You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Sorisdebuli axal saliteraturo qarTulSi 1<br />
163<br />
sergi JRenti<br />
qarTuli da kerZod axali qarTuli saliteraturo ena gansakuTrebiT mdidaria<br />
SorisdebulebiT. rogorc cnobilia, sxva metyvelebis nawilebisagan Sorisdebulebi<br />
gamoirCevian da qmnian Tavisebur sistemas. amis gamo zogierTi avtori Sorisdebulis<br />
miCnevas metyvelebis nawilad sacilobladac ki Tvlis.<br />
frangi enaTmecnieri J. v a n d r i e s i Sorisdebulebs samarTlianad miakuTvnebs<br />
`afeqtur~ metyvelebas da ganasxvavebs mas `inteleqtualurisagan~ 2 .<br />
Sorisdebuli adamianis rTul emociebsa da sulieri ganwyobilebis eqspresias<br />
gadmogvcems. Sorisdebulebs xmis sakuTari modulacia da intonacia axasiaTebs, amitom<br />
afeqturi elferi, intonaciur-eqspresiuli da fonetikuri mxare Sorisdebulebs<br />
gacilebiT ufro mdidari aqvT, vidre sxva metyvelebis nawilebs. garda amisa,<br />
Sorisdebuls xSirad Tan axlavs Jest-mimikuri moZraobebic. samagierod Sorisdebuli<br />
moklebulia nominatiur funqcias, materialur mniSvnelobas da gramatikul gaformebas.<br />
calkeuli Sorisdebuli udris sityva-winadadebas: `Sorisdebulebi warmoadgenen<br />
sityvaTa da winadadebaTa ekvivalentebs~, _ wers v. v i n o g r a d o v i 3 .<br />
Cveulebriv Sorisdebuli winadadebis wevrs ar Seadgens. is winadadebebis warmoTqmaSi<br />
gamoiyofa gansakuTrebuli intonaciiT, xolo weraSi _ mZimiT.<br />
SorisdebulTa semantika mdidaria da mravalferovani. is SeiZleba gamoxatavdes<br />
aRtacebas, sixaruls, siamovnebas, mowodebas, kmayofilebas, zizRs, dawunebas, moulodnelobas,<br />
tanjvas, vnebianobas, Civils, muqaras, wyenas, mwuxarebas, tkivils, dananebas,<br />
sayvedurs, gankicxvas, natvras, gakvirvebas, gaqirdvas, dacinvas, niSnisgebas,<br />
akrZalvas, waqezebas, gambedaobasa da sxv.<br />
SorisdebulTa klasifikaciis umTavresi siZnele imaSi mdgomareobs, rom erTi da<br />
igive Sorisdebuli SeiZleba sxvadasxva mniSvnelobisa iyos 4 . mis mniSvnelobas konteqsti<br />
gansazRvravs, ase, mag., `ui~ umTavresad gamoxatavs mwuxarebas, wyenas, magram<br />
amave dros sxva konteqstSi man SeiZleba gamoxatos aRfrTovaneba, sixaruli; mag.:<br />
`ui, qa, sawyali torua~ (vaJa) `ui, mexi ki dageces mag uxeiro Tavze~ (i. WavW.), magram<br />
`ui, Sen ki Cagekone mag gemriel sulSi~ (i. WavW.)... aseve sapirispiro mniSvnelobis<br />
gamomxatvelia Sorisdebulebi: `uh~, `ox~, `oh~, `hm~ da sxv. mag.: `uh, ra SemeSinda~ (ninoSvili);<br />
`u h , u h , ra mtkiva muxlebi~ (iqve), magram `u h , u h , u h ! eg Roris sukebi~<br />
(i. WavW.); `u h , u h , u h ! ra tkbilia! _ tuCebis cmacuniT da siamovnebiT viZaxdiT yvelani~<br />
(S. aragvisp.)... `o x , o x ! miSveleT, momkla!~ (W. lomT.), magram `o x , Cemo Tvalis<br />
Cino!~ (S. aragvisp.)... o h , rogor civa da msusxavi qaric uberavs~ (Seqsp. `hamleti~),<br />
magram `o h ! gabadrulo mTvarev!~ (al. WavW.)... hm, hm, hm! daigmina qalbatonma~<br />
(ninoSvili), magram `h m ! Caicina moxevem~ (i. WavW.) da sxv.<br />
emociuri xasiaTis Sorisdebulebisgan unda ganvasxvaoT imperatiuli xasiaTis Sorisdebulebi;<br />
mag. `ei, msaxurno! daamzadeT sanadimod yovelive~ (al. sumbaTaSvili,<br />
`Ralati~). Sdr. `hei, didi seiri iqneba~ (iqve); `hei, Zamiebo, sayvarlebo, lamazebo,<br />
mSvenierebo...~ (W. lomT.)... `hau, kudianebo, h a u ! Tqveni sviT da Tqveni WameT...~ (iqve).<br />
zogierTi avtori, mag. H. Paul-i 5 , E. Schwentner-i 6 emociis gamomxatvel SorisdebulTa<br />
gverdiT ganixilaven e. w. onomatopoetur bgeriT kompleqsebsa da sityvebs, romlebic<br />
xmis mibaZvis safuZvelze arian warmoSobilni. Cven aseTi bgeriTi kompleqsebi da<br />
1 iberiul-kavkasiuri enaTmecniereba, I, 1946.<br />
2 Ж. Вандриес, Язык, rusuli Targ., Москва 1937, gv. 135.<br />
3 В. В. Виноградов, Современний русский язык, II, Москва, 1939, gv. 569.<br />
4 А. Шахматов, Синтаксис русского языка, вып. II, 101.<br />
5 Prinzipien der Sprachgesichte, 1909, gv., 179.<br />
6 Die primare Interjectionen in der Indogermanischen Sprachen, Heidelberg, 1924.