d i s e r t a c i a

1 

ssip - saqarTvelos saxelmwifo agraruli 

universiteti 

ediSer midelaSvili 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

damuSaveba da maTi muSaobis reJimebis optimizacia 

agroinJineriis doqtoris akademiuri 

xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenili 

d i s e r t a c i a 

soflis meurneobis eleqtrifikacia 

samecniero xelmZRvanelebi: 

teqnikis mecnierebaTa doqtori, 

sruli profesori a. didebuliZe 


sruli profesori r. qsovreli 

2009 weli

2 

ssip - saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo 

universiteti 

ediSer midelaSvili 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

damuSaveba da maTi muSaobis reJimebis optimizacia 

teqnikis mecnierebaTa kandidatis samecniero 

xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenili 

d i s e r t a c i a 

05.20.02 – soflis meurneobis warmoebis eleqtrifikacia 

samecniero xelmZRvanelebi: 


profesori al. didebuliZe 


profesori r. qsovreli 

2006 weli

3 

sarCevi 

Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tavi I. sakiTxis Seswavlis mdgomareoba da kvlevis 

amocanebi 

1.1. Rvinomasalebis warmoebis da 

xarisxis gaumjobesebis aspeqtebi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.2. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis 

konstruqciebis analizi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.3. ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis erTtaqtiani 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi. . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.4. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi 

kuTxiT-rxevadi RuziT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.5. sasoflo-sameurneo produqtTa damuSavebisTvis 

gankuTvnili eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

bunkeruli danadgarebi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.6. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

eleqtrokvebisa da marTvis eleqtruli 

sqemebis analizi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

1.7. kvlevis mizani da amocanebi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 

Tavi II. sacdeli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebi da maTi kvlevis meTodika 

2.1. sacdeli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebis konstruqciuli Taviseburebani . . . . . 

2.2. kvlevis meTodika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 

2.3. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis eleqtruli 

parametrebis gazomvis meTodika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.4. meqanikuri parametrebis kvleva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 

4 

13 

21 

24 

28 

32 

37 

44 

61

Tavi III. Teoriuli kvlevebi 


eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis 

4 

Teoriis sakiTxisaTvis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.2. vibraciuli danadgari kuTxiT-rxevad Ruziani 

amgznebiT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.3. Rvinomasalebis dasamuSavebeli vibraciuli 

danadgarebis Tiristoruli marTva . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.4. vibrobunkerSi Rvinomasalebis vibrireba- 

aqtivizaciis kanonzomierebani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tavi IV. Rvinomasalebis warmoebis teqnologia 

da eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 


muSaobis reJimebis eqsperimentuli kvleva . . . . . . . 

4.2. Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis alternatiuli 

teqnologia da kvlevebis analizi . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.2.1. sabrende spirtebis warmoebis ZiriTadi wesebi . . . 121 

4.2.2. sabrende spirtebze Catarebuli eqsperimentuli 

kvlevis Sedegebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4.2.3. Rvinomasalebze Catarebuli eqsperimentuli 

kvlevis Sedegebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tavi V. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

saimedoobis sakiTxisaTvis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Tavi VI. eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis 

energetikuli da ekonomikuri 

efeqtianobis maCveneblebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 

gamoyenebuli literatura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 

danarTebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 

66 

82 

85 

95 

101 

118 

125 

128 

135 

142

5 

Sesavali 

Temis aqtualoba da unikaloba: Tanamedrove sasoflo- 

sameurneo teqnikiT uzrunvelyofa, fasebis disparitetis 

pirobebSi, saqarTvelos agraruli dargis efeqtianobis 

amaRlebis erT-erT ganmsazRvrel faqtors warmoadgens, radgan 

konkurentunariani soflis meurneoba warmoudgenelia maRali 

teqnikur-ekonomikuri, energetikuli da saeqspluatacio 

maCveneblebis mqone danadgarebis gareSe, romlebmac unda 

uzrunvelyon agraruli produqciis warmoebisa da gadamuSavebis 

uaxlesi teqnologiebis aTviseba. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im 

garemoebas, rom vibraciulma manqanebma da danadgarebma, agreTve 

am teqnikur saSualebebze agebulma teqnologiebma bolo 

periodSi moaxdines mravali warmoebis Zireuli gardaqmna, am 

mimarTulebam arsebiTi wvlili unda Seitanos qveyanaSi 

maRalxarisxiani da konkurentunariani sasoflo-sameurneo 

produqciis miRebis saqmeSi. aucilebelia aRiniSnos, rom 

samarko Rvinis da brendis warmoeba tradiciulad saqarTvelos 

agraruli seqtoris prioritets warmoadgenda. yofil sabWoTa 

kavSiris respublikebsa da socialistur qveynebs Soris 

(moldova, somxeTi, azarbaijani, ungreTi, bulgareTi da a.S.) 

saqarTvelo Rvinomasalebis, kerZod ki saSualo da 

ZviradRirebuli samarko Rvinoebis da brendis msxvil 

eqsportiorad iTvleboda. sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis rTul 

periodSi mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, rogorc Rvinisa da spirtiani 

sasmelebis warmoeba, aseve uaxlesi teqnologiebis ararsebobis 

gamo daeca produqciis xarisxi. ukanasknel peridSi pozitiurad 

Seicvala dargSi arsebuli mdgomareoba. dafuZnda

6 

Rvinomasalebis mwarmoebeli mravali kompania, maT Soris, 

ucxouri kapitalis monawileobiT, romlebic warmatebiT iyeneben 

biznesis marTvis da marketingis Tanamedrove midgomebs. 

warmoebebSi dainerga uaxlesi teqnologiebi, rac, Sesabamisad, 

adekvaturad aisaxa produqciis xarisxze. 

ZviradRirebuli Rvinoebisa da brendis warmoebis 

teqnologia iTvaliswinebs Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis 

mravalwlian daZvelebas. es xangrZlivi procesi dakavSirebulia 

did danakargebTan, romlebic ZiriTadad gapirobebulia 

aorTqlebiT. es iwvevs Rvinomasalebis TviTRirebulebis 

gazrdas da metad araxelsayrelia mwarmoeblisaTvis 

konkurentunarianobis SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT. daZvelebis 

procesis xangrZlivobis Semcireba amcirebs zemoaRniSnul 

danakargebs da zrdis brunvis process, rac stimuls miscems 

mewarmes awarmoos konkurentunariani, maRali xarisxis 

produqcia. 

vibraciuli rxevebis dadebiTi zegavlena Rvinisa da 

sabrende spirtebis daZvelebaze naklebad Seswavlili da 

dasabuTebulia, Tumca, dRemde, xSirad gvxdeba mosazreba imis 

Taobaze, rom vibraciuli rxevebi SesaZleblobas gvaZleven 

miviRoT bunebrivad daZvelebuli Rvinoproduqtebis tolfasi 

masalebi sakmaod SemWidroebul vadebSi. miuxedavad amisa, 

mkveTri aqtivizaciis movlena warmoebaSi dRemde naklebad 

gamoiyeneba, rasac, Cveni azriT, ganapirobebs dRevandeli 

mewarmis fsiqologia, anu swrafad da mcire kapitaldabandebebis 

pirobebSi miiRos maqsimaluri sargebeli. 

unda aRiniSnos, rom dReisaTvis ar aris damuSavebuli 

Rvinomasalis vibraciuli daZvelebis mecnierulad

7 

dasabuTebuli meTodika, romelic saSualebas mogvcems 

sxvadasxva Rvinomasalis SemTxvevaSi davadginoT damuSavebis 

efeqtiani eqspozicia, rxevebis optimaluri sixSire da 

amplituda. aucilebelia agreTve, iseTi vibraciuli danadgaris 

konstruqciis Seqmna, romelic saSualebas mogvcems Rvinis 

qarxnis pirobebSi movaxdinoT Rvinomasalis didi moculobebiT 

damuSaveba. 

arsebul vibrodanadgarebSi gamoyenebul amgznebebs Soris 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi muSaobaSi sakmaod saimedoni 

da martivni arian, radgan isini ar Seicaven mbrunav nawilebs. 

aseT amZravebSi eleqtromagnituri energia uSualod 

gardaiqmneba, rogorc ukuqceviT-winsvliT, aseve kuTxiT-rxevad 

meqanikur moZraobaSi, romelTac axasiaTebT amuSavebis kargi 

SesaZleblobebi, xmauris dabali done, ekonomiuroba warmoebasa 

da eqspluataciaSi, Tumca, amave dros, isini xasiaTdebian 

eleqtromeqanikuri parametrebis xSiri regulirebis 

aucileblobiT da yvelaze xelsayrel – rezonansis siaxlovis 

reJimSi arastabiluri muSaobiT. kerZod, adgili aqvs 

arasasurvel Sejaxebebs statorsa da Ruzas Soris, izrdeba 

xmauris done, amgznebebi moiTxoven xSir gawyobas. 

sadisertacio naSromi aqtualuria imiT, rom igi eZRvneba 

meRvineobisaTvis energodamzogi eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebis damuSavebas, rac uzrunvelyofs danadgaris 

sadgaris (romelzec moTavsebuli iqneba rezervuari, kasri da 

a.S.) moZraobas rogorc ukuqceviT-winsvliTi, aseve wriuli 

traeqtoriiT. aseve, racionaluria danadgarebSi gamoyenebuli 

axali konstruqciis eleqtromagnituri amgznebi, romelic 

gamoirCeva eleqtromeqanikuri parametrebis regulirebis

8 

sizustiT da meqanikur rezonansul an rezonansis siaxlovis 

reJimSi stabiluri muSaobiT. 

zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, Rvinomasalebis 

daZvelebis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis, kerZod sabrende 

spirtebis daZvelebisaTvis gankuTvnili eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgarebis damuSaveba da warmoebaSi gamoyeneba 

warmoadgens aqtualur amocanas, emsaxureba ra teqnologiuri 

procesebis intensifikacias, Sromis mwarmoeblobis amaRlebas da 

mniSvnelovani ekonomikuri efeqtis miRebas. 

amavdroulad aRsaniSnavia, rom daCqarebuli tempiT 

daZvelebuli Rvinomasalebi unda inarCunebdes Sesabamis bukets, 

Seferilobas da yvela im fizikur-qimiur parametrs, romelic 

axasiaTebs bunebrivad daZvelebul Rvinomasalas. dargSi 

arsebuli uaxlesi miRwevebi moyvanili da ganxilulia 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo universitetis 

soflis meurneobis eleqtrifikaciis departamentis da 

meRvineobis ganyofilebis mier Catarebul kvlevebSi, rasac 

ukanasknel periodSi mieZRna mravali samecniero Sroma. 

kvlevis mizani da amocanebi: iTvaliswinebs meRvineobis 

teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebis racionaluri konstruqciebis Seqmnas. dasaxuli 

miznis misaRwevad saWiroa Semdegi amocanebis gadawyveta: 

damuSavdes eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

axali konstruqcia; 

SeirCes vibrodanadgarebis marTvisa da kvebis racionaluri 

eleqtruli sqemebi; 

gamokvleul iqnes danadgarTa muSaobis reJimebi da SeirCes 

optimaluri varianti;

9 

ganisazRvros Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis 

stimulirebaze rxevebis sxvadasxva eqspoziciaTa 

zemoqmedeba da dadgindes sasurveli optimumi; 

dadgindes eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris 

saeqspluatacio maCveneblebi da moxdes teqnikur- 

ekonomikuri efeqtianobis gaangariSeba; 

Rvinisa da brendis mwarmoebelTaTvis momzaddes 

rekomendacia Seswavlili da damuSavebuli teqnologiuri 

inovaciis warmoebaSi gasavrceleblad. 

kvlevis meTodologia, midgomebi: eleqtromagnituri 

vibrodanadgaris gamocdis da eqsperimentuli kvlevebis 

umetesoba specialuri da Cveulebrivi eleqtruli manqanebisa da 

aparatebis gamocdis da kvlevebis analogiuria. 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris eqsperimentuli 

kvlevebisa da gamocdisaTvis modernizebul iqna saqarTvelos 

saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo universitetis soflis 

meurneobis eleqtrifikaciis departamentSi Seqmnili specialuri 

stendi. 

Catarebuli eqsperimentebis saSualebiT, eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamZravisaTvis dadgenil iqna denebis, Zabvebis, 

simZlavreebis, gragnilebis izolaciis, induqciurobebis da 

winaRobebis sidideebi. eleqtruli, magnituri da meqanikuri 

sidideebis Cawera ganxorcielda eleqtromeqanikuri 

oscilografis saSualebiT. rxevebis parametrebis gazomvisaTvis 

gamoyenebul iqna sxvadasxva saxis gadamwodebi, agreTve 

vibraciis gamzomi xelsawyo. 

vibraciuli danadgaris saimedoobis maCveneblebis da 

teqnikur-ekonomikuri efeqtianobis gaangariSeba Catarda

10 

saimedoobisa da ekonomikuri efeqtianobis gaangariSebis 

uaxlesi meTodikebis gamoyenebiT. 

kvlevis obieqti: Rvinisa da brendis warmoebis 

teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis gankuTvnili eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli bunkeruli danadgarebi da maTi marTvis sqemebi. 

mecnieruli siaxle: damuSavebulia energodamzogi 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebi, romelic 

uzrunvelyofs danadgaris sadgaris (romelzec moTavsebulia 

rezervuari, kasri da a.S.) moZraobas rogorc ukuqceviT- 

winsvliTi, aseve xraxnuli traeqtoriiT. danadgarebSi 

gamoyenebuli axali konstruqciis eleqtromagnituri amgznebi 

arsebuli prototipebisagan gamoirCeva eleqtromeqanikuri 

parametrebis regulirebis sizustiT da rezonansul an 

rezonansulTan axlo reJimSi stabiluri muSaobiT. kerZod, 

vibrodanadgaris amgznebSi gamoyenebuli magnitogamtari 

prototipebisagan gansxvavdeba imiT, rom: 

vibroamgznebis Ruzis polusebi moZraobs statoris 

Reroebis polusebs Soris mudmivi sahaero RreCoebiT, 

riTac gansxvavdeba arsebuli vibroamgznebebisagan; 

vibroamgznebSi mizidvis Zala damokidebulia, rogorc 

mudmivi sahaero RreCoebis sidideebze, aseve misi polusebis 

aqtiuri farTis cvlilebaze; 

meqanikur rezonansSi muSaobisas, Ruzis gadadgileba ar 

iwvevs statoris polusebTan Sejaxebas; 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebisaTvis 

Catarebuli Teoriuli da eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegad 

SerCeulia muSaobis optimaluri reJimi. Seswavlilia danadgaris 

zedapirze Rvinomasalebis vibrireba-aqtivizaciis procesi.

11 

dasabuTebulia meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebis 

intensifikaciisaTvis gankuTvnili eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgarebiT gamowveuli stimulirebis efeqti 

Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis daZvelebaze. 

konstruqciebi da sqema daculia GEP2082B da GEP3180B 

saqarTvelos patentebiT gamogonebaze. 

samuSaos praqtikuli Rirebuleba: Tanamedrove pirobebSi, 

damuSavebuli vibrodanadgarebis konstruqciuli Sesrulebis 

simartive, momsaxureobis moxerxebuloba, liTontevadobis 

Semcireba, sruli avtomatizebis da mravalmxrivi funqciuri 

SesaZlebloba, maRali energetikuli, kargi saeqspluatacio da 

ergonomiuli maCveneblebi ganapirobebs imas, rom 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis gamoyenebiT, 

mniSvnelovnad Semcirdeba meRvineobis dargSi arsebuli 

problemebi da mewarmes miscems mniSvnelovan faqtiur wliur 

ekonomikur efeqts iseT xangrZliv sawarmoo ciklSi, rogoricaa 

samarko Rvinisa da sabrende (koniakiseburi) spirtebis daZveleba. 

ekonomikuri efeqtianoba gacilebiT maRalia axal, 

damuSavebul eleqtromagnitur vibraciul danadgarSi, romelic 

sabaziso danadgarze gaweuli danaxarjebis 78,5%-s Seadgens. 

samuSaos beneficiarebi (is uwyebebi da pirebi, vinc 

isargebleben miRebuli SedegebiT): samuSaos Sedegis 

potenciuri beneficiaria: kerZo seqtori – Rvinomasalebis 

mwarmoebeli kompaniebi; fizikuri pirebi da samecniero-kvleviTi 

institutebi, mkvlevarebi – samecniero SedegiT, SemoTavazebuli 

inovaciis Semdgomi srulyofiT da warmoebaSi gamoyenebiT 

dainteresebuli pirebi.

12 

samuSaos aprobacia: sadisertacio naSromis ZiriTadi 

Sedegebi moxsenebuli iqna saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo- 

sameurneo universitetis profesor-maswavlebelTa samecniero 

konferenciebze /1996-2004 w.w./; axalgazrda agrarikosTa I 

respublikur konferenciaze /q.Tbilisi, 1998w./; konstantine 

amirajibis saxelobis s.m. meqanizaciisa da eleqtrifikaciis 

institutis samecniero-praqtikul konferenciaze /q. Tbilisi, 

1999w./. damuSavebuli eleqtromagnituri vibaciuli danadgaris 

eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT Sedga praqtikuli 

amocana ssssu agrosainJinro fakultetis s.m. eleqtrifikaciis 

specialobis magistrebisaTvis – saganSi èleqtromeqanika~. 

publikaciebi: disertaciis ZiriTadi masalebis mixedviT 

gamoqveynebulia 10 samecniero Sroma, romelTagan 2 warmoadgens 

saqarTvelos patents gamogonebaze. kerZod: 

1. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli bunkeruli mowyobiloba 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis. saqarTvelos 

agraruli universitetis aspirantTa da xarisxis maZiebelTa 

samecniero SromaTa krebuli, II naw. Tbilisi, 1997. gv. 316-320; 

2. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli bunkeruli danadgaris 

eqsperimentuli kvleva. saqarTvelos agraruli universitetis 

aspirantTa da xarisxis maZiebelTa samecniero SromaTa 

krebuli. III naw. Tbilisi, 1998. gv. 218-223; 

3. meRvineobisaTvis gankuTvnili vibraciuli bunkeruli 

danadgari. saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa 

akademia. samecniero-teqnikuri progresi saqarTvelos 

agrosamrewvelo seqtoris sainJinro sferoSi. Tbilisi, 1999. 

gv. 192-195 (Tanaavt.: maWavariani f., qsovreli n.);

13 

4. vibraciuli mowyobiloba. saqarTvelos patenti gamogonebaze 

GEP2082B. `saqpatenti~-s biuleteni #3, 2000 w (Tanaavt.: 

qsovreli r., didebuliZe a., qsovreli z.); 

5. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris dinamika. agraruli 

mecnierebis problemebi. samecniero SromaTaAkrebuli, t. XVII. 

Tbilisi, 2002. gv. 232-237; 

6. eleqtromagnituri vibrobunkeris saimedoobis gamokvleva. 

agraruli mecnierebis problemebi. agraruli mecnierebis 

problemebi. samecniero SromaTaAkrebuli, t. XVII. Tbilisi, 

2002. gv. 238-242; 

7. Rvinomasalebis dasamuSavebeli vibraciuli danadgari. 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis `moambe~, t.#10. Tbilisi, 

2002. gv.225-232 (Tan.: qsovreli r., didebuliZe a., qsovreli n.); 

8. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebi. saqarTvelos patenti 

gamogonebaze GE P3180B. `saqpatenti~-s biuleteni #20, 2003 w 

(Tanaavt.: qsovreli r., javaxiSvili g., qsovreli n.); 

9. kuTxiTrxevad Ruziani ortaqtiani eleqtromagnituri 

vibroZravas Tiristoruli marTva. agraruli mecnierebis 

problemebi. samecniero SromaTaAkrebuli, t. XXIV. Tbilisi, 

2003. gv. 93-96 (Tanaavt.: qsovreli r., didebuliZe a.); 

10. kuTxiTrxevadi eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis dinamikuri 

parametrebis gansazRvra. agraruli mecnierebis problemebi. 

samecniero SromaTaAkrebuli, t. XXXII. Tbilisi, 2005. gv. 153- 

156 (Tanaavt.: qsovreli r., maisaSvili l.). 

samuSaos moculoba: sadisertacio naSromi Sedgeba 

Sesavlis, 6 Tavis, daskvnebisa da rekomendaciis, gamoyenebuli 

literaturisa da danarTisagan. naSromi gadmocemulia 172 

nabeWd gverdze da moicavs 43 naxazs, 13 cxrils da 4 danarTs.

14 

Tavi I. sakiTxis Seswavlis mdgomareoba da 

kvlevis amocanebi 

1.1. Rvinomasalebis warmoebis da xarisxis 

gaumjobesebis aspeqtebi 

saqarTvelos ekonomikaSi meRvineobas tradiciulad didi 

xvedriTi wili eWira. igi qveynis biujetis Sevsebis erT-erT 

ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgenda, magram wina saukunis 90-iani 

wlebis dasawyisidan qveyanaSi Seqmnilma mZime politikurma da 

ekonomikurma pirobebma sagrZnobi zegavlena moaxdines dargis 

Semdgom ganviTarebaze. miuxedavad amisa, warmoebuli produqciis 

asortimenti – TeTri da wiTeli Rvinoebi da brendi 

(koniakiseburi sasmeli) ar Semcirebula. arsebuli teqnikuri 

potencialis gaTvaliswinebiT qveyanaSi SesaZlebelia 600 aTas 

tonamde yurZnis gadamuSaveba da 20...30 mln dekalitri Rvinis 

Camosxma, paralelurad SesaZlebelia 3 mln dekalitramde 

brendis warmoeba [58, 82]. 

unda aRvniSnoT, rom 1996-2001 wlebSi msoflioSi yurZnis 

warmoeba 60...65 mln tonis zRvrebSi imyofeboda, liderobdnen 

italia, safrangeTi, aSS da espaneTi. rac Seexeba Rvinis 

warmoebas, igi 260...270 mln heqtolitris zRvrebSi meryeobda, da 

aq, zemoaRniSnuli qveynebi sul ufro naTlad grZnoben Rvinis 

axali eqsportiorebis (avstralia, argentiana samxreT afrikis 

respublika, Cile) aqtiur sabazro intervencias [85, 203, 208]. 

Rvinis moxmareba msoflioSi saSualod 230 mln hl-s Seadgenda, 

ris gamoc SesamCnevi iyo produqciis siWarbe, amave dros 

izrdeboda moTxovna maRalxarisxian wiTel Rvinoebze. Seqmnili 

situacia naTlad aisaxa saqarTvelos meRvineobaSic, sadac

15 

mewarmeebi gadadian samarko wiTeli Rvinis warmoebaze, romelic 

gansakuTrebuli popularobiT sargeblobs Cveni qveynisaTvis 

tradiciul ruseTisa da ukrainis bazrebze (iq ZviradRirebuli 

samarko Rvinoebis seqtoris or mesamedamde qarTul Rvinoebsa 

da maT falsifikatebze modis). 

cnobilia, rom qarTuli Rvino, organoleptikuri 

TvisebebiT tols ar udebs evropul produqcias. saqarTveloSi 

saukuneebis manZilze moyavT yurZnis iseTi aRiarebuli jiSebi, 

rogoricaa: saferavi, kaxuri mwvane, rqawiTeli, xixvi, goruli 

mwvane, Takveri, cicqa, colikauri, ocxanuri safere, kraxuna, 

aladasturi, aleqsandrouli, mujureTuli, usaxelouri, Cxaveri 

da mravali sxva [24, 37, 198, 199] 

sabazro ekonomikaze gadasvlis periodSi RvinomasalaTa 

warmoebis da realizaciis sferoSi gaCnda axali tendenciebi, 

kerZod, dargSi Seicvala sagadasaxado kanonmdebloba: 

SemoTavazebul iqna Zalzed dabali Sesasyidi fasebi; 

saaqcizo gadasaxadiTa da saeqsporto baJiT dabegvras 

mogebis SesaZlebloba TiTqmis nulamde dayavs, rac cxadia 

zrdis Rvino-produqciis TviTRirebulebas; 

sistematuri xasiaTi mieca pirveladi produqciis 

mwarmoebelTaTvis, ZiriTadaT glexur da mcire fermerul 

meurneobebSi dasaqmebulTaTvis, anazRaurebis dagvianebas, 

rac sakmaod mZime pirobebSi ayenebs maT yofiT cxovrebas 

da, TavisTavad, qveynis ekonimikaze negatiur gavlenas 

axdens. 

arsebuli maRali sagadasaxado ganakveTi aiZulebs mewarmes 

gayidos warmoebuli produqcia `Sav bazarze~, romelic 

falsificirebuli da dabali xarisxis RvinomasalebiT aris

16 

gajerebuli. qarTuli Rvinoebis falsifikacias ewevian ruseTis 

federaciaSi, ukrainaSi, moldovaSi. amis simptomebi SeiniSneba 

azerbaijanSi, rumineTSi, bulgareTSi da TviT amerikis 

SeerTebul StatebSi, da es ar aris erTeuli SemTxvevebi, igi 

masobrivi gaxda. cxadia, rom arsebuli mdgomareoba 

saqarTvelos akargvinebs saerTaSoriso bazars, xolo 

saxelmwifo biujets - realur Semosavlebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom 

Rvino-produqciis gayidvaze aqcizis gadasaxadis done 

mniSvnelovnad dabalia im qveynebSi, romelTac msoflio 

bazarze mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravT, magaliTad, safrangeTSi 

igi aris 3%, xolo ungreTSi - 11% [46, 184]. 

realobas ufro amZimebda warmoebaSi gamoyenebuli 

nedleulis cvalebadi xarisxi, Tanamedrove gadamamuSavebeli, 

fermentaciis da filtraciis teqnologiuri xazebis, davargebis 

srulfasovani teqnologiis ararseboba, aseve Camosxmis 

moZvelebuli teqnologia (mZime minis tara, Seuferebeli 

dizaini, plastmasis sacobi, mouwesrigebeli etiketi da a.S.), 

marketingis wesebis safuZvliani arcodna, rac saerTaSoriso 

bazarze didi konkurenciis pirobebSi ukana planze ayenebda 

adgilobrivi warmoebis Rvino-produqcias. 

jer kidev 1887 wels, cnobili sazogado moRvawe, ilia 

WavWavaZe aRniSnavda, rom èxla Cvens Rvinos sxva bazaric 

exsneba. eg bazari ruseTia. Cveni guliTadi rwmena es aris, rom 

Cveni Rvinoebi am dids bazarSi fexs moikidebs, Tu Cveni 

Zveleburi patiosani sagani Rvinis keTebisa ar SevcvaleT. am 

bazarma guli unda daajeros rom Cveneburi Rvino marTali 

Rvinoa; rom Cvens RvinoSi ara aris-ra, garda yurZnis wvenisa. 

Cveneburs Rvinis keTebas dRevandlamde amis meti sxva sagani ara

17 

hqonia. Tu hsurT, rom ruseTis bazarSi Cvenma Rvinom adgili 

daiWiros da evropuls yalbs Rvinoebs ajobos da gza 

daaclevinos, es marto imiT SesaZloa moxdes, rom 

gasamklaveblad evropuls yalbs Rvinos Cveni marTali Rvino 

pirSi wavuyenoT. aq Cveni gamarjveba ueWvelia, imitom rom ar 

aris qveyanazed kaci, romelmac marTali yalbs ar amjobinos, 

rac unda es yalbi samacduro iyos. Cvens Rvinoebs sxva imedi ar 

unda hqondes gauZlos evropiul Rvinoebis cilobasa: yalbis 

Rvinis keTebaSi Cven evropas ver daveweviT, gaswrebas vinRa 

ityvis. maSasadame, erTiRa dagvrCenia: marTlis Rvinis keTebas nu 

vuRalatebT~. ilia WavWavaZe aseve xazgasmiT urCevs im periodis 

mmarTvelobas, rom unda Camoyalibdes àzri, romelic, Cvenis 

fiqriT, safuZvlad unda daedos kanons Rvinis Taobazed, Tu 

hsurT, rom Sinaurma Rvinom gza gaikafos ruseTis bazrisaken da 

igi auarebeli fuli Sin ruseTSive dahrCes, romelic evropuls 

yalbs da mawyinars Rvinoebzed exarjeba dResa, da amasTan 

uwyinari Rvinoc svas xalxma. am xelsamZRvano azrs bevri sxva 

saWiroebac mosdevs, rom survili kanonisa uqmad ar darCes. am 

kanonebis vrclad SemuSaveba Cven azrad ara gvqonia da amitomac 

amiT vaTavebT~ [38]. 

viTareba radikalurad Seicvala bolo aTwleulis 

ganmavlobaSi. gamococxlda Rvinis da spirtiani sasmelebis 

warmoeba, dafuZnda mravali kerZo kompania: `saqarTvelos 

Rvinisa da alkoholuri sasmelebis kompania – `GWS~, 

`korporacia qinZmarauli~, `Teliani veli~, `sarajiSvili~, 

`badagoni~ da a.S, romlebmac mniSvnelovani warmatebebi moipoves 

Rvinomasalebis warmoebaSi, misi sazRvargareT gatanisa da 

imijis Seqmnis saqmeSi. sagulisxmoa, rom Rvinis konkursebze

18 

sistematurad imsaxurebs oqros medlebs qarTuli Rvinoebi 

“axaSeni”, “xvanWkara”, “ojaleSi”, “mwvane”, “tviSi”, ”qinZmarauli”, 

“mukuzani”, “yvareli”, “saferavi”, “kaxeTi”, “alaznis veli” 

(TeTri da wiTeli). aRsaniSnavia agreTve, rom 2001 wlis 

dekemberSi, 15-wliani pauzis Semdeg, oqros medliT dajildovda 

qarTuli brendis (koniakiseburi sasmeli) Semdegi markebi: 

“varcixe”, “Zalian Zveli”, “eniseli” da “Tbilisi” [26, 27, 37, 201, 

202, 204]. 

cxadad Cans qarTuli Rvinomasalebis eqsportis zrdis 

tendenciebi. Tu, 1997-99 wlebSi Rvinis eqsporti 12...16 mln aSS 

dolaris zRvrebSi imyofeboda, 2001 wels eqsportirebuli 

produqciis Rurebulebam 32,2 mln aSS dolari Seadgina, rac 

qveynis mTliani eqsportis 10%-s aRemateba /ix. cxrili 1.1/. es 

maCvenebeli gacilebiT ufro maRali iqneboda, rom ara, rogorc 

ukve aRvniSneT, uamravi falsificirebuli produqcia dsT-s 

bazarze. saqarTvelo, 2006 wels ruseTis mier gamocxadebul 

embargomde, ruseTis Rvinis bazarze samarko Rvinoebis (romelTa 

0,75 l tevadobis erTi boTlis fasi 5 aSS dolars aRemateba) 

gayidvis moculobis mixedviT, win uswrebda iseT qveynebs, 

rogorebic arian safrangeTi, germania, aSS, ungreTi, espaneTi, 

italia da a.S. sayuradReboa is garemoebac, rom izrdeba 

saqarTvelodan eqsportirebuli Rvinomasalebis xarisxic 

Camosasxmeli Rvinis boTlebSi CamosxmuliT Canacvlebis Sedegad 

[51, 60, 68, 187, 200]. 

amgvarad, venaxebis farTobebis mixedviT saqarTvelo 

msoflioSi 22-e adgilze imyofeba, magram Rvinis warmoebis 

mixedviT ki pirveli 30 qveynis ricxvs ar miekuTvneba. es ki 

pirvel rigSi unda mivaweroT Cveni saxelmwifo statistikis

# 

19 

cxrili 1.1. msoflio mevenaxeoba da meRvineoba 

qveyana da misi 

adgili saerTo 

warmoebaSi, 

1999 w 

Rvinis 

warmoebis 

moculoba 

(mln hl) 

venaxebis 

saerTo 

farTobi 

(aTasi ha) 

venaxebis 

farTobi 

savargulebis 

farTobis %-is 

saxiT 

1 safrangeTi 64 871 4,5 

2 italia 54 871 7,9 

3 espaneTi 33 1163 6,1 

4 aSS 24 350 0,2 

5 argentina 13 250 0,9 

6 germania 12 102 0,8 

7 avstralia 9 79 0,15 

8 samxreT afrika 8 120 0,8 

9 portugalia 7 252 9,8 

10 rumineTi 7 255 9,8 

11 Cile 6 122 5,3 

12 CineTi 5 193 0,14 

13 saberZneTi 4 124 3,2 

14 ungreTi 4 99 2,0 

16 bulgareTi 2 107 2,4 

17 brazilia 2 57 0,09 

18 ruseTi 2 70 0,05 

19 xorvatia 2 55 3,5 

20 moldova 1,8 152 7,0 

21 uzbekeTi 1,5 102 2,1 

30 kviprosi 0,6 20 13,9 

31 saqarTvelo 0,2 60 2,0 (an 0,6) 

m s o f l i o 283 7426 0,49

20 

garkveul xarvezebs: yurZnis warmoeba saqarTveloSi xom 1999 

wels 220 aTas tonas Seadgenda, xolo saxelmwifo sabaJo 

departamentis monacemebiT Rvinis eqsportma qveyanas misca 14,6 

mln aSS dolari /ix. cxrili 1.2/; 2000 wels – 28,3 mln dolari, 

rac daaxloebiT 0,15 mln hetolitris tolfasia. gamodis, rom 

saqarTvelos Sida bazarze Rvino ar iyideba da daaxloebiT 180 

aTasi tona yurZeni midis CurCxelas an felamuSis 

dasamzadeblad an/da gamoiyeneba rogorc sufris yurZeni. unda 

vivaraudoT, rom 220 aTasi tona yurZenidan 1999 wels moxda 

daaxloebiT 1,5 mln hl Rvinis warmoeba, saidanac 1,2 mln hl 

gamoyenebul iqna Sida bazarze (24 l erT mosaxleze, rac 

safrangeTis moxmarebis donezea) [28, 53, 77, 205, 206, 207]. 

udavoa, rom kerZo seqtorSi Tanamedrove teqnologiebze 

dafuZnebuli Rvinomasalebis warmoeba, Sesabamisad, xels uwyobs 

msoflio bazarze qarTuli Rvinisa da brendis aRiarebas, 

saxelmwifoSi mzardi ekonomikur-fiskaluri politikis 

gatarebas da, rac umniSvnelovanesia, soflad mosaxleobis 

damagrebasa da fuladi niSnebis mimoqcevis zrdas. 

1914 wels, udaod genialurad brZana niko nikolaZem – `da 

ai aq imarxeba ekonomikuri ZarRvi koleqtiuri vinifikaciisa: 

kargi Rvinis dayeneba, masze sagarantio aperaciebis SemoReba, 

Cveneburi yurZnis wvenidan saimedo saqonlis miReba da misTvis 

xelsayreli bazrebis mopoveba, erTis mxriv didaT Seuwyobs 

xels Cveni soflis kulturul-ekonomikur aRorZinebas [23].

21 

cxrili 1.2. saqarTvelos Rvinis eqsporti, 

aTasi aSS dolari 

# qveyana 

1999 weli 

% 

eqsp. 

jamTan 

2000 weli 

% 

eqsp. 

jamTan 

mateba 

+/- 

1 ruseTi 10.114 69,3 22.495 79,4 +12.381 

2 ukraina 1.527 10,5 2.850 10,1 +1.323 

3 aSS 1.108 7,6 831 2,9 -277 

4 niderlandi 806 5,5 - - - 

5 litva 273 1,9 231 0,8 -42 

6 yazaxeTi 207 1,4 735 2,6 +528 

7 estoneTi 190 1,3 86 0,3 -104 

8 latvia 139 1,0 245 0,9 +106 

9 TurqmeneTi 105 0,7 29 0,1 -76 

10 belarusi 43 0,3 276 1,0 +233 

11 iaponia 36 0,2 121 0,4 +75 

12 d/britaneTi 4 0,0 209 0,7 +205 

aTi wamyvani 14.522 99,5 28.079 99,1 - 

sul 14.602 100,0 28.326 100,0 +13724 

wyaro: saqarTvelos sabaJo; qveynebis pirveli aTeuli 

ranJirebulia 1999 wlis eqsportis Sesabamisad.

22 

1.2. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis 

konstruqciebis analizi 

sasoflo-sameurneo sawarmoo ciklSi gamoyenebuli 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi Tavisi konstruqciuli 

SesrulebiT eleqtromeqanikurebTan SedarebiT gacilebiT ufro 

srulyofil danadgarebad miiCnevian, radgan eleqtromagnituri 

energia uSualod gardaiqmneba meqanikur moZraobaSi. amis gamo, 

vibroamZravebSi ar gamoiyeneba mbrunavi nawilebi (debalansebi, 

lilvebi, kbilanebi, sakisrebi) da adgili ara aqvs muSa 

zedapirebis cveTas. Sedegad, eleqtromagnitur vibraciul 

danadgarebSi saWiro rxeviTi moZraoba miiReba winaswari 

gardaqmnebis aucileblobis gareSe, rac saSualebas iZleva, 

umetes SemTxvevaSi, erT kompleqsSi gavaerTianoT Semsrulebeli 

organo da vibroamgznebi. amis gamo, aseTi mowyobilobebi 

xasiaTdebian maRali m.q.k.-iT [50, 93, 166, 172, 186]. 

cnobilia sxvadasxva tipisa da daniSnulebis 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi (emva), romelTa 

konstruqciuli Sesrulebis nairsaxeoba TiToeul konkretul 

SemTxvevaSi aixsneba maTi gamoyenebis TaviseburebebiT da 

gansazRvravs maT klasifikacias. 

moqmedebis principis mixedviT eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebebi iyofian erTtaqtian da ortaqtian meqnizmebad. 

pirvelSi Ruzis amgznebi Zala moqmedebs mxolod erT mxares, 

romelic damokidebulia magnituri nakadis sidideze. im 

SemTxvevaSi, rodesac eleqtromagnitis gragnilis mkvebav cvlad 

dens periodis ganmavlobaSi gaaCnia denis Zalis ori maqsimumi – 

dadebiTi da uaryofiTi, xorcieldeba magnituri nakadis

23 

sididis orjer cvlileba, Sesabamisad nulidan maqsimumamde. 

magnituri nakadis zrdisas eleqtromagnitis Ruza miizideba 

gularaze, xolo Semcirebisas, drekadi sistemis aRmdgeni 

Zalebis meSveobiT, Ruza ubrundeba sawyis mdgomareobas, ris 

gamoc amgznebi Zalis sixSire utoldeba vibroamgznebis 

gragnilze miwodebuli cvladi denis gaormagebul sixSires da 

misi 50 hc sixSiris cvladi denis qselidan kvebis SemTxvevaSi 

Seasrulebs 100 rxevas. 

moqmedebis xasiaTis mixedviT arCeven rezonansuli 

moqmedebis emva-s. rezonansul vibroamgznebebSi, rodesac 

amplituda sahaero RreCos naxevarze meti SeiZleba gaxdes, 

adgili eqneba vibrodartymebs – dajaxebebs Ruzasa da stators 

Soris. danadgaris simtkicis da muSaobis normaluri reJimis 

TvalsazrisiT aseTi procesi aramdgradia. aseTi tipis 

vibroamgznebebi (rezonansuli), iTvlebian ra rxevebis agznebis 

mZlavr wyarod, gamoiyenebian eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

bunkerebis amZravad, Tumca gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom danadgaris 

elementebi ganicdian did dinamiur datvirTvas [1, 47, 115, 117]. 

korpusis konstruqciuli Sesrulebis mixedviT, 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebi iyofian Ria, daxurul, 

hermetiul da afeTqebad usafrTxo manqanebad. 

rxeviTi moZraobis mixedviT, vibroamgznebebi warmodgenili 

arian rogorc mcire, aseve didi svlis (sahaero RreCo 2-3 mm-mde 

da meti) mqone sworxazovan, wrewiris rkalze da xraxnuli 

traeqtoriiT moZrav danadgarebad [109, 185, 189]. 

kvebis saSualebis mixedviT eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

amgznebebi SeiZleba daiyos Semdeg jgufebad [117, 121, 167, 168]: 

danadgarebi gammarTvelebiT;

24 

reaqtiuli danadgarebi mudmivi denis agznebis da 

gammarTvelebis gareSe; 

danadgarebi mudmivi denis SemagnitebiT; 

danadgarebi, romelTa agzneba xorcieldeba mudmivi 

magnitiT; 

danadgarebi, romelTa agzneba warmoebs mudmivi denis 

wyaros impulsebiT. 

sxvadasxava saeqspluatacio pirobebidan gamomdinare, 

gansxvavdeba emva-is rogorc masa–gabarituli maCveneblebi, aseve 

konstruqciuli Sesruleba da, ZiriTadaT, ganisazRvreba 

danadgarSi gamoyenebuli drekadi sistemis mravalgvarobiT. 

arCeven vibroamgznebebs foladis da sxva drekadi masalis 

furclovani resorebiT; xraxnuli, cilindruli an konusuri 

foladis zambarebiT. aqve aRvniSnavT, rom SedarebiT farTo 

gamoyeneba hpova ori tipis drekadma sistemam – brtyeli 

resorebiT da xraxnuli zambarebiT.

25 


eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis konstruqciaTa 

umravlesoba farTod gamoiyeneba soflis meurneobis sxvadasxva 

dargebSi. Tumca faqtia, rom didi liTontevadobis emva-bi, 

miuxedavad maTi maRali energetikuli maCveneblebisa, naklebad 

gamoiyeneba mobiluri manqanebisa da meqanizmebis amZravTa saxiT. 

isini ZiriTadaT xasiaTdebian, rogorc stacionalur pirobebSi 

momuSave danadgarebi [1, 30, 124, 125]. 

naxaz 1.1-ze mocemuli erTtaqtiani emva Sedgeba gularas 1, 

Ruzis 2 da gragnilebisgan LM1, LM2, romelTa kveba 

xorcieldeba denis impulsebiT calnaxevarperiodiani 

gammarTvelidan VD. wredSi CarTuli maSuntirebeli winaRobis R 

regulirebiT SesaZlebelia eleqtromagnitis gragnilSi 

gamavali denis mdgenelebs Soris Tanafardobis cvlileba. 

amgvarad, winaRobis cvlilebiT SesaZlebelia naxtomiseburad 

vcvaloT amgznebis meqanikuri sixSire 50-dan 100 hc-mde. 

feromeqanikuri emva-s principialuri sqema naCvenebia nax. 

1.2-ze. aRniSnul sistemaSi arawrfivi induqciurobis L da wrfivi 

tevadobis C mimdevrobiTi mierTebiT da maTi sidideTa 

Sesabamisi SerCeviT miRweulia rTuli rezonansuli movlenebi – 

Zabvebis ferorezonansi da rxeviTi sistemis meqanikuri 

rezonansi. ganxilul eleqtromagnitur viboramgznebs gaaCnia 

simZlavris da margi qmedebis maRali koeficienti. 

vibroamgznebTa rig konstruqciebSi, mudmivi deniT 

Semagnitebis nacvlad, gamoiyeneba mudmivi magnitebi /ix. nax. 1.3/. 

am SemTxvevaSi, emva-is eleqtromagnitis gularaze 1

1 

26 

LM2 

LM1 

~ 

nax. 1.1 

~ 

2 

nax. 1.2 

LM 

C 

VD 

R

27 

daxveuli gragnili 4 qmnis cvlad magnitur vels. mudmivi 

magniti 2 drekadi sistemis 3 saSualebiT dakavSirebulia 

eleqtromagnitTan. konstruqciaSi meqanikuri rxevebis sixSire 

tolia mkvebavi qselis cvladi denis sixSirisa. aqve 

aRsaniSnavia, rom muSa organos gadaecema aramarto mimarTuli 

pulsirebuli Zala, aramed cvladi momentic [170]. 

erTtaqtian emva-is rxevis amplitudis regulirebisaTvis 

SesaZlebelia gamoviyenoT marTvis avtomatizebuli sistemebi 

/nax. 1.4/. vibroamgznebi Sedgeba: eleqtromagnitis 1, kvebis 

blokis 2 – gragnili 3 da masTan mimdevrobiT mierTebuli 

kondensatoriT 4, feromagnituri Ruzis 5, drekadi elementis 6 

da Ruzis gadaadgilebis gadamwodisagan 7, romelic 

dakavSirebulia mas-is Sedarebis blokis 8-9 erT-erT 

SesasvlelTan, romlidanac signali gadaewodeba maZlierebels 

10 da marTvis blokis 11 gavliT ubrundeba kvebis bloks, riTac 

miiRweva marTvis ukukavSiriani sistemiT Ruzis rxevis 

amplitudis cvlilebis regulireba [166]. 

aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom erTtaqtiani emva-sgan 

gansxvavebiT ortaqtian vibroamgznebebs gaaCniaT SedarebiT 

maRali saeqspluatacio da energetikuli maCveneblebi, Tumca 

konstruqciuli SesrulebiT, wona-gabarituli maCveneblebiT da 

liTontevadobiT, xSiri da Sromatevadi gawyobebis Catarebis 

aucileblobiT, sakmarisad CamorCebian erTtaqtian amgznebebs da 

ramdenadac, Cveni kvlevis sagans ar warmoadgenen ortaqtiani 

amgznebebi, maT konstruqciaTa analizs aRar vawarmoebT.

~ 

2 

4 

11 

3 

N 

1 

28 

nax. 1.3 

10 

~ 

nax. 1.4 

S 

4 

5 

6 

8 9 

7 

3 

2 

1

29 

1.4. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebi 

kuTxiT-rxevadi RuziT 

ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis emva-sTan SedarebiT, 

kuTxiT-rxevad Ruziani amgznebebi gacilebiT naklebad 

gavrcelebulia da, Sesabamisad, maTi konstruqciaTa nairsaxeoba 

SezRudulia. miuxedavad amisa, msgavsi amgznebebi farTo 

gamoyenebas pouloben maTi ZiriTadi dadebiTi efeqtis gamo, rac 

gamoixateba imiT, rom Ruzis grZivi RerZidan muSa organos 

gansxvavebuli manZiliT damagrebis SesaZleblobis arsebobiT 

miiReba gadaadgilebis praqtikulad nebismieri amplituda. 

magram, rogorc Catarebulma sapatento Ziebam gviCvena, 

dReisaTvis arsebuli vibroamgznebebi mainc gamoirCevian 

konstruqciuli Sesrulebis naklovanebiT da saWiroeben Semdgom 

srulyofas warmoebis teqnologiur ciklSi maTi intensiuri 

danergvis mizniT [4, 6, 31, 97]. 

cnobilia vibroamgznebis konstruqcia, romelic Ruzis 

naxevar-rgolebTan urTierTSejaxebis gamo gamoirCeva 

SezRuduli simZlavriT da rxevaTa gasaqaniT. masSi, sapirispiro 

polusebis amgznebi gragnilebi SeerTebulia mimdevrobiT, xolo 

Ruza Sesrulebulia ori aSkarad gamoxatuli polusebiT. Ruzis 

Tavdapirveli gadaadgileba erT-erT ukidures wertilSi 

miiRweva drekadi elementebis saSualebiT, romelTac Ruzis 

simetriuli mdgomareobis SemTxvevaSi gaaCniaT aramdgradi 

wonasworoba [118]. 

korporacia `The Gillette Co.~-s mier, eleqtrosakreWis 

amZravad, dapatentebulia reaqtiuli emva, romelsac gaaCnia 

sapirispiro faziT rxeviTi moZraobaSi moyvanili ori rotori,

30 

rac mniSvnelovnad zrdis amgznebis liTontevadobas da 

gabaritul zomebs [54]. 

rTuli konstruqciuli SesrulebiT da SezRuduli 

simZlavriT xasiaTdeba firma `seiko~-s mier SemoTavazebuli 

kuTxiT-rxevadi vibroamgznebi, romlis statoris gulara 

damzadebulia permaliisgan. misi agzneba uSualod xorcieldeba 

koWebis saSualebiT. Ruza Sesrulebulia mudmivi magnitisgan, 

romlis erT-erT boloze mimagrebulia mimwoli meqnizmi, 

dakavSirebuli xrutuna meqanizmis kbilanebTan. vibroamgznebis 

koWebSi mudmivi denis gatarebiT Ruza asrulebs rxeviT 

moZraobas, xolo xrutunas rgoli uwyvetad brunavs dasaxuli 

mimarTulebiT. warmodgenili vibroamgznebis feromagnitur 

Ruzas SeuZlia Seasrulos kuTxuri rxevebi. uZravad yofnis 

dros, Ruzas akavebs zambara im mdgomareobaSi, rodesac 

magnituri gamtaroba ar aris maqsimaluri. amasTanave, Ruzis 

uZrav mdgomareobaSi yofnis dros, wredi momarTulia 

rezonansis principze, riTac mcirdeba energiis danakargebi 

[149, 165]. 

naxaz 1.5-ze naCvenebi eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebisTvis 

damaxasiaTebel Taviseburebas warmoadgens Ruzis 2 da statoris 

3 monacvle polusebis gansxvavebuli forma. cilindruli forma 

aqvT mxolod 4-1, 4-2 da 4-3, 4-4 polusTa zedapirebs, xolo 

danarCeni ori wyvili 4-5, 4-6 da 4-7, 4-8 polusebisa isea 

gaTvlili, rom Ruzis saaTis isris mimarTulebiT mobrunebis 

dros Seqmnili momenti izrdeba iseTi kanonzomierebiT, rogorc 

4-1, 4-2 da 4-3, 4-4 wyvili polusebis mier Seqmnili momentis 

Semcirebis procesi. Ruzis sawyis mdgomareobaSi dabruneba 

xorcieldeba spiraluri zambaris moqmedebis Sedegad [170].

31 

nax. 1.5 

nax. 1.6

32 

vibroamgznebis Semdegi konstruqciuli Sesruleba /nax. 1.6/, 

ikvebeba samrewvelo sixSiris cvladi denis qselidan. igi, 

rogorc wesi, Seicavs kuTxiT-rxevad Ruzas, erTi an ori 

wyvili polusebiT, romelTagan TiToeuli monacvleobiT 

aigzneba cvladi denis cali naxevarperiodis ganmavlobaSi 

wredSi sapirispirod CarTuli ori naxevargamtaruli elementis 

VD1, VD2 xarjze. vibroamgznebis statorze ganlagebulia or 

wyvilad dajgufebuli oTxi polusi, raTa gawonasworebuli 

iqnes radialuri mizidulobis Zala da darCes mxolod 

tangenciuri [71]. 

cxadia, rom zemomoyvanili yvela eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebisTvis, romlebic Seicaven or stacionalur 

elements, Ruzas da stators da qmnian urTierTsawinaaRmdego 

mimarTulebis Zalebs an momentebs, yovelTvis arsebobs 

SesaZlebloba uari vTqvaT erT-erT gammarTvelze, Tu 

gamoviyenebT Ruzis ukusvlis zambaras an SevqmniT ukusvlis 

eleqtromagnitur Zalas, im momentSi, rodesac denis Zalis 

gadineba warmoebs erTaderT naxevargamtarul elementSi. 

kuTxiT-rxevadi emva-s originaluri konstruqciebi 

moyvanilia sxva literaturul wyaroebSi [33, 36, 64, 66, 69, 76, 91], 

Tumca zogierTi naklovani mxareebis gamo, isini SezRudulad 

gamoiyeneba mcire simZlavris danadgarebsa da meqanizmebSi.

33 

1.5. sasoflo-sameurneo produqtTa damuSavebisTvis 

gankuTvnili eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

bunkeruli danadgarebi 

ukanasknel periodSi, sasoflo-sameurneo produqtTa 

warmoebis teqnologiur procesebSi, eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli bunkerebis danergva metad aqtualur amocanas 

warmoadgens. maTi meSveobiT SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva formisa 

da masis produqtTa transportireba, dozireba, biostimulacia 

da a.S. 

dReisaTvis cnobili eleqtromagnituri amZravis mqone 

vibraciuli bunkerebi muSaoben mimarTuli rezonansuli 

sakidaris principiT. danergili konstruqciebi gamoirCevian 

bunkeris jamis zomebis (90...1000 mm) da maT mier moxmarebuli 

simZlavris (3...300 vt) cvlilebis farTo diapazoniT. 

eleqtromagnituri vibrobunkerebis klasifikacia warmoebs 

Semdegi ZiriTadi maCveneblebiT [94, 108, 109, 185]: 

1. eleqtromagnitebis ganlagebisa da xerxebis mixedviT: 

vibraciuli bunkerebi vertikalurad ganlagebuli 

eleqtromagnitiT; 

tangencialurad ganlagebuli ramdenime eleqtromagnitiT. 

2. drekadi sakidaris formebis mixedviT: 

bunkerebi erTi da mravalfeniani brtyeli drekadi 

elementebiT; 

cilindruli Reros mqone mrgvali zambarebiT. 

3. Zabvis cvlilebis saSualebaTa mixedviT: 

vibrobunkerebSi Zabvis regulireba avtotransformatoris 

gamoyenebiT;

34 

eleqtromagnitis koWaSi denis Zalis da Zabvis cvlileba 

mimdevrobiT CarTuli reostatis meSveobiT; 

wevis Zalvis cvlileba eleqtromagnitis sahaero RreCos 

regulirebiT. 

4. rezonansuli momarTvis regulirebis mixedviT: 

ganivi kveTis drekad elementTa inerciis momentis 

cvlilebiT; 

vibrobunkerebSi rezonansuli momarTvis regulireba 

drekad elementTa paketis rogorc sisqis, aseve raodenobis 

cvlilebiT; 

regulireba damatebiTi tvirTis gamoyenebiT. 

5. bunkeris damagrebis xerxisa da formis mixedviT: 

bunkerebi cilindruli formis jamiT; 

konusuri jamiT. 

eleqtromagnitur vibrodanadgarebSi dasamuSavebeli 

masalis gadaadgilebis siCqaris cvlilebaze zegavlenas axdens: 

1. avtotransformatoridan miRebuli Zabvis sxvadasxva 

mniSvnelobebi; 

2. mimdevrobiT CarTuli reostatiT eleqtromagnitis koWebSi 

gamavali denis Zala; 

3. magnituri nakadi; 

4. fazaTa Soris Zvris kuTxe. 

literaturulma mimoxilvam saSualeba mogvca Cagvetarebina 

arsebuli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli bunkeruli 

danadgarebis konstruqciebis analizi. 

ssip – soflis meurneobis meqanizaciis da eleqtrifikaciis 

institutSi Seqmnilia abreSumis grenis gamajansaRebeli 

vibraciuli bunkeri [114], romelic Sedgeba cilindruli

35 

rezervuaris meqanikuri rxevebis amgznebi eleqtromagnitis, 

xisti sayrdenebis, drekadi elementebis da rezervuaris 

membranuli Zirisagan, romelzedac xistad mierTebulia 

eleqtromagnitis Ruza. vibroamgznebis statorze ganlagebulia 

orseqciani muSa gragnilebi. vibraciuli bunkeri ikvebeba 220v 

cvladi denis samrewvelo sixSiris qselidan, gaaCnia SedarebiT 

dabali simZlavris koeficienti da energetikuli maCveneblebi. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom rezervuaris rxevebis intensiuroba xels 

uwyobs abreSumis grenis gajansaRebis teqnologiuri ciklis 

Semcirebas. 

cnobilia vibrobunkeri [172], romelSic eleqtromagnitis 

koWa damWerebiT damagrebulia danadgaris sadgarze. Ruza isea 

Sesrulebuli, rom misi diametri faravs eleqtromagnitis 

polusebis mTel farTs. vibroamgznebis gawyobisas 

gasaTvaliswinebelia rxevis amplituda, e.i. bunkerSi 

moTavsebuli dasamuSavebeli masalis tyorcnis kuTxe. 

eleqtromagnitis koWa gadaadgildeba tyorcnis mcire kuTxis 

mimarTulebiT. danadgaris awyobas awarmoeben im dromde, sanam 

tyorcnis kuTxe bunkeris yvela wertilSi ar iqneba erTnairi. am 

SemTxvevaSi rxevis centri emTxveva bunkeris geometriul 

centrs, ris saSualebiTac Tavidan aris acilebuli danadgaris 

muSaobis SesaZlo arasasurveli reJimi. 

fxvieri masalebis transportirebisaTvis gankuTvnili 

vibraciuli bunkeri [94] Sedgeba sadgaris, sayrdeni cilindruli 

Reroebisagan (zambarebi), romelTa konusur daboloebaze 

dadgmulia disko bunkeriT. diskos qveS damagrebulia 

eleqtromagnitis Ruza, romelic Tavis mxriv ebjineba sadgars. 

vibrobunkeris ZiriTad dadebiT mxared miCneulia drekadi

36 

elementebis, kerZod, sayrdeni cilindruli Reroebis 

daboloebis diskos mimarT gadaadgilebis unari. 

aseve, cnobilia eleqtromagnituri vibrobunkeri [115], 

romelic Sedgeba Ш-seburi eleqtromagnitis gularasagan, 

mabruni RerZis, sadgarisa da Ruzisgan. sadgarze damagrebulia 

solenoidi, romelic Tavis mxriv mierTebulia eleqtromagnitis 

gularas ganapira Reroze, xolo gularas meore Reroze 

damagrebulia ukuqcevis zambara. qselSi Zabvis cvlilebis dros 

adgili aqvs rxevis amplitudis cvlilebas da miiReba 

stabiluri rxevis amplituda. 

sasoflo-sameurneo produqtTa warmoebis teqnologiuri 

procesebis avtomatizaciis srulyofisaTvis mizanSewonilad 

miCneulia vibrobunkerebTan erTad sxvadasxva daniSnulebis 

mqone vibraciuli danadgarebis gamoyeneba. 

Seqmnilia naRebis warmoebisaTvis gankuTvnili 

vibrodanadgari [1], romelic Seicavs cilindrul rezervuars, 

eleqtromagnitur amgznebTa jgufs, elastiur sakidars, 

CasatvirTs, sadgars RerZuli misadgmeliT, romlis saSualebiT 

SesaZlebelia rezervuaris dacla da garecxva. meqanikuri 

rxevebis amgznebebi erTmaneTs ukavSirdeba samfaziani bogas 

sqemis principiT. amasTanave, cilindruli rezervuaris 

zedapiris gaswvriv ganlagebul eleqtromagnitur amgznebTa 

jgufi dasamuSavebel produqts gadascems Semxvedr ukuqceviT- 

winsvliT rxeviT moZraobas. aRniSnuli vibraciuli danadgari 

miekuTvneba inerciul ZalTa zemoqmedebis Sedegad momuSave 

teqnikur sistemebs. masSi miRweulia dasamuSavebel masalaTa 

intensiuri gadaadgilebis procesi, Tumca Znelad xorcieldeba

37 

kavitaciis zRvars zemoT intensiuri meqanikuri rxevebis 

warmoqmna. 

gansxvavebuli kontruqciuli SesrulebiT xasiaTdeba 

sasoflo-sameurneo poduqtTa biostimulaciisaTvis gankuTvnili 

vibraciuli danadgari [114], romelic Sedgeba gofrirebuli 

membranis Ziriani rezervuarisgan, rac Tavis mxriv xistad 

dakavSirebulia eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis RuzasTan. 

danadgari uzrunvelyofs Txevad masalaSi aucilebeli 

intensiuri rxevebis ganviTarebas. konstruqciis naklovan mxared 

ganixileba eleqtromagnitSi mcire sididis sahaero RreCos 

arseboba, danadgaris rezonansul reJimSi muSaobisas Ruzasa da 

stators Soris Sejaxebis SesaZlebloba, agreTve xmauris 

maRali done. 

Catarebulma literaturulma kvlevam gviCvena, rom 

samrewvelo sixSireze momuSave eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebis gamoyeneba xasiaTdeba rigi upiratesobebiT [1, 35, 

89, 124, 128, 129, 141]: 

emva-s kveba uSualod xorcieldeba 50 hc sixSiris mqone 

cvladi denis qselidan erTnaxevarperiodiani gammarTvelis 

gamoyenebiT; 

danadgarebs gaaCniaT martivi konstruqciuli Sesruleba da 

maRali saeqspluatacio saimedooba.

38 


eleqtrokvebisa da marTvis eleqtruli sqemebis analizi 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis muSaobis reJimebis 

da, Sesabamisad, rezervuaris rxevis intensiurobis regulirebis 

sakiTxi, Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis 

teqnologiuri procesebis warmarTvis srulyofisaTvis, metad 

aucilebelia. 

vibraciuli danadgarebis stabiluri da efeqtiani muSaobis 

maRalxarisxiani maCveneblebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis vibraciul 

amgznebTa kvebisa da marTvis eleqtruli sqemebis damuSaveba 

erT-erT ZiriTad amocanad miiCneva. amJamad, farTod gamoiyeneba 

erTtaqtiani eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis rxevebis 

ampliturdis regulirebis sxvadasxva saxis eleqtruli sqemebi 

[79, 80, 83, 86, 94, 154, 167, 169]. 

nax. 1.7-ze naCveneb emva-Si eleqtromagnitis gragnilis 

mimdevrobiT CarTulia naxevargamtaruli diodi, ris Sedegadac, 

Ruzis mizidva gularaze xorcieldeba erTjer periodis 

ganmavlobaSi, e.i. Ruzis rxevebis ricxvi utoldeba qselis 

sixSires. 50 hc sixSiris qselidan kvebis dros vibroamgznebi 

uzrunvelyofs 3000 rxevas wuTSi. emva-s rxevis amplituda 

regulirdeba gragnilSi denis sididis cvlilebiT. 

emva-is eleqtrul wredSi /nax. 1.8/ CarTulia cvladi denis 

sixSiris regulatori. vibroamgznebis rxevis amplitudis 

regulireba SesaZlebelia avtotransformatoris an reostatis 

saSualebiT. 

Tumca, aseTi saxis sqemis gamoyeneba ZviradRirebuli 

sixSiris regulatoris arsebobis gamo naklebad mizanSewonilia.

39 

nax. 1.7 

nax. 1.8 

VD 

~ 50hc 

~ 50 

hc

40 

SedarebiT gansxvavebuli marTvis sqema gaaCnia nax. 1.9-ze 

gamosaxul emva-s, romlis koWa Sedgeba ori seqciisagan: 

pirveli seqcia ikvebeba cvladi denis qselidan, xolo meore 

gankuTvnilia mudmivi magnituri velis Sesaqmnelad. 

cvladi da mudmivi magnituri nakadebis urTierTqmedebiT, 

Zabvis rxevis erTi periodis ganmavlobaSi, majamebeli magnituri 

nakadi erTxel aRwevs rogorc maqsimalur, aseve nulovan 

mniSvnelobas. zemoaRwerili danadgarebisagan gansxvavebiT, 

ganxiluli emva-is rxevis amplituda regulirdeba 

avtotransformatoriT, gaaCnia maRali m.q.k. (cos1) da adgili 

aqvs mudmivi denis wyaroSi Zabvis transformacias. 

rTuli feromeqanikuri rezonansis movleniT xasiaTdeba 

nax. 1.10-ze ganxiluli emva. marTvis sqemaSi cvladi deniT 

mkvebavi eleqtromagnitis koWasTan kondensatoris paralelurad 

CarTvisas warmoiqmneba gansxvavebuli sixSiris avtorxevebi. 

kondensatoris tevadobis SerCeviT, sahaero RreCos mocemuli 

sididis SemTxvevaSi, myardeba denebis rezonansi da qselis 

Zabvis gansazRvrul mniSvnelobaze miiRweva Ruzis moZraoba, 

Tumca misi rxevis sixSire qselis sixSirisgan gansxvavebulia. 

eleqtromagnitis wredSi Zabvis zemoqmedebis qveS myofi 

kondensatoris mier dagrovili energiis amplituduri 

mniSvnelobis gazrdisa da Semcirebis procesi mimdinareobs 

mkvebavi qselis sixSirisagan gansxvavebul sixSireze. energiis 

cvalebadobis sakuTari sixSire damokidebulia rogorc 

tevadobaze, aseve meqanikuri sistemis rxevebis sakuTar 

sixSireze. amiT aixsneba wredSi CarTuli tevadobis zegavlena 

Ruzis rxevis sixSiris cvlilebaze. 

nax. 1.11-ze mocemulia ortaqtiani emva-s marTvis SedarebiT

41 

nax. 1.9 

nax. 1.10 

= 

C 

~ 50 hc 

~ 50 

hc

42 

srulyofili sqema, romlis drosac gamoricxulia denis 

simetriuli cvlilebis SesaZlebeli damaxinjeba da 

sagrZnoblad gazrdilia vibroamZravis simZlavre. misi kveba 

xorcieldeba cvladi denis qselidan calnaxevarperiodiani 

gammarTveliT. aRniSnuli sqemiT vibroamgznebis rxevis sixSiris 

regulireba garTulebulia, Tumca, dasaSvebia misi amplitudis 

cvlileba avtotransformatoris an reostatis gamoyenebiT. 

naxaz 1.12-ze gamosaxuli emva-is marTvis Tiristoruli sqema 

saSualebas gvaZlevs farTo zRvrebSi mdored vareguliroT 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis rxevis amplituda rogorc 

mcire, aseve didi simZlavreebis SemTxvevaSi. sqema xasiaTdeba 

maRali saimedoobiT, saSualebas gvaZlevs gamoviyenoT 

distanciuri avtomaturi marTva. 

miuxedavad arsebuli sirTuleebisa, eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebis rxevis amplitudis regulirebisaTvis marTvis 

Tiristoruli sqemebis gamoyeneba perspeqtiulad miiCneva. 

kvlevaTa warmarTva emva-is marTvis Tiristoruli sqemebis 

srulyofisaken, warmoadgenen metad aucilebel, aqtualur 

amocanas [95, 96, 102, 104, 112, 134, 178]. 

zemoaRwerili eleqtrokvebisa da marTvis eleqtruli 

sqemebis mimoxilvidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia davaskvnaT: 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis eleqtrokvebisa da 

marTvis sqemebi saWiroeben Semdgom srulyofas maTi 

induqciuri datvirTvebis gaTvaliswinebiT; 

vibraciuli danadgarebis muSaobis reJimebis efeqturi 

marTvisaTvis mizanSewonilia Tiristorul sqemaTa 

gamoyeneba.

VD 

43 

nax. 1.11 

VT1 VT2 

nax. 1.12 

~ 50 

~ 50 

hc 

hc

44 

1.7. kvlevis mizani da amocanebi 

arsebuli literaturis da sapatento wyaroebis 

mimoxilvidan gamomdinare, Camoyalibebul iqna Casatarebeli 

kvlevebis miznebi da amocanebi. 

ramdenadac, samuSaos ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgarebis damuSaveba, kvleva da am procesebSi 

maTi efeqtianobis dasabuTeba, sakiTxis Seswavlis mdgomareobis 

gaTvaliswinebiT dasaxul iqna rigi amocanebisa: 

1. meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebis intensifikaciisaTvis 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis damuSaveba; 

2. vibrodanadgarebisaTvis eleqtrokvebisa da marTvis 

eleqtruli sqemebis damuSaveba agregatTa energetikuli 

maCveneblebis amaRlebis mizniT; 

3. eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis muSaobis reJimebis 

eqsperimentuli kvleva da miRebuli Sedegebis analizi; 

4. Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis stimulirebaze 

vibraciuli rxevebis amplitudebis, sixSireebisa da 

sxvadasxva eqspoziciaTa zemoqmedebis Seswavla da sasurveli 

optimaluri variantis dadgena; 

5. vibrodanadgaris saeqspluatacio, energetikuli da 

ergonomiuli maCveneblebis da saimedoobis gaumjobeseba; 

6. danadgarTa ekonomikuri efeqtianobis dasabuTeba da 

Rvinomasalebis mwarmoeblebTaTvis rekomendaciebis 

damuSaveba.

45 

Tavi II. sacdeli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebi 

da maTi kvlevis meTodika 

2.1. sacdeli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

konstruqciuli Taviseburebani 

vibraciuli rxevebis zegavlena Rvinis da sabrende 

spirtebis daZvelebaze Seswavlilia mravali avtoris mier; 

kerZod, dadgenilia amgvari fizikuri zemoqmedebis dadebiTi 

efeqti daZvelebis iseTi umniSvnelovanesi procesebis 

mimdinareobaze, rogoric aris eTerifikacia, acetalwarmoqmna da 

a.S. samwuxarod, eqsperimentulma danadgarebma, magaliTad, 

eleqtromagniturma avzebma, am procesebis gansaxorcieleblad 

dRemde ver naxes praqtikuli gamoyeneba, ZiriTadad 

vibroamgznebi danadgarebis rxevebis sixSiris da intensiobis 

regulirebis SeuZleblobis gamo [70, 74, 78, 130, 171]. 

kvlevebis Catarebis dros sacdel obieqtad SerCeuli iqna 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo universitetis 

soflis meurneobis eleqtrifikaciis departamentis mier 

Seqmnili ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis erTtaqtiani 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli bunkeruli danadgari /nax. 2.4/. 

aRniSnuli vibrodanadgaris bazaze Seiqmna da damuSavda mTeli 

rigi axali konstruqciebisa, romlebsac ganvixilavT SemdgomSi. 

zemoaRniSnuli vibrobunkeris daniSnulebaa dasamuSavebel 

Rvinomasalas miawodos mimarTuli rxeviTi moZraoba, kerZod, 

uzrunvelyos muSa organoSi – rezervuarSi, kasrSi CatvirTuli 

sabrende spirtebis da Rvinomasalebis vibraciuli rxeva, 

erTdroulad, rogorc ukuqceviT–winsvliTi, aseve xraxnuli

1 

9 

4 

5 

2 

 

46 

nax. 2.4 

 

6 

7 

3 

8

47 

traeqtoriiT, rac SesaZleblobas iZleva danadgaris aqtiur 

masas mieniWos ori Tavisuflebis xarisxi, gadaadgildes 

vertikalurad da, amavdoulad, imoZravos xraxnulad 

vertikaluri RerZis garSemo [1, 17, 19, 172]. 

sabazo vibrodanadgari /nax. 2.4/ Seicavs masiur sadgars 1, 

romelzec 20 0 -iani kuTxiT daxrili sworkuTxa drekadi 

elementebis 2 saSualebiT mierTebulia muSa organo 3 

rezervuariT 4. sadgaris centrSi, Tavis mxriv, damagrebulia 

eleqtromagnitis Ш-seburi gulara 5, xolo Ruza 6 xistad 

ukavSirdeba muSa organos. eleqtromagnitis koWa 7 ikvebeba 

cvladi denis qselidan rogorc sinusoiduri, aseve 

calnaxevarperiodiani deniT. vibraciuli bunkeris sadgari 

rezinis drekadi sistemis 8 saSualebiT ebjibneba sayrdens 9. 

warmodgenil eleqtromagnitur vibroamgznebs, rogorc sxva 

rezonansul manqanas, SeuZlia muSaobdes rogorc rezonansamdel 

reJimSi 0, aseve rezonansis Semdgom, rodesac 0. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom rezonansul reJimSi 0 muSaobis dros, 

vibraciaSi moyvanil sistemas eniWeba rxevaTa maqsimaluri 

amplituda, ris Sedegad, danadgaris rezervuarSi moTavsebuli 

siTxe iZens maqsimalurad did vibraciis siCqares da adgili 

aqvs fontanirebas (vibroduRils). Tumca, miuxedavad qselidan 

moxmarebuli minimaluri energiisa da maqsimluri wevis Zalisa, 

warmodgenili vibrodanadgaris muSaoba am reJimSi aramdgradia, 

Sedegad, igi xasiaTdeba dabali energetikuli da 

saeqspluatacio maxasiaTeblebiT, rac ganpirobebulia imiT, rom 

gularasa da Ruzas Soris sahaero RreCo mcire sididisaa, ris 

gamoc, Ruza ver aviTarebs ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis did 

amplitudas. ganviTarebuli rxevis maqsimaluri amplituda

48 

yovelTvis naklebia sahaero RreCos sidideze A m . amasTan, 

0 

rodesac A m adgili eqneba eleqtromagnitis Ruzis Sejaxebas 

0 

statorTan, rac iwvevs mowyobilobis muSaobis garkveuli 

reJimebis aramdgradobas da sabolood, muSaobis saimedoobis 

xarisxis Semcirebas. praqtikulad, ganxiluli vibraciuli 

danadgarisaTvis saukeTeso Sedegi miiReba, rodesac sistema 

momarTulia f s=50,5...51,5 hc sakuTari rxevis sixSireze samuSaod. 

zemoaRniSnuli naklovani mxareebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

gawyobebis xSirad Catarebebis Tavidan asacileblad, damuSavda 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris axali konstruqcia. 

kerZod, rxevebis amgznebad gamoviyeneT ssssu-is s.m. 

eleqtrifikaciis departamentis bazaze Seqmnili kuTxiT-rxevad 

Ruziani eleqtromagnituri amgznebi /64/ misi ZiriTadi dadebiTi 

efeqtis gamo, rac ganpirobebulia imiT, rom Ruzis grZivi 

RerZidan muSa organos gansxvavebuli manZiliT damagrebis 

SesaZleblobis arsebobiT miiReba gadaadgilebis nebismieri 

amplituda, aseve vibrodanadgaris rezonansul reJimSi 

muSaobisas Tanmdevi negatiuri procesebi praqtikulad 

gamoricxulia, gaaCnia funqciuri SesaZleblobebis farTo 

areali, maRali saeqspluatacio da energetikuli maCveneblebi 

[4, 29, 67, 69, 163]. 

SemoTavazebuli vibrodanadgari /nax. 2.5; danarTi 3/ Seicavs 

sadgars 1, madempfirebeli zambarebiT 2, romelTa meSveobiT 

masze drekadad damagrebulia fila 3, xolo, Tavis mxriv, 

filaze xistadaa dayenebuli kuTxuri rxevebis vibroamgznebis 

korpusi 4, romelSic moTavsebulia uZravi statori 5 da moZravi 

Ruza 6 agznebis gragnilebiT 7. Tavis mxriv, moZravi Ruza 

moTavsebulia sakisrebian lilvze 8, xolo filaze xistad

16 

14 

15 

9 

49 

nax. 2.5 

10 

11 

12 

13 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

1

50 

damagrebulia sayrdeni, romelic Sesrulebulia vertikaluri 

drekadi elementebis 9, masze horizontalurad damagrebuli, 

erTmaneTis qveS ganlagebuli, zeda 10 da qveda 11 rgolebis, 

zeda 12 da qveda 13 diskoebis da maT Soris moTavsebuli 

drekadi elementebis 14 saxiT. sayrdeni dayenebulia lilvis 

garSemo garkveuli kuTxiT Semobrunebis SesaZleblobiT. zeda 

da qveda diskoebi sogmanis 15 saSualebiT xistadaa aseve 

damagrebuli lilvze, romelic horizontaluri drekadi 

elementebis saSualebiT ukavSirdeba zeda da qveda rgolebs. 

zeda rgolze dayenebulia rezervuari 16. qveda rgolze 

damagrebulia vertikaluri drekadi elementebi, romlebic, Tavis 

mxriv, dakavSirebulia filasTan. 

emva muSaobs Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT: winaswar 

rezervuarSi tvirTaven dasamuSavebel masalas. CarTaven 

kuTxuri rxevebis eleqtromagnitur amgznebs, ris Semdegac 

moZrav Ruzas, lilvisa da sayrdenis saSualebiT, moZraobaSi 

mohyavs rezervuari da, Sesabamisad, masSi CatvirTuli 

Rvinomasalebi. rezervuaris xraxnul-rxeviTi moZraoba miiReba 

agznebis gragnilebSi cvladi an impulsuri denis gavlis 

SemTxvevaSi, romelsac, cxadia, kuTxiT-rxevad moZraobaSi moyavs 

Ruza da lilvi, rac iwvevs vertikaluri drekadi elementebis 9 

neitraluri (vertikaluri) mdgomareobidan gadaxras garkveuli 

kuTxiT, magaliTad marjvniv, da aiZulebs horizontalur 

drekad elementebs 14 gadaixaros garkveuli kuTxiT 

neitraluri (horizontaluri) mdgomareobidan qvemoT. rxevis 

mimarTulebis Secvla, e.i. Ruzis mobruneba marcxniv, 

ganapirobebs drekadi elementebis moZraobas sawinaaRmdego 

mimarTulebiT; kerZod, rodesac vertikaluri drekadi

51 

elementebi 9 ubrundeba sawyis mdgomareobas da Semdeg 

gadaixreba neitraluri mdgomareobidan (-) kuTxiT anu 

sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT, am dros horizontaluri drekadi 

elementebi 14 imoZraveben qvevidan zeviT manZiliT x t, 

sadac 

- vertikaluri drekadi elementis sigrZea, m; da, Sedegad, 

drois im momentSi miaRwevs neitralur mdgomareobas, rodesac 

vertikaluri drekadi elementebi 9 daikaveben sawyis – 

neitralur mdgomareobas da Semdeg gadaixreba isev qveda 

mimarTulebiT kuTxiT. maSasadame, Ruzis kuTxuri rxevebi 

marjvena da marcxnena mimarTulebiT iwvevs horizontaluri 

drekadi elementebis, zeda 10 da qveda 11 rgolebisa da, cxadia, 

rezervuaris sinqronul rxeviT moZraobas, kerZod, xraxnul 

moZraobas. 

warmodgenili vibrodanadgari, romelic mravalmxrivi 

funqciuri da maRali saeqspluatacio maxasiaTeblebiT 

gamoirCeva, soflis meurneobasa da kvebis mrewvelobaSi 

masalebis maRalefeqtiani da xarisxiani vibraciuli damuSavebis 

saSualebas iZleva, Tumca, mcire simZlavris sawarmoo- 

teqnologiur ciklSi misi danergva naklebad misaRebia 

danadgaris damzadebaze gaweuli danaxarjebisa da didi 

liTontevadobis gamo [69]. 

zemoaRniSnuli uaryofiTi mxareebis gaTvaliswinebiT 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarisaTvis damuSavda 

axali, naklebad liTontevadi magnitogamtaris konstruqcia 

/nax. 2.6a, 2.6b; danarTi 1, 4/, romelic xasiaTdeba gaumjobesebuli 

energetikuli, saeqspluatacio maxasiaTeblebiT da, Sesabamisad, 

mdgradi muSa reJimebiT [32, 34, 57, 59, 84]. 

magnitogamtari warmoadgens `П~-seburi formis marTkuTxa

5 

5 

7 

7 

2-1 

2-1 

3-1 

3-1 

4 

4 

52 

 

0 

2 

1 

 

 

2 

nax. 2.6 a 

 

0 

2 

1 

 

 

2 

VD 

nax. 2.6 b 

6 

6 

3-2 

3-2 

2-2 

2-2

53 

gulars (stators) 1, romlis Reroebze 2-1 da 2-2 moTavsebulia 

denis gragnilebi 3-1, 3-2. gularas faravs Ruza 4, romelic, 

gansaxvavebiT sabazo vibrodanadgarisagan, dayenebulia gularis 

Reroebs Soris sahaero RreCoTi 0 2 da gaaCnia ukuqceviT- 

winsvliTi moZraobis SesaZlebloba. gulari damontaJebulia 

sadgarze 5, zolo Ruza, Tavis mxriv, xistad mierTebulia muSa 

organoze, romelic drekadi elementebis 7 saSualebiT 

dajavSirebulia sadgarTan. Ruzis sigrZe gularis Reroebs 

Soris manZilze naklebia. muSaobis sawyis periodSi Ruza 

gularis Reroebs Soris Ruzis polusebis simaRlis naxevriT 

aris CaSvebuli da misi maqsimaluri rxevis amplituda Ruzis 

polusis simaRlis naxevrs 2 utoldeba. 

unda aRvniSnoT, rom warmodgenili magnitogamtari sxva 

`П~- seburi prototipi magnitogamtarisgan gansxvavdeba imiT, rom 

warmodgenil erTtaqtian eleqtromagnitSi Ruzis polusebi 

moZraobs statoris Reroebis polusebs Soris mudmivi sahaero 

RreCoebiT 2 da mizidvis Zala F damokidebulia rogorc 

0 

mudmivi RreCoebis sidideze, aseve misi polusebis farTis S 

gadafarvis cvlilebaze, rac iwvevs Ruzis gadaadgilebas misive 

polusis simaRlis naxevriT 2 . absoluturi sizustiT 

gawyobili vibrodanadgaris Ruzis statoris polusebs Soris 

moZraobisas gamoricxulia maTi Sejaxeba, riTac izrdeba 

danadgaris aqtiuri masis – rezervuaris, kasris gadadgilebis 

SesaZlebloba 2, 

energetikuli maCveneblebi da muSaobis 

saimedooba. 

A m 

zemoaRwerili axali magnitogamtaris gaTvaliswinebiT, 

Seiqmna da damuSavda ukuqceviT-winvliTi moZraobis erTtaqtiani

54 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris kidev erTi 

konstruqcia [35, 108, 112, 125, 130]. 

unda aRiniSnos, rom sawyis etapze Catarda misi grafikuli 

eskizis da detalirebis samuSaoebi kompiuterze «3D-MAX» 

programuli uzrunvelyofis saSualebiT /danarTi 2/. 

nax. 2.7-ze moyvanilia damuSavebuli eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebis principuli sqema, romelic Sedgeba sadgaris 1 

da masTan dakavSirebuli statorisagan 2, romlis Reroebze 11 

xistad damagrebulia gragnili 12, igi kvebas Rebulobs cvladi 

denis Zabvidan. statoris polusebi 9, Ruzis 3 TiToeul 

polusTan 10 magniturad dakavSirebulia sahaero RreCoebiT, 

xolo rezervuaris 14 sayrdeni 8 mierTebulia sadgarTan 

drekadi elementebis 13 daxmarebiT, rac saSualebas iZleva 

vawarmooT vibroamgznebze dayenebuli rezervuaris moZraoba. 

vibraciuli danadgaris sadgari rezinis drekadi sistemis 15 

saSualebiT ebjibneba sayrdens 16. 

SemoTavazebuli vibraciuli amgznebi arsebuli 

prototipebisagan [1, 17, 18, 19, 94, 100, 103] gansxvavdeba imiT, rom 

statori, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, Sesrulebulia `П~-seburi 

magnitogamtariT, romlis Ruza moZraobs statoris SigniT, 

romelic lilviT 4 xistad mierTebulia gorvis sakisaris 5 

Sida diametrTan 6, es ukanaskneli gare diametriT 7 aseve 

xistad aris mierTebuli rezervuaris sayrdenTan 8 da mizidvis 

Zala damokidebulia aramarto sahaero RreCos 0 sidideze, 

aramed amgznebis polusebis 9, 10 zedapirebis farTebis S da S 

1 

2 

cvlaze. Sedegad, adgili aqvs rxevis amplitudis zrdas da 

statoris da Ruzis erTmaneTTan Sejaxebis ararsebobas, rac 

iwvevs vibroamgznebis liTonis moculobis Semcirebas da zrdis

U 

~ 

VD 

 

12 

 

55 

 

nax. 2.7 

2 

3 

 

0 

2 

nax. 2.8 a nax. 2.8 b

muSaobis saimedoobas. 

56 

vibraciuli danadgari muSaobs Semdegnairad: cvladi denis 

momWerebze Zabvis miwodebis dros, statoris or mimdevrul- 

Tanxvedrilad SeerTebul gragnilSi gaivlis deni da Sesabamis 

magnitur konturSi warmoqmnis cvlad magnitur nakads Ф, 

romelic Seikvreba magnitur konturSi da moxdeba Ruzis 

mizidva F ZaliT zevidan qveviT, am dros drekadi sistema 

imoZravebs wriuli traeqtoriiT zevidan qveviT, Semobrundeba 

gorvis sakisari raime ( ) kuTxiT, xolo mkvebavi Zabvis meore 

naxevarperiodis dros, rodesac gragnilebSi deni ar gadis, 

gorvis sakisari mobrundeba ( ) kuTxiT, drekadi sistema da 

Ruza imoZraveben qvevidan zemoT. daubrundeba ra Ruza sawyis 

mdgomareobas, Sesruldeba harmoniuli rxevis erTi periodi. 

meore da Semdeg periodebSi denis gavla gamoiwvevs Ruzis 

mizidvas, xolo denis ararsebobis dros ganzidvas da ase 

harmoniulad daiwyebs eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis 

rezervuari da, Sesabamisad, masSi moTavsebuli Rvinomasalebi 

RuzasTan erTad rxevas cvladi denis sixSiriT. 

kerZod, nax. 2.8a SemTxvevaSi vibroamgznebis rxevebis 

sixSire, mkvebavi qselis samrewvelo sixSiris pirobebSi, tolia 

50 hc, xolo nax. 2.8 b-ze mocemuli sqemisaTvis, Ruzis rxevis 

sixSire f=100 hc toli iqneba. 

aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom kvlevis obieqtebi warmoadgenen 

ori – aqtiuri m a da reaqtiuli m r masis mqone rxeviT sistemas. 

vibraciaSi mosayvani sistemis eleqtromagnitis agzneba 

xorcieldeba rogorc sinusoiduri, aseve calnaxevarperiodiani 

deniT f=50 hc sixSiriT. aseTive sixSiriT mimdinareobs 

vibrirebadi sistemis rxevebi. rezonansuli reJimis

57 

dasamyareblad aucilebelia vcvaloT danadgaris 

eleqtromeqanikuri parametrebi – vibraciis sixSire, amplituda, 

drekadi elementebis sixiste, amasTan, pirveli ori sidide 

mdored, xolo sixiste – safexurebad. meqanikuri rezonansis 

dasamyareblad, saWiroa Sesruldes piroba, romlis Tanaxmad 

drekadi elementebis sixiste 

c 

m 

2 a r 

 

, n/m. (2.1) 

m 

a 

m 

m 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis sakuTari rxevis 

sixSire, vibraciuli sistemis masis da drekadi elementebis – 

resorebis sixisteze damokidebulebaSi gamoisaxeba Semdegi 

formuliT: 

sadac c – resoris sixiste, n/m; 

f 

1 

2 

m – vibrirebadi sistemis masa, kg. 

s 

 

c 

m 

r 

, hc, (2.2) 

sakuTari rxevebis sixSire mowmdeba da ganisazRvreboda 

bgeriTi generatoris saSualebiT. eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebis Ruzas da gularas Soris sahaero RreCos 

SerCevis sizuste ganapirobebs danadgarebis karg funqciur da 

energetikul maCveneblebs /cxrili 2.1/. SedarebiT didi sididis 

RreCos SerCeva araracionaluria muSa organos rxevis mcire 

amplitudis da qselidan moTxovnili gazrdili simZlavris gamo 

[18, 104, 180, 196]. 

vibroamgznebis koWas gragnilebis izolacia gaxurebaze 

mowmdeba danadgaris maqsimaluri (oTx saaTiani) datvirTviT 

muSaobis dros. koWis temperaturam ar unda gadaaWarbos 60 0 C. 

gamocdiT miRebuli Sedegebi akmayofilebs standartebs, romlis

58 

Tanaxmad muSa temperaturaze izolaciis winaRoba unda 

aRematebodes: 

r 

U 

1000 0,01S 

sadac U n – gragnilis nominaluri Zabva, v; 

n , momi, (2.3) 

iz 

S n – nominaluri sruli simZlavre, va. 

n

59 

cxrili 2.1. eqsperimentuli vibraciuli danadgaris 

teqnikuri parametrebi 

parametrebis dasaxeleba parametrebi 

danadgaris diametri, mm 

danadgaris masa, kg 

minimaluri 250 

maqsimaluri 320 

umciresi 5,0 

udidesi 8,0 

datvirTvis udidesi masa, kg 8,5 

danadgaris rxevis 

umciresi 1,5 

amplituda, mm udidesi 8,0 

carieli rezervuaris aqtiuri masa, kg 2,2 

sadgaris masa, kg 22,8 

rxevis amplitudis sixSire, hc 48,5...51,5 

sahaero RreCos sidide, mm 0,2...0,8 

drekadi elementebis kveTis forma sworkuTxa 

muSa Zabvis regulirebis diapazoni, v 60...220 

vibroamgznebis nominaluri deni, a 1,6 

dempfirebis koeficienti 5,4

60 

2.2. kvlevis meTodika 

eqsperimentuli kvlevebis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs 

warmoadgens meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis 

gankuTvnili axali konstruqciis eleqtromagnituri 

vibroamgznebebis dinamikuri parametrebis Seswavla misi 

sxvadasxva muSa reJimebis dros da energetikuli, ekonomikuri 

da ergonomiuli maCveneblebis TvalsazrisiT, maTi muSaobis 

optimaluri reJimebis dadgena, agreTve, vibraciuli 

danadgarebis konstruqciuli parametrebis gaangariSebis 

meTodikis Sesaqmnelad Teoriuli safuZvlebis dazusteba. 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis kvlevisaTvis 

aucilebelia eleqtruli, magnituri, meqanikuri da Tburi 

sidideebis gazomva. Catarebuli kvlevebis meSveobiT 

ganisazRvra, sxvadasxva ZabviT kvebisas, danadgarebis mier 

moTxovnili denis Zalebi, simZlavreebi, gragnilebis 

induqciuroba da winaRoba, izolaciis winaRoba. magnituri 

sidideebis gazomva damokidebulia sahaero RreCoSi induqciis 

gansazRvraze. meqanikuri sidideebis gazomva warmoebda wevis 

Zalebis, Ruzis rxevis sixSireebis, vibrosiCqaris da 

vibrogadaadgilebis parametrebis droSi cvlilebis 

registraciis pirobebSi sxvadasxva saxis datvirTvis reJimSi [6, 

63, 105, 119, 133]. 

ramdenadac, kvlevis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens Rvinisa 

da sabrende spirtebis warmoebis teqnologiuri procesebis 

intensifikaciisaTvis eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgarebis racionaluri konstruqciis damuSaveba, 

kvlevebisas aqcenti aRebul iqna zemoaRweril rogorc

61 

ukuqceviT-winsvliTi, aseve kuTxiT-rxevadi moZraobis mqone 

amgznebebiT aRWurvil vibrodanadgarebze. 

Catarda Rvinomasalebis vibraciuli rxevebiT damuSavebis 

teqnologiis da teqnikuri saSualebebis gamocda 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis muSaobis racionaluri 

reJimebis, ekonomikuri efeqtianobisa da mwarmoeblobis 

gansazRvris da dazustebis mizniT. 

eqsperimentuli kvlevebisa da gamocdisaTvis damatebiT 

gamoyenebul iqna specialuri da Cveulebrivi saxis eleqtruli 

manqanebisa da aparatebisaTvis cnobili meTodikebi [15, 16, 56, 61, 

131, 133].

62 

2.3. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis eleqtruli 

parametrebis gazomvis meTodika 

eqsperimentuli kvlevebis dasaxuli miznebidan da 

amocanebidan gamomdinare Catarebul iqna eleqtromagnituri 

vibrodanadgarebis gamocda da dadginda rogorc maTi 

amplitudur-sixSiruli da fazur-sixSiruli maxasiaTeblebi, 

aseve vibroamznebebis maxasiaTeblebi sixSiruli marTvis 

sxvadasxva kanonebis realizaciisas [20, 43]. 

gamocda Catarda saqarTvelos saxelwifo sasoflo- 

sameurneo universitetis soflis merneobis eleqtrifikaciis 

departamentSi Seqmnil specialur stendze /nax. 2.1/; sqemaSi 

mokledSerTul rotorian asinqronul Zravas M1 moZraobaSi 

mohyavs mudmivi denis generatori G1, romlidanac Zabva 

miewodeba damoukidebeli agznebis mudmivi denis Zravas M2, 

romlis lilvi xistad dakavSirebulia sinqronuli generatoris 

G2 lilvTan. reostatebis winaRobebis R1, R2, da R3 sidideebis 

Secvlis gziT, sqemaSi uzrunvelyofilia sinqronuli 

generatoris Zabvis U cvlileba 0-dan 250 v-mde diapazonSi, 

xolo cvladi denis sixSiris regulireba f=10...60 hc-mde 

farglebSi. unda aRiniSnos, rom stendSi CarTuli agregatebis 

simZlavre, kerZod, sinqronuli generatoris simZlavre 

SerCeulia ise, rom uzrunvelyofilia vibrodanadgarebis 

mdgradi muSaoba cvladi denis sixSiris regulirebis mTel 

diapazonSi. 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis stendze gamocdisas 

eleqtruli da meqanikuri parametrebi dadginda Tanaxmad 

cnobili meTodikisa. emva-s muSa organos rxevis amplitudis

QF 

~380v 

n1=1450wm -1 

LG1 

63 

LM2 

M1 G1 M2 

P 22kvt 

1 S 21kva 

1 

+ 

R 

R G1 

M 2 

+ - 

220v 

+ - 

220v 

nax. 2.1 

 

x 

nax. 2.2 

R 

maZlierebeli 

oscilografi 

LG2 

P 5, 

8kvt 

2 

-1 

n 2 1500wT 

G2 

YA 

f 10... 

60hc 

- 

R G 2 

S 4, 

5kva 

2 

- 

22v 

+

egistracia warmoebda nax. 2.2-ze moyvanili sqemis mixedviT. 

64 

agreTve gamoyenebul iqna induqciuri gardamqmneli /nax. 2.3/. 

masSi moTavsebuli mudmivi magnitis rxevis sixSiris sididis 

gansazRvriT davadgineT vibraciis intensivoba. vobrometris 

DBG-2E K4-2 da induqciuri gardamqmnelis L21F gamoyenebiT 

gavzomeT vobrosiCqare diapazonSi 0,1...100 mm/wm da mcire 

vibrogadaadgileba 2...200 mkm-mde, amasTan cdomilebam Seadgina 

15% [106, 135, 136, 138, 140]. 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebis cvladi denis Zalis da 

Zabvis moqmedi mniSvnelobebis, qselidan moTxovnili aqtiuri da 

reaqtiuli simZlavreebis gazomva warmoebda kombinirebuli 

gasazomi kompleqtebiT R506 da K50. cvladi denis sixSire 

gaizoma eleqtronuli sixSirmzomiT XP-34. 

dasaxuli amocanebis Sesabamisad, oscilogramebis 

gadasaRebad SevirCieT oscilografi H117/1 ultraiisferi 

fotoCaweriT. ZiriTadad, yuradReba eTmoboda im faqts, rom 

mcire vibraciebi ar gadascemoda galvanometrebs, risTvisac 

isini irTvebodnen gaTvlil gare winaRobebze da warmoebda 

nulovani xazebis Cawera; amasTan, adgili ar hqonda nulovani 

xazebis gadaxras da talRiseburobas, risTvisac tardeboda 

gare vibraciis zemoqmedebis izolirebis RonisZiebebi. 

statikuri cdomilebebis Semcirebis mizniT da Caweris xarisxis 

asamaRleblad galvanometrebis sawyisi mdgomareoba saSualebas 

iZleoda sxivebis momarTvas Caweris sibrtyis marTobulad. 

Zabvis registraciis oscilografiuli galvanometris 

diapazonis SesarCevad gamoyenebuli iyo zRvrebis amomrCeveli 

P009 da P010, romlebic uzrunvelyofdnen galvanometrebis 

dacvas denebis gadatvirTvisagan.

65 

X 

nax. 2.3 

N 

S 

 

 

P

66 

2.4. meqanikuri parametrebis kvleva 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis Ruzis gadaadgilebis 

myisieri mniSvnelobis da amplitudis gazomva xorcieldeboda 

potenciometruli gadamwodis saSualebiT, romelic 

Sesrulebuli iyo ortaqtiani diferencialuri boguri sqemiT. 

vibrodanadgaris muSa organos rxevis procesSi Sesabamisad 

warmoebda potenciometris mcocis nulovani mdgomareobidan 

gadaxra, rac saSualebas gvaZlevda dagvefiqsirebina Ruzis 

gadaadgilebis da rxevis amplitudis mniSvnelobebi [40, 44]. 

rxevaTa sakuTari sixSiris da milevis koeficientis 

gazomva warmoebda sistemis sakuTari rxevis milevis procesis 

oscilografirebis gziT, mas Semdeg, rac igi gamoirTveboda 

marTvis sqemidan [160]. 

ramdenadac vibrodanadgaris amgznebi Zalis sidide an misi 

wevis Zalva warmoadgens sistemis meqanikuri, eleqtruli da 

magnituri parametrebis droze damokidebulebis rTul funqcias, 

gamartivebis mizniT SevizRudeT vibrodanadgaris wevis Zalvis 

gazomviT statikaSi sxvadasxva fiqsirebuli RreCoebis 

pirobebSi. Tumca, rogorc praqtikam gviCvena, wevis Zalvis 

gazomva da Cawera aucilebelia warmoebdes mxolod dinamikaSi 

[5, 92, 126, 138, 176, 194].

67 

Tavi III. Teoriuli kvlevebi 


eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis 

Teoriis sakiTxisaTvis 

ukanaskneli periodis ganmavlobaSi soflis meurneobaSi 

sxvadasxva teqnologiuri procesebis efeqtianad marTvisa da 

mniSvnelovani teqnikur–ekonomikuri efeqtis misaRebad farTo 

gamoyenebas iZenen eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebi. 

maT dadebiT mxareebs miakuTvneben konstruqciis da 

eqspluataciis simartives, mbrunavi da moxaxune nawilebis 

uqonlobas, maRal saimedoobas, xmauris dabal dones, 

xangamZleobas, Tumca maT gaaCniaT agreTve uaryofiTi Tviseba: 

SezRuduli funqciuri SesaZlebloba, kerZod, amplitudis 

meryeoba datvirTvis cvalebadobisas da sahaero RreCos mcire 

sididiT gamowveuli SezRuduli amplituda [1, 7, 39, 73, 116]. 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebi warmoadgenen 

iseT rxeviT sistemebs (Cveulebriv ormasians), romelSic muSa 

organos masebis moZraobis xasiaTi ganisazRvreba sistemis 

geometriuli da dinamikuri parametrebiT. maTi konstruqciuli 

Taviseburebani damyarebelia moqmedebis rezonansuli principis 

gamoyenebaze, rodesac vibroamZravis mcire amgznebi ZaliT 

SesaZlebelia muSa organoze mniSvnelovani Zalvis modeba. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom rezonansul reJimSi danadgaris mdgrad 

muSaobas ganapirobebs rxeviTi sistemis zusti gaangariSeba [48, 

61, 62, 87]. 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebis intensifikaciisaTvis 

gankuTvnili sakvlevi eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebi,

68 

kerZod, danadgarebi ukuqceviT–winsvliTi moZraobis 

erTtaqtiani amgznebiT /ixileT, par. 2.4; nax. 2.4; 2.6; 2.7/, rogorc 

ukve aRvniSneT, ZiriTadad warmodgenilia Tavisuflebis ori 

xarisxis mqone ormasiani sistemis saxiT, sadac m2 danadgaris 

sadgaris masaa, da ebjineba mcire sixistis c 2, n/m, saamortizacio 

drekad elementebs, xolo danadgaris zedapirze damagrebuli 

rezervuari mocemulia m 1 masiT, romelic Tavis mxriv 

damagrebulia c 1 sixistis mqone drekad resorebze /nax. 3.1a/. 

aRvniSnavT, rom TiToeul masaze moqmedebs sididiT toli da 

faziT urTierTsawinaaRmdego Zalvebi. angariSis 

gasamartiveblad rxeviT sistemaSi arsebul winaaRmdegobis 

Zalebs droebiT ugulebelvyofT. 

Cveulebrivad, amortizatoris (rezinis drekadi elementi) 

sixiste gacilebiT naklebia ZiriTadi drekadi elementis – 

resoris sixisteze, ris gamoc harmoniuli amgznebi Zalis Fsint 

zemoqmedebis qveS myofi masebis moZraobis diferencialuri 

gantolebebi Semdeg saxes Rebuloben: 

m x 

c 

( x x ) Fsin 

t 

m x 

c 

y c ( x x ) Fsin 

t 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

gantolebis gasamartiveblad SemoviRoT aRniSvnebi: 

c c 

m 

1 2 

2 

1 

1 

c c 

1 a ; b ; d 

m m 

F 

q ; q 

1 

2 

m 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

2 

F 

, 

m 

Tu (3.1) gantolebis kerZo amonaxsns 

x 

x 

1 

2 

A 

A 

1 

2 

sin t 

sin t 

1 , 2 

1 

1 

, 

wm 

 

, 

 

2 

kg m/wm . (3.1) 

2 

m wm . (3.2) 

 

 

 

, (3.3) 

(3.2) aRniSvnebis gaTvaliswinebiT SevitanT (3.1) gantolebaSi,

x 

x 1 

x 2 

69 

F 

F 

C 2 

m 1 

m 2 

nax. 3.1a 

m 

nax. 3.1b 

C 1 

T C

2 

( a ) A 

2 

2 

70 

bA 

2 

A d ( d ) A 

1 

1 

q 

1 

q 

2 

 

 

 

. (3.4) 

misi amoxsniT dgindeba danadgaris aqtiuri da reaqtiuli 

masebis rxevis amplitudis Semdegi Tanafardoba: 

A 

A 

q d ( a ) q 

2 

1 2 

1 

. (3.5) 

2 

( d ) q bq 

2 

2 1 

am gamosaxulebaSi (3.2) aRniSvnebis CasmiT da Sesabamisi 

SekveciT, vRebulobT: 

A 

A 

m 

c 

2 

1 

2 

2 

2 

m1 

2 . (3.6) 

rxeviTi sistemis sixSiruli gantolebis warmosadgenad 

ugulebelvyofT amgzneb Zalas, Sedegad, rodesac q1=q2=0 (3.4) 

gamosaxulebidan vRobulobT: 

( a 

 

) A 

bA 

2 

A d ( d ) A 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

 

, (3.7) 

 

da amplitudebi A 1 da A 2 Rebulobs nulisagan gansxvavebul 

amonaxsens, im SemTxvevaSic, Tu gantolebaTa sistemis (3.7) 

ganmsazRvreli tolia nulis: 

misi gaSliT da nulTan gatolebiT 

2 

a b 

0 . (3.8) 

2 

d d 

4 2 

( a d) 

d( 

a b) 

0, 

(3.9) 

vRebulobT rxeviTi sistemis bikvadratul sixSirul 

gantolebas, romelSic (3.2)-dan aRniSvnebis SetaniT gamovsaxavT 

sakuTari rxevis or sixSires: 

m ( c c ) m c 

2m 

m 

1 1 2 2 1 

1 1 2 2 1 

1 2 

1, 

2 

 

, wm-1 . (3.10) 

1 

2 

m ( c c ) m c 

 

2m 

m 

 

 

1 2 

2 

c c 

m m 

1 

2

71 

radgan c2

72 

x – sistemis masis gadaadgileba, m. 

erTmasiani sistemis iZulebiTi rxevis diferencialuri 

gantoleba Caiwereba saxiT: 

sadac 

2 Fsin 

t 

x 

2nx 

x , (3.16) 

m 

h 

n – milevis koeficienti, n/m kg . 

2m 

Tu gamovricxavT rxevis milevas, romelsac garkveuli 

mniSvneloba gaaCnia mxolod vibrodanadgaris agznebis periodSi, 

maSin rxevadi masis gadaadgileba damyarebuli iZulebiTi rxevis 

pirobebSi gamoisaxeba tolobiT: 

F 1 

x sin t 

2 

2 

m 

0 

2 

2 2 

4 

n 

 

1 

 

2 

4 

0 

0 

 

, m, (3.17) 

sadac – gadaadgilebasa da gare Zalebs Soris fazaTa Zvris 

kuTxe, romelic ganisazRvreba Tanafardobidan: 

tg 

2mn 

2 

 

 

n 

 

0 0 

 

. (3.18) 

2 2 

2 

0 

 

 

1 

 

 

 

0 

 

F 

Tu davuSvebT, rom x , maSin (3.17) gamosaxulebidan 

st 

2 

m 

vRebulobT: 

A 

0 

x 

, m, (3.19) 

st 

2 

2 

2 2 

 

 

1 

 

2 

0 

1 

 

 

 

 

4 

n 

 

 

sadac x – statikuri wanacvleba, romelic miiReba Zalis F 

st 

statikuri modebis SemTxvevaSi. 

4 

0

damokidebuleba 

koeficients , kerZod, 

 

A 

x 

st 

73 

A 

gansazRvravs dinamikurobis 

x st 

 

 

 

1 

 

2 

2 

0 

1 

 

 

 

 

2 

2 

4 

n 

 

 

4 

0 

2 

. (3.20) 

es sidide damokidebulia amgznebi Zalis kuTxuri 

(iZulebiTi) da Tavisufali rxevis sixSireTa fardobaze 

agreTve 

n 

 

0 

–ze, romelic xSir SemTxvevaSi Zalze mcirea. 

 

, 

0 

Tu sistemaSi rxevis mileva mcirea /nax. 3.2/, maSin amgznebi 

Zalis sixSiris zrdasTan erTad izrdeba, rogorc 

dinamikurobis koeficienti, aseve rxevis amplituda. 

aRsaRniSnavia, rom dinamikurobis koeficientis maqsimumi 

 

daZrulia abscisidan 1, 

Tumca es Zvra, rogorc ukve 

 

0 

avRniSneT, mcire sididisaa da (3.20) gamosaxulebaSi CasmiT 

0 

miaxloebiT ganvsazRvravT maqs. –s: 

0 

 

2n 

maqs. , (3.21) 

aqedan naTelia, rom dinamikurobis koeficientis maqsimumi 

milevis koeficientis n ukuproporciulia. 

rxevis maqsimaluri amplituda ganisazRvreba tolobiT: 

A 

maqs. 

x 

maqs. 

 

maqs. 

x 

 

maqs. 

2n 

 

0 

, m. (3.22) 

3.2 naxazidan Cans, rom rodesac amgznebi Zalis sixSire 

mniSvnelobiT mcirea sistemis rxevis sakuTar sixSiresTan

74 

SedarebiT, maSin dinamikurobis koeficienti 1 

(rodesac 

 

0) da iZulebiTi rxevebis amplituda miaxloebiT 

0 

gautoldeba x st –s. aseT SemTxvevaSi, amgznebi Zalis sin t 

statikuri moqmedebis gaTvaliswinebiT, SesaZlebelia nebismier 

dros sakmarisi sizustiT gamovTvaloT sistemis masis 

gadaadgileba. 

meore zRvruli SemTxvevisaTvis, rodesac >> 0, rogorc 

dinamikurobis koeficienti, aseve iZulebiTi rxevis amplituda 

xdeba Zalze mcire da saboloo jamSi nulisken miiswrafis 

( 

 

; =0). 

 

0 

milevis sxvadasxva SemTxvevisaTvis agebuli mrudeebi, 

zemoaRniSnuli orive zRvruli pirobisaTvis, sakmarisad 

uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs. aqedan gamomdinareobs, rom 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris momarTvisas iZulebiTi 

rxevis amplitudis gaangariSebisaTvis praqtikulad ar xdeba 

demfirebis Zalebis gaTvaliswineba. 

naxazze 3.3 naCvenebia fazaTa Zvris kuTxis 

damokidebuleba amgznebi Zalis sixSireze sxvadasxva sididis 

milevis koeficientis SemTxvevaSi. (3.18) gamosaxulebis 

analizidan da, Sesabamisad, diagramidan Cans, rom rezonansis 

reJimSi amgzneb Zalasa da gadaadgilebas Soris fazaTa Zvris 

 

kuTxe udris , am dros 

2 

 

=1, tg=. rodesac 

0 

 

=0 da 

0 

 

= 

0 

gamosaxuleba (3.18)–dan vpoulobT 0=0; =. maSasadame, 

vibraciuli danadgaris rezonansamdel reJimSi muSaobisas 

fazaTa Zvris kuTxe icvleba 0...90 0 zRvrebSi, xolo rezonansis

75 

0 

0 

01 

. 

0 

n 

0 

02 

. 

0 

n 

0 

07 

. 

0 

n 

0 

10 

. 

0 

n 

0 

. 

0 

n 

0 

07 

. 

0 

n 

0 

10 

. 

0 

n 

0 

. 

0 

02 

. 

0 

n 

0 

01 

. 

0 

n 

0 

0 

n 

05 

05 

nax. 3.2

76 

nax. 3.3 

n 

 

n 

 

0 

0 

n 

 

0 

n 

 

n 

 

0 

0 

0 

 

 

 

 

0. 

05 

0. 

01 

0. 

15 

0. 

20 

n 

 

0 

 

0. 

25 

 

0

Semdgom reJimSi – 90...180 0 . 

77 

aRsaniSnavia, rom sistemis muSa organos rxevis amplituda 

da mwarmoebluroba meryeobs farTo zRvrebSi, rac gamowveulia 

vibrodanadgaris momarTvis siaxloviT rezonansTan. rxevis 

maqsimaluri amplituda da, Sesabamisad, danadgaris moTxovnili 

minimaluri amgznebi Zalva iqmneba sistemis rezonansSi 

momarTvisas (e.i. rodesac = 0). Tumca, rezonansSi danadgaris 

zusti momarTvis dros rxevis amplitudis sidideze 

mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens sistemaSi milevis cvlileba, 

romelic damokidebuli iqneba vibrobunkerSi CatvirTuli 

dasamuSavebeli produqtis masisagan. 

zemomoyvanilidan gamomdinare, rezonansul reJimSi 

momarTuli danadgaris mwarmoebluroba iqneba aramdgradi, 

amitomac misi sakuTari rxevis sixSire 0 SeirCeva amgznebi 

 

Zalis sixSireze meti sididis 1, 

e.i. danadgari, 

 

egredwodebul rezonansamdel reJimSi, muSaobs rezonansis 

mrudis aRmaval Stoze. rxevadi sistemis aseTi momarTva 

dasabuTebulia imiT, rom sakuTari rxevis sixSiris 

rezonansulidan mcire gadaxrisas mkveTrad mcirdeba milevis 

cvlilebaze sistemis mgrZnobiaroba. am gadaxras 

rezonansamdeli mrudis Stosken gaaCnia Semdegi upiratesobebi: 

optimalur reJimSi saimedo muSaoba gamowveulia zustad 

gaangariSebuli konstruqciis mqone vibrodanadgariT. sistemis 

muSaobis optimaluri reJimis parametrebi damokidebulia 

sakuTari rxevis sixSireze, rezervuarSi CatvirTuli 

dasamuSavebeli Rvinomasalis wonasa da moZraobis siCqareze, 

romelmac unda uzrunvelyos stabiluri mwarmoebluroba 

0

78 

rogorc uqm svlaze da datvirTvis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, aseve 

qselidan moTxovnili minimaluri energiis dros. magram, Tu 

gaviTvaliswinebT meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesis 

moTxovnilebebs, vibraciuli danadgaris muSaoba uqm svlaze 

faqtiurad ar xorcieldeba. 

davazustebT, rom eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgaris rezervuarSi CatvirTuli dasamuSavebeli masala 

(spirti, yurZnis durdo, yurZeni da a.S.) zemoqmedebas axdens 

rxeviTi sistemis or parametrze – sakuTari rxevis sixSiresa da 

milevis koeficientze. masalis wonis gazrdis dros 

umniSvnelod mcirdeba danadgaris sakuTari rxevis sixSire, 

amave dros, Zlierdeba sistemis mileva. rezonansamdel reJimSi 

momarTvisas am ori parametris cvlileba sistemaSi iwvevs 

urTierTsawinaaRmdego movlenas, kerZod, sakuTari rxevis 

sixSiris SemcirebiT sistema uaxlovdeba rezonansis 

mdgomareobas, rac, cxadia, gazrdis rxevis amplitudas, Tumca, 

meore parametris – milevis gazrda gamoiwvevs sawinaaRmdego 

moqmedebas. maSasadame, masalis wonis zegavlena vibrodanadgaris 

muSaobis reJimebze gansakuTrebiT Semcirebulia. ganvixilavT ra, 

rezonansis Semdgom reJimSi samuSaod momarTul sistemas, 

zemomoyvanili parametrebis cvlileba, sakuTari rxevis siSiris 

Semcireba da sistemaSi milevis gazrda danadgarze moqmedebs 

erTi konkretuli mimarTulebiT – amcirebs rxevebis sixSiris 

intensiurobas da, Sesabamisad, mwarmoeblurobas, romelic ar 

iTvleba mkacrad gansazRvrul sidided da SeiZleba meryeobdes 

garkveul zRvrebSi [20, 41, 72, 101, 123]. 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris rxevadi sistemis 

sakuTari sixSiris sworad SesarCevad da muSaobis mdgradi

79 

reJimebis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens 

sistemaSi milevis procesis kanonzomierebaTa dadgena. 

ganvixiloT damyarebuli iZulebiTi rxevis procesSi 

amgznebi ZaliT F sin t 

warmoebuli muSaoba. amgznebi Zalis 

modebis wertilis siCqare: 

rxevis periodis 

E gamoiTvleba gamosaxulebiT: 

 

0 

x Acos( 

t 

) 

, m/wm. (3.23) 

2 

ganmavlobaSi Sesrulebuli muSaoba 

 

AFsin 

 

E Fsin 

t 

cos( t 

) 

dt AFsin 

, (3.24) 

2 

romelic blanti winaaRmdegobis Zalis T moqmedebis Sedegad 

c 

gabneuli energiis E toli unda iyos drois igive SualedSi. 

Tu gavamravlebT winaaRmdegobis Zalas xdt–ze da movaxdenT 

integrirebas intervalSi 0–dan –mde, miviRebT gamosaxulebas 

erT ciklSi gabneuli energiisaTvis: 

2 2 

2 2 2 

hA 

2 

E 

hA cos ( t 

) 

dt hA 

. (3.25) 

2 

 

 

0 

E da E –is gatolebiT ganvsazRvravT amgzneb Zalas: 

hA 

F . (3.26) 

sin 

am gantolebaSi h=2mn mniSvnelobis CasmiT, vRebulobT: 

2Amn 

F . (3.27) 

sin 

maSasadame, winaaRmdegobis Zalebis dasaZlevad daxarjuli 

saSualo energia: 

2 2 

E 

hA 2 2 

W A mn , jouli. (3.28) 

2

80 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare SegviZlia aRvniSnoT, rom 

eleqtromagnitur vibraciul danadgarSi saWiro energiis 

danaxarjebi damokidebulia sistemaSi arsebuli winaaRmdegobis 

Zalebis sidideze. 

davazustebT, rom ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis 

erTtaqtian eleqtromagnitur vibraciul danadgarebSi amgznebi 

Zala iqmneba ZiriTadi muSa magnituri nakadiT, romelic 

warmoiqmneba Ruzisa da gularas Soris arsebul sahaero 

RreCoSi damamagnitebel gragnilSi cvladi an pulsirebuli 

denis gavlisas. procesis analizis ZiriTad sirTules 

warmoadgens is garemoeba, rom Ruzis moZraobis SemTxvevaSi 

icvleba sahaero RreCos magnituri SeRwevadoba, rac, Tavis 

mxriv, iwvevs gragnilis induqciurobis da magnituri nakadis 

cvlilebas. amitom TviTinduqciis e.m.Z.–is garda vibroamgznebis 

gragnilebSi warmoiqmneba, egreT wodebuli, moZraobis e.m.Z. es 

ukanaskneli iwvevs eleqtromagnitis gragnilSi gamavali denis 

sididis da, Sesabamisad, mis mier ganviTarebuli amgznebi Zalis 

cvlilebas. [14, 22, 42, 49, 107, 158]. 

ukuqceviT–winsvliTi moZraobis erTtaqtiani 

eleqtromagnituri amgznebis Ruzis moZraoba gamoisaxeba 

gantolebiT: 

2 

d x c 

dx 

 

cx Fx, 

i, 

(3.29) 

dt dt 

m 2 

xolo eleqtromagnitis koWaSi gamavali denisaTvis i, vwerT: 

sadac Ut U 0 sin t 

di 

L Ri Ut, 

(3.30) 

dt 

– vibroamgznebis gragnilze modebuli 

sinusoiduri Zabva, v;

. m – Ruzis da masze mierTebuli muSa organos masa, kg; 

81 

c – drekadi elementebis sixiste, n/m; 

– gare winaaRmdegobis koeficienti; 

– drekadi elementis Sida winaaRmdegobis koeficienti; 

L – eleqtromagnitis gragnilis induqciuroba, hn; 

x – statikuri wonasworobis mdgomareobidan Ruzis 

gadaadgileba, m; 

R – eleqtromagnitis wredis aqtiuri winaRoba, omi. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom induqciuroba L damokidebulia 

gadaadgilebaze, ramdenadac Ruzis gadaadgilebisas icvleba 

sahaero RreCos sidide [122, 144, 147]. miaxloebiT SeiZleba 

miviRoT, rom 

L 

L 

x 

1 

 

x 

0 , hn, (3.31) 

sadac L0 – induqciuroba eleqtromagnitis Ruzis Sualeduri 

mdgomareobis dros, hn; 

x0 – sahaero RreCos Sualeduri sidide, mm. 

histerezisze danakargebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe 

vibroamgznebis wevis Zalva x, i 

saidanac 

0 

F SeiZleba miviRoT tolobidan: 

2 

Li 

id 

F 

dx , Li , (3.32) 

2 

F 

x, i 

2 

2 2 2 

i dL i L 

. (3.33) 

2 dx 2L 

2L 

sadac – induqciurobis modulaciis koeficienti, 

 

L 

0 

2 

 

1 

L 

min. 

 

2 

L 

1 

maqs. 

0 

 

. (3.34)

82 

(3.30) gantolebaSi Li CasmiT vRebulobT: 

d 

R 

U 

dt L 

sadac – nakadTgadabmuloba, vb. 

t , (3.35) 

Tu statikuri wonasworobis mdgomareobidan Ruza 

daZrulia manZiliT: 

x 

0 

F0 

, m, (3.36) 

2 

2 

2 c 

sadac – axasiaTebs sistemis rezonansul Tvisebebs, am 

2 

m 

SemTxvevisaTvis vibroamgznebi irxeva sixSiriT 2. 

kvlevebi gviCvenebs, rom denis Zala, amgznebi Zala da 

Ruzis gadaadgileba damokidebulia aseve vibroamgznebis 

momarTvaze, e.i. meqanikuri sistemis amgznebi Zalis sixSirisa da 

Tavisufali rxevis fardobaze. vibroamgznebis Ruzis 

gadaadgilebas gaaCnia mcire sididis amplitudebis mqone 

umaRlesi harmonikebi. unda aRiniSnos, rom eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgaris ZiriTad rezonansSi momarTvisas 

aqtiuri winaRobis gaTvaliswineba azrs kargavs [151, 155, 191].

83 

3.2. vibraciuli danadgari kuTxiT-rxevad 

Ruziani amgznebiT 

meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebisaTvis gankuTvnili 

eleqtromagnituri avzebi da vibrobunkerebi warmodgenili arian 

rigi uaryofiTi mxareebiT; kerZod, SezRudulia maTi 

amplitudis diapazoni sahaero RreCos mcire sididis gamo da 

rogorc Sedegi, xasiaTdebian arastabiluri muSaobiT 

rezonansis wina reJimSi. 

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo- 

sameurneo universitetis soflis meurneobis eleqtrifikaciis 

departamentSi damuSavda energodamzogi eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgari, romlis amgznebad gamoyenebulia 

kuTxiT–rxevad Ruziani vibratori /ixileT par. 2.4; nax. 2.5/ [30, 

36, 52, 55], romlis Ruzis kuTxuri rxevebi marjvniv da marcxniv 

ganapirobebs bunkeruli danadgaris aqtiuri nawilis 

(rezervuaris) xraxnul–rxeviT moZraobas. vibrodanadgari 

uzrunvelyofs rezonansis wina an rezonansul reJimSi 

stabiluri muSaobas, aviTarebs moZraobis did amplitudas, 

gaaCnia funqciuri SesaZleblobebis didi areali, maRali 

saeqspluatacio, energetikuli da ergonomiuli maCveneblebi. 

kuTxiT-rxevad Ruzian eleqtromagnitur vibroamgznebs 

gaaCnia cvladi denis ori A, B koWa erTnaeri xviaTa ricxviT. 

maTSi gaedineba sididiT toli da erTmaneTis mimarT 180 0 –iani 

kuTxiT daZruli denebi I I 2 , romlebic warmoqmnian 

I A B 

sawinaaRmdego momarTulebis mqone faziT daZrul mbrunav 

amgzneb momentebs M, rac ganpirobebulia polusebis ganivi da 

grZivi magnituri gamtareblobiT.

84 

vibrodanadgaris moZraobis diferencialuri gantoleba 

SeiZleba warmovadginoT gamosaxulebiT: 

j h 

c 

Msin 

t 

, (3.37) 

sadac j – inerciis momenti vibroamgznebis lilvis mimarT, kgm 2 ; 

h – sistemis blanti winaRobis eqvivalenturi koeficienti; 

c – drekadi elementebis sixiste, n/m; 

– iZulebiTi kuTxuri sixSire, wm -1 . 

Tu CavTvliT, rom vibraciuli danadgaris rxeviTi moZraoba 

damyarebul reJimSi harmoniulia, 

xolo 

sin t 

m 

 

, (3.38) 

M c 

 

, (3.39) 

m 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

 

2 2n 

 

 

 

2 

0 

0 

 

sadac m – iZulebiTi rxevis amplituda zeda da qveda 

0 

c 

j 

rgolebs an rezervuaris horizontis mimarT; 

– sistemis sakuTari kuTxuri sixSire, wm-1 ; 

h 

2n – milevis koeficienti; 

j 

2n 

arctg – fazaTa Zvris kuTxe mbrunav amgzneb moments M 

2 

 

2 

0 

da gadaadgilebas Soris, 

maSin vibrodanadgaris rezervuaris harmoniuli rxeva 

horizontis mimarT aRiwereba misi materialuri N wertilis 

moZraobiT Semdegi gamosaxulebiT: 

x R sin t 

, (3.40) 

y R cost 

, (3.41)

85 

sadac R – rezervuaris radiusia, m; 

b – wertilis gadaadgileba, m; 

x,y,z – koordinatTa sistemis RerZis xazebi. 

z bt . (3.42) 

gamosaxulebidan (3.67) Cans, rom rezervuaris N wertilis 

2 

proeqcia xoy sibrtyeze drois periodSi , wm, asaxavs 

 

garSemowerilobas R da RerZis z mimarT gadaadgildeba 

sididiT: 

2 

b , m wm , (3.43) 

 

romelic cilindruli rezervuaris (bunkeris) xraxnul bijs 

warmoadgens. 

rezervuaris N wertilis moZraobis kanonis misaRebad 

vTvliT, rom 

dx Rsin 

t 

, 

dy Rcos 

t 

, (3.44) 

dz bdt . 

N wertilis diferencialisaTvis gvaqvs: 

2 

2 

2 

dx dy dz 

tolobis integrirebiT miviRebT: 

sadac c – integrirebis midmivaa. 

d 

. (3.45) 

2 2 2 

R b t c 

(3.46) 

ukanaskneli gamosaxuleba asaxavs rezervuaris N wertilis 

rxeviT moZraobas t droSi.

86 

3.3. Rvinomasalebis dasamuSavebeli vibraciuli 

danadgarebis Tiristoruli marTva 

swrafad ganviTarebadi teqnikuri progresis amocanebi 

iTvaliswineben eleqtroteqnikur sistemaTa da manqana- 

danadgarebis muSaobis reJimebis regulirebisaTvis efeqturi da 

energodamzogi marTvis Tiristoruli sqemebis gamoyenebas [31, 

101, 168]. 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris Tiristoruli 

marTviT vamcirebT vibroamZravis gragnilSi gamavali denis 

impulsis xangrZlivobas, rac, Tavis mxriv, SesaZleblobas 

gvaZlevs denis mcire mniSvnelobebisaTvis miviRoT rxevis 

maqsimaluri amplituda. es imiT aixsneba, rom datvirTvis 

aqtiur-induqciuri xasiaTis mixedviT, rasac warmoadgens kidec 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgari, rxevis maqsimaluri 

amplitudis dros vibroamZravis gragnilSi denis gavlis 

xangrZlivoba qselis Zabvis naxevar periodze meti sididisaa. 

niSandoblivia, rom denis impulsis xangrZlivobis SemcirebiT 

mTeli energia mimarTuli iqneba mxolod vibrodanadgaris 

moZraobaSi mosayvanad. Sesabamisad, Tiristoruli sqemebiT 

marTvadi vibraciuli danadgari uzrunvelyofs SedarebiT maRal 

energetikul da saeqspluatacio maCveneblebs [29, 64, 69, 91, 150]. 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo universitetSi 

Seqmnili kuTxiT-rxevadi eleqtromagnituri vibroZrava /nax. 3.4/ 

Sedgeba korpusisagan (naxazze ar aris naCvenebi), statorisagan 1 

polusebiT 2, statoris induqciuri koWebisagan 3-1, 3-2, 

rotorisagan 7 polusebiT 8, lilvisa 5 da sogmanisagan 6, 

romelzec xistad damagrebulia Woki 9 drekadi elementebiT 10,

87 

Titistorebisagan VS1 da VS 2. vibroamgznebi muSaobs 

Semdegnairad: wredze Zabvis modebis Sedegad pirvel da mesame 

konturebSi Tiristoris VS1 meSveobiT gaivlis i1 deni, xolo 

meore da meoTxe konturebSi TiristoriT VS2 – i2 deni, rac 

sabolood iwvevs vibroZravas kuTxiT–rxeviT moZraobas. 

SemoTavazebuli vibroZravasaTvis damuSavebulia kvebis 

Tiristoruli sqema /nax. 3.5/. 

sadac, U U m sin t 

– wredze modebuli sinusoiduri Zabva, v; 

2 

U sin t 

– pirvel Stoze modebuli Zabva 0– Sua- 

1 

2 

U1 m 

ledSi, roca StoSi gadis I sint 

 

deni; 

i1 m 

2 

2 U sin t 

– meore Stoze modebuli Zabva 2 

 

2 

U 2 

m 

SualedSi, roca StoSi gadis 

i m 

 

2 I sin t deni. 

koWas induqciurobebi L ayovneben denis Zalis i1 zrdas 

Tiristoris VS1 gaRebamde kuTxiT ( ), sadac aris 

Tiristorze VS1 impulsis miwodebis kuTxe. gaRebis Semdeg U1-1 

Zabvis Semcirebisas induqtiuroba xels uSlis denis 

Semcirebas, romelic agrZelebs gavlas Sesabamis TiristorSi 

kuTxiT da Semdeg, rodesac Zabva gadava nulze da miaRwevs 

 

Soris pauzis xangrZlivoba Semcirdeba 

–s, gaiReba meore VS2 Tiristori, Sedegad, Tiristorebs 

kuTxiT. es 

ukanaskneli ki, Tavis mxriv, saxes ucvlis Tiristorebze 

modebul U1-1 da U2-2 Zabvebs da, Sesabamisad, maTi mrudebis 

formas:

i 

VS1 

VS2 

88 

nax. 3.4 

Rk1 

Rk2 

nax. 3.5 

LM1 

LM2 

U11 U2 2 

i1 

i2

89 

2U 

2 

1 

2 

U sin t 

dt 

1 1 

. (3.47) 

 

 

saidanac, Tiristorebze VS1, VS2 Zabvis moqmedi mniSvneloba 

ganisazRvreba gamosaxulebiT: 

2 

U U U 0, 

45U 

, v. 

1 

1 22 

 

TiristorSi datvirTvis deni iL gamtareblobis intervalSi 

calkeuli StosaTvis ganisazRvreba gardamavali reJimis 

analizidan ori – iZulebiTi da Tavisufali Semdgenis jamis 

saxiT [148, 182, 193]. 

kuTxiT: 

sadac 

kanoniT: 

radgan L1=L2=L (koWebi identuria), vRebulobT: 

i 

1LiZ 

i 

2LiZ 

 

r 

2 

k 

2U 

2 

L 

2 

k 

sin 

t ( ) 

 

. (3.48) 

denis iZulebiTi Semdgeni CamorCeba Sesabamis mkvebav Zabvas 

L 

r 

k – drois mudmiva. 

k 

L 

k arctg arctg 

, (3.49) 

r 

k 

denis Tavisufali Semdgeni ki mcirdeba eqsponencialuri 

i Tav 

Ae 

drois monakveTSi, rodesac t=0, 

 

t( 

) 

 

2U 

A sin 

2 2 2 

r L 

k 

k 

, (3.50) 

 

. (3.51) 

Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT (3.48) da (3.50) gamosaxulebebs, 

vibroZravas koWebSi gamavali denebisaTvis vRebulobT:

i 

1L 

 

i 

2L 

 

r 

2 

k 

2U 

2 2 

L 

k 

 

sin 

 

90 

t 

sin 

 

e 

 

t ( ) 

 

 

 

 

 

. (3.52) 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebis ganuStoebel nawilSi i n 

denis mrudi xdeba uwyveti da sinusoiduri, radgan am 

SemTxvevaSi: 

i i i . (3.53) 

1 

rodesac Tiristoris gaRebis kuTxeebi =0, zemoTqmulidan 

gamomdinareobs, rom moyvanili sqemiT muSaobis dros adgili 

eqneba Zabvis da denis mrudebis cvlilebas TiristoriT marTvis 

SemTxvevaSi /nax. 3.6/ [29, 31]. 

kuTxiT-rxevad vibroamgznebSi amgznebi Zalis mniSvneloba 

polusebs SigniT, SualedisTvis 

 

ganisazRvros gamosaxulebiT: 

2 

, SesaZlebelia 

2 

2 2 

S p 2 1 i 

2F i bd 

R sin 

, (3.64) 

k 0 2 

0 2 

2 

sadac Fk – kuTxiTrxevadi vibroamgznebis erTi magnituri 

xolo Zaluri momenti 

konturis mizidvis Zala, n, 

2 2 

i 

F 

R R b sin 

0 

 

M 2 

d R 

sadac 0 – sahaero RreCos magnituri SeRwevadoba, hn/m; 

S p – polusis ganivi kveTi, m 2 ; 

– sahaero RreCos sidide, m; 

W – gragnilis xviaTa ricxvi; 

R – Ruzis radiusi, m; 

b – statoris da rotoris saangariSo sigane, m; 

d – statoris da rotoris gadafarvis sigrZe, m; 

, nm. (3.65)

U 

VS1 

v 

VS2 

0 

 

U 

i 

 

91 

 

 

2 

 

nax. 3.6 

3 

t 

t 

t

92 

x=Rsin – statoris mimarT rotoris gadaadgilebis sidide, m; 

– Ruzis mobrunebis kuTxe, rad. ; 

– statoris da rotoris Sesabamis polusTa simetriis 

RerZebs Soris kuTxis sidide, rad. 

radgan kvebis sqema simetriulia i 1=i 2, kent SualedebSi unda 

Caisvas i 1L, xolo wyvil SualedebSi i 2–is mniSvneloba, amitom 

aseTi formiT gamosaxulebis Cawera samarTliania. 

vibraciuli amgznebis gragnilis xviaTa ricxvi 

gamoiTvleba formuliT: 

1 U 1 

W 

, (3.66) 

2 B 

b 

d R sin 

sadac U – wredze modebuli Zabvis moqmedi mniSvneloba, v; 

B – sahaero RreCoSi saangariSo dasaSvebi induqcia, tl. 

rodesac = =0, am SemTxvevaSi, ganivi amgznebi Zala da 

Sesabamisi momenti M gautoldeba nuls, xolo warmoqmnili 

magnituri induqcia B da magnituri nakadi gadalaxavs 

sahaero RreCos , Sedegad, statoris da rotoris polusebs 

Soris mizidva xorcieldeba gadaadilebis R sin gareSe. 

cxadia, rom koWebSi denis gavla gamoiwvevs ganivi amgznebi 

Zalis F da momentis M warmoqmnas. Sesabamisad, rxevebi iZens 

harmoniul xasiaTs, sanam vibroamgznebis wredze modebuli 

iqneba Zabva. 

aRniSnuli kvebis sqema gamoicada rogorc samrewvelo, 

aseve mkvebavi Zabvis sixSiris cvlilebiT da gamoavlina muSa 

unarianoba. 

cxadia, Teoriuli kvlevis dros ar SemovifarglebiT 

mxolod kuTxiT-rxevadi moZraobis vibroamgznebis marTvis 

analiziT.

93 

interess warmoadgens ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis 

erTtaqtiani eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis muSa 

reJimebis efeqturad marTvisaTvis SemuSavebuli Tiristoruli 

sqemebi [102, 167, 169, 193], romliTac varegulirebT Tiristoris 

gaRebis kuTxes da vibroamgznebTa koWaSi denis gavlis 

xangrZlivobas. 

warmodgenili sqemis saSualebiT /nax. 3.7/ dadginda mTeli 

rigi sidideebi eleqtruli parametrebisa, romelic naCvenebia 

eqsperimentul kvlevebSi. 

~ 220 v 

QF 

R1 

YA 

VD1 

nax. 3.7 

VS 

R2 

R3 

VD2 

sqema muSaobs Semdegnairad: CamrTvelis amoqmedebiT 

kondensatoris C firfitebze deni daiwyebs wanacvlebas, 

damuxtvis impulsi dinistoris VD2 saSualebiT gadaecema VS 

Tiristoris marTvis eleqtrods. am dros mimdinareobs 

C

94 

Tiristoris gadarTva mcire gamtarobidan maRali gamtarobis 

mdgomareobaSi. Sesabamisad, deni iwyebs gadinebas 

eleqtromagnituri vibroamZravis koWaSi LM. Zabvis regulireba 

Tiristoris marTvis eleqtrodze, rac SeiZleba ganimartos, 

rogorc denis gavlis moWris kuTxis regulireba, xorcieldeba 

cvladi rezistoriT R1. kondensatoris muxtis mileva iwvevs 

TiristorSi denis Semcirebas da mis Caketil mdgomareobaSi 

gadasvlas. am SemTxvevaSi deni Tiristors da koWas ar 

miewodeba. 

zemomoyvanili gamosaxulebebi samarTliania warmodgenili 

sqemis SemTxvevaSi. 

gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens danadgaris muSaobis 

mdgradobis gamokvleva, romelic gansazRvravs rxeviTi sistemis 

mgrZnobiarobas moqmedi gare da Sida winaaRmdegobebis 

cvlilebis mimarT, rasac ZiriTadad ganapirobebs qselSi Zabvis 

meryeoba. 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis amgznebTa 

Ruzis gadaadgilebis da rxevis amplitudis sidideTa aRricxva 

kvlevis srulyofisaTvis aucilebel garemoebad miiCneva. am 

sakiTxis teqnikuri uzrunvelyofisTvis, gamoyenebuli gvqonda 

potenciometruli gadamwodi, romelic uSualod iRebs ra 

signalebs vibraciuli danadgaris muSa organos mier 

Sesrulebuli meqanikuri moZraobisagan, axorcielebs maT 

gadacemas Sesabamis eleqtrogamzom xelsawyoebze Semdgomi 

registraciisa da analizisTvis. potenciometri irTveba 

ortaqtiani diferencialuri boguri sqemiT. misi mcocis 

neitralur mdgomareobaSi yofnisas Semavali winaRobebi nulis 

tolia, amitom mcocis mcire gadaxra gvaZlevs statikur

95 

xazobriv maxasiaTebels, romelic, Sesabamisad, damokidebulia 

datvirTvis xasiaTze. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac potenciometris 

mcocis faqtiuri gadaxra neitraluri mdgomareobidan mcire 

sididisaa, mis statikuri maxasiaTeblis xazobriobas waeyeneba 

maRali moTxovnebi da am dros potenciometri SeiZleba 

mierTebul iqnes eleqtronul maZlierebelTan [40, 44, 63]. 

Rvinisa da brendis warmoebis teqnologiuri procesebis 

amocanebidan gamomdinare, Rvinomasalebis dasamuSaveblad 

gamoyenebuli farTo speqtris eqspoziciaTa optimizaciisaTvis 

wayenebuli pirobebis uzrunvelsayofad, raSic, ZiriTadad, 

moiazreba siTxeze gadasacemi rogorc mcire, aseve didi 

zRvrebis mqone rxevebis sixSiris SerCeva, zemomoyvanili 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis sixSiriT marTva 

SesaZlebelia warmoebdes cnobili tranzistoruli avtorxeviTi 

multivibratoris saSualebiT, romlis impulsebi, sixSiruli 

regulirebis Semdgomi uzrunvelyofisaTvis, miewodeba 

vibroamgznebis mkvebav Tiristorebs [95, 102].

96 

3.4. vibrobunkerSi Rvinomasalebis vibrireba-aqtivizaciis 

kanonzomierebani 

Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis stimulirebis 

procesis warmarTvas mTlianad gansazRvravs eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgaris moZraobis xasiaTi [19, 65, 81, 120, 172]. 

dasamuSavebel masalaze moqmedi Zalebis gaTvaliswinebiT 

pirobiTad davyoT sistemis rxeviTi moZraobis mTliani periodi 

or naxevarperiodad /nax. 3.8a; 3.8b/: 

a) rodesac inerciis Zalis Semdgeni J 1 mimarTulia zeviT – 

 

0 t 1 ; 

 

b) rodesac inerciis Zalis Semdgeni J 2 mimarTulia qveviT – 

2 

t ; 

2 

 

pirveli naxevarperiodis ganmavlobaSi inerciis Zalis 

Semdgeni J cdilobs mierTebuli masis marjvniv mobrunebas, 

1 

rasac xels uwyobs Zalis Semdgeni J , romelic amcirebs blanti 

2 

xaxunis da normaluri reaqciis Zalebs. meore naxevarperiodSi 

Semdgeni J iwvevs masis mobrunebas sawinaaRmdgego 

1 

mimarTulebiT, rasac ewinaaRmdegeba J 2 – igi am SemTxvevaSi 

zrdis blanti xaxunis da normaluri reaqciis Zalebs. 

CavTvaloT, rom eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris 

aqtiuri masis rxeviTi moZraoba sruldeba erTdroulad 

vertikalur da horizontalur sibrtyeSi. am dros rxevebs 

Soris fazaTa Zvris kuTxe =0 da vertikaluri A da 

horizontaluri B rxevaTa amplitudis Tanafardobidan 

gamomdinare icvleba mimarTuli rxevebis – vibraciis kuTxe .

Fx 

 

J1 

97 

N 

G 

nax. 3.8 a. 

N 

G 

nax. 3.8 b. 

J1 

 

Fx 

B sin t

98 

Tu ganvixilavT, xoy sibrtyeze, masalis vibrirebul 

zedapirze moZraobas, diferencialur gantolebas eqneba Semdegi 

saxe: 

sadac m – masalis masa, kg; 

2 

mx 

mB 

sin t 

Fx 

2 

my 

mA 

sin t 

mg N 

 

 

 

(3.67) 

A da B – Sesabamisad vertikaluri da horizontaluri rxevebis 

amplituda, m; 

– sibrtyis kuTxuri rxevebis sixSire, wm -1 ; 

g – Tavisufali vardnis aCqareba, 

N – normaluri reaqciis Zala, 

2 

m wm ; 

2 

kg m wm ; 

F x – masalis moZraobis winaaRmdegobis Zala, n. 

vibraciaSi moyvanil zedapirze dasamuSavebeli masalis 

moZraobisas (y=0) 

 

N, 

rodesac x 

0; 

Fx 

 

(3.68 ) 

N, 

rodesac x 

0, 

sadac – srialis xaxunis koeficienti. 

normaluri reaqciis Zala muSa organos zedapiris zeviT 

moZraobis dros: 

xolo zedapiris qveviT moZraobisas: 

2 

N mg mA 

sin t 

, (3.69) 

2 

N mg mA 

sin t 

. (3.70) 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarisTvis mizanSewonilia 

masalis moZraobis iseTi uwyveti reJimi, romelic iTvaliswinebs 

nivTierebis gansazRvruli mimarTulebiT gadaadgilebis 

uzrunvelyofas. 

am SemTxvevisaTvis:

99 

A 

1; 

g 

N 0 . 

unda aRiniSnos, rom mTliani periodis dros jamuri 

Zalebis moqmedebis Sedegad warmoqmnili inerciis Zala, 

faqtiurad, gansazRvravs vibrobunkerSi moTavsebuli masalis 

moZraobis xasiaTs, romelic damyarebul reJimSi xorcieldeba 

kanoniT: 

t x vt , (3.71) 

sadac v – siTxis moZraobis saSualo siCqare, m/wm; 

t – perioduli funqcia T 2 

periodiT. 

cxadia, rom eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris 

rezervuarSi siTxis vibrireba–aqtivizaciis procesi emyareba 

rTul fizikur-qimiur movlenebs, gamowveuli sxvadasxva saxis 

Zalebis arsebobiT, da saWiroebs maTematikur analizs [1, 105, 

192]. 

siTxis wveTebis moZraobis traeqtoriis xasiaTs 

horizontalur da vertikalur sibrtyeebSi ZiriTadad 

gansazRvravs wveTebze moqmedi sxvadasxva sididis dinamikuri 

Zalebi, kerZod, inerciis Zala – 

siTxis winaRobis Zala – f v 

R . 

sadac vk – wveTis siCqare, m/wm; 

mk – masa, kg. 

k 

dv k J m , simZimis Zala – mkg, 

k 

dt 

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT yvela am Zalas, SesaZlebelia 

daiweros siTxis wveTis moZraobis zogadi gantoleba: 

dv 

dt 

k m k 

k 

R m g . (3.72) 

siTxis winaRobis Zala gamoisaxeba Semdegnairad:

100 

sadac Cx – winaRobis koeficientia; 

n – siTxis simkvrive, 

Fk – wveTis ganivkveTi, m. 

2 

u k 

R C F , (3.73) 

x n k 

2 

3 

kg m ; 

(3.2) gantolebis (3.1)-Si CasmiT miviRebT: 

dv 

dt 

2 

u k 

C F m g . (3.74) 

x n k 

2 

k m k 

k 

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom m k k 

u k , sadac uk - wveTis 

 

moculobaa da uk= 

6 

d 

6 

3 

k k 

d 3 

k 

sidideze, miviRebT: 

, da gantolebis (3.3) yvela wevrs gavyofT 

dv 

dt 

2 

3 u n k 

C g 

(3.75) 

x 

4 d 

k 

k 

mocemul gantolebaSi C siTxis wveTis siCqaris funqciaa, 

x 

romelic Semdegnairad SeiZleba gamovsaxoT: 

sadac Rl – reinoldis ricxvi, 

l 

l 

k 

24 4 

C , (3.76) 

x 

R 3 R 

d u k k R l ; 

 

– siTxis kinematikuri siblante. 

(3.75) da (3.76) gantolebebis gaTvaliswinebiT vRebulobT: 

dt 

3 24 4 n 

u k g 

4 

 

R 3 

l R 

. (3.77) 

 

l k 

dv k 2 

 

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu siTxis wveTis moZraobas ganvixilavT 

horizontalur da vertikalur sibrtyeebSi, maSin ukanaskneli 

gantoleba SeiZleba Caiweros koordinatuli formiT:

sadac, 

2 

d x 

2 

dt 

3 

 

24 

 

4 

R l 

2 

d y 3 

 

24 

2 

dt 4 

R l 

 

101 

 

3 

4 

 

n 

dx 2 

 

u , k 

3 R dt 

l k 

 

 

4 

n dy 2 

 

 

u k g 

R dt 

l k 

2 

2 

dx dy 

u k 

dt dt 

. 

, (3.78) 

Tu (3.78) gantolebaSi SevitanT 1 R , n da ricxviT 

k 

mniSvnelobebs, maSin gantoleba miiRebs saboloo formas: 

 

 

 

2 

d x 352 4 932 dx 

 

u , 

2 

k 

dt 

 

d u 

dk dt 

k k 3 d ku 

k 

 

 

14. 

7 

 

. (3.79) 

 

 

 

2 

d y 352 4 932 dy 

 

u g 

2 

k 

dt d u d u dk dt 

k k 3 k k 

 

 

14. 

7 

 

gantolebaTa sistema saSualebas gvaZlevs ganvsazRvroT 

siTxis wveTebis moZraobis xasiaTi. Tumca, aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom 

wveTis moZraobis traeqtoria, gare winaaRmdegobebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, ZiriTadad damokidebulia siTxis wveTis 

geometriul zomebze.

102 

Tavi IV. Rvinomasalebis warmoebis teqnologia 

da eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 


muSaobis reJimebis eqsperimentuli kvleva 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis energetikuli 

maCveneblebis, pirvel rigSi ki, m.q.k.-s amaRlebis problema 

warmoadgens erT-erT ZiriTads amgvari amgznebiT aRWurvili 

manqanebis damuSavebis dros. m.q.k. cnebis gansazRvrisas dadebiT 

efeqtad miiReba is muSaoba, romelsac asruleben 

eleqtromagnituri Zalebi amgznebis Ruzis erTi mdgomareobidan 

meoreSi gadaadgilebisas. aseTi gadaadgilebisas manqanaSi 

sruldeba ara marto sasargeblo muSaoba, aramed muSaoba 

xaxunis Zalis daZlevazec, romelic warmoadgens gare meqanikuri 

Zalebis muSaobas da energiis gardaqmnis TvalsazrisiT 

vibraciuli danadgarebisaTvis dadebiT efeqts warmoadgens. 

radgan eleqtromagnituri vibroamZravi cikluri moqmedebis 

sistemad miiCneva, romlebSic moZraobis siCqare erTi periodis 

ganmavlobaSi icvlebi 0-dan maqsimumamde orive, pirdapiri da 

uku mimarTulebiT, arsebuli sasargeblo muSaoba da 

danakargebi mizanSewonilia SevadaroT erT taqtSi, e.i. denis 

impulsis moqmedebis dros T, warmoqmnili Sesabamisi energiis 

raodenobas. maSin, wrfivi magnituri sistemebisaTvis Ruzis 

usasrulod mcire gadaadgilebisaTvis gvaqvs [127, 136] 

dW 

da am gamosaxulebis integrebiT vRebulobT 

meq 

 

1 

i 

2 

2 

dL, 

vt, (4.1)

W 

meq 

T 

1 

i 

2 

0 

2 

103 

dL 

d 

d 

dt 

t dt 

, vt, (4.2) 

saidanac gamomdinareobs, rom muSaoba damokidebulia denis 

impulsis i ( t) 

formaze, vibroamgznebis statikuri maxasiaTeblis 

L( ) formasa da Ruzis moZraobis kanonze ( t) 

. 

vibrodanadgaris aqtiuri nawilis moZraobis erTi 

taqtisaTvis moxmarebuli energia SeiZleba warmodgenil iqnes 

rogorc eleqtromagnituri Zalebis muSaoba da energetikuli 

danakargebis jami, romlebSic ZiriTadia danakargebi statoris 

gragnilis spilenZSi Q da magnitogamtaris foladSi Q . maSin 

Cu 

Fe 

m.q.k. gamosaxuleba miiRebs Semdeg saxes [137]: 

W 

 

meq 

W 

Q 

meq 

Cu 

Q 

Fe 

. (4.3) 

cxadia, rom eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris 

saerTo m.q.k. gaangariSebaSi sasargeblo muSaoba unda miekuTvnos 

energetikul danakargebs, rogorc disipatiuri Zalebis muSaoba. 

Cvens mier Catarebuli mravali samecniero naSromis 

analizi gvidasturebs, rom sasoflo-sameurneo teqnikis 

kvlevebis Catarebisas xSirad saZiebelia rogorc teqnologiuri 

procesebis, aseve eqsperimentuli danadgarebisa da 

mowyobilobebis muSaobis optimaluri reJimebi an raime 

procesis mimdinareobis kanonzomiereba energetikuli 

maCveneblebis TvalsazrisiT. orive SemTxvevaSi unda vmarToT 

eqsperimentebi procesis meqanizmis arasruli codnis pirobebSi, 

rac Tavis mxriv emsgavseba rTul, mravalfaqtorian amocanebs 

[13]. 

upirveles yovlisa aRvniSnavT, rom eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli amgznebebis proeqtirebisas principuli mniSvneloba

104 

eniWeba magnitogamtaris formasa da tips. Sesabamisad, kvlevis 

meTodikisa da dasaxuli amocanebidan gamomdinare, 

zemoaRniSnuli amgznebebisaTvis, romlebic erTmaneTisgan 

gansxvavdebian mxolod sahaero RreCoTi da formiT, vawarmoeT 

rigi eqsperimentuli kvlevebisa paralelur reJimSi, maTi muSa 

maxasiaTeblebis dadgenisa da dazustebis mizniT. 

eqsperimentuli kvlevebisas vibrodanadgarTa kveba 

xorcieldeboda cvladi denis sixSiris qselidan f 50 hc 

marTvis Tiristiruli sqemis saSualebiT /ix. nax. 3.7/. 

mimdinare procesebis kanonzomierebis amsaxveli mrudebis 

asagebad (faqtoris cvalebadobis dasaSveb zRvrebSi), aviReT, 

rogorc wesi, ara naklebi xuTi eqsperimentuli wertilisa – am 

konkretul SemTxvevebSi Svidi wertili, e.i. yoveli faqtoris 

Seswavla, rogorc wesi, unda momxdariyo Svid doneze. 

ramdenadac, mravalfaqtoriani eqsperimentebis dros 

eqsperimentebis raodenoba imdenad didia, rom misi realizacia 

faqtiurad SeuZlebelia, Catarebul iqna mxolod cdebis mcire 

nawili, vcvaleT ra konkretuli faqtorebi cal-calke danarCeni 

sxva faqtorebis mudmivobis pirobebSi. aqedan gamomdinare, 

saWiro sizustiT SerCeul iqna eqsperimentuli cdebis 

mimarTuleba optimumis aris misaRwevad, anu optimumis aris 

aproqsimacia. 

Sedegad, eqsperimentulma mrudebma miRes mcired 

gansxvavebuli saxe cdis anaTvlebiTa da sasurveli eleqtro- 

meqanikuri parametrebis angariSiT miRebul sidideebTan 

SedarebiT. 

sakvlevi eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarisaTvis 

aviTvaleT da gaviangariSeT amgznebis eleqtrokvebisa da

105 

marTvis sqemis Sesasvlelze ( a1 

) da mis gamosavalze a ) 

aRricxuli eleqtruli sidideebi – qselidan moTxovnili denis 

Zalebi I1, I2, simZlavreebi ( P ; 1, 

2 Q ; 1, 

2 S ), m.q.k. 1, 

2 , simZlavris 

koeficienti cos sxvadasxva ZabviT kvebisas /cxrili 4.1; 4.2/. 

1, 

2 

rac Seexeba meqanikuri sidideebis gazomvas, igi warmoebda wevis 

Zalebis F, Ruzis rxevis sixSireebis – vibrosiCqaris V da 

vibrogadaadgilebis x parametrebis droSi cvlilebiT 

sxvadasxva saxis datvirTvis reJimSi; vibrogadaadgilebis da, 

Sesabamisad, siCqaris cvlileba ganxorcielda amgznebis marTvis 

sqemaSi CarTuli cvladi rezistoris meSveobiT, kerZod, R 0,60; 

0,30; 0,15 komis pirobebSi. 

Sesabamisad, miuxedavad faqtorTa cvlilebisa, agebuli iqna 

ZiriTadi muSa maxasiaTeblebi. kerZod, dadginda, rom rezonansis 

siaxlovis reJimSi vibraciuli danadgaris muSaobisas 

gacilebiT ukeTesi energetikuli da eleqtro-meqanikuri 

parametrebi miiRweva vibroamgznebis marTvis sqemis cvladi 

rezistoris R 0,30 

komi momarTviT, vidre rodesac R 0,15 

komi. 

am dros, danadgaris mier qselidan moTxovnili simZlavre 

P1 125vt, 

simZlavris koeficienti cos 0, 

74, 

mniSvnelovnad 

izrdeba m.q.k. 0, 

93 da amgznebi Zalva F 665n, 

xolo 

vibrogadaadgileba x 1, 

73 mm /nax. 4.1; 4.2; 4.3; 4.4; 4.5/. 

metad mniSvnelovani iyo sixSirebuli maxasiaTeblebis 

gaanalizeba, rac naTlad cxadyofda axali tipis 

magnitogamtaris damuSavebis mizanSewonilobas. 

nax. 4.6-ze moyvanilia Ш da П-seburi erTtaqtiani 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli amgznebebis Ruzis gadaadgilebis 

amplitudis x da amgznebi Zalvis (wevis Zalis) F 

damokidebulebebi iZulebiTi da sakuTaris rxevis sixSireTa 

( 2

# 

106 

cxrili 4.1. eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 

gazomili sidideebi 

R m U1 I1 P1 U2 I2 P2 x V f 

komi kg v a vt v a vt m·10 -3 mm/wm hc 

1 R=0,6 8,5 68 0,11 6,7 60 0,06 3,1 0,38 8 50 

2 _~_ _~_ 95 0,16 12,9 90 0,15 11,5 0,56 12 _~_ 

3 _~_ _~_ 125 0,21 21,6 120 0,20 19,7 0,75 17 _~_ 

4 _~_ _~_ 157 0,26 32,9 150 0,25 29,3 0,92 20 _~_ 

5 _~_ _~_ 185 0,31 44,5 180 0,30 40,5 1,27 28 _~_ 

6 _~_ _~_ 207 0,35 54,3 200 0,33 48,7 1,43 32 _~_ 

7 _~_ _~_ 228 0,38 63,2 220 0,37 57,3 1,68 37 _~_ 

1 R=0,3 8,5 67 0,22 13,3 60 0,20 10,6 0,45 10 50 

2 _~_ _~_ 96 0,32 26,7 90 0,30 25,7 0,62 14 _~_ 

3 _~_ _~_ 125 0,42 44,3 120 0,40 40,3 0,84 19 _~_ 

4 _~_ _~_ 156 0,52 66,5 150 0,50 60,0 1,02 23 _~_ 

5 _~_ _~_ 186 0,62 91,1 180 0,60 84,2 1,35 30 _~_ 

6 _~_ _~_ 210 0,70 113,2 200 0,67 100,0 1,56 35 _~_ 

7 _~_ _~_ 225 0,75 124,9 220 0,73 116,2 1,73 38 _~_ 

1 R=0,15 8,5 68 0,45 26,2 60 0,40 20,2 0,49 11 50 

2 _~_ _~_ 96 0,64 51,0 90 0,60 43,7 0,67 15 _~_ 

3 _~_ _~_ 126 0,84 85,7 120 0,80 76,8 0,91 20 _~_ 

4 _~_ _~_ 157 1,05 129,8 150 1,00 115,5 1,12 25 _~_ 

5 _~_ _~_ 184 1,23 169,3 180 1,20 159,8 1,48 33 _~_ 

6 _~_ _~_ 205 1,37 204,5 200 1,33 192,0 1,65 37 _~_ 

7 _~_ _~_ 226 1,51 241,8 220 1,47 229,1 1,92 43 _~_

# 

107 

cxrili 4.2. eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 

gazomili angariSi 

R m S1 Q1 cosφ1 S2 Q2 cosφ2 η F 

komi kg va var - va var - % n 

1 R=0,6 8,5 7,5 3,4 0,89 3,6 1,8 0,87 47,0 32 

2 _~_ _~_ 15,0 7,7 0,86 13,5 7,1 0,85 88,7 70 

3 _~_ _~_ 26,0 14,5 0,83 24,0 13,7 0,82 91,0 125 

4 _~_ _~_ 41,1 24,6 0,80 37,5 23,5 0,78 89,0 188 

5 _~_ _~_ 57,0 35,7 0,78 54,0 35,7 0,75 91,0 358 

6 _~_ _~_ 71,4 46,4 0,76 66,7 45,6 0,73 89,7 454 

7 _~_ _~_ 86,6 59,2 0,73 80,7 56,8 0,71 90,6 627 

1 R=0,3 8,5 15,0 6,8 0,89 12,0 5,7 0,88 79,3 45 

2 _~_ _~_ 30,7 15,1 0,87 27,0 8,4 0,95 96,0 85 

3 _~_ _~_ 52,1 27,4 0,85 48,0 26,0 0,84 91,1 157 

4 _~_ _~_ 81,1 46,4 0,82 75,0 45,0 0,80 90,2 231 

5 _~_ _~_ 115,3 70,7 0,79 108,0 67,6 0,78 92,5 405 

6 _~_ _~_ 147,0 93,8 0,77 133,3 88,2 0,75 88,3 541 

7 _~_ _~_ 168,8 113,5 0,74 161,3 112,0 0,72 93,0 665 

1 R=0,15 8,5 30,8 16,2 0,85 24,0 13,0 0,84 76,9 53 

2 _~_ _~_ 61,4 34,3 0,83 54,0 31,7 0,81 94,6 100 

3 _~_ _~_ 105,8 62,1 0,81 96,0 57,6 0,80 89,6 184 

4 _~_ _~_ 164,3 100,7 0,79 150,0 95,7 0,77 89,0 279 

5 _~_ _~_ 225,7 149,3 0,75 216,0 145,3 0,74 93,7 487 

6 _~_ _~_ 280,2 191,5 0,73 266,7 185,1 0,72 93,9 605 

7 _~_ _~_ 340,5 239,8 0,71 322,7 227,2 0,71 94,8 819

cos F 

 

I 

cos f 

1 

f 

U 1 

rodesac R=0,60 komi. 

U 

1 

108 

nax. 4.1 

I f U I f 

U 

1 

1 

2 

1 

F fU1 

 

, 

U 1

cos F n 

 

0.9 

0.6 

0.3 

800 

600 

400 

200 

I 

0.8 

0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

a 

cos f 

1 

f 

U 1 


U 

1 

109 

0 100 200 

nax. 4.2 

I f U I2 f 

U1 

1 

1 

F f 

U1 

U1, v

cos F n 

 

0.9 

0.6 

0.3 

900 

600 

300 

I 

1.6 

1.2 

0.8 

0.4 


a 

cos f 

1 

f 

U 1 

U 

1 

110 

0 100 200 

nax. 4.3 

I f U I f 

U 

1 

1 

2 

1 

F fU 

1 

U , 1 v

3 x 10 m F n 

 

 

2.0 

1.6 

1.2 

0.8 

0.4 

1000 

800 

600 

400 

200 

111 

R 0. 

15 

R 0. 

30 

R 0. 

60 

0 100 200 

nax. 4.4 

x f 

U2 

F fU2 

 

R 0. 

60 

R 0. 

30 

R 0. 

15 

U2, v

0,9 

0,6 

0,3 

S 

400 

300 

200 

100 

va 

Pvt 

200 

150 

100 

50 

 

112 

0 100 200 

R 0. 

60 

f( U2 

) 

P f 

R 0. 30 R 0. 

15 

nax. 4.5 

2 

2 

f S 

P f 

2 

2 

U 

2 

U 

f S 

P f 

2 

f S 

2 

2 

komi 

U 

2 

U 

2 

U 

2 

U 

2 

U2, v

113 

fardobasTan . amgznebebis eleqtruli kveba xorcildeboda 

0 

mcire sididis sinusoidaluri ucvleli Zabvis pirobebSi 

U const 40v, 

sistemaTa sakuTaris rxevis sixSire var , xolo 

iZulebiTi – const /cxrili 4.3; 4.4/. 

sakvlevi ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis erTtaqtiani 

vibraciuli danadgarebi meqanikurad gawyobili iyo ise, rom Ш 

da П -seburi amgznebebis Ruzasa da stators Soris arsebuli 

sahaero RreCoebis sidide 3, 

0 mm, xolo 0, 

5mm. 

0Ш 

maxasiaTeblebis F f da x f 

0 

0 П 

0 

0 

Sedarebisas 

dadginda, rom irive formis amgznebebisaTvis sixSiruli 

mrudeebi tipiuri xasiaTisaa, kerZod, danadgaris rezonansamdel 

reJimSi muSaobisas izrdeba RuzaTa rxevis amplituda x , 

amgznebi Zalva F da qselidan moTxovnili denis Zalis 

mniSvneloba. Tumca, eleqtromeqanikuri rezonansis dros, 

rodesac Ruzis gadaadgileba ganagrZobs svlas absoluturi 

mniSvnelobisaken x Ш 2,92 mm (rezonansis siaxloves), x П 3, 

58 mm, 

danadgaris mier qselidan moTxovnili energia Semcirebulia. 

kerZod, Ш-seburi amgznebiani vibrodanadgarisaTvis mkveTrad 

mcirdeba amgznebi Zalva FШ 80 n da adgili aqvs muSaobis 

aramdgrad reJims, rac gamowveulia Ruzisa da statoris 

SejaxebebiT. am dros, axali tipis magnitogamtarSi, amgznebi 

Zalva aviTarebs gacilebiT met sidides FП 180 n, Sedegad, 

izrdeba danadgaris m.q.k. da SenarCunebulia danadgaris 

funqciuri SesaZleblobebi. 

es, rogorc dazustda, gamomdinareobs magnitogamtarTa 

formisgan, ramdenadac, axali tipis П-sebur amgznebSi, romlis 

Ruza, moZraobs ra satatoris Reroebis polusebs Soris,

114 

uzrunvelyofilia drois nebismier momentSi mudmivi sahaero 

RreCos SenarCuneba, xolo aRZruli mizidvis Zalebi 

damokidebulia rogorc aRniSnuli RreCoebis sidideze, ise misi 

polusebis gadafarvis aqtiuri farTis cvlilebaze, riTac 

miiRweva Ruzis rxevebis amplitudis maqsimaluri sidide da 

meqanikur rezonansSi muSaobisas, gansxvavebiT Ш-seburi 

amgznebisagan, Ruzis gadadgileba ar iwvevs statoris 

polusebTan Sejaxebas. aseve, Semcirebulia fantvis nakadebi. 

Sedegad, am tipis amgznebiT aRWurvili eleqtromagnituri 

vibrodanadgarisaTvis mkveTrad gaumjobesebulia energetikuli 

da saeqspluatacio maCveneblebi. 

eqsperimentuli kvlevis meTodika aseve iTvaliswinebda 

vibroamgznebTa sahaero RreCoSi magnituri induqciis 

gansazRvras f b B , romelic Ш-seburi amgznebisaTvis 

warmoebda statikaSi, xolo П-seburisaTvis – dinamikaSi, 

RreCoebis mTeli sibrtyis gaswvriv, sadac b – magnitogamtaris 

siganea, mm. miuxedavad reJimTa sxvadasxvaobisa, sahaero RreCoSi 

induqciis ganawilebis mrudeebis forma identuria, gansxvavdeba 

mxolod maqsimaluri mniSvnelobiT /nax. 4.7/. dadginda, rom 

magnituri induqcia da, Sesabamisad, magnituri nakadi gacilebiT 

maRalia П-sebur magnitogamtarSi, rasac ganapirobebs Ruzisa da 

statoris polusebis gadafarvis aqtiuri farTis S cvlileba. 

Semowmda vibroamgznebis koWas gragnilebis izolacia 

gaxurebaze danadgaris oTx saaTiani datvirTviT muSaobis dros. 

koWis damyarebulma temperaturam zafxulis yvelaze cxel TveSi 

Seadgina 42 C 

0 

, xolo muSa temperaturaze izolaciis 

winaRobam – r 0, 

25 momi. gamocdiT miRebuli Sedegebi 

iz 

akmayofilebs standartebs [18, 104].

115 

cxrili 4.3. sabaziso vibroamgznebis (Ш-seburi magnitogamtari) 

# 

eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 

R U2 I2 F x cosφ2 B / 

komi v a n m·10 -3 - tl - 

1 R=0,3 40 1,42 120 0,78 0,28 0,01 0,84 

2 _~_ 40 1,36 116 0,79 0,26 0,06 0,88 

3 _~_ 40 1,26 118 0,82 0,25 0,20 0,92 

4 _~_ 40 1,19 172 1,22 0,24 0,45 0,958 

5 _~_ 40 0,92 240 2,43 0,38 0,48 0,988 

6 _~_ _~_ 0,84 80 2,92 0,39 0,48 1,0 

7 _~_ _~_ 0,93 220 2,74 0,30 0,48 1,02 

8 _~_ _~_ 1,15 155 1,92 0,26 0,45 1,04 

9 _~_ _~_ 1,17 120 1,30 0,21 0,20 1,06 

10 _~_ _~_ 1,08 86 0,80 0,19 0,06 1,10 

11 _~_ _~_ 1,04 76 0,62 0,18 0,02 1,12 

12 _~_ _~_ 1,0 65 0,42 0,17 0,01 1,15

# 

116 

cxrili 4.4. axali vibroamgznebis (П-seburi magnitogamtari) 

eqsperimentuli kvlevis Sedegebi 

R U2 I2 F x cosφ2 B / 

komi v a n m·10 -3 - tl - 

1 R=0,3 40 1,73 170 1,35 0,37 0,04 0,84 

2 _~_ 40 1,67 162 1,38 0,35 0,08 0,88 

3 _~_ 40 1,57 172 1,41 0,34 0,32 0,92 

4 _~_ 40 1,50 238 1,83 0,33 0,72 0,958 

5 _~_ 40 1,23 332 3,0 0,47 0,72 0,988 

6 _~_ _~_ 1,15 180 3,58 0,48 0,72 1,0 

7 _~_ _~_ 1,24 308 3,38 0,39 0,72 1,02 

8 _~_ _~_ 1,46 217 2,56 0,35 0,72 1,04 

9 _~_ _~_ 1,48 170 1,87 0,30 0,32 1,06 

10 _~_ _~_ 1,39 124 1,37 0,28 0,08 1,10 

11 _~_ _~_ 1,35 116 1,21 0,27 0,04 1,12 

12 _~_ _~_ 1,31 92 0,98 0,26 0,02 1,15

F 

3 

10 m 

x 

ш 

 

F f 

п 

0 

 

x f 

0 

117 

nax. 4.6 

 

x f 

п 

ш 

0 

 

F f 

0 

 

0

B tl 

B п 

f 

b 

118 

nax. 4.7 

B f ш 

b b,

119 

4.2. Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis alternatiuli 

teqnologia da kvlevebis analizi 

Rvinomasalebis warmoebis teqnologia iTvaliswinebs Rvinis 

da sabrende spirtebis mravalwlian daZvelebas. es xangrZlivi 

procesi dakavSirebulia did danakargebTan - aorTqleba, 

TviTRirebulebis gazrda da a.S., rac mwarmoebeli 

kompaniebisaTvis sakmaod araxelsayrel faqtors warmoadgens. 

cxadia, daZvelebis xangrZlivi procesis Semcireba minimumamde 

daiyvanda danakargebs da stimuls miscemda mewarmes 

konkurentunariani maRali xarisxis produqciis sawarmoeblad. 

sazRvargareT SemuSavebulia rigi alternatiuli 

meTodebisa, romlebic SesaZleblobas gvaZleven miviRoT 

bunebrivad daZvelebuli Rvinisa da sabrende spirtebis 

tolfasi masalebi sakmaod SemWidroebul vadebSi. erT-erTi 

jgufi meTodebisa iTvaliswinebs Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis 

procesebis daCqarebas eleqtrofizikuri agentebis (bgeriTi 

rxevebi, ultrabgerebi, -gamosxiveba, eleqtromagnituri veli, 

maRali sixSiris deni da sxva) gamoyenebiT [25]. 

spirtian sasmelebze bgeriTi rxevebis zemoqmedeba iwvevs 

siTxis Semadgeneli nawilakebis dispersias an maT SekavSirebas 

gacilebiT ufro msxvili nawilakebis warmosaqmnelad, rac sxva 

faqtorebTan erTad damokidebulia maTive bunebaze. rxevebiT 

gamowveuli mastimulirebeli zemoqmedeba agreTve 

dakavSirebulia kavitaciasTan, rac iwvevs qimiur da fizikur 

cvlilebebs sabrende spirtis mikrostruqturaSi. aRniSnuli 

meTodiT daZvelebuli sabrende spirti Tavisi organoleptikuri 

maCveneblebiT da xarisxiT maRla dgas bunebrivTan SedarebiT.

120 

amave dros sagrZnoblad mcirdeba daZvelebis xangrZlivoba 

[98]. 

ultrabgerebiT damuSavebul RvinomasalebSi SeiniSneba 

orgvari efeqti: pirvel rigSi damuSavebisTanave umjobesdeba 

buketis Semadgenel komponentTa SeTanawyoba, meore mxriv ki 

efeqti ramodenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi iCens Tavs; izrdeba 

organuli mJavebis, eTerebis, aldehidebis raodenoba da 

mcirdeba umaRlesi alkoholebis Semcveloba. dadgenilia, rom 

energiis erTi nawili siTbod gardaiqmneba, danarCeni ki inaxeba 

siTxeSi da ixarjeba molekulebis da ionebis energiis donis 

asamaRleblad, rac damuSavebisTanave cvlis Rvinomasalebis 

organoleptikur maCveneblebs, xolo Semdgom periodSi aCqarebs 

daZvelebis teqnologiur process. 

Seswavlilia sxvadasxva tipis Rvinoebze -sxivebis 

zemoqmedebis Sedegi. am dros icvleba Rvinis Seferva da 

warmoiqmneba maWaris toni. Tumca didi dozebiT damuSavebisas 

irRveva qimiuri kompleqsi da gemoze SeiniSneba disharmonia. 

stimulirebidan 2-3 Tvis Semdeg umjobesdeba masalaTa 

organoleptikuri maCveneblebi da iZens sasiamovno aromats. - 

sxivebiT muSavdeba muxis tkeCebi da sabrende spirti rogorc 

cal-calke, aseve erTad. zemoqmedebis Sedegad izrdeba muxis 

tkeCebidan wyalSi da spirtSi xsnadi komponentebis raodenoba. 

axalgamoxdili da xuTwliani sabrende spirtis eleqtruli 

veliT damuSavebis Semdeg sacdel nimuSebSi SeimCneva mqrolavi 

mJavebis, saerTo da mJave eTerebis, aldehidebis da acetalebis 

raodenobaTa zrda [99, 110]. 

Rvinomasalebisa da sabrende spirtebis vibraciuli 

damuSavebis efeqtianoba damokidebulia im rTuli procesebis

121 

safuZvlian codnaze, romlebic mimdinareoben Rvinis warmoebis 

procesSi (Rvinomasalebis bunebrivi daZvelebis dros) – 

eleqtrofizikuri zemoqmedebiT fizikur-qimiuri reaqciebis 

daCqareba da maRalxarisxovani sabrende spirtebisa da Rvinoebis 

warmoeba nakleb droSi, minimaluri danaxarjebiT; amasTan, 

daZvelebis xangrZlivi drois Semcireba da durdoze duRilis 

rTuli procesis gamartiveba, Tvisobrivad da xarisxobrivad 

axali stilis wiTeli naxevradtkbili da naxevradmSrali 

Rvinoebisa da mSrali primeri tipis Rvinoebis warmoeba, ar 

arRvevs produqtis komponentTa harmoniul Tanawyobas. 

Catarebuli kvlevebi efuZneboda vibraciuli rxevebiT 

fenoluri naerTebis eqstraqciis srulyofas yurZnis kanidan 

tkbilSi – sufris TeTri da wiTeli RvinoebisaTvis, xolo 

muxis tkeCidan spirtebSi – axalgazrda sabrende spirtebisaTvis, 

raTa dagvedgina Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis daCqarebis 

kanonzomierebis arsi. 

amasTanave, interess warmoadgenda mravalfaqtoriani 

amocana, rac gamoixateboda daZvelebis procesze vibraciuli 

rxevebis sxvadasxva xangrZlivobis eqspoziciaTa zemoqmedebis 

Seswavlasa da sasurveli optimaluri variantis dadgenaSi.

122 

4.2.1. sabrende spirtebis warmoebis ZiriTadi wesebi 

brends uwodeben magar alkoholur sasmels, specifikuri 

buketiT da gemoTi, damzadebuls sabrende spirtidan, romelic 

miRebulia yurZnis mSrali Rvinis gamoxdiT, xangrZlivi droiT 

Senaxul muxis kasrebSi, an mominanqrebul rezervuarebSi, sadac 

CatvirTulia muxis tkeCebi. spirtis misaRebad, Rvinomasalebi 

specialuri teqnologiiT mzaddeba TeTri da wiTeli (TeTri 

wesiT) yurZnis jiSebidan, romelTac ara aqvT specifikuri, 

mkveTrad gamoxatuli aromati da intensiuri Sefervis wveni. 

axalgazrda sabrende Rvinomasalebis gamoxda warmoebs 

mosavlis momdevno wlis 1 maisamde, perioduli da uwyveti 

moqmedebis specialuri aparatebiT, Tavnaxadis aucilebeli 

mocilebiTa da fraqcionirebiT [11, 45, 183, 197]. 

62...70 moc% simagris sabrende spirtis daZveleba warmoebs 

kasrebSi miwiszeda da naxevarsardafis SenobaSi 15...20 0 C 

optimaluri temperaturisa da 70...85% fardobiTi tenianobis 

pirobebSi. fardobiTi tenianobis 75%-s qveviT Semcirebisas 

Senobas xelovnurad atenianeben. kasrebi mzaddeba mkvrivi, 

daxeTqili tkeCebisagan, romelic inaxeba Stabelebad, sul cota, 

sami wlis ganmavlobaSi. axal kasrebs amuSaveben Semdegi wesiT: 

3-4 dRis SualediT civi wyliT orjer gaJRenTaven da cxeli 

orTqliT 20...30 wuTs amuSaveben, gamoavleben jer cxel da 

Semdeg civ wyals da dasawretad alageben. liTonis 

mominanqrebul rezervuarSi spirtis daZvelebisas Senobis 

optimaluri temperatura unda Seadgendes 20...25 0 C. 

meTodiT: 

muxis tkeCebi muSavdeba qvemoT CamoTvlili erT-erTi

123 

Cveulebrivi damuSaveba. tkeCis damuSaveba warmoebs axali 

kasrebis damuSavebis meTodis mixedviT; 

gatutianebis meTodi. muxis tkeCebs amuSaveben 0,3...0,6%-iani 

mwvave kaliumiT 15...20 0 C temparaturaze 2...6 dRe-Ramis 

ganmavlobaSi. tutis gadmoRvridan 8...12 saaTis Semdeg tkeCebs 

3-4-jer recxaven gamdinare wylis qveS, Semdeg 6 dRe-Rames 

SenobaSi aniaveben an saSrobSi, araumetes 45 0 C-sa, erTi dRe- 

Ramis ganmavlobaSi aSroben; 

Termuli meTodi. am meTodiT muSavdeba muxis tkeCebis 

naxevari, danarCeni ki Cveulebrivi meTodiT. 5...7 dRis 

manZilze haeris Tavisufali miwodebiT tkeCebi saSrobSi 

105...125 0 C temperaturaze yovndeba, manam odnav yavisfrad ar 

Seifereba, Semdeg mas civi da cxeli wyliT amuSaveben. 

brendis xnovaneba gamoiTvleba muxis kasrebSi, an 

mominanqrebul rezervuarebSi dasaZveleblad maTi Casxmis 

wlidan. ianvarSi da imave wlis dekemberSi Casxmuli spirti 

uTanabrdeba erTi wlis daZvelebul spirts. fiziko-qimiuri da 

organoleptikuri maCveneblebis mixedviT sabrende spirti 

(axalgazrda) unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs: feri – 

ufero; gemo da suni – sabrende spirtisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli, 

ucxo sunisa da gemos gareSe [157]. 

iyofa: 

sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis procesi sam periodad 

I periodi 1-dan 5 wlamde grZeldeba. igi xasiaTdeba muxis 

tkeCis Zlieri eqstraqciiT. Sedegad, intensiurad 

mimdinareobs spirtSi fenoluri naerTebis, ligninis da 

hemocelulozas hirolizis produqtebis, uronis rZis da 

ZmarmJavebis gadasvla, ris gamoc, ares Ph mcirdeba.

124 

fenolur naerTebSi dominirebs dauJangavi tanini, spirti 

Ria yviTel Sefervas iZens da gemoze uxeSia; 

II periodi grZeldeba 5-dan 10 wlamde. am dros neldeba 

fenoluri naerTebis eqstraqcia, samagierod, izrdeba 

ligninisa da hemocelulozis hidrolizis produqtebis 

warmoqmnis procesi, matulobs daJanguli taninis 

raodenoba da aromatuli aldehidebis Semcveloba, 

rbildeba spirtis gemo. igi iZens sasiamovno vanilis tons. 

feri sagrZnoblad muqdeba Cais feramde; 

III periodi 10 welze zeviT grZeldeba. izrdeba daJanguli 

taninis raodenoba da aromatuli aldehidebis Semcveloba, 

adgili aqvs monosaqaridebis (glukozis) gadasvlas 

tkeCidan spirtSi, gemoze SesamCnevad rbildeba, xdeba 

harmoniuli, Seferiloba yviTel_oqrosferi xdeba. 

udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs brendis xarisxs, romlis 

mixedviTac igi SeiZleba davyoT ordinalur, samarko da 

sakoleqcio brendad. ordinaluri mzaddeba samidan xuT wlamde 

daZvelebuli sabrende spirtidan; samarko - saSualo asakis 

mqone, eqvs welze meti xnis spirtidan, xolo sakoleqcio - 

samarko brendidan, romlebsac, sul cota, 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi 

aZveleben muxis kasrebSi /nax. 4.8/ [37, 90]. 

sabrende spirtebisaTvis dadgenilia spirtisa da Saqris 

Semdegi kondiciebi: gadaxra ar unda aRematebodes spirtis 

Semcvelobis mixedviT 0,3 moc.%-s, xolo Saqris Semcvelobis 

mixedviT 2 g/l-s. mZime liTonebis marilebis Semcveloba 

brendSi ar unda aRematebodes: spilenZisa – 8 mg/l, kalis – 5 

mg/l, rkinisa – 1 mg/l. yvela saxis brendSi meTilis spirtis 

Semcveloba ar unda aRematebodes 0,1 moc. %-s [183].

0 

912 

C 

125

126 

4.2.2. sabrende spirtebze Catarebuli eqsperimentuli 

kvlevis Sedegebi 

saanalizod aviReT axladgamoxdili sabrende spirti 

(gurjaanis Rvinis qarxana), romelic davyaviT xuT Tanabar 

nawilad (0,5 litri), movaTavseT minis WurWelSi da eqstraqciis 

srulyofisaTvis TiToeul nimuSSi CavuSviT 35 sm 3 moculobis 

muxis tkeCi. muxis tkeCebi winaswar damuSavda gatutianebis 

zemoaRwerili meTodiT. 

sabrende spirtebis 4 Tanabari nawili damuSavda 

vibraciuli rxevebiT, mkacrad gansazRvruli 30, 60, 90, 120 da 150 

wuTiani saeqspozicio droiT. damuSaveba warmoebda ori kviris 

manZilze – kviraSi erTxel da Semdgom, sakontrolo nimuSTan 

erTad moTavsda gril sacavSi. 

damuSavebidan erTi wlis Semdgom, sabrende spirtebSi 

ganisazRvra organoleptikuri maCveneblebi /cxrili 4.5/: 

1. eTilis spirtis Semcveloba – arbitraJuli meTodiT; 

2. meTilis spirti – fotokolosimetruli meTodiT; 

3. ph – eleqtrometruli meTodiT; 

4. titruli mJavianoba – acidometruli meTodiT; 

5. aqroladi mJavebi – gamartivebuli meTodiT. 

dadgenil iqna daZvelebis daCqarebis kanonzomiereba 

rogorc sakontroli, aseve vibraciuli rxevebiT 

aqtivizirebuli sabrende spirtebisaTvis, rac muxis tkeCidan 

spirtebSi fenoluri naerTebis eqstraqciis srulyofiT aixsneba. 

kerZod, rogorc analizebidan Cans, sabrende spirtebis 

daZvelebisaTvis saukeTeso Sedegi miiReba misi 60 wuTiani 

eqspoziciiT damuSavebisas. masSi, gansxvavebiT sxva

127 

nimuSebisagan, sagrZnoblad SeiniSneba ph aris – 3,50 da 

fenoluri naerTebis – 112,10 mg/dm 3 mateba, aseve spirtis Seferva 

muq Cais feramde, sxva danarCeni ki, maT Soris sakontrolo 

nimuSi, warmodgenili iqna Ria yviTeli SeferviT. 

sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis stimulireba warmoebda f=50 

hc samrewvelo sixSirisa da x 1, 

73 mm amplitudis mqone 

vibraciuli rxevebiT, qselidan moTxovnilma srulma simZlavrem 

Seadgina 168,8 va, m.q.k. – 93,0 %.

# 

128 

cxrili #4.5. sabrende spirtebis organoleptikuri maCveneblebi 

organoleptikuri 

maCveneblebi sakon- 

trolo 

eqspozicia, wT. 

30 60 90 120 150 

1 eTilis spirti; moc % 65-67 65-67 65-67 65-67 65-67 65-67 

2 meTilis spirti; moc % niS. niS. niS. niS. niS. niS. 

3 ph 3,00 3,35 3,50 3,35 3,45 3,45 

4 titruli mJavianoba; mg/dm 3 6,00 6,50 6,50 6,40 6,30 6,30 

5 aqroladi mJavebi; mg/dm 3 0,40 0,49 0,49 0,45 0,42 0,42 

6 fenoluri naerTebi; mg/dm 3 74,97 151,30 112,10 91,47 81,84 76,34 

7 aldehidebi; mg/dm 3 3,00 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 

8 eTerebi; mg/dm 3 8,00 8,00 8,00 8,00 8,00 8,00

129 

4.2.3. Rvinomasalebze Catarebuli eqsperimentuli 

kvlevis Sedegebi 

kvlevebi emyareboda, saqarTveloSi gavrcelebuli, sufris 

wiTeli da TeTri yurZnisgan miRebuli Rvinomasalebis sacdeli 

nimuSebis fiziko-qimiuri Semadgenlobis gansazRvris safuZvels 

[37, 142, 143]. 

me-2 TavSi aRwerili eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

danadgaris /nax. 2.4/ gamoyenebiT saqarTvelos mebaReobis, 

mevenaxeobis da meRvineobis institutSi gamoicada wiTeli 

Rvinis daZvelebis axali teqnologia. kvlevebSi gamoyenebuli 

iqna wiTelyurZniani vazis jiSebi: `saferavi~, Sesabamisad 1995, 

1996, 1997 da 1998 wlebis mosavlisa da 1998 wlis – `Takveri~. 

damuSavebis win janmrTel yurZens mocilda klerti da Semdeg 

daiWylita, durdoSi Setanil iqna 50 mg/l-ze gogirdovani 

anhidridi. pirveli sakontrolo nimuSi damuSavda wiTeli Rvinis 

klasikuri teqnologiiT, romelic iTvaliswinebs durdos 

duRils 70 g/l narCen Saqramde, Semdgom gamownexvas da durdos 

gareSe saboloo daduRebas. meore sakontrolo nimuSis 

SemTxvevaSi durdos gamownexva da tkbilis daduReba moxda 

egredwodebuli `TeTri~ wesiT. 

sacdeli RvinomasalebisaTvis gankuTvnili durdos 

nimuSebi alkoholur duRilamde damuSavda 1, 3, 5 da 10 saaTiani 

saeqspozicio droiT, ris Semdgom sabolood warmoebda 

damuSavebuli durdos gamownexva da tkbilis duRili `TeTri~ 

wesiT. 

sakontrolo da sacdel Rvinomasalebze Catarebulma 

qimiurma da organoleptikurma analizebma aCvena, rom

130 

sakontrolo Rvinis nimuSis feri uaxlovdeba sacdeli 

Rvinomasalis nimuSis fers. aRsaniSnavia, rom sakontrolo 

RvinomasalebSi Senelebulia saRebavi nivTierebebis gamoleqva, 

rac savaraudod alkoholis Semcvelobazea dakavSirebuli. 

rogorc analizebidan Cans, wiTeli Rvinis daZvelebisaTvis 

saukeTeso Sedegi miiReba misi 10 saaTiani erjeradi 

saeqspozicio droiT damuSavebisas. sakontrolosgan 

gansxvavebiT, sacdel RvinoSi, izrdeba eTanolis, xolo 

mcirdeba meTanolisa da mqrolavi mJavebis raodenoba /cxrili 

4.6, 4.7/. 

dakvirvebebma aCvena, rom sacdeli Rvinis nimuSebi 

SeferilobiT ar CamorCebian sakontrolos, da piriqiT, gaaCniaT 

ukeTesi organoleptikuri maCveneblebi, gemoze SeiniSneba 

harmonia, daZvelebis procesi RvinoebSi viTardeba kargad da 1-3 

wlis Semdegac miiRes maRali Sefaseba. 

analogiuri samuSaoebi Catarda saqarTvelos saxelmwifo 

sasoflo-sameurneo universitetis meRvineobis ganyofilebaSi, 

kerZod, yuradReba gamaxvilebuli iqna TeTryurZniani vazis 

jiSze – `rqawiTeli~, 2002 da 2003 wlebis mosavlis. yurZeni 

daikrifa gurjaanis raionis sof. mukuzanis mikro-raionSi. 2002 

wlis meRvineobis sezonze yurZeni moikrifa or etapad: pirveli 

– 23% Saqrianobisa da 7g/dm 3 titruli mJavianobis, meore – 18% 

Saqrianobisa da 6g/dm 3 titruli mJavianobis mqone yurZeni, xolo 

2003 wlis mosavlis yurZenSi Saqrianoba Seadgenda 24%-s, 

titruli mJavianoba – 7g/dm 3 . 

durdos gamownexva da tkbilis daduReba moxda kaxuri 

Rvinis damzadebis klasikuri teqnologiis Tanaxmad, rodesac 

Rvinomasala WaWaze imyofeba 2–3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, raTa igi

131 

gamdidrdes fenoluri da aramqrolavi komponentebiT. cdebi 

Catarda sxvadasxva saeqspozicio droiT /ix. cxrili 4.8; 4.9/ [19, 

30, 209, 210]. 

analizebma cxadyo, rom sufris TeTri Rvinis 

daZvelebisaTvis saukeTeso Sedegi miiReba misi durdos 30 

wuTiani eqspoziciiT damuSavebisas. masSi, gansxvavebiT sxva 

nimuSebisagan, sagrZnoblad SeiniSneba ph aris – 3,62 gr/dm 3 da 

fenoluri naerTebis – 1530 g/dm 3 mateba /cxrili 4.8/. 

aseve, msjelobis sagans warmoadgens, yurZnis daWyletili 

marcvlebis 30 wT saeqspozicio droiT damuSavebisas, RvinoSi 

warmarTuli daZvelebis procesis Sedegebi, sadac ph are – 3,15 

gr/dm 3 da fenoluri naerTebis – 1351,5 g/dm 3 Seadgens /cxrili 4.9/.

# m e T o d i 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

132 

cxrili #4.6. wiTel RvinoSi antocianebis Semcveloba, mg/l. 

klasikuri teqnologiiT 

daduRebuli (sakontrolo) 

`TeTri~ wesiT daduRebuli 

(sakontrolo) 

sacdeli nimuSis 1 sT 

saeqspozicio droiT damuSaveba 

(`TeTri~ wesiT daduRebuli) 










(A - axali Rvino, B - 1 wlis Rvino) 

1995 

weli 

saferavi Takveri 

1997 

weli 

1998 

weli 

1999 

weli 

A B A B A B A B 

2120 1590 1470 980 1350 930 170 500 

320 230 200 140 110 90 100 70 

800 670 620 450 580 400 280 180 

1200 960 890 630 800 570 430 310 

1740 1390 1140 780 1010 710 610 430 

2060 1610 1610 970 1200 850 700 480

133 

cxrili #4.7. wiTel RvinoebSi eTanolis, meTanolis da mqrolavi mJavebis Semcveloba 

# m e T o d i 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

(A - eTanoli, moc %; B - meTanoli, mg/l; C - mqrolavi mJavebi, g/l) 

klasikuri teqnologiiT 

daduRebuli (sakontrolo) 

`TeTri~ wesiT daduRebuli 

(sakontrolo) 













1995 

weli 

saferavi Takveri 

1997 

weli 

1998 

weli 

1999 

weli 

A B C A B C A B C A B C 

15,1 158 1,2 12,8 120 1,1 12,5 104 1,1 10,6 111 0,9 

15,4 75 0,8 13,5 46 0,6 13,2 65 0,5 11,3 48 0,5 

15,5 110 0,9 13,3 58 0,6 13,3 64 0,5 11,4 45 0,4 

15,4 125 0,8 13,4 57 0,5 13,1 71 0,6 11,2 56 0,6 

15,6 120 0,8 13,6 67 0,7 13,2 75 0,7 11,3 57 0,5 

15,6 124 0,9 13,4 78 0,6 13,2 70 0,6 11,2 68 0,5

# m e T o d i 

134 

cxrili #4.8. sufris TeTri Rvinis qimiuri Semadgenlobis zogierTi 

komponentis raodenobiTi mniSvneloba (2002 weli) 

s i m a g r e 

g a m o s a v l i s 

m i x e d v i T , m o c . 

% 

s i m a g r e 

x v e d r i T i 

w o n i s m i x e d v i T 

m o c . % 

e q s t r a c i a 

x v e d r i 


m o c . % 

t i t r u l i 

m J a v i a n o b a 

g / d m 3 

a q r o l a d i 

m J a v e b i 

g / d m 3 

R v i n i s m J a v e b i 

g / d m 3 

f e n o l u r i 

n a e r T e b i 

( t a n i n i ) 

g / d m 3 

p h 

S a q r i a n o b a 

% 

1 sakontrolo 12,0 12,02 3,002 5,9 0,36 1,7 1020 3,54 0,27 

2 

3 

4 

5 

mTliani mtevnebis 15 wT 

saeqspozicio droiT 

damuSaveba 

durdos 15 wT 

saeqspozicio 

droiT damuSaveba 



damuSaveba 

durdos 30 wT 

saeqspozicio 


11,8 11,77 3,080 6,23 0,36 1,7 1071 3,55 0,23 

11,8 11,60 3,080 6,4 0,44 2,1 1122 3,52 0,23 

12,0 12,11 3,054 6,23 0,44 1,8 1275 3,61 0,26 

12,0 11,60 2,418 6,1 0,44 1,5 1530 3,62 0,24 

1 sakontrolo 10,3 10,17 2,015 5,56 0,54 2,16 867 3,65 0,16 

2 

daWyletili marcvlebis 30 

wT saeqspozicio droiT 

damuSaveba 

10,82 10,92 2,113 5,56 0,54 2,26 969 3,66 0,14

# m e T o d i 

135 

cxrili #4.9. sufris TeTri Rvinis qimiuri Semadgenlobis zogierTi 

komponentis raodenobiTi mniSvneloba (2003 weli) 

s i m a g r e 

g a m o s a v l i s 

m i x e d v i T , 

m o c . % 

s i m a g r e 

x v e d r i T i 


m o c . % 

e q s t r a c i a 

x v e d r i 


m o c . % 

t i t r u l i 

m J a v i a n o b a 

g / d m 3 

a q r o l a d i 

m J a v e b i 

g / d m 3 

R v i n i s m J a v e b i 

g / d m 3 

f e n o l u r i 

n a e r T e b i 

( t a n i n i ) 

g / d m 3 

p h 

S a q r i a n o b a 

% 

1 sakontrolo 11,49 10,84 2,646 5,84 0,44 2,10 1912,5 3,30 0,13 

2 



damuSaveba 

durdos 15 wT 

11,38 11,85 2,825 6,49 0,44 2,16 2073 3,58 0,09 

3 saeqspozicio 



10,40 10,84 2,266 6,55 0,36 2,28 2346 3,37 0,33 

4 saeqspozicio droiT 

damuSaveba 

durdos 30 wT 

10,69 11,17 2,672 6,20 0,36 2,20 2856 3,30 0,27 

5 saeqspozicio 


10,50 10,76 2,418 6,13 0,44 2,71 2860 3,23 0,36 

1 sakontrolo 11,10 1,26 2,494 6,49 0,36 2,80 1275 3,09 0,12 

2 

daWyletili marcvlebis 30 

wT saeqspozicio droiT 

damuSaveba 

11,50 11,17 2,670 6,70 0,60 3,0 1351,5 3,15 0,29

136 

Tavi V. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

saimedoobis sakiTxisaTvis 

swrafad ganviTarebadi teqnikuri progresis amocanebidan 

gamomdinare manqana-danadgarebisa da mowyobilobebis 

saimedoobis sakiTxi teqnikur sistemaTa sirTulis muSaobis 

pirobebis eqstremalurobis, xarisxis, reJimebis intensivobis, 

funqcionalurobisa da avtomatizaciis amaRlebasTan erTad 

metad aqtualuri xdeba. vibraciuli danadgarebisaTvis 

saimedooba warmoadgens erT-erT ZiriTad teqnikur-ekonomikur 

maCvenebels. vibraciuli danadgarebis proeqtirebis stadiaze 

saimedoobis angariSi, rogorc wesi, gvaZlevs arasakmarisad 

zust Sedegs. Tumca, misi saimedoobis raodenobrivi Sefaseba, 

sakmarisad miaxloebuli saZiebel sididesTan, SeiZleba miviRoT 

statistikuri gamoTvlebis gziT. aRsaniSnavia, rom saimedoobis 

statistikuri Sefasebis sizuste ganapirobebs danadgaris 

saimedo muSaobas, rac damokidebulia gamocdis raodenobaze, 

mtyunebaTa da sxva saWiro monacemTa bazis sisruleze [8, 9, 10]. 

Catarebulma kvlevebma saSualeba mogvca migveRo 

eleqtromagnitur vibraciul danadgarSi gamoyenebul elementTa 

muSaobis mtyunebaTa intensivobis sidideebi [145, 146, 175], 

romelTa mniSvnelobebic TiToeuli elementisaTvis mocemulia 

cxrili 5.1-Si. mtyunebis qveS aq igulisxmeba qmedeba, romlis 

drosac vibraciuli danadgari kargavs unars Seasrulos maszed 

dakisrebuli funqcia. zogad SemTxvevaSi, mtyuneba ganimarteba 

ara marto danadgaris gauTvaliswinebeli gaCerebiT, aramed 

iseTi iZulebiTi gamorTviT, rodesac saWiroa Catardes 

aucilebeli saremonto samuSaoebi.

137 

cxrili 5.1. eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris saimedoobis 

elementis 

dasaxeleba 

vibraciuli danadgari 

statistikuri monacemebi 

raod. 

N# 

zeda 

zRvari 

mtyunebaTa intensivoba 

. 10 -6 , sT -1 

saSualo 

mniSvneloba 

qveda 

zRvari 

viboamgznebis koWa 1 0.045 0.03 0.01 

zambara 3 0.40 0.1125 0.04 

resori 3 0.05 0.0328 0.001 

fila 1 0.50 0.087 0.035 

sadgari 1 0.98 0.10 0.035 

rezervuari 1 0.14 0.02 0.008 

SeerTeba-mirCilviT 8 0.008 0.004 0.0002 

SeerTeba-WanWikiT 10 0.19 0.05 0.002 

danadgaris marTvis sqemis elementebi 

mcveli 1 0.221 0.05 0.001 

kondensatori 1 0.29 0.05 0.003 

Tiristori 1 3.7 0.90 0.42 

dinistori 1 0.39 0.20 0.03 

diodi 1 0.40 0.060 0.028 

rezistori-I 2 0.19 0.13 0.07 

rezistori-II 1 1.20 0.317 0.045 

avt. amomrTveli 1 2.75 0.1375 0.045

138 

statistikuri dakvirvebebis mixedviT, eleqtromagnitur 

vibraciul danadgarebSi, mwyobridan xSirad gamodian drekadi 

elementebi – zambarebi, resorebi da a.S. gragnilebis mtyuneba 

aRiricxeba SedarebiT iSviaTad, radgan isini warmoadgenen 

praqtikulad uZrav elementebs da amave dros gaaCniaT 

ventilaciis sakmao pirobebi [113, 119, 135, 159] 

vibrodanadgarebis saimedoobis gaangariSebis iseTi 

praqtikuli amocanebis gadasawyvetad, rogoricaa sistemis 

umtyunebo da mtyunebiT funqcionirebis albaTobis Sefaseba 

drois SedarebiT mokle intervalSi, ganvixiloT aRdgenadi 

elementebisagan Semdgari teqnikuri sistemis muSaoba or 

ZiriTad reJimSi calkeuli elementebis sawyisi mdgomareobis 

gaTvaliswinebiT: 

rodesac vibrodanadgaris nebismieri elementis mwyobridan 

gamosvlis SemTxvevaSi danarCeni elementebi gaiTiSebian. e.i. 

gamarTuli elementebis mtyunebaTa intensivoba drois am 

monakveTSi nulis tolia, rac aRniSnavs imas, rom 

nebismieri elementis aRdgenis dros sistemis arcerT sxva 

elements ar SeuZlia mtyuneba. magaliTad, vibrobunkeris 

eleqtromagnitis koWis mwyobridan gamosvlisas sistemis 

meqanikuri elementebi da marTvis bloki gaiTiSeba /nax. 5.1/. 

rodesac nebismieri elementis mwyobridan gamosvlisas 

danarCeni elementebi rCebian muSa mdgomareobaSi da maTi 

mtyunebaTa intensivoba ucvlelia sxva elementis 

mdgomareobaze damoukideblad /nax. 5.2/. ese igi nebismieri 

meqanikuri elementis (zambara, resori, bunkeri da a.S.)

1 2 

139 

1 1 

1 

2 

 

2 1 

 

2 2 

3 

4 

nax. 5.1. sistemis muSaobis drois diagrama, rodesac 

nebismier elementis mtyunebisas danarCeni 

elementebi gaiTiSebian. 

sadac -elementis mtyunebis momentia; -mwyobridan gamosuli 

elementis aRdgenis ganmavlobaSi gamarTul elementTa 

( k) 

gamorTvis momenti; i - i-uri elementis aRdgenis k-uri 

intervali; 

( k) 

-sistemis ( k) 

i 

aRdgenis k-uri intervali. 

1 2 

1 2 1 1 

 

 

 

1 

2 2 

 

 

1 2 3 

3 

 

 

2 

3 1 

 

3 2 

3 

4 

nax. 5.2. sistemis muSaobis drois diagrama, rodesac 

nebismieri elementis mtyunebisas danarCeni 

elementebi imyofebian muSa mdgomareobaSi.

140 

mtyunebisas eleqtromagnitis koWa da marTvis bloki 

ganagrZobs funqcionirebas, Tumca am dros vibrodanadgaris 

funqcionaluri SesaZleblobebi SezRudulia da ar miiReba 

saTanado teqnologiuri efeqti [21, 177]. 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris funqcionirebis 

raodenobrivi Sefasebis da mis Semadgenel nawilTa 

saimedoobis gansazRvrisaTvis gamoviyeneT Semdegi ZiriTadi 

kriteriumebi: 

1. sistemis umtyunebo muSaobis albaTobaa P(t); 

2. mtyunebaTa intensivoba , sT -1 ; 

3. saSualo namuSevari pirvel mtyunebamde T saS, sT. 

vibraciuli danadgaris, rogorc rTuli teqnikuri sistemis 

umtyunebo muSaobis albaToba ganvsazRvreT gamosaxulebiT: 

n 

t P t P t ... P t P t 1 

2 

n 

 

i1 

P (5.1) 

sadac Pi(t) – i-uri elementis umtyunebo muSaobis albaToba t 

drois ganmavlobaSi; 

t – sistemis muSaobis xangrZlivoba, sT. 

pirvel mtyunebamde saSualo namuSevaris saxiT T saS 

aRebulia umtyunebo muSaobis drois maTematikuri lodinis 

albaToba, rac gamoisaxeba Semdegi saxiT: 

i 

T Ptdt 

, sT. (5.2) 

saS 

soflis meurneobaSi eleqtromowyobilobis muSaobis 

rTuli pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT (Zabvis dabali xarisxobrivi 

maCveneblebi, agresiuli garemo – muSaoba Ria cis qveS, maRal 

temperaturaze, mtvrian da tenian garemoSi, qimiurad aqtiuri 

masalebis, kerZod, yurZnis durdos, spirtis, Rvinomasalebis da

141 

a.S. damuSaveba) angariSSi viyenebdiT mtyunebaTa intensivobis 

cxrilebSi moyvanil zRvrul sidideebs. 

teqnikuri agregatebis muSaobaTa mtyunebas, rogorc 

SemTxveviT movlenas, gaaCnia droSi ganawilebis sxvadasxva 

kanoni. gamoTvlebis dros gamoyenebulia SemTxveva, rodesac 

yvela elementi eqvemdebareba droSi ganawilebis 

eqsponencialur kanons [3, 12, 132, 181]: 

P 

i 

T saS 

 

it 

t e , 

 

 

1 

, sT. (5.3) 

eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgaris mtyunebaTa 

intensivobis saSualo sidide drois erTeulSi Caiwereba 

Semdegi saxiT: 

miviRebT: 

n 

 

i1 

N N N 

N , sT-1 . (5.4) 

1 

1 

2 

2 

... 

am gamosaxulebaSi cxrili 4.1-dan mniSvnelobebis SetaniT 

=(1 . 0,045+3 . 0,4+3 . 0,05+1 . 0,5+1 . 0,98+1 . 0,14+8 . 0,008+10 . 0,19+1 . 0,221+1 . 0,29+ 

+1 . 3,7+1 . 0,39+1 . 0,4+2 . 0,19+1 . 1,2+1 . 2,75)10 -6 =14,310 -6 sT -1 . 

saSualo namuSevari pirvel mtyunebamde 

1 10 

5 

T 0, 

6910 

, sT. (5.5) 

saS 

14, 

3 

vibraciuli danadgaris umtyunebo muSaobis albaToba 

(konstruqciis saimedooba) Seadgens: 

 

5000 

5 

0, 

6910 

0, 

0724 

PP5000 e e 0, 

930 

P 

10000 

n 

n 

1 

1, 

075 

1 

1, 

155 

 

5 

0, 

6910 

0, 

1448 

10000 e e 0, 

866 

i 

i 

(5.6)

1,0 

0,8 

0,6 

0,4 

0,2 

0 

P 

0.930 

0.866 

 

20000 

0.748 

142 

5 

0, 

6910 

0, 

2898 

P P20000 

e e 0, 

748 

 

30000 

0.647 

1 

1, 

336 

1 

1, 

544 

5 

0, 

6910 

0, 

4347 

P P30000 

e e 0, 

647 

 

50000 

1 

2, 

063 

5 

0, 

6910 

0, 

7246 

P P50000 

e e 0, 

485 

zemomoyvanili angariSidan Cans, rom eleqtromagnituri 

vibraciuli danadgaris 10000 sT muSaobisas, konstruqciis 

mwyobridan gamosvlis albaToba 1000 danadgarze ar aRemateba 

13,4%-s [21]. 

nax. 5.3. eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris 

umtyunebo muSaobis albaTobis diagrama 

p f t 0.485 

10 20 30 40 50 

t, 

3 

sT 10

143 

Tavi VI. eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis energetikuli 

da ekonomikuri efeqtianobis maCveneblebi 

sasoflo-sameurneo sawarmoo ciklSi, kerZod 

meRvinomasalebis daZvelebis teqnologiur procesSi 

gamoyenebuli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

ekonomikuri efeqtianoba damokidebulia mraval faqtorze, 

romelTa Soris aRsaniSnavia Semdegi parametrebi: Sromatevadoba 

damzadebaze, masalaTtevadoba, saimedooba, mwarmoeblobis 

xarisxi, momsaxurebis simartive, axali teqnikis gabarituli 

zomebi da a.S. erTi da igive agregatis sxvadasxva pirobebSi 

gamoyeneba iZleva gansxvavebul energetikul da ekonomikur 

efeqts. es damokidebulia misi gamoyenebis da datvirTvis 

xasiaTze, im momsaxure personalis kvalifikaciaze, romlebic 

emsaxurebian eleqtrificirebul danadgarebs da asruleben mis 

gamarTva-SekeTebas [111, 164]. 

mocemul danaxarjTa minimizaciis kriteriumidan 

gamomdinareobs, rom axali teqnikis danergviT gamowveuli 

efeqti ganisazRvreba xarjTa Semcirebis an energotevadobis 

gazrdiT. danaxarjTa Sedegobrivi Sedareba saSualebas gvaZlevs 

ganvsazRvroT danadgarTa damuSavebisa da gamoyenebis 

efeqturobis mizanSewoniloba. axali teqnika SeiZleba 

CaiTvalos efeqtianad mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca misi 

saeqspluatacio maCveneblebi uzrunvelyofen momxmarebelTa mier 

aucilebeli ekonomikuri xarjebis gaRebis mizanSewonilobas. am 

poziciebidan cxadi xdeba, rom danadgarTa faqtobrivi 

efeqtianobis analizs saukeTesod pasuxobs misive gaangariSeba. 

Sesabamisad, danadgarTa ganzogadebuli efeqtianobis

144 

maCvenebels warmoadgens maTi danergviT gamowveuli wliuri 

ekonimikuri efeqti, xolo saboloo angariSiT, energetikul- 

ekonomikuri efeqtianobis kriteriumad SeiZleba CaiTvalos 

eleqtrificirebul danadgarTa mwarmoeblobis zrda. 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis teqnikur- 

ekonomikuri maCveneblebis SefasebisaTvis damuSavebulia 

Sesabamisi meTodikebi, romlebic kompleqsuri midgomis 

meSveobiT metad zustad gansazRvraven danadgarTa efeqtianobis 

sidides. am meTodikis mixedviT ansxvaveben mosalodnel, 

dagegmil da faqtiur efeqtianobas, romelTa parametrebis povna 

Cvens interess warmoadgens. 

naSromSi ganxiluli eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebis 

energetikuli efeqtianobis sakiTxis Seswavlis garda, cxadia, 

aucileblobas warmoadgenda ekonomikuri efeqtianobis 

maCveneblebis dadgena-dazusteba, rameTu mkacri sabazro 

ekonomikis pirobebSi araefeqtiani warmoeba, moZvelebuli 

teqnologiebi da, Sesabamisad, dargis araprogresirebadi 

samecniero-teqnikuri midgomebi mewarmis gakotrebis tolfasia 

[161, 162]. 

swored am obieqturad aucilebeli ekonomikuri 

procesebidan gamomdinare, saangariSo-konstruqciuli meTodikis 

gamoyenebiT, wliuri dayvanili danaxarjebis S gamoTvlebis 

d 

safuZvelze, ganvaxorcieleT sawarmoo pirobebSi momuSave 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis ekonomikuri 

efeqtianobis dazusteba. zemomoyvanili maCvenebeli farTodaa 

gavrcelebuli prognozirebis praqtikaSi da ganisazRvreba 

Semdegi saxiT [173, 188]: 

S H EK 

d (6.1)

145 

sadac H – wliuri saeqspluatacio danaxarjebi, lari; 

K – kapitaluri danaxarjebi, lari; 

E 1 T – kapitaluri danaxarjebis efeqtianobis 

koeficienti (0.15); sadac T –kapitaluri danaxarjebis 

amogebis vada, weli; 

Cveni miznis gansaxorcieleblad, sabaziso (arsebuli) da 

axali (damuSavebuli) eleqtromagnituri vibrodanadgarebisaTvis 

unda viangariSoT wliuri dayvanili danaxarjebi S da S . 

d1 

d2 

sawyis etapze dadginda kapitaluri danaxarjebi K , romelic 

gamoiTvleba danadgaris Rirebulebaze transportirebis (8%), 

sasawyobo Senaxvis (1%), montaJis (10%), amuSavebis da 

regulirebis (1%) danaricxebis damatebiT. Sesabamisad, 

K 1 

xolo axali danadgarisaTvis: 

K 2 

453, 

6 453, 

6 20% 

544, 

32 lari, (6.2) 

412, 

3 412, 

3 

20% 

494, 

76 lari. (6.3) 

wliuri saeqspluatacio danaxarjebi H , Tavis mxriv, 

iTvaliswinebs: 

1. danaxarjebs amortizaciaze H : am 

H 1 

am 1 Pam 

K 0, 

164 544, 

32 89, 

27 lari, (6.4) 

sadac P – saamortizacio anaricxis norma. 

am 

H 2 

am 2 Pam 

K 0, 

164 494, 

76 81, 

14 lari; (6.5) 

2. danadgarSi eleqtroenergiis danakargebis Rirebulebas H el , 

romelic ganisazRvreba formuliT: 

H C W 

, (6.6) 

el el 

sadac W – agregatSi wlis ganmavlobaSi eleqtroenergiis 

danakargebi, kvt/sT w; 

C el – 1 kvt/sT eleqtroenergiis Rirebuleba, lari.

146 

saqarTvelos energetikis maregulirebeli komisiis mier 

dadgenili eleqtruli energiis tarifi gansxvavebulia 

regionebisa da el.energiis gamanawilebeli kompaniebis mixedviT, 

rac ar iZleva srulfasovani ekonomikuri gaangariSebis 

SesaZleblobas, amitom gamoTvlebSi gamoviyeneT saSualo 

Sewonili Rirebuleba – 0,25 lari: 

H 1 

el 1 Cel 

W 

0, 

25 279, 

5 69, 

88 lari, (6.7) 

H C W 

0, 

25158, 

5 39, 

63 

el2 el 2 lari; (6.8) 

3. mimdinare remontis danaxarjebs H , romelic 

mr 

ganisazRvreba zemoT ganmartebuli meTodikiT: 

H mr1 27, 

06 lari, (6.9) 

Hmr 2 15, 

90 lari; (6.10) 

4. danaxarjebs danadgaris momsaxureobaze H : m 

sabaziso danadgarisaTvis: 

m 

H H H 

H 0, 

05 , lari, (6.11) 

am 

H H H 0, 

0589, 

27 69, 

88 27, 

06 

9, 

31 

H 0, 

05 

m 1 

am1 

el1 

mr1 

lari, (6.12) 

xolo axali vibrodanadgarisaTvis: 

H H H 0, 

0581, 

14 39, 

63 15, 

90 

6, 

83 

Hm 2 0, 

05 am 2 el2 

mr2 

lari. (6.13) 

sabaziso da axali vibraciuli danadgarebisaTvis wliuri 

saeqspluatacio danaxarjebis H TvalsaCinod warmosadgenad 

Sedgenil iqna cxrili 6.1. 

wliuri dayvanili danaxarjebis S sabolood dasadgenad, 

d 

(6.1) formulis gamoTvlis Sedagad vRebulobT: 

S 1 

el 

mr 

195, 

52 0, 

15 544, 

32 277, 

17 

d lari, (6.14) 

S 2 

143, 

50 0, 

15 

494, 

76 217, 

71 lari. (6.15) 

d

147 

cxrili 6.1. sabaziso da axal vibrodanadgarze gaweuli wliuri 

saeqspluatacio 

saeqspluatacio danaxarjebi 

Rirebuleba, lari 

danaxarjebi 1 (sabaziso) 2 (axali) 

H 89,27 81,14 

am 

H el 

69,88 39,63 

H 27,06 15,90 

mr 

H 9,31 6,83 

m 

H 195,52 143,50 

rogorc gamoTvlebidan Cans, ekonomikuri efeqtianoba 

gacilebiT maRalia axal (damuSavebul) vibraciul danadgarSi, 

romelic sabaziso danadgarze gaweuli danaxarjebis 78,5%-s 

Seadgens [173, 188].

148 

daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi 

1. naCvenebia, rom Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis daCqareba da am 

masalebis organoleptikuri maCveneblebis amaRleba Zalze 

mniSvnelovania meRvineobis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis da am 

aqtualuri amocanis gadasawyvetad erT-erT perspeqtiul gzas 

eleqtrificirebuli teqnologiebis, kerZod ki, vibraciuli 

damuSavebis gamoyeneba warmoadgens. 

2. dadgenilia, rom meRvineobis teqnologiuri procesebis 

intensifikaciisaTvis Seqmnili ukuqceviT-winsvliTi 

moZraobis erTtaqtiani eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli 

amgznebiT aRWurvili danadgarebi, romelTa konstruqciebi 

daculia saqarTvelos #P2082B da #P3180B patentebiT, 

muSaobisunariania, arsebulTan SedarebiT naklebad 

liTontevadi da amave dros energodamzogia, radgan misi 

amgznebi eleqtromagniti sxva prototipebisagan gamoirCeva 

eleqtromeqanikuri parametrebis regulirebis sizustiT da 

f=50 hc samrewvelo sixSireze meqanikur da eleqtromagnitur 

rezonansTan axlo reJimSi stabiluri muSaobiT, rac miiRweva 

imiT, rom amgznebis Ruza, moZraobs ra satatoris polusebs 

Soris, uzrunvelyofs drois nebismier momentSi jamuri 

sahaero RreCos mudmivobas. aRZruli mizidvis Zalebi 

damokidebulia rogorc aRniSnuli RreCoebis sidideze, ise 

polusebis gadafarvis farTis cvlilebaze, riTac miiRweva 

Ruzis rxevebis amplitudis maqsimaluri sidide da meqanikur 

rezonansSi muSaobisas Ruzis gadaadgileba ar iwvevs 

statoris polusebTan Sejaxebas. aseve, damuSavebuli 

eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris ZiriTadi

149 

upiratesobeba aris is, rom igi uzrunvelyofs danadgaris 

sadgaris, romelzec magrdeba cisterna, kasri da a.S., 

moZraobas rogorc ukuqceviT-winsvliTi, aseve xraxnuli 

traeqtoriiT. 

3. rogorc ukuqceviT-winsvliTi moZraobis, aseve kuTxiT-rxeviTi 

moZraobis vibroamgznebebiT aRWurvili danadgarebis 

energetikuli maCveneblebis asamaRleblad damuSavebul iqna 

maTi eleqtruli kvebisa da marTvis Tiristoruli sqemebi, 

romlebic mkvebavi Zabvis regulirebis meSveobiT 

uzrunvelyofen 8,5 litris tevadobis mqone eqsperimentuli 

danadgaris wevis Zalis F=45...665 n zRvrebSi cvlilebas, 

xolo rxevebis amplitudis x=0,45...1,73 mm farglebSi 

regulirebas; am sqemebis meSveobiT, danadgarTa meqanikuri 

sistemis gawyobisgan damoukideblad, SesaZlebelia 

danadgaris rezervuaris rogorc moZraobis traeqtoriis, 

aseve gadaadgilebis amplitudis Secvla da Sedegad, 

Rvinomasalebis daZvelebis stimulirebisaTvis, saWiro 

reJimis miRweva. 

4. eleqtromagnituri vibroamgznebebiT aRWurvili danadgarebis 

muSaobis reJimebis eqsperimentul kvlevaze da miRebuli 

Sedegebis analizze dayrdnobiT, Seswavlilia Rvinisa da 

sabrende spirtebis daZvelebis stimulirebaze f=50 hc 

samrewvelo sixSirisa da x=1,73 mm amplitudis mqone 

vibraciuli rxevebis sxvadasxva, 15 wuTidan 10 saaTamde 

zRvrebSi, eqspoziciaTa zemoqmedeba da rekomendebulia 

optimaluri varianti, kerZod – sabrende spirtebis 

daZvelebisaTvis saukeTeso Sedegi miiReba misi 60 wuTiani, 

wiTel RvinoSi – 10 saaTiani, xolo sufris TeTr RvinoSi –

150 

rogorc durdos, aseve yurZnis daWyletili marcvlebis 30 

wuTiani eqspoziciiT damuSavebisas. 

5. dadgenilia, rom sabrende spirtebis, mokrefili yurZnis 

mtevnebis an marcvlebis da durdos vibraciuli damuSavebis 

efeqtianoba dakavSirebulia rogorc Rvinomasalebis 

bunebrivi daZvelebis dros mimdinare procesebze, agreTve 

eleqtrofizikuri zemoqmedebiT daCqarebul fizikur-qimiur 

reaqciebze, rac saSualebas iZleva vawarmooT 

maRalxarisxovani Rvinomasalebi nakleb droSi, minimaluri 

danaxarjebiT; amasTan, SemoTavazebuli meTodiT daZvelebis 

drois Semcireba da durdoze duRilis rTuli procesis 

gamartiveba, Tvisobrivad da xarisxobrivad axali stilis 

sabrende spirtebis, wiTeli naxevradtkbili da 

naxevradmSrali Rvinoebisa da mSrali primeri tipis 

Rvinoebis warmoeba ar arRvevs produqtis komponentTa 

harmoniul Tanawyobas. 

6. vibrodanadgaris funqciuri da principuli eleqtruli 

sqemebis analizze da muSaobis reJimebisa da pirobebis 

gaTvaliswinebaze agebuli meTodikis safuZvelze 

Seswavlilia danadgaris saimedoobis maCveneblebi, rac 

Catarebulia mtyunebaTa intensiobebis droSi 

eqsponencialuri ganawilebis kanonze dayrdnobiT. 

dadgenilia, rom vibraciuli danadgaris 10000 sT muSaobisas, 

konstruqciis mtyunebis albaToba ar aRemateba 13,4%-s, xolo 

namuSevari mtyunebaze ar aris 69000 saaTze naklebi, rac 

sakmaod maRal maCvenebels warmoadgens da danadgaris 

sawarmoo eqspluataciis pirobebs akmayofilebs.

151 

7. Catarebulma teqnikur-ekonomikurma analizma gviCvena, rom 

danadgaris sawarmoo pirobebSi gamoyeneba saSualebas iZleva 

gamovaTavisufloT Rvinomasalebis Sesanaxi moculobebi, rac 

iZleva faqtiur wliur ekonomikur efeqts, umjobesdeba 

miRebuli produqtis xarisxi da mcirdeba danakargebi; 

SemoTavazebul konstruqciaze gaweuli kapitaldabandebebis 

amogebis vada ar aRemateba 1 wels, kerZod, wliuri dayvanili 

danaxarjebi Seadgens 217,71 lars, rac sabaziso danadgarze 

gaweuli danaxarjebis 78,5%-ia. 

8. kvlevebis Sedegebis gavrcleba rekomendebulia 

Rvinomasalebis mwarmoebel obieqtebze. kerZod, dadgenilia 

gamoyenebis mizanSewoniloba, radgan Tanamedrove pirobebSi, 

damuSavebuli eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgaris 

konstruqciuli Sesrulebis simartive, momsaxureobis 

moxerxebuloba, liTontevadobis Semcireba, sruli 

avtomatizebis da mravalmxrivi funqciuri SesaZlebloba, 

maRali energetikuli, kargi saeqspluatacio da ergonomiuli 

maCveneblebi ganapirobebs imas, rom meRvineobis teqnologiur 

procesebSi eleqtromagnituri vibraciuli danadgarebis 

gamoyenebiT Semcirdeba meRvineobis dargSi arsebuli 

problemebi da mewarmes miscems mniSvnelovan faqtiur wliur 

ekonomikur efeqts iseT xangrZliv sawarmoo ciklSi, 

rogoricaa samarko Rvinisa da sabrende (koniakiseburi) 

spirtebis daZveleba.

152 

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170 

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