDce mlsiz bale a<strong>et</strong>irildi.<br />

. DOÇ için<strong>de</strong>n Icçen yolun bölse<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunan komando taburunun<br />

araçlan tarafmdan da kulIamidip,<br />

bu yüz<strong>de</strong>n ma)'!ß1n askeri araçlara<br />

kaql konuldugu swyor. DÛÇ Sa.<br />

nçe~me köyü yaklmndan geçen yola<br />

dö~en maym, DÜÇ ~rorleri tarafmdan<br />

farkma vanlarak gûvenlik<br />

kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerine bildirildi.<br />

VAll KARACAN: "MAYIN<br />

ESKIYOI"<br />

Diyarbaklf ve Sanburfa emniy<strong>et</strong><br />

müdûrlüklerin<strong>de</strong>n olay yerine gön<strong>de</strong>rile"<br />

bomba ulmanlan, yola dölenen<br />

ve 17 kiloluk yag tenekesinin<br />

içine yerl~tirilen ma)'!ß1yerin<strong>de</strong>n ÇIkararak<br />

<strong>et</strong>kisil hale g<strong>et</strong>irdiler.<br />

Sanhurfa Valisi Alplslln KITI-<br />

Cln, "Büyük blr flell önlendl. So.<br />

ruJfurmlgenl, çlpb oIarak sürdüril.<br />

lüyor" ~eklin<strong>de</strong> konu~tu.<br />

KÖPROYE SABOTAJ<br />

Sanhurfa-Mardin karayolu ûlerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

~bYelal Kliprilsü'ne öneeki<br />

ak~am yerlestirildiii samlan patlaYledardan<br />

bir klsml intilak <strong>et</strong>ti,<br />

köprü<strong>de</strong> hasar meydana geldi. lpek.<br />

yolu üurin<strong>de</strong>, Viranfehir ilçesine 20<br />

kilom<strong>et</strong>re uzakhkta bulunan köprü.<br />

ye patlaYlel mad<strong>de</strong>l::, ,=I .....' :<br />

leri içerisin<strong>de</strong> yerle~tirildi. Köprü<br />

ayagma yerle~tirilen dokul patIaYI'<br />

Cldan be~i iofilak <strong>et</strong>ti ve köprü, ge.<br />

çit vermeyeeek ölçü<strong>de</strong> tahrip oldu.<br />

Gün<strong>de</strong> yakla~lk 5000 araCIn geçtigi<br />

Ipekyolu, ~Ihvelll Kliprils6'nün<br />

tahrip edilmesi ülerine Ulun süre<br />

tratige ka pan dl. Araçlar, yol üle.<br />

rin<strong>de</strong>ki çe~itIi parklarda bekl<strong>et</strong>ildi.<br />

PatlaYledann. yag tenekelerinin<br />

içine yerle~tirilmi~ su ni potasyum<br />

glibresiyle S,kl!ttnlml~ tahrip kahp-<br />

Ian oldugu belirlendi.<br />

~o<br />

..~NCEKI glin, Siin'in Simak<br />

ilçesine bagh Mefeiçi köyü<br />

Çoban<strong>de</strong>re mezrasml basarak<br />

13 ki~iyi öldûren 9 ki~iyi <strong>de</strong> yaralayan<br />

PKK'ya kar~' genij çapb<br />

operasyonlar düunleniyor. Sag ve<br />

yarab kunulan1ar ola)'!n <strong>et</strong>kisin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bâlâ kunul8IDJyor.<br />

mImI3JIml<br />

Ip IKK örgütünün Siin -<br />

Mardin yöresin<strong>de</strong>ki saIdm<br />

ve baskmlanm,<br />

"DiJÇi Caler" takma adh Veaim<br />

Aras ve PKK böige sekr<strong>et</strong>eri<br />

Melam<strong>et</strong> EmiB Allln'm<br />

planladlklan b<strong>et</strong>iniliyor.<br />

PKK taktikçi1erin<strong>de</strong>n Verim<br />

Aras, daha önee Hakkâri yöresin<strong>de</strong><br />

görevtiyken, olaganüstü<br />

halin ilanmdan sonra, Çohu<strong>de</strong>re<br />

katlianumn da meydana<br />

geldigi SlfDak bölgesine kaydtrIldl.<br />

ValIlI Aras'a, Slmak'-<br />

ID yaru SIf8 Eruh'\'e U1u<strong>de</strong>re'yörelerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

eylemlerin planla)'ledlll<br />

görevlerinin <strong>de</strong> verildigi<br />

ögrenildi. -<br />

Aym zamanda PKK'mn<br />

merkel komite ûyesi <strong>de</strong> olan<br />

Vesim Aras, örg1ÏtÜDMardin<br />

böige seltJer<strong>et</strong>eri Melam<strong>et</strong> EmIa<br />

Allu'a baih olarak ~Iyor.<br />

A5IIII- Ans ikilisinin, SOlI aylarda<br />

Sün'in Erub ve SlfDak, Hakkâri'nin<br />

U1u<strong>de</strong>re, Mardin'iD<br />

Ömerli ve Midyat ilçclerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

katliamlann planlanDl b8Zlrladddan<br />

beliniliyor.<br />

""""""<br />

~ 13.10.87<br />

PKKVAHSETi<br />

--<br />

BasklDdan yarab olarak kunu-<br />

Ian AU Sub, Mardin Devl<strong>et</strong> Hastanesi'n<strong>de</strong>,<br />

<strong>de</strong>b~ dolu dakikalan<br />

~yle anlatu:<br />

"Köpejimlz 1a,,1acb... Dlpn<br />

Ç1kllpmda, köyiimizüD a11lbb Id-<br />

PIer tlllflDdu klJllllclaPDI IÖrdiim.<br />

Tekl'll' 1çerI prdlm, hahama<br />

baller ftI'dIm. SIIabunm aIarak ÇJk-<br />

Ilk. Etbya ru&eIe at* bqladJ ...<br />

BIz <strong>de</strong> karpIIk venn. Mermlmlz u-<br />

dl... MmJ\ lertl d. Bu lU'lIda ben<br />

Ylralandtm. Etluya, IIIdtn a1anl<br />

ollrak hizim buluDdugumul yerl<br />

seçti. Our kiJlIik JTUplar blin<strong>de</strong><br />

meZIUIII timiDe IIIdtnp ber tara-<br />

" at* YerdiIer.<br />

hlyclik ......<br />

A<strong>de</strong>la .. 'lfta p-<br />

köye Iflemedim."<br />

ÇELlK DACI KU~ATMAOA<br />

Olaydan k1sa sûre sonra Mardin<br />

ve Siirt'ten helikopterlerle gelen vurucu<br />

timler, mezrarun <strong>et</strong>ekIerin<strong>de</strong> ku.<br />

ruldugu Çelik DaiI'm ku~atmll aItlna<br />

aldtlar. Yöredé yogun bir operasyon<br />

b~latddt. "<br />

Kat1edi1en mezra sakinlerinio, )'1-<br />

kJIan evlerin enk8Z1 allJDda kalan cesctIerïCizre'ye<br />

gön<strong>de</strong>rildi. Katliam<br />

kurbanlll yun~, Cizre Be!ediyesi<br />

tarafm4an topraga verildi.<br />

OIYARBAKIR'DA TOPLANTI<br />

DiyarbakIr' da yann yapllacak<br />

böige valileri toplantlSlna kalllmak<br />

için Diyarbakir' a gelen tçi~leri Bakaru<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Selçuk, basIDa kapab<br />

SLOGAN ATlYORLAROI<br />

olarak yapllan bir toplantlda baskin<br />

ile i1gili bilgiler aldt. Emniy<strong>et</strong><br />

8aslwun yanm saat kadar sûrdûgünii,anJatan<br />

AB Sub, ~yle <strong>de</strong>vam<br />

<strong>et</strong>ti:<br />

Gene! Müdûrü Sift<strong>et</strong> Anku Bediik<br />

ve OIaganüstû Hal Böige Valisi<br />

Hayrl J(ozakÇJOila'nun da ka-<br />

"TeriiriatIer bIr yaadu atq M-<br />

yor. bIr JDdu da "'oalar kaltIldtiJ<br />

IOplantl 4.5 saat sûrdü. Toplantlda<br />

bölge<strong>de</strong> a1man ve abßIDasl<br />

Iaaank dopa abJortri. BIzIere<br />

'Teslim olun', 'SafIarumza kauhn',<br />

•AgaIanmz ve sizleri koruyoruz diyer<strong>de</strong>r<br />

gelsin <strong>de</strong>, caDIII1ZI kurtarslD-<br />

aereken önlemkrin gÖTÛfü1diigüägrenilditar'<br />

dire Himyorlanh. ÇoInkçocuk<br />

.... buIIIIara IaJcbfar ... CI önœö glin VÎl'8Dfehir ve Ceylan-<br />

Ote yandan, PKK milltanlann-<br />

Bellca., öIä takIcI JIIIII1k hrtardull.leßIIIeSÏ<br />

Ülerine. ~ önlem1er aImplDar<br />

yörelerin<strong>de</strong> yo11ara maym dö-<br />

ÇOBAN NASIL KURTULOU? dt. Bu bölge<strong>de</strong>ki kritik nokta!ar ve<br />

Mezramn çobam Seyfelda VBrai,<br />

0 Slf8da koyon otIattJil için sai<br />

köprü1ere nöb<strong>et</strong>çi kondu.<br />

kunuldugunu belirterek, ~unlan anlatlJnunda<br />

basara ugrayar, Sanllurfa-<br />

PKK militanlanmn sabota;1 so-<br />

"Daida koJU oda1utl9, aIIaII<br />

Mardin karayolu Ülerin<strong>de</strong>ki ~Ibvelai<br />

köprÜ5Ünün ist onanldtgJ ve ipek<br />

~ "'yftll ... f.t\uJa, dnl<strong>et</strong><br />

y..... okIlplllU lçiD bIzllIep lebdit<br />

ediJonia. Basluaa UiradtiJDIID OPERASYONOA KAZA<br />

Yolu'nun trafige aç1ldtiJ bildirildi.<br />

........ f.Ii.<strong>de</strong>l ceJecek blr feY<br />

~burfa-Mardin karayolunda<br />

yoktu. Bir kaya ubua Iin1p, 011- gliven1i1tkuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinin yaplIiJ aramalar<br />

S1faslDda, kamyonun akta bel<strong>de</strong>dim ••. Sablba kldar da<br />

çarpllll<br />

MeUKt Doian adbjandarma eri ~.<br />

bit oldu.<br />

DEMIREL LANETLEOi<br />

DYP Genel B~kanl Süleymu<br />

Demirel, "Ollleyi yöneleBler<strong>de</strong>D<br />

.m<strong>et</strong>, c1aay<strong>et</strong>1erl qJeyen qluYlDln<br />

köki.i. IwuaDlISIDJ blr an enel<br />

Istiyor" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Demirel, Siin'in Mefeiçi köyü<br />

Çoban<strong>de</strong>re mezraslDda önceki gün<br />

qkJya tarafindan 13 vatand~muzm<br />

katledilmesiyle ilgili olarak yapl1iJ<br />

açlklamada. $unlan kayd<strong>et</strong>ti:<br />

"Sürl'În MefeÎÇi köyii, Çobla<strong>de</strong>re<br />

melTlSlnda olu <strong>de</strong>bfel vend<br />

tiDlyel IOnunda, 13 nludqllDll<br />

daba alçakça katlecllmit bulB1uyor.<br />

., Her <strong>de</strong>f_da bu oIaJlana kökÜDün<br />

klZlDIClpDl lÖyleYeD ülke<br />

yöl<strong>et</strong>iciJeriain IfrçKtea MI' çare-<br />

1+ bqvunp cJeyl<strong>et</strong>ia bitiD Jilriuü<br />

kuUamp <strong>de</strong>cIIklerlnl Ylpmall11"<br />

Ilmaal geimi, geçmifllr bile. ÜIkÏ:<br />

yi YÖDelenlenleD mIfI<strong>et</strong>, bu dDlyel-<br />

Ieri ïpeyea qluYIDln köküDülI ka.<br />

Z1amUJDI iltiyor."<br />

84 gün<strong>de</strong> 86 Ölü<br />

IP IKK, Güneydogu'daki<br />

DIYARBAKIR MIL-HA<br />

eylemlerini, S1byöD<strong>et</strong>im<strong>de</strong>n'olajanüs:<br />

tü ~ale g~ildikten sonra yaY~l1rdt. 22 Temmul 1987 ta .<br />

. nhin<strong>de</strong>n lubaren yapdan eylem1er<strong>de</strong> 64'ü katliamlarda olmak<br />

uzere loplam 86 yun~ bayatlanm kaybdti. Teröristlerle giri~ilen<br />

£...lI~malarda 5 resmi güvenlik görevlisi fehit oldu, 15 PKK mililaDl,<br />

olu olarak eie geçirildi.<br />

OIaganûstü ha1in ilamndan bu yana PKK'Dln giri~tiii büyük katliamlann<br />

bilançosu ise ~öyle:<br />

• 19 Aguiloi<br />

25 ölû, 3 yarah.<br />

1987: Siin'in Eruh ilçesi Milan melraSI basklßl'<br />

. .<br />

• 3 [ylü11987: Mardin'in Ömerli ilçesi Tekkuyo köyü yolunda<br />

maym patlamasl: 8 ölü, 6 yarall.<br />

• 11 [y/ü11987:<br />

6 ölü.<br />

Siirt'in ~Irnak ilçesi Karageçil köyûne baskm:<br />

• 21 EyJü11987: Siin'in ~Irnak ilçesl Çillekavak köyü basklßl:<br />

12 ölü.<br />

• 11 Ekim 1987: Siin' in Slmak ilçesi Çoban<strong>de</strong>re melraSI bask,-<br />

m: 13 ilili. 9 varal1.


•<br />

I<br />

tNGÖL, . .'. Rln~.<br />

Bgöl'Un Genç iTcesi Selvi<br />

bucapna ba~h Direldl köyü<br />

yalanlannda gUvenlik kuv-<br />

~eriyle silâhh ça~maya Riren<br />

4 teröristin ölü olarak ele.<br />

geçirildi~i belirtildi.<br />

Ahnan bilgiye göre, dUn<br />

sabah saat 09.00 slralannda<br />

Direldi köyiJJ yakmlarmda<br />

güvenlik kuvve<strong>de</strong>ri ile çattsmaya<br />

giren bir grup bölücü<br />

esklyadan 4'U ölU olarak eie<br />

geçirildi. Di~er teröristlerin<br />

ise kaçtl~I, !caçan teröristlerin<br />

<strong>de</strong> yakalarnasma çal1Slldt~.<br />

~l belirtildi.<br />

ÇATI~MA ÇIKTI<br />

Öte yan dan Bingöl'Ur.<br />

Genç ilçesin<strong>de</strong>, bölücü e$h<br />

ya ile güver1likkuvv<strong>et</strong>leri ara.<br />

smda silâhh. ça~lsma C;lk!\.<br />

14.10.87<br />

Olayda astsubay Abdullah<br />

Ön<strong>de</strong>r ile bir kOy korucusu<br />

yaralandl.<br />

y•• 1.... Dlw.<br />

Batiyan ~ir<strong>et</strong>i mensuplan,<br />

kendilerine bassaAhP dileyen<br />

tçisleri Bakarn Ahm<strong>et</strong> Sel.<br />

çuk'tan, "<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in kendßerine<br />

yer vermeslnl" istedi<br />

Arkad~IDllZ ~hnaz Kap.<br />

Ian'rn haberine göre, Batiyanhlar<br />

sOyle konustu;<br />

"Olaylara kall., bütün al.<br />

leier blr araya gelme karan<br />

aldLk. Devl<strong>et</strong> blze yarduna<br />

olsun, yer göstersln."<br />

Selçuk da, bu ist<strong>et</strong>in yerine<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irilecegini bildirdi<br />

r:mmm<br />

.PK/(. ko,.ucu/a,.,n !Je aske,./e,./n geftlgl tall yo/lQ,.da Slnll'/I ka/mayacak<br />

AnayollaramaYln<br />

14.10.87<br />

dÖ$eyin<br />

.PKK'nln askeri kalu ARGK'nlnGüneYdagu Anadalu sölgeSl'nln ba~lnag<strong>et</strong>lrllen<br />

"Satan" kad adll Nlzam<strong>et</strong>tln Tas. örgüte "Ekanamlk he<strong>de</strong>fiere yö:<br />

nellk saldlnlara da hamlamn" emrlnl verdi<br />

• Fadullah BULUTTEKiN In, örgülûn aybk yaym orgaru Sen- g<strong>et</strong>irilen diger PKK'cJlann isimleri<br />

• Namuk DURUKAN webuo <strong>de</strong>rgisin<strong>de</strong> yer alan bir ko. ise löyle:<br />

nUlmaslnda da, "ekonomlk lie<strong>de</strong>r. "Kör Cemal" kod adIJ Halil Kaya,<br />

"Ebubeldr" kod adIJHalil Atae,<br />

DIYARBAKIR, (MIL-HA) /ere saldm/masl" istendi. Oergi<strong>de</strong><br />

Ip IKK'mn askeri kolu AROK' Apo'ya atfen lU sözler yer aldl: '<br />

"Selim" kod adh Fenl AydlO,<br />

nin Oûneydogu Anadolu "Ekonomlk yatmm/ar balkl<br />

"Ber<strong>de</strong>!,' kod adh Mustafa<br />

Bölgesi'nin b81lna g<strong>et</strong>irilen yozla~fmyor. Davadan unklallm.<br />

.1{öo<strong>de</strong>m.<br />

"BotID" kod adIJ Nlum<strong>et</strong>liD Tali yor. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle TC'nln övünç kayörgût<br />

inilitanlanna "TraDsit yolla. na~ GAP Ile ötekl öoemll teslslera<br />

maym dÖjeylD, ekooomik be<strong>de</strong>(. re, uluslarar151 traoslt yollara ~al. olarak.bilinen yeni AROK sorumlu.<br />

Örgûtün' en aClmaSIZelemanlan<br />

lere yöoellk saldmlara h8ZlrlanlO" dmlar dUzeolemellslolz."<br />

lanOln ilb811ßa gelir gelmez, Apo ile<br />

emri verdi. Oergi<strong>de</strong>, Apo'nun AROK yöne. b8Z1konularda lers dûilûkleri <strong>de</strong> ög:<br />

PKK'run için<strong>de</strong>ki çekilmeler ne. licilerine gön<strong>de</strong>rdigi lU mesaja da renildi. AROK'ciler kendi birimleri<br />

<strong>de</strong>niyle, kadro<strong>de</strong>gi~iklikleri <strong>de</strong> slk. yer verildi:<br />

için "SIV8~ Kooseyl" <strong>de</strong>yioùni kullanmaya<br />

ballaYlOca, Öcalao bu du-<br />

181 ma ya b81ladJ. Orgûtün !i<strong>de</strong>ri Ab- "KUrdlstan'da her alle<strong>de</strong>o blr<br />

dullab ÖcalaD'1ß (Apo) direktifiyle, klllyi mutlaka SlnanOlza kazaDIO. ruma itiraz eUi. Ögrenildigine göre<br />

AROK'nin Oûneydogu sorumlula. Buouo YÖDtem/nl.slz bellrleylo. Apo, "SIVI~ Konseyl" <strong>de</strong>yiminin<br />

n da, lamamen <strong>de</strong>giltirildi. Yeni so. Am. mutlaka kazaodmn. KürdJs. sa<strong>de</strong>ce Merkez Kooùlesi emriyle kuJlaßllabileceßjni<br />

belinti. Nlzam<strong>et</strong>llD<br />

rumlu Nlzam<strong>et</strong>llo Tal'1ß, maY1ßh tao'dakl gençlerin askere g1tmelesabotajlann<br />

bundan böyle köy ko. rinl eD2elleylo."<br />

Tal ve öteki ARGK böige sarumlulannlO<br />

bu ikaza "j1mdJllk" uyduk-<br />

rucuJanrun ve askeri <strong>de</strong>vriyelerin ge- PKK'n1ß $arihurfa-Mardin ara.<br />

lip geçtigi tali yollarda s1ßlThblra. s1ßda, Ipek Yolu'nda girilligi son Ian da edinilen bil~ler araslOda.<br />

kllmamas1ßl, transit yollan da kap. köprû sabolajl da, bu emrin gereßj.<br />

samaS1ß1 istedigi ögrenildi<br />

nin yerine g<strong>et</strong>irilmeye b81landJ8Jlek-<br />

APo'NUN MESAJI lin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>gerlendiriliyor.<br />

PKK li<strong>de</strong>ri Abdullah Öcalao' AROK'nin SOnlmlll m'''~''''"'.-<br />

TercWnan<br />

3 bin Türk<br />

iran'da<br />

bekllyor<br />

BOIümka,.,.: E~i ve iki çoctJQu ile birlikte<br />

il< 13aQdat'm baskici rejimin<strong>de</strong>n kaçan Ekrem<br />

ÇobanoOlu. 9 gOn katlr Slrtlnda tehlikeli bir<br />

l<br />

kaçl~tan soma Iran'a ula~tl. Iran'da klavuz<br />

Kartler'e 3 milyon lira veren ÇobanoQlu Hakkâri'ye<br />

ula~t1<br />

1'8r1c kIWInu: Irak rejiminin KerkOk TOrkleri'ne<br />

uyguladlQI baskl da son sathaya ula~tl.<br />

.Zorla askere allmp Iran cephesin<strong>de</strong> ön satlara<br />

atllan TOrkler, ölOme yollamrken, KerkOk'te<br />

kalanlar da sOrgOne gön<strong>de</strong>riliyor<br />

Cengiz ALTAY<br />

AMSUN, (Tercüman)- Irak hükûm<strong>et</strong>inin KerkOk~<br />

Ste y~yan TUrkler'e karSI yaptl~1 baskl ve zorbah~lara<br />

dayanamayan bir soydCl$lmlzdaha bOtUn serv<strong>et</strong>lni<br />

buak.arak esi ve iki çocu~ ile birlikte Türkiye'ye kaçtl.<br />

KerkUk'ten kaçarken katlf slrtmda 9 gUn sUren yolculuktan<br />

sonra iran topraklanna geçmeyi basaran Ekrew<br />

Çobanotlu admdaki soydCl$lm!zburada ~ 'l1.i1y~n<br />

'ira verdi~i KUrtler nel.ar<strong>et</strong>in<strong>de</strong> Hakkâri'ye geçc:rek 11-<br />

14.10.87<br />

giliier<strong>de</strong>n iltica talebin<strong>de</strong> bulundu.<br />

Hakkâri Valili~ tarafmdan bir hafta misafir edildikten<br />

sonra bir polis ekibi ile Samsun'a gön<strong>de</strong>rilen Ekrem<br />

ÇobaDotIa,esi ve iki 1uz çocuAu ik birlikt.ebir ot.ele<br />

yerleserek iltica taIebinincevablIll<br />

bek1emeye b~ladl.<br />

Esi ~ 1uzIan 6 )'ll$lJldaki Göniil ve 4 yasmdaki Dar.<br />

na ile birlikte Kerkük'ten iran'a katsr slrtmda 9 gOn<br />

sUren yolculuktan sonra kaçma)'l bCl$&'dlklanmsöyleyen<br />

sOY~lm1Z,1èrcüman'da ya)'lmlanan KerkUk'teki<br />

TUrkler'e baskl ve zorbalIk yaptldtlt yolundaki haberi<br />

do~rulayarak sUnian anIatts:<br />

"Irak hükOm<strong>et</strong>i Kerkük'teId lftÇ TürkIer'i rom askere<br />

alarak tran œphesin<strong>de</strong> en ön<strong>de</strong> .. ~ siirüyor.<br />

Y~h olanlardan Ise orduya yardun diyerek paraIannl<br />

ellenn<strong>de</strong>n rorla allyor. Son olarak blzlen Kerkük' ten<br />

dajtltmak için blzlm yaptud1jtUDlZ7 aua.iyi ve nlenminn<br />

büyük blr IusDUDI J1karak <strong>de</strong>miryolu battl kurdular.<br />

Daba önœ nüfus cüzdlllllanmwla yanlt 01..<br />

"Osmanh Türk" ..... -tlerlai ..... "Arap" ,..wU'.<br />

Tercümaa gu<strong>et</strong>ellala yaadatJ phlldam ed.lIen ve tutuldanaD<br />

Türl<strong>de</strong>r arasmela beaJ.m lid akrabam WI. lieD<br />

Irak'ta müteabbitiik yaptyonlua. .. ale .... 110 mI)"OD<br />

lira param, nlm ve lid otomobUim vardi. KerkÜk'teD<br />

kaçmalDlf olsaydlm ,imd.lye kadar çoktan <strong>et</strong>lm ve çoculdanmJa<br />

blrllkte eslr kamplanna gjtmlttik."<br />

Samsun'un Kadtköy mahallesin<strong>de</strong> bir el.'tutan 36 yasmdaki<br />

Ekrem çobanojtlu, kaçarken yanma aldlgl 15<br />

milyon Iiramn bitti~ni <strong>de</strong> belirterek vatilikten yardtm<br />

ve is isteyecegini söyledi. Ekrem Çobaaojtlu, "lraD'da<br />

blzlm glbl Kerkük'ten kaçan 3 bin kadar Türk var. KIlavuzlu"<br />

yapan Kürtler'e verecek udar paralan olmacbtmdaD<br />

Thridye'ye gelemiyorlar. YaDIIDaaldatllD bütÜD.paraml<br />

kalavuzluk )'&pan Kürt)er aldl" ~I"P:M<br />

<strong>de</strong> konustu.


•<br />

14.10.87<br />

-Slddlk Bilgin<br />

i$i


•<br />

tit<br />

14. 1 0 .87<br />

ImUII ~IIII: PKK'nln .. Idlnl.nndan bIllIIn Bltly.n .,Ire" m.n,upl.", "Artlk ."mlld. kiln dM" Ylr. IntlkllmlmlZi muff.1ta ,18c~1Z, d6-<br />

kOI.n kIInl."mlz ,.rd. kIIlmly8C.k" .. kllnd •• nd lçll.<br />

HÖlllll<strong>et</strong>tIa LUlANFIL<br />

tIllT. ('Ièrdlmu). Coban<strong>de</strong>-<br />

katliAmJile birlikte, 30 renü<br />

Sre<br />

PKK milltanlanmn 8ClmssIZ<br />

kWJUIl!anna he<strong>de</strong>r olan Batiyan<br />

~ii<strong>et</strong>i "mensuplan "DeYI<strong>et</strong> IIWJ.<br />

lanmJD Ikb, ~ otelllllUk<br />

liWwIa, d bombuow, fi töfe-<br />

IlIle Iwp lIDymQI ÇIbpJonu"<br />

<strong>de</strong>diler.<br />

Bir )'1Idan beri Stmak bolaesin<strong>de</strong><br />

PKK'nin he<strong>de</strong>fi haline ,elen<br />

Batiyan ~ir<strong>et</strong>inin <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in<br />

silAh vermeaJ halin<strong>de</strong> terOristlere<br />

kArtl amanllZ mUca<strong>de</strong>le e<strong>de</strong>cekieri<br />

yolundaki iltekieri. nr.<br />

CÜIIIaII'da geçtÏlimlz aQnler<strong>de</strong><br />

sUrmllllJClten verllmiJtl.<br />

Haber<strong>de</strong>, ,or11Jlc:rinl ~<br />

~irel mensuplan, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in silAh<br />

vermesi halin<strong>de</strong> kendilerini rahalhkla<br />

savunabileceklerini,<br />

muhtemel saldmlan gOzkJrpmadan<br />

pUskürtebileceklerini, rakal<br />

saVUDID8S1Z durumda oldukian<br />

için, sllrekli oekil<strong>de</strong> can kaybl<br />

verm~ <strong>de</strong>vam <strong>et</strong>tiklerini bildlr.<br />

mislerdi. KOyluJer, PKK'dan in.<br />

!ibm almak için yemin eltiklerini<br />

<strong>de</strong> sOllerine ekiemislerdi.<br />

bu haber<strong>de</strong>n çok bsa sonra,<br />

Uç gUn Once yine Batiyan ~-<br />

line ail Çoban<strong>de</strong>re mezrasi<br />

PKK'mn saldmsma he<strong>de</strong>r oldu.<br />

OçU çocuk 13 vatan~ vahsk.e<br />

katledilirken, 9'u da çqilli yerlerinc¥n<br />

yaraJandl.<br />

?qir<strong>et</strong> reisleri Salt Demir ve iki<br />

arka~mdan soora, PKK milltanlan,<br />

SlrlISlYIa, Karageçil kOyün<strong>de</strong><br />

geçen )'116, bu )'117, çirtekavak<br />

kOytln<strong>de</strong>2 ve Kasrik Solazl'nda<br />

da Baliyanh'YI<br />

öidürdU. Hain saldmlarda. ~ir<strong>et</strong>e<br />

ail 250 b~ hayvan da teler<br />

oidu.<br />

IUUI DAvAillz VAR<br />

Baliyan ~ir<strong>et</strong>in<strong>de</strong>n Kulm<br />

AJdat, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in ellerin<strong>de</strong>ki siIAh-<br />

Ian aldtIuu kay<strong>de</strong>dcrek. "PU.<br />

uamu:da artlk !wi dl. YU.<br />

bd taraftaD blrt bldDc:eye uw<br />

<strong>de</strong>>'UI e<strong>de</strong>œk. ßatka yoln yok"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Aklaf, Çoban<strong>de</strong>re<br />

katliAmtm<br />

da sOyle anlalll:<br />

"AyDJ IDaI'llda oluruyoruz.<br />

0I8y pcaI, bb u.,. köJddd akrabalanmm<br />

z1yu<strong>et</strong>e &I....... Uk.<br />

Bir ... k6ydn bolD_ ft IIWJ<br />

sealer! dnyda.k. Uy<strong>de</strong>. limer<br />

yliludl)"ordu. SlliIlIanmm aIa-<br />

.rail kö)"e kOftuk. Ne \'IIr kA, lilli-<br />

talarl kaJII fi tllfell kullaaabr<br />

au, eoruyonam ,<strong>et</strong>klWere1 qer<br />

'Ev<strong>et</strong>' dI1ortaru, ,dip blze 6,.<br />

aek oIsuDIar. Etbya, zayd oIeIntumaz,<br />

IßIUIIDUI.I bulUDdapmu<br />

mezn ft köy\eft aldmyor.<br />

BIz <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>teD silD ladyoruz.<br />

Bu kau ~ lçID liIlb -a-sI<br />

sartm."<br />

Bu arada. lçisieri Bakam Abm<strong>et</strong><br />

SeIçù, Çuban<strong>de</strong>re mezraslna<br />

gi<strong>de</strong>rek vatan~lardan olay<br />

hakk1nda bilgi a1dt. SeIçuk, zao<br />

rar iOrenlere ,erekli yardmun b<br />

sa zamanda yapJ1acaluu bildirdi<br />

Sdpak'un incelemelerino:Emniyel<br />

Genei MUdürü Saff<strong>et</strong> An-<br />

UD Bedök ve OlaianOsIO Hal<br />

BOige Valisi HI)'ri ~otIa<br />

da kallidt.<br />

Öle yandan. teItlristlerin yaka-<br />

IIIIUIIII blr ... t1lk JOI ftrdL BIz<br />

0IlQ'8 adIaœJe kadIr .. bç-<br />

DIII1L"<br />

Batiyan ~ YIroI ailesln<strong>de</strong>n<br />

~Id YIroI da savunma-<br />

SIZbuak1ldtkianm One sürerek,<br />

e,klyaDln Kala$nikoruna, el<br />

bombalanna. av lor<strong>et</strong>i fie karJl<br />

koymamn imk4nJ1Z oldulunu<br />

sOyledi.<br />

Ellerin<strong>de</strong>kl siIAhlann <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> tarafmdan<br />

almmaalDa bir anIam<br />

veremediJin.l kay<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>n VaroI, 1an.nwJ için IÜvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinin<br />

b~lal!J1J operasyonlar<br />

DOyle<strong>de</strong>vam <strong>et</strong>d:<br />

"Çob.a<strong>de</strong>re'dl 61cl1riieD Eruh bolaesine kaydmldt. Çoban<strong>de</strong>re'~<br />

yak1n Asmactk, Ci-<br />

Allt 6ub. ellacleld .. tt1fe1ll1e<br />

~ brp koyda. So... dI vlhean. OUnesli, Damlarca, KOsbeyli<br />

ye Durmuslu kOyleri çem-<br />

bu .. kartIuJ oIda Te Ila1atuu<br />

kayb<strong>et</strong>tL HIç IC.~"_ ...... bere iWnarak. yolun aramaIar<br />

sUrdürU!Uyor.<br />

"... nu.Y,<br />

... KoaUCU YARALI<br />

Binaol' Un Gen ç lIçesin<strong>de</strong>, hO-<br />

IOcU <strong>et</strong>bya lle IlOvenllk kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri<br />

iraJmda sillhlt Ç8l1fma Ç1k-<br />

!J. "MuhabirimJz Arif Ataf'ln haberine<br />

,OR, BinaOi'Un Oenç qçai<br />

Seivi bucaJma baIh Dlrekli kOyü<br />

yakmiannda, dUn lUI 09.00<br />

straIannda ,Orüico ve "Dv"lhtanna<br />

uymayan bir arup böiUcü<br />

<strong>et</strong>bya ile IÜvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>ieri arasmda<br />

siWtb çal1pna Ç1ku. ÇallJmada<br />

kDy koruCUlubid F.rek ile<br />

ssllubay Abdul... Öll<strong>de</strong>r Y1Iralandt.<br />

68<br />

.~..,. ~"'.<br />

YOREK YAKAN At!TLAR: Çob.nd.re'd. be,lktlkl beb .. lnl, g.nç, J.,h 13 ,.lelnlnl kiybed.n ,OreGI Jlrlh enMlertn lery.llan<br />

aOllla~ dlnm.k bllmlyor. "Bill dOny.d. dlr1 dlr1 yaklyor1". EfkIY'Y' .lem.1e nrl.ydlk, ,.m.k ¥.rI.ydlle bunl.r oTmach. V.1i Am'm, Leyl"m'<br />

HUlI'lm ... Inllk.mlnll Ic.bl n. um.n 'IIn.c.k?" , .. r.r1 blr d'Od.n dIO@r1n.,.nkll.nlp duruyor. '


• • Hürriu<strong>et</strong><br />

-'- 15.10.87<br />

~ teroristi öldüren Ali Sanli, can güvenllgi Istiyor<br />

Kahraman korucu<br />

Nlzam ÖZEKiNCi dan once lerorisllerle çal1~maya<br />

giren \'e .3 lerorisli cil.<br />

IIRT (hha)- ~lrnaK 11- lJUTllugUIIUsoyieyell koy koru-<br />

Sçesi'n~ bagil ])erelçi Koyu' ,usi"nd,'<br />

~aptlgl konufllTlada. can L)rkusu<br />

ta~l\ an. gon" 1111 ~)\ ~-ll...-<br />

)ll\anlann. op('rH:,~()nah('n rlr .<br />

rilmemesi 2er('klJ~mll hatalann<br />

\ ml'lt'nnwmc~ml bt".yt'rl'j., 13<br />

15.10.87<br />

da katlld... '-----1<br />

içllieri BakanlDogu'dakl Vallier zlrresln<strong>de</strong> konupu:<br />

'.Göreve Dymayanlarl<br />

ba,la lulmaYIO"<br />

• Can korkusu ta~lyan gbrevillerin op~rasyona<br />

gön<strong>de</strong>rilmemeslnl Isteyen lçl~len Bakam<br />

Selcuk. "Milli butùnlùgùmùz saz konusu<br />

olùnca her ~ey gen<strong>de</strong> kallr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

"'ll'" ,dlledll


•<br />

16.10.87<br />

• Weizstleeker';n vtltl,rg"ntln sözlerini EI/ren van.t/ad!<br />

Ankara'da soguk dU!j<br />

• Nur BATUR 8 ANKARA eWelzsaeCKer'ln SÖzlerlne dolayll yamt geldi. KonuK Devl<strong>et</strong> 8a$:


..<br />

•<br />

eflrnak Ile Uludcre'dr a~;'('t'rl' 1111,00''"'tcr'( p-d;V""<br />

KOrku göçü<br />

. 'II . H<br />

• Seyf<strong>et</strong>tin ÖZGEZER<br />

• UlUDERE/~IRNAK (Mil-HA)<br />

KK'mn yogunve kanll basp<br />

kmlanna he<strong>de</strong>falan ~Irnak<br />

œJ<br />

yöresindrkimem_'arlaI II"<br />

<strong>de</strong>reköylhin<strong>de</strong>~biJ)'iik[>irf.Jç b~ladJ.<br />

Hakkâri'nin Ulu<strong>de</strong>re ilçesine<br />

bagiJIJlkvmn k[)yÜ, hemenhemen<br />

tiim<strong>de</strong>n bo~aldLKöy erkeklerinin,<br />

korueu olmalan iiin yaptlantekliflerigeriçe\'irdikJerivegäçkarJn<br />

aldlklan<br />

ögrenildi,<br />

~lfnak'ta da, mezralardayal3'<br />

)ar Baii;:an ,~!~~ti'":1t:rQThr- g(}Ç~<br />

;i :::r! ...hlyorlCi;.<br />

~lK~~'r1l:l geçtlgim~z günlerdf<br />

~!i '!~~j !~i a:.n baç;t:!:ida Batuyan<br />

a~'r'::ind('n 22 ~i~iöjdürüimu~fü<br />

,,\~ir<strong>et</strong>rri


•<br />

Tercüm.an<br />

318 muht~r<br />

Blnlö~ Va~~$i<br />

ile ta~I,11<br />

17.10.87<br />

Üç gündür Bingöl'<strong>de</strong> peri-<br />

~an olduklanm, sa<strong>de</strong>ce <strong>de</strong>rt<br />

ve dileklerini duyurmak için<br />

sabr<strong>et</strong>tiklerini bildiren muhtarlar,<br />

~öyle <strong>de</strong>diler:<br />

"Vati Bey, 'Biz terörle müca<strong>de</strong>le<br />

ediyoruz' <strong>de</strong>yip gitti.<br />

Hiz rnuhlarlar, iki ale~ arae<br />

sIUda kaldnk. Bir taraflan e~-<br />

!(Iyanln saldmlarma he<strong>de</strong>f<br />

olurken, diger yandan Jandarma<br />

Alay Komutanhgl biz!<br />

s!kn~tmyor. Her köye 10<br />

BiNGÖL, (Tercürnlln).<br />

31B köy muhtan, muhtarlann<br />

sorumluluklan, görevleri<br />

ve kar~lla~uklan problemlain<br />

konu edildi~i seminer<strong>de</strong>,<br />

Vali GÜller Orbay klzarak.<br />

toplanuYI yanm blraku.<br />

Orbay, seminer<strong>de</strong> yaptlgl<br />

klsa konu~m:adan soma, ba-<br />

ZI daire müdürleriyle toplantlYI<br />

~Qq~.-<br />

terkedinee, muhtarlar<br />

Özelldare Müdürü'nün üzeri<br />

ne yürüdü.<br />

19.10.87<br />

~OnJ~1II bj1lmak zorunda 01-'<br />

dllj!lImuzlI söylüyor. Bize<br />

bask! yaplyor. Kö)'ürnüzü koruyamazsak,<br />

hakklmIZda ka-<br />

[fmoli ~Iem yapJlacagml söylüyor.<br />

Biz kirne hizrn<strong>et</strong> yapahm?<br />

,;<br />

Hûrriu<strong>et</strong><br />

-<br />

19.10.87<br />

PKK, kÖy bast.: 1 ölü<br />

• Diele'nin Ye~i1slrt Köyü'nü bas an teroristler, köy muhtanm<br />

. öldürüp, e~i ve 3 çocugunu da yaralayarak, kaçlilar ...<br />

D tCL~ jDiy,!r~ak~r), PIY~ ~~8!lrn.;Ihtai m e~i ~9ra-<br />

(hha,- U'J~' ~~" ... " - ,,--<br />

tIçesi'ne ba~h Ye~ilsrrt Köy. ~~~ <strong>et</strong>tiler. Daha santa da eve<br />

ü'nü basan oir grup PKK mili- girerek muhtar ve 3 çocugunu<br />

tam, Köy Muhtarl Mehm<strong>et</strong> otomalik silahla taradllar.<br />

Devr~oglu'nu öldürdü, e~i ve Baskmda Muhtar Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

3 çocugunu da agIr yaraladllar.. Devri~oglu hayatml kaybe--<br />

Dün ak!l8ffi saat 19.00 sua. <strong>de</strong>rken, e~i Sabiha, çocuklan<br />

lannda bir grup PKK militam, 18 y~mdaki tclal, 22 y~m-<br />

600 nüfuslu Y~ilS1rl Köyü'nü daki Naciye ve 13 ya~mdaki<br />

çembere aldl. tkinci bir grup Ay~e agir yaralandl. Yarahlar<br />

ise Muhtar Mehm<strong>et</strong> Devri- Diele Devl<strong>et</strong> Hastanesi'ne kaI.<br />

~Iu'nun evini sardl. Evin dlTllarak tedavi allmo ahnd!.<br />

ka[J1slnI çalan leroristler. ka-<br />

19.10.87<br />

~ . " ' , . .<br />

Ne~l!'iig oydlnlatma<br />

Hilmi OÏlŒN<br />

G<br />

o i~IŒNDERUN (Mil-HA)<br />

IT IURKIYE Elektrik Kurumu<br />

Hassa ilçesin<strong>de</strong>n ba~layarak<br />

274 kilom<strong>et</strong>relik Türkiye.<br />

Suriye smInm Illklandlrma çah~malanna<br />

ba~hyor. Y<strong>et</strong>kililer, smlr boyunea<br />

güçlü neon lambalanyla aYe<br />

dmlalma yapllaeagml bildirdiler.<br />

Halay Valisi Sa mi O)"tun. konuyla<br />

ilgili lU bilgileri verdi:<br />

. "Bölge<strong>de</strong> görevIi birliklerimizin<br />

!eçhizall eksiksizdir. TEK, smlr bo-<br />

)"unda 1!lklandlrma çall!malanna<br />

önümüz<strong>de</strong>ki günler<strong>de</strong> ba!la)'aeaktlr.,t<br />

Güneydogu'da PKK<br />

iran'dan SIZIP eylem<br />

yap.y" ~<br />

19.10.87<br />

C Türk-Irak p<strong>et</strong>ro! boru hattml mayrnladl<br />

PKK'dan sabotaj<br />

• patlaYlcmm daha önce köprü sabotaJmda kullanllan PKK<br />

Imalat! "yag tenekesl maYIn" oldugu bellrlendJ<br />

• Mar.d!n'in Idil-Midvat i/çeleri araslnda boru hattrna yerle~tlnlen<br />

maVin, 60 santim <strong>de</strong>rinligin<strong>de</strong> bir çukur açtl<br />

'. . .' .... MARDiN (Mil-HA)<br />

Ipj KK mlh{~nlannea, MaNlin'lO Idil île Midyal ilçcleri arasmda ge.<br />

. çen Turkiye.lr~k p<strong>et</strong>r~1 b~ru haft:na dö;enen maYlOln patlamasl<br />

sonucu 60 santlmelrehk blr çukur açlldl, aneak herhangi bir zao<br />

rar meydnna gclmedi. .<br />

Edir-ilen bilgiyc göre, PKK militanlannea pel roi boru hnttlOlO. Mar.<br />

din:.ill .!dll re Mi~):al ilçeleri araslOdan geçen -Yay'van köyü yaklOlOdaki<br />

bolumune yerleltJr;len bir maylO, öneeki geee patladl. Patlamada boru<br />

hatt:n1O altl.nd~ 60 santim<strong>et</strong>re <strong>de</strong>rinligin<strong>de</strong> bir çukur açlld!, aneak boruda<br />

herhangl blr hasar meydana gelmedi,<br />

Türkiye-Irak p<strong>et</strong>rol boru hattJna yerleltirilen maYlOm, bir süre önee<br />

~anllurra.'nl~ CeYlanpmm~i!çesin<strong>de</strong> Cey'lanpmar.Mardin kara yoluna dö.<br />

jenen ve yag teoekeslOlO lçlOe ycrleltiri)en patlay~]larla yapllan maylO'<br />

lar!n benzeri oldugu belirlendi. Maymin tahrip güeü yüksek olmasma<br />

~agmen, borunun alti toprak zemin oldugundan ve iyi yerle!tirilemedi.<br />

gm<strong>de</strong>n boru hattma zarar verm~digj ögrenildi.<br />

Patlamamn meydana geldigi Idil.Midyat ilçeleri araslOdaki bölge<strong>de</strong><br />

hehkopterler <strong>de</strong>stegin<strong>de</strong>, özel harekât timleri ve komando birliklerinee<br />

ballatJlan geni$ çaph ooerasvonlar <strong>de</strong>vam edivor. .<br />

Slnlrlmlzda cani kampi<br />

• Yakup ÖZYILDIZ<br />

ranti~i veriyo~lar. Y<strong>et</strong>kili smcle~,<br />

• ERZURUM (MiL-HA) ~KK mn bugu~.e k~dar duzenledi-<br />

. gI eylellÙer<strong>de</strong>,$u'lenn hemen hemen<br />

IpI KK'mn en büyük ve en hiç he<strong>de</strong>f ahnmamaslmn da ilgi çeönem1i<br />

kamplanndan biri- kid oldugumi dikkat çekivorlar.<br />

nin, tran'da, smmnuza sa- BAZI KANITlAR .<br />

<strong>de</strong>ce 20 Kilom<strong>et</strong>re uzakhktaki Ma- Güvenlik y<strong>et</strong>kililerin<strong>de</strong>n ahnan,<br />

ko kenti yakmmda bulundugu ög. bilgilere göre, son zamanlarda ev.<br />

renildi. le~erini Dop An.dolu bölgesiile<br />

Mako'daki PKK kamplru, "Ag. <strong>de</strong> kayduan PKK'run, bu bölge<strong>de</strong>.<br />

n canavan" diye tanlnan azÙ1 PKK yakaJanan bw militanlanrun ùzcr.<br />

militam Ab~<strong>et</strong> Keslp'in yön<strong>et</strong>tigi lerin<strong>de</strong> Iran yaptsl giysiler,lran pa.<br />

belirtiliyor. Ogrenildigine göre, Ab. raJan ve Iran kaynakh silahlar<br />

m<strong>et</strong> Kesip yön<strong>et</strong>imin<strong>de</strong>k.i PKK mi- bulundu.<br />

litanlan, son zamanlarda Agn Da. Mako'daki PKK kampmda,<br />

~ <strong>et</strong>eklerin<strong>de</strong>ki yerle~im birimlerin. Ahm<strong>et</strong> Keslp'in yàm ma, örgütün<br />

<strong>de</strong>, Kars'm AralJk ve Igmr yörele- askeri kanadl ARGK'nin en önem.<br />

rin<strong>de</strong> yogunla~lInlan eylemleri, bu li li<strong>de</strong>rlerin<strong>de</strong>n Abm<strong>et</strong> Tosun'un da<br />

kamptan s~rB!< gerçe~~riyorlar. bulundugu belirtiliyor. TOlun,<br />

Allnan bllgIlere gare Iran ma. 1985'te Agn Da~'run Mibtepe mev.<br />

kamI~, Mako'~ ~KK ~amplrun kiin<strong>de</strong> güvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lepyle girilvarhgIna<br />

ve faaliy<strong>et</strong>lenne gaz yumu. tigi çalllmada yaralannul sag koyorl~r.<br />

Kamptaki PKK militanlan- lu felç olmu~tu. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle TOlun'<br />

nm, Inm mak~annd~, bannm~- un silahh eyiemlere kau\madi~, tak-<br />

OInl'am ma, gIyeeek, Ylyeeekve SI' tik ve strateji illerini üstlendigi ög.<br />

lah yardlml gördükleri <strong>de</strong> öne SÜ. renildi.<br />

rÜlüyo!. Iddiaya g~r~, bu <strong>de</strong>stek Erzurum'daki iran y<strong>et</strong>kilileri<br />

kar~llIgmda PKK mthtanlan Iran- Ise, PKK'mn Mako kampl konu-<br />

Wara Türklye'<strong>de</strong>ki eylemlerin<strong>de</strong> ~ii sunda s


..<br />

•<br />

Örgütten aynlan Ferzanda<br />

görüldügü yar<strong>de</strong> vurulacak<br />

PKK'dan.ölüm emri<br />

•<br />

P•• 'lIa ,62011M<br />

'_<br />

Ön<strong>de</strong> gélenmllltanlardan olan "Sinan" kod adll Ferzan<strong>de</strong> Zuhurlu'nun<br />

gOVenlik kuw<strong>et</strong>larina tasllm olmasrndan va itlraflarda bulunmaslndan korkan<br />

PKK, "ölOm amrl" Clkarttl<br />

19.10.87<br />

IYARBAKIR- Dol\u ve<br />

~Gil~.ogU ~~:i~olu.b:-Igestn~1@IIlI<br />

ey,cinlcrl!1; Ge-<br />

'lam i:ùiiii" M!üeU ~~bya<br />

men stJijfàn, a r;~Ia rind a ki<br />

"çözülme"<strong>de</strong>n dolay; son<br />

gOnler<strong>de</strong> panik içine dil~l!!ler.<br />

PKK'ntn ön<strong>de</strong> gelcnlerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

alan 'Ie bir sOre önee örgOtten<br />

aynlan "Sinan" kod<br />

adh Ferzan<strong>de</strong> Zubarlu'nun,<br />

gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>ierine teslim<br />

olmasmdan ve itiranarda bulunmastndan<br />

korkan bölUcü<br />

qklya, bu ki~i için ölOm emri<br />

Çl kartu.<br />

MAYIII DOt.D .....<br />

Öle yandan Mardin'in Idi!-<br />

Midyal ilçeleri arasmdaki<br />

lrak.:rtirkiye p<strong>et</strong>rol born haltl<br />

yakmmdan geçen yola, PKK<br />

tarafmdan maym dö~endi.<br />

Yayvanlepe köyi1 yakmlanndaki<br />

Irak-TUrkiye p<strong>et</strong>rol<br />

boru haiti yakmlarmdan geçen<br />

yoIa dö~enen J7 kilogramhk<br />

yaA tenekeleri için<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

maymlar, öneeki gUn ak-<br />

~am saat 18,00 siralarmda infilâk<br />

eui. Patlama sonucu<br />

yolda 60 santÎm<strong>et</strong>re <strong>de</strong>rinli-<br />

Ain<strong>de</strong> çukur açlldl, ancak can<br />

kayblßm olmadJAI belirtildi.<br />

Öte yandan bölUeU e~kt~l,<br />

Siirt'in ~Irnak ilçesinc baAh<br />

Dereler köyi!n<strong>de</strong> oturan 4 vatand~1<br />

baskm yaparak kaçlrdl.<br />

Bu arada, 2 YIIönce PKK<br />

militaßl Ahm<strong>et</strong> Keslp taraflndan<br />

kaçmlan ameaoAlu Musa<br />

Kesip'in gOvenlik kuvvnlerine<br />

teslim olmaslßdan ~o \-<br />

Vi'l~ n"~' !:i~i faraflßd n<br />

kaÇinlarak mIlitan ~i$tirik-n<br />

Pap lin", Mèhmel Akl~ ve<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Kaplan isimli terörist-<br />

1er <strong>de</strong> gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerine<br />

teslim oldular,<br />

N<br />

Ar.un<br />

UNSAl<br />

ANTES. (Hürriy<strong>et</strong>)-<br />

meni ,'e Kürt prop.~gan-<br />

Er-<br />

,h'l yaplt~l lddi8Slyla geçtiginllZ<br />

Ii "aziran'da $anhuna'<br />

da lUlukland,klan.sonra yarglç<br />

onune çlkanlan ve 5 Ekim'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

,;on duru~masmda Türkiye'<br />

<strong>de</strong>n çlkmamak k~luyl8 serhe,;l<br />

blrakllan Frans,z rehber<br />

Jean Michel Caraminot'<br />

\.u. lstanbul'da kaYlplara karl~ltklan<br />

""nra geldtgl Fransa'<br />

ntn Nantes Kenli'n<strong>de</strong> bulup<br />

konu~n ilk Turk gazeleci,<br />

Hürriy<strong>et</strong> muhabiri oldu,<br />

Caraminot, Hürriy<strong>et</strong>'e<br />

"Türkiye'dpn aynlwm, ama<br />

Turk 'adal<strong>et</strong>in<strong>de</strong>n kaçmadlm<br />

çünkü, masum 01-<br />

du~uma inamyorum. Da-<br />

Yam glvablmda da gÖl'Ülebilir,<br />

TÜrk adal<strong>et</strong>inin benim<br />

suçsuzluguma karar verecej1;ini<br />

umuyorum, Ne Ermeni.<br />

ne <strong>de</strong> Kürt propagandaSl<br />

yaphm, Davamm d~mesini<br />

dcgil. tersine sonuçlandlnlmaSlftl<br />

arzuluyorum,<br />

beraat e<strong>de</strong>cegime inamyorum.<br />

Bir gün, elb<strong>et</strong>te ba-<br />

J;lm dik. almm açtk olarak<br />

yeni<strong>de</strong>n Türkiye'ye lte1eœ-<br />

~im" <strong>de</strong>dI<br />

Caraminot'un: <strong>Paris</strong>'e<br />

~oo kilom<strong>et</strong>re uzakhktaki<br />

Nantes Kenü'nin yakm banli-<br />

\usli Saint Phildar Belediye<br />

Ba~kan YardtmClsl babasl<br />

Marcel Caraminot \'(' a/Utesi<br />

Georg<strong>et</strong>te Caraminot ile onœki<br />

sabah <strong>Paris</strong>'ten yapl.-<br />

~llniZ uzun l.el<strong>et</strong>on gorü¥ßelennin<br />

ardmdan. Hürriy<strong>et</strong> mubabiriyle<br />

ka~18ljITlaYI kabul<br />

roen 30 y~ndaki turist rehben,<br />

beraberin<strong>de</strong> ktz kard~i Annick<br />

ile ran<strong>de</strong>\'umuza geldigind..<br />

oldukça mutlu ginükliyordu.<br />

Caraminot, "Ba~dan<br />

tii.m geçenlere ragmen Türkiyt"'ye<br />

w Türk insanma<br />

olan sevgim <strong>de</strong>vam ediyor.<br />

Özellikle Türk baslmmn<br />

yargllanmamm a1eybin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

tutumunu. büvük bir minn<strong>et</strong>le<br />

daima anacagun. BaZI<br />

kamu görevlilerin hatall<br />

yakla~mlanm Ise hep hayrct<br />

'le üzüntüyle ka~llayacaglm"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di,<br />

Turk eezaedprinin "Midnight<br />

Express"nin IGeœya-<br />

TISI Eksp,esi I çirkin goruntulenyl"<br />

hlçbir ilgisimn oimadlgml.<br />

!e"'lne lutukh..:gunlerin<strong>de</strong> çev-<br />

,,'sln<strong>de</strong>n gordugu yakmlIgl hiç<br />

unulamayaeaglnl behrtti.<br />

Caraminot. "tstanbul'<br />

dan nasll kaçtlmz?" sorumuzu<br />

i", œ\apslZ blraktl. "Bunu<br />

bana lütf"n sormaymlZ. Bir<br />

gün gelir açlklanm. Ama<br />

~imdilik. beni mazur görim"<br />

dive kQnu~tu. Caraminot.<br />

tUluksuz yargllanmaslna<br />

i1i~kin kararln ardtndan<br />

kendisine pa


• ,.<br />

ik~l{{;tçiI~~~~;tliler19.10.87<br />

SHP'<strong>de</strong>n ve YSK'<strong>de</strong>n veLe)yjyell Nur<strong>et</strong>ti Il Ylllnaz,<br />

Il~~~!~e~<br />

74<br />

n Say.n Yllmaz, Ilginç oIaylar ya,am., gruplar' tarahndan sevol'yorsa, oy !oplamay, "z ,lmèlÇ gOvenoyu alabllmell Içln blr lek<br />

I.-l blr avultal va Ilyas<strong>et</strong>çisiniz. Son goo. ba,aror. oya bIB muhlaçSlnlz, Beni çukura attllllz,<br />

ler<strong>de</strong> ad,",z kamuoyunun gün<strong>de</strong>mln- Ll bataoa sapiadll'lIz ve yok elmeye çal"lInlz,<br />

<strong>de</strong> Slk Slk yer aldl, Eski bir CHP'li ve "'ireUer araSindaki i1i,kiler genellikle Ama ,Imdl slzln :::,r :'.: :. !~.!".!!dar atmamz<br />

sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokral olarak ANAP'tan nasddlr? Vanl çok geneI<strong>de</strong> soruyo- allz konuau. Ben bu aeler <strong>de</strong> IIze oy vare.<br />

aday oldunuz, AsI,"da geçml,le CHP, r':',"'.•• DoaUuk. dû,manhk glbl ... Çok ceOIm ve alzl bu balaklan kurlaracaOlm",.,<br />

günümüz<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> SHP larallf!dan blr du,manhk var mid,,? Ve Emin Bey, ben Ecevlt'e güvenoyu verd,m.<br />

anlamda "oroz edilen va "'slenme- Tabli her .. ir<strong>et</strong> ölgürdür ve kendi ba,,"a Abdllfkerlm Z11anarkada"m, da ikna ellim.<br />

yen kl,l" olan blr lnsanSlnlz. Böylece harekel e<strong>de</strong>r. Oyle, kan davas,na varan olay- B'l'm oyla',m'lla Ecevll ,klldar oldu. B" veya<br />

aforoz edillnee <strong>de</strong> ANAp'a yana,llf'llz- lar, a,,,eller araslnda pek yoklur, ama dosl- ik, oy larkla hUkùmel oldu Halla 0 günkü<br />

ANAP aday. oIdunuz, aneak bu kez luklar ve dü,manliklar elb<strong>et</strong>te kl gön.ilur. konu,mamllda Ecevll bana. "SaYln VIImaz.<br />

<strong>de</strong> Yilksek Seçim Kurulu slzi v<strong>et</strong>o alze kar,. gerçeklen yanh, davran.,larda<br />

eW. Bul!ün Ilzlnle bu olayla" konu,a. n Slzln oralarda blr a,lrel mensubu, bulunduk. Size kar" maheubum ve bor~lueaglll1_..<br />

Bugüne kadar her zaman so: ~ kendlslnl IInee 0 a,lrelln bir bireyl yum" <strong>de</strong>d,. 0 "Borçluyum" sÖluyle samgörü,lü,<br />

soayal <strong>de</strong>mokral blr lnsan olarak ml görür? yorum bana da b" gun bakanlik vereblleeeil'"<br />

olduOunuzu açoklad,",z. Nasll oluyor Elb<strong>et</strong>te . OrneOin btr Tavan ~"ell mensubu, n, soylemek 'sledl ve halta <strong>de</strong>d, kl. "D~zlüOe<br />

da lnsanlar, kendi görü,lerine lama- "Ben önee Tayan'hy.m~ <strong>de</strong>r. A,oreltnin ismi- ç.kl!OI'!"z,. zaman, s,ze. b~ borcumu o<strong>de</strong>ye.<br />

men ZlI olan parlitere gidip aday ola- n, ve ç,karlanno korur. Onun Ism,noyùceltmek ceg.m. soylemek Isle rom ... Ve beno kap'ya<br />

blliyorlar1 ... CüölU yapan sa<strong>de</strong>ce Ilz ,sler. Kll1lSeI ,eylerin, Iklne, planda lutar kadar ~Ourladl Bulun bunlann ,ahldl Ugur<br />

<strong>de</strong>gitslnlz, Bu oIaYIf'l birçok örneginl ~orel baOlan son <strong>de</strong>reee guçludùr. Mumcu dur...<br />

gördük son ylilarda... (Em;n ÇölafSn'm now: Olaym böy/e oIup<br />

SaYI" Çöl..,an, b'l alleee. 1946 Yllindan beri n Pekl, Mardln'<strong>de</strong> bülÜn a,lreller Kürl oImadlg"" lJgur Mumcu'ya sordum we aynen<br />

CHl"lIy" Ben.m ameam Cizre'<strong>de</strong> y.llarea ~ kökenll mldlr? dogrulad.J .., .•<br />

CHI' ,Içe ba,kanhO' yapt,. ben gençhk kollan Evel Ll'<br />

ba,kanl'!l, yapllm. Bll bunun s,kml.lannohem Sonra, Bülenl Ecevll size bakanhk<br />

Demokral Parli, hem <strong>de</strong> Adalel Parlisi ,kt... n Mardln'<strong>de</strong> bir <strong>de</strong> Arapça konu,an va- leklifln<strong>de</strong> bulundu mu? Herkes bol<br />

danan donemln<strong>de</strong> çok çekllk Hatta CHP'h ~ landa,lar var... Onlarln da a,irellerl kese<strong>de</strong>n bakan yaplldlg.na göre, belolmamln<br />

sonueu olarak 1'!l59 Yllinda "Kürt. oluyor. mu? ki size <strong>de</strong> sera gelmi,lir bir gün ...<br />

çütiik propagandaSl yapmak, yasad.,. Kürl Efendim, Arap unsuru a$oreller yoklur. Aneak Hayor. boyle bor teklll gelmedl. 1979 ara selIrgülü<br />

kurmak" suçlanndan tutuklandlm. Bu Mardin merkel,nln uçte Iklsl .Ie Midyal ve çlmlerin<strong>de</strong> be, tane 00' 1T1Illelvek,lhO.yard,<br />

olaydan Tlirklye genelin<strong>de</strong> 49 k", tulukland,k, Savur ,Içelenntn b" bolümü Arapça konusur, Be"n, <strong>de</strong> Adalel Partlsi kazandl. Eeevit benl<br />

Soma 'da suçsl!Z bulunarak beraat <strong>et</strong>t'm. Ama bunlar,n Arap kökenli olup olmadlklann, v<strong>et</strong>o e<strong>de</strong>rek. Mardln'<strong>de</strong> ben,m yerome Melin<br />

Muaaoglu'ou seçlorm~li Musaoglu CHP'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

.ri Slz,Kürl kökenli misiniz? ben btlmem. EOer Arap kokenh iseler. ona da 'sl,la <strong>et</strong>h ve AP'ye geçl' .. Ve Demlr.' bunlar-<br />

~ saygl duyanm. la Ecevil Hukum<strong>et</strong>,'ni dü,urüp yeno bor hùkumel<br />

kurdu Ben. 0 hokumele r<strong>et</strong> oyu kullan-<br />

Elballa Nurellin Bey... insanlarln kö- dim Eger benlm kls.sel çlkar gib; bor amae,m<br />

Ll kenlne hepimlz saYlll duya"z, Pekl olsaydl. 0 zaman pazarliga glns'p her lurlu<br />

diOer Ilçeler<strong>de</strong> durum nasll<strong>de</strong>r? Ora- olanagl kendlme saglayabll"dlm<br />

larda hang! di. konu,ulur? U K,sa bir sure soma da, Cumhurba,-<br />

DiOer Ilçeler<strong>de</strong> Kürlçe konu,ulur. Halk.n ta- kan, aday. oldunuz. 0 nasll gerçekmam,<br />

Kürl kokenlidor ve Kürlçe konu,ulur. lesli?<br />

E~. efendim Kürl kökenliy,m... 1973 seçimlerlli<strong>de</strong><br />

ben Mardin CHP mill<strong>et</strong>vekili seçlld.m .we<br />

IlStenin binnci soraslndaver aldlm. 1977 y,hna<br />

kadar çok milltan btr m,lIelvekill ,dIm EOerbir<br />

ver<strong>de</strong> seçlm varsa va orada DoOuve GuneydoOu<br />

kökenh valanda$lar çoksa, beni partim<br />

mutlaka oraya gôn<strong>de</strong>rird, va onlar arasInda<br />

çah$ma yapardrm. Fakal soma: CHP ile<br />

aramll bOlulmaya ba,ladl. Bunun da sebeb"<br />

1977 Yllindakl kurultayda, genel merkelin<br />

önerdiOI ba,kan adaYlna oy vermed,m .Ik,ne.<br />

sebep, GüneydoOuslnorlanmlzda ball olaylar<br />

olmu,tu. Jandarma, borçok vatanda"mll' 01-<br />

dürmu,tü. Ben. bu olaYI Meelis'e g<strong>et</strong>ordim.<br />

CHP herhal<strong>de</strong> bundan rahalslz o!du kl, 1977<br />

seç,mlenn<strong>de</strong> Mardln'<strong>de</strong> önseçun yapmadl.<br />

Mardln'<strong>de</strong> ozel olarak genel merkel yoklamaSIyaptllar<br />

ve benl Iisteye sokmadllar Cysa<br />

Mardin'In bulun liçelen benl Isllyardu.<br />

n Sizi nlçln d"lad,lar? Aeaba Kürlçü'<br />

I..-l sünüz, ya da Kürl kökenlislnll diye<br />

ml?<br />

Ben. byie zann<strong>et</strong>t<strong>de</strong>r. oyle kabul <strong>et</strong>tller . Bunun<br />

uzenne 1977 seçlmleron<strong>de</strong>baOlmslzaday<br />

oldum ve seClml kalandlm Say.n ÇÖla,an ..,<br />

o kadar kl, Clzre oylann,n lumunu ben aldlm<br />

CHP sa<strong>de</strong>ee 15 oy kadar alablldl Cizre'<strong>de</strong> ..<br />

.ri Böyle bag.ms,z millelvekili seçllebll-<br />

~ mek Için bir yer<strong>de</strong>n güç almak gerekiyor.<br />

SI2in arkamzda a,ireUer mi<br />

var? Siz a,lr<strong>et</strong> mensubu musunuz?<br />

Elend1m.benlm babam kucuk memurdur Anl'lem<br />

lara11"dan a,or<strong>et</strong>çIY'z Annem. Tayan<br />

"'irell'"e Mensuplur Ama oralarda sevllen<br />

ve sayllan blr dllenln çocuguyum 0 yore<strong>de</strong><br />

avukatllk yaparken. herkese saygl ve sevgl<br />

gosterdim Para kazanmaYI hep. arka planda<br />

gordlJm Buyuk blf loplumu. ke"d.me hayran<br />

b"akl"dIll1 Ve lab,' buyuk b" oy polanslyeh<br />

oluslurdum Te:


..<br />

•<br />

DEVAM<br />

zaman? '<br />

Onu arllk kend,len dU\lunsunter efendiml .. Oy<br />

verenler dU\lùnsùn!<br />

n Evel elend1m; 12 Eylül oIdu va aldllar<br />

iii.-! sizllçeriye ... Az daha Cumhurba,kam<br />

oIacakken, kendinlzllçerl<strong>de</strong> buldunuz!<br />

Ne yaph",z da ald1lar sizi?<br />

Efend,m dort suçum vard,' B,nnel suçum.<br />

1979 y,IInda Nusaybin'<strong>de</strong> "S,k'yönelime Ha.<br />

y.... pankarl. asan ,k: çcr,:c. ,::r.:::,."T'.3 kcmu.<br />

tamn,n çok sert davram\l.m gordum ve müda.<br />

hale ellim. Orada. bemm hakk'mda. gbrevll<br />

memura hakar<strong>et</strong>len zabil lulmu\llar Ik,nc. ~uçum.<br />

TBMM'ye Do"u ve Güneydo"u'nun gen<br />

kalm'\lllg, ,le IIgl11b,r ara\llirma önerges, verm'\lt,m<br />

Orada yapt.glm konu\lmay, y,llar sonra<br />

Yank. Derg,sl yay'nlad!. Ondan da luluklandIm<br />

U('I!"'-'J$I; ';-:." D!')(neOI Davasl.. Dör.<br />

du~C"su <strong>de</strong>, D'Z, guya 19n seç.mlenn<strong>de</strong> $e.<br />

raleltln Elçi Ile b rl,kle koylere g,d,p KUrlçülUk<br />

propagandas, yaDm'\l'z DU\lunun k, 0 slrada<br />

$ereleltin Elçl. A!' aday', ben bag,ms,z<br />

aday,m ik.wn1z>nr"rll~te qezmesl mumkun<br />

mu' N,leklm mahkefT1e<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>d,m k,. "Bu hadise.<br />

Demirel'le Ecl!vilÏn ay"' seçim olobüsüne<br />

binip propaganda yapmalarlna benzer<br />

ki, e~ya" ~ labial,"a ayklrld ....... Sonuçla<br />

hepsln<strong>de</strong>n t,èraat <strong>et</strong>tlk, ama 1980-1982 araslnda<br />

,k, " I .adar ,e<strong>et</strong>!<strong>de</strong> kald,m'<br />

LJ 15ke.1{e gordunüz mü?<br />

Diyarbak .. CezaeVl'n<strong>de</strong> gördum fSleribul:da<br />

Karlai ve Saömalcllar'da kald,m Islanbul da<br />

'\lkenee yokl.;' Diyarbak .. Ask<strong>et</strong>! Cezaev,'n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sonra, Istanbul eezaevle" bana Hillon<br />

Ole" g'bl geld,<br />

Ben, ANAP'I niçin<br />

seçtim? SHP bem<br />

dl!?ladlml? DI!?ladl.<br />

Artlk benim baglmslz<br />

aday olmam mÜJnkün<br />

<strong>de</strong>gildi. Süreyi kaçlrml!?hm.<br />

Halklmlzm korkusuzca<br />

ya~ma özgürlügüne<br />

sahip olmasl. insanca<br />

ya~masl için mill<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

olmamI halklm istiyor. Ve<br />

SHP'nin kapadlgl kaplyt<br />

bana, ANAP aÇlyor".<br />

U Nas,l iskence gördünüz?<br />

Saym Çölasan, 1983 yil' ba\llanna kadar DI.<br />

yarbak .. Aske" Cezaevl'n<strong>de</strong>kl va~el ve zulum,<br />

sanm'yorum KI dunyamn bas ka blr yenn<strong>de</strong><br />

ols un. Hem hZlk, Iskenee gordum. hem <strong>de</strong><br />

Insan benltg'", yok <strong>et</strong>meye yonellk 'skenee<br />

gordllm. Baz, \leyler vardlt kl. onur kltlCl \leylerd.r.<br />

Onlan anlatma",n anlam, yoklur ... Ama<br />

laOlm' 'çltd'k!e'l ,nsanlan gbzlerimle g6rdUm.<br />

Bunlar oyle blrkaç kellme Ile anlalilaeak \ley-<br />

1er <strong>de</strong>gridlt. OrneR'" bit glarurnzlöldürmesi olayuu Meclis'e g<strong>et</strong>irmem,<br />

CliP'yi rahatslZ <strong>et</strong>ti. Beni Kürtçü zann<strong>et</strong>tlier ...<br />

da ç$ ao~ak!., çunku sasyal <strong>de</strong>mokraI<br />

ve sol görü~lü bir insand,",z ...<br />

Onu da arz e<strong>de</strong>y,m Eve!. g't1lm Oraya ben,<br />

DSP'Ii bit yelkil, davel elm'st, ve g,tl,m Beni<br />

Relah Parlisi KurultaYl'na çaçjltSalard,. y,ne<br />

g'<strong>de</strong>rd,m Bu bit nezak<strong>et</strong> ve prokolol '\l,dlt<br />

Halla. DSP'<strong>de</strong>n bltaz once SHP Kurultay' da<br />

yard. Oraya da glttlm ve çlçek gon<strong>de</strong>rd1m<br />

n. 0 toplanlllara gi<strong>de</strong>rken bir millelvekil-<br />

~ 1i"1 beklentiniz lalan yoklu, <strong>de</strong>gil ml?<br />

Yani 0 parliIer<strong>de</strong>n adayhk yahnm,n,<br />

dü,ünüyor muydunuz?<br />

Haylt efendlm. oyle bit sey soz konusu <strong>de</strong>g"-<br />

dl kes,nhkle<br />

n Sonuçla, Mardin'<strong>de</strong>n adayhk için<br />

~ SHP'ye ba5vurdunuz ve SIZ' red<strong>de</strong>ll,-<br />

"r." Acaba bunun gerekçesl .,vone:<br />

"Kürlçü" olmak mlyd'? ~izi Kurlçu<br />

oIdugunuz ;çin mi iSlemed,ler parhierIn<strong>de</strong>?<br />

Elend'm. ben SHP adayhg,na basvurmay' pek<br />

du\lùnmüyordum. çunku bu parllmn, Oogu ve<br />

Guneydogu halk,"a be",m anlad,g,m anlamda<br />

blr yak~lm .lÇln<strong>de</strong> olaeaglna pek ,hl,mal verm,yordum.<br />

Ancak. Mardin'<strong>de</strong>k, butun SHP'h<br />

'!çe ba\lkanlan be",m aday olmam, ,sted,1er<br />

ve Ankara'ya geld<strong>de</strong>r. Bunlar. SHP Genel<br />

Merkez,'ne yaz,h. blr ba\lvuru yapldar ve ~ed,:<br />

\er k,. ~MKVK Uyesl Edip Servel Devnmcl<br />

ft. Mardin Millelveklll Kenan Nehrozo"lu.<br />

ha. laralmdan sevllmeyen ve. islenmayen<br />

, kl,Herdlr. Bunlan Mardln'<strong>de</strong>n aday göslerirsenlz,<br />

SHP, IIImiz<strong>de</strong> barall bile a,.maz.<br />

Bun .... Msleye koymaYlnlz" ...<br />

n ilÇe b.,kanlannt siz mi k"k .. lhntz bu<br />

~ konuda?<br />

Hay.. elendim. bütun olup Men 1er be",m d,-<br />

,'mda cereyan elml\ltlt.<br />

,ey yapar da sonradan onurumla oynersanlZ,<br />

biz Güneydogulular biraz slcakkanh.<br />

Ylzd... Yanl lepklmiz biraz seri olur. Hem<br />

ke~cIImlze, hem <strong>de</strong> partimize zarar verebillriz<br />

...<br />

(J Ne <strong>de</strong>di size Erdal Bey?<br />

Bu konuyu, part,",n yon<strong>et</strong>,m kurulunun b,lecegi",<br />

söyledl<br />

(J. Yanl size "Aday olun" <strong>de</strong>di mi?<br />

Haylt'efendlm. <strong>de</strong>med!. "Ne, olun <strong>de</strong>rim, ne<br />

<strong>de</strong>, oImaYIn <strong>de</strong>r1m" <strong>de</strong>dI.. "Bu konu, yürülme<br />

kurulunun yelkisin<strong>de</strong>dir" <strong>de</strong>dI. Ben <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>d,m kl, "Elbe Ile yürülme kurulu bilir, ama<br />

o kuru/un ba,kan, sizsiniz. YürÜlme kurulu;<br />

herhal<strong>de</strong> labandan ve. örgüllen gelen sesl<br />

cllnler"." TabII. Erdal Inönü'nun bu sozlen.<br />

be",m kafamda bltaz kU\lku yarall' Hatta bu<br />

durumu ,Içe baskanlanm,za da soyled.m ...<br />

"Ben. bù Erdal Bey'<strong>de</strong>n pek umullu <strong>de</strong>Oilim.<br />

Sankl blr önyargl içerisin<strong>de</strong> kalaslna yerle,.<br />

ml, baz, Islmler var" <strong>de</strong>d,m B.z,m baskanlar<br />

da bana <strong>de</strong>d,ler kl, "Bizim hepimizl çag..dllar.<br />

Blzimle görü~ecekler ve örgülün isleklerl<br />

dogrullusunda lisle yapacaklar. Onun<br />

lçln, adayh"lnt mulla ka koy. Biz, senin lis.<br />

leye glrmen lçln ,srar e<strong>de</strong>cegiz" ... Ve ben.<br />

böyleee SHP'<strong>de</strong>n aday aday' oldum Emin<br />

Bey ... Bundan sonra bulù." Mardlnli SHP'hler<br />

ve orgul adamlan. Erdal Inönü'ye g,d,p <strong>de</strong>d,-<br />

1er k., "Bu Iislenln Ilk Ikl s""lnda Nurellin<br />

Yllmaz ve Ahmel Türk olmaua, SHP ba,arlya<br />

ula'amaz ..... Aneak Erdal Bey. kendlSlne<br />

gelen Mardin heyeline be",mle ,Ig,II baz' kus'<br />

kula" oldu\')unu 'ma' e<strong>de</strong>n sorular lalan sor.<br />

mus. Yan,. bem ,stemed'g,ne dalt. kU\lku yaratan<br />

baz, sorular Bunun uzer,ne ben. arkadaslanma<br />

<strong>de</strong>d,m kl. "H!!ydi, Ahmel Türk ce-<br />

75


DEVAM<br />

•<br />

76<br />

zaevin<strong>de</strong> oldugu lçln onu Islemlyor. Ama<br />

beni <strong>de</strong> lisleye almayaeak. Ben adayhOlm.<br />

baglmSiz olarak koyaeag.m" ... Arkada\ilar<br />

bunu kabul <strong>et</strong>mediler ve SHP'<strong>de</strong>n aday adayt<br />

olmamt istediler. Ben <strong>de</strong> partiye ba\ivurdum<br />

ve beni listeye almad,lar'beyefendi ..<br />

Say.n VIImaz, SHP sizi Iisteye koy •.<br />

madl ve aday olmanlZ. kabul <strong>et</strong>medl.<br />

Peki sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat blr insan olarak<br />

ANAP'lan nasll aday oldunuz daha<br />

sonra? Yanl siz. tam terslni söylüyor.<br />

sunuz, ama Içinlz<strong>de</strong> mutlaka mlll<strong>et</strong>ve.<br />

kili olma hlrsl: oldugu anla\ilhyor ...<br />

Sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat blr Insan Için, ANAP<br />

.nere<strong>de</strong>n çlkll?<br />

Haa! Bak,n nere<strong>de</strong>n ç,ktl... Ben ANAP', niçin<br />

seçtim? SHP beni d'\ilad, m.? O'\ilad,... Art,k<br />

benim ba~.mslz aelay olmam mümkün <strong>de</strong>~itdi.<br />

çünkû sûre'yi. kaçlrm'\itÎm. Benim SHP'ye<br />

adayh~'mtn özelli~i. bir i<strong>de</strong>olojinin sonueudur:<br />

LJ Nedir 0 !<strong>de</strong>olO!!?<br />

SosYlll <strong>de</strong>mokral olmak... Ben baki.m ki<br />

Sl-IP'nin sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrath~1 sa<strong>de</strong>ee lafta kalmaktadtr.<br />

Ashnda ben. bunlann beni listeye<br />

almayaea~lm daha önee <strong>de</strong> duyuyordum. Erol<br />

Agagll diyor ki, "Bunlar Kürl ve komü.<br />

nlslllr" ••. Aydm Güven Gürkan b~nim hsteye<br />

ahnmam için Israr, edivor. Erdal Inönü diyor<br />

lu, ~Blz bunu IIsleve koyamaYlt" ... Buntann<br />

\iovenli~i böyleee ortaya çtkmt\i oldu. Beni listeye<br />

kovmayaeaklanm ben daha önee<strong>de</strong>n<br />

duymaya ba\ilaml\it,m. Ben .bu durumu aç,kh~a<br />

kavu\iturmak için. Erdallnönü'ye belki on<br />

<strong>de</strong>la teleIon <strong>et</strong>tim. Ama telelona hep sekr<strong>et</strong>en<br />

çlklyor. Erdal BIlY benimle konu\imuyor. Me-<br />

(jer. benim geçmi\ite geçirdi~im soru\iturmalann,<br />

ileri<strong>de</strong> kendlleri için kambur yarataea~lm<br />

dÜ\iünüp çekin'yorlarm'\i. Hatta kendisine telgraf<br />

da çektlm, ama bir daha benimle konu\imadl.<br />

n Ben burada, size daha önee<strong>de</strong>n duy-<br />

I...--l dugum bir söylenliyi aklaraYlm ...<br />

Bundan bir süre önee belki Turgul<br />

Özal'la, belki <strong>de</strong> bazI üst düzey<strong>de</strong><br />

ANAP'hlarla konu\imu\isunuz. Onlar<br />

size <strong>de</strong>mi\iler ki, "Bize 0 yöre<strong>de</strong>,<br />

PKK olaYlna kar\il sözü geçeeek güç.<br />

lü adamlar laz.m ... Gelin bizimle çah-<br />

\im ..... Dogru mu bu?<br />

Kes,nlikle yalan.. Ne dolayh ne dolayslz. böyle<br />

blf konu\ima olmadl. Bu iddla. son <strong>de</strong>reee<br />

çlfk,n bir ,thamd,r. Kas.th blf yaYlnd,r. Bunu<br />

s,d<strong>de</strong>lle red<strong>de</strong>d'yorum<br />

SaYln Yllmaz, ANAP liberal bir parti ...<br />

Siz sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokratsl",z. Bu yaplda<br />

bir i!,sllnlO, liberal bir parti<strong>de</strong> ne i\il<br />

olabllir? Bunu bona Iyi anlat.n lütfen<br />

... Vani iIIe <strong>de</strong> millelvekili olaYlm<br />

da, nere<strong>de</strong>n olursa olsun mu diye<br />

dÜ\iünüyorsunuz?<br />

Say,n Çöla\ian. ben zaten 1n,IIelvek,Ii olmay,<br />

•sllyorum. Halk,m'z,n korkusuzea yaSama ozgurlügune<br />

sah,p olmas,. ,nsanea yasamas, ve<br />

gereklig. zaman kendisini savunmas, gerekIf.<br />

Bunlan gerçeklestlfmek içtn milleivekll, 01-<br />

mam,. kend, halk,m ist.yor.<br />

n Çok 'gü~el <strong>de</strong>, bunlan ANAP'ta ";.'<br />

lœJ saglayaeaksmtz? .<br />

Beyelend •. kendislni kamuoyuna sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat<br />

olarak gösleren SHP'n'n öyle olmad.-<br />

g. ve soven duygular la\i,d'g. anla\i,ld •. Beni<br />

velo <strong>et</strong>liler ve SHP'<strong>de</strong>n d'slad,lar. $Imdi<br />

ANAP'la sagelSl, soleusu, MSP'lisi, MHP'hsi,<br />

hepsi var. Blzzat Özal, partisin<strong>de</strong> soleulann<br />

da oldugunu söylüvor ve bundan çekinmedigini<br />

aç,khyor. Ben. art,k ANAP'ta yer almakta<br />

sak,nea görmem. Halta bu noktada ANAP',<br />

SHP'<strong>de</strong>n daha <strong>de</strong>mokrat görürüm.<br />

n Bütün bu görü\ilere. SHP slzl' v<strong>et</strong>o'<br />

I.-! edinee mi sahlp oldunuz? SHP'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

adayhgtntz kabul edilseydl, ylne böyle<br />

konu\iabileeek mlydlnlz?<br />

Say,n Çöla~an. ben 19n y.hnda CHP'<strong>de</strong> Eeevil<br />

in kap's,", çaldlm. Kap'y. açll, ama beni<br />

görünee yüzüme kapad,. Beni almadt ve v<strong>et</strong>o<br />

alti. Aradan' on y,l geçti ve sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokratligindan<br />

hiç kimsenin kU\ikusu olmayan Nur<strong>et</strong>.<br />

lin Ydmaz, bu kez SHP'nin kaptSln' çald,. Bu<br />

kez d~ sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat oldu~unu söyleyen<br />

Erdal Inönü beni gör~nee kaptyl kapad •. Oemek<br />

ki SHP <strong>de</strong> sosyal, <strong>de</strong>mokrat görû\ilü<br />

Oogu kökenlilere kap,s'nI kapatml\it" ... Ama 0<br />

kap'y' bana ANAP aç'yor. Benim görü\iüme<br />

göre ANAP. SHP'<strong>de</strong>n biraz daha .hmh, biraz<br />

daha <strong>de</strong>mokralt".<br />

n Pekl,' bu a\ia';'ad~' slz ml ANAP's<br />

I.-! ba\ivurdunuz aday olmak lçln, yokaa<br />

onlar ml slze teklllle bulundular? .<br />

Onlar benimle temasa geçtiler efendim:<br />

LJ Kim slzlnle lemas kurdu?<br />

Sizin gibi b" dost diyalim ismini vermeyeee~im...<br />

.<br />

n Niçln vermlyorsunuz aismi? Nlçln<br />

I.-! sakhyorsunuz? .<br />

Emin Bey. biz,m herkési <strong>de</strong>\iifre <strong>et</strong>memize<br />

gerek yoktur ... $unu da size bilmeniz için söyleyeyim<br />

ki. benim ANAP'a geçi\iim. ne idolojik<br />

bir olayd", ne <strong>de</strong> Oogu'daki. olaylan engellemek<br />

faland". Zaten bunu yapmaya benim<br />

ne güeüm, ne y<strong>et</strong>kim, ne <strong>de</strong> hakklm vardlr.<br />

Bunlar, hastmlanmtn ortaya att'g' iftiralard".<br />

Ev<strong>et</strong> elendim, sonuçta ANAP'lan 1<br />

Kaslm seçlmlerl lçln aday oldunuz.<br />

A.neak Yüksek Seçim Kurulu, "Bir<br />

k.mse, ayn. se~im<strong>de</strong> Ikl aYfi portl<strong>de</strong>n<br />

aday olamaz' gerekçesiyle, slzin<br />

ANAP adayhg.ntz. redd<strong>et</strong>ll. Böylece<br />

Iyl blr maeera ya~adlntz ve birl SHP'<br />

<strong>de</strong>n, dlgerl YSK'<strong>de</strong>n olmak üzere Ikl<br />

v<strong>et</strong>o yediniz. ~Imdl 1 Kaslin seçlmlerl<br />

erlelendl. Bu durumda önünüze yenl<br />

blr I.r.s~1 ç,klyor. Aeaba ANAP yerlne,<br />

MardIn <strong>de</strong>n bag.mslz aday olmaYI dU.<br />

~ünüyor musunuz? .. Çünkü ~Imdl her<br />

\iey yeni<strong>de</strong>n ba~layaeak ...<br />

Efendim. Özal en güç durumda bana millelvekilligi<br />

kap's,", açtl. Onun iyi' niy<strong>et</strong>ini istismar<br />

ed;p <strong>de</strong> yeni<strong>de</strong>n ba~,ms'z aday olursam. halk,m,n<br />

üzerin<strong>de</strong> olumsuz <strong>et</strong>ki yapabilir. Onun<br />

lçin Özal'tn 'yi niy<strong>et</strong>i"' VB halk,m," duygulaflnl<br />

d,kkate alarak. ba~,ms,zli~, \iimd,lik dU\iünmuyorum<br />

ANAP aday, olaeag'm.<br />

LJ Çok gUzell ..<br />

Burada. Turk kamuoyu önün<strong>de</strong> aç,kça soylüyorum<br />

ki, geçmi\iteki Nurellin Y,'maz, ayn,<br />

sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat ilkelerini 'bugün <strong>de</strong> ta\i'maktad".<br />

Benim sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokratlig'mdan h'çbtr<br />

\ie~i1<strong>de</strong>ödün vermem söz konusu olmayaeak<br />

.fi Belkl lIerldè ANAP'I da sosyal <strong>de</strong>-<br />

I.-! mokral bir parll yapabllirslnlz. Böyle<br />

blr çabamz aeaba olaeak ml?<br />

Elendim. mesela bu hafta Nokta Oergis,'n<strong>de</strong><br />

Vedat Dalokay ile bir söyle\i' vardl. B" <strong>de</strong><br />

bakm'~s'n ki.,Vedat Dalokay. bir hafta on gun<br />

sonra .ANAP a geçmi\i. Oemek ki ANAP kai,<br />

bir sa~ i<strong>de</strong>'olojiye sahip <strong>de</strong>gild" ve her e~ilim<strong>de</strong>n<br />

,nsan,n kend; bünyesin<strong>de</strong> olmas,ndan rahats,z<br />

<strong>de</strong>gild". Geçenler<strong>de</strong> Cem Karaea'n,n<br />

konseri vardl. Adam b" saalten fazla Naz,m<br />

Hikm<strong>et</strong>'in \iiirleri", okudu. Özat da onu alk,sladl.<br />

n P~k.~fU~.u .soraeag,,!,,,,, ANAP'ta bir<br />

I.-! suru ulkueü ve MHP Ii var. Bunu siz<br />

<strong>de</strong> oz önee söylediniz. Aeaba onlarla<br />

aynt parti içerlsln<strong>de</strong> olmaklan rahatslzhk<br />

duymayaeak mtslntz?<br />

Ben, 0 ü1küeülerl ve MHP'I;leri bilm'yorum .<br />

.fi Hoa, <strong>de</strong>mek ki bllmiyorsunuz!.. Onlar-<br />

I.-! la ayn. çall all,"da olmaklan rahals.z-<br />

Irk duymayaeak m.slntz?<br />

Elendim, onlar benim bulunmamdan rahats'z<br />

alsunlar. Ben niçin onlann bulunmas,"dan rahats.z<br />

olay,m ki? Ben Nur<strong>et</strong>tin Ydmn olarak<br />

halk.m,n sesini .ve sorunlann, dile g<strong>et</strong>irip anlara<br />

sah,p çlkab,liyorsam, m,lIelvekili olmam,"<br />

zarur<strong>et</strong>ine (gerekll olduguna) onun için inanm'\ilmd".<br />

Ben bunu yapaeag'm.<br />

n Yanl yanlntzda oturan ü1küeüler lalan<br />

I.-! slzl orada rahatslz <strong>et</strong>meyeeekler mi?<br />

Efendim, ben \iU anda kimin aday olaea~tn'.<br />

k,m,n m,lIelvekili seçileeegini bilemem. kl...<br />

Sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokratlar da olaeakllr. soleular da<br />

olaeakt". Ulküeüler ben<strong>de</strong>n rahatslz olsunlar'<br />

.fi S!zi anhyorum Nur<strong>et</strong>lln Bey Burada<br />

I.-! blf ,ey daha soraeaglm size Sosyal<br />

~~mokrat blr insan oldugunuzu söy.<br />

luyorsunuz. Diyelim kl, ANAP'lan mil.<br />

l<strong>et</strong>veklll seçlldinlz. Ç.kafllan blrtak.m<br />

yasalarla birtaklm adamlaron blr anda<br />

zengin edlldiginl göreeekslniz lonlar<br />

rezalelinl göreeeksiniz, hayall 'ihracal<br />

rezalelinl göreeeksiniz. Ne bileyim,<br />

ANAP bir geee<strong>de</strong> seçim- kanurîu ç'_<br />

kard. ve Anayasa Mahkemesi bunu<br />

Iplal elli. Aeaba bir sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat<br />

olarak, parlinizin bu gibi uygulamalaflna<br />

kar,. çlkablleeek mislniz? YOksa<br />

"Kaldlf parmagint" <strong>de</strong>yinee siz <strong>de</strong> digerlerlyle<br />

,birlikle olumlu oy mu vereeeksiniz?<br />

.<br />

Elendim. size <strong>de</strong>min<strong>de</strong>n ber; anlat'yorum ..<br />

1973 y,lindan ben ben,m f.k"lerim<strong>de</strong> hieb"<br />

<strong>de</strong>g'\iiklik olmamlst". .<br />

il Yanl partlnlzin bu gibi uygulamala-<br />

I..--l rona kar\il ç.kaeak mls.mz?<br />

Kend, 1,~"lerime. kendi i<strong>de</strong>oloj,me ve kend,<br />

siyasal görüsüme ters gelen Seylere elbelte k,<br />

tepk. göslereeeg.m.<br />

.Il Ama 0 zaman da partinizin için<strong>de</strong><br />

I..--l sorun yaratm'\i olursu.nuz ...<br />

Sorun yarahnm veya yaralmam Bemm Ilal.<br />

koma ters dÜ\ieeek b" durum gordugüm<strong>de</strong>.<br />

rahallikla islifa e<strong>de</strong>b,ltnm. Bakin. bu eok nSkl,<br />

bir olayd" ve her parlamenter bUl1U soyleyemez.<br />

Ben. halk,ma h'zmel elmek ve onlara<br />

yararll olmak içlO yola çlkml!? adam1m. Ben.<br />

mtllelvek,lltglne. çok arzulu oldugum 'ç,n g,rm.vorUrTl<br />

.Il Peki, ANAP'ta hO\ilanmad.gln.z, g,c.k<br />

I..--l kapllg,",z kimseler var ml?<br />

Elendim. s.ze söyluyorum ya.. Onlar ben<strong>de</strong>n<br />

g,e,k kaps.nlarl<br />

.Il Siz adayhk için basvurmadan önee<br />

I...-l herhal<strong>de</strong> SHP programm. okumus'<br />

lunuz ... Okudunuz mu?<br />

Okudum.<br />

il ANAP'm programml da okudunuz<br />

~ mu?<br />

Okumadlm henuz...<br />

.fi heri<strong>de</strong> in\iallah !lrsat bulup da okur.<br />

I.J santz ve yeni parlinlzin programonda<br />

sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat Nureltin Yilmaz'a<br />

çok ters gelen hususlar oldugunu<br />

görürseniz, ne yapars,",z? 0 programda<br />

size çok ters gelen \ieyler alabillr...<br />

Mesela ne olab,lir?<br />

.fi Onu ben bllemem beyelendi... O. si-<br />

I..--l zin takdirinlze kalml\i!.. .<br />

ANAP, siyasl bir Iiberalizm uyguluyor. Bir<br />

sentez gehriyor. MHP'hs' <strong>de</strong>. MSP'l,s' <strong>de</strong> olabilir,<br />

hüman,sti <strong>de</strong> olabilir.<br />

.fi ANAP ekonomik Iiberalizm <strong>de</strong> uygu •<br />

I..--l luyor. Ona kar,1 <strong>de</strong>gll mlsiniz blr sos.<br />

yal <strong>de</strong>mokral olarak?<br />

Efendim, SHP'nin <strong>de</strong> \ieylenni g~üyoruz<br />

yani... Mesela geçenler<strong>de</strong> Vedal DSfokay dlvor<br />

kl, "ANAP sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokral partllerin<br />

bile gellremedlgl çok güzal ,eylerl g<strong>et</strong>irml\i'<br />

tir".;. Ornegin bir Fak Fuk \ieyini' g<strong>et</strong>iriyor.<br />

Bak.n yani, bunu ANAP', savunmak için söylemiYOrum...<br />

Baz, uygulamalara bak'yorsunuz.<br />

btr soleu partlnln bile tlerisin<strong>de</strong> \ieyler ...<br />

.fi Yani klsaeas., ANAP'. seviyorsunuz<br />

~ Nur<strong>et</strong>l~n Bey..<br />

Hay" .., Bak'nlz. baz, uygulamalanm tasvip<br />

ediyorum.<br />

.fi Geçml\ite hlç ANAP aleyhine konu\i-<br />

I..--l malann.z olmu, muydu?<br />

Olmu\itu!<br />

.fi Pekl, yo siz ANAP,millelvekiii olduk.<br />

I.J tan sonra, 0 konu\imalarlnlzl yüzü"<br />

nüze çarparlarsa?<br />

Çarparlarsa. onlann sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokral olmadlklarl",<br />

-söylerlm ...<br />

hglnç bir maniok... SaYln Nurellin YIImaz,<br />

slzlnle Kürtçülük olay.m ve PKK<br />

konusunu da konu\imak Isterdim. Aneak,<br />

size bunlarla IIgill soru sormama<br />

Izin vermedinlz. Ben <strong>de</strong> isleginize<br />

sayg. duyarak sormadlm. 0 konular.<br />

daki görü,lerinizi, bana .. yazmamak<br />

,arloyla anlatllmz ... Ev<strong>et</strong> elend1m, slz<br />

sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrat görü~lü blr Insan 01-<br />

dugunuzu söylüyorsunuz ve bir 'sag<br />

portl<strong>de</strong>n aday oluyorsunuz. Eskl<strong>de</strong>n<br />

oise, TUrklye <strong>de</strong> böyle ~eyler büyük<br />

tepkl'görürdU ... ÇUnkU herkes, yerlnl<br />

blllrdi. Ama ,Imdl blr bak.yorsunuz<br />

kl, herkesln slyasal ve ekonomlk Çl'<br />

ksrlan ön planda ... Insanlann çlkarlor.,<br />

onlann dU,üncelerlnl, Inençlanm<br />

ve görU,lerlnl 0 kadar perl<strong>de</strong> btraktl<br />

kl... GUnUmüz Türklyesl n<strong>de</strong> ne yaz.k<br />

kl çoQunluk böyle oldu. Herkesln <strong>de</strong>,<br />

kendlne göre blr gerekçesl varl..<br />

Ame, Ilze ay'p <strong>et</strong>llklerl da blr ger.<br />

çak ... Size bu konu~ma lçln çok te.<br />

,ekkUr edlyorum ve yenl parllnlz<strong>de</strong><br />

ba~arllar dlllyorum,


•<br />

19.10.87<br />

Ömür biter,. yol bitmez<br />

ESKiDENbu sözü, uzun yol seferlerine çlkan kamyonlann<br />

tamponlanna yazarlardl.<br />

Saatleree hatta günleree direksiyon sallayan l?oförlerin<br />

ruh hal<strong>et</strong>lerini aks<strong>et</strong>tiren bir <strong>de</strong>yi~ti bu. Bir baklm~<br />

"aeeie elme, tedbirsiz araba sürme, yolu bitireeegirll<br />

zann<strong>et</strong>me; ömür biter, yol bitmez" anlamtna gelirdi<br />

$imdi aynt sözü, herhal<strong>de</strong> ~ehir için<strong>de</strong> sefer yapan araçlann<br />

arkaslna yazmak lazlm.<br />

Be~ kilom<strong>et</strong>relik yolu birbuçuk saatte ahnca, insana<br />

hakikaten yol bitmeyeçekmi~ hissi geliyor. Tabii bu sefeç<br />

sebep, yolun uzunlugu <strong>de</strong>gil, traligin tlkanlkllgl. Bu, ekonomi<strong>de</strong><br />

müthi~ bir "israf" olaYldlr. Gelin sizinle basit bir<br />

hesap yapallm.<br />

SU be~ milyonluk istanbul ~ehrin<strong>de</strong>, her gün en az<br />

üçbuçuk milyon insan sokaga çlklp bir yerlere gidil1<br />

g~liyor. Bu i~ için, adam ba~lna ortalama bin lira sarfedilse,<br />

~ehiriçi yoleu ta~lmaelllgtnda gün<strong>de</strong> üçbuçuk milyar<br />

lira hareama var <strong>de</strong>mektir. Bunu da, sene <strong>de</strong> üç yyz gün<br />

ile çarparsak, bir trilyon lira e<strong>de</strong>r. Türkiye'nin l1)ilhgeliri,<br />

takriben elli trilyon liradir. Yani, Türkiye nin milh gelirinin<br />

elli<strong>de</strong> biri sa<strong>de</strong>ee Istanbul'un ~ehiriçi yoleu ta~lmaelhglnda<br />

sarl olunmaktadlr.<br />

Aeaba, bu i~i daha "verlmli" bir ~ekil<strong>de</strong> yapamal<br />

mlYIz? Mesela, bu ta~lma sistemine yüz<strong>de</strong> onluk veyô<br />

yüz<strong>de</strong> be~lik bir randiman artl~1 g<strong>et</strong>irilemez mi? .<br />

Yüz<strong>de</strong> be~ randiman artl~1olsa, tasarrul edileeek milh<br />

gelir Yllda elli milyar liradir. Yüz<strong>de</strong> on olsa, yüz milyar<br />

e<strong>de</strong>r. Öyle ise, bu i~e ne kadar kala patlat~ak <strong>de</strong>ger.<br />

SEViMLi Belediye Ba~kanlmlz Dalan, bu konuyu en'<br />

çok dü~ünenler<strong>de</strong>n biri. Aneak Dalan'm dü~ünee sistemind~,<br />

"iylle,tirme", "verimlllik artlrma", "tasarru'"<br />

gibi kavramlar herhal<strong>de</strong> ver almlyor. Kendisi, konulan<br />

yatlnm yaparak çözme tarattan. Istanbul'un trafik sorunu<br />

ne zaman gün<strong>de</strong>me gelse, Dalan, trilyonluk porjeler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bahsediyor. $üphe yok ki, Istanbul gibi bir ~ehrin tralik<br />

sorunlannl çözmek için belli miktarda yatlnm yapmak<br />

lazlmdlr.<br />

Yenl yollar, yeni köprüler, alt-üst geçitler, tüneller, i~<br />

merkezlerinin ver <strong>de</strong>gi~tirmeleri, yapllmasl gerekeri i~ler<br />

arastndadlr.<br />

Aneak, bir yön<strong>et</strong>ieiyi bekleyen en önemli görev, yeni<br />

yatlnm yapmadan önee mevcut yatlnmlardan en yüksek<br />

randlmant aimaktir.<br />

Dört ~eritli bir yolun eger iki ~eridi park edilmi~ araçlar<br />

taraltndan i~gal ediliyorsa, "Bu yol y<strong>et</strong>miyor, yenl blr<br />

yol daha yapallm <strong>de</strong>mek", israftan öteye, günahtlr.<br />

•I<br />

STANBUL~ehiriçi yoleu ta~lmaelhgl, ~ehv<strong>et</strong> mertebesin<strong>de</strong><br />

otomobil sevdaslna dü~mü~ ~Imank, küstah ve bencil<br />

araba sahipleri tarallndan pen~an hale sokulmu~tur.<br />

Bu araba ~ehv<strong>et</strong>ine tutulmu~ sayglslz ki:?iler, mümkünse<br />

iki adlm bile yürümek istememektedirler. Kaldlnmlan, yol-<br />

Ian hayâslzea i~gal edip otobüslerin için<strong>de</strong> bahk isti'i gibi<br />

gi<strong>de</strong>n yüzbinleree insantn hakklnt gasp <strong>et</strong>mektedirler.<br />

$urasl kesinlikle bilinmelidir ki, SaYln Dalan ve arkada~lan,<br />

<strong>de</strong>gil bir, iki trilyonluk, yüz trilyonluk yatlnm yapsalar,<br />

bu araba sevdahlanyla sava~a girmedikçe, hiçbir<br />

~eyi halle<strong>de</strong>mezler.<br />

"Otopark Isterlz!", "Geni, yollar Isteriz!", "Venl<br />

köprüler Isleriz!", "Tüp geçiller isterizl" çlghklanyla ulusai<br />

kaynaklann yanhl? tahsisine sebebiy<strong>et</strong> verenler <strong>de</strong><br />

~unu bilmelidirler ki, arabalanndan inip toplu tal?lt araçlanna<br />

binmedikçe, iki elleriyle sanldlklan direksiyon simitleri<br />

arkastnda, trafik girdablnda slkl~mll? arabalanmn için<strong>de</strong><br />

saatleree beklemekten, kendilerini kurtaramayaeal(lardlr.<br />

SON SOl: Araba hürriyeline, trafik esiredifmez.<br />

1<br />

77


24.10.87<br />

sURf- Siirt'in ~Irnak Hçesin<strong>de</strong><br />

bir süre önee 4 bölüeü<br />

çele mensubunu öldüren bir<br />

baba ile otluna S milyon lira<br />

ödül verildi.<br />

Siirl Valisi Seliml Teker,<br />

Çoban<strong>de</strong>re köyüne baskm<br />

dùzenleyen bir grup ~klyayla<br />

üç saale yakm bir süre sHâhh<br />

çal1smaya giren Abdurrahman<br />

Geneo Sanll He otlu AU<br />

Sanh'mn olayda )'Ikllan evlerinin<br />

<strong>de</strong> yaplmlaealml söyledi.<br />

Vall Teker, bir avuç ça.<br />

pulçu eSklyanm <strong>de</strong>vlel yanh-<br />

SI valandaslara karSI giriSli-<br />

Ii kalliâmlann hiçbir zaman<br />

eezaslz kalmayaealInI da<br />

kay<strong>de</strong>lli.<br />

" elklyaYI öldüren<br />

baba lilula 5 mllvon<br />

lira ödül verlldl<br />

Vali SeIami Teker, Çoban<strong>de</strong>re<br />

köylOlerine üerelsiz ki.<br />

lim dokuma lezgâhlan gOn.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rHecelini ve ür<strong>et</strong>ilen kilim.<br />

lerin Sümerbank larafmdan<br />

satmahnaealml kay<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rek<br />

sOyle konustu:<br />

"Köy<strong>de</strong> Isdhelam lmkim<br />

)1lratmak Için her türtü ,......<br />

nu )1lpaca&Jz. VataDdaflann<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e olan aüvenlnl sars.<br />

mak Isteyen blr avuç çapulçu<br />

qkl)1l, yedlll pmarla neye<br />

ulradllIDI P$lnh."<br />

Bölüeü esklyaya karSI ver.<br />

dili mOea<strong>de</strong>ie dolaYlslyla Va-<br />

Ii Teker'<strong>de</strong>n ödül alan Abdurrahman<br />

Genco SI1nb, qkJyamn<br />

kendi köylerine <strong>de</strong>falarea<br />

haber gOn<strong>de</strong>rdilini ve<br />

silâhlanm buakmalanm iSledilini<br />

belirlti.<br />

Abdurrahman Genco San-<br />

Il, qklyamn kOylerine adlm<br />

atmasma müsaa<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>meyeeeklerini<br />

belirterek SOyie<br />

konustu:<br />

"10 ad<strong>et</strong> G-J Ile bol miktarda<br />

müblmmata Ibtlyacl-<br />

1DJZ var. SUiblmlZ olduktan<br />

lOara blçblr qklya köyümü-<br />

Ile lIremez. Ne pabUina<br />

oIuna oIIu. <strong>de</strong>Yl<strong>et</strong>imbe oIan<br />

ba&JWlmllza kimse gölge dü-<br />

Süremez."<br />

DAI •• V•• ILDI<br />

Hakkâri'<strong>de</strong> geçen ay bölueü<br />

teröristler larafmdan öldürülen<br />

PTT dis sebeke leknisyeni<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> Oüzel<strong>de</strong>re~<br />

nin ailesine Van'da bir apartman<br />

dairesi verildi. PTT Böige<br />

MOdOrlOIO tarafmdan ab.<br />

nan 17 milyon lira <strong>de</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

daireye yerlqlirilen OUzel<strong>de</strong>re'nin<br />

ailesi için aynea 10<br />

milyon lira para toplandl.<br />

Yardlm kampanyasmm Kasim<br />

aYI sonuna kadar <strong>de</strong>vam<br />

e<strong>de</strong>eeli açlklandl. (AA)<br />

•<br />

~ 24.10.87<br />

Mu,'ta 3 elklva<br />

,akalandl .<br />

tNGÖL- Mufta güvenlik operasyonu sonueu, Abdul-<br />

yapllan ope- lah Ekin, FadJl Balkaya ve<br />

Bkuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinee<br />

rasyonda, üç esklya silâhla- Abba~ Yalçla adh 3 esklya,<br />

nyla birlikie yakalandJ. ,Mus'un Kârabey kOyOn<strong>de</strong> bir<br />

Bingö( Valisi Güner Jr- ev<strong>de</strong> yakalandl. Operasyonbay'dan<br />

ahnan bilgiye gOre. da, esklyaya ait bir olomatik<br />

Bingöl He MuS emniyel ve silâh ve 80 mermi <strong>de</strong> eie gejandarma<br />

timl<strong>et</strong>inin ortak çiri ...&Î,<br />

idamelli/<strong>et</strong><br />

Serac<strong>et</strong>tin MÜFTÜOCLU 'Aramzda savel, kaymj{kam,<br />

N<br />

USAYBIN (M rdin) (hha) _ hâkim var ml?', di~ sonlula,::<br />

• a _' .. 'ilaha sonra klQilik kontrol",<br />

Pazar gunu adandlg' sIrada. boo yaparak. &ÖyWiklerimizili<br />

11Ie~ org"t mdilanlarmea oldu,,!l- dog", oIup olmadlttm ara!jdugu<br />

aç,kl,anan polls memu~ ~ t1nblar, Salih Ta~emir'in<br />

Ta~emU' III teronstler~e agaea!t lis oIdugunu ägreninoe<br />

haglanarak ]dam eddd'g' bdd",ldl, po ma --'-la Ö" •<br />

G . Mid - E' araml n ayUUl r, nu-<br />

. o:e,\' \apllg] yat .mmyel müz<strong>de</strong> agaca ip baglayarak<br />

.\mIrlIg] n<strong>de</strong>n hafta sonu tauhm ge. idam <strong>et</strong>tiler. Teroristler bu<br />

çlnnek IIzere 9 arkada'iJ <strong>de</strong> ava çlkan arada 'Sizin yammzda polis<br />

\(' terotl'ller taraf]nd~n, katl~llen mernu.:u o\S1m da olaeakt,'<br />

poh,., mt'muru Ta~e~llIr le Ilg~h,so. diye sordular."<br />

ru~lurmaya, Nusayblll Savelhg. nea Sa k' k'" .. ,<br />

<strong>de</strong>\'am edillyor. Olaym gorgü tamk. .' velh y<strong>et</strong> Ihlen. olay )t-<br />

I Bit.. H I r Bilg nn<strong>de</strong> ,ap,lan olops.<strong>de</strong>, pohs<br />

~~ UI~ çoz. a e e. memurU Ta~emir'jn bO\'nun-<br />

Ni,;~r;:ttin Aku, Kadri Ya- dan aSI~arak. olduruldugunun<br />

VUZ, Naif' Ünvar, M.Salih anla~lld'~I~.' bddmll. Bu arad~<br />

Bodur. Hüseyin DoIa~r Ile Ta!j<strong>de</strong>mU' m cena,;"S1. SIvaS<br />

M.Salih Aear, Nusaybin'e III Gemerek .lIçes, n<strong>de</strong> )akm.<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irilerek sa\'clilkla ira<strong>de</strong>ler;ne !anmn k.alddlgl sa<strong>de</strong> bIr toren<br />

ba~\'uruldu Ola\ m tamklan. It. lopraga \'enld,<br />

sa\'clhga verdikleri ifa<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

!iUnlart a\llatldar<br />

"SilahlanmlZl alarak avlanmaya<br />

çlkrm~tIk. Avlana<br />

avlana. Nusaybin'e bag-II<br />

Üçköy'e yakl~ml~tIk. Ani<strong>de</strong>n<br />

<strong>et</strong>raflmlZl Kala~nikof<br />

tüfekli 8 k~i sardl. Bize.<br />

78<br />

Riärri'J<strong>et</strong> 29.10.87<br />

B61ucuvah$<strong>et</strong>inl gören<br />

avcllar anlaltl:<br />

l'po/is alkatlaflmlll<br />

•<br />

Teröruzmam<br />

24.10.87<br />

eIDDJy<strong>et</strong>çi<br />

RKADA~LARININ "Apo" d.dikler/ ~h AIdoOln,<br />

1967 yl/lfIdl Po/is AklcHImisi'ni bil"Ip .mnlyel<br />

A<br />

OrQi'lÜnd. komlser mUlvlni olarak QlJreve baslRdl.<br />

Kly .. ,t'd. 3 YII QÖf'v Y8P.n ~en. 2 y,1 AlmanYl'da<br />

anar,I, I8rör VI Irlflk kanu/aflnda '~/llm QlJrdu. Ankara<br />

Emniy<strong>et</strong> Müdürlü~ü'niJn çesi/ll kad.m./er/n<strong>de</strong> çailsa" AIdoOIIn.<br />

Trafik O.lresi SaskanilQI QIJr.v/n. Q.tiflldl. Havadan<br />

h.llkopterl. Iraflk <strong>de</strong>n.llm/n/ ba,latan AIdoOIIn. 1985<br />

ylilOcHI .mn/y"In .n Ot!.m/i an/leler/nd.n bir/ olan "GDvenf/J!Dal"""n;n<br />

b.,kanilQma Q.lfr/idl, ~an, bu dön.m<strong>de</strong><br />

AmwI/la' da l.rlJr oIeY/'fly/a //gill eQ/lfm gOrdiJ. Giivenllk<br />

Oa"esi bünyesind. "Y,ko F.eI/yefIer $ube.J" bulunduQu<br />

Içln, aym zlIm.nda bu ,ubi d. kandlS/n. ba~ilyd,.<br />

, .,: Y;~kICIF.. //y,lIer ~vbesrn/n "TerfHI. MOcMJeIe Oll-<br />

.riel''". -dlJnü,türüfmesf' ça/lfm./armdl bulundU, T.ror Oa/.<br />

res!'n;n I/k Sa,kam T_ Merk;. bu QOrev<strong>de</strong> bir yll<br />

ka/dl. Anar,; v. I.rar konu/ar!nd;a ihllsas sahibi olan AI.<br />

~n. Merlç't.n bOSlllan Q


•<br />

Emia<br />

PA.ZAItCI<br />

ANKARA, ('&n:ömau)-<br />

~k1yanm Dotu ve GOneydolu<br />

Anadolu bölgelerimiz<strong>de</strong>,<br />

kadm çocuk <strong>de</strong>me<strong>de</strong>n masum<br />

insanlan katl<strong>et</strong>mesinin<br />

Avrupa'run tepkisine yolaçmasl<br />

bölOeUleri birbirlerine<br />

dOJOrdO.<br />

12 EylOl 1980 sonrasl<br />

PKK'dan aynJarak "Partiye<br />

~ak Karlœrea KünlIstaa"<br />

(PPKK) adl altlnda te$kilâtlanan<br />

Moskova yarJ\sl bölUctller,<br />

Pl


•<br />

Tercfunan 29.10.87<br />

COU 'LU GERSTER:<br />

HalDburg'dakl clnaYld<br />

Pli 'III dl<br />

o<br />

• CDU'lu Gerster, aliln uçtaki bütün yabanci ku- ,<br />

rulu~larin faaliy<strong>et</strong>inin yasaklanmaSIOI istedi .<br />

BONN (Tercoman}Hristi-' olarak Hamburg'cIa SOin \ ,,, E A.. ydm.<br />

'yan Demokratve Sosyal solcu tOrkler araslnda Ç1- ..<br />

0;<br />

Birlik Partisi CDUlCSU l'"e- kan 98bljmada bir kil)inln öl- . "'karo. genit Çaptà blr sOru~<br />

<strong>de</strong>ral MeelisGrubu ve lç~- dOOunOve el<strong>de</strong>kl kanttllJ"n " turma açt~,"1 bildiren sOzlen<br />

Komisyonu SözcusO da cinay<strong>et</strong>in MKOrdlstan~I cO,0 F~I HOkOm<strong>et</strong>ten<br />

JohannesGerster, Fe<strong>de</strong>ral PortIsi" olarak adlandlnlan <strong>de</strong>, Meclis Iç,leri Komlsyo-<br />

Almanya'mn, a~1Ouçlara Ortadoksz KomOnistterOr nu'nun Hktoplanbsmdaa$ln<br />

mensupyabancllar tara'lndan<br />

savq alam haline georganizasyonuPKKtara'lndan<br />

~lendïainl gOsterdi(lini<br />

yabanCllann durumu hak-<br />

klnda bilgl vermesiniistedi.<br />

tirilemeyeceOinlbelirterek, sOvtedi.pKf('mn Içte ve d~- ~In uçtakl bOtOnyollann.<br />

"Bunlara ka". yasal bOtOn ta bu tor pek çok ey!emegi- <strong>de</strong>nenlp,yasal bOlOntedbirtedblrlel1nalmmaSllI-istedi.<br />

ri~tiOinihatlliatan Gerster, IerinyasamageçirilmesigO-<br />

Son zarnanlardayaban- "KOrtTOl1dll1'nlnsaldmelVI NIIOnG sawnan Gerster<br />

Cllararaslndagi<strong>de</strong>rekartan ,Iddlt Iylemlerlnl c1ahataz- eyal<strong>et</strong>lere <strong>de</strong> çaOndabulusilahh<br />

çatl~malann end~e la g6z yumulamayacoOtnl" narak .'1ldd<strong>et</strong> Iyllmllrlne<br />

verici boyutlara ula~tlOlna açlkladl. Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Savclmn kanfCInyabaRCllann<strong>de</strong>rtlal<br />

dikkati çeken sOzcü, son bu yaz aylannda bunlara slnlrd"l edllmelel1nr'istedi.<br />

~ ~ 30.10.87<br />

• Eski bakanlardan, SHPDiyarbakir<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>vekili adaYI Recai isken<strong>de</strong>roglu,<br />

"Türklerle. Kürtier lç içe<br />

geçmistir" <strong>de</strong>di ve söyle <strong>de</strong>vam <strong>et</strong>ti:<br />

"seçilirsem Kürt sorURunuMeclis<br />

gün<strong>de</strong>mine g<strong>et</strong>irecegim"<br />

• isken<strong>de</strong>roglu, "Bugünkü l1üküm<strong>et</strong>,<br />

evrensellnsan haklanlçln<strong>de</strong><br />

ver alan her ulusun Özgürlükçü<br />

h~klan anJaYISIlçln<strong>de</strong> soruna çözum<br />

aramalIdir" seklln<strong>de</strong> konustu<br />

80<br />

Reea; Isken<strong>de</strong>roglu<br />

eEski bakan, SHP DiyarbakIr aday adaYIRecai isken<strong>de</strong>roglu'nun görü~ü:<br />

.. Kürt sorununu meclise g<strong>et</strong>irecegim~<br />

PKK'II da .<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in evladl<br />

• iFlönü döneminin Imar ve Iskàn Bakam Recai Isken<strong>de</strong>roglu,<br />

"Parlamentoya girersem ilk Islm<br />

Kürt sorununu gün<strong>de</strong>me g<strong>et</strong>lrmek olacak" <strong>de</strong>di<br />

• Kürt sorununUn TÜrklye sorur,lanmn aYrilmaz<br />

blr parçasl nltellgl taSldlglm savunan Isken<strong>de</strong>roglu,<br />

"Olaylara sosyo-slyasal,müsflk ve clddl<br />

yaklaSlmlarla çözüm bulunmall" seklln<strong>de</strong> kanustu<br />

I ~<br />

• Seyf<strong>et</strong>tln<br />

• DIYARBAKIR<br />

(Mil-HA)<br />

IEISKi bakanlardan, SHP DiyarbakIr<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>vekili aday<br />

aelaYI Real ilk<strong>et</strong>l<strong>de</strong>roilu,<br />

Kürt sorununa iki taralh çözüm yollanmo<br />

aranmaslD1D gerektigini belirterek,<br />

"Pariameltorl prenem<br />

• Jp. lirt IOIU ... pn<strong>de</strong>me<br />

",k oIIcakbr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

MiI-Ha'ya öz<strong>et</strong> bir <strong>de</strong>meç veren<br />

~t laöaä döneminin !mar ve iskân<br />

Bakam, SHP Diyarbakir miIl<strong>et</strong>veldli<br />

aday adaYl Recli<br />

isken<strong>de</strong>rogla, Güneydogu Anado- .<br />

lu Bölgesi'o<strong>de</strong>ki olaylarda öleo ve<br />

ö\tJüren ki$ilerio <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>yl<strong>et</strong>io eyll(ll<br />

ohluguou ira<strong>de</strong> e<strong>de</strong>rek, Kürt sorunuoa<br />

daba gerçekçi ve çagd~ dü-<br />

~üoce tarD ile yakl~lImaslm istedi.<br />

Reell iskeBcleroilu, Kürt soruou<br />

ile iIgili olarak, "Doiu Ye Gi-<br />

Berdoiu'dlki sosrO-11rlnl ye<br />

erlemsel olaylan cerçekç1, mi,fik<br />

OZGEZER<br />

n dddlrakllJlJnlartl çözüm buluamm<br />

&treldr. M1II<strong>et</strong>,ekili -teÇ1-<br />

liIlem, !aikimel ,e c1e,l<strong>et</strong> dize'<br />

Jia<strong>de</strong> oIsua, içte ve dlltl olsua, 11k<br />

KÖrenm bu IOruulan çözüm lra-<br />

JlII ;oeKirt lOIUauau diIe c<strong>et</strong>irmek<br />

oIacaktu" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

IKI TARAFLI YAKLA~IM<br />

Kürt sorununun Türkiye sorunlanodao<br />

ayn dÜ$üoü!emez bir par-<br />

~a olduguou ileri süreo Recai<br />

Iskea<strong>de</strong>roglu, Güneydogu'daki<br />

olaylarda öleoleri <strong>de</strong>yl<strong>et</strong>io eylltll'<br />

n olarak oiteledigi <strong>de</strong>mecio<strong>de</strong> $UO<br />

Ian sövledi:<br />

"PU'1IIar da.~u....<br />

dir. lid lllill<strong>et</strong> 0 <strong>de</strong>lii biJtJlrlae uralJllllftJr.<br />

PKK'D11 ö1dirdükJert<br />

dul<strong>et</strong>ia nlldldlr. Kirt IOruau,<br />

Tür\( soruau.dla lynlmlI bir bi-<br />

IÜ.D oIarak mütllu edi1meIidir. Ba-.<br />

al 16re, bu IOI1IIU dJUIi pla ..<br />

çekerek, Ikl tlralb YlkllJlmllrtl<br />

çöztm yoUafl araamabdir. Bupaki<br />

Jaikimel, eyreuel 1II1II Jalklanlçla<strong>de</strong><br />

.rer alai !aer ,lu"l<br />

öqiirläkçi Jaaklan.am au1aJlllIçln<strong>de</strong><br />

101"1" çözill UIDIahdlr. SoruauD<br />

çöziilliaüa temeUl<strong>de</strong><br />

Tirldre'<strong>de</strong> '*'" aI1uut bulu,";<br />

<strong>de</strong>mokru1ala !aar'" ceç1ri1memesl<br />

rltmlktldJr. Yani Tiiddre'cIe <strong>de</strong>-<br />

IIOkralik <strong>de</strong>,rtll 1ireda1 Il.tmlk<br />

ve oal UlrUli dÜzeDIe<br />

aerçekJqtinnek ~reldr."<br />

GAP'A "VANONI" MooeLi<br />

iskea<strong>de</strong>roilu, Güneydogu ~adolu<br />

Projesj'o<strong>de</strong> b~ya ~dabilmesi<br />

için Güney ltalya'da yillar<br />

öoce uygulaoao V laoul mo<strong>de</strong>D gibi<br />

özel bir kaikInma plammo uygulanmasl<br />

gerektigini belirterek, bu<br />

koouda da $uolan söyledi:<br />

"GAP'llÜratle,dirmek ayml<br />

Firat havzlSllullkl uypIlmalan,<br />

oaun süratle1ldirilmesiDe plralel<br />

old Diele Jal\'ZlSlldald rltuun-<br />

Ian da siratleadirmek ~rek1r. Bulua<br />

dIpada Gi,eyl!oiu'rl GAP'<br />

tu lJl1oIIrak Gùey IlIIJa'da dalla<br />

öate ur&ulluy ve hllYI'aID<br />

ka1laamllSllll sailaru profesiir VIaoni'aiu<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>liue beazer özel bir<br />

pllu ve kalklDml mo<strong>de</strong>lleri uygu.<br />

Ilamahdlr. "


&<br />

•<br />

30.10.87<br />

5 PKK'lIya idam istemi<br />

• Fclruk BAlIKÇ/<br />

• DiYARBAKIR. Mil-HA<br />

ARDIN. NU'dvbiu ve<br />

UOmerli yore\mue laahycl<br />

l!!!I gOlternd biri ustegmclI (,<br />

a,krri jehi: ,~,~~. blr ,ure ollee NIIlaybin'uc<br />

<strong>de</strong>miryotu koprusunc sa.<br />

botaj duzcnlcyclI IS PKK'hdan 5'i<br />

h,lkkmda olum !;fzaSI isteniyoL<br />

Mardin ve yoresindc yakalallan<br />

IS PKK'h hakklßua DGM Savelsl,<br />

h,wrlaul~ iudiallamClm<strong>de</strong>, "Kim<br />

Mustaf." diye allliall /ladi Alp-<br />

\oY'III1.Suleyman (clinkaya ilc bir.<br />

likte a,keri araca pUIUkuraiak bir<br />

ultegmtll ilc 2 CflII lehit edilmesi<br />

olaYlllJ kJflj:.:.:.: .........:.:...,Ji. SJ'.<br />

CI, ,alllklardall /ladi Alpsoy, mZj:<br />

ni ('mar, Saruban Akad, Nezir III<br />

ban vc Slileyman Ç<strong>et</strong>inkay.'mn<br />

cylcmleri ne<strong>de</strong>niyle olum eezasma<br />

çarptlCllmaslm iSledi.<br />

bit.<br />

Aynca, Mardin ve yorcsill<strong>de</strong><br />

PKK örgutune yardlm ve yatakhk<br />

yapan 13 samk hakklßda da 3-5 YII<br />

hapis cezasi istendi.<br />

M<br />

.Terciiman<br />

1 terörist<br />

Öldürüldü<br />

lOYAl, flcrtiamaa)- lrak~<br />

tan Balman'a p<strong>et</strong>rol ta$lyaD<br />

iki tanker, boWeU e~klya tarafmdan<br />

yaktlda. ~klya sofOrJeri bir<br />

daba p<strong>et</strong>rol ta$lmamaJanru sOy_<br />

leyerek rehdit eui. Mardin'in<br />

Gere~ ilçesin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> I terOrist 01-<br />

dUrUldO.<br />

Önceki gUn saat 10.00 Slralannda<br />

Midyat-GercU~ karayolu<br />

Yola~ kOyUyakmlannda lrak~<br />

tan Sfut';n Batman ilçesine p<strong>et</strong>rol<br />

ta$lyan iki tanker bir grup bo-<br />

30.10.87<br />

IUcüqklya tarafmdan durdurul-'<br />

du. ~för1eri araçlardan indiren<br />

w: biraraya topiayan qkJya iki<br />

tankerin p<strong>et</strong>rolüno yeJe boplrarak<br />

tanka-Ien tamamen alqe w:-<br />

rip yaktl.<br />

Ole yandan, Mardin Emniy<strong>et</strong><br />

MUdOrlUlll'nce .yap1lan operasyonlar<br />

sonucu PICK sempatizan-<br />

Ian oJduklan tesbit edilen Mablum<br />

Bada" ~~ K.ducaa,<br />

Abdülw:bap" KIId.c .. , - Huaa<br />

Kut1ucaa, All Ccylaa, Cem<br />

Aras, Nenat EIlk, tdma. IUDo,<br />

Abdurnbmaa Göfer, Abdullab<br />

Çnik w: AJua<strong>et</strong> 8e&a adb $lIIus-<br />

Jar yakalandl.<br />

~ 30.10.B7<br />

• Uyu~turucu satlclSI Nusr<strong>et</strong> AY'ln kizi kaYlp<br />

PKK-mafya hesapla,masi<br />

•<br />

UYU$turueu satle'SI Nusr<strong>et</strong> Ay'," PKK'ya boreunu ö<strong>de</strong>medlOI,<br />

bunun lçln <strong>de</strong> klzt Hasr<strong>et</strong>'In mllitaniarea ka-<br />

Çtrlld,gl güvenllk ve Istlhbarat blrlmlerl y<strong>et</strong>kllllerinee<br />

açtklandl<br />

tanlanRln yanmda oldugu yolunda<br />

kesin istihbarat bulundugunu soyleyen<br />

y<strong>et</strong>kiliJer, HUlfl'in kaçmJnu$<br />

olabilecegi üzerin<strong>de</strong> duruyorjar. Y<strong>et</strong>kililer<br />

Hur<strong>et</strong>'in arncasl ve erkek<br />

kar<strong>de</strong>$inin örgüt elern1R1olduklan,<br />

Nusnl AY'ID bunlan kaçlOnak için<br />

ID milyon lira harcayarak pasaport<br />

ahp Isviçre'<strong>de</strong> doklor Tank Ekind'nin<br />

yaRlna gön<strong>de</strong>rdigi yotunda<br />

bilgiler oldugunu kayd<strong>et</strong>tiler.<br />

500 MILYON<br />

KIM DEN GELDi?<br />

Güven1ik birimlerine ul~n bi!.<br />

giler<strong>de</strong>, Nusrel Ay adJna Hollanda<br />

ya da A1manya'dan 500 milyon lira<br />

havale ç1kartJldJiJ, ancak bu paramo<br />

kim tarafmdan ve ne amaçla<br />

göo<strong>de</strong>rildijinio lespl edilemediji !Je.-<br />

lirtildi. Havalenin Istanbul'da bir<br />

banka $ubesme göo<strong>de</strong>rildigi, NusreI<br />

Atm da Istanbul'da YlijadJiJ<br />

yolundaki bilgiler <strong>de</strong> Ay'm emniy<strong>et</strong>.<br />

lui dosyasma ekleumi$ durumda.<br />

ALAATTIN ZUHURLU'NUN<br />

ROLÜ<br />

y<strong>et</strong>kiliJer bu arada, 12 Haziran'<br />

da Diyarbakir $Chir merkezio<strong>de</strong> ölü<br />

olarak eIe geçirilen Se1ll1r kod adlt<br />

Alullill Zuillulu i1e Nusr<strong>et</strong> Ay arasmdaki<br />

bai1an1lY\anijUnyoriar. Ay:<br />

DI y<strong>et</strong>kililer, Nusr<strong>et</strong> Ay'm kll~<br />

Hurel Ay'm, AlnUla Zuburlu<br />

nun öldürü1rnesin<strong>de</strong>o hemen sonra<br />

ortadan kayboldugunu da sÖllerine<br />

eklediler.<br />

Örgiitün u)'Iijturucu traligi ve fi.<br />

nansman i$leri sorumlusu olan A1.-<br />

aUla Zuburlu 'oun beraberin<strong>de</strong><br />

Mebmel Dli ile Diyarbakir $eh;.r<br />

merkezine izinsil olarak inmesi 'le<br />

esranru koruyor. 81


oSay.n K.nyas Karlai, ya,amöykünüz<br />

gerçek bir roman konusu. Soyyeller<br />

Birllgi'n<strong>de</strong> harp okulu bUirmiS ve<br />

Sovy<strong>et</strong> ordûsunda subßv..k VR('lm'c;<br />

bir insanson.z. Sonra Turkiye'ye kaç.p<br />

asirelinizin ba",na geçiyorsunuz<br />

ve 1965 - 1980 ylilan araslnda Van<br />

millelvekilligi yap'yorsunuz. Önürnüz<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

1 KaSlm seçimlerln<strong>de</strong> DVP<br />

Van IIslesinln Ilk SlraSlnd. yer<br />

altyorsunuz. Vine seçlleceksiniz ve<br />

Meclis'e gelecekslnlz. Bundan önc:e<br />

birkaç kez oldugu gib!, ,imdi <strong>de</strong><br />

"en yaSIt üye" Sllabyla yenisi seçllene<br />

kadar è>1eclis BaSkanltg. y.p._<br />

cakslmz. 8enlm bu konuda aklnn",<br />

hiç almad.g. bir olay var ... Bu olay,<br />

Iipik bir karamizah örn.gi. Onu .Ize<br />

biraz sonra sorac.gom... Türklye'<br />

<strong>de</strong>n ba.ka bir ülke<strong>de</strong>, böyle blr ,.y<br />

olamaz... SaYln bUyügüm, slz gelmi,sinlz<br />

87 ya'moz .... Arlol< .eçlme<br />

girmeseydlniz <strong>de</strong>, yerlnizl gençler.<br />

btrak •• ydlnlZ d.ha Iyl olmez m.ydI?<br />

Beyelena" arz e<strong>de</strong>y.m ... Ben g,rmemeye karar<br />

ver m" ,d.m. Hatta benom oglum genç id.<br />

ve DVP Van Il Ba,kan. id.. Ama Demorel<br />

buna müsaa<strong>de</strong> elmed .. Bana <strong>de</strong>di ki: "Sen<br />

otacaksm. Senln mrbOIt'! bin d.ha I.zla oy<br />

gelirir" .., Ben <strong>de</strong> bu ,wsile .Ie kend.s.no kormad'm,<br />

Rus ordusunda sub.yltkl.n bu günlere<br />

naSlI geldlnlz el.ndim?<br />

O<br />

Beyelend, bu ",n en ba~.ndan anlatay'm. Ben,m<br />

atalanm Dlyarbakor dan Igdor'a göçmi.l~<br />

1er. Bugun oralarda IO<strong>de</strong>r Devlel Orelme Çlffligi<br />

vardor 0 gem, araz,ler hep bizimm~. 0<br />

zaman oralan Iran toprag •• m.,. Sonra oralaro<br />

Rus yon<strong>et</strong>,m.ne geçince, alalarom Rus yôr1<strong>et</strong>im,n<strong>de</strong><br />

kalm"lar. BIz böylece Rusya'da kald,-<br />

g,m,z lÇ,n ben orada okula ba,ladlm. Bu arada<br />

b,z.m Brukan ~oreb Iran'a w oradan da<br />

Turk'ye'ye göç elm', idi. Ben onlann izini<br />

l


•<br />

DEVAN<br />

ka blr idares,z"k vard'r. btr hatamlz vardlr<br />

Arap kötü. 0 kölu. bu kötu ... Peki hep biz m,<br />

iy'y'z? Zaval" Kurt senon IÇln canono venyor.<br />

kanono venyor. Harbe gän<strong>de</strong>nyorsun. öluyor ...<br />

Ve sen<strong>de</strong>n hlÇbor ~ey islem,yor 0 cahil<br />

adamdIr. Sen onun Slrt,no b,raz ok~arsan. 0<br />

boter. Sen onu sev. onu ok~a ... Dogulu'yu seveceksln.<br />

Sen<strong>de</strong>n sa<strong>de</strong>ce sev,lmey, beKhyor 0<br />

adam. Vallaht 0 zaman sana camm vem<br />

Beyefendl ~~r:.. 10. ...... - l ".'. , '<br />

Isra,i'1 vardlr. Ermeno'non g,<strong>de</strong>cek Husya s,<br />

vard,r. Herkes,n gl<strong>de</strong>cegi b,r yen vardlr ama<br />

blz,m gl<strong>de</strong>cek blr yenmiz yoktur. B,z bu topraklann.<br />

bu memlekehn ,nsanlany'z.<br />

5.10.87<br />

1901 yùInela: Igd1r'm Toru.nkent Köyü'n<strong>de</strong> dogdu. Sovy<strong>et</strong>ler<br />

Btrllgi'n<strong>de</strong> asker1 lise ok:udu va da.ha. sonra Sovy<strong>et</strong>1er Birl1gi<br />

Harp Okulu'nu bitirdi,. Rus ordusunda tegmen rütbesiyle<br />

görev yapan K1nyas Ka..rta.l bir süre sonra Türkiye'ye ka.çtl<br />

va B$I'<strong>et</strong>.1n1n ~ma. geçt1.. Van'da bulunan Bruka.n<br />

~1r<strong>et</strong>1'n1n reis1 va a€asl ola.n K1nyas Kartal, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong><br />

ta.ra.fmdan üç Irez sürgün edildi 1965 ylimela Adal<strong>et</strong> Partisi<br />

Van M1ll<strong>et</strong>vek1l1seçilen Kartal, 12 Eylùl 1980 ha.rekâ.tma.<br />

kada.r TBMM'<strong>de</strong> m1ll<strong>et</strong>vek1l1 olàra.k görev yaptl. ~1tli<br />

zama.nle.rda. 'en y&.I;ll1~. sûa.tJyla TBMM ~ka.nlJgl yaptl.<br />

Rusça. va Kürtçe bilen K1n,ya.s Aga evil va on çocuk. ba.bssL<br />

Kürtler Türkler1 çok sever. Evvela ikisi <strong>de</strong> Müslüman'<br />

d1r. Zavall1 Kürt, senin iç1n camru veriyor, karuru<br />

veriyor. Harbe gön<strong>de</strong>riyorsun, öltiyor. Ve sen<strong>de</strong>n bir<br />

eey istemiyor. Sen onun Sll'tlill biraz ok$8..Sa.R0 biter. Sen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sa<strong>de</strong>ce sevilmeyi bekliyor 0 ada.m.<br />

B<br />

O<br />

12 Eylill aonr",ncla <strong>et</strong>. .UrUlcIOnüz<br />

mU?<br />

Beyelendi. çok ~ükür kl sürmediler" 12 Eylüi'<br />

un ,htilali, benim içln en ehven (uygun) g8ÇlrdiQlmiz<br />

bir ihtilaJ olmu~tur!.. (Kllhbha"') ...<br />

Vanl 12 EylUJ'ü h1çblr urar gör.<br />

O<br />

~<strong>de</strong>n au.ttnz ml"<br />

Laran. Mechs kapandl... Ben <strong>de</strong> mlll<strong>et</strong>vek,lIil'lin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

~mü~ oIdurn ... $ükür kl dü~tüm beyelendi.<br />

Allah Kenan Evren Pa~'ya uzun<br />

ömürler versin. Mec/is'te Iken aldlOtm ma",<br />

1z sürgün edildik, hapis yatt1k ve ç1ktlk. Benim 9.500<br />

dônÜffi topraguna. el koydular. Diger agalarm toprakla.ruu<br />

ia<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>tiler. Aradan tam 27 yù geçti ve ben<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>ten hâlâ. topraklarlffiill geri verilmesini bek.l1yorum.<br />

O<br />

SaYln Kerlel slzl anhyorum elendim.<br />

Pekl s1z Kürt asllil olmanlzln sonucu<br />

olerek keç kez sürgün edildiniz?<br />

Beyefendl ben, uç <strong>de</strong>fa sevk elt,ler Kurl <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>med,ler <strong>de</strong>, 6yle surduler 'sIe' 1926 yd,n.<br />

da $eyh Sait Isyan,'ndan sonra surdu1er. 1937<br />

y,ltnda surduler, en son olarak da 27 May,s<br />

1960 ,ht,lal.n<strong>de</strong> surduler<br />

O<br />

Demek kl ilk iki sürgününüz Atatürk<br />

dönemln<strong>de</strong> oluyor. Örne\iin $eyh<br />

Sait i.yen!'ne 'alan k<strong>et</strong>llmls mlYdm,z?<br />

Bir suçunuz var m'ydl?<br />

Beyefend, oyle b.r sey olsa, mullaka yargdamrdlm.<br />

Maelesel 0 Slralarda bunu soran k,m.<br />

se yoklu. i~te Kürt as,lltYlz dlye ..<br />

Ana dilim Kürtçe' dir.<br />

Ben Türkiye'<strong>de</strong><br />

okul gönnemi~.<br />

Meclis'e geldim.<br />

Kon~ mon~ Biraz<br />

i1erl<strong>et</strong>tim TÜTkçe'yi,<br />

halen <strong>de</strong> noksamm çok.<br />

O<br />

1937 YJhnda ne oImu.tu da .Urü!.<br />

dOnOz?<br />

Ne oIacak beyalendi? 1960 y,ltnda ne oldu k"<br />

1937 )'IlInda bir ~ey olsun!<br />

beno ya idare e<strong>de</strong>r d, ya da <strong>et</strong>mez 1dI. ~<br />

dan soora ben kendime yedi sekiz sene ça' ...<br />

tIm ve be$ on kur~ para toplalT1ll1 oldum.<br />

$imdi 1 Kastm seçimlerin<strong>de</strong> y'ne mill<strong>et</strong>vek~i<br />

oluyorum. Korkanm 0 topIadlg.m para y.ne<br />

gilsin.<br />

o~f""bnIz <strong>et</strong>. para lopladlnlz<br />

Bir yerim var idi. Onu pasaJ yapllm. O{jlumun<br />

eczanesi vardtr. Bu pasaj ~imdi bana ayda iki<br />

milyon lira para gellriyor. Ekinlerim vardlr.<br />

Arazim<strong>de</strong> çal"bm.<br />

O<br />

Slzln toprak"ra '0 May. Ïhtll8ll<br />

_asancIa el Iloymll/lllf.... tnIyd11<br />

SonuncI8 Ilurtarabiklnlz mlloprall'.<br />

rftZl?<br />

Beyelendi çok iyi sordunuz. Onu da arz<br />

e<strong>de</strong>yim ... (Teybl Il.. te<strong>et</strong>.rell) ... $jmdi bu al<strong>et</strong>,<br />

konu~tuklanmlzl zapledlyor mu?<br />

oZaptediyOl'<br />

elend1m.<br />

Bayerendl 'Zr MaylS sonraSlnda biz sürgün<br />

edlldlk, hapis yattlk va çlkt.k. Benim 9.500 dönum<br />

toprag'ma el koydular. Diller a!)alann<br />

topraklanna da el koydular ama, bir süre sonra<br />

onlan ,a<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>tller. Aradan 27 yll geçb ve<br />

ben <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>ten hâlà topraklanm.n geri verilmeslni<br />

bekllyorum. Danl~tay'da dava aç'p kazan-'<br />

dlk. Danl~tay diyor kl "Verin". ancak <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong><br />

verm,yor. Burokrasi vermlyor. Adal<strong>et</strong> kararlanna<br />

ragmen, ben topraklar,ml gen alamo.<br />

yorum beyelendo. Oemek k. biJrokrllSl. bu l»-<br />

ke<strong>de</strong> mahkeme kararlarondan daha guçlu<br />

imi~. Galtba Anayasamlzda da varm'~ ... SaYln<br />

Cumhurba~kano da Slk slk "Türklye bit hullull<br />

<strong>de</strong>Y"lldlr" diyor Idl. Bu durum. maalesel b'-<br />

raz tereddùtludÜr. EOer hukukun üstunluQu<br />

vars a, mahkeme kararlan y,lIardlr nlÇIn uygulanmlYor?<br />

Berek<strong>et</strong> Yersin kl. 0 topraklan<br />

',Ine ben ku)lanoyorum. Ancak lapu benlm<br />

, .ft~i,...,o ..."\..i' ...... n. _1_ ~. ~_ • r .....<br />

:.Imu<br />

ID Ayn.n yezenm Ofer.jim.. ,<br />

"anUi! aOa/lln hapsine topraklan ia<strong>de</strong> edildi,<br />

I~r tek ben kaidirn. Beyelendi 1965 • 1980<br />

, .rlSlnda onbe~ yll mill<strong>et</strong>vekilliQim var. takdlr<br />

I.<strong>de</strong>rsiniz kl anar~i ve terör 12 Eylül önceslnfle<br />

bOwn memlek<strong>et</strong>lmlz<strong>de</strong> alm'~ ve yürümü!7'<br />

1J. Girmeyen blr tek vilay<strong>et</strong> varsa. 0 da Van<br />

l ,Imu~tur. Van'a giremeyi$,nin sebebl ben va<br />

I enim mensup olduljur' cr ,,'" R'l t ... ,<br />

i,in vermed,k. Ama mUkd'dl v;drak Den, su,-<br />

düler ve arazlml ellp vermedller. Beyelendr,<br />

hen Adal<strong>et</strong> Parl,si'nin lelseles,m bemmsemi~<br />

hir insanom. Süleyman Oemirei'e çok büyuk<br />

, ayglm ve sevgim mevcuttur. Istanbul'da b'J<br />

!Iolculann lerlip elfikleri mltingler<strong>de</strong> Atatürk rerirllieri<br />

yerine Stalin resimleri ve ~unlann<br />

I,unlarln resimleri ver idi. Adal<strong>et</strong> Partisi'nin<br />

11unlara kar~1 düzenlediQi "BeyreQ. SlIygI"<br />

,nltinglerln<strong>de</strong> en ön<strong>de</strong> ve en ba~ta, en ya$1i<br />

olduQum hal<strong>de</strong> ben vardlm. Bey<strong>et</strong>endi bu be-<br />

111m gOrevim. Ben memlek<strong>et</strong>ini seven<br />

adam1m. Ben Türk'üm. Elbe!te ki Türk bayra-<br />

!}Im seyar ve severim. Bu benim için bir görevdir.<br />

Fakal buna raQmen ben hep zarar<br />

gôrdüm ve hakklml alamadlm.<br />

O<br />

Pelll ama .Iandlm, .Iz onb •• YI' SU.<br />

"yman [)emlrenn yan'nda mlll.tv ••<br />

11111101 yapm,. blr In.an.mIL Oemlrel'In<br />

ba.ballan oIduQu dlln.mlerd.<br />

Ilendl.lne .llyl ••• ydlnlz, Demirel<br />

emir yarlrdl YB lopreklarlnlzl d.rhal<br />

ahrd,n,z.<br />

Beyelendi ben bu durumu bir tek gün bile<br />

Süleyman Bey'e intikal elfirmedim. Valmz 0<br />

zaman lsm<strong>et</strong> Sezgin Maliye Bakam idi. Bir.iki<br />

<strong>de</strong>la ona <strong>de</strong>dim. Fakat maalesel, bütün çabalanmlza<br />

raOmen 0 da bu i~i bürokrasi<strong>de</strong>n<br />

kurtaramadl.<br />

O<br />

0 zam.n belIlI d. d.yl.tln /.t1hb.r<strong>et</strong><br />

llrgUtI.rln<strong>de</strong> "zln Iç!n glzll rllporler<br />

varcltr. Acaba var ml? .<br />

Beyelendi size bir ~ey arz e<strong>de</strong>cellim ... Tahmin<br />

ediyorum ki VIIrdlr. Oiyeceksiniz ki: "Sen<br />

akIlD <strong>de</strong> allzUnI. gllrdOn mU?..... VooO..,<br />

Am. ben f1.e tablylm,<br />

O<br />

Vanl MIT lallln .Izi Il.I.ml .... Oyl.<br />

ml?<br />

Fi~lenm"im!... Bey<strong>et</strong>end'. benim onbe~ y,l <strong>de</strong>veml!<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>vakilligim verdir. Alli yedi ay, en<br />

ya~1I Oye sllallyla Meclls Ba~kanl!lll yapt,m.<br />

Buna raQmen ne .cldlr ki. 1'$liyim.<br />

O<br />

Garç.kl.n çok ac, ... P.1l1 bUtUn bun.<br />

'ar ba.m,Z8 KUrt .. Ilh olmaktIIn ml<br />

gallyor?<br />

~Iendl, 'Zr MaylS Ihtilalin<strong>de</strong>n sonra bir gün.<br />

Mllh Slrlill Komlt •• 1 üyelerin<strong>de</strong>n Muclp Atekh<br />

ile bir konu~mamlz oldu. Kendisl ~imdi ölmü~wr,<br />

Allah rahm<strong>et</strong> eylesin. Bizi Slves'a,<br />

~uraya buraya sürmü~lerdi. Ondan sonra bunlarla<br />

temasa geçtik. Bana <strong>de</strong>di kir "Senlm<br />

bab.m Arnayut'tur ama ben TUrll'Um" ... Ben<br />

<strong>de</strong> buna <strong>de</strong>dim kl: "8.n da TUrk'Um, B.nlm<br />

babllm KUrt'IOr ama ben dlyorum kl b.n<br />

TOrll'Um. Fllklll .Iz b.nlm TUrll olduQumu<br />

kllbul .tmlyOl'.unuz..... "N .. 11 Illlbui .tml.<br />

y'OI'uz?" diye 'ordu. Bunun üzerine <strong>de</strong>dim kl:<br />

'81z benlm hakk""da YUlyor.unuz III KUrt<br />

allllh Klny.. Karl8l. Senln beben Arnllyut<br />

a"'hdlr lima .an dlY\OI'.un k! ben Türll'üm<br />

VII kwtuluYOl'8Un. Benlm bllbam Kürt'tür.<br />

Ben dlyorum III ben <strong>et</strong>. Türk'üm, lima ben<br />

bIr lÜrlU kurlulamlYOl'um. Acllba bu nau I~.<br />

tlr?"... (SUrellll kehllahe"r) ...<br />

O<br />

O<br />

Fi~1111Ildurumunuz ecaba ~1mcI <strong>de</strong><br />

clevam .dlyor mu?<br />

Tahm.n edoyorum e<strong>de</strong>r!<br />

Vani Kürt allllh oImak yUzüncien ml<br />

Ilflenml. durumdallllllZ?<br />

Elb<strong>et</strong>te kl... Hatta bu yüz<strong>de</strong>n, 12 Eylül sonrasinda<br />

telefonumu bile uzun ylilar kestiler bey.<br />

elendl. Bem telelonsuz b,raktllar bu y~'mda.<br />

O<br />

Seym Kerlal, 1965 - 1980 y.... ra ara.<br />

san<strong>de</strong> hlç Ile"ntialz Ven milleivellHI<br />

.eçlldlnlz. Acllbe yUzbln Ill.ilill a,l-<br />

83


•<br />

•<br />

O<br />

DEVAH<br />

rehnlz<strong>de</strong> herkes size Gy verlr mlydl,<br />

yoksa Bizin sandlklardan Adalel<br />

ParUai dl,lnda ba,ka partilere <strong>de</strong> Gy<br />

çlkar mlydl?<br />

Beyelend, onu da arz e<strong>de</strong>Ylm Hayatla lire<br />

vermeyen h'çblr ~ey yoklur Fakat en az fire<br />

veren olursa, y.ne b,zlm a~lrellir. Bunu SUleyman<br />

Bey <strong>de</strong> b"'yor. yanIOdakl herkes <strong>de</strong> bilivor<br />

Halla sandlk ba~kanr s8Çlm gt.inu roye<br />

geld'g' zaman b,z,m koyluler ana <strong>de</strong>rlerdi kl:<br />

"Seneier<strong>de</strong>n beri blzlm sandlklan muhalll<br />

oy çlkmaz. Sen <strong>de</strong> blzlm parlive oy kul-<br />

Ian" Çok zaman onu da Ikna e<strong>de</strong>rlerdl. Yam<br />

b,z,m oralardak, koyler<strong>de</strong> ba~ka oy çlkmaz<br />

B'r le •. oy, blllm d's,mlzda çlkmaz<br />

O<br />

EI.ndlm koskoca K1nyes AOeIllflIL<br />

Aeaba kaç kanOlz varchr?<br />

5.10.87<br />

Elendim önümüz<strong>de</strong>kl 1 Kaslm seçlmlerln<strong>de</strong><br />

blr <strong>de</strong> baktlnlz ki slzln<br />

sandlklardan DYP dl,lndakl parlIIere<br />

<strong>de</strong> oy çlkm.,. 0 zaman ne yapar.<br />

51n1Z?<br />

Im"ânsizdlr beyefendl Kallyen olmaz Bakin<br />

size ,zahln, yapacag,m 27 May's Ihtllalin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

soma Bursa Cezaevl'n<strong>de</strong>y,m Ben<strong>de</strong>n sordUlar<br />

"Anayasa lçin referandum yapllacak,<br />

Kabul oyu mu kullanahm, r<strong>et</strong> oyu mu?"<br />

d've Ben <strong>de</strong> b,zlmkllere <strong>de</strong>d'm kl "Kabul<br />

oyu venn" Sebeblne gelince, blr an once<br />

bu Idare<strong>de</strong>n kUitulalim Benlm kald'glm koyun<br />

adl Özkoy Allar geçm's,n,ze rahm<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>s.n,<br />

anam 0 zaman hayatla Id, Ben,m koyum<strong>de</strong><br />

sand!k tHr aCI!lyor kl, dokuz tane klrmizl r<strong>et</strong><br />

oyu ç'klYor Koyull muhta" da, amcamln oglu<br />

Haci Re~,t Karlai Amcam og'l' hemen<br />

"Bunu hangi namussuz yaph?" dlye baglrrnilya<br />

bas, \0' An3m da ana d'yor kl. "Dur<br />

hele. sövme. Elunu ben yapm","m" Soruyor!ar<br />

"Te)z.e nlçin yaplln bunu? Biz bu<br />

ka!>ul oylannl senin ogluna danl,arak verdik"<br />

Anan~ ounun uzertne dlyor kl. ueenlm<br />

oglum herhal<strong>de</strong> bunlardan korktu kl. kabul<br />

oyu verin <strong>de</strong>di l3en onun için r<strong>et</strong> oyu verdirdim"<br />

BeJ~j(' ....~~ /\"1~ ::-lab'!IYo" ya, ben<br />

unlardan X('rl\'11\...;~'. l, .t'cksa :,en kabul oyu<br />

verdIr ,r mlyd,m? Yanl anam bunu anlad'g' lçln<br />

koy<strong>de</strong> dokuz kad,n. kandlrmlS Yoksa b,z,m<br />

aslrehmll' mumkun <strong>de</strong>gd kand"amazsln<br />

O<br />

Siz Turkçe'yi Türkiye'ye geklikten<br />

sonra ml ligrendiniz, yoksa h.p bllir<br />

miydiniz?<br />

Yalanclya lan<strong>et</strong> olsun Benrm ana d,lim Kurtçe'dlr<br />

Ben Turklye'<strong>de</strong> ,'kokul gormemi~lm, ortaokul<br />

gormem,s'm, obursunu gormemlslm<br />

Soma Meclls'e geld'", rab" konusluk monu~tuk<br />

ve blraz ,'er'<strong>et</strong>tlm Turkçe'YI Halen <strong>de</strong> noksanlm<br />

çol


• •<br />

tatürk Uluslararasl Ban$ ÖdOIO,<br />

A geçen sene,' ban~la ilgisi biraz<br />

"dolayh" bir kurulu$un, NATO'nun<br />

uzun seneier genel sekr<strong>et</strong>erli~ini yOrOten<br />

Joseph Luns'a verildigi için<br />

epey elqtiriye konu olmu$tu. Hattâ<br />

bu.seçim, yüksek bOrokrasi için<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

baz1 çevrelerce "bir gar' olarak tammlanm1$tl.<br />

Bu sene ele$tiriler,'AtatOrk<br />

Uluslararasl Barl$ ÖdOIO'ne layJk<br />

görOIen Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya Cumhurb8$kam<br />

Richard von Veizsaecker'in<br />

ve "saygm ve <strong>de</strong>mokrat" ki$iliginin<br />

bu ödOllebagd8$unlamaYI$mdan<br />

kaynaklandl. ÖdUl töreninin ertesi<br />

gOnO,bu kez von Weizsaecker'-<br />

inTorkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki <strong>de</strong>mokrasiyi herhangi<br />

bir Batllmm yumU$aksOylemiylesorgulayan<br />

sözlerine içerleyen baZ1 gaz<strong>et</strong>eler<br />

"ödül verdik, <strong>de</strong>mokrasi <strong>de</strong>rsi<br />

dinledik" feryadlyla elqtiri korosuna<br />

aksi cephe<strong>de</strong>n kattldtlar. (BOtOn<br />

bunlar Slddlk Bilgin1iöldüren i$kencecilerin<br />

nihay<strong>et</strong> yar&1Onüne Çlleanldlgl<br />

hafta için<strong>de</strong> oluyordu.)<br />

Atatürk Uluslararasl Ban~ ÖdOlü<br />

Kurulu üyesi Prof.Dr. Hamza Ero~lu'nun<br />

.YeniGQn<strong>de</strong>m'e sOyledileleri,<br />

ça1laJ1lba günkO tOren<strong>de</strong> Opera binasIm<br />

dolduran askeri ve mUlkierkamn<br />

minn<strong>et</strong> hislerini çok iyi Oz<strong>et</strong>liyordu:<br />

"Weizsaecleer'in bu OdülOkabul <strong>et</strong>mesi<br />

büyük bir fedakârhle, Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

Alman Cumhurb8$kam'mn "bunca<br />

mqgalesi arasmda Ankara'ya gelmesi<br />

ve gay<strong>et</strong> tabiî, asd Onemlisi, bOtOn<br />

tenkitlere ra~men ödolO kabu! e<strong>de</strong>rek<br />

TOrkiye'ye sempatisini gOstermesi"ydi.<br />

Gerçekten, von Weîzsaecker,<br />

hem Alman, hem TOrk <strong>de</strong>mokratik<br />

kamuoylannda bu ödOIOkabul <strong>et</strong>tigi<br />

için çok elqtiriùni~ti. .<br />

"Mill<strong>et</strong>siz <strong>de</strong>Yl<strong>et</strong>.nl.Y~I"<br />

AtatOrk Barl$ ÖdülO'nOn statOsO<br />

ve Odü10veren kurul hakkmda, D¥P<br />

Genel Ba$kan YardlmctSl Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Dülger <strong>de</strong>, "Epey $Ophelerimvar" diyordu.<br />

Dülger'e gOre,ödülOn ilk gOze<br />

çarpan Ozelligi,"<strong>de</strong>mokrasi<strong>de</strong>n uzakh~1<br />

ve miIl<strong>et</strong>siz bir <strong>de</strong>v1<strong>et</strong> anlaY1$ml<br />

yansltmasl"ydl. ÖdOIKurulu be$ hOküm<strong>et</strong><br />

temsilcisi, iki Silahb Kuvv<strong>et</strong>-<br />

1ermensubu, YÖK ve AtatOrk YOk.<br />

sek Kurumu B8$kan1an île Cumhurbqkam<br />

ve onun seçtili yedi qi<strong>de</strong>n<br />

olu$uyordu. Mehm<strong>et</strong> DOlger, "Niye<br />

mesela, bu kurulda gaz<strong>et</strong>eciler yok,<br />

mesick odalarl yok, siyas<strong>et</strong>çiler<br />

yok?" diye sormaihtiyact duyuyordu:<br />

"Nobel Ban$ ÖdolO'nOn bir hiklyesi<br />

vardrr. Adam dinamiti bulmU$,bunun<br />

asken amaçlarla kul1am1-<br />

masmdan duydugu OZOntüyle bu<br />

OdOIOnverilmesini vasiy<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>DlÏftir.<br />

Bu ödOIOnhöyle bir hiklyesi var mldir?<br />

Niye ~u lei$iye<strong>de</strong>~ <strong>de</strong> bu ki$iye<br />

veriliyor? Bir hesap ml var? Geçen sene<br />

ödOI verilen Joseph Luos'un ba.<br />

n$la ne irtibatl vardrr?"<br />

ÖdOIOnstatüsOnOiçlerine sindiremeyenJer,<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>ral A1manya tarihin<strong>de</strong><br />

ille oturumda en yüleseleoyu alaraie<br />

(l028'<strong>de</strong> 832)seçilenCumhurb8$kam<br />

olan von Weizsaecleer'in "saygm<br />

ki$iligini" bu elqtiriler<strong>de</strong>n ayJrmale<br />

gerel<strong>et</strong>igini lsrarla belirtiyorlarm.<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> DOlger'e gOre zaten en<br />

boyük çeli$ki, mill<strong>et</strong>veJcülilin<strong>de</strong>n belediye<br />

b8$kanl.1l1na,oradan Cumhurbqkanl.1l1na<br />

k~, her k~e<strong>de</strong><br />

"seçim"i yqami$ olan biri ile bOylesi<br />

anti-<strong>de</strong>mokratik yapili bir ödOlarasmdaym.<br />

TtJun - Bo$Itldrtr libl bilmedi.<br />

1987'nin Nobel Ban$ ÖdülO'ne<br />

adll1' gOsterilen bilim adamt Ismail<br />

Bqikçi, "Aksi iddia edilemeyen, aksi<br />

ileri sürOldü~ü zaman suç kabul<br />

editen i<strong>de</strong>olojiler ve sisternJer adma<br />

ödOller koymak göstermelik olmaktan<br />

Otebir ~eyifa<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>mez" diyordu:<br />

"Bu kO$ullaraltmda verilen Atatürk<br />

Uluslararasl Ban$ ÖdülO'nOn ban$m<br />

kurulmasl, kOrunmaslve sOrdürOlme-<br />

si soreeine hiçbir Jëatlctst yoktur. Bu<br />

sa<strong>de</strong>ce, uluslararasl saygmbia olan<br />

<strong>de</strong>mokrat ki$ilerin itibarlarmdan yararlanarak<br />

TUrk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>inin propagandasml<br />

yapmaya Yarar. TOrkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

,<br />

anti-<strong>de</strong>molcratik uYlllJ~mal..n giz1emeye,<br />

KOrtiere uygulanan D'leÇ1basktIan,<br />

cezaevlerin<strong>de</strong>ki, karakoUardaki<br />

i$kence1erlortJiltye,.~ Fe<strong>de</strong>ral .<br />

Alman CWnJ1ur6qkam bu ödOlOkabul<br />

<strong>et</strong>mek için epey zorla~ olmah.<br />

Nitekim, ödül, 8Çlklanmasmdan<br />

ancak bC$ ay sonra verilebUmi$tîr.<br />

Oysa OdOIOntüzülOne &Ore23 Nisan'da<br />

açlklandlktan sonra, 19 MayJs'ta<br />

verilmesi gerekirdi."<br />

"Diycceklerine dikkat eella!"<br />

ÖdOle yön<strong>et</strong>ik ele~tirileri tOren öncesin<strong>de</strong><br />

YeniGün<strong>de</strong>m muhabirin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

dinleyen bir Alman gaz<strong>et</strong>eci, "Von<br />

Weizsaecker bir OdülOkabul <strong>et</strong>tiyse,<br />

bu, kabul edilebilir bir ödül <strong>de</strong>mektir.<br />

Hem siz konU$masmda<strong>de</strong>moIcrasi<br />

OzerinesöyleyecekJerinedikkat edin"<br />

uyarlsml yapml~tl. Gerçekten, von<br />

Weîzsaeeker'in bu ödülO kabul <strong>et</strong>mesl<br />

belki bir "fedakârhk"tl ama, 0 da<br />

bunun "be<strong>de</strong>Jini" Odülü olU$luran altm<br />

heykelcik ve Parasat he<strong>de</strong>lle <strong>de</strong>lil,<br />

"bUdili gibi kODu$mak"la öd<strong>et</strong>iyordu.<br />

Gerçi ÖdOl'Kurulu'ndan Kaslm '<br />

Gillek, "Yole CaDlm,adam gay<strong>et</strong> iyi<br />

niy<strong>et</strong>le söYledi" diyordu, ama Milli-<br />

)'d'in "TOrk-Aiman soluklulu", ~<br />

TercfJman'm "Alman Cumhurb8$kam'na<br />

'AtatOrk Barl$ ÖdülO' verdik,<br />

'rrkçl basb' propagandasl dinJedik"<br />

diye serzeni$te bulunan mllß$Ctleri<br />

bqka bir izIenimi yanslbyordu. Von<br />

Weîzsaecker'in "<strong>et</strong>nik ve dinî azmbklarm<br />

haklan, insan haklarl, tutuklu<br />

ve hükornJOiere insan onuruna yara-<br />

$lr muamele" konusunda ashnda 01-<br />

dukça "kibar" olan sOzleri, bazl 01-<br />

~Ieri mensuplan tarafmdan "lçi$lere<br />

mOdahale ve mOnaseb<strong>et</strong>sizlik" olarak<br />

yorurnJamrken, "ÖdillO kabul <strong>et</strong>mesine'kar$l<br />

çdcan1an memt1un<strong>et</strong>mek istedi"<br />

yorumu da yaygmdl. Bu arada<br />

Dl$i$leriBakanhl1 von Weizsaeeker'-<br />

in sOzleri hakkmda "hiçbir açlklama<br />

ve yorum" yapllmayacagJm bildirerek,<br />

ashnda OdOlle olan ilgisini <strong>de</strong><br />

Ozerin<strong>de</strong>n atmak ister gibiydi (Ödül<br />

Kurulu'nda Dl$i~leriBakam da bulunuyordu).<br />

Süryullerin<br />

rolü<br />

Bu arada, von Weîzsaeeker'in TOrkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

dinî ve <strong>et</strong>nik llZlnJlklarla<br />

"<strong>de</strong>rin hO$gOrüve saY81için<strong>de</strong> birlik-'<br />

te yqanmasl"m telkin e<strong>de</strong>n sOzleri-<br />

Din armnda, Türkiyc'<strong>de</strong>ki SUryanilerin<br />

Almanya'ya "ani" ve kalabahk<br />

gOçünOn <strong>de</strong> payJ varm. Richard von<br />

Weîzsaecker'in qi Marianne von Weizsaeeker,<br />

Soryani Kilisesi'nin AImanya'daki<br />

en bOyük hamisiydi ve<br />

Bayan von Weizsaecker'in "TOrkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

SOryanilerin kll11dqttlt basblar<br />

kar$lSmdaki OZOntOsO"<strong>de</strong>, kocumm<br />

konu~maslmn satlr aralannda<br />

ifa<strong>de</strong>sini bulmu~tu ... 0<br />

TANIL BORA<br />

81S<br />

18-24.10.87


nexta<br />

SINEMA I YILMAZ GONEY<br />

Nihay<strong>et</strong><br />

••<br />

••<br />

ozgur<br />

olacak<br />

HÜküm<strong>et</strong> Yllmaz GÜney'ln<br />

fllmlerl üzerln<strong>de</strong>kl yasagl<br />

kaldlrmaYI Planllyor.,<br />

BöyleCe sinemasév<strong>et</strong>lerin<br />

7 Ylillk OZleml <strong>de</strong> sona<br />

erecek.<br />

Y<br />

Il: 1978. Ver: Taksim Ven Ils<br />

Sinemasl. Salon hmcahmç dolu.<br />

1$lklar sOnllyor ve projeksiyon<br />

makinesi ~..ahsmaya baslIyor. SaIonda<br />

çJt yok. Herkes onun gorü:1mesini<br />

bekliyor. Ne<strong>de</strong>n sonra kamera<br />

bir duvara yaklaSlyor. Önce bir el<br />

gOrüyoruz duvann llzerin<strong>de</strong> sonri<br />

bir sapka ve nihay<strong>et</strong> bir yQz. Bir an<br />

sonra adamm bUtUn vOcudu béliriyor<br />

per<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong> ve bir alb, tufanrellr<br />

kopuyor salonda. Artlk her harek<strong>et</strong>i,<br />

her sOzll, tlpkl bir arenada<br />

matadora çekilen oleyler gibi, alklS~<br />

larla "<strong>de</strong>stekleniyor." Sanki bir sinema<br />

yIldlZ1<strong>de</strong>Ail per<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>ki, bir efsane.<br />

Adl YIImaz GOney olan ...<br />

Ne zamandlr böylesi gOrüntüler<br />

y~anmlyordu sinema salonlannda.<br />

Filmleri yasaklanmlstl. Ne var ki Su<br />

gOnler<strong>de</strong> bu yasaklann son <strong>de</strong>mlerini<br />

yasadlAI yolunda sinyaUer <strong>de</strong><br />

yok <strong>de</strong>Aildi. HUkOm<strong>et</strong> çevrelerin<strong>de</strong><br />

seçim sonrasl YIImaz GOney filmleri<br />

Ozerin<strong>de</strong>ki YasaAm kalkacagmdan<br />

söz ediliyordu slk slk. Nitekim<br />

konuyla ilgili olarak görü$One basvurduAumuz<br />

Basbakanhk DamSmam<br />

Adnan Kahveci'<strong>de</strong> doAruluyordu<br />

bunu: "Ever. Böyle bir çahsma<br />

var." Bu yön<strong>de</strong> ciddi bir hazlrhgm<br />

olduAunu dogrulayan bir<br />

baska kaynak da Fiyap B~kam<br />

TUrker tnanoglU'ydu. tnanoAlu<br />

~okta'ya yaptlgl açlklamada konuyla<br />

i1giti olarak görUsOne basvuruldugunu<br />

dogruluyor ve verdiAi<br />

yamll söyle öz<strong>et</strong>liyordu: "Zaten<br />

TUrkiye'<strong>de</strong> bir sansUr olaYl var. Bunun<br />

dlsmda bir kiSiyi he<strong>de</strong>f tutmak<br />

ne uygarca bir davramstlr, ne <strong>de</strong><br />

adal<strong>et</strong> mekanizmasma slgar. Kaldlnlmasmda<br />

fayda var. HOkUm<strong>et</strong>e <strong>de</strong><br />

çok büyUk bir puan kazandmr."<br />

"Ben Yllmu Güney'im." 1958<br />

Ylhnda sinemaya giren Yllmaz GUney,<br />

1968 yIlma gelene kadar oynadlgl<br />

vurdulu-klrddl filmlerle, Çirkin<br />

Kral olarak Unleniyordu. Balath<br />

Arif, Kaslmpasah, Benim Adlm<br />

Kerim, Güney'in bu tUr<strong>de</strong>ki en ço~<br />

ses g<strong>et</strong>iren çahsmalanydl. Duru$u,<br />

88<br />

baklSI, harek<strong>et</strong>leri ve boyük ba$a-<br />

.nyla çizdigi kompozisyonlar onu<br />

bir oyuncu olarak dOneminin diAer<br />

isimlerin<strong>de</strong>n farkII bir noktaya g<strong>et</strong>iriyordu.<br />

Seyirci GOney'in filmlerini<br />

dolduruyor, onu bir kurtarlCI<br />

olarak gOrOyordu. Nitekim tngiliz<br />

televizyonuna h8ZJrlanan bir belgesei<strong>de</strong>,<br />

0 Ylllan $Oyle anJatlyordu<br />

GOriey: "Hayranlanmdan aldlA1m<br />

mektuplarda yalmzca sinema ile ilgili<br />

sorular olmuyordu. tnsanlar<br />

ben<strong>de</strong>n çocuklanyla, evlilikle ilgili<br />

sorunlanna cevap vermemi bekliyorlardl.<br />

BOylece beni kurtanci<br />

yapular. Yalmzca per<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>Ail,<br />

özel Yll$amlannda da."<br />

GOney'in 1968'<strong>de</strong>n itibaren Seyyit<br />

Han filmiyle birlikte oyuncuyön<strong>et</strong>men<br />

olarak {oplumsal sorun-<br />

Ian ir<strong>de</strong>leyen filmlere yOnelmesi ve<br />

kendi sinemasml olusturmaya bas~<br />

lama51, seyircisiyle olan sicak baAl<br />

bir kat daha gùçleniyordu. 1970 YIlInda<br />

Umut filmini gerçeklestirmesiyle<br />

birlikte TOrk sinemasma damgasml<br />

vuruyor ve sinemamlZm gOnOm<br />

Oze kadar gelen yolunu çizmesinin<br />

yam ma, yurt dlsmda da<br />

TOrkiye'nin en boyOk sinemacisi<br />

olarak tanmmaya baslIyordu. Bu<br />

dOnem aym zamanda Yllmaz Goney'in<br />

"kurtarlcl" kimliAini benimsediAini<br />

<strong>de</strong> gOsleriyordu. Murat<br />

Belge'nin <strong>de</strong>yisiyle "hem savaSçl,<br />

hem <strong>de</strong>rvi$" olan GOney, tngiliz televizyonundaki<br />

beIgesei<strong>de</strong> sOyledikleriyle<br />

kendi efsanesini kendisi <strong>de</strong><br />

doAruluyordu: "Bana SUsorulabi-<br />

Iir ... TUrkiye'<strong>de</strong>lti cezaevi kosuUan<br />

bu kadar kötO ise, bu. filmleri<br />

nasii yaptm? Nasll örgUtledin? Bu<br />

insanlarla nasii i1iSki kurabildin?<br />

AlçakgönUUOIOAe gerek yok. Ben<br />

YIImaz GOney'im."<br />

Güney'in filmlerl $imdl nere<strong>de</strong>?<br />

YIImaz Güney efsanesinin olusmasmda<br />

hiç kuSkusuz filmlerinin yam<br />

Slra, daima filmleriyle yasammm<br />

büyük bir paralellik göstermesi <strong>de</strong><br />

çok Onemli bir roi oynuyordu. Ancak<br />

1970'1i yIllarm politik ortammda<br />

GOney'in sinemasl da sinematografik<br />

Ozellikler.in<strong>de</strong>n çok, politik<br />

bir baklS açlslyla <strong>de</strong>Aerlendiriliyor,<br />

örneAin Umutsuzlar gibi bugone<br />

kadar TUrk sinemasmda yer altI<br />

dOnyaS1m en çatplci bir biçim<strong>de</strong><br />

anlatan ince duyarlIklar banndlran<br />

filmi, açlk politik mesajlar içermedili<br />

için $OZ ardl ediliyordu. ~O'li<br />

YIOaria blrlikte filmlerinin )'&Saklanmasl<br />

ise, YIImaz GUney sinernasmm<br />

ve bir anlamda da TUrk sinemasmm<br />

yeni baklS açIlan dolmltusunda<br />

yeni<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>Aerlendirmesini<br />

gUçlestiriyordu.<br />

YIImaz Güney'in filmleri üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

yasaAIn kalkmasl doArultusunda<br />

gelisen süreçle birlikte b8ZJ sorular<br />

da gOn<strong>de</strong>me geliyordu. Zeynep<br />

Oral bu sorularda bazIlanDl<br />

sOyle formOle ediyordu: "YIImaz<br />

GOney'in. filmleri bugon nere<strong>de</strong>?<br />

Hangi eUer<strong>de</strong> toplandl? Toplandl<br />

ml, yoksa yakIldl, kül mil edildi?<br />

4.10.87<br />

Yaklhp YOk edildiyseler, bunu yapanlar<br />

<strong>de</strong>rhai açlklanmalI ve daha<br />

çok vakit kayb<strong>et</strong>me<strong>de</strong>n seferber<br />

olup, yabancl Olkeler~elti .~opYa!an<br />

bulu~, )'v~.:i!~~t-'t ~",ua""~" i.Jk~~1:! .... ~,<br />

ait olduklan yere g<strong>et</strong>irtmeliler."<br />

tahal mah, yerli filmier. Yurt<br />

için<strong>de</strong>ki Yllmaz Güney filmlerinin<br />

aklb<strong>et</strong>Ierinin ne oldugu bilinmiyordu.<br />

Ancak yön<strong>et</strong>menin GUney<br />

Filmcilik ad ma yapuAI on filmin<br />

dUnya dagltlm haklan lsviçre'<strong>de</strong><br />

Cactus Film sirk<strong>et</strong>inin elin<strong>de</strong> bulunuyordu.<br />

ÜçUncO DOnya ülkelerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

ilerici, radikal sinema yapan<br />

yön<strong>et</strong>menlerin filmlerine sahip<br />

çlkmaslyla tamnan Cactus Film'in<br />

temsi1cileri, temmuz aYlnda bir dosya<br />

ile Belge Film'in sahibi Sabahattin<br />

Ç<strong>et</strong>in'e eUerin<strong>de</strong>ki Güney filmlerinin<br />

TUrkiye haklanm satmak<br />

için teklif g<strong>et</strong>iriyorlardl. Cactus<br />

Film'in elin<strong>de</strong> GUney'in; Aç Kurtlar,<br />

Zavalblar, sUru, DÜ$man, Yol,<br />

Umut, Endise, Arkadll$, Aa ve<br />

Umutsuzlar filmleri bulunuyordu.<br />

Sabahattin Ç<strong>et</strong>in ise Cactus<br />

Film'e verditi yamtta; su anda<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> Yllmaz Güney'in filmleri<br />

üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki yasaAm kalkm8S1mn<br />

kolay olmayacagml, ancak seçimleri<br />

beklemelerini öneriyordu. Ç<strong>et</strong>in,<br />

konuyla i1gili Nokta'.,m sorulanm<br />

yamtlarken <strong>de</strong> GUney'in fIlmlerinin<br />

ithali ve yasaklanyla i1gili<br />

sunlan söylUyordu: "Biz bu filmleri<br />

ahrsak ithal <strong>et</strong>mi$ olacqlZ. TIpkl<br />

yabancl bir Olke<strong>de</strong>n, yabana bir<br />

film ahr gibi, Hazin bir çeliski. GUney'in<br />

yasaklanna gelince, ben bunun<br />

dönem yasagl oldugu görüsUn<strong>de</strong>yim.<br />

\' e öyle samyorum ki seçim<strong>de</strong>n<br />

soma daha <strong>de</strong>mokratik bir orlama<br />

kavu$ulacak ve bu dönemin<br />

son sayfalan da çevrilecektir."<br />

~rh.1 ÖZTÜRI(<br />


'Il~ta<br />

DEPR£~'fVLERil4ARTO,<br />

21 VILDIRBEKLlvOR<br />

.,iarto'cÎa taS. üsfÜne<br />

, ; ..e, )0;'" '. ,,~1b,' ~<br />

..(."'~il-~ ,.01,<br />

~l~!tds konulmad. . .<br />

;(, ... ': #<br />

" ." ,1966 yllanda varto'da ta$ ta$ üstün<strong>de</strong> blrakmayan<br />

;,;'; uel)rem<strong>de</strong>n bu yana 21 YII geçmesine ve <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in her<br />

\' VII söz vermesine ragmen, köylüler hala "yalnlzca Qir<br />

klS için geçici olarak" yerlestirildikleri barakalarda<br />

yaSlyor ve umutla veni evlerinin yapllmaslnl bekliyor.<br />

,'D uman, toz toprak ve ellerin<strong>de</strong><br />

kazmalar, küreklerle<br />

önlerine çlkan her enkaz arasmda<br />

ces<strong>et</strong> ara yan gözleri yash insanlar<br />

.. , hte felak<strong>et</strong> gecesi Varto'nun<br />

genel görünüsü buydu ... Varto aruk<br />

bir harabeler diyan ve bahtslz<br />

insanlar ülkesiydi."<br />

1966 yIlmm 16 A~ustosu'nda<br />

Varto'ya gi<strong>de</strong>n "Hayat mecmuaslmn<br />

özel muhabirlerinin intibalan"<br />

bäyle bashyor, ölü saYlslmn, ilk rakamlara<br />

göre 3 bin civannda oldu-<br />

~u duyurulduktan sonra, "B8$vekil<br />

Demirel'in tzmir gezisini yanda<br />

keserek Varto'ya giltili" buruk<br />

müj<strong>de</strong>siyle sona eriyordu.<br />

o zamandan bu yana tam 21 yd<br />

geçti. Bu süre için<strong>de</strong> "mecmua"<br />

<strong>de</strong>rgi, "intiba" izlenim, "ba$vekil"<br />

<strong>de</strong> basbakan oldu. Vartolulara gelince;<br />

onlar <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in 21 Yl1önce ver.<br />

digi bir sözü tutmasml bekliyor hâ;<br />

iâ. Aruk kabuk ba~lamlS da olsa ..<br />

yaralann sanlmaslm ve evlerinin<br />

yapllmasml bekliyorlar umutla. .<br />

21 kez tutulma)'lIn <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> sözü.<br />

"1966 Ylhnda <strong>de</strong>prem oldu~unda,<br />

ben Tashyaka köyün<strong>de</strong> ikâm<strong>et</strong> ediyordum.<br />

20 kisilik nüfusumuz <strong>de</strong>prem<strong>de</strong><br />

10 kisiye indioFelak<strong>et</strong>ten bir<br />

ay sonra Vano ilçe merkezine bu<br />

~araka1an yapm1slar. Bizi iç iskâna<br />

tabi tuttular. 0 zamanki <strong>de</strong>vlel<br />

y<strong>et</strong>kililerimiz bizlere <strong>de</strong>di ki, 'Merak<br />

<strong>et</strong>meyin. aç açlk koymaYlz sizleri.<br />

bu barakalarda bir kls kalacak-<br />

SIIllZ. baharla birlikte yeni evleriniz<br />

yapliacak .<br />

Ama iSlearadan bir <strong>de</strong>gil. tam 21<br />

klS geçmisti vc dcgi~cn hiçbir ~ey<br />

yokw. 0 zamanlar 44 vaS1l1daolan<br />

Adlgüze! Çiçek bugün bu sözlerle<br />

yakmdl~mda 65 y8$mdaydl ve kalabahk<br />

ailesiyle birlikte ayru barakada<br />

oturmaya <strong>de</strong>vam ediyordu.<br />

1966'da 15 yasmda olan ollu Ali<br />

bugün 36 y8$ma gelmis, Adlgüzel<br />

Çiçek, torununu da görmüstü ama,<br />

iste bugüne kadar, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in vaat <strong>et</strong>tigi<br />

evini görememisti.<br />

Adlgüzel Çiçek'in iki olIu, gelinleri,<br />

torunlan, karlSl ve klzlyla<br />

ot:Irdu~u "fertinghaus" tipi barakalar,<br />

admdaki gösterise ralmen<br />

herkesin bildi~i barakadan farkh<br />

<strong>de</strong>gildi. Ostelik, toplam 48 m<strong>et</strong>re~<br />

karelik bu barakalar dör<strong>de</strong> bOlOnmüstü<br />

ve her bölüm<strong>de</strong> 8-10 kiSilik<br />

aileler oturuyordu. Her "daire"<br />

2x3 m<strong>et</strong>rekarelik iki odadan olusuyor,<br />

"daire"ler<strong>de</strong> tuval<strong>et</strong>, banyo ve<br />

mutfak bulunmuyordu. Adlgüzel<br />

Çiçek'in, "Bir radyo aldlk, dört aile<br />

ortakl8$a dinliyoruz" biçirilin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

sözlerinin ne anIama geldilini<br />

anlamak için <strong>de</strong> barakamn dört bölümünU<br />

aY1randuvarlara biraz daha<br />

yakmdan bakmak gerekiyordu.<br />

Bu "duvar"lar, 3 cm kabnhllnda<br />

suntaya benzer bir eins tahtadan<br />

yapllmlSti ve radyo bir yana, içer~<br />

<strong>de</strong>ki hafif sesli konusmalan bile geçiriyordu.<br />

"Her bir çlkan sesi dört<br />

aile <strong>de</strong> duyuyor" diyordu Adlgüzel<br />

Çiçek, "Ne mahremiy<strong>et</strong>imiz kaldl,<br />

ne <strong>de</strong> insanl1llmlz."<br />

Höyle salhe. böyle kurnazllk!<br />

Vartolular boyle samimi samimi<br />

yasar, her YIIpolitikacIlann yeni bir<br />

vaadine inanmak için kendllerini<br />

zorlarken, ydlardan 1975gelmis. 0<br />

yd <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>, aile basma 75 bin lira da-<br />

Ilup "kendi evini kendin yap" ya<br />

da klsaca E. Y.Y. yöntemini uygulamaya<br />

koymaya karar vermis.<br />

Vermis ama, bu kez karslSlnda her<br />

köyü temsilen bir "vekil" bulmus.<br />

hin bürokratik güçlüklerin<strong>de</strong>n YI-<br />

Ian köylüler, güvendikleri birini vekil<br />

tayin edip onu <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in karslslna<br />

çlkannca olan olmus. Vekillerin<br />

bir klsml "Böyle flrsat kaçar ml?"<br />

<strong>de</strong>yip yatmlS paralann üstüne. Bu<br />

uyamk vekiller<strong>de</strong>n biri haien uyuSturucu<br />

mad<strong>de</strong> kaçakçlhlmdan tutuklu<br />

Hilmi Toplu, t1bey köyün<strong>de</strong><br />

Ylktlan 48 konut için açIlan malzeme<br />

ve para kredilerinin tümUnü,<br />

köylüler<strong>de</strong>n aldlll vekâl<strong>et</strong>le çekmis,<br />

ama tek bir ev dahi yapmamlS.<br />

Köylülerin sikây<strong>et</strong>i üzerine açllan<br />

ceza davasinda önce mahkûm olan.<br />

Hilmi Toplu, Yarguay'da, veUl<strong>et</strong><br />

aldlll için ceza davasma konu<br />

olamaz" gerekçesiyle beraat edince<br />

bu dava benzer davalar için <strong>de</strong><br />

emsal teskil <strong>et</strong>m't$ve köylüler, kaptlrdlklan<br />

75 bin liralann üzerine soluk<br />

su içmek zorunda kalmlslar.<br />

Gene <strong>de</strong> vekilleri "helai süt<br />

emmi$" köylüler vardl ve onlar<br />

<strong>de</strong>prem<strong>de</strong>n 10yll sonra ev sahibi 01-<br />

maYI ba$arml$lardl. Ne var ki bu<br />

yolla oturulabilir bir konuta yerlesenlerin<br />

saY1s1çok fazla <strong>de</strong>gildi. Ba-<br />

Y1nduhk Bakam Safa Giray'a verilen<br />

bir brifingte "yapllan konut"<br />

kalemi, "konut ihtiyacI" kaiemin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

daha düsük görünüyordu. Os-<br />

4.10.87<br />

telik, f8POI'da adlgeçen ban konut<br />

türlerinin ne kadanmn gerçek<br />

"konut" 5aY1labileceliise çok tartlsmallydl.<br />

1983Ylhna gelind:~in~~ :'A, " 7'0<br />

mana kadar "Saf saf paralanmzl<br />

kapurdlDlZ, çekin cezamZ1"tutumu<br />

için<strong>de</strong> olan <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in, "büyüklük<br />

ben<strong>de</strong> kalsm" tavnyla köylülere bu<br />

kez kendisinin ev yapma katan verdili<br />

gOrUIUyordu. Köylüleri 8'er<br />

milyon lira borç altIDasokan bu yeni<br />

girisim ise yöre sartlarma uygun<br />

düsmedigi için elestiriliyordu. Aym<br />

zamanda mimar olan ve ara stajlm<br />

<strong>de</strong>prem konusunda yapan Varto<br />

Belediye Baskam Hulki ~ahin'e<br />

göre, yaplmma 1986'da baslanan<br />

yeni evlerin en büyük hatasl, çatlmn<br />

kiremitle kaplanmaslydl. M<strong>et</strong>relerce<br />

kar yalan bir yöre<strong>de</strong>, boyle<br />

bir çatl biriken kan çekemezdi. En<br />

uygun çözüm, çaumn sada kaplanmaslydl.<br />

"Deprem kirisi"nin atIlmamasa<br />

ve temelin 30 cm '<strong>de</strong> blraklImasI<br />

ise Oteki gariplikler arasmda<br />

~ abyordu. Vartolulann mUstakbel<br />

evleriyle ilgili bir b8$ka Sikiy<strong>et</strong>lcti<br />

ise, kanalizasyondu. tki ev<br />

;kOçOt bit çukura bailanm~tl ve<br />

isin garibi Varto Belediyesi'nin vidanjörü<br />

yaktu. Ostelik, Varto Belediyesi'nin<br />

bütçesi müsait olmadlll<br />

için vidanjör ahml da düsünülmUyordu.<br />

Her konuda <strong>de</strong>rtli olan Vartolularm<br />

evlerle ilgili olarak y<strong>et</strong>kililere<br />

ulastlrmak istedikleri bir mesajlan<br />

daha vardl. "Duyduk ki bu bara-<br />

.kalan biz çlkmca Ylkacaklarml$"<br />

diyordu Vartolular, "Söyleyin y<strong>et</strong>kililere,<br />

biz bu barakalan tamir <strong>et</strong>tik,<br />

boyadlk, çürütmedik. 20 sene<br />

<strong>de</strong> için<strong>de</strong> yll$adlk. Bu kadar zamanda<br />

ailelerimiz genisledi nüfusumuz<br />

arttl. Hiç <strong>de</strong>lilse o~ullanmlz otursun<br />

için<strong>de</strong>. Açlkta kalmalanndan<br />

iyidir. Ylkmasmlar. .. Deyin ki y<strong>et</strong>kililere,<br />

aClym Vartolulara, Ylkma-<br />

YIß barakalan."<br />

Varto Kaymakaml Haluk tmga,<br />

Vartolulann bu talebini kendisine<br />

il<strong>et</strong>en Nokt. muhabirine, aym taleplerin<br />

kendisin<strong>de</strong>n geldilini söy-<br />

IOyor, durumu "üst makamlara"<br />

i1<strong>et</strong>tiAini belirtiyordu.<br />

Varto'nun <strong>de</strong>prem<br />

somasl tarihi,<br />

aCllar ve bosa Çlkan<br />

umutlarla dolu<br />

bir tarihti. Varto'da<br />

klrtasiyecilik<br />

yapan Cemal<strong>et</strong>tin<br />

Çelebi söyle öz<strong>et</strong>liyordu<br />

bu tarihi:<br />

"21 Ylldlrgelip gi<strong>de</strong>n<br />

iktidarlar sorunumuzu<br />

yalmzca<br />

politik malzeme<br />

kaynagl olarak<br />

kullandllar. Geçirdi~imiz<br />

felak<strong>et</strong>ten<br />

çlkar sa~layanlardan<br />

hesap<br />

sorulmadl. En aCI-<br />

II günlerimiz<strong>de</strong><br />

yardlm olarak gön<strong>de</strong>rilen <strong>de</strong>mir, çimento<br />

yüklü kamyonlar, Varto'da<br />

yüklerini bosaltmls gibi gösterip<br />

transit geçip gittiler. 0 zamanlar<br />

2.5 lira borç para arayan ki$iler vekil<br />

olarak ortaya çlktllar ve bugün<br />

milyonlarla, milyarlarla oynuyorlar."<br />

Geçmis ya$annl1$, bitmisti. Vartolular<br />

hiç <strong>de</strong>~ilse bundan somaslm<br />

"insan onuruna yakl$an bir<br />

konutta" yasamak istiyorlardl,<br />

ama kafalannda da hiç atamayacaklan<br />

bir <strong>de</strong>rt \'ardl: 5 \'Ih ö<strong>de</strong>mesiz<br />

<strong>de</strong> olsa, 20 YIIva<strong>de</strong>)'le <strong>de</strong> olsa<br />

8 milyonluk borç nasll ö<strong>de</strong>nirdi?<br />

Bir <strong>de</strong> bu <strong>de</strong>rt olmasaydL ..<br />

Ih~~1 urn:cl<br />

87<br />

..


nexta-<br />

SÖYlE~I/CLAUDE WEISZ<br />

Güney, SOi~ ~~Z<br />

beyazper<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

"Dünya slnemasmda en<strong>de</strong>r rastkuuzn,<br />

bellei<strong>de</strong> ömeli hiç olmayan<br />

bir k4iUk. PoUtik, sosyal ve ulusa!<br />

bir mit. Bunu vermellydim filmim<strong>de</strong>.<br />

(j1Jcenlntarihi gelf#mln;n<br />

/çin<strong>de</strong>, onu bütün karmQ$,klil,yla<br />

ortaya koymahyd,m. " 5 Ek/m Palartes/<br />

,linü <strong>Paris</strong> Sinematek 'in<strong>de</strong><br />

illeglisterlmi yap,laeak olan 1 saat<br />

SS dlllciA:llbkbelgese/film;n yön<strong>et</strong>meni<br />

ClllU<strong>de</strong>Weisf.böyle anlat,yoTdu<br />

Jilmlni. We~ 'in sölünü <strong>et</strong>tigi<br />

mit Y,lmat Güney, ülke ise<br />

Türki~' idi.<br />

Sinemayla if ife gefen bir YllianIIn<br />

sonunda üf J'Il linee kansere<br />

y,niA: di4erek sinema dünyàsmdan<br />

aynlan Ylimat Güney, FranslZ<br />

meklelttlfl Welst'in "OM Çirkin<br />

Kral Derlerdi"adh beigesei filmiyle<br />

bir l<strong>et</strong> daha sinemaya dönd~~<br />

Fllmln tamamlilnabilmesi ifin<br />

FrtlllSlt tlleviz,yonu Audiovisuel<br />

EnstItüsü 'nDn VI FranSlt S;nema<br />

Merl<strong>et</strong>f'nln <strong>de</strong>steklerinin sallanmas,<br />

gerekm4, belgeler;n toplanmas"<br />

monta), seslend/rme <strong>de</strong>rken<br />

ik; Ylillk kOfUiturmall1n ardmdan<br />

ÇQ/lfmalarsonuçlanml,~tl. Arna b!1<br />

sonuçaym lamanda biT ba~lang!r-<br />

Il da.<br />

Çünkü, filmin ocak a)'md1<br />

p/)'asaya pkaeak olan v/<strong>de</strong>o kas<strong>et</strong>-<br />

/er/nln satqmdan ei<strong>de</strong> edilecek !J.,-<br />

liin gel/r/erln, Güney'ln mez.anr.a<br />

bir amt dlk/lmesi için avn/aca/ln!<br />

soy/üyordu ell Fatol Güney .. Uusta/a<br />

Ceng/t. Yön<strong>et</strong>men Weisz 'Ii: YI/-<br />

ma: Güney Be/geseli iistiine Nokta<br />

iç;n I!ÖTÜ$tü.<br />

~okta: Yllmaz Güney'le Ilt' zaman<br />

taRl~tlßlz?<br />

Weisz: Ydmaz'l ilk kez 1971 YI-<br />

Imda Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> gördüm. Bir Macar<br />

sinema <strong>de</strong>rgisinin, Türkiye Sinemasl<br />

saYIsma malzeme toplamak<br />

için Türkiye'ye gelen bir Maear arkada$lmla<br />

birlikte. "Umut"u yeni<br />

tamamlaml$tl 0 malarda Yllmaz.<br />

o filmi bir yd sonra Avrupa'da görcbildim<br />

aneak. Bu benim seyr<strong>et</strong>tiglm<br />

ilk Türk filmiydi. Daha Sonra<br />

iü/1( sinemaslyla i1gili olarak hep<br />

otton filmlerini izledim. Sürü, 1'01,<br />

Duvoar gibi. Bunlann için<strong>de</strong> en çok<br />

sevdilim Sürü oldu. Zamanda ve<br />

mekânda masahmsl bir yolculuktu<br />

o.<br />

Nokta: Filmi hazlrlarken nasll<br />

bir yöntem izlediniz?<br />

Weisz: Bu film çok çe$itli $ekiller<strong>de</strong><br />

yapllabilirdi. Çe~itli ki~ileri YIImaz<br />

üzerine konu$turarak bir iZknim<br />

filmi gerçek\e$tirebilirdim, veya<br />

kronolojik bir malamayla anlatabilirdim<br />

Yllmaz'1. Bu ikisini <strong>de</strong><br />

yapmak istemedim. Yllmaz'l kay-<br />

88<br />

'')l'i:' C T',errla görüntülerinin için--<br />

dl'n ç!l(l\rtarak, ki~iligini ortaya<br />

'


, .<br />

11.10.87<br />

I~Hasankeyfkurtardabilir"<br />

Ankara On/venuesi Dil, Tanh,<br />

Cografya Fakliltesi Arkeoloji ve<br />

Sanat Tarihi Bölüm Balkam<br />

Prof. Dr. OIUI Ank 'm btqkanb-<br />

'mda 1985 y,'mda btqlayan araltlrmalar<br />

aral,kl, olarak sürdürülüyor.<br />

Prof. Arrk, Hasankeyf Ile<br />

ilgili görül ve önerilerini iöyle dile<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irdi:<br />

"GAP'm II: projesi olan Ihsu<br />

Barajl yatmm projesi olarak OPT<br />

tarafmdan onaylanml~ durumda.<br />

çah~malanmlzl ve önerilerimizi<br />

bir rapor <strong>et</strong>rafmdan toplayarak<br />

DPT'ye sunacallz. Barajm mutiaka<br />

Ihsu'da yapllmasl gerekiyorsa,<br />

bent bölOmün<strong>de</strong> kot dO$ürOlerek<br />

Hasankeyrin sular altmda<br />

kalmasl önlenebilir.<br />

Hasankeyf, Suriye kültür çevresi<br />

ile tran-Asya me<strong>de</strong>niy<strong>et</strong> çevresinin<br />

bulu~tugu bir istasyondur.<br />

Gerek Suriye, gerekse tran ve diger<br />

tç Asya topluluklanna özgü<br />

mimarhk kültOrünün, burada birbirine<br />

kayna~tlrma <strong>de</strong>nemesini bir<br />

laboratuvar canhhgl He görebilmekteyiz.<br />

Su' probleminin çözümü için<br />

kayalann oyularak yaratlldlAtteknolojik<br />

harikalar vardlr. Koç Camii,<br />

Süleyman Camii, Ulu Camii<br />

gibi, bugUn bir klsml toprak UstUn<strong>de</strong>"ve<br />

bezemeleri görOlebHen<br />

kalmttlardan anl8$ddllma gOre,<br />

Artuklar ve Eyyubiler zamamnda<br />

da' çok zengin, müzik, felsefe,<br />

minyatür hatta matematik, fizik<br />

çah~malan yapdan bu bölge<strong>de</strong>,<br />

günümUze kalan eserler çok ilgi<br />

çekici bir çe~itlilige sahiptir. Akkoyunlular<br />

da bu zenginligi <strong>de</strong>vam<br />

<strong>et</strong>tirmi~, gOrkemli Diele peysajma<br />

kar~J sahip semtlerine eklemi~lerdir.<br />

Onlardan kalan Zeynel<br />

Bey Türbesi, bugOn Semerkant<br />

Oslubunda Anadolu'da bilinen<br />

tek Ornektir.<br />

BOyle tarihi zenginlikler,<br />

800-1000 }'llda meydana gelir ama<br />

bu barajm ekonomik OmrO70 yddir,<br />

sonra çamur dolar. 70 }'llhk<br />

bir kâr için geçmi~imiz<strong>de</strong>ki tOm<br />

maziyi sOpOrOpatmak me<strong>de</strong>niy<strong>et</strong>e<br />

yak1$maz. Burasl bin yddu duruyor,<br />

sular altmda kalmaz ise<br />

belki Oç bin }'ll daha duracak."<br />

'{<br />

\ .<br />

BIR TARIH H'AZiNESi: HASANKEYF<br />

SI,n, yllbk tarih<br />

sul,Clr,'altlnda.~•.<br />

. .<br />

M ;'<br />

. Cizre'ye uzanan karayolu<br />

ardin'e baAh Hasankeyf<br />

, . bucaAmm yakla$lk 1000 ytlhk<br />

bir tarihi var. Diyarbaku'dan<br />

Üzerin<strong>de</strong> Mindin ile Siirt illerine Slmr çizen<br />

Diele Irmall klYlsma kurulu bu bueak,<br />

eIer önlem ahnmazsa ebediyyen<br />

kaybedileeek. GAP'm Il 'inei projesi olan<br />

Ihsu Barajl tamamlandlAmda 0 koea<br />

tarihin bütün izlerini ta$lyan belki <strong>de</strong><br />

dünyanm en önemli tarih hazinererin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

biri olan Hasankeyf, sular altmda kalaeak.<br />

Ama bu kaçlmlmaz olan tek son <strong>de</strong>li!.<br />

Hasankèyf'i kurtarmak da mümkün. Y<strong>et</strong>er<br />

ki istensin ve bu evrensel <strong>de</strong>Aerin farkma<br />

vanlsm .


WIENER ZEll~L~, 15.1U.~~~J<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n bekennen sich zur Verschleppung<br />

Irak: Italiener entführt<br />

N i k 0 S i a - Ein Sprecher <strong>de</strong>r "Patriotischen Uni-<br />

Ion Kurdistans" (PUK) unter JaIaI TaIabani hat am<br />

Dienstag bestätigt. daß kurdische Freischärler im<br />

Tr~!


,<br />

•<br />

Der Tagesspiegel, 15.10.1987<br />

Weiisäckef~warÎ1t die'~ürkei,NOr ,<br />

, <strong>de</strong>n Géffthrè,i i<strong>de</strong>r Inidit'ràôZ'::':<br />

" Re<strong>de</strong> b<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>r Entgegfl!nnahlne ~ ~tàtürk.~ ID~<br />

Aaku.' (AP). B~esp~bidëz;t ,YOn Weiz ••<br />

lIcker bat die U1rkische Realenma ermahnt,<br />

• .". • .•• •• ', I .•.• '........ •• , •• -. -. •<br />

<strong>de</strong>n wei im- Demokratie f~rtzuse~n. die<br />

Meuc:benrec:hte zu achten JIJld, ~~r~z ge:.<br />

aenGber ~eiï~lpaèihën, zu (Iben.,<br />

Bei <strong>de</strong>r lestrigen Entgegennahme <strong>de</strong>s Interna-.<br />

tionaleD AlaU1rIt.Frie<strong>de</strong>nspreIses im. Opernhaua<br />

von Ankara lußerte <strong>de</strong>r Bun<strong>de</strong>sprllsi<strong>de</strong>nt zu.<br />

gleiCh '<strong>de</strong>n wunSch. 'daß es <strong>de</strong>r Türkei un,~<br />

GriecheDland gelingen möge, wie<strong>de</strong>r zu eine,m<br />

gutD8chbarllchen Verhältnis <strong>de</strong>r Verständigung<br />

und <strong>de</strong>s Vertrauens zu fin<strong>de</strong>n. Es komme primllr<br />

darauf an. <strong>de</strong>n an<strong>de</strong>ren zu verstehen. ihn nicht<br />

zu proVozieren. seine Schwächen nicht auszu.<br />

nutzen. IOn<strong>de</strong>m emsthaft die gute Nachbar.<br />

schaft zu sUchen.<br />

'"''<br />

Weïzsaèker bescheinigte <strong>de</strong>m bel <strong>de</strong>r Verlei.<br />

hung anwesen<strong>de</strong>n t(lrk.ischen Staatspräsi<strong>de</strong>nten<br />

Evren. <strong>de</strong>n Zeitplan für die Rückkehr zur<br />

Demokratie eingehalten zu haben. Der erzielte<br />

politische und wirtschaftliche Fortschritt erfliUe<br />

ihn mit Respekt. ' ' , I .~,<br />

Ohne '<strong>de</strong>n Konflikt zwischen T(lrken wid<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n direkt beim Namen zu nennen, llu8erte'<br />

Weizsllcker Verständnis für Sorgen vor Belitre-'<br />

bungen, die gegen die Integrität <strong>de</strong>r türkischen<br />

Nation gericht<strong>et</strong> seien. Zum inneren Frie<strong>de</strong>n<br />

einer Nation gehöre das durch Toleranz und<br />

gegenseitigen Respekt geprägte Zusammen- Der tIlrldache PrbI<strong>de</strong>ot Ilvren "eaipflDi '<br />

leben ihrer verschie<strong>de</strong>nen Volks- und Glaub:DS- AnkaraBun<strong>de</strong>Çrla1<strong>de</strong>Dt 'VOll W~udcker.<br />

___f,grtse.mmg Sei~ 7, Spalte I ~c!2 -=-" ",,.:,t'£',<br />

.,Weizsäëkererlii~lt!AfâfUrii~FlèiS ,','<br />

!.yo '.t".'~' .;-.... ". "'~., .<br />

Forts<strong>et</strong>zung von Seite l " ,. '; geben wer<strong>de</strong>. Mit <strong>de</strong>r' an<strong>de</strong>ren Hlllfte' wolle e<br />

16.10.1987<br />

Evren bedauert Kritik<br />

an We~cker in <strong>de</strong>r Türkei<br />

AuJWa' (dpa)...Der ti1rk.ischeS~tspriai<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

1:'...... " ,. • ••.• _ • _'.<br />

L~~ nesselLonunenW-e %Ur Keefe-Bun<strong>de</strong>spr~<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Welzsllckeryellußert, die dieser llJII<br />

Xortag bei, <strong>de</strong>r Verleihung <strong>de</strong>s Atatùrk-Friedcnspreises<br />

gehalten hatte, Evren sagte. diese<br />

~richte beruhten offensichtlich au! ungenG.<br />

gen<strong>de</strong>r Infol'lDa,tion.Er bestritt auch, daB el<br />

Weizsäcker um An<strong>de</strong>rungen in seiner Re<strong>de</strong>'<br />

geb<strong>et</strong>en habe. Ein solcher Eingriff sei w.dé.<br />

möglich noch mit <strong>de</strong>r internationalen Etik<strong>et</strong>te<br />

vereinbar.<br />

,,:'<br />

, Die k.onservative Zeitung .TerCüman' uDd CÙe,<br />

liberale .Milliy<strong>et</strong>' hattenbericht<strong>et</strong>, du tilrkllche'<br />

AußenminIsterium iei "unzufrie<strong>de</strong>n 'mit Cler,<br />

Re<strong>de</strong> gewesen. selbst nach<strong>de</strong>m aie .aid BlUea<br />

abgemil<strong>de</strong>rt wur<strong>de</strong>'. Insbeson<strong>de</strong>re Xuaerw.u<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Bwi<strong>de</strong>spräsl<strong>de</strong>nten über die Mensdié ..<br />

rechte und, aber c:\ie BerGcksichtigUng <strong>et</strong>Jmi.'<br />

aclier Min<strong>de</strong>rheiten hitten führen<strong>de</strong> PoUtiba<br />

<strong>de</strong>r, T~:~timmt, hieß es. ""<br />

'.TaktiolfàJtelt bei ~er Preisverleihung" laut<strong>et</strong>e '<br />

c:\ieSchlagZeiIe von .Terc(lman°. .Milliy<strong>et</strong>~ sah<br />

eine .;tilrkisch-<strong>de</strong>utlChe Abknh1ungO, ,<br />

Die KriUk e~~iind<strong>et</strong>e "lieh vor' àllem an<br />

Welzsllckers Erklllnmg, daß eine Demokratie<br />

,durch menschliche und <strong>de</strong>r Verfassung entsprechen<strong>de</strong><br />

Behandlung von Untersuchungshäftlill:-'<br />

gen o<strong>de</strong>r Gefangenen beweisen müsse. was sie<br />

wert sei, Weiter wur<strong>de</strong> die Feststellung bemängelt,<br />

wonach die Koexistenz <strong>de</strong>r verschie<strong>de</strong>nen<br />

<strong>et</strong>hnlschen und sozialen Gruppen auf <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Gnmdlage <strong>de</strong>r Toleranz und <strong>de</strong>s wechselseitigen<br />

Respekts für die Harmonie im Staat<br />

erfor<strong>de</strong>rlich leI. Dies war eine offenkundiae,<br />

Anspielung au! das Kurd~nproblem.<br />

10.10.1987<br />

Irak soll erneut chemische<br />

- Waffen einges<strong>et</strong>zt haben,<br />

Manama (Reuter). Irak soll nach Iranischen<br />

Angaben im' Golfkrieg emeut chemische Waffen<br />

einges<strong>et</strong>zt haben. Radio Teheran meld<strong>et</strong>e:<br />

gestern. in <strong>de</strong>r Nähe 'von Sumar am nördlichen.<br />

Frontabschnitt selen dabei am Donnerstag rund<br />

100 Menschen g<strong>et</strong>ôt<strong>et</strong> und zahlreiche weitere<br />

Personen verl<strong>et</strong>zt wor<strong>de</strong>n. Der iranische<br />

AuBenminlster Velayati habe eine Botschaft an<br />

gruppen, allerdings' nicht weniger Treueni ein Forschimgsprojekt <strong>de</strong>r, Universität Ankar<br />

Recht und Verfassung <strong>de</strong>s eigenen Staates.' unterstützen. das sich mit <strong>de</strong>n gelstlg-ku1turel<br />

Demokratie müsse sich bewähren, wenn es len und wissenschaftlichen Verbindungen <strong>de</strong><br />

um eine rechtsstaatliche und menschenwürdige Türkei mit <strong>de</strong>m Westen nach <strong>de</strong>m Zweiten<br />

Behandlung von Gefangenen in <strong>de</strong>r Untersuchungshaft<br />

Weltkrieg befasse. " . ',,'<br />

und im Strafvollzug gehe. b<strong>et</strong>onte Vi I d '_1...1 '~ .<br />

,- D' 1...:'<br />

Weizsäc..er. ' le ......,tische 5ympa thi. 'e <strong>de</strong>r -


•<br />

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 26.10.1987, S.7<br />

"Schmutziger Krieg" in Kurdistan<br />

()hosphorbombcn auf Dörfer I Umsicdlungcn I Von Wolfgang Günter Lerch<br />

FRANKFURT. 25. Oktober. In <strong>de</strong>r<br />

:ir.akischen Führung wird schon seit einiger<br />

-Zeit darüber gestritten. wie man auf <strong>de</strong>m<br />

: Nebenschauplatz <strong>de</strong>s GollKrieges. in Kur-<br />

;distan. <strong>de</strong>n Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand <strong>de</strong>r bewaffn<strong>et</strong>en<br />

"Kur<strong>de</strong>n am erfolgreichsten brechen könne.<br />

Seit Anfang Mai dieses Jahres verfolgt die<br />

_irakische Annee im Nordosten <strong>de</strong>s lan<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

wie Exil-Kur<strong>de</strong>n berichten. eine Taktik <strong>de</strong>r<br />

':verbrannten Er<strong>de</strong>~. Zentrum dieser Aktionen<br />

sei das Gebi<strong>et</strong> um Sulaimanija östlich<br />

-yon Mossul. Sulaimanija ist eine Hochburg<br />

:<strong>de</strong>r Anhänger Dschalal Talabanis. <strong>de</strong>s<br />

i Führers <strong>de</strong>r linksgericht<strong>et</strong>en Patriotischen<br />

: Union Kurdistans (PUK). die sich zusam-<br />

: men mit <strong>de</strong>n cher konservativen Barzanij<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n auf die Seite Teherans geschlagen<br />

; hat. Die irakische Annee hat im Sommer<br />

. schwere Angriffe gegen kurdische Dörfer in<br />

<strong>de</strong>r gebirgigen Region gericht<strong>et</strong> und dabei<br />

• offenbar auch Phosphorbomben einges<strong>et</strong>zt.<br />

. Hun<strong>de</strong>rte von Dörfern entlang <strong>de</strong>r größeren<br />

Straßen scien ,.ausgelöscht" und ..aus-<br />

-radiert" wor<strong>de</strong>n. heißt es von kurdischer<br />

Seite. Was die Waffen nicht geschafft<br />

-hätten. habe man mit Bulldozem besorgt.<br />

Talabani war noch bis vor zwei Jahren<br />

ein Gegner Chomeinis gewesen. hatte dann<br />

"jedoch die Fronten gewechselt. Im Oktober<br />

1986 kam es zur ersten gemeinsamen<br />

Aktion von ir.mischen Revolutionseardisten<br />

und Talabani-Kur<strong>de</strong>n gegen irakische<br />

Öleinrichtungen bei Kirkuk. Im Frühjahr<br />

dann beschloß Baedad. einen schärferen<br />

Kurs zu steuern. - Svstematisch wur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

kurdische Dörfer entvÖlkert. die Bewohner<br />

..umgesie<strong>de</strong>lt... Nach Angaben irakischer<br />

-Kur<strong>de</strong>n leben heute kurdische Dorfbewoh-<br />

-ner in einem umfangreichen Lager zwischen<br />

Mossul und Erbil. An<strong>de</strong>re Dörner<br />

habe man jedoch an das an<strong>de</strong>re En<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Irak verschleppt. in die Wüstengebi<strong>et</strong>e nahe<br />

<strong>de</strong>r jordanischen o<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r sau~:ar"bischen<br />

Grenze. Die schweren Angriffe auf Dörfer<br />

hütten das Ziel gehabt. die Kur<strong>de</strong>n von<br />

ihren Wohnsitzen zu vertreiben.<br />

Allerdings hat sich <strong>de</strong>r Wi<strong>de</strong>rstand<br />

kurdischer Gruppen eher noch verschärft.<br />

Die französische Tageszeitung ..le Mon<strong>de</strong>"<br />

bericht<strong>et</strong>e unlängst. die Regierung in<br />

Bagdad habe <strong>de</strong>shalb sogar Einheiten <strong>de</strong>r<br />

persönlichen Gar<strong>de</strong> Saddam Husseins in,<br />

das Kur<strong>de</strong>n-Gebi<strong>et</strong> schicken müssen. Dies<br />

habe zu einer vorübergehen<strong>de</strong>n Schwächung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Sicherheit Bagdads beig<strong>et</strong>ragen;<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n hätten dort Anschläge begangen.<br />

die mun zunächst <strong>de</strong>r fundamentalistischen<br />

-Da'wa-partei angelast<strong>et</strong> habe.<br />

Wi<strong>de</strong>rspruch gegen das brutale Vorgehen<br />

<strong>de</strong>r ir.akischen Armee kam schließlich von<br />

ln<strong>et</strong> Ibrclhim. <strong>de</strong>m Stellvertr<strong>et</strong>er Saddam<br />

Husscins. Mitglied im Revolutionären<br />

Kommandorat. Man müsse ..menschlichere"<br />

Fonnen <strong>de</strong>s Kampfes mit <strong>de</strong>r Patriotischen<br />

Union Kurdistans und an<strong>de</strong>ren<br />

Peschmerga-Gruppen lin<strong>de</strong>n. sagte Ibrahim.<br />

Nach bisher unbestätigten Meldungen<br />

soll <strong>de</strong>r Urheber jener Taktik <strong>de</strong>r _verbrannten<br />

Er<strong>de</strong>" (die übrigens schon früher<br />

gegen die Kur<strong>de</strong>n angewend<strong>et</strong> wur<strong>de</strong>)<br />

seines Amtes enthoben wor<strong>de</strong>n sein. Es<br />

han<strong>de</strong>le sich um einen Cousin <strong>de</strong>s Präsi<strong>de</strong>nten.<br />

Ali Hassan al Madschid.<br />

Verelichen mit <strong>de</strong>r Situation in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Türkei. in Syrien o<strong>de</strong>r in Iran. genießen die<br />

irakischen Kur<strong>de</strong>n seit Einrichtung <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Regionalparlaments im Jahre 1980 mehr<br />

Rcchte und Freiheiten als sonst irgendwo.<br />

Sie können ihre Sprache sprechen und in<br />

ihr publizieren. es gibt kurdische Schulen<br />

und Hochschulen. Allerdings verhin<strong>de</strong>rt.<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Druck <strong>de</strong>r Zentr.alregierung in Bagdad.\<br />

eine wirkliche Autonomie: auf lange Sicht.<br />

so sagen Kur<strong>de</strong>n-Vertr<strong>et</strong>er, sei eben doch I<br />

an eine Assimilierune <strong>de</strong>s kurdischen<br />

Volkes an die arabischë Mehrheit gedacht. :<br />

5.14<br />

(len-or gegeit ~ltt'bel.<br />

wgl. Die jüngsten Ereignisse im<br />

Persischen Golf haben fast in Vergessenheit<br />

geraten lassen. daß <strong>de</strong>r Krieg<br />

zwischen <strong>de</strong>m Irak und (r.ln Nebenschauplätze<br />

hat. auf <strong>de</strong>nel) erbittert.<br />

gekämpft wird. Einer davon ist das<br />

wil<strong>de</strong> Kurdistan im Nor<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>s Irak.<br />

Die auf ihre Freiheit bedachten Kur<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

- für alle Herrscher <strong>de</strong>r Region seit drei.<br />

Jahrtausen<strong>de</strong>n ein Problem - wollen <strong>de</strong>n<br />

historischen kampf zwischen arabischen<br />

Nationalisten und islamischen Visionä.' If.<br />

ren zu ihren Gunsteri ausnutzen. Sie<br />

glauben. daß <strong>de</strong>r Perser Chomeini am<br />

längeren Hebel sitze und ihnen beim<br />

Sturz <strong>de</strong>s verhaßten Baath-Reeimes<br />

helfen könne. Im Irak haben die K~r<strong>de</strong>n .<br />

mehr Rechte als an<strong>de</strong>rswo; warum also<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Haß auf die Zentralregierung in<br />

Bagdad? Nirgendwa sind die Regie-.<br />

rungstruppen so scharf gegen Kur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

vorgegangen wie im Irclk. selbst in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Türkei nicht. Allein in <strong>de</strong>n vergangènen<br />

Monaten wur<strong>de</strong>n wie<strong>de</strong>r einmal Tausen<strong>de</strong><br />

von Kur<strong>de</strong>n in Wüstengebi<strong>et</strong>e .<br />

umgesie<strong>de</strong>lt. auf ihre Dörfer fielen<br />

Phosphor-Bomben. Der Terror war so<br />

stark. daß selbst Mitglie<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r Baath-<br />

Führung am Tigris <strong>de</strong>m Mor<strong>de</strong>n nicht<br />

läQger zusehen wollten und nach-<br />

..menschlicheren" M<strong>et</strong>ho<strong>de</strong>n riefen.<br />

Doch an sie zu glauben. fällt <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n schwer.



':-~" ...<br />

'"<br />

J:)KTOBER 1987 '".<br />

;,<br />

\ '<br />

VIE CUL~ELLE<br />

""'1<br />

It.<br />

'"<br />

DER AUTOR:<br />

Zuhdl A1-Dahoodl, 1940 in Tuz, Irak. geboren.<br />

1961-63 Grundschullehrer in<br />

Irak, 1967-: 72 Studium an <strong>de</strong>r Fakultät'<br />

für Phllos~ptûe und Geschichtswissenschaft<br />

an • Universität leipzig. 1976<br />

Promotion zum Or. phil. lehrtätigkeit an<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Unlv*rattäten Mousul, Irak. Benghazi,<br />

libyen 'unSf heute in leipzig. Zahlrelchtt~Ver9ffentlichungen.<br />

darunter .Der<br />

0,..,. Er2lhlungen.. 1962. .Ein Mann<br />

übtten. ~dman. 1914.' .Die Litlen. die<br />

nicht sterben, Erzählungen- 1978 und<br />

.Rückkehr in <strong>de</strong>n Schatten, Roman.<br />

1987. .,,'<br />

, , '\Î"<br />

KURZTEXT:<br />

Die Geschichte eines alten Volkes, das<br />

sich seit mehr als fünfhun<strong>de</strong>rt Jahren<br />

verzweifelt gegen frem<strong>de</strong> Beherrschung<br />

wehrt. fundie~t und cr:1e Polemik, aber<br />

mit politischer B-!sam: \'I)n einem B<strong>et</strong>roffenen<br />

erzählt.<br />

ZIELGRUPPE:<br />

FOr alle, die an <strong>de</strong>r Geschichte und Kultur<br />

dieses Volkes im Nahen Osten interessiert<br />

sl"


..<br />

••<br />

24.10.1987<br />

Amnesty international<br />

la Sèllli:l.lIC: ÙU flfisunnier d'opillion<br />

Recep Marasll (Turquie)<br />

Recep Marasll, <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, a 6t6 condamn6 &\ un total <strong>de</strong><br />

trente-six ans <strong>de</strong> prison, pour ses livres lur la mlnorlt6<br />

k!!r<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Turquie, pour • actlvlt6. s6paratlstes., <strong>et</strong><br />

pour la d6fense qu'II a pr6sent6e <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal.<br />

la communauté <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

compte environ huit millions<br />

d'individus en Turquie, mais<br />

elle n'est pas officiellement reconnue.<br />

Elle ne peut donc bénéficier<br />

d'une i<strong>de</strong>ntité cultu--<br />

relie distincte, <strong>et</strong> l'usage public<br />

<strong>de</strong> la langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est<br />

interdit.<br />

Recep Marasli, éditeur, Agé<br />

<strong>de</strong> trente <strong>et</strong> un ans. a commencé<br />

sa carrière en 1975 aux<br />

éditions Komal, spécialisées<br />

dans les livres sur "histoire, la<br />

culture <strong>et</strong> la situation actuelle<br />

<strong>de</strong> la minorité <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en Turquie.<br />

En 1979, après avoir été,<br />

l'année précé<strong>de</strong>nte. arrêté <strong>et</strong><br />

détenu huit mois pour ses activités<br />

professionnelles, il a<br />

ach<strong>et</strong>é les éditions Kamal. En<br />

1980, après l'instauration <strong>de</strong> la<br />

loi martiale, c<strong>et</strong>te entreprise a<br />

été fermée.<br />

De nouveau arrêté en janvier<br />

1982. Il a, <strong>de</strong>puis, été reconnu<br />

coupable par différents<br />

tribunaux militaires d'Istambul<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir pour les mo-<br />

AGENCE<br />

FRANCE<br />

tifs suivants: «Aff.lbll ••• -<br />

m.nt du .. ntlm.nt n<strong>et</strong>lonel .,<br />

«In.ult. • I. .t<strong>et</strong>ure morel.<br />

<strong>de</strong> le Gren<strong>de</strong> •••• mbfée n<strong>et</strong>lonele<br />

.t d.. forces d. .,-<br />

curlt'.t «In.ulte • le mémoire<br />

d'At.turk., -Inclt<strong>et</strong>lon<br />

.u "per<strong>et</strong>l.me IO, <strong>et</strong> - t.nt<strong>et</strong>lv.<br />

d. cr6<strong>et</strong>lon d'un tut Ind6pen<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

.ur <strong>de</strong>s territoire.<br />

•• trouvent ,ou, le .ouvereln<strong>et</strong>'<br />

d. l'tt<strong>et</strong> turc., <strong>et</strong> condamné<br />

è un total <strong>de</strong> trente-sIx<br />

ans, à effectuer consécutivement.<br />

Toutes ces décisions<br />

ont été confirmées en appel<br />

par la cour militaire.<br />

Recep Marasli fait partiR <strong>de</strong>"<br />

48 000 prisonniers politiques<br />

<strong>et</strong> plus qui ont été condamnés<br />

à l'issue <strong>de</strong> - procès inéquitables<br />

par <strong>de</strong>s tribunaux militaires<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis l'instauration <strong>de</strong> la<br />

loi martiale en Turquie. fi a fait<br />

plusieurs fois la grève <strong>de</strong> la<br />

faim <strong>et</strong> serait mala<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Ëcrire une l<strong>et</strong>tre courtoise<br />

<strong>de</strong>mandant la libération immé-<br />

PRESSE<br />

diate <strong>et</strong> sans condition <strong>de</strong> Recep<br />

Marasti, à l'adresse suivante:<br />

Son Excellence Turgut Ozal<br />

Premier ministre<br />

Basbakanlik<br />

Ankara<br />

Turquie.<br />

04.11.1987<br />

COMPLAINTE ~ Une c:lnquantaln.<br />

<strong>de</strong> mlUiinta du Front<br />

<strong>de</strong> hbération nationale du Kurdistan<br />

ont occupé hier matin les locaux <strong>de</strong><br />

l'agence <strong>de</strong> presse ouest-aUeman<strong>de</strong><br />

DPA à <strong>Paris</strong>. Les occupants <strong>de</strong>mandaient<br />

au gouvernement ouest-aUemand<br />

<strong>de</strong> leur restituer 700000 marks<br />

qUi auralenl été saisis aux domiciles <strong>de</strong><br />

plu;leurs nationalistes <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s au cours<br />

d'une ;éne <strong>de</strong> perquisitions opérées en<br />

JUill<strong>et</strong><strong>de</strong>rmer en RFA. Ils ont quitté les<br />

lieux 'àns réSlStan~e à 17h45.<br />

03.11.1987<br />

urQuie-franc~-justice<br />

'accusation reCQUlert l'acQuittement pour l@ GUld@ francais accusè d@<br />

;opaGan<strong>de</strong> pro-arm~nlenne <strong>et</strong> pro-~r<strong>de</strong><br />

ANKARA. 3 nov (AFP) - Le procureur ~ Cour <strong>de</strong> sOrelè d@ l'Elat <strong>de</strong><br />

mardI. faule <strong>de</strong> ~reuves<br />

is Michel Caramlnot. accusé<br />

lalionau)


..<br />

LE MIDI LIBRE 04.11.1987<br />

«MÉDECfNS DU MONDE»<br />

Patrick Faure, interne en orthopédie à l'hôpital Lapeyronie<br />

rentre d'une mIssIon médicale à la frontière Iran-Irak, 1/ n'a<br />

qu'un espoir, r<strong>et</strong>ourner très vIte prodIguer <strong>de</strong>s soins aux combattants.<br />

C<br />

ETTE mission, la premiére,<br />

le jeune mé<strong>de</strong>cin l'at.<br />

tendait <strong>et</strong> c'est sur ses<br />

congé. annuels qu'il a passé un<br />

mois, du quinze juoll<strong>et</strong> au quinze<br />

août ~ns un hôpital <strong>de</strong> campagne<br />

biti dan. un no man'. land<br />

ou .'e.t installé le cDaftan.<br />

quartier général du P.D.K I.<br />

(Parti démocratique Kurd-Iranien)<br />

que dirige le secrétaire général<br />

I. docteur Gha.semlou.<br />

Autour <strong>de</strong> cas structures <strong>de</strong> fortune,<br />

les populations civiles réfugiées<br />

seS(lnt amassées. Trois,<br />

voire quatm intervention. oar<br />

Jour, parfais lour<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>s<br />

con.ultation. pour les co~bat.<br />

tant •• t1es civils, ec'e.,durmllis<br />

c'est pIIssionnllnt <strong>et</strong> III vie reste<br />

.upportllblE. grlce Arhospitillitti<br />

.t Ii III geRltillll... <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong> ..<br />

.xpliqu. Patrick Faur •. ReIte<br />

que les .oldats ont cinq ou six<br />

jours <strong>de</strong> marche avant d'aneindre<br />

l'hôpital, <strong>et</strong> que certains, en<br />

particuli.r ceux touchés au ven.<br />

tre, m.urent en route.<br />

"""rer u_<br />

fonnlltion<br />

C'est par un. équipe <strong>de</strong> Marseille<br />

que Patrick Faure <strong>de</strong> cMé<strong>de</strong>cins<br />

du Mon<strong>de</strong>l a éttcontacté,<br />

C<strong>et</strong> hôpital, créé par<br />

l'Association .n 1985, il en<br />

connaissait l'existence <strong>et</strong> savait'<br />

qu'il fonctionnait en continu<br />

avec une équipe <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ou trois<br />

mé<strong>de</strong>cins par mois, assistés <strong>de</strong><br />

~rsonnel médical <strong>et</strong> para-mé.<br />

öicalla plupart du temps formé<br />

lur place. ell est indispensable<br />

poursuit Patrick Faure d'assurer<br />

une formlltion parmi les populations,<br />

qui IIpprécient c<strong>et</strong>te actionl.<br />

AGENCE<br />

Des Kur<strong>de</strong>., <strong>de</strong>venu. ses<br />

amis, Il parte avec fougue <strong>et</strong> r.<br />

fait un peu "historique <strong>de</strong> ce<br />

peuple opprim6 ....... lOlöa la<br />

domin<strong>et</strong>ion perse au Ve .i6c1e <strong>et</strong><br />

arabe 6 pertir du XVIIe, ils ont<br />

enluite subi le joug ottom.n,<br />

AprH le premi«e guerre mondi.le<br />

l'empire <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est démant.lé<br />

<strong>et</strong> rattaché aux nouveaux<br />

pays, la Turquie, la Syrie, l'Irak<br />

<strong>et</strong> l'Irlln.<br />

euur probltime c'est qu'ils ne<br />

sont ecceptés nulle part, parce<br />

qu'ils veulent Itre reconnus.<br />

part entière IIvec toutes leurs<br />

specificitèsl.<br />

En 1947. ils fon<strong>de</strong>nt le P.D.K.I.<br />

d'Iran, pour obtenir leur indé.<br />

pendance tout en continuant 6<br />

se battre .• C'était sous le régne<br />

du Shah Mohamed Palavi •. En<br />

1978. l'avatollah Khomeini leur<br />

fait <strong>de</strong>s promesses, notamment<br />

au niveau <strong>de</strong> leur autonomie,<br />

aussi les Kur<strong>de</strong>s font.ils partie<br />

<strong>de</strong>s opposants du régime.<br />

Quand Khomeoni prend le pouvoir,<br />

un an aprés, il fait fi <strong>de</strong> ses<br />

engagements <strong>et</strong> lance sa milice'<br />

qui massacre 10.000 femmes <strong>et</strong><br />

enfants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. Depuis I.s<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s résostent <strong>et</strong> se banent<br />

contre l'irrésistible avatollah.<br />

G.rd.,r••polr<br />

le P.D.K.!. quidisoosed. plus<br />

<strong>de</strong> quinze mille .PeshmergaSl<br />

ou combattants qui vont au-<strong>de</strong>vant<br />

<strong>de</strong> la mort mène une guerrilla<br />

sans merci contre les forces<br />

iraniennes, au point <strong>de</strong> paralvser<br />

250 000 soldats! A leur tête un<br />

FRi\NCE<br />

05.11.1987<br />

ancien profésseur <strong>de</strong> Scienc ••<br />

Politiques, qui. fait _ étu<strong>de</strong>s 6<br />

Prague, le docteur Gh .. semlou.<br />

C. chef, vénéré par ses<br />

hommes, pour.uit un double<br />

objectif, l'autonomi. <strong>et</strong> la reo<br />

connaissance du peuple <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

au sein d'un Iran démocratique.<br />

eOéj. ajoute le Mé<strong>de</strong>con du<br />

Mon<strong>de</strong>, un mouvement est né,<br />

composé d'Iraniens non Kur<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

qui se sont joinrs IIU P.O.K.I., en<br />

qui ils m<strong>et</strong>tent tout leur espoir.<br />

Un espoir que /e docteur Gh8S'<br />

semlou entr<strong>et</strong>ient IIvec une<br />

énergie SBnsfaillll •.<br />

l.s Méd.cins du Mon<strong>de</strong> qui<br />

n. peuvent ignorer ta .ituation,<br />

.. nt 16 oour former


REFORME<br />

14. 11. 1987<br />

L<strong>et</strong>tre ouverte<br />

~u Prési<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

D" 1 I.<br />

<strong>de</strong> Iâ "'~p~u"~~_<br />

I )an~ le Coumer<strong>de</strong> l'ACAT (


...<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE 23.11.1987<br />

Iran-Irak ~rev-flt1<br />

Offensives danc: 1.. K" ... ,nC:+'ln irakien <strong>et</strong> m.... ";I;


AGENCE FR~NCE PRESSE<br />

23.11.1907<br />

Irak-Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

L'UPK accuse les Irakiens d'avoir exécuté plus <strong>de</strong> 200 Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

PARIS, 23 nov (AFP) - Plus <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux cents habitants <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>de</strong> la localité<br />

<strong>de</strong> Tchiman, ~ 15 km ~ l'est <strong>de</strong> Kirkouk, au Kurdistan irakien, ont été<br />

exécutés, le 20 novembre, par l'armée irakienne, a affirmé, lundi ~ <strong>Paris</strong>, un<br />

porte-parole <strong>de</strong> l'Union PatriotiQue du Kurdistan irakien (UPK).<br />

Le porte-parole du mouvement <strong>de</strong> Jalal Talabani, allié <strong>de</strong> l'Iran, a déclaré<br />

à l'AFP Qlje les victimes, "essentiellement <strong>de</strong>s femmes, <strong>de</strong>s enfants <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

vieillat~ds", avaient "t-'I?fuséd'èvacuer leurs mais.,ns <strong>et</strong> d'~tre dèportées vers<br />

le sud <strong>de</strong> l'Irak".<br />

Il a aussi accusè les forces irakiennes d'avoir ensuite "rasè" la p<strong>et</strong>ite<br />

v~lle <strong>de</strong> Tchiman, où vivaient plus <strong>de</strong> 5.000 personnes.<br />

L'UPK avait déjà accusé, samedi, l'armée irakienne d'avoir tué 25<br />

habitants <strong>de</strong> la ville <strong>de</strong> ShaQI~wa, dans la province d'Erbil, alors Qu'ils<br />

s'opposaient â une évacuation forcée.<br />

Au printemps <strong>de</strong>rnier, l'armée irakienne avait déjà procédé ~ une campaGne<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>struction <strong>de</strong> villaGes le lonG <strong>de</strong>s Grands axes routiers, transférant la<br />

population notamment vers la frontiére jordanienne, selon <strong>de</strong>s sources<br />

diplomatiQues à BaGdad.<br />

Les opérations avaient cessé à la fin <strong>de</strong> l'été •<br />

•<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE<br />

24.11.1987<br />

Irak-It~an<br />

Mise au point irakienne sur les combats au ~orC QU front<br />

BAGDAD, 24 nov (AFP) - L'Irak a implic!tement reconnu mardi le déroulement<br />

<strong>de</strong> combats au nord du front irako-iranien, en affirmant Que "les forces<br />

irakiennes exerçaient une domination totale da~s les réGions frontalières au<br />

nor'G'-o?st<strong>de</strong> l' It~ak".<br />

Un por~e-parole militaire à BaGdad, cité par l'aGence irakienne<br />

d'information INA, a en eff<strong>et</strong> indiQuè Que "les !~aGiens o~t subi <strong>de</strong>s pertes<br />

considérables sans pouvoir réaliser aucun objectif, apr?s LOU~~S leurs<br />

tentatlves (d'attaQue)".<br />

":...o?s fot-'ces it~akienr;es ex<strong>et</strong>~cent une dorninatior, t(.tale dans les t-'éGi(.ns<br />

frontalières au nord-est <strong>de</strong> l'Irak <strong>et</strong> les alléGatio~s ir'anie~r.es à ce propos<br />

sont dénuées <strong>de</strong> tout ron<strong>de</strong>ment", a ajouté le porte-parole.<br />

(Selon Téhéran, <strong>de</strong>ux opérations ont été lancées au KiArdistan irakien:<br />

Nasr-8. lancée vendredi dans la réGion <strong>de</strong> Mawat, <strong>et</strong> Nasr-9, déclenchée<br />

dimanche dans le secteur rrontal~r <strong>de</strong> HajJ-Omran, à la pointe nore-est <strong>de</strong><br />

l'Irak. Selon Téhéran, 5.700 Irakiens ont été ffilS hors <strong>de</strong> combat, 285 capturés<br />

<strong>et</strong> Q~el~ues hauteurs sent passées sous contrôle iranien, <strong>de</strong>puis vendredi<br />

<strong>de</strong>r.nier.) •<br />

Un pot~te-parole officiel irakien avait fait état lundi, pour la pr~mière<br />

fois, c'un~ importante attaQue dimanche matin <strong>de</strong> l'Armée <strong>de</strong> Libération<br />

Nationale Irdnienne (ALNI- opposants iraniens) contre les troupes iraniennes<br />

dans le K~rdislanl ~ la fronliêre <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>ux ca~s. Il d éGa:eme~l démenti les<br />

OFérations d'opposants (irakiens) <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s dans co?lte réGion <strong>et</strong> dont font état<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis plusl~urs Jours les médias iraniens.<br />

6


J<br />

26.11.1987<br />

La démocratisàtlon sous l'aile <strong>de</strong><br />

la Mère Patrie<br />

Quatre ans après son arrivée au pouvoir, le parti du Premier ministre Turgut Ozal paraÎt bien placé pour<br />

remporter les élections législatives qui doivent avoir lieu dimanche prochain.<br />

La formaiion POliliponsable~ <strong>de</strong> la dégradation du<br />

climat politique <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la situation économlerlé 1010-<br />

le». estime Murat Belge.<br />

Fallrice ROUSSELOT<br />

7


.....<br />

28.11.1987<br />

Les élections législatives du 29 novembre<br />

La Turquie entre <strong>de</strong>ux siècles<br />

PIllS <strong>de</strong> 'iDat-six millions <strong>de</strong><br />

Turcs SODt appela aux urnes, le<br />

dlmancbe 29 Donmbre, pour<br />

élire les 450 députés du Parlement<br />

IIIOIIOCaDIérai. Sept partis<br />

présentent <strong>de</strong>s cl!ndidl1t5 il ccl1c<br />

consultation, la première à<br />

caractère démocratique <strong>de</strong>puis<br />

le coup d'Etat militaire <strong>de</strong> 1980.<br />

ToIlS les sondages donnent une<br />

taree a'&Dce au Parti <strong>de</strong> la mère<br />

patrie (ANAP) du premier<br />

ministre, M. Turpt Ozal.<br />

IZMIR-MAR VIL<br />

<strong>de</strong> notre envoyé spécial<br />

.LA Turquùt change, avec un<br />

nouveau mandaI, nous la ferons<br />

changu <strong>de</strong> siècle. - Le contraste<br />

entre ia Turquie traditionnelle <strong>et</strong><br />

celle <strong>de</strong> la civilisation industrielle<br />

évoquée par le mot d'ordre électoral<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'ANAP,le Parti <strong>de</strong> la mère<br />

patrie <strong>de</strong> M. Ozal, est présent partout.<br />

dans les région, le, rlu.<br />

d6veloppées <strong>de</strong> l'ouest, mais<br />

encore davantage ll'cst.<br />

Zone franche, complexes hôte.<br />

liers, raffineries: le premier<br />

ministre a multiplié les inaugurations,<br />

mentionnant les réalisations<br />

effectuées pour donner du poids<br />

aux promesses d'avenir. Au nouvel<br />

aéroport d'Izmir, troisième<br />

ville du payx, sur la mer Egée,<br />

une foule paysanne ravie découvre<br />

les joies <strong>de</strong>s escaliers roulants<br />

en contemplant les ban<strong>de</strong>roles qui<br />

évoquent le regain <strong>de</strong> prestige <strong>de</strong><br />

la Turquie à l'étranger: • C'esl loi<br />

en Amérique, loi dans fa CEE,<br />

dans le FMI, en Turqui", c'eslloi<br />

Ozal, ça reSlera loi. - Parmi les<br />

portraits géants, les ron<strong>de</strong>urs bonhommes<br />

du premier ministre, Je<br />

crayon <strong>de</strong> l'expert à la main, tranchent<br />

sur l'austérité milnaire du<br />

père fondateur <strong>de</strong> la république,<br />

AtatUrk. l'occasion s'y prête:<br />

c'est la première fois qu'est donné<br />

à un établi.semenl public le nom<br />

d'Adnan Men<strong>de</strong>res, renversé <strong>et</strong><br />

exécuté en 1961, symbole à la fois<br />

<strong>de</strong> la droite turque <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s interventions<br />

militaires qui, déclare<br />

M. Ozal sous les ovations, • ne<br />

doivent plus jamais se reproduire<br />

-.<br />

Le show ne déçoit pas : arrivé<br />

main dans la main avec sa femme,<br />

un spectacle inédit dans la mâle<br />

tradition locale, M. Ozal, • l'illusionniste<br />

- pour l'opposition, discute<br />

d'abord en direct avec les<br />

badauds d'Ankara, qui l'écoutent<br />

à mille kilomètres <strong>de</strong> là sur écran<br />

géant. Après une telle démonstration<br />

<strong>de</strong> technologie, <strong>et</strong> le rappel <strong>de</strong><br />

la construction <strong>de</strong> barrages, <strong>de</strong><br />

routes, <strong>de</strong> lignes téléphoniques,<br />

comment ne pas croire à la suite:<br />

• Une voiture, une <strong>de</strong>uxième télévision,<br />

si voIre femme veul suivre<br />

un aulre programme, <strong>et</strong> paraquai<br />

pas une Iroisième pou,- le:;<br />

enfanls? "<br />

Surtout, «un ordinateur par<br />

famille" : pour l'enseignement,<br />

• priorilé dt la prochaine législalure",<br />

selon le gou,'ernerrent.<br />

• Pour permelITe aux smicards <strong>de</strong><br />

planifier auc un salaire <strong>de</strong><br />

90 000 livres (500 F) <strong>de</strong>s dépenses<br />

au moins cinq fois plus élevées-,<br />

ironise l'opposition ..<br />

8<br />

A propœ <strong>de</strong>s réalisations gouvernementales,<br />

il interroge la foule :<br />

• Pourquoi faisons-nous lout<br />

cela? " La réponse jaillit: • Parce<br />

que vous nous aimez f - Et M. Ozal<br />

<strong>de</strong> reprendre: ~ Bien sûr. mais aussi<br />

j".;;;,r ::;1~_', ~,'; , -::. . . ." ~.<br />

assuTiez vous-mèmes la prospérité<br />

du pays. Pour rallraper l'AI/t'nw-<br />

. l,' '. 'f • J':' !~ l' ' ., (-..<br />

cu,-' /1' iC1:1pJ J'j :',J,1 .1U-::. 1 :,:: r: .<br />

l'argenllambe du ci"1 - ~;i1~c"jc<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Etat) - esl révolu. _ C'est un<br />

leitmotiv <strong>de</strong> M. Ozal: • La nécessité<br />

<strong>de</strong> rem<strong>et</strong>tre l'initiative économique<br />

aux individus <strong>et</strong> aux co!/ectivités<br />

locales", pour m<strong>et</strong>tre fin à une<br />

conception génératrice <strong>de</strong> léthargie<br />

héritée <strong>de</strong> plusieurs siècles d'éccnomie<br />

dirigiste <strong>et</strong> souvent secourable,<br />

celle résumée dans la form,,!c populaire<br />

d' • Etat-popu -.<br />

Les réalisations <strong>de</strong>s municipalités,<br />

autonomes <strong>de</strong>puis 1994, sont dODnéea<br />

CD exemple. M. BuraD Ozfatura,<br />

maire d'Izmir,est l'une <strong>de</strong>s personnalités<br />

les plus controversées dll<br />

parti au pouvoir. La presse l'a sutnommé<br />

• l'homme aux sabols_,<br />

alluaion aux sandalca <strong>de</strong> prière que<br />

ce diplÔmé francophone en sciences<br />

économiquca reconnalt hautement<br />

chausler cinq fois par jour. Il<br />

déclare d'emblée son hostilité au<br />

communisme, mais aussi à l'imam<br />

Khomeiny, • intolérant el violent,<br />

qui n'a rien à voir avec le vrai<br />

islam -.• L'important, c'esl <strong>de</strong> Iravailler<br />

ensemble .. l'AN AP n!<br />

ouvert à laUS." C'est le Point <strong>de</strong> vue<br />

<strong>de</strong> plusieurs candîdats ~maï~ué~ '1<br />

gauche <strong>et</strong> qui, sollicités P.1r M. Oz,l,<br />

se présentent sur ses listes. Hi~t. '1<br />

l'applaudimètre du dîner ofrert P.<br />

Izmir aux maires cl: vill~ccs, ''1<br />

blon<strong>de</strong> Huliya Koçyigit interprète<br />

<strong>de</strong> films engagés, prix d'int<strong>et</strong>prétation<br />

au Festival <strong>de</strong> Nantes, Gissimule<br />

pour ses tournées viilageeises<br />

<strong>de</strong>s jambes dont les soee:ate,"~ or,-<br />

cu <strong>de</strong>s aperçus plus' généreux. La<br />

• Melina Mereouri lurque» se<br />

revendique social-..:'c~<br />

jous, qui fait i~1;;t~" <strong>de</strong>s méfaits du<br />

pouvoir: à commencer par l'inten-<br />

L'.<br />

..<br />

--<br />

photos; <strong>de</strong>ux guépard. dans les bras,<br />

<strong>de</strong> >1c+:.~~: ;'~:i': ~i,:~I.{,.rt ~r.c!:i<br />

Baba, candidat indépendant considéré<br />

comme l'un <strong>de</strong>s cbefs <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Mafia. Un dur du quarticr explique<br />

en tapant du poin, sur la table :<br />

• Les gens fonl encore leurs besoins<br />

dans <strong>de</strong>s ",dOllS qu 'iü vi<strong>de</strong>nlla nuit<br />

da.--:s: !'€:.:-;hr'1~e : aucun parti ne<br />

l"il Tienpour nous, lOul va à la ville<br />

vois/ne. »<br />

A Urfa, il C."tPrès Ii~minuit, mais<br />

<strong>de</strong>s centaines d'habitants <strong>de</strong>s quartiers<br />

~}aü"'r.~~ :;jjc"J.lent autour<br />

d'lndJi Baba dall, • le bâlimenl d'où<br />

a CG~:r..?1tci te.. ,"i::H!.;m::e contre les<br />

Fr"m;ais en 1920". Travaillant<br />

d'une main sa moustache, la veste<br />

maculée du sanl" <strong>de</strong>s trois chameaux<br />

~t .)~iï.:"; 'TI;::UÎI);~ ~acrifiés. un toup<strong>et</strong><br />

'i,'\T ~"'. t.êt.e. ~':1 ,forme <strong>de</strong> p~~rc,<br />

1 ~~~~~:,;~ fi: q~~~.~.~.~ses p'emu~r~s<br />

{; •• " ,oJ t. {'S .~~. a 'I .... ,.ze ans" maiS,<br />

2.'Ç::ès sn. réussi~e it Ankara, ... qui a<br />

t/">. '{"J;"'S aid(5 ce:.J.x <strong>de</strong> sa ville" a<br />

pm tG tète du • ParIi d'Urfa -. Il<br />

revendic'Je avec fierlé ses occupallOilS,<br />

... puisque les Américains ont<br />

el.' ~'e.::o ..~ d'A:' Capone pour libérer<br />

{~Siciic *. Les di~.m3nts brillent sur<br />

L;-'.t' il1i'.i1, ~e ......~::~, il dislrlbue à<br />

ses .;:.liO'115 -:t ~:c.~:-~;.,;s ia manne du<br />

• Papa ", celui qui intervient quand<br />

...Je droit tl la JlJSllCe n'existent<br />

plus -. Au bureau d'à côté, les candidats<br />

barbus du parti religieux,<br />

remontés dans les sondages, rient<br />

'0"3 capo <strong>de</strong>s dépenses supplémentaires<br />

que lui a occasionnées le<br />

report d'un ~~!'; ~e'5 ~1ect:ons<br />

L'i<strong>de</strong>ntité<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

Dans la campagne <strong>de</strong> Mardin,<br />

dans la forteresse qui rappelle les<br />

origines féodales du candidat du<br />

Parti populiste social-pre<br />

langue el à développer sa propre<br />

cullure.<br />

Le candidat <strong>de</strong> l'ANAP, Nur<strong>et</strong>tin<br />

Yümaz. n'cat pu en reste : aYOCat.<br />

membre du mouYement <strong>de</strong> la paix.<br />

longtemps emprilOllM lui aussi. il a<br />

rejoint M. Ozal - • lin hom_ toléranI.<br />

- sur sa propœition, après<br />

avoir essuyé un refus <strong>de</strong> la directiOD<br />

du PPSD - • raciste el challvine_.<br />

Il soulève l'enthousiasme <strong>de</strong>s<br />

I\'céens. qui le portent en triomphe<br />

-:. '" '.1 vdle <strong>de</strong> Dlizre, sur les bords<br />

du Tigre, lorsqu'il affirme son iDtention<br />

<strong>de</strong> continuer l se battre, ll'iDIf.<br />

rieur du parti au pouvoir, pour la<br />

levée <strong>de</strong> l'interdiction <strong>de</strong>s activit.<br />

communistes <strong>et</strong> l'affirmatiOll <strong>de</strong><br />

('i<strong>de</strong>ntité culturelle <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> : la _.<br />

velle approche <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te qlllMion,<br />

très probablement l J'ordre chi jour<br />

<strong>de</strong> la prochaine légillature, .. 1la<br />

mesure <strong>de</strong>s changements en --.<br />

MICHEL FARRIM.<br />

• Colloqu. Int.rn.t .<br />

<strong>Paris</strong> aur la lN_a<strong>de</strong> en ......<br />

qui •• - l'6volution IMmocraliqueen<br />

Turquie <strong>de</strong>puia la coup d'E ... ,..<br />

taire da 1980 aat anaIyaM !en crUll<br />

• con(Jfft intematioMl. organIef par<br />

le mouvement • Laa Amia da la Turquie.;<br />

du 27 au 29 novembre 1<br />

Pari•. Selon l'un daa orga~,<br />

M, Fou"", cUputll socialist. at membre<br />

du Conseil da l'Europa, catt.<br />

confIIrence aura pour obj<strong>et</strong> • d'8fJPIi-<br />

."., •• ",. •• u _<br />

cier l'~voturion ,. ce /MYS, CIW'"<br />

fe~ •. l••traveux .. dIInluleront<br />

à l'As •• mbllla nationala.<br />

(AFP.}


..<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE<br />

27.11.1987<br />

Iran-Irak<br />

Les <strong>de</strong>ux principaux chefs <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s irakiens appellent au soul~vement, selon<br />

IRNA<br />

PARIS, 27 nov (AFP) - Les chefs <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>ux<br />

irakiens en lutle armée conlre le réGime <strong>de</strong><br />

les forces armées iraKiennes ~ se soulever,<br />

iranienne IRNA reÇue ~ <strong>Paris</strong>.<br />

principaux Mouvements <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

BaGdad ont appelé la population<br />

a indiQué ".:ondr'edil'aGe,,_'2<br />

Dans un premier' communiQué, Massoud Barzani, chef du Parti démocratIQUe du<br />

K~~distan irakien (PDK), "a,appelé A tirer profit <strong>de</strong> la situation actuelle en<br />

Irak pour orGaniser la lutte contre le réGime du Baas irakien".<br />

: Dans un texte séparé, Jalal Talebani, diriGeant <strong>de</strong> l'Union patriotIQUe du<br />

Kurdistan (UPK), <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> aux militaires Irakiens <strong>de</strong> "ne pas se laisser tromper<br />

par les slOGans officiels du réGime" <strong>et</strong> leur rappelle Que "défendre Saddam (le<br />

pr~si<strong>de</strong>nt irakien Saddam Hussein) éQuivaut A trahir les idéaux <strong>de</strong> la nation<br />

irakienne".<br />

Le PDK <strong>et</strong> l'UPK ont décidé en automne 1986 <strong>de</strong> former une coalilion, sous<br />

l'éGi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'Iran, afin <strong>de</strong> renforcer la lutte armée contre le t'éGime <strong>de</strong> BaGdad.<br />

<strong>et</strong><br />

PARLEMENT EUROPEEN NOVEr1BRE 1987<br />

ARRESTATIONS ARBITRAIRES EN TURQUIE<br />

(Doc.<br />

B2-1326/87)<br />

'---<br />

LE MONDE<br />

C'est par 123 voix contre 76 <strong>et</strong> 4 abstentions Que le<br />

Parlement a adopté la résolution du groupe communiste<br />

réclamant la libération immédiate <strong>de</strong> MM. NIHAT SARGIN <strong>et</strong><br />

HAYDAR KUTLU, secrétaires généraux du Parti ouvrier <strong>et</strong> du<br />

Parti communiste <strong>de</strong> Turquie, qui ont été arrêtés à leur<br />

arrivé à Ankara <strong>et</strong> brutalement séparés <strong>de</strong>s parlementaires<br />

qui les accompagnaient. Il <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> aussi que soit garantie<br />

à l'avenir leur libre activité pOLitique dans le pays <strong>et</strong><br />

ce afin <strong>de</strong> contribuer à l'établissement d'un processus<br />

drmocratiQue en Turquie.<br />

diplomatique<br />

NOVEHBRE<br />

Le long chemin vers la démocratie<br />

LA TURQUIE<br />

U<br />

AUX MARCHES<br />

NE pério<strong>de</strong> difficile com-<br />

DE L'EUROPE<br />

Avancées d'un an, les élections générales du 29 novembre prochain<br />

en Turquie ont valeur <strong>de</strong> test pour la démocratie. Les restrictions<br />

datant du régime militaire ont en eff<strong>et</strong> été levées, <strong>et</strong> tous les<br />

courants politiques, à l'exception <strong>de</strong>s marxistes-léninistes toujours<br />

interdits, peuvent y participer.<br />

Située dans une zone géopolitique d'extrême turbulence, III<br />

l'urquie se donne <strong>de</strong>s objectifs ambitieux pour les années 90. Elle<br />

souhaite être le treiziême convive à la table européenne. Elle essaie<br />

<strong>de</strong> concilier une société ouverte, mo<strong>de</strong>rne <strong>et</strong> laïque, avec une population<br />

musulmane à 99 %, dont une partie (restreinte, mais le<br />

restera-t-elle toujours ?) prête une oreille <strong>de</strong> plus en plus atteutive<br />

aux appels <strong>de</strong>s islamistes. Elle tente d'accélérer son développement<br />

économique en appliquant <strong>de</strong>s politiques ultralibérales, tout en faisant<br />

<strong>de</strong>s efforts pour se démocratiser da>antage, ce qui, à terme,<br />

tient <strong>de</strong> la quadrature du cercle dans un pays encore en >oie <strong>de</strong><br />

dé'eloppemenl. De tels objectifs, assez contradictoires, la Turquie<br />

aura-t-elle les moyens <strong>de</strong> les alleindre? La tâche paraît ardue,<br />

mais pas au-<strong>de</strong>là <strong>de</strong>s possibilités d'un pays dont l'économie <strong>et</strong> la<br />

démographie font preuve d'un dynamisme exceptionnel.<br />

Par<br />

ATA<br />

GIL<br />

mencée avec le coup d'Etat militaire<br />

du 12 septembre 1980 <strong>et</strong> suivie d'une<br />

phase <strong>de</strong> démocratisation progressive,<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis 1983 s'achève avec les élections<br />

du 29 novembre, Le cours <strong>de</strong> la démocratisation<br />

est donc bien engagé, Le<br />

Conseil <strong>de</strong> l'Europe en a pris acte, puisque<br />

la Turquie assume actuellement la<br />

prési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong> organisme qui ne<br />

transige pas sur la démocratie <strong>et</strong> tes<br />

drOIts <strong>de</strong> l'homme.<br />

Est-ce à dire que la page est définitivement<br />

tournée? D'importants progrès<br />

ont été réalisés, Le pays a accepté le<br />

droit <strong>de</strong> recours individuel <strong>de</strong>vant la<br />

Commission européenne <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong><br />

l'homme, La liberté d'expression, <strong>et</strong><br />

notamment celle <strong>de</strong> la presse, est beaucoup<br />

mieux assurée, Sous la pression<br />

<strong>de</strong>s opinions publiques d'Europe, mais<br />

aussi turque, la torture a reculé, <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

tortionnaires continuent d'être traduits<br />

en justice. Cependant, si la tendance<br />

générale est incontestablement à la<br />

démocratisation, Il reste encore bien<br />

<strong>de</strong>s ombres au tableau: pour commen.<br />

cer, la ConstItution elle-même comporle<br />

trop <strong>de</strong> clauses antidémocratiques,<br />

notamment <strong>de</strong>s limitations au<br />

droit <strong>de</strong> grève, Le délit d'opinion existe<br />

toujours, <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s journalistes, <strong>de</strong>s<br />

utistes <strong>et</strong> autres Intellectuels sont<br />

1987<br />

poursuivis pour leurs écrits ou leurs<br />

œuvres. En Anatolie orientale, les<br />

populations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s sont toujoun soumises<br />

aux pressions <strong>de</strong> l'armée, <strong>et</strong>, dans<br />

ces régions éloignées, les droits <strong>de</strong><br />

l'homme sont moins respectés qu'ailleurs.<br />

La recru<strong>de</strong>scence <strong>de</strong>s actions<br />

armées perpétrées par les rebelles<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s prend les populations en étau<br />

entre la violence étatique turque <strong>et</strong> le'<br />

terrorisme <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>,<br />

Un test <strong>de</strong>s progrès démocratiques a<br />

été le référendum populaire du 6 septembre<br />

<strong>de</strong>rnier, par lequel l'électorat<br />

"est prononcé à une majorité <strong>de</strong><br />

50,16 % contre 49,84 % (soit une différence<br />

<strong>de</strong> 75000 voix, sur 25 millions)<br />

en faveur <strong>de</strong> la levée <strong>de</strong>s interdictions<br />

politiques qui frappaient <strong>de</strong>ux cent<br />

quarante <strong>et</strong> un dirigeants <strong>de</strong> partis,<br />

dont les <strong>de</strong>ux. ténors. <strong>de</strong>s années 70,<br />

MM. Süleyman Demirel <strong>et</strong> BUlent<br />

Ecevit. Le résultat extrêmement sC1Té<br />

du scrutin indique que, si le peuple turc<br />

ne souhaite pas le r<strong>et</strong>our <strong>de</strong>s personnalités<br />

<strong>et</strong> mœurs politiques qui ont eu leur<br />

part <strong>de</strong> responsabilité dans le chaos qui<br />

régnait à la fin <strong>de</strong>s années 70, il tient<br />

par-<strong>de</strong>ssus tout à ce que le pays soit<br />

doté d'un régime démocratique.<br />

Ce résultat convenait parfaitement<br />

au premier ministre, M, TurgUI Ozal.<br />

A l'égard <strong>de</strong>s opinions publiques occi<strong>de</strong>ntales,<br />

il apportait la preuve que la<br />

démocratie fonctionne en Turquie. A<br />

l'intérieur, M, Demirel, son grand rival<br />

au sein <strong>de</strong> la droite, ne pouvait plus le<br />

menacer, n'ayant pa< réussi à transfor-<br />

-> 9<br />

'.<br />

"<br />

I


.. ','If ,"" I<br />

mer Sùn r.:IOllf sur le dC\..tfll Je: Jrl 'i ....ènc::<br />

en un trl(lm))ht [Kdl:: \11'-" t)I ..Hlt à lil<br />

rentrée <strong>de</strong> M. Ece\


...<br />

LE MONDE DIPWMAnQVE<br />

tions <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'ai<strong>de</strong> financj~re, ont fait<br />

l'obj<strong>et</strong> crun début <strong>de</strong> normalisation.<br />

mail IOnt encore loin d'avoir r<strong>et</strong>rouv'<br />

leur r'aime <strong>de</strong> croisi~re. La réticence<br />

<strong>de</strong> plulieurs membre. <strong>de</strong> la CEE ne<br />

tießt pu seulement à <strong>de</strong>s objection.<br />

d'ordre 6c0n0rnique. Ils consid~rent<br />

que la Turquie n'elt pal un pays euro-<br />

,... <strong>et</strong> que sa culture, sa religion <strong>et</strong> le<br />

lRO<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> vic <strong>de</strong> son peuple sont trop dif-<br />

Urenls <strong>de</strong> ceux <strong>de</strong>s Douze. La résolutioa<br />

que le Parlement<br />

européen a votée<br />

à Struboura, en mai <strong>de</strong>rnier, liant<br />

l'examen d'une éventuelle adhésion à la<br />

CEE l la reconnaissance par la Turquie<br />

du B'noci<strong>de</strong> arménien <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

droits <strong>de</strong>s minorités, est une manifestation<br />

<strong>de</strong> ces Msitations. Quant à la<br />

Oùce, elle ne fai~ ~:-~ rnyr;tfl...". .-te ~'}p<br />

intention <strong>de</strong> tout faire pour fermer la<br />

porte <strong>de</strong> l'Europe à la Turquie tant que<br />

le conflit chypriote <strong>et</strong> le cortenn""<br />

'B6en ne scront 0".5 -1,,1., r.. '.- \<br />

donc pr6dire san.' '. _.:' .<br />

Turquie ne sera P?s alJrnl,e ,.;:...g 'r.,<br />

CEE avant l'an 2000 (a ';tr, 300 000 ".lIemaods <strong>de</strong> "Ouest,<br />

, .,0 ,)()() 1-,.",,, ;3, 125 000 8riün-<br />

,', (j,JC3 at 75 00J ltahens.<br />

Travailleur. immigré. :<br />

1 07 1 000 ouvriers turcs travaillent<br />

., ... éta,ant recensés en<br />

I ~.. 3', - C .cc les .;:clan<strong>de</strong>stins. <strong>et</strong><br />

las familles, le chrffre mont•• peW<br />

<strong>de</strong> 3 mIllions. Ils ont anvoyé c<strong>et</strong>te<br />

année-Ià 1,774 milliard da dollats eu<br />

pays. La RFA accueilla plus <strong>de</strong> le.<br />

mOlti.l<strong>de</strong> cas travailleura (586 0001,<br />

les Pays-Bas 78 000, le Frence<br />

66000 - 125000 avec I••<br />

familles - <strong>et</strong> la Belgique 31000.<br />

ZOlles <strong>de</strong> DtIuplement kl.W'<strong>de</strong> (salon le recenMmlftl dl 1H5<br />

o l'Inlle 10%8150%<br />

E?~ [JI.;. dtl 50 %<br />

19B cf .928: :(5 <strong>de</strong>u:t premières rhollCl<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>a.<br />

Il no... mbrc 1(,l~ .. ml", d.A'J.llHk.<br />

~J rhri~( 19..5. I.. TUI'1ule Jo!:clllrc: 1. lucH ...' l'AlIcma .....<br />

19 ........ dopllon dLl mu!t'p,u'l1fY1e el premltrQ 61cClIOM lWIno-<br />

',:<br />

.filIQIJCS<br />

"0;,,. ri' d1rh'Cllile (opp.lIllion) au.a 61ce:-<br />

"Cl. :Cl, ~k. 1\ ..... 11. "1J11 répuoll~ln au POUy"" dcpuÎl<br />

1'12 ..<br />

IQc:l. loiTlJf\lUIC <strong>de</strong>vLcrll membre: l poIn enllile <strong>de</strong> l'OTAN.<br />

J" ~ \d ...rl Iisne ,~c(, t'Ir~k. le pacte <strong>de</strong> S.,dad, qU&rcjoi , ..<br />

dronlle Küya"mO;-Ufll, le PILatan <strong>et</strong> J'Inn.<br />

IDA! 1960 premIer coup d'Etat Ruhtalre,<br />

1.7<br />

1~ oclobre 1961 : lran~(c.., du pouvoir IUliiçivib. ,<br />

19b}~Ê~naturc d'UD aCÇo!dd'UlQÇlatlon CDI.IOla Turquie ., la<br />

Il atanl971 : nouveau r~'llne mllllalrc qui duttr. <strong>de</strong>" ...<br />

10 J1.lIlell~i.t tnlervcrlllon <strong>de</strong> l'armée: turque l Cbypre,<br />

Il wplcmbn 1980: le iénén! Evren l'empare du P"lVOtl.<br />

r\o,c.,b,~ l~tO. élc:ctIOntlé'J1!atlvn rempun6c. pat. pani dl<br />

'-I Uld! q ...,dcvlcnl p(emlcrmlOl~lrc<br />

loi pril 1~'j7: 'II Tur4'J,e jépose une <strong>de</strong>maadc d'adb~ a la<br />

•<br />

CI:.l:<br />

f t";f:: '-n ''1'"<br />

,;Çj ~~l;>';:l.<br />

Ji ~~~ 11',\<br />

..t 1:. _ ""J.~ ~<br />

L.... B~'RZ '\L DE "lyrE PS".:)A ..... -r U: RE:rt.h.L ,C:'<br />

(Kuli"<br />

\i OE SE.l'TE:\iBRE<br />

ClJft--Slpll)<br />

J91i7 11<br />

"'i~:..: lk,.! ~'('::llnL'n I:~_',: L.lLJ"::Ln


(suite)<br />

Un précieux avant-poste<br />

L<br />

Par<br />

STEPHANE YERASIMOS •<br />

A pluS forte armée <strong>de</strong> I U1 AN en Europe (80U 000<br />

hommes, dont 600 000 pour I armée <strong>de</strong> {prre). ainSI résume-<br />

1-on couramment l'Importance <strong>de</strong>s moyens <strong>de</strong> di.fense <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Turquie Mals un examen plus attentif Lilt dpparaÎtre <strong>de</strong>s forces<br />

pléthoriQues <strong>et</strong> mal équipées pour I essentiel <strong>de</strong>s conscnts<br />

effectuant un service <strong>de</strong> diX-huit mOIS <strong>et</strong> commdndés par un<br />

corps <strong>de</strong> 35 000 oHICle's <strong>et</strong> Butant <strong>de</strong> SUl':::; OHIClNS <strong>de</strong> métier.<br />

Qualifiée par Alexan<strong>de</strong>r Haig alors conHTldllddnt suprême <strong>de</strong>s<br />

t()(ces <strong>de</strong> l'OTAN en Europe, <strong>de</strong> I Clm<strong>et</strong>:("r' d ....1t"rdt:le» la TurqUie<br />

dispose d'un matériel désu<strong>et</strong>: la aefensf-' éJntl-aeru:mne date<br />

à 90 % <strong>de</strong>s années 40 <strong>et</strong> les chars - <strong>de</strong>s M-47 at M-48 - <strong>de</strong><br />

la guerre <strong>de</strong> Corée: tes navires <strong>et</strong> les SOus -manns ont trente à<br />

trent~lnq ans d'âge en moyanne <strong>et</strong> 70 'Jb <strong>de</strong>s aVions <strong>de</strong> combat<br />

sont <strong>de</strong>s F-100 <strong>de</strong>e années 60 (11.<br />

Catte llÎtuation n'est pas .urprenante pUIsque Ankara<br />

<strong>de</strong>pense chaque année pour son armée moms Que Bru>elles <strong>et</strong> il<br />

pelne plu. qu'Athènes ; ce qui représente tollt <strong>de</strong> même 5.2 %<br />

du produit intérieur brut (PIBl <strong>et</strong> place le pays au trols,ème rang<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'alloanee atlantique (21. Toute mo<strong>de</strong>rnlsat,uu dépend. en <strong>de</strong>rnier<br />

ressort. <strong>de</strong> rli<strong>de</strong> OCCI<strong>de</strong>ntale. <strong>et</strong> notamment amenC8lOe,<br />

cell~1 étant Itée à l'intérêt .tratéglque que représente ce pays<br />

pour l'OTAN.<br />

Avec lI8S hauts plateaux <strong>et</strong> ses détrOits. ,I bloque en eff<strong>et</strong><br />

l'accès <strong>de</strong> l'URSS à la Méditerranée <strong>et</strong> au Proch&-Oflent, tout en<br />

offrant un excellent observatotr. <strong>de</strong>s diverses actiVités en territorre<br />

soviétique. Ainsi. les Etats-UnIs possè<strong>de</strong>nt vIngt-SIx bases<br />

<strong>et</strong> postes d'observation IvO/r la eBrre page 19). dont le nombre<br />

tand it augmenter après chaque nouvel accord bIlatéral. Dans<br />

ces conditions. il est permis <strong>de</strong> se <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r SI r ai<strong>de</strong> américaine<br />

vise à m<strong>et</strong>tre les forces turques à ntveau ou SI elle ne constitue<br />

pas plutôt un loyer pour r utilisation <strong>de</strong> son territOire.<br />

Même SI la réalité est plus comple).e plUSieurs éléments<br />

contonent c<strong>et</strong>te <strong>de</strong>rnière hypothèse. Au mIlieu <strong>de</strong>s années 70.<br />

l'embargo améncaln, en représailles à I Hlterventlon à Chypre,<br />

porta le coup <strong>de</strong> grAce à une armée dé,i! mal eQlIIpée. Au début<br />

• Ensc"""nt<br />

à <strong>Paris</strong>-VlI!.<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'OTAN<br />

<strong>de</strong>s années 80, la SItuation était catastrophIque, <strong>et</strong> le Pentagone<br />

esuma.t le coût d'une mo<strong>de</strong>rnisation raisonnable à 1.2 milliard<br />

<strong>de</strong> dollars par an pendant une décennie (3). Or l'ai<strong>de</strong> effectivement<br />

reçue attemt généralement la mOitié <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>tl" somme,<br />

rr.ême SI la TurQl,'f:' ~~ j.J '_l~. ~t"It:,~'~ ,t:, { ''i'' d} .1.'<br />

slème rang <strong>de</strong>s béfleflt ...lét!rfl'~ <strong>de</strong> J'S'lSlstanl e fjlllt'dFe dtt<br />

WashIngton.<br />

TroIs sénes <strong>de</strong> mesures <strong>de</strong> mo<strong>de</strong>rnisatIon déCidées par 18<br />

groupe mixte <strong>de</strong> la défense commune turco-arnérwdlne, en<br />

féVrier 1984, concernent la fourniture à l'armée <strong>de</strong> terre <strong>de</strong><br />

matériel <strong>de</strong> protection conUe les armes chlllllques dJ~l'UHSS, Id<br />

mise en place <strong>de</strong> systemes électroniques <strong>et</strong> l'InstallatIon <strong>de</strong><br />

radars mo<strong>de</strong>rnes (4). Deux préoccupations maJHures percent.<br />

l'amélioration <strong>de</strong> la survelllancA du terl rfOlre SOVIétIque <strong>et</strong> le rôle<br />

<strong>de</strong> barra'Jf" t, 'rT'r1il ,4 ," ~ .<br />

contenIr Ulld an,h..jUf' ell d' lt. ..:<br />

pUissent monter au If ont.<br />

Si l'importance <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te armée n'est pas aussI n<strong>et</strong>te Que<br />

ne le laIsseraient crorre ses effectifs il r échalle <strong>de</strong> r OTAN. elle<br />

reste la principale force dans la région. Membre (avec l'Iran <strong>et</strong> le<br />

Pakistan) du CENTO (Central Treaty Organll;llion). maillon<br />

reliant l' OTAN è rOrganisation du traité <strong>de</strong> l'Asie du Sud-Est<br />

(OTASE) pour ceinturer l'URSS. mais aussI pour contrôler le<br />

Proche-Orrent arabe. la Turquie se r<strong>et</strong>rouva seule après la révolutIon<br />

iranienne <strong>et</strong> l'Invasion <strong>de</strong> l'Afghanlstan. De c<strong>et</strong>te solitu<strong>de</strong>,<br />

elle tire une marge <strong>de</strong> marchandage plus gran<strong>de</strong>; aInsi. elle<br />

refuse <strong>de</strong> s'intégrer dans le dispositif <strong>de</strong> la Force d'Intervention<br />

rapi<strong>de</strong> ou d'abnter un ém<strong>et</strong>teur <strong>de</strong> programmes radiophonoques<br />

<strong>de</strong>stInés au musulmans <strong>de</strong> l'Asie centrale. Dans le même temps.<br />

elle accepte <strong>de</strong> servrr les <strong>de</strong>sseins inavoués <strong>de</strong> Washington dans<br />

la région. Et la Turquia kémaliste. qui se glorifiait d'avorr obtenu<br />

<strong>de</strong> haute lutte ses frontières nationales, se découvre <strong>de</strong>s dru.'"<br />

chez ses voiSins. notamment à Mossoul. La remise en questlol)<br />

<strong>de</strong>s frontières parait toutefois un jeu risqué. dans une région<br />

déchirée par les conflits,<br />

(1) M. A. Rirand. A vos o,drts molt


..<br />

,<br />

LE MONDE<br />

DIPLOMATIQUE<br />

(suite)<br />

confrtriea flUI colIICrvent leuB propres<br />

...... <strong>et</strong> mo<strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong> recrutement, Celle<br />

se,ment.tion se tr.duit par une<br />

conc:urreace JCJIIwnt vive, l la mesure<br />

<strong>de</strong>i el\Ïeua : acd<strong>de</strong>r l <strong>de</strong>s positions <strong>de</strong><br />

contrOle cie Ja communaut6 <strong>de</strong>s fidèles,<br />

l <strong>de</strong>i ~ 6e0n0miques, l un statut<br />

dl partenaire r6prfaentatif pour les<br />

.1dGri ....... Oll aatioBales .••<br />

~ Ja "US CIl vue <strong>de</strong> cel<br />

_frtriea est celle <strong>de</strong>s Silleymanci, où<br />

1'6c:oooaùc&ue. Je politique <strong>et</strong> Je cuturel.<br />

le local. le .. ~ <strong>et</strong> l'iIItemationalse<br />

m~lent d' ... manim qui rappelle les<br />

pratiques. Ja JCÇte Moon. Les SUleymanci<br />

OIIt d6ploy6 leUB activit6s il partir<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1950, en m<strong>et</strong>tant sur pied un<br />

r6seaa <strong>de</strong> cours coraniques • sauvases-.<br />

Parallèlement, la _fr6rie a<br />

d6vei0pp6 <strong>de</strong>s foyeB <strong>de</strong> jeunes <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

internats pour les 61èvel <strong>de</strong>s lyc6cs<br />

d'imams <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> pr&:heuB.<br />

Les avprentis<br />

'EST au sein <strong>de</strong> l'émigration que<br />

C les r6sultats seront les plus<br />

payants: en Allemagne, 150 mosquées<br />

sont désormais sous leur contrôle,<br />

s6r6es par l'Union <strong>de</strong>s centres islamiques<br />

qu'ils ont fond6e en 1974 à Coll>gne,<br />

La confr6rie est dotée d'une structure<br />

paramilitaire, <strong>et</strong> les cours<br />

coraniques servent d'antichambres au<br />

recrutement <strong>et</strong> à la formation <strong>de</strong> miliciens<br />

encadr6s par les hommes du coll>nel<br />

TUrkes, l'un <strong>de</strong>s promoteurs du panturquisme,<br />

Très soucieux <strong>de</strong> faire<br />

reconnaître Jeur représentativité - ils<br />

revendiquent 60 % <strong>de</strong> l'islam associatif<br />

en RFA - <strong>et</strong> d'étendre leur r6seau<br />

dans les autres pays européens, les<br />

SUleymanci jouent le jeu du laIcisme<br />

en déclarant qu'ils sont pour la séparation<br />

<strong>de</strong> la religion <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'Etat - <strong>et</strong> non<br />

pour la subordination <strong>de</strong> la première au<br />

second comme c'est actuellement le cas<br />

en Turquie, En revanche, ils sont moins<br />

diserts sur certaines <strong>de</strong> leurs relations,<br />

notamment avec les survivants <strong>de</strong> la<br />

collaboration pronazie islamique dan.<br />

les Balkans,<br />

D'autres courants ,slamlques se partagent<br />

ce qui est <strong>de</strong>venu un véritable<br />

mouvement sociopolitique s'exprimant<br />

à travers les ordres <strong>et</strong> confréries ; les<br />

M<br />

sorciers<br />

Les Assyro-Chaldéens<br />

minorité oubliée<br />

Par JOSEPH YAcoua ~<br />

nurcu, les kadiri, les cerrahi, pour ne<br />

citer que le& p/U5 ;nnuents, se sIgnalent<br />

par leur activisme <strong>et</strong> leur antkom"",.<br />

nisme.<br />

Enti~re est la respon:abjl:,~ .. 11;.; )1<br />

voir milItaire dans l'essor <strong>de</strong>~ mouvements<br />

Islamistes, même SI ces <strong>de</strong>rme,'"<br />

6chappent aujourd'hui à ceux qui ont<br />

joué les apprentis SOrciers. C'est en<br />

eff<strong>et</strong> le régime issu du coup d'Etat <strong>de</strong><br />

1990 qui a rendu obligatoire l'enseignement<br />

religieux dans les écoles publ,-<br />

ques, Huit facultés <strong>de</strong> théologie <strong>et</strong><br />

700 écoles publiques d'imams <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

prêcheurs (contre 1 100 lycées<br />

d'Etat), 12000 enseignants,<br />

220 000 lycéens (sur un total <strong>de</strong><br />

790000), 50000 diplôm6s tous les ans<br />

- avec les mêmes droits que les bacheliers<br />

sauf pour les écoles militaires ;<br />

J'~~",3~ignemenl islamique représente un<br />

fCfmidable tremplin pour les Inté.<br />

gristes.<br />

Conséquence <strong>de</strong> l'absence d'u ne<br />

démocratie v~ritllble f...ot..r ~.f r-, ,~\'<br />

"~ .~ j);talisrne sauvage sous-dév


.' ~ l "<br />

(sujte)<br />

Ltlj,U'jl_<br />

; -l' ,.<br />

A la<br />

RosULT'T<br />

La « question<br />

,,, '''",'''0"'<br />

alliées .ur le partage du Proche-Onent<br />

au cours <strong>de</strong> la première guerre mondiale<br />

<strong>et</strong> du nouveau rapport <strong>de</strong> forc


LE MOMiE UlPWMill1QUE<br />

(suite)<br />

Kurdistan • • un lancin(Jn~<br />

COMME "Iran <strong>et</strong> l'Irak en guerre, la Turquie dOit faire<br />

faca au renouveau <strong>de</strong> l'irré<strong>de</strong>ntisme <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>. Pourtant, <strong>de</strong>puis sa<br />

fondation par Atatürk, l'Etat Vit sur le mythe d'une population<br />

homogène <strong>et</strong> refuse <strong>de</strong> reconnaître <strong>de</strong>s droits spécifiques aux dix<br />

millions <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s, majoritaires dans les régions les plus pauvres<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Est <strong>et</strong> du Sud-Est.<br />

CHRISTIANE<br />

Par<br />

MORE<br />

Si la plupart <strong>de</strong> ceux qui habitent les régions les plus<br />

déshéritées ne parlent que le Kur<strong>de</strong> - malgré l'interdiction <strong>de</strong><br />

celte langue dès 1924 (11. d'autres, très nombreux dans les<br />

villes, ne prennenl conscience <strong>de</strong> leur id'!ntité que durant<br />

l'exil - un million d'ouvriers émigrés en 1985 - économique ou<br />

politique. Ce n'est que dans les pays d'accueil, au sein <strong>de</strong>s associations<br />

ou dans les écoles bilingues - comme lin Suè<strong>de</strong>, -<br />

qu'ils ont la possibilité d'apprendre à Iirf. <strong>et</strong> à écrire<br />

Aujourd'hui encore une majorité <strong>de</strong> Turcs envisagent le<br />

problème comme un simple conflit entre tribalisme <strong>et</strong> nationalisme<br />

étatique, leI Kur<strong>de</strong>s étant, pensent-ils, davantage<br />

exploités par leurs aghas (seigneurs, grands propriétaires ternens)<br />

que par le pouvoir central. Et <strong>de</strong> citer en exemple une certaine<br />

élite <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> « turque) QUI participe <strong>et</strong> contribue au développement<br />

<strong>de</strong> la vie nationale dans le ,1omalne <strong>de</strong> la littérature, dA<br />

la musique <strong>et</strong> même <strong>de</strong> la politique Cependant, à la faveur <strong>de</strong> la<br />

iiberté d'expression r<strong>et</strong>rouvée, un cer\aln nombre <strong>de</strong> journaux <strong>et</strong><br />

d'hebdomadaires abor<strong>de</strong>nt le problème pour parler <strong>de</strong>s revend:..<br />

cations <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>et</strong> donnent la parole aux partisans <strong>de</strong> l'autonomie<br />

- sans aller, toutefois jusqu' à parler d.lI1dépendance.<br />

Après le coup d'Etat du 12 septembre 1980, le pouvoir<br />

militaire démantela les orga'lÎsatlons <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s qui avaient pns un<br />

nouvel essor dans les années 70, alors que la popularité <strong>de</strong><br />

Moustafa Barzani, dirigeant <strong>de</strong> la rébellion <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en Irak, était à<br />

!!on apogée. Une politique <strong>de</strong> répression comparable, dans une<br />

certaine mesure, à celle qui suivit la gran<strong>de</strong> révolte <strong>de</strong> Dersim en<br />

1938 fut mise en ceuvre : arrestations massives, condamr.ations<br />

il mort, exil <strong>de</strong> nombreuses personnalités ... Mais, si après Der-<br />

Sim, l'Etat parvint à m<strong>et</strong>tre au pas l'irrooentisme <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>,<br />

aujourd'hui, le mouvement s'est au contraire radicalisé : <strong>de</strong> la<br />

revendication <strong>de</strong> la reconn3lssance <strong>de</strong> droits nationaux, il est<br />

passé à l'exigence d'indépendancfl, objectif il réaliser. pou; les<br />

plus extrémistes - dont le Parti <strong>de</strong>s travailleurs du Kurdistan<br />

(PKKI se veut le porte-parole. - par tous les moyens y compris<br />

la lutte armée.<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te évolution. parallèle à la relance <strong>de</strong> la guérilla par<br />

les Kur<strong>de</strong>s d'Irak <strong>et</strong> d'Iran, a~pelle les ingérences extérieures qui<br />

ont toujours marqué les rébellions <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s. Dans ses mémo;;es,<br />

M. Henry Kissinger notait déjà qu'en 1974 le if le chah [occupait]<br />

l'attention <strong>de</strong> /'Irak en soutenant la rébellion <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en territotre<br />

irakien (2) JI. Aujourd'hui, Bagdad ai<strong>de</strong> les Kur<strong>de</strong>s d'Iran,<br />

Téhéran soutient ceux d'Irak tandis qu'Ankara accuse la Syrie <strong>de</strong><br />

servir <strong>de</strong> base arrière au PKK.<br />

Les nombreuses mesures prises <strong>de</strong>puis 1984 par le<br />

gouvernement turc montrent que la détermination du PKK est<br />

prise au sérieux : opérations <strong>de</strong> ratissage dans les villages par<br />

<strong>de</strong>s commandos aéroportés, accord sur la sécurité <strong>de</strong>s frontières<br />

(d'abord avec l'Irak en octobre 1984, ensuite avec l'Iran, qui<br />

dément, enfin avec la Syrie en juill<strong>et</strong> 19871, ordonnance <strong>de</strong><br />

1985 créant <strong>de</strong>s milices <strong>de</strong> .. protection <strong>de</strong> villages .. (31, loi du<br />

repentir, primes aux. chasseurs <strong>de</strong> têtes .., création en 1986 <strong>de</strong><br />

briga<strong>de</strong>s antiterrorisles entraînées aux Etats-Unis, établissement<br />

d"un no man's land le long <strong>de</strong>s frontières sud, évacuation <strong>de</strong>I<br />

villages situés dans les régions stratégiques - c<strong>et</strong>te <strong>de</strong>rnière<br />

mesure étant présentée comme une volonté <strong>de</strong> mise en valeur<br />

<strong>de</strong>s provinces <strong>de</strong> l'est,<br />

Car, <strong>et</strong> c'est une victoire.<strong>de</strong>s séparatistes, les autorités<br />

d'Ankara adm<strong>et</strong>tent aujourd'hui qu'il existe un problème en<br />

Anatoh'! orientale (appellation officielle du Kurdistan <strong>de</strong> Turquie!.<br />

mê",e SI elles le limitent au domaine économique.<br />

Devant la recru<strong>de</strong>scence <strong>de</strong>s troubles dans les. régions<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'est Il, le gOl!vernement m<strong>et</strong> l'accent sur l'équipement <strong>de</strong><br />

certaines zones maintenues jusqu'alors dans un état <strong>de</strong> sousd~veloppement.<br />

La construction <strong>de</strong>s barrages sur l'Euphrate<br />

(dort le barrage Atatürk) <strong>de</strong>vrait transformer la région en grenier<br />

<strong>et</strong> réaliser if l'assimilation <strong>de</strong>s montagnards réfractaires ..,<br />

Dans le même esprit, le proj<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> déplacement <strong>de</strong> populations<br />

qui touche cinquante-<strong>de</strong>ux provinces sur les soixantesept<br />

du pay!', a été présenté au début <strong>de</strong> l'année 1987 par<br />

l'adrr.,nistration <strong>de</strong>s forêts, qui en est l'auteur, comme une<br />

mesure en faveur <strong>de</strong>s «habitants <strong>de</strong> villages déshérités qui<br />

seront transplantés dans <strong>de</strong>s régions fertiles <strong>de</strong> l'ouest JI. Pour<br />

la gauche turque <strong>et</strong> les milieux <strong>de</strong> l'immigration, ce plan viserait<br />

avant tout il disperser les paysans <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux cent trois villages <strong>de</strong><br />

la seule province <strong>de</strong> Tunceli (nom donné au Dersim après l'écrasement<br />

<strong>de</strong> la r9volte <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> en 19381, .Ia province aux trois<br />

gendarmes par habitant JI, qui a déjà fait l'obj<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> telles<br />

mesures après les premières actions <strong>de</strong> guérilla en 1984. le<br />

PKK ne voit 'jans c<strong>et</strong>te opération qu'une continuation <strong>de</strong> la politique<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Etat qui, aujourd'hui comme par le passé, déplace la<br />

population b,.<strong>de</strong> pour isoler la résistance.<br />

(1) l 'utilisation d'une autre langueque le turc peUl être sanctÎ


.~<br />

c,. .<br />

....": ,<br />

PI;i.'., ":'~:.~,.n, -il'~"<br />

Heraia<br />

,) C 7<br />

Iraq admits it has<br />

reloca:.,_.",>,~ ~(urds<br />

~GULF<br />

~WAR<br />

WASIlIl' hd'e prole'ted at the<br />

<strong>de</strong>'truct,on of lheir homes and<br />

lrhl .... teu tht'v wanted to remain,<br />

dceording to relatives interviewed<br />

rccently In Baghdad. The Iraqis<br />

have kept reporters from travel-<br />

Img through the area.<br />

Despite the villagers' wishes 10<br />

Slay put, Mr Anbari said, il was<br />

neee"arv to relocate them for<br />

their 0'" n good,<br />

"In time of war," he said, "it is<br />

for the central Government to<br />

<strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong> "hat is best"<br />

Mr Anbari rejected suggestions<br />

thaI the forced relocations viOlate<br />

hum.ln rights.<br />

He Il,,i,ted that his Government<br />

hod gone out of its way to<br />

•.II..(umml)lL..IIC lrdq's estimated<br />

tbrcc IT'i1I,,,nKurds by permitting<br />

them l,nllted ;c1f-go\'ernment and<br />

~uch 'rrl\ Ii~gcs" as their own<br />

best soldiers'<br />

"" popil fI'els that OUf\ i, an<br />

in<strong>de</strong>rendcllt, free and allti-iOlI'erialist<br />

country at loggerheads .. ith<br />

America '" Ilhis) ghes him a<br />

feeling of joy and he is ready for<br />

any sacrifice to maiDlaia Ihis<br />

situalion, "<br />

Mr Abami said his mlaistry bad<br />

s<strong>et</strong> up scbools for combataats ia the<br />

war ZOlleS, SOllie or the. .. ulpt<strong>et</strong>!<br />

with mobile chemistry laboratories,<br />

Physics labs were Da tbe aceada for<br />

this year. He ad<strong>de</strong>d that teachers<br />

were also hieb1y-rat<strong>et</strong>l filhters.<br />

Speaking oa the same program,<br />

Mr Akrami's <strong>de</strong>puty la chall:e of<br />

war affairs said pupIls comprised<br />

about 60 per cent of all the<br />

volunteer "BasiJI" fiablers.<br />

R......<br />

radio slation and even the righlto<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntify themselves as Kurds -<br />

som<strong>et</strong>hing thai is forbid<strong>de</strong>n in<br />

neighbouring Turkey.<br />

Meanwhile, reports from Bahrain<br />

said an Iranian gunboat<br />

ambushed a Panamanian.nag<br />

tanker in the soulhern Gulf region<br />

today,<br />

The attack started a fire thaI wa,<br />

put OUI, shipping sources in the<br />

region report.<br />

The 103.584-tonne Grand Wisdom<br />

was fully loa<strong>de</strong>d wilh cru<strong>de</strong><br />

oil when it was hit by a rock<strong>et</strong>propelled<br />

grena<strong>de</strong> just off the<br />

United Arab Emirates port of<br />

Jebel Ali, the sources said.<br />

Thev said Ihe blaze was extinguishe'd<br />

by the ship's crew and<br />

there wcre no casualties in lhe<br />

attack, Iran's firsl since the end of<br />

last monlh.<br />

Iraq claimed on Wednesday its<br />

j<strong>et</strong>s had hit four Iranian lankers in<br />

the northern Gulf within about<br />

nine hours,<br />

Although only one of those<br />

attacks was in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntly confirmed,<br />

shipping operators in the<br />

Gulf had braced for a bout of<br />

til-for-lal raids by Iran.<br />

The last reported Iranian allack<br />

was carried OUi on October 24<br />

when another Panamanian-nag<br />

tanker, the Prosper Venture I, was<br />

hit by a gunboal 30 kilom<strong>et</strong>res otT<br />

the United Arab Emirates coast.<br />

Meanwhile, the 15th US escon<br />

operation in the Gulf was compl<strong>et</strong>ed<br />

without inci<strong>de</strong>ntloday.<br />

The New York Times, Reuter.<br />

AU~lrdhan Associaled PreSIJ<br />

INSIGHT<br />

09.11.1987<br />

IHi\rri'j<strong>et</strong>l<br />

1\Irkey Finds Iran<br />

Is Behind 1\Innoll<br />

ISTANBUL, Oct. 11 - Security<br />

forces and intelligence units have un.<br />

coveredanewpiOlby1èhran, whichbas<br />

been trying to spread the Khomeini<br />

trend in 1ùrk.ey with the intention of<br />

s<strong>et</strong>ting up a regime in our country bascid<br />

on Sharia (Islamic law], like Iran.<br />

The security forees and inte\Jigence<br />

units have established that Iran has been<br />

supplying arms to separatist and treacherous<br />

nùlitants terrorizing and killing<br />

people in eastern and southeastern lbr.<br />

key. The report they have drawn up<br />

points to the threat from Iran and says, •<br />

"They are uying to weaken the c0nfi<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

of the masses by weakening<br />

state authority through anarchy and ter.<br />

rorism."<br />

The seizure of Iranian :urns, ammunition<br />

and equipment from nùlitants<br />

who have recently.been arrested by the<br />

securily forces lias exposed Iran, a<br />

counuy we have regar<strong>de</strong>d as friendly<br />

and fraternal. 1be support given to the<br />

separalists by Iran, which has int<strong>et</strong>fered<br />

in Turkish affairs in various ways in the<br />

past, particularly through Tehran radio's<br />

malicious and loathsome broadcasts,<br />

has mIed the people with aversion.<br />

-t.<br />

-<br />

16


..<br />

..<br />

Amnesty International<br />

BULLETIN ft<br />

file on torture<br />

November 1987<br />

I<br />

These drawings of prisoners in a torture session<br />

are by a former police officer. The one below shows<br />

fa/aka or bastinado - the beating 01 th, prisoner<br />

\ on soles of the le<strong>et</strong>. The above drawing shows one<br />

~ 01 the many painful ways in which prisoners are<br />

, suspen<strong>de</strong>d. This m<strong>et</strong>hod is known as "Palestinian<br />

1 hanging".<br />

Almost four yeats aft~ a civilian<br />

government came to power in November<br />

1983, no effective measures have been<br />

implemented to prevent torture in<br />

Turkey.<br />

Turkish authorities admit torture<br />

takes place, but ~Iaim it has been used<br />

only in isolated inci<strong>de</strong>nts. Despite assurances<br />

that all complaints of torture are<br />

investigated and those responsible prosecuted,<br />

Al has not oDserved any fundamental<br />

changes in the systematic and<br />

wi<strong>de</strong>spread practice of torture.<br />

The number of allegations of torture<br />

at any time appears directly related to the<br />

number of people d<strong>et</strong>ained. During an<br />

earlier period of mi!it:uy intervention,<br />

from 1970to 1973,when several thousand<br />

people were d<strong>et</strong>ained, AI received<br />

hundreds of allegations of torture and<br />

believed torture was wi<strong>de</strong>spread and sys.<br />

tematic. Fewer allegations were received<br />

during the mid-1970s, when there were<br />

fewer political prisoners. However, after<br />

the introduction of martiallaw in ~-<br />

ber 1978, the number of cases of torture<br />

increased. Following a research mission<br />

in May 1980AI conclu<strong>de</strong>d that most pe0-<br />

ple d<strong>et</strong>ained by the police and martiallaw<br />

authorities were tortured. In some cases<br />

they were tortured to <strong>de</strong>ath.<br />

The newly foun<strong>de</strong>d Human Rights<br />

Association in Turkey estimates that at<br />

least 240,000 people have been taleen into<br />

custody by security forces since the miU.<br />

tary coup in September 1980. The inci<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

of torture increased dramatically<br />

immediately after the coup. In subsequent<br />

years the number of torture allegations<br />

and reported <strong>de</strong>aths un<strong>de</strong>r torture gradually<br />

<strong>de</strong>creased as the number of political<br />

prisoners <strong>de</strong>creased. Continuing<br />

reports of torture during recent months<br />

point to a pattern which show5 no significant<br />

change.<br />

-+ 17


Amnesty International<br />

(suite)<br />

M<strong>et</strong>hods<br />

The main purpose of torture in police<br />

custody is the extraction of information<br />

and confessions. III-treatment in prisons.<br />

often involving routine beatings, is<br />

inten<strong>de</strong>d to maintain discipline. In both<br />

prisons and police stations. intimidation<br />

and humiliation of prisoners is an additional<br />

motive.<br />

A vari<strong>et</strong>y of m<strong>et</strong>hods is used. Suspects<br />

are blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and handcuffed immediately<br />

after d<strong>et</strong>ention. Even common criminal<br />

suspects are often stripped naked<br />

during interrogation. hosed with ice-cold<br />

water. or left naked on the concr<strong>et</strong>e floors<br />

of cells in the harsh conditions of winter.<br />

D<strong>et</strong>ainees are frequently kept hungry and<br />

thirsty. They are prevented from sleeping<br />

for days and are forced to stand in tiring<br />

positions for long periods.<br />

The m<strong>et</strong>hod of torture most frequently<br />

applied is bastinado (fa/aka, beatinas<br />

on the soles of the fe<strong>et</strong>). The only<br />

equipment necessary is a chair and some<br />

rope (see iIIustradon). Electric shock torture<br />

is applied using a hand generator. It<br />

is often combined with various forms of<br />

halljing (see ilIustration).<br />

Other forms of cruel, inhuman and<br />

<strong>de</strong>grading treatment are also applied,<br />

including sexual abuse, insults and<br />

threats, and even mock executions.<br />

Torture Centres<br />

BUllETIN~<br />

Although people are tortured in police<br />

stations and prisons throughout Turkey,<br />

there are also buildings specifically equipped<br />

for torture.<br />

Most of these places are well known.<br />

If the government is committed to the<br />

elimination of torture, the treatment of<br />

d<strong>et</strong>ainees in these centres must be investigated<br />

and steps taken to ensure that the<br />

practice is discontinued.<br />

One of the best known torture centres<br />

is a place called DAL (Dev/<strong>et</strong> Arastirma<br />

Laburatuvari, State Research Laboratory)<br />

in Ankara Police Headquarters. In<br />

Aprill987 AI obtained a sk<strong>et</strong>ch of DAL<br />

with Section A and Section B where the<br />

torture equipment is housed. It was<br />

drawn by stu<strong>de</strong>nts d<strong>et</strong>ained b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

November 1986 and March 1987. The<br />

main elements of this sk<strong>et</strong>ch were confirmed<br />

by a former prisoner of conscience<br />

tortured there in 1981. Except for the<br />

addition of a "recreation room" used to<br />

treat injuries before the prisoner's release<br />

or formal arrest by a court, nothing seems<br />

changed.<br />

Deaths in custody<br />

Since the September 1980 coup, AI<br />

has submitted to the authorities the names<br />

of more than 100 people alleged to have<br />

died in custody. In reply AI has received<br />

information from the authorities on<br />

82 of these cases. Most of the replies are<br />

unsatisfactory.<br />

Since t.!teend of 1985, various organizations<br />

in Turkey have issued lists of<br />

people who died in custody. The prisoners<br />

named inclu<strong>de</strong> some who died as a result<br />

of hunger-strikes or medical neglect and<br />

some who committed suici<strong>de</strong>. Even so,<br />

the majority of prisoners named in these<br />

lists apparently died as a result of torture.<br />

In December 1985 Cuneyt Canver. a<br />

Social Democrat Populist Party (SHP)<br />

member of parliament. han<strong>de</strong>d over a list<br />

with 113 names of individuals who died<br />

in custody to the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of parliameat<br />

during a <strong>de</strong>bate on the budg<strong>et</strong>. One year<br />

later Fikri Saglar, Secr<strong>et</strong>ary General of<br />

the SHP submitted a list of 253 names<br />

and in February 1987 the Human Rights<br />

Association released d<strong>et</strong>ailed information<br />

on 149 cases to the press. Twenty more<br />

names were ad<strong>de</strong>d later.<br />

On March 16, 1982 the Minister of<br />

State, Ilhan Oztrak, acknowledged<br />

",<br />

.'<br />

Section B Section A<br />

Entrance<br />

WC WC WC WC<br />

walk through<br />

o o o<br />

A to B<br />

"Recreation<br />

room"<br />

rnFR~<br />

I I IL-LJLtj<br />

First interrogation<br />

'e:<br />

,e<br />

aQ)<br />

...<br />

Q)<br />

!'"<br />

A'torture centre ln Ankara. This sk<strong>et</strong>ch by former d<strong>et</strong>ainees Shows the State Research Labol dlory WIIiIIII 1\i1


..<br />

•<br />

Amnesty International BULLETIN:fi<br />

(suite)<br />

publicly that 15people had died as a result<br />

of torture since September 1980.A report<br />

issued by the Chief of the General Stafrs<br />

Office on October 29, 1982 stated that<br />

investigations into 204 <strong>de</strong>aths allegedly<br />

caused by torture had d<strong>et</strong>ermined that<br />

in only four cases were the <strong>de</strong>aths<br />

attributable to torture.<br />

In April 1984 the same office announced<br />

that since the first <strong>de</strong>claJ:ation of<br />

martiallaw in December 1978two people<br />

bad died as a result of torture. In April<br />

1986 Yildirim Akbulut, ~inister of the<br />

Interior, answering questions in parliament<br />

said that there were a total of<br />

78 <strong>de</strong>aths during interrogation b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

December 26, 1978 and December 31,<br />

1985, but did not specify the causes. In<br />

December 1986 the Minister of Justice,<br />

Mahmut Oltan Sungurlu, stated that<br />

13 <strong>de</strong>aths in custody had been caused by<br />

torture or ill-treatment.<br />

During the first six months of 1987AI<br />

received information on 11 <strong>de</strong>aths in<br />

custody. Nine were allegedly caused by<br />

torture.<br />

For example, in February 1987 the<br />

gendarmerie (armed rural police), searching<br />

for Hasan Bayram, roun<strong>de</strong>d up members<br />

of his family in Pirinclik village near<br />

Diyarbakir and took them to the gendarmerie<br />

station. The next day Hasan<br />

Bayram's 70-year-old father, Zulfikar<br />

Bayram, died in hospital. His wife Esma<br />

Bayram says:<br />

"On February 19gendarmes came to<br />

our house saying that they were looking<br />

for my, son Hasan who is on the run.<br />

Everyone in the family was beaten. They<br />

took us, my husband Zulfikar Bayram<br />

and the children, to the gendarmerie station<br />

where they beat us and hit us with<br />

the butts of their rifles. My husband, who<br />

was seriously injured, and I were taken<br />

to hospital, where he died .. , An<br />

autopsy wiD provi<strong>de</strong> proof that torture<br />

caused his <strong>de</strong>ath. A medical examination<br />

of the other members of the family who<br />

are still in custody [on February 22]<br />

should be done. II<br />

In another case, the <strong>de</strong>ath of Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Kalkan on June 14, 1987 in the hands of<br />

the Diyarbakir Directorate of the Rapid<br />

Forces (special branch of the police) led<br />

to a three-day hunger-strike of political<br />

prisoners in Diyarbakir Military Prison.<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> Kalkan escaped from Diyarbakir<br />

Prison in 1983 and was recaptured<br />

on March 13, 1987. He died three months<br />

later while un<strong>de</strong>rgoing police interrogation.<br />

Officials claim he committed<br />

suici<strong>de</strong>, but his brother, Mustafa, is convinced<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> was tortured to <strong>de</strong>ath.<br />

Mustafa Kalkan told the press that both<br />

he and his father Orner Kalkan had also<br />

been tortured b<strong>et</strong>ween October 4 and 9,<br />

1985 during interrogation.<br />

Torture in southeastern<br />

Turkey<br />

Another dimension of the problem of<br />

torture and ill-treatment in Turkey is illustrated<br />

by the situation in the southeast.<br />

Armed dashes b<strong>et</strong>ween Kurdish guerrilla<br />

troops and the Turkish security forces<br />

have led to more than 70


Amnesty International BULLETIN ~<br />

(suite)<br />

,<br />

These lour children nee<strong>de</strong>d medical treatment alter subjected to electric shock torture. They came lrom a village in southeastern Turkey where Kurdish guerrillas<br />

have been active.<br />

"The next day 500 gendarmes came<br />

to the village and once again roun<strong>de</strong>d up<br />

the men in the school playground. The<br />

gendarmes searched all the houses but did<br />

not find anything. They took the men<br />

insi<strong>de</strong> the school and beat them. The beatinas<br />

went on until 3 pm. During this time<br />

one of us was stripped naked [Huseyin<br />

C<strong>et</strong>inJ and shown from the window of the<br />

school.<br />

"Four children of our village were<br />

asked where the bandits were and given<br />

electric shocks to the mouths. Their<br />

mouths bled and they had to be given<br />

medical treatment."<br />

or behind my back. Som<strong>et</strong>imes 1was kept<br />

hanging for minutes, som<strong>et</strong>imes for<br />

hours. I imagine lhat lhe periods, when<br />

my shoul<strong>de</strong>r bla<strong>de</strong>s pressed against my<br />

chesI, when Ihad difficulty in breathing,<br />

when I lost all feeling in my arms and<br />

could nol louch lhe floor, amount to a<br />

total of several days.<br />

"During this lime Iwas beaten up and<br />

given electric shocks while suspen<strong>de</strong>d in<br />

the air. My armpits were cut as if with a<br />

razor bla<strong>de</strong>. . . 1lived through days when<br />

electric shocks given to lhe loes, the<br />

sexualorgans and the hands and ears all<br />

seemed to converge in the belly of a<br />

human being. Only someone who has<br />

gone through the torture centres can<br />

know what it means when lightning<br />

strikes in the belly of a human<br />

being .....<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong>, a leacher. and his wife<br />

were d<strong>et</strong>ained on June 17, 1986in Elazig.<br />

Al sought assurances that the couple<br />

would not be tortured or ill-treated in<br />

Testimony: Forced to<br />

watch torture of wife<br />

"Worse than the physical torture, I<br />

was subjected to psychological torture,<br />

much more cruel and shameful for<br />

mankind.<br />

'~As well as the threat: 'If you do not<br />

speak, we will torture your daughter' in<br />

the presence of my two-year-old daughter<br />

in the torture chamber. Ilived through<br />

the agony of listening to the cries of her<br />

mother, who was tortured in the d<strong>et</strong>ention<br />

and interrogation cell at Gayr<strong>et</strong>tepe<br />

First Branch (Istanbul Political Police),<br />

unable to calm our weeping daughter.<br />

"Making <strong>de</strong>grading threats, they tortured<br />

my wife at my si<strong>de</strong>. 1 have seen a<br />

police truncheon in her anus. Can I and<br />

those like me, who have been subjected<br />

to such <strong>de</strong>grading and inhuman treatment,<br />

ever forg<strong>et</strong> all this?<br />

"I do not know how many times 1was<br />

huq up by my fe<strong>et</strong>, or in the crucifix<br />

PQsition, with my hands tied at the front<br />

Kemal Bilgel was forced to walch the torture al his wile.<br />

20


to<br />

Amnes"y International<br />

(suite)<br />

BULLETINi<br />

Theatre director Yilmaz Onay was d<strong>et</strong>ained in December 1986. He testilied that he was tortured<br />

for three days insi<strong>de</strong> Ankara Police Headquarters.<br />

d<strong>et</strong>ention. The Ministry of Justice replied<br />

in February 1987 that Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong> was<br />

one of the <strong>de</strong>fendants in the trial at Istanbul<br />

State Security Court, charged with<br />

membership in an illegal organization<br />

called TKEP (Turkish Communist<br />

Workers' Party). Allegations of torture<br />

were raised but found groundless so<br />

investigations into the allegations were<br />

stopped by the prosecutor.<br />

Kemal Bilg<strong>et</strong> says he was subjected to<br />

torture in Elazig and Istanbul for a total<br />

of one month. He saw a doctor only<br />

many months later, y<strong>et</strong> in a report dated<br />

August 7, 1986 issued by the Health<br />

Committee Elazig State Hospital, signs of<br />

the torture were documented.<br />

The above testimony is from Kemal<br />

Bilg<strong>et</strong>'s statement at his court hearing on<br />

January 15, 1987.<br />

III-treatment in prison<br />

After new regulations for the treatment<br />

of prisoners in military prisons were<br />

introduced on September 30, 1986 the<br />

Relik Baytar. a grammar school stu<strong>de</strong>ntlrom Batman says he was tortured lor 12 days in Siirt and<br />

Batman police stations 10 Januarv 1987<br />

situation in prison seemed to slightly<br />

improve but since Aprill987 new allegations<br />

of ill-treatment in military prisons<br />

have been received.<br />

In a press conference on April I, relatives<br />

of pris~ners in Istanbul claimed that<br />

prisoners in M<strong>et</strong>ris Military Prison were<br />

ill-treated. They claimed that six <strong>de</strong>fendants<br />

in a political trial at Istanbul Military<br />

Court had been stripped naked and<br />

beaten un<strong>de</strong>r the pr<strong>et</strong>ext of a routine<br />

search. Tb,.esix were accused of membership<br />

in the TKP /ML, Turkish Communist<br />

Party/Marxist-Leninist.<br />

In June 1987, inmates of Sagmalcilar<br />

Prison in Istanbul were beaten after they<br />

refused to wear chains on their way to<br />

court. Their court hearings are now proceeding<br />

in their absence.<br />

In Adana, mothers of political.prisoners<br />

complained at the beginnil1l of<br />

June 1987that their sons, Ayhan Kannis,<br />

Ali Nurdogan Koroglu and Haydar Karadag,<br />

were tortured in Adana Closed Prison<br />

because they refused to sing the<br />

national anthem and to participate in<br />

prayers during meals. Zeliha Karmis<br />

claimed her son suffered internal bleeding<br />

and that she had seen blood coming from<br />

his ear.<br />

Testimony: Criminal<br />

suspect tortured<br />

"On January 31, 1987 I was arrested<br />

while driving my taxi. Shortly after we<br />

had arrived at the police station they<br />

applied bastinado (beatings on the soles<br />

of the fe<strong>et</strong>) to me. They fixed my legs to<br />

a stick with a rope and tightened it by<br />

turning it five or six times.<br />

The first day I was beaten day and<br />

night and then I was taken to a cell for<br />

one person. I got nothing to eat or drink<br />

and I was not allowed to go to the toil<strong>et</strong>.<br />

They were swearing at me all the time.<br />

"On the second day I was sleeping in<br />

my cell when they arrived at around 2 or<br />

3 am. They took me handcuffed and<br />

blindfol<strong>de</strong>d to another room. Here they<br />

stripped me naked and tied one of my fe<strong>et</strong><br />

and my hands to som<strong>et</strong>hing. Again they<br />

beat me and sqeezed my testicles so that<br />

I screamed the whole time.<br />

"On the third day they told me to confess<br />

to the crime or I would have electric<br />

shocks applied to me ..They took me to<br />

a room and. asked me to undress.<br />

Although I resisted they took off all my<br />

clothes and fixed a cable to my little finger<br />

and applied electricity until ( fainted.<br />

~ 21


Amnesty International<br />

(suite)<br />

I could admit to nothing because I knew<br />

nothing, but they ma<strong>de</strong> me sign a statement.<br />

In court I learned that it was about<br />

a woman whose money had been stolen."<br />

Testimony of Ihsan AUabucak<br />

Testimony: Sexual abuse<br />

"We have youngsters aged 20 and<br />

21 at our disposal, hard as a rock. If<br />

they want to torture a girl sexually<br />

. . . why should they feel the needfor<br />

a truncheon?"<br />

Former General Turgut Sunalp,<br />

October 198.5<br />

"I was taken to Yenimahalle Police<br />

Station. My eyes were blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and I<br />

was taken to a place I do nbt know. Here<br />

I was stripped naked. First I was hosed<br />

with ice-cold water and given electric<br />

shocks. They wanted me to sign a statement,<br />

but I refused.<br />

"Thereupon they locked me in a single<br />

cell with a male stu<strong>de</strong>nt. We were both<br />

stripped naked. Un<strong>de</strong>r torture they tried<br />

to force the stu<strong>de</strong>nt to assault me<br />

sexually. As I could not stand it, I agreed<br />

to sign that statement."<br />

Nilufer Aydur is one of hundreds of<br />

stu<strong>de</strong>nts arrested in April 1987 after<br />

wi<strong>de</strong>spread protests against restrictions on<br />

stu<strong>de</strong>nt associations. Her testimony was<br />

given at a trial in May 1987, of 141 stu<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

at Ankara State Security Court.<br />

,'Because torture has become a<br />

profound and wi<strong>de</strong>spread<br />

political tool it is difficult to erase its<br />

roots. . . Therefore the authorities<br />

are <strong>de</strong>fending torture and trying to<br />

hi<strong>de</strong> it."<br />

Journalist Ilhan Selcuk, February 1986<br />

Testimony: Threats and<br />

torture<br />

"I was d<strong>et</strong>ained on December 24 in<br />

Ankara. They also took my wife to the<br />

police station. I immediately admitted to<br />

stealing a car because I had really done<br />

that. I asked them to release my wife and<br />

my sister. They immediately beat me and<br />

said: ' You have a record of political<br />

crime and at your home we have found<br />

banned publications; you are still involved<br />

in political activities.' I said that<br />

I had been imprisoned for eight years for<br />

political crime, but that possession of<br />

individual banned books was not forbid- .<br />

<strong>de</strong>n. They said: 'You know too much.'<br />

22<br />

BULLETINfl<br />

"j WelS taken to the torture room<br />

while being beaten. There I was subjected<br />

to hanging, electric shocks and the<br />

bastinado. They also swore at me the<br />

whole time. This lasted for about an<br />

hour. They had a break and just when I<br />

thought the torture had stQpped they<br />

started again.<br />

"For five days we were tortured, 1I<br />

times in all. I only admitted stealing a car.<br />

They wanted me and my brother-in-law<br />

to admit to another robbery and political<br />

activities.<br />

•'On the evening of the sixth day they<br />

blindfol<strong>de</strong>d me and took me to the torture<br />

room. Here they said that I must<br />

admit to the political activities or the robbery<br />

or they would torture my wife in<br />

front of me• I said that I had done<br />

nothing like that and could not admit it.<br />

They told me to open my eyes and took<br />

away my blindfold and I saw my sister<br />

whose eyes and face were swollen. I<br />

shouted but I was held by four or five<br />

policemen.<br />

"Then they blindfol<strong>de</strong>d my sister and<br />

started to beat her and take her clothes<br />

off. I went wild and kicked at the policemen.<br />

An officer said that they should g<strong>et</strong><br />

my wife as well. I could not stand this torture<br />

inflicted on my sister and said I<br />

would admit to everything."<br />

Testimony of Namik Konyalioglu<br />

What you can do<br />

Because of the persistent evi<strong>de</strong>nce of<br />

torture in Turkey AI believes that the<br />

Turkish Government should implement<br />

the following measures:<br />

• The highest authorities in Turkey<br />

should issue clear instructions that torture<br />

will not be tolerated un<strong>de</strong>r any circumstances.<br />

• The Turkish Government should establish<br />

an impartial body to investigate all<br />

complaints and reports of torture. Its<br />

findings and m<strong>et</strong>hods of investigation<br />

should be ma<strong>de</strong> public.<br />

• Relatives and lawyers should be<br />

promptly informed of the whereabouts<br />

of d<strong>et</strong>ainees and have immediate and<br />

regular access to them.<br />

• Steps should be taken to ensure that<br />

confessions or other evi<strong>de</strong>nce obtained<br />

through torture may never be invoked<br />

in legal proceedings.<br />

• The Turkish Government should sign<br />

and ratify the UN Convention Against<br />

Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or<br />

Degrading Treatment or Punishment<br />

which entered into force on June 26,<br />

Serhat Simsek. presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the stu<strong>de</strong>nts' association<br />

at !ne machine faculty at Istanbul Technical<br />

University, was held incommunicado for 25 days<br />

by the political police in January 1987. He said he<br />

was tortured and also witnessed the torture of<br />

others.<br />

1987. Criminal proceedings should be<br />

instituted against alleged torturers, as<br />

called for in the UN Convention.<br />

Please write to the authorities urging them<br />

to take effective steps to stop torture<br />

and In particular to implement these<br />

measures. Send your l<strong>et</strong>ters to:<br />

Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Kenan Evren<br />

Office of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Baskanligi<br />

Ankara<br />

Turkey<br />

and:<br />

Turgut Ozal<br />

Office of the Prime Minister<br />

Basbakanlik<br />

Ankara<br />

Turkey<br />

Canadians mayalso write to:<br />

His Excellency Kaya G. Toperi<br />

Ambassador<br />

197 Wurtemburg SI.<br />

Ottawa, Ont. KIN 8L9


HEER<br />

Vie zerklüft<strong>et</strong>cn Ilergc siml die<br />

natürlidlfm Verbünd<strong>et</strong>e" <strong>de</strong>r<br />

kurdischen Au{stiindisdlen.<br />

15.11 .1 9 ~7<br />

ger, die - so heißt es - von<br />

<strong>de</strong>r CIA zu <strong>de</strong>n besten <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Welt gezählt wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Der erste große und organisierte<br />

Aufstand <strong>de</strong>r Kur<strong>de</strong>n für<br />

einen eigenen Nationalstaat in<br />

dér mo<strong>de</strong>rnen Geschichte wur<strong>de</strong><br />

1880 von einem Scheich namens<br />

Obeidullah gegen die<br />

türkischen<br />

Osmanen-Herrscher<br />

geführt, vergeblich. 1920<br />

sprachen die Gegner <strong>de</strong>r Achsenmächte<br />

in einem Vertrag,<br />

<strong>de</strong>n sie in Sevres mit <strong>de</strong>n Türken<br />

schlossen, von Autonomie ",h<br />

für die Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Das war \Oe... • ,,< J<br />

gessen, als 1923 - nach, ,~t ' ,.~i~<br />

Revolution Kemal Atatüfks~ : l..<br />

mit <strong>de</strong>r Türkei, <strong>de</strong>m R~:_~'"<br />

zerschlagenen Osman~. 't~<br />

. ,.. " Reiches, in Lausanne einiFriC- .<br />

'\~;.1'\~\.~<strong>de</strong>nsvertrag geschlossen -\vor.; y. ,:,<br />

t ....:~\~.s <strong>de</strong>. Ein autonomes Kurdistan<br />

;.\i ,'~4'~:"'~1 i wur<strong>de</strong> mit keiner Silbe er-<br />

. ~~.K., '~~~-.:~'~l..; .,,~...~ t-:: wähnt.<br />

..<br />

.<br />

. .'.:.:.... ;:;'f'~~.,~.~ Dcr Begrund~r <strong>de</strong>r mo<strong>de</strong>r •<br />

.j,,-~ ,,~~~" ••• :.'~ ':.;':"'


HEER (suite)<br />

rung ausmacht. strikt verneint.<br />

Man spricht von <strong>de</strong>n Kur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

als »Bergtürken«.<br />

Alle Erhebungen gegen die<br />

türkische Herrschaft, mit <strong>de</strong>nen<br />

sich dio Kur<strong>de</strong>n in <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Jahren 1925, 1929, 1935 und<br />

1938zumin<strong>de</strong>st Autonomie erkämpfcn<br />

wollten, wur<strong>de</strong>n nie<strong>de</strong>rgeschlagen.<br />

Zwischen <strong>de</strong>n<br />

politischen Fronten<br />

Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n waren und sind<br />

bis heute aber <strong>de</strong>n Rcgicrungen<br />

in diesem Teil <strong>de</strong>s Nahen<br />

und Mittleren Ostens ein st<strong>et</strong>s<br />

willkommenes Mittel. um <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Nachbarn Schwierigkeiten zu<br />

machen. Solche Manipulationen<br />

und Intrigen wur<strong>de</strong>n und<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n nicht nur qadurch<br />

ziemlich leicht. daß die Kur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

eben unter so verschie<strong>de</strong>nen<br />

Regierungen leben. son<strong>de</strong>rn<br />

auch. weil sie selbst in verschie<strong>de</strong>ne<br />

Stämme und Clans<br />

geglie<strong>de</strong>rt sind, <strong>de</strong>nen die erste<br />

Loyalität gilt und <strong>de</strong>ren Führer<br />

oft untereinan<strong>de</strong>r rivalisieren<br />

und bis zu blutigen Auseinan<strong>de</strong>rs<strong>et</strong>zungen<br />

zerstritten sind.<br />

So erhielten jene Kur<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

die unter <strong>de</strong>r Führung von<br />

Mullah Mustafa Barsani seit<br />

Beginn <strong>de</strong>r 60er Jahre gegen<br />

das arabische Baath-Regime<br />

im Irak und für Autonomie<br />

kiimpften. vorn Schah von Iran<br />

b<strong>et</strong>rächtliche Unterstützung.<br />

Als sich <strong>de</strong>r Herrscher auf <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Pfauenthron in Teheran jedoch<br />

1975 in Algier mit <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Irakis über eine für Iran vorteilhafte<br />

Grenzziehung im<br />

Wasserweg Schatt-el-Arab am<br />

Nor<strong>de</strong>n<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Golfs einigte,<br />

ließ <strong>de</strong>r Schah <strong>de</strong>n Kur<strong>de</strong>n-<br />

Führer Barsani fallen. Der<br />

Aufstand <strong>de</strong>r Anhänger Barsaois,<br />

<strong>de</strong>r »Peschmergahs«, gegen<br />

Bagdad, brach schl••gartig<br />

Schwarzes Meer<br />

,YAIEN<br />

241<br />

,.<br />

, I I,,'<br />

(. ,..<br />

I<br />

I<br />

zusammen. Bald jedoch, illich<strong>de</strong>m<br />

<strong>de</strong>r mittlerweile verstorbene<br />

Schah Rezah Pahlevi von<br />

<strong>de</strong>r islamischen Revolution <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Ayutolluh Ruhullah Chomeini<br />

~estürlt und außer LlIn<strong>de</strong>s ge-<br />

Jagt wor<strong>de</strong>n war, bruch 1980<br />

<strong>de</strong>r iranisch-irakische Krieg<br />

aus. Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n sowohl <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Irun .als' auch <strong>de</strong>s Irak kämpften<br />

wie<strong>de</strong>r-auf beitlen Seiten<br />

und auch zwischen <strong>de</strong>n Fronten.<br />

für Kurdistan und zeitweise<br />

auch gegeneinan<strong>de</strong>r. Sie<br />

sind im sogenannten Golfkrieg<br />

min<strong>de</strong>stens ein wichtiger Störfaktor,<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Kräfte bind<strong>et</strong>. sowohl<br />

für Teheran élis auch für<br />

Bagdad. Experten für NATO-<br />

Staaten werdcn die Kur<strong>de</strong>nkümpfe<br />

aber nicht nur wegen<br />

i1uer Be<strong>de</strong>utung für <strong>de</strong>n Ausgang<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Golfkriegcs beobachten<br />

und analysieren, sOI1(Jcrn<br />

vor allcm auch. weil <strong>de</strong>r NA-<br />

TO-Partner Türkei im eigenen<br />

Lan<strong>de</strong> mit <strong>de</strong>n Kur<strong>de</strong>n blutige<br />

Auseinan<strong>de</strong>rs<strong>et</strong>zungen hélt.<br />

Dort sind es vor allem die<br />

Mitglie<strong>de</strong>r und Anhünger <strong>de</strong>r<br />

»Kurdischen Arbeiterpartei«<br />

(PKK), die mit ÜberfiilIen auf<br />

Militärposten und mittlerweile<br />

auch auf Dörfer nach <strong>de</strong>m »hit<br />

and run«-Schema* Unruhe im<br />

Südostcn <strong>de</strong>s Lan<strong>de</strong>s hervorrufen.<br />

Dabei ist die PKK genauso<br />

marxistisch-leninistisch ausgericht<strong>et</strong><br />

wie die kurdische<br />

»Komeleh«-Partei im Iran. Bezeichnen<strong>de</strong>rweise<br />

wird die<br />

»Kurdische Arbeiterpartei«<br />

nicht nur vom Iran. son<strong>de</strong>rn<br />

auch von Syrien unterstützt,<br />

von wo aus ihre Guerilla gegen<br />

die türkische Regierung ope-<br />

• zuschlilgcn<br />

U.d.S.S.R.<br />

~ Il<br />

\iIj 111<br />

SUl.Evt,lANlY SAOIZ<br />

+m, ,<br />

JI' '.<br />

~ f KERMAHSAH<br />

und d,lVIllilufcn<br />

lIRAN<br />

I<br />

' 11111<br />

riert. Syrien wie<strong>de</strong>rum llilt hekélnntlich<br />

enge militiirische<br />

Verhindungen mit <strong>de</strong>r Sowj<strong>et</strong>uniun.<br />

Die Türkei hut sich bislang<br />

zu keinen Konzessionen an die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n in' ihrem Lan<strong>de</strong> bereitgefun<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

geschweige <strong>de</strong>nn die<br />

Bereitschaft hekund<strong>et</strong>. dieser<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>rheit, die ein kmlppes<br />

Viertel <strong>de</strong>r Gesamtbevölkerung<br />

ausmachen' dürfte, irgen<strong>de</strong>in<br />

Maß von auch nur kultureller<br />

Autonomie zu gewiihren.<br />

Die Regierung in Ankara<br />

fürcht<strong>et</strong> offenbar um <strong>de</strong>n geschlossenen<br />

Bestand <strong>de</strong>s türkischen<br />

Nationalstaates. Entsprechend<br />

hart geht sie gegen<br />

die kurdischen Rebellen vor.<br />

Bei diesen Einsätzen kann das<br />

türkische Militiir sogar über<br />

die Grcnze zum Irak hinweg<br />

operieren - bis zu zchn Kilom<strong>et</strong>cr<br />

tief ins Nachbarland hinein.<br />

Das lUll die irakisehe Regierung<br />

Ankara bereits 1984<br />

zugestandcn.<br />

Im Oktober vergangenen<br />

Jahres griffen Kur<strong>de</strong>n zum ersten<br />

Mal auch eine Einrichtung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r NATO an: Sie beschossen<br />

die Radarstation Mardin in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Südost-Türkei, 30 km von <strong>de</strong>r<br />

syrischen Grenze entfernt.<br />

Inzwischen greifen die Guerillas<br />

<strong>de</strong>r »Kurdischen Arbeiterpartei«<br />

aber auch kurdische<br />

Dörfer an. Die Berichte von<br />

jencm schrccklichen Gcm<strong>et</strong>zel<br />

in dcm Dorf Pinarcik. bei <strong>de</strong>m<br />

31 Einwohner g<strong>et</strong>öt<strong>et</strong> wur<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

gingen im Juni um die Welt.<br />

Die PKK-Rebellen wollcn mit<br />

solchen .eson<strong>de</strong>rs grausamen<br />

Blutbä<strong>de</strong>rn offenbar jene Kur<strong>de</strong>n<br />

»strafen«. die nicht für bewaffn<strong>et</strong>en<br />

Kampf für einen eigenen<br />

Staat sind und nicht bereit<br />

sind zur Unterstützung <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Marxisten von <strong>de</strong>r PKK.<br />

Und obendrein wollen die<br />

I<strong>de</strong>ologen und Strategen <strong>de</strong>r<br />

»Kurdischen Arbeiterpartei«<br />

anscheinend die türkische Regierung<br />

zu immer massiverem<br />

Einsatz von Militär und immer<br />

härtcren Aktionen gegen die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>n zwingen, damit dadurch<br />

größerer Ilaß und<br />

schließlich Aufstand gegen<br />

Ankara entsteht. Die Türkei<br />

muß also im eigenen Land eincn<br />

Guerillakrieg<br />

Zivilbevölkerung<br />

führen. Die<br />

leid<strong>et</strong> auch<br />

hier. wie in allen solchen Auseinan<strong>de</strong>rs<strong>et</strong>zungen,<br />

gewiß am<br />

meisten - gleich ob sie sich<br />

engagiert o<strong>de</strong>r auf welcher Seite<br />

sie steht.<br />

AuUcnpolitische<br />

Belastung<br />

Außenpolitisch bereit<strong>et</strong> das<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>ndrama <strong>de</strong>r Türkei auch<br />

dadurch Schwierigkeiten, daß<br />

zum Beispiel dus Europupurlament<br />

im vergungenén Juni in<br />

einer Resolution von Ankaru<br />

gefor<strong>de</strong>rt hat, in Rechtsnachfolge<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Osmunischen Reiches<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Völkermord anzuerkennen,<br />

<strong>de</strong>r 1915-1917 an <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Armeniern begangen<br />

sei. Für die aktuelle<br />

wor<strong>de</strong>n<br />

I)olitik<br />

wog vielleicht sogar schwerer,<br />

daß die Europaparlmnentarier<br />

in <strong>de</strong>r ~Ieichen Entschließung<br />

erklärten. auch Ankaras »Weigerung.<br />

die Kurdcnfrage anzuerkennen".<br />

sei ein Ilin<strong>de</strong>rnis<br />

für die Prüfung eines eventuel-<br />

Icn Beitritts <strong>de</strong>r Türken zur<br />

EG. Bei <strong>de</strong>n Türken wur ein<br />

Nerv g<strong>et</strong>roffen. Staatspräsi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Kenan Evren erklärte<br />

postwen<strong>de</strong>nd, duß man unter<br />

solchen Umstün<strong>de</strong>n noch einmal<br />

über die NATO »Illlch<strong>de</strong>nken«<br />

müsse, als <strong>de</strong>ren Eckpfeiler<br />

sein Land sonst st<strong>et</strong>s gelobt<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Solche Äußerungen sind<br />

wohl eher als ein momentaner<br />

Ausdruck <strong>de</strong>r Verärgerung<br />

<strong>de</strong>nn als ernsthafte Drohung<br />

zu werten. Dennoch ist. nicht<br />

zu leugnen: Das Kur<strong>de</strong>nprohlem<br />

ist eine reale polili,sehe<br />

Belastung im Bündnis.' Die<br />

Kämpfe sind allerdings .auch<br />

eine reale Gefahr für die Türkei:<br />

Durell das Aktionsgebi<strong>et</strong><br />

dcr »Kurdischen Arbeiterpartei«<br />

verlaufen sowohl die Pipeline,<br />

durch die gegen dringend<br />

benötigte Devisen irakisches<br />

Erdöl nach Dortyol an <strong>de</strong>r türkischen<br />

Mittelmeerküste<br />

fließt, als auch die Europa-<br />

Straße 24, auf <strong>de</strong>r täglich l'und<br />

5 000 Autos verkehren. die<br />

Mehrzahl davon Tanklastwagen.<br />

Es darf auch nicht übersehen<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n, daß Moskau die<br />

kurdischen »Separatisten« als<br />

sehr wirksame Mittel <strong>de</strong>r Destabilisierung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r strategisch so<br />

wichtigen Türkei sehen mußund<br />

es mit <strong>de</strong>n Syrern als »Mittelsmännern«<br />

offenbar schon<br />

eins<strong>et</strong>zt.<br />

Alles dies und nicht zul<strong>et</strong>zt<br />

die politischen Werte und<br />

Überzeugungen. wie Freiheit,<br />

Demokratie und Menschenrechte<br />

-, die zu wahren die<br />

NATO schließliçh geschlagen<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>, sind Grün<strong>de</strong> genug zu<br />

hoffen. daß die Türkei die<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>nfrage friedlich lösen<br />

wird. Solchen Frie<strong>de</strong>n zumin<strong>de</strong>st<br />

und kulturelle Autonomie<br />

möchte man <strong>de</strong>n Kur<strong>de</strong>n wünschen.<br />

'


HOVEHBER 1987<br />

ureh urdistan<br />

VERFOLGTES VOLK • VERBOTENE SPRACHE<br />

Wann immer in <strong>de</strong>n l<strong>et</strong>zten Monaten die<br />

Beamten <strong>de</strong>s Bonner Auslän<strong>de</strong>ramtes aus.<br />

schwärmten, um abgelehnte Asylanträge zu<br />

"vollstrecken", die B<strong>et</strong>roffenen in Abschiebe.<br />

haft zu nehmen und <strong>de</strong>n Polizeibehör<strong>de</strong>n zu<br />

überstellen, han<strong>de</strong>lte es sich in zahlreichen<br />

Fällen um Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Fast 400.000 leben in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Bun<strong>de</strong>srepublik, die meisten als Arbeitsemi.<br />

granten ins land gekommen zu einer Zeit, als<br />

bun<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>utsche Werb<strong>et</strong>rupps noch auf <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Suche nach Arbeitskräften durch die län<strong>de</strong>r<br />

rund urn's Mittelmeer zogen.<br />

Dennoch gibt es in offiziellen Statistiken<br />

keine Kur<strong>de</strong>n. Sie sind Türken, Iraner, Iraker<br />

o<strong>de</strong>r Syrer. Seit die Siegermächte <strong>de</strong>s ersten<br />

Weltkrieges 1923 im Vertrag von Lausanne<br />

die Grenzen für <strong>de</strong>n 'Nahen Osten'. neu zo°<br />

gen, verlaufen die Staatsgrenzen im Dreilän.<br />

<strong>de</strong>reck Iran.lrak.Türkei mitten durch die Hei.<br />

mat <strong>de</strong>s Kurdischen Volkes.<br />

Die kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>e sind die Armen.<br />

häuser <strong>de</strong>r Nahoststaaten, die höchsten An.<br />

alphab<strong>et</strong>enraten im Iran o<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r Türkei bele.<br />

gen das.<br />

Im Schatten <strong>de</strong>s Golfkrieges zwischen Iran<br />

und Irak wer<strong>de</strong>n auch die Kur<strong>de</strong>n zwischen<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Fronten zerrieben. Unter <strong>de</strong>m Vorwand<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Bekämpfung terroristischer und separati.<br />

stischer Ban<strong>de</strong>n versucht die türkische Ar.<br />

mee das Gebi<strong>et</strong> zu 'befrie<strong>de</strong>n'. Luftangriffe<br />

auf kurdische Dörfer, auch auf Irakischem<br />

Gebi<strong>et</strong>, sind keine Seltenheit mehr. Militär.<br />

operationen, Folterungen, Massenverhaftun.<br />

gen und Zwangsumsiedlungen sind an <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Tagesordnung. 300.000 Soldaten, ein Drittel<br />

<strong>de</strong>r türkischen Armee, operieren im Wohnge.<br />

bl<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>r Kur<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Ein Mitarbeiter <strong>de</strong>s Kurdischen <strong>Institut</strong>s<br />

hat für OE SCHNÜSS die Eindrücke seiner<br />

Reise in die kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>e <strong>de</strong>r Türkei<br />

notiert.<br />

Als das ZDF im FrOhjahr 1987<br />

in seiner Sendung "Nachbarn in<br />

Europa" es wagte auf die ca.<br />

300.000 Arbeitsemigranten aus<br />

<strong>de</strong>r TOrkel mit kurdischer Natio-<br />

-nalitat hinzuweisen, hagelte es<br />

Proteste. TOrkische Tageszeitun.<br />

gen nannten <strong>de</strong>n Beitrag Ober<br />

die kurdische Kultur "eine Provokation<br />

und eine Beleidigung <strong>de</strong>r<br />

tarkischen Nation".<br />

Ankaras Botschafter verwahrte<br />

sich - wie schon bei an<strong>de</strong>ren<br />

Gelegenheiten - entschie<strong>de</strong>n<br />

dagegen, daß in <strong>de</strong>n west<strong>de</strong>utschen<br />

Medien auf die Existenz<br />

eines Volkes hingewiesen wird,<br />

das es in seinem Land seit 1925<br />

offiziell nicht gibt: Die Kur<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Der Kemalismus als<br />

Slaalsdoktrin<br />

Der GrOn<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r tOrkischen Republik,<br />

Kemal AtatOrk, aul <strong>de</strong>n<br />

sich rechte wie "linke" tOrkische<br />

Parteien und Politiker berufen,<br />

hat seinen Nachfolgern eine Hypothek<br />

hinterlassen, die bis heute<br />

fOr innen- und außenpolitische<br />

Unruhe sorgt. Die Orientierung<br />

auf einen "mo<strong>de</strong>rnen NatIonalismus"<br />

und die Leugnung <strong>de</strong>r multikulturellen<br />

Vergangenheit <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Lan<strong>de</strong>s fOhrten dazu, daB die<br />

TOrkei ihre inneren Wi<strong>de</strong>rsprO.<br />

che immer wie<strong>de</strong>r mit militari.<br />

schen Mittel "löste": Durch die<br />

Liquidierung <strong>de</strong>s christlichen<br />

Elements in <strong>de</strong>r ostanatolischen<br />

~ 25


DII .CHNO.. ( suite)<br />

Gesellschaft (Massaker an <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Armeniern), die Vertreibung <strong>de</strong>r<br />

griechischen Min<strong>de</strong>rheit, die Ko.<br />

,Ionisierung <strong>de</strong>r kurdischen Ge.<br />

bi<strong>et</strong>e und durch die massive Ver.<br />

folgung und Unterdrückung Je.<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Art von politischer und kultu.<br />

relier Opposition Im Osten <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Lan<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

Dem ehemaligen Bürgermel.<br />

ster von Diyarbakir, Mehdi Zana,<br />

brachte sein Bekenntnis "Ich bin<br />

stolz, Kur<strong>de</strong> zu sein" eine mehrjährige<br />

Gefängnisstrafe ein. Bereits<br />

vor <strong>de</strong>m Putsch <strong>de</strong>r Generä.<br />

le im September 1980 war seine<br />

Arbeit durch die Behör<strong>de</strong>n in An.<br />

kara massiv behin<strong>de</strong>rt wor<strong>de</strong>n:<br />

durch <strong>de</strong>n Entzug von Steuermitteln<br />

und <strong>de</strong>n Boykott von sozialen<br />

und technischen Leistungen,<br />

Französische BOrgermeister organisierten<br />

damals zu seiner Un.<br />

terstützung die Lieferung von<br />

mehreren Bussen und einem Generator<br />

fOr die Stromversorgung<br />

Ein Bus trug die Parole "Vive le<br />

Kurdistan". Für die Teilnahme<br />

an <strong>de</strong>r Überführung erhielt Zana<br />

8 Jahre Gefängnis. Nach <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Putsch wur<strong>de</strong> er seines Amtes<br />

enthoben und Inhaftiert, gefol.<br />

tert und sitzt trotz internationaler<br />

Proteste heute, halb taub ge- ,<br />

schlagen, Im Gefängnis von Diy.<br />

arbakir. Ähnlich ging es zahlrei.<br />

chen seiner Kollegen, die als un.<br />

abhängige (kurdische) Kandidaten<br />

in öffentliche Ämter gekommen<br />

waren.<br />

Die For<strong>de</strong>rung <strong>de</strong>s sozial<strong>de</strong>mokratischen<br />

Abgeordn<strong>et</strong>en<br />

Turgut Atalay aus Sirt, das Parteiprogramm<br />

<strong>de</strong>r CHP auch Ins<br />

Kurdische zu übers<strong>et</strong>zen, vers<strong>et</strong>zte<br />

seine Parteiführung in heile<br />

Aufregung und als sich <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Parteibezirk Diyarbarkir hinter<br />

seine For<strong>de</strong>rung stellte, wur<strong>de</strong><br />

Mitte Juni '87 die gesamte Parteiorganisation<br />

gelöst.<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Bezirkes auf.<br />

Kurdistan - ein bes<strong>et</strong>ztes Land<br />

"Stellt Euch vor, zwei Drittel<br />

Eurer Armee war<strong>de</strong> in Bayern<br />

stationiert, je<strong>de</strong> Stadt war<strong>de</strong> von<br />

<strong>de</strong>r naheliegen<strong>de</strong>n Garnison beherrscht,<br />

je<strong>de</strong>s Dort von einem<br />

schwerbewaffn<strong>et</strong>en Milittüposten.<br />

Hoch<strong>de</strong>utsch war<strong>de</strong> zur al.<br />

leinigen Sprache In allen Ämtern<br />

und ,Beh6r<strong>de</strong>n. Der bayrische<br />

Dialekt war<strong>de</strong> verboten, alte<br />

Ortsnamen war<strong>de</strong>n preussifi.<br />

ziert, wer vorher Yaver o<strong>de</strong>r Sepp<br />

hieB, dart j<strong>et</strong>zt zwischen Fritz<br />

und Wilhelm wllhlen. Renitente<br />

D6rfer war<strong>de</strong>n nach Nie<strong>de</strong>rsachsen<br />

umgesie<strong>de</strong>lt, aut oppositionel/e<br />

Gruppen und Personen<br />

machte die' GSG 9 Jagd ... eine<br />

absur<strong>de</strong> Vorstellung mitten in<br />

Europa, aber bei uns Ist sie RealitSt."<br />

Der kurdische Arzt, <strong>de</strong>r<br />

mehrere 'Jahre In Freiburg studiert<br />

hatte, .klärte uns beim Be.<br />

such <strong>de</strong>s Atatürk-Denkmals vor<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Toren Diyarbaklrs <strong>de</strong>rart anschaulich<br />

über die Situation in<br />

seinem Lan<strong>de</strong> auf und fOgte ein<br />

Beispiel aus <strong>de</strong>m eigenen Tätigkeitsbereich<br />

hinzu:" Wenn ich im<br />

Krankenhaus mit meinen Patien.<br />

ten kurdisch re<strong>de</strong>, weil sie mich<br />

nicht verstehen und Ich sie sonst<br />

nicht behan<strong>de</strong>ln kann, muß ich<br />

mit Ärger und Nachtel/en rech.<br />

nen. Wer hier <strong>et</strong>was wer<strong>de</strong>n will<br />

- z.B. Facharzt - <strong>de</strong>r muB sei.<br />

ne kurdische I<strong>de</strong>ntität veleug.<br />

nen, muB schweigen, wenn ihm<br />

die MilitSrs totkranke o<strong>de</strong>r gefolterte<br />

"Pati~nten ohne Namen" ,<br />

einliefern und fOr die medizinische<br />

Versorgung <strong>de</strong>r Landbev61-<br />

kerung fehlt es an Ärzten, Ambulatorien<br />

und am guten Willen <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Verantwortlichen. " .<br />

Kemal Atatürks Portrait Ist<br />

auch in <strong>de</strong>r heimlichen Hauptstadt<br />

Türkisch-Kurdistans allgegenwärtig:<br />

Im Cafe, in <strong>de</strong>r Bank,<br />

Im Hotel, In allen öffentlichen<br />

und vIelen privaten Gebäu<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

aber <strong>de</strong>r Schein trügt. Im Hotel<br />

treffen sich Angehörige <strong>de</strong>r poli-<br />

1" ••••<br />

,_/ -<br />

-",,"<br />

MItteImeer<br />

'"",<br />

tischen Gefangenen; unter <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Leuchtreklame, die die Konturen<br />

<strong>de</strong>s "großen Führers" erkennen<br />

läBt, fan<strong>de</strong>n bis 1980 die groBen<br />

Kundgebungen statt, heute tref.<br />

fen sich hier bel einem Glas Tee<br />

Oppositionelle, die trotz Repres.<br />

sion nicht aufgegeben haben.<br />

"FOr die EuropSer und die<br />

USA ist diese Gegend geopolitisch<br />

Interessant" erklärte uns<br />

ein an<strong>de</strong>rer Gesprächspartner,<br />

"hier wird angeblich <strong>de</strong>r freie<br />

Westen verteidigt, wShrend slcll<br />

die Armee auffahrt wie in einem<br />

bes<strong>et</strong>zten Land, Die Aktionen<br />

<strong>de</strong>r PKK sind mehr Folge als Ursache<br />

dieser ganzen Misere. Far<br />

die NA TO sind unsere Anliegen<br />

ein StOrtaktor und tar die TOrken<br />

sind wir ungebild<strong>et</strong>, unterentwickelt<br />

und mitunter eben auch<br />

gewalttStig." Damit beschreibt<br />

er ein gängiges Muster mit <strong>de</strong>m<br />

oft iluch "liberale" lOrkische Intellektuelle<br />

die Probleme <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Osten analysieren.<br />

~' ..~,,;<br />

Aus Deschner, Saladins Sahne, mit treundl. Genehmigung <strong>de</strong>s Kurdischen <strong>Institut</strong>s Bonn<br />

. ---.J'--~ -'\ \ "<br />

---.....<br />

~ '-


D••<br />

CHNO••<br />

(suite)<br />

Ein Dozent einer tOrkischen<br />

UniversItAt hatte dieses Muster<br />

in einem Gesprlch um einen Interessanten<br />

und vieldiskutierten<br />

Punkt erweitert: "Wir haben .1.<br />

les, um In <strong>de</strong>r fG bestehen zu<br />

kOnnen: Wasser, Bo<strong>de</strong>nschllze,<br />

gute BO<strong>de</strong>n, flelB/ga Menschen.<br />

Was unsera Han<strong>de</strong>lsbilanz Immer<br />

wie<strong>de</strong>r in die roten Zahlen<br />

treibt, sind die frdOlimporte.<br />

Wenn wir z.B. Kirkuk hlJtten ..."<br />

Kirkuk - ein Zentrum <strong>de</strong>r Ira.<br />

kischen Ölför<strong>de</strong>rung - liegt In<br />

<strong>de</strong>r ehemaligen Mosulprovlnz,<br />

die Ankara 1918 an die britische<br />

Kolonialmacht und dann an die<br />

neu gegrOnd<strong>et</strong>e Haschemlten.<br />

monarchie <strong>de</strong>s Irak verlor.<br />

Hauptverlierer unter <strong>de</strong>n Erben<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Osmanischen Reiches wa.<br />

ren aber die Bewohner dieser Region:<br />

die kurdischen StAmme. Ih.<br />

re politischen Rechte und For<strong>de</strong>rungen<br />

wur<strong>de</strong>n in Interessen <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Großmächte und <strong>de</strong>r benachbar.<br />

ten Staaten Syrien, Irak, Iran und<br />

TOrkel untergeordn<strong>et</strong>. Heute<br />

fliegt die tOrkische Luftwaffe Angriffe<br />

auf kurdische Dörfer au.<br />

Berhalb <strong>de</strong>r NATO-Grenzen. Vom<br />

Machtvakuum zwischen <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Iran UfId <strong>de</strong>m Irak möchte auch<br />

die TOrkei profitieren und von<br />

<strong>de</strong>n "verlorenen Ostgebi<strong>et</strong>en"<br />

träumen nicht nur extreme Rech.<br />

te, wie <strong>de</strong>r MHP-FOhrer TOrkes.<br />

Die "Entwicklung"<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Ostens<br />

Wer das Quellgebi<strong>et</strong> zwischen<br />

Euphrat und Tigris Im FrOhsommer<br />

bereist, wun<strong>de</strong>rt sich Ober<br />

<strong>de</strong>n Wasserreichtum <strong>de</strong>r Tallagen,<br />

bedingt durch die langen<br />

und schneereichen Winter. Das<br />

Schmelzwasser wird durch zahlreiche<br />

Staudämme zur Energie.<br />

gewinnung und Bewässerung<br />

genutzt, aber die Probleme <strong>de</strong>r.<br />

artiger GroBprojekte dèuten sich<br />

heute schon an: fOr die Euphrat-<br />

Stauseen wer<strong>de</strong>n kurdische Dörfer<br />

zwangsumgesie<strong>de</strong>lt; die Ufer<br />

bestehen aus mächtigen Geröll.<br />

schichten, die ein langsames<br />

Verlan<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>r Seen befOrchten<br />

lassen; von <strong>de</strong>n Bewässérungs-<br />

Projekten im GAP.Projekt, zum<br />

Ausbau <strong>de</strong>r Infrastruktur in <strong>de</strong>n<br />

kurdischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>en, fOr die ein<br />

30 km langer Tunnel im Bau ist,<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n in Zukunft GroBgrundbesitzer<br />

und reiche Finanziers profitieren,<br />

die auf hohe Exporte In<br />

die EG spekulieren.<br />

Politisch abgesichert wird diese<br />

Politik durch die Ansiedlung<br />

türkischer FlOchtlinge aus Afqhanistan<br />

und Bulgarien, durch<br />

Ubereinkommen mit <strong>de</strong>m Nach.<br />

barland Syrien (das Immerhin um<br />

sein Euphrat.Wasser fOrchtfm<br />

muß) und das Angebot an die 01.<br />

staaten, eine Wasserpipeline zu<br />

bauen. Mit einer gezlelten Verbesserung<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Lebensgrundla.<br />

gen <strong>de</strong>r Bevölkerung haben die<br />

durchgefOhrten o<strong>de</strong>r geplanten<br />

Projekte allerdings wenig zu tun.<br />

TUrkischll Sitzordnung: GllfBngllnll vor lIinllm Militilrgllricht in Diyarbakir<br />

Dies gilt auch fOr die Anstren.<br />

gungen <strong>de</strong>r tOrkischen Regierung<br />

mit Hilfe <strong>de</strong>r bun<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>utschen<br />

Gesellschaft fOr technische<br />

Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) in<br />

Kurdistan neue Buntm<strong>et</strong>allager<br />

ausfindig zu machen.<br />

"Far die TOrken Ist das hier <strong>de</strong>r<br />

'Wil<strong>de</strong> Westen', man rechn<strong>et</strong> in<br />

diesem weitgehend unerschlos.<br />

senen Gebi<strong>et</strong> mit enormen Bo<strong>de</strong>nschiltzen",<br />

meinte ein <strong>de</strong>utscher<br />

Techniker, aber "far Seismographen<br />

und eine funktionle.<br />

ren<strong>de</strong> Erdbebenvorwarnung gibt<br />

es kein Ge/d", fOgte unser kurdl.<br />

scher Begleiter hinzu. "A/s im<br />

Winter '76 nach einem Erdbeben<br />

tausen<strong>de</strong> von Kur<strong>de</strong>n verhungerten<br />

und erfroren, haben die in<br />

Ankara sich die Internationa/en<br />

Hi/fsge/<strong>de</strong>r in die eigene Tasche<br />

gewirtschaft<strong>et</strong>." Geblieben sind<br />

'die Ruinen in Muradiye und Caldiran,<br />

die Häuser aus Fertigtei.<br />

len, die nach internationalen<br />

Protesten dann doch noch ge.<br />

baut wur<strong>de</strong>n und ein tiefes Miß.<br />

trauen gegen alle Frem<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

"Banditen<br />

Europäer"<br />

verfUhren<br />

"Bericht<strong>et</strong> aber das, was Ihr<br />

hier gesehen und erfahren habt",<br />

bat uns einer <strong>de</strong>r wenigen<br />

Rechtsanwälte, die trotz man.<br />

eher Repressalien und persönli.<br />

eher Gefahren versuchen, kurdische<br />

Gefangene (gleich welcher<br />

Partei) vor <strong>de</strong>n Militärgerichten<br />

zu verteidigen. "Die europili.<br />

sehen Regierungen kOnnten die<br />

TOrken zur Einha/tung <strong>de</strong>r Menschenrecht<br />

zwingen, schon in<br />

Hinblick auf <strong>de</strong>n EG.Beltritt. Und<br />

far die Wahlen im FrOhjahr (vor.<br />

gezogen auf Nov. '87, Anm.d.R.)<br />

'88 hoffen wir auf Eure Unterstotzung,<br />

dann kandidieren wir wie<strong>de</strong>r:<br />

als Unabhilngige fOr Kurdl.<br />

stanl"<br />

Im Juni 1987 nahm das Europäische<br />

Parlament In eln.r R•• o-<br />

lullon zum Masseflmord an <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Armeniern (1915) und zur Unter.<br />

drückung <strong>de</strong>r Kur<strong>de</strong>n und an<strong>de</strong>rer<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>rheiten In <strong>de</strong>r TOrkel<br />

Stellung. Putschgeneral und<br />

Staatspräsi<strong>de</strong>nt Evren stellt.<br />

daraufhin die NATO.Mltgll.dschaf!'.<br />

seines Lan<strong>de</strong>. In Frag.<br />

und Mlnlsterprllsl<strong>de</strong>nt Özal<br />

sprach von Intrigen geg.n dl.<br />

türkische Nation und <strong>de</strong>n angestrebten<br />

EG.Beltrltt.<br />

Die Überfalle <strong>de</strong>r Kurdischen<br />

Arbeiterpartei Im SOdosten und<br />

die Auseinan<strong>de</strong>rs<strong>et</strong>zungen zwl.<br />

schen <strong>de</strong>r PKK und an<strong>de</strong>ren kur.<br />

dischen Organisationen in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Bun<strong>de</strong>srepublik muMen <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Herrschen<strong>de</strong>n in Ankara all "a.<br />

schenk <strong>de</strong>s Himmels" .r.ch.l.<br />

nen (wenn sie nicht selbst an <strong>de</strong>r<br />

"Gllrllchtigk~it ist Grundstein <strong>de</strong>s Staatlls": Wllnigllr auf SprUche/hru Staat,.<br />

grUndIIrs .Atatork <strong>de</strong>nn Buf MilltilrpoilZlli schll/nt die Ju,tiz zu bauen.<br />

~. - • I<br />

Inlziml.rung b<strong>et</strong>.lllgt lind): In .1.<br />

n.r Pr.... k.mp.gn. rOokt.n Il.<br />

J.d. e.. chlftlgun, mit d.m Kur.<br />

d.nprobl.m ln dl. Nlh, d.. T.r.<br />

roriimui. Ihr ZI,1 Ilncl nicht nur<br />

P.rt,l,n wi. dl, PKK, dl. Ihr,<br />

"FOhrung.roll' Im n,tlon,len<br />

B.fr,lunGlk.m,f" uni Olff.r,n.<br />

z.n zu lnt.rn,n unef.•• t.rn," Krl.<br />

tlk,rn Ihr.r Politik mit <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Schl ... el•• n durchlltz.n<br />

mOcht., .ond.rn luch un.bhln.<br />

glge lozlal. und kultur,lI, Ein.<br />

rlchtung.n d.r Kurdin In dir<br />

Bund .. r.publlk.<br />

Anfang Juli .rlchl.n In d.r<br />

gröBt.n . tOrklsch.n Tag.. z.ltung<br />

TERCÜMAN unt.r d"" TI.<br />

tel "Banditen verfahren EurDpler"<br />

ein Beitrag Ober das Kurdl.<br />

sche <strong>Institut</strong> In Bonn und die<br />

,;nalven P.rsönllchkeiten", die<br />

<strong>de</strong>ssen Oberwleg.nd kulturell.<br />

Arbeit unterstOtzen. Am gleichen<br />

Tag erhielten zahlreiche Inltltu.<br />

t10ntJll L/"'Q '.JfQIP I.... au,.<br />

<strong>de</strong>srepublIk eine BrÇ>scli'(frl-:aer<br />

"SlIftung fOr Islaml.che Werte"<br />

In Ankara, In <strong>de</strong>r zum "Heiligen<br />

Krieg" gegen das <strong>Institut</strong> .ufg ..<br />

rufen wurd •. Oaa Inltltut h.tt.,<br />

neben zahlr.lch.n and.r,n Pu.<br />

bllkatlonen, .uch T.i1, <strong>de</strong>r Ilb.1<br />

ins Kurdllch. Ob.rlltzt. Eine<br />

Antwort <strong>de</strong>s Inn.nmlnllt.rluml<br />

auf eine Anfrage von Il.tr. K.lly,<br />

wie Zimm.rmann <strong>de</strong>r.rtlgen Orohung.n<br />

zu b.g.an.n g.<strong>de</strong>nk.,<br />

f1.1 entspr'Ch,nd f1.ch ,ue. Kein<br />

Wund.r, h.U, er do<strong>et</strong>\ ."t ~11<br />

fU¥Ot' dl. Aufln'" .. rlOht.ra.<br />

dlkal.n MHP-FUhrer. TOrk.. ill<br />

d.r Bun<strong>de</strong>srepublIk durch .In VI.<br />

sum ermöglicht. StMn I


DE BCHNOBB (suite)<br />

kalholl'scher Priester In BrasIlien,<br />

ein missionierter Indio In<br />

Ecuador o<strong>de</strong>r ein anglikanischer<br />

Bischof In SOdafrika stehen unserem<br />

Kulturkreis allemal näher,<br />

als "die VOlker weit hinten In <strong>de</strong>r<br />

TOrkeL...<br />

W.G.<br />

Weitere Informationen und eine<br />

PublIkationslIste:<br />

Kurdisches <strong>Institut</strong>, Elfelstr.9,<br />

5300 Bonn 1<br />

Zum Nachlesen:<br />

Serafeltln Kaya, Diyarbakir -<br />

Erfahrungen In einem türkl.<br />

sehen Kerker, SOdwlnd, edition<br />

CON, Bremen, Stellvertr<strong>et</strong>end<br />

fOr Tausen<strong>de</strong> schil<strong>de</strong>rt<br />

Während die Bun<strong>de</strong>sreglèrung<br />

noch Im August l<strong>et</strong>zten Jahres<br />

auf eine kleine Anfrage <strong>de</strong>r "GrOnen"<br />

Im Bun<strong>de</strong>stag dreist ab.<br />

stritt, in auch nur irgen<strong>de</strong>iner<br />

Weise an <strong>de</strong>r Ausbildung und<br />

AusrOstung <strong>de</strong>r berOchtigten<br />

neuen tOrkischen Elit<strong>et</strong>ruppe b<strong>et</strong>eiligt<br />

zu sein, brachte die torkisehe<br />

Tageszeitung ..TercOman"<br />

am 31.1.87 ausgerechn<strong>et</strong> auf <strong>de</strong>r<br />

Titelseite die RiesenschlagzeIle:<br />

..Unsere Kommandos wer<strong>de</strong>n In<br />

Deutschland ausgebild<strong>et</strong> ..,. untermalt<br />

mit Fotos und einem Interview<br />

mit <strong>de</strong>m Offizier <strong>de</strong>r GSG<br />

9, Anselm Weygold:<br />

"Wtihrend unseres langen Gesprtichs<br />

mIt Hauptmann Weygold<br />

erwtihnte dieser die enge<br />

Zusammenarbeit mit <strong>de</strong>r TOrkei.<br />

Weygold erwtihnte, daB 1m vergangenen<br />

Jahr hier zwei KommandoeinheitEin<br />

<strong>de</strong>r' Gendarmerie<br />

ausgebild<strong>et</strong> wor<strong>de</strong>n seien<br />

und fuhr fort "Aus <strong>de</strong>r Zusammenarbeit<br />

erzielen wir sehr gute<br />

Ergebnisse". Weygold erwtihnte<br />

auch die technische Zusammenarbeit,<br />

sagte aber, hier seien die<br />

Systeme . unterschiedlich und<br />

nicht erfolgreich genug. "<br />

TercOman v.31.1.87<br />

<strong>de</strong>r kurdische Rechtsanwalt<br />

Kaya In diesem Buch Folter<br />

und UnterdrOckung in <strong>de</strong>n tOrkischen<br />

Militärgefängnissen,<br />

die er selbst sieben Monate<br />

lang durchlebte.<br />

G.Köhler, D.Nogga-Welnell,<br />

Aza<strong>de</strong> • vom Oberleben kurdischer<br />

Frauen. edition Con,<br />

Bremen<br />

Bücher über die Kur<strong>de</strong>n und<br />

Kurdistan Eine Auswahlbibliographie,<br />

Verlag fOr Kultur und<br />

Wissenschaft, Bonn<br />

Politische Mor<strong>de</strong> In Europa<br />

BroschOre <strong>de</strong>r GAL zur Politik<br />

<strong>de</strong>r PKK, GAL, Bartelsstr.30, 2<br />

Hamburg 6<br />

Türkische Spezialtruppen für <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Einsatz in Kurdistai1<br />

bei <strong>de</strong>r GSG 9 ausgebU<strong>de</strong>i<br />

Die wahrhaft "mör<strong>de</strong>rische"<br />

Zusammenarbeit zwischen <strong>de</strong>r<br />

BRD und <strong>de</strong>m Militärregime in<br />

<strong>de</strong>r TOrkei Ist keineswegs neu:<br />

Bereits einige Tage nach <strong>de</strong>m<br />

Militärputsch 1980 spendierte<br />

die BRD erst einmal1 Mio AusrOstungshilfe<br />

fOr die torklsche Polizei,<br />

als Auftakt sozusagen.<br />

Auch In <strong>de</strong>n folgen<strong>de</strong>n 6 Jahren<br />

beschräntke sich die Bun<strong>de</strong>sregierung<br />

(gleich ob COU o<strong>de</strong>r<br />

SPD) keineswegs auf Milliar<strong>de</strong>n<br />

DM von WIrtschaftshilfe: insbeson<strong>de</strong>re<br />

an <strong>de</strong>r militärischen und<br />

polizeilichen AusrOstung <strong>de</strong>r<br />

TOrkelist die BRD Intensiv b<strong>et</strong>eiligt.<br />

Mittlerweile sind die tOrkl.<br />

sehen Grenz- und PolizeIstationen<br />

. mit Computern bestockt,<br />

von <strong>de</strong>nen die Firma Siemens zumin<strong>de</strong>st<br />

das Zubehör (wie Stromaggregate<br />

<strong>et</strong>c.) geliefert hat (vermutlich<br />

die gesamte Anlage).<br />

Regelmäßig wer<strong>de</strong>n Ober <strong>de</strong>n<br />

Hamburger Hafen Mllitär-LKWs<br />

Qeliefert und Ministerpräsi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Ozal besuchte während seines<br />

Staatsbesuches Im Herbst 1984<br />

unter groBer Geheimhaltung die<br />

LuflwaHenflrma MBB in Hamburg.<br />

Hier ging es um <strong>de</strong>n Ankauf<br />

von Hubschraubern, wie sie<br />

das lOrkische A,egime fOr <strong>de</strong>n'<br />

Einsatz gegen die kurdische Bevölkerung<br />

- und lOr <strong>de</strong>n schnel.<br />

len Transport eben <strong>de</strong>r erwähnten<br />

Spezialeinheiten benötigt.<br />

Im Juni 1985 hielt sich dann<br />

die gesamte Spitze <strong>de</strong>r torkisehen<br />

Polizei auf Einladung <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Bun<strong>de</strong>sinnenministeriums zu ei.<br />

nem mehrtägigen Besuch in <strong>de</strong>r<br />

BRD auf: Ziel dieses Besu.ches<br />

war es laut tOrkischer Presse<br />

"die torkische Polizei mit <strong>de</strong>utscher<br />

Hilfe mit <strong>de</strong>n mo<strong>de</strong>rnsten<br />

Waffen und Gertit auszurO~~.en..."<br />

(Milliy<strong>et</strong>) ,<br />

Auf <strong>de</strong>m Besuchsprogramm<br />

<strong>de</strong>r Delegation stan<strong>de</strong>n neben einem<br />

Besuch <strong>de</strong>s BKA und einem<br />

Treffen Im Bonner Innenministe.<br />

rium vor allem ein ausführlicher:<br />

_ Besuch bei <strong>de</strong>r GSG 9.<br />

Welch "Zufall", daB die TOrkei '<br />

noch Im selben Jahr mit <strong>de</strong>r Auf.<br />

stellung einer 500 Mann starken'<br />

Elit<strong>et</strong>ruppe begann, <strong>de</strong>ren Aus.<br />

bildung nach wie<strong>de</strong>rholten Be.<br />

richten <strong>de</strong>r tOrkischen Presse zumin<strong>de</strong>st<br />

zum Teil in <strong>de</strong>r Bun<strong>de</strong>srepublik<br />

bei <strong>de</strong>r G$G 9 stattfand.<br />

Inzwischen sind die als "Schwar.<br />

ze.lnsekten" bekannten Son<strong>de</strong>rkommandos,<br />

<strong>de</strong>ren Zahl noch<br />

weiter auf 1.500aufgestockt wer<strong>de</strong>n<br />

soll, vornehmlich In <strong>de</strong>n kur.<br />

dischen Gebi<strong>et</strong>en im Einsatz. Ihre<br />

"Schlagkraft" wird von <strong>de</strong>r reaktionären<br />

türkischen Presse<br />

mit folgen<strong>de</strong>n Worten gelobt:<br />

" ...beim Einsatzbefehl geht ein<br />

Schlag durch <strong>de</strong>n Körper <strong>de</strong>s to.<br />

<strong>de</strong>smutigen bt1renstarken Männer...<br />

Ihre automatischen Wun.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rwaffen treffen immer. Unsere<br />

Hel<strong>de</strong>n wer<strong>de</strong>n, auch wenn die<br />

l<strong>et</strong>zten Magazine leergeschossen<br />

sind nicht ruhen, bis sie<br />

auch <strong>de</strong>m l<strong>et</strong>zten Verbrecher die<br />

tödliche Lektion erteilt haben. "<br />

N.M.<br />

Aus: blätter <strong>de</strong>s Iz3w, Nr.141,<br />

1987<br />

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Il<br />

WORLD<br />

REPORT<br />

New recruits to an age-old war for freedom are doing Iran's work in Iraq's mountains<br />

Kurds locked<br />

in one more<br />

losingwar?<br />

Baghdad<br />

• Fierce Kurdish tribesmen, the romantic<br />

rebels who have fought for<br />

centuries for their own nation with-<br />

out ever winning, are on the march ~<br />

again in the rugged mountains of ~<br />

northeastern Iraq. This time, their ~<br />

brothers are stirring in Turkey and ~<br />

Iran, too, and for the first time in<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>m memory, Kurds are at war<br />

with all three nations at once. But<br />

they are pawns in a larger struggl<strong>et</strong>he<br />

Iraq-Iran War-and when that<br />

ends, the Kurds and their dream<br />

will surely be crushed.<br />

Although Iraq dismisses the revolt<br />

as a minor distraction, the<br />

Kurds-drawing support from Iran<br />

-have opened a valuable second<br />

front for Teheran. Iranians fight<br />

alongsi<strong>de</strong> them in some areas, and<br />

the uprising has diverted 25,000<br />

Iraqi troops from an already thin<br />

750-mile-long front. The rebels<br />

claim to have tripled in recent<br />

months the area they control.<br />

Guarding the pipeline<br />

Recent Kurdish hit-and-run raids<br />

along the key highway to Turkey<br />

have siphoned off a division of Iraqi<br />

troops to guard the vital oil pipeline<br />

buried alongsi<strong>de</strong> the road. The pipeline<br />

carries more than half of Iraq's<br />

oil exports from the Kirkuk oil<br />

fields to the Turkish port of Dortyol<br />

and earns the money that fuels<br />

Iraq's war machine. If the Kurds<br />

should cut it, the consequences for<br />

Baghdad would be <strong>de</strong>vastating.<br />

Iraq has r<strong>et</strong>aliated with scorche<strong>de</strong>arth<br />

tactics, using helicopter gunships,<br />

j<strong>et</strong> fighters and artillery to raze<br />

Kurdish villages. A<br />

Western diplomat reports<br />

seeing dozens of<br />

villages empty along the<br />

highway to Baghdad.<br />

Half a million Kurds<br />

have been forcibly res<strong>et</strong>tled.<br />

Villagers tell<br />

tales of atrocities and<br />

say that hundreds of<br />

children have been taken<br />

hostage because their<br />

relatives joined the<br />

guerrillas. Survivors<br />

can only strap their<br />

Kurdish rebel recruits at training camp on Iraq-Iran bor<strong>de</strong>r<br />

children to horses and flee <strong>de</strong>eper into<br />

the sheltering mountains.<br />

Iraq's 4 million Kurds are only one<br />

part of a people without a country<br />

who live in an area as big as France,<br />

. ranging from eastern Turkey (8 million<br />

Kurds) to northwestern Iran (6<br />

million). Small bands live in Syria and<br />

Sovi<strong>et</strong> Armenia. Fiercely proud of<br />

their language, literature and history,<br />

the Kurds claim to have been fighting<br />

for 4,000 years. Only twice have they<br />

come close to winning a nation of<br />

their own. The Treaty of Sèvres in<br />

1920 provi<strong>de</strong>d for a state in Kurdish<br />

areas of the old Ottoman Empire, but<br />

that was wiped out by Kemal Ataturk,<br />

the foun<strong>de</strong>r of mo<strong>de</strong>rn Turkey.<br />

And in 1945 the Kurds s<strong>et</strong> up the<br />

short-lived state of Mahabad in Iran.<br />

The greatest Kurdish hero was Saladin,<br />

who <strong>de</strong>feated the crusa<strong>de</strong>rs and<br />

recaptured Jerusalem for the Moslems<br />

800 years ago. But the mo<strong>de</strong>rn<br />

image of the Kurdish rebel-turbaned,<br />

baggy-trousered, draped in<br />

bandoleers-was shaped by Mustafa<br />

Barzani, who died a bitter exile in<br />

Washington in 1979. His rebellion<br />

against Iraq was snuffed out after his<br />

on<strong>et</strong>ime patrons-the United States<br />

and the Shah of Iran-abandoned<br />

him following a 1975 bor<strong>de</strong>r agreement<br />

that temporarily halted the<br />

Iraq-Iran feud. That <strong>de</strong>al doomed the<br />

Kurds to a rapid <strong>de</strong>feat in which<br />

thousands died, but its later collapse<br />

opened the way to the current war.<br />

Those who face <strong>de</strong>ath<br />

Leading the new Kurdish uprising<br />

is Barzani's son, Massoud,<br />

whose guerrillas call themselves the<br />

pesh mergas -"those who face<br />

<strong>de</strong>ath." They carry a new generation<br />

of lightweight weaponry-shoul<strong>de</strong>rheld<br />

SAM-7 missiles, Doshka machine<br />

guns and Hungarian-ma<strong>de</strong><br />

AK-47 rifles-that are smuggled by<br />

mule caravan over mountain trails<br />

from Iran.<br />

The Kurds are more united than<br />

ever, both within Iraq where rival<br />

factions are cooperating and across<br />

political frontiers. This is a matter of<br />

<strong>de</strong>ep concern to Turkey, which has<br />

its own Kurdish problem. Turkish<br />

troops som<strong>et</strong>imes cross into Iraq in<br />

pursuit of Turkish Kurds. This summer,<br />

there were two massacres of<br />

Kurdish villagers suspected of collaborating<br />

with the Turkish regime.<br />

Other Kurds, supplied by Iraq, are<br />

fighting Iran. But these alliances<br />

could hardly survive peace b<strong>et</strong>ween<br />

Iran and Iraq. When that comes, Çlll<br />

three governments will surely turn<br />

full fury on the Kurds.<br />

Even so, neither brutal repression<br />

nor the prospect of certain <strong>de</strong>feat<br />

seems to faze the Kurds. They travel<br />

light over mountain trails, toting<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rn rifles and shortwave radios,<br />

singing mournful old songs of lost<br />

love and <strong>de</strong>ath-a new generation of<br />

a people who do not officially exist,<br />

fulfilling their <strong>de</strong>stiny to die for a<br />

nation that never was. •<br />

by John<br />

Barnes<br />

U.S.NEWS & WORLD REPORT.Nov. 9.1987 0<br />

29


•<br />

AHURKA N.OVIEHBRE 1987<br />

KURDISTAN • •<br />

Raz.a<strong>de</strong><br />

Senores y Guerreros<br />

Una tar<strong>de</strong> lIegué a una tierra lIamada Kurdistan.<br />

Una naci6n sin existencia en los mapas, sin<br />

nombre en las voces <strong>de</strong> aquéllos que la niegan.<br />

Es un nombre que se repite como leyenda confundiéndose<br />

entre fronteras <strong>de</strong>limitadas par extranjeros.<br />

Es un pueblo que se reconoce en' su<br />

pertenencia, en su forma <strong>de</strong> eaminar, <strong>de</strong> sonreir<br />

y mirar.<br />

si6n francesa para seguir un instante <strong>de</strong> la vida y la lucha <strong>de</strong> los <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> Iran. En el aeropuerto <strong>de</strong> Orly cada pasajero y cada mal<strong>et</strong>a es registrada.<br />

No es posible subir al avi6n ningun tipo <strong>de</strong> paqu<strong>et</strong>e. Eltemor <strong>de</strong><br />

los secuestros aéreos y atentados se lee en los rostros dal servicio <strong>de</strong><br />

seguridad francés. Aun no hemos partido y ya la guerra se hace sentir.<br />

L1egamoscon la noche a Bagdad. La primera impresion es inesperada.<br />

Ante nosotros se <strong>de</strong>spliega un hermoso aeropuerto .<strong>de</strong> arquitec-<br />

30<br />

Los kurdos son un pueblo <strong>de</strong> veinte millones<br />

<strong>de</strong> habitantes cuyas tierras EIStandivididas entre<br />

las fronteras <strong>de</strong> cuatro pa;ses: Turquia, Iran,<br />

Irak y Siria (en URSS viven 250.000).<br />

Son los lIamados "hijos dl! los Medos", guardianes<br />

<strong>de</strong>i templo <strong>de</strong> Zaratustra'. Su lengua pertenece<br />

a la rama irani <strong>de</strong>i indoeJropeo, quizas sea<br />

una <strong>de</strong>rivaci6n <strong>de</strong>i Avesta, lengua en la cuaJZaratustra<br />

transmiti6 su mensaje. Perséguidos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong><br />

tlempos remotos, han encontrado refugio en<br />

sus montanas. Cuenta el Sharaf Nameh, un<br />

texto hist6rico kurdo escrito en persa a finales<br />

<strong>de</strong>i siglo XVI, que existia un tirano lIamado<br />

"Zohhak" <strong>de</strong> cuyos hombros brotaban dos serplantes<br />

a las cuales habia que alimentarlas cada<br />

dia con el cerebro <strong>de</strong> un joven. Para evitar el exterminio<br />

<strong>de</strong> los j6venes, <strong>de</strong>cidieron enganar al<br />

tirano dandole a una serpiente un cerebro humano<br />

y a la otra el <strong>de</strong> un cor<strong>de</strong>ro, <strong>de</strong> manera que<br />

cada dia un joven pudiese escaparse hacia las<br />

montanas y asi perp<strong>et</strong>uar la raza kurda. Esta es<br />

una <strong>de</strong> las muchas leyendas que intenta explicar<br />

el origan <strong>de</strong> la i<strong>de</strong>ntidad kurda, la cual se confun<strong>de</strong><br />

antre los pliegues <strong>de</strong>i tiempo y la memoria y<br />

que ellos reconocen como una entidad cultural<br />

<strong>de</strong>finida.<br />

.<br />

La historia los ha mantenido entre montanas,<br />

leJos<strong>de</strong>l paso vertiginoso <strong>de</strong>l tie(T1poocci<strong>de</strong>ntal.<br />

Cercano y distante, esta.pueblo ha d<strong>et</strong>enido su<br />

tiempo entre rocas y' sen<strong>de</strong>ros inyentados por<br />

aquéllos que transitan laregi6n. Hoy dia conjugan<br />

dos tiempos: el suyo, marcado por una lucha<br />

qua prolonga la larga guerra Iibrada por sus<br />

ancestros, y el tiempo que siQuen <strong>de</strong> una forma<br />

tangenciallosocci<strong>de</strong>ntales Ii través <strong>de</strong>l conflicto<br />

<strong>de</strong>l Golfo Pérsico.<br />

Las repercusiones <strong>de</strong> la guerra antre Iran e<br />

Irak se hacen evi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> los primeros momentos<br />

<strong>de</strong> mi viaje. Parto con un equipo <strong>de</strong> televi.<br />

IRAK<br />

URSS<br />

Defta, • Cu_ GenereI.<br />

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A.glonoe~,<br />

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v.ne O;.. ... nlou do_<br />

lull .1aca4e ..n.<br />

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an_IlI.U.


..<br />

AHURKA<br />

(suite)<br />

tura mo<strong>de</strong>ma que integra annoniosamente los rasgos<br />

érabes. Nos espera el representante <strong>de</strong>l Partido Democré.<br />

tico <strong>de</strong>l Kurdistén Irani (PDKI), a través <strong>de</strong>l cual fue orga.<br />

nizado el viaie. Nuestros pasaportes <strong>de</strong>sapareeen entre las<br />

manas <strong>de</strong> la policia iraqul. auedamos sin documentas a par.<br />

tir <strong>de</strong> esa noche.<br />

Des<strong>de</strong> el primer instante aparecen r<strong>et</strong>ratos <strong>de</strong> Sadam<br />

Hussein en todas las formas: sonriendo, en uniforme, con 0<br />

sin gafas <strong>de</strong> sol, rezando, saludando, <strong>et</strong>c. Su presencia es<br />

constante. AI sahr <strong>de</strong>i aeropueno uno espera percatarse <strong>de</strong><br />

los efectos <strong>de</strong>i conllicto actual, ya que Bagdad ha sido bom.<br />

bar<strong>de</strong>ada varias veces durante la "guerra <strong>de</strong> las ciuda<strong>de</strong>s".<br />

Pero apenas unas barricadas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa antiaérea en torno<br />

al aeropuerto <strong>de</strong>latan la existencia <strong>de</strong> la guerra. la ciudad<br />

se extien<strong>de</strong> entre luces mientras la vida continua normal y<br />

cotidlana ..<br />

CAMINO DE GERMIAN, ' '<br />

TIERRA CALIENTE DEl KURDISTAN "<br />

AI dia siguiente panimos con un calor pesado y un sol<br />

vertIcal hacia Kirkuk, ciudad p<strong>et</strong>rolera <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan. El pai.<br />

saje que atravesamos .es muy panicular. El cielo se confun<strong>de</strong><br />

entre un azul y gris, quizés por reflejo <strong>de</strong> la éspera y<br />

seca tierra <strong>de</strong>l cual emerge. Hombres en batolas y turbantes<br />

y mujeres como negros cuervos cruzando la autopista<br />

me confirman que estoy en tierra érabe. Las casas incrustadas<br />

en el paisaje surgen a 10largo <strong>de</strong> rutas polvorientas.<br />

Todo es un mismo color, incluso la guerra que continua oculta<br />

en el gri~;<strong>de</strong> la tierra.<br />

A medida que nos aproximamos al Kurdistân cambia la<br />

vestimenta y la otra guerra, la <strong>de</strong>i gobierno iraqui contra lOS<br />

kurdos <strong>de</strong> I"ak, se haee evi<strong>de</strong>nte. Esta zona esté totalmente<br />

militariza.:1a. Hay cantidad <strong>de</strong> bases, tanques, camiones,<br />

alcabalas y hombres annados. Por primera vez nos hablan<br />

<strong>de</strong> los "djasl," (literalmente significa asno), quienes colabo.<br />

ran con el r'gimen contra los propios kurdos. la existencia<br />

<strong>de</strong> las tribu~: <strong>de</strong> "djash" es panlcularmente notoria en el<br />

Kurdistân iraquf. Estas tribus forman milicias privadas dirigidas<br />

par su jefe kurdo. El gobierno <strong>de</strong> Irak les paga a los<br />

"djash" par pelear y controlar a los kurdos insurgentes que<br />

se opanen al régimen.<br />

En Irak, los kurdos han tenido mâs reconocimiento que<br />

en los otros palses. Se les reconoce como entidad, tienen<br />

escuelas y universida<strong>de</strong>s. y gozan <strong>de</strong> eiena autonomla. Sin<br />

embargo. son perseguidos y forzados a abandonar algunas<br />

zonas <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan. El partido kurdo <strong>de</strong> opasiCl6n mâs fuerte<br />

es la Uni6n Patri6tica <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistân (UPK), dirigido par<br />

Jalal Talabani, quien mantiene una guerra feroz contra el<br />

régi men <strong>de</strong> Sadam Hussein. Este partido (1) mantiene excelentes<br />

relaclones con los kurdos <strong>de</strong> Irân <strong>de</strong>i POKt, qUien<br />

a su vez tiene relaciones con el gobierno iraqul. Tai situaci6n<br />

le permite al PDKI movilizarse en el exterior y, a<strong>de</strong>mas.<br />

asegurar la entrada <strong>de</strong> armas, médicos, periodistas y la solidaridad<br />

internacional en su lucha contra el régi men <strong>de</strong><br />

'Jomeini.<br />

Prosigo mi viaie a través <strong>de</strong> la tierra caliente. las montafias<br />

comienzan a apareeer. la tierra se vue Ive amarilla y<br />

los cardos se levantan gran<strong>de</strong>s y azules como sonrisa en la<br />

sequla. la guerra se siente. No es posible fotografiar ni filmar.<br />

Las montanas van creciendo. nunca terminan, siempre<br />

hay una nueva que aparece. Este seria para ml el d<strong>et</strong>alle<br />

constante que perfila la fonna <strong>de</strong> ser <strong>de</strong>i kurdo.<br />

L1egamos a Kirkuk. Aqul existe una plaza Ilamada Baba<br />

Gorgor que en la antigüedad tue consi<strong>de</strong>rada coma el Iùgar<br />

santo <strong>de</strong> los zaratustrianos, guardianes <strong>de</strong>l fuego divino.<br />

Acé no tenlan neeesidad <strong>de</strong> montar guardia pues el fuego<br />

sagrado nunca se extingula. brotaba en pequenas llamas<br />

<strong>de</strong>i fonda <strong>de</strong> la tierra para ser adorado por sus seguidores.<br />

Kirkuk mantuvo su nombre sacro a pesar <strong>de</strong> las guerras, <strong>de</strong><br />

la calda <strong>de</strong> sus dioses y <strong>de</strong> la lIegada <strong>de</strong>i Islam, pero no resisti6<br />

la llegada <strong>de</strong>i siglo XX, que en nombre <strong>de</strong>i progreso<br />

logr6 <strong>de</strong>sacralizar a la <strong>de</strong>idad ya casi olvidada. En 1925, un<br />

armenio lIamado Gulbanklan <strong>de</strong>scubre que bajo este fuego<br />

<strong>et</strong>erno se halla un enorme yacimiento <strong>de</strong> p<strong>et</strong>r6leo, el oro<br />

negro <strong>de</strong> Ooc:i<strong>de</strong>nte;<br />

Esta pane <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistân entonces no era <strong>de</strong> interés para<br />

los Aliados que se estaban repaniendo el mundo. los ingleses<br />

que dominaban esta zona apayaban la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia<br />

kurda, pero cuando Gulbankian les ofreci6 el secr<strong>et</strong>a <strong>de</strong> la<br />

ciudad, éstos olvidaron sus promesas. En 1927 lundan la<br />

IPC (Irakian P<strong>et</strong>roleum Company, anglo-americanar con el<br />

fin <strong>de</strong> explotar el fil6n <strong>de</strong>i armenio, quien recibira en recompensa<br />

el 5% <strong>de</strong> las ganancias <strong>de</strong> la concesi6n p<strong>et</strong>rolera.<br />

Gulbankian pasa a la historia con el nombre <strong>de</strong> Mr. Five Percent,<br />

mientras KirKuk es <strong>de</strong>spajada <strong>de</strong> su fuego para con.<br />

venirse en una ciudad venerada por los intereses <strong>de</strong> los<br />

po<strong>de</strong>res intemacionales.<br />

Entre polvo y montaflas proseguimos nuestro viaie. De<br />

pronto un ruido seco y seguido parece salir <strong>de</strong>llado <strong>de</strong>reeho<br />

<strong>de</strong>i Toyota. Son los primeras disparas <strong>de</strong> Kalashnikov que<br />

eseucho. Me pregunto <strong>de</strong> nuevo c6mo habré <strong>de</strong> reaccionar<br />

frente a la guerra. Esta todavia sigue sienda abstracta, es<br />

una mueca que se <strong>de</strong>sllza sin mostrarse <strong>de</strong>i todo.<br />

Nos vamos acercando al campamento <strong>de</strong> los Mujaidines,<br />

que yace c~rca <strong>de</strong> un ria. Un puente muy bajo nos<br />

permite cruzar. Otra vida aparece. los pastores y sus rebanos<br />

atraviesan las colinas contiguas mientras niflos y mujeres<br />

chapueean en el agua. Hemos Ilegado al ultimo puebla,<br />

Careza, controlado por los iraqules. A panir <strong>de</strong> ahl entramos<br />

en la Ilamada "tierra <strong>de</strong> nadie", don<strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong> gran parte <strong>de</strong> la<br />

opasiCi6n irani, los kurdos <strong>de</strong>i UPK Y los <strong>de</strong>i POKt.<br />

En estas 15 kil6m<strong>et</strong>ros <strong>de</strong> nadie estâ situado el"Da1tar",<br />

Cuanel Gênerai <strong>de</strong>i POKt. Esta zona, en los an os 70. era un<br />

puebla <strong>de</strong> trescientas familias controlado par el jefe kurdo<br />

iraqui Mustafa Barzani, quien habia estableeldo una alianza<br />

con el Sha dE' Iran contra el régi men <strong>de</strong> Bagdad. Pero en<br />

1975 se negoci6 la paz entre Irân e Irak, Barzani al quedarse<br />

sin el apoyo <strong>de</strong>i Sha se rin<strong>de</strong> y escapa. El gobierno<br />

iraqul, entonGes, <strong>de</strong>struy6 el pueblo entero, quemando las<br />

casas, cerrando los pozos y obligando a la gente a huir. Durante<br />

anos esta regi6n lue consi<strong>de</strong>rada "zona prohibida". El<br />

que fuese encontrado aqui, si sabia leer y escribir era<br />

con<strong>de</strong>nado a muene y si era analfab<strong>et</strong>o era con<strong>de</strong>nado a prisi6n.<br />

El PDKI instal6 en 1984 su Cuanel General entre estas<br />

montanas que aseguran su <strong>de</strong>fensa aèrea. El Secr<strong>et</strong>ario<br />

General <strong>de</strong>i panida, Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou, es un hombre<br />

cuita, Mbit politico y estratega militar. Consciente <strong>de</strong><br />

que <strong>de</strong>bido a su situaci6n geopolitica no recibe ayuda <strong>de</strong><br />

ningun gobiemq, cuenta con sus 12.000 hombres armadas.<br />

-A<strong>de</strong>més tenemos el apoYo <strong>de</strong> nuestro puebla y las montanas.<br />

nuestras mejores amigas, nos estén protegiendo., nos<br />

afirma con una sonrisa que revela la confianza que tiene en<br />

el Kurdistén, esa tierra don<strong>de</strong> naeen los guerreros <strong>de</strong> su<br />

memoria ancestral.<br />

AI abrigo <strong>de</strong> estas cerras nos lIega la noche. Grillos y<br />

ranas van ocupando las voces nocturnas mientras allé abaja<br />

algun .peshmerga" (combatiente, significa los que van<br />

a<strong>de</strong>lante <strong>de</strong> la muene) cruza, turbante y Kalashnikov,<br />

--) .. 31


•<br />

AHURKA<br />

(suite)<br />

marcando el ritme <strong>de</strong> la marcha. La guerra como eco r<strong>et</strong>um.<br />

ba por d<strong>et</strong>râs <strong>de</strong> las montal'las. Lo que pUe<strong>de</strong> ser el intierno<br />

alla, <strong>de</strong>i otro lado, aqul es tan solo un leve murmullo confundiéndose<br />

con la calma, que se acuesta en la oscuridad que<br />

. nos racoge, y el aullido <strong>de</strong> los .chacales que pasan a la hora<br />

acostumbrada.<br />

Nuestro viaje al Kurdistan irani coinci<strong>de</strong> con el relevo <strong>de</strong><br />

una parte <strong>de</strong> las tropas <strong>de</strong>i sur, dirigidas per el Co mandante<br />

Abdullah: hombre silencioso cuva mirada Infantil contrasta<br />

con la sombra <strong>de</strong> su barba siempre afeitada. Vestido como<br />

todo "peshmerga", con su traje tradlcional, en color kaki mili.<br />

tar, el comandante es un tlplco representante <strong>de</strong>i hombre<br />

. kurdo. L1eva un turbante blanco, y negro y un largo cintur6n<br />

<strong>de</strong> tela ajustadci en varias vueltas a la cintura que resalta.su<br />

silu<strong>et</strong>a esbelta y elegante. Kalashnikov en bandolera y canana<br />

al torso.<br />

CAMINO DE ZOZAN.' ,<br />

TIERRA FRIA DEL KURDISTAN . 0<br />

A las cinco en punto <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong> partimos hacia el<br />

Kurdistan irani. Junto a una gran columna <strong>de</strong>'sesenta "pesh.<br />

mergas" comenzamos a escalar nuestras primeras mon.<br />

tafias pedregosas y escarpadas. lbamos montados sobre<br />

mulas, capaces <strong>de</strong> cargar hasta 120 kilos. L1evan un bozal<br />

sin freno y siguen rigurosamente la fila. Van subiendo en zig<br />

zag, atravesando piedras y lugares muy estrachos. El<br />

"peshmerga" que conducia mi mula cantaba mientras otras<br />

voees resonaban como en respuesta. Cada voz sabia parte.<br />

nacer a estas montaflas, pasaba como colina, piedra, arbol,<br />

rio y sombra, como lamento que intenta encajarse en el aire.<br />

A contrasol pasaban las silu<strong>et</strong>as mientras cada nueva cima<br />

volvia a escon<strong>de</strong>r algun pedazo <strong>de</strong>l sol crepuscular. El ver.<br />

dor brotaba junto a los riachuelos que aumentaban. lbamos<br />

hada la tierra fria <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan.<br />

Después <strong>de</strong> dos horas bor<strong>de</strong>amos un rio repl<strong>et</strong>o <strong>de</strong> homo<br />

bres con mulas cargadas. L1egamos al bazar <strong>de</strong> Miraveh:<br />

punto <strong>de</strong> encuentro entre los contrabandistas <strong>de</strong> Iran e<br />

Irak, quienes con esta actividad aseguran la continuidad<br />

<strong>de</strong>i comercio en lugares como éste, De Irak lIega el arroz, el<br />

té y el aceite y <strong>de</strong> Iran los pistachos, jabones, tapices y<br />

samovares. La guerra para los contrabandistas significa<br />

tan solo un cambio <strong>de</strong> lugar, segun se <strong>de</strong>splacen las<br />

fuerzas y los ataques militares.<br />

Numerosas mulas lIegan a estas tiendas. Cientos <strong>de</strong><br />

hombresconversan, comen "kebab" en medio <strong>de</strong> miles <strong>de</strong><br />

mosca.s mientras otros discuten, beben té 0 juegan a las<br />

cartas. Hay un alboroto que le da al bazar un color muy parti.<br />

cular. La mezcla <strong>de</strong> comerciantes y "peshmergas", reunidos<br />

en un mismo lugar, senala una complicidad que va mas alla<br />

<strong>de</strong> celalquier regia 0 ley impuesta. Aqui la historia prosigue<br />

su propio curso, lejos <strong>de</strong> las querellas y guerras manipula.<br />

das por el exterior. En el bazar se vive intensamente 10 que<br />

pue<strong>de</strong> lIamarse la vida cotidiana <strong>de</strong>i kurdo.<br />

Después <strong>de</strong> tres horas <strong>de</strong> jolgorio nos preparamos para<br />

un viaje que duraria toda la noehe. Pero ya no eran sesenta<br />

"peshmergas" los que nos acompanaban, ahora habra por 10<br />

.menos doscientos hombres. Partimos en cuatro columnas<br />

<strong>de</strong> cincuenta hombres cada una. Paracia imposible lagrar<br />

un or<strong>de</strong>n en el <strong>de</strong>sor<strong>de</strong>n que reinaba en el bazar. Orientaciones<br />

iban y venian a medida que salian los grupos. Des<strong>de</strong><br />

domie estabamos los veiamos serpentear el rio entre las<br />

luces <strong>de</strong> !internas que se prendran y apagaban. Parecra que<br />

una leria se alejaba.<br />

32<br />

Nuestro grupo fue ei ultimo en partir, y yo estaba al.linal.<br />

Ms sentla vuin8~abla puas no vara a ningUn "peshmarga" da-.<br />

très <strong>de</strong> ml a medida que subramos la colina que daba al rio.<br />

Tanto hombres como mulas pisaban seguro en ese camino<br />

oscuro y estrecho. El cielo se abrra inmenso bajo la luna .<br />

Abajo, sonaba' el agua. De pronto a mi costado izquierdo escuché<br />

voces. Eran varios "peshmergas" que protegian el<br />

f1anco que yo crefa <strong>de</strong>sierto.<br />

Fue largo, muy largo el viaje. Las montaMs, siempre su.<br />

biendo, no terminaban nunca. El sentido <strong>de</strong>l horizonte aqur<br />

se trastoca, pues al IIagar a una cima uno constata qCle<br />

siempre hay una montai'la mas por escalar. Las montaf'las,<br />

para el kurdo, son su fiel companara y pOr ellas toda lucha<br />

es impon<strong>de</strong>rable. Elias son ellos, son su i<strong>de</strong>ntidad.<br />

Las mulas subran con diiicultad mientras los hombres<br />

las acuciaban, "jacha te were<strong>de</strong>'" .. L1egamos a una enorme<br />

; mes<strong>et</strong>a ocupada por cientos <strong>de</strong> "peshmergas" y contraban-<br />

. distas. Estos les pagan a los "pashmergas" <strong>de</strong>i PDKI, que'<br />

controlan este pSsaje, un impuesto <strong>de</strong> transito. En esta me.<br />

s<strong>et</strong>a, en medio <strong>de</strong>i fuego entre Iran e Irak, senti por primera<br />

vez que la guerra era real.<br />

Habian pasado cinco horas. El viaje poco a poco se me<br />

convertia en una pesadilla <strong>de</strong> resistencia <strong>de</strong> la cual ya no<br />

me sentia capaz. El viento enfriaba. Eran las dos <strong>de</strong> la ma.<br />

drugada cuando lIegamos a un claro. Entre los susurros <strong>de</strong><br />

los centinelasy las crepitaciones <strong>de</strong> la fogata me dormi. A<br />

las cinco me <strong>de</strong>spert6 el olor a té. Empezaba a clarear. Para<br />

mi gran <strong>de</strong>cepci6n todavia no habiamos entrado a Iran.<br />

Después <strong>de</strong> varias horas <strong>de</strong> polvo, <strong>de</strong> sol, mas sol y calor<br />

lIegamos a la frontera <strong>de</strong>limitada por el rio Choman. AI<br />

cruzar estabamos en la tierra fria <strong>de</strong>i Kurdistan.<br />

En un pueblo cercano a la frontera nos esperaban los<br />

responsables militarl3s <strong>de</strong> la regi6n <strong>de</strong> Baneh, con quienes<br />

racorreriamos durante diez dias la zona. "Kak" (significa her.<br />

mano) Abdullah se separ6 <strong>de</strong> nosotrosal dia siguiente. Iba<br />

hacia el sur para relevar otra unidad. Una semana <strong>de</strong>spués<br />

nos lIeg6 la noticia por radio <strong>de</strong> que habra caïdo en combate.<br />

Esta..es la experiencia cotidiana <strong>de</strong> todo pueblo en lucha.<br />

Vida y muerte son un mismo paso en la ruta <strong>de</strong> estos homo<br />

bres. Tai vez por eso todo suce 50 en la vida <strong>de</strong> un kurdo es<br />

un acto colactivo. Se comparte todo, incluso la intimidad.<br />

El sentido <strong>de</strong> la hospitalidad para ellos es muy im.<br />

portante. Un kurdo nunca le pregunta a un huesped quién<br />

es, a d6n<strong>de</strong> va ni <strong>de</strong> d6n<strong>de</strong> viene, ni cuanto tiempo se queda.<br />

Le of race siempre <strong>de</strong> primero y 10 mejor que tiene. Por<br />

eso cuando los"peshmergas" pasan por los pueblOS sus<br />

habitantes los reciben. La generosidad y <strong>de</strong>sprendimiento<br />

<strong>de</strong> este pueblo, inevitablemente, cuestiona el individualismo<br />

exacerbado que existe en Europa.<br />

LA OPERAClON OURO MENOS DE UNA HORA<br />

V FUE UNA VICTORIA :<br />

La guerrilla <strong>de</strong>l PDKI cambi6 <strong>de</strong> tactica militar en 1980.<br />

Antes tenian bajo su control zonas liberadas y oeupaban<br />

gran parte <strong>de</strong> las ciuda<strong>de</strong>s, pero por razones acon6micas<br />

tales como la incapacidad <strong>de</strong> abastacimiento y la nacesidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> proteger a la poblaci6n civil ante los ataques <strong>de</strong>i enemigo,<br />

dacidieron instalarse en las montài'las. A partir <strong>de</strong> ese<br />

momento \levan una guerra <strong>de</strong> guerrillas: atacan por sorpresa,<br />

\levan a cabo operaciones <strong>de</strong> minaje y a vaces ocupan<br />

alguna base irani con el fin <strong>de</strong> "conliscar" municiones. No.<br />

.sotros pudimos presl'mciar una operaci6n comando que con.<br />

sisti6 en atacar un cami.6n enemigo, cerca <strong>de</strong> una alcabala,<br />

--.


..<br />

..<br />

AHURKA<br />

(suite)<br />

e intligir pérdidas huma.<br />

nas. La operaci6n dur6 me.<br />

nos <strong>de</strong> una hora y tue una<br />

victoria. Hubo ocho muer.<br />

tas iranfes y ninguna vfc.<br />

tima <strong>de</strong>l lado kurdo. los<br />

"peshmergas. se r<strong>et</strong>iraron<br />

por las montanas mientras<br />

<strong>de</strong> las bases iranies lanza.<br />

ban morte ras a diestra y<br />

siniestra. Fue emocionan.<br />

te Ilegar al punto <strong>de</strong> en.<br />

cuentro. Era una inmensa<br />

mes<strong>et</strong>a en media <strong>de</strong> las<br />

monta rias que se perdian<br />

en el honzonte. la tar<strong>de</strong><br />

caia en tonalida<strong>de</strong>s rosas<br />

y naranjas. En medio <strong>de</strong><br />

un claro, los "peshmergas",<br />

armas al suelo, bailaban,<br />

cantaban y gritaban.<br />

Las sombras habian cubierto<br />

los cuerpos sudorosos<br />

por la emcei6n cuando<br />

nos fuimos <strong>de</strong> ahi.<br />

La noche siguiente<br />

cambi6 el panorama militar.<br />

La regi6n <strong>de</strong> Baneh<br />

Carol PrunhJ4ber.<br />

estaba en plena movilizaci6n<br />

por parte <strong>de</strong>i gobierno <strong>de</strong> Jemeini. Alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> 15000<br />

soldados iranies habian lIegado y ocupaban la zona Los<br />

"peshmergas" se replegaban hacia las montalias mientras<br />

trescientos hombres ocupaban los pueblos para asegurar<br />

su protecci6n. A nosotros nos lIevaron por precauci6n hacia<br />

la frontera iraquf, a un caserio perdido al fondo <strong>de</strong> una<br />

montaria. Ahi pasamos algunos dias esperando notlcias.<br />

Los "peshmergas" habian preparado un ataque que tuvieron<br />

que cancelar pues la ofensiva <strong>de</strong>i régimE'" era evi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

Esperaban <strong>de</strong> un momento a otro un ataquE' y mientras tanto<br />

a nosotros nos mantenian lejos <strong>de</strong>l frente. Del Cuartel<br />

General nos Ilamaron por radio, habra que regresar <strong>de</strong><br />

inmedlato pues la situaci6n se agravaba. Los iranies provocaban<br />

movimientos <strong>de</strong> fuerzas a los cuales los "peshmergas",<br />

menos numerosos, respondian con cambios <strong>de</strong> montalias.<br />

La estrategia irani busca agotar a los "peshmergas",<br />

forzàndolos a caminar <strong>de</strong> valle en valle antes <strong>de</strong> atacarlos.<br />

Gran parte <strong>de</strong> la fuerza <strong>de</strong> los kurdos resi<strong>de</strong> en el conceimiento<br />

que tienen <strong>de</strong> las montarias y en su capacidad <strong>de</strong><br />

recc>rrerlas sin fatigarse.<br />

Una tar<strong>de</strong> fuimos al encuentro <strong>de</strong>l Comandante Ibrahim,<br />

quien nos recibi6 en un cuarto alfombrado y nos ofreci6<br />

unas tazas <strong>de</strong> té que preparaba uno <strong>de</strong> sus "peshmergas".<br />

Su rostro grave escuchaba en silencio la radio, las noticlas<br />

no eran buenas. Teniamos que partir. Viajariamos con un batall6n<br />

que regresaba <strong>de</strong>i sur, el cual habia sido atacado la<br />

noche antenor, con un saldo <strong>de</strong> cuatro muertos y cuatro<br />

hendos. La ultima noche la pasamos en el pueblo <strong>de</strong> Kak<br />

Ibrahim. Ahf compartimos la tensi6n <strong>de</strong> los "peshmergas.<br />

que habian perdido en esa bataIla al Comandante Aliyar,<br />

miembro <strong>de</strong>l Comité Central <strong>de</strong>l Partido. A<strong>de</strong>mâs <strong>de</strong>l dolor <strong>de</strong><br />

estos hombres ante la pérdida <strong>de</strong> sus comparieros, me<br />

conmovi6 la historia <strong>de</strong> Hasân Shiwassali, Comandante <strong>de</strong><br />

la Divisi6n. Cuenta que en media <strong>de</strong>i tiroteo se acerc6 a su<br />

caballo para montar al compai'lero Aliyar que estaba hendo.<br />

Pero su caballo tenia tan apr<strong>et</strong>ada la soga que no logr6 <strong>de</strong>shacer<br />

el nuda. Y mientras 10 intentaba el enemigo le dispar6<br />

al caballo y éste en plena agonia mordi6 suavemente su bra.<br />

"Peshmergas celebrando su victoria". (Kurdisran Iranf, region <strong>de</strong> Baneh)<br />

ZOo Para el Comandante Shiwassali este gesto fue la ultima<br />

expresi6n <strong>de</strong> ternura <strong>de</strong> su caballo, compariero constante<br />

en esta larga guerra. Momentos <strong>de</strong>spués la artilleria enemiga<br />

dlspar6 y el Comandante Aliyar, hendo, y su ayudante<br />

perecieron bajo el tiroteo.<br />

AI dia siguiente salimos muy temprano. No pudimos<br />

<strong>de</strong>spedirnos <strong>de</strong> todos los amigos. A medida que las mulas<br />

avanzaban la nostalgia <strong>de</strong> la separaci6n se me vino encima.<br />

Des<strong>de</strong> ya me hada falta esa forma suave y gentil <strong>de</strong> esta<br />

raza <strong>de</strong> seriores y guerreros que combaten por su tierra y<br />

su i<strong>de</strong>ntidad. Esta tierra cuyos pueblos son tan Solo una<br />

forma <strong>de</strong> nombrar la morada que se busca entre golpe <strong>de</strong> sol<br />

y <strong>de</strong> piedras, es el verda<strong>de</strong>ro rostro <strong>de</strong> la ternura. Guardianes<br />

<strong>de</strong> estas montanas, los kurdos cruzan su tierra con una<br />

voz que rapite su historia <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el comlenzo. Estas montafias<br />

tienen costumbre <strong>de</strong> guerra y <strong>de</strong> canto, qUlzas el<br />

reposo los espere cuanda el t1empo se <strong>de</strong>vuelva sobre si.<br />

Par ahara continuan celebrando la vida a través <strong>de</strong> la poesia:<br />

"Kurdistan, no hay nada màs hermosa que morir por ti.<br />

Ser seflor en nuestra casa y orgullosamente cantar en<br />

kurdo.<br />

En la llama <strong>de</strong> nuestras armas celebramos la gloria<br />

<strong>de</strong> nuestra raza rrlilenaria, <strong>de</strong> nuestra tierra querlda.<br />

Ser libre, amar, creer y mom.<br />

Preguntale a la fuente, ella te dirà<br />

que en su murmullo vacan mil suspiros,<br />

millâgrimas: mil reoeliones y mil esperanzas."<br />

(poesia popular)<br />

CarOl Prunhuber<br />

(1) Actualmente mantiene también relaciones con el<br />

gobierr'lO iranI.<br />

33


TercùmllIl 7 lerarlsl ~ölduru u 4. 11.87 r<br />

Cizre-$lrnak qraslndà operasyonlan""sUrdüren güv~nlik ..<br />

.kuvv<strong>et</strong>/<strong>et</strong>inin Hteslim 01" çagnslna eiklya ate$le cevap verdi<br />

7'" ~. ' ...... van...... dunaln .. ...,u<br />

Cizre~lrnak araslnda operasyonlarJnIsOrdOrengO-' SOperVall KozakçlOOlu,artlk e~klyanln eylem<br />

venlik kuw<strong>et</strong>lerl, Karhtepe mevklln<strong>de</strong> 14 terörlst Ile yapmasini beklemeylp, sOrdOrOlenoperasyonkar~lla~tl.<br />

GOvenlikkuvv<strong>et</strong>le~ln "Tes11m01" çaOrJ- Jarlaher ver<strong>de</strong> Slkl~tlrrldlOInIsöyledi. Köy korusma<br />

teröristlerin ate~le cevap vermesl Ozerine Çl- culanna verlIen cephane mlktarJartlrlhrken, yakan<br />

sllâhhçatl~ma sonunda1terörlst OldOrOIdO. 7'sl klnda koruculara el bombasl da verllecelt '<br />

<strong>de</strong> kaÇtl, blr OsteOmen~ehlt oldu ' , ' " '<br />

I<br />

..<br />

NUSAYBtN, (Tercüman)-<br />

Mardin'in Cizre i1çesi yakm.<br />

lanndaki Karhtepe mevkiin<strong>de</strong><br />

gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>leriyle ça.<br />

lIsmaya ,giren' 7 terörist ölU<br />

olarak eie geçirildi. çatlsmada<br />

bii' Uste~IIien sehit oldu.<br />

A1inan bilgiye göre, dUn<br />

saat 15.00 slra1aï-inda Cizre-<br />

~Irnak arasmdaki Karhtepe<br />

mevkiin<strong>de</strong> operasyonlanm<br />

.sürdüren güvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri,<br />

sayJlar! 14 o]an bir terörist<br />

grubuyla karSliastI. Güvenlik<br />

kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinin "Teslim 01"<br />

ça~sma teröristlerin atesle,<br />

Terciim.a.V<br />

E~k.va'üçgene<br />

hapsedildi<br />

D tYARBAKIR. Olaganüstü<br />

Hal Böige Valisi Hayii<br />

Kozakçlo~lu, aynhkçl PKK<br />

milifanlannm harek<strong>et</strong> alamm<br />

~lmak.Eruh-Ulu<strong>de</strong>re üçgeni<br />

ile Slmrladlklanm söyledi.<br />

KozakçlO~lu,. "Aruk esklyamn<br />

eylem yapmasml beklemiyoruz.<br />

Özel timlerle biz<br />

onlan anyoruz" <strong>de</strong>di. KozakÇlO~U,<br />

aynca köy korueutanna<br />

verilen kursun sayISlnln<br />

àrtmllicallml, el bombai a-<br />

n dagltllaca~nI, egitimlerine<br />

aguilk verilecegini, böyleee<br />

bu müessesenil) güçlendirileeegini<br />

açlkladl. Vali, GüneydORU<br />

Anadolu Bölgesi'ni<br />

ekonomik .yön<strong>de</strong>n güçlendirmeyi<br />

he<strong>de</strong>flediklerini <strong>de</strong> söy-<br />

Iedi.<br />

~lhk vennesi sonucu çaUSma<br />

çlktl. Çlkan çatlsma 50-<br />

nueu teröristler<strong>de</strong>n 7'si, ölU<br />

olarak e1egeçirildi. Diger 7 te-<br />

'röristin ise kaçtlgl belirtildi.<br />

çatlsma esnasmda üstegmen<br />

Feral Ahm sehit oldll,<br />

$IRNAK'TA J YARALI<br />

Siirt 'in ~Irnak ilçesine bag.,<br />

Il Amhms köyün<strong>de</strong> la\' silâht<br />

mermisinin patlamasl sonuèu<br />

üç kiSi yaralandl.<br />

AmlmlS köyün<strong>de</strong> oturan<br />

Mabmut A~lar, köy yakmlannda<br />

arazi<strong>de</strong> buldugu lav<br />

Kozakçlo~lu, göreve bastadlgl<br />

gün<strong>de</strong>n bu yana geçen<br />

sUre için<strong>de</strong>ki gelismeler kanu,<br />

sundaki sorulan söyle eevap'<br />

landlrdl:<br />

,Soru: Köy korueulu~u mü.<br />

eSse5esi hakkmda çesitli eies'<br />

tiruer ~r. BazI kanun kliçak.<br />

lanmn köy 'korucusu yapLldl'<br />

gl öne sürü!üyor. Bu sistemi<br />

sürdürme konusunda Israrh<br />

mlsmlZ?<br />

Koçakçl~u: Geçmiste köv .<br />

korueularl seçilirken bazi hataJar<br />

yaplldlgl do~rudur. Biz<br />

simdi bu hatalan düzeltiyo.<br />

ruz. Bu göreve layJk olma'<br />

yanlan tasfiye ediyoruz. Bu<br />

sistemi sürdürme konusunda<br />

IsrarhylZ. Faydah olduguna<br />

inamyoruz.Oyle olmasa, es.<br />

4.11.87<br />

klya hep bunlara saldlrmaz.<br />

dl. _<br />

Soru: BazI kisilerin güven.<br />

lik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinin basklslyla<br />

küy korueusu yaplldlgl iddialan<br />

dogru mu?<br />

KozakçlOglu: "GönU!lO nlmayam<br />

korucu yapmayrn"<br />

diye lalimat \'erdik. istemeye,<br />

Ili zorlamtyoruz. Ama taliplisi<br />

çok. Köy yerin<strong>de</strong> 80,90<br />

bill lira ai para' <strong>de</strong>gil.<br />

Sorù:, Hükûm<strong>et</strong>len gerek.<br />

Ii ilgiri görüyor musunllz?<br />

Bekledi~iniz araç \'e gereçler<br />

I(ön<strong>de</strong>riliy'or mu?<br />

K"lak~l()g,lu: Hükümel ge.<br />

rekli il~i ve hassasiy<strong>et</strong>i gösïeriYaL<br />

ISledigimiz araç \'c g.ereeler<br />

pey<strong>de</strong>r'pey geliyor.<br />

1.:i'l11J araç!a'r, gece dürbünle.<br />

"ri. helikopterler pey<strong>de</strong>rpey gelIyor.<br />

Kar ü~tü araçlanrmz da<br />

yakmda gelecek. Avnca billgenin<br />

ck0nomi,k 'yaplsmlll<br />

mermisinj evine g<strong>et</strong>irdi. Eviri<strong>de</strong><br />

mermi ile oynayan Mah~<br />

mut Aglar, merminin patlamas!<br />

sonueu, agir yaralandl:<br />

Patlama slrasmda ev<strong>de</strong> bulu,<br />

nan Hm Alaba~' ile kimligi<br />

belirlenemcyen bir kiSi daha<br />

yaralandl,<br />

düzeltilriIèsi için <strong>de</strong> hükûm<strong>et</strong>le<br />

iSbiriigi yaplyoruz.. Olaylann<br />

önJenmesi, büyük çapta ..<br />

buna bagh,<br />

SOflI: BaZI santiyeler baSI'"<br />

hyor. is makinalan Y'dklhyor. ':<br />

Bu eylemler yutmmlan engel.'<br />

lemeye mi yönelik, bunu na-,:<br />

511 <strong>de</strong>gerlendiriyorsunuz?<br />

KozakçlO~lu: Teröristlcr<br />

.bütün çabalan ile bu \'allnm-<br />

Ian engellemeye \'e geeiktir.<br />

meye çahSlyorlar. "HalklanyunaYlm"<br />

diyen terörisf, hal-.<br />

ka hiz.m<strong>et</strong> götürülmesini iSle-,<br />

miyor. Hizm<strong>et</strong>in gelmemesini<br />

kendi menfaaü için istiyor.<br />

Hizm<strong>et</strong> gelmesin ki, <strong>de</strong>\'l<strong>et</strong>in<br />

güvenlik gücU 'oraya gel mesin,<br />

0 da rahat harek<strong>et</strong><br />

<strong>et</strong>sin.<br />

34<br />

Hûrriu<strong>et</strong><br />

. ...;:- 4.11.87 D<br />

, Süper Vali müj<strong>de</strong> verdi: "Elklya Slklltl"<br />

KOruculara;<br />

elbombasl'<br />

• Kozakçloglu, PKK'nin arlik eylem yapmaSln1<br />

beklemediklerini açlklarken,<br />

"Özel timlerle biz onlan anyoruz"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di. Apo' nun, örgütüne "sempatizan<br />

'-kazanma" talimatl verdigi bildirildi.<br />

tYARBAKIR - VAN, (hha-ANKA)-<br />

Olaganüslü Hal Böige \'a!isi Hayri KozakÇlOglu,<br />

aynhkç' PKK mililanlanmn hare.<br />

kel ala1ll1ll~lmak-EnIh-Ulu<strong>de</strong>re üçgcniyle<br />

sl1llrladlklan1ll sö<strong>de</strong>di.<br />

KozakçlOglu,' "Artlk e~lqyanln eylem<br />

yapmaslnl beklemiyoruz. Ozel tirn]erle<br />

biz onlarl anyonIz" <strong>de</strong>di. KozakçlOglu,<br />

aynca köy ,korucularma \'erilen kU~lIn saYI'<br />

Sl1lln artlrllacagml. el' bombalan dagllilaca.<br />

gml. egitimlerine aglrhk verilecegini. böylece<br />

bu müessesenin güçlendirileœgini 'açlkladl.<br />

\'ali. Güneydogu Anadolu Bölgesi'ni ekono,<br />

mik yön<strong>de</strong>n güçlendinneyi hed<strong>et</strong>lediklcrini <strong>de</strong><br />

sövledi,<br />

, Güneydogu .-\nadolu Bölgesi'n<strong>de</strong> son blr<br />

ylida yapllklan toplu katiamlarla kamuoyu.<br />

llUll nefrelÎni kazanan bölücü PKK örgülü<br />

militanlarmm. li<strong>de</strong>rleri Abdullah ÙCalan',1'\<br />

(Apo) talimallyla eylemlerin<strong>de</strong> taktik dci:i~:<br />

lirdikleri belirlendi. '<br />

Kom~u ülkeler<strong>de</strong>ki- kamplarda egilildiklen<br />

sonra. bölgeye gön<strong>de</strong>rilen teroristlere moral<br />

vennek \'e ontan yeni<strong>de</strong>n toparlamak :çin<br />

taba gösteren ~r örgülünun li<strong>de</strong>rÎ Abdullah<br />

Oealan, "kaYlplann en az dü:œve indiriJmcsi<br />

ve yeni sempatizan kaiiuulmaSl"<br />

yolunda harek<strong>et</strong> edilmesi lalima1l1ll verdi,


•<br />

...<br />

Öldürülen 7 PKK1CI eleba$1<br />

.eizre yaklnlanndaki Carita Tepesi'nrle<br />

-meydana gelen çatl$mada öldürülenlerin<br />

ARGK'nmböige komutan, Nlzam<strong>et</strong>tin<br />

Ta$, diger 6 kl$inln <strong>de</strong> üst<br />

duzey görevliler Oldugu saptandl<br />

~ .s.:.....u;. ' .-<br />

, -. Slraç ÇALlK"".~ÀRaltf (MIL-H'A) I<br />

f"iilKK'nm, Mardin'in Cim ilçesi yakmlannda<br />

Lß oneeki gun çlkan çaulmada, son ylliann en<br />

apr darbcsini yediji belirlendi.<br />

Selmik mW8S1 Garita Tepesi'n<strong>de</strong>ki Ç8llpuada öldürùlen<br />

7 PKK militaDindan l'iDin, öraÏltün .. vq<br />

konseyi ve askeri kanad. ARGK'mn bölJe komutaru<br />

N1zam<strong>et</strong>tID Tq oldugu saptandJ, PICK ldiJ-MidY81<br />

sorumlusu bomba uzmaDi Abdurrabm80 Motor,<br />

merkez konseyi üyesi ve ARGK Mardin böige 50-<br />

rumlusu HaIlI Kaya, Sürt böige sorumlusu Naif Ydmil,<br />

Sürt birimi üst düuy gorevlisi Selabattla Güa,<br />

merkez konseyi üyesi "Gözlüklü ~mal" kod adIJ<br />

Hüseyin Engiuk <strong>de</strong> oldürùlen teroristler arasmda<br />

bulunuyor, Ùlü eie geçirilen teroristler<strong>de</strong>n l'inin kimli~<br />

saptanamadl.<br />

SURlvE'OEN<br />

TALIMATLAR<br />

Soz konusu teroristlerin, Garita Tepesi'n<strong>de</strong> merkez<br />

konseyi üyesi Hüseyin Engizek'in Suriye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

l'KK üst duzey yon<strong>et</strong>ieilerin<strong>de</strong>n g<strong>et</strong>irdigi ta/imatian<br />

almak üzere toplanclJklan belirlendi, Edinilen bilgiye<br />

gore, güvenlik güçlerinin Ylldmm harekâundan<br />

nnce Hüseyin Enl:izek, dlger PKK eleba,lanndan<br />

Surive'<strong>de</strong>kl bir kampta ahnan son kararlan anlauyür:orgul<br />

II<strong>de</strong>n AbduUab Öcalan'm (Apo) son ta-<br />

IImallanm ileuyordu,<br />

uç BUÇUK SAAT ÇATI~MA<br />

Guvenlik guçlerinin Garita Tepesi'ni kUlatmasl<br />

le çaulma tam uç buçuk saat sürdü, Koy korueularmm<br />

da kauldip çaulmada Üstejmen Feral Altun<br />

lerunstler<strong>de</strong>n Abclurrabman Motor'un kurlunJanyla<br />

jehit edildi, 7 PKK eleballsl ter orist • çatllmanm sonunda<br />

teoeYl terk e<strong>de</strong>meyerek ölü eie geçirildiler,<br />

SiLAH DEPOSU GIBI<br />

Öldürulen PKK eleballannm üzerin<strong>de</strong> 7 ad<strong>et</strong><br />

uzun namlulu Kalalnikof, lad<strong>et</strong> tabanea, 5 ad<strong>et</strong><br />

S0vy<strong>et</strong> yaplsl bomba, 2 ad<strong>et</strong> Çin yaplsl el bombasl,<br />

! a<strong>de</strong>l aDiitank mayml, bol miklarda dolu ve bo,<br />

IÎjck, gi7.1ibazi orgütse! d,'kumanla~, eylem planla.<br />

r • ,I,' ," r :I:~'<br />

SOPER VAll OLAV YERINDE<br />

Olaganüstü Hal Böige Valisi Hayri KozakçlOg.<br />

la ve Özd Kolonlu Komutaru KorgeoeraJ HuI.si Sa-<br />

JIll, dün sabah helikopterle Ç


•<br />

5.11.87<br />

"'~~~;~!A~aft~dan- -•.6'--f-af. ' :' ,<br />

V ;' -I; •<br />

~~: ,"" .<br />

111"11 <strong>de</strong>'le'ini'~<br />

'y,kmaya<br />

ömdôv"tmaz"<br />

IW;(ii PKK içinda lidarlik için çe$ltli kavgalarln<br />

_ ba$ladlQlnl kabul e<strong>de</strong>n Abdullah Öcalan<br />

bunlan saplklikla suçladl ve "Su tOr anla.<br />

YI$lan mahkûm <strong>et</strong>mezsek PKK'da bir yenil.<br />

giyi ve teslimiy<strong>et</strong>i kendi ellerimizle hamla.<br />

"r 11J


BÖIÜcülük<br />

• önseçlml kaybe<strong>de</strong>n Kenan Nehro.<br />

zoglu, pasa sariOglu ve Edlp serv<strong>et</strong><br />

Devrlmcl, partlyl frakslyonlarln eie<br />

geçlrdlglnl, örgütte Kürt kökenll ve<br />

Alevllerln <strong>et</strong>kln oldugunu Iddla <strong>et</strong>tl<br />

ANKARA, GZEl<br />

HP'<strong>de</strong> önseçim sonrasl yeni tartJf1II8IarblfJar.<br />

~ LQJ ken önseçimi kaybe<strong>de</strong>n iki mill<strong>et</strong>vekiliUebit ,e.<br />

nel sekr<strong>et</strong>er yarwmClsl, partiyi, "rraktlyoaJa.<br />

na ele aeçlrdlllal" öne lürdüJer.<br />

Önseçimi kaybe<strong>de</strong>n Mardin Mill<strong>et</strong>vekilileau Ndrozotla,<br />

Ain MiU<strong>et</strong>vekiliPlfa Sanotla ve Genel Sekr<strong>et</strong>er<br />

yardlmCllanndan Edlp Semt Denl.d, partiye<br />

ç~itli fraksiyonlann IlZwiJm ve önseçim<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> bunla.<br />

nn <strong>et</strong>kili olduklanm söyledUer.<br />

MUUyel'insorusu üzerine IÖ~ÜDÜ lÇIt1ayan Parti<br />

Me<strong>et</strong>isi üyesi ve Genel Sekr<strong>et</strong>er Yardunelsl Edlp Ser-<br />

Y<strong>et</strong>nevrlmcl, önseçim slfaslDdapartinin awm bile bU.<br />

H9:~,~~q<strong>et</strong> 6.11.98<br />

-<br />

,!!reklere ahize taklp poNs veiandarmanm__k2~l1j!!1~/a'!I"llliYO'lar<br />

PKK, telefon dinlivor<br />

~~çi~m~~1Gizli örgütçü<br />

aile<br />

rlmd, "Ba lItueçImdr .... a 6aeec1ea pI/1IJe lIZZIIIf olD<br />

rrwlJoalar roi oyaacll. ~ ptrtl<strong>de</strong> yok edIbDek<br />

lIteMl blrtalu. IItIllDarlanl yeal<strong>de</strong>l IIerlel.n1le<br />

le<strong>de</strong>a oIda, Bqta Geael Bllllaa oImaklure yllaeü.<br />

dIer daIIl day'" Je tedblrll oImabdalar" <strong>de</strong>dI.<br />

Partizan örgutune yatakllk <strong>et</strong>tlklerl<br />

Önseçimi klybe<strong>de</strong>n Mardin Mill<strong>et</strong>vekilllelU Nu.<br />

Iddlaslyla glyaplaranda yargllamp ce.<br />

ro'" Ise, kendi böllcsin<strong>de</strong> Kürt kökenlilerin <strong>de</strong>stek.<br />

zalandlralan $ahln allesin<strong>de</strong>n baba<br />

ledlji insanlann ön plana ÇdctliJnlöne sürdü ve 1)'1.<br />

ogul ve klZI Mersin'<strong>de</strong> eie geçlrlldi<br />

nmClbk yapddliJm söyledi, Nelaro., blrtaklm ör.<br />

ptlerin <strong>de</strong>vreye airerek Kürt kökenli oylann birtaklm<br />

Idaylara ka)'IDISIßJnsatJandliJm da sözlerine ekledi.<br />

Ali Ekber ~EN<br />

i Ain Mill<strong>et</strong>vekilip. Smotla da, bölaesin<strong>de</strong> ya.<br />

pdan önseçim~lflSlDdaçqitli oyunlar oynandJiJm ÖDe<br />

• MERSiN (Mil-HA)<br />

sÜfdü ve "Xlrtler ft Alnller "blrUli Ylparall Weala<br />

.raJa.uada lIIe'" roi oyaacldar" <strong>de</strong>di. Sanai-<br />

11k<strong>et</strong>tikleri iddiasl~la ~y~plannda yarlÙarup<br />

rXJASADI~I bölüeü Partizan Örgütü'ne yataltla,<br />

bölücùlütle suçladJjJ bu kililerin Örlülte <strong>et</strong>kin 01.<br />

cezalandmlan $ahia ailesm<strong>de</strong>n baba, oguJ ve<br />

dujunu belirterek, konuyu Genel 88fkan Enlai la6-<br />

kill Mersin' <strong>de</strong> ele leçirihli_<br />

Il'ye il<strong>et</strong>tijini söyedi ve tedbir abnmasl istejin<strong>de</strong> bu.<br />

lundujunu bUdirdi.p. SmotIa, <strong>et</strong>nik IfUplann par.<br />

Tunceü'<strong>de</strong> eniltelen :iüseJ\n YlImu'. öldürdük.<br />

tiyi eIe leçirmesiyle ileri<strong>de</strong> Slnelh lünler Ylfanabileee.<br />

leri iddiaslyla gözaJuna ahnan ve 8 ay suren yarg!-<br />

gini <strong>de</strong> vur~uladl.<br />

lamadan .soora beraat e<strong>de</strong>rek eezaevin<strong>de</strong>n Çtkan 58<br />

• Dogu ve Güneydogu'daki il ve ilçelere verilen ankesérlu telefonlarm<br />

ahizesi koparùara.k PKK rnilltanlarma ul8.$tlI'lllYor.<br />

Yapùan. operasyorùarda telefon direklerine bagl1 ahizeler bulundu.<br />

PIT Genel Müdürlügû bu bélge<strong>de</strong>ki sistemi <strong>de</strong>giqtiriyor.<br />

RZURUM, (hha) - [)ogu<br />

EV{'(;llnl'Vrlogu illerin,k kaI.<br />

liam \aIHlI1-, karlln. ,oeuk dcml'(kn<br />

hllnharcR katlcdl'n boo<br />

IllCll b,"nil-rin, Iclcfon dirckk<br />

rine t"kllklarl ahi,e1crle konu~n1alan<br />

Ii,nil-Iiikl,'n orta\a<br />

l'TT (;en,,1 \Illdurlugu,<br />

\'Iktl<br />

Iclt'-<br />

fOil h.tllHbmalanrll11 dinl('nn1l'.<br />

nW:-.l li..;Il1' e'flin~<br />

sistl'f1W cl',,'hi tHmarnl


~<br />

. , '<br />

. . ....<br />

,<br />

'..<br />

."<br />

,<br />

"~~ruculuk<br />

h~~kl böldü"<br />

•<br />

Mardln'<strong>de</strong>n SHP'nln IIsteba$1adaVI olan eskl parla.<br />

menter Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk, tutuklu bulundugu DivarbaKlr<br />

cezaevl'n<strong>de</strong>n avukatl araclllgllie verdlgl <strong>de</strong>meçte,<br />

"Meclls'te Dogu halKmm haklarr lçln çaba göstereceglm"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di<br />

• Türlc, !tendlslnln adav almaSlvla ANAPadaVINur<strong>et</strong>.<br />

l:~n V!lm~;tii1 seçllme $ansmln kalmadlQln1 öne<br />

o IW{ARBAKIR (MIL-HA)<br />

rnllY AJUlAKIRDevl<strong>et</strong> Güvenlik Mahkem<strong>et</strong>.I!J<br />

si'nee yargllanan ve SHP'<strong>de</strong> 'Mardin'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

liste b~1 olan eski parlamenter Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk, \UtukJu bulundugu cezaevin<strong>de</strong>n avukall araeilig!<br />

ite verdigi ôzel <strong>de</strong>meçte, seçiIdigi takdir<strong>de</strong> Dogu<br />

hal!umn klSltlanan <strong>de</strong>mokratik hak ve özgür.<br />

lükJerinin sag!anmasl için çaba harcayaca8JOl<br />

söyledi.<br />

'<br />

Tür\(, lutukJu buJundugu Diyarbakir Cezaevi'n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

avukall Felhl GiimÜJ araCÙ.igiîle Mil-Ha muhabirine<br />

verdiiÎ <strong>de</strong>meçte, ç~itli konuJardaki Sir<br />

. cü~lerini belirui ..<br />

SHP Mardin milI<strong>et</strong>vekili aday! ve KuJJtepe i1e<br />

Derik'te Y8l8yan Türk ~ir<strong>et</strong>inin li<strong>de</strong>ri Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk, SHP'nin Mardin'<strong>de</strong> 3 veya 4 mill<strong>et</strong>vekili Çlkarma<br />

~ansmm oldugunu belirterek ~yle <strong>de</strong>di:<br />

"Memez yokl!llillilSl !le seçime giri1seydi, SHP'oio<br />

Mardilll'cJe olamlo ilir IlOnllç a1amayaeai! açlldl.<br />

Halla barajl cWIi "amama &ÖZ konusnydu. HalkID<br />

gerçek int<strong>de</strong>sinin !usmeo teceUisl olan önsc.<br />

çim soounda bu durum lamamen <strong>de</strong>gijmijtir. Seçmenlerin<br />

cltiertendlrmesl soouoda meydana geleo<br />

liste i1e SliP Mardin'<strong>de</strong> 3 vey a 4 mill<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

çlkarabilecektir. "<br />

SHP'nin Türlciye genelin<strong>de</strong> büyük bir oy patlamasi<br />

yapacagina inandlgiOl bildiren Türk, kendisinin<br />

eezaevin<strong>de</strong> bulunmaslOlfI seçim çahlmala-<br />

6.11.87<br />

sürdü Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk<br />

J F i I ona bir engel olu~l1mnad1guu, çah~m,alan seçmen.<br />

I .~~~!~h BUlUTTEK N lerinsürdürdügünü söyledi. Türk, DSP'nin genel durumunu<br />

<strong>de</strong>gerlendirirken <strong>de</strong> DSP' nin barajl ~mama<br />

tehlikesi ite karl! kaqlya bulundugunu öne<br />

sürdü.<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk, SHP'<strong>de</strong> aday olmallOIn, ANAP<br />

adaYI Nur<strong>et</strong>tin Yllmu'lO lanslOJ ortadan kaldHdlSIm<br />

ifa<strong>de</strong> e<strong>de</strong>rken, "Eger ben SHP'<strong>de</strong> aday 01-<br />

mUlydlm, Nllr<strong>et</strong>tin Yllmu ANAP'tan büyükbir<br />

ihtlmalle seçWrdl. Aoeak SHP'ye girip Iday<br />

olmam Yllmu'm seçitme laOSIDI büyük ölçü<strong>de</strong><br />

ortadaD kaldirDlijur" leklin<strong>de</strong> konustu.<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk <strong>de</strong>mecin<strong>de</strong>, mill<strong>et</strong>vekili seçilmesi<br />

halin<strong>de</strong>, ilk <strong>et</strong>apta, halkl ikiyc bölüp karSI karllya<br />

g<strong>et</strong>iren köy korueulugu sistemine son vermek<br />

amac!yla çaba gösterecegini soyledi. Türk, "Seçilmem<br />

halln<strong>de</strong> Anayasa'nm 141 ve 142 i1e 163.<br />

mad<strong>de</strong>leriDin kaldinlmasdçio çahlaea~m. HaI-<br />

!umm OOye bölüp kalll kalllya g<strong>et</strong>Îren köy ko.<br />

rucuJugu SÎlltemioe soo vermek amaelyla gereken<br />

çaba)'l gösterecegim. Bunlann da ötesin<strong>de</strong> Do~u<br />

ha1luDln !usltlanan <strong>de</strong>mokratik bak ve özgürtük-<br />

Ierioio sagIanmasl için partameotoda gereken çabalan<br />

özellikle sarfe<strong>de</strong>eegim" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Mit-Ha'mn eezaevin<strong>de</strong> yatan Abmel Türk ile<br />

yüzyüze görü~me istemi Savel Turban Korkutan<br />

taraflOdan kabuJ edilmedi. Korkutan, DG~l'<strong>de</strong><br />

yargllanan siyasi tutuklulara, görülme yasagi g"<br />

tirildigini, bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle görülmenin mümkün olmadlgim<br />

aÇlkladl.<br />

ini to Arallk'ta Tür-<br />

.' kIYe'<strong>de</strong>: Genel at ve<br />

tutuklulann serbest blrakiimasi<br />

konusunda<br />

kampanya açan örgütün<br />

gön<strong>de</strong>rdiQi, aralar1nda<br />

SOP ve Ye~i1ler<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>vekillerinin <strong>de</strong><br />

bulunduQu hey<strong>et</strong> 10<br />

Aralik'ta Türkiye'<strong>de</strong><br />

llißtl .ylil varalla-<br />

~nacak: 1988'in ilk<br />

aylarmda Avrupa'da<br />

kurulacak bir Adal<strong>et</strong><br />

Divanl (il da 12 Eylül<br />

yön<strong>et</strong>icilerini yargllayacak<br />

B OON, (Tercüman)-<br />

Marksist bic kurulu~ olan<br />

"Devrimci 4çi" Bonn'da lertipledi~i<br />

basm toplanl1smda<br />

"yddlz yürüyü~ü "nUn sona<br />

erdi~ini belirterek, TUrkiye~<br />

<strong>de</strong>ki polilik tutuklulann serbesl<br />

blraklllp, idam cezalanmn<br />

kaldmlmasl için, Avrupa<br />

çapmda açl1klan imza kampanyasl<br />

sonucunun, aralannda<br />

SPD (Alman Sosyal Oe.<br />

mokrat Parti) ve Yejiller mill<strong>et</strong>vekillerinin<br />

<strong>de</strong> bulunaca~ bir<br />

hey<strong>et</strong>le 10 Arahk'ta Ankara~<br />

'Ya gön<strong>de</strong>rilece~ini bildirdi.<br />

BugUne kadar on bin imza<br />

toplad!klanm öne sUren<br />

. Devrimci hçi Kurulu~u söz-<br />

7.11.87<br />

"Devrimci i$çi"<strong>de</strong>n<br />

balk' mahkemesi<br />

cUleri, 1988 yJlmm ilk aylannda<br />

da, Avrupa!da aralannda<br />

UnlU hukukçu, parlamenter<br />

ve sendika temsilcilerinin<br />

<strong>de</strong> bulunacaAI bir "Adal<strong>et</strong><br />

DIVIlDl" tC$kil edilerek "U<br />

Eylill yön<strong>et</strong>imlnln sonllnlulannln<br />

yargdanacailnl" öne<br />

sUrdUler. 10 Aral1k'ta Ankara'da<br />

bulunacak hey<strong>et</strong>in, Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

lhsan Haklan DerneAi'nin<br />

tertipJ.eyeceAi mitinge<br />

<strong>de</strong> katiJacaAml bildiren<br />

sözcUler "AmaçlanDln, Tür-<br />

!dye'<strong>de</strong> iKi SIDIfl Ile bütün<br />

h~anlann yön<strong>et</strong>im<strong>de</strong> söz<br />

ça-<br />

sahibl<br />

olacail blr düzen g<strong>et</strong>lrmek<br />

olduiunu" söylediler.<br />

GörU~lerinin Marksizm teorisini<br />

esas aldtAml belirten<br />

Devrimci IKi kurulu~u sözcUleri<br />

"PKK'ya kalll olduklanDI,<br />

PKK'nID slvil halka<br />

yönelik kauh eylemlerini tasvip<br />

<strong>et</strong>medikleri" ifa<strong>de</strong> e<strong>de</strong>rek<br />

TKP île i~birli~i yaptlklanlll<br />

aÇ1kladtlar. Basm toplantlSlnda<br />

admm Monika Ganzefeld<br />

oldu~unu belirten bir Alman<br />

kadm da "SPD çal~ma grubu<br />

adlOa toplantlya ~tirsk<br />

<strong>et</strong>tiaini" bîldirerek giri$imi<br />

<strong>de</strong>steklediklerini söyledi.'<br />

Toplanl1da YC$ilIer'<strong>de</strong>n Elner<br />

Ohlen <strong>de</strong>, imza kampanyasl-'<br />

ni sonunda toplanan dilekçeyi<br />

Ankara'ya götUrecek hey<strong>et</strong>te<br />

yer alabileceklerini açlkla-<br />

.dL<br />

•<br />

TerciiInnn7. 11 .87<br />

Köyliilerle<br />

ça'I;ID dörl<br />

38<br />

bÖ~MGÜkaçtl<br />

£'1 AZÏAi'\l1'Ell"d Gaziantep'e:<br />

'-Jba~11 Kam!cesek kOyü Kore.<br />

Ii mezra5ma gelen 4 bOlucU ç<strong>et</strong>e<br />

mensubu, köy!tllerle girdikleri silâhh<br />

çatl$madan soora ltaçtt.<br />

Ahnan . bîlgiye gOre,<br />

Gaziantep-J:


..<br />

•<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> KoçAK<br />

HABUR/CtZRE, (Tereü.<br />

man). Mardin'in Cizre ilçesin<strong>de</strong><br />

7 terOristin OIUolarak<br />

eie geçirilmesin<strong>de</strong>n sonra,<br />

gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri haklann.<br />

da ""ur" emri Ç1kanlan Or.<br />

gUtUn diler elemanlarma<br />

"tes!lm 01" çalnsmda bulundular.<br />

OUvenlik kuvve<strong>de</strong>ri.<br />

nin son çalTlSmda, "Vaklt<br />

varken daha vahlm blr ,,1<br />

olmadan lelln tesllm olun"<br />

<strong>de</strong>nildi.<br />

Yurt.'lçin<strong>de</strong> ve yurt dl$m.<br />

da faaliy<strong>et</strong> gOsteren PKK mi.<br />

litanlannm gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>.<br />

lerine teslim olmalan halin<strong>de</strong><br />

"PJtmanl1k Kanunu".<br />

ndan faydalanacaklan da bile<br />

dirildi.<br />

PKK örgUtUnUn,gUvenlik<br />

kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerine teslim aimasi !stenen<br />

li<strong>de</strong>rlerinin isbnler,l<br />

söyle:<br />

PKK li<strong>de</strong>ri Abdulla. ÖCI.<br />

Ian (APO): Suriye'<strong>de</strong> oldulu<br />

tahmin ediliyor.<br />

Keslre Öcalan (Fatma):<br />

Avrupa'da bulunuyor.<br />

Osman ÖCIIan - (H... n.<br />

HüseJfn): En son Libya'da<br />

görUldU.<br />

Hasan Hayrl Giller: Fe<strong>de</strong>.<br />

rai Almanya'da oldulu tah.<br />

min edillyor.<br />

Numan Upr: En son Isveç'te<br />

IOr11ldü.<br />

HayTIDarban: Halen Klb-<br />

TIS Rum kesimin<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Hldlr Ayklr (TtKKO II<strong>de</strong>ri):<br />

En son Suriye'ye Apo ile<br />

gUçbirlili için gittili bio<br />

liniyor.<br />

Hü.se)'iDYdduun: Son olarak<br />

Yunanistan'da görüldü.<br />

SelahattJn Çellk: Kl.zey<br />

Irak'ta y8$lyor.<br />

Suphl Karaku,: Kuzey<br />

Irak 'ta.<br />

Fevzl AydIn: Kuuy Irak'.<br />

ta bulunmastna ralmen, zao<br />

man zaman TUrkiye'ye giri,<br />

yaplyor.<br />

Duran Kalkau: (PU mer.<br />

kez komites! üyesi): Halen<br />

Klbns Rum kesimin<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Cemil Baylk (PKK mer.<br />

kez komilesl üyesl): Klbns<br />

Rum kesimin<strong>de</strong>.<br />

9.11.87<br />

Tercüman<br />

PKK'ya son çaiin<br />

Bald Karatr (PKK merkez<br />

tomites! üym): Son olarak<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya'da oldultJ<br />

belirleßdi.<br />

TORKI'frDRI<br />

MILITULAII<br />

Öte yandan, güven1ikkuvv<strong>et</strong>lerine<br />

teslim olmalan Istenen<br />

yurt için<strong>de</strong>ki PKK militanlarmm<br />

isimleri <strong>de</strong> $Oyle:<br />

Vaslm Aras (Di$ç/ Cafer),<br />

Burhan hik, vun KJbç, Mu.<br />

zul Atar, Celai Akk .. , ~ ...<br />

muz Yllit, Faruk AsIan, 'nzi<br />

Sel, M.HadJ Er, lhdJr YaIçln<br />

(Sinan), Ahm<strong>et</strong> lÇeslp<br />

(AIn Canavarl), Ramuan<br />

Topt .. (tbo), Hamit Dattekin<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong>), R<strong>et</strong>it Oruç (Cemil),<br />

M<strong>et</strong>Jn Ya"uz (Süleyman),<br />

M.Emin Eren ve Ay.<br />

sei Öztürk.<br />

Bu militaniar HakkAri,<br />

Gercüs, tdil, Diyarbakir ve<br />

Dolu Anadolu'nun bw iDerin<strong>de</strong><br />

faaliy<strong>et</strong> gösteriyorlar.<br />

Mardin, Clzre, Derlk ve<br />

Klzlltepe' <strong>de</strong> faally<strong>et</strong> gösterenier:<br />

M.Emln Asian, Kazlm<br />

Kulu, Ahm<strong>et</strong> Gü<strong>de</strong>n, Abdo<br />

Orek (Cevd<strong>et</strong>), A. Rahman<br />

Zengin (Yaser) Ebuzeyit<br />

Saneak, Neclp Tokyay,<br />

A.Kadir Özsoy (~vk<strong>et</strong> Arnca),<br />

Nezir Yavuz (Ali Yavuz),<br />

Enüp Kurt, RamUlln<br />

ÇobanyJldlZl, Cemal Mat ve<br />

Adil Asian.<br />

Bu teröristlerin li<strong>de</strong>rlilini<br />

ise Ali Ç<strong>et</strong>lner, Mustafa<br />

Yön<strong>de</strong>m (Erdal) ile Hacl<br />

Baglan yaplyor.<br />

KA.LI PORTR.UR.<br />

Bu arada, bir sUre önee<br />

Cizre ilçesin<strong>de</strong> gUvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri<br />

ile giristikleri çallsmada<br />

ölü olarak eIe geçirilen 7<br />

terörisllen li<strong>de</strong>r durumundaki<br />

4'UnUn açlk kimlili ve ey.<br />

lemleri tesbit edildi.<br />

Nlzam<strong>et</strong>tin Tas (Botan-<br />

B<strong>et</strong>on): PKK böige askeri Ii<strong>de</strong>ri.<br />

PlOarelk katliâmlOl biz.<br />

zat yön<strong>et</strong>mis. Emlrleri direkt<br />

olarak Apo'dan a1lyordu. 96<br />

ki$inin kat/Ii olarak biliniyor.<br />

Emrin<strong>de</strong> 40 silAhh milltan<br />

bulunuvordll<br />

Nlzam<strong>et</strong>tin TIf'm kattldl-<br />

Il eylemler ise söyle:<br />

21 Oeak i987 tarihin<strong>de</strong><br />

Tas<strong>de</strong>len katliâml 18 ölU, 6<br />

yarah, 22 Subat 1987 ikinei<br />

Tas<strong>de</strong>len katliâml 14 ölU, 29<br />

Nisan 1987 13 askerin sehit<br />

edilmesi. 20 Haz/ran 1987 PI-<br />

narelk katlillml 30 ölU, 3<br />

yarah.<br />

Ham Kaya (KOr Cemal)-<br />

Mardin BöIgesi Eyal<strong>et</strong> Komiseri:<br />

PKK'nm 4. kongresin--<br />

<strong>de</strong> eyai<strong>et</strong> komiserliline g<strong>et</strong>irilmi$.<br />

Suriye'<strong>de</strong>n TUrkiye'ye<br />

SIZlP eylemlere katlhyordu.<br />

Nlzameltln Tafm emrin<strong>de</strong><br />

çah$lyordu. Eylemlerin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

Suriye uyruklu terörist <strong>de</strong><br />

kullamyordu. Kahldill eylemier<br />

ise $öyle:<br />

PmarClk katliâml. 23 Ocak<br />

1987 Dargeçit katliâml 10<br />

ölU, S yarah. 8 Mart 1987<br />

Açlkyol katliâml 8 ölU, 3 yarah.<br />

28 Nisan i987 13 askerin<br />

sehit edilmesi.<br />

Abdurrahman Motor (Sa-<br />

Iih)-tdil-Cizre grup amiri:<br />

Ham K.y.'mn ernri alhnda<br />

Cizre-tdil grup amirliline g<strong>et</strong>irildi.<br />

Emrin<strong>de</strong> iO milltan<br />

vardl. Eylemler<strong>de</strong> Haill Kaya'mn<br />

40 kisilik grubuna yar.<br />

dlmCloluyordu. HaiU Kaya'-<br />

dan sonra Mardin bölaesin<strong>de</strong><br />

be$inc:1<strong>de</strong>rece<strong>de</strong> li<strong>de</strong>rdi.<br />

Naif Ytlmaz (Sait)-<br />

Abdurrahman Motor'un<br />

grubunda 2. <strong>de</strong>rece<strong>de</strong> li<strong>de</strong>rdi.<br />

Daha Gnce NIzam<strong>et</strong>dD Tif ik<br />

HakkAri bölgesin<strong>de</strong> çah$tl.<br />

KlzJltepe ve Derik'te <strong>de</strong> faa-<br />

Iiy<strong>et</strong> gosterdi. Mil-Ciue grubuna<br />

girerek Motor'un kauidill<br />

bUtUn eyiemler<strong>de</strong><br />

buiundu.<br />

söz<br />

9_11_87<br />

Evren ve Ecevit Kürt'lere<br />

ka~yumu~k<br />

Generaller sert<br />

"Genelkurmay B~kam Evren'in sorunu .basite<br />

indirgemesine ragmen Generallerin büyük böli.imü<br />

Dogu Anadolù'da sorun yaratan kürtlerin kafalanmn<br />

biran önce ezilmesi gerektigi gör~ünü savunuyor"<br />

8 yJl gizli kald1ktan sonra ayrmtùan<br />

SÖZ aracùlgiyla ilk kez Türk kamuoyuna<br />

ul~tll"ùan ABD Büyükelçilik yaZl~malan,<br />

Amerika'nm Kürt sorununa ba~ açlSml<br />

da ortaya koyuyor.<br />

iran'da Kürt ayaklanmalannm' iyi<strong>de</strong>n<br />

iyiye yaygm~ttkJ. ve Türk.iye'<strong>de</strong> gizli<strong>de</strong>n<br />

gizliye Kürt sorununa çareler arandtkJ. bir<br />

dönem<strong>de</strong> kaleme alman belgeler, bu konuda<br />

Turk Ordusu için<strong>de</strong> "~ahinler" ve<br />

"Güvercinler" oldugunl,l sergiliyor.<br />

Dönemin ABD Büyükelçisi, Ecevit Hüküm<strong>et</strong>i'nin<br />

Kürt sorununa ~'Yum~ak"<br />

yakla~Uktm belirtirken Genelkurmay<br />

Ba~kam Evren'in <strong>de</strong> Ecevit'i <strong>de</strong>stekledigini<br />

ancak "Bazùan" mn buna kar~1 çlkarak<br />

"Kafa ezecek" kadar sert yak~lmlan savunduklan<br />

belirtiliyor.<br />

Raporlara bakùdtkJ.nda ABD BüyükeJçilik<br />

y<strong>et</strong>kililerinin Ordu'daki klplrdanma-<br />

YI daha 0 dönem<strong>de</strong>n fark<strong>et</strong>~ileri ve<br />

APO'culann Türk otoritesi d~mda klan<br />

yerler<strong>de</strong> hakimiy<strong>et</strong> kazanma çabalarma<br />

dikkat çektikleri anla~lhyor. 1979 ko~ulla-,<br />

rmda bir Kürt ayaklanmasl olasùI~na ba-<br />

~an ~nsl tammayan Amerika'IJlar klSa,<br />

dönem<strong>de</strong> Ordu'nun böylesi bir ayaklanmasl<br />

bastlrabilecegi inancmdalar.<br />

Uzun donem<strong>de</strong> Ise sorunun çözümunim<br />

ekonomik gel~me<strong>de</strong> uldugunu vurguluyorlar.<br />

Bu <strong>de</strong>gerlendirmeleri somut kamt-.<br />

larla <strong>de</strong>steklemek için bazI elçilik görevlilerinin<br />

Kurt nufusunun agirhgi bOlgeleri<br />

gezdikleri yine raporlardan anla~lhyor.<br />

ABD Gizli<br />

belgelerine<br />

göre Evren<br />

ve Ecevit'in<br />

Kürt'lere<br />

kar~l<br />

yumu~ak tavn<br />

"Digerlerini"<br />

rahatslz<br />

ediyor'<br />

> 39


DEVA..l\1<br />

Ankara AnD SUyükelçlUtl'n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Dl$i~leri Dakanhtl'na<br />

Acele/ Gtzl..t/ Eylü11979/ Ankara 6660<br />

:Konu: TÜl'kiye'nin dO&'Ullundllg'J.venlik durumu<br />

Elçlllk Görevllsi: Robert DiJ10ll<br />

ÖZET: Bu mesa,; Ti.irkiye'nin dogusundaki<br />

.go"..i'ler.likso:-unv. ve politik durumun blr <strong>de</strong>-<br />

. gerlendirme~ini kapsar. 1ûrkiye'nin dogusundaki<br />

Kürt bö1gelerinJ.(. kontrolu saglaya-<br />

.bilmek için hükÜln<strong>et</strong>, geleneksel 01arak "sa.<br />

mari ve sopa" yak~llm uyguluyordu.<br />

Bu yakla~lm bir yandan bölge<strong>de</strong> güçlü blr<br />

liSkeri.varlù: bulundururken, blr yandan da<br />

~ir<strong>et</strong> li<strong>de</strong>r:erini kendi tarafma çekmeyi öngörüyordu.<br />

. Son Ylllarda bu yakl~un, artan Kürt poli.<br />

tik talepleri, tlr:nanan <strong>et</strong>nik bilinç ve bazJ<br />

egitilm~ KÜl'. g...nçlerin Marksist, bölûcü, terörist.<br />

<strong>de</strong>vrimci faaliy,~tlere kan~malanyla<br />

smand; dan ,~~~<br />

EnazlU JUX1<br />

dönerri<strong>de</strong> biz, Killt<br />

milliy<strong>et</strong>çi harek<strong>et</strong>inin<br />

Türkiye~<strong>de</strong> bir<br />

ayaklanma<br />

b~latabileœgine<br />

ihtimal vermiyoruz<br />

TORKLER sOPHECI- :urluye'run dogu vE<br />

gûneydogu Wlgelerin<strong>de</strong> Kürtler hakim çogunluk.<br />

Diyarbalur gibi baz1 bölgeler<strong>de</strong> nü.<br />

fusun yüz<strong>de</strong> 9O'ma Kadar lmaY~A<br />

ve iran'ill Kü.rt Uilgelerin<strong>de</strong>ki oivil saV~IT~<br />

ayaklanmaya d6nÙ$mesl zaten myasi en~leri<br />

clan Tüdùeri sarstJ.<br />

Za) ûbir iran rejimin~n yë-re<strong>de</strong>ki Kürtlere<br />

otonomi vermeye zorla:unalJl veya loö1ge<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

baj:uns1Z bir Kürt <strong>de</strong>v!<strong>et</strong>inin 0~ma5l ihtimali<br />

Türkler' .ie end5~ yarattl.<br />

SÛVOVEN ETNIK BILINÇ: Bütün Türkive'<strong>de</strong>.<br />

fakat özellikle do,i:uda <strong>et</strong>nik bi1incin<br />

geli~t.igine ~ki" gU,lenen i~r<strong>et</strong>ler Türklerin<br />

en~lerini artum.<br />

Birç:ok Türk, &evit Hüküm<strong>et</strong>!'nin bu<br />

40<br />

ta~mal1 fikirlerin üa<strong>de</strong>sine gösterdigi toleransm,<br />

'riirkiye'nin <strong>et</strong>nik gruplara bölünereK<br />

çözü1mesinin baflangICI olabUeœiin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

en~lenlyor.<br />

Türk seçkirùeri, homojen bir görünü~te 01.<br />

marnalanna ragmen A~türk'ün ~um1ad$<br />

Türklük kavranu üzerin<strong>de</strong> mutab1ktùar.<br />

Bu ~er<strong>de</strong>n pek çogu, Klirtlügiin<br />

aÇlkça te1alfuzunun ve gerek <strong>et</strong>nik gerekse<br />

coçafi aynilgm ira<strong>de</strong> edilmesinin Türklye'nin<br />

bölûnrnesinin ~C1 olacagma<br />

dalr korkulanru bize duyurdular.<br />

Cumhur~karu Fahrt l('lrutürk30 Agustos<br />

kon~masmda bazJ aynrnC1 kafalarm ezileœgini<br />

söyleyerek bu Atatûrkçü elitin dû-<br />

~i.oncelerini <strong>de</strong> yansltb.<br />

OTORlTE AZALDI- Bir baslui gel~'l1c <strong>de</strong> ül.<br />

kenin iç ekonomik 'le riyasi :;ijçlükl.,rinin<br />

bir sonucu olarak hükûm<strong>et</strong> otontesinin ve<br />

saygmllk1run gi<strong>de</strong>rek azalmasl.<br />

Bu durum ülke çapm<strong>de</strong>. ~ö<strong>de</strong>niyor. Da14<br />

ve Orta Anadolu'da sikmblar liTU>rken hüküm<strong>et</strong><br />

otoritesin<strong>de</strong>ki zaaf lÀlgu Anadolu'da<br />

daha ciddi sonuçlar do~yor.<br />

Çünkü 0 böige aneak gü~lü otorite saye.<br />

sin<strong>de</strong> ayakta duruyor. Geçmi.;-te Türk y<strong>et</strong>kililerin<br />

'le askerlerin kontrolu ~hir!er<strong>de</strong> ,'e<br />

kasabalarda klTSal bölgeJere Ioyasla da ha<br />

fazlaydl.<br />

Ancak, ~imdi özellikle Türk yolisinin ve<br />

bürokrasisinin politize Olmasl sonucu artaya<br />

çlkan zaaf, Apoc:nlar, SlvanCJJar gibi ën<strong>de</strong><br />

gelen solcu örgütlerin Türk otorite:;j dl~1I1da<br />

kalan yerler<strong>de</strong> zorla hakimiy;,tlerini kurma-<br />

!.arma 'le halktan "koruma ~,;lJ1


•<br />

10. 1 1.87<br />

Avrupa'daki hiçbir Türk öygütün~en tam <strong>de</strong>stek yok .<br />

PKK dl arela,ainil<br />

•<br />

lIJ<br />

Avrupa'da sol TOrk örgOtlerln<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sa<strong>de</strong>ce "Avrupa'da Dev-<br />

Gene "Bol$evlk Partizan" ve "I$çl<br />

Gerçegl" adll örgOtler PKK'ya<br />

dolayll <strong>de</strong>stek verlyor<br />

• Boient ZARIF • B'lNN<br />

EDERAL Almanya'da ya da daha sa8I1kb<br />

F bir ifa<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Avrupa' da propaganda arac<br />

olarak kullandJjJ aynhkÇl )a:Jd~lan dllmda<br />

PKK')'! tam olarak <strong>de</strong>stekleyen herbangi<br />

bu örpl bulunmuyor.<br />

Almanya'da TÜfkiye'<strong>de</strong>n gelenler laJafmdan<br />

kurulan ve sosyal <strong>de</strong>mokrabndan komûnislit.e,<br />

IIJUlSIDdan aynhkÇlsma kadar 1ÛD1dunya gö~-<br />

Ierini içeren "lOI yelpue"<strong>de</strong>ki loplam 32 kuru-<br />

1\ijllIII yalruz iiçii PKK'nm silahh pddtl harekellerine<br />

JtIIlpal! iIe bak1yor, bir ~ka ~Ie PKK'<br />

ya "doIayb clatek" veriyorlar,<br />

Bunlar BoI~k Partizan, Avrupa'da Dev-<br />

Genç ve IlÇi Gerçegi adh kunilullar, Bunlann<br />

d~lnda AVlUpd'~a herhangi bir gucai bulunmayan,<br />

yalDlZ kijisel b8Z1eylemlerle ara sua su yü.<br />

zune ÇIkan Acilciler'io <strong>de</strong> PKK'mn d-kù:kçisi 01-<br />

duju söl'kniyor,<br />

PKK VE YAN"_$l.ARI<br />

I ~~aki sol yelp81.e<strong>de</strong> yer alan topladl<br />

32 kurulUjun 12'silu kurt Ö1g~tri oÙlflun'yor,<br />

lIUn1udan PKK mlmda kuldi propap.mlaslm<br />

yapltrdJjJ ve bu amaçla ~'Urdugu iItri S\iriilen kuruhqlar<br />

lunlar: .<br />

Huner~om (KürdistanIJ YurtSt'Ver 'ianalçliar<br />

Birtiii): Duzenkdlgi ç~itli külturel <strong>et</strong>I:inliklerle<br />

ve bu tÜf gmkre kauh~hn ile PKK'run Avru.<br />

. pa'daki propagandGsmdJ i>ncmli bir roi O)'llJYOr.<br />

Ft)'~a - Kürdlstan (Fel!~ral Almanya Kürdis.<br />

tan Yurts.:ver t!Çi Kültür Birlik1eri Fe<strong>de</strong>rnsyonu):<br />

Ylisal <strong>de</strong>mekleri çaUSI aIbnda loplayan rurulUj<br />

yasal eylem ve propaganda 01g8Ol olarak<br />

Çahl)Or.<br />

ERNK (KÜ1distan U1usal Kurtulul Cephesi):<br />

Gerek direkt olarak PKK'mn, gerekse PKI: oncu<br />

glieunun <strong>de</strong> için<strong>de</strong> yel aldl~ Kurdistan Halk<br />

Kurtulul Ordusu - ARGK'nm eylemleri konusunda<br />

düzenledigi basm toplanlilan veya Çlkardl~<br />

bildirilerle propaganda yaplYor.<br />

T'SK - DK (Kiirdistan Sosyalist Hare\:<strong>et</strong>i - DayaOl~ma<br />

KomitesQ: Almanya'da pek fazla giieu<br />

olmamaJ:la birlikle. Ç1kard)8l ya)'!n orgam He-<br />

TÎy.ce1 ile PKK'nm yamnda yer aldl~ belirtiliyor.<br />

DlêER KORT ORGOTLERI<br />

Komar (KjirdistanIJ 1!Çi DernekJeri Fe<strong>de</strong>rasyonul:<br />

Ti:rkiye Kiirdistan Sc.sya1is1 Partisi TK-<br />

SP, yani Tùrkije'<strong>de</strong> Özgürl~k Yolu diye tarunan<br />

gruba sempali duy~nlarm bir araya geldigi<br />

bir kunlluj. Örgutù~ yaJ:l~!k 30 kallar <strong>de</strong>rnegi<br />

ve 1000 tiVlflllda da aktif ~y(Si bul~nuyor.<br />

KK9K (Kür1i.1tan De~olratik Il:i Oemek-<br />

!eri Fe<strong>de</strong>ra.'yonu): Kùrdislllo Öncu ilÇi Partisi<br />

sempatizantanmn örgiitu. Pe\: fazla giieù olmayan<br />

kurululun yalnoz ,ir-iki d.:megi bulunuyor.<br />

KKDK: Yukandaki kurulUjla ayru ismi ~Iyor<br />

an"à, dunya goru.:leri ctcmilc. KÜfdistan I~<br />

Partisi - KtP'e ilgi dllyaülann bir araya gcldikleri<br />

bir örgut. J(ürdls:an Vncü ilÇl Partisi'n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

kopanlann eski Genel &kreier OlDer (.elin'in<br />

fikulerim savunanlan drslel;leyen bir \:urulu~.<br />

Rizgari: Duge . Kijmal yaytn orgam tlrafmda<br />

topl.nanla' ,:e:nen hrn.e~ hi, gucü 01-<br />

ma~lil ~lir1iln ~" i,r'_ulun ~~ 1990'('~n soora<br />

) 'ri dl~tnda kl~/ian her cen, kar~/ gruplar lç/n<strong>de</strong> bOyOk ça/kanli/era )olaç/yor.<br />

DV~'ln/enen yOroyO,'.r<strong>de</strong> c/neyelln sorum/u/afl ,Id<strong>de</strong>lle ktnenl:k.'n, c/,!,y<strong>et</strong>.<br />

lere oe' verl/mesl yo/un<strong>de</strong>kl ça~fllar. ya/mz k'~/t O;er/n<strong>de</strong> kal/ycr. FOlof/refta,<br />

l'JldOrDlen blr :.olcu lç/n yOrOyen yanda,'afl g(JrOflJyor,<br />

bir ara sesillJ vukselttiji, içe kapab, milliy<strong>et</strong>ci ve<br />

divalog yanbs. ~lmadJjJ bildiriliyor,<br />

Kud - Kom: 1980 santlSl Xomkar ÖrlÜtiin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ayn:anIann kurdt.kllotl àaha çol: sosyal ve<br />

kiiltiird çab$maJara aiuW. ~ bir iur.dtq,<br />

Kawa: Çin çiz&isin<strong>de</strong> ~ir politika benimstyen<br />

vc t1kenliii ollnayan bir örgiil olduiu söy.<br />

kniyor.<br />

Üskürt Enstitiisii: AdlDdan d.t 1DlapIacajJ gi-<br />

':li, bihmscl çahlD18 yaJlfnak lllIat •.\la olUjturu-<br />

I. n anw zaman zaman yapu~ aç.l:laroaiarla<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki insan haklan rlqmda, silOey<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

Türk ':liriml<strong>et</strong>inin aynhkÇllara k8flllUÎltigi ba-<br />

II olaylan da hnayan kurulUjUD bafkanIriuu A!-<br />

man Sosyal Del1lOkrat Parti (SPD) eski MiII<strong>et</strong>vekiti<br />

K1aIlS IlDtMr yaplYor.<br />

SDLDAKI DillER ORGOTLER<br />

Dtjardaki sol yelpazenin KürtIer d1,lIIdaI" k.:<br />

nadlOda toplarn 20 Turk örgulu bulunu10r.<br />

FiDEF (Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya Tiirt lfÇi DcmdJeri<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>rasyonu): Sovytl çizgisin<strong>de</strong> olduiu ileri<br />

suriilmesine ragmen son )'!Ilarda salt Almanya'<br />

daki sorunlara ilÎlkin ~maIanyia dil:kal çekiyor.<br />

Almanya' dili sol kanalta en pçlii killestl<br />

örgùt durumunda, Bunyesin<strong>de</strong>ki SO <strong>de</strong>mek île<br />

yakl~tk ~ bin uyeye sahip olduiu beIirtiIiyor.<br />

HDF (HalkÇ1 Devrimci Fe<strong>de</strong>rasyon)' Sosyal<br />

<strong>de</strong>wokrat çizgi<strong>de</strong> ve SHP'ye iXliunJukla- sempati<br />

duyanlarm bir araya geldikleri bildirilen bir örgi:t.<br />

Almanya Ç8pIDda 24 <strong>de</strong>meji ve 3 bioin ii.zerin<strong>de</strong><br />

aktif üyesi buhrnuyo •.<br />

ATIF (Almar,ya Tu,k IKiler Fedmsyonul:<br />

Mao'nun fikirlerioi beoimseyen, biinyesin<strong>de</strong> ço<br />

iunlukla TKP-ML sempalizanlannm yer a1dl~<br />

bir kurulu(. Anti-i~isl ve anli-èmperyalisl bir<br />

çizgisi olduiunu savunuyor. Toplaro 24 <strong>de</strong>megi<br />

\'e 1500 d01aymda aklif uyesinin bulunduiu belirtiliyor.<br />

DIDF (Turk !:>emokratik IKi Demek!.:ri fedcrasyonu):<br />

Arll3vulluk çizgisin<strong>de</strong>, buna scmpati<br />

beslcvenIcrin bir araya geldigi bir kurulUj. IS kadar<br />

<strong>de</strong>mek sahibi vc 1000 dolaY1Dda da aktiI ü~csi<br />

V"r.<br />

DiBAF IAlmanya'da Demokrasi lÇ1n Bir-<br />

Ii\: fe<strong>de</strong>rasyonu): Turkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki (Ski TIP sempltizanlannlO<br />

k"~rduiu bir örgùt old'Iiu Ita<strong>de</strong> ediliyor.<br />

Gûcü vc ùyc ~aym \:onulunda S0m~t oir<br />

wi l"0k<br />

_ ..~<br />

FC (Devrimci 11Çi): TÜfkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki ($ki Dev-<br />

Yol adh örgiit sempatizanllJlnll: bir IlJya grl.<br />

.iiii kUIUIUj. Ai:tif uye 58):51 fllk faz.!a ~eiil.<br />

GÖClDen Grubu: Devrimci .tçi'<strong>de</strong>.J aynl8ll- I<br />

lar.,' kurdukla., bir ör~, Gf1cii çolc fwa <strong>de</strong>iil.<br />

Avn.:pa'dt. ~.(lenç: THKP-C, Si DeI',SoI<br />

~patizanJltrIIIJ ;:aUS) a1U,]da IUlllayu örgut.<br />

Guemli b;r ahif uyeye sahip <strong>de</strong>iillcr.<br />

So.y'lli,. 8utik: Tùrkiye Devrimci Äomür.i.t<br />

Partisi : J.JKP 'ÇÏZ&isll.<strong>de</strong> pöninm vc DIOF wh<br />

fc<strong>de</strong>rdSYOnda& ~JCanl6I1II olUjturdugu (I,gut.<br />

Guçleri fazla <strong>de</strong>i-',<br />

TDKP - Lemrisl Kanal: !müD<strong>de</strong>n Ile an!q)-<br />

l:.caillilll, rÜfkiye kO$llllanndl Leù doktrinioi<br />

UvunaD ve DIDF içi~en kopanlann bir<br />

.Illya geldiii kurulUj. I<br />

Partizan: TKP-ML sent\'llizanIannm kurduiu l<br />

bl! örgu!. Sa)'!sa! çok önerrLÎ bir giicii o1mama- !.<br />

sma k811m. eylemleri açlslDJJP resmi raporlar.<br />

da kendisinlen ilk Slk bahs<strong>et</strong>ti:en bir kurulu~<br />

BolltVÎk Parti1an: Partizan il :~<strong>de</strong>n aynlanillln<br />

kurdukla:1 ,.gii .. Mao')'!. ~eg.$ilc yorumluyorlar.<br />

Guçle!: fula <strong>de</strong>gil.<br />

Muca<strong>de</strong>le BaY;8Ï!: Gene :>artizzn'c .. \ !r.0l.an.<br />

lann kurduklan b.r b~ka k~ru:~. Ûne 11i bir<br />

pçleri yak.<br />

Gc:rçek AlJK (Gcrv1-Avrupa Day8fUjm8 " }<br />

mitesi): rslp çizgi5ine semp;>.ti 1uya.l1ar", ;.l.•.<br />

duklan bir örgut. 'Jùcü yak.<br />

Birtik Yolu: Türkiye Eme~ i'artisi ~cOl"atl'<br />

...!:ùarlOlD bio araya gelip ~IU$r;H~~.!an lu, u-<br />

lUl, Gaiçleri yak.<br />

iKi Gerçeg;: TSiP'ten kopup, ~imJi TKI'-Il<br />

(TÜfkiye Komùnisl Partisi-Birlikl çilti,ine ilgi d'l'<br />

l'antann örgùtù. Gùçleri pek yak.<br />

Kurtulul: Tur\:iye ve Kuzey Kurai' .an KurùUj<br />

ÖrgüIU sentpatizanlannm bir aray~ geldWeri<br />

., gùt. Giiçleri yok .<br />

.\urtulUj Yùlu: Londra'daJ:j llÇir,hl Sesl'nJen<br />

kopanlar tarafmdan olu~turulan örg~l. GJi\!cri<br />

hemen iemen yak gibi.<br />

- De\'nlntÏ Kurtullj~: Kurtuluj'tan ~.)J8nl"'10<br />

kurdukldll ;'ir örgüt old~:dan behrtiliyor w<br />

THKP-C çizgisindr olddlJan iltri sÜlulùjor, Güç<br />

kf1 (lOK yak.<br />

TKP . ilçinin YSI: Lcndra'da kopuçlal,,10<br />

.e .'J~a dl~1 TKP'ye ~ar~1 olanlann ollj:.urdui.-<br />

la.l i.>rgutun sempatizanlan tarafmdan kurulan<br />

h., 'r~ut l\nc~~ flJ;I..;:n .... ""'r' h~~' .....: ~\L<br />

41


Terciinlan 10.11.87<br />

Alman Televlzyonu Kürt<br />

sorununu ekrana g<strong>et</strong>lrdl<br />

KoruGular:"PKK'dan<br />

asia korkmuvoruz"<br />

B<br />

ONN (TercOman)-Alman Üçüncü Televizyonu'nun<br />

"Ausland Journal" programlnda tertiplenen "KOrtier<br />

ve Tllrkle(ln azrnhk problemlerl" adh bir açlk oturumda.<br />

ekranll g<strong>et</strong>irilen korucular, kadln ve çocuklaflnl hunhar.<br />

Ca katle<strong>de</strong>n PKK'dan korkmadlklaflnl söylediler.<br />

Komkar Bal1kanl Abubekir Saydam ile Prof. Di<strong>et</strong>rictl<br />

Thronhard ve TV film yaplmclsi Reiner Hackenberg'in<br />

katlldlQI açlk oturumda, ekranda bir kürt düQünü göste.<br />

rildikten sonra, tartll1malara geçildi. Programln sunuciJ.<br />

SUllun bir sorusu üzerine, 12 Eylül askeri harekatrndan<br />

sonra Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya'ya 1,5 milyon kürt'ün geldiQini<br />

öne süren Komkar B8l1kanr, "Bunlonn slYOSI baskldon<br />

koçmodlklonnl" belirterek, "DOI'ludokllnsonlorin mecburl<br />

olorok bOhya gOç <strong>et</strong>m<strong>et</strong> zorundo koldlklannl" söyledi.<br />

Program yaprmCISlnln, F~.:lerallçil1leri BakanltQo'nln<br />

raporunda kürtler'in .A.lmanya'da politik bazi amaçlar gOt.<br />

tüklerinin belirti':li(jine il18r<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>mesi üzer:ne konul1an<br />

Prof. Di<strong>et</strong>rich Thronhard, kürtlerin, çel1itli l18hirler<strong>de</strong> Y3'<br />

banellar Qünlerin<strong>de</strong> tertiplèdikleri toplantllarln, Türkiye<br />

BüyükelçlliQi taralIndan, Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Dll1il1leri nezdin<strong>de</strong> 11er<br />

<strong>de</strong>fas'nda protes!o edildiQini öne sürerek, "KOrt <strong>de</strong>mak.<br />

lerl ve kOrtlor'ln Almanya'yo uyum çobalon dolrna oloy o!u.<br />

yor. Ancak. PKK, Almanyo'dokl kOrtler oroslnda ufo~ tll'<br />

grubu lfl$kll edlyo(' <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

'J.11.87<br />

• .3'0mi/itan, gäreilli ögr<strong>et</strong>:meni leaflrdl ...<br />

PKK, OKUL yAKTI<br />

TUNCELI, Mil .HA<br />

lT:UNCELI'nin ovacik ilçesine bagh Sarlt14 köyünü bas an PKK<br />

!Jmilitanlan, okulu atele verrikten sonra ögr<strong>et</strong>men Hamdl Akçan'I<br />

ya!llar.na r.li.rak kaçtllar,<br />

Önceki gece ilçe;'e bagh Santal köyün= gelen ve saYllan 30 kadar<br />

ùldugu sanllan PKK militanlan, k5jlüleri köy meyd~nmda topladllar.<br />

Crgütün pro;,agandaslnl' yapan PKK mili(anjan, daha sonra okula ben.<br />

zin d5ki;p ~le)e verdiler. Köy<strong>de</strong> bir süre kalan PKK militanlanmn, ög.<br />

rellT'"ni <strong>de</strong> yanlanna alarak köy<strong>de</strong>n uzaklalUklar! bildi~iid;. Oiivenlik<br />

ekipltri, genii çapll operasyonlara b~lad!.<br />

Üt- ;'andan öneeki giin güvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinee yakalanan 18 PKK<br />

.,empatizanmdan Ii 'inin kimlikleri ögrennui. Ilçenin Tekeli, Tanyolu,<br />

Ayranh, A;agl Yigitier ve Bahkh kö~lerin<strong>de</strong>n olan toplam Il kisin;n,<br />

iirgütün kurye görevini yapt,r.\3n -ie .:~mpaIÎ!an ol~uklan ö~enildi. Sem.<br />

patizanlann, Kuzey Irak tampen bÖlgesillôt~: PKK l'e ~ynhkç' hm,).<br />

larla Türkiye arasmda !rtibat sagladlklw bildirilril. Sempatizanlann<br />

kimlikleri söylc:<br />

RlY6d Çif!çl, Sem!<strong>et</strong>tin Uy!a1, Mustafa Yücel, Sallh Demir, 5ükrii<br />

Uy!a!, I!mall Oemlr, Namlk Bedük, Nasir Çlfiçl. Çlm,1t Töre, Tablr<br />

Ya,ar 'Ie Tahir Akb~~.<br />

Oie yanda". Isken<strong>de</strong>run' Emniycl Amirlifi eklplerir.in dÜ!enle,igi ope.<br />

rasyen sonueUl;da, PKK hefabma çahstlgl belirtilen Sebmus Akay ~dli<br />

estar kaçakçlsl, ëlü ohrak eIe geçirildi. Asker kapgl oldugu bildirilen<br />

~h:nus Akay'm bir ka,llnia birliklr<br />

saklandlgl evdc 2 adrl 14'Iij Belçi.<br />

• a ve Çek yaplsl tabanea, çok sa.<br />

Ylda mermi ve 50 ~iloya yakm esrar<br />

bulundu. Sebm~s A~ay'm Luh.<br />

nan'm 8ekaa Yad:si'n<strong>de</strong>ki kamelar.<br />

d~ egitim giirdügü, PKK hesabma<br />

uY\l;lun't:u maddc kaçakçlhgl yap.<br />

Iig) hi!dirildi.<br />

(lU arada ~!usay'>in'dc belcdivc<br />

santi'. ~\in<strong>de</strong> tas klrma isini ü~llen~r<br />

mùtrahhil Abme! Alkan, PI\K knt.<br />

kusuy;a isi blraktl.<br />

42'.<br />

~<br />

12.11.87<br />

27 PKK'cl yakalandl<br />

•<br />

[ljVARBAKIR,<br />

HClkkâr'l'(JP!d CP2' J'. '{Clniai da eie geçidlen ki~llerin<br />

IJÖlqp(i:Äld v~ Kars".:' ~". cnhk kuvv<strong>et</strong>:erinc.i. y~p:!an seri ope.<br />

I~_ J r~\\'01Iarja 27 Pi" .. !' ,lil.~:I:,sîlaluan ::~ 'lirtik1eè geçirildi.<br />

-- Er!inilen biiziye gl'Ie lfJUâri'r.in Çukurc~ 'le ~~illdinli ilte.<br />

",rin<strong>de</strong> güvenli~ ku,'\'e~~e!l"cl' b:rçlKI~t;ri:en bir d'zi o;Jerasyunda,<br />

l'KK olgiilüne yar1ir,I, \


..<br />

•<br />

14.11.87<br />

Sürvanilik<br />

• GAPVallsl olarak anllan Alpaslan Karacan,<br />

"Akçakale'<strong>de</strong> bazI kl~lIerln Araplar<br />

adlna toprak aldlQln1duyduk, yerln<strong>de</strong><br />

ara~tlrdlk. çok fazla mlktarda toprak<br />

allndl9lnl tesplt e<strong>de</strong>medll


!YARBAKIP. Kapah CezJeVi'ne ni-<br />

D haï<strong>et</strong> girebildim. BölüeüJük id~asIYla<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Güvenlik Mahkemesl'n<strong>de</strong><br />

~<br />

YaT&Uananve 10 aj.du eezaevinri~ tutuklu<br />

olan Mardie SHP mille,~e1~ adaYI Abm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk'ie uzun uzun konu~abildim.<br />

Cezaevin<strong>de</strong> Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk' le birlikte 250<br />

siyasi tutuklu dat:;, yaoyor. Bu 1O~i1erarasmda<br />

19-20 y~lannda <strong>de</strong>likanWar da var.<br />

65 y~lannda, 67 y~lannda ihtiyarla! d~.<br />

Hepsi <strong>de</strong>, bölüeüJük iddiaslyla Devl<strong>et</strong> Gu-<br />

\"enlik Mahkemesi' n<strong>de</strong> yarg1lamyor.<br />

117 KI~ILlK KOQU~<br />

Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk'ie konujmalamr.l, birlikte<br />

kaJdl~ 117 ki~ilik birinei kogujta yapum.<br />

20 m<strong>et</strong>re uzunlugundaU kogu~, 6 m<strong>et</strong>re<br />

gcui~ligin<strong>de</strong>ydi. Duvarlat boyunea <strong>de</strong>mÏJ<br />

Ianzalar sualannu~U. Ranzalar Y'IIlyana biti~tirilmi~lerJi<br />

ve ilk kez gÖrüyoruLI, hepsi<br />

<strong>de</strong> üç kathydl. Tutuklular, r;.nzal ..nn ayak<br />

uçl;1n/ldan Onnanarar ginbil;yorlardJ yataklanna.<br />

B~n, Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk'le, bu kar~lhk!J ran-<br />

I.a ,.:a1annm arasmda olujan iki m<strong>et</strong>re gelIijligin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

kori<strong>de</strong>r,Ja kon!J~abildjm.<br />

~lm:rti: r:1T:mITr\w:J.:.T:Jfl'{.'~1~ It; [~rT""1tIII<br />

Tutuklu adayla kOnu$tuk<br />

• Mardin Kapall Cezaevl''1<strong>de</strong>kl SHP liste bâSI mill<strong>et</strong>vekili ad,1YI<br />

I<br />

Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk, 1973 ve 1977 seçimlerin- rioe beD <strong>de</strong> dilekçeml razdim. Bag.mslZ<br />

<strong>de</strong> iki kez mill<strong>et</strong>vekiii s,çilmi~ti. TBMM'<strong>de</strong> aday!J.k için bBJvuruda bulundum. Buou,<br />

iki dönem t.'.ardin CHP miU<strong>et</strong>vekili olarak bir tepki ouuo diye yapOm."<br />

gorev yapoktan soora, bu y1l1 Kaslm'da "DOSTLARIMI KIRAMADIM"<br />

yap!laea~ i1an edilen seçimiere katJ!abilmek Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk, SHP'ye ikinei ke? ne<strong>de</strong>n<br />

için Si-lP'ye adayhk b~vuru.;unda bulun- ba~vurdugu sorumu ise ~öyle yanttladl:<br />

tiu. SHP'yi olu~lUrar. SODEP'in kurulu~u "Tekrar partiye bBJvurmayJ dÜlüomü-<br />

S1faslOda Mardin il ve ilçe örgütlerinin ku- yordum.ÇaliJmalanma baiJawz olm<br />

fil1u~unda <strong>et</strong>kin gii:evler a1nuj, bu partinin bBJlllllifllm ve bUDa <strong>de</strong>Vim e<strong>de</strong>cei.;lim.<br />

I,<br />

. Atlm<strong>et</strong> Turk'ie kogu~ta, mahkum dostlan ar~s~lnda sÖyle~tlk<br />

Kof1u,tU:J uilurlama B(J/OcO/OkIddlas/yla 10ayd" cezaevln<strong>de</strong> tu.<br />

tuklu alan Ahm<strong>et</strong> TUrk, konu$mamlZln sonunda blzl kogu$ kap/sma kadar<br />

ugurlayarak, "TUrk/ye'yltam anlamlyla. gerçek blr çagda~ Ulke yapmak Is.<br />

lIyorsak, slyasal gell$meler lçln gerekll özgOrlUklerl klsillayall engel/erl <strong>de</strong><br />

kaldumal/Ylz" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

daha sonra Halkçl Parti ill ~irle~mesin<strong>de</strong>n Manlio Mill<strong>et</strong>leldll Kenan Nuri NehrowgJu<br />

sonra SIiP'ye kaydolmLljtu. geldi. Beal partiye döom~ye ikDa elmeye<br />

ADm<strong>et</strong> Türk'ün SHP'ye adayhk b~vu- Ça!JJII. il bBJkillllDlZ blrkaç kfZ &radi. Gerusu,<br />

Genel Merkez tarafindan v<strong>et</strong>o ediJmi~, nel Merkez'e glttigiol ve partiye adaybgJ Içio<br />

b'.'nun üzerine Türk, Mardin ba~ms1Z mil- bBJvurdugu takdir<strong>de</strong> bir daba v<strong>et</strong>o edilel<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

aday: olmu~tu. meyecegime dilr temlnat a1D11I.Onu llÖy-<br />

Seçim tarihinin <strong>de</strong>gi~tirilip, 5HP aday- ledi. ManIio'<strong>de</strong>ki tüm Uçe bBJkauJ&rID1JZ<br />

lannlO i'>nseçinùe belirlenmesi karannd1n geldiler. Araya arkadaflarumz. doslIBnD1JZ<br />

soor: Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk, yeni<strong>de</strong>n SHP'ye aJa)' glrdiler. BeD <strong>de</strong> Dolan Iaramadua. Yeni<strong>de</strong>n<br />

adayhk b~vurusunda bulurunu~ ve önseçim bBJvuruda buluomafl kabul <strong>et</strong>lim."<br />

sonunda <strong>de</strong>legelerin tümüne yaklOlOlOoyu- SHP Mardin il örgütünün bu ilgisinin<br />

nu a1arak, Mardin'oe SHP listes.n<strong>de</strong> birin- ne <strong>de</strong>nli içten oldugunu sordum.<br />

ci aday olmu~tu. "Bea, bapDlSlZ aday olarak çahfmala-<br />

Abm<strong>et</strong> TErk'e önee adayllk b8.jvurusu- nma bqlayuJca @HP'alo MllfdiD'<strong>de</strong> bJç<br />

nun v<strong>et</strong>o ediimesi konusunda görü~ünü ~II kalmllllllll" <strong>de</strong>di Abm<strong>et</strong> Türk. "Hesordum.<br />

meo bemeu bütüo SHP Dylan beo<strong>de</strong> top-<br />

Bu konuda lunJan söyledi: lanacull."<br />

"BeD, SafID Gend B.,ua'm böyle blr Mardin'<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> boylesine sevilme ne<strong>de</strong>ni<br />

lutum ho<strong>de</strong> buJunm8.SlDl,böyle bir dnra- ni <strong>de</strong> sordum.<br />

Dlliçiné glrebilecegioi labmln <strong>et</strong>memiJtic;. "MardiJa küçük bir yerdir. Herkes bir-<br />

Doua bu tutumuou öoce<strong>de</strong>D tahmlo elsey- birial taw" <strong>de</strong>di Ahmfl Türk, "ikJ dödim,<br />

aday!J.kiçin asia bBJvuruda buluDmaz- oem milIelvekilllgi yapllm. Beni çok Iyltadim.<br />

'Onun hakklDda bw ku~kulanm var' Dlrlar. Aynca bBJka bk üé<strong>de</strong>D daba var:<br />

<strong>de</strong>mlf blSlDa. Buoa çok üzüldüm. SaYln BiDm ba1luD1JZhr zamao Il)aiduruo YI-<br />

Geoel BBJkan lÖyIe diyebilirdl: 'Su ~ada DIOda olmuftur. Benim cezaevlo<strong>de</strong> buluouygun<br />

bulmuyorum. Aday olmastn' diye- mamdan ölürü bana çok <strong>de</strong>slek vermeye<br />

biUrdi. FakatlOD gäoe kadar oouo bu' tu- bUlrdi balluD1JZ.Bu oe<strong>de</strong>ale baoa Ugl çok<br />

tcmuodao baberdar edilmemem, bBJvuru büyüdü. SHP, Mardio'<strong>de</strong> lamameo siliosiirtsipiJ<br />

I¥tim1oe iiç ,WI. k~ k,adar be- di. DeiiJ seçim kuaomak, seçim ça~~masl<br />

o.ipl ~llItumuodaaUberilP


..<br />

'1.IUtv-""', çal.~malarlft~8~~;~ba~lanmad.<br />

ni almak istediAimiz Devl<strong>et</strong> geçeceAini belirtti.<br />

Planlama Te$kilall Ara$lIr- Prof. Dr. Inal Cem A$ma<br />

Grup Ba$kan Vekili Ya- kun, "Bö1ae<strong>de</strong>kl <strong>de</strong>al,im,<br />

~ar BaAb ise, kendisine yOnel- bölae Insanln aünlük y'a,atilen<br />

sorulan yamtlamaktan mandan kültürüne kadar <strong>de</strong>.<br />

kaçlndl. al$lkllkler göstereeek. Üni-<br />

EGiriM SORUNU verslteler<strong>de</strong> y'apalan ara$tlr-<br />

Konuyla ilgili gOrO~lerini malara göre; sulu tanm y'aaldlAlmlz<br />

Prof. Dr, Inal Cern pan insanlarla kuru tanm \a-<br />

A$kun, GAP'1n tamamlan- pan Insanlar araslnda küliür<br />

dlktan sonra, GOney DoAu rarkl vardu" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Anadolu'da ekimi yapllacak Projenin tamamlanma.<br />

taTlm alanlaTlmn geni~leyece- slyla birlikte, bölgeye göçün<br />

Aini, buna baAh olarak, 0 anaca~lnl belinen Prof. Dr,<br />

bolge<strong>de</strong> ya~ayan insanlarIn, A~kun, bolgenin yerle~im<br />

kuru taTlmdan sulu tarIma alanlarIflJn da ~iJ1ldi<strong>de</strong>n plan-<br />

GAP Projesi'ne tepki<br />

I<br />

Cenalz ÇtÇEK-ESKt~EHIR • Billm adamlan, flzlkl yatlnmlann ön plan.<br />

ITI ORKlYE'ala ekono. da Oldugu proje<strong>de</strong> "Insan unsurU"nun unutuldugunu,<br />

bunun da sosyalve kültürel bü-<br />

mlk \le sOlyal yapisi.<br />

ni d<strong>et</strong>~drecek nltellktekl<br />

proje" olarak <strong>de</strong>Aerlendirilen<br />

yÜk saklncalan oldugunu belirtlyorlar<br />

GAP 'ln kapsamlnda<br />

yer aldlAI bildirilen alt yapl<br />

çalt$malanna henUz ba$lanmaml$<br />

olmasl ele$tiriiiyor.<br />

Fiziki yaunmlann Otesin<strong>de</strong><br />

projenin en.önemli OAesi<br />

"Insan unsurunun" unutul.<br />

duAu belirtiliyor. Projenin<br />

<strong>de</strong>y he<strong>de</strong>nerine paralei olarak<br />

eAitim çall$malanna ba$lamlmaYI$lnl<br />

ele$tiren Anadolu<br />

ÜniversitesiOAr<strong>et</strong>im gOrevlilerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Pror: Dr. tnal<br />

Cern A$kun, konunun son<br />

TOPLUMSAL<br />

<strong>de</strong>rece Onemli olduAunu belirtti.<br />

Aym konuda göriJ$leri<br />

lamp, düzenlenmesi gerekti-<br />

Aini vurguladl.<br />

BOlge<strong>de</strong>ki taTim alanlan-<br />

TIIn geni~lemesi, i~ ve i~ gO,ù<br />

potansiyelinin anmaSl, ekonomik,<br />

sosyal ve kOltürel ya-<br />

~aml ttimüyle <strong>de</strong>Ai~tireceAini<br />

vurgulayan Prof. Dr. A,kun,<br />

"Böllle<strong>de</strong> sermaye y'oaun tarim<br />

ml, y'oksa emek y'oaun<br />

tarim ml yapllacajll<br />

belirlenmelidir" <strong>de</strong>dI. Böykce<br />

bOlge<strong>de</strong> istihdam edilecek<br />

insan saylSl behrlenerek, proje<br />

çah~malaTirun da buna gOre<br />

yapllmasl gerekti~ine inandiAlni<br />

sOyledi.<br />

YASAM<br />

A$kun, "TOrky'e'<strong>de</strong> Açlk<br />

Öar<strong>et</strong>lm'j y lirOlen lek kurulu~<br />

olmamlz ne<strong>de</strong>niyle, pro-<br />

jêïiln özeltlkle e~iiim yönOyle<br />

i111i1i olarak Anadolu tni-<br />

'ersite~l'nia ortaya bir bakl$<br />

açlsl koy'abileeealni" belirtti.<br />

Prof. Dr. A$kun konusunun<br />

iJç ana yönU olduAunu<br />

ira<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>ti.<br />

~- GAP'la birlikle, ekononusl<br />

ve dolaYlslyla toplumsai<br />

ya,aml büy'Uk çapta <strong>de</strong>al-<br />

,eeek olan böige haikInIn,<br />

y'aygln ealtim y'oluy'la bu y'eni<br />

y'a,ama intibak <strong>et</strong>tirilme-<br />

51.<br />

III-Turkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

diAer bölgelerin,<br />

GAP bolgesiyle ekonomik,<br />

kulturel \'e genei<strong>de</strong><br />

toplumsal iji~kilerilli düzenleyebilmeleri<br />

için, Türkiye<br />

genelin<strong>de</strong>. GAP 'ta ba~layacak<br />

yeni hayatm Turkiye'ye<br />

tan1ll1masl amaclyla, ayn bir<br />

yaygll1 e!!itim prograIllllllIl<br />

hallrlanmasl,<br />

1,), GAP boillesinin yeni<br />

el


..<br />

I<br />

~<br />

19.11.87<br />

Korucuya 15 gün askeri egitim<br />

• M<strong>et</strong>e AKYOL yazlyar I<br />

IOILAÖANÜSTü Hal BöIge Valisi Hayri KozakÇloglu'yla<br />

birükte Diyarbaku'da bindigimiz<br />

helikopter, sarp kayallklardan olu~an<br />

yüksek dagJann kimi zaman tepeleri üzerin<strong>de</strong>n uçarak,<br />

kimi zaman bu dagJann çok daha yüksek tepeleri<br />

arasmdan slynlIrcasma geçerek bir buçuk saat<br />

sonra ~enoba köyüne geldi, kondu. '<br />

iki bin nüfuslu Senoba köyü, Hakkâri'nin Vlu<strong>de</strong>re<br />

ilçesine baglIdu. Türkiye'nin Güneydogu slmnndaki<br />

en uç köyler<strong>de</strong>n biridir Senoba.<br />

~enoba köyün<strong>de</strong>, 2. Jandanna Smlr Tabur KomutanhSJ<br />

bulunur.<br />

Biraz i1er<strong>de</strong>, karargâh binasmm önün<strong>de</strong> üç SICa<br />

dizilmi~ yöresel giysili bir birlik duruyordu. Yinnibir<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ba~laYlp, altml~lann üstüne kadar çlkan çe-<br />

~itli ya~lardaki 86 ki~i, tören düzenin<strong>de</strong> tuttuklan<br />

G-3 silahlanyla, sanki terti~e ham bir askeri birlik<br />

dikkati. titizligi ve disiplini için<strong>de</strong> bekliyorlard!.<br />

Vali Hayrl KozakçlOglu, Jandarma Asayi~ Komutaru<br />

Korgeneral Hulusl SaYIO'la birlikte birligin<br />

kafjlslna gelinceye kadar yürüdü ve birligin tam orlalarJ~dl\<br />

durarak.kar~lslndaki ki~i1eri gözlerivle klsa<br />

bir <strong>de</strong>n<strong>et</strong>im<strong>de</strong>n geçirdi. Sonra da, askeree selamladl<br />

onlan:<br />

"Merbaba, arkadqlsr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

86 hançere<strong>de</strong>n, bir "sagoI" çlktl.<br />

çogunun ba~]an "ken egal" <strong>de</strong>nen ve siyahbeyaz<br />

kareli yumu~ak bir kuma~an yapilml~ yöresei<br />

ballIklarla örtülü "egllimi tamamlanan<br />

komeular" i1eri uzatllml~ elleriyle yüzlerinin hizasmdan<br />

ba~layarak dimdik tuttuldan silahlanm indirdiler,<br />

saR yanlanna yere dayadllar, kas kali du-<br />

rullanm da rahatlatlliar.<br />

Vali KozakÇ1oglu çok klsa bir konulma yapll.:<br />

, "Devl<strong>et</strong> size, goeuk bedlye gön<strong>de</strong>rdl" <strong>de</strong>di ve<br />

yardlmeilannm g<strong>et</strong>irdigi içi ve yakalan kürklü gotIIlùardan<br />

birini aldl, önün<strong>de</strong>ki korucuya gilti:<br />

, "Ilk goeugu ben glydlreytm" <strong>de</strong>di ve omuz b~.<br />

lanndan tullugu bir goeugu, karllsmdaki korueunun<br />

SlCima elleriyle giydirdi.<br />

"Saym Palam, blr goeuk da slz glydlrmez ml.<br />

llnlz?"<br />

Korgeneral Hululi SaYln da bir goeuk aldl ve<br />

o da bir balka korueuya elleriyle giydirdi 0 goeugu.<br />

"Bugtin bava gtinltik gUne,Uk amma, yakmda<br />

s02uklar ba~lar ~rllk"<strong>de</strong>d.i .vali KozakÇl04lu, "Sopkluda<br />

ülÜmeyesimz dlye c1evl<strong>et</strong> buman size göndudl."<br />

Korueular, gocuk Y1~nmdan Rocuk alIp,<br />

bu kez kendi b~ianna giymeye b8fladllar.<br />

Kimine ya dar geldi, ya da koUan klsa.<br />

Vali KozakçlogJu, "Baztlan dar olabillr, berkese,<br />

kendl be<strong>de</strong>DIDe uyan bir gocuk saglayacagJz"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di. "Sümerbank'ta ne kadar vma, bepslm aIdJk.<br />

~imdl bin tane daba ISmarladJk. Yalunda on-<br />

Ian da alaeailz .. , lçlerin<strong>de</strong> 54 be<strong>de</strong>n olam da var,<br />

50 be<strong>de</strong>n olaDl da var ... 0 zam,an, berkese uygun<br />

bir goeuk bulunaeakllr."<br />

Goeuk daSJtun törenin<strong>de</strong>n *** sonra hep birlikte karargâhm<br />

egitim alii alamna gittik.<br />

'Egitim all~ alarunda, b<strong>et</strong>ondan yapurrul özel <strong>de</strong>stekler<br />

vardl. Her <strong>de</strong>stegin 2S m<strong>et</strong>re kar~lsmda ise,<br />

birer he<strong>de</strong>f yapilmlltl. He<strong>de</strong>nerinüzerlerine, ona-<br />

Ian siyah, çevreleri numarah çizgili kâSJtlar yapllllnlmllt!.<br />

"Egltlmlerlnl tamam/ayan bu korueu arkadafhir<br />

slmdi size 2österl allsl yapaeaklar" <strong>de</strong>di Korge-<br />

~~-.<br />

nerâl Hulull Sa)'ln.<br />

Korueular, atel r.<strong>de</strong>eekleri bö/üm<strong>de</strong>ki yerlere geçtiler,<br />

herbiri kendi özel stiline göre yattJlar ve atele<br />

balla;hlar., '<br />

AlI~ sonunda he<strong>de</strong>ner üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki ni~angâh kâ.<br />

iltlan toplandl, allilann <strong>de</strong>gerlendirmesi yapJldl.<br />

Korgeneral Sa)'ln, ionuçtan çok memnun oldu:<br />

, "25 melre<strong>de</strong>n lU noktalsn vurabllmeDJn aDJa-<br />

UII, 200 m<strong>et</strong>re<strong>de</strong>n bir IDsam vurabllmek <strong>de</strong>mektir"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di ve allellan kutladlktan sonra, 6O'mm üstün<strong>de</strong>.<br />

ki bir korueuyu çaSlrdl:<br />

"Osman Bsbal ... Gel bakaIJm ... VaU Bey'e ve<br />

konuklanUIIZl blr göster bakahm marlf<strong>et</strong>ini" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

2S m<strong>et</strong>re iJer<strong>de</strong>ki he<strong>de</strong>f tahtasmlß üstüne inee bir<br />

çivi çaktJlar. Çivinin tepesin<strong>de</strong>n bir sigara geçirdi-<br />

1er. Osman Babat yere yatll, ni~an aldl ... Ilk all~ta<br />

<strong>de</strong>gil amma, ikinci atllta sigaraYI ikiye böldü.<br />

Korgeneral Rulusi Saym, 60 ya~mm üstun<strong>de</strong>lei<br />

korueuyu kutlarken Osman Babat, "OImadJ,<br />

olmadJ" diye söyleniyordu kendi kendine.<br />

"Tam göbegln<strong>de</strong>n tulluramadJm" diyordu,<br />

"Kenanndan sl)'lrdl, slgaraYllklye katladJ kUllun.<br />

Göbegin<strong>de</strong>n tUllursaydlm, sigara man ml kahrdJ<br />

~Imdj ortada?"<br />

***<br />

AUI alamndan aynhrken, korueulann egitimle.<br />

ri ilin<strong>de</strong> görev yapan bir subayla konu~tum.<br />

On bel gün<strong>de</strong>. bir asker disiplini için<strong>de</strong> egitilebildiklerini<br />

söyledi korueulann.<br />

:<br />

19.11.87<br />

• Böliicüler vine okul vak~,<br />

• Ertùg~ul piniNçç/oGLU<br />

• DIVARBAKIR (MIL-HA)<br />

IOjLAÖANÜSTÜ Hal Böige<br />

Valiligi, PKK teröTÜne kar-<br />

~I müea<strong>de</strong>le<strong>de</strong> teknolojik üstüoIük<br />

sagIanmasJ için yoguo bit reorganizasyon<br />

programJ b~lalli.<br />

Bölge<strong>de</strong>ki güvenlik birimleri,<br />

FrauslZ yaplllll Puma, Amerikan<br />

yaplllll Kobra ve Panter helikopterleriyle<br />

donaulacak. Aynca, Güney<br />

Afrika' dan, antiteror tipi zuhh<br />

araçlar ahnacak.<br />

Olaganüstü Hal BöIge Valisi<br />

Hayrt KozakÇloglu, Mlillyel'e yap-<br />

1I8J aÇlklamada, ilk ~amada önümüz<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

ay, Fransa'dan kiralanan<br />

Puma helikopterlerinin <strong>de</strong>vreye girecegini<br />

biJdirdi. Puma'lann bakun<br />

ve onanmml da FranSlZ linna üstlenecek.<br />

PKK, IlKOKUlU ATE$E VERDI<br />

Bu arada Tunee!i'nin il merke-<br />

• Oogu ve GüneYdogu Anadolu'dakl gÜvenlik blrlmleri<br />

Franslz yaPlml "PjJfna", Amerlkan yaDlml "Kobra"<br />

ve "Panter' marka hellkopterterte donatllacak Güney<br />

Afrlka'dan da antlterör tipi zlrhll araçlar alrnmaSIkararla~trnldl<br />

rine bag!! Gele~ köyiinü önceki gece<br />

basan bit grup PKK militam, saat<br />

21.00 SJralannda köy iIkokulunu<br />

atqe vererek yaktJ. MilitanIann yakaIanmasi<br />

için g~ çapl1 operasyowar<br />

sürdürü!üyor.<br />

PKK MAVINI<br />

Mardin'in Derik i1çesin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

PKK militan1annca bit köy yoluna<br />

dÖlCnen maym patiadJ, 40 b~ koyun<br />

parçalanarak telef oldu. lIçeye<br />

koyun ~Iyan 23 DE 447 plakah sü-<br />

TÜeü Hwn Aylemlz yön<strong>et</strong>imin<strong>de</strong>leikamyon,<br />

PKK militan1annca yola<br />

dÖlfllen mayma çarparak parçalan.<br />

dl. InfIlak sonueu, 40 b~ koyun<br />

ölürken, kamyoD SÜTÜCÜSÜHwn<br />

Aytemlz <strong>de</strong> hafjf yaraIJ olarU kurtuldu.<br />

'<br />

IRA, OESTEKlEMlvDR<br />

Öle yandan' yasadij! Irlanda<br />

Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong> Ordusu (IRA) lerör örgütünün<br />

siyasi kolu SiIIa Fein,<br />

Türldye'cIeki PKK ç<strong>et</strong>esine biçbiT lt".<br />

kil<strong>de</strong> siJah yardum yapmadJguu, hiçbir<br />

terör örgütü ve ASALA i1e i~birligi<br />

içiD<strong>de</strong> olmadJklanm aÇlldadJ.<br />

SiD Fda'ID üst düzey y<strong>et</strong>ki\ilerio<strong>de</strong>n<br />

DIllllY Morrisoa, yapllgi<br />

açtklamada, "Biz, ll<strong>de</strong>ce mIIIly<strong>et</strong>.<br />

çi buek<strong>et</strong>leri ve ak1mIan <strong>de</strong>.teklerlz"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di. MorriJo., Bal1l1 ülke~<br />

lcrin Türldye'ye yÖndik dqtirilerme<br />

kalllmadtklaruu bildirdi ve Avrupaluan<br />

ikiyiiIlülül<strong>de</strong> suçladJ. .<br />

!<br />

20.11.87<br />

PKK marlnlna<br />

1$ehit<br />

• Celai SAYMAN • BITLis SilAH SIÖINAGI<br />

HAKKÂRi, MIL-HA Öte yandan Hakkâri'nin Çukur-<br />

IBliTLiS'te bir köy yoluna dö- ca ilçesine bagIl Üzümlü köyü y.a-<br />

~enen maYlna çarpan askeri kmlannda PKK 'ya ait bir slSJnak<br />

araçta bulunan bir er ~ehit onaya çlkanldl. SISJnakta bol mikoldu,<br />

6 güvenlik görevüsi i1e bir köy tarda mühimmat ile örgütlel dokümuhtan<br />

ise yaralandl. man eie geçirildi.<br />

Billis'e bagJl Kanalga köyü ya- KAN DAVASI MI?<br />

kmlannda dün saat 12.30 malann-, Bir süre önce DiyarbakIT'in Hada<br />

meydana gelen olayda, er Mem- ni ilçesine bagh Kennan mezraslna<br />

dub Türk lehit olurken, Kanalga yaptlan baskmda S yaklnl PKK miköyü<br />

muhtan ~aJdr Akbq, Jandar- litanlannca katledilen Kutb<strong>et</strong>tla Flma<br />

Üstegmeni Ral<strong>et</strong> Degerll, Ast, danay, PKK militanlanndan birinin<br />

subay Çavu~ Dolan Güngör, Ast- kardqi alan 22 y~mdaki RamlZlll<br />

subay Ömer Alp Be,ikçl, erler<strong>de</strong>n U1uk'u tabanca iJe vurarak aSlr ya-<br />

Ayban Pmarbap, Mebmel Çdlk ve raIadl.<br />

Mebm<strong>et</strong> O.tünçeUk Çelitli yerlerin- PKK'YA ALMAN YARDIMI<br />

<strong>de</strong>n yaralandllar. 'A\manya'da düzenlenen bir bas-<br />

Patlama iJe i1gili bir açlklama kIndan eie geçirilen PKK'nln fsaliyapan<br />

Bitlis Vaü Vekili Abdullab y<strong>et</strong>lerine ait gizli belgeler ve 700 bin<br />

Durukan, "Halnleria yaplIkian markm geri verilmesi Türkiye'<strong>de</strong><br />

yullnna kalmayaeak. Seblt er Ï1züntü ysralli. Türkiye, bu konu-<br />

Memdub Ttirk'e ABab'tan rabm<strong>et</strong>, daki üzünlülerini diplomatik kanal.<br />

yarahlara be adJ Plalar dlllyorum" lardan Alman hüküm<strong>et</strong>ine bildir<strong>de</strong>di.<br />

di.


..<br />

..<br />

21.11.87<br />

H~rri~e 21.11.87<br />

Bölücüler, ögr<strong>et</strong>menleri tehdit <strong>et</strong>meye ba,ladl ...<br />

PKI(, okuf kundakflyor<br />

• PKK m1litanlarl kundakla.cl1kJ.a.n n-<br />

kokullarm ögr<strong>et</strong>menlerini, &El?Y8la.nruzl<br />

kma S'Üre<strong>de</strong> toplaylp bu bö!geyi<br />

terk ectin. Akai hal<strong>de</strong> sonunuz kOtü<br />

olur" d.1yerek tehdit ed.1yorla.r...<br />

• .Ayr1l1kçl tel'Oristlerin Türkçe airenime<br />

~1 ~ri ey1eÏn1erIDe,<br />

li<strong>de</strong>rleri Abdiinali ÖC8lan'm t.JI1hnmy-<br />

. la bqlad1k1ar1 öjrenlldJ..<br />

AHMET<br />

YORK: 15 yda kadar<br />

hapsi isteniyordu.<br />

Hapisteki<br />

.SIIP adayt<br />

Türk serbest<br />

Diyarbalur / sm BöIücü örgüt<br />

üyesi oldugu iddiaslyla yargùanan<br />

SHP Mardin mill<strong>et</strong>vékili adayJ Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk tahliyé edildi. iki dönem<br />

kapatùan CHP'<strong>de</strong>n mill<strong>et</strong>vekili seçilerek<br />

parlamentoda görev alan Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk, Derik ilçesine baglI Ath<br />

kàylin<strong>de</strong>ki gorkemli ~tosuyla dikkaUeri<br />

üzpnne çekmi.\;ti. ~ato'da yapùan<br />

aranla sonucu böIücü nitelikte<br />

yaymlar eie geçirildigi öne sürülm~tü.Diyarbalur<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Güvenlik Mahkemesin<strong>de</strong><br />

yapIian dünkü dur~madam~en:1e<br />

i1ey<strong>et</strong>l Nusaybin'<strong>de</strong> orgüt<br />

~JeJ1iaIIl\lnmn uzerin<strong>de</strong> bulunan<br />

~ifre notunull çozüidtiiunù. Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk'ÜIJ örgutle lI~klSl olduguna lli~kin<br />

<strong>de</strong>lillere rastlanmadlk1m belirtti<br />

ve iyi halini <strong>de</strong> gozonune alarak tahliyesine<br />

karar vcrch<br />

Nac! SAPAN<br />

Haydar KORKMAZ<br />

U:-;CEI). (hha) .h nllk,1<br />

Y PKK Or~ulu. IIdl'rh.ri Ahdullah<br />

ÖClllan'lIl llllil1lall\ la<br />

kO\ dkokullarllll kundakL.<br />

rnàya. Turkt.;( ol!rt't mIl t'n~plk.<br />

111('\('. ogrl'tnwn!l'f1 d(. ll'helit<br />

<strong>et</strong> n"ll'.\ l' t>H~I~HIl<br />

(;u\"cnllk k ll\ \ l't 1er!.<br />

TKI' 1\IL l'arti7Aln iir~lIl11'<br />

nun TUIl('eh'dp l.thinlu!1n1n C'I'<br />

dt1rl.k alalma~llldan ~{;Ina hol.<br />

~e\l' l'KK mihlanhnmn ka\'.<br />

maya ha~ladu~1Tll ...aptadl 'ù:nl<br />

('.... ll,1ll .lbl1l olarak TUllt'l'IJ\ I<br />

"-'ç('n l'KK l1lilltanl.lrlnlll hali"<br />

kar~lIarma nlmallwk amaclyla,<br />

'limdihk oldurt11t' t'\ It-mll'nlll<br />

gen;ek I(,~t irlllt'dJ k h'fI n[:,rl'l1Ildl<br />

~Iilltanlarlll ko\ I.,rt, ~)(ll'rtmenkri <strong>de</strong><br />

uyaTlld.lar, Ogr<strong>et</strong>men)ere hil~1<br />

verilirken yakla~lk 20 ~iin ka.<br />

dar önce Siirt'in $.mak fIçesi'n<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

Ara Köyü'n<strong>de</strong>ki il.<br />

kokulun da kundaklandlgl. ci~r<strong>et</strong>menil'lin<br />

iS


DEVAM<br />

uzmi Ïncebir 'Tal" ~~21111<br />

Yùmaz Güney'in ustal1kl1 senaryosundan<br />

yola ÇIkarak ~erif Gör~n'in yön<strong>et</strong>tigi<br />

ve ~l1ca rollen Tank Akan, Halil Ergün,<br />

Meral Orhonsay, ~rif Sezer'in payl~tlk-<br />

Ian "Yol", 12Eylül sonrasmda bir bayram<br />

boyunca memlek<strong>et</strong> izni yapan be~ mahkumun<br />

paraleI öyküleri üzerine kurulu. 1982<br />

yilinda Gabriel Garcia Marquez'in ba~kam<br />

oldugu bir jün tarafmdan Cannes<br />

Film $enligi'n<strong>de</strong> "Altm Palmiye" ödülünü<br />

Costa Gavras'm yurdumuzda da gös-.<br />

terilen "Missin!:""(KaYlp) filmiyle parla.-<br />

~an "Yol"un kurgusu ve SCSllltldiflllesi<br />

y~mda bizzat Yllmaz Güney tarafmdan<br />

yap~ ve dünyanm birçok ülkesin<strong>de</strong><br />

gösterime girm~ti.<br />

"Yol", <strong>de</strong>stm1Sl bir anlatlmla, gün<strong>de</strong>lik<br />

gerçekleri; doganm aelmaSlZ kO$ullanyla,<br />

amanslz toplumsaJ çat~malan birarada<br />

sunma b~nsl kazanml~ en<strong>de</strong>r filmlerimiz<strong>de</strong>n<br />

biri. Filmin er<strong>de</strong>mleri ~unlar: Ustal1kl1<br />

bir kurgu, y<strong>et</strong>kin bir sinema dili, iyi<br />

bir "taklffi oyuneulugu", içe ~leyen bir<br />

mü71k ve nefis görüntüler.. Demokrasive<br />

gcçi~, AET'ye giri~ ve "çag" hcsaplan tu-<br />

L1nlar. Türk Sinemasmm YÜ7.aklolan böylesi<br />

bir filmi "Kültür BakanlJgi"ml1 özel<br />

bir gösterisiyle sunduklannda gerçck bir<br />

smav ver~ olurlar. Üst taraf1 zaten onca<br />

zamandlr üzerin<strong>de</strong> "yol" alamadl{:Jmlz<br />

makash, sansür!ü, baskll1 uzun, inee bir<br />

yo!. Ki onun da memlek<strong>et</strong>e bunea ylldlr<br />

bir hayn dokunmadt{:l ortada.<br />

,.<br />

söz 21.11.87<br />

'Kürt'ün Sesi' Amerika'da<br />

21.11.87<br />

"KÜTdistan" olarak adlandmnaya özen<br />

Sava, SOZAL I Washington gösteren Îzadi, dil birliginin, par~<br />

Amerikah profesörler Türk resmi tezini sa- dururnda olan bu azmhk için<strong>de</strong> milliy<strong>et</strong>çi .<br />

bir ruhun ortaya ÇIkmasma da katk1da bu-<br />

~~~~~ ~ifa~~Kürtler "ha- lunaca{:Jm belirtti. .<br />

6 U '1o'>U.UA .. • e~. ToplantJda son olarak kon~ Musta-<br />

Toplanbda. Amerika'mn .. Sesi.' .Radyo-. fa Hem ABD'nin 1920'<strong>de</strong>ki"Wilson Be- .<br />

SU"~ljlß~ ~!~~'~l~yq>";'yannam~" ...fie.--wihte ilk -k~ Kürtlerin .<br />

so~~<strong>de</strong>el~ '. bagunsJz bir <strong>de</strong>v1<strong>et</strong> kurmalarJ konusuna<br />

ABD mn Baltimore kentin<strong>de</strong> düzenlenen 'egilen ülke' oldugunu ifa<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>ti. Hezri, i<br />

"Kuzey ~ ana Dotu Arqtmna- "Kürtleri basklyla eritmeye ~ Türki-<br />

Ian Enstitüsfl"nun yill1k olagan loplantJ- ye, Bulgaristan'


..<br />

22.11.87<br />

a."iirliifliill _tl'IIC' Yalemlarmm VB lealaballle par.<br />

till grubunun Izlad/~1 durugmada mahleeme hey<strong>et</strong>lnln tahl/.<br />

ye karan vermesln<strong>de</strong>n sonra Ahm<strong>et</strong> TUrle 500 araballk<br />

leonvoyla Once SHP Il Bagleanll~/'na, oradan da Mardln'In Oe.<br />

rile I/çaslne ba~/1 Atll kOyUn<strong>de</strong>lelgOrleemli mal/kAnesl Karsr'i<br />

Kanco'ya glttl... .<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk'e<br />

tahliye<br />

• Mahkeme hey<strong>et</strong>l, Türk'ie IIglll kanltlann toplandlglni,<br />

ancak blr PKKbasklnlnda eie geçlrlldlgl öne sürülen<br />

esrarenglz slfreyl çözecek uzmal11nbulunamadl'<br />

glnl bellrttl. Sifre, Ankara'Ya gön<strong>de</strong>rlldl<br />

rSeyf<strong>et</strong>tin ÖZGEZER. Fadullah BUlUTTEKiN I<br />

• DIYARBAKIR" (Mil-HA) rak .ume' Tück'WI taI1.lJyesineka-<br />

KK militanJanoa yardun <strong>et</strong>- rar verdi<br />

P titi ve KürkçüIük propagan- TORK'ON ilK DURAGI SHP<br />

~ das! yapo8J iddias1y1aDiyar- PU miliWlWu1a yardun <strong>et</strong>tibakrr<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Guvenlik Mahkemesi' . ti ve KürtçüIuk propagandan yapn<strong>de</strong><br />

tutukIu olarak yargJlanan SHP ug. gerekçesiyle yargllandltJ Devl<strong>et</strong><br />

Mardin MLll<strong>et</strong>vekili adaYI Abm<strong>et</strong> Guven1ik Mahkernesi'nce tahliye<br />

lück tahliye edildi. edilen Abm<strong>et</strong> Tück, œzaevin<strong>de</strong>n Ç1-<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Tück'un dünkü duruj- kar Çlkmaz, 500 araçlJk konvoyla<br />

rnasma yakln1an ve çok saYlda Diyarbakir SHP il binasma geldi.<br />

SHP'IJ mahkemeyi doldurdu. Mah- Burada da kalabaIJk bir pani topkerne<br />

hey<strong>et</strong>i, Abm<strong>et</strong> Tück ile ilgili lulugu tarafmdan k~lIanan Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

karutlann IOplandtguu,ancak evin<strong>de</strong> Tück, SHP Diyarbalur milI<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

ele geçirilen jifreyi Mardin'<strong>de</strong> çöze- adaylanyla bir sure gö~ü. Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

cek blr uzrnamn bulunrnadig.mn, Türk, yapug. kIsa konujrnada, <strong>de</strong>emniy<strong>et</strong><br />

müdtirtugüoùn yanlanndan mokrasi mücad<strong>de</strong>si verdiklerini bean1~Lldl~m<br />

belirtti. TUck'un aV1)- lirterek, "Bizim IUYI, ekmeie Ihkallan<br />

MusWa Ozer, F<strong>et</strong>hi Gümü, ÜYICIIDIZyok. Demokruiye, <strong>de</strong>.<br />

ve Hamit Karakoç, müvekkillerinin, mokrttik hakim IbtiYICIIDIZvar"<br />

<strong>de</strong> geçirilên jifreyle bir ilgisi olma- <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

ditJru soylediler. A\'U.aùar, tutuk- Ahm<strong>et</strong> Tück, daha sonra 500<br />

luluk suresmll <strong>de</strong> gOlOnune alma- araçhk konvoyla Mardin'in Derik<br />

r3k Tuck'un tahhyesllli istediler. ilçesine bagh Alli köyiin<strong>de</strong>ki gör-<br />

DGM SavelSI da, çozüJerneyen kemli ~tosu Kasr'l Kanco'ya gitti.<br />

jifrenm Emruy<strong>et</strong> Gene! MüdÏlrlügu' Tück ve beraberin<strong>de</strong>kiler Mardin,<br />

ne gön<strong>de</strong>rilerek çozu!mesini vè sa- KLZIltepeve Derik ilçe!erin<strong>de</strong> göv<strong>de</strong><br />

na: Tiirk'ùn tahJJyewj lstedi. Mah- gasterisi yapuktan sonra "Kasr-I<br />

kerne heveu, saVCIOJnIsteijne uya- KIDeo"ya ulajular.<br />

21.11.87<br />

"Kendilerini fa$lzme sattllar"<br />

PKK:-Kutlu ve<br />

Sargln hain~<br />

•<br />

Terör Orgütü PKK,Haydar Kutlu ve Nlhat Sargln'In<br />

gOzaltlna allnmalannl "gOstermelik"<br />

olarak nlteledl ve "Kendllerine karsl müca<strong>de</strong>le<br />

faslzme \carsi savas anlamlna gellr" <strong>de</strong>di<br />

~ • BOlent ZARIF • BONN<br />

IpIKK, bu bafta .da yasaI parti çalijmalanru b~lalmak amaCl<br />

Ue Türkiye'ye döuen TBKP Genel Sekr<strong>et</strong>eri Hlydlr Kullu<br />

iIe NIUt Sq.'1 "YiIkiJe'<strong>de</strong>Id drvriDKi barekeÜD blialeri"<br />

olarak nitelendirerek, "Fa¥zme YC bunl bizme' e<strong>de</strong>Dlere kI'll mü.<br />

ca<strong>de</strong>lealz lireœktlr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

KDda ve Sarpa'm döu~ senaryolannm çok uzun bir suredir<br />

kapah kapllar ardmda hmrlandJgJm ve ~u andaki lUluklanmalannID<br />

da yalmz &östermelik oldugunu ileri süren PKK, "YIIllrdlt kendileriDi<br />

Tirkiye'ddd .. ica<strong>de</strong>itaiD öacüsü ollrak &ös'erenler, ,imdi<br />

fa¥zmia IlfUDuculanDl kucakhyorllr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Genel sekr<strong>et</strong>erleri rejimin hizm<strong>et</strong>kârlan olarak gösteren PKK, TKP<br />

ve TiP'in kendilerinin Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> verdikleri kurtulu~ sava~ml karalaya<br />

karalaya rejimin geri dönü~ için kaplYI açmaslm sagladlg.m<br />

i1eri sürerek täyle <strong>de</strong>di: "BuDllr keudileriDi fqizme Il'ml,llnhr.<br />

Yärkiye' drki drnimd bmkele Ibue. <strong>et</strong>mqlenlir. KeDdileriue kl'll<br />

!Düel<strong>de</strong>le e.mek, IYDIZUluda fqizme kllli slvqmlk IDllmml<br />

ceHr. Bu b1zmelkirbk yalm Kutlu YC SIIlID'11 kllmlYlnk, YIU'<br />

tiqlln dl psalÜre IOBra kOBsoIoslukllrdl Ceri dÖDmek içiD UZUD<br />

kuyruklar olulturacaklrir. Bu De<strong>de</strong>DI<strong>et</strong>im Deriei cüçleri, Tücki.<br />

ye'<strong>de</strong>ki <strong>de</strong>vrimci blrek<strong>et</strong>e &öICCdü~ireD ve IhlDel e<strong>de</strong>uleri lekeie.<br />

••eye çlimyoruz."<br />

21.11.87<br />

37 PKK'II yakalandl<br />

InllYARBAKIR<br />

kent merkezin<strong>de</strong> komlte kurma çaltgmasl<br />

için<strong>de</strong> oldukla(/ belirtllen vePKK'ya y~rdl"! ve yatakllk<br />

<strong>et</strong>tikleri saptanan 37 kl$l, guvenltk guçlerlnln operasyonu<br />

sonucu'yakalandl. Yakalanan/a(/n ba(/nd/klan yer/er.<br />

<strong>de</strong> 4 ad<strong>et</strong> uzun namlulu si/ah, bir tabanca, hazlflanmlg pat.<br />

laY/CI mad<strong>de</strong>ler ve bol mlk/arda merm/ eie geçiri/di. Yakala.<br />

nanla(/n, b(jlge<strong>de</strong>kl birçok baskin. (jldOrme ve ya~a/~ma.ey.<br />

lemlerine ka/lldlklarl açlklandl. Ote yandan, Mardin In C,zre<br />

i/çesln<strong>de</strong> klsa sare once giJven//k goçleriylegirdikleri si/a"',<br />

çawmada olu o/arak eie geçiri/en 7 PKK m/lltanlnln, çe$''''<br />

eyle~/er<strong>de</strong> 100'0 a$kln kl$/nin (jldOrOlmesin<strong>de</strong>n sorum1u 01-<br />

dukla(/ bi,di(/Idi. (DIYARBAKIR MIL.HA)<br />

49


TerciilnDn<br />

Sotya Radyosu<br />

iyice çarplttl<br />

"Irklann çogunu<br />

Türkler kalleUi"<br />

SaYl1 NARMANLlOGI.U<br />

ERZURUM, (Tl.'rcüman).<br />

Türkler aleyhine yapllan her<br />

lürlü iftira kampanyalanna<br />

çanak açan, Türkler'i her fir.<br />

salla renci<strong>de</strong> elmek için elin.<br />

<strong>de</strong>n gelen çabaYI gösleren<br />

Sofya Radyosu, bu <strong>de</strong>fa da<br />

u)'durma senar)'olarla TOrk.<br />

ler'i "barbar" olarak tanlta.<br />

rak, dünya üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki uklann<br />

çogunun, TOrkler tara fmdan<br />

öldOrüldU~OnU çirkin bir<br />

$ekil<strong>de</strong> iddia edi)'or.<br />

Sofya'da açllan bir resim<br />

sergisi ill.' ilgili TOrkçe )'aym<br />

)'apan rad)'o, SOOyll bo)'un-<br />

Tercü.man 28. 11 .87<br />

HP kökenli<br />

Elgin'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

23.11.87<br />

ca Osmanh Imparalorlu~u<br />

topraklarmda )'a$a)'an Slav,<br />

Yunan, Ermeni, ,Asap, Amavut,<br />

Acem, Kürt, Ççrkez, Romen<br />

ve Laz'lann, TOrkler tarafmdan<br />

soykmma tâbi lutuldugunu<br />

iddia elli.<br />

Bulgarlar arasmda 10 mil-<br />

)'on MüslOman bulundugunu,<br />

bu Müslümanlar'in da<br />

"Uulgarlar'lß ahbabl" oldugunu,<br />

1913 )'Ihnda onbinlcrce<br />

Bulgar'ln Türkler tarafmdan<br />

katledildi~ini utanmadan<br />

sö)'le)'en rad)'o, Ermeniler'e<br />

<strong>de</strong> u$akhk yaparak, lam bir<br />

Ermcni agzlyla Türklcr'in<br />

Ermeniler'i öldOrdU~UnU<br />

slIylemeklen çckinmedi.<br />

TUrk lopraklan 07.crin<strong>de</strong><br />

)'a$a~'an insanlan birbirlerinc<br />

dü~man ctrnek için, TUrk<br />

dü~manlanlla borazanhk ya.<br />

pan radyo, son plarak Turk.<br />

ler'i harbar olarak da lanll.<br />

II.<br />

DYP'1i<br />

vaad:<br />

"TV'<strong>de</strong><br />

Kürlçe yaYln!"<br />

.Mecïïs'e glrerse<br />

.,.JOiyarbaklr kontenjan adaYI, Meclis'e girince ar ..<br />

kada:;;lanyla birlikte önerge vererek "TV'<strong>de</strong> Kürtçe<br />

yaytn" saglayacaklartnl söyledi, "$erefim<br />

üzerine söz veriyorum" <strong>de</strong>di<br />

ERGANt- DYP Diyarba- paganda yapacak. ögr<strong>et</strong>ilmekir<br />

kontenjan ada)'1 HP kö- digi için bihnedigi Türkçe yekenli<br />

Ali thsan Elgin, "Kürt- rine bildigi Kürtçe'yi konu$çe<br />

konu$manan bir suç olma- tu diye <strong>de</strong> insanlan suçlayayacaglßl"<br />

belirterek, "Mec- cak. Olmaz böyle $CY.Bugün<br />

lis'e girince Kürtçe haberlerin TV'<strong>de</strong> görüyorsunuz, lngiliz<strong>de</strong><br />

TRT'<strong>de</strong> yayanlanmasl için ce haberler var. Ben bölücüarkada$larl<br />

ill.' birlikte öner- lük yapmlyorum. Bu yörenin<br />

ge verecegini" söyledi. yÜz<strong>de</strong> 80'i Türkçe bilmiyor.<br />

DYP'li Ali lhsan Elgin, Er- Size $erefim üzerine söz verigani'<strong>de</strong><br />

yapll~1 konu$mada, yorum, arkadll$lanmla Kürtkendisinin<br />

"soleu" VI.'"sos- çe haberlerin TRT'<strong>de</strong> okunyal<br />

<strong>de</strong>mokrat" oldu~unu be- masl için önerge verecegim.<br />

lirterek. Özal'l VI.' SHP'vi Kürtçe sözünü söyleyen<br />

e1C$tirdi. "Manken ~i, disko. Thrgut AtalaY'1 SHP ihraç <strong>et</strong>tekçi<br />

oglu, 7 kocah Hür- ti. Demek ki, SHP bu dâvâmüz'ü<br />

andlran k1Zl, davuleu ya sahip çlkmlyor. Bu ülke<strong>de</strong><br />

damadma ml 0)' vereceksi- Ingilizce konu$mak ne kadar<br />

niz?" diyen Ali Ihsan Elgin, haksa, Kürtçe konu$mak da<br />

daha sonra ~unlan söyledi: en azandan 0 kadar haktlr.<br />

Kürtçe konU$manm bir suç<br />

• 'Türkiye Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong>i oldugunu kabul <strong>et</strong>mlyoruz ve<br />

Ba$bakanr olan Özal, kendi- bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle taklbe ugraml$<br />

sini yönlendiren efendisi vatandll$lanmlzl da özgürlü-<br />

Amerika'nm dili lngilizce ill.' ge kavu$turmak için sIze buutanmadan<br />

televizyonda pro- rada söz veriyoruz." (UBA)<br />

Tercüman<br />

Tercfunan<br />

23.11.87<br />

PalnlC v~ l 'KK cinay<strong>et</strong>lerini<br />

~y(flnlatanlara ödül verilecek<br />

ihbarClya bÜYÜk ödül<br />

1\'I.)",,.i /lClkClI/I Sc'!pll.. "JI" kl~' l'Ar, )'CI U~I" darhe il/dir('('e~iz" <strong>de</strong>di<br />

Hüsamellin KARANf"tL tarafmdan bUtOn Olkelerrn zinc8n. GUmU$hane VI.'Art-<br />

DIYARBAKIR, (Tercü- )'anlma Interpol araclhAlyla vin iIIeri valilerinin kal1ldlAI<br />

man)-lçi~leri Bakam Ahm<strong>et</strong> TOrki)'e')'e <strong>de</strong> gön<strong>de</strong>rilen te. toplanl1mn, iunacmm seçim.<br />

Selçuk, Isveç Ba$bakam Olof leks notunda, Olof Palme'nin ler<strong>de</strong> almacak tedbirlerle i1gili<br />

l'alml."nin katilini ihbar e<strong>de</strong>- katilini bulana 8 milyar lira oldugunu belirten Bakan Sel.<br />

ne, kcndilerinin <strong>de</strong> ödOI vere- ödOI veriieceAini hallrlatan çuk, "Seçlmler<strong>de</strong> bölgenin<br />

cellini belirtcrek, bölge<strong>de</strong> Ahm<strong>et</strong> Selçuk. "Palme'nln özelliklerlne göre her türlü<br />

kanh terör eylemleri sUrdüren katllinl Ihbar e<strong>de</strong>ne biz <strong>de</strong> tedblr ahnml$tlr, En küçük<br />

PKK militanlauOI ihbar ödül vermeyl taahhUt edi. blr aksakllk sözkonusu <strong>de</strong>gile<strong>de</strong>nlere<br />

<strong>de</strong> "dayah-dö$eli" yoruz" $eklin<strong>de</strong> konu$tu. dir. Yapllacak seçlmlerle IIgl11<br />

kat vcrileceäini sö)'ledi. IHBARCIYA DAYALI. olarak vallier her türlü tedblri<br />

Di)'",rbaklr'da incelemele- DO'.L~ KAT alacaklardlr" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

rini sUrdUren Jçi$leri Bakam Ö Beraberin<strong>de</strong> Emniy<strong>et</strong> Ge-<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Selçuk lèrcUman mu- te yandan, PKK l.'$klya- nI.'l MUdUrU Saff<strong>et</strong> Arlkan<br />

habirinin sorulanm cevaplan- lanm ihbar e<strong>de</strong>nlere dayah- ~Uk. Jandarma GenI.'l Kodlrdl.<br />

Bölge<strong>de</strong> çevik kuvv<strong>et</strong> ve dÖ$eli kat armagan edileceaï- mutanhl1 Kurmay Yarba$kavurucu<br />

tim sa)'ISlmn arunla- ni ifa<strong>de</strong> l'<strong>de</strong>n Ahmel Selçuk, 01 ThAseneral Ç<strong>et</strong>ln Haspl.<br />

ca~ml kay<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>n Bakan SeI- korucu sa)'15101O arttnlarak, ,Iren'Ie bölse valiler toplandaha<br />

iyi imkânlar saälanaca- t ka I Ah<br />

çuk, $unlan sö)'ledi: AlOI bildirdi. ISlOa tl an m<strong>et</strong> Selçuk,<br />

"PKK panik içln<strong>de</strong>. Çün- 2 TKP'linln serbest blrakllkii<br />

PKK'nm ASALA ill.' 1$_ masl konusundaki bir soruya<br />

birlijtl lçin<strong>de</strong> oldullunu "ok "KUTLU WE SARGIN'IN $ö)'le cevap verdi:<br />

tI , SERBEST BIRAKILMASI "SaIlI Id h<br />

i~'iblli)'oruz. Bu kl$ PKK'ya' SOZKONUSU DEOIL" Ii I sri er gün konto<br />

çok a~tr darbe vuracaglz. q. roi edlllyor, Su anda saghkklyaya<br />

kaf$1 kullanaca~lmlz Diyarbaklr'dan sonra Er- larlDda herhangl blr duruili<br />

mhh helikopterlcr VI.'yeni si- zurum'a gelerek böige valiler yoktur, Serbest blrakllmala.<br />

loplantlsma b~kanhk l'<strong>de</strong>n ri dÜ$ünülmüyor."<br />

Iiill~ar yakmda bölgeye gön- lçi$lcri Bakam Ahm<strong>et</strong> Sel. Bakan Selçuk, Erzurum!<br />

dcnlccck. Bölge<strong>de</strong> haien bin çuk, gözaltanda bulunan 2 daki toplanudan soora heli-<br />

~~~...vurucu lim l:iirev yapl- TKP'linin "Serbest blrakll- kopterle Kars'a harek<strong>et</strong> elli.<br />

maslßlß dÜ$ünülmedijtini" ~Içuk, geceyi Kars'ta geçir-<br />

PALME'NIN KATILINE sö)'ledi. dlkten sonra bugUn Ankara!<br />

ÖDOL Erzurum, Kars, A~n, Er. )'a dönecek.<br />

Bu arada. isveç hükùm<strong>et</strong>i<br />

2G.11.87<br />

PKI',I iran mlkiraladl?<br />

Sltkl<br />

uwç<br />

BRÜKSEL, (Tercüman).<br />

Jsveç hükûm<strong>et</strong>inin, Olof Palme<br />

cinay<strong>et</strong>ini aydlDlatacak<br />

olanlara verilmek üzere ayJrdlgl<br />

prim !!Iiktanm SO mi.lyon<br />

Isveç Kronu'na (7 mll-<br />

)'ar lira) yUkseltmesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sonra Avrupa baslDrnda sözkonusu<br />

cina)'<strong>et</strong> VI.'lsveç polisinin<br />

beceriksizligi ill.' ilgili<br />

yorumlar <strong>de</strong>vam ediyor. Geçen<br />

cuma VI.'pazartesi günleri,<br />

"International Herald<br />

Tribüne" gu<strong>et</strong>esine Hân VI.'-<br />

rerek bir <strong>de</strong>fa daha Isveçli-<br />

1er'<strong>de</strong>n VI.'tüm Avrupahlar!<br />

dan )'ardlm isteyen Ulke po-<br />

Iisi $idd<strong>et</strong>li ele$tirHere he<strong>de</strong>f<br />

olurken baslDda, 28 ~ubat<br />

1986'da, Stockholm'<strong>de</strong> lsveç<br />

Ba$bakam Olof Palme'yi öl.<br />

.,. dUrUnlerin kimlikleri hak-<br />

.; ...<br />

, ri laraflDdan görevlep.dirilen<br />

IRAN PARMAOI MI?<br />

Palme, iki ülkeye çe$itli zi)'ar<strong>et</strong>lere<br />

bulunmu~ VI.'olumlu<br />

Avrupa baslnlDrn son zamanlarda<br />

üzerin<strong>de</strong> durdugu sonuçlar eI<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>me)'e ba$laml$lI.<br />

Palme, Tahran'a gi<strong>de</strong>-<br />

VI.'savundu~u fikirler<strong>de</strong>n birin<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Palme'nin Iranhlar ce~i larihten bir hafta önce<br />

taraflOdan öldUrUldU~ü, öldürülmü$lü.<br />

tran'ID bu amaçla PKK ill.'i$birligi<br />

yapl1~l Heri sUrOIUyor.<br />

t'l'di. 'mn Isveç'<strong>de</strong> güçlü vi:<br />

'Iran'a silâh sal1$1D1VI.'Isfa.<br />

han'da kurulacak bir kimyevî<br />

silâhlanml$ bir örgüt oldullunu<br />

hallrlatan gaz<strong>et</strong>eler lran~<br />

mad<strong>de</strong> fabrikasl projesini engelleyen<br />

Olof Palme'nin ölümün<strong>de</strong>n<br />

önce tedbirler aldl-<br />

ln bu imkâm kullanmaslna<br />

!Tluhtemel gözüyle bakarlarken,<br />

"tsveç'<strong>de</strong> terör isteyen<br />

gl, Isveç'<strong>de</strong>n silâh ihracatl<br />

kim olursa olsun PKK'YI<br />

konusunda kanun <strong>de</strong>äi$ikligi<br />

yapltrdl~ bilini)'or. Palme<br />

kullanabilir. Eger Palme'yi<br />

yok <strong>et</strong> me karan KGB'<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

1985-'<strong>de</strong> Malmo Iimamnda<br />

veys ClA'dan da çlkml$ olss,<br />

lran'a gi<strong>de</strong>cek bir gemi do lusu<br />

sHâha da el koymu$tu.<br />

bu cinay<strong>et</strong>i PKK'nm gerçek-<br />

I~lirmesl tabiidir" di)'orlar.<br />

Avrupa baslnlnda, PKK örgUtU<br />

için slk slk "klrahk<br />

Iran-Irak sav8$l\lda arabuluculuk<br />

yapmak için Birle~.<br />

katlller" sözU kullamhyor.<br />

mi$ MilI<strong>et</strong>ier GenI.'l Sekr<strong>et</strong>e-<br />

..<br />

..


..<br />

Hürriy<strong>et</strong><br />

~<br />

• Guneydogu'dakl hassas<br />

tesisle., daglnlk he<strong>de</strong>fler<br />

slkl korumaya ahnd!. Bö-<br />

!ücu çelenin $a~lIrlmataktlklenne<br />

kar$1 önlemler<br />

genl$ boyutlu eie ahndi..<br />

ihsan DÖRTKARDE$<br />

~lY,\ RBAKIR. (hha) -<br />

UHolueu PKK orii:utünull<br />

kurulu~ ~'Ilclrinumu rinœsi. Güne,'dogu'cla<br />

slkmuh ii:ünler<br />

m>Ï


DEVAN<br />

1-7.11.87<br />

bir "asker", acemilerin egitimini anlat:yor.<br />

Belki çavu~ ya da onba~1 gibi<br />

bir slfatl yok ama kamp için<strong>de</strong>ki i~levi<br />

sonuçta 0 kaplya çlklyor. Zaten<br />

egitim disipHni, dünyamn herhangi<br />

bir ordusundan çok da farkh <strong>de</strong>giI.<br />

Onbe~-yirmi, bilemediniz otuz ki$ilik<br />

<strong>de</strong>vrelerin h:l~'ncl~ !romutanlar var.<br />

komutan yardlmC1lan var. TSK kampmda<br />

egitim stratejilerini komutan<br />

Serdar belirliyor, uygulamayJ yardun-<br />

CISISipan yaptmyor.<br />

Teorik eAitim, haliyle TQrkiye'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

b3$hyor, kamp sllresince <strong>de</strong>vam ediyor:<br />

DenIer, tartI$DUllar, geee sobb<strong>et</strong>leri...<br />

Arazi .eAitimi srrasmda at1lan<br />

sloganlar, ezoerlenen mar$lar da gerillahkla<br />

teori arasmdaki kOpril oluyor.<br />

EAitim saatleriyle uyku saatlerinin<br />

toplamJ elb<strong>et</strong>te ki yirmidOrdll bulmuyor.<br />

Peki, artan vakitler<strong>de</strong> ne yapdlyor?<br />

Sohb<strong>et</strong> ediliyor, yemek yeniyor,<br />

müzik dinleniyor, top oynamyor ...<br />

Lübnan'daki Kürt kamplarmm tek<br />

konu~ma dill Kürtçe. EAitim<strong>de</strong>kilerin<br />

<strong>de</strong> komutanlarm da çogu Türkçe biliyor,<br />

ama kendi aralannda tavizsiz<br />

Kürtçe konu$uyorlar. tki kamp sakini,<br />

Kürtçe bilmeyen üçUncll bir k~iyle<br />

sohb<strong>et</strong> e<strong>de</strong>rken bile, birbirlerine Kürt~<br />

çe hitap edip ayro cümleyi misafrr için<br />

Türkçeye tercüme ediyorlar.<br />

Yemekler "partizall sofrasl"nda ye-'<br />

niyor.' Beslenme açlsmdan, toplanma<br />

kamplan çok daha eIveri$li. Meyve,<br />

sebze, ye~iI1ik )cti$tirilchiIiyor; hattâ<br />

TSK'run toplanma kampmda yen en<br />

domatesli, marulIu, taze naneH, narh,<br />

bol Hmonlu salatanm tadl kolay<br />

kola y unutulamlYor. Zaman zaman,<br />

egitim kamplan arasmda yemege misafir<br />

çallflldl~1 bile oluyor. Bölge<strong>de</strong>,<br />

Filistin kamplarmda pi$irilen yemeklerin<br />

özel bir $öhr<strong>et</strong>i var.<br />

Kamplardaki hayat kadmslz. 17-18<br />

ya$mdaki insanlann kaldlgl bannaklarda<br />

duvarlan sloganlar, afi$ler süs-<br />

Illyor; sevgiIi resmi yok. Filistin<br />

kamplannda, hatta bazi Tllrkiyeli<br />

kamplannda zaman zaman kadm gerilla<br />

adaylannm da egitim gördügü<br />

söylcniyor, ama Bekaa'daki kamplar<br />

~u anda kadm a~lrlamIYor. 13-14 ya-<br />

$mdaki gerilla adaylan hayatm öteki<br />

yanslyla hiç kar$da$mayacak ml?<br />

Kimbilir ...<br />

Peki ya dinlenme, egIenme? Kamplardaki<br />

her eAitim <strong>de</strong>vresi bir mezuniy<strong>et</strong><br />

töreni ve eglenceyle sona eriyor.<br />

Normal zamanlardaki en yaygm eglence-vakit<br />

geçirme biçimi müzik dinlernek.<br />

En küçük sIgmaklarda, birkaç<br />

yatakh barmaklarda bile, Lübnan'm<br />

gümrüksüz-vergisiz pazarlanndan<br />

almml$ bir radyo-teyp göze ÇarplYOr.<br />

h müzik dinlemeye gelince, Kürtçe'-<br />

nin hakimiy<strong>et</strong>i biraz kmhyor; Kürt.<br />

çe türkülerin yanmda Türkçl' t, irk ii<br />

kas<strong>et</strong>leri <strong>de</strong> yer ahyor. Peki ba~ka bir<br />

eglenee yok mu? t~te bir TKP(B)-<br />

YKK gerillasmm, laf arasmdaki iki<br />

TKP(8) Genel Sekr<strong>et</strong>eri ibrahim Seven<br />

"i$kenc.~cileresaldlracaglz"<br />

y asad~l Komünist Partisi (Birlik), YKK'y! kurdu. Seven bu konuda<br />

1977y!lulda, Ibrahim Seven'in ge. ~unlan söylüyor: "PKK'run silahlt<br />

nel sekr<strong>et</strong>er olmaslyla birlikte adl' eylernleri ba~lamadan Once, aldl~l'<br />

m duyurmaya b~ladJ. tbrahim Se- nuz warla, bu bölge<strong>de</strong> silahh mü.<br />

ven, '60'h yillarin sonundaki Sos. ca<strong>de</strong>lenin m~ru oldu~unu Kabule[.<br />

yalist Fikir KulübO B~kanhtl ve tik." Ancak Seven, çocuk ve kadm.<br />

'70'H yJllarda TSIP için<strong>de</strong>ki faali- larm öldürülmesini asia kabul <strong>et</strong>.<br />

y<strong>et</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong>n dolay! ald~ ~ yillik medildcrini alum çizerek belirtiyor:<br />

mahldlmiy<strong>et</strong>in ard.Jndan,TKP(B)' - "Bu çocuk ve kadmlann, kimin çonin<br />

kuruculan arasmda yeraldl. • cu~u veya kadml olmasl bile öldü.<br />

Kendi <strong>de</strong>yi~iyle, 1970'<strong>de</strong>n beri "i~- rOlmeleri için y<strong>et</strong>erli aÇlldama ola.<br />

çi slOlfmmöndcrlijin<strong>de</strong> hem sHah- maz." Korucular konusunda ise Se.<br />

h, hem ban.ssaImüca<strong>de</strong>le yürütecek ven, bu ki~Uerin <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> tarafmdan<br />

bir parti" için çahPD1~t1.<br />

sHahlandJrùJnJ~oldu~una dikkat çe-<br />

TKP(B), 1987'yi eylcm'YÙIola- kerck, "siviI" olarak nitelenemeyerak<br />

i1an<strong>et</strong>mesine kaqm, sesi.ni po- cel<strong>de</strong>rini savunuyor. KOykoruculalis<br />

o~yon1anna be<strong>de</strong>f olmak dl- TI için "milis" <strong>de</strong>yimini kullanan<br />

~mda çok fazla duyuramadJ. Son tbrahirn Seven. korueulan "parait<br />

olarak da geçti~' günler<strong>de</strong>, Çu- lejyonerlere" benzelerek. ,. Aralakurova<br />

bölgesin<strong>de</strong>ki bir operasyo- rmdan, 'biz TOrk'üz, Türklük için<br />

na kanu oldu. TKP(B)'nin "Kür- dövü~Uyoruz' diyen tek bir ki~içlkdistan<br />

kolu" YKKayn parti olarak maz. Humeyni dalla fazla para verörgütlendi<br />

ve bölge<strong>de</strong> eylem ham. se, Humeyni için dövü~lirler" dl'<br />

h~1için<strong>de</strong> olduldan 'da hemen ar- yor. Yalmz PKK'run <strong>de</strong>~1 kendile.<br />

dmdan Uan edildi. rinin <strong>de</strong> bu "milis"lerle müca<strong>de</strong>le<br />

YeniGün<strong>de</strong>m'in F.Almanya mu- <strong>et</strong>tiklerini açlkhyor.<br />

habiri Melin Dalman, Bonn'da, TKP(B)'nin yalmz Glineydo~u<br />

TKP(B) Genel Sekr<strong>et</strong>eri Ibrahim Anadolu için <strong>de</strong>gil, Türkiye'nin di.<br />

Seven'Ie geni~ bir görü~me yapu. ger bölgeleri için <strong>de</strong> eylem planlan<br />

Cevaplanru öz<strong>et</strong>leyerek aktarabildi- var. Seven. Tlirkiye'<strong>de</strong> yeni bu du.<br />

~mlÎzbu görü~meninkonumuzla il. zenin ~idd<strong>et</strong>edayah bir müca<strong>de</strong>le île<br />

gili sorulanm cevaplarken, Seven, kurulaca~ma inandlklanm belirtl'<br />

1987YlhndaTürkiye'<strong>de</strong> bir dizi ey. yor. Ordu ve polis için<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> örgut.<br />

lem yapacaklarml açlkhyordu. lendiklerini ileri sliren Seven, ilk he.<br />

TKP(B), PKK'yJ <strong>de</strong>stekleyen az <strong>de</strong>r olarak onlcrine, "i~kencCC!lcrc<br />

sa}lda örgüllen biri. Ancak P":":'. ve i~kence merkezlerine saldlrm".<br />

mn eylemböigeierin<strong>de</strong> baglmw bir YI" koyduklannl, on.:c1iklc(k D:\l<br />

.silahh muca<strong>de</strong>le yùrlitmek için <strong>de</strong> pubunu he<strong>de</strong>l aldlklannl a';lkh\',,',<br />

52<br />

Bunlan sëylemekle y<strong>et</strong>inmeyerek,<br />

sözunu <strong>et</strong>tigi eylemleri 1987 için<strong>de</strong><br />

gerçekle~tireceklerini, hattâ bu eylemlere<br />

katùanlarla basm mensup.<br />

lanum yundl~Jnda görü~me yapma.<br />

;Il11 saglayacaklanm iIeri sUrüyor.<br />

:J<br />

cümlesi: "Partizan Yolu mu? Onlann<br />

kamplan buraya yakm. Geçen<strong>de</strong><br />

onlann da <strong>de</strong>vre sonuydu, futbol ma-<br />

Çl yaptlk."<br />

Smlrlar, barikatlar a$lhyor; sHah<br />

egitimi-teorik egitim görülüyor; mewniy<strong>et</strong><br />

töreni yapIllyor ve ... Ondan<br />

'uw d,j hentiz pek n<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>gil. Kamplar<br />

yeni <strong>de</strong>vreleri kar$Ilamak Ilzere<br />

bo~ahyor, artlk adayhgl geri<strong>de</strong> blrakml$<br />

olan gerillalar "bölgeye" yaYlhyor.<br />

TKP(B)- YKK ve TSK bildirilerine<br />

baklllrsa, yakmda bölge<strong>de</strong> isim.<br />

lerini duyuracaklar. Belki <strong>de</strong> aS11<br />

amaçlan, "Yalmzca PKK yok, ba$kalan<br />

da var" imajlm yaymak olaeak.<br />

Herhangi bir biçim<strong>de</strong> kitle <strong>de</strong>s.<br />

tegi saglamalan mümkün mü? Gerilla<br />

kamplan kurup adam y<strong>et</strong>i$tirmelerine<br />

ragmen bugüne kadar varhklann.<br />

dan pek az insanm haberdar olu~una<br />

baklhrsa, bu belirsiz. Ama Lübnan'.<br />

da, Bekaa Vadisi'nin ortasmda Türkiye'yi<br />

"silahh eylem alam" seçtigini<br />

ileri süren, ordu düzeni için<strong>de</strong> silahh<br />

pll;tim V:loan birileri var; bu kesin. c:::;<br />

CAN KOZANOGLU/Bekaa<br />

Koisuz gerilla<br />

.. Abim eski Tlp'liydi. Ben mOcadclenin<br />

için<strong>de</strong> buytldùllI diyebi.<br />

lirim." Süleyman, Güneydogu<br />

Anadolu'nun bir köyün<strong>de</strong> dogdu.<br />

Kendi <strong>de</strong>yi~iyle, Il.12 ya~lannda<br />

"bilinçlenmeye" b~lad.J, müca<strong>de</strong>leye<br />

auldl. llçedc slogan yazmaya,<br />

ari~e Çlktl; mitinglere kauldl. Birkaç<br />

kez gözaltma ahndl, 16 ya~m.<br />

da smm geçti, Lübnan'da cllitim<br />

gördü. 17 ya~mdayken Beyrut'ta<br />

israil'e kaql sav~maya ba~ladl.<br />

Aynl yU iki kolunu bir<strong>de</strong>n kayb<strong>et</strong>ti<br />

...<br />

Süleyman, bir Onadogu kentinin<br />

arka mabaUelerin<strong>de</strong>ki ev<strong>de</strong>. 0<br />

geeeyi anlauyor: "1982 yazl. Beyrut'ta<br />

Filistinlilerle omuz omuza<br />

çarpl~IYoruz.Israil <strong>de</strong>niz<strong>de</strong>n bomballyor,<br />

geceleri at~kes iIan edi.<br />

liyor. Bir gece IoYlda barikat KU,<br />

ruyoruz. YamOlda iki arkad~ daha<br />

var."<br />

tsrail at~kes man tan.Jmaz, bir<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bombardunan b~lar. Süleyman<br />

sipere yatar ama bomba bu,<br />

insam her yer<strong>de</strong> yakalar. Ani bir<br />

patlama: "Bir kolumun uçup gittillini<br />

gördUm. Di~eri <strong>de</strong>rinin<br />

ucunda sallaruyor. Ortal1!1toz du.<br />

man kaplaml~. Karargâhlmlz bir<br />

binanm bodrurnundaydl."<br />

tçgüdüsûyle, sUrQnesürüne bio<br />

naya Ul~lf. "Sana ne oldu?" di.<br />

ye sorarlar ve Süleyman inanma-<br />

SI zar bir cevap verir: "Hiçbir ~cyim<br />

yak. Yalruzca iki kolumu<br />

kayb<strong>et</strong>tim." lçer<strong>de</strong> "bacllar" var.<br />

dIr, ama onlar da çaresizdir. Hastane<br />

yolunun tek urnudu olan araba<br />

bozuktur. Süleyman yoJa kadar<br />

yürür. Bulunan araba bozu.<br />

lur, Süleyman yine yOrür. Hasta.<br />

ne<strong>de</strong> hem~ireler bile kötü olur, Sü.<br />

leyman sedyeye Kendiayaglyla gi.<br />

<strong>de</strong>r; lam Uç saat baYllmaz.<br />

Sülevman'Ill ilk anda varatu~1<br />

;ogukk'anh izienim, "Kol~uz gerilla<br />

müca<strong>de</strong>le<strong>de</strong>n dü~medi mi?" sa.<br />

rtl~t1nunönun<strong>de</strong>ki engelleri kaldl'<br />

~<br />

..


..<br />

--<br />

~<br />

DEVAH<br />

tiyor.<br />

Kisaltarak aklardlgmuz görü~mesin<strong>de</strong><br />

K.Saleb, "tarihsel olarak<br />

u1usal <strong>de</strong>mokratik' <strong>de</strong>vrim asama.<br />

smda" olduklarml, ancak he<strong>de</strong>flerinin<br />

"kesintisiz olarak illke<strong>de</strong> sosyalizmi<br />

in$a <strong>et</strong>meye geçmek" oldu-<br />

~unu söylüyor. Harek<strong>et</strong>lerinin <strong>de</strong>.<br />

gisik asarnalannda, farkh olaslhk.<br />

Ian da gözönün<strong>de</strong> bulundurdukla.<br />

nm anlatan K.Saleh, siIahh müca.<br />

<strong>de</strong>leyi benimsediklerini açlkltyor.<br />

TSK'mn "gerilIa sava~ma dayah<br />

halk SaV~l"ß1 benimserken, bansçl<br />

milca<strong>de</strong>le biçimlerini <strong>de</strong> redd<strong>et</strong>me.<br />

digini belirtiyor. K.Saleh, Yeni.<br />

Gun<strong>de</strong>m muhabirine ilk a~amada<br />

"s,lahh propal!anda~l" esas alacak.<br />

'~;yor \'c Süleyman anlallyor:<br />

l'I!.,],., :.....l~.~l..; ..l~kIcJcllllü~mc-<br />

.dirn. [,ct, bl:n silah ta~lyamam,<br />

~,ilah klillanamam, am~ buglill<br />

tlÎrçok ,lIa\t illerind,: 2erilla cj;itimi<br />

','rchilihli .. ~',u~ydil,yapabilirtIn.<br />

AIICllll,le, I urki)'e'yi <strong>de</strong> YIIlard<br />

rI'görmüyorum, her ~eyi çok<br />

özlilyorurn, Ama bir gün dönecc-<br />

~imi bilmesem zaten rnUca<strong>de</strong>lelÙn<br />

anlaml kalmaz. Doktor ameliyattan<br />

soma bir sürü ~eyiyaparnayacaglrnl<br />

spyledi. Ço~unu yapurn.<br />

Tuval<strong>et</strong>e girdirn, giyindirn. BazI<br />

i~ler<strong>de</strong> arkada~lanrnm yard1m <strong>et</strong>mesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

<strong>de</strong> hiçbir eziklik duymuyorum.<br />

Gerillahkta, müca<strong>de</strong>le<strong>de</strong><br />

her ~eyvar. Sakat kalmak da, ölmek<br />

<strong>de</strong>.. _" Her üç lafmm biri<br />

"müca<strong>de</strong>1e" olan, gerilla kimli~ini<br />

dilin<strong>de</strong> ta~lyan Süleyman, Ortado-<br />

~u'daki Türkiyeli ponrelerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

birini çizi! or. l3cyrut'ta blraktJ~<br />

iki kolu ve tüm anlamklanna ra~men<br />

silemedigi "Bu insan buralarda<br />

ne yapar, ne e<strong>de</strong>r" sorulany-<br />

;a..O<br />

Kürdistan Sosyalist<br />

Partisi Genel ~p.Kr<strong>et</strong>eri K.Saleh<br />

PKK ile dayanl$ma ...<br />

Yasadl$1 KUrdistan Sosyalist Partisi<br />

(fevgera Sosyalisl a Kilrdistane-<br />

TSK) geçtigimiz Yll TKSP-Roja<br />

Welat ve Klp-GBK örgütlerinin<br />

birle$mesiyle olu$tu. Henüz karnu.<br />

oyuna yallsmus herhangi bir eylemi<br />

bilinmeyen TSK, Lübnan'daki<br />

egitim ve toplanma kamplannda<br />

gerilla y<strong>et</strong>i~tiriyor. YeniGün<strong>de</strong>m<br />

muhabiri Can Kozanoglu'nun Beyrul'la<br />

görü~tügü, TSK Merkez Ko.<br />

mite Gene! Sekr<strong>et</strong>eri K.Saleh KÜr!<br />

sorununun yalmzca tran, Irak, Su.<br />

riye ve Türkiye'nin iç sorunu olma.<br />

dlgml, böigeseI hatlâ uluslararasl<br />

boyullan oldugunu söylüyor. Ancak<br />

kendilerinin "çözümli"<br />

once<br />

tll\ '.','sasma gore eie aldlglIu belir.<br />

Kerkük Türkleri senaryosu yeni<strong>de</strong>n hortlatlldl<br />

Ankara'da körfez<br />

duman/arl<br />

Komsular savasmda Türk di plomasisinin<br />

övüncü, sekiz yIldlr<br />

Türkiye sahnesin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>gisme<strong>de</strong>n kalan<br />

seylerin basmda gelen "aktif tarafslzhk"<br />

politikasmdan geçti~imiz hafta<br />

da çok söz edildi. Zaten ne zaman<br />

körfez<strong>de</strong>n yükselen dumanlar gö~ü<br />

kaplasa "aktif tarafslZh~lmlZln" bir<br />

kez daha hatlr1attlmasma herkes alIsmlstl.<br />

Bu aktif tarafslzh~m, pasif tarafslzhktan<br />

aynlmasma örnek olarak<br />

isviçre gösterilebilirdi. Türkiye, "tarafslZlm"<br />

<strong>de</strong>rken, isviçre gibi "gi<strong>de</strong>n<br />

a~arn, gelen p~am" diyecek bir ülke<br />

<strong>de</strong>~ildi. Her sey<strong>de</strong>n önce bir böIge<br />

üIkesiydi ve sav~m bir an önce son<br />

bulmasml istiyordu. Türkiye bunu ister<br />

ken, iran, Irak ve böIge ülkeleri<br />

üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki saygmh~ml da bu ülkeIere<br />

telkin<strong>de</strong> bulunmanm vesilesi olarak<br />

kullamyordu.<br />

Ankara'daki bir diplomatik gözlemci<br />

ise, geçtigimiz hafta b~l Ankara'ya<br />

gelen iran B~bakam Siyasi is-<br />

1er YardlmCISI Muayyeri'ye açlkça,<br />

"ilk adlml sizin atmamz ve bu sava-<br />

SI bitirmeniz lazlm" <strong>de</strong>ndi~ini söylüyordu.<br />

Yani aktif tarafslzhk, gerekti~in<strong>de</strong><br />

"do~ruya do~ru, e~riye e~ri"<br />

diyebilmekti. Türkiye sagIadl~1 güven<br />

saYeSindfv~an taraflar arasmdaki<br />

diplom ik sorunlann çözürnün<strong>de</strong><br />

araCI rolü ü <strong>de</strong> taraflann nzaslyla kabul<br />

<strong>et</strong>mis ,ama bu Türkiye'nin posta<br />

servisi olünü üstlendi~i anlamma<br />

da gelmemeliydi. Aym gözlemci, taraflardan<br />

birinin talebi olmadan veya<br />

Türkiye'nin fayda görmemesi halin<strong>de</strong><br />

bilgilerin haslmlara aktanlmasmm<br />

sözkonusu olmadl~lm söylüyordu.<br />

Zaten Muayyeri'nin g<strong>et</strong>irdi~i yeni<br />

bir- görüS yoktu. Top simdi yine<br />

BM Güvenlik Konseyi'n<strong>de</strong>ydi ve iran<br />

uzun süredir tekrarladl~l bir görüsü<br />

dile g<strong>et</strong>irmisti: "Saddam mütecaviz<br />

ilan edilsin, ondan sonra ateskese vanz."<br />

iran, "Önce Körfez'<strong>de</strong>ki savas bitsin,<br />

seyrüsefer güvenli~i sa~lansm,<br />

cephe<strong>de</strong>ki sav~ için sartlanmlZ belli"<br />

<strong>de</strong>rken, Irak, "cephe<strong>de</strong>ki savas bitme<strong>de</strong>n,<br />

iran'a Körfez'<strong>de</strong>n p<strong>et</strong>rol ihraç<br />

<strong>et</strong>lirmem" <strong>de</strong>meyi sürdürüyor,<br />

sonunda is Amerika'mn 50'ye yakm<br />

gemiyle sahil korumaclhk oynamaslna<br />

vanyordu.<br />

Savasm nere<strong>de</strong>yse iran-Irak Sava-<br />

SIoldu~u unutulmus, sav~ ilk kez bu<br />

kadar açlkça baska ülkeIere SlçramlS,<br />

çokuluslu bir kapisma tablosu ortaya<br />

çlkmlSti. Irak, Bagdat'I vuran iran<br />

füzelerine kar~l, iran' a sidd<strong>et</strong>li misillerne<br />

yapmayarak meydam Amerika'-<br />

ya blrakmlSu. iran Büyükelçili~i'ne<br />

yakm bir kaynak, "ABD'nin önün<strong>de</strong><br />

üç yol var: ya iran'Ia topyekûn bir<br />

savasa girecek, ya tedrici saldmlanna<br />

<strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>cek, ya da böige<strong>de</strong>n tamamen<br />

çekilecek. Biz sonuncusunu<br />

yapmasml sahk veririz. Aksi hal<strong>de</strong><br />

böIge için gi<strong>de</strong>rilmez sonuçlar dogar"<br />

diyordu. Iran, Amerika'ya klZlp Kuveyt'i<br />

vurarak olabilecekler hakkmda<br />

bir fikir vermisti.<br />

Temcit<br />

pilavl<br />

1anm, "ekonomik ve askeri tesis ve<br />

üslere yönelik eylemler" dilzenleyeceklerini<br />

açlkhyor.<br />

TSK, eylemleriyle, "<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in OlOritesini<br />

sarSma)1ve onu zaytflatma-<br />

YI", bir yandan da "yOre halkmda<br />

güven uyandlrmaYI" planbyor. K.<br />

Saleh, "Devrimimizin stratejik he<strong>de</strong>nerini<br />

belirleyen bugOnkü sQmut<br />

tarihi, iktisadi ve siyasal kosullar,<br />

ayru zamanda savaStmlmlZm geli~me<br />

yönünü bclirliyor" diyor.<br />

Diger Kürt örgütleriyle ili~kileri<br />

konusunda K.Saleh, "PKK da dahil.<br />

yurtsever konumdaki tlim Kurl<br />

örgütleriyle sIb bir dayam~manll1<br />

orlilmesi gerektigine" inamyor. ÖrgutlerarasJ<br />

ili~kilerin yaygll1la~tlfllma'J,<br />

i}ilc~tirilmesi için yo~un hir<br />

çaba harClyoIuz" diyor VI: hl! ihlkJ!eringeli~tirilmesÎn<strong>de</strong>kcndlkrinin<br />

ginsimlcrinin bnemli kalkdan (llclu-<br />

~llna inandlUannl beltniYN .<br />

Çok boyutlu urmarusa geçen sav~,<br />

Türkiye kamuoyuna yansrrken 1986'-<br />

mn Kaslm-Arahk aylannda yenilen<br />

bir yemek tekrar ISluhp sofraya g<strong>et</strong>irilmisti.<br />

Türk sa~mm "fütuhatçl-kavmiy<strong>et</strong>çi"<br />

kesimi tarafmdan çokça se- 53


DEVA/


..<br />

15-21.11.87<br />

AYDIN GÜRKAN AÇIKLlYOR, TIM KOMUTANI ANLATIYOR<br />

Yakala ve öldür emri<br />

. . 1A" : .<br />

Pusuya gi<strong>de</strong>n komando tim komutanlanna verilen yaztl, emri tebellüg e<strong>de</strong>n Atgm. Ümit Zileli,<br />

'1a~adlgl olaylan bütün insani yönleriyle 2000'e Dogru'ya anlattl. Y<strong>et</strong>kili makamlar, fotokopileri<br />

faymlanan emirlerin, yasal dayanaglnl açlklamak durumunda.<br />

A<br />

nlalya mill<strong>et</strong>vekili va Elazl{J<br />

SHP mill<strong>et</strong>vekili adaYI Aydin<br />

Güven Gür!


DEVAI'l<br />

•<br />

•<br />

yakalamak<br />

va öldürmek '~aksadlyla'<br />

2~ VAzt?S<br />

Tmlc:::LÏ<br />

SJ.l::'..~'C:nctiL, Komutan Yl':rd~mcJ.11p,1;bölücü va pk~C1 örgüt elernanlarJ.nJ.n<br />

f~~lij0clcr~~i tesbit va t~kip <strong>et</strong>mek, örcüt elemanlarJ. üzerin<strong>de</strong>k1<br />

baalqy~ $Ürdc:'r.1ek,~';:;-mla:~'. 'v~ öldü~al{~ mc.ksad1yla; .;4 .OC


.,<br />

..<br />

DEVAM 15-21.11.87<br />

SEVGiLi ARSIZ OlUM<br />

. A!iagl Torunoba kbyüne ula!itlglmlz,<br />

da vakil geceyanslnl gaçmi!ili. Karako:<br />

komulanl ganç aslsubay gülar yüzla kar,<br />

$lladl akiblmizi. Gay ikram alti. Dikkati;<br />

mi çakmi!ili: "Taröristlarin" saldlrllisla.<br />

sin<strong>de</strong> ilk slralarda oldu{ju söylanan karakolun<br />

alaklrigi yoklu! AsIsubayla bir.<br />

birimize ISmInCa, gaz lambaslnln allin,<br />

da heman önümüzdan akan Munzur su'<br />

yunun hlzlnl hasaplaYlp, alaklrik ai<strong>de</strong> al.<br />

menin yollannr aramaya ba$ladlk! .. Ha.<br />

rekel saaline kadar, az bir masrafla<br />

eleklrik saglanabilecegine oybirligi ile<br />

karar vermi$tik. Sabaha kar$1 saal üç SI,<br />

ralannda, lekrar yola koyulmu$luk.<br />

Önce evi gördük. Tepenin üzerine kurulmu$,<br />

yanmda küçücük tarlaslyla<br />

lezek-Ioprak kan$lmr lek ba$lna bir ev.<br />

Sonra da klZI gördük. 0 da biii gör.<br />

mÜ$lü. Bir an kaçmak istedi. Sonra ne<strong>de</strong>nse<br />

vazgeçli. Rahal bir lawla yakla!ill<br />

yanlmlza.<br />

- Gay lçe r misimz?<br />

Sabahln körun<strong>de</strong>, ISSIZblr dag baSInda,<br />

gri bnluklu, koeaman gözlü bir klzln<br />

sordugu bu soru son <strong>de</strong>rece komik gelmlsll<br />

bana. Kenulml lulmaya çahsarak.<br />

sert oldugunu sandlglm bir sesle<br />

sordurn<br />

- Allahln ayazll1da ne anyorsun dlsarda<br />

klzlm?<br />

- Okula gi<strong>de</strong>cegim <strong>de</strong> ... Geç kahrsam<br />

minübüsü l


58<br />

DEVAM<br />

<strong>de</strong>rcesinc;<br />

-- $imdi kl~ aylan komutan! Kurtlar<br />

düze iner ... Eve saldlrlr ... Kaplya pen.<br />

cereye yükle nir;erl ..<br />

Havaslzliktan ölmek, kurtlara yem 01-<br />

maktan evlaydl tabii! Hiçbir $ey<br />

diyemedim.<br />

BiN YILLIK UÇURUM<br />

Sasik tepe <strong>et</strong>eklerin<strong>de</strong>ki Güleç köyü-<br />

"e: yapliglmlz gece basklnl sona ermi:?,<br />

yorgunluktan bitmi~tim. Geceyanlan<br />

kimsenin evine konuk olmamak kOllusunda<br />

prensibim kaliydl. Ama muhtenn<br />

Israrlan kar~lslnda, ilk kez biraz naz <strong>et</strong>tikten,<br />

olmazlandlktan sonra, çamur<br />

için<strong>de</strong>ki botlanml çlkarml~, evin ba~kö-<br />

~esine kurulmu~tum. Biraz sonra <strong>de</strong>:nli<br />

çay e~ligin<strong>de</strong>, taze tereyagl, çökelek<br />

peyniri ve slcak bélzlamada gelince Iyice<br />

gev~edim. Dere<strong>de</strong>n tepe<strong>de</strong>n sohb<strong>et</strong><br />

e<strong>de</strong>rken, bir an gözüm tavanda sallanan<br />

ampule taklldl. Sonra slraslyla kö~e<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

televizyon, kaplnln yanlnda üstü el i~lemeli<br />

örtüyle süslenmi~ buzdolabl ve nihay<strong>et</strong><br />

odaYI aydmlatan gaz lambasl!<br />

Muhtara döndüm.<br />

- Hayrola elektrikler mi kesik?<br />

Odada bulunan köyl ülerin arasmda<br />

bir sessizlik oldu. Sonra muhtar üzgün<br />

bir ila<strong>de</strong>yle cevap verdi:<br />

- Elektrigimiz yok komutanlm!<br />

$a~kmhkla baklim <strong>et</strong>raflma. Elektriksiz<br />

çali$masl mümkün olmayan bir colu<br />

al <strong>et</strong>. Ampul bile mevcut.. Ve elektrik<br />

yokl Herhal<strong>de</strong> alay ediyorlardl benimle:<br />

- Peki bunlar ne?<br />

- Onlar seneierdir öylece duruyor<br />

komutanlm!<br />

il merkezine yürüyerek gidilebilen bu<br />

köy<strong>de</strong> elektrik yoktu ha! Muhtar yüzüm.<br />

<strong>de</strong>ki inanmaz ila<strong>de</strong>yi görünce anlatmaya<br />

ba$ladl:<br />

- On be:? Ylldlr köye elektrik g<strong>et</strong>ir:mek<br />

için müca<strong>de</strong>le ediyoruz. Sönùnda blrkaç<br />

YII önce Türkiye I;lektrikKlJhim~~nu.ra.<br />

Zl <strong>et</strong>tik. Köye hat çekllme'SI T~nl' mute.<br />

ahhite verdiler. 0 adam da ÜÇkâgltÇI çlk.<br />

tl. Uzun süre oyaladl bizi. Ve bir gün blraklp<br />

kaçtl!<br />

- Niçin valiye müracaat <strong>et</strong>mediniz?<br />

- Çekindik komutanlm. Bizi kabul <strong>et</strong>mez<br />

<strong>de</strong>dik.<br />

Elektrik direklerinin veri bile belirlenmi~,<br />

direkler g<strong>et</strong>irilmi~, çuku~::::~ ::'Çl:r: I~tl.<br />

Her :?ey, Türkiye Elektrik Kurumu'nun<br />

bir tralo dikmesine kalml$tl. Köylüler her<br />

türlü yardlma hazlrdllar. T elleri çekmeye<br />

bile! Ama <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in valisinin kar~lslna<br />

çlklp <strong>de</strong>rtlerini açmaya çekiniyorlardl.<br />

Bir baklma hakltydilar. BinYllhk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>.<br />

halk yabanclla$masl,ha <strong>de</strong>yince ortadan<br />

kalkmazdl ki!<br />

•<br />

•<br />

Geceleyin hiç yoksul köylülerin<br />

evlerin<strong>de</strong> arama yaptlnlZ ml, hiç<br />

onlarla göz göze geldiniz mi,<br />

sabah pusuya gi<strong>de</strong>rken, üç sa.<br />

at mesafe<strong>de</strong>ki okul yoluna dü.<br />

,en bir klZa rastladlnlZ ml? Si.<br />

lahlann konu,tugu bir ortamda<br />

bir d~ insan insana i1i,kiler var.<br />

•<br />

Ertesi gün Tugay Komutanlmlza çlk:<br />

tim. Gördüklerimi lek lek anlattlm. Va.<br />

pllmasl gereken yardimin ne <strong>de</strong>nli ba.<br />

sil oldugundan, köylülerin gönüllü i$çi<br />

olarak çah$maya hazlr beklediklerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

söz eltim. Pa$a dikkatle dinledikten sonra<br />

sordtl.<br />

Hangi köy bu?<br />

- Güleç köyü komutanlm.<br />

Bir süre önün<strong>de</strong>ki notlan kan$tlrdlk-<br />

Ian sonra cevap verdi.<br />

~ 0 köyün muhlan saklnC:E1h!<br />

SAKINCALI<br />

TUNCELi<br />

Gazianf~p, Kahramanmara$, $anh<br />

Urtd ...<br />

Tunceli'nin <strong>de</strong> bir ünvant var artlk ...<br />

- Sakmcah Tunceli.<br />

Bu ilimizin iki büyük özelli!)i vard,,:<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki en yüksek okuma oram ve<br />

en kabank saklncah saYlsl! Bir mill<strong>et</strong>vekilimizin<br />

yapllgl espri ashnda Tuneeli'-<br />

nin halini dile g<strong>et</strong>irmektt:d ir:<br />

- Her ~ehir<strong>de</strong>n bir sakmcall g<strong>et</strong>lrin.<br />

lunceli'<strong>de</strong>n tuttugunuzu!<br />

Aileniz<strong>de</strong>n herhangi bir ki$i bir olaya<br />

kan$ml$sa, olomatikman bu sin lIa da.<br />

hil ediliyordunuz. Böylece yakln markaj<br />

ba~llyordu. $ay<strong>et</strong> siz<strong>de</strong>n huzursuzluk<br />

duyulmaya ba~lanlrsa, 0 zaman isminizln<br />

ba~lna yeni bir sllat ekleniyordu:<br />

- Sürgun!..<br />

Slklyönelim Komutanllgl'nln iSlemi,<br />

vallnin <strong>de</strong> imzaslyla ikinci bir emre kadar<br />

ya da bir, iki, üç YII örnegin Kütahya'ya<br />

sürgün ediliyordunuz!.. Haa, Kütahya'da<br />

kimseniz yok mu? Valla 0 da<br />

sizin sorununuzdu!..<br />

il slmrfarl dl$lna gön<strong>de</strong>rilme (il yöne.<br />

timi sürgünü böyle adlandlrlyordu) ce.<br />

zaslna çarptmlan bir vatan da:;; hatlrhyorum.<br />

Sürgün edildigi gün kalp spazml<br />

geçirmi$. Kapl kapl dola~lyor, cezamn<br />

kaldlrllmaSlfl1 saglamaya çah$lyordu.<br />

Daha birkaç gün önce küçük ama kendisi<br />

için önem Ii boyutta bir ihale kazanml~.<br />

Anlatml:;;tl:<br />

- Mahvoldum <strong>de</strong>dim. ÇOlugum, çaeugum<br />

var. Ekilmi$ topraglm var. Kazandlglm<br />

ihale var. $artnameye göre i:;;i<br />

bitirmezsem ö<strong>de</strong>mem gereken para ce.<br />

zasl var <strong>de</strong>dim ...<br />

Yalvarml~, yakarmi:;; hiç olmazsa süre<br />

tanlmaslm iStemi$li. Verilen yanll kisa<br />

ve nelli;<br />

- Bok mu var burda!<br />

Bir YII için<strong>de</strong> çok <strong>de</strong>gi~ik taw ve dü-<br />

:;;ünceler1e kar$IIB:?lnn. Asker genei<strong>de</strong> iyi<br />

ili$ki kurmak, slcak davranmak yanhslYdl.<br />

Genel komutanhklan gelen emirler<br />

<strong>de</strong> bu dogrultudaydl taten:<br />

- Halkla iyi diyalog ... Sicakkanh yak.<br />

la$lm ... Güleryüz ...<br />

Ancak bu dü:;;üncelerin dl$lf1da kalanlar<br />

vardl. Bazllarl için Tunceli, alabildi.<br />

gine çabuk kaçnmasl gereken bir yerdi.<br />

Bu gibilerin gözün<strong>de</strong> lunceli'ye yatlnm<br />

yapmal( günahtl! Yél7.lkll bunca harcanan<br />

paraya! Bir gün ya$Ifl' ba$1fl1 aimi:;;<br />

bir aslsubay, $ehrin bo:;;altlhp, "Egilim<br />

sahasl" o/arak kul!afllimasi önerisini alml$tl<br />

ortaya. Uçsuz bucakslz bir egitim<br />

sahas,! Ama bana en ael gelen dÜ$ün.<br />

ce yi genç bir aslsubay çavu$ dile gelir.<br />

mi~li. Güzel bir sonbahar günü Tugaym<br />

tam kar$ISlndaki Alalürk Lisesi'n<strong>de</strong>n neçeli<br />

çl(jhklar atarak çlkan bir sürü orta.<br />

okul lalebesi ni göstererek:<br />

- i$le geleeegin lerörislleri!.. <strong>de</strong>mi:;;.<br />

ti. Donup kalml$tlm. Atalürk'ün ülkeyi<br />

eman<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>li!)i gençli!)imize bakl$ açlsl<br />

buydu <strong>de</strong>mek!<br />

•<br />

"AÇ KAPIYI, JANDARMA!"<br />

Her zama;,ki gibi sabah a kar:;;1kU$al-<br />

Ilk köyün çevresini. Hazlrladl!)lm plan<br />

uyannca aramamlz gereken ilk eve dog.<br />

ru i1erlerken, erkekler<strong>de</strong>n birinin karan.<br />

hkla sürünerek yakla$llglnl gördüm. Mu.<br />

zaffer iyice yanlma sokularak kulaglma<br />

hSlldadl:<br />

- KOI'llltanlm, iler<strong>de</strong> bir ev var. hk<br />

yanlyor. Per<strong>de</strong>leri <strong>de</strong> slkl slkl kapalii ..<br />

o saalle bir evin 1~lglnln açlk olmasl<br />

pek hayra alam<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>gildi. i~ar<strong>et</strong>lerle anla$arak<br />

evi sardlk. Timi kutlamam gerekirdi.<br />

Bir lek Çlllrti bile çlkarmadan evi<br />

sarn:lI:;;lar, makinahy' da hakim vere kurmU$lardl.<br />

ASlriar kadar uzun gelen bir<br />

alçak sürünme sonucu kaplmn yanlna<br />

ula$lIk. Emin ve Muzaffer kaplmn iki Va.<br />

flInda yerlerini alinca hlzla vurdum. Vurmamla<br />

birlikte içer<strong>de</strong>ki 1$lk söndü. Ter<strong>de</strong>n<br />

SlrllSlklam kesilmi~tim. Elim<strong>de</strong>ki labancaya<br />

daha da slkl sanlarak baglrdlm:<br />

•<br />

"Bu tür baskmlarda gizli bir<br />

utanç duygusu sarardl benligi.<br />

mi. Bir yandan insanlan rahat.<br />

SIZ <strong>et</strong>menin tedirginligi, diger<br />

yandan görev duygusu durmakslZln<br />

çatl,lrlardl içim<strong>de</strong>."<br />

•<br />

- Ar; kiiPIYI jandarma ...<br />

Hayr<strong>et</strong>l Kapl açllml$11. E$ikte duran<br />

ya$h ada.m el in<strong>de</strong>ki gaz lam baSlnl dl~arlya<br />

dogru, uzatll:<br />

- Buyur ... Buyur komutan!<br />

Garip bir görüntüydü. Kaplda elin<strong>de</strong><br />

gaz lambaslyla bir köylü ve lam kar:;;lslnda<br />

loz loprak için<strong>de</strong> ver<strong>de</strong> yatan bir<br />

aSlegmen! Adam altml$, y<strong>et</strong>mi~ ya$lanrida<br />

vard, galiba. Belki daha bile ya~h.<br />

Pozisyonumu bozmadan sordum:<br />

- Kim var içer<strong>de</strong>!<br />

- Ben ve karlm!<br />

- Yalan söyleme!<br />

Sesimi plimo"" flploi


..<br />

DEVl\I1<br />

ögrenmi~ti. Birçok i~ girip çlkml~, bir<br />

turliJ dlkl~ tulluramaml~tl. Sonunda seble<br />

hahn<strong>de</strong> blraz para yapml~ ve köyüne<br />

dönmü~tü. iki klZlm gelin <strong>et</strong>mi:ï, üç<br />

oglunu da evermi~ti.<br />

_ Biri Mersin'<strong>de</strong>, biri Antep'te ... En<br />

küç(ikleri <strong>de</strong> köyün a~aOlsmda oturur.<br />

KimsOOen haYlr yok komutan. Benim <strong>de</strong><br />

bir ~ey beklediOim yok va! Va~amdan<br />

bekledi{Ji bir ~ey yoktu. Ama ya~aml birakmaya<br />

niy<strong>et</strong>i hiç yoktu! Çökelek ~yniri,<br />

tereyaO, yoOurt yaplp T~nceh ye<br />

gän<strong>de</strong>riyor, onun paraslnl da kltaba ya.<br />

•<br />

•<br />

"Ter<strong>de</strong>n SlfIlslklam kesllmi,.<br />

tim. Elim<strong>de</strong>ki tabancaya daha<br />

bir slkl sanlarak baOudlm: Aç<br />

kaPIYI,jandarma! .."<br />

•<br />

•<br />

tlnyordu. Gaz<strong>et</strong>eye <strong>de</strong> aboneydi va, SIklntlSI<br />

vardl:<br />

_ Gazate iki gün sonra geliyor buraya.<br />

Vani hep bi olup biteni iki gün sonra<br />

bgreniyoruz. . .<br />

Bazen, köye iki gün<strong>de</strong> bir gehp gl<strong>de</strong>n<br />

mi'libüsün ~oförü gaz<strong>et</strong>eyi g<strong>et</strong>irmeyi<br />

unutuyor, 0 zaman da çile<strong>de</strong>n ÇlklYordu<br />

Mustafa Amea.<br />

Okuduklanm, kendi yorumlanm da katip<br />

kanslna anlatmaktan çok ho~lamyordu.<br />

"Biraz aOlr i~itir. ÇoOunu da anlamaz<br />

ya olsun" diyordu. Peki hiç mi istOOi{Ji,bekIOOi{jibir<br />

~eyyoktu y~mdan?<br />

"Var" <strong>de</strong>di Mustafa Amea. Bir'an durdu.<br />

Derin bir nefes aldl:<br />

- Ah bir televizyonum olsa komutan l<br />

Varsm siyah-beyaz olsun. Bu YII in~allah<br />

elektrik geleeek köye. Bizim SIpaya<br />

müdana <strong>et</strong>mezdim.<br />

Tuneeli anilanmm en renkli, en onurlu<br />

ki~ilerin<strong>de</strong>n biri sen oldun Mustafa<br />

Amea. in~allah istedi{Jin televizyona<br />

kavu~mu~sundur.<br />

Sütlüee yöresin<strong>de</strong>ki Baldan ve Koealar<br />

köyü yaklnlnda pusu ve arama görevi<br />

teblig edildigini <strong>de</strong> pek umursamamH~tim.<br />

Bir geeelik Siradan bir görevdi i~te.<br />

Artlk yan motorize saYlhrdlk. Görev bölgemizin<br />

mümkün Qldu{Ju kadar yaklmna<br />

sivil araçlarla biraklllyor, görev bitimin<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> aynl yer<strong>de</strong>n Ylne aym araçla ahmyordu.<br />

Hava kararmadan önee gi<strong>de</strong>eegimiz<br />

bölgeyi ke~fe çlkma zorunlulu-<br />

QU da yeni sistemin bir parçaslydl.<br />

TAKDiRNAME<br />

On iki ki~i1ik timimle Devl<strong>et</strong> Su 1~leri'-<br />

nin bir , minibüsünün için<strong>de</strong> sarsllarak<br />

Ilerliyorduk. Vol çok kötü, hava da yagmurluydu.<br />

Geee pusuya yataeaglmlz<br />

yerleri göz<strong>de</strong>n geçirirken, tim çavu~u Ercan<br />

yan taraflmdaki tepeyi i~ar<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>ti.<br />

- En üste bak komutamm. Birileri<br />

var.<br />

Dürbün yoktu. Gözlerimi klsarak baktim.<br />

Gerçekten <strong>de</strong> tepenin üzerin<strong>de</strong> üç<br />

ki~i vardl. Oturuyorlardl, daha dogrusu<br />

yatmakla oturmak araslnda.Önee, "Bu<br />

havada ne i~leri var allahln daglnda" diye<br />

dü~ündüm. Sonra aklima gelen ihtimalle<br />

bir an ürperdlm. $ofbre:<br />

_ Hiçbir ~ey yokmu~ gibl <strong>de</strong>vam <strong>et</strong>.<br />

Minibüs ilk vira)1 dönünee indik. Sürünerek<br />

tepeye yakla~tlk. En yakln nok.<br />

taya ula~lnea tüfegimi dogrultarak<br />

baglrdlm:<br />

•<br />

'~ Eller yukan jandarma!<br />

Tepe<strong>de</strong>ki üç ki,i sesimi duyar<br />

duymaz kaçmaya ba~laml~lardl,<br />

Demek ki teröristti bunlar, Dört<br />

G3 aym anda patlad!. .."<br />

•<br />

- Eller yukan jandarma! Tepe<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

üç ki~i sesimi duyar duymaz kaçmaya<br />

ba~laml~lardl. Demek ki hakhydlm. Teröri.slti<br />

bunlar! OOrt G3 ay", anda palladl.<br />

lsab<strong>et</strong> kay<strong>de</strong>dilememi~ti! Adamlar tepenin<br />

ardlnda kaybolduklannda ben <strong>de</strong><br />

timi dör<strong>de</strong> aYlrmakla me~guldüm. Telsizle<br />

merkeze bilgi verdikten sonra saaller<br />

sürecek aVI ba~latllm.<br />

Operasyon dört saat sonra sana erdi.<br />

Hava kararml~, yagmur da yeni<strong>de</strong>n<br />

b~laml~tl. B~tan ~agl çamura slvanml~.<br />

daga tlrmamrken art arda silah sesleri<br />

duydum. DiQer gruplardan biri kar-<br />

~lla~ml~1I herhal<strong>de</strong>. Erler<strong>de</strong>n birine zarar<br />

gelmesin dive dua e<strong>de</strong>rek 0 yöne<br />

saptlm. Biraz sonra yanlanna ula~ml~'<br />

tlk. Karanhkta zar seçerek sordum:<br />

- Ne oldu, yakaladlmz ml?<br />

- Kaçar ml komutamm.<br />

Bir ferahhk duygusuyla oldugum ye.<br />

re çöktüm. Biraz nefeslendikten sonr;;<br />

yakalananlartn yanlna gittim. Büyük bir<br />

kava parçaslnln dibine oturmu~lardl. Birbirlerine<br />

kelepçeyle bagh iki ki~i. El fenerini<br />

yüzlerine çevirinee hayr<strong>et</strong>le<br />

ba{Jlrdlm.<br />

- Bunlar ml terörist?<br />

Kar~lmda on alti, on yedl ya~lannda<br />

surallan korkudan kararml~ iki çoeuk<br />

vardl. Daha blYlklan bile terlememi~ iki<br />

çoeuk! Çavu~a döndüm:<br />

- Emin misin bunlar oldugundan?<br />

- Itiraf <strong>et</strong>tiler komutanlm. Zaten kaçarken<br />

yakaladlk. Sir <strong>de</strong> tüfek vardl<br />

yanlannda.<br />

Erin tüfek <strong>de</strong>digi çifteydi. Avda kuliamian,<br />

çift klrmah <strong>de</strong>diklerin<strong>de</strong>n. Tam 0<br />

slrada Tugay Komulanl aradl. Vakaladlglmlzl<br />

bildi rdikten sonra kaçaklara<br />

döndüm.<br />

- Ne yaplyordunuz tepe<strong>de</strong>?<br />

- Keklik avllyorduk komutanlm.<br />

Bir sevinç kapladl içimi. Söyledi{Jinin<br />

do{Jru olmasl umuduyla sorguya <strong>de</strong>vam<br />

<strong>et</strong>tim.<br />

- Peki niçin kaçtlmz?<br />

- Korkluk.<br />

ikisi kar<strong>de</strong>~ti. Kemal ve Musti;lfa. Evleri<br />

az iler<strong>de</strong>ydi. Keklik aVina çlkml~lar,<br />

bizi görünee <strong>de</strong> korkup kaçml~lardl. Pe.<br />

kl ya üçüneü ki~i. 0 nere<strong>de</strong>ydi?<br />

- De<strong>de</strong>mizdi komutan/m. $imdi ev<strong>de</strong>dlr.<br />

Pek tatmin olmaml~tlm. Üstelik yagmur<br />

alllnda dört saat ko~turman/n öfkesl<br />

<strong>de</strong> yaklyordu içimi. Gösterdikleri evi bas-<br />

Ilk. Bir kadln, ya~h bir adam ve bir klz<br />

çocugu vardl ev<strong>de</strong>. Va~h adam, çoeuklann<br />

ifa<strong>de</strong>sini doOruluyordu. Bu arada<br />

panzer ve ye<strong>de</strong>k kuvvel <strong>de</strong> olay yerine<br />

y<strong>et</strong>i~mi~ti. Tepeye Çlktlk. Gerçekten<br />

<strong>de</strong> keklik avlamak için kurulmu~ tuzaklar<br />

bulduk. Vapllan sorgulamalar ve<br />

ar~tlrmalar sonueu bizim yakaladlglmlz<br />

çocuklann gerçek birer keklik avoisi 01-<br />

duklan ortaya Çlktl. Hem <strong>de</strong> profesyonel!<br />

Rezit olma",n verdigi utanel ya~arken,<br />

bir <strong>de</strong> Tugay KomutaOl "çaglrlnea ne yapacaglml<br />

~Irml~tlm. Olümler<strong>de</strong>n ölüm<br />

begenerek huzura çlktlm! Hayre\. Pa:?a<br />

gülümsüyordu. Üstelik:<br />

- Bravo astegmenim. Tebrik e<strong>de</strong>rim,<br />

• <strong>de</strong>yinee iyiee affalladlm. Herhal<strong>de</strong> alay<br />

ediyordu. Biraz sonra benim tim<strong>de</strong> bulunan<br />

erleri <strong>de</strong> çaglrtarak tek tek kulla-<br />

Ylnea, rüya gördügümü san maya ba~laml~lIm<br />

ki komutan açlkladl:<br />

- Gerçekle~tirdiginil klstlrma operasyonu<br />

ve yönellm ~eklinll<br />

fevkala<strong>de</strong>ydi.<br />

• •<br />

•<br />

"Tepeye Çlktlk. Gerçekten <strong>de</strong><br />

keklik avlemak için kurulmu~<br />

tuzaklar bulduk. Bizim yakaladlOlmlZ<br />

çocuklann gerçek birer<br />

keklik aveisi oldu klan ortaya<br />

Çlktl, Hem <strong>de</strong> profesyonel."<br />

•<br />

Pa~a sonueu umursamlyordu. Dört<br />

saat süren operasyon ve sonunda takip<br />

<strong>et</strong>tigimiz ki~ileri yakalamamlz çok ho~una<br />

gitmi~ti. Ben bir takdirname ve on<br />

be~ bin lira ile taltif edilirken, erler <strong>de</strong> birer<br />

ba~an belgesi ve ikl~er bin lira ile<br />

ödüllendirilmi~lerdi. Bu olaydan sonra<br />

arkada


DEVAH<br />

elin<strong>de</strong> makinah tüfe{jiyle bir aste{jmenin<br />

içeri girip; .<br />

•<br />

- Kan vermek istiyorum <strong>de</strong>mesi On.<br />

ce bir sessizlik yaratmlli, ardlndan kori.<br />

dar bayram verine dOnmülitü. Nasll da<br />

sanlml,lardl ellerime. Hasan Amca na.<br />

s,1da dualar <strong>et</strong>mi,ti kendi dilin<strong>de</strong>, anla.<br />

yamadlOlm. Sonra aylar boyu süt, yu.<br />

murta,peynir talilmllilardl tugaya. Koca<br />

bir ,ilie viski <strong>de</strong> cabasl!..<br />

llile Aktuluk Karakolu. Kurliun ya{lmu.<br />

runa tutulan. yard!ma gi<strong>de</strong>rken pusuya<br />

dÜlitüQümüz karakol. Panzerin üzerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

seken Mg3 mermilerinin so{luk IShklan",<br />

a",mslyorum. Dör<strong>de</strong> üç tertip<br />

Tahir elin<strong>de</strong>n yaralanml$tl.<br />

Va zavalh Turan. Özel limin henüz blr<br />

haftahk elema", Turan Gündüz. GeYlksuyu<br />

Kar$llar köyü operasyonunda. 20<br />

$ubat 1986'da yirmi ya$lnI nOklalam!$-<br />

II. Helikopter<strong>de</strong>n en son allayan oydu.<br />

Evin damlna on m<strong>et</strong>re yükseklen atlamanln<br />

sersemli{lini almaya çall$lrken<br />

yeml$11kur$unu! Tepe<strong>de</strong>n allian mermi,<br />

köprücük kemi{linin üzerin<strong>de</strong>n girip kai.<br />

bi parçalaml$, hemen oraclkta can vermi$ti.<br />

Dört ayllk çocu{lunun henüz yü.<br />

zünü bile görmedigini son radan ö{lren.<br />

mi$tik!<br />

!u~C~li:.klsaclk süre<strong>de</strong> yitip gitti göz.<br />

lenmln onun<strong>de</strong>n. Her zamanki ne$esiyle<br />

Do~or Aykut, Sevgili Emre, geni$ yürek.<br />

Il yUzb8$lm,dost Mustafa, Hüseyin Perlek'ii<br />

Celai Amca, kocaman gözlü Sema<br />

ve di{lerleriyle birlikte... .<br />

Hiç GÖZGÖZE GElDiNiz<br />

Mi?<br />

2OOO'eDogru redaktôrünün gözü, Komando<br />

Tim Komuta"' Ümit Zileli'nin son<br />

cümlesinin ardlna koydu{lu üç noktaya<br />

taklldl kaldl. Gaz<strong>et</strong>eler, kaç ylldan beri<br />

vurulan gerillalann veya askerlerin sa-<br />

YIS!",veriyor, foto{lraflan", yayrnllyordu.<br />

Ama vurulanrn da vura",n da, pusuda<br />

yalan," da pusuya dÜ$enin <strong>de</strong>, evi aranan,"<br />

da araya",n da insan olduOu ash~da<br />

güme gidi~?rdu. Hiç operasyona<br />

gl<strong>de</strong>n askenn yureOin<strong>de</strong> duyduklan",<br />

dÜ$ündünüz mü, hiç yoksul kOylülerin<br />

evlerin<strong>de</strong> arama yapt,",z ml, onlarla QÖz,<br />

göze geldiniz mi, sabah pusuya gi<strong>de</strong>rken<br />

üç saat mesafe<strong>de</strong>ki akul yoluna koyulan<br />

bir klza rastlad,"lz ml? Toplum bu<br />

sorulardan kopartllml$, soruna hiç insan<br />

insana ili$kiler açls,"dan bakllmaml$11.<br />

VARGISIZ lOAM<br />

Peki toplum "yakala ve öldür" diven<br />

bu yazlh emirlerin yasalh{ll", tartl$acak<br />

mlydl? V<strong>et</strong>kili makamlar konunun üzerine<br />

e{jilecek miydi? Genelkurmay ara~hracak<br />

mlydl? Hüküm<strong>et</strong> esas sorumlu<br />

olarak ne cevap verecekti? Siyasal partiler<br />

iktidanyla muhalefeliyle bizim insa-<br />

",mlzln huzur ve güven sorunu olarak<br />

bu yazlll emri Meclis 'gün<strong>de</strong>mine g<strong>et</strong>irec~kler<br />

miydi? VClksagene geçi$lirilecek<br />

mlydl? Turgu.I Ozal üzerini ml kapalacaktl<br />

... Erdallnönü, "incelemek lazlm"<br />

<strong>de</strong>yip sonra gene susacak mlydl?Süleyman<br />

Demirel, Ecevil ne diyeceklerdi?<br />

• •<br />

"Elin<strong>de</strong> makinah tüfegiyle bir<br />

astegmenin içeri girip 'Kan<br />

vermek istiyorum' <strong>de</strong>mesi,<br />

hastane koridorunu bayramverine<br />

çevirmi~ti. Köylüler nasll<br />

da sanlml~lardl elime..:'<br />

•<br />

2ooo'e Dogru'nun 1010kopiierini ya-<br />

Ylnladl{ll yazlll emirler leksirle ço{lallllml$.<br />

Belli ki, bu genel bir uygulamadlr.<br />

Olay, emri imzalayan komula",n sorumlulugunun<br />

ötesin<strong>de</strong> bir hukuk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>l sorunudur,<br />

yurt1a$lncan korkusu olmadan<br />

ya$ayabilmesi, çobanlll rahathkla davar<br />

otlalabilmesi, insa",n yurdunda rahatça<br />

gezebilmesi, çe$me<strong>de</strong>n su doldurabil.<br />

mesi sorunudur. Çünkü yarglslz idam<br />

kaplsl açllml$tlr.<br />

ARTIK BElGELi<br />

2000'e Dogru SaVinAydm Gürkan'm<br />

~çlklamaslnl ve Komanda Tim Kornuta"'<br />

Umit Zileli'nin anlattlklannr yorumsuz<br />

yaYlnhyor. Konu aydlnlatllmahdlr, Ama<br />

. d~vl~ti her $eyin üstün<strong>de</strong> ve yurttalil da<br />

hlçblr $~y sayan bir anlaY1lia iki ör.<br />

nekle dlkkat çekmenin artlk yeridir.<br />

1981ylll Mart aYlndaYlz.Jandarma 51-<br />

nrf Okulu'nun kursu bitmi$. Jandarma<br />

Genel Komutanl ve MGK Üyesi Org. Sedat<br />

Celasun jandarma te{jmenlerine hi.<br />

lap ediyor: "Köye gittiniz, teröristi ver.<br />

miyorlar. Köyü yakacaksl",z. Kayma.<br />

kam ml kar$1çlk'yor, çlksln. Arkanrzda<br />

ben vanm." OlaYI aktaran: Re'sen<br />

emekli jandarma üste(lmeni."<br />

1982 YIII Mart ayl. Istihbarat ve Oil<br />

Okulu bodrumu. Genç subaylar sorU$'<br />

turmaslnda sorgulan sürüyor. Sorgulanan<br />

te{jmenin gözleri ba{lh, Kendisine<br />

siyasal e{jillminin saptanabilmesi için $U<br />

soru yöneltiliyor:<br />

- Da{lda bir gerilla bir klZI çevirmi$,<br />

ne yaparsm?<br />

~egmen yasalara uygun olan ya"'tl<br />

venyor:<br />

- Teslim olmaslnl söylerim, önce ha.<br />

vaya, sonra ayag,"a ate$ e<strong>de</strong>rim.<br />

Sorguyu yönelen yüksek rülbeli subay<br />

heyecan la ba{llflyor:<br />

- Vursana tegmenim, vursana. Vakaladln,<br />

hâlâ ne duruyorsun, vursana?!<br />

Bu anllar, 2000 'e Dogru 'va subay sorU$lurmalanyla<br />

i1gili haberi haZirlarken<br />

anlatllml$ll, ama 0 zaman yaymlanmadl.<br />

Çünkü kaM, yoktu. $imdi yay,"laya.<br />

biliyoruz. Ehmlz<strong>de</strong>ki belge, "yakalamak<br />

ve öldürmek maksadlyla" harekât yapil.<br />

maSlnl emrediyor. . .<br />

Emrin uyguianmasi<br />

Olay 1<br />

"Kar$1 laraltan blr kl7 'Ieshm<br />

oluyorum' dlye baglrdl. Sllahl yoklu<br />

o arada Aslsubay Orhan Keskin<br />

'vur' emn verdi. Erler <strong>de</strong> ate$<strong>et</strong>ti. KI-<br />

Zlöldürduler," Anlata:'!:Jandarma tarallndan<br />

kllavuzhJk yapmaya zorlanan<br />

köylüler<strong>de</strong>n Ozgur Yagmur.Tunceli<br />

Hozal Ilçesi Aliören köyü Glzörü<br />

Mezras,"dakl silahh çah$madan<br />

(2000'e Dogru say' 19).<br />

Olay 2<br />

"Müslum <strong>de</strong> kemmmdaki <strong>de</strong>reye<br />

alladl. 0 allar allamaz. kendislne bu<br />

kez 15-20 melre mesale<strong>de</strong>n Orhan<br />

Astsubay larallndan ate$ açlldlglnl<br />

gördüm Ben bacaglmdan yaralanml$tlm.<br />

'Ale$ elmeyln' dlye baglrdlm.<br />

Orhan Astsubay Ikl el daha ale$ <strong>et</strong>tl<br />

Yarahyegenim Muslum Yagmur'-<br />

un yanlna kadar glltlm Kucaglma al.<br />

dim Olmüslu" Anlatan Ozgur Yagmur<br />

Tuncell Hozat Ilcesi Alloren koyu.<br />

G,ZOZUmezras' 12000'e Dogru<br />

say' 19)<br />

ml?<br />

Olay 3<br />

"Komulan, yuzbaslya labancaslnl<br />

çlkanp bqna dogrulltugunu. sonra<br />

kUf$unula$maz dlyerek askerler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

G-3 tüfegi istemey' dusündügünü<br />

anlattl." Anlatan: 8ingol'e in$aatmalzemesi<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irip leronst sanllarak gözallma<br />

allnan Aydin Konar (2oo0'e<br />

Dogru saYI 43)<br />

Olay 4<br />

"Ate$ elmeYln. biz koyluyüz, biz<br />

yolcuyuz diVe baglrdlk. Jandarma<br />

mevzl<strong>de</strong>n blzi hiç dlnleme<strong>de</strong>n üzerimize<br />

geldi Bir yandan ate$ edlyordu.<br />

Bir<strong>de</strong>n Kazlm'In <strong>de</strong>vrildlgini gördüm."<br />

Anlatan: Ayn' olayda yaralanan<br />

Kamber Surücu Kazlm Demirlas'm<br />

6lümü, Eiazig Karakoçan ilçesi,<br />

Feraç koyu (2000'e Dogru saYI<br />

43)<br />

Olay 5<br />

"Karakol Basçavusu. Sertkaya'ya<br />

alumun<strong>de</strong>n once .Senl eltmlz<strong>de</strong>n<br />

kimse alamaz, sen Kendlnlolmus CIl.<br />

arllk yasamlyorsun. BIZ<strong>de</strong>vi<strong>et</strong>lz. BI'<br />

ze klmse kan~amaz. ama biz Istediglmizl<br />

yapanz. Bizim elimiz<strong>de</strong> yelki<br />

var' diyordu."Anlalan: H .G. 19KaSlm<br />

1982'<strong>de</strong> gözaltma .allnan Hüseyin<br />

Sertkaya'nln 21 Kaslm'da ç,lümü<br />

(2OO0'e Dogru saYI 32),<br />

Olay 6<br />

Tunceli Süllüce bUl;agl". Be$ klz<br />

arkada$ çe$me basmda konu$uyorlar.<br />

Bir<strong>de</strong>n karakoldan ales açlltyor.<br />

Klzlardan iklsl yaralamyor."Nöbel Slraslnda<br />

silahl kaza sonucu ate$<br />

alml$" <strong>de</strong>nerek blr er luluklanlYor<br />

(2000'e Dogru saYI 19)<br />

Belge<br />

"Terör ve bölücülüge kar$1 blraz<br />

da gaddar olmak gereklidlr. Kar~llImlz<br />

bir gerilla ml? Biz <strong>de</strong> ona kar$1<br />

onun laklikleri ile sava$mahYlz Kallesçe<br />

yapllmakta olan bir i$in uste.<br />

Sin<strong>de</strong>n gelebilmek lçln bazen gayrlflIzaml.<br />

gaddar ve gerekirse kalle$çe<br />

davranmak gereklyor"<br />

Eskl PKKïl yem lliralçlnln <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e<br />

onerllenn


DEVAM ~<br />

AYDIN GÜRKAN -<br />

Yargl y<strong>et</strong>kisi güvenlik güçlerine blraklhyor<br />

PKK'nin eylemlerine dikkatle<br />

bakmak gercklldlr. Bu ey-<br />

!emlerin amael yöre halklnl<br />

kendileri içln kazanmak <strong>de</strong>gildlr<br />

Çunku PKK, Inanilmaz bir aelmaslzhkla,<br />

ozelhkle Kendi soyda~la.<br />

MI katl<strong>et</strong>mektedir. PKK, bu katliam.<br />

Ian ne<strong>de</strong>niyle kendisine kar$1 da bir<br />

kin ve husum<strong>et</strong> dalgaslnln dogaeag,nl<br />

elbelte bilmekte va hesaplamak.<br />

tadtr. Ama buna ragmen masum in.<br />

sanlan öld ürmeyi surdu rmektedirler.<br />

Bence PKK' ntn ac,mas,z kitle kat.<br />

Iiamlanndaki temel amael, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>i tela$a<br />

kapt'rtmak 'le <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e gl<strong>de</strong>rilemez<br />

yanh$llklar ve hatalar yapllrtmaktlr.<br />

Eger <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in goziJ yalnlzca<br />

blr avuç terorls! grubu g6rür ve dovl<strong>et</strong><br />

tüm ka rar ve davran Islarlnda yalntzea<br />

onlan .. 'Itlal elmeYI" Ön plana<br />

ahrsa, bunun dogal sonueu masum<br />

haikin kor unmaSlnln unutulmasl, Ihmal<br />

cdtlmesl ve hatta bunlann zarara<br />

ugramaslna aldlrmazllk ve kaYltslzhk<br />

göslen Imesidir Bence <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong><br />

hiçbir zaman kendlni salt blr "antilerör<br />

liml" 0larak'g6rmemeli ve halkin,<br />

<strong>de</strong>vle!1 salt bir savasGI örgùt al a-<br />

rak algllamaslna ne<strong>de</strong>n olmamahdlr.<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>, aS11islevir.in yurlta$lnl koruma<br />

'le güven altlnda bulundurma 0:'<br />

dugunu hiç unutmamahdlr. Çünkü<br />

b,r sorumSliz 'le yasadl$1 silahh grubun<br />

yuzleree insa,'ll öldürmesi kenri/slnd"n<br />

beklenebillr ama, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in<br />

hu lek 'vd rttaSIr.a klymast, 0 <strong>de</strong>vle!<br />

IGIn çok Ylpriltici sonuGlar dogurabi-<br />

Ilr PKK da bunu btldlgl IÇIn. <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>l<br />

telasa kapl,rlel büyùk kltle eylemlenne<br />

yonelryol ve 'stiyor kl. <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>. huku~,<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>l ,Ikelennl ve Insan canlnln<br />

ne pahaslna olursa olsun korunma.<br />

SI görevinl t'?las lçin<strong>de</strong> Ihmal <strong>et</strong>sl!) ve<br />

böylece <strong>de</strong>vlèl-halk yabancilasmasi<br />

dogsun. PKK vanltlan b,lmektedlrler<br />

Ki, kendileri ne ölçü<strong>de</strong> aClmaslzhk<br />

gösterirlerse, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in kendisinin <strong>de</strong><br />

hukuk dl~1 bir aelmaslzhk tuzaglna<br />

dÜ$mesi olaslhgl 0 ölçü<strong>de</strong> artar. ,Bu<br />

ne<strong>de</strong>nle bu ölçü<strong>de</strong> ae,maslz davranlyorlar<br />

ve zaman zaman <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>i <strong>de</strong><br />

ayn' ölçü<strong>de</strong> aClmaslzhga zorluyorlar,<br />

Örne(lin <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in bir sllahh çatl$ma.'<br />

da öldürdüQü insanlar, dakikalarca<br />

TV'<strong>de</strong> göstermesi, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in bOylesi.<br />

ne lm aClmas,zhk tuzaQ,na pekala<br />

dÜ$ebileeegini göstermektedir, Dev.<br />

l<strong>et</strong>, bir insanl, bu insan kesln olarak<br />

suçlu bile ols a öldürmemeye ve va.<br />

sam,nl koruyarak cezaland,rmaya<br />

büyük çaba göstermelidir, Ama eger<br />

"öldürmekten" bas ka çare kalm'yor.<br />

sa, hiç <strong>de</strong>gilse bunu bir güç gösteri-<br />

SI saYlp teshir <strong>et</strong>me aClmaslzllglnt<br />

yapmamahdlr Bu belkl geçiei blr korku<br />

ve ürkLin'tü verir, ama koruyueu<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> imajlnl çok ze<strong>de</strong>ler. Devl<strong>et</strong> koruyueu<br />

<strong>de</strong>gil, korkutucu oldu mu, blr<br />

süre sonra halkla <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> yabaneila$masl<br />

dogar, çünkü korku duygusu<br />

"öz<strong>de</strong>$lesmeye" <strong>de</strong>gil "yabanellasmaya"<br />

kaynaKltk e<strong>de</strong>r.<br />

PKK ile yapllan müea<strong>de</strong>le<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>v.<br />

l<strong>et</strong>in nasrl hatalara yöneitilebileeegl'<br />

nln örnekleri~<strong>de</strong>n biri <strong>de</strong> elim<strong>de</strong> bulunan<br />

t:'lr belge<strong>de</strong> görülebiltr. Bu<br />

belge<strong>de</strong> :1~lyön<strong>et</strong>im komutanllgl, ilgililere<br />

örgüt elemanlanntn "yakalanip<br />

'Ie öldürülmesl" için emir Glkarlmakladlr.<br />

Emir, aGlkça "yakala<br />

6ldur" diyo!. Yakalanlp biduruleeek<br />

alan da, "bölLieLi ve Ylklel orgut<br />

elemanlan'; K:mln "bblucü ve yrklcr<br />

örgut eleman l'' oldugunun bellrlenmesl<br />

y<strong>et</strong>klsi rse, bu ernlrle dolayl: olarak<br />

guverltk gLiçlenne brrakrl:yor<br />

Böyle blr durumda blrçok masum ve<br />

suçsuz insanln bölueu ve Ylkler örgül<br />

elemanl sanrlarak "yakalanma-<br />

SI ve öldürülrnesi" ad<strong>et</strong>a kaçtnrlmaz<br />

~ Aydm Gurkan<br />

blr "kaza" haline gelryor Ne yazlk kr.<br />

bu l'JI "yanlrSllklara" çok rastlanmaktadrr<br />

Guvenltk gùçlennln, bölLicLi<br />

ve Ylklel brgut elemanlannln Kim<br />

oldugunun takdlrinr kendlsl yaparak,<br />

öldürme eezaslnl kendrsinrn verebllmesi,<br />

ku~kusuz güvenlik güçlerinin<br />

halk tarallndan koruyucu ve guvenlik<br />

saglaYler güçler olarak <strong>de</strong>gil <strong>de</strong>,<br />

kendllertnl her an brr yanlrsltga<br />

"kurban" e<strong>de</strong>bileeek, korkutucu<br />

güçler olm aSI sonueun u dogurabrlir<br />

Bu Ise, PKK'YI Istedlgl he<strong>de</strong>fe daha<br />

rahat ulastlrlr 0 da sudur' "Ben <strong>de</strong><br />

61dùrLiyorum ama, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> ben<strong>de</strong>n<br />

pek farkll <strong>de</strong>gll 0 da blduruyor" Bu<br />

ne<strong>de</strong>nle çok gùç ko~ullar alt:nda hlzm<strong>et</strong><br />

<strong>et</strong>tlg,n: brldlglmlz guvenllk guç.<br />

lenm,zln. kosullarln guçlugune ragmen,<br />

ne pahaslna olursa olsun. koruyucu.<br />

guven saglaYlcl, hukllk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>lne<br />

sonuna <strong>de</strong>k bagll, kailci ve Insan<br />

canlnl korumaYI temel he<strong>de</strong>l sa-<br />

YICInlteilklertn<strong>de</strong> ze<strong>de</strong>lenmeye ugramamasi<br />

son <strong>de</strong>rece önemltdlr. Ba~an<br />

da buyuk olçu<strong>de</strong> buna bagildrr<br />

~iRiN DOGAN'IN<br />

YARALANMASI<br />

'Ne<strong>de</strong>n vuruldum anlama.dlm'<br />

, Dev,<strong>et</strong>m landarmasi ve polisinin gö-<br />

. relli, insanlann ean güvenligini saglamak<br />

olmalt, ama burada tam tersi oluyor.<br />

Niye vuruldugumu anlamadlm ha-<br />

Ien. Ne<strong>de</strong>n böyle davranryorlar.'<br />

Hozal ilçesinin Tas,tli köyü d1kis nakl~<br />

kursu ägrelmeni $irin Dogan'tn yaz latili<br />

bitmi~tir. 14 Eylül günü görev ba~1<br />

yapmak için yola Ç1kar Kendisi <strong>de</strong> yak,n<br />

kbyler<strong>de</strong>n birr alan Stn köyün<strong>de</strong>ndir. Yolda<br />

yalntz kalmamak içtn yanlna ameasln,n<br />

oglu Bilai Dagan', ahr.<br />

r


~A.PO'CUlARIN içY~Q_.~ MERKEl ~?MiTESi ÜYElERi ANlATIYOR<br />

, IIPKK cöküyor"<br />

~.... ~ , ....<br />

29. 11 . 1987<br />

r<br />

çogunlugu üst çlüzey YÖn~.ticil~.rind~n Oll:!$an100 dolaYlnda PKKIl, orgutten<br />

kacarak Irak ve Iran'daki Kurt ko lenne slgln.dl..__ .. _ . __ " .... _. ._.. _<br />

di. hte bizim gerçegimiz bu. Ba$- veremezdlm <strong>de</strong> ... Oaha soma ~K<br />

"PKK'dan kaçmalar bu hlz!a <strong>de</strong>- Partiye inanarak girdigini ve i<strong>de</strong>- ka ne anlataYlm sana. Ne<strong>de</strong>n ola- üyesi ~ehmus arkadas. 3.s~at bemmvam<br />

e<strong>de</strong>rse çok sürme<strong>de</strong>n bu hare- olojik aYr/ltgl olmadlglm söyleyen rak da yakalanabilir ve slgmakla- le konustu. Ne <strong>de</strong>?lglnI .anlamak<strong>et</strong><br />

daglltr. " Besey ltmeç ise, Il y,ll,k parti ya- rm yerini gösterebilir <strong>de</strong>nildi. Bu dim, ne kai ne <strong>de</strong> glt <strong>de</strong>dI. Som~-<br />

PKK'mn eski askeri sorumlusu $amml $öy/e öz<strong>et</strong>liyordu: "Simdi partinin ba$mda Apo oldugu süre- dan anladlm k.l 0 da kaçmaYI du-<br />

Nebez, kendisiyle Irak daglarmda ne<strong>de</strong>nini söyleyemeyecegim özel bir ce hiçbir $ey yapllamaz. " sünüyormus. ~lmdl kaçtlgm.l d~.ö~görü$en<br />

Nokta muhabirine bunla- olaydan dolaYI bana kU$kuyla bak- PKK'dan kaçanlarm ortak kam-. rendirn. Ben <strong>de</strong> kaçl1m. Gördugun<br />

söylerken bir hayli heyecanltydl. maya ba$ladllar. Bu olaydan son- SI, kaçl$1arm durmayacagl ve gi<strong>de</strong>-: nüz gihi saklanmaya çahS.lYoru~.<br />

PKK'dan kaçl$mm üzerin<strong>de</strong>n bir ra tam. üç YII'.l!artiye kendimi ka- rek artacagl yolundaydl. Ancak bu, : Nokta: Son Ylllarda. ~Irçok ust<br />

Ylla a$km bir zaman geçmesine kar-. bul <strong>et</strong>ttrmek lçm canla ba$la çall$- PKK'mn bir anda çöküp daglilve-', düzey arkadasmlz, partmlz tarafm-<br />

$m yine <strong>de</strong> korkuyor, fazla konu$- tIm. Ama onla~ bana hep' ku~kuJ!.-. recegi anlamma d~ gelmem~liYdi. :dan öldürüldü. Bunlara karS' çlkmak<br />

istemiyordu. Aym durumda la bakt/lar. B~".,6 ay Irak t~ bl~ko.- i Çünkü Abdullah Ocalan 'm matçl-! mlyor muY.dunuz~ . .<br />

olan, Jran ve Irak'taki Kürt parti- ye btraklP c.ldlyo~lardl. DII bllml- i llgl konusunda hepsi hemfikirdi.: Sema\'i:Olme~ ISl1~orsan çlka~llerine<br />

ya da Kürt köylerine sIgman yordum, klmseYI tammlYo~~u,!" : Korkulan, çökü$ kayglSlyla kanll! lirsin tabll. Aksl mumkun ~egll,<br />

100 dolaymda PKK'lmm varllgml B~na ragmen çall$mala~',,!,surd~r- ; eylemlerin daha dafütursuz bir bi-: Zaten kims~ k!mseye ~üv~nmIYor.<br />

ögrenen Nokta muhabiri onlara dum. Daha sonr~ part/mn yaZI '~- : çime dönü$mesiydi. :Aynl seylen hlss<strong>et</strong>se.m.z .blle soyleulapnak<br />

için yöreye gitmÎ$ti. Ancak lerin~ ~/dl/~r bem. Fa~a~.b?na gu- PKK'nm içyüzünü, stradan in-: yemezsiniz. Söyledlgmlz sey ne<br />

ula$maYI ba$ardlgl insanIarm bir v~nslz!lkler/ <strong>de</strong>~am <strong>et</strong>tigllçm~. dak~ i sanlan oldugu kadar kendi "yol-: olursa olsun, 0 yu.kan.ya rapor <strong>et</strong>bölümü<br />

öldürülecekleri korkusuy- tllo J:azarken bIle ba$lmda nob<strong>et</strong>çl: da$"larml da he<strong>de</strong>falan kanlayog-: me<strong>de</strong>n sen <strong>et</strong>melism kI kurtulasm.<br />

la konu$maya yana$mayacaklardl. bekllyordu. Sonunda dayanama-. rulmu$ yaplS/m en iyi bilenler<strong>de</strong>n: Yoksa ya alan olursun, ya da ha-<br />

Bu ölüm korkusuna .ragmen dIm, kaçmak zorunda kaldlm. Su: biri <strong>de</strong> Hacl Abdülkerim Sema- in.<br />

Nokta muhabirinin üst düzey<strong>de</strong> gö- halime bakm, beni gören tan/ya- i vi'ydi. ! Uzun zaman bunlar düzelir diye<br />

rev yapml$ birçok PKK militam, maz. Korkunç bir durumdaYlm.'" Uzun Ylllar üst düzey yön<strong>et</strong>iCil bekledim. Zaten yumusak karakgerçegin<br />

ortaya çlkmasl için konu$- Kendisine yöneltilen "PKK'nm son. olarak çall$an Apo 'yla omuz omu- terli biriyil11.0 sert iliskileri her zamaYI<br />

göze alacak ve örgüt hakkm- durumu ne~ir?".sorusuna "Fazla I za merkez komitesi üyeligi yapan! man yumu}atmaya çali~lIm. Mesela<br />

da önemli aÇlklamalarda buluna- konu$mak Istemlyorum •.J(açmam i ancak daha sonra parti için<strong>de</strong>ki öl-! ni}anh iki genç vardl, dlger pesmercaklardl.<br />

onlara en büyük darbedir'.' diyecek : dünne olaylarma, çocuklarm ve ka- igeler<strong>de</strong>n farkh davranamazlardl.<br />

PKK Merkez Komite üyesi Seh- ve bir daha da konu$mak lstemeye- : dmlarm katledilmesine kar~'1çlktl": Ben bunlarlll durumunu görünce<br />

mus kod adb Sahismail AI, birlik- cekri... i gl için göz<strong>de</strong>n dÜ$efl ve 1987 Ylbn-: üZi.Ilüyor, flrsat buldukça onlan<br />

te kaçtlgl Zeynep kod adll Besey Jt- Salah kod adml kullanan bir di- : da kaçarak Irak Kürt partilerine Sl-: biraraya g<strong>et</strong>irmeye çahSlyordum.<br />

meç'le önce Kürt partilerine slgm- ger PKK'lt ise Irak 'm, Behdinan : gman Hacl Abdülkerim Semavi,' Tabii bu da\'rafll~lIn hoS k~rslla~maya<br />

çalt$ml$ ancak Kürt parti/eri bölgesin<strong>de</strong>ki köylere çok saYlda . Nokta muhabirinin sorular/nt ya-: mlyor. oponünizm olarak flItelefllkabul<br />

<strong>et</strong>meyince çareyi Jran istih- PKK '{mm aileleri ile birlikte slgm- . nttladl. ! yordu. Süreç içerisin<strong>de</strong> birçok seyi<br />

baratma slgmmakta bulmu$tu. dlglnt, bir klSlm PKK'lmm ise sos- : : tasvip <strong>et</strong>memeye baslamlSlIm. Ama<br />

Tuncelili oldugunu söyleyen Sahis- yalist parti<strong>de</strong>n aYr/lan Kadir Aziz '- i Nokta: Üç aydlr Irak Kürt par-! hiçbir seyi açlk açlk dile g<strong>et</strong>irmemail<br />

AI, kaçl$1konusunda $unlan in yanmda oldugunu söyleyerek, : tilerinin yamnda ya~lyorsunuz'l' dim. Bu durum onlarIn göanlatlyordu.<br />

"Parti<strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>olojik ay- $öy{ediyordu: "Kaçmak zorunda- i PKK'dan ne<strong>de</strong>n kaçlIgInlzl anlatlr zün<strong>de</strong>n kaçmlyordu. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />

r/llklar/mlZ vardl. BaZI ~?runlarm yml. Ç~nkü !'~p~/an~ar~d~yanmak : mISInIZ~ .' .' I tam ü~ .kez äzelestiri v~r~im, ~u<br />

çözülmesi inanclyla bugune kadar mumkun <strong>de</strong>glldl. Turklye <strong>de</strong> kam-, Semavl: Sllahl~nn gölgesmd.e ya- , özeleSl1nler<strong>de</strong> hep kendlmlze kufbekledim.<br />

Ancak süreç içerisin<strong>de</strong> plmlZ olmadlgl için bütün yükümü- pilan 86 kongresm<strong>de</strong>n soma birçok rediyorduk. Okuldan Kemalizm'i,<br />

onlarm $üphelerini çektim. Bu a$a- zü slrlml/zda ta$lyor~uk. 25-50 ki- isey daha n~t bir biçim<strong>de</strong> açlga çlk- ailemiz<strong>de</strong>n kyçük burjuva has.tah:<br />

madan sonra on/arm arasmda kal- Inluk -"uk. Kolay <strong>de</strong>~11ta$lmak. Sa- ! tl. Ondan once <strong>de</strong> rahatslzhklanm I 'gml, çevremlz<strong>de</strong>n Ise oportufllzml<br />

mam gi<strong>de</strong>rek zorla$lyordu. Aynca atlerce yürüyoruz: Böyle bir yürü-I \'ardl benim. 1984 yJlmda Ulu<strong>de</strong>re'- Ialdlglmlzl söyleyerek özelestiri yaparti<br />

içerisin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mokrasinin olma- ü$te bir pe$merge yoruldugu için <strong>de</strong> çocuk ve kadmlann öldürülme- Plyorduk. Aym sey herkes için ge-<br />

Y'$', ele$tiri-özele$tirinin olmaYI$1 özümüzün önün<strong>de</strong> kur$una dizil- si üzerine Apo'ya çlkmlS, bu eyle- çerliydi. Apo'nun kartSl Kesire bib.<br />

'b I k kt min yanhs oldugunu, halktan tep- le üç kez özelestiri verdi. Apo'nun<br />

IZI u ayn I no asma .. I .. 0 did . 'b' d d


.. DEVAH<br />

NokIa: Bu durumu kendi aramlda<br />

konu~muyor muydu~uz?<br />

Sema\'i: Kim konu$acak. zaten<br />

herkcs birbirin<strong>de</strong>n korkuyor.<br />

NokIa: Peki parli kendi ü~'esi<br />

birçok insam ne<strong>de</strong>n öldürtsün, ne<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bö\'le bir ~eye ba~vursun?<br />

Sem~vi: Parti ayakta kah$lm surekli<br />

disiplin \oe korkuyla sa~hyor,<br />

KeSlfe- ~Imdl tutu/(/u<br />

özellikle yeni geienIer, olanlardan<br />

haberli <strong>de</strong>gillerdir. Aksi takdir<strong>de</strong><br />

bir kaç ki~i dl~lI1da kimseyi bulamazsmlz<br />

0 parti<strong>de</strong>. Ben <strong>de</strong> birçok<br />

ölüm ve i~kence olayma tamk al.<br />

dum. Bir insan göz<strong>de</strong>n dü~tü mil.<br />

artlk ölilmu yakm <strong>de</strong>mektir. Bir<br />

gün pe~mergeler<strong>de</strong>n biri hata y~pml~t\.<br />

Onun cezasml vermek lçl.n,<br />

gözü kör bir arkada$l görevlendlr.<br />

diler. 0 da rasgele vurarak, çocugu<br />

öldürdü. Sonra da hayr<strong>et</strong>le<br />

"Aaa, öldü" <strong>de</strong>di. tnsan ya~aml<br />

böylesine önemsizdi ...<br />

Nokta: Bunlan yapanlar kim?<br />

Kendi arkad~larma böyle bir ~eyi<br />

nasll yaplyor.1ar?<br />

Semavi: Adam ml yak? Bu i$ler<br />

için birçok kasap var. Zaten kim öl.<br />

dürürüm, keserim diyorsa 0 yuka-<br />

Tlyükseliyor. Cemil BaYlk, Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Kesip tam bu i~lerin adamlan. Bu<br />

ikisi bir bölgeye geldiklerin<strong>de</strong> herkes<br />

korkudan titremeye b3.$hyordu.<br />

"Acaba hangimizi götUrecekler?"<br />

diye ... Mutlaka birilerini götürür-<br />

1er ve kimse bir $ey diyemezdi.<br />

Nokta: Bunlar yapdtrken siz <strong>de</strong><br />

onlarla birllkteydiniz. Suçluluk du-<br />

~'uyor musunuz?<br />

Semav'i: Duymaz olur muyuz?<br />

Hepimizin bu olanlarda suçu var.<br />

Ama artlk i$ i~ten geçmi$. Su anda<br />

bile bu olanlan tasvip <strong>et</strong>meyen çok<br />

saYlda insan var. Ama kaçamlyorlar.<br />

Su and a ko~kmasa":l'. güvencern<br />

olsa harekeu çökerunm. Çogumuz<br />

ne yapacaglmlZl bilmiyoruz.<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>e <strong>de</strong> leslim olmak istemiyoruz.<br />

~okla: !;lu aoda kaçml~ olanlann<br />

sa\'lSI nedir, biliyor musunuz?<br />

~e~avi: Ben üç aydlr kaça~ ya-<br />

~lyorum. Irak Kürt partilennm yanmda<br />

17-18 ki~i oldugunu biliyorum.<br />

Ama partilerin kabul <strong>et</strong>medikleri<br />

daha çoktur. Onlar da kendilerini<br />

tamyan köylülere slgmml~lar.<br />

NokIa: Suriye'nin PKK'YI kullandlgl,<br />

koz olarak tuttugu söyleoi~'or.<br />

Siz ne dü~ünüyorsunuz bu<br />

konuda?<br />

Semavi: Vallahi kimin eline flrsat<br />

geçse kullanmaya çah$IYor.<br />

Bence önemli olan yaptlklandlr.<br />

PKK'mn 80 öncesi yaptlklaTl da ortadadlr.<br />

0 zaman da Suriye mi<br />

vardl?<br />

Nokta: Cç a~'dlr kaçak y~adlglnazI<br />

söylüyorsunuz. Öldüriilmekten<br />

korkuyor musunuz?<br />

Semavi: Korkmak ne kelime, çlldlracaglm<br />

nere<strong>de</strong>yse... 11k bir ay<br />

inanm uyuyamadlm. Gölgem<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bile korkuyordum. Her ses duyu-<br />

$umda her klplrtl da "t~te geldiler"<br />

diye korkudan titriyordum. Ashnda<br />

ölmekten falan korktugum yok,<br />

ama yine <strong>de</strong> korkuyorum i$te ...<br />

Çok ~ey var anlatllacak, ama kafam<br />

hiç rahat <strong>de</strong>gil. Konu$urken bile<br />

birçok $eyi unutuyorum. Bir örgUt<br />

<strong>de</strong>steklese beni gi<strong>de</strong>r birçok insam<br />

kurtarmm. Ama yok böyle bir<br />

örgUt.<br />

Nokta: Geriye dönüp baktlglnazda<br />

partinin durumunu nasd <strong>de</strong>gerlendiriyorsunuz?<br />

Semavi: Ben parti <strong>de</strong>miyorum.<br />

En kötü parti<strong>de</strong> bile, kendi ölçUleri<br />

için<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mokratik bir i$leyi$ olur.<br />

Ama bu parti<strong>de</strong> hiçbir $ey yok. Bu<br />

parti olsa olsa Mafya türü bir örgüt<br />

olur. Çünkü kim ne zaman y<strong>et</strong>kilidir,<br />

kim ne zaman görev<strong>de</strong>n ahmr<br />

bilinmez. Her ~eyi Apo bilir, 0<br />

okuldan <strong>et</strong>kilenmemi$tir, 0 ailesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

<strong>et</strong>kilenmemi$tir, 0 çevresin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

<strong>et</strong>kilenmemi$, çelik disiplinli bir<br />

proleIerdir (!)<br />

Nokta: Bu kadar insamn kaçmasmdan<br />

sonra PKK içiD çökü~ sürecini<br />

ya$lyor diyebilir miyiz?<br />

Sema\i: Ev<strong>et</strong>, bir anJamda çöküyor<br />

diyebilirim. Ancak $U da var;<br />

Apo'nun bu i$ten vazgeçmesi<br />

mümkün <strong>de</strong>gil. Ülke<strong>de</strong>n kadro bulmasl<br />

gi<strong>de</strong>rek zorl3.$lyor. Son bir ylldir<br />

Kars ve Agn'dan büyük kadro<br />

gelmi$ti. Simdi oralardan da gelmiyor.<br />

Tek kaynak Avrupa'daki<br />

Kürtler aruk. Bir <strong>de</strong> küçük çocuklar<br />

var, 10-12 ya$mda. Özel olarak<br />

Lübnan'da egitiliyorlar. Bunlar ge.<br />

li~meleri bilmedigi için bu i~ bir<br />

müdd<strong>et</strong> daha <strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>r.<br />

MAHMUT ÖVÜR'ÜN iRAN GÜNCESi<br />

"Kursuna<br />

#<br />

10 EYLÜLGürbulak gümrük kaplsmdan<br />

tran tarafma geçiyor ve<br />

Urumiye'ye dogru yola çlklyorum.<br />

11 EYLÜL Urumiye beni $a~lrtlvor.<br />

Stmr ~ehri olmasma kar$m, sa-<br />

~'a~m izinc rastlayamlyorum. Herkes<br />

i~in<strong>de</strong> gücün<strong>de</strong>, cad<strong>de</strong>ler insan-<br />

Ia dolu, ..<br />

12 EYLÜL Kahvaltldan herrien<br />

sonra Kürdistan Demokratik Halk<br />

Parti si Sckr<strong>et</strong>eri Sami Abdurrah-<br />

29.11.1987<br />

dizecekler beni!..Il<br />

15 EYLÜL Irak Kürdistam'na hyorum. Üç1incü gün onlan bir evdogru<br />

yola çlklyoruz. Smm geçtik- <strong>de</strong> buIuyorum. Ancak araya bu kez<br />

ten soma yeni aç1lan yolu izliyoruz. Iran istihbaratl da giriyor. Fazla<br />

Yol bitiyor. yürümeye ba~hyoruz, konu~amlyorum. Ve bu iki ki$i zo-<br />

Önce IKDP'nin kampma ugruyo. runlu olarak iran istihbarauna Slruz.<br />

Kamp çok kalabahk. Pe$mer- glmyor!ar.<br />

geler aileleri ile birlikte ya$lyorlar. ..<br />

Bu kampm yamba$mda da pastar- 25 EYLUL Ak$ama dogru otele<br />

lann Humeyni'nin askcrleri kampI, 1 döndügüm<strong>de</strong>. odamm Ko~ite tara-<br />

. . t 8 ani ve Celai Talaban var. .. !fmdan basll?l~ml ögrem~o~um.<br />

Nokta muhabln basta Mesu arz Yanm saat soma yem blr kam-: Bütün filmlenml ve kas<strong>et</strong>lenml ahp<br />

olmak üzere kimi Kürt Ii<strong>de</strong>rleriyle ve ~KK'.~a~. , pa, Halk Partisi'nin kampma geli-lgitmi$ler. Ertesi gün filmlerimi geaynlanlarla<br />

görüsmek amaClyl


DEVl\M<br />

5 EKiM tstihbarat'tan AgaYI Taki<br />

beni ararm~. Ögle<strong>de</strong>n soma Halk<br />

Partisi'nin bürosunda bulu~uyoruz.<br />

Bir saat yine sorgulamyorum. Filmlerimi<br />

geri veriyor. Veriyor ama<br />

hepsi <strong>de</strong> yak1lml~ ... AgaYI Taki, 48<br />

saat içerisin<strong>de</strong> ülkeyi terk <strong>et</strong>mem<br />

gerektigini söyleyerek ~öyle diyor:<br />

"~imdi pasaportunu bize vereceksin,<br />

yann saat g'<strong>de</strong> pasaportun elin<strong>de</strong><br />

olaeak ve 0 saatten itibaren 48<br />

saat için<strong>de</strong> ülkeyi terk e<strong>de</strong>ceksin.<br />

ken sorgucunun sesini duyuyorum:<br />

"Saklll ha ... bir ~ey yapmaya<br />

kalkma" diye uyanyor beni .<br />

Bulundugumuz yeri terk edince<br />

gözlerimi açlyoriar. Urumiye'nin<br />

"Merkez" <strong>de</strong>nilen meydanma gidiyoruz.<br />

0 gün Amerika Btiytikelçiligi'nin<br />

üniversiteli ögrenciler tarafmdan<br />

iSgal edilisinin YI) dönümü<br />

kutIamyor. Yalllmda istihbarattan<br />

iki kisi var. Uwn uzun tran'! anlaatlyor.<br />

Buna bir anlam veremiyorum<br />

"Neier oluyor, ne yaplyorsunuz?"<br />

diye soruyorum. Gestapo<br />

surath "Ü~ürsün" diyor. HaYlr <strong>de</strong>meye<br />

kalmadan üçü birlikte beni<br />

parkaya sararak hlzla kar~1 binaya<br />

geçiriyorlar. 0 klsa süre<strong>de</strong>, dl~aflda<br />

beni bekleyenlerin duymasl için<br />

bagmyorum, ama sonuç <strong>de</strong>gismiyor.<br />

ArtIk <strong>de</strong>mir parmakhkh nezar<strong>et</strong>hanenin<br />

için<strong>de</strong>yim. Üzerim<strong>de</strong>ki her<br />

~eyi, kerner dahil ahyorlar. Ve <strong>de</strong>-<br />

7 EKiM Artlk pasaportsuzum. mir kapIYI üzerime kilitleyerek hlzla<br />

~ehrin için<strong>de</strong> fazla dola~mamaya uzakla~lyorlar. Yapayalmz kahyoçah~lyorum.<br />

Arama kahveci Eli: rum. Pasaportunu verecegiz diye<br />

Amca'mn semaver çaYlm içmeye, çaglrmlslar ve hiçbir ~ey söylemearaslra<br />

da istanbul'a telefon <strong>et</strong>me- <strong>de</strong>n tutuklaml~lardl beni. Akhm alye<br />

çlklyorum. mlyordu bunu. Üstelik bugün 29<br />

Ekim Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong> bayraml, ak~a-<br />

10 EKiM Pasaportu alamadlglm ma konsoloslukta kutlama var. Büiçin<br />

konsolosluga basvurmak zo- tün <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> erkâm orada olacak. Bu<br />

runda kahyorum. Pasaportumun ne<strong>de</strong>nle "beni ahkoyamazlar" dine<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ahndlgml, neler yaptIglml kl- yorum, ama "ya ahkoyarlarsa!"<br />

saca anlatlyorum. Ak~am yemegi- Ku~una diziliyorum. DI~andan<br />

ne kalmaml söylüyorlar. gelen gürültüyle, kar~lmda yatak-<br />

Yukan, yemek salonuna Çlk1yO- lanna uzanan, sohb<strong>et</strong> e<strong>de</strong>n askerruz.<br />

Yemek masaSI çok güzel hazlr- 1er kur~un gibi flrlaYlp silahlanna<br />

lanml~, soguk mezeier, Izgara kM- yöneliyorlar. Silahlm kapan dlsan<br />

te ve iran'da olabilecegi dü~ünüle- çlklYOr. Askerler dl~ kapmm önümeyecek<br />

bir ~ey: Asian sütü ... Ma- ne tek ma dizilmi~ler. Demir parsaya<br />

oturuyoruz. Teypten Ruhi: makhklann arasmdan onlan izliyo-<br />

Su'nun 0 gür sesi yükseliyor. SaSI~' rum. Askerler elleri t<strong>et</strong>ikte beklinyorum.<br />

"istersen Zülfü'<strong>de</strong> var" yorlar. Ve tamdlk gestapo surath<br />

diyorlar. Akhmdan "uygar. astsubay, dört askerle birlikte buca"<br />

sorguya çekilecegim geçiyor. lundugum nezar<strong>et</strong>haneye dogru ko-<br />

Masamn tek konusu Kürt sorunu: ~arak yakla~IYor. .. Akhm ve duy-<br />

Ka<strong>de</strong>hler kalktIkça, farkh suçlama- gulanm karmakan~lk. Neye ugralarla<br />

kar~rla~lyorum. Müthi~ huzur- dlglml ~a~myorum. Bütün ya~asuz<br />

oluyorum. Gaz<strong>et</strong>eei olarak ha- mim bir film ~eridi gibi gözlerimin<br />

ber pesin<strong>de</strong> oldugumu söylüyorum, önün<strong>de</strong>n geçiyor. Gözlerim baglaama<br />

aldlglm cevap daha çok ~a~lr- myor. ArtIk 4 kisinin arasmdaYlm.<br />

tlyor beni. "Ev<strong>et</strong>" diye söze giriyor "Tamam" diyorum, "kursuna dimasadan<br />

biri, "Ne geliyorsa mem- zeeekler beni!"<br />

lek<strong>et</strong>in ba~llla bu entelektüeIler yü_ Askerlerin önün<strong>de</strong>n ko~arcasllla<br />

zün<strong>de</strong>n geliyor. .. " geçiyoruz. Kur~una dizilmeyi atla-<br />

Tartl~maya fazla katllmak iste- tmea, biraz olsun rahathyorum,<br />

miyorum. Ama biri blraklp digeri ama ko~usturma <strong>de</strong>vam ediyor.<br />

ba~hyor: "Bu <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> onlara ne yap~ YaklaSlk 100 m<strong>et</strong>re soma hangar<br />

maml~tlr ki, okul yapmlS, yol yap- gibi bir yere girdigimizi anhyorum.<br />

h le<br />

. A d l "Ev<strong>et</strong>" diyorum, '''Burasl daha uvml~,<br />

er ~ey n var. ma a am ar<br />

aptal kar<strong>de</strong>~im. Okumuyorlar, bir gun, adamlar <strong>de</strong>li <strong>de</strong>gil ya, sehrin<br />

<strong>de</strong> kalklp ben Kürdüm diyor, Kürt- göbegin<strong>de</strong> beni kur~una dizsinler.<br />

çe konusacaglm diyor. Ben ana di- ~imdi burada sessiz sedaslz bu iSi<br />

lim Kürtçe diyen adamlll anasl- halle<strong>de</strong>cekler." Demir bir platfornl.<br />

.. " ma çlkartIp, kolumu blrak1yorlar.<br />

Arkama geçip ellerimi ~aglayaca k<br />

29 EKiM Sabahlll erken saatle- ve kur~una dizecckler. Olümle yari<br />

... iranh y<strong>et</strong>kililer gelip pasapor- samlll birbirine en yakll1 oldugu am<br />

tumu alabileeegimi, bildiriyorlar. ya~lyorum. Oglum, e~im ve annem<br />

Türk Konsoloslugu'nun iranh ter- geliyor akhma ... Ve bir ömrü bir<br />

cümam Behruz, Konsolosluk Sorö- dakikaya slgdmyorum. Fakat bir<br />

rü Cihat ve ben, hemen arabaya at- dakikanll1 sonunda yine hlZh bir bilayarak<br />

Urumiye Jandarma Hudut çim<strong>de</strong> oraYl terk ediyoruz. Bu süre<br />

Komutanhgl'na gidiyoruz. Nihay<strong>et</strong> içerisin<strong>de</strong> kimi zaman baglrarak,<br />

Türkiye'ye döneeegim diye sevinç- kimi zaman sessizee "Neier olduliyim.<br />

Aym gün Devl<strong>et</strong> Bakam Kâ- gunu, ne yapmak istediklerini" sozirn<br />

Oksay pasaporturn için girisim- ruyorum, ama hiçbiri cevap vermi<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunuyor ve olumlu yamt ah- yor.<br />

yordu. Yazlk ki, yamt dogru çlk- Askeri bir eipe bindiriliyorum,<br />

mll:yacaktl... gözlerirn hâlâ bagh. Biri sürekli<br />

. O.lüm )'olculu~u ba~hyor. Kimli- boynumdan bastlrarak, gözlerim<br />

glml kaplda blraklp, içeri giriyo- bagh oldugu hal<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>rafl görmemi<br />

rum. tri' yarl gestapo suratll bl'r astengelliyor<br />

yahut görünmemi istemisubay<br />

beni kar~rllYor. Küçük bir yor. Çok geçme<strong>de</strong>n bir yere teslim<br />

o~adél beklememi söyIüyor. Be~ da- ediliyorum.<br />

klka soma, yanlllda iki askerle bir- Biri koluma girerek daha aydllllikte<br />

geri dönüyor. Etrafa bir göz hk bir yere götürüyor, orada artlk<br />

attIktan soma asklhkta asrll parka- dl' .<br />

lardan birini alarak benim mtIma ayanamlyor, göz enml açlyorum.<br />

64 Beni götüren baglrarak üzerime<br />

çullamyor. Adamlll yüzünü görüyorum.<br />

"Bir daha yaparsan kötü<br />

olur" diye tehdit ediyor beni. Ak-<br />

~ama kadar bir kum torbasmIn üzerin<strong>de</strong><br />

oturtuyorlar. Soma biri gelip<br />

yine koluma girerek, tam Il gün<br />

geçirecegim hücreye atIyor.<br />

Hücrenin <strong>de</strong>mir kapisi yüzüme<br />

kapandlktan bir dakika soma gözlerim<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

bagl açabiliyorum, Ölmedigime<br />

inanamlyorum. Hücre<strong>de</strong> bile<br />

olsa 1~lglgörmek, küçücük peneere<strong>de</strong>n<br />

gökyüzüne bakmak umut<br />

veriyor bana ...<br />

Slfahyor. Ne<strong>de</strong>n geldigimi, neler<br />

yaptlglml ve kimlerie görü~tügümü<br />

kIsaca anlatlyorum. Sorgucu ikna<br />

olmuyor, kurulmu~ saat gibi dönüp<br />

dönüp aYlll sorulan yeni<strong>de</strong>n soruyor.<br />

ilk sorgu bir saat sürüyor. Ögle<strong>de</strong>n<br />

soma yine sorguya çlkanhyorum.<br />

Artlk her gün iki kez periyodik<br />

olarak sorguya çlkanhyorum.<br />

Sonra tekrar hücreye ...<br />

tlyorlar bana. Meydan gi<strong>de</strong>rek do.<br />

luyor. "Merg berg Amerika" slogam<br />

slk slk atIhyor. ABD bayragl<br />

ve Reagan'm kuklasl yakrlmca kitleier<br />

çrlglllla~!yor. 600 bin nüfuslu<br />

bir ~ehir için toplanan kalabahk<br />

çok az. Bugün kokakola ve bol bol<br />

sigara içiyorum. Üç saat soma geri<br />

dönüyoruz. "Niye götürdünüz?"<br />

diye soruyorum. Yamt: "Slkllmayasm<br />

diye." Yeni<strong>de</strong>n hücreye dönüyorum,<br />

çok moralim bozuluyor.<br />

Hele ak~am yeni<strong>de</strong>n i~kence tehdit-<br />

Ieri ile kar~rlaSlllca, günün hiçbir<br />

anlaml kalmlyor.<br />

30 EKiM ilk gün heyecan ve endi~e<br />

ile ne yapacaklanlll bekliyo- 9 KASIM Devrim Mahkemesi'ne<br />

rum. Kulaglm kaplda, en ufak bir çtktyorum. 11. günüm<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> aynen<br />

klplrtlYI bile can kulagl ile izliYQ- sorguya götürülür gibi ahlllyor,<br />

rum. Ayak sesleri yakla~tlkça, kal- dogru Devrim Mahkemesi'ne çlkabim<br />

IllZlalllYor. Heyecanla gÖlürü- nhyorum. Klsa bir sorgulamadan<br />

lecegim ani bekliyorum. iki gün soma taruklann dinlenmesi için bir<br />

böyle geçiyor. Yemekleri yiyemiyo- gün somaya gün veriliyor. Özgürrum.<br />

Yallllz ekmek ve su ... ilk gün lüge dogru bir adlm atml~tlm, ama ~<br />

yanlmda JO sigaram var, 9 tanesi- henüz hiçbir ~ey kesin<br />

ni 0 gün bitiriyorum. Bir sigaram <strong>de</strong>gildi. Nasll bir yarkahyor.<br />

Tam 6 gün bu sigaraYl yak- gIlama olacagml, sertl:amlyùrum.<br />

7 gün sa~ahlan ve~- best blraklhp blraklladlklen<br />

blr parça peymr veya blr mayacaglml yine bilparça<br />

yag dl~lllda hiçbir ~ey yiyemi- miyordum. Bir gün<br />

yorum.<br />

sonra Halk Partisi'nin<br />

1 KASIM Hücre<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Urumiye sorumlusu<br />

ahlllp götürülüyorum<br />

ile birIikte yine mah-<br />

ve sorgu ba~hyor.<br />

keme<strong>de</strong>ydik. Slkllltlh<br />

Sorgucu, "Nasllslll Mahmut<br />

geçen iki saatten sonra<br />

kar<strong>de</strong>s" diye ba~hyor ve iran'a ne<strong>de</strong>n<br />

pasaportum elim-<br />

geldigimi, kimlerle görü~tügümü,<br />

<strong>de</strong>ydi... Ertesi gün<br />

neler yaptlglml birbiri ardma<br />

Türk Konsolosu<br />

Tay-<br />

3 KASIM Hücre<strong>de</strong> 5. günüm ve<br />

sorgucu yine karSImda. Bu kez<br />

farkh sorularla karSlla~lyor ve artlk<br />

"casusluk"la suçlamyorum: Ardmdan<br />

ceza ve i~kence tehditleri <strong>de</strong><br />

ba~ladl. Ve ben her geee yeni<strong>de</strong>n<br />

geriye dönecek, ya~adlklanml bir<br />

bir göz<strong>de</strong>n geçirecektim.<br />

4 KASIM Hücre<strong>de</strong>ki 7. günüm<strong>de</strong><br />

ilk kez havalandlrmaya çlklYorum.<br />

Gökyüzü ne kadar güzel. ..<br />

Çok sürmüyor ama, tekrar hücre.<br />

saat JO'a dogru, hücre<strong>de</strong>n Çlkanhyorum.<br />

Ben sorgu beklerken,<br />

farkh bir teklif1e kar~lla~lyorum.<br />

"DI~an çlklp gezdirecegiz seni" diyorlar.<br />

Bir sey <strong>de</strong>miyorum, ama yine<br />

<strong>de</strong> korkuyorum. Arabaya biner-<br />

Ian izmirii ile birlikte<br />

Türkiye'ye dogru yola<br />

çlklyor ve Sero Sllllr<br />

kaplsllldan geçerek<br />

Türkiye topraklanna<br />

ayak baslyordum. Artlk<br />

yeni<strong>de</strong>n ya~amaya.<br />

b~laml~tlm... .<br />

29.11.1987


•<br />

•<br />

ITHE WAL-L STREET JOURNAL<br />

Your J"ly 13 report on the <strong>de</strong>struction rested 300 children b<strong>et</strong>ween the ages of<br />

III KurdIsh \'Il!ages by the Iraqi govern. nine and 14 In the city of Sulaimaniya to .<br />

ment scratches onl\' the surface 01 an O!!I' force from them the whereabouts of Kur.<br />

cial policy that thrëatens the very essence dish fighters or the i<strong>de</strong>ntity of family<br />

of Kurdish sUf\1vaJ In Iraq. members who supported the Kurdish resis.<br />

INstruction and <strong>de</strong>portation are not new tance movement. Amnesty noted that the<br />

tactics. SineI' 1975. three'quarters 01 a mil. whereabouts of these children had been un.<br />

hon Kurds have bfoen chased from their known until January 1987, when the bodies<br />

homes: 300,000 became refugees In Iran af. of 29 children were r<strong>et</strong>urned to their faml'<br />

ter the BarzanI revolution: more than 500.' lies ",ith visible signs of torture by electriC<br />

000 were <strong>de</strong>ported from their mountains In shock, beatings. whippings and sexual<br />

the north of the country to the arid <strong>de</strong>serts abuse-some ...,th their eyes gouged out.<br />

in the south. The intent: to dilute the con. Those who did not succumb to the torture<br />

cent ration of 3.2 million indigenous Kurds, had been executP'd. Amnesty reports that<br />

to remove the Kurdish presence from the the total numtx>r of mlssmg children may<br />

oll.rich area of Kirkuk (on Kurdish landsJ, have nsen to 450 IAmnesty <strong>Bull<strong>et</strong>in</strong>s. Feb.<br />

to shrink Kurdish ancestral lands. B<strong>et</strong>ween ruary and March 19ti71. I<br />

January and ~ovember ]985. 55,000 Kurds On July 14. 1977. In a moving address to<br />

were victimized by forcible <strong>de</strong>portation. the l'n1ted :-;a:ions. Roger BaldWin of the<br />

Thus far in ]987, ]2.500 families have been Interna lion al League lor Human Rights.<br />

forced to evacuate their villages. saId. "I shall not reelle the tragic tale of:<br />

Amnesty International regularly reports dKeptlon. diSposseSSion. <strong>de</strong>portation. hu',<br />

the d<strong>et</strong>ention, torture, execution and disap- mlliatlon and forcM labor mfllcted on'<br />

pearances that have become the Kurdish some 300.000 Kurds ... In an apparent el.;<br />

way of life-and <strong>de</strong>ath-in Iraq. Accordmg fort to annIhilate the KurdIsh <strong>et</strong>hOiC group ~<br />

to Amnesty. b<strong>et</strong>ween August and October In Iraq .... " I<br />

]983. 8.000 Kurds 10 the Barzan area disap- That was a <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong> ago un<strong>de</strong>r the reo :<br />

peared. ResI<strong>de</strong>nts aged nine to!lS were ar. gime that sull holds the reIgns of power. I<br />

rested. and entIre families packed into mil. VERABUl'DI~ S.U:EDPOlll<br />

itary trucks and driven to southern <strong>de</strong>serts DirKtor. The Kurdish Program<br />

after being para<strong>de</strong>d as traitors In the Cultural SU!"\"I\'al Inc. i<br />

stre<strong>et</strong>s. Their fate rf'mains a mystery. New York<br />

~._n_Oc_t~be_r_l%_':.~~~_lra_q_i_a_ut~orilJesar_' 1<br />

The<br />

10.8- 87<br />

lraq's Destruction of the Kurds<br />

California<br />

COURIER<br />

Turkey Commits Genoci<strong>de</strong> Against<br />

Kurds<br />

By Jackie Abramian<br />

Ealier thi~ year. the Turki~h<br />

government began a strategic<br />

<strong>de</strong>portation of peasants from 700<br />

villages in the southeastern part<br />

with predominantly Kurdish<br />

population. The government called<br />

this an act of removing<br />

resi<strong>de</strong>nts from sensitive bor<strong>de</strong>r<br />

lines.<br />

In July of this year, the press<br />

reported that "Kurdish rebels" of<br />

the southeastern region had killed<br />

3 I innocent persons, including<br />

I I children. What the press.<br />

however. failed to explain was<br />

the roots of such an uprising by<br />

the Kurds.<br />

In response to the attacks.<br />

prime minister of Turkey Turgut<br />

Ozal stated in a press conference,<br />

that the end for the Kurdish rebels<br />

had come ... "They may be 100<br />

or 200 of them . . . we will g<strong>et</strong><br />

everyone ...<br />

Constituting one-fourth of<br />

Turkey's populaiton the 10<br />

million Kurdish minority In<br />

Turkeyare the fourth largest<br />

minority group in the Middle<br />

East. Occupying 30 percent of<br />

Turkey's territory, Kurds have<br />

been <strong>de</strong>nied their basic human<br />

rights since the 1924 Turkish<br />

government's mandate which<br />

outlawed the words "Kurds" and<br />

"Kurdistan." The Turkish<br />

government has <strong>de</strong>nied the Kurdish<br />

existence in the country.<br />

referring to the minority group as<br />

,. Mountain Turks ... The government<br />

has severely punished those<br />

citizens and foreigners who have<br />

dared to mention the Kurd~. A<br />

German tour gui<strong>de</strong>. Ralf Ramond<br />

Braun wa~ Imprisoned for men.<br />

lIüning the Kurds in one 01 hiS<br />

tours.<br />

B<strong>et</strong>ween 1925 and 1939, the<br />

Turkish government <strong>de</strong>ported and<br />

massacred 1.5 million Kurds.<br />

The government's view on the<br />

Kurdish problem, which they<br />

refer to as "the eastern problem"<br />

MON DA Y, OCTOBER 5, 1987<br />

Kurds of Iraq Are Fighting for Survival<br />

To the Fdltor:<br />

COJ.lr:lry to your Sept. 22 report on<br />

Iraq's Krowlng war. from within<br />

against Kurdish guerrillas, Iraq's<br />

handling of the Kurds Is anything but<br />

ambiguous. Since the Treaty of Lausanne<br />

In 1923, when the bor<strong>de</strong>rs of<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>rn Iraq wert' erented, the Kurdish<br />

policy has b<strong>et</strong>'n lorclble asslmiln.<br />

lion and, failing Ihal, annihilation.<br />

With the treaty, Kurds were disenfranchised<br />

in their ancestral lands<br />

and robbed of the oil of Kirkuk, on<br />

which Iraq now survIves.<br />

Through the last 64 years, there<br />

have been Kurdish uprisings follow-<br />

Ing which a weakened government<br />

would negotiate. One such prompted<br />

the "granting" of Kurdish autonomy<br />

on March 10, 1970. The so-called autonomous<br />

region Is a fraud that<br />

shrank Kurdish lands away from bor<strong>de</strong>rs<br />

and oil, while forced res<strong>et</strong>tlement<br />

and wholesale <strong>de</strong>struction of<br />

villages continued unabated. Since<br />

1977, three.quarters 01 a million<br />

Kurds have been chased from their<br />

homes: 300,000 lied to Iran after the<br />

Barzani revolution; more than<br />

500,000 were driven to the southern<br />

<strong>de</strong>serts far Irom their mountain<br />

homes, 55,000 b<strong>et</strong>ween January and<br />

November of 1985 alone. Thus far In<br />

1987, more than 12,500 familles have<br />

heen forced out, villages razed, born.<br />

bar<strong>de</strong>d with chemical weapons. With<br />

each new oHicial maneuver, the<br />

Kurdish population is whittled away.<br />

You quote a Western diplomat saying<br />

thaI "a <strong>de</strong>mographic revolution"<br />

has taken place "un<strong>de</strong>r our noses in the<br />

past six months." There is no con<strong>de</strong>m'<br />

nalinn hv Ih~ R""I:IO< nr ,f,~ Wl'st of<br />

Iraq's <strong>de</strong>stroctlon 01 the Kurds. Your<br />

Aug. 25, 1979, account 01 Kurdish fight-<br />

Ing for autonomy In Iran makes clear<br />

why, when you reportthat a Carter Administration<br />

spokesman "left the impression<br />

with reporters that the Ad.<br />

ministration was more concerned<br />

about the survival of a strong central<br />

Government in Iran than ahout the<br />

Kurdish goal 01 political in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce."<br />

1I0w would this counlry's<br />

Foun<strong>de</strong>rs have viewed such a pol.<br />

icy? VERA BEAUDIN SAEEOPOUR<br />

Director, the Kurdish Program<br />

Cultural Survlvallnc.<br />

New York, Sept. 22, 1987<br />

can perhaps be best expressed in<br />

Ih.: words of the Turkish Mini~ter<br />

nI' Ju~tice who in 1930 <strong>de</strong>clared:<br />

"The Turk is the only lord in<br />

th.: country."<br />

On.: can not help but hear the<br />

e,hoö of th.: Nail Germany<br />

Uhermens,h polie:-. One can not<br />

h.:lp either to r.:call the 1915<br />

.\rmenian Massanes: followec<br />

h~ the 1925 Kurdish masseres: by<br />

Ih.: WWII Jev.. ish Holocaust: and<br />

Ihe 1978 Cambodian massacres.<br />

With 70.000 political prisoners<br />

an Turkey. il is helieved that


SUITE<br />

20.000 of them are Kurds.<br />

Turkey is thus un<strong>de</strong>r clear violation<br />

of U. N. Declaration of<br />

Human Rights and European<br />

Convention of Human Rights.<br />

"With the tolerance of just a<br />

few countries ... we will have<br />

no problem liquidating millions<br />

of Kurds." said former Turkish<br />

Minister of Foreign Affairs during<br />

a session of Council of<br />

• _ • __ .: a ;.'"... J I.<br />

Europe in 1983.<br />

.. Liquidating" seems to be a<br />

newly created word for the same<br />

acts the government committed in<br />

1915 against the Armenians and<br />

again in 1925 against the Kurds.<br />

While the world governments<br />

watch the systematic violations in<br />

progress in Turkey. European<br />

Clluntrie~ resent Turkey's entry to<br />

thc European Common Mark<strong>et</strong>,<br />

and U.S. continues its military<br />

aid to Turkey. Turkey is now the<br />

third largest recipient of U:S. aid.<br />

"We will certainly s<strong>et</strong>tle our<br />

account with the Kurds," Ozal<br />

said in a recent press conference,<br />

.. L<strong>et</strong> the world see il."<br />

..<br />

L'EST<br />

REP1JBLIQUE<br />

Ils sontdix-sept<br />

millions dispersés dans cinq états<br />

Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s, ces « Turcs montagnards »<br />

Pllblier un journal en langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est, en Turquie,<br />

passible <strong>de</strong> quinze ans <strong>de</strong> prison. Un intellectuel<br />

démocrate comme Ismail Besik a payé <strong>de</strong> 13<br />

ans <strong>de</strong> cachot ses articles sur la cause <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>.<br />

n est vrai qu'il n'y a pas une, mais au moins <strong>de</strong>ux<br />

langues principales <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, le Kurmanci <strong>et</strong> le<br />

Zata. Ceci pour la seule Turquie qui, comme les<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Syrie, a adopté l'alphab<strong>et</strong> latin alors<br />

que les Kur<strong>de</strong>s d'Iran <strong>et</strong> d'Irak écrivent en arabe<br />

<strong>et</strong> ceux d'URSS en cyrillique ...<br />

Les 17 millions Kur<strong>de</strong>s,<br />

en eff<strong>et</strong>, qui vivent souvent<br />

d'~levage sur un.territaire<br />

grand comme la<br />

France, sont dispersés<br />

dans ciuq états.<br />

Le grand Kurdistan c'est<br />

en fait l:n pays qui n'existe<br />

pas ...Le mois <strong>de</strong>rnier, c'est<br />

en Irak. que les maquisards<br />

séparatistes ont<br />

repris l~ guérilla. En Turquie,<br />

dails la partie orien- .<br />

tale <strong>et</strong>..élevée du pays, la<br />

révolte n'a jamais vraiment<br />

cessé <strong>de</strong>puis 1925...<br />

Pour le gouvernement<br />

central d'Ankara, il n'y a<br />

plu::; <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>puis 60<br />

ans mais seulement <strong>de</strong>s<br />

« Turcs montagnards ».<br />

« Ceux<br />

qui vont au-<strong>de</strong>vant<br />

<strong>de</strong> la mort»<br />

Dans la région <strong>de</strong><br />

Mardin <strong>de</strong> Batman <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

Van d'où viennent la<br />

moitié <strong>de</strong>s Turcs qui<br />

<strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>nt l'asile en<br />

France, la 'vie quotidienne<br />

c'est celle <strong>de</strong>s «Peshmerga»<br />

autrement dit<br />

«ceux qui vont au <strong>de</strong>vant<br />

<strong>de</strong> la mort, dans les<br />

maquis.<br />

Réfugié dans l'Est <strong>de</strong> la<br />

France, Muzaffer a été <strong>de</strong><br />

ces maquisards du Parti<br />

<strong>de</strong>s travailleurs <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, le<br />

PKK qui entraine ses terroristes<br />

en Syrie aux côtés<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Arméniens <strong>de</strong> l'A-<br />

SALA.<br />

« On conl1aitle génoci<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>s Arméniens <strong>de</strong> 1915 qui<br />

n'ajamais été reconnu par<br />

la Turquie, on sait moins<br />

en Europe, expliquent les<br />

exilés <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s, le génoci<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> J'entre<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux-guerres,. Ce million<br />

<strong>de</strong> morts compte encore <strong>de</strong><br />

nos jours pour ces Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> Turquie qui aspirent à<br />

l'autonomie avec leurs<br />

frères séparés par <strong>de</strong>s<br />

frontières artificielles <strong>et</strong><br />

vivant dans le climat <strong>de</strong><br />

guerre que l'on sait en<br />

Iran <strong>et</strong> Irak.<br />

Amnistie politique<br />

<strong>et</strong> partis interdits<br />

De violer.ces en<br />

attentats, un coup ù'Zlal .:.<br />

amené les militaires turcs<br />

au pouvoir en 1980 <strong>et</strong> les<br />

dirigeants civils d'aujourd'hui<br />

organisent <strong>de</strong>s ~lections<br />

générales anticipées<br />

pour le tout proche 29<br />

novembre. ;-"n sans avoir<br />

.quelque peu I.?É-: alisé ce<br />

que Hakki <strong>et</strong> Tuncay<br />

appellent un fi régime fasciste,.<br />

Un référendum en<br />

'eff<strong>et</strong> vient <strong>de</strong> déci<strong>de</strong>r, <strong>de</strong><br />

justesse, l'amnistie politique<br />

<strong>de</strong> 241 dirigeants d'avant<br />

1980 parmi lesquels<br />

les <strong>de</strong>ux <strong>de</strong>rniers premiers<br />

ministres civils.<br />

Mais les anciens partis<br />

d'avant le coup d'Etat restent<br />

interdits.<br />

Militants <strong>de</strong> gauche<br />

turcs comme Salih <strong>et</strong><br />

nationalistes Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

comme Muzaffer ils prennent<br />

donc souvent le<br />

chemin <strong>de</strong> l'asile, se<br />

r<strong>et</strong>rouvant dans les pas<br />

précaires <strong>de</strong>s émigrés économiques<br />

(il y a 5,5 millions<br />

<strong>de</strong> chômeurs sur 25<br />

millions d'actifs).<br />

Certains <strong>de</strong>meurent<br />

musulmans mais non intégristes.<br />

Qu'ils soient Turcs<br />

ou Kur<strong>de</strong>s, ils aimeraient<br />

que les Français les prennent<br />

non pour <strong>de</strong>s Arabes<br />

(qu'ils ne sont pas), mais<br />

pour <strong>de</strong>s réfugiés.


•<br />


•<br />

•<br />

L'HUMANITE<br />

Visite à Diyarbakir, capitale du Kurdistan<br />

lA LOI DE L'OPPRESSION<br />

Dt IJO/rt <strong>et</strong>1fOYH<br />

spéd,lt.<br />

DIYARBAKIR, ville principale<br />

du Kurdistan (région que la loi<br />

turque interdit <strong>de</strong> nommer par<br />

.son nom), célèbre, disent les dépliants<br />

touristiques, par les hautes murailles qui<br />

l'entourent, <strong>et</strong> le Tigre qui la baigne... Il<br />

faudrait plutôt dire célébre par ses pri.<br />

sons dont l'une, la prison militaire, est<br />

réputée comme la plus terrible <strong>de</strong> Tur.<br />

quie dans J'art <strong>de</strong> briser les hommes. J'ai<br />

passé <strong>de</strong>ux jours à Diyarbakir avec la<br />

délégation parlementaire européenne ve.<br />

nue observer la « démocratie électoraleIl<br />

en Turquie. Nous n'avons pu visiter la<br />

prison ; il parait que cela ( n'était pas<br />

dans la mission <strong>de</strong> la délégation Il. Mais<br />

s'il est difficile d'en franchir les murs,<br />

rien n'est plus facile que d'en rencontrer<br />

les anciens hôtes. A se <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r si la<br />

moitié <strong>de</strong> la population mâle <strong>de</strong> la ville<br />

n'est pas passée P3l'là..,<br />

Tous ceux que j'ai pu voir en portent<br />

les marques dans leur chair: <strong>de</strong>nts cassées<br />

ou arrclchées,cicatrices <strong>de</strong>s brûlures<br />

à l'électricité ou <strong>de</strong>s coups, arca<strong>de</strong>s dé.<br />

chirées. Cela peut être, comme pour Ah.<br />

-<br />

m<strong>et</strong> Turk, <strong>de</strong>venu dimanche député<br />

social.démocrate populiste <strong>de</strong> Mardin,<br />

alors qu'il était sorti quelques jours plus<br />

tôt <strong>de</strong> prison, blanchi par la cour, à<br />

cause d'un simple soupçon <strong>de</strong> syn:pa.<br />

thie pour le PKK (Parti <strong>de</strong>s travailleurs<br />

du Kurdistan, indépendantiste, partisan<br />

<strong>de</strong> la lutte amlée~ Pour un autre militant<br />

du même parti, dont je tairai le<br />

nom, car il ne bénéficie pas, lui, <strong>de</strong> l'immunité<br />

parlementaire, il s'agissait simplement<br />

d'avoir, en parlant <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, fait<br />

<strong>de</strong> la ( propagan<strong>de</strong> séparatiste », ce qui<br />

lui a valu quatre ans <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>mi dans la<br />

terrible geôle...<br />

Si l'oppression n'est pas toujours<br />

aussi brutale, elle est omniprésente dans<br />

celte région encore soumise à un régime<br />

d'exception « sous la coupe d'un super<br />

gouverneur" qui a tous les pouvoirs: il<br />

dispose <strong>de</strong> ia police, <strong>de</strong> la gendarmerie,<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'armée, peut décréter le couvre.feu<br />

ou recruter <strong>de</strong>s hommes <strong>de</strong> main<br />

chargés <strong>de</strong> quadriller les populations villageoises,les<br />

milices <strong>de</strong> villages,Ce gou.<br />

verneur assure, bonhomme: « J'ai beau.<br />

coup <strong>de</strong> pouvoirs mais je ne les utilise<br />

3.12.87<br />

pas.» Mais, dans _elle province la plus<br />

déshéritée du pays, où le revenu mO)'.:n<br />

ne dépasse pas cinq cents dollars par an,<br />

la revendication première est la lin <strong>de</strong> la<br />

repreSSIOn,<br />

A Bagivar, village rural <strong>de</strong> la plaine<br />

du Tigre, si InisérJble qu'il semble tout<br />

droit sarti du Moyen Age, avec ses maisons<br />

<strong>de</strong> pisé basses <strong>et</strong> les égouts qui<br />

coulent dans les ruelles d~ terre, les pay.<br />

SéiJJSqui nous offrent le thé sous une<br />

tl)nnelle n'en démor<strong>de</strong>nt pas: cc dont ils<br />

ont le plu, besoin, « c'est <strong>de</strong> démocra-<br />

Lie»,.. !:n cercle serré autour <strong>de</strong> nou,<br />

tout le village est là, jeunes <strong>et</strong> vieu;<br />

réunis. Mais il n'y a pas une seule<br />

femme. Et comme le prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la délégation<br />

européenne leur Jeman<strong>de</strong> ce<br />

que veut dire pour eux l'Eulllpe, la<br />

CEE, l'un <strong>de</strong> CèS paysan, <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s a celle<br />

phrase: « Quand toutes les libertés, tous<br />

les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme seront respectés<br />

chez nous, nous ne serons pas seulement<br />

membres <strong>de</strong> la Communauté euro.<br />

péenne mais membres <strong>de</strong> la communaut~<br />

mondiale. »<br />

F. G.-R.<br />

~B ll~3 ':o{!!lf?<br />

SUMMARY OF WORLD BROAD(~ASTS<br />

-<br />

lranlaa reporta of Kurdish operations in<br />

Iraq (Excepts from lRGC Joint Staff Command<br />

c:omntUIIiq~) ... Following the merciless slaughter of 200<br />

rea.idcnts of (?Keymen) village near Kirkuk in Iraq and the<br />

driving llW"d'f of the villagers., PUK forces and the Muslim<br />

mujahidin supponing the Supreme Assembly of the Islamic<br />

Revoiution oi iraq (SAIRIj launched a <strong>de</strong>structive operation<br />

<strong>de</strong>ep insi<strong>de</strong> Iraqi territory three days ago ... The Iraqi Kurdish<br />

combatants, succee<strong>de</strong>d in attacking enemy forces stationed on<br />

the important and strategic (?Zinosti) heights induding<br />

heights 1600, 1769, 1895, 1920 and 2006 situated beyond the<br />

general region of Mawat in Sulaymaniyah prO\.;nce of Iraq,<br />

ambushed theh Ba'thist forces and, while <strong>de</strong>stroying their<br />

positions, killed or woun<strong>de</strong>d rnorc than 650 Iraqi<br />

mercenari.es ... They also <strong>de</strong>stroyed more than Il bases and<br />

!Wo HQs of the Iraqi forces, and inflicted heavy damage on the<br />

enemy ... [unspecified number of prisoners; forces r<strong>et</strong>urned to<br />

base) (Tûlran hom~ ~rvict J()4() gmt 30 Nav 87)<br />

(Exc~rpIS) According to reports from Ramadan HO, the centre'<br />

for irregular warfare of the IRGC groond forces of the Iraqi<br />

(Kurdish) Democratic Party ambushed forces of the Iraqi<br />

Ba'thist and Zionist forces on the road from Dahuk to<br />

Zubaydat in Dahuk province, yesterday, killing 40 of them and'<br />

capturing foor ...<br />

The report indicates that the forces of the Patriotic Union<br />

of Iraqi Kurdistan succee<strong>de</strong>d in <strong>de</strong>stroying the important and.<br />

stratCßÏc Bakhtureh bridge [phon<strong>et</strong>ic) situated on the road to.<br />

Hamilton [phon<strong>et</strong>ic] 20 km from Arbil in Iraq. The PUK'<br />

forces also downed an enemy Sukhoi ftghter plane yesterday.:<br />

The pilot was killed.<br />

The PUK forces ambushed Iraqi Ba'thist mercenaries in<br />

the town of (?Harir) in Arbil province and killed li number of<br />

them, Rahman 050 Mustafa [phon<strong>et</strong>ic), comman<strong>de</strong>r of one of<br />

the companies un<strong>de</strong>r the rommand of the 33rd Khafifah.<br />

Battalion, wu also captured. (TdufJ/t Iwm~ suvia J043 gmt,<br />

3ONov87)<br />

1


~J[~<br />

8.12.87<br />

Près <strong>de</strong> 3 millions d'Iraniens sont réfugiés en Turquie<br />

...<br />

•<br />

Istanbul, le refuge <strong>de</strong>s déserteurs <strong>de</strong> Khomeini<br />

Ils sont actuellement près <strong>de</strong><br />

trois millions à avoir quitté le<br />

pays <strong>de</strong> l'ayatollah Khomeini<br />

pour se réfugier en Turquie: la<br />

plupart d'entre eu~ sont <strong>de</strong>s<br />

jeunes qui veulent, à tout prix,<br />

échapper à la guerre. tine<br />

guerre qui a déjà fait un million<br />

dE' morts du côté <strong>de</strong> Téhéran <strong>et</strong><br />

qui compense le déséquilibre en<br />

armement avec l'Irak en envoyant<br />

<strong>de</strong>s enfants au front.<br />

O<br />

A quelques dizaines <strong>de</strong><br />

mètres, la place Taksim<br />

: le cœur « européen»<br />

d'Istanbul. Une effervescence<br />

toute orientale pendant la journée.<br />

Une foule grouillante sur<br />

les trottoirs <strong>et</strong>. les klaxons<br />

stri<strong>de</strong>nts <strong>de</strong> taxis jaunes <strong>et</strong> noirs<br />

qui ponctuent chaque secon<strong>de</strong><br />

qui passe. Ici, dans c<strong>et</strong>te église<br />

catholique, c'est le silence. A<br />

l'extérieur, le bruit <strong>et</strong> la fureur,<br />

dans l'église <strong>de</strong>s bruits feutrés,<br />

une ambiance recueillie <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

cierges prouvent la ferveur<br />

religieuse.<br />

Il y a d'ailleurs beaucoup<br />

d'ombres qui circulent en ce<br />

lieu : majoritairement <strong>de</strong>s jeunes<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s femmes. Des Iraniens,<br />

sans ressources, qui tentent<br />

d'obtenir <strong>de</strong> l'ai<strong>de</strong>: financière<br />

certes, mais surtout morale.<br />

A certains moments,. ils<br />

sont tellement nombreux que la<br />

file d'attente débor<strong>de</strong> à l'extérieur<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'endroit sacré <strong>et</strong> se<br />

répand dans une <strong>de</strong>s artères les<br />

plus animées d'Istanbul. Mais<br />

c<strong>et</strong>te église n'est pas la seule à<br />

connaître l'afflux <strong>de</strong> réfugiés :<br />

tous les lieux <strong>de</strong> culte catholique<br />

du pays sont soumis à la même<br />

pressiqn humanitaire.<br />

Houchang (1) a quatorze ans,<br />

Il y a quelques semaines encore,<br />

il habitait une p<strong>et</strong>ite bourga<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Azerbaïdjan (province du<br />

nord <strong>de</strong> l'Iran dont la capitale<br />

est Tabriz). Ses parents sont<br />

paysans. Un beau jour, on lui<br />

apprend qu'il doit rejoindre le<br />

front .~'<strong>de</strong>' la .. guerre comme<br />

beaucoup <strong>de</strong> p<strong>et</strong>its camara<strong>de</strong>s<br />

d'école avant lui. La nouvelle<br />

connue, <strong>et</strong> confirmée par les<br />

autorités du village, sa famille<br />

rassemble 300 dollars en lui<br />

donnant l'ordre <strong>de</strong> filer.<br />

300 dollars c'est ridiculement<br />

peu pour tenter <strong>de</strong> refaire sa vie<br />

dans un environnement sur<br />

lequel on ne sait rien.<br />

C'est énorme pour une famille<br />

<strong>de</strong> paysans iraniens.'<br />

D'abord parce que ces miraculeux<br />

dollars, on ne peut pas,<br />

bien sûr, se les procurer officiellement<br />

à la banque. Dans<br />

l'attente <strong>de</strong> la terrible nouvelle,<br />

celle du départ à la guerre, le<br />

père du jeune Iranien s'est donc<br />

procuré, « au .noir », la somme<br />

nécessaire. Un dollar contre<br />

cent. un tommans, mille <strong>de</strong>ux<br />

cents rials contre un o<strong>et</strong>it bill<strong>et</strong><br />

vert. (Au co\' r officiel,<br />

10 rials = 15 F, « au noir »,<br />

1 500 rials = 1 F.)<br />

Houchang rassemble quelques<br />

affaires, les entasse dans<br />

. un sac <strong>de</strong> voyage <strong>et</strong> se m<strong>et</strong> en<br />

route. Sans papiers. Sans passeport.<br />

Sans rien. Les 300 dollars<br />

sont vite dépensés. D'abord<br />

les « passeurs », bien sûr. Ils<br />

l'ont immédiatement lour<strong>de</strong>ment<br />

rançonné. De nuit, ces<br />

passeurs le c6hduisent, à pied, à<br />

travers les montagnes jusqu'au<br />

Kurdistan turc.<br />

Arrivé quelque part àJ'est du<br />

lac <strong>de</strong> Van, il paie la police pour<br />

continuer son voyage ... vers les<br />

Etats-Unis. Eh oui! comme la<br />

plupart <strong>de</strong> ces jeunes Iraniens,<br />

l'Amérique du Nord, le Grand<br />

Satan pour Khomeini, représente<br />

l'Eldorado. De bus en<br />

cars, avec les quelques dollars<br />

qui lui restent, Hauchang arrive<br />

jusqu'à Istanbul.<br />

. Sur la rive asiatique du<br />

Bosphore, il reste quelques<br />

jours dans un camp d'accueil<br />

installé ici par le Haut-Commissariat<br />

aux réfugiés qui dépend<br />

<strong>de</strong>s Nations unies, <strong>et</strong> une<br />

semaine après il se dissout dans<br />

la ville. Sans un sou pour<br />

survivre. Sans argent <strong>et</strong> sans<br />

passeport, Houchang ne peut se<br />

rendre à l'hôtel. Des réfugiés<br />

comme lui, il y en a un million à<br />

Istanbul. Un million sur une<br />

ville <strong>de</strong> cinq millions d'habitants.<br />

Une personne sur cinq,<br />

croisée sur les trottoirs <strong>de</strong> la<br />

ville turque, est donc un réfugié<br />

iranien. La cohabitation, même<br />

si elle ne. revêt encore aucun<br />

caractère <strong>de</strong> gravité, co'mmence<br />

à poser <strong>de</strong>s problèmes entre les<br />

communautés<br />

Certes <strong>de</strong> nombreux Turcs y<br />

trouvent pour l'instant leur<br />

compte : ils sous-louent une<br />

pièce <strong>de</strong> leur appartement aux<br />

réfugiés les plus pauvres qui<br />

s'entassent alors à plusieurs<br />

dans quelques mètres carrés.<br />

Un apport qui leur perm<strong>et</strong>, à<br />

leur tour, <strong>de</strong> s'acquitter <strong>de</strong> leur<br />

loyel dans une situation économique<br />

difficile.<br />

D'autre part, tous ceux qui,<br />

extérieurs au problème, se<br />

dépensent pour les « clan<strong>de</strong>stins»<br />

iraniens témoignent tous<br />

du même phénomène : ceux qui<br />

ont I! moins d'argent ai<strong>de</strong>nt les<br />

autres, largement au-<strong>de</strong>là <strong>de</strong><br />

leurs véritables possibilités.<br />

Hauchang trouvera refuge auprès<br />

:,d'une famille plus chanceusé<br />

que lui. C'est courant<br />

dans. la communauté. Seuls les<br />

riches, <strong>et</strong> ils sont nombreux ici,<br />

fermfnt leurs portes. Mais aux<br />

dires <strong>de</strong>s observateurs, <strong>de</strong> très<br />

nombreux agents provocateurs<br />

<strong>de</strong> Khomeini s'infiltrent également<br />

dans le Oat <strong>de</strong>s fuyards<br />

pour monler les intégristes<br />

musulmans, nombreux <strong>et</strong> actifs<br />

en Turquie, contre le<br />

. « laxisme» du gouvernement.<br />

Et c'est vrai qu'à Ankara le<br />

gouvernement est plutôt bienveillant<br />

à l'égard <strong>de</strong> ceux qui<br />

franchissent clan<strong>de</strong>stinement la<br />

frontière entre les <strong>de</strong>ux pays.<br />

Rares sont les immigrants clan<strong>de</strong>stins<br />

qui ont été renvoyés en<br />

Iran. Les rumeurs les plus<br />

fantaisistes circulent d'ailleurs à<br />

ce suj<strong>et</strong>: on me fait savoir qu'à<br />

Neidi, une p<strong>et</strong>ite ville du sud <strong>de</strong><br />

la Turquie, vingt mille jeunes<br />

sont actuellement rassemblés.<br />

On menace <strong>de</strong> les .expulser. La<br />

rumeur est fausse, les réfugiés<br />

sont seulement <strong>de</strong>ux cents <strong>et</strong><br />

l'on a <strong>de</strong>mandé à cinquante<br />

d'entre eux <strong>de</strong> quitter les lieux.<br />

Rumeurs qui témoigne tout.<br />

<strong>de</strong> même <strong>de</strong> la tension qui<br />

commence à apparaître! Les<br />

candidats au départ se bousculent<br />

<strong>de</strong>vant les bureaux <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Nations ùnies à Ankara. Ils<br />

<strong>de</strong>vront attendre entre six mois<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ans pour obtenir <strong>de</strong>s<br />

papiers leur perm<strong>et</strong>tant <strong>de</strong><br />

quitter la Turquie pour <strong>de</strong>s pays<br />

d'accueil : la France peut-être,'<br />

même si la cote <strong>de</strong> notre pays ne<br />

cesse <strong>de</strong> décroître dans l'échelle<br />

<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme ... !<br />

YVES LO/SEA V<br />

(I) Pseudonyme. collectif pour<br />

plusieurs jeunes Iraniens qui<br />

m'ont raconté pratiquement la<br />

même aventure.<br />

LE FIGAROrURQUlE.<br />

. CondamnatIOn<br />

8.12.87<br />

d'un gui<strong>de</strong> français<br />

l'=' La cour <strong>de</strong> sur<strong>et</strong>é <strong>de</strong> l'Etat<br />

turque a condamné hier un<br />

gui<strong>de</strong> français, jugé par contumace,<br />

il cinq années <strong>de</strong> prison.<br />

Michel CerarTlÎnot a été reconnu<br />

coupable <strong>de</strong> propager le point<br />

<strong>de</strong> vue séparatiste kUf.<strong>de</strong>auprés<br />

<strong>de</strong> vingt touristes français, l'été<br />

<strong>de</strong>rnier. M. Ceraminot a quitté la<br />

Turquie, malgré une injonction<br />

<strong>de</strong> rester dans le pays...<br />

2


..<br />

• "L'HUMANITE 8.12.87<br />

MESSAGES DU MONDE<br />

PARTI UNIFIE DES COMMU-<br />

NISTES HAlTIENS<br />

Comme vous le savez, nOIre pays est<br />

gouverné par <strong>de</strong>s hommes sans parole.<br />

par <strong>de</strong>s hommes qui érigent l'assassinat.<br />

le banditisme tout court en système <strong>de</strong><br />

gouvernement.<br />

Les Américains qu~ aujourd'hui, clamenl<br />

leur indignation ont auparavant<br />

anné jusqu'aux <strong>de</strong>nts l'armée d'Haïti, financé<br />

le CNG <strong>et</strong> ses complices, Ce sont<br />

eux qu~ maintenant, trament l'assassinat<br />

<strong>de</strong> plusieurs lea<strong>de</strong>rs politiques haïtiens.<br />

dont celui <strong>de</strong> René Théodore, secrétaire<br />

général du PUCH <strong>et</strong> candidat à la prési<strong>de</strong>nce,<br />

Nous avons besoin <strong>de</strong> solidarité, <strong>de</strong> la<br />

vôtre. qui ne nous fera pas défaut. Au<br />

nom <strong>de</strong>s liens nistoriques <strong>et</strong> culturels<br />

qui unissent nos <strong>de</strong>ux peuples. au nom<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'amitié traditioMelle qui lie nos<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux partis, nous vous <strong>de</strong>mandons, aujourd'hui,<br />

<strong>de</strong> faire tout ce qui est à la<br />

mesure <strong>de</strong> vos forces pour nous ai<strong>de</strong>r à<br />

contrer les menaces <strong>de</strong> plus en plus précises<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'intervention étrangère en Haiti<br />

sous la baMière étoilée,<br />

Le Secrétaire du PUCH<br />

PARTI DEMOCRATIQUE DU<br />

KURDISTAN,IRAK<br />

Aujou:d'hui, l'existence.meme <strong>de</strong><br />

trois millions <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>mi <strong>de</strong> K"r<strong>de</strong>s en Irak<br />

est menacée par la guerre -œ génoci<strong>de</strong><br />

non déclarée.<br />

La dictature fasciste <strong>de</strong> Saddam Hussein<br />

a détruit trois mille villages <strong>et</strong> utilisé<br />

<strong>de</strong>s gaz chimiques au Kurdistan,<br />

contre les civils, <strong>et</strong> terrorisé la totalité du<br />

peuple irakien,<br />

Nous attendons <strong>de</strong> nos camara<strong>de</strong>s<br />

qu'ils éléventle niveau <strong>de</strong> leur soutien <strong>et</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> leur solidarité avec la lutte <strong>de</strong> libération<br />

du peuple <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>.<br />

PAITI COMMUNISTE<br />

IRLANDAIS<br />

Le Parti communiste irlandais est<br />

clair sur ses positioll:l, il veut une déclaration<br />

d'intention du gouvernement britaMique<br />

<strong>de</strong> se r<strong>et</strong>irer <strong>de</strong> toutes les affaires<br />

irlandaises el laisser le peuple<br />

irlandais du nord <strong>et</strong> du sud, déterminer<br />

son propre avenir,<br />

Nous l'oulons la fin <strong>de</strong> toutes formes<br />

<strong>de</strong> pression. Nous \'oulons mainternr <strong>et</strong><br />

renforcer le prin~ipe <strong>de</strong> neutralité pour<br />

toute l'Irlan<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong> assurer notre indépendance,<br />

Nous <strong>de</strong>mandons également no.<br />

tre départ en tant que membre <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Communauté économique européenne,<br />

PAITI DU rRAVAIL DE COREE<br />

Le Comité central du Parti du tra\'ail <strong>de</strong><br />

Corée <strong>et</strong> tous les militants <strong>de</strong> notre parti<br />

tieMent à adresser leurs félicitations<br />

chaleureuses <strong>et</strong> salutations <strong>de</strong> cam:ua<strong>de</strong>.<br />

rie aux communistes <strong>et</strong> aux travailleurs<br />

français accueillant le 260 Congrès du<br />

Parti communiste,<br />

Le Parti commurnste français a combattu<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis longtemps avec les forees<br />

démocratiques pour le développement<br />

démocratique <strong>et</strong> le socialisme dans votre<br />

pays, tout en défendant les intér<strong>et</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la<br />

classe ou\Tière <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s masses laborieuses,<br />

Convaincus que les bons rapports<br />

d'amitié <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> coopération entre nos<br />

<strong>de</strong>ux partis iront en se développant encore<br />

mieux, nous vous souhaitons cordialement<br />

<strong>de</strong> nouveaux sucds dans les<br />

travaux <strong>de</strong> votre congrès <strong>et</strong> les aaivités<br />

ultérieures <strong>de</strong> votre Parti.<br />

PARTI COMMUNISTE<br />

LIBANAIS<br />

Le Pel apprécie la solidarité aàive<br />

du PeF. Dans ce cadre, nous partao<br />

geons avec vous la conviction que la<br />

France pourrait jouer un rôle important<br />

pour contribuer à une sol ution démocra.<br />

ti'lue <strong>de</strong> la crise libanaise, sur la base du<br />

r<strong>et</strong>rdit inconditionnel <strong>de</strong>s forces d'occupation<br />

israélienne du Liban, <strong>de</strong> l'unité<br />

<strong>de</strong> notre pays <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> sa s('Iuverain<strong>et</strong>é, La<br />

l'rance peut égalemtnt rtlntribu~r à une<br />

solution juste <strong>de</strong> la mse du Proche-<br />

Orient dans le cadre d'une conférence<br />

internationale à laquelle dOIl'ent partici.<br />

per loutes les parties concernées. y com.<br />

pris 1'0 LP, unique rerrésentant légitime<br />

du peuple palestinien.<br />

TH~ MIDDLE EAST ~TheKurdish, connection<br />

IU-TI:Nî llNRrST IlllfllC\. Turkey Afrl~.;;l ~udl;Il"'" TllIl"lll.llh oIlld<br />

,llIJ Ir.llI h." a\!alll Jr,'\'oIl allL'1ll10n lllh,r, \\'h;il 1ll.1~" Ihl' "-Ultb '"<br />

t" th, KurJ"li l''ue Thl~ lalest '11Oll"\\I)[lh). lhl,ugh, " Ihl'II Ind ur<br />

JL'nlun,tr.1IIun 01 Kurd"h naliollal -Il.t,lOll.tI l'l'll'l'JUU'lll'''. IIlkrll.i1<br />

\ Iguur l' polit uf a 'trug~k tor natlon- urg.III/L.lIIUIl. poirollllllll.'I) I" 'I\\


(St)ITE)<br />

..<br />

spite being severely outnumbered hrad. Toward the end 01 hi~ life.<br />

and poorly armed, After y<strong>et</strong> another Uarlani ~aid that he felllil..e a Sm'id<br />

perfidy by Baghdad in 1975. the Jew, a prisoner offon:es that refused<br />

Kurds launched an all-out campaign him his very i<strong>de</strong>ntity. Ile died during<br />

to win automomy. Un<strong>de</strong>r the lead- one of the many exiles he suff!:red<br />

ership of the legendary Kurdish during his life, this time in Washinglea<strong>de</strong>r<br />

Mullah Mustafa Hanani, the ton, four years afler the signing of<br />

Kurds quite nearly brought the Ira- the: Iraqi-lranianl:Oncordat that had<br />

4is to their knees at the culmination b<strong>et</strong>raye:d his pt:ople. Many of his<br />

of a highly successful guerrilla war - supporters in his Washington years<br />

only to have the Shah sud<strong>de</strong>nly cui were Jews.<br />

off all aid tll Ihelll at thc 1II0st cruil:al Jcws, parlicularly Israelis and<br />

1II0lllent, III Ihe first two weeks of Kurds share ;"'Olllmon c:x""rience: a<br />

March PHS, as a rc~ult of a ""a,c ,.-<br />

,~ history 01 dogged eonunitment to<br />

aglC:cnlcnt signed h<strong>et</strong>ween 1'du:r.11l Iheir herilage and communal i<strong>de</strong>ntiallll<br />

8aghllad, illlpellding victory Iy, centuries 01 persecution and exwas<br />

slulcn from the !ralli KUlds ile. and thc unenviable llll~iti"n III'<br />

Iht.:1II11~ll'\du~I\I\I .. , :'.I/I.Alahl\l\.<br />

\\Iulc Ihl'll.lIl1.l" hla' '" I{nulllllll"<br />

h.ls dl:1II01lsll;Ilt.:dIls .!olllpath)' .11all<br />

nllll-ShïÎll'. 11011J>'.'I', ,III c1I'ments ill<br />

ib sllciely. Buth f\'I.!II;Jl',;III'Il11;llilariall<br />

;nlheir lIullllok ;1I1l/lIll/wlr vi!:\\'<br />

uf Ihe Middle ...."1. 'hl e:\ell'ise 01<br />

~cIhlell'ralliu ..lioli by suhlllcr~l'll<br />

nalion;llitil'~ .. bl' Ihl'" k",. Kurds.<br />

ur olhcr IIlIllUfll'l'~h,ilps . is ;ln;ltl1emil<br />

tu them. l'hc :'1\11.111'pl;IV a<br />

~illail;lr 1(.llnt.:. ,Ind t UI kl"\'. wluk<br />

toullII): iuo<strong>de</strong>rn dl'II"~";IlI~ 'Ollul'S<br />

Concurrently, Israel\ assistance Irying III ~uni\c III a 1\ Iddle Llsi SI(iNIFI('AN'11 ,\, l "lIl.lolll.., hl"<br />

to lilt: Kurdish national Iiher,llioll where ladK.II dllcs h;lw thc III' ne;uh the f.Il:;llk III 'h"llIo~cllous"<br />

Il'''\Clllent came to an abrul" .'1"'1' per h;lIId, i\,"k' 1"'111 lhl'Sl' 1I1"ll' TUlkcy, "'llIil;II\" 1.'111,llId "pall'<br />

ISH.AEI.I aid 10 the B,lI/alll.lnl exislclIll.11 sIIlIlI.IIUICS. Ill'l'lIl III, :\ra"" Iraq ,lIId S\II.1 "Ill' IS~lllIl'l..<br />

Kurllish rl'Slsl.1I11'Cwas al""vs<br />

due 10 pOlllll'.t1lcahtll,'~ l'OIilrolll;"! togelher. 'I hl'Il' IS the t.:1'1\'"1c ,.1 K'lIllhsh Il,11111llh,,.,d" :" 1.11as Ihl'<br />

bOlh pallies. Nllnelhcle~~, lht.: rclationship<br />

b<strong>et</strong>wt.:11Israel alld the Kur-<br />

Israt.:li .1\,i'I;III"l' III thl'<br />

lIational IlI11H'IIIl'n\. l'hnl'<br />

Kurdi,h<br />

i, alsll<br />

t\tlddk LI,r l' '''11« Il1nl<br />

,.! Eunl, :"'.. .' " ".<br />

I\hlhllm<br />

""0'" ,<br />

dish IIlIlVCllll'lIl wa~ important ill thl' hllle-kIlO\\1I hUI Ilighl) rele\illli 1I1"Jlllil) 01 Ih"llIIIIII!~""IIS I


..<br />

• ~t lllonat 11 • 12 " 87.<br />

L'économie iranienne au bout du rouleau<br />

Après sept années <strong>de</strong> connit militaire<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ans <strong>de</strong> guerre économique<br />

suivant le contrechoc pétrolier,<br />

l'Iran semble aujourd'hui approcher<br />

<strong>de</strong>s limites <strong>de</strong> sa résistance. L'idée<br />

n'est pas nouvelle: voilà <strong>de</strong>s années<br />

qu'on prédit l'effondrement du<br />

régime par épuisement <strong>de</strong> ses ressour\;es<br />

financières. Voilà <strong>de</strong>s années<br />

que la République islamique tient<br />

bon, au prix <strong>de</strong> sacrifices croissants<br />

imposés à sa population.<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te fois, pourtant la menace<br />

parait sérieuse. • Ils ne sont pas<br />

encore loul à fail au boul du rouleau,<br />

mais ils ne peuvent pillS continuer<br />

longlemps dans ces condilions<br />

". assure M. Gadon, <strong>de</strong><br />

l'<strong>Institut</strong> français du pétrole. Car<br />

l'incroyable est arrivé: le blocus<br />

économique imposé <strong>de</strong>puis l'été au<br />

pays commence à porter ses fruits.<br />

Téhéran paye cher son isolement<br />

diplomatique, <strong>et</strong> s'il cherche, en se<br />

rapprochant, <strong>de</strong> la France, à <strong>de</strong>sser.<br />

rer l'étau, c'est qu'il ne lui reste plus<br />

environ 4u'une année <strong>de</strong> réserves<br />

<strong>de</strong>vant lui.<br />

Pnncipal goul<strong>et</strong> d'étranglement:<br />

les <strong>de</strong>VIses. Le • trésor" accumulé<br />

avant la guerre a fondu. Selon la<br />

banque <strong>de</strong>s règlements internationaux,<br />

les réserves en <strong>de</strong>vises <strong>de</strong><br />

l'Iran ne s'élevaient plus, à la mi.<br />

1987, qu'à 5,3 milliards <strong>de</strong> dollars,<br />

soit un quart du • magot - <strong>de</strong> 1980<br />

(20 milliards) <strong>et</strong> 2,5 milliards <strong>de</strong><br />

moins qu'un an auparavant. Et si le<br />

pays, contrairement A l'Irak, ne<br />

souffre quasiment pas d'end<strong>et</strong>tement<br />

extérieur, il n'a pas non plus <strong>de</strong><br />

crédit. Quelle banque occi<strong>de</strong>ntale<br />

accepterait dans les conditions<br />

actuelles d'ouvrir A Téhéran une<br />

ligne <strong>de</strong> crédit?<br />

ImJ!O~dODS<br />

mlnlm.les<br />

Contraint <strong>de</strong> ré~ler ses imoorta.<br />

13-14 /12/87<br />

tions au • comptain - ou prësque,<br />

Téhéran ne peut donc miser que sur<br />

ses rec<strong>et</strong>tes <strong>de</strong> l'année pour financer<br />

ses besoins. Or, <strong>de</strong>puis l'an <strong>de</strong>rnier,<br />

elles ne suffisent plus à assurer le<br />

minimum vital pour poursuivre la<br />

guerre <strong>et</strong> nourrir la population.<br />

« L'Jran a un vrai problim, d'équIlibre<br />

extérieur ., estime MN Moni.<br />

que Benisti, <strong>de</strong> l'<strong>Institut</strong> françail <strong>de</strong>s<br />

relations extérieures (IFRI), «leI<br />

rec<strong>et</strong>tes d'exportations ne l'amé/lc>renl<br />

pas el il ne peul plus conllnuer<br />

à réduire 1(!Ilmpor/alions -,<br />

En dépit du redressement <strong>de</strong>i prix<br />

du brut, 1987 ne <strong>de</strong>vrait pal ftre<br />

meilleur <strong>de</strong> ce point <strong>de</strong> vue que<br />

1986. L'an <strong>de</strong>rnier, lei revenui du<br />

pétrole étaient to~bés A .6,6 mi~liards<br />

<strong>de</strong> dollars enViron, SOIt la mOItié<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'année précé<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>et</strong> trois fois<br />

moins qu'en 1983. C<strong>et</strong>te année, ils<br />

ne <strong>de</strong>vraient guère dépasser 8 milliards<br />

<strong>de</strong> dollars, cc qui, compte tenu<br />

<strong>de</strong> la dépréciation du bill<strong>et</strong> vert, ne<br />

laisserait A Téhéran, contraint <strong>de</strong><br />

s'approvisionner hors <strong>de</strong>s Etats-Unil<br />

en monnaies fortes (yen, mark, <strong>et</strong>c,)<br />

qu'un pouvoir d'achat stagnant,<br />

Après un premier semcstre satilfaisant,<br />

la montée <strong>de</strong>s tensions dans<br />

le Golfe <strong>et</strong> sunout l'embargo décidé<br />

par la France en juill<strong>et</strong>, puis par lei<br />

Etats-Unis en septembre, a rendu<br />

l'écoulement du brut iranien <strong>de</strong> plus<br />

en plus difficile, Téhéran s'cst placé<br />

dans une situation <strong>de</strong> dépendance<br />

absolue vis-A-vis <strong>de</strong> son principal<br />

client, le Japon, lequel, sans luivre<br />

officiellement les Etats-Unis <strong>et</strong> la<br />

France, n'en a pas moins gelé ses<br />

achats aux contrats existants.<br />

L'Iran, pour écouler les lurplus<br />

résultant <strong>de</strong> l'embargo a dO .litteraloment<br />

bra<strong>de</strong>r son pétrole, d'autant<br />

que la plu pan <strong>de</strong>s autres pays occi<strong>de</strong>ntaux<br />

soumis A d'amicales pressions<br />

<strong>de</strong>s pays arabes du Golfe<br />

ennemis <strong>de</strong> l'Iran observaient,<br />

comme le Japon, une attitu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Lesr<strong>et</strong>omb~es du conflit du Golfe<br />

Economie <strong>de</strong> guerre à Bagdad<br />

Téhéran a semé le doule<br />

quant aux intentions <strong>de</strong> <strong>Paris</strong><br />

yis-à.yJs du pétrole iranien en<br />

annonçant. en marge <strong>de</strong> la réunion<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'OPEP, we prochaine<br />

leyée <strong>de</strong> l'embargo français, ce<br />

que l'on dément toutefois dans<br />

les mUleux gouyemementaux <strong>et</strong><br />

industriels (lire ,.,e 4). Par ailleurs,<br />

à Bagdad, oa assiste à une<br />

remise eo ordre <strong>de</strong> l'KoDOlDie<br />

iralûenae suscepdble <strong>de</strong> replacer<br />

le pays sur la ,oie du dé,eloppement.<br />

.<br />

BAGDAD<br />

<strong>de</strong> narre envoyée<br />

spéciale<br />

Une position avantageuse à<br />

l'ONU, l'appui du mon<strong>de</strong> arabe<br />

'apm le somm<strong>et</strong> d'Amman, une<br />

6conomie en meilleure posture:<br />

les dirigeants irakiens sont plus l<br />

l'aise, alon que T6Mran annonce<br />

une nouvelle fois une gran<strong>de</strong> op6-<br />

plui réservés vis-A-vis du brut iranien.<br />

Résultat: une décote <strong>de</strong> plusieurs<br />

dollars par baril, 'lui, ajoutée<br />

aux frais énormes d'assurance <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

transport (2 à 3 dollars par baril)<br />

supportés par l'Iran pour acheminer<br />

son pétrole en <strong>de</strong>hors <strong>de</strong> la zone <strong>de</strong><br />

8ucrre (grâce à une nav<strong>et</strong>te <strong>de</strong><br />

vingt-<strong>de</strong>ult cargos), ramène le priX<br />

réellement perçu par l'Iran aux environs<br />

<strong>de</strong> 15 dollars, soit le prix moyen<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1986.<br />

La faiblesse <strong>de</strong>s revenus pétrl>-<br />

Iiers, qui constituent l'essentiel <strong>de</strong>s<br />

ressources, ne laisse à j'Iran qu'une<br />

marge <strong>de</strong> manœuvre <strong>de</strong>s plus limitées.<br />

Car les importations ont d'ores<br />

<strong>et</strong> déjà été réduites au Itrict minimum.<br />

La guerre, du côté iranien, est<br />

une guerre <strong>de</strong> pauvres. Elle coûte<br />

néanmoins bon an mal an environ<br />

5 milliards <strong>de</strong> dollars.<br />

La gran<strong>de</strong> industrie, paralysée<br />

par le man4ue <strong>de</strong> piè\;es ct. <strong>de</strong><br />

matières premières, a ~té contralnlt:<br />

l'an <strong>de</strong>:rnier, <strong>de</strong>: m<strong>et</strong>tre au chômage<br />

partiel quelque sept cent cinquante<br />

mille travailleurs. Le gouvernement<br />

a dO, c<strong>et</strong>te année, dcsserrer un peu<br />

la vis <strong>de</strong>s entreprises nationales pour<br />

limiter le chômage. Quant A l'agriculture,<br />

qui, jusqu'ici, parvenait A<br />

tenir, elle a été affectée celle année<br />

à la fois par <strong>de</strong>s inondations <strong>et</strong> par la<br />

sécheresse, <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>vrait voir sa production<br />

au mieult stagner.<br />

En outre, les coûts indirects <strong>de</strong> la<br />

,guerre <strong>de</strong>viennent <strong>de</strong> plus en plus<br />

pesants. Les raids irakiens ont<br />

détruit une partie <strong>de</strong>s capacités <strong>de</strong><br />

raffinage. cc qui oblIge l'Iran à<br />

importer plus <strong>de</strong> 200000 barils/jour<br />

<strong>de</strong> produits raffinés, à un coût<br />

d'autant plus important que le<br />

Koweït <strong>et</strong> l'Arabie saoudite ont<br />

récemment • cOflSt!ill~ " aux compagnies<br />

qui font affaire avec eux <strong>de</strong><br />

cesser toute: Iivrai,on indirecte <strong>de</strong><br />

produits pétroliers comme le fuel,<br />

ration militaire. Mais, plus <strong>de</strong><br />

quatre mois après le vote par le<br />

Conseil <strong>de</strong> s6curité <strong>de</strong> l'ONU <strong>de</strong><br />

la résolution 598, <strong>de</strong>mandant<br />

notamment un cessez-le-feu<br />

immédiat, on estime, à Bagdad,<br />

que les choses ont assez duré <strong>et</strong><br />

qu'il faut sc rendre à l'évi<strong>de</strong>nce:<br />

Téhéran refuse la 598. Ce que,<br />

souligne-t-on, Bagdad répète<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis juill<strong>et</strong>. «En conséquence,<br />

affirme M, Wissam AI Zahawi,<br />

vicc-ministrc <strong>de</strong>s affaires étrangères<br />

irakien, le Conseil <strong>de</strong> sécurité<br />

doit prend,e les responsabi-<br />

/itél <strong>et</strong> adopter une <strong>de</strong>uxième<br />

,élo/utlon., c'est-à-dire prendre<br />

<strong>de</strong>s sanctions contre l'Iran,<br />

notamment un embargo sur les<br />

ventca d'armes <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s sanctions<br />

6


ISUITE)<br />

(S/l.ile<strong>de</strong> lapremiinpage.)<br />

. Sans trop d'illusions sur l'efficacité<br />

cie telles sanctions qui compliqueront,<br />

dit-


•<br />

15.12.87<br />

!RA.N'-' VÛ~. la l<strong>et</strong>tre d'i,l!nrrlldtioll lTlen~J(>!!n. <strong>de</strong> la Ligut' !',~ur la riéfen~e <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homrnc en mAN. iJ pllbli~ \;11 EDITORIAL cians son rl~.Hné:-o <strong>de</strong><br />

novernbre J9~ï sur la sitl'ati(lll dt.!") Ir


...<br />

(sU! ',\<br />

<strong>et</strong> dont on rappelait sa culture, sa richesse <strong>et</strong> son<br />

raffinement ne peut passer. d~ jour au len<strong>de</strong>main à l'état<br />

barabare. être globalement <strong>et</strong> Localement taxée ,lA<br />

terroriste. Telle est. en eff<strong>et</strong>, la conjoncture àa'1S<br />

laquelle nous nous trouvons. nbus iraniens.<br />

La si tuation est malt\eureusement bien pire encore<br />

pour ceux d'entre no~s Qui se trouvent actuellement dans<br />

les pays proches <strong>de</strong> r'lran. La Turquie, le Pakistan, l'Irak<br />

<strong>et</strong> les Emirats Arabes offrent <strong>de</strong>s condi tions <strong>de</strong> vie bien<br />

plus difficiles aux iraniens qui se voient dans<br />

l'obligation <strong>de</strong> fuir leur psys. Là. il n'existe aUClli1<br />

contrôle ou presque. Une simple entente avec .le régime<br />

<strong>de</strong> Téhéran peut entra1ner la. reconduction <strong>et</strong> l'expulsion<br />

vers l'Iran <strong>de</strong>s iraniens qui y rési<strong>de</strong>nt. Cela s'est déjà<br />

produi t à maintes reprises pour ce qui est <strong>de</strong> la Turqui(<br />

Quant à ceux 'lUi vi vent, -ou !!lurvivent.- au Paki s ;:'an. ce<br />

n'est pas pel..l dîfél {lY'ils mOftéht une vie <strong>de</strong> misèn: <strong>et</strong><br />

d'extrême pauvrêt@,<br />

Que p4JtUJêf d~ tout 60@1 <strong>et</strong> que <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r qui soi t<br />

réalisable? l\ous he vouviohs Pâs l'impossiblE:. Notre souhait<br />

est tout simple: yue I~Et . <strong>de</strong> droit soit respecté<br />

en France <strong>et</strong>, 8n Eu~ope iJour ltH:l iraniens. Qu' i Is ne so ient<br />

pas maltr~t~iL qu.'lls Ile iH~l'nt pas su~per:ts aux yeux<br />

<strong>de</strong> tous. t:rl c~ qui c,--\ncerhe hH! iraniens vÏ'.rant en Turquie<br />

<strong>et</strong> au P


•<br />

REPUBLIQUE DU CENTRE 17 • 12 • 87<br />

Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s en grève <strong>de</strong> /a faim <strong>de</strong>ux Drouais<br />

,<br />

parmI eux<br />

Ils enten<strong>de</strong>nt protester, au siège <strong>de</strong> leur association culturelle à <strong>Paris</strong>, contre Il les mesures du gouvernement francais ",<br />

DREUX. - Deux Kur<strong>de</strong>s réfugiés<br />

politiques à Dreux ont enta.<br />

mé il y a une semaine une grève<br />

<strong>de</strong> la laim à <strong>Paris</strong> pour protester<br />

contre «les mesures du gouvernement<br />

Irançais., Ils se sont<br />

joinls à leurs 25 au"PS rompa,<br />

tnotes venus <strong>de</strong> plusieurs régions<br />

<strong>de</strong> France, au si!ge <strong>de</strong> leur<br />

association culturelle, • proximit"<br />

<strong>de</strong> Strasbourg-Saint-Denis,<br />

Les membres <strong>de</strong> la commu.<br />

nauté <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> drouaise nous Onl<br />

signalé leur geste hier en mêmt<br />

temps qu'ils rem<strong>et</strong>taient un communiqué<br />

résumant les raisons <strong>de</strong><br />

'eur action, Un communiqué si.<br />

gné du comité d'organisation <strong>de</strong><br />

la grève <strong>de</strong> la laim, où la question<br />

est posée: I A "InItIr du r'glme<br />

fllciate turc, le gouvern.ment<br />

Irancais l-t-i1 commenc' • eon.id'rtr<br />

te flit d'it,. <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> comin.<br />

un d'lit 7I<br />

Lei Kur<strong>de</strong>s l'élèvent contre les<br />

I perqul.ltlon., Int.rdlctlon. d.<br />

mlnlf .. tatlon. .t d. r'unlon.,<br />

Itt.lnt.. lU droit d. l'iour,<br />

t.ntltlvlI d'intimidation, m.-<br />

.ur.. prisel contr. les Iympathi-<br />

.Int. du Front d. lib'ration<br />

national. du Kurdiltln IERNKI •<br />

Ils <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>nt le «r<strong>et</strong>our imm'diat<br />

I <strong>de</strong> trois Kur<strong>de</strong>s expulsés<br />

en Afrique au <strong>de</strong>but du mois,<br />

"arrêt rie nn\lvpll,''j p. ... [lulsions le<br />

changement d'attitu<strong>de</strong> du gau.<br />

vernement, l'arrêt <strong>de</strong> l'ai<strong>de</strong> au<br />

gouvernement turc,<br />

Les <strong>de</strong>ux Kur<strong>de</strong>s drouais participant<br />

à la grève <strong>de</strong> la faim<br />

seraient en France <strong>de</strong>puis quatre<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ans, Ils habitent les<br />

Chamards,<br />

L'EVENEHENT DU JEUD! 17.12.87<br />

La Tafle <strong>de</strong>s opposants<br />

iTaniens<br />

Comment on j<strong>et</strong>te<br />

<strong>de</strong>s indésirables<br />

Le régime <strong>de</strong> Téhéran ne supporte pas que la FIance<br />

abrite ses opposants, En gage <strong>de</strong> bonne volonté, Il a <strong>de</strong>mandé leur expulSIOn<br />

Mals il ya la manière ,<br />

Le temps <strong>de</strong>s ralles serail-il<br />

revenu? Cenes, Pasqua n'esl pas<br />

Bousquel el Libreville n'a rien du<br />

Vel'd'hiv mais le traitement inllige par le<br />

ministere <strong>de</strong> l'Interieur à qualorze Iraniens<br />

<strong>et</strong> trois K1luIes expulses <strong>de</strong> France - fût ce<br />

pour la bonne cause - eSI difficilement<br />

appréciable, Arrachés à leur famille le 7<br />

décembre à l'aube, sans aucune explication,<br />

ces dix-sept refugiés ont <strong>et</strong>é clan<strong>de</strong>stinement<br />

embarqués <strong>de</strong> force, le len<strong>de</strong>main,<br />

sur la base militaire d'Evreux, dans un<br />

Boeing spécial, Quels crimes avaient -ils<br />

commis dans notre pays? Quels complots<br />

rramaient-ils? Aucun. Mais il y allait <strong>de</strong> la<br />

raison d'Etat.<br />

Début décembre, le ministre <strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur<br />

réclame aux renseignements généraux une<br />

liste <strong>de</strong> ces antikomeinystes raclicaux que<br />

sont les Moudjahiclin du peuple. Quelques<br />

centaines <strong>de</strong> noms sont présentés à la hâte.<br />

Seuls ceux <strong>de</strong> la region parisienne seront<br />

r<strong>et</strong>enus. par commodité, Le 5 décembre,<br />

ordre est donné à la police <strong>de</strong> l'air <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

frontiéres, aux RG, <strong>et</strong> aux clirections départementales<br />

<strong>de</strong>s polices urbaines concernées<br />

<strong>de</strong> se tenir prètes le surlen<strong>de</strong>main. Aucune<br />

autre explication n'est donnée.<br />

Lorsqu'ils se présentent aux domiciles<br />

<strong>de</strong>s personnes à interpeller, les policiers<br />

font souvent chou blanc, Bon nombre <strong>de</strong><br />

ces individus qui, selon Pasqua, prèsentaient<br />

une «menace particulièrement grave<br />

pour l'ordre public. <strong>et</strong> que <strong>de</strong>s «raisons<br />

impérieuses <strong>de</strong> sécurité nationale. commandaient<br />

d'expulser selon la procédure<br />

d'urgence absolue, avaient déménage<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis <strong>de</strong>s mois. Les RG ne s'en étaient pas<br />

soucié, ces fous du combat anti-ayatollahs<br />

ne leur paraissaient pas !rés dangereux.<br />

Aussi, quand ils viennent réveiller<br />

Hassan Habibi, à Auvers-sur-Oise, les inspecteurs<br />

ne dissimulent pas leur gêne.<br />

D'autant qu'ils n'ont même pas son arrête<br />

d'expulsion sur eux, Un motard ('apponera<br />

sur place une heure plus tard. Cenams<br />

policiers semblem même avoir parfois<br />

embarqué <strong>de</strong>s personnes ne figurant pas<br />

sur leur liste, Faute <strong>de</strong> grives ... C'est ainsi<br />

que <strong>de</strong>ux Iraniens <strong>de</strong> passage en France<br />

mais réfugiés l'un en Sue<strong>de</strong>, l'autre en<br />

Angl<strong>et</strong>erre, se r<strong>et</strong>rouve rom au Gdbc'Il le<br />

8 décembre, Ils ne pourrom regagner Stock<br />

holm <strong>et</strong> Londres que trois jours plus tard<br />

Au total, les policiers ont ramelle dalls<br />

leurs fil<strong>et</strong>s vingt-<strong>de</strong>ux Iraniens el quaIre<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s. Sur les dix-sept I1nalement expulses,<br />

huit om le statut <strong>de</strong> réfugié polilique.<br />

Dans un pays d'asile comme la France,<br />

signataire <strong>de</strong> la Convention <strong>de</strong> Geneve du<br />

28 juill<strong>et</strong> t951 sur les réfugiés, <strong>de</strong> lcls<br />

étrangers ont <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>voirs. ,'viaisils jouissent<br />

aussi <strong>de</strong> droits. Pasqua ne l'ignore pas,<br />

Dans une circulaire. qu'il a signee le<br />

I 7 seprembre 1986, sur les condi110ns<br />

d'executi0n <strong>de</strong>s mesures d'expulsi0l1, il<br />

précise: «L 'érranger dOli érre al'isè <strong>de</strong>s<br />

l'oies <strong>de</strong> recours dom il dispose... SI la<br />

personne l'i~ a la qualite <strong>de</strong> rélilgit! poluique,<br />

elle doit <strong>et</strong>re in{onnee <strong>de</strong> la possibifrté<br />

<strong>de</strong> saisir la Commission <strong>de</strong> recollrs <strong>de</strong>s<br />

réfugiés ... Le recours sllspend /'execurion<br />

<strong>de</strong> la mesure .•<br />

Ce lexte a éte bafoue le 7 décembre,<br />

Selon leurs avocats, les expulsés n'om pu<br />

alener ni leur famille ni allcun membre du<br />

barreau pour dire où il> l'talent relenus.<br />

quel son les anendall, <strong>et</strong> 1"'lIr laire j,'uer les<br />

recc'urs p,e\'u,. Alenes par <strong>de</strong>s parcllIs CI<br />

amis <strong>de</strong>s «ratlésYl, certains a\OOcaL


..<br />

AS THE GLOBE AND MAIL. MONDAY. DECEMBER 21, 1~87<br />

INTERNATIONAL<br />

. .<br />

Turkey's Kurdish<br />

War drags on<br />

with inci<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

almost daily<br />

BY JOHN GRAY<br />

Globe and Mail Correspon<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

DIYARBAKIR.<br />

TurKey<br />

The young soldiers who stroll the<br />

stre<strong>et</strong>s of Diyarbakir on their day<br />

off travel in twos and threes, and<br />

they seem to talk to nobody except<br />

one another.<br />

l11ey keep to themselves because<br />

they are strangers. They are Turks,<br />

and Diyarbakir is the heart of Turkish<br />

Kurdistan. Mest people on the<br />

stre<strong>et</strong>, it is said, can speak Turkish,<br />

but the language they choose to<br />

speak is Kurdish.<br />

As a matter of policy, the Turkish<br />

army sends soldiers here who do not<br />

speak the Kurdish of the population<br />

around them, and it sends Kurdish<br />

recruits to other parts of the country.<br />

l11e army wants no confusion of<br />

loyalties. .<br />

'That is all very embarrassing for<br />

1ùrkish authorities, but there is a<br />

low-level civil war In the country<br />

:that has gone on since before the<br />

creation of the republic 64 years<br />

ago.<br />

l11e Kurds, with their sporadic<br />

Insurgency here and across the<br />

bor<strong>de</strong>r In Iran and Iraq, simply will<br />

not goaway.<br />

l11ere is some kind of inci<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

almost every day. Som<strong>et</strong>imes it is a<br />

low-gra<strong>de</strong> insurgent propaganda<br />

eruption that is over almost as soon<br />

as It starts. Som<strong>et</strong>imes it is an attack<br />

on the korucu, village protectors<br />

appointed by the Government<br />

in Ankara. Som<strong>et</strong>imes it is an attack<br />

on the Turkish anny.<br />

The insurgents sud<strong>de</strong>nly appear,<br />

armed and equipped. The local collaborators<br />

with the Turkish authorities<br />

are lectured or dispatched, or<br />

the ahny is am~ushed. And then<br />

they disappear back into the homes<br />

fro~ which they came or the mountain<br />

hi<strong>de</strong>outs where they can be<br />

reached only by helicopter.<br />

In the past three years, more<br />

than 600 people have died in the<br />

continuing Kurdish rebellion. a<br />

quarter of them soldiers, a quarter<br />

guerrillas, and the remain<strong>de</strong>r civilians.<br />

Of the civilians who have died,<br />

about half have been i<strong>de</strong>ntified as<br />

the korucu or their families. They<br />

are the ones who are caught in<br />

b<strong>et</strong>ween.<br />

The guerrilla war, such as it is, is<br />

led by the Marxist Kurdish Workers<br />

Party (PKK). But ultimately more<br />

powerful than the PKK is the passive<br />

resentment of the eight or nine<br />

Kurds who are Turkish citi-<br />

million<br />

zens.<br />

Reuter<br />

Villagers in the Turkish province of Mardin moum relatives<br />

killed in a raid in June. Thirty people were buried tog<strong>et</strong>her.<br />

The Kurds are a problem that the<br />

Turks just do not want to know<br />

about. Conversations with a succession<br />

of Government officials and<br />

journalists in Ankara seem to stop<br />

<strong>de</strong>ad when the subject Comes round<br />

to the Kurds. .<br />

The Kurds are non-people to most<br />

Turks. Their language is banned for<br />

public use, as are publications in<br />

Kurdish. There is no schooling in<br />

Kurdish. Promotion of Kurdish<br />

rights can g<strong>et</strong> you thrown in jail for<br />

as long as 15 years.<br />

In Ankara there is a ten<strong>de</strong>ncy to<br />

ask, after all, wh<strong>et</strong>her there really<br />

is anything such as Kurdish. It is<br />

just a bunch of different dialects,<br />

some say. and one Kurd caMot<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rstand another. They all have<br />

Turkish passports.<br />

Som<strong>et</strong>imes they will tell you that<br />

the Kurds are really just "mountain<br />

Turks."<br />

Hayri Kozakcioglu, the "super<br />

governor" of the regions where the<br />

Kurds are most numerous, says he<br />

has picked up a few words of Kurdish,<br />

but, no, he does not really<br />

speak it.<br />

MI'. Kozakcioglu says it is a<br />

complicated problem, in part ec0-<br />

nomic, in part the product of outsid-<br />

. ers.<br />

The root of it, he says, is that<br />

Turkey is in the midst of massive<br />

regional <strong>de</strong>velopment that is going<br />

to make the whole of the southeast<br />

Anatolia region rich and prosperous.<br />

Other people do not wantthat.<br />

Western Europe would like a<br />

strong Turkey, Mr. Kozakcioglu<br />

says, but Eastern Europe does not.<br />

The countries to the soutl, 0{ Turkey<br />

are worried that a ma:.Sl\e Irriga-<br />

crisis won't go away<br />

tion project un<strong>de</strong>r way will dry up<br />

their water supplies from the Tigris<br />

and Euphrates rivers.<br />

So some countries provi<strong>de</strong> anns,<br />

ammunition. training and i<strong>de</strong>ology,<br />

and others provi<strong>de</strong> safe haven for<br />

Kurdish rebels - "All of these<br />

things come from people who don't<br />

want Turkey's progress .."<br />

Mr. Kozakcioglu is <strong>de</strong>finitely not<br />

a hand-wringer on language rights<br />

and national i<strong>de</strong>ntity. In that, he is<br />

certainly with the majority In Turkey.<br />

"There are different dialects, but<br />

all the people are Turkish. All the<br />

languages came from cen~ral Asia<br />

originally. As it is all over the<br />

world, we have many dialects. It is<br />

not a reason for fighting. . . . The<br />

people of this region have the same<br />

cultural life as tçe other people In<br />

Turkey."<br />

There is no mistake about Mr.<br />

Kozakcioglu's analysis of the dismal<br />

state of the economy in eastern<br />

Turkey. Even in Diyarbakir, the<br />

capital of the region since ancient<br />

times, there is no hint of the bus-<br />

tling boom of Ankara.<br />

In comparison with the rest of the<br />

country, the east suffers in just<br />

about every category: housing,<br />

education, health services. By one<br />

estimate. illiteracy is close to 70per<br />

cent.<br />

South of the city, where the valley<br />

of the Tigris str<strong>et</strong>ches down to the<br />

Syrian bor<strong>de</strong>r, it is a strangely<br />

mixed piCture. The huge South East<br />

Anatolia project will transform the<br />

region during the next <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>, but<br />

many of the villages seem<br />

unchanged for centuries, mud and<br />

'stone houses COMected I)y winding<br />

paths.<br />

Most of the villages appear to<br />

have electricity, but many lack<br />

running water. The highway un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

construction to the south will be<br />

able to carry annored divisions of<br />

the Turkish anny, but many villnll"<br />

es are inaccessible by anythin:; ,.ln<br />

wheels.<br />

In the daytime, security prpcautions<br />

appear vi~\tally nonexIstent<br />

on the road down 'to Mardin and<br />

along the frontier highway that<br />

carries 3,500 oil transport trucks<br />

from the oilfields of Iraq to central<br />

Turkey.<br />

But when darkness comes In the<br />

late afternoon. the trucks down to<br />

Mardin travel In threes and fourS.<br />

And along the frontier highway,<br />

army vehicles with flashing lights<br />

escort oil transport convoys that are<br />

three kilom<strong>et</strong>res long.<br />

The oddity of all this is that as the<br />

Turks are combating the evi<strong>de</strong>nce<br />

of Kurdish nationalism in the east of<br />

their country, they are engaged in a<br />

particularly bitter diplomatic war<br />

with Bulgaria,<br />

the west.<br />

Turkey's neighbor to<br />

.<br />

At issue in the Bulgarian dispute<br />

is the fate of thousands of Turkishspeaking<br />

Bulgarians. Their language<br />

and their Turkish i<strong>de</strong>htity are<br />

being systematically suppressed by<br />

the Bulgarian authorities.<br />

In recent discussions In Ankara<br />

about the Kurdish difficulties. a<br />

visitor tried repea.tedly to draw a<br />

parallel b<strong>et</strong>ween the Bulgarian<br />

treatment of its Turkish minority<br />

and Turkey's treatment of ilS Kurdish<br />

minority. On each occasion, the<br />

visitor was told a bit curtly that the<br />

two cases were not at all the same.<br />

10


..<br />

21.12.87<br />

.Kurdlstan<br />

Le Kurdistan pris au piège <strong>de</strong> la violence <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

la contre-violence<br />

La presse turque n'utilise plus, pour décrire les <strong>de</strong>rniers évènempnts survenus dans<br />

le sud-est du pays, que les termes <strong>de</strong> "massacre" ou "génoci<strong>de</strong>". Quant au Prési<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

Kenan Evren, il est persuadé que les attaques <strong>de</strong>s maquisards <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s sont le résultat<br />

d'un complot ouest-européen dont l'unique objectif serait <strong>de</strong> séparer le sud-est<br />

turc du reste <strong>de</strong> la Turquie. Cependant, une chose est sOre : une guerre civile<br />

meurtrière - oil la vie d'un homme ne compte plus beaucoup - a lieu aujourd'hui<br />

dans les montagnes du Kurdistan. Les attaques <strong>de</strong> la guerilla <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> om fait ces<br />

<strong>de</strong>rnières semaines <strong>de</strong>s dizaines <strong>de</strong> victimes, dont <strong>de</strong>s civils, tandis que les unités<br />

antHnsurrectionnelles <strong>de</strong> l'armée <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> la police font rl>gner un rt'>gime <strong>de</strong> terreur.<br />

A cela il faut ajouter les déportations <strong>de</strong> masse dont It' gouvern,'ment pense qu'elles<br />

vont résoudre 'Ie "problème <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>".<br />

La conséquence immédiate <strong>de</strong> ce cercle infernal violenct'/contr('-\'lOlence est une<br />

radicalisation croissante <strong>de</strong> la population <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, dans le SUd-t'~1 ('omme dans les<br />

villes.<br />

Les déclarations officielles <strong>et</strong> la presse ne cessent d.. lann'r dl' v{'ritables appt~ls cl<br />

la vengeance. A les croire, le sud-est du pays connaTtrait uc:tuellement un génoci<strong>de</strong>,<br />

plus terrible encore que celui perpétré contre les Arméniens au d(>but du siècle. La<br />

télévision d'Etat parle <strong>de</strong> la "barbarie <strong>de</strong>s bandits séparatistes" <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s citoyens Interrogés<br />

dans la rue se déclarent pr<strong>et</strong>s a "prendre imml'diatement les armell" contr,'<br />

ces "ennemis <strong>de</strong> l'Etat".<br />

Le pouvoir cel1lr


(SUITE)<br />

Le système <strong>de</strong>s mlUces<br />

E" aoOt I qRS. le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt Evren a ordonné d'armer les civils :"11 faut couper la<br />

t'ête au serpent tant qu'il est encore jeune", proclame-t-i1, pensant avoir trouvé<br />

avec la formation <strong>de</strong> milices populaires une métho<strong>de</strong> efficace pour combattre l<strong>et</strong>errorisme.<br />

Ironie <strong>de</strong> l'histoire : peu après le putsch. dont l'objectif déclaré était<br />

précisément "l'élimination" du terrorisme, le Général Evren avait donné l'ordre à<br />

toutes les armées privées opérant dans 1£ su i-est <strong>de</strong> déposer les armes. Dans la jolie<br />

p<strong>et</strong>ite ville <strong>de</strong> Siverek, proche <strong>de</strong> la frontière syro-turque, le neveu du gros propriétaire<br />

terrien Bucak nous a fièrement exhibé, troi~ ans plus tard, sa collection<br />

d'armes - les militaires n'avaient apparemment pas trop insisté sur c<strong>et</strong>te mesure<br />

dans le sud-est <strong>de</strong> l'Anatolie marqué par <strong>de</strong>s structure'S féodales•••<br />

Avec l'ordonnance <strong>de</strong> 1985, ces armées privées sont donc à nouveau légalisées <strong>et</strong><br />

équipées <strong>de</strong> moyens mo<strong>de</strong>rnes par l'Etat. Des paysans pauvres <strong>et</strong> démunis se joignent<br />

aux milices pour s'assurer un bon revenu : ils gagnent 75.000 livres turques,<br />

soit <strong>de</strong>ux fois le salaire moyen d'un 'journalier.<br />

"Des citoyens loyaux envers l'état ont été choisis par les forces <strong>de</strong> sécurité pour<br />

former la milice; ce choix, a lui seul, désigne automatiquement les autres citoyens<br />

comme <strong>de</strong>s ennemis <strong>de</strong> l'armée <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> l'état", explique l'Intellectuel <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> Halil-Bey*.<br />

"Pas seulement parce que l'arme confère a celui qui la porte un pvuvolr<br />

sociologique. L'expérience a montré que ces armes ont surtout servi a régler <strong>de</strong>s<br />

comptes personnels."<br />

De macabres histoires sur la façon dont les milices conçoivent l'exercice du pouvoir<br />

ont fait le tour <strong>de</strong> la presse turque au début <strong>de</strong> l'année : le magazine politique<br />

"Yeni Guen<strong>de</strong>m" a parlé <strong>de</strong> cadavres décapités <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> têtes empalées. Un milicien<br />

touche 2 mil1lons <strong>de</strong> livres turques par "tête <strong>de</strong> terroriste". Mais en l'occurrence,<br />

dans l'affaire que relate "Yeni Guen<strong>de</strong>m", il ne s'agissait que d'un simple berger -<br />

<strong>de</strong>s histoires horribles difficiles a concilier avec la <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> d'adhésion <strong>de</strong> la Turquie<br />

à la Communauté Européenne.<br />

Pourtant, "les milices ont détourné l'attention que les terroristes portaient aux<br />

soldats", se félicitait le Ministre <strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur, Akbulut, au début <strong>de</strong> ('année <strong>de</strong>vant<br />

le Parlement à Ankara. C<strong>et</strong>te déclaration était justifiée, car les milices sont <strong>de</strong>venues<br />

la cible principale <strong>de</strong>s rebelles <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s - <strong>et</strong> pas seulement du "Parti <strong>de</strong>s Travailleurs<br />

du Kurdistan" (PKK). La guérl11a<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> s'en prend aux miliciens parce qu'ils<br />

sont armés, mais aussi parce qu'ils passent pour être les principaux informateurs <strong>de</strong>s<br />

forces <strong>de</strong> sécurité turques. Selon <strong>de</strong>s rapports <strong>de</strong> témoins <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te région, ce soupçon<br />

est loin d'être infondé <strong>et</strong> l'idée d'engager <strong>de</strong>s autochtones comme agents <strong>de</strong>s<br />

services secr<strong>et</strong>s était bien celle - faut-II s'en étonner ? - <strong>de</strong>s généraux après le<br />

putsch <strong>de</strong> 1980. "Ankara voulait étouffer dans l'oeuf la renaissance <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>et</strong> utilisait<br />

<strong>de</strong>s <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s d~'S ce 'but - avec ou sans violence -. Les autochtones sont après tout<br />

les meilleurs experts <strong>de</strong> la situation", dit Husseyin*, qui ne fait pourtant pas partie<br />

d'ull group~ militant ni ne soutient les forces que l'on nomme aujourd'hui<br />

"séparatistes" en Turquie.<br />

La politique officielle<br />

)resser les <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s les uns contre les autres <strong>et</strong> faire <strong>de</strong>s démonstrations <strong>de</strong> force<br />

lécrösée dans le sang dans la région <strong>de</strong> Dersim - aujourd'huI 'I unceli.<br />

Bilan: <strong>de</strong>s centaines <strong>de</strong> milliers <strong>de</strong> victimes <strong>et</strong> plus d'un million <strong>de</strong> déportés.<br />

..<br />

"Les nègres<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Turquie"<br />

12<br />

Dps c<strong>et</strong>te époque, <strong>et</strong> à commencer pör le "père <strong>de</strong>s Turcs" Kemal Atati.Jrk, les auluntés<br />

d'Ankara n'ont toujours voulu dans leur république que <strong>de</strong>s wfurcs fiers <strong>de</strong><br />

l'êlre''. Le terme <strong>de</strong> "Turcs <strong>de</strong>s montagnes", employé pour désigner les Kur<strong>de</strong>s pendant<br />

longtemps, exprime bien à quel point le régime niait l'existence même d'un<br />

peuple <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>et</strong> démontrait à son endroit un évi<strong>de</strong>nt mépris.<br />

C<strong>et</strong>te attitu<strong>de</strong> ne caractérise pas seulement les autorités. Certains intellectuels<br />

turcs, qui connaissent pourtant tous les mouvements idéologiques ainsi que la problématique<br />

<strong>de</strong>s minorités partout où elles existent dans le mon<strong>de</strong>, ont été plus qU2<br />

réticents à l'égard <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Turquie. Ils auraient préféré les dissimuler à l'opInion<br />

publique internationale. Non pas par calcul politique mais parce q~e, pour l'intelligentsia<br />

turque occi<strong>de</strong>ntalisée, la population <strong>de</strong>s provinces du sud-est n'es~ que la<br />

quintessence <strong>de</strong> la paysannerie pauvre, sale, pitoyable, <strong>de</strong> l'esprit arriéré anatolien.<br />

Une honte pour une nation mo<strong>de</strong>rne en plein essor, ces "nègres" <strong>de</strong> la Turquie:<br />

Dans les années 70, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s ont vécu cependant une sorte <strong>de</strong> renaissance culturelle<br />

<strong>et</strong> voté massivement pour <strong>de</strong>s maires <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s aux élections municipales. A<br />

l'£poque, Mehdi Zana avait été élu maire <strong>de</strong> la ville <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir; aujourd'hL;i, il<br />

végète dans la prison qui a la plus mauvaise réputation <strong>de</strong> toute la Turquie (on y<br />

)


,<br />

(SUITE)<br />

torture couramment), celle <strong>de</strong> Diyarbakir précIsément.<br />

"Il est absur<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> déclarer inexistant tout un peuple", commentait sèchement à Ankara<br />

un diplomate d'Europe <strong>de</strong> l'Ouest. Absur<strong>de</strong> effectivement, puisque les Kur<strong>de</strong>s<br />

représentent plus d'un cinquième <strong>de</strong> la population. Les Kur<strong>de</strong>s résidant dans les centres<br />

industriels <strong>de</strong> l'ouest du pays sont estimés à 2 millions; ils vivent pour la plupart<br />

dans les bidonvilles les plus misérables, les "Cecekondu". Les habitants d'lstambul<br />

les appellent souvent "les conquérants" en dénonçant avec mépris l'ignorance el<br />

le manque d'aptitu<strong>de</strong> a la civilisation <strong>de</strong> ces étrangers.<br />

On estime a 8 millions le nombre <strong>de</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s vivant dans les provinces du sud-est.<br />

Combiens sont-Ils exactement ? Personne ne peut le dire. Au cours du <strong>de</strong>rnier recensement<br />

en 1985, <strong>de</strong> p<strong>et</strong>its groupes <strong>de</strong> scientifiques ont pru<strong>de</strong>mment <strong>de</strong>mandé aux<br />

habitants <strong>de</strong> -l'Est s'lis pariaient, une langue étrangère, l'anglais. le français ou... le<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>. Ils ont été accusés <strong>de</strong> "vl~er le sentiment national", leur matériel a élé<br />

saisi, leur procès est encore en cours.<br />

En eff<strong>et</strong>, étant donné que les Kur<strong>de</strong>s n'existent pas, il ne doit pas y avoir non plus<br />

<strong>de</strong> langue <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>. La loi 2923, adoptée fin 1983, précise a l'article 3 : "La langue<br />

maternelle <strong>de</strong> tout citoyen turc est le turc". L'utilisation d'une langue maternelle<br />

non reconnue par la Turquie est sanctionnée d'une amen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> 100.000 Livres turques<br />

<strong>et</strong> d'une peine <strong>de</strong> un à trois ans <strong>de</strong> prison (art. 4). Tous manuscrits, livres ou enregistrements<br />

faits dans une langue non reconnue sont aussitOt saisis par les autorilés<br />

(art. 5).<br />

Répression d'état<br />

Dans le sud-est du pays, la répression prend beaucoup d'appellations différentes :<br />

dans les années 70, les unités <strong>de</strong> "contre-guérilla" entrainées aux "actions <strong>de</strong> guerre<br />

spéciale" étaient formées en Allemagne, aux Etats-Unis <strong>et</strong> dans les villes turques dl'<br />

Erzincan, Ankara <strong>et</strong> Diyarbakir. Elles y apprennent ce qUI est décrit comme leur<br />

tache principale dans le livre "Répression du soulèvement populaire : théorie <strong>et</strong><br />

pratique" <strong>de</strong> David Gallula, membre <strong>de</strong> la CIA. Parmi les métho<strong>de</strong>s favorites, l'utilisation<br />

délibérée du bruit <strong>de</strong>s "chopper" : <strong>de</strong>s hélicoptères volant a basse altitu<strong>de</strong><br />

pour terroriser la ,population - une métho<strong>de</strong> employée efficacement pendant la guerre<br />

du Vi<strong>et</strong>nam. L'humiliaùon <strong>de</strong>s civils, les arrestalions arbitraires <strong>et</strong> là toriure syslématlque<br />

font <strong>de</strong>puis longtemps partie du quotidien. Selon un rappon du "Part I 1'0-<br />

p~lalre Social-Démocrate" (SHP). on a recensé dans celte région plus <strong>de</strong> 800 disparus<br />

entre 1980 el 1984. La gendarmerie effectue <strong>de</strong>s razzias dans les vdlag('s, pill.,<br />

les paysans el organ;se les déportat ions <strong>de</strong> masse.<br />

Les déportations<br />

<strong>de</strong> masse<br />

"II étall CInq heures du matin. Le Major Naim Kurt, commandant <strong>de</strong> '..atalIIon du<br />

8ème corps d'armée est arrivé au village <strong>de</strong> Ormankoeyue avec quelqt'~3 dizaines dl'<br />

suldals", racontent d'anciens habitants qui vivent aujourd'hui è AkhISC" dans l'oue'l<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Turquie. En quelques minutes, tous les habitants du village ont été pousses<br />

sur la place el forcés <strong>de</strong> s'agenouiller. "Vous avez trois ;>ossibililés". a dil alors le<br />

:-'1aJor: "ou bien VOls <strong>de</strong>venez terroristes <strong>et</strong> vous partez dans la momagne, ou blt,,"<br />

vous ChOISissezd'elr~ <strong>de</strong>s informateurs ou alors vous Qu!ttez le nllage". L'ancien<br />

maire, Emir Ail Ka" légalement élu en 1980 puis <strong>de</strong>stitué <strong>de</strong>ux ans plus tard par<br />

les militaireS, a élé à tel point malmené Que ses cris <strong>de</strong> douleur am été entendus<br />

dans 10Ul le villatic el Jusque dans les collines environnantes. Le :--laJor Nairn Kun<br />

a accordé aux villag.;>ois un délai <strong>de</strong> réflexion <strong>de</strong> 20 jours. Cela se passaI! ell ;lOÛl<br />

, 985.<br />

:\ 13 l'Ill aoOl, les 40 familles <strong>de</strong> Ormankoeyue étaient prêtes à partir. Quclque~<br />

unes ont dO, sous 13 menace <strong>de</strong>s armes, détruire leur propre maison. "AinSI, vous Ill'<br />

pourrez Jamais revenir". En s'éloignant, les villageois ont aperçu leur village en<br />

flammes. Ormènkoeyue ne figurera plus sur la prochaine carte <strong>de</strong> TurqUie.<br />

Celle hlslr:lire a été racontée par le magazine <strong>de</strong> gauche "2oo0'e Dogru", débul<br />

aVril. Il n'y a eu III protestations, ni indignation dans le reste <strong>de</strong> ia presse. On s'esl<br />

comemé, en général, <strong>de</strong> parler du "programme <strong>de</strong> transfert <strong>de</strong> populatlon", euph~mlsme<br />

employé par le régime. Parmi les "bénéficiaires", on compte offiCieliemem<br />

;es 270 habitants <strong>de</strong> Ormankoeyue.<br />

Ce programme <strong>de</strong> transfert a été mis en place par le régime d'Oezal avec :J sel'<br />

qrigme, un décr<strong>et</strong> pour la protection <strong>de</strong>s forêts. En eff<strong>et</strong>, les articles 169 el liO<br />

<strong>de</strong> la ConslitutJ


,<br />

LA NOUVELLE REPUBLIQUE DU CENTRE OUEST<br />

Expulsés iraniens <strong>et</strong> Jwr<strong>de</strong>s :<br />

le P.s. conteste les mesures<br />

21.12.87<br />

L'agitation autour <strong>de</strong> l'expulsion<br />

<strong>de</strong> France vers le Gabon,<br />

d'opposants Iraniens <strong>et</strong><br />

turcs d'origine <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, a alIeint<br />

<strong>Paris</strong> où, aprés leurs familles,<br />

leurs avocats <strong>et</strong> le collectif <strong>de</strong>s<br />

organisations œuvrant pour le<br />

droit d'asile, le parU socialiste<br />

a décidé <strong>de</strong> se pencher sur leur<br />

cas à la lumière <strong>de</strong> la visite que<br />

vient d'effectuer é Libreville, le<br />

député Gilbert Bonnemaison,<br />

"Rafle»<br />

Selon le député socialiste,<br />

qui préconise le r<strong>et</strong>our <strong>de</strong>s expulsés,<br />

afin qu'Ils salent traduits,<br />

si besoin est, <strong>de</strong>vant la<br />

justice française, leur départ a<br />

revêtu - un caractére <strong>de</strong> rafle<br />

<strong>et</strong> non <strong>de</strong> mesures <strong>de</strong> sécurité<br />

pour l'ordre public -,<br />

M, Bonnemaison, rentré samedi<br />

matin <strong>de</strong> Libreville 09 Il a<br />

pu s'entr<strong>et</strong>enir avec les expulsés,<br />

a fait état, au cours<br />

d'une conférence' <strong>de</strong> presse,<br />

<strong>de</strong> leurs témoignages qu'II a<br />

enregistrés <strong>et</strong> qui décrivent le<br />

climat <strong>de</strong> violence <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> force<br />

dans lequel s'est effectué leur<br />

départ, le 8 décembre, <strong>de</strong> Is<br />

base militaire d'Evreux, aprés<br />

leur Interpellation la v\3ille. Le<br />

député avait été mandaté pour<br />

celle mission d'Information<br />

par le groupe socialiste <strong>de</strong><br />

l'Assemblée nationale présidé<br />

par M, Pierre Joxe,<br />

De son cOté, la Commission<br />

<strong>de</strong> recours <strong>de</strong>s réfugiés a examiné,<br />

samedi au palais <strong>de</strong> Justice<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>Paris</strong>, la <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s<br />

six avocats <strong>de</strong>s Iraniens expulsés<br />

concernant l'annulation<br />

<strong>de</strong>s arrêtés d'expulsion, Le ministre<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur, Charles<br />

Pasqua, a pris celle mesure<br />

selon la procédure - d'urgence<br />

absolue" <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> - nécessité Impérieuse<br />

pOLIrla sécurité nationale<br />

.. prévue par une ordonnance<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1944. La<br />

Commission <strong>de</strong> recours, qui<br />

siége é huis clos, donne au ministre<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur <strong>de</strong>s avis<br />

secr<strong>et</strong>s, Elle doit apprécier si<br />

les conditions prévues par<br />

celle ordonnance étalent réunies.<br />

Selon les avocats, le ministre<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'intérieur n'a apporté<br />

auc!!n documE\nt justifiant l'expulsion<br />

récente vers le Gabon<br />

<strong>de</strong>s quatorze opposants Iraniens<br />

selon la procédure<br />

d'- urgence aosolue ",<br />

M- Henri Leclorr:, Francis Teltgen<br />

<strong>et</strong> François Serres ont <strong>de</strong>mandé<br />

à la


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OUEST FRANCE 24.12.87<br />

Un travail pour son père<br />

•<br />

Ce p<strong>et</strong>it gerçon .ur le photo .'epp.lI. Maylr. Il • 9 an •• Il vit eh.z •••<br />

grand.-perent. mat.m.l. ill aazlant.p, un. vIII. moy.nn., loin ill l' •• t<br />

d'I.tenbul, en Kurdl.tan turc. D.pul. trol. an •• t d.ml, ••• parent., rtlug'"<br />

politiques en Frenee, .t ••• p.tlt. Ir'r.. vlv.nt • Mayenne. Avec une<br />

ob.ellion ; 'elr. v.nlr l'afn6 dont la molt" d. la vi ••••• t d6JiII d6roul6. loin<br />

d'eux.<br />

lL'hlstolre <strong>de</strong> Meylr, ce p<strong>et</strong>it garçon<br />

<strong>de</strong> Gaziantep, celle <strong>de</strong> Gulu.<br />

zar, sa mère, <strong>de</strong> Mehm<strong>et</strong>, son<br />

père, se conjuguent avec l'histoire<br />

tourmentée <strong>de</strong>s Kur<strong>de</strong>s, Répartis<br />

sur l'Irak, l'Iran, la Turquie, mordant<br />

sur la Syrie <strong>et</strong> l'URSS, les<br />

Kur<strong>de</strong>s occupent un territoire plus<br />

grand que la France, Différents<br />

sur le plan <strong>et</strong>hnique <strong>et</strong> culturel<br />

<strong>de</strong>s populations avec lesquelles lia<br />

cohabitent, les Kur<strong>de</strong>s ont toujours<br />

lait valoir leur originalité, Au<br />

prix du sang le plus souvent, déclenchant<br />

le cycle Infernal <strong>de</strong>a révoltes<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s répressions sanglan.<br />

tes. En Turquie, parler <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est<br />

Interdit, vivre • la <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> est réprimé,<br />

encore plus <strong>de</strong>puis "arrivée<br />

au pouvoir d'un gouvernement militaire<br />

en 1980.<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong>, • la fois Kur<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong> syndicaliste,<br />

a connu les tracasseries,<br />

les séjours au commissariat, les<br />

amis emprisonnés <strong>et</strong> pendus.<br />

Avec l'argent collecté dans la famille,<br />

Il paie un pasteur pour franchir<br />

clan<strong>de</strong>stinement la frontière<br />

avec la Syrie. Puis c'est un long<br />

périple <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux mois (mal <strong>et</strong> juin<br />

1983) qui le conduit en Grèce, en<br />

Italie, puis en France. Il y obtient<br />

la carte <strong>de</strong> rélugié fin iuill<strong>et</strong><br />

Trois mois plus tard, Guluzar<br />

emprunte les mêmes chemins détournés,<br />

portant les <strong>de</strong>ux plus jeu-.<br />

nes enlants, les jumeaux Huseyin<br />

<strong>et</strong> Dervis, qui ont tout Juste treize<br />

mois. Impossible, aiors, dans les<br />

conditions du voyage clan<strong>de</strong>stin<br />

<strong>et</strong> difficile, <strong>de</strong> s'occuper du grand.<br />

Mayir, qui a presque 5 ens. Pour<br />

la mère <strong>de</strong> Guluzar, Il est aussi<br />

plus facile <strong>de</strong> prendre en charge<br />

un enfant déJ. grand. DepuiS ce<br />

Jour <strong>de</strong> septembre 1983, la famille<br />

<strong>de</strong> Mehm<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> Guluzar Ari n'a<br />

pu se réunir.<br />

LE FIGARO<br />

COMMERCE<br />

EXTE1


,<br />

. (SUITE)<br />

Vne telle opération valait<br />

donc que le ministre français<br />

du Commerce extérieur sacrifiât<br />

aux cérémonies d'usage:<br />

signature <strong>de</strong>s documents à<br />

l'hôtel <strong>de</strong> ville d'Istanbul, réception<br />

<strong>et</strong> déjeuner du gouverneur<br />

<strong>de</strong> la ville au palais<br />

<strong>de</strong> Topkapi, visite à la chambre<br />

<strong>de</strong> commerce, <strong>et</strong> dîner<br />

donné par le maire, Bedr<strong>et</strong>tin<br />

DalIan en sa rési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong><br />

Sari Kosk.<br />

Il est vrai aussi que les<br />

relations commerciales<br />

franco-turques reviennent <strong>de</strong><br />

loin. De l'affaire chypriote au<br />

vote, par le Parlement euro.<br />

péen, d'une motion reconnais.<br />

sant l'existence du génoci<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>s lCur<strong>de</strong>s, les suj<strong>et</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

brouillé entre les <strong>de</strong>ux pays<br />

n'ont pas manqué. Avec leurs<br />

conséquences néfastes sur<br />

nos exportations vers ce marché.<br />

Résultat, nous ne som.<br />

mes plull que le sixième four.<br />

nisseur <strong>de</strong> la Turquie <strong>et</strong>, en<br />

<strong>de</strong>horl <strong>de</strong>i Airbus, nous n'oc.<br />

cupons que trois pour cent du<br />

marché, soit quatre fois<br />

moins que la RFA ou trois<br />

fois moins que les Etats-<br />

Vnis.<br />

Ainsi Michel Noir a saisi<br />

l'occasion <strong>de</strong> ce voya~e pour<br />

rencontrer au cours d une rapi<strong>de</strong><br />

escapa<strong>de</strong> vers Ankara le<br />

IatMbul : • mUllona d'habllen.<br />

<strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong> multiple. proje. d'6qulpemenla. (Photographie SIPA.)<br />

premier ministre Tur~ut<br />

Ozal, en compagnie <strong>de</strong> Bre.<br />

d<strong>et</strong>tin Dalan. Vne entrevue<br />

qui a permis d'évoquer ]es<br />

différents proj<strong>et</strong>s, essentiellement<br />

d'infrastructur88, aux.<br />

quels la France pourrait par.<br />

ticiper. Et ils lont nombreux.<br />

Vn temps mis en souf.<br />

france, l'équipement <strong>de</strong>s aéroports<br />

en radars Thomson revient<br />

à l'ördre du jour.<br />

Annulé brusquement au<br />

cours <strong>de</strong> l'été <strong>de</strong>rnier, ce<br />

contrat <strong>de</strong> quelque 400 mil.<br />

lions qu'avait remporté<br />

Thomson-CSF fait <strong>de</strong> nouveau<br />

l'obj<strong>et</strong> d'un appel d'of.<br />

fres qui, semble-toil, distingue<br />

mieux les équipements à vocation<br />

militaire - sur lesquels<br />

les Américains disposent<br />

<strong>de</strong> facto d'une priorité<br />

stratégique - <strong>et</strong> les radars<br />

civill pour lesquels les Fran.<br />

çais sont toujours en bonne<br />

place.<br />

Autres dossiers souvent<br />

évoqués, la construction d'un<br />

tunnel sous le Bosphore<br />

(3,5 milliards <strong>de</strong> francs <strong>de</strong> travaux)<br />

ou d'un nouveau pont<br />

(l milliard), l'installation<br />

d'u,p.lllétro dans la ville d'An.<br />

kara, la rénovation du réseau<br />

d'autobus d'Istanbul ou la<br />

construction d'un barrage <strong>de</strong><br />

réserve pour l'alimentation<br />

en eau <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te ville.<br />

Bref, les idées ne manquent<br />

pas. Mais sont-elles finançables<br />

? Pour le contrat<br />

gazier, la France a consenti<br />

<strong>de</strong>s efforts importants. Mais<br />

la Turquie reste confrontée à<br />

<strong>de</strong>s difficultés économiques<br />

sévères: inflation impression.<br />

nante (selon les prévisions <strong>de</strong><br />

l'OCDE, 41 % c<strong>et</strong>te année,<br />

36 % en 1988 <strong>et</strong> 33 % en 1989),<br />

ralentissement <strong>de</strong> la croissance<br />

entraînant une nécessaire<br />

réduction <strong>de</strong>s dépenses<br />

publiques.<br />

Aussi, pour réaliser cee<br />

équipements, les autorités locales<br />

recourent <strong>de</strong> plus en<br />

plus souvent au système <strong>de</strong>s<br />

BOT, proche, par exemple,<br />

<strong>de</strong>s concessions d'autoroutes<br />

à péage pratiquées en France.<br />

Envisagé, par exemple, pour<br />

le métro d'Ankara, ce 'Y"<br />

tème laisse à la charge <strong>de</strong><br />

l'entreprise qui le réalisera,<br />

une part non négligeable <strong>de</strong>.<br />

l'investissement <strong>et</strong> donc du<br />

risque commercial.<br />

Quelle peut être c<strong>et</strong>tf'<br />

part? 50 % ou plus? C'est là<br />

que rési<strong>de</strong> toute la difficulté.'<br />

Q.,.<br />

L'ECHO REPUBLICAIN DE LA BEAUCE ET DU PERCHE 29.12.87<br />

M. Ali SenguL prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'Amicale <strong>de</strong>s travailleur:3<br />

Notre ami a été torturé<br />

Lei lOllllllUllelute Turque <strong>et</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong> droualse est Inqui<strong>et</strong>e. Selon son representant, All<br />

Senyul HusseYln Kllnc, expulse vers son pays d'origine le 16 décembre <strong>de</strong>rnier, aurait<br />

<strong>et</strong>c torture pendant sept Jours dans un commissarIat d'lstambul<br />

,'ILS ont brûlé Husseyin<br />

avec une cigar<strong>et</strong>te.<br />

ils lui ont appliqué<br />

sur le corps <strong>de</strong>s barres<br />

<strong>de</strong> fer chauffées ci blanc. ils<br />

l'ont obligé ci marcher sur <strong>de</strong>s<br />

morceaux <strong>de</strong> verre <strong>et</strong> ils lui ont<br />

mis du courant sur son sexe ".<br />

affmne M. Sengul. • La torture<br />

pratiquée dans un commissariat<br />

d'Istambul a duré pendant<br />

sept jours ". poursuit-il.<br />

Affirmation gratuite? Peutêtre,<br />

Une chose est sûre: nous<br />

ne pouvons pas la vérifier. M.<br />

Ali Sengul affirme détenir c<strong>et</strong>te<br />

vérité <strong>de</strong> la bouche même <strong>de</strong> M.<br />

Husseyin Kline, ce Drouais<br />

arrêté à Chartres le 16 décembre<br />

<strong>de</strong>rnier, alors qu'il al.<br />

lait réclamer une carte <strong>de</strong><br />

séjour à la préfecture.<br />

• Husseyin m'a appelé<br />

d'Istämbul mercredi <strong>de</strong>rnier c<br />

raconte M. Sengul, • il a été<br />

remis en liberté ce.jour là car il<br />

a réussi à prendre un avocat. Il<br />

doit néanmoins pointer tous les<br />

jours au commissariat <strong>et</strong> j'ai<br />

bien peur que la torture reo<br />

prenne c.<br />

Les expulsions :<br />

une inquiétu<strong>de</strong><br />

A travers ce fait, M. Ali<br />

Sengul se fait le porte-parole<br />

<strong>de</strong>s 250 turcs <strong>et</strong> Kur<strong>de</strong>s adhérents<br />

à son amicale. c Nous<br />

sommes tous inqui<strong>et</strong>s <strong>de</strong>s<br />

mesures d'expulsJon c dit.il.<br />

• Cela a commencé à Dreux en<br />

octobre <strong>de</strong>rnier. Ali Ekbar<br />

Erlas, 24 ans, qui habitait<br />

avenue du Général-Leclerc, refugié<br />

politique lui aussi, a été<br />

envoyé à Istambul. Puis, ça été<br />

le tour <strong>de</strong> M. Kline ... c<br />

Toujours selon M. Sengul,<br />

M. Hassan Beli, également domicilié<br />

à Dreux, serait introuvable<br />

<strong>de</strong>puis le 17 novembre.<br />

• C<strong>et</strong> bomme n'a pas encore<br />

son statut <strong>de</strong> réfugié politi9.ue<br />

<strong>et</strong> sa carte <strong>de</strong> séjour nest<br />

valable que jusqu'au 5janvier.<br />

Il a pns peur <strong>et</strong> personne,<br />

parmi nous. ne Sdit où il est<br />

passé c.<br />

Le prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'amicale<br />

<strong>de</strong>s travaillellrs turcs brandit<br />

un _journal d'opposition au<br />

ré~e turc, Hüniy<strong>et</strong> (la République).<br />

On y voit, en première<br />

page, la photographie d'un<br />

homme torse nu portant <strong>de</strong>s<br />

traces <strong>de</strong> brûlures. • Depuis<br />

1980, 250.000 personnes ont<br />

é~é ~onduites ~s <strong>de</strong>s prisons<br />

dlswnbul <strong>et</strong> d'Ankara c dit.il<br />

• Ceux qui ont trouvé refuge e~<br />

France ~ 'Olltpas tous la preuve<br />

<strong>de</strong> leur passge en prison. Ils<br />

rencontrent donc <strong>de</strong>s difficultés<br />

pour obtenir leur statut<br />

<strong>de</strong> r6fugiés politique. C'est le<br />

C4S <strong>de</strong> n~s trois camara<strong>de</strong>s c.<br />

M. Ali SenguI fait enfm<br />

appel aux démocrates pour<br />

qu'ils soutiennent activement<br />

la co'mmunauté Turque <strong>et</strong><br />

Kur<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Dreux.<br />

17


c!<br />

. ~ ._______ ~<br />

---~<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE DECEMBRE/87<br />

•<br />

l=' .... riC Eo -- l ~- ..= n- 1.(' r ~-. dis t .3 n<br />

Gr ve d~ la faim <strong>de</strong> s~mpalhisanls <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s pour p~olester conlre l'expulsion <strong>de</strong><br />

ré UGiés politiQues<br />

PAqIS, 18 déc (AFP) - Une dizaine <strong>de</strong> s~mpalhisants du Fronl <strong>de</strong> Libéralion<br />

nationale du Kurdislan onl enlamé Jeudi une Gréve <strong>de</strong> la faim illimilée dans<br />

l'éGlise Sainl-Merri ~ <strong>Paris</strong> pour prolesler conlre l'expulsion, mardi vers le<br />

Gabon, <strong>de</strong> trois réfUGiés politiQues lurcs, membres du Fronl.<br />

Selon un porle-parole du Comilé du Kurdislan à <strong>Paris</strong>, les trois personnes<br />

expulsées selon la procédure d'urGence absolue vers libreville, sonl <strong>de</strong>s<br />

~.'éf;o~Giéslalulai~'es el la décision <strong>de</strong> les expuls<strong>et</strong>' "esl illéGale". Les<br />

Grévistes <strong>de</strong> la faim <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>nl leur relour en France.<br />

~R~8724 4 ~ 0078 SU! /AFP-DM12<br />

Sl;:. ss e-F.o'.:?;,ce<br />

~: C0~5Ul~t <strong>de</strong> France à Zurich occupé par <strong>de</strong>s ~~r<strong>de</strong>s<br />

!!s o~t lous été con~~it_s ~I.l 0, n.stp_c'o o.c~ll'Co_ p,... ,..'...•'.'r',<br />

~ ~ ~- ~ 4 co~t~Ô!e dti~~~titè.<br />

Le c0~s~12t ; cortè plainte pour violation <strong>de</strong> ~o~~ci!e~<br />

rq~Q38~ ~ : C2S3 Fq~ /A~~-!~22<br />

r:- :.•.. :' ~ .:- .~ - \ '..i rO• .; s<br />

L Eo~. : >-.,) ~ S -: I~p-'cs C I (d ....~ Gi ~!.;. ~


•<br />

AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE<br />

I~' .ar: _C ~ a '":co?- Pg<br />

~a~i~pstatio~ ~e ~u~<strong>de</strong>5 ~eva~t l '~mbassado? ~e CAa~c. a ~~ ~a~e<br />

'-f. l..'AYE,~1 céc (l\'='P) - U~!!? t.~er"!taii""e <strong>de</strong> K""'<strong>de</strong>s Or-,t :':,)QI.lé- Vo?-i~!"'ec;<br />

penG&~t un~ heure l 'e~tré~ <strong>de</strong> ! '~~bassa<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> ~~~nce ~ La Ha~e ~o~r ~roles~e~<br />

'co~lre !es récentes expulsions vers le Gabon <strong>de</strong> réfUGiés i"'aniens <strong>et</strong>. t~"'cs ~~<br />

Fra~ce, a annoncé u~ porle-~2role <strong>de</strong> l'ambassa<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Selon ce porle-pa~ole, les ~a~ifestantsl Qui se réclime~t du "Fro,t ce<br />

Liberat.io~ du Kurdisla~", o~l remis A l'ambassa<strong>de</strong> u~e pétition ~ans la~ue:l.<br />

ils ex:ae~t le r<strong>et</strong>our <strong>de</strong>s op~osa~ts iraniens <strong>et</strong> d~ tro~s Ku~<strong>de</strong>s expulsés au<br />

<strong>de</strong>but ce c<strong>et</strong>te se~ai~e vers le Gabon pa~ les autorités ~ranca:ses.<br />

. Les ~anifestant.s, Qui menaÇaient d'.nta~er une G"'~ve ce 1~ ~ai~ ~evar~<br />

l'ambassa<strong>de</strong> s'ils r'obte~aie~t eas satisfaction, o~t Qu:tté les !~e~~ c!~~s 'f<br />

cal~e pe~ apr~s 12 ~eu"'es, S~'" j~Jo~ctio~ <strong>de</strong> la Do!:ce.<br />

C" .... ~ -. c~ -~-{ur'ce s<br />

?rot.estat.io~ <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong> aprés l'e~pulsion <strong>de</strong> trois Tu"'cs<br />

BRUXELLES, 11 déc (AFP) - Le représentant en ~uro~e ~~ e~0~~ Ce Li~è~atio-<br />

~al~on~~~ du Kurdistan (FLNK), M. Huse~in Vidi~i~, ~ ~~ot~st.é v~~d~~ci ~<br />

8rux~!:esl au cours d'une conférence <strong>de</strong> press~, co~t~~ !'ex?u!s~o~, ~~~ci<br />

d~~~ie~ vers le Ga~on, <strong>de</strong> trois ressortissants lu~cs d'0'-~ci~~ \~rce.<br />

Les trois Turcs ont été ~xouls~s e~ ~~~e t~~os O~D ~, ~:~0sa~~s Ir2~~~~S.<br />

Ces ~e~so~~es ~'étajent pa~ ~e~bres ~cti~s d'~"~ ~~~'-'~2~~~~ ~t~=~G?~~ o~<br />

~~~::~~ctl:~~:~ ;~~~:~:~;: ~:"~::~:~:?~,e:~~~::~~~~:i:~;c~~:<br />

~~~~:~:~'~:~:I~~è:i~~:~:~~~~:~~:~ii~~~:~<br />

~ •. :. -::'. -? = '.!'}' ~C ~ ~ 2 '3 31_~'''.?~. i?~t dO .ç-.;.~ . ..-.-:~ l't)':>j e+_ <strong>et</strong>=? C-')!)~.''''.: ~ 4:.-: 5 J '..'C, ~ C: ..;j '; ~.=S<br />

.-:: - ::. - (: -:' -'.=. \ .~. -? C -? v.~i-=:- ~_ !O ~ S ~t ,.-. '? ~ '< c !) 1s ~ s .'<br />

~ v ~ ~ ,:' ~." : ..... ~ ] eel"': s è ~.:~Sq:~d f?" 1.~ q c ~, ';. S'.' i:',-.\~,,;:. +_ ' _ '-.-:,"'- r.' -:- \.J I ~ +_ •• :". fi ~ :' f;<br />

r ,.,- -= " ,-,=, c ..... ~:: T I .I~. C: I.J !.;., ~:-.r' ~4 to'. ~':';. do? l .::' (1? "l" (\ C t... ~ +_ i,~ ,;:.. "'_ (1:"4<br />

~~)_.7-~''::' .'!,--. ,.,-i_ :=:'::;lSt'4 Ct?5 Il.~C~('~''~S sec •.."=,t~ll,,<br />

TurQuIe-Kur<strong>de</strong>s flti<br />

Des aGha <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s au parlement turc<br />

MARDIN (TurQuie), 7 <strong>de</strong>c (AFP) - Ils sont aGha --chefs <strong>de</strong> clans-- en pa~s<br />

<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, a l'extreme sud-est <strong>de</strong> la TurQuie. Ils ont choisi d'aller sieGer a la<br />

nouvelle assemblee nationale a Ankara, pour <strong>de</strong>fendre les droits <strong>de</strong> leur<br />

comoil.lnal.lte.<br />

Mais les aGha Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk <strong>et</strong> Nur<strong>et</strong>tin Yilmaz n'ont pas encot~e pris l'avion<br />

pour la capitale, une semaine apres leur triomphe aux elections leGislatives<br />

du 29 novembt'e. Ils resteront plusieurs Jours dans leurs fiefs pour celebrer<br />

leUt~ victoire.<br />

Au bout d'un chemin <strong>de</strong> terre, pres <strong>de</strong> Kiziltepe, a la frontiere s~rienne,<br />

la forteresse d'Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk est Gar<strong>de</strong>e par <strong>de</strong>s hommes e~ at~mes, le keffieh sur<br />

la t<strong>et</strong>e, <strong>de</strong>s cartouchieres barrant la poitrine. "Nous sommes en vend<strong>et</strong>ta avec<br />

d'autres familles <strong>de</strong> la reGion", expliQuera plus tard Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk dans la cour<br />

du chateau, dont les murs sont perces <strong>de</strong> meurtrieres.<br />

Dans une Gran<strong>de</strong> salle rectanGulaire chauffee par un poele, une centaine <strong>de</strong><br />

pa~sans sont assis sur <strong>de</strong>s coussins bro<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> fils d'or. TOllS parlent le <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>.<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk, un homme brun <strong>et</strong> sec d'une Quarantaine d'annees v<strong>et</strong>u d'un<br />

costume GrIS bien coupe, Quilte la place d'honneur, pour saluer les nouveaux<br />

arrivants <strong>et</strong> leur faire offrir une GorGee <strong>de</strong> cafe amer.<br />

If)


DECEMBRE/87<br />

turQuie-<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>s<br />

Des aGha<br />

flt2<br />

..----..------.--.---. ~--. ------------------.----.--- "- _A-<br />

-----:----.--- --,---. -. --~---------- •<br />

AGENCE :FRANCE PRESS'E<br />

MARDIN - Il expliQue Que sa famille esl proprielaire <strong>de</strong> 35.000 hectares<br />

dans la reGion. les mela~ers produisent du ble, <strong>de</strong> l'orGe <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong>s lenlilles.<br />

Mais il n'~ a pas assez d'eau pour faire du colon. "les choses vont peut-<strong>et</strong>re<br />

chanGer avec le proj<strong>et</strong> Gap", le GiGanteSQue chantier <strong>de</strong> bart'aGes <strong>et</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

.s~stemes d'irriGation lance par le Gouvernement sur le TiGre <strong>et</strong> l 'Euphral~.<br />

Depuis plusieurs annees, Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk hesite entre la froh<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong> le jeu<br />

!politiQue leGal. Depute <strong>de</strong> 1973 a 1980, il a c~nnu <strong>de</strong>ux fois la prison, en<br />

i1981 <strong>et</strong> au <strong>de</strong>but <strong>de</strong> c<strong>et</strong>te annee, pour' 'aclivisme contre l'Etat" el<br />

lpropaGan<strong>de</strong> in<strong>de</strong>penda~liste. En clair, on,lui repr~che <strong>de</strong> soulen~r l~ parli <strong>de</strong>s<br />

travailleurs <strong>de</strong> Kurdistan (PKK, clan<strong>de</strong>stin) la principale OrGanisation <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

Ilen lutle arme~ conlre le pouvoir cenlra~: "le Gouvernemenl essaie <strong>de</strong> nous<br />

,faire laire, 11 aGit par la force", affirme Ahm<strong>et</strong> Turk.<br />

Tel est le but poursuivi par Nurellin Yilmaz,aulre seiGneur local, a<br />

'QuelQues dizaines <strong>de</strong> kilom<strong>et</strong>res plus a l'esl. lui aussi reclame la<br />

modification du co<strong>de</strong> penal turc, <strong>et</strong> la leGalisalion <strong>de</strong>s mouvemenls communisles<br />

el e;


• • DECEMBRE/87<br />

AGENCE<br />

FRi\NCE<br />

PRESSE<br />

MARDIN - Dans so~ fief <strong>de</strong> Cizre, une bourr.a<strong>de</strong> enva~li~ par <strong>de</strong>s milliers d~<br />

camions en transit vers l'irak, Nur<strong>et</strong>tin Yilmaz reGne en chef incvnte~te.<br />

Des Jours durant, pendant la campaGne electorale, la foule a '-rie<br />

"Nur<strong>et</strong>tln tl..4sauves l'est", "Yilmaz tl..1es le pIllS Gt~and".<br />

C<strong>et</strong> avocat trapu d'Une cinQuantaine d'ànnè~ ~ux chev~ux arGent~s, a Is<br />

moustache G~nereuse, a lui al.lssi <strong>et</strong>e arr<strong>et</strong>e ~our activite~ s~dili~uses <strong>et</strong><br />

propaGan<strong>de</strong> <strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong>, a lors QU' il mil ita it dans 1E< fo'Iol",v':>ll,enl P ....ur 1", pa ~>.:. " L.:-s<br />

diriGeants sont tres durs <strong>et</strong> meprisants a l'eGard d~s Gens d'ici ••. Il H a<br />

QuelQues annees encore, c<strong>et</strong>te reGion <strong>et</strong>ait un~ terre d'eXlI, Et ~~ur les<br />

fonctionnair'es, c'<strong>et</strong>ait I",nepunition d'~ <strong>et</strong>rE" E?nvo~e ••• La polic.e Frat.lIHl:tif.<br />

la terreur d'Elat", affirme-t-il<br />

Dans c<strong>et</strong> te "eG ion pl acel? sous 1e '~eGifîll? dl? l' .?tal d'ur Ge'l1


•<br />

~<br />

. ~ '<br />

nÏleIfiÎlltrli., .,."," Dlysibaklf Cezaevl'n<strong>de</strong>n tahl/ye edilmesln<strong>de</strong>n son~ra,<br />

Iklnel mutlulu~u sHfJ Mardin Mlll<strong>et</strong>veklll seçl/erek ya~ayan Ahm<strong>et</strong> TUrk, dan tarlhi<br />

K•• ,., K.neo ~atosunda, M<strong>et</strong>e Akyol'un da katlldlgl blr zlyaf<strong>et</strong> verdi. "Demokr •• I,ölenl"<br />

adl verI/en dav<strong>et</strong>te, Ahm<strong>et</strong> TUrk, yor sofralarmda konuklarma klzarm/~ kuzu <strong>et</strong>i Ikram<br />

<strong>et</strong>ti. Yemegln OstOne dav<strong>et</strong>filer "mm." içtiler. (FotoDr.f: ErtuDrul P/R/NÇÇ/O(}LU)<br />

~ KasP-1<br />

~ Kanco'da<br />

,enlik<br />

• M<strong>et</strong>e AKYOL<br />

• DIYARBAKIR'dan Vllz/yor<br />

• SHPDiyarbakir MIIl<strong>et</strong>vekill<br />

Türk, senllklere dO-<br />

!1ü~en kutlamalarda,<br />

partlslnln 76 oy farklyla<br />

kontenJan mlll<strong>et</strong>vekllllglnl<br />

ANAP'a kaptirmaSI<br />

yüzün<strong>de</strong>n sevlnclnln<br />

buruk oldugunu bellrttl<br />

lOMET Türk'ün- cezaevin--<br />

A <strong>de</strong>n tahhy~sini kutlamak<br />

amaelyla 10 gun once Kasr-I<br />

Konea'da ba~layan özgurlük ~öleni,<br />

miU<strong>et</strong>Vekiliseçilmesin<strong>de</strong>n sonra<br />

oneeki gün <strong>de</strong>mokrasi ~ölenine<br />

dönü~tü.<br />

Hamidiye Taburu Komutam<br />

olan <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>si HICl Sinan'm, Mardin'<br />

in Derik ilçesine bagh Ath köyün<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

bu tarihi ~atosunda ~imdi bin;<br />

leree ki~ilik Türk ailesi ve dosllan,<br />

yüzlerce ki~ilik yer sorralannda pilay<br />

ve kuzu k1zartmaIan yiyerek, al'-<br />

ran ve su içerek ailenin bugünkü en<br />

Hen ki~isi Ahmel Türk'ün mill<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

seçilmesini kutluyorlar.<br />

Kasr-l Kancv'da pazartesi günü<br />

ögle yemegi ile ba~layan ve geeenin<br />

geç saatlerine kadar sûren ~olene<br />

Türk ailesi ve dostIanyla birlikte ben<strong>de</strong><br />

dav<strong>et</strong>liydim.<br />

istanbul' dan l.S saatlik bir uçak<br />

yoleulugundan sonra geldigim Diyarbakir<br />

Havaalaru'nda ev sahlplerim<br />

beni ozel bir otomo"ille aldllar,<br />

Kasr-I Kaneo'ya götürdüler.<br />

Kasr-I Kaneo $atosu 5 dönümlük<br />

blr alamn ortasmda kurulmu~tu.<br />

A1amn ~evrcsi 4 melre kahnhgmda<br />

suri aria ç,'vrihydi. Surlarda<br />

yer yer kuçuk peneereier yard!. 01-<br />

~anYI ~ozleme ve dl~anya kar~1 savunma<br />

amiielyla yapllan bu peneereler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ba~ka Dir <strong>de</strong> geçit bo~lugu<br />

vardl surlarda.<br />

Çok yüksek <strong>de</strong>mir kapllarla örtülü<br />

bir ~eçit bo~luSunàan geçtik.<br />

Surlann iç böl~müne girdik.<br />

Kasr-I KaDco ~IOSU, yakla~l1kça<br />

büyüklügu daha da beliren bir<br />

dag zirvesi görkemiyle yükseliyordu<br />

kall:mlzda.<br />

~ato ve surlann arasmdaki alanda<br />

saYlslz olomobiller Sllalanml~tl.<br />

çogunur, b~lannda yöre<strong>de</strong> aga!<br />

<strong>de</strong>nilen heyaz önüler bulunan yüzieree<br />

ki~j, alanm bo~ bulabildikleri<br />

bölümkrind~ toplanml~lar bekliyorlard!.<br />

Surlann IÇbölümün<strong>de</strong>ki ayn bir<br />

yerle~im bölumlin<strong>de</strong>n Ulanan ta~<br />

merdivenler<strong>de</strong>n Ahmel Türk indi,<br />

merdivenler dlbin<strong>de</strong> bize "HOl<br />

gekliniz" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Ytizun<strong>de</strong> beliren sakallarmdan<br />

u,;-dört gundur lIral olmadlgl anla~i1lyordu_<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk'un avunlan çökmù~,<br />

gùzkrimn alund. jerin çukuriar<br />

olulmustu_<br />

"Cezaevin<strong>de</strong> Ülu1müllüm. Çakir<br />

Ç1kmlz ise, kendime bakmau<br />

final bullmadan propaganda çab~mllanal<br />

bqladJm" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Turn ailesi ve dostlan O"'1n mill<strong>et</strong>vekili<br />

seçilmesinin sevmcini y~arken,<br />

kendisi bu sevinçten en urak<br />

bir pay alamadl8tOl söyled!.<br />

Aksine, Mardin'<strong>de</strong>ki seçim sonuçlanndan<br />

da çok uzgun oldugunu<br />

bildirdi.<br />

"76 oy farktyla koalenjan mü-<br />

IelveldllliiDi ANAP'I klpllrdJk"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Kasr-I Kaneo'nun uzun salonlanndan<br />

birine goturdu beni Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Türk. Duvarlar boyunca üstleri hall<br />

kapb keçeler SIlalannu~lIyere. Bunlann<br />

üstün<strong>de</strong> konuklar bagda~ kurmu~lar,<br />

slrtlanm duvara dayarm~lardl.<br />

AyakkabllanrlUll kapl girilin<strong>de</strong><br />

çlkanp çoraplanrruzla salona girdlgimiz<strong>de</strong><br />

bu konuklann tünü bir<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ayaga kalklilar là tek ho~ geldiniz<br />

<strong>de</strong>diler.<br />

Salonun ba~ kOjesin<strong>de</strong> ÜSI uste<br />

dizili iki yasll8tn bir yanma beni aldllar,<br />

öte yanma Ahmel Türk<br />

olurdu.<br />

"Yeme!Oer gel.WJ" <strong>de</strong>di Ahm<strong>et</strong><br />

Tûrk.<br />

Once ortuler serildi salonur,<br />

onumuz<strong>de</strong>ki bolluguna. Sonra kuruf3.\ulye<br />

tabaklan ve pilav, kuzu<br />

klzartmasllepsileri g<strong>et</strong>irildi. iki ki.<br />

~inin !al1dl8t yuyarlak tepsiler<strong>de</strong> PIlav<br />

daglan yard!. Bu pilav daglar:.<br />

run çevreleri ve tepeleri ktzarllll~ ku.<br />

zu pa.rçalanyla bezenmi~tÎ.<br />

Ahmel Turk, latodaki teldonundan<br />

kendisini diger kentler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

araYlp kutlayan aostlanna te~kkûr<br />

e<strong>de</strong>rken, yemegini yedikten sonra Çlkan<br />

konuklanm ugurlul'or. bir yandan<br />

da avluda bekleyen konukJann-<br />

Jan SIlaSIgelip <strong>de</strong> içeri girenleri kar-<br />

~Ihyordu kaplda.<br />

Yeni<strong>de</strong>n sorr.lar k~ruluyor. )erlere<br />

yeni<strong>de</strong>n ortüler serilivor. tepsi<br />

tepsi pilavlar kuru klzartmalan ge-<br />

Iiyordu le yüzlerce kilÎ >eni<strong>de</strong>n lemege<br />

ba~hl'ordu.<br />

Ahmel Türk'un m1l1<strong>et</strong>\ekJliseçiimesi<br />

vc bir daha kolal' kolaI' cezaevine<br />

girmel'ccegi olaYI kutlalll-<br />

)ordu. Gun<strong>de</strong> 3 bIO ki\;ye verikn<br />

brufasulyeh pilaI ve kuzu kllartmal;<br />

gorkcmh ll:.af<strong>et</strong>lerle.<br />

Termi.m.an<br />

2.12.87<br />

Pli,sa<br />

çacukdaha<br />

kaçlrdl<br />

(Tercü-<br />

Silopi<br />

D tYARBAKIR.<br />

mln)-- Mardin'in<br />

ve Midyat ilçelerine ba~h 5<br />

koye baskm düzenleyen bir<br />

grup bölücü eS;C1ya toplaUi<br />

34 çocu~u cla~a kaçudl.<br />

Alman bilgiye göre, önceki<br />

gün saat 20.30 Slralannda<br />

önce Silopi ilçesinin Balhkaya<br />

köyüne gelen sayllan belirsiz<br />

bir grup bölüeü ~klya,<br />

kimli~i henüz tesbit edilemeyen<br />

4 ÇOC\l~U dajta kaçlrdl.<br />

Daha soma Midyat'lI;<br />

Dergeçit bucatma bagh KuSlu::a,<br />

Onnaniçi, Kun<strong>de</strong>re ve<br />

Kuruea köylerine gelen e~klya<br />

grubunun, bu köyler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

<strong>de</strong> 5-IO'ar ki$i arasmda topla!n<br />

30 çoeugu kaçlrdlgl belirtildi.<br />

Olay üzerine bölge<strong>de</strong><br />

geni~ ';aph operasyon ba$la-<br />

I1ldl~J bildirildi.<br />

23


..<br />

3 •.12.87<br />

PKR'ya kar'I.PUMA~bdü~:'~~:=:"<br />

OFransa'dan klralanan 11puma hellkopterlyle<br />

özel timler, stcak bölgeler<strong>de</strong>kl len Alman ve Isvlçre patentll "smotrl"<br />

.Her türlü engebell arazl<strong>de</strong> kullanllabl.<br />

operasyonlarda kolayllkla Indlrme tanklarl da Uluda(j'In zlrvelerln<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>.<br />

yapabllecek<br />

nendl ve be(jenlldl<br />

DIYARBAKIR, MIL.HA<br />

10 ILAÖANÜSTÜ Hal Böige Valiligi'nce Güneydogu yöresin<strong>de</strong> kul.<br />

lamlmak üzere gelirilen Puma he1ikopterleri hizm<strong>et</strong>e gir~i,<br />

Güneydogu yöresin<strong>de</strong> yaklajlk üç Ylldan beri <strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>n teror<br />

olaylanna kar~l güvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerince kullamlmak üzere Fransa'dan ki.<br />

ralanan Puma helikopterlerin<strong>de</strong>n .l'ü, geçtigimiz hafta için<strong>de</strong> Diyarba.<br />

klr'a g<strong>et</strong>irildi.<br />

türlü ate~li silahlara dayamkh<br />

çelili zuhlarla donat1ld1&J helinili<br />

yor. Hassas bö1gelere, Puma heli<br />

kopteri<strong>et</strong> le özel timler kolayhkla<br />

indirme yapabileœk.<br />

.k<strong>et</strong> .<strong>de</strong> morile ediJebiliyor, Puma<br />

helikopterleri, nakliye ve harekât<br />

alanlannda dünyamn en geli~mi~ ve<br />

en hlzh helikopterleri arasmda yer<br />

al1yor.<br />

SMOTRI'LER DENENDI<br />

Öte yandan, SIßlr boylannda ve<br />

terörün yogun oldugu klrsal böigeler<strong>de</strong><br />

kullamlmaSl dÜ$ünülen Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

Almanya ve Isviçre patentli<br />

"Smolri" tanklan. Uludag'm zirvelerin<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>nendi.<br />

Saatte 290 kilomelre hlz yapabilen<br />

Puma 'Iar, 20 milim<strong>et</strong>relik iki<br />

top ~Iyor. Helikopterler<strong>de</strong> aynca<br />

7.62'lik iki makineli tüfek <strong>de</strong> !lulu-.<br />

nuyor, Puma 'lara, gerektigin<strong>de</strong> rosöz<br />

6.12.87<br />

• I ~ •• ~<br />

Seri operasyonlar sonucu gùç kaybe<strong>de</strong>n örgüt strateji <strong>de</strong>mtirdi<br />

PKK'nm ifresi özüIdü<br />

• ÎStihbarat birinùen yeni ÖrgùlleIimey'i~Çöiiierll!l'lœn Apo'nun.1 Çulloh ö."w,'m ,.rn dU","""", ._,<br />

yazlSlyla örgüt elemanlarma gön<strong>de</strong>rdigi einirleri <strong>de</strong> eIe geçirdi,EIe orgutun strateji ve taktigim,8tÙl!-tankendl ~l<br />

. . .. yaZlSI):'lakaleme ahnan emlrlen <strong>de</strong> eIe,geÇlgeçen<br />

belgeIe'r arasmda yem ~ifte alfabe <strong>de</strong> var ..' rildi. Orgüt elemanlanna <strong>de</strong>rs niteligi <strong>de</strong> ~I-<br />

. yan emirler 15 ana noktadan 61u~uyor. EIeçok<br />

dl1UIenlne gen~l<strong>et</strong>ilm~ örgüUenme mo- geçirilen belgelere göre Apo elemanlanm.<br />

o.eliyerini "Kavak agacl" adl verilen daral- "Gözcü noktasmdabulunmasi gereken al<strong>et</strong>-<br />

Sabri CANBEVLl / Ankara<br />

• ~". ". tiJ.ml~boyuna uzayan mo<strong>de</strong>le blrakt!. Yeni 1er, silahlara ait teknik bi1giler, karriuflaj bi-<br />

Do~ ve \.T,u~eydo~ Anadolu Bolgelerm- örgütlenme<strong>de</strong> olu~turulan ''Koordlnasyon çimleri, pusu kurma ve gerekleri, saldm ve<br />

<strong>de</strong> g,~,çekle~tmlen sen operasyonlardan son- , hücresl" direk merkez komiteye baglandl. savunmada yapùacak ~lerle komutamn gÖo<br />

:.a ç.okme .noktasma gelen. PKK adl1 aynhkçl Yerel lEmlsilciliklerle askeri ve propaganda revleri, askeri örgüUenme, silahh çat~mada<br />

orgut yemd~n l?parla?abllmek am!!C1ylaha- hücreleri ise koordinasyon hücresine bagh yerle~me biçimleri, Istihbilrat, polis operasrek<strong>et</strong>e<br />

geçtI, Ll<strong>de</strong>rlen Abdullah Ocalan'm . "yonlarmm taktigi, psikolojik sav~ taktikleri,<br />

b k I • d to I PKK " t d" "olarak çah~lrken merkez komlteyle hlç blr ~ 1 l' k h "<br />

a~ an 19m a p anan us uzey yo- k'ld -,' k" kl P d gerilla laa iy<strong>et</strong> erme ar~1 a nan onlemler,<br />

n<strong>et</strong>icileri eylemlerle ilgili strateji ve taktik- ~e I e ~~" lye gi~meyece er." ro~agan a <strong>de</strong>vrimci güçlerin emniy<strong>et</strong> cihazl, ~antaj yön-.<br />

ler<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>gi~iklik yaptl, ve ask~,n hucr~ler ISe saYllan bolgemn ko~u- temleri, tuzak yöntemleri ve aYllklanma"<br />

PKK üst düzey yöncticilerlnin loplantlsml luna .g~;,e <strong>de</strong>~ecek ~plara aY:lldl. :~r~l konularmda uyanyor.<br />

ögrenen istihbarat birimleri klsa bir çah~ma- ~msi1~h~kler Sekr<strong>et</strong>er ,~dlv~nlen kl~m~ Öte y,andan eIe geçen belgelere göre Abdan<br />

sonra yeni örgütlenme mo<strong>de</strong>liyle, strate- , on~erligi~<strong>de</strong> çal~ac~k, Yorel~n~ aske:I, ,~I- du11ahOcalan örgüte uyan, <strong>de</strong>rs ve emirleriji<br />

ve taktigi ortaya çlkarttIlar, Bu arada istih- y~SI,mali, ka,d!l: or~t1enme, ~çl-gençlik or. ni "KANt" kod adlyla gön<strong>de</strong>riyor. .<br />

barat elemanlar,l örgütün yeni ~ifre alfabe- ~t~~nme, k~y ~rgu~lenm~ ,,-e,memur-esnaf PKK, bir süre önce Merkez Komitesi'n<strong>de</strong><br />

siyle Abdullah Ocalan'm el yazlSlyla örgütü- 0Egutlellmesl ~lerlyle Ilgih sorumlular <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ki~lklik yapm~, Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> görev yapane<br />

gön<strong>de</strong>rdigi emirlerl <strong>de</strong> eie geçirdiler, sozkonusu sekr<strong>et</strong>ere bai~1 olarak çal~acak- cak yenl böige. sorumlulan atam~l.<br />

lstihbarat birimlerinin belirlemelerine gö- lar, PKK'mn yön<strong>et</strong>ici kadrosunda yapt$ <strong>de</strong>ki'<br />

re ~u anda "Cmar agacl" olarak adlandmlan APO'NUN. EMIRLERI. Bu arada PKK li<strong>de</strong>rl ,ikllk <strong>de</strong> Istihbarat elemanla.nnca belirlendi.,<br />

. 6. 12 ,B 7<br />

Günevdogu'ya<br />

silah izni. ..<br />

• Jüneydogu Anadolu halklna. silahlallnl<br />

serbestc;;e ta:;Jlma hakkl tanlndl.<br />

Olaoanüstü Hal Böige Valiligi'ne<br />

bagll illar<strong>de</strong> ya$ayanlara, kaynei'll<br />

sorulmadan, silahlarlnl bulundurma<br />

va ta~lma ltni verilecek.<br />

NKARA. (Hüttl\'!!!)-. tJllI~uniblU Il,,1<br />

A l3iill(e \'allli~I'lle. hll blllgl'<strong>de</strong> olUtilllllttll'<br />

IJn~1UtUlutllll.t'til1f'. l1le~li ,111IhllltIIl1l. nll'Il~e1~:<br />

.int, bakdlllAk,;ltl11 IU~IIlIH ,.ey" hullln~lutl11~"<br />

ruh8!1l1 v<strong>et</strong>ille vl'lkü;i ((11111101.He,;1111 (;n.<br />

I.t'll"rll' dlin yuy,.nIHIll111kUl11ln hUklniindt. k".<br />

~4<br />

tllrllnnWYI' ~otl', rlulldl'll illlmrl'll 4:, ~1I1l1\'1l111{'<br />

h"~I'Utlltuk nlh~lIl nlnlliur hukkilldu, hu ,IJI'"<br />

it;indl' ~ilah l!l~ll11a VI' hlllulllllltnlUl'l ) u,uk.<br />

Iuyun )'UHII il\' TUrk (\'I.U l\unllnu'null iI~111<br />

hiikiJl11lctl UI.MlIlunn1ul'ut'uk,<br />

!:lu kUlludn !l


•<br />

Tereüman<br />

_",_:_,'_'_ ~1--6-A-R-AL-'K-19-87-P-A-ZA-R---l ;:<br />

Hürri~<strong>et</strong> 7.12.87<br />

Asker<br />

ögr<strong>et</strong>menler<br />

Genelkurmay Ba~kanllgl'n1n uygun gèJrmesi halin<strong>de</strong><br />

MEGSB èJgr<strong>et</strong>men ihtiyaclnl ordudan karSI/ayacak<br />

ANKARA. Milli Egitim Gençlik<br />

ve Spor Bakanligl, Genelkurmay<br />

B~kanll8i'nm uygun görmesi halin.<br />

<strong>de</strong> ogr<strong>et</strong>men ihtiyacml ordudan kar,<br />

illayabilecek. SaYI~tay, MEGSB ile<br />

Milli Savunma Bakanh8i tarafmdan<br />

ortakla~a hamlanan uygulamaya<br />

ili~kin yon<strong>et</strong>melik tasla8iDl mali<br />

yon<strong>de</strong>n ineeleyerek MSB'na gön.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rdi,<br />

Milli Savunma Bakanh8i'nm uy.<br />

gulamaya ili~kin yon<strong>et</strong>meligi, Res.<br />

mi Gaz<strong>et</strong>e'<strong>de</strong> yaymlanmak ûzere ya.<br />

kmda Ba~bakanhk 'a vermesi beklemyor.<br />

"Asker iigr<strong>et</strong>meDler"in ozellikle,<br />

EI3Z1g,Bmgol, Tunedi, Van, Diyar.<br />

baklr, Mardin, Siirt, Hakkân, Bitlis,<br />

Mu~, Adlyaman, Agn, Erzincan,<br />

Erzurum, Gumil~hane, Kahra.<br />

manmaral, Kars, Malatya. Sivas ve<br />

~anhurfa'da gorC\Icndlrilmesi planlanlvor.<br />

UYCULAMA NASIL<br />

~_~.!RÇEKLE'_ECEK __<br />

MEGSB kadrolannda ogmrnen<br />

olarak gorev yapanlar Ile mesl~ ogrflmen<br />

ol1n, ancak bu goreve ballamamlj<br />

olanlal. lemci askerhk eg;o<br />

limlerin<strong>de</strong>n sonra MEGSB emrine<br />

verilecekler. Eger, MEGSB emrine<br />

verilen ögr<strong>et</strong>menler ihliyaci kar~llamazsa,<br />

yilksekokul mezunlan, bunlar<br />

da ihtiyaci kar$llamazsa, lise ve<br />

<strong>de</strong>ngi okul mezunu yükümlûler, temel<br />

askerlik eiitimin<strong>de</strong>n sonra<br />

MEGSB emrine verilecekler,<br />

Uygulamaya ba$landlil tarihle,<br />

Silâhh Kuvv<strong>et</strong>ler'<strong>de</strong> ye<strong>de</strong>ksubay ala<br />

13k yûkûmlûlûgünû yenne g<strong>et</strong>irmek.<br />

te olan ögr<strong>et</strong>menler, MEGSB'na<br />

bagh okullarda geri kalan hizm<strong>et</strong>lerini<br />

tamamlayacaklar. Terhislerine<br />

kadar Silâhh Kuvve<strong>de</strong>r'e i1i$kileri<br />

kesilmeyecekolan ba dururndaki yü:<br />

kûmlüler, maa$lanijl aynen almay'l<br />

<strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>cekler. Bunlara ögmmen:<br />

likte1 dolaYI aynca ûcr<strong>et</strong> ö<strong>de</strong>nmeyece'


..<br />

DEVAn<br />

KÜRTLER<br />

eyäl<strong>et</strong>i, politik ve Ylklel faaliy<strong>et</strong>le<br />

bulunmaslnl yasak la-<br />

VIel karar alml~, kendisin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

bundan böyle, tahrik ediei,<br />

ça~nlanna son vermesini istemi~tir.<br />

Buna kar~1 gelmek,<br />

suç te~kil e<strong>de</strong>r, eezaYI gerektirir.<br />

Aynea, Kur'an okulu diye<br />

adlandmlan Kaplan'In<br />

Köin'<strong>de</strong>ki çoeuk yurdunun<br />

<strong>de</strong>vam <strong>et</strong>mesi <strong>de</strong> yasaklanml~l1r:'<br />

"Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya'daki<br />

35m Kürt kurulu~lan ar3SIndaki<br />

çal1~malann, lolerans<br />

Slnmnl çok geçti~ini" säyleyen<br />

Spranger "Alman topraklannda,<br />

bu kurulu~lann<br />

aralannda üstünlük sava5ma<br />

girip, sidd<strong>et</strong>e basvurrnalarma<br />

izin vererneyiz. Göz yurnarnaYlz.<br />

Bu kuruluslarln<br />

ölümle sonuçlanan son kanh<br />

eylernleri sebebiyle Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

Savclhk genis kapsarnh sorusturrna<br />

açmlsur. Hâlâ <strong>de</strong>yam<br />

<strong>et</strong>rnektedir. Arnaç, olaylann<br />

sorumlulanl11n, bu kuruluslann<br />

için<strong>de</strong> bir ter6risi<br />

grubun i~i olup olmadl~lnt<br />

açlga çlkarrnakur" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

ILTICACILAR<br />

MESELESI<br />

Alrnanya'ya gelerek siyasi<br />

'sl~lnma talebin<strong>de</strong> bulunan<br />

Türkler'in, gerçek arnaelnln,<br />

ülkelerin<strong>de</strong> politik takibata<br />

u~ramaktan kaçmak <strong>de</strong>~il.<br />

burada çahsmak oldu~unu<br />

belirten Fe<strong>de</strong>ral lçisleri Bakanh~1<br />

Müstesan Carl-Di<strong>et</strong>er<br />

Spranger, iltiea aklrnll11n ön,<br />

lenmesi için Bonn Hükürn<strong>et</strong>i'nin,<br />

Türk Hükürn<strong>et</strong>Î ile <strong>de</strong><br />

isbirli~i için<strong>de</strong> .oldugunu<br />

söyledi.<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Alrnanya'ya 100<br />

bin kisinin iltiea <strong>et</strong>ti~ine dikkat<br />

çeken Spranger, bu saYIl11nAvrupa<br />

Siyasi SI&1nrna isternin<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunanlann yan,<br />

smdan fazlaslnl teskil <strong>et</strong>ti~ini<br />

belirterek "fe<strong>de</strong>ral daire"<br />

nin kabul <strong>et</strong>ti~i iltiea oram;<br />

bugün, yüz<strong>de</strong> IO'un altln3'<br />

düsrnüslÜr" <strong>de</strong>di. Bununi<br />

her on kisi<strong>de</strong>n 9'unun, ger-:<br />

çek arnaclnln iltiea dlsmda<br />

baska sebeblere dayandli\111I<br />

gösterdigini vurgulayan<br />

Spranger, bu konudaki sorumuza<br />

su cevabl verdi: "Bune<br />

lann Almanya'ya geliS se bebi,<br />

ülkelerin<strong>de</strong> politik takiba.:<br />

ta u~ramalan <strong>de</strong>j!il pk"",,-<br />

rnik ne<strong>de</strong>nlere dayanmaktadir.<br />

Bunu önlemek için belli<br />

ülke vatandaslan için vize<br />

'mecburiy<strong>et</strong>i koyduk. Aynea;<br />

1987 Ylh basmda ilticacllann.<br />

çahsrna izni almalanndah<br />

bekleme süresini 2 ytldan S'<br />

Ylla çlkardlk. ßöylece, ger-'<br />

çekte Almanya'ya çahsmaK<br />

için gelen sahte iltieaellara,<br />

bunun mümkün olamayaca~;<br />

111 açlkça ortada oldu~unu<br />

göstermck istedik. Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

hüküm<strong>et</strong> gclisrnekri yakm-'<br />

dan izlcrnekledir. MeseleYI<br />

vakmen bilen Türk Hükürnc"<br />

ii ile <strong>de</strong> isbirli~i için<strong>de</strong>dir:'.<br />

BazI iltieaellann, yasak ol~<br />

masma ra~men siyasi faaliy<strong>et</strong>te<br />

bulunrnalanl11n hal1rla-<br />

11lrnasl üzerine <strong>de</strong>, Almanya',<br />

da anayasanm öngördü~ii,<br />

düsünce ve gösteri yürüyü~li<br />

gibi ternel hak ve hürriy<strong>et</strong>lerin<br />

yaban<strong>et</strong>lar için <strong>de</strong> geçerli<br />

oldu~unu vurgulayan Spran-<br />

e Mardin'in<br />

ger "Ancak, yabancllann,<br />

toplum düzenini bozacak,<br />

güvenli~i tehlikeye dÜsilrecek<br />

siyasi faaliy<strong>et</strong>te bulunmalan<br />

yasakur. Örnegin, cemiy<strong>et</strong>ler<br />

kuruluS amaçlarl dlsmda asln<br />

faaliy<strong>et</strong> gösterdikleri zaman,<br />

ilgili makamlann karanyla<br />

kapal1labilirler" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

YABANCILAR<br />

YASASI<br />

1965'<strong>de</strong> yürürlil~e giren<br />

Yabanellar YasaSl'l11n, günün<br />

ihtiyaçlanna eevap vermekten<br />

uzak kaldl~ma isar<strong>et</strong><br />

e<strong>de</strong>n Milstesar Spranger "Fe<strong>de</strong>rai<br />

hükllm<strong>et</strong>in, parlamento'nun<br />

bu yasama dönemin<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Yabanellar yasasml temel<strong>de</strong>n<br />

yeni<strong>de</strong>n düzenleyip, güniln<br />

ihtiyaçlanl11 karsllayacak<br />

hale g<strong>et</strong>irip, aile birlesmesin<strong>de</strong><br />

tek tip uygulama<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irileeegini" söyledi. Anayasa<br />

Mahkemesi'nin son ka-'<br />

ranyla, eslerin bekleme 5üresi<br />

bütlin eyal<strong>et</strong>ler<strong>de</strong> bir Ylla indirilecek.<br />

.<br />

Tercfunan<br />

Guvcnlik kuvvctlerinin "Dur" itltarll10<br />

atesle karSlllk verdiler<br />

7.12.87 Derik'te7 bölücü<br />

terörist öldürüldü<br />

8.12~87<br />

Derik ilçesin<strong>de</strong><br />

güvenlik kuw<strong>et</strong>leriyle silahll<br />

çatl$maya giren 7 bölücü<br />

terörist öldürüldü.<br />

çatl$mada 2 er <strong>de</strong> $ehit 01-<br />

du<br />

.Ölq..~larakeJ~. Qeçirilen 7<br />

terorlstten 2'5mm Nusaybin<br />

sorumlusu Nezir Yavuz<br />

ve Davut Ekinci<br />

oldugu belirlendi<br />

r:ö' 'l NeE KI gün. Derik yakmla.<br />

I ~ nndaki olaylar iileril1l'. ope-<br />

- ra,'I'onlanl1l,lIrduren gllven.<br />

l,. ~uçleri, (jlingùr~n hiyii yakm-<br />

I.!r:n"a ~'l 2 I(röri"i nlli olarak <strong>de</strong><br />

g~,irdi,<br />

(jllldik lll\T<strong>et</strong>ll'ri lararlndan<br />

~!Irdllrllkn opera,yonl;;r S1r~smda<br />

KI/lil~rl' limine b,l~1t{ilingören ku-<br />

',II I "llllllll'"kj ~'irrn;lIiarad" k,SII'<br />

nl";l Il,' ll'rOn


söz<br />

Can<br />

Yiice1<br />

10.12.87<br />

Ha. ym Kürtten<br />

kimkorkar?<br />

Kürt kirnt.. Etnik tdris!.. Ner<strong>de</strong> 0 Selahattin-i<br />

Eyubi? .. Yak, efendim. 6y1e<br />

b!fly yokl.A1Wiui 8QnQ. ok1,ayQr1ar<br />

c:anmuzL .. Makam1an: KURD1Yt lU.<br />

CAZKAR ...<br />

söz<br />

12..12.87<br />

PKK'Cllar Afrika'ya sürgün<br />

Emr. AYGEN I Brüksel<br />

tsviçre, tsveç ve Almanya'dan sonra Fransa<br />

da PKK'c)lara cephe aldl.<br />

FranslZ hüküm<strong>et</strong>i üç PKK'C1)'1 öncekl gün<br />

Afrtka'daki Gabon ü1kesine sürlÜne rän<strong>de</strong>rdi<br />

PKK'nm Brüksel'<strong>de</strong> üst!enen Avrupa<br />

temsUclllIi dün blr basm toplant1l1 dOzenteyerek,<br />

Franllz hüküm<strong>et</strong>lnin Pt.m'te görev<br />

yapan IsmaU Onran, Kaya Oz<strong>de</strong>mlr ve<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> Seyhan adIJ militanlarmm Gabon'a<br />

gön<strong>de</strong>rilmeslnl protesto <strong>et</strong>ti,<br />

PKK Avrupa Temsilclliil adma basin top-<br />

!antIsI düzenleyen Avukat HÜ8eySn YaldJnm,<br />

blr soru üzerine PKK davumdan yaril-<br />

!anarak hapis yatan NlU'<strong>et</strong>tln Yalmaz ve<br />

Ahm<strong>et</strong> Türk'ün ANAP ve SHP'<strong>de</strong>n mecllse<br />

Jirme1erini <strong>de</strong>prlend1rdi.<br />

PKK sözcüsü YIld1nm fÖyle konuotu:<br />

"Ben her Ikisiyle <strong>de</strong> hapis yattun, Her ikisi<br />

açllmdan da ,unu söyleyebllirim ki, cezaevln<strong>de</strong><br />

blr onur saV"1 verdiler.<br />

Nur<strong>et</strong>tln Yllmaz Ise 3 kez hapis yatU ve i$kence<br />

gördü. ANAP'tan meclise girmt!kle<br />

kondi kendine Ihan<strong>et</strong> l'tmi$tir,<br />

ANAP'm Yllrt:\llz'1 öne ç1kartmasl KalOran<br />

tnan'a dayanan Ozl\'ln blr Kürt operasyonudur"<strong>de</strong>dl,<br />

~<br />

10.12.87<br />

• Türk "üküme~l, bölücü örgü~e <strong>de</strong>5~ek olunmllmll5,n, 15~edl<br />

•<br />

~!~'h:.i~"~~,"!k~~~:~'II'_<br />

Izledltllarafmhk poUtlkuuua holulmUl<br />

. lindc yak.alanan Iran'li ml' kilerin<strong>de</strong> veni bir sorunun patlak vermesine VOl açtl yddJr Iran-Irak sa~nda izJedigita.<br />

<strong>de</strong>mektlr."<br />

tisler, Turk.Iran ~kdcnndc yem blr J I rafSlZhkpohtikasma gölge dülüren<br />

sorunun patlak vermesmc yol açlJ. L • Nur BATUR • ANKARA . bir olay. Irak'l da huzursul <strong>et</strong>mil<br />

Bu olay sonucu milis (Pastar) durumda ve önlenmesi kaçmllmaz.<br />

kamplannda PKK teronstlennin ba- "PIStielir" , ordunun d.lha \(1!".' l if'" 'Jd" ,a<strong>de</strong> eal. • Bu IJ'Uplar, Türldye lçin<strong>de</strong> f~'<br />

nnd1~ ve e~~ ~ordugu ?nava ok- Ylllardaon plana ~,kmasma ragmen, Ancak, son Ikl ay lçm<strong>de</strong> smln lem Ylpmak !çln <strong>de</strong> celmi, ollbi.<br />

tl Turk hukumen, PKK ya,dcstek yine <strong>de</strong> eski gùçlenni koruyorlar. izinsiz olarak geçen kalabahk Pas. Ur, TflpltJen côn, Putlr kamp.<br />

olunmamasl konusunda Iran I uyar. Çùnku, bu gruplar lIumeyni le Is. tir gruplannm yakalanmasl, olaym Ilnndl <strong>et</strong>itlm cönn Pl{)( teröel~tdl<br />

. lam DCl'rimi'nin en sadlk guçlen boyutlannm genillemesine yol aç- 1er! Putlr Iuyafellliyiyorllr, Bu<br />

OLAY NASIL PATLAK VERDI? olarak taIllIllY0r. tl Türk makamlannm elin<strong>de</strong> yak- bllumdan, bunllr Putlr oldukll'<br />

Turk makamlan, Gùneydogu Pastarlann Tùrk smlnna yakm lallk 60 Iranh milis bulunuyor. nm lÖylemelerlDe klf1ln, Türkibolgesin<strong>de</strong><br />

yakalanan baZIterönst- bolgeler<strong>de</strong> bulunan kamplannda O~AY,!N.,Y~~IyONÜ IR~K 6l Je'<strong>de</strong> eylem Ylpml Olulhkllnmn<br />

lenn lerdi~ bilgller<strong>de</strong>n, son donem. PKK teroristlerinin e~tim go,dugu "I,P.~~n grupta~ ~i~~,kTi ~_ dl d1kk~te_ahnlDUl .re~.klyor.<br />

<strong>de</strong> PKK'nmlran'da da bannak bul. Ankara tarafmdan sapr.anmlj du. Ç11enrun"""am <strong>et</strong>rneslUltnne ùn Bu hükum<strong>et</strong> y<strong>et</strong>kilisi, OIay ber<br />

maya b~ladl~11JsaptadJ. Bu ilk tes- rumda. Halla, PKK teroristlerinin makamlan, bu kez olaym bi~ bBl- Ipdln bid IOn <strong>de</strong>nce rabllm fl.<br />

pillen, daha soma ei<strong>de</strong> edilen bil- Paslar klyaf<strong>et</strong>iyle gezdikleri <strong>de</strong> be- ka yönünü a~rhkla eie almaya bBl' mil dun:mdl" <strong>de</strong>rken, Milliyel'e<br />

giler <strong>de</strong> dogrular nitelikteydi, An. lirtiliyor. ladJ. Türk makamlannm üzerin<strong>de</strong> lunlan söyledi:<br />

cak, yaktallk 5 ay once kalabahk .,5 ~Yönce kal:lbahk Pastar gru- durdugu iki nokta löyle: "Tüm)'e, bu durumu ô~lemek<br />

bir grup milisin smln geçerken l'a. bunun yakalanmmndan iOnra Iran • iran'dan Irak Kürtlerine <strong>de</strong>s- Iorundl, Bu crupllnn .lrlk I kir.<br />

kaJanmasl Tùrk makamlanmn olav hükùm<strong>et</strong>i nezdin<strong>de</strong> yapllan girilim- tek: l' eylem Ylpmlk Yf Kurtlm <strong>de</strong>s.<br />

uzerin<strong>de</strong>ki sorulturmaYI <strong>de</strong>rinlellIr- <strong>de</strong>, PKK'nm iran'da üslenmesine iran yön<strong>et</strong>iminin, savBlI kazan. lek vermek !çin ~rk toprlkllnm<br />

mesine yol açlJ. izin verilmemesiuyansl yapdd:. An- mak için Irak'a k8rl 1 iç ayaklanma k~Uln~a1lnnl inn verm~.kmu~'<br />

Iran'da ~ah'm <strong>de</strong>vrilmesi le cak iran hükümellnin yanlll "Tür- harek<strong>et</strong>lerini ve yillardJr sÜfensilahb ku <strong>de</strong>iU. TabU Pl{)( te~rls~~-<br />

Humeyni yon<strong>et</strong>munin Ijball/la gel- kiye a1eybin<strong>de</strong> loprlkllnndl ber. Kürt harek<strong>et</strong>ini <strong>de</strong>stekledisi biIini- IÙII PutIr kepbrmda ejllm gormesiyle<br />

"PIStiriO" ad! verilen ye. bang! bir rlali~'ele izln verilmeye- yor. Aym ~kil<strong>de</strong> Irak da,lran'da- meier! <strong>de</strong> yen! bir oilY ve bid rani<br />

hlr guç olujtu Humej'oi ~on<strong>et</strong>J- cegi" yo!un1a o!du. Ayr.1 zaman- ki Kürtlere <strong>de</strong>slek verlyor. balm edlyor. tm mlkamllnm.<br />

ml, ~ah yaniisi olarak <strong>de</strong>gerlendir. da smIn izinsiz geç~n grubun ia<strong>de</strong>- Pastarlann geçii lerl daima ~_ ba durumn öniemelin!lsledik.<br />

dlgi Iran ordusuna guvenmedigiiçin' si istendi. dinli yakmlannda uçgen jeklio<strong>de</strong>~i "Tück 10prakllnllUl kaUIIIIIgençlcr<strong>de</strong>n<br />

olujan ve mllis mteli8in. Ankara, bu rur oiaylanr, tekrar- bölge<strong>de</strong> gerçekl~iyor ve bunlann mUlnl &fllnce, baal da IzIn nr<strong>de</strong>b<br />

"Paslar" orgulunu kurdu lanmamasl uyarlSl yaparû Pullr Kuzey Irak'a geçmek istediklerl ~n. memlz 101 kona •• olea, Çünkü.<br />

bu darum Türklye'n!a 7 yddu<br />

Tercüman<br />

10.12.87<br />

Irak'tan<br />

kaçan<br />

56 Türk<br />

Barzanl'nln<br />

hlmayeslne<br />

allndl<br />

M.Ala ACAT<br />

NUSA\uiN, (fercümln). Irak<br />

huküm<strong>et</strong>inin basklsmdan kaçan 56<br />

Turk aSllh koyluyu KDP (Kurdis-<br />

{;ln Demokral Partisi) lidcri Barz.a.<br />

nïnin kcndi himayesine aldlgl bil.<br />

dirildi.<br />

Irak'!an korsan yaym yapan KOP<br />

(Kurdistan Dl'mokrat Partisi) rad.<br />

yo


~<br />

19.12.87<br />

.• y ön<strong>et</strong>melik<br />

Ba~bakanhk'ta<br />

ASKER<br />

ögr<strong>et</strong>menler<br />

~örevine b~(adiklan tarih~ itiban:n astegmenJer için beIirlenen ayhk,<br />

o<strong>de</strong>nek, yardlm ve tazmlOatiardan yararlanabiliyor.<br />

, Il U saylll kanun~ tabi ö~r<strong>et</strong>men yüküml~ler<strong>de</strong>n, a.skerlik önce.<br />

SI bakanhk kadrolannda ögr<strong>et</strong>1Den vc <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> memuru olarak çah.<br />

ï.~nlar, önceki me~Yriy:tlcri itibanyle hak kazand1klan ma~lan"<br />

ogr<strong>et</strong>men olarak nllen ggrcve balladlklan tarihten b~lamak üzere<br />

alacaklar.<br />

1111 saYlh kanu~a ,ta~i ancak, daha önce memuïiy<strong>et</strong> görevin<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunmay'anl~nn, lilien goreve balladlklan tarih i!il1~riy!~6H saYlh<br />

yasaya gore mtibaklan yapllarak maallan ö<strong>de</strong>necek."<br />

YASA!(LAR<br />

, Yuküml~ler., n~fusa kaylth olduklan yerler<strong>de</strong> ,görevlendiriJe ..<br />

mlYor. Bu yuk~mluler<strong>de</strong>n, Milli Egitim Gençlik ve Spo'r BakanhiJ<br />

ka~rola:mda gorevh olanlar ihtiyaç halin<strong>de</strong> önceki görev yerlerine<br />

venleblhl'or,<br />

AS~,ri U;u<strong>et</strong>menler, görev süreleri boyunca resmi elbise giyeme.<br />

~eC(:k, l''j_ cdllmel'ecek, <strong>de</strong>meklere üye olamayacak l'e siyasi faäli •<br />

•,<strong>et</strong>~Kaulamayacak .<br />

, Askeri yükümlülügünü ögr<strong>et</strong>men olarak yerine g<strong>et</strong>irecekler bu<br />

gorevlennc temel egitim süresini doldurduktan sonra b~layabil~ek<br />

~U ANDA ASKER OLANLAR .<br />

, Buuygul~rJ1~,ile ilgili yön<strong>et</strong>meligin yürürlüge girdigi tarihle, as.<br />

ken l'ukumlulugunu ye<strong>de</strong>k subay olarak yerine g<strong>et</strong>irmekte olan ög.<br />

rermenler<strong>de</strong>n Istckli olanlar, MiUi Egitim Gençlik ve Spor Bakanh&l'run,<br />

Ihtlyaç goslermesl, Genelkurmay Balkanhg.'nm da uygun görmesi<br />

hallO~e, gen kalan hlzm<strong>et</strong> sürelerini ögr<strong>et</strong>men olarak yapabileceL<br />

SOlkonusu yo~<strong>et</strong>meligin yüriirlüge girdigi tarihœ erb~ ve er olarak<br />

aSk,en yukum!ulu~unu y.erine}<strong>et</strong>irenler<strong>de</strong>n istekli olanlar, ye<strong>de</strong>k su.<br />

bay hkla oldug~ glbl, Milli Egltlm Gençlik ve Spor BakanhtI'nm ih.<br />

t1yaç goslcrmesl, Genelkurmay Bajkanh~'mn uygun görmesi halin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

gCTI kalan hlzmel surelerini ,ögr<strong>et</strong>men olarak tamamlayabiliyor.<br />

D<br />

Maa~larlartlrlhyor<br />

Koruculara, SSK mÜj<strong>de</strong>si<br />

'tYARRAKIR' (hha) '.<br />

()Ia~,,"ùslii liai Bolgl' "",<br />

ii,i !f,,~',.; K()zak~'lnglu, ki\~.<br />

kllrllt'ularlllil zam \'('rill't:('èÎlli<br />

"(' :-;i~{)rta knpslIllllna nllll:i('aklarll\l<br />

a,'ik 1",11.<br />

.landarlllH .\ ....a.,.is I\tlllllllalll<br />

KlIrC('lwral lIul~,si Snvln'la<br />

lllln'ki ak;-.(llll sanllpri'lcll'<br />

Lice i1,('si'lll: b,,~11 Kutlu<br />

i,,,,'ii'Il" gid"l1 Ola~:Jnii,tli liai<br />

B"jg(' "'"Iisi !fnwi Kozak-<br />

~'lnglu. kil,. korw"lIlal'lna par,<br />

ka. hol ,'p ."l'Il'k da~lltJ Ko-<br />

7.aX('lod'lu. YHPllln konll~ma.<br />

,I;t. d, '.It'! ill krîy konlcularllll vap.a. onu gör~vlendirek"nJ\itCltL!lIl1.<br />

ht'r türlu ~lkll1.1 ,'pgiz ...<br />

I lib ','ardll11H hazlr ~)Iduklarlm<br />

t,f'llrtf'rt'k ",o\lt. Ot'n'<br />

rarkl, ollllU\'a\'aklaTlnl. B"n!<br />

I;' hu <strong>de</strong>vl ..li V1kal11az. BunlaI'<br />

.... izlf'l"in. ~'oC'u.klartnlza,<br />

k.zlaTllllw saldlTlv, h..<strong>de</strong>fl,'-<br />

Yl'n kimsgil. Korucularln cline ~u<br />

anda gcçen 83 bin tiray,.<br />

120-140 bin lirava \'üksdtmeyi<br />

d~ünüyoi-uz'" di~'c<br />

konu~lu.<br />

23.12.87<br />

ywnda Suriyc'nin Lazkiye jehri Ba-<br />

~it kasabaslOda yapllan örgüt toplanusmda<br />

PKK li<strong>de</strong>ri Abdullab<br />

Öcalao'm _ yapugl .. konUlmada,<br />

THKP-C Acilciler Orgülü'nün pasif<br />

oldugunu, eylem yapmaktan<br />

korklugunu vurgulamasl üzcrine, bu<br />

örgütün li<strong>de</strong>ri Mibraç Ural'IO, ör.<br />

güt üst seviye yön<strong>et</strong>icilerine Türki.<br />

ye'ye militanlanni gön<strong>de</strong>rip, istan.<br />

bul, izmir, Kayseri, içel, Antakya<br />

ve isken<strong>de</strong>run'da ANAP il binala.<br />

..........~:._-,~-<br />

.L c.I.-C Ull..U.LU. 2 1 • 1 2 • 8 7<br />

"'Beni Siirt polisi<br />

sorgulas.n"<br />

HüsamelliD KARANFÎL<br />

SiiKI', (lèltÜlDID)' PKK Merkel<br />

Komiœsi üyesi Selahaldo Çelik po.<br />

lise telefon edip, ölümle tehdit edil.<br />

digini belinerek teslim o1mak isœ.<br />

digini bi1dirdi.<br />

Batman Emniyct Amirligi'ni te.<br />

lefonla arayan bir ki~i, "Ben PKK<br />

Merkez Komitesi üY!SÏ Selahatdo<br />

ÇeIik'im. AIina'dan anyorum, l'Ir.<br />

li<strong>de</strong> utIk rolüm kaImacbiJ Içln, ber<br />

güo ölümle tebdit edilijoorum ft büyük<br />

bir baslu a1l1Dcbyun ,Türldye'-<br />

Dio Alina KoDJOloslugu'Da teslim<br />

olmak istiyorum" <strong>de</strong>di. Te1efondaki<br />

kili teslim olduktan soora kendisini<br />

Siirt polisinin sorgulamasml da<br />

~art olarak ileri sürdü. '<br />

nna l'C Ankara'da Adal<strong>et</strong> Bakanhg.<br />

ile Güney Kore Büyükelçiligi'ne<br />

bomball saldJn düzcnJemelerini cmrelligini<br />

söylediler.<br />

DOt:u BLOKU MARKALl<br />

BOMBALAR<br />

Ernoiyel Amirligi'o<strong>de</strong>n "~arI1D1<br />

kibul ecliyOnlZ, IeniDle nas&lbulu-<br />

,Ihm" <strong>de</strong>nildigin<strong>de</strong> ise, telefonda"<br />

ki kili, "Daha fula konu,amam,<br />

Vaklim azaIch, beo Iizi aranm" di.<br />

yerek ahizeyi kapatll.<br />

ATlNA'DAN ARADltol<br />

K.sIN<br />

Batman Emniy<strong>et</strong> AmirUgi telefon<br />

koou~ma.s1D1DPIT araclh&! ile Au.<br />

oa'dao yaplld1guu leSbit eui. AncalL,<br />

telefon e<strong>de</strong>n kilioin SelahattiD Çe.<br />

Iik olup olmad1i1 bilinemiyor. Es.<br />

rarengiz telefon konlLjmasmdao ala.<br />

gaoüstü Hal Böige Valiligi, içilleri<br />

Bakanh&l, ~leri Bakanh&l ~ Ali.<br />

na Büyükelçiligi'nin haberdar edildiRi<br />

ögreoildi,<br />

Bu arada, eylem yapllan iller dlllOda,<br />

Adana da dahil olmak û:œre<br />

7 il<strong>de</strong>ki operas yon larda çok larida<br />

militan, Uzrum marka Dogu<br />

Bloku ülkelerinin kullandlj() savunma<br />

ci bombalaTi ve çok saYlda örgutsel<br />

doküman ile birhkte eie ge.<br />

çirildiJer. Samklar, Suriyc'<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>niz<br />

¥oluyla örgüte ait <strong>de</strong>niz motoru ile<br />

Isken<strong>de</strong>run ilçesi Arsuz bucag. ktYI<br />

jeridio<strong>de</strong>n l'CYaylada&l ilçesi Ya)'lk.<br />

damlar köyün<strong>de</strong> bulunan Karama.<br />

garalarmevkiin<strong>de</strong>n yurda girdikle.<br />

rini iliraf <strong>et</strong>tiler,<br />

------~-


•<br />

NiliigeI 23.12.87<br />

A NA P il binalarlna said", düzen/emif/erdi<br />

13 mlan yakalandl<br />

~ • Hamza EZER I<br />

• ANTAKYA (Mil-HA)<br />

[;\]NAVATAN Panisi binalanna<br />

bomba koyan THKP-C.<br />

Acileiler örgütünün Gùney<br />

bölgesi sorumlulan yakalandl, Ifa.<br />

<strong>de</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong> PKK Aci1ciler, FKÖ ve<br />

öteki bw örgütlerin ilst èäzev y<strong>et</strong>kililerinin<br />

Suriye'<strong>de</strong> bir araya gele.<br />

rek Türkiyc'ye yönelik eylemleri tar.<br />

uluklan öne sürüld~,<br />

Hatay Emniy<strong>et</strong> Müdür!üaü Siyasi<br />

Sube ekiplerinin düzenledigi<br />

operasyonlarda <strong>de</strong> geçirilen kijilerin<br />

sorgulamalanndan elae edilen bi!-<br />

gilere göre Isken<strong>de</strong>run'un Arsuz koyu<br />

yakmlannda örgül mOlorlan ile<br />

Suriyc'(\en g<strong>et</strong>irclikleribombalan Iu-<br />

Ylya çlkardlklan, ISlanbul. Îlmir,<br />

Kayseri, Içel, Halay ANAP rina.<br />

Cumhuriye{<br />

• ANAPIl blnalanna bombaI! saldlnda bulunan THKp.C<br />

Acllcller örgOtü'nün Cüney kanadl elemanlan yaka.<br />

land!. Yakalanan örgüt üyelerlnln Ifa<strong>de</strong>lerlne göre,<br />

Surlye'<strong>de</strong> yapllan glzll toplantlda, TÜrklye'ye yönellk<br />

eylemlerln tartl$lldlOI öQrenlldl<br />

lamia koyduklan belirlendi. Orgü.<br />

lüu Suriye'nin Lazkiye fChrin<strong>de</strong> bu.<br />

lunan parti okulundan emir a1dlil<br />

've bombalan da buradan verdikle.<br />

ri belirtildi.<br />

, Örgül elemanlanmn ilk pani<br />

bombay! 2S Eylül giinü samle çikar:<br />

dlklan, ikinci partiyi ise 28 Eylür<br />

<strong>de</strong> gelirdikleri belirlendi.<br />

Emniyel mùdürlüklerinin ona~<br />

operasyonlan ile eie geçirilen örgü<br />

mililanlannm adlan $öyle:<br />

Mebmel Göul, MItbit Turunç,<br />

TabslD AkID, Mutl Yüksel, Malik<br />

KJbç, Mlblr Zeytumu, ~rlf Erkol,<br />

Meyrell Mlrol/u, All Bolfl, Atl'<br />

dä. " Flt.1 otaUln, Mabun<br />

Gui, LaIIII Ozer, Il<br />

THKP.é Acilciler örgütünün,<br />

emr! Mlbraç Ural adh merkez komite<br />

aenelsekr<strong>et</strong>erin<strong>de</strong>n <strong>Paris</strong>'te bulunan<br />

"SaIIh Hoca" koll 1sim1i An.<br />

lakya eski lÖB-DER Blfkanl Ke.<br />

mal BIY!'Im'dan alchk1anbildirildi,<br />

Bombalan bir bavul için<strong>de</strong> molorlarla<br />

Isken<strong>de</strong>run'un Arsuz bueapndan<br />

geçiren militanlann AnIakya'da<br />

da bir kuyumcuyu soymak istedikleri,<br />

aneak kalabahk ne<strong>de</strong>niyle<br />

bunu ba$araJlwllklan, Isken<strong>de</strong>run'da<br />

da gizli loplanldal yapuk-<br />

Ian bildirildi.<br />

~a kO"fI~u 01ya koyu.. .. terk<strong>et</strong> Mardin'in Midyat ilçesine baOh Kosluca kOyün<strong>de</strong>n, kOy<br />

Il •~_ ihtiyar heyeli ùyeSiAbdurrahman Turan, geçen ekim aymda<br />

militanlarm ~Oy<strong>de</strong>n 11 ki$iyi kaçlrmalan üzerine, bir yüzbaSlnm kendisini korucu olmaya zOfladlOlnt One sürdü,<br />

KOy<strong>de</strong>n kaçrnlma olayml Midyat tugayma bildirdikten soma kOye gelen bir yüzbasmm. "BuraYI siz korumak zorundaslOlz<br />

Silah almak zorundaslQlz. Korucu olmaYlz diyeniniz varsa bu kOy<strong>de</strong> yasayamaz, Va silah ahrslOlz ya kOyü<br />

terke<strong>de</strong>rsiniz" <strong>de</strong>diQini One süren !'bdurrahman Turan, kendisinin <strong>de</strong> korucu seçildiQini belirterek, korucu olmaYI<br />

kabul <strong>et</strong>mediQi içmalle~i::~ birlikle Balman'a gOç <strong>et</strong>tiQini sOyledi. (Fotograf: Centlz Mumay)<br />

Tercüman<br />

PKK lIâvâslnda<br />

5 tahUye<br />

DiYARBAKIR- Diyarbaku<br />

OOM'<strong>de</strong>, PK!( i1e iIgili açdan 10 sa.<br />

mkh dâvâya b~landl. Haklannda<br />

5 ilâ 15 yd hapis œz8S1 islenen samklardan<br />

4'ü ilk duru~mada tahli.<br />

ye edildi.<br />

Duru~maya lutuklu samklardan<br />

M.MabsuD llo,day, ibrabim KutlUCID,<br />

AbdaDah Çnik, Abdamb.<br />

maD Koçer, Cemil Aras vt ItmlD<br />

KIDID kauich.<br />

'':'''UTANÇ DUYUYORUM-'<br />

Duru,mada saDlklardan ItmlD<br />

KlnlD, Beyrul'ta iKi olarak çall~-<br />

11&1için zaman zaman yanma yasad"1<br />

bw kqi1erin gddigini, aneak<br />

bu ,ahlslarla i1i,ki kunnadl&1m iler.<br />

sürdü, iftiraya ugradliJm söyle-<br />

Jen samk. "PU dÎftstDdl JaIl1-<br />

25.12.87<br />

26.12.87<br />

laDcbllm IÇID&CrçcklCDutaDç du-<br />

)uyorum" ~eklin<strong>de</strong> konu,tu,<br />

Oteki samklar da bölüeü Örgül<br />

üyesi olmadlklanm öne sürerek,<br />

tahliye edilmelerini istediler,<br />

Tahliye iSlegini görü~n mahkeme<br />

hey<strong>et</strong>i ItmaD KlUD, Cemil<br />

Aras, AbdambmlD Koçer vt AbduUab<br />

Çevik adh santklann tahli.<br />

ye edilmesini kararl~llf(l:, Duru~ma<br />

ileri bir tarihe ertelen.:li,<br />

(A.AI<br />

Sur!ye'nin Lazkiye kentin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

Basid' <strong>de</strong> PIK Oen<strong>et</strong> Sekr<strong>et</strong>er! Ab.<br />

duUlb OcaIln, Suriye adlDa Ce.U<br />

E.ld, PKÖ IdlDa 3 kiti, THKP-C<br />

Aciltiler adlDa M1bnç Ural, AU<br />

UDllez, ibn/alm Yalçln, Kemal<br />

BaJfllll ve Zafer Hoca, Libya' dan<br />

SIIDI Katlu, Tûrklyc'<strong>de</strong>n Ferblt<br />

HaIll KlmU, A1manya'dan da blZl<br />

örgül mensuplannlD katllmaslyla<br />

olulturulan merkez komite toplan.<br />

uSlDda bombalama kararlannlD<br />

allDlhil, onaya Çlku. Yakalananlann<br />

ifa<strong>de</strong>lerine göre, bu toplanuda<br />

APo'nun THKP-C Ati!eileri pasif.<br />

IiI<strong>de</strong> suçlamasl Ülerine Aeileiler' in<br />

eylemlere giri,tiji bildirildi.<br />

Cumhuriye{<br />

25.12.87<br />

DiyarbakIr<br />

PKK davasl<br />

Sanlklar:<br />

i~kence<br />

gördük<br />

ztYA<br />

AKSOY<br />

DGM'<strong>de</strong><br />

oh'ARBAKIR - PKK OrgOtUne<br />

Uye olmak, yardlmda bulunmak ve<br />

propaganda yapmak sutlanndan<br />

yargllanan 6'51 tutuklu, to ki$i<strong>de</strong>n<br />

4'U, Ç1kanldlklan ilk duru$mada sero<br />

best blraklldl.<br />

DOM<br />

ntklann<br />

Savcisi ilk durusmada sa-<br />

3 île I S 'Id araslnda hapisle<br />

cezalandmlmastnt îstedi. Mahke:ne<strong>de</strong>kî<br />

sorgu1amastnda Mehm<strong>et</strong> Muun<br />

Baday, Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Almanya'da e$i i1e<br />

birlikte i$Çi olarak çahSllklanm belir.<br />

:erek, "Türtdye'ye tallt Içln dönec<strong>et</strong>lmlz<br />

sarada YUlmlza blrt kadln Ikl<br />

k!fl yallllftJ ve Türkiye'ye aÖlürmem<br />

içln blr pak<strong>et</strong> verdi. lçin<strong>de</strong> ne oldutunu<br />

sordutumda, ,.sad ... blr örgüle<br />

ail ba7J fCYler bulunclutunu ve KI-<br />

Dllepc'<strong>de</strong> adamlannlD a<strong>et</strong>erek bu pak<strong>et</strong>i<br />

atauklannl löylediler.<br />

'GOtUrmem' <strong>de</strong>dltlm zaman da beni<br />

tehelll dlller_Ben <strong>de</strong> abp a<strong>et</strong>lrdim.<br />

Bir ~am KIZlllcpc'<strong>de</strong> emnly<strong>et</strong> knvntlerinln<br />

yapllkla" arama sarallnda<br />

pak<strong>et</strong> arabamda bulundu" <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Baday, PKK OrgU1Ui1ei1iskisi bulunmadl~lnl,<br />

polis taraflndan ahnan<br />

ilk ifa<strong>de</strong>sin<strong>de</strong>, yurtdlslnda PKK'n:n<br />

faaliyellerine kallld'~1 yolundaki i,i.<br />

IaOannln bask. ve iskence alunda<br />

ahndl~ln' One sUrdO,<br />

Durusmaya bir sOre ara veren<br />

mahkeme heyeli, Mehm<strong>et</strong> ,Masun<br />

Baday ile Ibrahim Mulluclln'In IUlukluluk<br />

durumlanmn <strong>de</strong>vanllna. di-<br />

~cr IUluklu ~a",klardan Abdullllh<br />

Çcvik. Abdurrahmlln Keçcn. Ccmil<br />

o\nas vc Ikman Kino'nun lahli,','lcl j.<br />

Ile ~al ar vcrcrek dUl1J~I1l.t\. ' ,. ""dl<br />

29


.,<br />

--------------,<br />

-Sarl Avni~<br />

PKK ve<br />

ASALA'nln<br />

emrin<strong>de</strong><br />

23.12'.87<br />

~ 29.12.87<br />

DODU -3D <strong>de</strong>reee<br />

.) ...<br />

'. ~l<br />

.. ~ £ill<br />

.dill '~~~f,'" .f1~'",';<br />

Ar"l Karadurmu~<br />

eün1ü silah kaçakçlSIAvnl KaradurmuS'un, PKK,KUKve<br />

Rizgarïye 100 mllyon Iirallk yardlrnm yanl Slra, bu Or.<br />

güt elemanlarmm sa{jladlklan eroln ABD ve Avrupa'da<br />

pazarlaYlp k3F$IIIQlnda slIah aldl{jl saptandl<br />

Il<br />

rs IARI Avn!" olarak bilinm ünlü sUah kaçakçlSl Avul Kara.<br />

durmlli'un Bulgaristan !r


.,<br />

•<br />

30.12.87<br />

17 sanlla<br />

DGM' <strong>de</strong>n beraat<br />

• TKP TKP / B ve PKK Orgütü mensubu olarak<br />

eylemleri Adlyaman ValiliOi'nce açlklanan lanlklar<br />

<strong>de</strong>lil y<strong>et</strong>ersizli{Jin<strong>de</strong>n. serbest bl~aklldl. .<br />

Factll BINZET.<br />

DiYAMAN. (bha) - GÜ\lmlik ku\'v<strong>et</strong>lerinœ yakalan.<br />

Adiktan sonra. Vahlik tarafll~d.n .~aIJJlan 8Çlklamad~<br />

"suÇlu" olarak ilan edilen ~t.h sol orlut~.II1INUP 1,<br />

AAmk. Malatva De"l<strong>et</strong> Guvenhk ~~ah.k~ n<strong>de</strong> be~al<br />

<strong>et</strong>ti.AdlVaman \'aliligi 24 !\Issn 1%, gun~ ~r hu,ln ~.ul.<br />

\Rni "a~'lOlayarak TKP. TKP 8 \'l! PKK Ürgutl('n ne<br />

mf>nsup Ii ki;;inin. gu"enlik.!;u~l~rmce yapI~a':loperasyon.<br />

larda vakalandlé:lnl H' bu k1;;llenn l'ylemlirlnl at;lklaml~tl.<br />

\ahhk aC;lklamaslOdaSllOlklar haslO.~"suçlu" lliarak tom.<br />

111nll~t1.<br />

.. "MÜftcrek bir örgütsel<br />

yapl meydana g<strong>et</strong>irerek. ort.ötr<strong>et</strong>im<br />

(ençlili için<strong>de</strong><br />

malia1leler<strong>de</strong> ve klrsa1 kesim<strong>de</strong><br />

çe,itli faali)-<strong>et</strong>ler ~östA'rerek.<br />

haUu bilinçlendirmek<br />

için çaba harcadlklan"<br />

Hidia edil!.'n Cevd<strong>et</strong> ça•• n,<br />

I\ll çlftar. M«!hm<strong>et</strong> A~lan.<br />

Mctln Özbulduk. Abuzer<br />

ßt>kt8l,i, Mehm<strong>et</strong> Doymaz,<br />

Ismail Dovmaz, tsmail Tümen,<br />

Fl.yii Tümay, Hasan<br />

Çah~kan, HaCt Do)'maz. Kenlln<br />

Ör.çl\kmak, Hamza lh..<br />

çakmak. Zeki Yathuç; Ali<br />

Bü)"Ükf8.hin, Malimut Bakir.<br />

Mehm<strong>et</strong> Oo)'maz .. \'a.<br />

hhk açlklamaSl üzerine T\' ek.<br />

ram Vl' Ilaz<strong>et</strong>e sütunlarmdan<br />

kamullyuna "suçlu" olarak<br />

!!Osterildi. ~Ialalya De\'l<strong>et</strong> Gu.<br />

\'(.'Olik\Iahkemesi'ne se\"k t'di.<br />

len. iki 0.'1\ scnra tahli ,e edilen<br />

saOlklarui. <strong>de</strong>lil y<strong>et</strong>èrsizli~in.<br />

~('n beraal <strong>et</strong>tikleri açlklanrll.<br />

~amklar. arlal<strong>et</strong>in verini bulrlu.<br />

~unll a!leak, kamüov\J i'lllunrl"<br />

kl'ndilerine ;;uçlu !lÖzti~.I(' ha.<br />

kilrlll!llll ;:oylediler.<br />

50 MILLIONS DE CONSOMATEURS<br />

DECEMBRE/1987<br />

MAUVAIS TOUR<br />

« Lors d'un voyage en Turquie<br />

organisé par Clio-Les<br />

Amis <strong>de</strong> l'HistOire, nOtre accOl11pagc.atcur<br />

frar.~liis a ét~<br />

arrêté sur la plainte <strong>de</strong> son<br />

homologue turc, çorrespondam<br />

<strong>de</strong> Clio, qui l'a accusé à<br />

tO!t <strong>de</strong> propa~an<strong>de</strong> pro-<strong>kur<strong>de</strong></strong><br />

<strong>et</strong> pro-armemenne.<br />

J'ai moi-même été interrogé<br />

ainsi qu'un autre. membre<br />

du groupe <strong>et</strong> le gUI<strong>de</strong> français.<br />

lui, est toujours en prison.<br />

Naturellement. notre<br />

voval!.e a été complétement<br />

gâéh~. Nous avons été suivis<br />

<strong>et</strong> surveillés par <strong>de</strong>s p,oliciers,<br />

nos conversations teléphoniques<br />

<strong>et</strong>alent écoutées ... Tandis<br />

que l'organisateur du<br />

\/oyage s'est complétement<br />

jésintéressé <strong>de</strong> l'accompagnateur<br />

arrêté <strong>et</strong> n'a même pas<br />

cru bon <strong>de</strong> nous présenter ses<br />

excuses ni le moindre dédommagement<br />

à notre r<strong>et</strong>our.<br />

Votre journal <strong>de</strong>vrait avertir<br />

les consommateurs <strong>de</strong>s<br />

dangers que peut entraîner le<br />

simple dé1it d'opinion en Turquie,<br />

dangers qui ne sont jamais<br />

présentés sur les touropérateurs.<br />

"<br />

Dr Gérard Gauvin<br />

60 - Beauvais<br />

31


;to;,.<br />

•<br />

""",<br />

'''ÇOK GiZli"<br />

RAPOR<br />

1319. / 1 ? ,•• t,.ii<br />

ü-<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> gözüyle ..<br />

hainve yanda~a~ir<strong>et</strong>l~f<br />

(OK<br />

G1ZI.I<br />

:-.... ~.~<br />

'Kd.: •. 1.:<br />

\ Su~ \<br />

I<br />

!<br />

3:.':. :., r.:~-: r.::-.:. ~:t;.!!:J~ " ..<br />

Cu..::Cotlll,. .: a..


•<br />

DEVA!1<br />

•<br />

14 bin nOfuslu GOyana,lr<strong>et</strong>l<br />

Hakkarl'<strong>de</strong> oturur. Raporda<br />

GOyankadlnlar,"," blr klsml<br />

kl'," MUIUI ve Bagdat'ta<br />

genelev ve ran<strong>de</strong>vuevlerln<strong>de</strong><br />

çah,IP, yaz," gerl dönmekle<br />

luçlanlyor.<br />

•<br />

"Güvenllmez" kategorisine giren a,i.<br />

r<strong>et</strong>lerintoplam nüfusu502.921 ki,i. "Yur.<br />

da baOh görünenler", 14.533, "Kürtcü.<br />

lüOe <strong>de</strong>stek olanlar" 182.014, "Yurdumu.<br />

za baOh olanlar" Ise 671.184 ki,i. Rapo.<br />

run "dü,ünceler" bölümün <strong>de</strong> bazl a,ir<strong>et</strong>.<br />

1eriçin bu açll ardan <strong>de</strong>Oerle ndirme yapll.<br />

maml$ .<br />

.Raper, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in qir<strong>et</strong>ler politikaslm uygulayan<br />

y<strong>et</strong>kililer için temel kaynak nite-<br />

IiOin<strong>de</strong>. Devl<strong>et</strong> kendi yurtta,lm damgah.<br />

vor ve bölüyo r. Bu yaplhrke n <strong>de</strong> kaynaOI.<br />

ni ortaçaOdan alan a,ir<strong>et</strong> i Ii,kileri temel<br />

allnlyor. Böige Valisi KozakçloQlu'nun<br />

yardlmcllanndan, Hakkari Beytü$t8bap<br />

eski Kaymakaml Ayhan NasuhbeyoQlu,<br />

bir gaz<strong>et</strong>eciyle sohb<strong>et</strong>in<strong>de</strong>, "Atir<strong>et</strong>ier<br />

sosyolojik bir gerçekliktir. Devl<strong>et</strong> pratik<br />

davranmalldl r" diyordu. Pratik davranllmallydl.<br />

a!;iir<strong>et</strong>ler slnlflandlfllmall, ara la.<br />

nndaki kan davalafl, anla,mazhklartesbit<br />

edilmeli ve bundan yararlanllmahydl.<br />

Tlpkl Jirki.Güyan çatl,maslnda olduOu gibio<br />

Akla urkutüeü bir soru geliyor. DoQu'.<br />

da yenl ba$lanan "halka silah daOltmada'"<br />

da aynl baklt açlsl ml geçerli olaeak?<br />

14 Haziran 1934 tarihli "iskân Kanunu"nun<br />

1ü-A mad<strong>de</strong>siaynen$öyle: "Kanun<br />

atlr<strong>et</strong>e h ükmi $ahsiy<strong>et</strong> lanlmaz. Bu<br />

hususta herhangi bir hüküm, vesika ve<br />

liarT'a r1lustenit <strong>de</strong> olsa tanlnml$ haklar<br />

kalOlnlr1llttlr A$lrel reisli{li. beyli{li, a{lahgl<br />

ve $eyhhgl ve bunlann herhangi birveslKaya<br />

veya go rgiJ görenage müstenit her<br />

türlu te$kliat ve taazzuvlan kaldlnlml$tlr."<br />

Ama yasalar yalnlz halkl eezalandlrmak<br />

lçmol. Devl<strong>et</strong>e gelinee, 0 yasalara uymaz,<br />

kend, koydug u yasalan çi{Jnerdl<br />

"KÜRTÇE KONU$AN" A$iRETLER<br />

ÎKÎ MiLYON<br />

Rapor aYflntl1i bir çah,manm ürünü.<br />

Oü,üneeler bOlümün<strong>de</strong>ki yorumlarm dl-<br />

'Inda objektif bilgiler <strong>de</strong> içe riyor. Tek tek<br />

her a,ir<strong>et</strong>in nü fusu, dili, mezhebi. reisi ya<br />

da ileri gelenleri, oturdu{lu yerler belirti.<br />

liyor. Rapora gOre Kürtçeni n Zaza ve Kifmanç<br />

lehçelerini konu,an toplam nüfus,<br />

1.996.972 Ki$i.<br />

BöIge VaUsl Kozakçloglu'nun<br />

ylldlmcllanndan,<br />

BeylÜffebap tski<br />

Kaymakaml Ayhan<br />

Nasuhoglu, bir gaz<strong>et</strong>eciyle<br />

IOhb<strong>et</strong>ln<strong>de</strong>, "qir<strong>et</strong>ler<br />

SOIyolojlk bir gerçekliktir,<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> pratik davranmahdlr"<br />

diyordu.<br />

•<br />

•<br />

.....,..<br />

...<br />

..,<br />

8~WlIUI • ..". ....<br />

-lOI<br />

....<br />

-'lOll<br />

Kurt('e<br />

Dili<br />

.........<br />

'fl&ETUI<br />

......t- .. ,.., •• t ,'f,"<br />

-<br />

'1ln'1lI lU IlOLGI2IINDEID a.$DlCUZ<br />

("'0 kobll .. l.)<br />

-<br />

"IIlE1:UI ••• ,. k.bil .. lo)<br />

Dili<br />

-,....,<br />

... C~lWJar<br />

..". ......,<br />

c-ar. •.,.. ,.. -,.<br />

"""-<br />

"""""'" (~ilcl<br />

Ç&nmtfUl ...,..<br />

Çolemer1lr. '''' ,....,<br />

Kun.~<br />

$&t,<br />

A::IMl lLznt.k<br />

(".~- U(n'<br />

1~,.1UI<br />

1I1:m.l<br />

.....,. ::.:,....,m "tf'ltUoth ..<br />

BIl~Ul&A1UaT ,"'""-, ......... Ki:- U-:-~U1<br />

CllnraA1i<br />

''''''<br />

l;~~<br />

K...... ." AU.<br />

klJY ...<br />

~...<br />

Clûl'1aU(l : •• fIlO.:1 h.,.<br />

7J.. •. 1l;.'<br />

lsel... bIT .. I?' ,.~ ,\0 ..- -'I<br />

n~' Hail.<br />

SoL'lan II~.<br />

~..msI1;)In.a.t<br />

lloVIol<br />

1H; , . ~:: ... -<br />

! ~~:;':.~UI1J'<br />

i ~:'-'~I'~~II'.nJI"O' E."TlL :lo.l-iru~:'-'- :_"_: ~<br />

I lO"",<br />

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I ......... ?l:' ... SJ'~.I"'baa" ...... ~ 1\..4<br />

, ~',(.1 C 01' • ",f:.<br />

~.lr l, ....<br />

"., .... S..~o' ~_Io..o.<br />

O.J.<br />

Rapora göre Kürtçenin Zaza<br />

ve Klrmanç lehçelerini<br />

konu~an a~ir<strong>et</strong>lerin toplam<br />

nüfusu yakla~lk iki milyon<br />

(1.996.972).<br />

Tamaml1.13sayfaolanraporunsonaltl<br />

sayfastnda Iran, Irak ve Suriye'<strong>de</strong> Türkiye<br />

SIOifina yak In bÖlgeler<strong>de</strong> yerl8$mi, qi.<br />

r<strong>et</strong>ierslralanlyor. Slnlrboyu a,ir<strong>et</strong>lerinin<br />

SIOifin öbür ta raIl i1eiliskileri <strong>de</strong> eie allOlvor.<br />

Mardin Cizre'<strong>de</strong>n Oü<strong>de</strong>ryan a,ir<strong>et</strong>i.<br />

Urfa Siverek'len Tamalh, Merkez ilçe<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Atmanll a$ir<strong>et</strong>lerinin, "kaçakçlllk<br />

yaptlklan" belirtillyor. 14 bin nüfuslu Gü.<br />

yan asirelinin ise Hakkari'<strong>de</strong> oturdu~u be-'<br />

I<br />

I<br />

33


.18VAM<br />

lirtildikten san ra, kadlnlann In bir klsmlnln<br />

"kl~ln Musul ve Bagdat'ta g enelev ve ran<strong>de</strong>vuevlerin<br />

<strong>de</strong> çall~t Igl, yazlO<br />

döndükleri" s uçlamasl yaplhyor. Raporda,<br />

Van 'da daglnlk bir ~eki I<strong>de</strong> yerle~ml~<br />

alan Buriki a$ ir<strong>et</strong>i için "Barzani'ye taral-.<br />

tarhk <strong>et</strong>tikleri h ususunda ~ü pheler" var.<br />

Burlkililer, aynca "Kürtçülük faaliy<strong>et</strong>lerinl<br />

<strong>de</strong>steklerler" ve "Rus propaganda <strong>et</strong>klsi<br />

attlnda kahrl ar" Iddialanyla da k.?r~1kar-<br />

$Iya. iran 'da H alikan a$ir<strong>et</strong>l reisi Omer Ile<br />

"gizli ili~kileri" <strong>de</strong> oldugu belirtillyor. Buriki<br />

a~lr<strong>et</strong>inln li<strong>de</strong>rl Kinyas Kartal.<br />

Rapora göre, Burikililer,<br />

Kürtçülük faaliy<strong>et</strong>lerini<br />

<strong>de</strong>steklerler" ve "Rus<br />

propaganda <strong>et</strong>kisi alttnda<br />

kahrlar"dl. Buriki a~ir<strong>et</strong>inin<br />

Ii<strong>de</strong>ri Kinyas Karta!.<br />

Raperda önem verilen bir dlger kanu<br />

Cumhurly<strong>et</strong> tarihin<strong>de</strong> çlkan Kürt isyanlanna<br />

kar$1a$ir<strong>et</strong>lerin tutumu. Bazdan, "Isyana<br />

katll ml~lar", bazllarl Ise<br />

,'katdmaml$la r" olarak slnlf landlnlml~. isyana<br />

katllanlardan Var d:n<strong>de</strong>n Berikan-<br />

Illar raporda, "geçimsiz olup hlrslzhga<br />

egihmleri vard Ir" sozle"yle tammlamyor.<br />

H!rslzhga egllimleri alan b ir dlger a~ir<strong>et</strong>,<br />

rapera göre Artvin'Cen Po~a. PO$alila-<br />

:1:1az blr kls/n/ iç:~,<strong>de</strong>"d<strong>de</strong>ncilik yaparlar'<br />

oen/yor<br />

VERGI vr:: ASKERLiKTEN<br />

KAÇINIR'<br />

Siirt'te oturan Gerisan a$ iratlnln kadln-<br />

Ian "aile araslnda söz s::!hibl' Artvin'-<br />

.:Jen"A$akir veya Çadlr Kürdj" a$ir<strong>et</strong>inin<br />

kadlnlan Ise rapora, "ço(junlukla fahllolEllik<br />

yaparak gaçim lerini saglarlar" iddiaslYla<br />

gaçmi$lar.<br />

Vargi ve askarlik, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>l n iki temel di.,<br />

r~: Raporu hazlr1ayanlar a $ir<strong>et</strong>le ri bu ölçütlere<br />

göre d e <strong>de</strong>gerlendirmi~lerdi. Adlyaman'dan<br />

Kavi a~ir<strong>et</strong>ine bagll olanlar<br />

lçin, "askerliktl¥l.çekinir ve gizlenirler"<br />

<strong>de</strong>niyt>r, Mara~'ta yerle$sn Atmah a$ir<strong>et</strong>in<strong>de</strong>n<br />

olanlar, "askerlikten kaçar1ar," Bir<br />

klsml askerllk yapmamak içln nülusa ka-<br />

Ylt almazlardl.<br />

Mardln'<strong>de</strong>aturan Dek$u ri B$ir<strong>et</strong>inin blr<br />

klsml "askerl Ik hizm<strong>et</strong>lni yapmamak içln<br />

her türlü çareye ba$vururlardl." Sllrt'te<br />

aturan Davudiyan a~lr<strong>et</strong>l lçin "askerllk<br />

yapmaktan kaçlnlr" Ibares ivar, Ama rapar<br />

bunun~a y<strong>et</strong>lnmlyarve e kllyar: "Suçlulan<br />

saklarlarve bunlarla blrlikte suç i$lerler,"<br />

Gene Siirt'ten Talan a~ir<strong>et</strong>i lçin<br />

"vergi Ils askerlikten kaçlnlr" açlklama-<br />

SI YSrailyar,<br />

A~ir<strong>et</strong>lerin eQltlm durumlan da rapar.<br />

dule a"nmll~, Blngöl Genç lIçesln<strong>de</strong> otu.<br />

rsn Botlyan a~lr<strong>et</strong>l, "oahll, mutaasslp ve<br />

ha~ln" sözlerlyle <strong>de</strong>Oerlendlrlllyar, Mer.<br />

kez llçe<strong>de</strong> otu ran Çanmerlk qlr<strong>et</strong>llse yal.<br />

nlzea, "cahll" slfalinalaYlkgörOlüyor, Bu.<br />

na kal1ll1k gene Blngöl'On lIçelerln<strong>de</strong>otu.<br />

ran Hormek a,lr<strong>et</strong>l, "çocuk larlna yOklek<br />

tahlll yaptlrm ak lçln bOyOk çaba harcar"<br />

dl.<br />

• •<br />

Tuncell'<strong>de</strong>kl 48 a,lrenen<br />

85.469 nOtullu 39 .. Ir<strong>et</strong>.<br />

IIg0v.nllmez" dl.11<br />

vurulmu,. Kllan dokuz 1,lr<strong>et</strong><br />

191nIl', "yurdumuZi baOh<br />

görOnOrler" ya da<br />

lIKOrt9010k taally<strong>et</strong>lerlne<br />

34<br />

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A~IRETIN (.l'Y • .k.bil~Dia)<br />

n'II<br />

<strong>de</strong><strong>et</strong>ek olurllr" <strong>de</strong>nlyor.<br />

Oevl<strong>et</strong> gOzüyle Tuncell'<strong>de</strong><br />

"yurdumuzl baOh" a,lr<strong>et</strong><br />

yok.<br />

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•<br />

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DEVAH<br />

ziyor, ancak, "Düoünceier" bOlümün<strong>de</strong><br />

"yeni nesU Kü rtçeyi tamam en lerk<strong>et</strong>mlo<br />

olup, ancak yao"lar konu,u r" <strong>de</strong>Qerlendirmesi<br />

yapll, yor. Lolan" ve $e~hhasan-<br />

"a,ir<strong>et</strong>leri için aynca "Atat ürk Inkllaplanna<br />

baa"dlr "<strong>de</strong>niyor ..,<br />

"GÜVENILMEZ"<br />

Ri::KüHU<br />

... $avak a, ir<strong>et</strong>i yayla göç ü tela,mdaydl.<br />

Çocuklarsa nef8liydi. GOç <strong>de</strong>mek onlar<br />

için oyun <strong>de</strong>mel<strong>et</strong>l. Hele yaylaya çlklnca.<br />

Sö{jüt aOacInin kabuaundan düdük<br />

yapmak vardl, lolan oynamak vardl ....<br />

, Pertek'in genç kaymakaml endioellydi.<br />

Elin<strong>de</strong>ki "çokgizli" alw<strong>et</strong>lerraporunda<br />

$avakqir<strong>et</strong>iiçin, "kendilerinegüvenU~ez.<br />

Yayla 80runlan ile yaylaya gidi,<br />

ve dönü,leri yol üzerin<strong>de</strong>ki kOyler ve VIlay<strong>et</strong><br />

için çe,itli problemler do{jurur" yazlyordu.<br />

Raporda, Tunceli i1in<strong>de</strong> varhal<br />

saptanan 48 a,ir<strong>et</strong>ten 39'u için ay"' "kendilerine<br />

gOven ilmez" ibares Iyer ahyordu.<br />

Bu 39 a,ir<strong>et</strong>in loplam nüfu~.u 85.469 klljiydi.<br />

Geriye kalan 11.328nufuslu ookuz<br />

aljir<strong>et</strong> için ise, "yurdumuza baOl1<br />

görünOrler" ya da "Kürtçülük faaliy<strong>et</strong>lerini<br />

<strong>de</strong>sleklerler" <strong>de</strong>niyordu. Devl<strong>et</strong> gözüyte.<br />

Tunceli'<strong>de</strong>"yurdumuza~li" 8ljir<strong>et</strong><br />

yol<strong>et</strong>u. Tunceli'<strong>de</strong>n göç <strong>et</strong>tlnlen koy-<br />

IOlerin, "ya daaa çlkarsln. ya kor~c~<br />

olursun" tehditlerinin ve daha bin turlu<br />

basklnln alMda Tunceli'nin bu güvenil.<br />

mezli{!i mi vardl? ~<br />

..GÜVENiLMEZ ~A$iRETLEÂ" .<br />

Parantez çm<strong>de</strong>k/ler a~"<strong>et</strong> re/sI ya da lien<br />

gelenlennm ad land"<br />

Baljlmi (Seda Aslankillç), ErtUl;i (Cemil<br />

Ozbek, Mehm<strong>et</strong> Unal), Guyan (Ail<br />

Han Tatar, Ahm<strong>et</strong> Agit Aktürk), Begarra<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong> Abdl k Söker), Gubuat (Abdul<br />

Naci Zobiloglu), Halikan" (Yasin Ba<strong>de</strong>mci),<br />

Alimeholu (Sait Pekdil). Abasan<br />

(Mahmut Onen), Barava (Sabri Çakar,<br />

Artl Çakar, Memduh Çakar). ,Batuan<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong> Kalaç), Bubelan (Ibrahim Kurt.<br />

Yusul Kasa), Cemmokâki (Ali Devenas,<br />

Osman Demir). Dekl;ori (Zlver Mldyat),<br />

Dekl;uri (~eyhmus Ekmen, Ib.rahlm Ekmen<br />

Sallh Ekmen), Atamankl (Husey,"<br />

Çele'bl), Dizveren (H.amlt Fldan). Dümbülhan<br />

(Memduh ~e$seaglu, All Telh.agaoglu),<br />

Herikan (Ahm<strong>et</strong> Yüksel), Hewki<br />

(Murat Yenlgün, ~ehmus Çelebl, Husey'"<br />

Çelebi, Nail Kapanoglu. , Zlver Mid.<br />

yat). Hüverki (Murat Yenlgun, Nail Kapanoglu,<br />

Seyli Güne$tan), Kiçani (Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Çeklrge). Ömerhan (Murat Gaspak.<br />

Ömer Asan), !?emsan (Fendt Ka$ba$),<br />

Klkan (Newal Timur, Hadl TImur. A. Kadir<br />

Timur), Kiki (Ismail Killçaslan), M<strong>et</strong>lnan<br />

(A. Kadir A<strong>de</strong>m, Emlnogl~ Cemil).<br />

Musa Re,an (Miha Bada), Omergan<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong> Ylldlrlm, Abdullah Yildlrlm,Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Eliker, Hamit Eliker, Selahallin Ehkerl,<br />

Pmarh (Hüsey," Ylld Irtm), Rutan<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong> Necimoglu). Sellkan (Omer Gö.<br />

kalp), Sothan (SM Karah an"), Sorkan<br />

(Ahm<strong>et</strong> Beyaglu Hlm), Temlkan (Musa<br />

Anter. Hüseyin Esat, M,ehm<strong>et</strong> Asian),<br />

Teyyani Kervan (Kaslm Ozkan, Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Mungan, Faysal Mungan). Teyya.ni Reljlt<br />

(A. Kadir Uçar, A. Rahman Oktem.<br />

Salih 1,lkl, Zahuran Süleyman Asian,<br />

$ehmus Çelebi), Curanh (Mahmut Sever,<br />

Ibrahim Sever, Ahm<strong>et</strong> Sever), Atlyan<br />

(Emin Özcan), Alikan (Behç<strong>et</strong> Apaydtnl,<br />

Babusi (Mehm<strong>et</strong> Can Y<strong>et</strong>ut), Batuvan<br />

(Osman Demir, Salt Demir), Belekan<br />

(Simko SIrkeil), Beleki (Rlza ÇlftÇI, ~ehm<strong>et</strong><br />

De~:prmencl, Sabri AVCI), Benkan<br />

(Hama Korkmaz), Düdiran (Mirza Tellk),<br />

Garza (Neslp Asian, Ferman Ylldlrlm,<br />

Suleyman Asian, Sabri Avcl, Mahmut<br />

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Davudiyan (Mehm<strong>et</strong> Akman), Ha-<br />

CI Bayram (Agit Tatar), Kiçan (Boti<br />

Abay), Maladibu (Osman Slni, Ekrem<br />

Slni), Malal;er<strong>et</strong> (Mehm<strong>et</strong> Niyazi), Mel<strong>et</strong>an<br />

(Hasan Genç), Musan (Abdülkerim<br />

Sankaya, Azizo{!lu Nesip), Pencenar<br />

(Ç<strong>et</strong>o Akgül). Poran (Hasan Çmar,<br />

Kaslm Klnay, Hikm<strong>et</strong> Erdo{!an), Ramman<br />

(Halll Demir), Receban (Muham.<br />

medi MiSti) Re,kotan (Ahm<strong>et</strong> Karabulût),<br />

Sarml (ismail Înalcl), Silokan (Abdullah<br />

Kocakaplan), Sinikan (M. Ali Ay.<br />

dl~), Sinka (Osman Karsak). Tayan (Muhammedi<br />

Ferhan), Usturlkan (Rem ma<br />

Adans), Klrmel;eli (Yusuf $ahin), Abbasu,agl<br />

(Ah Rlza Polat, Kamer Çaklr),<br />

Alan (Ali Aras), ArelIi (Hldlr Sadlk), Aslanu,agl<br />

(Celai Yerlikaya), AturanUf8al<br />

(ibrahim Mahmutoglu),Babamansurlu<br />

(Mehm<strong>et</strong> otagün), Bahtlyaruf891 (Aliljéln<br />

Çevik), Balabanll (Haydar Mutlu), Balçlkanh<br />

(Bertal Uzunda{!), Balu,agl (Seyit<br />

Kemaller).Bermazh(HüseyinÇiftçi).Be-<br />

Il. .."_<br />

'.. ~..t . ,y.t'.<br />

'.<br />

-{.5-<br />

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lM ':rao 14. Y.117K &f.U't~ V• .u.o...~r ..<br />

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DEVAM<br />

meydan Omer), Ezellnan (Abdurranman<br />

ÖZbay), Haydanlnh (Nadir Süpnan,<br />

Mustafa Yi{lit), Cllavl (Ebubeklr Yaliar),<br />

Mukurl (Tatar Tayyar), Mem~nh (Mustafa<br />

Yi{lit), Milan (Ali Ihsan Çellktali, Kemal<br />

Da{lgezer).<br />

"KURTCULUK FAALÏVETiNi ~<br />

DESTEKLEVEN A$IRETLER'''''' .<br />

Halikanll (Halls Öztürk). Sakan (Hasan<br />

Kotan), Güyan (Alihan Tatar, Ahm~t<br />

Agit Akturk), Beboyi (M. Ibrahim Gune~),<br />

Beskanll (ismail Alaca,Emln Zengin.<br />

Zahir Topkaya), Celall (l~m~11 .'\Iaca.<br />

Turgut Artaç), Clbranll (Tl' " lV~ngui)<br />

Dilhayranll (Ismail Alace ,,' gut \rtaç,'<br />

Glyas Koyuncu). Hankanll (Ya,n<br />

Ba<strong>de</strong>mcl), Koskanll (ISmail; Alaca. :~;-<br />

dullah Karakurt), Rekkanll ('brahlm ",I,;'<br />

ne~, Ömer $ark, Enver Gün7' SCphan<br />

Güne~. Ismail A.laca, Turgut A.aca), Abasan<br />

(Mahmut Onen, Sadlk Onen), Barava<br />

(Sabri Çakar, AnI Çakar, Memdu~<br />

Çakar), Bile~ki (Salih Usta),: i);qun<br />

($eyhmuz Ekmen, Ibrahim EK['"l


•<br />

•<br />

DEVAM<br />

KIMr), Kofblnlk, Kuran (Mehm<strong>et</strong> YazmacI),<br />

Kurl (HaUl Beko), Kurkanll (Hasan<br />

Tanrlkulu), Kümra,kan (Ahm<strong>et</strong> Kayuncu),<br />

Lebencl, Mendan (Reyit Slcak),<br />

M.I'NVI (Mahmut Dogan), Milli (Salih<br />

Kaymaz), Mlrd •• anll (Ali Aksoy), N•••<br />

ran (Haci Buba Gök<strong>de</strong>mir), Blcanll (Galip<br />

Yüks.I), Re,uran (Sinan T<strong>et</strong>lk), ~a.<br />

bukanh ($lhmüsUm Çiçen), M•• llhan<br />

.(Salim Ekinci), Slmekan (Ömer ÇeUk),<br />

~arklYlln (Abdurrdhman Yüksel, Bekir<br />

Ural),$edd8d1 (Aliz Gökh.an),~emllyan<br />

(Cuma Tartl), Surufhan (Ismail Çakar),<br />

$Ihlinh (Hamdi Seydo, Cevh<strong>et</strong> Turgut,<br />

.rbrahim Y<strong>et</strong>kin, Mehmedi Seydo, Meh.<br />

'm<strong>et</strong> Beyaz), Tamah (Fanses $Iho), Türk.<br />

an ~F"!~tKaraca), TOrkmen ($erif Cevherl),<br />

U~n(Abdullah Oiken), Helol,<br />

Botan (Ömer Öz<strong>de</strong>mir), Gelol (Hasan<br />

E~~inç), ~ürealn (Maksuto{llu Yemen,<br />

HuseYin Isa), Meleyan (Re$it M<strong>et</strong>un),<br />

!?emalkl (Mustafa Basut, Mehm<strong>et</strong> Yigit).<br />

!?Idan (Kaya Oner, Cafer Delan), !?Ikak<br />

(~rs<strong>et</strong> Bayer, Seyit Celai $ahin), Takuri<br />

(Izz<strong>et</strong> Akin, Celai Polat). .<br />

"FAZLA SIKI~TIRMI~<br />

..<br />

<<br />

L<br />

2000'8<br />

Dogru'yu<br />

Anadolu<br />

Basin BIr"-<br />

gi Genel<br />

Ba$kanl<br />

Lüt!ü Akcan<br />

aradl.<br />

Birli~in bugüne<br />

ka-<br />

" dar çlkan<br />

., yaymlarl-<br />

.nlnhemen<br />

h~me~.tü-<br />

_~.<br />

, . -_ mu Turkiye<br />

mn "ha~s konula,,"na aYrllml$h.Ornek,<br />

I$kence MerkezU Propagandanln<br />

He<strong>de</strong>fleri ve Terör Örgütlen",n<br />

1986.<br />

IskencecI Yuzu"<br />

.<br />

Ankara<br />

OLABiLiRSiNiz"<br />

Ana?OI.~BaSin Blrllgl Genel Baskanl<br />

Lutfu Akean'a Klnyas Kartal'In<br />

"Hatlrala"m" kitablnln hazlrlanl$ süreClnl<br />

sorduk. "Kinyas Bey'<strong>de</strong>n hatirala"",<br />

yazmaslnl Istedik. Yaslndan<br />

dolaYIyazamayacaglnl söy1emis.Bana<br />

il<strong>et</strong>ildi Ben <strong>de</strong> konusmasl",n ban.<br />

da kaYltedilmeslnl soyiedim. Konusma<br />

yaplldl. Bant <strong>de</strong>slfre edildlkten<br />

soma yaYina hazlrlanan biçimi ken.<br />

dlslne göturu Idü ve gösterildi Oke.<br />

YI allndlktan soma bastldl .. Akcan<br />

kitapçl~In bes bin<strong>de</strong>n fazla baslldlglnl.<br />

yurtiçi ve dlSIdagltlm,nln yaptl.<br />

dlglnl. ozelilk le Dogu bOlgesln<strong>de</strong>kl<br />

okulIara. unlversltelere gb"<strong>de</strong>nldiglni<br />

söylüyord u Muhab", mlZ, Klnyas<br />

Kartal'Ia yaptlgl gö'usm eYI kendlslne<br />

aktar,nea Ll',!'U .A.kcar'." va"I!,<br />

"KpndlSlnl ~l::L:. slkl~t!rr',c:<br />

olabllrrs'" IZ" b',;'m1nrJe '1Irl.. '<br />

KINYAS KARTAL<br />

"Onlar vazdlrch"<br />

Bir kitapçlk daha. Yirmi iki sayfa.<br />

Bunun künyesi yerli yerln<strong>de</strong>.<br />

BaSin yasaslna uygun. "Kaf$I-propaganda"da<br />

bazen yazann adlnl, ya-<br />

Ylnl, yaYln Ylllni belirtmek daha <strong>et</strong>ki-<br />

Ii olabillyor anlasllan. "Kürtler, Türk<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>inin Dogu Anadolu'daki adldir"<br />

seklin<strong>de</strong>kl resmi tezi, Türk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>inin<br />

herhangi bir y<strong>et</strong>kilisinin tekrarlama-<br />

SI baska, güçlü Kürt a~ir<strong>et</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ön<strong>de</strong> gelen bir sahsln söylemesi<br />

baska.<br />

1901Ylhnda bugün Sovy<strong>et</strong>ler Birli\)i'nin<br />

slntrlan için<strong>de</strong> olan Tanmkent'te<br />

dünyayagelen; ba$lndan beri<br />

kaf$1oldugu Bol~evik Oevrimi'n<strong>de</strong>n<br />

soma, asir<strong>et</strong>iyle birlikte 1922Ylhnda<br />

Türkiye'ye gelip Van bölgesine yerlesen,<br />

9 çocuk ve 22 torun sahibi,<br />

Rusça, Franslzca, biraz A1manca,biraz<br />

Arapça ve sözkonusu kitabm<br />

"Türkçe'nin a~ir<strong>et</strong>ler<strong>de</strong> konusulan<br />

sekli" diye tanlmladlgl Kür1çeyi <strong>de</strong><br />

bilen, 15 YII mill<strong>et</strong>vekilligi ve btr dönem<br />

<strong>de</strong> Meclis Ba~kanhgl yapan,<br />

300-400 bin nüfuslu Buriki a~ir<strong>et</strong>inin<br />

ön<strong>de</strong> gelen Ismi Kinyas Kartal. Kendisi<br />

"tanh" alan, onca olaYI bizzat<br />

yaSaml$Kinyas Kartal, Anadolu Basin<br />

Birli{ji' nln glri$imiyle Erlvan'dan<br />

Van'a Hatlrs/arlm adlnl ta~lyan btr<br />

kitapçlk yaYlnllyor.<br />

Klnyas Kartal kltablnda "Kurtçu"<br />

olmadlglnl soylüyordu. Dogulu 01.<br />

....... 1 _<br />

.............. iIIIolh<br />

[lIU'.u<br />

HATIRAlARIM<br />

'fU'J<br />

mak ayn bir mill<strong>et</strong>ten olmaYI gereKtirmezdi.<br />

Türk mill<strong>et</strong>inin blr çok kolu<br />

ve boyu vardl. Kürtler <strong>de</strong> Türk mill<strong>et</strong>inln<br />

Oogu Anadolu'daki adlydl.<br />

Kinyas Kartal anllanm içeren kitapçlkta<br />

"bugünkü sevgislz<br />

ortamda" paylan bulundugu gerekçesiyle<br />

aydlnlarada klzfYO'du.Aydinlar<br />

ciddi incelem<strong>et</strong>er<strong>de</strong> bulunmadan<br />

ash astan olmayan sözler edlyorlardl.<br />

Padi~ahhk <strong>de</strong>vrini kötülüyorlar,<br />

SultanAbdülhamit'e"enva-i türlü "Ithamlarda<br />

bulunuyorlardl. PadlflShhk<br />

dönemin<strong>de</strong> a~ir<strong>et</strong>ler rahattl.<br />

$AHANE AÇIKLAMALAR<br />

"BoI~vik zulmü"ne dayanamaytp<br />

1922 Ylhnda a~ir<strong>et</strong>iyte blrlikte Van<br />

bölgesine yerle~en Kinyas Kartal,<br />

1925'<strong>de</strong>ki "$eyh Sait ayaklanmasl"ndan<br />

soma 1926 Ylhnda izmir'e,<br />

1937Yllinda Trakya'ya ve son olarak<br />

da 1960Ylhnda Sivas'. sürgün editiyordu.<br />

Bunler GzOcüoIaytardl. ."ma<br />

ol.un, bunu bqka mlll<strong>et</strong>1.n birisi<br />

Kinyas Kartel'a yapsaydl, "ktrlhr"dl,<br />

Kandi.l Türk mill<strong>et</strong>inin bir ferdi oIdu-<br />

Ouiçln sürgünlere klrllmak lJOyle dur.<br />

sun, hOliuna da gitmifti. "Dalu yagdl,<br />

benim tartama lsab<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>ti" <strong>de</strong>mi~<br />

ti. Oysa fimdiki gençler<strong>de</strong> "bu sevgl,<br />

bu baghhk, bu tolerans y<strong>et</strong>eri<br />

kadar" yoktu,<br />

Kinyas KartaI, kitapçlkta "dini duygulan"",n<br />

"milli duygulardan" Once<br />

gelifliOlne dikkat çekiyor, Htristiyan<br />

alemlnin Türk mill<strong>et</strong>ine kar$1<br />

"hasmane" davran~lartndan Omek-<br />

1er aktaflyordu. "Komünizm<br />

tehlikesine" <strong>de</strong> i~ar<strong>et</strong> e<strong>de</strong>n Kinyas<br />

Kartal bu tehlikenin ônlenebilmesL<br />

içln lki yo! Oneriyordu.Bunlardan bin<br />

dlndi, diQeri<strong>de</strong> zenginlik, DOrtbir yammll<br />

dü~manla çevriliydi. Türk'ün<br />

Türk'ten balika dostu voktu.<br />

"~E~iMLE TEMAS EOENLERLE<br />

BIRLlKTE YAZOIM"<br />

12Eytül'<strong>de</strong>n sonra Türk-Islam sentezi<br />

çerçevesln<strong>de</strong> Türk <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>inin resmi<br />

tezi haline g<strong>et</strong>irilen 9örüli1erin,aynen<br />

ve dobra dobra Kinyas Kartal tarahndan<br />

"benimsenmis" olmasl<br />

2000'8 Dol)ru'nun dikkatini çekmiliti.<br />

Oy\e ys 1960 Ylhnclaki"SS'ler sürgünü"nü<br />

konu alan 20 Arahk 1961ta.<br />

rihli Y~n <strong>de</strong>rgisin<strong>de</strong>. "Biz ne kadar<br />

Turküz <strong>de</strong>sek <strong>de</strong> Kürd üz Bunu <strong>de</strong>giftirmeye<br />

lmkan yak" <strong>de</strong>memi~<br />

miydi Kinyas Kartal?<br />

2OOO'eD~ru, Kinyas Kartal'I Van'-<br />

da buldu. Kitabl kendisiyle temas<br />

e<strong>de</strong>nlerle birlikte yazm Iftl Kinyas<br />

Kartal Kitab; için"baslldlktansonra<br />

okudum <strong>de</strong>rsem yalan söy1emlli<br />

olurum" diyordu. Muhabir, KOrtlerin<br />

()o:J(.!uAnadolu'da yll$ayan Türkler<br />

olduOu ve KGrtçenin <strong>de</strong> 0 bOlge<strong>de</strong><br />

a~rf'ttler aras/nda konu(iulan Türkçe.<br />

n~n<strong>de</strong>Oiiik biçimi olduOu feklin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

kltapta yeralan sözleri hatlrlattl Kin.<br />

yas Kaltal'R.<br />

. "T~r.kl~e'<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mokrasi rejiminln<br />

Istedlglmlz $81;ll<strong>de</strong> çahlimadlOI bir<br />

gerçflktir. Derginizin toplatlldlOlnl<br />

rluy(....m.. diyordu Kinyas KarteI.<br />

"ASLI OLMASA ADI DA OLMAZDI'.'<br />

Kinyas Kartal'a gOreAtatürk Finli'-<br />

ye <strong>de</strong> Macar'a da Türk diyordu, çünkü<br />

0 birlikten yanaydlve birllk i8tiyordu.<br />

~k<strong>et</strong> SüreyyaAy<strong>de</strong>mir'in bir kitablOr1aAtatürk'ün,<br />

"Kurtulus ::;ava-<br />

SIOI Türk ve Kürtier birlikte<br />

kazanml$llr" <strong>de</strong>digini haMatan Kinyas<br />

K",rtal, "Halk aras IOda bir Kürt<br />

kelim('~i var mldlr? Vardlr. Ash olma.<br />

saydl /lai da olmazdl. Bunlar ay" mlll<strong>et</strong>tir.<br />

Bu mill<strong>et</strong> vardlr. BuQdaym kendisi<br />

olmasaydl adl olur muydu? Yak<br />

buralan. kar yagarml$ da. yurürken<br />

'kert-kürt' diye ses çlkarmls da.<br />

BOyl('l !ley olmaz" diyordu.<br />

Kin)'as Kartal, Türkiye için "bura.<br />

SI benim memlek<strong>et</strong>im. Ben memlekelimi<br />

sevenm, refahlnl, kalkmmaslnl<br />

isterim, bölünmesine kaf$IYlm" diye<br />

sürdürüyordu konusmasml. OatH!<br />

önce <strong>de</strong> söylemi$li, "Sf'


o çegi<br />

DEVAM<br />

13/19.12.87<br />

..<br />

BASYAll<br />

DOC1u<br />

PERINÇEK<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>in kIslf döngüsü<br />

D<br />

evl<strong>et</strong>in "çok gizli" a$ir<strong>et</strong>ler<br />

raporu, herkesin<br />

'. bildigi çok açlk bir ger-<br />

resmen dogruluyor:<br />

GUnUmüzün eumhuriy<strong>et</strong>i,<br />

otoritesini sürdürebilmek için, Do-<br />

~u bölgesïn<strong>de</strong> ~ir<strong>et</strong>ler arasl bölünme<br />

ve çatl$malara muhtaç oldu~unu<br />

dÜ$ünmektedir. Y<strong>et</strong>kililerin "iç<br />

ban$" sloganlan da, "yurt<br />

bütünlügü" ve "<strong>de</strong>mokrasi" sloganlan<br />

da resmi bir ikiyüzlülüktür.<br />

Her <strong>de</strong>mokratik iste~in kar$lslna,<br />

"sonra 12 EylüJ öneesinin kanh<br />

ortamma dönülür" tehdidiyle<br />

kar$l çlkanlar, a$ir<strong>et</strong>ler arasmda<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>, Dogu bölgesin<strong>de</strong> en y<strong>et</strong>kili memurlannm<br />

eline yIllardIr bir önyargllistesi tutu~turuyor.<br />

Bu önyargIlar, haliyle <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in uygula.<br />

malanna yanslyor. Böylece <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>, "güvenilmez"<br />

damgaslßl vurdugu büyük bir insan kit.<br />

lesini, kendi uygulamalarlyla daba da "güve.<br />

nilmez" bale g<strong>et</strong>iriyor. Ashnda "güvenilmez"<br />

olan, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in kendisidir. E~itsiz uygulamilla.<br />

ra ugrayanlal', bakslzhk görenIer, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e niçin<br />

güvensin? "Güvenilmez"<br />

Sir döngüsüdür<br />

kanh çau$malardan med<strong>et</strong> umuyorlar. Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong>, 00-<br />

gu'daki varhalnl iç ban$a <strong>de</strong>gil, dÜ$manltklara dayandlnyor<br />

.. A$ire:!


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I-",r.. lu.:.&t "l'UllC'1l T~"I':':""<br />

I A\'~~plC.&: A,a, .. : ~(~:"'lC-. -<br />

o.:.....r-. v: .1. '~'.J:'"t". h. \ ; •.<br />

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I ~_C'a..-IO,&;. .,1'. - _ h. J~ -' 'A<br />

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l ~ - .~~.., h. ,~.,,~ : .1_ '- .....:.1."<br />

bu (l~ .. ,oa.. . -,,-''''- /<br />

It ... I-It nO'']'' ..~ .... , ,,,-<br />

Dl~r~(r1.rR<br />

1"'&1\6 j(a:L.ma:-.:~.<br />

r urdurnuz. .. I}.:. .<br />

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A.s,rr:u ': ,,~:... t~<br />

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I~l, :-,I~ •.L'"<br />

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NA$iT HAKKI<br />

"Bey'in sermay~s~~tjibahk, sattlgl m<strong>et</strong>a <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> nüfuzudur"<br />

Na~it Hakkl Ulug, Atatürk'ün yakln çevresin<strong>de</strong> yer alan gaz<strong>et</strong>eciler<strong>de</strong>n. 1925'te $eyh Sait isyam<br />

slrasmda Dogu illerin<strong>de</strong> tuttugu notlan,1932'<strong>de</strong> "Derebeyi ve Dersim" adh kitablnda toplaml~.<br />

Kitaptan bazi pasajlan aynen a~aglya ahyoruz.<br />

Artlk bey biliyor:<br />

Cumhuriy<strong>et</strong> nazannda;<br />

Bir bey ile bir köylü araslnda tark yoktur.<br />

Kbylü beyin e~yaslndan saYllmaz.<br />

Bey Istedi{l ini astlflp kestiremez.<br />

Bey. istedi{linin IrZlna sahip <strong>de</strong>{lildir.<br />

Bey, köyün sahibi, köyün bütün mah.<br />

sulatlnln bütün sayinin, için<strong>de</strong> ya~ayan.<br />

lann ve halla do{lacaklann sahibi <strong>de</strong>{lil.<br />

dir.<br />

Bey. vergi verecektir.<br />

Beyza<strong>de</strong>, askere gi<strong>de</strong>cektir.<br />

Bey kanunu tanlyacaktlr.<br />

Bey, memurlan elin<strong>de</strong> maymun gibi<br />

oynatamayac aklir.<br />

Bey, hüküm<strong>et</strong> dairesin<strong>de</strong> masanln ba.<br />

~lnda çöküp istedi{li ~eyi yaptlrmak için<br />

jandarmaYI k ullanamayac aktir.<br />

Bey. <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> merkezin<strong>de</strong> tesis <strong>et</strong>ti{li va.<br />

zly<strong>et</strong>e güvenerek önüne geleni t<strong>et</strong>hi~<br />

e<strong>de</strong>meyecektir. (Sayfa 6)<br />

"Ehliy<strong>et</strong>i hukukiye"yi ~hlslanna inhi.<br />

sar <strong>et</strong>tirmek yolunu bulan bu beyler,<br />

~eyhler ve a{lalar, her mlntlklda kuvv<strong>et</strong>li<br />

bir veya birkaç birlik. yapml~lardlr. Demek<br />

caizse; her nafuz ve tegallüp birli-<br />

{II, kar~llikll menfaat üzerine kurulu bir<br />

türöstten ba~ka bir ~ey <strong>de</strong>Oiidir.<br />

Bu türöstü n sermayesi zorbalik, satli{ll<br />

m<strong>et</strong>a <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> nüfuzudur. (Sayfa 14)<br />

Bir usul daha vardlr: Eie geçirileme.<br />

yen kom~u topraklannl kazanmak için hükum<strong>et</strong>te<br />

mütemadiyen tezvir yaplllr: Ha-<br />

Indlr, iftirakçldlr, gaslptlr ...<br />

Hüküm<strong>et</strong> bu tezvirlere kaplldl ml, elin<strong>de</strong>kl<br />

be~ on jandarma ile üzerine gi<strong>de</strong>mez.<br />

0 zaman hüküm<strong>et</strong>çi olan bey bü.<br />

tün kuvv<strong>et</strong>iyle. <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in emrine AmA<strong>de</strong>.<br />

dir. Devl<strong>et</strong> namlna, rakibini tepeler, ma.<br />

~ Gelecekte makinayla sa~lIacak.<br />

lint mülkünü ya{lma e<strong>de</strong>r, tepelenen çolu{lunu<br />

çocu{lunu alip kaçarsa bey <strong>de</strong><br />

gelir, köye ku rulur.<br />

Hüküm<strong>et</strong>, <strong>de</strong>rebeyine böyle fiilen hiz.<br />

m<strong>et</strong> a<strong>de</strong>r. (Sayfa 16)<br />

39<br />

)


BILAL AKSOY (Ögr<strong>et</strong>men, yazar) DEVJ.l..M<br />

"Rapor yanh~larladolu"<br />

"Elazlg'da ikâm<strong>et</strong> e<strong>de</strong>n kimseler Erzurum'da a~ir<strong>et</strong> reis; olarak<br />

gösterilmi~. Elazlg'ln Karakoçan ilçesi Erzurum'un bir ilçesi gibi<br />

gösterilmi~, 'Kürtçü' olarak fi~lenen Karakoçan Belediye<br />

B~kanl Abdüsselam Çiçek, mensup olmadlgl<br />

bir a~ir<strong>et</strong>in reisi olarak gösterilmi~."<br />

Bizim ülkemiz<strong>de</strong> egemen güçlp<br />

her ne<strong>de</strong>nse canaltcl sorunla'<br />

da caima çeli~kili, iklrcikli bir p<<br />

Iitika izleyedurmu !ilardlr. l!il.<br />

rapor genel olarak incelendi{lin<strong>de</strong>, k.h<br />

da <strong>de</strong>{ler birçok yanh~hklar göze çart<br />

maktadlr. Bunun da ne<strong>de</strong>ni halkla dE"<br />

leI ih~kilennln kopuk olmasl ve <strong>de</strong>vlel'<br />

kendl "Iebaa "sl'1a duydugu kuSkudlJ'<br />

Ben kendl pay'ma, raporda ver al:><br />

yanh!ihklan burada birer birer aklarrr,.<br />

yacaglm C,mku. DoçlUköl.I:'G~sselamÇiçek, m."<br />

sup olmad,è;'b,r a~'r<strong>et</strong>mse" olarak or<br />

tfHllrTllst. n~lh;'l ri::- •. , .... , Q'1.('! '.<br />

haklan olmasa gerek.<br />

~ir<strong>et</strong>ler tarihsel evrim<strong>de</strong> zorunlu t"<br />

a!iamaydllar. Kapitalizmin geli!imesiyl..<br />

birlikte asir<strong>et</strong> olgusu da çözülmeye yu;<br />

tuttu. Bu baklmdan geçmisle aynl as,.<br />

r<strong>et</strong> çatlsl altmda ver alan bireylerin ar<br />

Ilk dü~ünce<strong>de</strong> ve tawda bir baglmhh~.<br />

Ian pek kalmadl insan lopluluklannln t"<br />

klsmlnl tüm<strong>de</strong>n suçlamak veya ovmek<br />

bilimsel bakl!i açtlanyla bagdasmad,q,<br />

da ölen Necip A{la hâlA yaSlyormu~ sanllml~<br />

ve üstelik Mazgirt'in Klzllkale köyün<strong>de</strong>n<br />

oldu{lu seklin<strong>de</strong> yanhs bir ibare<br />

ver alml~tlr. Buna benzer onlarca hata<br />

vardlr.<br />

Öte yandan bir Tuncelilili olarak bugüne<br />

<strong>de</strong>k ah!itl{llmlz ~uçlamalarla karsllasmaktaYlz:<br />

"lsyankAr" ve<br />

"güvenilmez" gibi. .. Niçin güvenilmezmis<br />

Tuncelililer? Birinci Dünya Savasl'-<br />

nda kafileier halin<strong>de</strong> Erzincan'a ve Erzurum'a<br />

kadar ilerleyip buralan Çarhk<br />

Rusyasl'ndan temizleyip Dersim da{llartnl<br />

Çar ordulannln önün<strong>de</strong> çelik bir siper<br />

yapllklarl için mi güvenilmez? Harput<br />

valisi olan Kayseri'nin Feyzio{llu ailesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Ali Galip'in Sivas Kongresi'ni<br />

basmak için Dersim'e gelerek kendilerine<br />

yapll{ll bu teklifi geri çevirdikleri için<br />

m, güvenilmez? Kurtulus Savasl günlerin<strong>de</strong><br />

Mustafa Kemal ve arkada~lari Yuna"<br />

tehlikesi kar!ilslnda Ankara'dan geri<br />

çekilmeyi tasarladl{ll slrada ak sakahyla<br />

Meclis kürsüsüne çlklp,Efendiler! Biz<br />

buraya ölmeye mi geldik yoksa kaçmaya<br />

ml?' diven Diyap A{la'nln hemSehrileri<br />

olduklan için mi güvenilmez? 1974<br />

Klbns Sava!il'nda gazi olarak madalyalarla<br />

ödüllendirildikleri için mi güvenilmez?<br />

Buna benzer daha birçok örnek<br />

stralanabilir Oysa, Anadolu'nu.., mert.<br />

gibi, insani <strong>de</strong>gerlerle <strong>de</strong> uZlélsttrll


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•<br />

20-26/12/87<br />

200Q'E DOGRU'NUN<br />

SUÇ9<br />

TOPLATILMASI<br />

mporun sahibin<strong>de</strong><br />

Dev:<strong>et</strong> Güvenlik Mahkemesi, 2000e Dogru'nun 51. saYISlnln, "halkl, Irk ve böige farkhhgl göz<strong>et</strong>ilerek<br />

kin vs dü~manilga açlKça tahrik <strong>et</strong>tigi" iddiaslyla toplatilmasma karar verdi. Oysa söz konusu kapak<br />

haberi, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in Ylilardlr kendi görevlilerine daglttlgl raporun yaymmdan ibar<strong>et</strong>ti. Ve eger bir suç varsa<br />

bu, dogrudan dogruya <strong>de</strong>viate aitti.<br />

~ ~.?)}OOO'eDogru, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in Ylilardir<br />

:6.kel1'digbrevlilerine daglttlgl bir raparu<br />

yaYlmladl. Burada bir suç varsa,<br />

dogrudan dogruya <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e aittir.".Dargimizin<br />

51 saYls, hakkmda verilen toplatma<br />

karannl yaptlgl basin toplantlslnda<br />

DoQuPerinçek böyle protesto ediyordu.<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong> Güvenlik Mahkemesi, 2000'6<br />

Do~ru'nun 51. saYlsmda yaYlmlanan<br />

"Çok gizli raper - Deviat gözüyla hain va<br />

yanda!l a!lir<strong>et</strong>ler" ba!llikll kapak haberin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

"halkllrk va böige farkhllQIgöz<strong>et</strong>ile-<br />

. rek kin ve dü~manllQa açlkça tahrik<br />

<strong>et</strong>tiQi" iddiaslyla <strong>de</strong>rgi hakkmda sorU!lturma<br />

ba~latml!lve 5680 saYl1iBasm Yasasl'n1n<br />

Ek 1/2. mad<strong>de</strong>si geregince toplatllmasma<br />

karar verml~ti.<br />

15YIIönce hazlrlanan raporda, ne bir<br />

imza. ne bir damga var.<br />

DoQu Perinçek, basin toplantlsmcja<br />

"Kim hazlrladl bunu, emniy<strong>et</strong> mi, MIT<br />

mi, Özel Harp Dairesi mi? Asii suçlu bunu<br />

düzenleyandir" <strong>de</strong>di. 2000'6 Do~ru<br />

böyle bir suçu açlOaçlkanyordu. Sürekli<br />

iç ban,tan söz e<strong>de</strong>nler, iktidarlannlO<br />

ayakta kalmaslOl, a!lir<strong>et</strong>ler araslOdaki<br />

kan davalarlna dayandlrlyorlardl.<br />

"Güvenilmez" olan bir güç varsa, 0 da<br />

bu raporu hazlrlayan <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>ti.<br />

DoQu Parinçek aynca olaOan bir basin<br />

görevinin Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> kahramanhk haline<br />

g<strong>et</strong>irildiQini belirterek, tüm basin kurulu~lannl<br />

dayanl!lmaya çaQlrdl. 2000'6<br />

D~ru, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>ln önün<strong>de</strong> yalnlz b,rakllmamahydl.<br />

Ortak blr tavlr ahnsa, basms yOnelik<br />

bu tür baskllara da cesar<strong>et</strong> edilemezdi.<br />

0<br />

42<br />

~ M.hmut Alm./>: ~ Cumhur K.,kln


..<br />

DEVMl<br />

FIKRi SAC~R<br />

fSHP Gene! Sekr<strong>et</strong>erii<br />

I l ,<br />

"TBMM'<strong>de</strong> baslna baskllarl gün<strong>de</strong>me<br />

g<strong>et</strong>lreceglz"<br />

-,","' "'J<br />

~L.. ...... 1 Ur"<br />

';' ,.8" """ ..<br />

'''l''ul~malar<br />

.... ~ '""<br />

;18<br />

son<br />

basin lehdit edilmek iSIElniyor. San.<br />

aar <strong>de</strong>moklesln klilci glbi basln!n Ozerln.<br />

<strong>de</strong> sallanlyor. Haikin gözü ve kulaQI olan<br />

baslnln, gözü ve kulaQI tlkanmak isteni.<br />

YO~'2Eylül yön<strong>et</strong>iminin aldlQI ilk karar ba.<br />

sina baskl uygulanmasll1lmu$tur, 2OO0'e<br />

D~ru <strong>de</strong>rgisinin 10plalllmasl, bazI yaYln<br />

organlanna çok yüksek cezalar veriimesi<br />

y<strong>et</strong>mlyormu, glbl, gazele, <strong>de</strong>rgi fiyallan<br />

artlrllarak haikin gazele Y8 <strong>de</strong>rgi okuma.<br />

Il engellenmek lateniyor. Amaç larafslz,<br />

<strong>de</strong>mokrasiye Inanan, görev bilincin<strong>de</strong><br />

olan baslnln haberlerl yansllma olana.<br />

Oml yok elmektlr. Halkm ANAP"n bora.<br />

zan! olan TAT'ye mahkûm edilmesi, be.<br />

yirlerln YIKanm1l.Sldlr, Bu oyun yedi YII.<br />

dan beri oynanlyor. TBMM'<strong>de</strong> baSin Ozerin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

baskilRrI. sansürO ve Muzlr Yasasl'nl<br />

eie alan çall$malar yapacaOlz.<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> klrrlse gerçeklerln ortaya çlk.<br />

masml el"\Clpllevemez. Buna $Idd<strong>et</strong>le tep.<br />

K' gcslo(,yûruz Ozal'I uyanyorum.<br />

CUMHUR<br />

KESKiN<br />

(SHP HakkAri Mi/l<strong>et</strong>vekl!i)<br />

"Mecllse<br />

2 "'<br />

götüreceglz"<br />

:JUt!" cJvgll.J <strong>de</strong>lglsm<strong>de</strong> yaYlmlanml~<br />

olan belge, yuzklzartlel, ulanç vencl'<br />

dir. Bu belge, öle<strong>de</strong>n beri, ülkemizin belli<br />

bir kesimin<strong>de</strong> ya$ayan insanlara kar$1<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in lulumunu orlaya koymakladlr.<br />

Özellikle bazi a~ir<strong>et</strong>lere ka~1 <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in güven<br />

duymadlQln1 açlklamakladlr. Bu belgeyi<br />

haZiflayanlann resmen bölüeulük<br />

yapllklan açlk bir $ekil<strong>de</strong> ortaya çlkmak-<br />

tadlr. Bu bölge<strong>de</strong>ki insanlar hakklOda ta-<br />

,Inan önyargllan yansltmaktadlr. Bu yöreler<strong>de</strong><br />

ht.kim olan a,tr<strong>et</strong>ler yapls" dav.<br />

Ifli eliyle korun:Tl


YAVUZ<br />

(Gaz<strong>et</strong>eci)<br />

DONAT<br />

"Para cezasl, toplatma<br />

artlk çaglmlZda yok"<br />

, , zamla, para cezaslyla, toplatmayla<br />

baslnln terbiye edilmesi olaYI artlk<br />

ca{jlmlzda pek yok. ikincisi, dava açl-<br />

DEVAM labilir. 1970'e ait bir rapordan dolaYI ne<br />

kadar hesap sorulabilir bilmiyorum. Referandum<br />

sirasinda bazi gaz<strong>et</strong>eler toplatlldl,<br />

sonunda toplatmaya gerekçe gösterilen<br />

yazllar beraat <strong>et</strong>ti. 12 Eylül dönemin<strong>de</strong><br />

bazi gaz<strong>et</strong>eler kapatlldl, sonra kapalma<br />

ne<strong>de</strong>ni olan yaz!!ar takipsizlik karan<br />

aldl. Gaz<strong>et</strong>elerin u{jradl{jl zarar n&<br />

olacak peki?<br />

Misakl Milli slnlrlan için<strong>de</strong>ki büWn insanlann<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e baOhliOmdan ~Ophe <strong>et</strong>-<br />

'miyorum. Belli bölgeler<strong>de</strong>ki insanlan, ülke<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

geni~ kitleleri dü~man görmek<br />

çok yanll~. 0 bölgeler<strong>de</strong> slklyön<strong>et</strong>im çok<br />

uzadl. Devl<strong>et</strong> ve halk arasma saQukluk<br />

girdi. Bugün geçilen böige valiliQi sisteminin<br />

ve Hayri KozakçloOlu'nun uygula~<br />

maSlnln yararh oldu{junu dü~ünüyorum.<br />

Halkla <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>i bütünle~tirmeye yöneldigi<br />

için böyle söylüyorum. 0<br />

iSMAiL BE$iKÇi<br />

"Yurtta~hk haklanndan yararlanmak<br />

ko~ulabaglanlyor"<br />

Be~ikçi, Kürt, Kürtçe. gib1 sözcükleri kullanmanm <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in gizli örgütlerinin imtiyazI<br />

oIdugunu vurguluyor. Universite, basm \1'8 yat'gl kurumlan direktif9 uygun oIarak<br />

ge~i çarp1tTyor. 7âbii bu kurumlara <strong>de</strong>vi<strong>et</strong>in sargl göstermesi <strong>de</strong> säz kanusu alamaz.<br />

Be~ikç/, konunun en 6nemli insan haklafl sorunu oIdugu kamsmda.<br />

- Belgenin bütünü hakkmdaki dÜ$ünce/er/niz<br />

nelerdir?<br />

- Birinci alarak, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in gizli örgütleri<br />

Kürt, Kürtçe gibi sözcükleri gay<strong>et</strong> rahat kullanlyor.Gizli<br />

örgüt1erin"gizli" damgah raperlannda,<br />

güvenlik örgütlerinin kurullannda<br />

sorun görü~ülüyor. Fakat baslna, üniversiteye,<br />

mahkemelere YS. Kürt diye bilinen bir<br />

mill<strong>et</strong>in, Kürtçe olarak isimlendirilen bir dilin<br />

mevcut olmadl{jlnln propagandaslnln<br />

yapllmasl söyleniyor. Sözü edilen bu kurumlar<br />

da bu tür propagandaYI gönüllü olarak<br />

yaplyorlar. Propagandaya esas .te~kil<br />

e<strong>de</strong>cek bilgileri, yani resmi i<strong>de</strong>olojiyi zamana<br />

ve mekâna uyarak tekrartekrar ür<strong>et</strong>iyorlar,<br />

yaYlyorlar. Sanki Kürt, Kürtçe gibi sözcükleri<br />

kullanmak, sa<strong>de</strong>ce <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>in gizli örgütlerinin<br />

imtiyazlndadlr.<br />

DiREKTiFLE<br />

ÜRETiLEN PROPAGANDA<br />

ikinci alarak, <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>, Kürtlerin, Kürtçenin<br />

var11{jlnlbiliyor.Fakat, üniversiteye, profe5Ör.<br />

lere Kürtlerin, Kürtçenin olmadl{jlnl vurgu.<br />

layan yazllar yazln diyor.Onlar da bu direktiflere<br />

uygun yazllar yazlyorlar. "Kürtier<br />

Türktür, Kürtçe Türkçenin bir ~ivesidir" diyorlar.<br />

"En bllimsel bilgi budur" diyortar.<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>,mahkemelere Kürt diye bir mill<strong>et</strong>in<br />

olmadlal konusunda karar verdlrtiyor. Mah.<br />

kemeler bu direktife uyuyorfar. Kürtler<strong>de</strong>n<br />

söz e<strong>de</strong>nlerl, "KOrdOm" diyenlerl cezalan.<br />

dlnyorlar. Basln,<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> taraflndan kendilerine<br />

verlIen bu direktife rlaye! ediyor. Böyle<br />

kurumlann <strong>de</strong>vte! ka~ISlndasayglnhOI olur<br />

mu? Devl<strong>et</strong>, her direktifine ev<strong>et</strong> diyen, en<br />

ufak blr dlrenç göstermeyen bu kurumlara<br />

saygl duyar ml? Bu kurumlara IstediOi<br />

zaman IstedlOI blçlmi vermez mi?<br />

"ÖZ BENLI~INI<br />

INKÂR ETTIKTEN SON RA"<br />

ÜçLJncLJsLJ, belge<strong>de</strong>, "<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>e yararh",<br />

"<strong>de</strong>vle! lçln zararh", "yurdumuza 'bagh",<br />

"yurdumuza baOh görOnOyor", "güvenilmez.....<br />

glbl kategoriler var. Devlel,<br />

"KürdOm' ,dlyenlerl, Kürt ulusal ve <strong>de</strong>mok.<br />

ratlk haklarlnl savunanlarl, KürtlüOün<strong>de</strong>n<br />

vazgeçmeyenlerl "<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> lçln zararll",<br />

"güvenilmez" gibi slnlflandlrmalar allinda<br />

eie ahyor. Siyasal haklanndan, kamu hiz.<br />

m<strong>et</strong>Ierin<strong>de</strong>n, ekonomik ve sosyal haklardan,<br />

kamu özgürlüklerin<strong>de</strong>n yararlanma<br />

hep bu slnlflandlrmalara ba{jh olarak gerçekle~iyor.<br />

Kürtlügünü, yani öz benligini inkâr<br />

e<strong>de</strong>n, TürkJ~n her ~eyolabilir. i~i, ëgrenci,<br />

ëgr<strong>et</strong>men, yarglç, vali, mill<strong>et</strong>vekili, asker,<br />

bakan, profe5Ör,i~daml. sporcu ... Her<br />

~y. "Türküm mutluyum" diyorsanlz, islediginiz<br />

kadar "kredi alabilirsiniz, istediginiz<br />

kadar yurtdl~Jnaçlkabilirsiniz,istediginiz kadar<br />

ithalat-ihracat yapabilirsiniz. Fakat<br />

"Kürdüm" diyenlerin, kürtlügün<strong>de</strong>n vazgeçmeyenlerin,<br />

Kürt haklannl savunanlann<br />

olabilecekleri tek ~ey vardlr: Sanlk, mah.<br />

kûm. Bu, Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> insan haklan konusunun<br />

en önemli sorunlanndan biridir. insan<br />

haklanndan yararlanmak, bir ulusun öz<br />

benligini inkâr ~uluna baOlanabilir mi? Öz<br />

benligini inkâr <strong>et</strong>tikteh sonra geriye birtakln1<br />

hak ve özgürlerin sahibi "ki~i' kahr ml? Ör.<br />

nagin bir ki~iye istediOin gaz<strong>et</strong>eyi okuyabi.<br />

Iirsin, amaönceTürk 01, Türkçeëgren, Kürt<br />

olmaktan vazgeç ... Çünkü gaze!eler aneak<br />

Türkçe yaYlmlanabilir, <strong>de</strong>nilebilir mi? Türkiye'<strong>de</strong><br />

üniversite gibi resmi kurumlarda bulunan<br />

insan heklan <strong>de</strong>rnekleri bu tür sorunlar1aku~kusuz<br />

i1gilenmeyeceklerdir. Devte!<br />

direktifleri uyannca sorunu gërmez<strong>de</strong>n geleceklerdir.<br />

Onlar, Bulgaristan'daki Türklerin<br />

haklan, Bat! Trakya'daki Türklerin haklan<br />

vb. söz konusu olunca co~caklar, Kürtlerin<br />

haklan söz konusu olunca susacaklardlr.<br />

Ancak resmi olmayan ki~i1ertaraflndan ku.<br />

rulan insan haklan <strong>de</strong>rneklerinin uQra~a.<br />

caklarl en önemli sorunlardan biri bu olacaktlr.isteseler<br />

<strong>de</strong> istemeseler <strong>de</strong> bu sorun<br />

kendini dayatml~tlr.<br />

BÖL VE VÖNET FELAKETi<br />

Oördüncü a/arak. belge<strong>de</strong> "hl~lmllk ve<br />

arazi yüzün<strong>de</strong>n Suriye i1ei1i~kilerivar", "~ir<strong>et</strong><br />

Irak'tan gel~e", "Irak'taki aynl a~ir<strong>et</strong> ile<br />

i1i~klleri var", "Iran'da aynl a~ir<strong>et</strong>in kollan<br />

var" ... gibi açlklamalar var. Bunlar, bir ulu.<br />

sun bölündüOünü ve parçalandlOIr)1gösteren<br />

ifa<strong>de</strong>ler olarak <strong>de</strong>Oerlendirilebilir.<br />

Böl.yönel polilikasl elb<strong>et</strong>te emperyaliz.<br />

~ ISMA/L BE$IKÇI<br />

min politikasidir. Fakat, bölünen va parçalanan<br />

kimdir? Böl-yän<strong>et</strong> politikasi ne zaman<br />

dü~ünülmü~, nasli gerçekl~irilm~ir? Ulus<br />

ne gibi zaaflargöstermi~ir ki böyle bir poli.<br />

tika",n he<strong>de</strong>fi olmu~? Bu uygulama",n ne<br />

gibfsonuçlan olmu~? .. lIS.<br />

Ve... böl-yän<strong>et</strong> politikasl",n he<strong>de</strong>fi olmal


..<br />

DEVAU<br />

Bla VAII<br />

Gerçek~kl<br />

Kimileri gerçege küstü dbe, gerçek kahredip<br />

kendi hayatml klyml~ <strong>de</strong>gil. Gerçegi umursamayanlar,<br />

ashnda gerçegi <strong>de</strong>gi~tirme ~ansml<br />

kendilerine tammaml~ oluyorlar. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />

Türki~'e'<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>i, orduyu, burjU\'llliyi, bütün<br />

toplumsal slDlflarl ve i1ijkileri tahlil <strong>et</strong>meksi.<br />

lin, sürekli kendisini öne sürerek yapllan sol.<br />

culugu sorgulamak gerekir. Gerçek a~kl, ge.<br />

ni~ kitlelerle birle~menin ve gelecege Ulanan<br />

~'olu açmamn felsefi kaynagldlr.<br />

erçegi aramak vc !>a-<br />

Gvunmak, felsefi anlamda<br />

materyalistin<br />

en <strong>de</strong>rin tutkusudur.<br />

o ne<strong>de</strong>nle sevgi sözcügü y<strong>et</strong>miyor,<br />

"a~k It <strong>de</strong>mek gerekiyor.<br />

Eski<strong>de</strong>n "hakikat a~kllt <strong>de</strong>niyordu,<br />

çok dolu, çok yüklü hir<br />

anlaml var.<br />

Devl<strong>et</strong>in A~ir<strong>et</strong>ler Raporu<br />

bir gerçekti, ama <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> hem<br />

kendi gerçeginin, hem toplum<br />

gerçeginin bilinmesini istemiyor.<br />

Yalmz günün gerçegini <strong>de</strong>gil,<br />

tarihi gerçekleri <strong>de</strong> sevmivor<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>. Atatürk 'ün Kürt Sorununa i1i~kin belgeieri<br />

yaymlanmea, polisi, savel YI, yarglYI harek<strong>et</strong>e geçirmi~lerdi,<br />

Ama gerçek, gene yerli yerin<strong>de</strong> duruyor.<br />

Ycnilige kar~1 olan, gerçeklerle sava~mak durumunda,<br />

Çünkü en büyük gerçek, <strong>de</strong>gi~medir, yenile~medir.<br />

"Bir Irmakta iki kez Ylkanmak" isteyenlerin gerçege<br />

kar~1 bu tavlrlan anla~lhyor. Ama aSI\ dü~ün.<br />

dürüeü alan, solculann gerçekler<strong>de</strong>n rahatslz olmaland<br />

Ir. Gerçek a~kmdan yoksunluk, bizim solculanmlzm<br />

en göze çarpan zaafldlr. Bir sosyalist <strong>de</strong>rgiyi<br />

gösterdiler geçen<strong>de</strong>. 12 Eylül'ün g<strong>et</strong>irdigi dagltlml<br />

durdurma önleminin ilk kez 2()()()'eDogru 'ya uygulanmasmdan<br />

soma çlkan saYlSlydl. 0 ay basma<br />

yapllan baskllan da yazml~, ama 2000'e Dogru 'ya<br />

daha baslmevin<strong>de</strong>yken el konmasl yak. Sosyalistimiz,<br />

begenmedigi gerçegi atlayarak politika yaptlgml dü-<br />

~Ü\1üyor. Ne var ki, onlar gerçege küstü diye gerçek<br />

kahredip kendi hayatma klyml~ <strong>de</strong>gil. Ba~ka örnek-<br />

Ieri <strong>de</strong> var. Solcu oldugu anla~llan kimi okuyucular:ml7dan<br />

zaman zaman mektuplar ahyoruz. 1s<br />

adamlanyla, generallerle, tutucu politikacllarla ilgili<br />

hd.berlcr<strong>de</strong>n tedirgin olduklan anla~lhyor. 'Bize ne<br />

onlann hayatmdan, bize ne düzenin kurumlanndan;<br />

bll~ i~çilerin nasii sömürüldügünü, çekilen aCllan yalin'<br />

divorlar.Ku~kusuz sömürü ve baskl da, ülkemi-<br />

Lin bi~ gerçegi ve bu <strong>de</strong>rgi projektörlerini özellikle<br />

1O(11umun büyük çogunlugunu ilgilendiren ve üzeri<br />

hrtllimek istenen olaylann ülerine tutuyor. Ama solun<br />

en buyük ihtiyael, kendi gerçcgini ~inelemek <strong>de</strong>.<br />

gil, fakat bütünüyle Türkiye ve dünya gerçegini bilrncktir.<br />

YalOlz kendi gerçegiyle ilgilenmek, toplumun<br />

diger slIllflanmn ve kurumlannln gerçeklerine Slrt<br />

çcvirmek, ashnda geleœgi olmayan slmflarm tavndir.<br />

Bugün hayat, ken'Ciisini topllllllia birlikte kunara(a\...<br />

alan, en geni~ yurekli smtra ~elcœk vaat ediyor.<br />

DünyaYI <strong>de</strong>gi~tirmek isteyenkr. her ~ey<strong>de</strong>n önce<br />

0 <strong>de</strong>gi~tirrnek iSlcdikleri dLinyay'l bilmek dururnundadlrlar.<br />

Degi~tirrnel" mii(a<strong>de</strong>ksi <strong>de</strong>, gerçekler<br />

DOGU<br />

PERiNÇEK<br />

I.clllinindc yapIlIyor. DUnya biz<br />

istedigimil için <strong>de</strong>gil, bili ku-<br />

~atan ili~kiler clvcrdigi için <strong>de</strong>gi~iyor.<br />

im.amn katklsl ise, gerçeklcr<br />

zeminin<strong>de</strong> bir roi oynu~<br />

yor. Gerçegi umursamayanlar,<br />

ashnda gerçegi èe~i~ti:r:.e $~m.<br />

sim kendilerine tumr.:l~ml$ oluyorlar.<br />

Bu nc<strong>de</strong>ll:e 'ftrldye'<strong>de</strong><br />

dcvlcti, orè ... :yu, lwr:uïaziyi,<br />

butün toplums?l ~nmfhn ve<br />

ili~kileri tahlil e:œekr,i:z1n, sUrekli<br />

kendisini Or:e sürerek yapllan<br />

<strong>de</strong>vrirnc!!iAi sorgulamak<br />

gerekir.<br />

hl,:ilcr ve köy emckçilcri nasii s~mt~rUldüklerini,<br />

nasii ezildiklerini merak <strong>et</strong>miyorlsr, çünkU bunlan<br />

ya~lyorlar vc biliyorlar. SosyaHzrr.i, bir sömürU ve<br />

baskl e<strong>de</strong>biyalma indirgeyenler<strong>de</strong>, b:r ~$çit~Vrl1ldall<br />

çok, kârh bir yatmm alam bulmu~ i'.Ç'kgöz giri~imdnin<br />

ruhunu görmek mUmkUndUr.<br />

Son Ylllarda Sol, çok kendine dönmO$, çok ben.<br />

cille~mi~tir. 1stanbul'da iki hafta önce ynpilan "Ge.<br />

nel Ar ve ldam Cezalanna HaYlr" yO.!':lyü~ü ve mi.<br />

tingi, sola kendi gerçegini gör,nesi için bir ayna tut.<br />

tu. 0 aynaya yanslyan yüz<strong>de</strong>, iç~ kap:l::lk ve benmer.<br />

kezci bir ruh halinin çizgilerini ckuya::lar olrnu$tur<br />

herhal<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Bir felsefe sorunudur bu. Sol, topLmun önUne sürekli<br />

kendini koyarak, sürekli kendi sorunlanm dayatarak<br />

geleceAin yolunu açamaz. Top!umun ,gerçek.<br />

lerin<strong>de</strong>n kopmak, kaçmllmaz oi:uak g:mi$ kitlelerin<br />

sorunlanndan ve taleplerill<strong>de</strong>n kopma:< anlarnma da<br />

geHyor. Oahasl, Soldaki içine kap ..mmn, yer yer yalmz<br />

kendi küçük grubunun gerçe~il1e h


mahdir.<br />

Ile<br />

La~in<br />

Talabani:<br />

kararhhk,<br />

biz<br />

banel<br />

b:t'hI111I1n<br />

Ortado-'<br />

n~lmlenmz<br />

Bunu<br />

, Talabani:<br />

gem~<br />

ise<br />

oo~<br />

°neKta<br />

6.12.87<br />

SÖYlE~i I CElAl TAlABANi<br />

•<br />

yaslndan uzak olu~turulmahdlr. <strong>de</strong> birle~tirmek istiyoruz. tnanclm<br />

d- Böige halklannln tereih hak- 0 ki, eephe ayaklan üstüne basa-.<br />

tarIna saygl gösterilmelidir. eaktlr. Çünkü bunun hem olanak-<br />

Kürtlerin konumuna gelince: lan, hem <strong>de</strong> zorunlulugu vardlr.<br />

önemli bir halktJr 0 :'IIokta: Ulusal Kongre'yi savun-<br />

ABD, Il KürtIer<br />

M gu'null omurgasl olan Kürdistan'- d.u~unu~ ~i1in~!or. ~u ko~udaki gi-<br />

K e e I · Kürdistan<br />

III st.atejik önemiyse çok büyüktlir 0 bolge ulkelen taraflOp<strong>et</strong>rolü,<br />

ma<strong>de</strong>ni, enerji dan engellenmiyor mu?<br />

ür<strong>et</strong>imin<strong>de</strong>ki ze.ngin su kaynaklarI Talabani: Biz ~u a~amada "Uluve<br />

tanmlyla, kendi kendisine y<strong>et</strong>e- sai Kongre" için görü~me ve koor-'<br />

urt erln<br />

• • • bilecek büylik bir potansiycl giJÇ-1 dinasyonun gcrekliligini savunuyo-<br />

t miylc Kürt sorunu, "UluslarIn, engeller böige <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>lerinin yamn-<br />

tür. Bu niteligiylc yc büyük öne-I ruz. Ev<strong>et</strong>, engeller vardlr. Ama bu<br />

sempa ISlnl<br />

Kendi Ka<strong>de</strong>rini Tayin Hakkl" çer-\ da ve bunlardan önce kimi Kürtlertopla.<br />

maya ve kahel bir bam gerçekle~tirile-: <strong>de</strong>rliklerinin dü~üneeleri yereldir,<br />

çevesin<strong>de</strong> çözelme<strong>de</strong>n, bölge<strong>de</strong> adil <strong>de</strong>n kaynaklamyor. BaZI Kürt ön<br />

mez, : otar~iktir. Onlar bu tür bir giri~imca<br />

geçmi~inize bakt.gimlzda, ilginç bir: dlrmaktan korkuyorlar,<br />

ISlyor grafikle kar~lla~lyo:l:Z. tni~ ve Çl- Nokta: Cephe bildirgesin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

I<br />

Il Nokta: Si}'asal bir li<strong>de</strong>r olarak, Ie, ili~ki<strong>de</strong> olduklan <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>leri kJ7.-<br />

# #, Ikl~lardan olu~an bir grafik. Yenil-: Kürtler üzerin<strong>de</strong> oynanan uluslar-<br />

Celai Talabani, Irak y~n<strong>et</strong>imine, Bizim sloganlnlli "Ya zafer ya giler, ba~anlar ve ilginç g~rü~~e-' arasl komplolardan söz ediliyor.<br />

kar$l uzun Yllillrd" siÜlhhmüœ<strong>de</strong>le ölüm"dür, "Ya Kürdistan ya da 11ervar bu ya~amlmzda ... OrneglO, 0 biraz somutla~tlrlr mlslOlz?<br />

yürüten Kürt li<strong>de</strong>rlerin<strong>de</strong>n biri'löliJm"dür. Biz <strong>de</strong>digimizi yapa. '1983 sonlannda Saddam Hüsey!n'- 0 Kürt kurtulu~ hareke-<br />

/964 Yllmda Molla Mustafa Barza- rIZ" ole masaya oturuyor, antla~ma Im- , tln<strong>de</strong> uluslararasl komplolar çokni<br />

ileyollan aynilln Talabani, uzun Nokta.: ~rt~~o~u'da ~ü,~t ~oru-zahyor, çok sürme<strong>de</strong>~ <strong>de</strong> bu.antl~-I tur. Seyk!s-Blko komplosu, Siver,<br />

)'Illar sesini duyuramlyor ve ger; nunun çozumu IÇIOne du~unuyor- 'may. bozarak sava~ Ilan edlyorsu-, l, Dünya Sa Ya~l somas! imzalanan<br />

planda kailyordu. 1975 yen;lgls; sunuz? :nuz. Siz geçmi~iniz<strong>de</strong> çizdiginiz bu 'Lozan Antla~masJ. Daha soma<br />

Talaban;'ye yen; bir kapl açacak, Talabani: Kürt sorununun radi-<br />

I<br />

itabloyu nastl <strong>de</strong>gerlendiriyorsunuz?: Kürdistan'm bölünme komplosu.<br />

Kürdlstan Yurtsever Birlili'ni ku- kaI çözümü için görü~ümüz ve 0 Kesintisiz <strong>de</strong>vrimei s~": Halla Sadabat vc Irak- Türkiye itrup<br />

genel sekr<strong>et</strong>er olllrak ba$ma ge- inanelmlz Kürt ulusu için kendi ka-lva~lmdan ve müea<strong>de</strong>le alanlIIm gl- ' tifakl, Ingilterc ve ABD'nin ~ah'-<br />

fecek ve yükseli$; bu tarihten son- <strong>de</strong>rini özgüree tayin hakkldlr. Bu, rift zorluklanndan uzak olanlar, si-: la anla~arak Mehabat Kürt Cumra<br />

ba$1ayacaktl. sorunun çözümünün geleeegi isc, yasal çoeukluk hastahklanndan, huriy<strong>et</strong>i'nin 46'larda Ylkllma~l. Ve<br />

80'1iYlliarda ;se Talabani, artlk ülkemizin kurtulu~udur. Ulusumu- ! malullükleriyle gerçegi kavrayaml- ' son olarak Cezayir Antla~masl bu<br />

bölgenin ve Kürtlerin en <strong>et</strong>kin li<strong>de</strong>ri zun kendi ka<strong>de</strong>rini tayin hakkml! yorlar. Görü~meler, <strong>de</strong>vrimei mü- komplolara örnek verilebilinir.<br />

olmu$tu. Yaptlll hereylem, verdi- gerçckle~tirebilmesi, süregen klhn- ea<strong>de</strong>lenin bir parçasldlrlar. Devrim- :\okta: Ortadogu'da tran tslam<br />

Ii her <strong>de</strong>meç dünya basln' tarafln- mas! gereken halkçl müea<strong>de</strong>lemizin ei müea<strong>de</strong>lenin soluklana~~k yeni- ' Devrimi'n<strong>de</strong>n sonra islam'a büyük<br />

dan ilgiyle kar$llanacak, <strong>et</strong>kinlili zorlu yolundaki engelleri a~abilme- ,lendigi momentierdir. Ornegin" bir yöneli~ oldllgu ileri sürülü}'or.<br />

<strong>de</strong> her geçen gün bira:. daha arta- siylc mümkündür. Zafer içinse, Çin'<strong>de</strong>, Vi<strong>et</strong>nam'da, Cezayir'<strong>de</strong> ve Siz bu konuda ne dü~ünüyorsunuz'!<br />

eaktl. Zekâsl ve pragmatik politik halklmlzm müea<strong>de</strong>lesin<strong>de</strong>n ba~ka- ~u günler<strong>de</strong> EI Salvador'daki kur- Talab~lßi: Ben ,bu görü~e k~tllml:<br />

ki$ilili)'le öteki Kürt li<strong>de</strong>rleri ara- ,ca bir çözüm yoktur. Bu, toplum- tulu~ müeadclesini yürüten güçle- yor~m. 1~1~'m msan~!k üzenn<strong>de</strong>kl<br />

smda sivrilen Taillbani, Kerkük, sai geli~menin zorunlu oldugu ilke- rin, geriei diktatörlüklerle görü~me- 0 <strong>et</strong>klsl, on,un ulv! yapl~mdan:<br />

Süleyman;ye Erbil ve Musul gibi seI yasadlr. leri gibi .. , dir. Islam, ona Iman e<strong>de</strong>nlen, ken,dl<br />

önemli $eh;rlerin fevresini elin<strong>de</strong> Nokta: Büyük <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>lerill Klirt- Kürdistan <strong>de</strong>vrim tarihi tamktlr: '~oruyuculugu altma ahr ve yön<strong>et</strong>lr.<br />

tutuyor. Celai Talabani, kendls;y- leri kullandlklan ilui sürülüyor. Bu müea<strong>de</strong>le çe~itli evrelerini ~te ~and~n, ,Islam halklannm gele<br />

görü$en Nokta muhabirinin so- Gerçekten KürtIer kullamhyor mu? 1962'<strong>de</strong>n beri silahh ve silahSlZ kat- nl~ blr keslml mazlum ve mahr~mrularml<br />

yamtilldl. Talabani: Bugün büyük <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>lcr <strong>et</strong>mi~tir. dur. Onlar z,ulüm ve n:ahru.m,ly<strong>et</strong><br />

Nokta: tran-Irak arasmda <strong>de</strong>vam Kürt sorununa gerekli önemi ver- Rica e<strong>de</strong>rim ammsaVIn!Z, 1963'te kar~lsmda, slyas~1 partl v~ flk!rlee<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sav~m gelecegini nasll görü- rniyorl:u ki, onu nia nasli oynaSIn' ben rahm<strong>et</strong>li Barzani'nin ve parti rin, onlara gerekh alternatlren s~yorsunuz?<br />

Siz hangl olastll~lara ~ö- lar 0 geçmi~te ABD, v~ in~;i- pOliibürosunun (ki ben <strong>de</strong> 0 za- ~~ma~alan, onlan tekrar sIam a:<br />

re hazIrlaOlyorsunuz? Örneem, l':rc, Kurt sorununda çe~lth oyur.- manlar üyesivdim) emri ve 1963 ~oneltIYor.<br />

1975 Cezayir Antla~masl gibi bir lar ovnaml~tl. Gelecckte <strong>de</strong> bun,] Martl'nda Ku~'sancak Konferansl'- Halklann istemi özgtir, <strong>de</strong>mokdurum<br />

söz konusu olursa ne yapar- h,lZIrlamyorlar: Fa~a~ ?U oyu~l:n nm onaYlyla, ;ubat cunta hüklime- ratik ve mutlu bir ya~amdlr. Bu taslmz?<br />

~ gcleœktc geçnll~tekl glbJ tekrar-:Cl:l- tiyle yürütülen görü~mcler<strong>de</strong> Kürt lebin gerçekle~mesi ve buna uygun<br />

Talabam: Irak'm Islam Cumhu- maya;;aktlr. Yeni oyun, Kün h


•<br />

, DEVAM<br />

n, tllal-. Pa1l1si'nin yayllmaclh~lna<br />

karSI birlikten ~eçiyor. Do~al ve<br />

mantlkh olan karslllkh yardlmlasma<br />

ve ortak düsmana karSl çlkmaktlr.<br />

Inanclm 0 ki, bu ittifak Çlkarlanmlz<br />

do~rultusundadlr. Bu ittifakl<br />

ortak zaferimiz gerçekleSlirilene<br />

kadar, anlaStI~lmlz çerçeve<strong>de</strong><br />

nan bir ihtilalciyim. Sosyalizm Ise<br />

özün<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mokratik ça~dashklir.<br />

Nokta: Gorbaçov'un Glasnost po.<br />

litikasl konusunda ne düsünüyorsu.<br />

nuz?<br />

Talabani: Bana gore, yoldt1S<br />

Gorbaçov'un "Açlkhk" politikasl<br />

SSCB'nin gelisimin<strong>de</strong> gerçekçi ve<br />

zornnludur. Sovy<strong>et</strong> t oplumullun<br />

he<strong>de</strong>flerinin gerçeklcSlI.ilmesi, toplumun<br />

ilcrlemcsi ve ulusiararasi ban.;<br />

için bu politika gcreklidlr. Umucl\lrn<br />

bu harcl.Clin Kurt ilalkmlll<br />

"llrtulu~ mut:adck,int: Im.öill kay-<br />

ILlgl olmasldlr.<br />

Nokta: Kadm haklarl konusun-<br />

da düsüncelerinizi ögrenehlflr "li.<br />

ylm?<br />

Talabanl: Kadmlann erkekler<br />

karSlsmdaki turn haklarlm vermek<br />

ve esitHAini tammak gerekir . Bu<br />

gerçeklestirilirken <strong>de</strong>, kadmm kur.<br />

tulusu, esitliAi ve haklan


DEVAH<br />

A~ir<strong>et</strong> Lireyleri bölgeyi öylesine<br />

iyi taruyorlardl ki, güvenlik kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerinin<br />

aramalan hiçbir<br />

sonuç vermedi.<br />

t~te tam bu S1Tada<br />

<strong>de</strong>Heye Hürriy<strong>et</strong> gaz<strong>et</strong>esinin<br />

Gi.meydogu<br />

temsilcisi Aziz Korkmaz<br />

girmi~, kaçaklarla<br />

temas kurmaYI<br />

basarrru~tJ. Bu kadar<br />

da <strong>de</strong>gil. Gaz<strong>et</strong>eci<br />

Korkmaz, günlerce<br />

süren temaslardan<br />

soma kaçaklardan<br />

bir klSml!11teslim 01-<br />

ma konusunda da<br />

ikna <strong>et</strong>mi~, ilk parti<strong>de</strong><br />

iki ki~i, Mehm<strong>et</strong><br />

Yüce ile Mahmut<br />

Adlyaman 7.<br />

"I. KO?Jl:çlOClu Ordu Kurmay Ba~kam<br />

il-: \IIT Böl~e<br />

Î'~om .•am'nm ellerini OP'?I':\:tcsli:11<br />

olmu~lardl<br />

Bundan sonraki ;!cli):n<strong>de</strong>r pd. i.;<br />

açlC\ (jegildi. Öncc (Jdzcteci Korkmaz<br />

saibeli bir trafik bZaSllla kurban<br />

gitmi~, ard.ndan da olaylan<br />

ba~latan Cumhul i~Cl Sa\ CISl Abdurrahman<br />

Cadur, ,'dn güvenligi<br />

olmadlgl gerekçesiyle gön<strong>de</strong>rildigi<br />

Gemerek'te meçhul ki~iier tarafllldan<br />

kur~un ya~muruna tutularak<br />

ölduri.llmu~lü, l!stelik, birinci olayda<br />

Korkmaz'l la~I\'ar. 010ITI'.>bii<br />

Mire aitti ve I


•<br />

29.11.87 /5.12.87<br />

Güneydogu'da daglan korku bekliyor<br />

Koruculuk kâbus a/du<br />

Zorla korucu yapllmak istenen bazI köylüler va<br />

baskl altmdaki muhtarlar köylerinl terkedlyor<br />

"Burada yasamak isteyen insanlann<br />

ilk önce içlerine sinmis olan<br />

korkuyu yenmeleri gerek. Yoksa yasamak<br />

mümkün <strong>de</strong>~il." Mardin'e<br />

ba~h Gereüs ilçesinin eski Belediye<br />

Baskam Adnan Ekmen, yalmz kendi<br />

ilçesi için <strong>de</strong>~il tUrn GUneydo~u için<br />

bu tammlamaYI yaplY0r. Gerçekten.<br />

<strong>de</strong> yöre<strong>de</strong> "korku" elle tutulabi1iyor.<br />

Mardin çevresi. fiili soka~a çlkma ya.<br />

saklan, bir yerlesim<strong>de</strong>n ötekine konvoyla<br />

gidilmesi, korueuluk için köylülere<br />

yapllan baskllarla hunun en<br />

eanh örneklerini veriyor.<br />

Muhtarslz<br />

köyler<br />

Yolüstü Karakol Komutam Basçavus<br />

Orhan, bütün köylüleri meydana<br />

toplamlS, sunlan söylemisti: "Ya bu<br />

silahlan alaeakSInIZ ya da buradan çekip<br />

gi<strong>de</strong>eeksiniz. Yoksa siti yasatmam."<br />

Mardin'in pek çok ilçesin<strong>de</strong>,<br />

zorla korueu yaptldl~lru ya da yapllmak<br />

istendi~ini söyleyenlere rastlamak<br />

mümkün. Aym ne<strong>de</strong>nle, Mardin'in<br />

köylerinin birço~unda $U anda<br />

muhtar yok. Çünkü, jandarmalann<br />

korueu bulmak için ilk zorladl~1<br />

kisiler muhtarlar. Bu baskllardan YIhp<br />

köyü ilk terke<strong>de</strong>nler <strong>de</strong> yine onlar.<br />

Midyat'ta müteahhitlik yapan<br />

Faruk Midyat, "Ben Gereüs'te, bir<br />

partinin ilçe baskam olan akrabamm<br />

evin<strong>de</strong> kahyordum. Geee D. köyünUn<br />

muhtan gelip evin sahibine SlglOdl.<br />

•Askerler köy<strong>de</strong> korueu olaeakslmz<br />

diye slklstmyorlar korkuyorum' <strong>de</strong>di.<br />

Yani oluyor böyle seyler" diye anlauyor.<br />

Gi<strong>de</strong>meyenler ya korueulugu<br />

Kabul edlyor ya da Avukat ~ehmuz<br />

Miroglu'nun soyledigi gibi, "Çesitli<br />

bahanelerle köye operasyon yapan askerlerin<br />

hakar<strong>et</strong>lerine ve dayaklanna<br />

katlanmak zorunda kahyor."<br />

Anlaulanlann ara~unlmasl için<br />

köylere gidilmeye kalklldlgmda, ilk<br />

engel olarak pek çok köye askerlerin<br />

yerlesmis oimasi karsmlza çlktyor. Bu<br />

köylere girilemiyor. Askerler gittikleri<br />

köyler<strong>de</strong> okulIara yerlesiyorlar. Köy<strong>de</strong><br />

bulunduklan süre için<strong>de</strong>. fiilen. !lece<br />

sokaga çlkma yasagl uygulaOlyor.<br />

Bunun en çarpt<strong>et</strong> örne~ Dereiçi köyün<strong>de</strong><br />

yasananlar. Hayvanelltk yapan<br />

köylüler, aksam topladtklan sürü<strong>de</strong>n<br />

eksik olan hayvanlan aramaya çlkamadlklan<br />

için, birçok koyunun kurtlara<br />

yem olmaktan kurtulamadlgml<br />

anlauyorlar .. Ömerli ilçesinin köylerin<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> hava karardtktan soma ula.<br />

Stmm durdu~u ve kimsenin bu köylere<br />

gidip gelemedi~i anlauhyor.<br />

Askerlerin bulunmad1~1 baZI köylere,<br />

yol kesmeler, aramalar, kimlik<br />

kontrollerin<strong>de</strong>n soma gitmeyi basardtglmzda,<br />

köylülerin merakh ve korkulu<br />

gözleri sizi karSlhyor. Köye bir<br />

yabanelrun gelmesi, çok zaman ardmdan<br />

bir dizi sorunun gelmesi anlamlna<br />

geliyor. Bu yüz<strong>de</strong>n çocuklara, tammadtklan<br />

k.imselerle konusmama-<br />

Ian ~11,1 Slkl tcmbih ediliyor. Çünkü,<br />

her an "teröristlere yard lm <strong>et</strong>tikleri"<br />

suçlamaslyla karSI karSlya kalabilir-<br />

1er. Ihharelhgm had safha\'a \'ardl~1<br />

bir ortamda bu korkulann~ hak ve~memek<br />

mümkün <strong>de</strong>gil. Nusaybin'<strong>de</strong>n<br />

H., "Asker birini ('\'in<strong>de</strong>n alaeagl zaman,<br />

kaplYI aYIlI köy<strong>de</strong>n hir baska ki-<br />

~iye çaldmyor. Böylece ihbarelhl,<br />

süphöi h('~IeOlYW" dive anlatlvw<br />

Kö~'lerdrn~öç<br />

Ha\ a karardlktan 'Olua girdigimi7<br />

köydc ill, I,orklllll kar~llamadan ,onra<br />

hir e\'e misafir cdiliyoruz. çogll<br />

köy i-.orucusu olan hir toplulukla. hazen<br />

~aOlmlzdakilerin Kürtçe tercüme-<br />

Irrin" ha~\ III,11.1" ,,,hhctc ha ..hvnrul<br />

(,l'n\' hn ",\\ ~'"I1(II,"1 ,Illlatl\'or<br />

""o\i1n lek Ira"I'H 'IIrllciI ..uYIlI11.<br />

"mllclI nlmarna" irin hir a\ kaçlll11.<br />

I\"\l' !!elmcdilll. rraktoritn hir ~uru<br />

horlll \ ar. (ah'nla?~am na ..Ii Il<strong>de</strong>llccek'.'<br />

S('nllllda medll1l kaldlm i-.oru-<br />

ClI oldllm !lana so hin lira lIlaa~ \eriyollar.<br />

hen ,nInie I~O bill lIra oduynrUI11..<br />

Bir digcrl ,lnlalI\Il': "Kol11utana<br />

<strong>de</strong>di" ki. hll fakir adamlI. '01-<br />

lah nalllll,tur. hi? <strong>de</strong>gIi ko~u, \erdiginil<br />

bu ,ilahl bile koruvaca" dumlllda<br />

<strong>de</strong>gili?, Ama dinlemedi,"<br />

Henul korllcu olmaml~ blr ba~ka<br />

köylu anlal1Y0r: "Beni görurler~e pesimi<br />

blrakl1llyorlar. '\1a<strong>de</strong>m ki ,ilah<br />

almadlll (1 laman e\'ini köy<strong>de</strong>n ta~lyacak'\Il'<br />

dl\ 'lrlar .. \ ,kerler köye geldiklerin<strong>de</strong><br />

~a kaçl~orum ya da ,aklanlyorum,"<br />

Koyluler simdiye <strong>de</strong>k uç<br />

ailenin hu YU/<strong>de</strong>n koy<strong>de</strong>n taSllldlgl-<br />

111. iki ailenin <strong>de</strong> koy<strong>de</strong> kalmadlklann!<br />

\ c c\lerine gi/lice gelebildikleri-<br />

III anlallyorlar. Anlatllanlar sa<strong>de</strong>ee bu<br />

koye mahsus <strong>de</strong>giL Gercüs l'ski Belediye<br />

Ba~kalll Ekmen, "Yöre<strong>de</strong>ki pek<br />

çok köy<strong>de</strong>n göçe<strong>de</strong>n aileler oldu.<br />

Hattâ bir köyün muhtan köy<strong>de</strong>n Çlkacagllll<br />

söyll'yerek, borçla da olsa<br />

hayvanlarllla ahcl bulmaml istedi" diye<br />

anlatlyor. Diyarbaklr'da konu~tugumuz<br />

taksi ~oförleri, yalmz Mardin'<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>gil, kendi köylerin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> göçlerin<br />

görüldilgunu belirtiyorlar.<br />

Mardin bölgesin<strong>de</strong> hemen herkesin<br />

~ikay<strong>et</strong>çi oldugu bir konu da konvoy<br />

uygulamasl. Hava karardlktan soma<br />

Mardin'in ilçelerine gitmek isteyenler,<br />

ilçe yollannda, belli merkezier<strong>de</strong>, kimi<br />

zaman yedi saate kadar varan surelerle<br />

bekl<strong>et</strong>iJiyorlar ve konvoy halin<strong>de</strong><br />

yola çlkartlhyorlar. Özellikle<br />

Gereü~ yolu üzerindc iki tankerin yakllmasmdan<br />

sonra bir güvenlik önlemi<br />

olarak baslal1lan bu uygulama,<br />

amaema ters sonuçlara yolaçlyor.<br />

Taksi soförü Mahmut, "Bir kere<br />

konvoya yakalanmlSl1m. Basta askeri<br />

araç gidiyor, ama sondak.i araçlar korumaSlZ,<br />

adamlar geHp bir sürü arabaYI<br />

soydular" diye anlal1Yor. Avukat<br />

~ehmuz Miro~lu, "lnsanlar saatleree<br />

arabalarmdan indirilme<strong>de</strong>n, aç,<br />

susuz, uykusuz bekl<strong>et</strong>iliyor. Klsm bir<br />

<strong>de</strong> so~uk var" diyor. Batman'da görevli<br />

bir doktor, askerlerin konvoy<br />

için bekleyenlere kötü muamelesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

sikay<strong>et</strong> ediyor. TEK soförü Nur<strong>et</strong>tin,<br />

konvoyun tehlikeyi daha çok<br />

dav<strong>et</strong> <strong>et</strong>tigini savunuyor: "Adamlar<br />

saldlrmak istesell'r aym anda bir süru<br />

arabaYI vurabilirler." Mardin Va-<br />

Ji,i Alaattin Turhan ise, daha önee<br />

hazl ~ikay<strong>et</strong>lerin oldugunu belirtiyor:<br />

"Tu gay Komutam'na söyledim, küçlik<br />

araçlan ve isteyeni blrakm <strong>de</strong>dim.<br />

Ihtiyari olmasl gereken bir uygulama.<br />

~e kadar <strong>et</strong>kili bir önlem oldugu tarlI~llabilir.<br />

Simdilik özellikle tankerler<br />

için bu uygulama <strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>eektir."<br />

Bölgeye sinen korku, köyler<strong>de</strong>, ilçeler<strong>de</strong>,<br />

~ehirler<strong>de</strong> farkh sur<strong>et</strong>ler<strong>de</strong><br />

ortaya çlktyor. Insanlar konu~maktan.<br />

rl'sim çektirmekten, özellikle<br />

Isimlerinin \'aZilmasmdan kaçlmyorlar.<br />

Ama. "Sen gidip yazaean, soma<br />

biz ne olaeaglz" diyenlere, köyün Çlkl~lI1a<br />

Kadar gelen genç korueu karSI<br />

çlklyor: "Abi ne olur bunlan yazll1<br />

artlk. dayanacak güç kalmadl." ::J<br />

KEMAL CAN/Mardin<br />

Mardin Valisi Turhan<br />

"Zaria karucu alan<br />

bana gelsin"<br />

Afardin Va/isi A/aattin Turhan<br />

"~()r/akOnlcu/uk" üzerine Yen;-<br />

(jlin<strong>de</strong>m 'in sOTU/aT/nicevapladl:<br />

• Bölge<strong>de</strong>ki birçok köy<strong>de</strong>. köy-<br />

Illier, koruculuk yapmalan için<br />

jandarmarun kendilerine bask1<br />

yapl1gmdan sikây<strong>et</strong> ediyorlar.<br />

Turhan- Kesinlikle böyle bir sey<br />

yok. Zaten bu bir itimat i~i. Zorla<br />

yaptlan koruculuktan bir fayda<br />

gelecegine ben inanmtyorum.<br />

• Askerler, "Sizin köy için $U<br />

kadar silah belirledik. Ya bu kadar<br />

korueu gonlillli çlkar, ya biz<br />

lorla \ eririz" diyorlarml~.<br />

Turhan- Bir koy<strong>de</strong> üç dört kisi<br />

,lklyor gönlilliJ. biz bunlan bek-<br />

~ 49


DEVAN<br />

lellnek için 10 lane asker koymak<br />

zorlillda kahyoruz. Bu yüz<strong>de</strong>n bir<br />

\.:öy<strong>de</strong> en az 10 korueu olsun <strong>de</strong>dik,<br />

~imdi. bir köy<strong>de</strong> be~ tane Çlklyordur,<br />

jandarmadaki all ka<strong>de</strong>-<br />

~ncler <strong>de</strong> muhlara, "Bize pe~ kiSi<br />

daha bul" diye leikin yaplyordur.<br />

• Korucular da, nasI! korueu yaplldlklanm<br />

anlalolar.<br />

Turhan- Bilim prcnsibimiz dl-<br />

$lllda askerin bir uygulqmasl varsa<br />

bilemem. Biz bazen dagdaki<br />

adamm ne yaptIgml bilemiyoruz.<br />

Ben gönüllü korueuluga inamyorum.<br />

Ancak, oradaki astsubay,<br />

"Filan köy aldl, bunlar niye almlyor,<br />

sunlarl biraz slkl~uraYlm" diye<br />

bir zihniy<strong>et</strong>e girmez <strong>de</strong> diyememo<br />

Ama ben bunlan bilemiyorum.<br />

Sizin böyle bir tespitirtiz varsa<br />

söyleyin bana gelsinler, ben on-<br />

Ian affe<strong>de</strong>yim. Söz, ben halledcrim.<br />

LJ<br />

Insan Haklanna yeni darbeler<br />

•<br />

l$kenceye <strong>de</strong>vam!<br />

Ankara'daki seyyar il?kenceciler beraat <strong>et</strong>ti; il?kenceye<br />

karl?1Avrupa sözlel?mesine Türkiye imza koymadl.<br />

1>0<br />

"Türkiyc 'i~kence ve Kötü Muamele<br />

ile Müea<strong>de</strong>lc Sözle~mesi'-<br />

ni imzalamadl." "insan Haklan KurultaYl<br />

10-17 Arahk tarihlcri araslOdà<br />

yapllaeak." "Ankarah seyyar i~kcneeeiler<br />

beraat cui." Üç haber, üç<br />

ba~hk. Bu üç haber geçen haftanlO insan<br />

haklan gün<strong>de</strong>mini olusturuyor.<br />

imzalamad., çünkü ...<br />

Türkiye'nin kaplS!TIda bekledigi<br />

Avrupa Toplulugu'nun siyasî orgam<br />

A vrupa Konseyi 1980 )'lhnda i~ken-<br />

'ce konusunda özel bir çalI~ma ba~lato.<br />

Konsey'in amael "i~kenee insanhk<br />

suçudur, aman n'olur yapma)'ln"-<br />

!TIötesine geçecek bir ~eyler yapmak-<br />

II. Bu niy<strong>et</strong>le ba~layan çall~malar Birlc~mis<br />

Mill<strong>et</strong>ler'in hamladlgl "bkcncey~<br />

Kar~1 Uluslararasl Sözlc~me';run<br />

benimsenmesiyle somUl tedbirlcrin<br />

ahnmas!TI1 saglayacak çall~malara dönüstü.<br />

Vc nihay<strong>et</strong> 27 Haziran 1987'<strong>de</strong><br />

Bakanlar Komitesi'nin kabul euigi<br />

"iskenee ve insanhkdl~1 ve Onur KInel<br />

Davraru~ ve Cezarun Önlenmesi<br />

A\'rupa Sözle~mesi" b~hglm ta~lyan<br />

bir m<strong>et</strong>in ortaya çlktl. ArtIk i~ "Ben<br />

AvrupahYlm" diyen ülkelerin m<strong>et</strong>ni<br />

imzalamaslOa kalml~tI.<br />

Ama ne<strong>de</strong>nse 26 Kaslm'da imzaya<br />

açllan m<strong>et</strong> ni Türkiye imzalamadl.<br />

Türkiye' nin "haYlr ben imzalamlYorum"<br />

tavnna bir tek irlanda katIldl.<br />

Peki Türkiye ne<strong>de</strong>n imzalamamlstl?<br />

Bu davramsm altmda "Biz insan haklanna<br />

saygll1 bir ülkeyiz, biz<strong>de</strong> iskencc<br />

rniskence olma?" iddiasl olabilir<br />

miydi?<br />

TUrkiye'nin son yedi Yll1nr bilen<br />

böyle bir iddiaYI duyunca blrakm bl-<br />

Ylk altmdan gUlmeyi, kahkahatlan<br />

çallayabilir. Zaten TUrkiye'yi lemsil<br />

e<strong>de</strong>n Vahit Halefoälu da'böyle bir sey<br />

yapmadl. Halefoälu, he<strong>de</strong>f saslrtlp<br />

konuyu Bulgaristan'daki TUrklere gclirdi.<br />

Canll ml esnll hlr örnek<br />

YeniOîln<strong>de</strong>m 'in 67. saylsmda yer.<br />

alan "Seyyar Iskem:edkr" basltklt<br />

haber Türkiye için SIradan<br />

<strong>de</strong>gilse bile, ah~I!-<br />

dlk bir haber türüydü.<br />

TKP davasl samklanndan<br />

Yasar Erdal Tümlürk<br />

yargllanml~ ve tahliye<br />

olmustu. 4 Haziran<br />

gecesi saal 21 sulannda<br />

sivil bir Renault tarafmdan<br />

ahnarak Ankara'-<br />

mn <strong>de</strong>gi~ik semtlerin<strong>de</strong>, <strong>de</strong>gisik olmayan<br />

iskencelere maruz kaldl. Buraya<br />

kadar yeni alan bir tek ~ey yardl: i~keneeler<br />

açlk havada yaplhyordu.<br />

GölbaSI yakmlarmdaki biriskence<br />

duragmda Tümtürk'ün feryatlanm<br />

duyan Yuva Köyünün muhtar yekili<br />

Zennur Bilgin olaya müdahale <strong>et</strong>mis,<br />

bir iki yumruk ve tehditle "olay" yerin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

savu~turulmu~tu. Zennur Bilgin<br />

daha soma karakola ba~vurup<br />

"seyyar"lardan ~ikay<strong>et</strong>çi oldu. Yapl-<br />

Ian iskenceleri doktor raporû ile belgeleyen<br />

Erdal Tümtürk gözleri bagh<br />

oldugu için polisleri görememisti,<br />

ama 0 da dayaclydl. Muhtar yekili<br />

Bilgin önce resimler<strong>de</strong>n, soma canh<br />

olarak "seyyar" polisleri te~his elli.<br />

h rnahkemeye kalmIst!.<br />

Durusma günü geldi çaltl. Ama ne<br />

hikm<strong>et</strong>se, olaym gözleri açlk lek ta-<br />

Haie/oRlu -<br />

Bu se/er im~1I o/lIlodl.<br />

Tümtürk - AÇ/k hOl'odo i,$kence.<br />

mgl iki kez tamdlgl polis memurlan<br />

Murat Dogan ve Zeki Ate~'i üçüncü<br />

görüsün<strong>de</strong> tammlyordu. Bu durum<br />

saVClYIbile klzdlrmlst!. Çünkü daha<br />

önceki ifa<strong>de</strong>lerin<strong>de</strong> yapl1gt teshislerin<br />

dogruluguna iliskin "yemin billah"-<br />

lar vardl. Ve duru~ma sonuç!andl:<br />

"Deli! y<strong>et</strong>ersizligin<strong>de</strong>n iskence iddiasl<br />

ile yargllanan polis memurlan ... mn<br />

beraatine. "<br />

izin<br />

verilirse<br />

Insan Haklan Dernegi 10-17 Ara-<br />

11klarihleri arasmdaki "Insan Hak-<br />

Ian Haftas\" kapsammda Türkiye'-<br />

nin ilk "insan Haklan KurultaYI"OI<br />

gerçeklestirecek. Kurultaya çok saYIda<br />

bi!im adamI, yazar \'c hukukçu kat11acak.<br />

Helsinki Izlerne Kornitesi'-<br />

n<strong>de</strong>n Prof.Erik Siesby ve Jeri Laber,<br />

Uluslararasl Al' ÖrgUtO'n<strong>de</strong>n Helmut<br />

Oberdick, Ulusiararasi Insan Haklafi<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>rasyonu'ndan Michel ,Blum,<br />

Hel~inki Ulu~lnrarasl Insan Haklan<br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>rasyonu' ndan Gerald Nagler,<br />

Danimarka eski Adalel Bakanl Ole<br />

Esperson da kurulta)'a davelli. Ancak<br />

bir sartla: lçisleri BakanltA\ izin verir.'<br />

se ... Ya vermezse? Sözlesmesinc im.<br />

za bile koyrnadl~lml7. bir konuda elf!.<br />

lerne ll1ahçup olacak dcAiliz ~'a... '


Dr::;VAM<br />

ingiliz yazar, kendini "haps<strong>et</strong>ti"<br />

i~lara$11için eylem<br />

Vicdan<br />

Kalesi -<br />

Clara Francis:<br />

"Mura$/i 'yo<br />

kar$1 vicdon<br />

borcumu<br />

ôdüyorum. "<br />

1982'<strong>de</strong> yine Kamal YayJnlan tarafmdan<br />

bas1lan bir <strong>de</strong>rleme ne<strong>de</strong>niyle tutukland!.<br />

Recep Mara~h'l11n ömrünün geri<br />

kalan klSmlnI cezaevlerin<strong>de</strong> geçirmesine<br />

yol a.;an "suç"u, iki kitap + bir<br />

<strong>de</strong>rlcme <strong>de</strong>gildi. Peki, Mara~h ba~ka<br />

ne suçlar i~lemi~ti? Tek bir "suç"u<br />

\'ardl: Kendini savunmak ... tki kitabl<br />

için açIlan davalarda savunma yaparken<br />

"sa\1Jnma suçu" i~ledi ve toplam<br />

19 1'116 a1' agir hapis cezasma<br />

mahkûm oldu. Derleme ve onun sa-<br />

\'unmaSl için verilen ceza ise 4 y1ld!.<br />

Ceza saganagl daha soma da <strong>de</strong>yam<br />

wi. Mara~h 1983 'te Diyarbakir<br />

Cezacvi'ne gön<strong>de</strong>rildi. Daha önceki<br />

iki da ,ada "tek ba~lIla illegal örgüt"<br />

olmakla suçlanan Recep Mara~h hakkinda.<br />

nu ka <strong>de</strong> "avnhkçl bir örgüte<br />

üye olma" iddiaslyla dava açlld!.<br />

o yIllarda Diyarbaklr'da adal<strong>et</strong> zor<br />

günler ya~lyordu. Siyasi davalara bakan<br />

avukatlar gözaltma ahmyor, "bu<br />

tür" davalara bakmamalan konusunda<br />

uyanhyordu. TCK'nin 171/1 mad<strong>de</strong>sine<br />

göre yargllandlgI yeni dava,<br />

Mara~h'mn 8 y1l hapse mahkûm 01-<br />

maslyla sonuçland!. Bu davamn da<br />

bir "savunma ekli" cezasl yard!. "Savunma,<br />

varolmamn önernli bir ~artIdir"<br />

diyen Mara~h, yine kendini savunurken<br />

"suç" i~ledi ve 4 Ylla mahkûm<br />

oldu.<br />

Recep Mara~h, 36 yJla mahkûm;<br />

Levko Lukyenko, 25 Ylldlr tutuklu<br />

... Siri Türk, digeri Sovy<strong>et</strong> vatanda~l<br />

iki siyasi tutuklunun birlikte<br />

amI mas mm ne<strong>de</strong>ni, yazar ve yatçl<br />

Clara Francis'in tngiltere'<strong>de</strong> Londra'-<br />

mn Covent Gar<strong>de</strong>n'mda yaptIgl ilginç<br />

eylemdi. Clara Francis "Vicdan Kafesi"<br />

adml verdigi <strong>de</strong>mir parmakhklar<br />

ardmdan ~unlan söylüyordu: "Bu<br />

iki kj~inin <strong>de</strong> aralannda bulundugu<br />

binlerce siyasi tutukluya ka~~1vicdan<br />

borcumu ödüyorum." Bu <strong>de</strong>gi~ik<br />

protesta eylemini Recep Mara~h'YI<br />

1986'da "Yllm Mahkûmu" ilan e<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Cluslarara'il Af Örgütü organize <strong>et</strong>mi)ti.<br />

Bir garip adal<strong>et</strong> serü\'eni<br />

Bundan once Avrupa kaynakh birkaç<br />

<strong>de</strong>gi~lk "özgürlük kampanyasl"-<br />

na kanu aian Recep Mara~h'mn cezae\i<br />

hayatl. 1979'da ba~lad!. Sahihi<br />

aldugu Kamal Yaymlan'ndan ba~I1an<br />

Celaù<strong>et</strong> Ali Bedirkan'm Mustafa Kemal<br />

Paia Ha::.rellerine AÇ/k Meklup<br />

\e Lucien Rambaud'un Kürdislan<br />

1918-46 adh kItaplan ne<strong>de</strong>niyle Istanbul<br />

Slkl1'on<strong>et</strong>im Kamutanhgl'nca tutuklandl.<br />

Sekiz ay tutukluluktan sonra<br />

;erbest blrakIld!. Mara~h'l11n öz-<br />

~urluk ~llnleri razla uzun surmedi.<br />

Recep Moro$ll - Alemdag Cezoevi'n<strong>de</strong><br />

Daha bitmedi<br />

Ocak 1984'te Diyarbakir Cezaevi'-<br />

n<strong>de</strong> ba~layan ve 49 gün süren açhk<br />

grevine Recep Mara~h da kat1ldl. Be$<br />

ki~inin öldügü ölüm orucu Mara~h'-<br />

mn vücudunda <strong>de</strong>rin iller blfaku. Yürüyelllez,<br />

konu~amaz hal<strong>de</strong> çlkanldlgl<br />

duru~malardan soma komaya girdi.<br />

Uluslararasl Af Örgütü'nün 1985 YIh<br />

raporunda Mar~h'mn kafasma vurulan<br />

darbeler ne<strong>de</strong>niyle görme ve<br />

<strong>de</strong>nge bozukluklan oldugu yazlhyordu.<br />

1986 yazmda durumu daha da<br />

aglrla~u ve lusmî felç geçirdi. Af Örgütü'nün<br />

1986 raporunda Mar~h'mn<br />

acilen bir beyincik ameliyatI geçirmesi<br />

gerektigi YazIhydJ. Ancak Recep Mara~h,<br />

savunmasmda oldugu gi~i saghgl<br />

konusunda da "askerî engeller" -<br />

le kar~lIa~t!. Avrupa'da açllan özgürlük<br />

kampanyalan, Cumhurba~kam<br />

ve Ba~bakan'a yapllan ki~isel ba~vurular<br />

da kâr <strong>et</strong>medi.<br />

Recep Mara~h'mn ba~ma gelenler<br />

bununla bitmedi. TCK'nin 171/1<br />

mad<strong>de</strong>sine göre aldlgl 8 yJlhk mahkûmiy<strong>et</strong><br />

Askerî YargItay tarafmdan bozuldu.<br />

YargItay'm gerekçesi, yargllamanm<br />

171/I'e<strong>de</strong>gil, 168/1'egöreyapllmasl<br />

gerektigiydi. Avukau Serhat<br />

Bucak bu gerekçeyi ve Mara~h'mn gelecegini<br />

~öyle yorumluyor: "Recep<br />

Mara~h'YI TCK'nin 168/1 mad<strong>de</strong>si<br />

dogrultusunda mahkûm <strong>et</strong>tirme, yani<br />

silahh ç<strong>et</strong>e kurmak ve yön<strong>et</strong>mek<br />

suçu ile dünya kamuoyuna lanse <strong>et</strong>mek<br />

ve böylece uluslararasl platformda<br />

olu~an saygmhgml klrmak anlamlna<br />

geliyor." ~.~<br />

~<br />

, .<br />

.<br />

..<br />

. . . .<br />

51


"'<br />

DEVA~,1 ..<br />

ABD raporlarlnda Türkiye ve üs/er<br />

1977'nin 27 Mart'mda ABD Temsilciler<br />

\1eclisi Uluslararasl ili~kiler<br />

Komilesi için hazlrlanan "Ak<strong>de</strong>niz'-<br />

<strong>de</strong> Birle~ik Oevl<strong>et</strong>ler Askeri Tesisleri<br />

ve He<strong>de</strong>fleri", aynca 1980 yIlmda<br />

Alfred Friendly JI. ve Hans Binnendijk<br />

tarafmdan aynt komite için hamlanan<br />

"Stratejik Yerle~im ve BölgtJeki<br />

ABD Üsleri" adh Yunanistan<br />

ve Türkiye'yi kapsayan raporlarda<br />

Türkiye'<strong>de</strong>ki üsler ve i~levle7<br />

ri, aynca ABO'nin he<strong>de</strong>fleri ~öyle<br />

tantmlantyor:<br />

Askeri<br />

he<strong>de</strong>fleri:<br />

1977 tarihli raporun giri~ ,bölümün<strong>de</strong>,<br />

Ak<strong>de</strong>niz Bölgesin<strong>de</strong> ABD'-<br />

nin Askeri He<strong>de</strong>fleri ~öyle belirlenmi~li:<br />

"ABD'nin Ak<strong>de</strong>niz Bälgesin<strong>de</strong>ki<br />

Askeri He<strong>de</strong>fleri esasen yIllard!r hiç<br />

<strong>de</strong>gi~memi~tir. Bu temel he<strong>de</strong>fler<br />

~äyle 51ralanabilir:<br />

O::.gülHe<strong>de</strong>fler: "Sovy<strong>et</strong>!er Birligi'ne olan cogra-I erlcen uyan ve i1<strong>et</strong>i~im. Aynea Türk<br />

(- NATO'nun Güney Kanadl'nm ;fi yakmlIgl, Kara<strong>de</strong>niz'<strong>de</strong>n Ak<strong>de</strong>- limanlan da ABD 6, Filosu'na<br />

güeünü korumak. :niz'e geçi~i <strong>de</strong>n<strong>et</strong>leyen Bogazlar üze-Iönemli <strong>de</strong>stek saglIyor.<br />

2- Hür Oünya'nm Ak<strong>de</strong>niz Bölge-. ;rin<strong>de</strong> kontral sahibi olmasl ne<strong>de</strong>niy-: TO. Id 'd Id o. I<br />

si'n<strong>de</strong>ki ikmal yollanm korumak, :le Türkiye NATO'nun <strong>de</strong>gerli bir: ur ye e us er<br />

3- NATO dl~mda kalan dost <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>- :üyesi oldugu kadar ABO'nin <strong>de</strong>: Adana Incirlik Hava OssiJ:<br />

leri, özellikle israil'i <strong>de</strong>steklemek, .önemli bir münefikidir... ! Suriye- Türkiye smmna yakm tsken-<br />

4- Bir sav~ zamanmda Sovy<strong>et</strong>ler: Geçmi~te, Türkiye'nin ABO'ye :<strong>de</strong>run ve Yumurtahk ikmal <strong>de</strong>pola-<br />

Birligi'nin Süvey~ Kanah'nt kullan- .verdigi askerî tesisler ABO'nin Sov- :nile Türkiye'nin güneyin<strong>de</strong>ki en bümasml<br />

engellemek." :y<strong>et</strong> hava ve <strong>de</strong>niz faaliy<strong>et</strong>lerini, fü-lYÜk üsler<strong>de</strong>n biridir. lncirlik'te bu-<br />

ABD, bu he<strong>de</strong>fler dogrultusunda :ze ve nükleer silah testlerini ve <strong>de</strong> !gün yalmz NATO kapsammda faa-<br />

Ak<strong>de</strong>niz BöIgesi'n<strong>de</strong>ki birçok ülke- Türkiye'nin <strong>et</strong>rafml ku~atan Yakm- :liy<strong>et</strong>te bulunuluyor ve uygulamada<strong>de</strong><br />

iki tarafll anla~malar ve antla~- :dogu'daki genel askerî faaliy<strong>et</strong>leri 'ki slmrlamalar üssün ABO'nin Ormalar<br />

geregi a~agldaki olanaklan el- geregi gibi izlemesini sagIayan yarar- :tadogu'da geli~en olasl durumlar<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>et</strong>ti: II istihbarat toplama görevlerine ola- için kullanùma~1 açlSlndan çok az<br />

"- ABD kuvv<strong>et</strong>lerini konu~lan- nak vermektedir. Türkiye'nin sagla- .i~e yanyor. lneirlik, eaydlrma için<br />

dlrma, dlgl diger tesisler <strong>de</strong> ABD için sa-, bulundurulan sava~ uçaklanmn ya-<br />

- ABD ku\"v<strong>et</strong>leri için a~kt'rî tal- vunma muhabere istasyonlan için mma bir <strong>de</strong>stek merkezi ve Askerî<br />

bikatlar, oldugu kadar taktik sava~ uçaklan Hava Aktarma Kumandanhgl<br />

- ABO kuw<strong>et</strong>lerinin ya,al \'e idari için havaalanlan ve Oogu Ak<strong>de</strong>niz'- (MAC) için ta~lma terminali olarak<br />

statüleri, <strong>de</strong> seyre<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>niz ve hava (ABD' - da kUllamhyor. ABD için <strong>de</strong>geri.<br />

- lstihbarat faaliy<strong>et</strong>leri, nin) kuvv<strong>et</strong>leri için ikmal ve cep ha- NATO i~levleri ve Ortadogu'da ge-<br />

- ABD ku\'v<strong>et</strong>leri için harekât ne <strong>de</strong>polan saglamaktadlr." li~ebileeek olaylar için uzun va<strong>de</strong>li<br />

Genel He<strong>de</strong>fler: . planlan, Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> ABO'nin 6 ana, 21 . potansiyeli ve egitim olanaklannda<br />

1- NATO <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>lerine ve diger Or- - Ve Ortak Kuvv<strong>et</strong> Komutanhkla- daha küçük üssün<strong>de</strong> görevli 7000 as- yatlyor.<br />

tadogu uluslarma kar~1 Sovy<strong>et</strong> silah- n için harekât planlar!." kerî personeli var", D' h .-J l '<br />

II sa Idlrgan IIgml cay d mel kIIma k ,<br />

"ABD"<br />

mn<br />

Akd<br />

entz<br />

' B"I ., d T" k' 'd k' ABD .. 1 . k' 1 Iger ava uç er!:<br />

0 gesl n c ur lye e I us en I I teme ABD A k H L' , d<br />

. b .. fi" d 19" k - . . k' . . . S ,n ara ava Imanl n an<br />

2- C ay d IrlcIlI~I.n . ba~an I1 olmadlgl ugun aa statu e ... as en tesl~1 ton. slyonu yenne g<strong>et</strong>myor: o.v- v ç'~r H v ü 'd l"'k<br />

durumda, <strong>et</strong>klh blr savunmaYI sag- vardlr. Bunun 61'1 l ürklve'<strong>de</strong>: 24'u y<strong>et</strong> IstIlasma kar~1 çaydmclhk ve IS- keil 16 I a a ~U n enh~t'S!1 .<br />

layacak y<strong>et</strong>erli güeü planlamak. Yunanlstan'da; 58'j Italy;,da: 2R'i tihbarat loplama. dU amml ve s:'~~~ urumu enn-<br />

3- Ortadogu'da ban~l ve istikran hi- lspanya'da; 2'si Fas'ta: 4'1I \-rail"" Üçüncü <strong>de</strong>rece<strong>de</strong> blr i~le\'i <strong>de</strong> mal-. e yarar ana llyor,<br />

maye <strong>et</strong>mek, da; 22'si Portekiz'<strong>de</strong>dll . Leme teda! ik <strong>et</strong>mek, lojistik, egitim,l<br />

~<br />

~<br />

NATO er~p.n<br />

uyar. vt:: ,,-,erne<br />

+- f~r1a; '


•<br />

DEVAn<br />

"Savunma harcamalan klSllsln" diyen i~adaml<br />

'Bu militarist<br />

beyin Ylkamadlr'<br />

Be.lm Tlbuk, ordunun ülkeyl yön<strong>et</strong>meye kalkmaslnl, tedavl<br />

lçln doktor yerlne marangoz çaOlrmaya benz<strong>et</strong>iyor<br />

Zam<br />

dalgasmm yarattlll rulkanll<br />

Tarkiye'yi sarsorken, i~odaml<br />

Besim Tibuk, bu garalta arasmdu<br />

hak<strong>et</strong>tili yanklYI bulamayan. il!:ill\'<br />

bir r'k'$ yapll, N<strong>et</strong> Holding )'öne/l/ll<br />

Kurulu Ba$kam Tibuk. yazdI arlklomaslyla,<br />

"Zomlarm aS11sorwnlusunun<br />

kar$/II'CSlZkamu harcamulart 01-<br />

dulunu" iteri sarap, "öncelikle ~ll'<br />

vunma irin yap/Ian harcamalar blllmalld,,"<br />

<strong>de</strong>di. Tibuk, hu<br />

"tabu" konudaki r/kl$1n11l<br />

ne<strong>de</strong>nlerini Ya~ülü Aldo,<br />

Ian 'a anlatll:<br />

• Açlklamamzm ö7el bir la<br />

manlamasl var m!ydl?<br />

Tibuk- Ev<strong>et</strong>. Zamlar H'<br />

enflasyonun <strong>et</strong>kisi var. 1:111-<br />

las yon her üike<strong>de</strong> kar~lhk 'IZ<br />

para basmayla olusuyor, kar-<br />

SlhkslZ paraYI da <strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong> ha,!-<br />

yor. Ben bunun suç oidu~unu<br />

düsünliyorum. Biz<strong>de</strong><br />

Anglo-Sakson hukuku olsa<br />

<strong>de</strong>vl<strong>et</strong>i mahkemeye verirdim.<br />

Hâkim olsam, enflasyondan<br />

<strong>de</strong>laYI zarara u~radl~ml ispat<br />

IlOcn bir kisi çJkt1~mda <strong>de</strong>v-<br />

J<strong>et</strong>i tazminala mahkûm e<strong>de</strong>rdim,<br />

Devlel kendini "Ben<br />

fazla para basarak sana hizm<strong>et</strong><br />

ediyorum, aItyap! yaplyorum"<br />

vb. diye savunuyor.<br />

hIe burada, <strong>de</strong>vk1in harcadlgl<br />

her kurusun halkm paras!<br />

oldugunun bilincine "armasl<br />

lâZlm. Devl<strong>et</strong> 0 paraYI biz<strong>de</strong>n<br />

ahyor, lercihine gore kulla-<br />

IIlYOr. Bu iSle <strong>de</strong>nellenmesi<br />

gerekir. Oysa biz<strong>de</strong> halk, OsmanlIdall<br />

beri hakklm, hukukunu<br />

koruma gelenegine<br />

sahip <strong>de</strong>gil. Tlirkiye'<strong>de</strong> ilk<br />

<strong>de</strong>fa bu '50 seçimlerin<strong>de</strong> 01-<br />

du. Ama benim soyledi~im<br />

anlaY1SlIl hâlâ ortaya ÇlklIglDl<br />

göremiyorum. Devl<strong>et</strong>in har',1<br />

dlgl her kuruSla, her hakslzhkta ha"<br />

km sesinin ç!kmasl laZlrn, çlkrn!yor,<br />

Halk narkol yernis gibi. Oysa orlal'a<br />

çlkan ekonornik <strong>de</strong>gerlerin hepsini çal1~an<br />

halk ureliyor. Dernek ki, çok<br />

ciddi blr sekil<strong>de</strong> kamu harcamalan:<br />

IIln <strong>de</strong>n<strong>et</strong>lenrnesi gerekir. Bu arada<br />

ilah edilmeyen ve kamuoyunun tarlI~ma<br />

gün<strong>de</strong>rnine gel irilrneyen ola\<br />

a,kerî harcamalardlr. '<br />

• Tabu konulardan biri.<br />

Tibuk- Tabu, l'l'<strong>et</strong>. Tabu yapamn<br />

da kim oldugu belli <strong>de</strong>~ildir. Anla-<br />

Il:,!~ l,III 1'l(,O'I.lll 'lllll,lki ~ell:l!ll'I"<br />

l'a~I1l,lk la/lrn, '60'tan S


•<br />

Diyarbaklr'da beklenenin iki katl oy aldl<br />

13-19/12/87<br />

RefahK l<br />

aray'<br />

larma basladJklannda RP'l1ler çolu uda çahsaeal\IZ" <strong>de</strong>melerine karsm,<br />

yeri gezmisler, nere<strong>de</strong>yse ikinci turla- bazI RP'liler çoktan kollan SlVamll<br />

rlna baslamlslardl. gOrOnOyor. RP Silvan l1çe lkinei Bas.<br />

'bi kam Hilmi Amaç, "Belediyeler bizim<br />

an gJ için çok önemli" diyor. "Biz salci<br />

Ensolcu<br />

Diyarbalur birinei bölge<strong>de</strong> SHP 60 oleu farkl göz<strong>et</strong>me<strong>de</strong>n dOrOst bir<br />

bin oyla Oç mill<strong>et</strong>vekilini (vekil baSI- halk çoculunu belediye baskam yap.<br />

"As I - d I I f na 20bin oy) Medis'e yollarken RP, mak istiyoruz. BugOn TOrkiye'<strong>de</strong> ö~-<br />

I ~uca e em z eodal zlhnly<strong>et</strong>e kar~l. Emperyallzmln ve 45 bin oyunun temsi1cisilÙ çlkartaml- rencilerin sorunlan var, <strong>de</strong>vrimeilerin<br />

fa~lzmlOne oldu(iunu anlattl{Jlmlz ölçü<strong>de</strong> ba'ianh olduk .. yor. lkind bölge<strong>de</strong> DVP IS bin oyla sorunlan var. Bir sürO insan so1cudur<br />

alklslayan SHP'lilere rastlamak allStl- Meclis'e bir mill<strong>et</strong>vekili yollarken RP diye ise allrumyor. Bunlar hep aym<br />

"~imdi merkeze miS bir görOntOydo. Hattâ birçok 28 bin oyuyla açlkta kallyor. Böyle- kaynaktan çlklyor. Bu yüz<strong>de</strong>n so1cu.<br />

~gidince biz he. köy<strong>de</strong> SHP'lilerin RP'yi, RP'lilerin ce Diyarbakir seçmeninin dörtte biri sun, sal\clsm dème<strong>de</strong>n birlikte muca.<br />

sap soracal\IZ. 'Siz SHP'yi kaste<strong>de</strong>rek "Bize vermeye- TBMM'<strong>de</strong> temsil edilemiyor. Bu tem. <strong>de</strong>le <strong>et</strong>meliyiz. El\er biz bölOnürsek<br />

niye iyi çallsma- eekselÙz onlara verin" <strong>de</strong>dikleri riva- sil sorunu bülün Turkiye için geçer- al\amn yolunu açmlS oluruz. ANAP<br />

dlmz?' diyecel\iz. y<strong>et</strong> ediliyor. Simdi ise kimi SHP'liler Ii, afT" 1)iyarbakull Refah'cllar için benim haikImm düsmarudlr. Bu se.<br />

Eski<strong>de</strong>n bize 'KO- oy <strong>de</strong>posu olarak gördOkleri Güney-. l1ayati bir ùnem ta$IY0r. Çünku ka. çim<strong>de</strong> verdil\imiz <strong>de</strong>rsi, belediye se.<br />

çOk Moskova'dan dol\u'da ve özellikle Diyarbaklr'da zandlklan hal<strong>de</strong> Medis'te temsileile- imlerin<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> vermeliyiz. Biz bunun<br />

ml geliyorsunuz?' RP'lÙn kendilerine gelmesi muhtemel ri olmayaeak. . için SHP ve DSP'liiere çaln yapuk.<br />

<strong>de</strong>rlerdi, simdi biz onlara, 'Imamn .bir grup oyu aldll\ml kabul ediyorlar. "Ben barajl asamadll\lmlzl göTlln- 8en parti olarak bunlarl belenirim;<br />

kalesin<strong>de</strong>n geliyoruz' diytccl\iz." Re- " " ce kahroldum, on dan soma seçimi <strong>de</strong> biz simdi birlikle davranma mesajl<br />

fah Partisi DiyarbakIr Merkez lIçe Feodallere kalll illemedim. Diyarbaku sonuçlanm da veriyoruz." :J<br />

Baskam Nec<strong>de</strong>l Öeal, çevresin<strong>de</strong>ki ~P hakkmdaki "Din istisman yap- bilmiyorum hâl~. Bakmadlm yani KEMAL CANIDQ'GrlHllur<br />

partiliIere saka yollu bunlart söylO- u" Iddialan, "oy patlamasl"run dddi dol\ru durust. Boyle olmasma dlger<br />

yor. Gerçekten <strong>de</strong> saka bile olsa bun- ne<strong>de</strong>nlerine ISlk tUlmaktan uzak. partiler dahi hayr<strong>et</strong>ler için<strong>de</strong> kaldllar.<br />

Ian söylemekte pek hakslZ sayllmaz. "Bizim burada astl mOea<strong>de</strong>lemiz' Gelip bize büyOk hakslzltk yaplldll\l-<br />

Seçim ùneesin<strong>de</strong> kimselÙn Diyarba. feodal zihlÙy<strong>et</strong>e ve fasizme karst. Biz' m söylediler. çol\u gelip bizi kutladl,<br />

kir'da 30-35 bin<strong>de</strong>n fazla oy alaea!\l- emperyalizmin ve fasizmin ne oldu- teskin <strong>et</strong>meye geldi." 11 Baskam Na.<br />

na ihtimal vermediAi Refah Partisi bi- l\unu anlatUl\lmlz ölçO<strong>de</strong> basanh 01- zif Vüeel klzgmhl\lm böyle .ifa<strong>de</strong> edirinei<br />

bölge<strong>de</strong> OçOneO, ikinei bölge<strong>de</strong> duk." Bu söller DiyarbakIr bal\lmslz yor. SHJ:).1L!!!1.~am J:~.~~m ÖZ~Q:<br />

birinei parti olmayt basardl ve 70 bi- sosyalist adaytna falan ail <strong>de</strong>li!. Bun. ~u,neu ~a "Sahs~n .b~n ~nlann ~~nin<br />

üzerin<strong>de</strong> oy aldl. "Seçim<strong>de</strong>n ön- Ian söyleyen RP Silvan !Içe !kinei hs te. DiyarbakIr I Ikl null<strong>et</strong>veklh Ile<br />

ce büyük bir patlama yapaca!\lmlZl Baskam Hilmi Amaç. OIdukça genç te":lksllb<strong>et</strong>,meyeeek o,I,md~anm'?OemOksöylüyorduk.<br />

Bu oldu, Allah'a SOkür. kadrolara sahip Diyarbalm RP leski': rau u muyorum Iyor. . rt~ya<br />

Beklenen<strong>de</strong>n fazlasl oldu ama, biraz lau, dinarrùk bir kampanya yürüterek çlkan bu durumun sanellan tlen<strong>de</strong><br />

daha suremiz olsaydl, o~'Umuzu 90 'propagandasmda yörenin birçok 50- m~~laka göriJIeeek~ir."<br />

binlere Ç1kantrdJk." Refah Partisi Di-. rununa yer vermis. Genç bir RP'li, .. Halk bunun zu~~m oldul\unu gör.<br />

yarbaklr Il ~as~am Nazif Vücel, se- "Sa<strong>de</strong>ee dini sorunlar <strong>de</strong>l\i1," diye ~u.', amk herkes blll,Yol'. Refah. Pa~çlmdt:n<br />

once Iddlalarma kimseyi inan- açlkllyor yaklaSlmlanm. "Bizim aSlf USI ne oy \ erenler, BIZ gerçe~1 bllldlram~mlS<br />

olmamn klZgtnll!\1 ve ba-. müea<strong>de</strong>lemiz bölge<strong>de</strong>ki feodallere. y?ruz, bIZ ne yapaea~ImlZl biliyoruz'<br />

sanmn gu.ruruyla konll$uyor. Peki karSldlr. Türkiye'<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mokrasi yak. dlyorlar., Asllnda biz memnunu~,<br />

.bu, herkesl hayr<strong>et</strong>e düsOren, R.::fah'- tur. Vardlr diyene cahil <strong>de</strong>rim. " çOnku DlyarbaklTlI davasma sahlp<br />

1I1an gururlandlran ba$an nasll orta-' "Refah geleeek, zulüni biteeek". çlkmlSllr, seçim<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>, seçi~<strong>de</strong>n sonya<br />

çlkll? sloganmm Diyarbaklr'daki anlaml: ra da .. Asii memnumyellmlZ bu yuz.<br />

1973 scçimlerin<strong>de</strong> -bu seçimler Tekirdal\'dakin<strong>de</strong>n elb<strong>et</strong>te çok fark.: <strong>de</strong>n. Blzlm davamlz bllmez." Merkez<br />

~1SP'rün gerçek b,ir alak. yaplll\1 ve en h. bzellikle bölge<strong>de</strong> oldukça güçlü: Ilçe Baskaru Nec<strong>de</strong>l beal hâlâ ayakçok<br />

oy aldll\l. seçlmlerdl' Milli Sela- olan dini inançlarla beslenmis ve ço..: la olduklannJ vur~uluyor.<br />

mel Paru;1 Dlyarbaklr'da yuz<strong>de</strong> 18.5 ~u zaman sol un bile kullâïüîiäya 'çë:-i Gerçekten <strong>de</strong> Dlyarbaklr'da hâlâ<br />

oramnda oy a1mISll. Daha soma 1977 kindil\i argümanlarla <strong>de</strong>steklenen bu: açlk olan ve gelip gi<strong>de</strong>lÙ bol parti<br />

seçimlerin<strong>de</strong> tulturabildi~j oy oram kampanyanm basanh olmasma $aS- ; merkezlerin<strong>de</strong>n biri RP. Refah'cllar<br />

aneak yuz<strong>de</strong> 17.5 olmuSlu. 29 Kaslm mamak gerek. "SHP halkl OrkOuO. : salonda olurup vi<strong>de</strong>oda Diyarbakir<br />

1987 seçimlerin<strong>de</strong> Refah Partisi'nin Bir sey yapllacaksa bu halkla yaplla-; milingini izliyorlar. "Çok çahsuk dao'<br />

Dlyarbaklr'daki oy oram birinei böl- eak, Onlar bunu anlamadtlar. Din; ha ne yapahm" diye yakmanlara,<br />

ge<strong>de</strong> yüz<strong>de</strong> 22.7, ikind bùlge<strong>de</strong> yOz. meselesini önemsemediler." Hilmi: "BOyOk sehirler<strong>de</strong> MUsllÏmaÎl kli.lma<strong>de</strong><br />

28.7 oldu. Bu sonuçlar nere<strong>de</strong>n ba. Amaç, Kendi basanlanru açlklarken miS ml?" diyen ya$lIlara, "~imdi dao'<br />

Inhrsa bakllsm "Milli GöTti$" için bO- SHP'nin "görece basanSIZh!\lru" da ha bir hlrsla çahsma isteAi sOrüyor, bu<br />

Y,uk,b!r zafer. DiyarbakIr Refah Par- böyle anlauyor. in~anlar yarah, Izdlraph ama inanç<br />

1151nln daha öneeki seç-imler<strong>de</strong> hIe bOlOn bu "bosluklan" doldur-. evam ediyor" diyenlere slkça rast.<br />

MSP'ni.n,aldlAI oylar karSlSlnda artl$ maYI becerebilen RP, ANAP'a kar$I:' amyor. "Bizim buralarda bir sembol<br />

~ay~eUlal ~e~ y~r. DiY~baklr'ln dOrt olan lepkiyi <strong>de</strong> iyi kullarunca bl$an- ardlr; Karaytlan, vurdukça da ha SI-<br />

Il,esln<strong>de</strong> ,bln~cl, dört Ilçesin<strong>de</strong> ikin- ya IIla$11. Tabii "içeriye girmi$" aday- kl sanltr. l,te burada oyle oldu, Bu<br />

ce ve Oç ~Içestn<strong>de</strong> OçOnc:O parti olan lafln pck makbul oldugu bölge<strong>de</strong>, bir- sonuçtan sonra mill<strong>et</strong> daba bir inanç-<br />

RI', bazlllçeler<strong>de</strong> diaer panilerin lap. \'O~ kerl "iç-eriye girmis" bir ismi <strong>de</strong> la davastna sanldl," Hilmi Amaç tep-<br />

~amma yakm ~y aid!, , , IIday Il''\terince Onleri iyice açlld\. kileri boyle dile ,<strong>et</strong>iriyor, Bir RP'Ii<br />

S~ç~?, ,oncesm<strong>de</strong> blr~ok kl~1 ~~fah Ama Ilcnç RP'liler yine <strong>de</strong> "do,on- klZ,mltaml saklayamayarak konu$u-<br />

Partlsi mn OoneY~Oau ~a ~o~ l)'l ç~- celcrinln lyi i1<strong>et</strong>ilmedialn<strong>de</strong>n, sömO. yor: "Bu Avrupa'nm envi. Buraya<br />

'1t't1llm ve ANAP lçln clddl blr tehlt. rll \e I~ken~e meselelerinin iyi anla- gelen yaban4.' parlamenter açJkça 'Biz<br />

ke olacaaml soylüyordu. Haul 1Ilmadl~Indan çok klAsik !slAmi Os. Refah PaniSl'lÙn ,oç kazanmasmdan<br />

SHP'liIer bunun en çok ~end,ilerlne lurlan ~I~rlhp daha ,eni, kesimlere kaY,1 duyuyoruz' <strong>de</strong>di."<br />

yarayacaAlru, Refah PUllSI'nln ala. a~111I1ll1;mll$ olmllsmdan ve labii di. Refah panililer ,imdi, birçok ilçeca~1<br />

her ~YU,n Kendi $anslannl artll- ~cr bCl1l!<strong>de</strong>r<strong>de</strong> ba,an saAlanamamlS <strong>de</strong> birinci ya da lkinci parti olmalanracalml<br />

lien sOrdOler, Ama bugon olma)lndan" du)'duklarl UzOntOyU na dayanarak Onlerine belediye seortaya<br />

çlkan sonuçtan sonra, a~lInda Slk sik dile geliri)'orlar, çlmlerini he<strong>de</strong>f olarak koymu$lu.<br />

RP'nin "o~daki oylan" loplayarak Bu ha13nda çok önemli bir <strong>et</strong>keni Parti y<strong>et</strong>kililerinin "Merkezin, hoca.<br />

bOtUn partiler~ ,darbe \'\JrduAu her- <strong>de</strong> ku~ku~uz Refah'çllann erken da\'. mwn emirlerini bekliyoruz, 0 dOJruIkesee<br />

kabul edlllyor. Se.;1m kampa~- r;l111113':I1C"aramak gcrekiyor. Diyar.<br />

yasl sIrasmda RP kcn\oylanna Il ~aklr',!3 ,j:~~r panikr seçil1l \'all~ma.<br />

merkezinin balkonundan ~l sallavan, .<br />

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