Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
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Tema 1.<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> <strong>socialur</strong> <strong>kvlevaSi</strong>:<br />
Sesavali da saerTo mimoxilva<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i mecnierebebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia mWidro kavSiri Teoriasa da<br />
empiriul kvlevebs Soris. sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis ama Tu im aspeqtis<br />
Seswavlis mizniT, mecnierebi regularulad atareben empiriul kvlevebs, raTa<br />
Seamowmon esa Tu is Teoriuli mosazreba; am kvlevebis Sedegebi xSirad iwvevs<br />
arsebuli Teoriebis gadasinjvas da daxvewas, zogjer ki — Zveli Teoriis<br />
uaryofas da axali Teoriis warmoSobas. magaliTad, <strong>socialur</strong>i mkvlevrebi jer<br />
kidev XIX-XX saukuneebis mijnaze Seiswavlidnen siRaribes da mis gamomwvev<br />
mizezebs; am kvlevebis Sedegad Seiqmna siRaribis klasikuri Teoriebi. magram XX<br />
saukunis 60-ian wlebSi aSS-Si siRaribis specifikuri <strong>for</strong>mebis empiriuli<br />
Seswavlis Sedegad moxda am Teoriebis gadasinjva da Seiqmna “qveklasis” Teoria. 1<br />
siRaribis es <strong>for</strong>ma klasikuri Teoriebis yuradRebis miRma iyo darCenili.<br />
empiriuli <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevebi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs ara mxolod<br />
Teoriuli codnis gamdidrebis TvalsazrisiT, aramed praqtikul donezec,<br />
sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferos Sesaxeb arsebuli codnis<br />
gaRrmavebasa da saxelmwifo marTvis optimizaciaSi. aseT SemTxvevebSi saubaria<br />
e.w. gamoyenebiTi kvlevebis Sesaxeb, romlebic Seiswavlis sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis<br />
iseT aspeqtebs rogorebicaa, magaliTad, ara<strong>for</strong>maluri urTierTobebi<br />
<strong>for</strong>malur organizaciebSi; korufciis gavrcelebis xelisSemwyobi faqtorebi;<br />
siRaribis mizezebi; da sxva. gamoyenebiTi <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevebis Sedegebi SeiZleba<br />
gaxdes gadawyvetilebebis miRebis safuZveli saxelmwifo marTvis an<br />
arasamTavrobo TviTmmarTvelobis doneze.<br />
aranaklebi roli eniWeba empiriul kvlevebs samomxmareblo bazris SeswavlaSi<br />
— e.w. marketinguli (sabazro) kvlevebis meSveobiT mimdinareobs momxmarebelTa<br />
motivaciis, ama Tu im produqtis SeZenis survilis, reklamis efeqturobis<br />
detaluri Seswavla. swored sabazro kvlevebis damsaxurebaa, rom wamyvani kompaniebis<br />
mier warmoebuli produqcia maqsimalurad iTvaliswinebs momxmarebelTa<br />
moTxovnebs da survilebs, xolo reklama sul ufro efeqturi xdeba.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i sinamdvilis sul ufro da ufro meti mxare Seiswavleba<br />
empiriuli kvlevebis meSveobiT, xolo Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegebi xSirad<br />
mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens sazogadoebaze. amitom Zalze mniSvnelovania, rom<br />
es kvlevebi kompetenturad iyos Catarebuli da miRebuli iqnes sando Sedegebi.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis meTodika 2 Seiswavlis empiriuli <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis<br />
ganxorcielebis konkretul gzebs, ganixilavs in<strong>for</strong>maciis Segrovebis mecnieruli<br />
saSualebebis, anu <strong>meTodebi</strong>s erTobliobas da im eTikur principebs,<br />
romelTa dacviTac unda Catardes <strong>socialur</strong>i kvleva. empiriuli <strong>socialur</strong>i<br />
kvlevis meTodika, rogorc sistematuri codnis dargi, <strong>socialur</strong> TeoriasTan<br />
SedarebiT gvian Camoyalibda da Tumca ufro praqtikul xasiaTs atarebs, xSirad<br />
gamoiyeneba Teoriuli problemebis Semowmebis, hipoTezebis damtkicebis an<br />
uaryofis mizniT.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis <strong>meTodebi</strong> or did jgufad iyofa: raodenobriv da Tvisebriv<br />
meTodebad. Tumca am ori jgufis meTodebs Soris aris mniSvnelovani<br />
gansxvavebebi, maT erTi uaRresad mniSvnelovani garemoeba aerTianebs: maTi<br />
mTavari da, SeiZleba iTqvas, erTaderTi mizania Cveni codnis gamdidreba<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i samyaros Sesaxeb.<br />
kvlevis raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong> (rogorebicaa masobrivi gamokiTxva,<br />
kontent-analizi) iSveliebs raodenobriv maCveneblebs — qulebs, procentebs —<br />
1 ix. Michael B. Katz, ed. 1993. The “Underclass” Debate: Views from History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton<br />
University Press; TinaTin zurabiSvili. 2002. “‘qveklasis’ Teoria da misi gamoyenebis<br />
SesaZlebloba saqarTveloSi.” epoqa 2: 76-84.<br />
2 sityvebi “meTodi”, “meTodika” warmoiSva berZnuli sityvisgan methodos, rac SeiZleba<br />
iTargmnos rogorc “Seswavlis gzebi”.<br />
5
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