q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
48 elene babunaSvili saSualo gvaris zmnebTan dakavSirebuli zogi sakiTxisaTvis qarTulSi 1 sayovelTaod cnobili dayofis mixedviT, e.w. saSualo gvaris zmnebi /an, rac faqtiurad imasve niSnavs, `statikuri gardauvali zmnebi~ /1,052/ iyofa or jgufad: medioaqtivad da mediopasivad [2, 304]. warmoebis TaviseburebaTa TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT saintereso suraTs gviCvenebs swored e.w. medioaqtivi, romelic `danaklis formaTa Sesavsebad Tavisi fuZis moqm. gvaris saTaviso qcevis formebs iyenebs, magram erTi mniSvnelovani cvlilebiT: pirdapir-obieqturi piris gamoricxviT~ [2,305]. amrigad, arsebobs a . S a n i Z i s myari debuleba, romlis mixedviTac medioaqtivi zmnebi danaklis formebs ivseben moqmedebiTi gvaris saTaviso qcevis formebiT. amiT aris gamarTlebuli maTi saxelwodebac _ medioaqtivi zmnebi da amiTve upirispirdeba es zmnebi e.w. mediopasiv zmnebs. magram saqme isaa, rom am zmnaTa analizi sxvagvar suraTs warmogvidgens, saxeldobr, didisagan didi umravlesoba aseTi zmnebisa danaklis formebs moqmedebiTi gvaris formebis paralelurad vnebiTi gvaris formebi- Tac ivsebs, mag.: ZagZagebs, iZagZagebs, iZagZaga, uZagZagia, magram: ZagZagebs, aZagZagdeba, aZagZagda, aZagZagebula. wkavwkavebs, iwkavwkavebs, iwkavwkava, uwkavwkavia, magram: wkavwkavebs, awkavwkavdeba, awkavwkavda, awkavwkavebula. cekvavs, icekvebs, icekva, ucekvia, magram: cekvavs, acekvdeba, acekvda, acekvebula. laparakobs, ilaparakebs, ilaparaka, ulaparakia, magram: laparakobs, alaparakdeba, alaparakda, alaparakebula. wrialebs, iwrialebs, iwriala, uwrialia, magram: wrialebs, awrialdeba, awrialda, awrialebula. knavis, iknavlebs, iknavla, uknavlia, magram: knavis, aknavldeba, aknavlda, aknavlebula. yefs, iyefebs, iyefa, uyefia, magram: yefs, ayefdeba, ayefda, ayefebula. bunebrivia, rom es movlena SeumCneveli ar darCenila qarTuli enis mkvlevarTaTvis: `aris SemTxvevebi, rom saSuali enacvleba vnebiTs, es xdeba usruli aspeqtis SemTxvevaSi, mag., `aduRebs~ zmnis sapirispirod saSualic gvaqvs /`duRs~/ da vnebi- Tic /`duRdeba~/, magram vnebiTi gvaris formaTa xmareba sruli aspeqtis SemTxvevebiTYamoiwureba /aduRdeba, aduRda, aduRebula da sxva/; rac Seexeba usrul aspeqts, aq vnebiTis magivrobas mediumi eweva: duRs, duRda, duRdes, iduRebs, iduRa, uduRnia. wyalma i d u R a , i d u R a da bolos a d u R d a ~ [2, 305]. `statikur erTpirians _ yvavis, dums, wuxs, Civis, cxovrobs _PsakuTari fuZisagan ewarmoeba mxolod awmyo, namyo usruli da kavSirebiTi pirveli. namyo ZiriTadSi nasesxebi nakvTebi gvaqvs. es nasesxebi nakvTebi dinamikuri zmnebisaa; saxeldobr, esaa an -d-iani vnebiTi /ayvavda, dadumda _ ayvavdeba, dadumdeba zmnebisa/, an i-TavsarTiani warmoeba gardamavali zmnebisa /icxovra, iCivla _ icxovrebs, iCivlebs zmnebisa/, anda paraleluri warmoeba -d-iani vnebiTisa da i-ani gardamavali zmnisa /Sewuxda da iwuxa/” [1,072-073]. savsebiT samarTlianad gveCveneba a . S a n i Z i s mosazreba, rom gansxvaveba pasiur da aqtiur formebs /e. i. -d-ian warmoebasa da i-an warmoebas Soris aspeqturia: vnebi- Ti, marTlac, sruli aspeqtis gagebas Seicavs, i-ani saTaviso ki _ usrulisas. Cveni mxriT isic SeiZleba davumatoT, rom garkveul zmnur fuZeebTan gansxvaveba wminda 1 Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sromebi, 267, 1986.
Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, kerZod, aqtivis formebisagan gansxvavebiT, pasivis formebi gardaqcevas aRniSnavs /Sdr.: avazakobs, iavazakebs, iavazaka, uavazaknia, erTi mxriT, da gaavazakdeba, gaavazakda, gaavazakebula, meore mxriT, [3,13] an sxva mniSvnelobisaa, sxva stiluri elferi aqvs /moqmedebs, imoqmedebs // moimoqmedebs, imoqmeda // moimoqmeda, umoqmedia // moumoqmedebia da amoqmeddeba, amoqmedda, amoqmedebula; metyvelebs, imetyvelebs, imetyvela, umetyvelia da ametyveldeba, ametyvelda, ametyvelebula/. isic safiqrebelia, rom zemoaRniSnuli pasiuri formebi Tavdapirvelad sa- Suali gvaris `Semavsebel~ formebs ki ar warmoadgendnen, aramed awmyoSi saTanado formebis uqonlobis gamo TviTon `sesxulobdnen~ saSuali gvaris zmnaTa imave fu- Zis formebs [3,13]. magram rogoradac ar unda aixsnas zemoaRniSnuli paraleluri formebis arseboba, vfiqrobT, maTi Sefaseba mxolod aseTi SeiZleba iyos: saSuali gvaris zmnaTa erTi wyeba Tanamedrove qarTulSi danaklis formebs ivsebs orgvarad: an saTanado moqmedebiTi gvaris i-ani saTaviso qcevis formebiT, an saTanado -d-iani vnebiTis formebiT. am konteqstSi arc is unda daviviwyoT, rom amave zmnebis relatiur formebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini Sesabamisi absoluturi formebisagan mxolod sasxviso qcevis u-niSniT gansxvavdebian /ZigZigebs, _ uZigZigebs, kankalebs _ ukankalebs, frTxialebs – ufrTxialebs, WikWikebs _ uWikWikebs.../, nasesxeb mwkriveb- Si oden pasiuri formebi aqvT, mag.: ugizgizebs, augizgizdeba, augizgizda, ahgizgizebia uqaTqaTebs, auqaTqaTdeba, auqaTqaTda, ahqaTqaTebia umoZravebs, aumoZravdeba, aumoZravda, amoZravebia umoqmedebs, aumoqmeddeba, aumoqmedda, amoqmedebia usrialebs, gausrialdeba, gausrialda, gasrialebia umetyvelebs, aumetyveldeba, aumetyvelda, ametyvelebia uyaraulebs, dauyarauldeba, dauyaraulda, dahyaraulebia uboboqrebs, auboboqrdeba, auboboqrda, aboboqrebia ucimcimebs, aucimcimdeba, aucimcimda, ascimcimebia isic unda aRiniSnos, rom specialur saenaTmecniero literaturaSi miCneulia, rom aseTi warmoebis relatiur medioaqtiur zmnebs sesxebis unari ara aqvT: `erT-piriani medioaqtivis zmnis fuZisagan mraval SemTxvevaSi orpiriani formebic gvaqvs: duRs _ uduRs, dis _ sdis, yars _ uyars, xtis _ uxtis, wuxs _ uwuxs, budobs _ ubudobs, goravs _ ugoravs, frinavs _ ufrinavs, tiris _ utiris, icinis _ ucinis da misT... aseT zmnaTagan sazogadod mxolod erTpirianebs SeuZliaT awarmoon sesxebis gziT yvela mwkrivis formebi, or-piriani formebis xmareba ki Cveulebriv awmyos wris mwkrivebiT aris Semofargluli~ [2,475]. `mxolod nakvTTa awmyos wyebaSi” [4,1428, 1501...] xmarebul zmnebad aris kvalificirebuli es zmnebi `qarTuli enis ganmartebiT leqsikonSic~. vfiqrobT, rom `guli uwuxs~ da `guli Seuwuxda~ erTmaneTis mimarT iseTsave damokidebulebaSia, rogorc `wuxs~ da `Sewuxda~ da am mxriT relatiuri medioaqtivi zmnebi arafriT ar gansxvavdebian absoluturi medioaqtivi zmnebisagan. gansxvaveba mxolod erTia: absoluturi agebulebis medioaqtiuri zmnebi nasesxeb mwkrivebSi an mxolod aqtiur formebs inacvlebs, an aqtiurTan erTad pasiursac; relatiuri agebulebis medioaqtiuri zmnebi ki nasesxeb mwkrivebSi mxolod pasiur formebs inacvleben da a . S a n i Z i s terminebi rom vixmaroT, medioaqtiurni ki ar arian, aramed mxolod mediopasiurni. bunebrivia, rom a . S a n i Z i s a T v i s , rogorc saSuali gvaris zmnebis medioaqtiv da mediopasiv jgufebad dayofis momxrisa da gamtareblisaTvis, arc imas aqvs mniSvneloba, rom zogi saSuali gvaris zmna erTsa da imave dros erTsa da imave mwkrivebSi aqtiur formebsac inacvlebs da pasiursac da arc imas, rom, misi gagebiT, medioaqtiuri zmnebis relatiuri formebis Semavsebeli formebi mxolod pasiuria, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Ziri eTxreba saSuali gvaris zmnebis dayofas medioaqtiv da mediopasiv zmnebad, magram sruliad gaugebaria, ratom ar miiCneva `uwuxs~ da `Seuwuxda~... erTmaneTis monacvle formebad `qarTuli 49
- Page 1 and 2: g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
- Page 3 and 4: S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
- Page 5 and 6: lopis kunZuls niSnavs: Πελοπό
- Page 7 and 8: da, roca qaragmas gavxsniT da Zvel
- Page 9 and 10: merme Camodga S e r T u l T a (*501
- Page 11 and 12: 3. Sexewie bolnisis sionis sakurTxe
- Page 13 and 14: gramatikuli subieqti zogierT gardau
- Page 15 and 16: gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans subieqti
- Page 17 and 18: luri mxare, aramed am zmnebis mniSv
- Page 19 and 20: da, yvarebia, eyvareba; uyvardes, y
- Page 21 and 22: fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia
- Page 23 and 24: Tqmulis Semdeg advili gadasawyvetia
- Page 25 and 26: vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ i
- Page 27 and 28: gardauvalma zmnebma ki sazogadod in
- Page 29 and 30: dinamikurs, kerZod, gamoxatavs dina
- Page 31 and 32: gramatikulma subieqtma sabolood dak
- Page 33 and 34: Tavis adgils. es procesi enis ganvi
- Page 35 and 36: ⎡ i⎤ sga / ska da qa zmniswineb
- Page 37 and 38: gamoekueTa kldisagan (DE mT 27, 60)
- Page 39 and 40: ma- zmniswini yovelgvari asimilacii
- Page 41 and 42: amitom is I piris myofobis areSi ig
- Page 43 and 44: war- zmniswinis zemoaRniSnuli mniSv
- Page 45 and 46: mimarTulebas gadmoscems; mag.: a R
- Page 47: 7. uku-, wiaR-. Zvel qarTulSi iSvia
- Page 51 and 52: lian xSirad aris warmodgenili erTi
- Page 53 and 54: seburi daboloebiTac, magaliTad: ibm
- Page 55 and 56: tipis vnebiTebSic (gaTbnen, aSendne
- Page 57 and 58: g. orpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebis
- Page 59 and 60: zog SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba), magram
- Page 61 and 62: saTvis. asea sil. xundaZesTan, ias.
- Page 63 and 64: 1. awmyosagan iwarmoeba (`awmdgomis
- Page 65 and 66: gan gansxvavebiT, TurmeobiTi meore,
- Page 67 and 68: axsna mecnierebis mizans warmoadgen
- Page 69 and 70: TulSi gvaqvs (ubrZanebies, dauteveb
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- Page 73 and 74: struqciis ganviTarebis meqanizmi? T
- Page 75 and 76: velSi SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos pi
- Page 77 and 78: viCnioT. sailustraciod SeiZleba pir
- Page 79 and 80: nareobs -en sufiqsisagan, romlic zm
- Page 81 and 82: neboda imis codna, -a enacvleba Cve
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- Page 85 and 86: gvaqvs prefiqsiani dinamikuri vnebi
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- Page 91 and 92: moTxr. 278. ukanaskneli valdebuli i
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- Page 95 and 96: meore TurmeobiTis zemoT moyvanilma
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48<br />
elene babunaSvili<br />
saSualo gvaris zmnebTan dakavSirebuli zogi sakiTxisaTvis qarTulSi 1<br />
sayovelTaod cnobili dayofis mixedviT, e.w. saSualo gvaris zmnebi /an, rac faqtiurad<br />
imasve niSnavs, `statikuri gardauvali zmnebi~ /1,052/ iyofa or jgufad: medioaqtivad<br />
da mediopasivad [2, 304]. warmoebis TaviseburebaTa TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT<br />
saintereso suraTs gviCvenebs swored e.w. medioaqtivi, romelic `danaklis<br />
formaTa Sesavsebad Tavisi fuZis moqm. gvaris saTaviso qcevis formebs iyenebs, magram<br />
erTi mniSvnelovani cvlilebiT: pirdapir-obieqturi piris gamoricxviT~ [2,305].<br />
amrigad, arsebobs a . S a n i Z i s myari debuleba, romlis mixedviTac medioaqtivi<br />
zmnebi danaklis formebs ivseben moqmedebiTi gvaris saTaviso qcevis formebiT. amiT<br />
aris gamarTlebuli maTi saxelwodebac _ medioaqtivi zmnebi da amiTve upirispirdeba<br />
es zmnebi e.w. mediopasiv zmnebs. magram saqme isaa, rom am zmnaTa analizi sxvagvar<br />
suraTs warmogvidgens, saxeldobr, didisagan didi umravlesoba aseTi zmnebisa danaklis<br />
formebs moqmedebiTi gvaris formebis paralelurad vnebiTi gvaris formebi-<br />
Tac ivsebs, mag.:<br />
ZagZagebs, iZagZagebs, iZagZaga, uZagZagia, magram:<br />
ZagZagebs, aZagZagdeba, aZagZagda, aZagZagebula.<br />
wkavwkavebs, iwkavwkavebs, iwkavwkava, uwkavwkavia, magram:<br />
wkavwkavebs, awkavwkavdeba, awkavwkavda, awkavwkavebula.<br />
cekvavs, icekvebs, icekva, ucekvia, magram:<br />
cekvavs, acekvdeba, acekvda, acekvebula.<br />
laparakobs, ilaparakebs, ilaparaka, ulaparakia, magram:<br />
laparakobs, alaparakdeba, alaparakda, alaparakebula.<br />
wrialebs, iwrialebs, iwriala, uwrialia, magram:<br />
wrialebs, awrialdeba, awrialda, awrialebula.<br />
knavis, iknavlebs, iknavla, uknavlia, magram:<br />
knavis, aknavldeba, aknavlda, aknavlebula.<br />
yefs, iyefebs, iyefa, uyefia, magram:<br />
yefs, ayefdeba, ayefda, ayefebula.<br />
bunebrivia, rom es movlena SeumCneveli ar darCenila qarTuli enis mkvlevarTaTvis:<br />
`aris SemTxvevebi, rom saSuali enacvleba vnebiTs, es xdeba usruli aspeqtis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, mag., `aduRebs~ zmnis sapirispirod saSualic gvaqvs /`duRs~/ da vnebi-<br />
Tic /`duRdeba~/, magram vnebiTi gvaris formaTa xmareba sruli aspeqtis SemTxvevebiTYamoiwureba<br />
/aduRdeba, aduRda, aduRebula da sxva/; rac Seexeba usrul aspeqts,<br />
aq vnebiTis magivrobas mediumi eweva: duRs, duRda, duRdes, iduRebs, iduRa, uduRnia.<br />
wyalma i d u R a , i d u R a da bolos a d u R d a ~ [2, 305]. `statikur erTpirians _ yvavis,<br />
dums, wuxs, Civis, cxovrobs _PsakuTari fuZisagan ewarmoeba mxolod awmyo, namyo<br />
usruli da kavSirebiTi pirveli. namyo ZiriTadSi nasesxebi nakvTebi gvaqvs. es nasesxebi<br />
nakvTebi dinamikuri zmnebisaa; saxeldobr, esaa an -d-iani vnebiTi /ayvavda,<br />
dadumda _ ayvavdeba, dadumdeba zmnebisa/, an i-TavsarTiani warmoeba gardamavali<br />
zmnebisa /icxovra, iCivla _ icxovrebs, iCivlebs zmnebisa/, anda paraleluri warmoeba<br />
-d-iani vnebiTisa da i-ani gardamavali zmnisa /Sewuxda da iwuxa/” [1,072-073].<br />
savsebiT samarTlianad gveCveneba a . S a n i Z i s mosazreba, rom gansxvaveba pasiur<br />
da aqtiur formebs /e. i. -d-ian warmoebasa da i-an warmoebas Soris aspeqturia: vnebi-<br />
Ti, marTlac, sruli aspeqtis gagebas Seicavs, i-ani saTaviso ki _ usrulisas. Cveni<br />
mxriT isic SeiZleba davumatoT, rom garkveul zmnur fuZeebTan gansxvaveba wminda<br />
1 Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis Sromebi, 267, 1986.
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