gamocdili maswavlebeli
gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli
Tavi 15 402 ¤ maswavlebeli `davasaxeloT samoqalaqo omis progresuli Sedegebi~. (CamonaTvali iqneba produqti.) ¤ moswavle nebismier SemoqmedebiTs an gamomsaxvelobiTs aqtivobas (naxati, Txzuleba) moswavleze gadaaqvs pasuxismgebloba, Tu ra saxis produqti Seiqmneba. ¤ SeTanxmeba `rogor warmovadginoT gamokiTxvis monacemebi?~ maswavlebeli da moswavleebi Tanxmdebian formaze. SesaZloa, airCion Zeluri grafikis saxiT warmodgena. Sesabamisoba swavlis efeqtianoba aris erT-erTi mizezi, ris gamoc maswavlebeli sxvadasxvagvarad unda miudges moswavleebs (ix. Colarusso 1972). SesaZloa, jimma damoukideblad moaxerxos Catarebuli cdidan monacemebis amokrefa, freds ki maswavleblis detaluri ganmarteba dasWirdes, rom cda misTvis maqsimalurad Sedegiani aRmoCndes. erT jgufs, SesaZloa, damoukideblad SeeZlos wasakiTxi masalis SerCeva, meores ki daxmareba dasWirdes (Sinaarsi). Tu maswavleblis mizani moswavleTa damoukideblobisa da TviTmotivaciis gazrdaa, igi TandaTan unda gadavides meti dakonkretebidan nakleb dakonkretebaze. aseT SemTxvevaSi, man moswavleebs unda SeurCios dakonkretebis is done, romelic mizanSewonili iqneba maTi efeqtiani SedegisTvis. arsebobs situacia, romelic met dakonkretebas moiTxovs da, am Sem- TxvevaSi, maswavlebelma dro da energia ar unda daiSuros. TandaTanobiT unda Seecados, rom zog sakiTxze moswavleebTan erTad (garkveul nawilTan mainc) miiRos gadawyvetileba. vTqvaT, procedurebze an namuSevris dasrulebis pirobebze. saswavlo wlis ganmavlobaSi ufro da ufro meti moswavle CaerTveba gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi da maTi damoukideblobis xarisxi gaizrdeba. Cveni azriT, etapobrivi dakonkretebis (da pasuxismgeblobis) sakiTxis gageba dagvexmareba, gaverkveT im sakmaod damabnevel CanawerebSi, romlebic, 1960-1970-iani wlebis e. w. Ria gakveTilebs asaxavs. masSi Cans, rom maswavlebeli gansazRvravda dakonkretebis donis moswavleebTan Sesabamisobas. moswavles ar avalebda konkretuli amocanis Sesasruleblad damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebas, Tu is amisTvis mzad ar iyo. zogjer mTeli klasi erTnair etapobriv dakonkretebas saWiroebs, zogjer ki aucilebelia am procesis moswavleTa Sesabamisad diferencireba (Berlak da sxvebi 1975). devid hantisa (David Hunt) da misi kolegebis mier Catarebuli kvlevebis Semdeg (1966), swavleba gacilebiT efeqtiani gaxda, radgan praqtikaSi damkvidrda moswavleebisTvis pasuxismgeblobis delegireba maTi ganviTarebis donis Sesabamisad. Uuamravi xerxi arsebobs imis gasarkvevad, Tu ra doziT Careva sWirdeba moswavles (Hunt 1971; Hunt and Sullivan 1974; Rich and Bush 1978). Cvens mier ganxiluli etapobrivi konkretulobis SesaZlo variantebi – maswavleblis mxridan, moswavlis mxridan, SeTanxmebis Sedegad – Seesatyviseba hantis mier gamoyofil meti, naklebi da zomieri konkretulobis doneebs. ganmartebani dajgufeba da interpersonaluri sirTule moswavle SeiZleba muSaobdes damoukideblad, TanaklaselTan, TanaklaselTa jgufTan, mTel klasTan, mxolod maswavlebelTan erTad, sxva zrdasrul adamianebTan erTad (stumar-
swavlis gamocdileba Tan, mSobelTan), anda maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT patara jgufTan erTad. saswavlo kursis manZilze SeiZleba moxdes zemoCamoTvlili eqvsi kombinaciidan erTi an meti variantis gamoyeneba. sxvadasxva saswavlo procesi SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvar dajgufebas saWiroebdes. mniSvneloba maswavleblis mier swavlebis procesSi Seqmnili jgufebis Taviseburebani saswavlo gegmidan gamomdinareobs. ra saxis jgufis Seqmnaa mizanSewonili saswavlo miznis misaRwevad? ramdenad Tanxvdenilia ganzraxva da realoba? jgufebis kombinaciebze saubrisas, gvainteresebs jgufis rogorc raodenobrivi, ise Tvisebrivi mxare. sainteresoa, jgufis wevrebs Soris interaqciis formac. Tu jgufi 6 moswavlisgan da maswavleblisgan Sedgeba da moswavleebi maswavleblis SekiTxvebs pasuxoben, maSin moswavleTa Soris aranairi kavSiri ar myardeba da Zalze susti interaqcia arsebobs maswavlebelTan, radgan moswavleTa pasuxebi mxolod faqtobriv informacias Seicavs. am SemTxvevaSi personaluri urTierTkavSiris done dabalia. Tu amave jgufs maswavlebeli SesTavazebs, rom TanaklaselTa pasuxebi ganavrcon, ganmarton an gaabaTilon, moswavleebi erTmaneTTan uSualo saubars daiwyeben, xolo maswavlebeli situaciis daregulirebasa da mediatoris funqciis Sesrulebas Seecdeba. Sesabamisad, personaluri urTierTkavSiri aRar iqneba susti da ufro zomier xasiaTs SeiZens. xolo Tu moswavleebi sruliad Tavisuflad esaubrebian erTmaneTs, dialogis formatsa da CarCoebs Tavad aweseben da samoqmedo gegmasac damoukideblad adgenen, maSin personaluri urTierTkavSiri maRali xarisxisaa. Tu saswavlo gegmis mizani socialuri xasiaTisaa, magaliTad, TanamSromloba, erTmaneTis mosmena, urTierTpativiscema, maSin SeiZleba moswavleTa jgufebi, wyvilebi Tu sxva saxis kombinaciebi maswavleblis Caurevladac Seiqmnas. saswavlo gegmis nebismieri Temis ganxilvisas personaluri urTierTkavSiris simWidrove da am urTierTobiT miRebuli Sedegi sa- Sualebas gvaZlevs davinaxoT, ras eniWeba mniSvneloba konkretul saswavlo procesSi. personaluri urTierTkavSiri saswavlo procesis Semadgeneli nawilia da maswavlebelma mas saswavlo miznebidan da moswavleTa saWiroebebidan gamomdinare unda misces mimarTuleba. Sesabamisoba personaluri interaqciis dros maswavlebelma jgufebi moswavleTa individualur TaviseburebaTa gaTvaliswinebiT unda Seqmnas (Colarusso 1972). jimi did jgufSi kargad muSaobs, patara jgufSi ki Cumad aris da Tanaklaselebs eTiSeba. rogorc Cans, mas mxolod ramdenime moswavlesTan erTad SeuZlia efeqtiani muSaoba. is mxolod maT aZlevs saSualebas, rom daexmaron da mxolod maTTan (erT jerze mxolod erTTan) SeuZlia TanamSromloba. amitom maswavlebeli SeZlebisdagvarad xSirad qmnis misTvis xelsayrel kombinacias: maswavlebelijimi da Tanaklaseli-jimi (Tumca, imavdroulad, maswavlebeli cdilobs, mas jgufSi muSaobasTan dakavSirebuli sirTuleebi daaZlevinos). es gaxlavT maswavleblis mier moswavlis individualuri xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT personaluri interaqciis dagegmvis magaliTi. zogjer Tavisebureba mTel klass axasiaTebs. magaliTad, zogierT klasSi did jgufebad muSaoba SeuZlebelia. aseT SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebelma individualuri da mcire jgufebSi Sesasrulebeli samuSaoebi didi raodenobiT unda dagegmos. mis jeimsi amCnevs, rom jgufSi personaluri interaqcia ver xerxdeba. moswavleebs aqvT mosazrebebis urTierTgaziarebis problema, erTmaneTs msjelobas ar aclian. amitom is amcirebs personaluri urTierTkavSiris simWidrovis xarisxs da zrdis sakuTar, rogorc Suamav- 403
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swavlis gamocdileba<br />
Tan, mSobelTan), anda maswavleblis xelmZRvanelobiT patara jgufTan erTad. saswavlo kursis<br />
manZilze SeiZleba moxdes zemoCamoTvlili eqvsi kombinaciidan erTi an meti variantis<br />
gamoyeneba. sxvadasxva saswavlo procesi SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvar dajgufebas saWiroebdes.<br />
mniSvneloba<br />
maswavleblis mier swavlebis procesSi Seqmnili jgufebis Taviseburebani saswavlo gegmidan<br />
gamomdinareobs. ra saxis jgufis Seqmnaa mizanSewonili saswavlo miznis misaRwevad? ramdenad<br />
Tanxvdenilia ganzraxva da realoba? jgufebis kombinaciebze saubrisas, gvainteresebs<br />
jgufis rogorc raodenobrivi, ise Tvisebrivi mxare. sainteresoa, jgufis wevrebs Soris<br />
interaqciis formac. Tu jgufi 6 moswavlisgan da maswavleblisgan Sedgeba da moswavleebi<br />
maswavleblis SekiTxvebs pasuxoben, maSin moswavleTa Soris aranairi kavSiri ar myardeba da<br />
Zalze susti interaqcia arsebobs maswavlebelTan, radgan moswavleTa pasuxebi mxolod faqtobriv<br />
informacias Seicavs. am SemTxvevaSi personaluri urTierTkavSiris done dabalia.<br />
Tu amave jgufs <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> SesTavazebs, rom TanaklaselTa pasuxebi ganavrcon, ganmarton<br />
an gaabaTilon, moswavleebi erTmaneTTan uSualo saubars daiwyeben, xolo <strong>maswavlebeli</strong><br />
situaciis daregulirebasa da mediatoris funqciis Sesrulebas Seecdeba. Sesabamisad,<br />
personaluri urTierTkavSiri aRar iqneba susti da ufro zomier xasiaTs SeiZens. xolo Tu<br />
moswavleebi sruliad Tavisuflad esaubrebian erTmaneTs, dialogis formatsa da CarCoebs<br />
Tavad aweseben da samoqmedo gegmasac damoukideblad adgenen, maSin personaluri urTierTkavSiri<br />
maRali xarisxisaa.<br />
Tu saswavlo gegmis mizani socialuri xasiaTisaa, magaliTad, TanamSromloba, erTmaneTis<br />
mosmena, urTierTpativiscema, maSin SeiZleba moswavleTa jgufebi, wyvilebi Tu sxva saxis<br />
kombinaciebi maswavleblis Caurevladac Seiqmnas. saswavlo gegmis nebismieri Temis ganxilvisas<br />
personaluri urTierTkavSiris simWidrove da am urTierTobiT miRebuli Sedegi sa-<br />
Sualebas gvaZlevs davinaxoT, ras eniWeba mniSvneloba konkretul saswavlo procesSi. personaluri<br />
urTierTkavSiri saswavlo procesis Semadgeneli nawilia da maswavlebelma mas<br />
saswavlo miznebidan da moswavleTa saWiroebebidan gamomdinare unda misces mimarTuleba.<br />
Sesabamisoba<br />
personaluri interaqciis dros maswavlebelma jgufebi moswavleTa individualur TaviseburebaTa<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT unda Seqmnas (Colarusso 1972). jimi did jgufSi kargad muSaobs,<br />
patara jgufSi ki Cumad aris da Tanaklaselebs eTiSeba. rogorc Cans, mas mxolod ramdenime<br />
moswavlesTan erTad SeuZlia efeqtiani muSaoba. is mxolod maT aZlevs saSualebas, rom<br />
daexmaron da mxolod maTTan (erT jerze mxolod erTTan) SeuZlia TanamSromloba. amitom<br />
<strong>maswavlebeli</strong> SeZlebisdagvarad xSirad qmnis misTvis xelsayrel kombinacias: <strong>maswavlebeli</strong>jimi<br />
da Tanaklaseli-jimi (Tumca, imavdroulad, <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> cdilobs, mas jgufSi muSaobasTan<br />
dakavSirebuli sirTuleebi daaZlevinos). es gaxlavT maswavleblis mier moswavlis<br />
individualuri xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT personaluri interaqciis dagegmvis magaliTi.<br />
zogjer Tavisebureba mTel klass axasiaTebs. magaliTad, zogierT klasSi did jgufebad<br />
muSaoba SeuZlebelia. aseT SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebelma individualuri da mcire jgufebSi<br />
Sesasrulebeli samuSaoebi didi raodenobiT unda dagegmos.<br />
mis jeimsi amCnevs, rom jgufSi personaluri interaqcia ver xerxdeba. moswavleebs aqvT<br />
mosazrebebis urTierTgaziarebis problema, erTmaneTs msjelobas ar aclian. amitom is amcirebs<br />
personaluri urTierTkavSiris simWidrovis xarisxs da zrdis sakuTar, rogorc Suamav-<br />
403
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