q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

g) dadasturebulia SesaZleblobis funqciis gamosaxatavad: `erTxelac iqneba
(=SesaZloa), melas mindorze gauTendebao~, `Tofis srola ar iqneba~ (=ar SeiZleba). 9
SevniSnavT, rom gamoTqmaSi ar iqneba zmna SesaZloa arqauli formiTac iyos warmodgenili:
ar iqnebis (Sdr.: ar egeba da ar egebis): `kakali unaWuWod ar iqnebis~ (andaza).
d) daCndeba gamoTqmebSi: ra || raRa iqneba (iqna), rogorc iqneba (iqna), rac iqneba,
ver || ar iqna (an: vera da ver iqna, ara da ar iqna)...
yvela am SemTxvevaSi i-qn-eb-a (i-qn-a) i-prefiqsiani vnebiTis formaa.
amave fuZis moqmedebiTis forma II da III seriaSia damowmebuli da isic mxolod
am mniSvnelobiT: `gaakeTa, Caidina, moimoqmeda~ (`madli qeni da marilic moayareo~,
`maS davsxdeT da samarTali vqnaT~ 10 ).
am zmnis paradigma aseTia:
awmyo: Svr-eb-a
myofadi: i-zam-s
aoristi: qn-a
I SedegobiTi: u-qn-i-a.
Tavis mxriv qn-a da i-qn-a formobriv ki aris erTmaneTis mimarT moqmedebiTi da
vnebiTi, magram semantikurad maT Soris amgvari kavSiri daCrdilulia (Sdr.: h-y-o da
i-y-o).
zogadi mniSvneloba i-qn-eb-a zmnisa aris: `iarsebebs~, aqedan ganviTarebulia sasurvelobis
semantika `vinZlo iyos || iarsebos~, rac safuZvlad daedo kidec am formis
gamoyenebas modaluri elementis daniSnulebiT: `mgeli cxvars sami weli dasdevda
_ iqneba duma Camouvardeso~ (andaza). 11
i-qn-eb-a zmnis modalur elementad gamoyenebam ganapiroba misi fonetikuri cveTa:
i-qn-eb-aiqneb, i-qn-eb-a*i-qn-e-a (b-s CavardniT)iqnia (eaia fonetikuri cvlilebis
safuZvelze); bolo forma dadasturebulia mesxurSi (Sdr.: egia).
rogorc iTqva, i-qn-eb-a formis modalur elementad gamoyenebas safuZvlad daedo
sasurvelobis (survilobis) semantika, Semdgom igi ifarToebs semantikur sferos da
amJamad gamoxatavs varaudis mniSvnelobasac. Sesabamisad gafarTovda misi formobrivi
Sexamebis sferoc: II kavSirebiTis formebis garda (iqneba || iqneb daweros, gaakeTos,
movides, gaTbes...), igi SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes sxva paradigmis formebTanac:
iqneba || iqneb wers, werda, werdes; dawera, daewera, daeweros; iqneba || iqneb icis,
icoda, icodes (anu: awmyos, namyo usrulis, awmyos kavSirebiTis, aoristis, II SedegobiTis,
III kavSirebiTis formebTan, II SedegobiTTan _ III kavSirebiTis nacvlad).
iqneba, rogorc damoukidebeli an meSveli zmnis, da iqneba, rogorc modaluri
elementis, gamoyenebis sferoebi enaSi mkveTrad gamijnulia: saxelTan (an pirvel
masdarTan, mimReobasTan) igi mxolod zmnis funqciiT gvxvdeba (iqneba kaci, zeimi, gakeTebuli),
xolo zmnasTan _ mxolod modaluri elementis daniSnulebiT (iqneba ||
iqneb wers, werda, dawera...)
* * *
unda zmnis amosavali fuZe (Ziri) n aris, igive, rac uZveles u-n-eb-s/u-n-eb-n zmna-
Si (`unebn maT~, _ m. 27, 15). u-nd-a istoriulad namyo usrulis formaa, 12 awmyoa u-nd-a
(romelic zog dialeqtsa Tu kilokavs _ mesxurs, qiziyurs _ dRemde daucavs). Semdgom
unda awmyos formad iqna gaazrebuli da, amis kvalobaze, axali paradigmuli ri-
gi aigo. Sdr.:
9 ix.: qegl, t. IV, 1955.
10 ix.: qegl, t. VII, 1962.
11 qegl, t. IV.
12 a . S a n i Z e , dasax. naSr. gv. 223-225.
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