gamocdili maswavlebeli
gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli
Tavi 5 maCvenebeli maRali unda iyos (Stallings 1980). saSualo skolis maswavlebelTa kvleviT dasturdeba, rom CarTulobis saSualo maCvenebeli 73 procentia. moswavleebTan (gansakuTrebiT dabali moswrebis moswavleebTan) interaqciis ufro dabali maCveneblis mqone maswavlebel- Ta klasebi miRwevis mniSvnelovnad mcire zrdiT (an aranairi zrdiT) gamoirCeoda. es asea maSinac ki, Tu moswavleebi drois umetes nawils davalebis Sesrulebas axmaren. sTolingsi (1980) xsnis, rom: 72 moswavleebi asruleben davalebas, magram maswavlebeli ar aswavlis. im klasebSi, sadac ar iyo zrda, moswavleebi drois 28%-s weriTi davalebebis SesrulebisTvis iyenebdnen, 22%-s _ Cumad kiTxvisTvis, xolo maswavlebeli menejmentis sakiTxebs drois 27%-ze mets axmarda. dabolos, moswavleebs warmatebis maRali maCvenebeli CarTulobis drois mxolod nawilSi aqvT. am dros literaturaSi `akademiuri swavlis dro~ (ratom ar SeiZleba `didi warmatebis dro~ vuwodoT?) da rogorc aqamde, misi xangrZlivoba, klasebis mixedviT varirebs _ magaliTad, ZiriTadi unarebis wvrTnaze saSualod dabali moswrebis klasebSi dReSi 16, xolo saSualod maRali moswrebis klasSi dReSi 111 wuTamde. sxvaTa Soris, saSualod maRali da dabali moswavleTa SesaZleblobis doneze ar miuTiTebs. is ukavSirdeba maswavleblis mier moswavleebisaTvis akademiuri swavlebisTvis gamoyofili drois daaxloebiT swavlisTvis meti drois `gamonaxvis~ unars. 25 procenti, uciloblad menejmentis amocanebsa saSualoze maRali donis maswavleblebi `sada moswavleTa yuradRebis mobilizacias xmardeba. Sualo klasebisaTvis orjer da kidev ufro met dros akademiur swavlaze, xolo dabali moswrebis klasebisaTvis eqvsjer da kidev ufro met dros~ uzrunvelyofen (Caldwell da sxvebi, 1982). es gamaognebeli cifrebi gvaiZulebs yuradRebiT davakvirdeT, rogor iyeneben moswavleebi saskolo dros, radgan maRali warmatebis dro da miRweva mWidro korelaciaSia da monacemebi gviCvenebs, rom maswavleblebs, romlebic TavianTi drois gamoyenebas swavloben, mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi SeaqvT moswavleTa ukeT swavlaSi (Stallings 1980). Cven xuT mexuTe klasSi moswavleTa drois gamoyenebas vikvlevdiT engelisagan (Engel 1977) adaptirebuli teqnikiT. is klass xuTwuTiani intervalebiT akvirdeboda da yovel moswavleze Canawers akeTebda. CanawerSi aRniSnuli iyo, ras akeTebda moswavle da amasTanave yuradRebisa da CarTulobis ra maCvenebli hqonda. am monacemebiT yoveli moswavlisaTvis feradi Zeluri grafiki gakeTda, sadac ferebi aRniSnavda dRis ganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva saswavlo aqtivobebze daxarjul dros. ferad Zelze Savi jvari uyuradRebobisa da CaurTvelobis xarisxs aRniSnavda. yvela Zelis gaerTianebam erT grafikze, maswavlebels arsebiTi monacemebi misca rogorc calkeul moswavleze, ise mTeli klasis modelze. erT-erTi maswavlebeli drois did nawils uTmobda klasis menejments _ furclebis darigebas, dagegmvas, gakveTilidan gakveTilze gadasvlisTvis mzadebas, meores moswavleTa CarTulobis dabali done hqonda mcire jgufebSi _ wynari, mokrZalebuli, magram mudmivi da muSaobisTvis xelis SemSleli _ usagno saubrebis gamo hqonda. mesamem aRmoaCina, rom misi moswavleebi sakmaod xSirad iyvnen CarTuli individualur davalebebsa da proeqtebSi da dRis ganmavlobaSi mxolod 5 wuTiT iRebdnen maswavleblis pirdapir instruqciebs. yvela maswavlebelma monacem- Ta naxvis Semdeg garkveuli cvlilebebi Seitana efeqtianobis gazrdis TvalsazrisiT. es cvlilebebi moicavda tempisadmi met yuradRebas, sivrcis axleburad mowyobas, instruqtirebis drois axleburad dagegmvas da moswavleTa qcevisadmi maTi molodinebis garkvevas.A imis Tqma gvsurs, rom maswavleblebma manamde ver SeZles realobis danaxva, vidre calkeuli moswavleebisa da mTeli klasis Sesaxeb obieqturi monacemebis pirispir ar aRmoCndnen. monacemebis saSualebiT maT efeqtianobis amaRlebas miaRwies. akademiuri swavlis dro da interaqtiur instruqtirebaze moswavleTa mier daxarjuli dro SeiZleba yvelasTvis naTeli iyos, magram sakuTari klasis Sesaxeb konkretuli monacemebi axali prioritetebis aRmoCenis saSualebas mogvcems.
lainhardti da sxvebi (Leinhardt da sxvebi 1981) aseT komentars akeTeben: `maswavleblebi fxizlad unda iyvnen warumatebeli bavSvebis mimarT. maSin, roca davalebaSi CaurTvelad gatarebuli drois saSualo maCvenebeli 15% iyo, zogierTi moswavlisaTvis is 30%-s aRemateboda. maSin, roca maswavleblis mier instruqtirebis (kiTxvaSi) saSualo dro dReSi 16 wuTi iyo, imave klasis farglebSi is dReSi 14-dan 35 wuTamde meryeobda. maSin, roca Cumad kiTxvaSi gatarebuli saSualo dro dReSi 14 wuTi iyo, zogierTi moswavle arc erTi wuTi ar kiTxulobda Cumad. sabednierod, maswavleblebs SeuZliaT mniSvnelovnad Secvalon warumatebel moswavleTa gamocdileba da saqmianoba ise, rom ucvleli datovon yvelaferi warmatebulebisTvis~. Tumca, pirvel yovlisa, maswavlebelma unda gaigos, vin arian es moswavleebi da rogor ikargeba dro. swavlis dro benjamin blumis (Benjamin Bloom) naSromma `ostaturi swavla~ Cveni codnis baza drois Sesaxeb kidev erTi mniSvnelovani koncefciiT _ swavlis droiT _ gaamdidra. am koncefciis mixedviT, moswavleebs SeuZliaT iswavlon nebismieri ram, Tu maT codnisa da unar-Cvevebis Sesabamisi wina piroba da swavlisTvis adekvaturi dro aqvT. swavlisTvis adekvaturi dro rodi niSnavs maTTvis masalis micemas da lodins, sanam aiTviseben; es niSnavs axali masalis analizs, zust mimdinare Sefasebas da konkretuli Temebis ganmeorebiT swavlebas im moswavleebisTvis, visac sWirdeba da ara mxolod maTTvis. `ostaturi swavlis~ mixedviT, dro moswavleebTan erTad pasuxs maswavlebelsac sTxovs. cudi swavlisTvis mxolod moswavleebs ver davadanaSaulebT. Cven unda SevamowmoT saku- Tari mizandasaxuloba da davrwmundeT, rom moswavleebs axali masalis Sesatyvis `porciebs~ vTavazobT; magaliTad, ar unda avuxsnaT saxelmZRvanelos meore Tavi, Tu pirveli Tavi jer ar amouwuravT. `ostaturi swavla~ instruqciis individualizebis formaa, magram individualizeba aq ufro mets niSnavs, vidre sakuTar temps, vidre programuli masalis gavlas. es niSnavs porciebad dayofili instruqciis naTel da gasageb Tanamimdevrobas da am porciebis miwodebis gzebis arCevans. pirvel yovlisa ki niSnavs moswavleTa codnis monitorings da ostatobis kriteriumis miRwevamde ardanebebas. dabolos, es niSnavs xelaxali swavlebis dagegmvasa 1 da imavdroulad Temis gavrcobisaken mimarTul aqtivobebs im moswavleebisaTvis, romlebic pirvel jerze `Caswvdnen~. amgvari `ormagi wre’’ menejmentisa da dagegmvis sirTuleebs asaxavs, romelic mZime Sromaa ramdenime movlenis erTdoeulad marTvas miuCveveli maswavleblisaTvis. es swavlebis parametrTa urTierTdamokidebulebis kargi magaliTicaa. swavlis drois mokle mimoxilvam migvabruna tempis, sivrcis, miznebis, saswavlo gamocdilebisa da saklaso oTaxis klimatis parametrebTan. instruqtirebis dro mecnierTAa sakvlevi kidev erTi sferoa is, Tu ra raodenobis interaqtiur instruqtirebas iReben moswavleebi, rac gulisxmobs maswavlebelTan erTad masalaze muSaobisas aqtiurad gatarebul dros da ara damoukideblad muSaobas, weriT davalebebs an Cumad kiTxvas. interaqtiur instruqtirebasTan dakavSirebiT kvlevam gviCvena, rom 1 xelaxali swavlebis sistemisa da misi (rogorc faseuli movlenisa da ara romelime moswavlis siClungis dada sturebis) saWiroebis Sesaxeb detaluri msjeloba ix. me-13 TavSi.) dro 73
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- Page 61: sivrce - Sejameba aRniSneT is debul
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- Page 100 and 101: 100 19. aRmovaCine, rom es teqnika
- Page 102 and 103: 102 dafaze. me aseve vakrav lanCis
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- Page 121 and 122: disciplina Watson 1978), kooperaciu
Tavi 5<br />
maCvenebeli maRali unda iyos (Stallings 1980). saSualo skolis maswavlebelTa kvleviT dasturdeba,<br />
rom CarTulobis saSualo maCvenebeli 73 procentia. moswavleebTan (gansakuTrebiT<br />
dabali moswrebis moswavleebTan) interaqciis ufro dabali maCveneblis mqone maswavlebel-<br />
Ta klasebi miRwevis mniSvnelovnad mcire zrdiT (an aranairi zrdiT) gamoirCeoda. es asea<br />
maSinac ki, Tu moswavleebi drois umetes nawils davalebis Sesrulebas axmaren. sTolingsi<br />
(1980) xsnis, rom:<br />
72<br />
moswavleebi asruleben davalebas, magram <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> ar aswavlis. im klasebSi,<br />
sadac ar iyo zrda, moswavleebi drois 28%-s weriTi davalebebis SesrulebisTvis<br />
iyenebdnen, 22%-s _ Cumad kiTxvisTvis, xolo <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> menejmentis<br />
sakiTxebs drois 27%-ze mets axmarda.<br />
dabolos, moswavleebs warmatebis maRali maCvenebeli CarTulobis drois mxolod<br />
nawilSi aqvT. am dros literaturaSi `akademiuri swavlis dro~ (ratom ar SeiZleba `didi<br />
warmatebis dro~ vuwodoT?) da rogorc aqamde, misi xangrZlivoba, klasebis mixedviT varirebs<br />
_ magaliTad, ZiriTadi unarebis wvrTnaze saSualod dabali moswrebis klasebSi dReSi<br />
16, xolo saSualod maRali moswrebis klasSi dReSi 111 wuTamde. sxvaTa Soris, saSualod<br />
maRali da dabali moswavleTa SesaZleblobis doneze ar miuTiTebs. is ukavSirdeba maswavleblis<br />
mier moswavleebisaTvis akademiuri<br />
swavlebisTvis gamoyofili drois daaxloebiT swavlisTvis meti drois `gamonaxvis~ unars.<br />
25 procenti, uciloblad menejmentis amocanebsa saSualoze maRali donis maswavleblebi `sada<br />
moswavleTa yuradRebis mobilizacias xmardeba.<br />
Sualo klasebisaTvis orjer da kidev ufro<br />
met dros akademiur swavlaze, xolo dabali<br />
moswrebis klasebisaTvis eqvsjer da kidev ufro met dros~ uzrunvelyofen (Caldwell da sxvebi,<br />
1982). es gamaognebeli cifrebi gvaiZulebs yuradRebiT davakvirdeT, rogor iyeneben<br />
moswavleebi saskolo dros, radgan maRali warmatebis dro da miRweva mWidro korelaciaSia<br />
da monacemebi gviCvenebs, rom maswavleblebs, romlebic TavianTi drois gamoyenebas swavloben,<br />
mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi SeaqvT moswavleTa ukeT swavlaSi (Stallings 1980).<br />
Cven xuT mexuTe klasSi moswavleTa drois gamoyenebas vikvlevdiT engelisagan (Engel<br />
1977) adaptirebuli teqnikiT. is klass xuTwuTiani intervalebiT akvirdeboda da yovel moswavleze<br />
Canawers akeTebda. CanawerSi aRniSnuli iyo, ras akeTebda moswavle da amasTanave<br />
yuradRebisa da CarTulobis ra maCvenebli hqonda. am monacemebiT yoveli moswavlisaTvis<br />
feradi Zeluri grafiki gakeTda, sadac ferebi aRniSnavda dRis ganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva saswavlo<br />
aqtivobebze daxarjul dros. ferad Zelze Savi jvari uyuradRebobisa da CaurTvelobis<br />
xarisxs aRniSnavda. yvela Zelis gaerTianebam erT grafikze, maswavlebels arsebiTi<br />
monacemebi misca rogorc calkeul moswavleze, ise mTeli klasis modelze. erT-erTi <strong>maswavlebeli</strong><br />
drois did nawils uTmobda klasis menejments _ furclebis darigebas, dagegmvas,<br />
gakveTilidan gakveTilze gadasvlisTvis mzadebas, meores moswavleTa CarTulobis dabali<br />
done hqonda mcire jgufebSi _ wynari, mokrZalebuli, magram mudmivi da muSaobisTvis xelis<br />
SemSleli _ usagno saubrebis gamo hqonda. mesamem aRmoaCina, rom misi moswavleebi sakmaod<br />
xSirad iyvnen CarTuli individualur davalebebsa da proeqtebSi da dRis ganmavlobaSi mxolod<br />
5 wuTiT iRebdnen maswavleblis pirdapir instruqciebs. yvela maswavlebelma monacem-<br />
Ta naxvis Semdeg garkveuli cvlilebebi Seitana efeqtianobis gazrdis TvalsazrisiT. es cvlilebebi<br />
moicavda tempisadmi met yuradRebas, sivrcis axleburad mowyobas, instruqtirebis<br />
drois axleburad dagegmvas da moswavleTa qcevisadmi maTi molodinebis garkvevas.A imis Tqma<br />
gvsurs, rom maswavleblebma manamde ver SeZles realobis danaxva, vidre calkeuli moswavleebisa<br />
da mTeli klasis Sesaxeb obieqturi monacemebis pirispir ar aRmoCndnen. monacemebis<br />
saSualebiT maT efeqtianobis amaRlebas miaRwies. akademiuri swavlis dro da interaqtiur<br />
instruqtirebaze moswavleTa mier daxarjuli dro SeiZleba yvelasTvis naTeli iyos, magram<br />
sakuTari klasis Sesaxeb konkretuli monacemebi axali prioritetebis aRmoCenis saSualebas<br />
mogvcems.
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