1 farnavazis sizmari da mefobis legitimaciis tipologia `cxovreba ...
1 farnavazis sizmari da mefobis legitimaciis tipologia `cxovreba ... 1 farnavazis sizmari da mefobis legitimaciis tipologia `cxovreba ...
naTesavsa zeda qarTvelTasa~ [1:20]). sizmris `egulveboda ganslva da ver ganvida~ im gamouvali mdgomareobis reliefuri asaxvaa, romelsac farnavazi qarTlSi ganicdis. deda usaxeloa, radgan is dedobis princips gamoxatavs ganzogadebulad: deda _ mrCeveli, deda _ Semfarebeli, deda _ mxsneli; es usaxelo deda SeiZleboda, msgavsad gilgameSis dedisa, Tavisi Svilis sizmris amxsneli yofiliyo, rom cxadiseul gamocdilebas ar gamoeaSkaravebina sizmris sazrisi. SeniSvna.* deduleTSi dabruneba farnavazisTvis xsnis iseTive perspeqtiva iyo, rogoric gamoxatulia Sumerul konceptSi ama-ar-gi `dedasTan dabruneba~ romelic gviCvenebs dedis (ama) wiaRs, kalTas, rogorc ukanasknel TavSesafars, adamianis bunebriv samyofels. mxolod amargiSi, romelic sawyisi mdgomareobaa, poulobs adamiani Tavisuflebas, amitomac `dedasTan dabruneba~ Tavisuflebis ideis tolfasi konceptia. SeniSvna.** meore mxriv, Tu yofiT doneze gadavinacvlebT, dedis Zmebi aspanSi farnavazisTvis bunebiTi mfarvelebi unda yofiliyvnen. cnobilia dedisZmaTa gansakuTrebuli roli diswulis bed-iRbalSi. amas vadasturebT rogorc `primitiul~, ise dawinaurebul civilizaciebSi. gavixsenoT, sad miiRo odisevsma Tavisi ganTqmuli Wriloba _ identifikaciis erTgavri niSani, romliTac igi evrikleam gamoicno. an Tundac xevsuruli: `diswuli dedisZmisgana ar gaicvlebis sxvazeda~ magram farnavazis SemTxvevaSi, zebunebrivi Zalebis Carevis gamo, es SesaZlebloba ar aris realizebuli. oblobis motivi gamoyenebulia bagrationTa sagvareulos warmoSobis miTosSi. am xalxuri Tqmulebis jer-jerobiT erTaderTi varianti vaxuSti batoniSvils ekuTvnis: `vgoneb, viTarca sityva ars iverielTa Sina, rameTu iremman ganzarda bagrationi, iyo ese guram raJams moukles mama da miuRes berZenTa bolo klarjeTisa, amas eZiebden da damales gamzrdelTa da mwirobasa Sina yrma ese Seegua (var. Seudga) iremsa, awovebda da aRivsis da avlinebda. Semdgomad ixiles sakvirveli ese klarjTa, hscnes bagratovaneba misi, miiyvanes da hyves kvalad erisTav-erisTavad. sarwmuno patroni klarjTa da mesxTa” [4, 694]. am unikaluri teqstis bolo winadadeba _ `amisTvis iqmna umetes sarwmuno patroni~ _ mowmobs, rom misi avtorisTvis (aseve iverielebisTvis, kerZod, klarjTaTvis) oblobis, gadamalvis da mwirobis es modeli Zlieri legitimaciis xarisxis mqonea. bagrationTa legitimaciaze narkvevis meore nawilSi gveqneba saubari, aq ki unda aRiniSnos, rom guaramis statusi, rogorc oblisa da mwirisa, miT ufro Zlieria, rom igi mokluli mamis Zea iseve, rogorc farnavazi. am modelSi niSandoblivia nulovani done, saidanac aRzevdeba mefobis kandidati. es varianti dasturdeba aqadeli sargonis (Zv. w. 2334-2279) gamefebis andrezSic, sadac aseve ar arsebobs raime wanamZRvari, romelic istoriulad gaamarTlebda mis gamefebas. Tumca misi deda RvTismxevalia, magram mama ucnobia (Tumc ara mokluli), rac mis mdabio warmoSobas unda gulisxmobdes. asea Tu ise, mSobeli deda TavisTan ar itovebs axladSobils da wyalSi gadasagdebad imetebs, rasac, SesaZloa, ori mizezi hqondes: erTi is, rom bavSvi imTaviTve mosaklavad iyo 4
ganwiruli (romulusisa da remusis, an bibliuri moses varianti), meore is, rom dedas surs sircxvili Camoirecxos bavSvis moSorebiT (laSa-giorgis varianti). sargons, garda saxelisa _ `mefe kanonieri~ (sharru kenu), rac imas niSnavs, rom misi mefobis kanoniereba ar aris ganmtkicebuli winaparTa rigiT da moiTxovs legitimaciis sxva tips, aratradiciulad (Tumca yoveli modeli Tavad aris tradicia) gadaecema mefoba. Cvili Casves lerwmis godorSi, Sefises igi da evfratis dinebas gaatanes. godori mebaRem amoitana wylidan, bavSvi amosva, gazarda da mebaRed daadgina. mebaReobisas Wabuki qalRmerTma iSTarma Seiyvara da Sumer-aqadis mefed gaxada. qalRmerTis mier am arCevaSi mdgomareobs misi xarizma, ufro sworad, xarizmis pirobaa es arCeva. visTvisac amgvari narativi ar Seqmnila, unda dakmayofilebuliyo im sityvebiT, romlebic xaldis taZarSi dadgmul Tavis qandaks waawera urartus mefem rusa I-ma (mefobis xani Zv. w. 734-714), rogorc Cans uzurpatorma, romlis ukan ar idga mefeTa wyeba: `Cemi ori cxeniT da Cemi meetliT Cemma marjvenam urartus mefoba moipova~ [5, str. 404). aqtualuri mefis amgvari gancxadeba uprecedentoa Tavisi pirdapirobiT. igi arc ki axsenebs RmerT xaldis, romelic urartus mefeTa gamarjvebebis sulisCamdgmeli iyo. Tumca ar unda gamovricxoT teqstis arseboba, sadac rusas mefoba instituciurad iqneboda ganmtkicebuli. SeniSvna*. pirvel brZolaSi gamarjvebas legitimaciis maRali xarisxi aqvs. fSaveli gara Turmanauli, romelmac laSaris jvris droSa xelyo xevisbris pativis uzurpaciis mizniT, swored pirvelma warmatebam (qistebis erT-erTi Temis maistis gatexvam) ixsna fSavis xevis sazogadoebis risxvisgan, ufro metic, laSaris jvris Tav-xevisbris rangSi aRazeva. cxadia, mainc saWiro gaxda xelmxaris ganaTvla saxevisbrod wesisamebr [6:180-182]. SeniSvna**. aSurSi (asiriaSi) legitimaciis ZiriTadi niSani iyo xangrZlivi genealogia, mamapapuri tradiciuli dinastia, riTac yoveli monarqi amayobda. Tumca zogjer mefe ar axsenebda Tavis mefur winaprebs. aSurSi arsebobda meore gza mefed gaxdomisa: pirovneba, romelic sakuTari riskiT da ZalebiT moipovebda mefobas, Tavs RmerTebis rCeulad miiCnevda. amgvarad gamefebulTa arqetipi sargon aqadeli iyo [7:101]. aSuris mefem sargonma (Zv. w. 721-705) es saxeli airCia, raTa uzurpacia gaeqarwylebina: man, TiglaTfalasar III-is ukanono Zem, taxti waarTva kanonier memkvidres, ukve gamefebul Salmanacar V-s (Zv. w. 727-722), risTvisac es saxeli `mefe kanonieri~ (sharru kenu) Soreuli warsulidan moexmo. Tumca pirveli tipis, genealogiaze dafuZnebuli, legitimacia ar gamoricxavs RmerTebis mxardaWerasac. es tipi reliefurad aris asaxuli aqemenianTa genealogiaSi, romelsac darios I (522-486) gvamcnobs: `me var dariosi, mefe didi, mefe mefeTa, mefe sparseTisa, Ze viStaspasi, SviliSvili arSamasi, aqemeniani. ase ambobs darios mefe: Cemi mama _ viStaspa, viStaspas mama _ arSama, arSamas mama _ ariaramna, ariaramnas mama _ 5
- Page 1 and 2: farnavazis sizmari da mefobis legit
- Page 3: Mmeore mxriv, uadgilo ar iqneba dav
- Page 7 and 8: monadirebuli mxecis potenciuri mflo
- Page 9 and 10: gamomwyvdeva (`ukacur saxlSi) da ga
- Page 11 and 12: vaJiSvils Soris. `da aiRo samuelma
- Page 13 and 14: mwyemsi, dariosis STamomavali iyo.
- Page 15 and 16: qarTlisa eklesiaTani daflna aCrdils
- Page 17 and 18: warmarTavs biblias, monadireoba ar
- Page 19 and 20: 8.Хрестоматия по ис
- Page 21: («Житие Парнаваза»)
naTesavsa ze<strong>da</strong> qarTvelTasa~ [1:20]). sizmris `egulvebo<strong>da</strong> ganslva<br />
<strong>da</strong> ver ganvi<strong>da</strong>~ im gamouvali mdgomareobis reliefuri asaxvaa,<br />
romelsac farnavazi qarTlSi ganicdis. de<strong>da</strong> usaxeloa, radgan is<br />
dedobis princips gamoxatavs ganzogadebulad: de<strong>da</strong> _ mrCeveli,<br />
de<strong>da</strong> _ Semfarebeli, de<strong>da</strong> _ mxsneli; es usaxelo de<strong>da</strong> SeiZlebo<strong>da</strong>,<br />
msgavsad gilgameSis dedisa, Tavisi Svilis sizmris amxsneli<br />
yofiliyo, rom cxadiseul gamocdilebas ar gamoeaSkaravebina<br />
sizmris sazrisi.<br />
SeniSvna.* deduleTSi <strong>da</strong>bruneba <strong>farnavazis</strong>Tvis xsnis iseTive<br />
perspeqtiva iyo, rogoric gamoxatulia Sumerul konceptSi ama-ar-gi<br />
`de<strong>da</strong>sTan <strong>da</strong>bruneba~ romelic gviCvenebs dedis (ama) wiaRs, kalTas,<br />
rogorc ukanasknel TavSesafars, a<strong>da</strong>mianis bunebriv samyofels. mxolod<br />
amargiSi, romelic sawyisi mdgomareobaa, poulobs a<strong>da</strong>miani Tavisuflebas,<br />
amitomac `de<strong>da</strong>sTan <strong>da</strong>bruneba~ Tavisuflebis ideis tolfasi konceptia.<br />
SeniSvna.** meore mxriv, Tu yofiT doneze ga<strong>da</strong>vinacvlebT, dedis Zmebi<br />
aspanSi <strong>farnavazis</strong>Tvis bunebiTi mfarvelebi un<strong>da</strong> yofiliyvnen. cnobilia<br />
dedisZmaTa gansakuTrebuli roli diswulis bed-iRbalSi. amas<br />
va<strong>da</strong>sturebT rogorc `primitiul~, ise <strong>da</strong>winaurebul civilizaciebSi.<br />
gavixsenoT, sad miiRo odisevsma Tavisi ganTqmuli Wriloba _<br />
identifikaciis erTgavri niSani, romliTac igi evrikleam gamoicno. an<br />
Tun<strong>da</strong>c xevsuruli: `diswuli dedisZmisgana ar gaicvlebis sxvaze<strong>da</strong>~<br />
magram <strong>farnavazis</strong> SemTxvevaSi, zebunebrivi Zalebis Carevis gamo, es<br />
SesaZlebloba ar aris realizebuli.<br />
oblobis motivi gamoyenebulia bagrationTa sagvareulos<br />
warmoSobis miTosSi. am xalxuri Tqmulebis jer-jerobiT<br />
erTaderTi varianti vaxuSti batoniSvils ekuTvnis:<br />
`vgoneb, viTarca sityva ars iverielTa Sina, rameTu iremman ganzar<strong>da</strong><br />
bagrationi, iyo ese guram raJams moukles mama <strong>da</strong> miuRes berZenTa bolo<br />
klarjeTisa, amas eZiebden <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>males gamzrdelTa <strong>da</strong> mwirobasa Sina yrma<br />
ese Seegua (var. Seudga) iremsa, awoveb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> aRivsis <strong>da</strong> avlineb<strong>da</strong>.<br />
Semdgomad ixiles sakvirveli ese klarjTa, hscnes bagratovaneba misi,<br />
miiyvanes <strong>da</strong> hyves kvalad erisTav-erisTavad. sarwmuno patroni klarjTa<br />
<strong>da</strong> mesxTa” [4, 694].<br />
am unikaluri teqstis bolo wina<strong>da</strong>deba _ `amisTvis iqmna umetes<br />
sarwmuno patroni~ _ mowmobs, rom misi avtorisTvis (aseve<br />
iverielebisTvis, kerZod, klarjTaTvis) oblobis, ga<strong>da</strong>malvis <strong>da</strong><br />
mwirobis es modeli Zlieri <strong>legitimaciis</strong> xarisxis mqonea.<br />
bagrationTa legitimaciaze narkvevis meore nawilSi gveqneba<br />
saubari, aq ki un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom guaramis statusi, rogorc oblisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> mwirisa, miT ufro Zlieria, rom igi mokluli mamis Zea iseve,<br />
rogorc farnavazi. am modelSi niSandoblivia nulovani done,<br />
sai<strong>da</strong>nac aRzevdeba <strong>mefobis</strong> kandi<strong>da</strong>ti. es varianti <strong>da</strong>sturdeba<br />
aqadeli sargonis (Zv. w. 2334-2279) gamefebis andrezSic, sa<strong>da</strong>c aseve<br />
ar arsebobs raime wanamZRvari, romelic istoriulad gaamarTleb<strong>da</strong><br />
mis gamefebas. Tumca misi de<strong>da</strong> RvTismxevalia, magram mama ucnobia<br />
(Tumc ara mokluli), rac mis m<strong>da</strong>bio warmoSobas un<strong>da</strong><br />
gulisxmobdes. asea Tu ise, mSobeli de<strong>da</strong> TavisTan ar itovebs<br />
axladSobils <strong>da</strong> wyalSi ga<strong>da</strong>sagdebad imetebs, rasac, SesaZloa, ori<br />
mizezi hqondes: erTi is, rom bavSvi imTaviTve mosaklavad iyo<br />
4
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