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q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

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m d i n gvevlineba magaliTebSi: v˜e SoaR a m e m d i n (Опис. 182); moiRo netarebaÁ TesliTi-T e s l a m d i n (kim. 17938)... saS. qarTulSi mdin ukve sistematur xmarebaSia, aqve gvxvdeba mdi formac: s a m - x r a m d i (visr. 137). q v e y a n a m d i (v. t. 1374)... SahnameSi xSirad m d i n s gvaqvs. magaliTad: s a R a m o m d i n s orTave erTmaneTsa sces (II, gv. 43024); ZiriT-T a v a m d i n s marmariloTa nagebi aris (424); k o W T a m d i n s Caswvdeboda (383); m T a m d i n s mimiyvanes (377)... Sdr. mteris saqmisa T v i n s da Zmis sikvdilis a T v i n s nu daiRrej (iqve, 426)... am SemTxvevaSi s-s daniSnuleba ara Cans. unda vifiqroT, rom igi mdin da mdis _ am ori paraleluri formis Serwymis Sedegia: mdin + s (Sdr. T v i n da T v i s → Tvin + s); cxadia, s gviandeli danarTia. aseve Serwymis Sedegia saS. qarTulSi naxmari mdisin: samxramdisin (amirandarej. 47), Seyramdisin (Sahnavaz. 84)... xolo -n mokvecilia mdisi: c a m d i s i (Sahn. II, 427); dabla m d i s i (Sahnavaz. 709)... -n(-a) elementdarTulia mden: ukunisa m d e n (dokument. 380)... TiTqmis yvela es saxe Semovida axal qarTulSi: a q a m d i s i n (d. kld. I, 152), manamdisin (ardaz. 12); dilidan saRamomdisin ar mqonda mosvenebao (xalx.)... Semodgoma m d i n (ilia, 346).. xelmwife m d i (ilia, III, 36).. Tanamedrove saliteraturo qarTulSi gabatonebulia mde da mdis. presa cdilobs m d e gaabatonos, mwerlebi ki erTsac xmaroben da meoresac. kiloebSi gvxvdeba agreTve: mdin, mdi, mden, mdisin, mdvin. ukanasknelSi v-s S. ZiZiguri Tvin-is analogiiT xsnis 73 . mde || mdis marTavs v i T a r e b i T brunvas. jer kidev Zv. qarTulSi viTarebiTi brunvis sruli formis paralelurad m d e xSirad d mokvecilsac erToda. magali- Tad: aRsasrulamde soflisa (qrest. 5), Sua d R e m d e (kim. 161)... saS. qarTulis adrindel ZeglebSi iSviaTad gvxvdeba m d e TandebulTan sruli formis viTarebiTi (sikvdiladm d i s _ v.t. 610)... gr. o r b e l i a n i s cadmde arqaizmia. mde || m d i s TandebulTa viTarebiTi brunvis d elementis dakargvam gamoiwvia erTgvari gaugebroba. zogierT gramatikaSi aRniSnulia, rom mde Tandebuli naTesaobiT brunvas daerTviso (d o d a S v i l i 74 , quTaTelaZe75). h. fogtis qarTuli enis gramatikaSi a m d e Setanilia im TandebulTa wyebaSi, romelnic saxelobiTsa da micemiT brunvasTan ixmarebian 76 . al. c a g a r e l i SecdomiT wers, rom m d e , m d i n Tandebuli saxelobiTs daer- Tvis da i-ze daboloebuli saxelebi am xmovans a-d gadaaqcevso 77 . viTarebiTSi d-s dakargvis mizezi dasabuTebuli aqvs p. kvicariZes: `mde iTxovs cvalebiTs brunvas: qalaqadmde... raTgan ori d-d-s gamoTqma enisaTvis saZneloa, amisTvis pirveli maTgani fonetikuraT spobila da vambobT: qalaqamde~ 78 ... mde || m d i s Tandebulis funqciaa gamoxatos `garkveul punqtamde miwevna~ adgilisa, droisa da raodenobis mixedviT 79 . magaliTad: meored m o s v l a d m d e qristჱsa (xanZT. ma11); Tma koWamdis Casdioda (Teim. II. 192); Ãari mokla ocamdis i n , risxua maTze moawivna (Sahnavaz. 240)... m d e Tandebulis gamoyenebisas zogjer saxels win erTvis vidre an kidev mi, mo nawilaki: v i d r e cecxlisa S e m T x e v a d m d e hlocvides (spevs. 33580); m i s a z R - vradmde qaldiaÁsa (habo, 663); M m o a q a m o m d e (ax. qarT. cx. 7); xazina Cemi gavrcelda v i d r e ocdaaT T u m n a m d i s (ardaz. 24)... 73 qarT. enis mTaraW. dialeqtis ZiriTadi Taviseburebani: enimkis moambe, II, 77. 74 Semoklebuli qarTuli Rrammatika, gv. 64. 75 pirvel-dawyebiTi qarTuli grammatika, 121. 76 Esquisse d ̕̕̕une grammaire du géorgien moderne, gv. 56. 77 Сведения , I, вып. III, gv., 74. 78 qarTuli swormetyveleba, gv. 154. 79 a . S a n i Z e , mde Tandebuli genezisaTvis, gv. 362. 154

11. viT sxvebTan erTad h. fogtma aRniSna, rom viT aris v i n nacvalsaxelis moq. brunvis forma 80 . sxva TandebulebTan SedarebiT v i T Taviseburia, jer erTi, imiT, rom igi iribi brunvebis (micemiTi, naTesaobiTi) garda saxelobiT brunvasac erTvis, rac uCveuloa qarTuli TandebulisaTvis da saerTod windebulebis mqone sxva enebisTvisac: meorecaada, es Tandebuli brunvaSi marTvis mxriv ganasxvavebs boloxmovnian da boloTanxmovnian saxelebs erTmaneTisagan. albaT amiT aixsneba is eWvi, romelic adreve iyo gamoTqmuli gramatikul literaturaSi misi Tandebuleobis Sesaxeb (k a r i W a S v i - li, ioseliani, CubinaSvili). marTlac, saS. qarTulSi viTa zmnisarTi iyo, igi kavSiris funqciasac asrulebda, magram es garemoeba mas xels ar uSlida Tandebulis movaleobac Seesrulebina. igi sityvas yovelTvis win uZRoda. ax. qarTulSi mas a moekveca da aRniSnuli sami funqciidan ukanaskneliRa SemorCa da Cveulebriv saxelis Semdeg moeqca. zogierT kiloSi viT-s ekveceba bolo Tanxmovanic: S a S v i v i (xevs. poez. 106), t u r a s v i , kdarvi, Cemsvi (ingilouri) 81 . saS. qarTulis adrindel ZeglebSi viTa, rogorc Tandebuli, ara Cans. magaliTad, vefxistyaosanSi igi mxolod kavSirisa da zmnisarTis funqcias asrulebs. SahnameSi mJRavndeba misi Tandebulad qcevis tendencia. aq mas adgili ucvlia, saxelis Semdeg gadasula, magram saxels jer kidev ar Serwymia, magaliTad: miwis piri sisxlis z R v a viTa Relvida (II, gv. 422); gagzavnili, qari viTa, wavida (iqve, 402); mokazmes qalaqi samoTxe viTa (iqve, 400); sisxli ru viTa vadinoT (iqve, 426) da sxv. mTaraWulSi fuZexmovnian saxelebTan aseTi formebi dResac ixmareba: xeviT, mzeviT, gundaviT 82 . kavSirad xmarebisas v i T yovelTvis win uZRvis saxels. amitom swored adgilis Senacvleba unda iyos pirveli niSani misi gaTandebulebisa. viT Tandebuli imasve a R n i S n a v s , rasac sityva rogorc: miuTiTebs msgavsebaze. igi sam brunvasTan ixmareba: boloxmovnian saxelebsa da nacvalsaxelebs mxolod micemiT brunvaSi daerTvis, boloTanxmovnian saxelebs ki _ micemiTsa, naTesaobiTsa da saxelobiTSi. magaliTebi: viT micemiT brunvasTan: dedasaviT uyvardi (visr.); Saqris yinulsaviT tkbilad SegaberoT (ilia, 354)... naTesaobiTTan: erTi TuTi hyvanda, adamianisaviT laparakzed gawrTvnili (Teim. II. 159), SvilisaviT gavzardeo (saq. siZv. II, 53); xevis b e r i s a v i T (ilia, 475), g i J i s a v i T (yazb. 102)... boloxmovnianTanac: d e d i s a v i T (ilia, III, 52)... gramatikis zogi avtori cdilobda SemoeRo viT Tandebulis xmarebis garkveuli wesi. ase, magaliTad, s. xundaZis mixedviT `Tu Tandebuli viT i-ze daboloebul saxelTan aris naxmari, maSin xan saxelobiTs Txoulobs da xan micemiTs; magaliTad: es bavSvi yurdgeliviT zis, am bavSvs yurdgelsaviT sZinavs. am SemTxvevaSi viT im brunvas Txoulobs, romelSic qvemdebarea dasmuli, e. i. aq brunva Semasmenelzea damokidebuli~ 83 . ase msjelobda i. nikolaiSvilic 84 . magaliTebidanac kargad Cans, rom v i T Tandebulis mier brunvis marTva sruliad araa damokidebuli Semasmenelze. winadadebaSi Tandebuls SeuZlia brunva Secvalos: saxelobiTis magier micemiTs daerTos da piriqiT, magram sintaqsurad da mniSvnelo- 80 Esquisse d ̕̕̕une grammaire du géorgien moderne, gv. 64. 81 m. janaSvili, saingilo: Zveli saqarTvelo, II, gv. 232. 82 S. Z i Z i g u r i , qarT. enis mTaraW. dialeqtis Taviseburebani, gv. 77. 83 qarTuli gramatika, meore gamocema, 1907, gv. 52. 84 qarTuli enis gramatika, 1927, gv. 105. 155

m d i n gvevlineba magaliTebSi: v˜e SoaR a m e m d i n (Опис. 182); moiRo netarebaÁ TesliTi-T<br />

e s l a m d i n (kim. 17938)...<br />

saS. qarTulSi mdin ukve sistematur xmarebaSia, aqve gvxvdeba mdi formac: s a m -<br />

x r a m d i (visr. 137). q v e y a n a m d i (v. t. 1374)... SahnameSi xSirad m d i n s gvaqvs. magaliTad:<br />

s a R a m o m d i n s orTave erTmaneTsa sces (II, gv. 43024); ZiriT-T a v a m d i n s marmariloTa<br />

nagebi aris (424); k o W T a m d i n s Caswvdeboda (383); m T a m d i n s mimiyvanes<br />

(377)... Sdr. mteris saqmisa T v i n s da Zmis sikvdilis a T v i n s nu daiRrej (iqve, 426)...<br />

am SemTxvevaSi s-s daniSnuleba ara Cans. unda vifiqroT, rom igi mdin da mdis<br />

_ am ori paraleluri formis Serwymis Sedegia: mdin + s (Sdr. T v i n da T v i s →<br />

Tvin + s); cxadia, s gviandeli danarTia. aseve Serwymis Sedegia saS. qarTulSi naxmari<br />

mdisin: samxramdisin (amirandarej. 47), Seyramdisin (Sahnavaz. 84)... xolo -n<br />

mokvecilia mdisi: c a m d i s i (Sahn. II, 427); dabla m d i s i (Sahnavaz. 709)... -n(-a) elementdarTulia<br />

mden: ukunisa m d e n (dokument. 380)...<br />

TiTqmis yvela es saxe Semovida axal qarTulSi: a q a m d i s i n (d. kld. I, 152), manamdisin<br />

(ardaz. 12); dilidan saRamomdisin ar mqonda mosvenebao (xalx.)... Semodgoma<br />

m d i n (ilia, 346).. xelmwife m d i (ilia, III, 36)..<br />

Tanamedrove saliteraturo qarTulSi gabatonebulia mde da mdis. presa cdilobs<br />

m d e gaabatonos, mwerlebi ki erTsac xmaroben da meoresac. kiloebSi gvxvdeba<br />

agreTve: mdin, mdi, mden, mdisin, mdvin. ukanasknelSi v-s S. ZiZiguri<br />

Tvin-is analogiiT xsnis 73 .<br />

mde || mdis marTavs v i T a r e b i T brunvas. jer kidev Zv. qarTulSi viTarebiTi<br />

brunvis sruli formis paralelurad m d e xSirad d mokvecilsac erToda. magali-<br />

Tad: aRsasrulamde soflisa (qrest. 5), Sua d R e m d e (kim. 161)... saS. qarTulis adrindel<br />

ZeglebSi iSviaTad gvxvdeba m d e TandebulTan sruli formis viTarebiTi (sikvdiladm<br />

d i s _ v.t. 610)... gr. o r b e l i a n i s cadmde arqaizmia.<br />

mde || m d i s TandebulTa viTarebiTi brunvis d elementis dakargvam gamoiwvia<br />

erTgvari gaugebroba. zogierT gramatikaSi aRniSnulia, rom mde Tandebuli naTesaobiT<br />

brunvas daerTviso (d o d a S v i l i 74 , quTaTelaZe75). h. fogtis qarTuli<br />

enis gramatikaSi a m d e Setanilia im TandebulTa wyebaSi, romelnic saxelobiTsa da<br />

micemiT brunvasTan ixmarebian 76 .<br />

al. c a g a r e l i SecdomiT wers, rom m d e , m d i n Tandebuli saxelobiTs daer-<br />

Tvis da i-ze daboloebuli saxelebi am xmovans a-d gadaaqcevso 77 .<br />

viTarebiTSi d-s dakargvis mizezi dasabuTebuli aqvs p. kvicariZes: `mde iTxovs<br />

cvalebiTs brunvas: qalaqadmde... raTgan ori d-d-s gamoTqma enisaTvis saZneloa,<br />

amisTvis pirveli maTgani fonetikuraT spobila da vambobT: qalaqamde~ 78 ...<br />

mde || m d i s Tandebulis funqciaa gamoxatos `garkveul punqtamde miwevna~<br />

adgilisa, droisa da raodenobis mixedviT 79 . magaliTad: meored m o s v l a d m d e<br />

qristჱsa (xanZT. ma11); Tma koWamdis Casdioda (Teim. II. 192); Ãari mokla ocamdis<br />

i n , risxua maTze moawivna (Sahnavaz. 240)...<br />

m d e Tandebulis gamoyenebisas zogjer saxels win erTvis vidre an kidev mi, mo<br />

nawilaki: v i d r e cecxlisa S e m T x e v a d m d e hlocvides (spevs. 33580); m i s a z R -<br />

vradmde qaldiaÁsa (habo, 663); M m o a q a m o m d e (ax. qarT. cx. 7); xazina Cemi gavrcelda<br />

v i d r e ocdaaT T u m n a m d i s (ardaz. 24)...<br />

73 qarT. enis mTaraW. dialeqtis ZiriTadi Taviseburebani: enimkis moambe, II, 77.<br />

74 Semoklebuli qarTuli Rrammatika, gv. 64.<br />

75 pirvel-dawyebiTi qarTuli grammatika, 121.<br />

76 Esquisse d ̕̕̕une<br />

grammaire du géorgien moderne, gv. 56.<br />

77 Сведения , I, вып. III, gv., 74.<br />

78 qarTuli swormetyveleba, gv. 154.<br />

79 a . S a n i Z e , mde Tandebuli genezisaTvis, gv. 362.<br />

154

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