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dasmuli yvela zedsarTavi saxeli da ricxviTi saxeli, zogi arsebiTi saxeli da nacvalsaxeli formis gaqvavebis gamo sxva metyvelebis nawilad ki ar unda CaiTvalos, aramed ufro logikuri iqneba, Tu vityviT, rom isini, Zireuli funqciisagan gansxvavebiT, garemoebadac gamoiyenebian winadadebaSi. amrigad, Cveni azriT, zmnizedebad CaiTvleba: a) e. w. pirveladi zmnizedebi, romelTa formac dRevandeli TvalsazrisiT, mar- Tlac, gaqvavebulia: guSin, xval, aq, iq, win, ukan... b) meoreuli zmnizedebi, romlebic 1. fuZis gaormagebiTaa miRebuli: adgil-adgil, xSir-xSirad, naWer-naWer, Tanda- Tan, SoriSors... 2. saxelis fuZiTaa warmodgenili: Zlier, nakleb, Zalian... g) meoreuli zmnizedebi, romlebic sityvaTwarmomqmneli afiqsebis darTviTaa mi- Rebuli: 1. `-obiT~ _ zafxulobiT, wlobiT, urmobiT, tonobiT, dilaobiT... 2. `-obliv~, `-obriv~ _ fuTobliv... 3. `-iv~ 10 _ marjvniv, marcxniv, miwyiv, nawilobriv... 4. `jer~ _ `xel~ _ `gzis~ nawilakdarTulni _ orjer, aTjer, erTxel, mravalgzis, samgzis... d) meoreuli zmnizedebi, romelnic brunvis formis modifikaciiT arian miRebulni: 1. zedsarTavi saxelis viTarebiTi brunvis niSans ekeceba bolo Tanxmovani: maRla, dabla, magra, nela, Cqara... 2. arsebiTi da zedsarTavi saxelis micemiTi brunvis forma `qvavdeba~ da mniSvnelobac ecvleba: dRes, wels, Sors, Zirs... 10 ìv” sufiqsi Zvel qarTulSi moqmedebiTi brunvis niSani iyo. 134
Tandebuli qarTulSi 1 135 aram martirosovi Tandebulebi momdinareoben calke, damoukidebeli mniSvnelobis mqone sityvaTagan. TavisTavadi sityvebi xSiri xmarebisagan droTa viTarebaSi ise gacvTnen, rom nawilakebad iqcnen. nawilakebi mxolod sxva sityvasTan urTierTobisas asruleben garkveul funqcias da maTi leqsikuri mniSvnelobac maSin mJRavndeba. zogierT enaSi dResac aris darCenili kvali am odesRac damoukidebeli mniSvnelobis mqone sityva- Ta pirvandeli brunvisa. berZnulSi kargadaa daculi έν da περί windebulTa brunebis odindeli saxe: ἕνί (adgil. br.: ‘ze, Si’); πέρί (adgil. br.), παραί (mic. br.), παρά (instr.) πάρος (naTes. br.). istoriulad Tandebuli saxels rom miekedla, dakarga damoukidebeli mniSvneloba da Tavis mxriT gavlena moaxdina saxelTa brunebis sistemaze. procesi ise Sors wavida, rom Tandebulianma brunvam nawilobriv Seaviwrova da rig SemTxvevaSi gandevna kidec zogierTi damoukidebeli brunva. aseTi bedi ewia brunvebs, mag., frangulsa da inglisurSi. rusulSi windebulianma brunvam Sescvala odindeli adgilobrivi brunva. qarTulSi e. w. dawyebiTs brunvas mogvianebiT Tandebuliani forma Seenacvla. aseve, lokativis mniSvnelobis micemiTis adgili Tandebulianma micemiTma daiWira. amas garda, saxelze Tandebulis darTvam qarTulSi gamoiwvia isic, rom zogierTi brunvis formebs daekargaT brunvis niSani da garegnulad fuZes daemsgavsnen (saxl+Si, amxanag+Tan, magida+ze, dRe+mde). Tandebulebi qarTulSi imave funqcias asruleben, rasac sxva enebSi windebulebi. arsebiTi gansxvaveba isaa, rom windebuli win uZRvis saxels, Tandebuli ki mosdevs mas. magram es gansxvavebac umniSvnelo aRmoCndeba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT ganviTarebis im gzas, romelic gaiares windebulianma enebma. mag., germanulSi SeniSnulia, rom rigi windebulebi, romlebic jer axlo kavSirSi iyvnen zmnisarTebTan, win ki ar uZRodnen saxels, aramed mosdevdnen mas. Tanamedrove germanulSi mraval am rigis windebuls aqa-iq SemorCenili aqvs Zveli wesi, aseTebia: durch, über, rodesac dros aRniSnaven. mag. drei Tage durch, den Tag über... Nach SeiZleba saxelis Semdeg gvevlinebodes maSin, roca igi gamoxatavs ‘Tanaxmad’ (‘согласно, по’), mag., dieser Methode nach, meiner Meinung nach. aseve ixmareba gemäss. Zu gamoyenebulia saxelis Semdeg, roca igi gadmoscems moZraobis mizans, mag., er strebt dem Ziele zu.saxelis Semdeg SeiZleba iyos agreTve: entgegen, gegenxber, zuwider, zufolge, wegen da sxv. Halber ki yovelTvis postopoziciurad ixmareba 2 . aseve rusulSi ради windebuli zogjer saxels mosdevs. ase iyo Zvel qarTulSic: nawilaki saxelTan windebuladac gvevlineboda da Tandebuladac. Tandebuli erTvis arsebiTs, zedsarTavsa da ricxviT saxelebs, nacvalsaxelebs, zmnisarTebsa da saxelzmnas ama Tu im brunvaSi. sxva enebis msgavsad, qarTulSi Tandebuli ixmareba irib brunvebTan. moTxrobiTi da wodebiTi Tandebuls ver iguebs. saxelobiTTan mxolod v i T Tandebuli gvxvdeba da isic mogviano periodis qar- TulSi. misi sabolood Camoyalibeba jerac ar aris dasrulebuli. Tandebuli Cveulebriv erT romelime brunvas erTvis, zogi ki orsa da samsac moiTxovs, magram sxvadasxva brunvasTan xmarebuli Tandebuli sxvadasxva funqciis mqonea, rusulSi, mag., windebuli в, на braldebiTsa da windebulian brunvebs erTvis, germanulSi ki an, auf, hinter, neben, in, über, vor, zwischen _ braldebiTsa da micemiTs, magram am brunvaTa gamoyenebaSi is gansxvavebaa, rom pirvelTan kiTxvaze sad? (где? wo?) sag- 1 iberiul-kavkasiuri enaTmecniereba, I, 1946. 2 Л. Р. Зиндер и Т. В. Сокольская, Научная грамматика немецкого языка, gv. 79.
Page 1 and 2:
g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
Page 3 and 4:
S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
Page 5 and 6:
lopis kunZuls niSnavs: Πελοπό
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da, roca qaragmas gavxsniT da Zvel
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merme Camodga S e r T u l T a (*501
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3. Sexewie bolnisis sionis sakurTxe
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gramatikuli subieqti zogierT gardau
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gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans subieqti
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luri mxare, aramed am zmnebis mniSv
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da, yvarebia, eyvareba; uyvardes, y
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fologiurad gagebuli da dafasebulia
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Tqmulis Semdeg advili gadasawyvetia
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vTqvaT, rom `moaqvs~ da `mohyavs~ i
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gardauvalma zmnebma ki sazogadod in
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dinamikurs, kerZod, gamoxatavs dina
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gramatikulma subieqtma sabolood dak
Page 33 and 34:
Tavis adgils. es procesi enis ganvi
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⎡ i⎤ sga / ska da qa zmniswineb
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gamoekueTa kldisagan (DE mT 27, 60)
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ma- zmniswini yovelgvari asimilacii
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amitom is I piris myofobis areSi ig
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war- zmniswinis zemoaRniSnuli mniSv
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mimarTulebas gadmoscems; mag.: a R
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7. uku-, wiaR-. Zvel qarTulSi iSvia
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Sinaarsobrivi an stiluric aris, ker
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lian xSirad aris warmodgenili erTi
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seburi daboloebiTac, magaliTad: ibm
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tipis vnebiTebSic (gaTbnen, aSendne
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g. orpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebis
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zog SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba), magram
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saTvis. asea sil. xundaZesTan, ias.
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1. awmyosagan iwarmoeba (àwmdgomis
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gan gansxvavebiT, TurmeobiTi meore,
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axsna mecnierebis mizans warmoadgen
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TulSi gvaqvs (ubrZanebies, dauteveb
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Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi ar mogvepov
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struqciis ganviTarebis meqanizmi? T
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velSi SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos pi
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viCnioT. sailustraciod SeiZleba pir
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nareobs -en sufiqsisagan, romlic zm
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neboda imis codna, -a enacvleba Cve
Page 83 and 84: umTavresad e, ufro iSviaTad o/i rig
Page 85 and 86: gvaqvs prefiqsiani dinamikuri vnebi
Page 87 and 88: 87 ivane qavTaraZe dro-kiloTa mesam
Page 89 and 90: Ruawli keTili mogiRuawebies: xanZT.
Page 91 and 92: moTxr. 278. ukanaskneli valdebuli i
Page 93 and 94: aq moeyarnaT Tavi alvanel mwyemsebs
Page 95 and 96: meore TurmeobiTis zemoT moyvanilma
Page 97 and 98: sis gavrcelebisaken ufroa midrekile
Page 99 and 100: yvela am tipis zmnaSi? -n marTlac,
Page 101 and 102: mimReobis warmoeba qarTulSi 1 101 e
Page 103 and 104: kÂrn-e _ m-i-kÂr-s, mo-cal-e _ i-
Page 105 and 106: tyuv-an, m-tkiv-an, m-siv-an, m-civ
Page 107 and 108: me gvqondes qarTuli enis ganviTareb
Page 109 and 110: drois gamoxatvis sakiTxi mimReobaTa
Page 111 and 112: adgan mimReobis formebSi istoriulad
Page 113 and 114: `zogs oci kaci hyvanda, zogs ocdaaT
Page 115 and 116: ev: sa-kum-ev-el, aR-r-e(v)-ul, rC-
Page 117 and 118: niSnavda; subieqti _ moqmedebis Sem
Page 119 and 120: fiqsi unda gvqonoda (sainteresoa, r
Page 121 and 122: adamianTa saxelebs ganmeorebis maRa
Page 123 and 124: dasaxelebuli zedsarTavi saxelebi aw
Page 125 and 126: maT mravlobiTi ricxvi morfologiurad
Page 127 and 128: cipia gatarebuli _ yvela brunvaSi w
Page 129 and 130: verc imas vityviT, rom zemomoyvanil
Page 131 and 132: siwiTle _ abstraqciaa (`wiTlis Tvis
Page 133: dabali _ dabla neli _ nela Cqari _
Page 137 and 138: * * * Tandebulia nawilaki, romelic
Page 139 and 140: saSuali qarTulis zogierT ZeglSi ari
Page 141 and 142: Ti qarTulSi odesRac garCeuli gramat
Page 143 and 144: Sina Sedis Sinagan zmnisarTSi: Sina
Page 145 and 146: saxelsac) e r T a d zmnisarTi mosde
Page 147 and 148: poves saxlaki erTi C r d i l o ჲ
Page 149 and 150: ebr Tandebuli aRniSnavs m s g a v s
Page 151 and 152: saS. qarTulSi g a n Tandebulian sax
Page 153 and 154: zogierT ZeglSi u r T Tandebuli mcda
Page 155 and 156: 11. viT sxvebTan erTad h. fogtma aR
Page 157 and 158: S v i l s Soris mZime siCume (g. we
Page 159 and 160: dokumentebSi w i l -s zogjer enacvl
Page 161 and 162: ) udrida garda Tandebuls. win ixmar
Page 163 and 164: Sorisdebuli axal saliteraturo qarTu
Page 165 and 166: visp.); èh, Zmav, wadi Sen Sens gz
Page 167 and 168: gilourSi m. j a n a S v i l s (`her
Page 169 and 170: nasxvaveben. mdidari intonaciur-eqs
Page 171 and 172: nazmnari modaluri elementebi qarTul
Page 173 and 174: semantikisgan daclilia): `lamis, ro
Page 175 and 176: awmyo: u-n-a u-nd-a namyo usruli: u
Page 177 and 178: da...), magram imis gamo, rom II ka
Page 179 and 180: kvlav erTi sadavo sakiTxis gamo 1 1
Page 181 and 182: Cemken: ilia, 213, 3. ubralo damate
Page 183 and 184: 183 arnold Ciqobava martivi winadad
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aRguamaRlna man Cuen... dagÂcven S
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aseTi micemiTi inversiul zmnebTan 6
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aseTia Sedegi. p r o c e s o b r i
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RS _ Cven, Tqven _ saxelobiTSia: RO
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lebelo: n. dumb. 264. roca obieqtis
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aseTi zmna emsgavseba gardamavali z
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isini mieSvelnen mas || maT _ is mi
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aseTive mdgomareobaa orpirianad qce
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erTi sintaqsuri movlenis Sesaxeb 1
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3. atributuli msazRvrel-sazRvruli,
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ubralo damateba Tu adgilis garemoeb
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es xerxi (igi m. venslovas SemouTav
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substantiuri msazRvreli 1 209 anton
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SemTxvevaSi `Tu sasxviso qcevis for
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unebas Cemi qveynis feri emateboda;
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as karg adamianTa saxelebi gadavceT
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6. spilenZis veeba da mcire qvabebs
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ai, ras vkiTxulobT komisiis dadgeni
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d) kiTxviTi nacvalsaxeli: ra saamur
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is dalocvili mRvdeli xSirad migebda
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jaba... im nikelis sawolSi iwva (e.
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ma, mwvane vels...)~ 12 . amgvarad,
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miuxedavad imisa, rom mezoblad moxv
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kasri; gatexili Rvinis Wiqa; lamazi
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cota rTuldeba saqme, rodesac dawese
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1. stendzea fotopiri ienis universi
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237 cira kalaZe sazRvruli saxelis r
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moyvanili magaliTebis gverdiT gvxvd
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sazRvravs atributuli da marTuli msa
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Raribi xuros ojaxSi aRzrdilis ZarRv
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xelmZR.). dargvis sixSiris mixedviT
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zmnisarT-kavSirTa gamoyenebisaTvis
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manam mebaRe moitanda, vezirma sxva
Page 251 and 252:
Si laparaki iqneba sareklamo saqmis
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CarTuli 1 253 neli cqitiSvili CarTu
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gvxvdeba, Zvel qarTulSi araa mkveTr
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zoma-odenobis aRmniSvneli zmnizedeb
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leben. swored am SemTxvevaSi ara gv
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vneloba aqvs: 1. iqiTa mxares, im m
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Si albaT TandaTan icleba leqsikuri
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oca igi CarTulis funqcias asrulebs.
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ziciaSia igi meore zmna-Semasmenlis
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uxeiro damwersa (ilia); Tu rusTavel
Page 271 and 272:
darRveva. masalis simciris gamo igi
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a l b a T , axalgazrdobas yvela dro
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gvagonebs glaxa WriaSvilis _ am ,,s
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ogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, ambobs фant
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S i n a a r s i 1. Sesavali -------
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