Jason Cryan - Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
Jason Cryan - Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
Jason Cryan - Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
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On Spittlebugs<br />
(Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha:<br />
Cercopoidea)<br />
<strong>Jason</strong> <strong>Cryan</strong><br />
Laboratory for Conservation<br />
And <strong>Evolutionary</strong> Genetics<br />
~3,000 species<br />
in 340 genera, with<br />
worldwide distribution<br />
Cercopoidea:<br />
spittlebugs<br />
&<br />
froghopper<br />
s<br />
Machaerotidae<br />
Cercopidae<br />
Aphrophoridae Epipygidae<br />
Clastopteridae
Economic Impact<br />
!Grass-feeding spittlebugs are a major biotic limit to forage grass, milk, and<br />
beef production in rangelands and pastures of the Neotropics (Valério<br />
et al. 1996)<br />
!in Colombia alone, annual damage is estimated at US $8.5-34.0 million<br />
(Holmann & Peck 2002)<br />
Brachiaria decumbens<br />
Hamilton, 2001<br />
Hypothesis 1: reclassification of<br />
families -- Cercopidae,<br />
Clastopteridae, & Epipygidae<br />
Sugarcane Lucerne Scotch Blight Pine Dwarf Blight Peach Disease Gummosis<br />
Carvalho & Webb, 2005<br />
Hypothesis 2: NW Cercopidae<br />
constitute monophyletic lineage<br />
-- subfamily Ischnorhininae<br />
Delphacidae<br />
Cixiidae<br />
Tropiduchidae<br />
Dictyopharidae<br />
Fulgoridae<br />
Pemmation aspera<br />
Putoniessa rivularis<br />
Flexamia areolata<br />
Paracephalelus brunneus<br />
Guayaquila gracilicornis<br />
Ophiderma definita<br />
Deiroderes inermis<br />
Aetalion reticulatum<br />
Gerridius fowleri<br />
Lophyraspis sp.<br />
Froggatoides typicus<br />
Pauropsalta corticinus<br />
Tettigarcta crinita<br />
Tettigarcta tomentosa<br />
Pectinariophyes reticulata<br />
Clastoptera proteus<br />
Clastoptera brunnea<br />
Clastoptera obtusa<br />
Clastoptera testacea<br />
Cosmocarta sp.<br />
Aeneolamia contigua<br />
Prosapia bicincta<br />
Zulia vilior<br />
Mahanarva costaricensis<br />
Neophilaenus lineatus<br />
Philaenus spumarius<br />
Philaenus maghresignus<br />
Epipyga n.sp. (afasciata?)<br />
Evexus n.sp. 1 (rakitovi?)<br />
Evexus n.sp. 2 (emphatica?)<br />
Cephisus siccifolius<br />
Lepyronia coleopterata<br />
Lepyronia quadrangularis<br />
Liorhina sp.<br />
Aphrophora cribrata<br />
Aphrophora alni<br />
Cicadomorpha<br />
<strong>Cryan</strong>, 2005:<br />
Systematic Entomology<br />
Project: Cercopoidea<br />
Membracoidea<br />
Cicadoidea<br />
Cercopoidea<br />
!Large-scale phylogenetic investigation of neglected superfamily<br />
!Tests Tests of classification at multiple taxonomic levels<br />
!Biogeography & <strong>Biology</strong><br />
!NSF proposal in review<br />
!Proposed data set: 500 taxa / 5 genes<br />
!Preliminary data set: 178 taxa / 3 genes
!Preliminary Analysis:<br />
!Max. Parsimony<br />
!Strict consensus of<br />
>60K topologies!<br />
CER071<br />
Microsargane sp.<br />
Cosmoscarta sp.4<br />
Cosmoscarta sp.2<br />
CER119<br />
CER055<br />
Cosmoscarta sp.3<br />
CER053<br />
CER045<br />
CER054<br />
CER043<br />
Leptataspis discolor (?)<br />
CER049<br />
Leptataspis discolor (?)<br />
CER205<br />
CER259<br />
CER187<br />
CER194<br />
Laccogrypota praelata<br />
Baetkia maroniensis<br />
Homalogrypota coccinea<br />
CER257<br />
Maxantonia quadriguttata<br />
Maxantonia mylabroides<br />
Ocoaxo sp.<br />
Maxantonia diversa (?)<br />
Laccogrypota grandis (?)<br />
Ocoaxo (?) sp.<br />
Catrimania sp. nr. semivitrea<br />
Catrimania sp. nr. insignis<br />
CER174<br />
CER066<br />
CER070<br />
Iphirhina perfecta<br />
Tomaspis biolleyi<br />
Huaina inca<br />
Sphenorhina sp.<br />
CER157<br />
CER063<br />
Mahanarva costaricensis<br />
Sphenorhina proserpina<br />
Sphenorhina rubra<br />
CER067<br />
Prosapia bicincta<br />
CER058<br />
CER065<br />
Prosapia plagiata<br />
Aracumunia dimorpha<br />
Myers et al. 2000<br />
CER069<br />
Isozulia astralis<br />
CER064<br />
Aeneolamia albofasciata (?)<br />
CER146<br />
CER153<br />
CER168<br />
CER160<br />
Zulia vilior<br />
CER092<br />
Morph<br />
12S 16S 18S 28S EF-1! H3 Wg CO I-II<br />
Testing Classification<br />
I. Family Level<br />
!5 described families<br />
Machaerotidae<br />
Clastopteridae<br />
Epipygidae<br />
Combined Data Set<br />
Aphrophoridae<br />
Cercopidae<br />
Machaerotidae<br />
Clastopteridae<br />
Epipygidae<br />
Aphrophoridae<br />
Cercopidae<br />
18S+28S+H3<br />
Strict consensus<br />
of >60,000 ept
Testing Classification<br />
II. Subfamily Level<br />
!Existing Classification<br />
Carvalho & Webb, 2005<br />
Hindolinae<br />
Machaerotinae<br />
Clastopterinae<br />
Epipyginae<br />
Aphrophorinae<br />
Specimen Imaging:<br />
Joseph Richards<br />
Cercopinae<br />
Ischnorhininae<br />
Lab Work:<br />
Julie Urban<br />
Holly Collette<br />
Cassidy D’Aloia<br />
Kristy Kadash<br />
Tae Hyun Lee<br />
Justin Lehet<br />
Yukiko Oba<br />
Ruth Reyes<br />
Dan Sokac<br />
Tamara Sanford<br />
Meghan Mattison<br />
Joseph Richards<br />
Specimen Donation:<br />
Charles Bartlett<br />
Christopher Dietrich Vinton Thompson<br />
Chris Simon Thierry Bourgoin<br />
Michael Whiting Keiji Morishima<br />
Michael Wilson Lois O’Brien<br />
Funding:<br />
National Science Foundation<br />
(DEB-0342538 & DEB-0529679)<br />
New York State Museum<br />
Examining Testing Classification<br />
Biogeography<br />
Old World<br />
New World<br />
New World<br />
New World<br />
Old + New World<br />
Old + New World<br />
Old + New World<br />
Old World<br />
Old World<br />
New World<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
Taiwan<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
Rwanda<br />
Taiwan<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Rwanda<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
India<br />
Borneo<br />
Borneo<br />
USA<br />
Finland<br />
USA<br />
Portugal<br />
Russia<br />
USA<br />
Portugal<br />
Russia<br />
Poland<br />
Greece<br />
Spain<br />
Finland<br />
Lebanon<br />
Russia<br />
Finland<br />
Portugal<br />
Russia<br />
Russia<br />
Greece<br />
Germany<br />
Germany<br />
Thailand<br />
India<br />
Russia<br />
India<br />
Madagascar<br />
Madagascar<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
Australia<br />
PNG<br />
Borneo<br />
Zambia<br />
Australia<br />
Zambia<br />
Thailand<br />
Thailand<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
Ghana<br />
Taiwan<br />
India<br />
Madagascar<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
Ghana<br />
Zambia<br />
Zambia<br />
India<br />
India<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
India<br />
China<br />
China<br />
Borneo<br />
India<br />
Borneo<br />
Taiwan<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
PNG<br />
Costa Rica<br />
PNG<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
French Guiana<br />
Peru<br />
French Guiana<br />
Peru<br />
French Guiana<br />
Bolivia<br />
French Guiana<br />
Peru<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
French Guiana<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Bolivia<br />
Peru<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Bolivia<br />
Bolivia<br />
Costa Rica<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru Colombia<br />
Bolivia<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Peru<br />
Peru<br />
Argentina<br />
Colombia<br />
Costa Rica<br />
Costa Rica<br />
USA<br />
Australia<br />
Japan<br />
Japan<br />
Japan<br />
Japan<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
USA<br />
Costa Rica<br />
USA<br />
Zambia<br />
Taiwan<br />
Australia<br />
Australia<br />
Australia<br />
Australia<br />
Australia<br />
Uganda<br />
North America<br />
Central America<br />
Africa<br />
PNG<br />
Africa<br />
East Asia<br />
Africa<br />
PNG<br />
Central America<br />
South America
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