q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia ara ise, rogorc es saWiroa.
aris erTi garemoeba, romelic xels uwyobs, rom aseTi tipis zmnebTan micemiTi
brunvis forma iyos subieqtad gagebuli: zogi maTgani mxolod obieqturi pirebis
mixedviT icvleba: maqvs, gaqvs, aqvs da Semdgomi; mZinavs, gZinavs, sZinavs da Semdgomi;
mciva, gciva, sciva da Semdgomi. amis gamo forma, warmoSobiT or-piriani, erT-pirianad
aris qceuli. erT-piriani zmnebi ki Cveulebriv subieqturi piris mqoneebia: aris,
zis, wers, xtis, duRs, qris, dneba, Sreba, iRupeba, Savdeba da misT.
saSual zmnebs garda moipoveba rigi vnebiTi gvaris zmnebisa, romlebic ama Tu im
grZnobas gamoxataven, maT Soris miCnevisa da gunebis vnebiTis formebi (qarT. gram.
safuZvlebi §§ 361, 362): mejavreba, mezizReba, mexaliseba, mebilweba (`mas ymasa Tavi
ar misca, Wvretadca ebilweboda~. `vefx. –ty~. 232), memwareba, memeteba, medideba, mem-
Rereba, metireba da misT. saerTo wesis Tanaxmad, aqac qvemdebared unda miviCnioT
saxelobiTSi dasmuli saxeli (Tu ki aseTi zmnas ewyoba, mag., `mekeTa ese TaTbiri~.
`vefx. ty.~ 426), micemiTSi dasmuli saxeli ki iribi obieqtia; mag., `gogras etireba~
(vaJa, V, 217).
gamoTqma `Rori boZs efxaneba~ iseTia, rom qvemdebared saxelobiTSi dayenebuli
`Rori~ migvaCnia. amaze, mgonia, aravin idavebs. magram swored aseTive gamoTqmaa esec:
`biWs Tavi efxaneba~. gansxvaveba maT Soris is aris, rom pirvel winadadebaSi Roris
moqmedeba naTelia, meore winadadebaSi ki Tavi iwvevs fxanis grZnobas biWSi da misi
`moqmedeba~ ise naTeli ar aris, rogorc pirvelSi. romelia mainc qvemdebare? saer-
To wesis mixedviT aqac qvemdebared saxelobiTSi dayenebuli sityva unda miviCnioT,
e. i. `Tavi~, `biWs~ ki iribi obieqti iqneba. `Tavi efxaneba~ sintaqsurad igivea, rac
`Tavi eqaveba~. maSasadame, winadadebaSi: `dRes diliT xelis guli meqaveboda~ qvemdebarea
`xelis guli~, I piri ki iribi obieqtis gagebas gvaZlevs.
Tqmulis Semdeg cxadia, Tu rogor unda miviCnioT sintaqsuri TvalsazrisiT saxelobiTsa
da micemiTSi dasmuli saxelebi Semdeg winadadebebSi: eg Seni ambavi Zalian
mikvirs; ara miSavs ra; maros guli uwuxs; vanos kritika Zalian swyins; wuxel
Tavi mtkioda Zalian; Seni dawinaureba yvelas uxarian, saamisod Zala ar Semwevs da
misT.
gamoTqmulia azri, TiTqo `mZuls~ tipis zmnebSi obieqturi piris niSniT gadmocemuli
iyos realurad moqmedi piri. ai, magaliTad ras vkiTxulobT a. Ciqobavas erT
werilSi:
`gardauval zmnebSi aris erTi jgufi, romelic awmyoSive Sebrunebuli wyobiT
aris warmodgenili; aseTia, magaliTad: maqvs, myavs, mZuls, miyvars, mSia, mwyuria, minda,
msurs. yvelgan obieqtis niSniT (m TavsarTiT) gadmocemulia realuri subieqti,
is piri, romelsac `aqvs~, `hyavs~, `sZuls~, `uyvars~, `hSia~, `swyuria~... xolo subieqtis
niSniT (s bolosarTiT) realuri obieqti (rac aqvT, hyavT, sZulT, uyvarT...)~ 23 .
magram sakiTxavia: saidan Cans, rom wyoba Sebrunebulia? saidan Cans, rom realurad
moqmedi piri am zmnis formebSi pirvelia? es arsaidan ar Cans. is garemoeba, rom es
zmnebi gardauvalia (amas xom a. Ciqobavac adasturebs), imis maCvenebelia, rom maT ar
SeiZleba hqondeT pird. obieqti, romelzedac subieqtis moqmedeba vrceldeba. maSasadame,
roca vTqviT, zmna gardauvaliao, amiT isic vTqviT, rom subieqti aq sxvaze ar
moqmedebs, da, Tu kidev sxva piria warmodgenili formaSi, urTierToba am pirsa da
subieqts Soris ar SeiZleba iyos iseTi, rogorc or-piriani gardamavali zmnis subieqtsa
da obieqts Soris. maSasadame, Tu `miyvars~ gardauvalia, am winadadebaSi: `vanos
uyvars mama~, `mama~ ar SeiZleba iyos pird. obieqti (pird. damateba), rogorc es
m. janaSvils (da masTan erTad bevr sxvas) esmis. maS raRaa is obieqti, romelzedac
a. Ciqobava laparakobs? iribi? aba irib obieqts (a. Ciqobavas mixedviT pirovnebis
obieqts) ra esaqmeba saxelobiTSi?!
23 a. C i q o b a v a , qarT. enis zogadi daxasiaTeba, 057-058 (ganmartebiTi leqsikonis pirvel tom-
Si).
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