q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
xmovanmonacvle zmnebi: exileba Tvali: gahxelia (amosavalia: axel-s) eZineba vaJi : SesZenia ( ` SesZens) efineba Suqi: mohfenia ( ` mohfens) uCndeba azri: gasCenia ( ` gaaCens) swyindeba lodini: moswyenia ( ` moawyens) ucdeba gakveTili: gascdenia ( ` gaacdens) -i- niSniani zmnebi: eRvreba wyali: dahRvria (amosavalia: da-Rvris) ecvleba feri: scvlia ( ` cvlis) eqmneba pirobebi: Sehqmnia ( ` qmnis) exsneba gza: gahxsnia ( ` xsnis) eSleba xeli: SeSlia ( ` uSlis) eRleba mklavi: dahRlia ( ` Rlis) esvreba fexsacmeli: dasvria ( ` svris) ebrZvis: SehbrZolebia ( ` a-brZoleb←br-Zav-al-eb-) av- sufiqsiani zmnebi: eRupeba Svili: daRupvia (amosav.: eRupvis: -av; Rupavs Zv. awmyo: *Rup-v-i-s) exateba suraTi: dahxatvia ( ` exatvis ` xatavs: *xat-v-i-s) exarjeba fuli: dahxarjvia ( ` exarjvis ` xarjavs: *xarj-v-i-s) enaxeba fuli: Senaxvia ( ` enaxvis ` inaxavs: *nax-v-i-s) ekargeba imedi: dahkargvia ( ` ekargvis ` kargavs: *karg-v-i-s) epareba eWvi: Sehparvia ( ` eparvis ` paravs: *par-v-i-s) ebereba muceli: gahbervia ( ` ebervis ` beravs: *ber-v-i-s) emaleba mzes: dahmalvia ( ` emalvis ` malavs: *mal-v-i-s) ewamleba sicocxle: moswamlvia ( ` ewamlvis ` wamlavs: *waml-v-i-s) exuWeba Tvali: daxuWvia ( ` exuWvis ` xuWavs: *xuW-v-i-s) exureba: daxurvia ( ` exurvis ` xuravs: *xur-v-i-s) bunebrivi da Tanamimdevruli iqneba, Tu amave TvalsazrisiT ganvixilavT, m o s - w o l i a , a h y o l i a da msgavsi tipis zmnaTa TurmeobiTi pirvelis warmoebas. mowola, ayola masdari aqac ar unda iyos amosavali TurmeobiTisaTvis. TviT am masdaris warmoeba moiTxovs axsnas. saidan miviReT wol-a masdarSi, ra aris aq masdaris sawarmoebeli afiqsi da risgan awarmoebs igi masdars? masdaris sawarmoebeli sufiqsi aqac iseve, rogorc zmnaTa did wilSi, Cvenis gagebiT -a aris; rac mas win uZRvis, awmyos fuZea: wol-←wv-al- ←wv-an- yol-←yv-al ←yv-an- qon-←qv-al ←qv-an awveba gulze: moswolia wol- wv-al- ahyveba amxanags: ahyolia yol-← yv-al- eqneba sazrunavi: hqonia qon-← qv-an- uZRveba saqmes: gasZRolia ZRol-← ZeRv-al amave gziT unda aixsnas: dasdgomia, dasjdomia, gasZRomia, SehbrZolebia... adgeba Tavze: dasdgomia (amosavalia: *deg-v-em-...) daujdeba Zvirad: dasjdomia ( ` : *jed-v-em-...) uZReba muceli: gasZRomia ( ` : *ZeR-v-em-...) 70
Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ar mogvepoveba fuZeebi: deg-v-em-, jed-v-em-, ZeR-v-em-... rac mTavaria, ara Cans, ris maqnisi unda yofiliyo es sufiqsebi (-v-em), gardauval zmnebSi, Tu dgoma, jdoma, ZRoma gardauval zmnaTa masdaria. aris ki dgoma, jdoma, ZRoma da analogiuri masdarebi gardauval zmnaTa masdari? vfiqrobT, rom ara. aq gardamaval zmnaTagan nasesxeb masdarebTan unda gvqondes saqme: em (dgoma, jdoma, ZRoma-Si) iseve ar aris gardauvali zmniseuli sufiqsi, rogorc yof-n-a masdarSi - of- da -n ar miiCneva gardauval zmnaTa fuZeebidan momdinared (oRond yofna-Si mTeli fuZe isesxa aris _ zmnam; dgoma, jdoma-Si nasesxebia imave fuZis gardamavali varianti). sakiTxi specialur Seswavlas moiTxovs. davaskvniT: a. zmnis nakvTebSi, romelTac droisa da kilos funqcia aqvT qarTulSi, gairCeva Z i r i T a d i da n a w a r m o e b i nakvTebi. b. nawarmoebi nakvTebi SeiZleba iyos p i r v e l i rigisa da m e o r e rigisa (anu nawarmoebisagan nawarmoebi). g. ZiriTadi nakvTebia: a w m y o da n a m y o Z i r i T a d i . maTgan iwarmoeba yvela sxva nakvTi: u S u a l o d an S u a l o b i T , p i r d a p i r i wyobiT anda i n v e r s i u - lad. amisdakvalad nakvTebis warmoebisas gveqneba ori jgufi: a w m y o s jgufi da n a m - yo ZiriTadis jgufi. awmyos jgufi amJamad yvelaze mravalricxovania. I. gardamavali zmnis awmyosagan (cvl-i-s) iwarmoeba. a. pirdapiri wyobis nakvTebi: 1. namyo usruli (cvl-i-da) → 3. kavSirebiTi pirveli (cvl-i-d-e-s) 2. myofadi (Se-cvl-i-s) 4. myofadiseuli namyo usruli (Se-cvl-i-d-a) [5. 6. 7. TurmeobiTi I, II, kavSirebiTi III gardauval orpirian zmnaTa ([Se]scvlia, scvloda, scvlodes)]. b. Sebrunebuli (inversiuli) wyobisa: 8. TurmeobiTi pirveli gardamaval zmnaTa (u-cvl-i-a) II. n a m y o Z i r i T a d i s a g a n (cval-a) iwarmoeba nakvTebi: a. pirdapiri wyobisa: 9. namyo ZiriTadis xolmeobiTi (Zv. qarTulSi): (cval-i-s) 10. kavSirebiTi meore (cval-o-s) b. Sebrunebuli (inversiuli) wyobisa: 11. TurmeobiTi meore gardamaval zmnaTa ([Se]ecvala) 12. kavSirebiTi III gardamaval zmnaTa ([Se]ecvalos) 71
- Page 19 and 20: da, yvarebia, eyvareba; uyvardes, y
- Page 21 and 22: fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia
- Page 23 and 24: Tqmulis Semdeg advili gadasawyvetia
- Page 25 and 26: vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ i
- Page 27 and 28: gardauvalma zmnebma ki sazogadod in
- Page 29 and 30: dinamikurs, kerZod, gamoxatavs dina
- Page 31 and 32: gramatikulma subieqtma sabolood dak
- Page 33 and 34: Tavis adgils. es procesi enis ganvi
- Page 35 and 36: ⎡ i⎤ sga / ska da qa zmniswineb
- Page 37 and 38: gamoekueTa kldisagan (DE mT 27, 60)
- Page 39 and 40: ma- zmniswini yovelgvari asimilacii
- Page 41 and 42: amitom is I piris myofobis areSi ig
- Page 43 and 44: war- zmniswinis zemoaRniSnuli mniSv
- Page 45 and 46: mimarTulebas gadmoscems; mag.: a R
- Page 47 and 48: 7. uku-, wiaR-. Zvel qarTulSi iSvia
- Page 49 and 50: Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, ker
- Page 51 and 52: lian xSirad aris warmodgenili erTi
- Page 53 and 54: seburi daboloebiTac, magaliTad: ibm
- Page 55 and 56: tipis vnebiTebSic (gaTbnen, aSendne
- Page 57 and 58: g. orpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebis
- Page 59 and 60: zog SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba), magram
- Page 61 and 62: saTvis. asea sil. xundaZesTan, ias.
- Page 63 and 64: 1. awmyosagan iwarmoeba (`awmdgomis
- Page 65 and 66: gan gansxvavebiT, TurmeobiTi meore,
- Page 67 and 68: axsna mecnierebis mizans warmoadgen
- Page 69: TulSi gvaqvs (ubrZanebies, dauteveb
- Page 73 and 74: struqciis ganviTarebis meqanizmi? T
- Page 75 and 76: velSi SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos pi
- Page 77 and 78: viCnioT. sailustraciod SeiZleba pir
- Page 79 and 80: nareobs -en sufiqsisagan, romlic zm
- Page 81 and 82: neboda imis codna, -a enacvleba Cve
- Page 83 and 84: umTavresad e, ufro iSviaTad o/i rig
- Page 85 and 86: gvaqvs prefiqsiani dinamikuri vnebi
- Page 87 and 88: 87 ivane qavTaraZe dro-kiloTa mesam
- Page 89 and 90: Ruawli keTili mogiRuawebies: xanZT.
- Page 91 and 92: moTxr. 278. ukanaskneli valdebuli i
- Page 93 and 94: aq moeyarnaT Tavi alvanel mwyemsebs
- Page 95 and 96: meore TurmeobiTis zemoT moyvanilma
- Page 97 and 98: sis gavrcelebisaken ufroa midrekile
- Page 99 and 100: yvela am tipis zmnaSi? -n marTlac,
- Page 101 and 102: mimReobis warmoeba qarTulSi 1 101 e
- Page 103 and 104: kÂrn-e _ m-i-kÂr-s, mo-cal-e _ i-
- Page 105 and 106: tyuv-an, m-tkiv-an, m-siv-an, m-civ
- Page 107 and 108: me gvqondes qarTuli enis ganviTareb
- Page 109 and 110: drois gamoxatvis sakiTxi mimReobaTa
- Page 111 and 112: adgan mimReobis formebSi istoriulad
- Page 113 and 114: `zogs oci kaci hyvanda, zogs ocdaaT
- Page 115 and 116: ev: sa-kum-ev-el, aR-r-e(v)-ul, rC-
- Page 117 and 118: niSnavda; subieqti _ moqmedebis Sem
- Page 119 and 120: fiqsi unda gvqonoda (sainteresoa, r
Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ar mogvepoveba fuZeebi: deg-v-em-, jed-v-em-, ZeR-v-em-...<br />
rac mTavaria, ara Cans, ris maqnisi unda yofiliyo es sufiqsebi (-v-em), gardauval<br />
zmnebSi, Tu dgoma, jdoma, ZRoma gardauval zmnaTa masdaria. aris ki dgoma, jdoma,<br />
ZRoma da analogiuri masdarebi gardauval zmnaTa masdari? vfiqrobT, rom ara. aq<br />
gardamaval zmnaTagan nasesxeb masdarebTan unda gvqondes saqme: em (dgoma, jdoma,<br />
ZRoma-Si) iseve ar aris gardauvali zmniseuli sufiqsi, rogorc yof-n-a masdarSi -<br />
of- da -n ar miiCneva gardauval zmnaTa fuZeebidan momdinared (oRond yofna-Si mTeli<br />
fuZe isesxa aris _ zmnam; dgoma, jdoma-Si nasesxebia imave fuZis gardamavali varianti).<br />
sakiTxi specialur Seswavlas moiTxovs.<br />
davaskvniT:<br />
a. zmnis nakvTebSi, romelTac droisa da kilos funqcia aqvT qarTulSi, gairCeva<br />
Z i r i T a d i da n a w a r m o e b i nakvTebi.<br />
b. nawarmoebi nakvTebi SeiZleba iyos p i r v e l i rigisa da m e o r e rigisa (anu nawarmoebisagan<br />
nawarmoebi).<br />
g. ZiriTadi nakvTebia: a w m y o da n a m y o Z i r i T a d i . maTgan iwarmoeba yvela<br />
sxva nakvTi: u S u a l o d an S u a l o b i T , p i r d a p i r i wyobiT anda i n v e r s i u -<br />
lad.<br />
amisdakvalad nakvTebis warmoebisas gveqneba ori jgufi: a w m y o s jgufi da n a m -<br />
yo ZiriTadis jgufi.<br />
awmyos jgufi amJamad yvelaze mravalricxovania.<br />
I. gardamavali zmnis awmyosagan (cvl-i-s) iwarmoeba.<br />
a. pirdapiri wyobis nakvTebi:<br />
1. namyo usruli (cvl-i-da) → 3. kavSirebiTi pirveli (cvl-i-d-e-s)<br />
2. myofadi (Se-cvl-i-s) 4. myofadiseuli namyo usruli (Se-cvl-i-d-a)<br />
[5. 6. 7. TurmeobiTi I, II, kavSirebiTi III gardauval orpirian zmnaTa ([Se]scvlia,<br />
scvloda, scvlodes)].<br />
b. Sebrunebuli (inversiuli) wyobisa:<br />
8. TurmeobiTi pirveli gardamaval zmnaTa (u-cvl-i-a)<br />
II. n a m y o Z i r i T a d i s a g a n (cval-a) iwarmoeba nakvTebi:<br />
a. pirdapiri wyobisa:<br />
9. namyo ZiriTadis xolmeobiTi (Zv. qarTulSi): (cval-i-s)<br />
10. kavSirebiTi meore (cval-o-s)<br />
b. Sebrunebuli (inversiuli) wyobisa:<br />
11. TurmeobiTi meore gardamaval zmnaTa ([Se]ecvala)<br />
12. kavSirebiTi III gardamaval zmnaTa ([Se]ecvalos)<br />
71
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