q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

formaciulobis zrda, rac, Tavis mxriv, iwvevs logikuri msjelobisa Tu modaluri
niuansebis Semcvel winadadebaTa Tu SesityvebaTa momravlebas, sasaubro enis nakadis
metad SemoWras saliteraturo enaSi da sxv.).
erTsac SevniSnavT: Zveli qarTuli saliteraturo enis teqstebi isev Sesaswavli
Cans am TvalsazrisiT. sayuradReboa, magaliTad:
1) d. meliqiSvilis dakvirvebebi Zvel naTargmn ZeglebSi berZnuli nawilakebis
Sesatyvisi nawilakebis (sadame / sadme / same, nuukue, nuume...) gamoyenebaze sakavSirebel
sityvebad. am nawilakebis gamoyenebas zogjer, mkvlevris azriT, mxolod formaluri,
stiluri daniSnuleba aqvs, da am `metnobiTi~ kavSirebis amoRebiT azrs `daSla
da vneba ar SeemTxveva~ (anton I) 18 . swored amgvari `Sinaarsisagan daclili~
sityvebi Seadgens CarTulTa erT fenas 19 .
2) l. SalvaSvilis dakvirveba Tavad zmnisarTze. rogorc avtori aRniSnavs,
,,sulxan-saba orbelianisa da misi drois literaturuli Zeglebis enaSi Tavad gavrcelebulia
jer, jer erTi, jer iyo da, isec, isedac, Tavidan, pirvelad, uwin...
zmnizedebisa da zmnizeduri wyvilebis SinaarsiT~ 20 . mkvlevars mohyavs aseTi winadadebebi:
`Tavad im saxlis agebuleba gvikvirda da mere imdeni feri sakravi da Tama-
Soba~ (`rusudaniani~); `Tavad morCena uxaroda [Rors) da mere is alagi moewona, Caliani,
tyiani da bevri xiliani~ (`Timsariani~); yvela gviSlida cotas naviT wasvlas.
Tavad avi saRelavi adgili iyo, merme _ eTiopisa da osmalos mekobre mravali (sulxan-saba
orbeliani, `mogzauroba evropaSi~) 21 . am winadadebebSi Tavad [= jer erTi]
zmnisarTi, vfiqrobT, intonaciurad gamoyofilia winadadebis wevrebisagan da Car-
Tulis funqcias asrulebs...
rogorc zemoTac aRiniSna, CarTuli sityvebi gramatikulad araerTgvarovania.
CarTulad gvxvdeba rogorc srulmniSvnelovani sityvebi (zmna, zmnisarTi), ise damxmare
(nawilaki, kavSiri, Sorisdebuli). maT, Cveulebriv, stilistikur-semantikuri
funqciebis mixedviT ajgufeben. aseTi dajgufebisas erTmaneTis gverdiT xvdeba, magaliTad,
zmnuri formis sityvebi _ Cans, etyoba, mgoni || vgoneb da nawilaki albaT
(agreTve gamoTqmebi vin icis, vin uwyis, RmerTma uwyis...), romlebic saeWvo-saegebios
xdian miRebul informacias an gamoxataven mTqmelis eWvnarev dasturs winadadebaSi
gamoTqmuli azris mimarT; anda _ zmnisarTi amgvarad, da kavSiri maSasadame, romlebic
gamoxataven `damokidebulebas win gamoTqmul azrTan~ (a. SaniZe) da a. S. CarTulad
gamoyenebuli sityvebis sintaqsuri funqciebis gasarkvevad ki, imis gasarkvevad,
Tu rogor icvleba zogierTi sityvis funqcia sintaqsuri pirobebis Sesabamisad,
upirveles yovlisa, aucilebelia maTi gramatikuli dajgufeba. cal-calke Cans gansaxilveli
CarTulis funqciis mqone zmnisarTebi, nawilakebi, zmnis piriani formebi,
Sedgenili Semasmenlis formis mqone sityvebi...
Cveni dakvirvebebic swored amgvari dajgufebiTaa warmodgenili.
1. CarTulis funqciis mqone zmnisarTebi
rogorc cnobilia, CarTul sityvebad umetesad viTarebis an zoma-odenobis zmnisarTebi
gvxvdeba, e. i. zmnisarTebi, romlebsac modaluri Sinaarsi aqvT da winadadebis
ZiriTad SemadgenlobaSi viTarebis garemoebis sintaqsur rols asruleben.
viTarebis garemoebis adgili winadadebaSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, mkacrad gansazRvrulia.
saTanado gamokvlevebSi aRniSnulia, rom `saliteraturo enaSi viTarebis da
18 d . m e l i q i S v i l i , zogi sakavSirebeli sityvisa da nawilakis warmomavlobisaTvis...
`macne~, enisa da lit. seria, #2, 1984, gv. 99.
19 Tanamedrove qarTul saliteraturo enaSi aseT `metnobiT~ kavSirebad gvevlineba zogjer
da mainc, arada (xSir SemTxvevaSi ki maTi xmareba garkveuli stiluri elferis Semcvelia).
20 l . S a l v a S v i l i , `sibrZne-sicruisas~ dasawyisis gagebisaTvis, `qarTuli ena da literatura
skolaSi~, #1-2, 1985, gv. 66.
21 l. SalvaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 67.
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