q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

kÂrn-e _ m-i-kÂr-s, mo-cal-e _ i-cl-i-s, mo-urn-e _ i-urv-i-s, mo-qm-ed _ i-qm-s, mo-qadul
_ i-qad-i-s, mo-nan-ul _ i-nan-i-s, mo-Ruaw _ i-Ruw-i-s, mo-Tmin-e _ i-Tmen-s, mo-brZav
(sulT-mobrZavi) _ i-brZv-i-s, mo-Zrav _ i-Zrv-i-s, mo-zard-ul || mo-zard _ i-zrd-eb-a,
mo-rev _ i-rev-a.
vfiqrobT, SemTxveviTi ar unda iyos, rom i- prefiqsiani zmnebi mimReobaSi o xmovans
gamoavlenen. aseTi damTxveva garkveuli kanonzomierebis xasiaTs atarebs.
magram sakmao raodenobiT aris imis magaliTebic, roca zmnas i prefiqsi ar awarmoebs,
magram mimReobaSi o prefiqsi gvaqvs (mo-rC-il _ erCis, mo-rbed _ rb-i-s, mo-kudav
_ kudavs, mo-sav _ vesav...). o xmovnis arseboba aseT SemTxvevaSi analogias miewereba:
enaSi iyo garkveuli yalibi mimReobis warmoebisa da misi gamoyeneba SeeZlo
sxvadasxva prefiqsiT warmoebul zmnas.
mainc aRsaniSnavia, rom is zmnebi, romlebic, ase vTqvaT, umarTebulod gamoavlenen
mimReobaSi o xmovans, ZiriTadad statikuri zmnebia: mo-Zul-e, mo-surn-e || mo-surv-e,
mo-rcxv-i, mo-Tn-e, mo-sav, mo-rC-il, mo-rb-ed, mo-Surn-e...
statikur zmnaTa umravlesobaSi i statikurobis morfologiuri niSani (romelic
istoriulad diuratiuli aspeqtis maCvenebelia) warmodgenilia, magram igi sufiqsad
gvxvdeba yovelTvis.
iqneb mimReobis am formaTa mixedviT vivaraudoT, rom am aspeqtiseuli -i afiqsis
adgili zmnaSi ar iyo imTaviTve fiqsirebuli da igi SeiZleba prefiqsadac mogvvlineboda.
am mxriv sainteresoa zog inversiul statikur zmnaSi i prefiqsis gamovlena I da
II pirSi (III-Si i→u), romelic arc qcevisaa da arc vnebiTi gvarisa: m-i-yuar, gi-yuar,
m-i-kÂr-s, g-i-kÂr-s, m-i-xar-i-s.
ras unda gamoewvia mimReobis formebSi i-s o-d Secvla? labializaciis procesiT
amis axsna gaWirdeboda imis gamo, rom m prefiqsTan a da e xmovnebic gvxvdeba da amgvar
fonetikur process adgili ara aqvs.
safiqrebelia, rom mi-m mogvca mo garkveul dialeqtSi. iqneb am fonetikur process
xeli Seuwyo im garemoebam, rom i-iani forma mimReobisa zmnis pirian formas
daemTxveoda bevr SemTxvevaSi: mi-yuar-e, mi-Zul-e, mi-Tmin-e, mi-wyal-e, mi-surv-e...
qarTuli metad mdidaria mimReobis mawarmoebeli sufiqsebiT, Cveulebriv sufiqsebi
prefiqsTan erTad arian warmodgenili mimReobaSi. mxolod -il da -ul sufiqsebi
prefiqsis gareSec awarmoeben mimReobas. oden sufiqsiani warmoeba mimReobisa namyo
droisaa yovelTvis. mimReobis mawarmoebeli sxva sufiqsebi sxvadasxva droisa da
gvaris mimReobebSi gvxvdeba.
gansakuTrebiT produqtiulia qarTulSi mimReobis mawarmoebeli -el sufiqsi. igi
m-, ma-, me-, mo- prefiqsebTan erTad awarmoebs sasubieqto mimReobas gardamavali da
gardauvali statikuri zmnebidan. imave gardamaval zmnaTagan -el sufiqsiTa da sa-
prefiqsiT nawarmoebi mimReoba ki saobieqtoa, e. i. udris amosavali zmnis pirdapir
obieqts.
namyo drois mimReobaSi na- prefiqsTan erTad -el sufiqsi ar gvxvdeba, Tu mimReobis
formad ar miviCnieT na-T-el _ nawarmoebi saxeli (Sdr. a-T-ev-s, gan-T-en-a, T-end-eb-a,
gan-T-i-ad).
oden -el sufiqsi Cans mimReobis mawarmoeblad mimReobis ganmÃel formaSi. `ganÃmel~
rom mimReobis formaa, amas preverbi cxadyofs. mxolod kiTxva ismis, xom ar
aris am formaSi m- prefiqsi dakarguli fonetikur niadagze n-s mezoblobaSi? aseTi
SesaZlebloba gamoricxuli ar aris. magram, meore mxriv, iqneb prefiqsis uqonloba
Sinagan kavSirSi iyo preverbis darTvasTan (Seadare analogiuri viTareba Wanur mim-
ReobaSi).
Ãmebis `zmnisagan (romlis mimReobac ars `ganÃmel~) ganmÃmar mimReobis forma iyo
mosalodneli, romelic gvxvdeba kidec. magram gvaqvs `Ãmel~ zedsarTavi saxelic.
`ganÃmar~ mimReoba da `Ãmel~ zedsarTavi saxeli SinaarsiT savsebiT faraven erTmaneTs
(Sdr. am mxriv `didi~ da `gadidebuli~). amitom, SesaZlebelia, `ganÃmel~ forma-
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