Checklist of Baltic Sea Macro-species - IOW

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4. Checklist documentation and distribution data for Baltic Sea fish and lamprey species 16 The checklist for Baltic Sea fish and lamprey species compiled within the HELCOM Red List project currently includes 239 species and their most common synonyms. Species diversity per Baltic Sea subbasin is shown in Figure 11. Bothnian Bay The Quark 48 54 Bothnian Sea Archipelago Sea Aland Sea 71 68 56 Gulf of Finland 87 Northern Baltic Proper Gulf of Riga 61 72 Gulf of Gdansk Eastern Gotland Basin 90 81 Western Gotland Basin 67 Bornholm Basin Arkona Basin 103 108 The Sound 144 Bay of Mecklenburg Kiel Bay 92 96 Little Belt 112 Great Belt 133 Kattegat 175 0 50 100 150 200 Number of species 1–50 51–75 76–100 101–125 126–150 151–175 133 112 96 175 92 144 108 103 67 71 Figure 11. Number of fish and lamprey species per Baltic Sea sub-basin. 51 48 56 68 61 81 90 72 87 4.1 Expert team Chair: Ann-Britt Florin (Sweden) Janis Birzaks (Latvia), Dieter Boedeker (Germany), Uwe Böttcher (Germany), Henrik Carl (Denmark), Natalia Chernova (Russia) Christian von Dorrien (Germany), Ronald Fricke (Germany), Linas Lozys (Lithuania), Timo Moritz (Germany), Peter R. Møller (Denmark), Daniel Oesterwind (Germany), Christian Pusch (Germany), Krzysztof Skóra (Poland), Henrik Svedäng (Sweden), Mikael Svensson (Sweden), Lauri Urho (Finland), Francesca Vitale (Sweden). 4.2 Taxonomy The expert group has followed the Taxonomy of the Catalogue of Fishes (Eschmeyer & Fricke, 2011) which has led to some changes in species names compared to the original list. Only consensual recognised species are included. Hence spring spawning herring Clupea harengus membras and marine smelt Osmerus eperlanomarinus have been removed and only herring Clupea harengus and smelt Osmerus eperlanus are included. For the same reason all Baltic coregonous, except Coregonus albula, are treated collectively as Coregonus mareana s.l. The vernacular names follow the recommendations of the Journal of Fish Biology using Wheeler (1992) and Wheeler et al. (2004). Some species are missing in the Wheeler (1992) and Wheeler et al. (2004) papers. In most cases it is suggested that those species are named accordingly to FishBase. The exceptions are: • Acipenser oxyrhinchus is called American Atlantic sturgeon since A. sturio is called Atlantic sturgeon • Huso huso is called Beluga sturgeon instead of Beluga following the general addition of sturgeon to the name in British English • Ballerus ballerus is called Blue bream instead of the less frequently used Zope • Pelecus cultratus is called Razor-fish instead of the more continental name Sichel • Salvelinus namaycush is called Lake charr to show affiliation with Salvelinus instead of Lake trout
• Gasterosteus gymnurus lacks a name in FishBase and is called Western three-spined stickleback following iucnredlist.org • Triglopsis quadricornis is called four-horned sculpin instead of four-horn sculpin • Lycodes gracilis is called Checker eelpout instead of Vahl’s eelpout, a species from which it is recently split. Fourteen species have been removed from the checklist because they are only present outside the HELCOM area. Thirteen species have been removed from the list as no verifiable records from the HELCOM area could be found for these species. A justification for every species is given in Table 3. 4.3 Defining parameters All hagfish, lampreys and fish recorded within the HELCOM area (with a salinity of least 0.5) since 1800 have been included in the regional checklist. Generalised distribution maps have not been used. 4.4 Distribution 4.6 Checklist The checklist for Baltic Sea fish and lamprey species is presented in Chapter 7, Table 7.4. This table gives the higher taxonomic group, the valid scientific name (with authors and year), synonyms/ variations or subspecies, vernacular name, life history (marine, freshwater, anadromous, catadromous), whether it is introduced and distribution by sub-basin. The distribution of fish and lamprey species has been divided by Baltic Sea sub-basin and it is also noted whether the species occurs and shows regular reproduction, regular occurrence but no reproduction, temporary occurrence, and whether occurrence is unknown as opposed to the species not occurring in the area. The distribution in inner Danish waters is not complete owing to a lack of Danish expert resources. 4.5 Data sources The checklist established in 2007 in the HELCOM Red List of Threatened and Declining Species of Lampreys and Fishes in the Baltic Sea Project (HELCOM 2007) was used as the basis of the present checklist. Denmark and Sweden have made considerable efforts to update and revise their national checklists over the past five years, thereby adding a substantial amount of information about fish fauna in the Kattegat. In addition information from national experts, including national checklists, museum collection registers, and different fish monitory programmes, were used to modify the list. Around 50 species have been added to the checklist since HELCOM (2007). Some are introduced and some are due to the arrival of non-indigenous species, but most of the newly added species are due to greater knowledge about the Kattegat and belt Sea. 17
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