q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
e) axal qarTulSi Se- zmniswini gadmoscems zeviTa mimarTulebasac 18 ; mag.: urems S e u g d e s (yazb. 34). Renerals moarTves Cinebuli cxeni, romelzedac S e b r Z a n d a (iqve, 116); zecas Sestyorcnis (Wola, 40) da sxv. es mniSvneloba kargad daculia SeRma zmnisarTSic, romelsac daRma upirispirdeba. mniSvnelobis mxriv Se- zmniswins gan- upirispirdeba. gan- aRniSnavs: a) moZraobis mimarTulebas Signidan gareT; mag.: da g a n v i d a taZrisa misgan (C iov. 8, 59)... xolo raJams suli arawmindaÁ g a n v i d i s k a c i s a g a n . . . (DE mT 12, 43); ganasxa sulebi igi (C mT 8, 16); ganÃades igi gare (C iov. 9, 34).. gamovida... saxlsa misgan (mT 13, 1); g a m o h y v a n d a igi taZriT (SuS. IX2). b) war- zmniswinis msgavsad, gan- zogjer mi- zmniswinTan saziaro funqcias avlens; gadmoscems aqedan iqeT mimarTulebas; mag.: ganyo Ãeli da Seaxo mas (l 5, 13); Sdr. m i y o Ãeli misi da Seaxo mas (mrk 1, 41); munquesve Ãeli g a n u x a r a yl˜Ta (saba asur. 17). g) sxva zmniswinTagan gan-is funqcia imiT gansxvavdeba, rom igi zogjer iseT mniSvnelobas gadmoscems, romelic garkveul mimarTulebas ar gulisxmobs. aRniSnavs mocilebas, moSorebas da amave funqciiT Tandebuladac ixmareba; mag.: coli Seni gandgomil ars Sengan (SuS. IV9); g a n e t e v a wmidaÁ SuSanik (iqve, VI20); da viTarca g a n e S o r n e s igini... (C mT 2, 13); aRmoiRe igi da g a n a g d e Sengan (DE mT 5, 29). 4. aR-, da-. es ori zmniswini funqciiT urTierTs upirispirdeba ara marto zmneb- Si, aramed zmnisarTebSic, gvaqvs: aR-marT _ da-marT (aqedan: aRmarTi _ daRmarTi). egeve zmniswinebi fuZiseul masaladaa gamoyenebuli SedarebiTi xarisxis warmoebisas: u-aR-res-i _ u-da-res-i 19 . aR- zmniswini Sedis agreTve wi-aR-sa 20 da m-aR-n-ar-Si 21 . da-s pirvandel saxed dab aris miCneuli da warmoSobiT igivea, rac svanuri db (`yana~, `saxnavi miwa~) da megruli dob-er-a || dob-ir-a (`saxnavi miwa~) 22 . egeve dab daculia sxvaganac: m-dab-al-i (Sdr. m-aR-al-i), dab-a... dab-n-eb-i... u-dab-n-o... m-dab-i-o... mdab-ur... m-dab-or 23 ... aR- zmniswinSi R adreve daikarga. Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ukve gvxvdeba marto a-s xmarebis SemTxvevebi; mag.: rameTu a S e n e b T Tquen saflavebsa mas (C mT 23, 29); rad a h Ãs n i T kicusa magas (iqve, mrk 9, 5) a Ãd a navsa (iqve, 4, 1)... da samareni a e x u - nes... (iqve, mT 27, 52) aiRe (h. t. 371), amaRldes (iqve, 373). ufro xSiria aR- zmniswinis R Tanxmovnis dakargvis SemTxvevebi e. w. saSuali qarTulis ZeglebSi. igi ikargeba rogorc TanxmovaniT, ise xmovniT dawyebul zmneb- Si; mag.: aÃades (Sahn. II, 411), adeg (visr. 128), a v s i l iyo (iqve, 32) amaRlda (sibrZne sicr. 17), amovida (Sahn. I, 3172), amoigdo (amirandarej. 5), aages (iqve, 31), aiRon (Teimuraz II, 65), aiyvanes (visr. 14), aevseboda (Sahn. I, 2559) da sxv. amJamad Zveli saxiT SemorCenilia zogierT zmnasa da saxelzmnaSi, mag.: aRniSna, aRzarda... aRSfoTeba, aRdgena, aRmosavleTi da sxv. aR- yovelTvis sruli saxiT gvxvdeba aRiareba-Si, Zvel qarTulSi ki, piriqiT, am zmnaSi R xSirad Camocilebuli iyo; mag.: a g i a r e b Sen (mT 11, 25); a u v a r e b d e s codvaTa maTTa (C mT 3, 6); romelman a m i a r o s me winaSe kacTa (iqve, 10, 32). aR- zmniswini qvevidan zeviT moZraobas aRniSnavs, da- ki, piriqiT, zevidan qveviT 18 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 251. 19 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 254; arn. Ciqobava, saxeli fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTveler enebSi, gv. 26. 20 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, gv. 255. 21 a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 26. 22 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 254; arn. Ciqobava, saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 27. 23 a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 15-16. 44
mimarTulebas gadmoscems; mag.: a R v i d a mTasa (mT 5, 1); upyra Ãeli da a R a d g i n a igi (mrk 1, 31); maSin... aRmoiyvana... udabnod (DE mT 4, 1); aRmovidoda wylisa misgan (mT 3, 16)... romelime d a v a r d a gzasa zeda (iqve, 13, 14); SeTxzes gჳrgჳni ekal- Tagan da d a a d g e s Tavsa missa (iov. 19, 2); d a m o à e d magier (x. t. 385); cremlni... d a m o s d i o d e s (saba asur. 10); d a m o v i d o d a igi mier mTiT (C mT 8, 1); da maskulavni zeciT d a m o c ჳv n e b u l iyvnen (iqve, mrk 13, 25)... amJamad rTuli damo- zmniswini aRar gvxvdeba, igi SemorCenilia mxolod damokidebul-Si da misgan warmoqmnil sityvebSi. misi adgili Camo- zmniswinma daiWira. mimarTulebis gadmocemis SesaZlebloba da- zmniswinisa sxvebTan SedarebiT ufro SezRudulia. es igrZnoba ara marto Tanamedrove saliteraturo enaSi, aramed arsebiTad ase iyo Zvel qarTulSic. erTi mxriT, Tu am zmniswins mimarTulebis aRniSvnis funqcia TandaTan Camoscilda da Ca-s daekisra, meore mxriT, man gaiCina meoreuli mniSvneloba. meoreulia moqmedebis intesiobis aRniSvna, rac pirdapiri obieqtis simravlis gamoxatvaSi mdgomareobs24 . Zvel qarTulSi da-s es funqcia ar gaaCnda, radgan pirdapiri obieqtis mravlobiTobas zmnaSi specialuri formanti (en, n) gadmoscemda. e. w. saSual qarTulSi, roca es formanti xmarebidan gadavarda, nawilobriv da-s daekisra es funqcia. am mniSvnelobiT da- zmniswins xSirad vxvdebiT, magaliTad, `vefxistyaosanSi~; mag.: yvela kai d a a m d i d r e T , saboZvriTa aavseniT (164); misi yvelai d a m o s a . . . (682); d a v k a z m e T navi, katarRa da ricxvi spaTa jarisa (613). da- zmniswini am funqciiT amJamad qarTuli enis aRmosavlur kiloebSi ufro xSirad gvevlineba: mag.: d a à k a z m a v s ÃarT (xevs.); nafexurebi d a z o m a ; taqnebi d a a v - so (qarTluri); qalebi daaTxova (kaxuri) da sxv. yvela am zmnasTan da- sxva zmniswiniT Seicvleba, Tuki obieqti mxoloobiTSi iqneba: gaamdidra, Semosa, SevkazmeT, gazoma, aavso, gaaTxova da sxv. da- zmniswinis Tavisebureba imaSic mdgomareobs, rom erTsa da imave zmnaSi mniSvnelobis Seucvlelad igi zogjer sxva zmniswins inacvlebs xolme; mag.: g a n u k  r d e - boda ersa mas (mT 7, 28) _ d a u k  r d e b o d a ersa mas (iqve, 9, 13); ixiles igi da g a - n u k  r d a (l 2, 48) _ ixiles raÁ ese erman man, d a u k  r d a (mT 9, 8); igini S e w u x - n e s friad (mT 17, 23) _ d a w u x n e s friad (C mT 26, 22); esma raÁ ese mas, S e w u x n a (iqve, l 18, 23) _ igi d a w u x n a sityuasa mas zeda (iqve, mrk 10, 22); gulni maTni S e - s u l e b u l iyvnes (iqve, 6, 52) _ iyvnes gulni maTni d a s u l e b u l (DE) da sxv. 5. STa-. samecniero literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom es zmniswini warmoSobiT rTulia, warmomdgaria Se- da da- zmniswinis SeerTebiT: Se+da→Sda→STa→Ca. yvela fonetikuri procesi (xmovnis reduqcia, asimilacia, TanxmovanTa Serwyma) Zvel qarTulSive Catarda. am periodis ZeglebSi STa- zmniswini Ca-s saxiTac gvxvdeba; mag.: C a v i - d e s mdinared wmidad iordaned (kim. I, 4); aRiRo astami da uxeTqna mas Tavsa, da C a - h f l a , da Tuali erTi daubuSta (SuS. VI15_16); `ismine Cemi da C a m o v e d taZrad...~ (iqve, XIII 13_14). am saxiT igi mtkiced fexs ikidebs meTerTmete saukunidan da sabolood batondeba kidec. mas Semdeg, rac Ca- miviReT, STa- erTbaSad ar gamosula xmarebidan. Ca-s paralelurad igi dasturdeba saSuali saukuneebis ZeglebSi; mag.: daaSTves da S T a a g d e s ormoSi (sibrZne sicr. 139); budesa... S T a x d e s (qilila da dam. 17); budeTa S T a x d e - b o d a (iqve, 30). Sdr. C a i v s o mzesa Tana (visr. 25); C a j d a xomaldsa (sibrZne sicr. 12); mdinaresa C a y a r a (iqve, 10); C a i d v a Cemze avi guli (rusudan. 1016). Zveli saxiT es zmniswini ukanasknel xanebamdisac SemogvrCa rig zmnebsa da nazmnar saxelebSi; mag.: STa-goneba, STa-momavloba, STa-beWdileba, STa-nTqmuli. Zvel qarTulSi kargad igrZnoboda STa-Si Serwymuli orive zmniswinis (Se+da) 24 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 248-249. 45
- Page 1 and 2: g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
- Page 3 and 4: S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
- Page 5 and 6: lopis kunZuls niSnavs: Πελοπό
- Page 7 and 8: da, roca qaragmas gavxsniT da Zvel
- Page 9 and 10: merme Camodga S e r T u l T a (*501
- Page 11 and 12: 3. Sexewie bolnisis sionis sakurTxe
- Page 13 and 14: gramatikuli subieqti zogierT gardau
- Page 15 and 16: gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans subieqti
- Page 17 and 18: luri mxare, aramed am zmnebis mniSv
- Page 19 and 20: da, yvarebia, eyvareba; uyvardes, y
- Page 21 and 22: fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia
- Page 23 and 24: Tqmulis Semdeg advili gadasawyvetia
- Page 25 and 26: vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ i
- Page 27 and 28: gardauvalma zmnebma ki sazogadod in
- Page 29 and 30: dinamikurs, kerZod, gamoxatavs dina
- Page 31 and 32: gramatikulma subieqtma sabolood dak
- Page 33 and 34: Tavis adgils. es procesi enis ganvi
- Page 35 and 36: ⎡ i⎤ sga / ska da qa zmniswineb
- Page 37 and 38: gamoekueTa kldisagan (DE mT 27, 60)
- Page 39 and 40: ma- zmniswini yovelgvari asimilacii
- Page 41 and 42: amitom is I piris myofobis areSi ig
- Page 43: war- zmniswinis zemoaRniSnuli mniSv
- Page 47 and 48: 7. uku-, wiaR-. Zvel qarTulSi iSvia
- Page 49 and 50: Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, ker
- Page 51 and 52: lian xSirad aris warmodgenili erTi
- Page 53 and 54: seburi daboloebiTac, magaliTad: ibm
- Page 55 and 56: tipis vnebiTebSic (gaTbnen, aSendne
- Page 57 and 58: g. orpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebis
- Page 59 and 60: zog SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba), magram
- Page 61 and 62: saTvis. asea sil. xundaZesTan, ias.
- Page 63 and 64: 1. awmyosagan iwarmoeba (`awmdgomis
- Page 65 and 66: gan gansxvavebiT, TurmeobiTi meore,
- Page 67 and 68: axsna mecnierebis mizans warmoadgen
- Page 69 and 70: TulSi gvaqvs (ubrZanebies, dauteveb
- Page 71 and 72: Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ar mogvepov
- Page 73 and 74: struqciis ganviTarebis meqanizmi? T
- Page 75 and 76: velSi SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos pi
- Page 77 and 78: viCnioT. sailustraciod SeiZleba pir
- Page 79 and 80: nareobs -en sufiqsisagan, romlic zm
- Page 81 and 82: neboda imis codna, -a enacvleba Cve
- Page 83 and 84: umTavresad e, ufro iSviaTad o/i rig
- Page 85 and 86: gvaqvs prefiqsiani dinamikuri vnebi
- Page 87 and 88: 87 ivane qavTaraZe dro-kiloTa mesam
- Page 89 and 90: Ruawli keTili mogiRuawebies: xanZT.
- Page 91 and 92: moTxr. 278. ukanaskneli valdebuli i
- Page 93 and 94: aq moeyarnaT Tavi alvanel mwyemsebs
e) axal qarTulSi Se- zmniswini gadmoscems zeviTa mimarTulebasac 18 ; mag.: urems<br />
S e u g d e s (yazb. 34). Renerals moarTves Cinebuli cxeni, romelzedac S e b r Z a n d a<br />
(iqve, 116); zecas Sestyorcnis (Wola, 40) da sxv. es mniSvneloba kargad daculia<br />
SeRma zmnisarTSic, romelsac daRma upirispirdeba.<br />
mniSvnelobis mxriv Se- zmniswins gan- upirispirdeba.<br />
gan- aRniSnavs:<br />
a) moZraobis mimarTulebas Signidan gareT; mag.: da g a n v i d a taZrisa misgan (C<br />
iov. 8, 59)... xolo raJams suli arawmindaÁ g a n v i d i s k a c i s a g a n . . . (DE mT 12, 43);<br />
ganasxa sulebi igi (C mT 8, 16); ganÃades igi gare (C iov. 9, 34).. gamovida...<br />
saxlsa misgan (mT 13, 1); g a m o h y v a n d a igi taZriT (SuS. IX2).<br />
b) war- zmniswinis msgavsad, gan- zogjer mi- zmniswinTan saziaro funqcias avlens;<br />
gadmoscems aqedan iqeT mimarTulebas; mag.: ganyo Ãeli da Seaxo mas (l 5,<br />
13); Sdr. m i y o Ãeli misi da Seaxo mas (mrk 1, 41); munquesve Ãeli g a n u x a r a yl˜Ta<br />
(saba asur. 17).<br />
g) sxva zmniswinTagan gan-is funqcia imiT gansxvavdeba, rom igi zogjer iseT mniSvnelobas<br />
gadmoscems, romelic garkveul mimarTulebas ar gulisxmobs. aRniSnavs<br />
mocilebas, moSorebas da amave funqciiT Tandebuladac ixmareba; mag.: coli Seni<br />
gandgomil ars Sengan (SuS. IV9); g a n e t e v a wmidaÁ SuSanik (iqve, VI20); da viTarca<br />
g a n e S o r n e s igini... (C mT 2, 13); aRmoiRe igi da g a n a g d e Sengan (DE mT 5, 29).<br />
4. aR-, da-. es ori zmniswini funqciiT urTierTs upirispirdeba ara marto zmneb-<br />
Si, aramed zmnisarTebSic, gvaqvs: aR-marT _ da-marT (aqedan: aRmarTi _ daRmarTi).<br />
egeve zmniswinebi fuZiseul masaladaa gamoyenebuli SedarebiTi xarisxis warmoebisas:<br />
u-aR-res-i _ u-da-res-i 19 . aR- zmniswini Sedis agreTve wi-aR-sa 20 da m-aR-n-ar-Si 21 .<br />
da-s pirvandel saxed dab aris miCneuli da warmoSobiT igivea, rac svanuri db<br />
(`yana~, `saxnavi miwa~) da megruli dob-er-a || dob-ir-a (`saxnavi miwa~) 22 . egeve dab daculia<br />
sxvaganac: m-dab-al-i (Sdr. m-aR-al-i), dab-a... dab-n-eb-i... u-dab-n-o... m-dab-i-o... mdab-ur...<br />
m-dab-or 23 ...<br />
aR- zmniswinSi R adreve daikarga. Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ukve gvxvdeba marto<br />
a-s xmarebis SemTxvevebi; mag.: rameTu a S e n e b T Tquen saflavebsa mas (C mT 23, 29);<br />
rad a h Ãs n i T kicusa magas (iqve, mrk 9, 5) a Ãd a navsa (iqve, 4, 1)... da samareni a e x u -<br />
nes... (iqve, mT 27, 52) aiRe (h. t. 371), amaRldes (iqve, 373).<br />
ufro xSiria aR- zmniswinis R Tanxmovnis dakargvis SemTxvevebi e. w. saSuali<br />
qarTulis ZeglebSi. igi ikargeba rogorc TanxmovaniT, ise xmovniT dawyebul zmneb-<br />
Si; mag.: aÃades (Sahn. II, 411), adeg (visr. 128), a v s i l iyo (iqve, 32) amaRlda (sibrZne<br />
sicr. 17), amovida (Sahn. I, 3172), amoigdo (amirandarej. 5), aages (iqve, 31), aiRon (Teimuraz<br />
II, 65), aiyvanes (visr. 14), aevseboda (Sahn. I, 2559) da sxv.<br />
amJamad Zveli saxiT SemorCenilia zogierT zmnasa da saxelzmnaSi, mag.: aRniSna,<br />
aRzarda... aRSfoTeba, aRdgena, aRmosavleTi da sxv. aR- yovelTvis sruli saxiT<br />
gvxvdeba aRiareba-Si, Zvel qarTulSi ki, piriqiT, am zmnaSi R xSirad Camocilebuli<br />
iyo; mag.: a g i a r e b Sen (mT 11, 25); a u v a r e b d e s codvaTa maTTa (C mT 3, 6); romelman<br />
a m i a r o s me winaSe kacTa (iqve, 10, 32).<br />
aR- zmniswini qvevidan zeviT moZraobas aRniSnavs, da- ki, piriqiT, zevidan qveviT<br />
18 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 251.<br />
19 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 254; arn. Ciqobava, saxeli fuZis<br />
uZvelesi agebuleba qarTveler enebSi, gv. 26.<br />
20 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, gv. 255.<br />
21 a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 26.<br />
22 a . S a n i Z e , qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, I, gv. 254; arn. Ciqobava, saxelis fuZis<br />
uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 27.<br />
23 a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba, gv. 15-16.<br />
44