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niSnavda; subieqti _ moqmedebis Semsrulebeli ki Cveulebriv vin klasis saxelia.<br />
ra viTareba igulisxmeba gardamaval zmnebTan?<br />
gardamaval zmnas aqvs sasubieqto da saobieqto mimReobis formebic. Tu gramatikuli<br />
klas-kategoriis moqmedebis periodSic aseT viTarebas vigulisxmebT, maSin sasubieqto<br />
da saobieqto mimReobebi formiT erTmaneTs daemTxveoda.<br />
magram gardamavali zmnis mimReobaSi morfologiurad mxolod erTi afiqsia warmodgenili.<br />
is an obieqtis klasis maCvenebeli iyo an subieqtisa. aseT pirobebSi rogorRa<br />
aris SesaZlebeli erTma da imave formam mimReobisa moqmedebis subieqtsa da<br />
obieqtzec miuTiTos. Teoriulad es Zneli warmosadgenia, magram amis daSvebis SesaZleblobas<br />
mTis kavkasiur enaTa monacemebi iZleva.<br />
bacburSi gardamavali zmnis mimReoba mxolod pirdapiri obieqtis klass aRniSnavs,<br />
magram imis mixedviT Tu ra pozicia ukavia mimReobis mimarT pirdapir obieqts,<br />
is SeiZleba moqmedebis subieqtsac etolebodes da pirdapiri obieqtic aRniSnos:<br />
`dayin~ mimReobis forma calke aRebuli qarTulis saobieqto mimReobasac udris<br />
(`SeWmuli~) da sasubieqto mimReobasac (`mWameli~), Tu pirdapiri obieqti win uZRvis<br />
mimReobis formas, is gardamavali zmnis subieqts aRniSnavs `fhor dayin~ _ vaxSmis<br />
mWameli (vaxSam-naWami); Tu obieqti mosdevs mimReobas, is gardamavali zmnis obieqts<br />
udris: dayin fhor _ SeWmuli vaxSami (naWami vaxSami).<br />
qarTulSi savsebiT analogiuri warmoeba gvaqvs `xmalamowvdilis~ tipis mimReobebSi.<br />
qarTulSic gramatikuli klas-kategoriis moqmedebis periodSi gardamavali zmnis<br />
mimReobaSi obieqtis klasis niSani iyo warmodgenili, xolo mimReoba SeiZleba sasubieqtoc<br />
yofiliyo.<br />
gardamaval zmnas dResac mimReobis sami forma aqvs: m-, s- da n- prefiqsiani; amaTgan<br />
m- prefiqsiani forma mimReobisa sasubieqtoa, s- da n- prefiqsiani formebi moqmedebis<br />
obieqts aRniSnaven.<br />
n- da s- prefiqsebi mimReobaSi obieqtis maCveneblad darCa; es imiT aixsneba, rom<br />
obieqti pasiurs, umoqmedos warmoadgens da mas nivTis klasis niSani ganekuTvna, mim-<br />
Reobac mxolod obieqtze miuTiTebs.<br />
m- prefiqsiani forma mimReobisa sasubieqtoa; mxolod m- prefiqsi ukve moqmedebis<br />
subieqtis maCvenebelia da ara pirdapiri obieqtisa. subieqtze miTiTeba ki mimReobaSi<br />
zmnis fuZis gaaqtivebis Semdeg, e. i. awmyos wyebis dro-kiloTa Camoyalibebis Semdgom<br />
unda dawyebuliyo, roca zmnaSi subieqtis aRniSvnac gaxda aucilebeli. amitomvea<br />
mimReobis m- prefiqsiani forma awmyo droisa.<br />
ra funqcia hqonda mimReobis mawarmoebel sufiqsebs?<br />
mimReobis mawarmoebeli sufiqsebis funqcia garkveulia monografiaSi `saxelis<br />
fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTvelur enebSi~ 23 .<br />
mimReoba nazmnari zedsarTavi saxelia, zmnis fuZidan nawarmoebi saxeli. imisaTvis,<br />
rom zmnisagan saxeli migveRo, bunebrivi iyo saxelis fuZis mawarmoebeli sufiqsi<br />
gamoeyenebina enas. prefiqss, romelic mimReobis warmoebaSi iRebs monawilebas, ar<br />
SeeZlo zmnuri fuZe saxelad eqcia. prefiqsi gramatikuli klasis niSani iyo da Tanabrad<br />
damaxasiaTebeli rogorc zmnisa, ise saxelisaTvis. zmnur fuZes saxelad<br />
swored mimReobis mawarmoebeli sufiqsi aqcevda.<br />
amgvarad, mimReobis mawarmoebeli afiqsebidan prefiqsi gramatikuli klasis maCvenebeli<br />
iyo istoriulad, xolo sufiqsi saxelis fuZis determinanti, romelic<br />
zmnur fuZes saxelad aqcevda. drosa da gvarze miTiTeba am afiqsebma mas Semdeg<br />
ikisres, roca maTi pirvandeli funqcia daiCrdila.<br />
radgan istoriulad mimReobaSi arc gvari da arc dro ar gamoixateboda, mimReoba<br />
zmnis fuZidan nawarmoebi Cveulebrivi saxeli unda yofiliyo (droisa da gvaris<br />
mixedviT ganusazRvreli), romelic mxolod subieqtis an obieqtis klass aRniSnavda.<br />
23 ix. a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTvelur enebSi, Tbilisi, 1942.<br />
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