q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
iseTsave urTierTobaSia erTmaneTTan, rogorc iswavlis _ uswavlia, aSenebs _ uSenebia, akeTebs _ ukeTebia, acxobs _ ucxvia, iwyebs _ uwyia da misT., e. i. rogorc esenia erTisa da imaves, zmnis formebi, ise icis _ scodnia erTisa da imave zmnis formebia. aqedan is daskvna gamodis, rom winadadeba `vanos durgloba scodnia~ sintaqsurad imgvaradve unda Sefasdes, rogorc `vanom durgloba icis~, e. i. subieqtia `vanos~, pird. obieqtia `durgloba~. amitom «vefxis-tyaosnis» am taepSi: `Cemni saqmeni yovelni gcodnian~ (151) `saqmeni~ pird. damateba iqneba. `mcodnia~ zmna formis mixedviT dgas gardauval zmnaTa rigebSi: werili momsvlia, cxeni damkargvia, Tma gamTeTrebia da misT. miuxedavad amisa, mas aqtiuri gageba aqvs, radganac `vicis~ enacvleba III seriaSi da Tanac mas araferi udgas sapirispirod, rom gardauvalad vicnaT igi, rogorc es amave warmoebis zmnebs aqvT: dahkargvia _ daukargavs, dahmalvia _ daumalavs da misT. SeiZleba miTxran: `arc dahkvdomia~-s udgas raime pirispir da ratom aqtiurad ar gvesmis igio? amaze unda vupasuxoT: imitom, rom I da II seriis mwkrivebSi mas isev vnebiTis formebTan aqvs kavSiri: daakvdeba, daakvda. SeniSvna: megruli `miCq~ (`vici~) da svanuri `mixal~ (`vici~) yvela seriaSi erTnairad ikeTeben formebs. amitom isini yvelgan gardauval zmnaTa rigebSi dganan. moaqvs _ moitans. es zmnebi erTmaneTs enacvlebian I seriis mwkrivebSi: moaqvs _ moitans, mohqonda _ moitanda, mohqondes _ moitandes. II seriaSi marto `moitans~ zmnis formebi ixmareba: moitana, moitanos. III seriaSi erTic ixmareba da meorec (aspeqtis mixedviT): mohqonebia _ moutania da sxva. msgavsive Senacvlebaa amave fuZeebis zmnebisa sxva zmniswinebiTac; Seaqvs _ Seitans, gaaqvs _ gaitans, gadaaqvs _ gadaitans da sxva. oRond `daaqvs~ ucaloa: igi marto awmyos wris mwkrivebSi ixmareba da sxvagan araferi enacvleba. erTi SeniSvna kidev: mo da mi zmniswiniT xmarebisas `aqvs~ zmnas meore fuZis zmna enacvleba: moaqvs _ wamoiRebs _ moitans; miaqvs _ waiRebs _ miitans. `moaqvs~ igive zmnaa, rac `aqvs~, oRond zmniswinis darTviT leqsikuri mniSvneloba ecvala, xolo sintaqsuri urTierToba saxelebTan iseTive SehrCa, rogoric hqonda: vanos SeSa aqvs, vanos SeSa moaqvs. miuxedavad amisa, `moaqvs~ iseTi zmnaa, romelsac vunacvlebT gardamaval zmnas: vanos SeSa moaqvs _ vano SeSas moitans, vanom SeSa moitana. azrobliv es zmnebi erTsa da imaves aRniSnaven da, es rom ar iyos, maTi Senacvlebac SeuZlebeli iqneboda. aqedan is daskvna gamodis, rom `moaqvs~ gardamaval zmnaTa rigebSia Cayenebuli da, maSasadame, mas ise unda SevxedoT, rogorc III seriis formebs gardamvali zmnebisas: vanos SeSa moutania _ vanos SeSa moaqvs. masTan Sewyobili saxelebic er- Tnairad unda miviCnioT sintaqsuri viTarebis mixedviT: `vanos SeSa moutania~ _ qvemdebarea `vanos~, pirdapiri damatebaa `SeSa~. `vanos SeSa moaqvs~ _ qvemdebarea `vanos~, pirdapiri damatebaa `SeSa~. mohyavs _ moiyvans. `aqvs~ zmna usulo sagnebze iTqmis, sulier sagnebze Tua saubari, mas `hyavs~ enacvleba: `saxli aqvs~, magram `cxeni hyavs~. es zmnac dairTavs zmniswinebs: mohyavs, mihyavs, gadahyavs, gahyavs, gamohyavs da sxva. es zmnebi marto awmyos wreSi ixmareba, sxvagan ki enacvleba yvan fuZisagan imave zmniswiniT nawarmoebi zmnebi: mohyavs _ wamoiyvans, moiyvans, mihyavs _ waiyvans, miiyvans, gahyavs _ gaiyvans da sxv. Senacvleba aqac imave xasiaTisaa, rogorc moaqvs_moitans zmnaTa SemTxvevaSi. aqac daSorebaa formisa da Sinaarsisa, magram gramatikuli formis kvalifikaciis dros gamovdivarT Sinaarsidan da ara formidan, amitom aqac igive viTareba gveqneba, rac `moaqvs~ zmnaze vnaxeT: vanos cxeni mouyvania _ vanos cxeni mohyavs. orsave Sem- TxvevaSi qvemdebarea `vanos~, `cxeni~ ki pirdapiri damateba iqneba. maSasadame, `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ formebi enas gaTanabrebuli aqvs gardamaval zmnaTa III seriis formebTan, sadac inversias aqvs adgili. amis mixedviT SegviZlia 24
vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ inversiuli zmnebiao, sxvaTa Sesaxeb ki amisi Tqma ar SeiZleba. P. S. 25 dekemberi 1952 w. es narkvevi dawerilia 1952 wels. mas Semdeg azri aRniSnuli gramatikuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb ar Semcvlia, oRond damatebiT unda vTqva oriode sityva. qarTulSi metad Taviseburi viTareba Seiqna imis wyalobiT, rom gardamavali zmnis formebs III seriis mwkrivebSi gardauvali Seenacvla da aqtiur formebs _ pasiuri, rasac Tavis dros h. SuxarTi aqcevda yuradRebas. amis gamo gardamaval zmna- Ta irib-obieqturma pirma III seriis mwkrivTa formebSi subieqtis gamoxatvis Zala moipova da amis Sedegad maTTan micemiTSi dasmul saxels gramatikul subieqtad aRviqvamT, saxelobiTSi dasmuls ki _ pirdapir obieqtad. Cven Tanabrad vunacvlebT III seriis formebs I da II seriisas ara marto gardauval zmnebSi, aramed gardamavleb- Sic; mag., `qals winda mouqsovia~ iseTive azris gadmomcemia sintaqsurad, rogorisac `qali windas moqsovs~ da `qalma winda moqsova~. am sam winadadebaSi gramatikuli formebi sxvdasxvanairia, sintaqsuri urTierToba ki _ erTnairi. subieqtma da pirdapirma obieqtma brunvebi icvala, sintaqsuri viTreba ki igive darCa. es brunva-cvalebadoba zmnis struqturaze aris damokidebuli, an, ufro sworad rom vTqvaT, zmnis struqturasTan aris Sefardebuli. subieqtisa da pirdapiri obieqtis brunva-cvalebadoba qarTuli enis damaxasiaTebeli niSania da msgavsi ram sxva tipis enebSi ar moipoveba. Tu romelime inversiuli forma, warmoSobiT gardauvali, vTqvaT, `momiqsovia~, gardamavlad gvesmis, es imitom, rom igi Senacvlebis gziT gardamavalTa rigebSia Cayenebuli: movqsov windas, movqsove winda, momiqsovia winda. da, Tu igive forma, warmoSobiT pasivi, aqtiurad gvesmis, es imitom, rom igi, erTi mxriT, aqtiur forma- Ta rigebSi gveguleba (movqsov _ movqsove _ momiqsovia), meore mxriT ki igi upirispirdeba formas, romelic pasivia: winda momiqsovia _ winda momqsovia. sazogadod, roca romelime zmnis formas winadadebaSi viRebT da mas sintaqsurad ganvixilavT masTan Sewyobil saxelebTan urTierTobaSi, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs am zmnis formaTa warmoeba ara marto erTs mwkrivsa da erTs seriaSi, aramed yvela seriis mwkrivebSi. amitomaa, rom aSkarad gardauvali `momyavs~ gardamavlad warmogvidgeba imis gamo, rom mas enacvleba gardamavali zmnis formebi: moviyvan _ moviyvane. aseTive Senacvlebis gamoa, rom udaod gardauvali warmoebis forma `mcodnia~ gardamavlad warmogvidgeba `vici~-s gverdiT, xolo masTan saxelobiTSi Sewyobili saxeli _ pirdapir obieqtad: wera-kiTxva vici, wera-kiTxva mcodnia 25 . 25 es azria gatarebuli `vici~, `momaqvs~ da `momyavs~ zmnebis Sesaxeb l. kvaWaZis `qarTuli enis sintaqsSi~, romelic Cemi redaqciiT gamovida (pirveli gamocema, 1956, gv. 47; meore gamocema, 1958, gv. 61).
- Page 1 and 2: g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
- Page 3 and 4: S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
- Page 5 and 6: lopis kunZuls niSnavs: Πελοπό
- Page 7 and 8: da, roca qaragmas gavxsniT da Zvel
- Page 9 and 10: merme Camodga S e r T u l T a (*501
- Page 11 and 12: 3. Sexewie bolnisis sionis sakurTxe
- Page 13 and 14: gramatikuli subieqti zogierT gardau
- Page 15 and 16: gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans subieqti
- Page 17 and 18: luri mxare, aramed am zmnebis mniSv
- Page 19 and 20: da, yvarebia, eyvareba; uyvardes, y
- Page 21 and 22: fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia
- Page 23: Tqmulis Semdeg advili gadasawyvetia
- Page 27 and 28: gardauvalma zmnebma ki sazogadod in
- Page 29 and 30: dinamikurs, kerZod, gamoxatavs dina
- Page 31 and 32: gramatikulma subieqtma sabolood dak
- Page 33 and 34: Tavis adgils. es procesi enis ganvi
- Page 35 and 36: ⎡ i⎤ sga / ska da qa zmniswineb
- Page 37 and 38: gamoekueTa kldisagan (DE mT 27, 60)
- Page 39 and 40: ma- zmniswini yovelgvari asimilacii
- Page 41 and 42: amitom is I piris myofobis areSi ig
- Page 43 and 44: war- zmniswinis zemoaRniSnuli mniSv
- Page 45 and 46: mimarTulebas gadmoscems; mag.: a R
- Page 47 and 48: 7. uku-, wiaR-. Zvel qarTulSi iSvia
- Page 49 and 50: Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, ker
- Page 51 and 52: lian xSirad aris warmodgenili erTi
- Page 53 and 54: seburi daboloebiTac, magaliTad: ibm
- Page 55 and 56: tipis vnebiTebSic (gaTbnen, aSendne
- Page 57 and 58: g. orpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebis
- Page 59 and 60: zog SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba), magram
- Page 61 and 62: saTvis. asea sil. xundaZesTan, ias.
- Page 63 and 64: 1. awmyosagan iwarmoeba (`awmdgomis
- Page 65 and 66: gan gansxvavebiT, TurmeobiTi meore,
- Page 67 and 68: axsna mecnierebis mizans warmoadgen
- Page 69 and 70: TulSi gvaqvs (ubrZanebies, dauteveb
- Page 71 and 72: Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ar mogvepov
- Page 73 and 74: struqciis ganviTarebis meqanizmi? T
vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ inversiuli zmnebiao, sxvaTa Sesaxeb ki amisi Tqma<br />
ar SeiZleba.<br />
P. S.<br />
25<br />
dekemberi 1952 w.<br />
es narkvevi dawerilia 1952 wels. mas Semdeg azri aRniSnuli gramatikuli sakiTxis<br />
Sesaxeb ar Semcvlia, oRond damatebiT unda vTqva oriode sityva.<br />
qarTulSi metad Taviseburi viTareba Seiqna imis wyalobiT, rom gardamavali<br />
zmnis formebs III seriis mwkrivebSi gardauvali Seenacvla da aqtiur formebs _ pasiuri,<br />
rasac Tavis dros h. SuxarTi aqcevda yuradRebas. amis gamo gardamaval zmna-<br />
Ta irib-obieqturma pirma III seriis mwkrivTa formebSi subieqtis gamoxatvis Zala<br />
moipova da amis Sedegad maTTan micemiTSi dasmul saxels gramatikul subieqtad aRviqvamT,<br />
saxelobiTSi dasmuls ki _ pirdapir obieqtad. Cven Tanabrad vunacvlebT III<br />
seriis formebs I da II seriisas ara marto gardauval zmnebSi, aramed gardamavleb-<br />
Sic; mag., `qals winda mouqsovia~ iseTive azris gadmomcemia sintaqsurad, rogorisac<br />
`qali windas moqsovs~ da `qalma winda moqsova~. am sam winadadebaSi gramatikuli<br />
formebi sxvdasxvanairia, sintaqsuri urTierToba ki _ erTnairi. subieqtma da pirdapirma<br />
obieqtma brunvebi icvala, sintaqsuri viTreba ki igive darCa. es brunva-cvalebadoba<br />
zmnis struqturaze aris damokidebuli, an, ufro sworad rom vTqvaT, zmnis<br />
struqturasTan aris Sefardebuli. subieqtisa da pirdapiri obieqtis brunva-cvalebadoba<br />
qarTuli enis damaxasiaTebeli niSania da msgavsi ram sxva tipis enebSi ar<br />
moipoveba.<br />
Tu romelime inversiuli forma, warmoSobiT gardauvali, vTqvaT, `momiqsovia~,<br />
gardamavlad gvesmis, es imitom, rom igi Senacvlebis gziT gardamavalTa rigebSia<br />
Cayenebuli: movqsov windas, movqsove winda, momiqsovia winda. da, Tu igive forma,<br />
warmoSobiT pasivi, aqtiurad gvesmis, es imitom, rom igi, erTi mxriT, aqtiur forma-<br />
Ta rigebSi gveguleba (movqsov _ movqsove _ momiqsovia), meore mxriT ki igi upirispirdeba<br />
formas, romelic pasivia: winda momiqsovia _ winda momqsovia.<br />
sazogadod, roca romelime zmnis formas winadadebaSi viRebT da mas sintaqsurad<br />
ganvixilavT masTan Sewyobil saxelebTan urTierTobaSi, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs am<br />
zmnis formaTa warmoeba ara marto erTs mwkrivsa da erTs seriaSi, aramed yvela seriis<br />
mwkrivebSi. amitomaa, rom aSkarad gardauvali `momyavs~ gardamavlad warmogvidgeba<br />
imis gamo, rom mas enacvleba gardamavali zmnis formebi: moviyvan _ moviyvane.<br />
aseTive Senacvlebis gamoa, rom udaod gardauvali warmoebis forma `mcodnia~<br />
gardamavlad warmogvidgeba `vici~-s gverdiT, xolo masTan saxelobiTSi Sewyobili<br />
saxeli _ pirdapir obieqtad: wera-kiTxva vici, wera-kiTxva mcodnia 25 .<br />
25 es azria gatarebuli `vici~, `momaqvs~ da `momyavs~ zmnebis Sesaxeb l. kvaWaZis `qarTuli<br />
enis sintaqsSi~, romelic Cemi redaqciiT gamovida (pirveli gamocema, 1956, gv. 47; meore gamocema,<br />
1958, gv. 61).
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