q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a
ge garTulebulia saniTac: a d r i d g e s miCveulia (xevs. poez. 288); sami w l i d g e s am aludaurs Tavi gaunebebav yaraulobisad (xevs. 175) s i k v d i l i d g e s (iqve, 160)... m. a n d r o n i k a S v i l s dadasturebuli aqvs, rom xevsurulSi ge an ges mxolod maSin ixmareba, roca igi dros gadmoscems. amave kiloSi g a n Tandebulis g Tanxmovani gamkveTrebulia k-d da iSviaTad y-d «bevrgan, sxvagan, yvelgan» da sxva znmisarTebSi: b e v r k a n bevria TiToi (xevs. 228); qali ara sjob s x v a k n u r i (xevs. poez. 2459); Sarcxvnili xar y v e l y a n a (iqve, 2456).. visramianSic gvaqvs erTi SemTxveva k a n -is xmarebisa: romeli m i s k a n kide aravisgan Ãams wyalobisa molodna. gurulSi g a n Tandebuli Secvlilia gin formiT dawyebiT brunvaSi: v i z d g i n (← visiTgin) es saqme momxTara; C e m d g i n nufers nu eli da sxv. 56 ; aWarulSi g a n → q a n ; baRnebis e r T q a n gayvana veRar gabeda; Seiyares e r T q a n 57 . . . aSkaraa, q miRebulia T-sTan progresuli asimilaciiT. naTesaobiT brunvasTan g a n Tandebuli a R n i S n a v s : a) ganyofas, mocilebas, moSorebas: SeunierTa dedisa da Z m i s g a n mogaSora (visr. 69)... cxeni... q o x i s a g a n sakmaod moSorebiT daeyenebia (yazb. 216)... b) w y a r o s , visganac an risganac zmniT gamoxatuli moqmedeba momdinareobs. magaliTad: r˜i igi iSva m a r i a m i s a g a n (kim. 821); samgzis... ganZebul viqmen mamisa grigolisagan (xanZT. ჲg5_6); Seni vardi a n g e l o z i s a g a n dargulia da R m r T i - s a g a n daculi (visr. 189); bevrjer minaxavs iremi damfrTxala Z a R l i s a g a n (ilia, 306)... saerTod vnebiTi gvaris zmnebTan yof. qvemdebare -g a n Tandebulian ubralo damatebad iqceva: s˜lieri samoseli m a m i s a g a n moiqsoebis (boln. 4621). axal saliteraturo qarTulSi am funqciiT Cveulebriv m i e r Tandebuliani saxeli ixmareba. g) masalas, risganac rame keTdeba: Sehqmen m i w i s g a n k˜ci (Опис. 161); sazrdelad misa iyo puri q a t o ჲ sag˜ n qrTilisa (saba as. 513); qaRaldi q v i s g a n arodes Seiqmnebis da arca Ruino l i m o s a g a n (visr. 272)... [tariels] balaxisagan dawnuli qudi daexura (qiaC. 57)... d) mizezs: r˜li Z v r i s a g ˜n daeca (Опис. 179)... aCrdilisagan Senobebi Cabnelebuliyo (g. wer. 105)... am mniSvnelobiT -g a n Tandebulis magier Tanamedrove saliteraturo qar- TulSi g a m o Tandebulic ixmareba, zogjer ki moqmedebiTi brunvac Seenacvleba. e) saS. qarTulis zogierT ZeglSi, gansakuTrebiT vefxistyaosansa da visramianSi, araiSviaTad ixmareba -gan-iani naTesaobiTi iq, sadac axal qarTulSi uTandebulo formaa; magaliTad: aqvs T a v i s a g a n imedi, viyvneT guliTa mSvidiTa (v. t. 1036; Sdr. ax. qarTuli: aqvs Tavis imedi); a v T a n d i l i s g a n Senc ici CemTvis Tavisa dadeba (iqve, 1470). v) saS. qarTulSi da sporadulad me-19 s. romantikosTa enaSi g a n Tandebuli ixmareba ufroobiT xarisxTan. g a n erTvis Sesadarebel saxels, xolo zedsarTavi an ufroobiT formiTaa warmodgenili, an aRweriT. magaliTad: h e m z i s a g a n umaRleso Ãelmwifeo (visr. 132); q a r i s a g a n umale iara (iqve, 192); erTgulTaTuis mowyaleba gWirs; S a q r i s a g a n utkbilesi (Sahnavaz. 306); s i k v d i l i s a g a n sicocxle awi Cemi ufro mwarea (Teim. I, 21); irmisagan umkvircxlesi jixvi... Sescqeris myinvars (al. WavW. 20)... paralelurad gvxvdeba uTandebulo naTesaobiTic: saqme mWirs s i k v d i l i s uaresia (Sahn. II, 4312); d e d o f l i s ulamazesi, mefis c x e n i s umsuqnesi da mefis S e - v a r d n i s umalesi ar iqnebis (sibrZne sicr. 55)... am SemTxvevaSi saS. qarTulSive -gan-is monacvled Cndeba -ze Tandebuli da batondeba axal qarTulSi: S a q a r z e utkbesi, c x e n z e umsuqnesi da sxv. 56 s. J R e n t i , guruli kilo, gv. 67. 57 j. noRaideli, aWara dialeqtologiurad, gv. 32-33. 150
saS. qarTulSi g a n Tandebulian saxels Tu mosdevs zmnisarTi k i d e , maSin mas mniSvneloba aqvs g a r d a Tandebulisa (an meti-sa). magaliTad: Sen gueli xar, c r e m l i s a g a n k i d e ara ici; Sen mgeli xar, romel v n e b i s a g a n k i d e aras iqm (visr. 196); R m r T i s a g a n k i d e vin iyo kaci amisad msaxvelad! (v. t. 1180)... amave mniSvnelobisaa k i d e v uTandebulo naTesaobiTTanac: m e f o b i s a C e m i s a k i d e romelica mTxovo, mogceo! (sibrZne sicr. 18). gan Tandebuli erTvis moqmedebiT brunvasac. Zveli qarTulidan moyolebuli dRemdis dasturdeba fonetikuri cvlilebis sami safexuri: iT-gan →→id-gan →→id-an (sofliT-gan →→soflid-gan→→ soflidan). pirveli forma Zv. qarTulSi Cndeba, modis me-19 s-mdis da zogierT kiloSi dResac aris SemorCenili, meore saS. qarTulSi vi- Tardeba da axal qarTulSic iCens Tavs, mesame ki dasturdeba me-18 s-is ZeglebSi 58 da sabolood batondeba axal saliteraturo qarTulSi. magaliTad: k a x e T i d a n (Teim. II, 102), v a W r o b i d a n (sibrZne sicr. 1658)... igi me-18 saukunis dokumentebSic Cans: erTis s o f l i d a n meore sofelSi asaxlebs (1786 w.: saq. siZv. I, 157); e r e v a - n i d a n (1790 w.: saq. siZv. III, 57); S a m S a d i l i d a n (1787 w.: iqve, 26)... moqmedebiT brunvasTan g a n Tandebuli a R n i S n a v s : a) a d g i l s , moqmedebis dawyebis p u n q t s da miugebs kiTxvaze saidan? magali- Tad: kidiTgan cisaჲT vidre kidedmde c i s a esჱ ars (xanZ. pa12_13); guemul iyo ferÃiTa b a r k l i T g a n misiT (kim. 24430); Ã u r e l i T a g a n guelsa gamoiyvaneben (visr. 59); k˜ci movida stamboliTg˜n (saq. siZv. I, 61)... Zvelsa da araiSviaTad saS. qarTulSi aris SemTxvevebi, roca kiTxvaze saidan moqmedebiTis nacvlad g a n Tandebuliani naTesaobiTia: gamoved q u e y a n a s a g a n Senisa da naTesavisagan Senisa da saxlisagan mamisa Senisa (habo, 641_2); v˜r gamoეda u d a b n o გ s a g a n (xanmeti mravalT. 24b21_22); SuaRame c i x i s a g a n Camovida (visr. 295); yma c x e n i s a g a n gardiWra... (v. t. 1335)... Zv. qarTulSi zogjer erTsa da imave winadadebaSi kiTxvaze saidan erTgan uTandebulo moqmedebiTia: aRmogiRo wueli igi TualiT SeniT (xanmeti, 376), meoregan ki g a n - i a n i naTesaobiTi: aRmoiRe... T u a l i s a g a n S e n i s a (iqve, 379). aris iseTi SemTxvevebic, rodesac winadadebaSi erTgvari wevrebidan erTi uTandebulo moqmedebiTi brunviTaa warmodgenili, meore ki _ g a n - i a n i naTesaobiTiT. magaliTad: moiwines... Zmani antioqiad i˜ჱmiT da qalaqisagan ludisa (kim 311_12)... vefxistyaosansa da visramianSi kiTxvaze saidan sporadulad micemiTi brunvac ixmareba: ... c x e n s a gardaxda asmaTis mosaxvevelad (v. t. 1358); ra moabad c i x e s a gaiyvana visi, casa erTi mze sxua moemata (visr. 132)... b) d r o s kiTxvaze r a d r o i d a n ? magaliTad: iyo sixaruli d i l i T g a n (kim. 6123); gardacvalebiTgan misiT daiwera cxorebaÁ (xanZT. pg3); raminis guli a d - r i T g a n wyluli iyo (visr. 85) 59 ... cnobilia, rom Zv. qarTulSi kiTxvaze s a i d a n Cveulebriv uTandebulo moqmedebiTi mougebda. magaliTad: gardamovarda z e c i T q ˜ynad (boln. 2714)... uTandebulo moqmedebiTi amave funqciiT saS. qarTulSic xSiria: yovliT q u e y - niT... mecnierni moiyvanna (visr. 21); taxtiT gardiWra (Teim. I, 55); omiT mosruli tariel saWvretad sasurvelia (v. t. 475); m T i T baramdi ukleblad TquenTvis guiboZebia (saq. siZv. III, 140)... igi SemorCa mTel rig kiloebs (xevsuruls, moxeurs, fSa- 58 Sdr. arn. C i q o b a v a , erTi ucnobi Tandebuli axal qarTulSi: enimkis moambe, I, gv. 57. 59 amave mniSvnelobiTaa, rom me-18 s. dokumentebsa da zogierTi mwerlis nawerebSi gvxvdeba Z v e l a d g a n . magaliTad: Z v e l a T g a n a c saxaso da Cveni yma yofiliyveniT (dokument. 557); Z v e l a d g a n Tqveni samkuidro iyo (saq. siZv. II, 156); Z v e l a d g a n saxelganTqmuli (baraTaSv. 35); rac ki Z v e l a d g a n gaugonia (nin. 1, 8). ise ki Cveulebrivia Zveli d g a n . sxva SemTxveva, viTarebiTTan rom g a n Tandebuli iyos naxmari, ar Segvxvedria. Cans, -g a n aq daerTo Z v e l a d zmnisarTs. 151
- Page 99 and 100: yvela am tipis zmnaSi? -n marTlac,
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saS. qarTulSi g a n Tandebulian saxels Tu mosdevs zmnisarTi k i d e , maSin mas<br />
mniSvneloba aqvs g a r d a Tandebulisa (an meti-sa). magaliTad: Sen gueli xar,<br />
c r e m l i s a g a n k i d e ara ici; Sen mgeli xar, romel v n e b i s a g a n k i d e aras iqm<br />
(visr. 196); R m r T i s a g a n k i d e vin iyo kaci amisad msaxvelad! (v. t. 1180)... amave<br />
mniSvnelobisaa k i d e v uTandebulo naTesaobiTTanac: m e f o b i s a C e m i s a k i d e<br />
romelica mTxovo, mogceo! (sibrZne sicr. 18).<br />
gan Tandebuli erTvis moqmedebiT brunvasac. Zveli qarTulidan moyolebuli<br />
dRemdis dasturdeba fonetikuri cvlilebis sami safexuri: iT-gan →→id-gan →→id-an<br />
(sofliT-gan →→soflid-gan→→ soflidan). pirveli forma Zv. qarTulSi Cndeba, modis<br />
me-19 s-mdis da zogierT kiloSi dResac aris SemorCenili, meore saS. qarTulSi vi-<br />
Tardeba da axal qarTulSic iCens Tavs, mesame ki dasturdeba me-18 s-is ZeglebSi 58<br />
da sabolood batondeba axal saliteraturo qarTulSi. magaliTad: k a x e T i d a n<br />
(Teim. II, 102), v a W r o b i d a n (sibrZne sicr. 1658)... igi me-18 saukunis dokumentebSic<br />
Cans: erTis s o f l i d a n meore sofelSi asaxlebs (1786 w.: saq. siZv. I, 157); e r e v a -<br />
n i d a n (1790 w.: saq. siZv. III, 57); S a m S a d i l i d a n (1787 w.: iqve, 26)...<br />
moqmedebiT brunvasTan g a n Tandebuli a R n i S n a v s :<br />
a) a d g i l s , moqmedebis dawyebis p u n q t s da miugebs kiTxvaze saidan? magali-<br />
Tad:<br />
kidiTgan cisaჲT vidre kidedmde c i s a esჱ ars (xanZ. pa12_13); guemul iyo<br />
ferÃiTa b a r k l i T g a n misiT (kim. 24430); Ã u r e l i T a g a n guelsa gamoiyvaneben<br />
(visr. 59); k˜ci movida stamboliTg˜n (saq. siZv. I, 61)...<br />
Zvelsa da araiSviaTad saS. qarTulSi aris SemTxvevebi, roca kiTxvaze saidan<br />
moqmedebiTis nacvlad g a n Tandebuliani naTesaobiTia: gamoved q u e y a n a s a g a n Senisa<br />
da naTesavisagan Senisa da saxlisagan mamisa Senisa (habo, 641_2); v˜r gamoეda<br />
u d a b n o გ s a g a n (xanmeti mravalT. 24b21_22); SuaRame c i x i s a g a n Camovida<br />
(visr. 295); yma c x e n i s a g a n gardiWra... (v. t. 1335)...<br />
Zv. qarTulSi zogjer erTsa da imave winadadebaSi kiTxvaze saidan erTgan uTandebulo<br />
moqmedebiTia: aRmogiRo wueli igi TualiT SeniT (xanmeti, 376), meoregan<br />
ki g a n - i a n i naTesaobiTi: aRmoiRe... T u a l i s a g a n S e n i s a (iqve, 379). aris iseTi<br />
SemTxvevebic, rodesac winadadebaSi erTgvari wevrebidan erTi uTandebulo moqmedebiTi<br />
brunviTaa warmodgenili, meore ki _ g a n - i a n i naTesaobiTiT. magaliTad: moiwines...<br />
Zmani antioqiad i˜ჱmiT da qalaqisagan ludisa (kim 311_12)...<br />
vefxistyaosansa da visramianSi kiTxvaze saidan sporadulad micemiTi brunvac ixmareba:<br />
... c x e n s a gardaxda asmaTis mosaxvevelad (v. t. 1358); ra moabad c i x e s a gaiyvana<br />
visi, casa erTi mze sxua moemata (visr. 132)...<br />
b) d r o s kiTxvaze r a d r o i d a n ? magaliTad: iyo sixaruli d i l i T g a n (kim.<br />
6123); gardacvalebiTgan misiT daiwera cxorebaÁ (xanZT. pg3); raminis guli a d -<br />
r i T g a n wyluli iyo (visr. 85) 59 ...<br />
cnobilia, rom Zv. qarTulSi kiTxvaze s a i d a n Cveulebriv uTandebulo moqmedebiTi<br />
mougebda. magaliTad: gardamovarda z e c i T q ˜ynad (boln. 2714)...<br />
uTandebulo moqmedebiTi amave funqciiT saS. qarTulSic xSiria: yovliT q u e y -<br />
niT... mecnierni moiyvanna (visr. 21); taxtiT gardiWra (Teim. I, 55); omiT mosruli<br />
tariel saWvretad sasurvelia (v. t. 475); m T i T baramdi ukleblad TquenTvis guiboZebia<br />
(saq. siZv. III, 140)... igi SemorCa mTel rig kiloebs (xevsuruls, moxeurs, fSa-<br />
58 Sdr. arn. C i q o b a v a , erTi ucnobi Tandebuli axal qarTulSi: enimkis moambe, I, gv. 57.<br />
59 amave mniSvnelobiTaa, rom me-18 s. dokumentebsa da zogierTi mwerlis nawerebSi gvxvdeba<br />
Z v e l a d g a n . magaliTad: Z v e l a T g a n a c saxaso da Cveni yma yofiliyveniT (dokument. 557);<br />
Z v e l a d g a n Tqveni samkuidro iyo (saq. siZv. II, 156); Z v e l a d g a n saxelganTqmuli<br />
(baraTaSv. 35); rac ki Z v e l a d g a n gaugonia (nin. 1, 8). ise ki Cveulebrivia Zveli d g a n . sxva<br />
SemTxveva, viTarebiTTan rom g a n Tandebuli iyos naxmari, ar Segvxvedria. Cans, -g a n aq daerTo<br />
Z v e l a d zmnisarTs.<br />
151
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