q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

vel SemTxvevaSi, unaxaobas ver vivaraudebT, roca realuri subieqti pirvel pir-
Sia 17 : `arc mqonia, arca maqvs, ar meqneba, mgonia~... `arc aravis ymad v y o f i l v a r ,
arc aravin ymad myolia, Zveli Rvino wliT wlobamdis gamyolia~... Znelia
mTqmels mivaweroT, rom mas uSualo codna ar moepoveboda imisa, rom mas `ara hqonda~,
rom is `ar iyo yma~, rom mas `arc hyavda yma~, rom mas `gahyveboda Zveli puri da
Rvino wliT wlobamdis~... pirveli piri TurmeobiTis dadebiTs formebSic araa iSviaTi:
`saidam ici es? rogor Tu saidam?... Tvali m q o n i a , m i n a x a v s , yuri m q o n i a _
msmenia, gulisyuri mqonia _ mivxvedrilvar, xsovna mqonia _ gonebaSi
CamrCenia~ (ilia). `rom momgonebia Cemi uilajoba..., davcemulvar iatakzed
da miwa miRrRnia, kbiliT xorci miglejnia, TiTebidan Cemi sisxli miwovnia~
(ilia). mqonia, msmenia, minaxavs, mivxvedrilvar, CamrCenia, momgonebia,
davcemulvar, miRrRnia, miglejnia, miwovnia... unaxaobaze miTiTebiT
amgvari faqtebis axsna SeuZlebelia.
es aRniSnuli aqvs iv. qavTaraZes. masve damajereblad aqvs naCvenebi, rom TurmeobiTis
funqciebi ar daiyvaneba `unaxaobamde!~, rom TurmeobiTs ufro `Sedegebrivi~
mniSvneloba Seefereba, vinem, `unaxaobis aqti~ 18 .
amrigad: TurmeobiTi jgufis nakvTebi f u n q c i u r i TvalsazrisiT ver gaerTiandeba;
Turmeobas ar gulisxmobs kavSirebiTi mesame; mxolod nawilobriv egueba es
Sinaarsi TurmeobiTs meores; TurmeobiTs pirvelSic unaxaoba ar gadmoicema pirvels
pirSi, uaryofiTi nawilakebis xmarebisas ki _ sxva pirebSic.
Tu Sedegis aRniSvnas miviCnevdiT mesame jgufis ZiriTad funqciad, mainc imave Sedegs
miviRebdiT: Sedegis gamoxatva ar ekisreba kavSirebiTs mesames arc TurmeobiTi
meorisaTvis aris is niSandoblivi.
sawarmoebeli fuZe TurmeobiTs, rogorc cnobilia, ar aerTianebs. rCeba mxolod
konstruqcia winadadebisa; am niSnis mixedviT TurmeobiTi marTlac gamoirCeva da
upirispirdeba pirvel or jgufs (is akeTebs, man akeTa, mas ukeTebia), oRond gardauval
zmnebSi es niSani ar gamogvadgeba.
sami jgufis gamoyofa zmnis uRvlilebaSi n a w i l o b r i v gamarTlebulia sintaqsuri
TvalsazrisiT, nakvTebis warmoeba ki sintaqsis sagani ar aris, igi fuZeTa warmoebas
ganekuTvneba da morfologiis sagani unda iyos (im TaviseburebaTa gaTvaliswinebiT,
rac am rigis fuZeTa warmoebas axasiaTebs).
TurmeobiTis jgufi zmnis uRvlilebis aRwerisas gamoiyo. enis movlenebis, ker-
Zod, enis agebulebis aRwera rom mecnieruli iyos, is garkveul pirobas unda akmayofilebdes:
unda iyos Tanamimdevruli da amisaTvis ki saWiroa, movlenaTa klasifikacia
moaxdinos a r s e b i T i niSnis mixedviT _ struqturis movlenebi _ struqturuli
niSnis mixedviT daajgufos, funqciuri cnebebi _ funqciur momentze daafuZnos. advili
ar aris imis garkveva, ra miekuTvneba struqturis samyaros da ra unda daxasiaTdes
funqciis TvalsazrisiT. magram siZnele ar iklebs imis gamo, rom struqturisa
da funqciis momentebi erTmaneTSi aireva, ganurCevlad iqneba xan erTi, xan meore
gamoyenebuli sayrdenad, aras vambobT imis Sesaxeb, rom saklasifikaciod niSnebis
cvla movlenaTa aRweris procesSi mecnierebisaTvis savaldebulo elementaruli
normis ugulvebelyofa iqneboda. gramatikis istoria sakmarze met masalas iZleva
amgvari ugulvebelyofis sailustraciod. sakmarisia movigoniT metyvelebis nawilTa
tradiciuli sqema, moZRvreba sintaqsis Sesaxeb, enaTmecnieruli codnis sxvadasxva
dargis urTierTobis sakiTxi da sxva.
mecnierulad swori aRwera enobrivi sistemisa mTel rig sakiTxebs gamoavlens,
sakiTxis sworad dasmisaTvis safuZvels qmnis da movlenis istoriis daxmarebiT gasagebs
gaxdis faqts, romelic sistemaSi ucnaurad gamoiyureba. Tu movlenis gageba,
17 a. SaniZis saanalizo masalaSi pirveli piris formebi ar mogvepoveba.
18 iv. qavTaraZe, unaxaobis kategoriis istoriisaTvis qarTulSi, iber.-kavkas. enaTmecniereba,
VIII (1956), gv. 180-192.
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