Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
• maTi gamoyeneba dasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu SeuZlebelia CvenTvis saWiro informaciis miReba sxva gziT (kerZod, pirdapiri kiTxvebis meSveobiT); • mkvlevarma unda SearCios is meTodika, romelic yvelaze metad Seesabameba mis winaSe mdgar amocanebs; • aucilebelia winaswar ganvsazRvroT, fokus-jgufis Catarebis romel etapze ufro mizanSewonilia SerCeuli teqnikis gamoyeneba; • respondentebs gasagebad unda avuxsnaT, Tu ra gvinda maTgan, rogoria “TamaSis wesebi”; • aucilebelia Seiqmnas garemo, sadac respondentebi ar igrZnoben Tavs ise, TiTqos isini raRac gamocdas abareben; • moderatoris saqcieli maqsimalurad moqnili unda iyos, da Tu meTodika ar “amuSavda” (rac xdeba xolme), man unda moaxerxos jgufTan muSaobis gagrZeleba ise, rom aRar gaamaxvilos amaze yuradReba; • araa mizanSewonili, gadavtvirToT jgufi proeqciuli teqnikebiT — erTi jgufisTvis savsebiT sakmarisia 1-2 aseTi meTodikis gamoyeneba (erTi meTodikis gamoyeneba saSualod 20 wuTs ikavebs); • yvelaze ufro mniSvnelovani am meTodikebis gamoyenebaSi maTi Sedegebis Semdgomi interpretaciaa. yvelanairad unda vecadoT, pirveladi interpretacia TviT respondentebma mogvcen. proeqciuli teqnikebis gverdiT, fokus-jgufebSi farTod gamoiyeneba, agreTve zondirebis saSualebebi, kerZod: siCume. rogorc ukve viciT, es aris erT-erTi yvelaze ubralo, neitraluri da amasTan efeqturi meTodi, da amitom is Zalian xSirad gamoiyeneba. Jestebis ena. jgufis msvlelobisas Zalze didi mniSvneloba aqvs moderatoris araverbalur saqciels, kerZod, misi saxis gamometyvelebas, mimikas, xmis intonaciebs, Tvalebis moZraobas, Tavis daqnevas, xmis intonacias, diqcias da sxv. yvela es aris jgufis gaZRolis araverbaluri xerxebi. mizanSewonilia, moderatori pirdapir uyurebdes Tavis Tanamosaubres, magram amasTan ar iTvleba sworad, Tu is didi xniT daacqerdeba jgufis romelime monawiles. jgufuri urTierTobis marTva SesaZlebelia ramdenime teqnikis meSveobiT, romelTa Sorisaa: dasmuli kiTxvebis “gadagzavna” jgufis sxva wevrebisTvis; gamoTqmuli azris gameoreba; monawileTa Segnebuli “dapirispireba”, da sxv. informaciis arasrulad gageba an respondentTa mier gamoTqmuli azris Segnebulad damaxinjeba moderatoris mier aiZulebs respondentebs, ukeT Camoayalibon Tavisi azrebi. “ratom?”-kiTxvebis gamoyeneba, romlebic SeiZleba davyoT “motivis” (“ratom?”) da “interesis” (“rogor?/rogori?/rogor moxda?”) kiTxvebad. “zondirebis”, iseve rogorc proeqciuli teqnikebis gamoyenebisas yvelanairad unda vizrunoT imaze, rom ar dairRves respondentebis interesebi da ar CavayenoT isini uxerxul mdgomareobaSi. fokus-jgufebis Sedegebis damuSavebis SesaZleblobebi fokus-jgufis Catarebis Semdeg xdeba mis msvlelobaSi Cawerili saubris qaRaldze srulad gadatana, ris Sedegadac iqmneba saubris transkripti (fokusjgufis transkriptis magaliTi ix. danarTSi #1). am transkriptis safuZvelze mkvlevari an mkvlevarTa jgufi SemdgomSi amzadebs angariSs, romelic, kvlevis miznebis Tanaxmad, Seicavs pasuxebs gamokvlevis programaSi dasmul kiTxvebze. fokus-jgufis angariSi analitikuri dokumentia, romelic Cveulebriv Seicavs citatebs respondentTa saubridan, iseve rogorc mkvlevris daskvnebs da, xSirad, praqtikul rekomendaciebs. 34
amdenadac fokus-jgufi axlosaa siRrmiseul interviusTan, am ori meTodis gamoyenebis Sedegad mopovebuli informaciis damuSavebis analogiuri SesaZleblobebi arsebobs. analizis pirvel etapze xdeba informaciis kodireba, Semdeg ki — Sedegebis interpretacia; analizis saboloo safexurze mkvlevari akeTebs daskvnebs, romlebic warmoadgens pasuxs gamokvlevis programaSi dasmul kiTxvebze. siRrmiseuli interviuebis Sedegad mopovebuli informaciis damuSavebisagan gansxvavebiT, fokus-jgufebis Sedegebis damuSaveba damatebiT moiTxovs gadawyvetilebis miRebas imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra doneze unda ganxorcieldes analizi. siRrmiseuli intervius SemTxvevaSi am kiTxvaze pasuxi TavisTavad cxadia — aq analizis done SeiZleba mxolod respondenti iyos. magram fokusjgufebis SemTxvevaSi es SeiZleba iyos rogorc respondenti, aseve jgufi (rogorc erTeuli), miT umetes, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom erTi kvlevis farglebSi ramdenime fokus-jgufi tardeba. gadawyvetilebis miReba analizis donis Taobaze Zalze mniSvnelovania. Tumca, erTi mxriv, yvela jgufi respondentebisgan Sedgeba da swored individualuri respondentebi ayalibeben jgufis msvlelobaSi gamoTqmul azrebs, udavoa, rom jgufis dinamika gavlenas axdens calkeul respondentebze, anu arsebobs agreTve analizis meore SesaZlo done, jgufuri. amitom, d.morganis azriT, fokus-jgufis Sedegebis analizi aucileblad unda iTvaliswinebdes am or dones Soris arsebul urTierTobebebs. 48 ramdenadac fokus-jgufebi xSirad gamoiyeneba raime problemis winaswari Seswavlis mizniT, maTi Sedegebis analizi xSirad aRweriTi xasiaTisaa. am leqciis bolos moyvanilia fokus-jgufebis Sedegebis swored aRweriTi analizis magaliTi (ix. magaliTi #3). is eyrdnoba kvlevas, romelic Catarda Tavisuflebis institutis mier saqarTvelos sxvadasxva qalaqSi 2004 wlis zafxulSi. kvleva mieZRvna sxvadasxva profesiul jgufSi korufciis gavrcelebis Sefasebas, korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebis ganxilvas da korufciis daZlevis SesaZlo gzebis dasaxvas. TiToeul jgufSi monawileobas iRebda respondentTa jgufi, romelic homogenuri iyo profesiuli statusis mixedviT (mag., profesormaswavleblebi; policielebi; saxelmwifo moxeleebi; studentebi), magram ara sqesisa da asakis mixedviT (Tumca, ra Tqma unda, studentTa jgufebi asakis mixedviTac sakmaod homogenurebi iyo). fokus-jgufebis Catarebis Sedegad miRebuli Sedegebis generalizacia ar aris gamarTlebuli, Tumca zog SemTxvevaSi es SeiZleba dasaSvebad CaiTvalos — Tu Catarebuli iqna sakmaod bevri fokus-jgufi, romlebSic monawileoba miiRes sxvadasxva socialur-demografiuli jgufis da teritoriuli erTeulis warmomadgenelma respondentebma. iseve rogorc saerTod Tvisebriv kvlevaSi, fokus-jgufis Sedegebis analizisas ganuyofelia analizis da angariSis weris etapebi. davalebebi: 1. gaecaniT fokus-jgufis sadiskusio gegmas “Rvinis moxmarebis kultura Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi” (magaliTi 2). romeli proeqciuli teqnikebis gamoyenebaa dagegmili am sadiskusio gegmis safuZvelze Catarebul fokusjgufSi? 2. SeadgineT gamokvlevis programa Temaze “korufciis gavrcelebis mizezebi saqarTvelos umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaSi”; kvleva Catarebuli unda iyos fokus-jguf(eb)is gamoyenebiT. 3. SeadgineT sadiskusio gegma TqvenTvis saintereso Temaze fokusjgufis Catarebis mizniT; gamoiyeneT is proeqciuli teqnikebi, romlebic yvelze mizanSewonilad migaCiaT kvlevis Temidan gamomdinare. 48 David L. Morgan. Op. cit. P. 60. 35
- Page 1 and 2: socialur mecnierebaTa seria Tvisebr
- Page 3 and 4: s a r C e v i winaTqma 4 Tema 1. Tv
- Page 5 and 6: Tema 1. Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialu
- Page 7 and 8: vafiqsirebT maT mier gamoTqmul azre
- Page 9 and 10: mkvlevris “informantebis” rols
- Page 11 and 12: furclebze ver gamoinaxa adgili verc
- Page 13 and 14: nebismieri kvleva programis Sedgeni
- Page 15 and 16: anu generaluri erTobliobis yvela wa
- Page 17 and 18: videofirze. kerZod interviu warmoad
- Page 19 and 20: zedmeti an usargebloa am konkretuli
- Page 21 and 22: “cxovrebis istoriis” analogiura
- Page 23 and 24: axdens, agreTve interviuebis Sedega
- Page 25 and 26: magaliTi #1 axalgazrduli umuSevrobi
- Page 27 and 28: Tema 3. fokus-jgufi fokus-jgufi jgu
- Page 29 and 30: savsebiT SesaZlebelia fokus-jgufebi
- Page 31 and 32: jgufebis Catareba nakleb dros moiTx
- Page 33: magaliTad, ganasaxieron sxvadasxva
- Page 37 and 38: magaliTi #2 Rvinis moxmarebis kultu
- Page 39 and 40: magaliTi #3 korufcia saqarTveloSi d
- Page 41 and 42: miviCnev, roca eqims sakuTari survi
- Page 43 and 44: “arian iseTi [studentebi], rom ma
- Page 45 and 46: qrTams iRebs] es aris uzneoba” (p
- Page 47 and 48: espondnetebi acnobiereben im garemo
- Page 49 and 50: qceva, da sxva. mklevris uSualo int
- Page 51 and 52: odesac mkvlevari Tavidanve acnobs a
- Page 53 and 54: gegmis) mixedviT. rogorc wesi, CarT
- Page 55 and 56: ara nakleb mniSvnelovania, rom gamo
- Page 57 and 58: aris miRweuli konsensusi imasTan da
- Page 59 and 60: es Canaweri gakeTda espaurenovani r
- Page 61 and 62: Tema 5. monografiuli gamokvleva ise
- Page 63 and 64: saskolo eseebi: skolis damwyebi da
- Page 65 and 66: pretacia. amitom mkvlevars naratiul
- Page 67 and 68: saubrebi myidvelebTan. amasTan, dun
- Page 69 and 70: Cemi ideebi Camoyalibda imis safuZv
- Page 71 and 72: Tema 6. socialuri kvlevis eTika soc
- Page 73 and 74: da samarTlebrivi dokumentebi, amden
- Page 75 and 76: davalebebi: 1. ipoveT internetSi so
- Page 77 and 78: danarTi #1 korufcia saqarTveloSi 92
- Page 79 and 80: - qrTamis SemTxvevaSi iniciativa mo
- Page 81 and 82: kanons gareSea, vakuumia sakanonmde
- Page 83 and 84: gvaqvs saqme? - ara, universitetSi
amdenadac fokus-jgufi axlosaa siRrmiseul interviusTan, am ori meTodis<br />
gamoyenebis Sedegad mopovebuli in<strong>for</strong>maciis damuSavebis analogiuri SesaZleblobebi<br />
arsebobs. analizis pirvel etapze xdeba in<strong>for</strong>maciis kodireba, Semdeg ki<br />
— Sedegebis interpretacia; analizis saboloo safexurze mkvlevari akeTebs daskvnebs,<br />
romlebic warmoadgens pasuxs gamokvlevis programaSi dasmul kiTxvebze.<br />
siRrmiseuli interviuebis Sedegad mopovebuli in<strong>for</strong>maciis damuSavebisagan<br />
gansxvavebiT, fokus-jgufebis Sedegebis damuSaveba damatebiT moiTxovs<br />
gadawyvetilebis miRebas imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra doneze unda ganxorcieldes<br />
analizi. siRrmiseuli intervius SemTxvevaSi am kiTxvaze pasuxi TavisTavad<br />
cxadia — aq analizis done SeiZleba mxolod respondenti iyos. magram fokusjgufebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi es SeiZleba iyos rogorc respondenti, aseve jgufi<br />
(rogorc erTeuli), miT umetes, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom erTi kvlevis farglebSi<br />
ramdenime fokus-jgufi tardeba. gadawyvetilebis miReba analizis donis<br />
Taobaze Zalze mniSvnelovania. Tumca, erTi mxriv, yvela jgufi respondentebisgan<br />
Sedgeba da swored individualuri respondentebi ayalibeben jgufis<br />
msvlelobaSi gamoTqmul azrebs, udavoa, rom jgufis dinamika gavlenas axdens<br />
calkeul respondentebze, anu arsebobs agreTve analizis meore SesaZlo done,<br />
jgufuri. amitom, d.morganis azriT, fokus-jgufis Sedegebis analizi aucileblad<br />
unda iTvaliswinebdes am or dones Soris arsebul urTierTobebebs. 48<br />
ramdenadac fokus-jgufebi xSirad gamoiyeneba raime problemis winaswari<br />
Seswavlis mizniT, maTi Sedegebis analizi xSirad aRweriTi xasiaTisaa. am leqciis<br />
bolos moyvanilia fokus-jgufebis Sedegebis swored aRweriTi analizis<br />
magaliTi (ix. magaliTi #3). is eyrdnoba kvlevas, romelic Catarda Tavisuflebis<br />
institutis mier saqarTvelos sxvadasxva qalaqSi 2004 wlis zafxulSi. kvleva<br />
mieZRvna sxvadasxva profesiul jgufSi korufciis gavrcelebis Sefasebas,<br />
korufciis gamomwvevi mizezebis ganxilvas da korufciis daZlevis SesaZlo<br />
gzebis dasaxvas. TiToeul jgufSi monawileobas iRebda respondentTa jgufi,<br />
romelic homogenuri iyo profesiuli statusis mixedviT (mag., profesormaswavleblebi;<br />
policielebi; saxelmwifo moxeleebi; studentebi), magram ara<br />
sqesisa da asakis mixedviT (Tumca, ra Tqma unda, studentTa jgufebi asakis<br />
mixedviTac sakmaod homogenurebi iyo).<br />
fokus-jgufebis Catarebis Sedegad miRebuli Sedegebis generalizacia ar<br />
aris gamarTlebuli, Tumca zog SemTxvevaSi es SeiZleba dasaSvebad CaiTvalos —<br />
Tu Catarebuli iqna sakmaod bevri fokus-jgufi, romlebSic monawileoba miiRes<br />
sxvadasxva <strong>socialur</strong>-demografiuli jgufis da teritoriuli erTeulis<br />
warmomadgenelma respondentebma.<br />
iseve rogorc saerTod Tvisebriv <strong>kvlevaSi</strong>, fokus-jgufis Sedegebis<br />
analizisas ganuyofelia analizis da angariSis weris etapebi.<br />
davalebebi:<br />
1. gaecaniT fokus-jgufis sadiskusio gegmas “Rvinis moxmarebis kultura<br />
Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi” (magaliTi 2). romeli proeqciuli teqnikebis<br />
gamoyenebaa dagegmili am sadiskusio gegmis safuZvelze Catarebul fokusjgufSi?<br />
2. SeadgineT gamokvlevis programa Temaze “korufciis gavrcelebis<br />
mizezebi saqarTvelos umaRlesi ganaTlebis sistemaSi”; kvleva Catarebuli<br />
unda iyos fokus-jguf(eb)is gamoyenebiT.<br />
3. SeadgineT sadiskusio gegma TqvenTvis saintereso Temaze fokusjgufis<br />
Catarebis mizniT; gamoiyeneT is proeqciuli teqnikebi, romlebic<br />
yvelze mizanSewonilad migaCiaT kvlevis Temidan gamomdinare.<br />
48 David L. Morgan. Op. cit. P. 60.<br />
35
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