gamocdili maswavlebeli
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gamocdili maswavlebeli

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Cveni azriT, am siis pirveli sami maxasiaTebeli gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania.<br />

Sefaseba<br />

am TavSi ukve ganvixileT warmatebuli Sefasebis sistemis sami aucilebeli elementi: (1)<br />

swavlis mniSvnelovani da kargad gaazrebuli miznebi, (2) kargad Sesrulebuli saqmianobis<br />

naTeli kriteriumebi, (3) kriteriumebis Sesatyvisi avTentikuri amocanebi. aseve ganvixileT<br />

maswavleblebis mier kriteriumebis Seqmnisa da maTi rubrikebis saSualebiT gamoxatvis procesebi.<br />

ganvixileT procesi, romlis drosac maswavleblebi amuSaveben rubrikebs Sefasebis<br />

mizniT da uzrunvelyofen ukukavSirs moswavlis namuSevarTa nimuSebis Seswavlis safuZvelze.<br />

droa, gadavideT meoTxe elementze – moswavlis TviTSefasebaze.<br />

moswavlis CarTuloba TviTSefasebaSi, kolaboraciul<br />

kritikasa da miznebis dasaxvaSi<br />

Sefasebis aqti swavlis aqtic unda iyos; es imas niSnavs, rom moswavleebi mudmivad unda<br />

iyvnen CarTulebi TviTSefasebaSi da sakuTari Zalisxmevis mimarTulebis SecvlaSi. amas<br />

safuZvlad unda daedos maT mier sakuTari namuSevrebis ganxilva, TanatolebTan da maswavleblebTan<br />

damyarebuli ukukavSiri. Sefaseba rom swavlis aqtic gaxdes, saWiroa moswavlem<br />

TviTSefaseba SeZlos, sakuTari naSromi kriteriumebis mixedviT Seafasos. amisTvis man<br />

aucileblad unda icodes kriteriumebi, Secdomisa da misi gamosworebis gzebis moZebna,<br />

fiqri imaze, rac Seasrula da ukeT Sesrulebis gzebis dasaxva. amgvari samomavlo qmedebebis<br />

gansazRvra moswavlisagan formalur mizanTa dasaxvas moiTxovs, rac imas niSnavs, rom <strong>maswavlebeli</strong><br />

moswavleebs uSualod aswavlis miznis dasaxvis teqnikasac. es teqnika ki moswavleebs<br />

miznebis da maswavleblisa da TviTSefasebis Sedegad miRebuli ukukavSiris integraciis<br />

saSualebas aZlevs.<br />

Savelsoni da misi kolegebi (Shavelson 1992)<br />

miuTiTeben `swavlebasa da testirebas Soris<br />

arsebul simetriaze. es imas niSnavs, rom kargi<br />

Sefaseba imavdroulad swavlebis sasargeblo<br />

aqtivobacaa, xolo kargad swavlebis aqtivoba, Tavis mxriv, karg Sefasebas uzrunvelyofs~.<br />

mravali gamorCeuli moazrovne (magaliTad, Wolf gamouqveynebeli naSromi, 1992; Zessoules<br />

and Gardner 1991) am ideis 1 mxardasaWerad iyenebs frazas _ `Sefaseba, rogorc swavlis momenti~.<br />

am debulebis miRma arsebuli Sexedulebis mixedviT Secdoma swavlis SesaZleblobaa da ara uunarobis<br />

dasturi. swavla procesia, droTa ganmavlobaSi codnisa da unarebis myari akumulireba<br />

da ara movlena. Sesabamisad, miRweva xangrZlivi progresis kontinuumia da Sefaseba gvexmareba<br />

am kontinuumSi moswavlis adgilis gansazRvraSi da ara Rirsebis an sisxartis SkaliT SefasebaSi.<br />

Sefaseba moswavles codnis gzaze mogzaurobaSi sakuTari adgilsamyofelis, samomavlo gegmebis<br />

gansazRvraSi exmareba da ara imis dadgenaSi, kargi moswavlea Tu ara. swored es mosazrebebi dgas<br />

`Sefaseba, rogorc swavlis momenti~ Sexedulebis ukan da isini asaxulia Semdeg debulebebSi:<br />

Sefasebis aqti swavlis aqtic unda iyos.<br />

`iSviaTad Tu aRniSnaven imas, rom testebi arasakmaris informacias gvaZlevs swavlis<br />

Sesaxeb. moswavlis saqmianobis nimuSis Sesaxeb monacemTa nakrebi Sefasebis meorexarisxovan<br />

miznebs ufro metad emsaxureba vidre ZiriTads – moswavleebi da maswavleblebi<br />

namuSevris xarisxis windaxeduli kritikosebi gaxados. . .…moswavleebs iS-<br />

1 sxvebi miiCneven, rom Sefaseba swavlis SesaZleblobaa, radgan, rodesac moswavle saintereso da rTuli<br />

davalebis Sesrulebisas manamde uxilav urTierTkavSirebs amCnevs. swavla moswavlesa da davalebas Soris an<br />

moswavleebs Soris interaqciis funqcias iZens da es imitom xdeba rom <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> moswavleTa azrovnebis<br />

aqtiuri Suamavalia (Baron 1989, gv. 315).<br />

437

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