q a r T u l i e n a d a l i t e r a t u r a

ani formebi mimReobisa Cveulebriv ara aqvs. Tumca aqa-iq erTpirian zmnas mimReobis
sa-prefiqsiani formebic moepoveba, magram isini dros ar gamoxataven da aRniSnaven
an moqmedebis adgils (sa-rb-i-el, sa-dg-ur...), an iaraRs, riTac moqmedeba warmoebs.
gardamaval zmnaTagan sa- prefiqsiT nawarmoebi mimReoba myofadi droisaa, xolo
imave prefiqsiT statikur inversiul zmnaTagan nawarmoebi mimReoba dros ar aRniSnavs
(sa-yuar-el, sa-Zul-el, sa-wad-el...).
drois momenti daCrdilulia im formebSic, romlebic gasubstantivdnen. amis gamovea,
rom iaraRisa da moqmedebis adgilis aRmniSvnel mimReobebSi preverbiani variantebi
ar gvxvdeba. preverbis darTvis SemTxvevaSi myofadi drois mimReobas viRebT:
sa-zrd-el da ga-sa-zrd-el, sa-vseb-el da a-sa-vseb-el, sa-Txr-el da ga-sa-Txr-el...
mimReobis mawarmoebel prefiqsad gvxvdeba Tanxmovani xmovnis TanxlebiT da uxmovnodac.
s prefiqsTan mudam a xmovani gvaqvs, n-sTan _ a da e xmovnebi, m- prefiqsi
uxmovnodac aris gamoyenebuli da a, e, o xmovanTa TanxlebiTac. qarTulSi mimReoba-
Ta warmoebis erT-erTi sakiTxia, gairkves ra funqciis mqone arian es xmovnebi da saerTod
aris Tu ara SesaZlebeli mimReobis mawarmoebel prefiqsTa daSla xmovniT
da TanxmovniTs elementebad?
mimReobis mawarmoebel prefiqsTa daSlis SesaZleblobas is garemoeba iZleva,
rom erTsa da imave TanxmovanTan sxvadasxva xmovani gvxvdeba da isic, rom xmovnian
mawarmoebelTa gverdiT gvaqvs prefiqsis uxmovno variantebic.
magram erTia daSlis SesaZlebloba da meore _ TiToeuli elementisaTvis funqciis
daZebna. kiTxva dgas: aqvs Tu ara xmovniT elements garkveuli funqcia?
specialur literaturaSi arsebobs mosazreba, romlis mixedviT mimReobis mawarmoebeli
prefiqsis xmovniT elements kavSiri unda hqondes zmnis fuZis prefiqsul
xmovanTan 3 .
am varauds garkveuli dabrkolebebi xvdeba win:
1. sxvadasxva xmovani mxolod m- prefiqsTana gvaqvs. s-sTan mxolod a xmovani gvxvdeba.
nawilobriv es iTqmis na- prefiqsis Sesaxebac.
2. zmnis fuZes xSirad i xmovani awarmoebs; mimReobis formebSi i prefiqsi ar Cans.
3. da piriqiT, zmnis fuZis mawarmoeblad ara gvaqvs o prefiqsi; mimReobis warmoebaSi
prefiqsTan o xmovani iRebs monawileobas.
4. mimReobis warmoebaSi monawile prefiqsebi (xmovniTurT) gvxvdeba saxelisagan
nawarmoeb saxelebSic. Tu mimReobaSi prefiqsis xmovniTi nawili zmnis fuZis mawarmoebeli
prefiqsia, ra funqcia aqvs imave xmovnebs saxelebSi?
magram CamoTvlil dabrkolebaTa miuxedavad es varaudi bevr SemTxvevaSi mar-
Tldeba.
kerZod, roca a xmovani gvxvdeba m- prefiqsTan erTad, igi zmnaTa absoluturi umravlesobisaTvis
fuZis mawarmoebeli prefiqsia: ma-mko-bel _ amkobs, maqebel _ aqebs,
maSenebel _ aSenebs, mauwyebel _ auwyebs, maginebel _ aginebs...
gamonaklisia mxolod mimReobis sami forma: ma-ZR-ar, ma-Sur-al, ma-val.
mTel rig SemTxvevebSi e xmovanic zmnis fuZis mawarmoebeli prefiqsi Cans: metyuel
_ etyvis, meZiebel _ eZiebs, metyebel || metyebar _ etyebda...
o zmnis fuZis mawarmoebel prefiqsad ar gvaqvs qarTulSi da saerTod o xmovani,
rogorc afiqsi, bevr SemTxvevaSi meoreulia da fonetikur niadagzea miRebuli.
aris Tu ara SesaZlebeli mimReobis mawarmoebeli prefiqsis xmovniTi elementis
o-s axsna fonetikur niadagze.
am mxriv yuradRebas iqcevs im zmnaTa mimReobis formebi, romelTa fuZes i xmovani
awarmoebs; mimReobaSi Sesabamisad prefiqsTan o xmovania warmodgenili: mo-yuar-e
_ m-i-yuar, mo-ZRu-ar _ m-i-ZRÂs, mo-swraf-e _ i-swraf-i-s, mo-cin-ar _ i-cin-i-s, mo-
3 ix. a) G. deeters, das khartvelische Verbum, Leipzig, 1930, gv., 225, § 425, 413, 434.
b) a r n . C i q o b a v a , saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTvelur enebSi, $ 85, gv., 214.
102