q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, kerZod, aqtivis formebisagan gansxvavebiT, pasivis
formebi gardaqcevas aRniSnavs /Sdr.: avazakobs, iavazakebs, iavazaka, uavazaknia, erTi
mxriT, da gaavazakdeba, gaavazakda, gaavazakebula, meore mxriT, [3,13] an sxva mniSvnelobisaa,
sxva stiluri elferi aqvs /moqmedebs, imoqmedebs // moimoqmedebs, imoqmeda
// moimoqmeda, umoqmedia // moumoqmedebia da amoqmeddeba, amoqmedda, amoqmedebula;
metyvelebs, imetyvelebs, imetyvela, umetyvelia da ametyveldeba, ametyvelda, ametyvelebula/.
isic safiqrebelia, rom zemoaRniSnuli pasiuri formebi Tavdapirvelad sa-
Suali gvaris `Semavsebel~ formebs ki ar warmoadgendnen, aramed awmyoSi saTanado
formebis uqonlobis gamo TviTon `sesxulobdnen~ saSuali gvaris zmnaTa imave fu-
Zis formebs [3,13]. magram rogoradac ar unda aixsnas zemoaRniSnuli paraleluri
formebis arseboba, vfiqrobT, maTi Sefaseba mxolod aseTi SeiZleba iyos: saSuali
gvaris zmnaTa erTi wyeba Tanamedrove qarTulSi danaklis formebs ivsebs orgvarad:
an saTanado moqmedebiTi gvaris i-ani saTaviso qcevis formebiT, an saTanado -d-iani
vnebiTis formebiT. am konteqstSi arc is unda daviviwyoT, rom amave zmnebis relatiur
formebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini Sesabamisi absoluturi formebisagan mxolod
sasxviso qcevis u-niSniT gansxvavdebian /ZigZigebs, _ uZigZigebs, kankalebs _
ukankalebs, frTxialebs – ufrTxialebs, WikWikebs _ uWikWikebs.../, nasesxeb mwkriveb-
Si oden pasiuri formebi aqvT, mag.:
ugizgizebs, augizgizdeba, augizgizda, ahgizgizebia
uqaTqaTebs, auqaTqaTdeba, auqaTqaTda, ahqaTqaTebia
umoZravebs, aumoZravdeba, aumoZravda, amoZravebia
umoqmedebs, aumoqmeddeba, aumoqmedda, amoqmedebia
usrialebs, gausrialdeba, gausrialda, gasrialebia
umetyvelebs, aumetyveldeba, aumetyvelda, ametyvelebia
uyaraulebs, dauyarauldeba, dauyaraulda, dahyaraulebia
uboboqrebs, auboboqrdeba, auboboqrda, aboboqrebia
ucimcimebs, aucimcimdeba, aucimcimda, ascimcimebia
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom specialur saenaTmecniero literaturaSi miCneulia,
rom aseTi warmoebis relatiur medioaqtiur zmnebs sesxebis unari ara aqvT: `erT-piriani
medioaqtivis zmnis fuZisagan mraval SemTxvevaSi orpiriani formebic gvaqvs:
duRs _ uduRs, dis _ sdis, yars _ uyars, xtis _ uxtis, wuxs _ uwuxs, budobs _
ubudobs, goravs _ ugoravs, frinavs _ ufrinavs, tiris _ utiris, icinis _ ucinis da
misT... aseT zmnaTagan sazogadod mxolod erTpirianebs SeuZliaT awarmoon sesxebis
gziT yvela mwkrivis formebi, or-piriani formebis xmareba ki Cveulebriv awmyos
wris mwkrivebiT aris Semofargluli~ [2,475]. `mxolod nakvTTa awmyos wyebaSi” [4,1428,
1501...] xmarebul zmnebad aris kvalificirebuli es zmnebi `qarTuli enis ganmartebiT
leqsikonSic~. vfiqrobT, rom `guli uwuxs~ da `guli Seuwuxda~ erTmaneTis mimarT
iseTsave damokidebulebaSia, rogorc `wuxs~ da `Sewuxda~ da am mxriT relatiuri
medioaqtivi zmnebi arafriT ar gansxvavdebian absoluturi medioaqtivi zmnebisagan.
gansxvaveba mxolod erTia: absoluturi agebulebis medioaqtiuri zmnebi nasesxeb
mwkrivebSi an mxolod aqtiur formebs inacvlebs, an aqtiurTan erTad pasiursac; relatiuri
agebulebis medioaqtiuri zmnebi ki nasesxeb mwkrivebSi mxolod pasiur
formebs inacvleben da a . S a n i Z i s terminebi rom vixmaroT, medioaqtiurni ki ar
arian, aramed mxolod mediopasiurni. bunebrivia, rom a . S a n i Z i s a T v i s , rogorc
saSuali gvaris zmnebis medioaqtiv da mediopasiv jgufebad dayofis momxrisa da
gamtareblisaTvis, arc imas aqvs mniSvneloba, rom zogi saSuali gvaris zmna erTsa
da imave dros erTsa da imave mwkrivebSi aqtiur formebsac inacvlebs da pasiursac
da arc imas, rom, misi gagebiT, medioaqtiuri zmnebis relatiuri formebis Semavsebeli
formebi mxolod pasiuria, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Ziri eTxreba saSuali gvaris
zmnebis dayofas medioaqtiv da mediopasiv zmnebad, magram sruliad gaugebaria, ratom
ar miiCneva `uwuxs~ da `Seuwuxda~... erTmaneTis monacvle formebad `qarTuli
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