Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
quCaSi policiam ubrZana movaWres, aelagebina Tavisi saqoneli, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi mas konfiskaciiT daemuqrnen. dunierma gadawyvita Seemowmebina, policia mis mimarTac iseTive zomebs mimarTavda Tu ara. man gaSala magida imave adgilas da daeloda policiis gamoCenas — sabednierod, mas Tan hqonda Tavisi magnitofoni da SeZlo Caewera policiasTan saubari, Semdeg ki gaaanalia, Tu ra gavlenas axdens rasa da socialuri mgomareoba imaze, Tu rogor eqceva policia adamianebs. swored dunieris dakvirvebis arasistematurobam ganapiroba is, rom aseTi xangrZlivi savele muSaobis miuxedavad, kritikosebi dunieris kvlevis erT-erT mTavar naklad miiCnevdnen imas, rom mas ar hqonda SesaZlebloba, 24 saaTis manZilze dakvirveboda Tavisi informantebis cxovrebas da saqmianobas. rogorc wesi, is maT weliwadSi ramdenime Tvis manZilze xedavda; xvdeboda diliT da Sordeboda saRamoTi, Tumca maTTan erTad wignebiT da JurnalebiT vaWrobasTan dakavSirebul sxvadasxva saqmianobaSi monawileobda — magaliTad, mouwia saqmeebis garkveva policiasTan, rodesac policielebma magidebis aReba moiTxoves; gahyva Tavis informantebs gadasayrelad gamzadebuli nivTebidan gasayidad gamosadegi wignebis da Jurnalebis amosarCevad, da a.S. mainc, dunieris kvleva warmatebulad unda CaiTvalos; es warmateba, hasanis azriT, iman ganapiroba, rom mitCels mosmenis unari hqonda — is ar axvevda Tavis azrs Tanamosaubreebs, aramed cdilobda gaerkvia, Tu ratom iqceoda esa Tu is adamiani ise, rogorc is iqceoda, amasTan, mas Tavad am adamianis axsna ainteresebda. “quCa mainc quCaa, — ambobs hakim hasani. — es ar unda dagaviwydeT. mitCi amas maSinve mixvda. mas ar ucdia moeCvenebina Tavi sxva adamianad, vidre is sinamdvileSi iyo: adamiani da sociologi, romelic cdilobda Caswvdomoda Cveni cxovrebis azrs” 86 . metic, hasani ambobs, rom dunieris midgoma kvlevisadmi ar gamomdinareobda paradigmidan “mecnierma yvelaze ukveT icis”, aramed mas axasiaTebda socialuri mecnieris mondomeba, moesmina sxvebisTvis 87 . rekomendebuli literatura: 1. Mitchel Dunier. 2001. Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Strauss and Giroux. 2. Marie Jahoda, Paul F. Lazarsfeld, and Hans Zeisel. [1971.] Marienthal: The Sociography of an Unemployed Community. Chicago: Aldine - Atherton. 3. Robert K. Yin. 2002. Applications of Case Study Research. Second edition. Sage Publications. 86 Ibid. P. 325 87 Ibid. P. 327. ukve ramdenime welia, rac hakim hasani quCaSi aRar vaWrobs — is niu iorkis erT-erT saxelmwifo universitetSi muSaobs (Director of the Metropolitan Institute at MCNY, Metropolitan College of New York). 70
Tema 6. socialuri kvlevis eTika socialuri kvleva yovelTvis respondentebis, anu Cveulebrivi moqalaqeebis monawileobiT tardeba, misi Sedegebi ki arcTu iSviaTad mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens sazogadoebriv cxovrebaze. amitom socialuri mecnierebis yvela dargis warmomadgeneli profesiuli organizaciebis erT-erTi umTavresi moTxovnaa gamokvlevebis warmarTvisas mTeli rigi eTikuri principebis dacva, romlebic respondentTa da farTo sazogadoebis uflebebsa da interesebs icavs da romlebic profesiuli eTikis kodeqsebSia gaerTianebuli. eTikis kodeqsi profesiuli saqmianobis principebis krebulia, romelic ama Tu im profesiis zneobriv Rirebulebebs gamoxatavs. rogorc wesi, is asaxavs idealur warmodgenebs ama Tu im profesiis Sesaxeb. saerTo azris Tanaxmad, profesiuli moralis normebis SemuSaveba ama Tu im profesiuli jgufis warmomadgenlebis mier maTi sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobis gacnobierebisa da aRiarebis Sedegia. mniSvnelovania, rom profesiuli eTikis normebis aRiareba am profesiis warmomadgenlebis mier xdeba nebayoflobiT, vinaidan isini afaseben am profesiul gaerTianebaSi wevrobas; profesiuli eTikis moTxovnebi maT internalizebuli aqvT profesiuli momzadebis Sedegad. eTikis kodeqsebi xSirad ganixileba rogorc qveyanaSi arsebuli samarTlebrivi normebis gavrcoba ama Tu im profesiuli saqmianobis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tumca Tavad eTikis kodeqsebi samarTlebriv dokumentebs ar warmoadgenen — isini ufro farTo xasiaTisa da Sinaarsisaa, vidre iuridiuli dokumentebi. amasTan, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes, rom vercerTi profesiuli kodeqsi ver SeZlebs, SesaZlo situaciebis sruli speqtri moicvas. aSkaraa, rom nebismieri socialuri kvlevis warmateba damokidebulia sazogadoebis keTilganwyobaze mkvlevrebis mimarT, respondentebis ndobaze interviuerebisa da gamokvlevis organizatorebisadmi, maT rwmenaze, rom kvleva tardeba keTilsindisierad, obieqturad, sazogadoebrivi interesebis dacviT da rom daculi iqneba respondentTa konfidencialoba. eTikis kodeqsis mizania, aamaRlos socialuri kvlevebis sazogadoebrivi prestiJi, gaaZlieros ndoba am tipis saqmianobis mimarT da misi warmarTvisaTvis maqsimalurad xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmnas. socialur mecnierebebSi eTikuri standartebis sistematuri SemuSaveba XX saukunis 50-ian wlebSi daiwyes sxvadasxva qveynis profesiulma gaerTianebebma. dRes es gaerTianebebi xSir SemTxvevaSi transnacionalur xasiaTs atarebs da sxvadasxva qveynis warmomadgenel mkvlevrebs aerTianeben. eTikuri normebis SemuSaveba da maTi SeZlebisdagvarad farTod danergva socialuri mecnierebis profesiuli gaerTianebebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi misiaa. yvela aseT asociaciaSi gaerTianebis aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens kandidatis mier asociaciis eTikuri kodeqsis normebis aRiareba da miReba. socialuri mecnierebis profesiuli kodeqsis normebis Seswavlis mizniT Cven dawvrilebiT ganvixilavT or aseT dokuments — saerTaSoriso savaWro palatis (ICC) da sazogadoebrivi azrisa da sabazro kvlevis evropuli kavSiris (ESOMAR) sabazro da socialuri kvlevis praqtikis erTobliv kodeqss 88 da amerikis sociologiuri asociaciis (ASA) eTikis kodeqss 89 . dRes ukve danamdvilebiT SeiZleba imis Tqma, rom socialuri kvlevis eTikuri standartebi sayovelTaod aRiarebuli normebisagan Sedgeba, romelTa dacvasac yvela mkvlevari Tavis movaleobad miiCnevs. yvela profesiuli kodeqsi Seicavs e.w. saerTo principebs, rogorebicaa: profesiuli kompetenturoba, patiosneba, 88 ICC/ESOMAR International Code of Marketing and Social Research Practice. ICC/ESOMAR, 1995. kodeqsis naxva SeiZleba agreTve ESOMAR-is veb-gverdze: www.esomar.nl. 89 Code of Ethics and Policies and Procedures of the ASA Committee on Professional Ethics. American Sociological Association, 1999. kodeqsi SegiZliaT ixiloT agreTve amerikis sociologiuri asociaciis veb-gverdze: www.asanet.org. 71
- Page 19 and 20: zedmeti an usargebloa am konkretuli
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Tema 6.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis eTika<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i kvleva yovelTvis respondentebis, anu Cveulebrivi moqalaqeebis<br />
monawileobiT tardeba, misi Sedegebi ki arcTu iSviaTad mniSvnelovan gavlenas<br />
axdens sazogadoebriv cxovrebaze. amitom <strong>socialur</strong>i mecnierebis yvela dargis<br />
warmomadgeneli profesiuli organizaciebis erT-erTi umTavresi moTxovnaa<br />
gamokvlevebis warmarTvisas mTeli rigi eTikuri principebis dacva, romlebic<br />
respondentTa da farTo sazogadoebis uflebebsa da interesebs icavs da<br />
romlebic profesiuli eTikis kodeqsebSia gaerTianebuli.<br />
eTikis kodeqsi profesiuli saqmianobis principebis krebulia, romelic ama<br />
Tu im profesiis zneobriv Rirebulebebs gamoxatavs. rogorc wesi, is asaxavs<br />
idealur warmodgenebs ama Tu im profesiis Sesaxeb. saerTo azris Tanaxmad,<br />
profesiuli moralis normebis SemuSaveba ama Tu im profesiuli jgufis warmomadgenlebis<br />
mier maTi sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobis gacnobierebisa da<br />
aRiarebis Sedegia. mniSvnelovania, rom profesiuli eTikis normebis aRiareba am<br />
profesiis warmomadgenlebis mier xdeba nebayoflobiT, vinaidan isini afaseben am<br />
profesiul gaerTianebaSi wevrobas; profesiuli eTikis moTxovnebi maT<br />
internalizebuli aqvT profesiuli momzadebis Sedegad.<br />
eTikis kodeqsebi xSirad ganixileba rogorc qveyanaSi arsebuli samarTlebrivi<br />
normebis gavrcoba ama Tu im profesiuli saqmianobis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tumca<br />
Tavad eTikis kodeqsebi samarTlebriv dokumentebs ar warmoadgenen — isini<br />
ufro farTo xasiaTisa da Sinaarsisaa, vidre iuridiuli dokumentebi. amasTan,<br />
gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes, rom vercerTi profesiuli kodeqsi ver SeZlebs,<br />
SesaZlo situaciebis sruli speqtri moicvas.<br />
aSkaraa, rom nebismieri <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis warmateba damokidebulia<br />
sazogadoebis keTilganwyobaze mkvlevrebis mimarT, respondentebis ndobaze<br />
interviuerebisa da gamokvlevis organizatorebisadmi, maT rwmenaze, rom kvleva<br />
tardeba keTilsindisierad, obieqturad, sazogadoebrivi interesebis dacviT da<br />
rom daculi iqneba respondentTa konfidencialoba. eTikis kodeqsis mizania,<br />
aamaRlos <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevebis sazogadoebrivi prestiJi, gaaZlieros ndoba am<br />
tipis saqmianobis mimarT da misi warmarTvisaTvis maqsimalurad xelsayreli<br />
pirobebi Seqmnas.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong> mecnierebebSi eTikuri standartebis sistematuri SemuSaveba XX<br />
saukunis 50-ian wlebSi daiwyes sxvadasxva qveynis profesiulma gaerTianebebma.<br />
dRes es gaerTianebebi xSir SemTxvevaSi transnacionalur xasiaTs atarebs da<br />
sxvadasxva qveynis warmomadgenel mkvlevrebs aerTianeben.<br />
eTikuri normebis SemuSaveba da maTi SeZlebisdagvarad farTod danergva<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i mecnierebis profesiuli gaerTianebebis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi<br />
misiaa. yvela aseT asociaciaSi gaerTianebis aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens<br />
kandidatis mier asociaciis eTikuri kodeqsis normebis aRiareba da miReba.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i mecnierebis profesiuli kodeqsis normebis Seswavlis mizniT Cven<br />
dawvrilebiT ganvixilavT or aseT dokuments — saerTaSoriso savaWro palatis<br />
(ICC) da sazogadoebrivi azrisa da sabazro kvlevis evropuli kavSiris (ESOMAR)<br />
sabazro da <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis praqtikis erTobliv kodeqss 88 da amerikis<br />
sociologiuri asociaciis (ASA) eTikis kodeqss 89 .<br />
dRes ukve danamdvilebiT SeiZleba imis Tqma, rom <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis eTikuri<br />
standartebi sayovelTaod aRiarebuli normebisagan Sedgeba, romelTa dacvasac<br />
yvela mkvlevari Tavis movaleobad miiCnevs. yvela profesiuli kodeqsi Seicavs<br />
e.w. saerTo principebs, rogorebicaa: profesiuli kompetenturoba, patiosneba,<br />
88 ICC/ESOMAR International Code of Marketing and <strong>Social</strong> Research Practice. ICC/ESOMAR, 1995.<br />
kodeqsis naxva SeiZleba agreTve ESOMAR-is veb-gverdze: www.esomar.nl.<br />
89 Code of Ethics and Policies and Procedures of the ASA Committee on Professional Ethics. American<br />
Sociological Association, 1999. kodeqsi SegiZliaT ixiloT agreTve amerikis sociologiuri<br />
asociaciis veb-gverdze: www.asanet.org.<br />
71
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