q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

I seria: awmyo: wers
namyo usruli: egeb werda
kavSirebiTi: werdes
ar dasturdeba myofadis wris formebTan.
II seria: aoristi: dawera
II kavSirebiTi: egeb daweros
III seriaSi gvxvdeba II SedegobiTisa da III kavSirebiTis formebTan: egeb daewera,
daeweros (amaTgan, rogorc iTqva, II SedegobiTi gamoyenebulia III kavSirebiTis nacvlad).
zemoxsenebulis safuZvelze SeiZleba iTqvas: qarTulSi gamoikveTa SesaZleblobis
kilos gamoxatvis tendencia. gamoxatva xdeba nazmnari modaluri elementis (egeba
|| egeb) saSualebiT, romelic exameba awmyos, namyo usrulis (gangrZobiTis), awmyos
kavSirebiTis, aoristis (namyo ZiriTadis), II kavSirebiTis, II SedegobiTis (III kavSirebiTis
funqciiT gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi) da III kavSirebiTis (upiratesad dialeqtebSi)
formebs.
* * *
Zvel qarTulSi lamis aseve damoukidebeli zmnis daniSnulebiT gamoiyeneboda. am
zmnis masdarad ivaraudeba lama `ndoma, wadili; survili, wafa~. i. abulaZes nimu-
Sad dasaxelebuli aqvs: `hlamoda Seslvasa ovseTad~. lamis imave struqturis zmnaa,
rac `sur-is/sur-i-n~ `surs~ (`viTarca sur-i-n iremsa~, _ fs. 41, 2; `sur-od-a sulsa
Cemsa~, fs. 118, 174), s-wyur-i-s (`s-wyur-i-an || sur-i-an sulsa Cemsa Sendami~, fs. 62,2 da
misT.) anu lam-i-s, sadac -s mxoloobiTi ricxvis III subieqturi piris niSania, -i _
zmnuri sufiqsi; fuZea lam-, romelic amJamad, rogorc zmna, -ob Temis niSniTaa gaformebuli:
lam-ob-s (`gakeTebas lamobs~). 5
lam-i-s forma zmnis funqciiT XIX saukunemde iyo SemorCenili, ufro mogvianebiT
igi upiratesad stilizaciis mizniT Cans gamoyenebuli. Sdr.:
mokvlas l a m o d a (saba): lam-i-slam-od-a; utandari geaxla, dedofalo, Sens xilvas
lamis (S. dad.). 6
amdenad, qarTuli enis ganviTarebis gviandel safexurze erTmaneTis paralelurad
dasturdeba ori forma:
awmyo: v-lam-i || v-lam-ob
h-lam-i || (h)-lam-ob
(h)-lam-i-s || (h)-lam-ob-s
namyo usruli: v-lam-od-i || v-lam-ob-d-i
h-lam-od-i || (h)-lam-ob-d-i
(h)-lam-od-a || (h)-lam-ob-d-a
kavSirebiTi: v-lam-od-e || v-lam-ob-d-e
h-lam-od-e || (h)-lam-ob-d-e
(h)-lam-od-e-s || (h)-lam-ob-d-e-s
amaTgan, pirveli sistemidan SemorCa lamis, rogorc modaluri elementi (mniSvnelobiT:
`TiTqmis, kinaRam~). xolo meore sistema damkvidrda rogorc lam-ob-s zmnis
uRvlileba.
modaluri elementi lamis upiratesad II kavSirebiTis formas exameba: `SiSisgan
lamis me Cemi damemarTos~. Rirssacnobia, rom mas modalur elementad gamoyenebis
drosac unari aqvs zmnisTvis damaxasiaTebeli konstruqcia Seqmnas (Tumca zmnuri
5 i. abulaZe, dasax. naSr.
6 nimuSebi dasaxelebulia qeglidan, t. IV.
172