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gramatikuli klas-kategoriis moSlisa an zmnis uRvlilebaSi drois kategoriis Camoyalibebis<br />
Semdeg zmnis fuZidan nawarmoebi saxeli mimReobad Camoyalibda: gramatikuli<br />
klasis niSnebma droisa da gvaris gamoxatva ikisres.<br />
aseTi unda iyos qarTulSi mimReobaTa warmoebis Camoyalibebis gza, magram TiTqos<br />
SesaZlebelia ufro adrindeli safexurebis gaTvaliswinebac.<br />
vidre zmnis fuZisagan saxels miviRebdiT, mimReobas sxva forma da Sinaarsi unda<br />
hqonoda.<br />
mimReobas, rogorc saxels, istoriulad mimReobis mawarmoebeli sufiqsi aformebda.<br />
magram qarTulSi gvxvdeba usufiqso mimReobaTa erTi tipi, romelic ZvelisZveli<br />
viTarebis amsaxvelad aris miCneuli da romlis siZvele dokumentobrivad mtkicdeba<br />
24 . mimReobis es formebi qarTuli enis uZveles ZeglebSia dadasturebuli. damaxasiaTebelia,<br />
rom mimReobis am formebSi zmnis martivi fuZea mocemuli, rac maT siZveles<br />
gaxazavs: me-ot, me-ox, u-rC, mo-Ruaw, u-Ruaw, u-qm, u-tyu, u-sm, m-xed, m-zrax, nerg,<br />
ne-St, ne-stu.<br />
mimReobis es tipi erTi mxriv iqcevs yuradRebas: arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs im<br />
faqts, rom mimReobebis am formebSi sufiqsi ara gvaqvs.<br />
raki mimReobis Camoyalibebis dros gramatikuli klasis kategoria cocxali iyo<br />
da zmnac gramatikuli klasis mixedviT iuRvloda (nacvlad ufro gviandeli pirovani<br />
uRvlilebisa), maSin zmnis klasovani forma da usufiqso forma mimReobisa erTmaneTs<br />
daemTxveoda: prefiqsebi m-, n-, s- obieqtis an subieqtis klasis maCveneblebi iqneboda<br />
zmnasa da mimReobaSic (imis mixedviT gardamavali iyo zmna Tu gardauvali).<br />
rom istoriulad SesaZlebeli iyo mimReobis forma zmnis klasovan formas dam-<br />
Txveoda, amas dRevandeli qarTulis masalac cxadyofs.<br />
mimReobis funqciiT qarTulSi zmnis piriani formebica gvxvdeba: `arsi~, `Rirsi~,<br />
`msgavsi~, `xerTvisi~ _ varT Cuen x e r T Â s i s a erTisani... (kimeni, II, 23, 24), `iqcevisi~<br />
_ da daadgina qerobini motyinare da maxvili i q c e v i s i dacvad gzisa cxorebisasa<br />
(dab., 3’ 24), `iZrvisi~ _ ars romelime i Z r v i s i , romeli iwodebis grZRabi (mÃecT,<br />
iz.,1) `mrwamsi~ _ mrwamssa ityoda da cremlooda (kimeni I, 170,35), `miyuari~ _ miy<br />
u a r i siZisaÁ mis, romeli dgan da ismenn (i. 3, 29 C; DE redaqciaSi: `megobari siZisa~).<br />
zmnis piriani forma rom mimReobis funqciiT gamoiyenebodes, amis magaliTebs uxvad<br />
gvawvdis Wanuri (i. yifSiZe megrulSic adasturebs amis magaliTebs). es ki imas<br />
mowmobs, rom qarTveluri enebisaTvis zmnis piriani formiT mimReobis Sinaarsis gamoxatva<br />
da Semdeg misi saxelad qcevis SesaZlebloba ar unda yofiliyo SeuZlebeli.<br />
gansakuTrebiT sayuradRebo is aris, rom mimReobis es formebi statikuri zmnebia<br />
imav dros. statikuri zmna ki drois mixedviT SezRudulia; faqtobriv drois kategoria<br />
statikur zmnebs ara aqvT. e. i. zmnis iseT formas SeiZleboda hqonoda mimReobis<br />
funqcia, romelic drois mixedviT ar aris gansazRvruli.<br />
meore mxriv, zmnis is formebi, romlebic mimReobis Sinaarssac gadmoscemen, dinamikuri<br />
zmnis diuratiuli aspeqtis formas warmoadgenen (iZvrisi, xerTvisi, iqcevisi).<br />
zmna statikur-diuratiuli sawyisiT minimalurad gansxvavdeba saxelisagan (arn.<br />
Ciqobava), diuratiulobis i sufiqsis gamoa, rom zmnis piriani forma imav dros mim-<br />
Reobis Sinaarssac gadmogvcems.<br />
Tu istoriulad mimReobaTa warmoebis usufiqso tipia Zveli, maSin dinamikur<br />
zmnas mimReobis Sinaarsi SeeZlo gadmoeca mxolod im SemTvevaSi, Tu igi diuratiuli<br />
aspeqtis formiT iqneboda mocemuli.<br />
amitom dinamikur zmnaTa usufiqso mimReobebSi, romlebic gramatikuli klas-kategoriis<br />
moqmedebis periodSi zmnis klasovan formas emTxveoda, diuratiulobis i su-<br />
24 a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTvelur enebSi, gv. 126, $ 47.<br />
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