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gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli

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Tavi 13 gamocanebSi klass avaleben, wamoayenon braldeba mxolod maSin, Tu yvela monawile eTanxmeba mas. mcdari braldebis SemTxvevaSi, maswavlebeli ar eubneba swor pasuxs da sTxovs miubrundnen jgufur muSaobas da samxilis xelaxla ganxilvas. miuxedavad imisa, amoicnoben Tu ara moswavleebi damnaSave mxares, aqtivoba 20 wuTis Semdeg sruldeba da klasi ubrundeba igive davalebas meore dRes. moswavleTa mier am aqtivobis safuZvelze warmatebuli jgufuri muSaoba da individualuri socialuri Tu davalebis amoxsnis unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibeba maT yoveldRiur qcevaze sasikeTod ver aisaxeba (ar moxdeba transferi), Tu maswavlebeli gamiznulad ar dagegmavs amgvar transfers. socialuri unar-Cvevebis warmatebuli swavleba moiTxovs (1) unar-Cvevis saxeldebas, (2) cxovrebaSi am unar-Cvevis sargeblianobis Sesaxeb warmodgenis Seqmnas, (3) mis modelirebas, (4) moswavleTa mier am unar-CvevaSi varjiSs da (5) Sesrulebuli samuSaos Taobaze moswavleTaTvis pirdapiri ukukavSiris uzrunvelyofas. maswavleblisgan miRebuli ukukavSiris garda, moswavleTa mier jgufSi funqcionirebis sakuTari donis gaazreba (gaaanalizon da moaxdinon TviTSefaseba) korelaciaSia unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebasa da akademiur miRwevebTan (Yager da sxvebi 1986.) socialuri Cvevebis detaluri swavleba, Sedegebis xSiri Sejameba da damuSaveba moswavleebs uyalibebs molodinebs am unar-Cvevebis klasSi gamoyenebis Taobaze. arasaskolo garemoze transferi moxdeba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT me-9 TavSi _ `swavleba transferisaTvis~ _ swavlis principebis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebs. 334 konfliqtis mogvareba klasSi (an skolaSi) jansaRi sazogadoebis ganviTarebis bolo safexuria misi wevrebisaTvis sakuTari konfliqtebis mogvarebis unaris Camoyalibeba. es moicavs imis aRiarebas, rom konfliqti Cveulebrivi ram aris da rom uTanxmoeba (romelic igive ar aris, rac konfliqti) namdvilad sasargebloa swavlisTvis. konfliqti ganisazRvreba rogorc situacia, romelSic ori adamianis moTxovnilebebi erTmaneTs ewinaaRmdegeba da mimdinare qceva an moqmedeba mimarTulia imaze, rom erTma gaimarjvos meoris xarjze. konfliqtis mogvareba niSnavs orive mxarisTvis misaRebi gadawyvetilebis povnas an orive mxaris mier kompromiss. konfliqtis mogvarebis modelTa umravlesobas msgavsi safexurebi aqvs da msgavs unar- Cvevebs aviTarebs. magaliTad, tomas gordonis (Thomas Gordon 1974) modeli moicavs aqtiuri mosmenis unar-Cvevebs da `me~-Setyobinebas _ arsebiT sakomunikacio unarebs, romelic adamianebs konfliqtis mogvarebis klasikur safexurebs aswavlis. qvemoT CamoTvlili programaTa umravlesobaSi sxvadasxva saxiT gvxvdeba: 1. gaacnobiere sakuTari brazi, damSviddi da Tavi xelSi aiyvane. am safexurze zogi programa relaqsacias an sakuTar Tavze orientirebul Sesvenebis teqnikas aswavlis. 2. gansazRvre namdvili problema. jonsoni da jonsoni (Johnson and Johnson 1995, gv. 5-6) meore safexurs sasargeblo komponentebad anawevreben: y erTdroulad gansazRvre problema, rogorc mcire da specifikuri. y gansazRvre, ra unda TiToeul adamians. y gansazRvre, ras grZnobs TiToeuli adamiani. y gacvale mxareTa mizezebi da logikuri dasabuTeba. y Secvale rakursi. am safexurs garkveuli dro sWirdeba. bevri modeli mxars uWers im mosazrebas, rom

saklaso garemo saWiroa moswavleebma sakuTari moTxovnilebebis gansazRvra iswavlon da ara mxolod maT- Tvis sasurveli moqmedebiT an gadawyvetilebiT saubari. am SemTxvevaSi xSirad saWiroa kiTxvebis gansazRvra, dasma da aqtiuri mosmena. swored amitom erTveba xSirad procesSi neitraluri Suamavali. 1. gansazRvre dadebiTi mizani. pozitiurad Camoayalibe sasurveli Sedegi, magaliTad: `Cven orives gveqneba sakmarisi dro kompiuterTan samuSaod~. 2. moifiqreT problemis mogvarebis ramdenime varianti. am safexurze moswavleebs xSirad gonebrivi ieriSis teqnikas aswavlian. 3. SeafaseT problemis mogvarebis gzebi da airCieT erT-erTi sacdelad. 4. SeimuSaveT gegma. xSirad mxolod gadaWris gzis arCeva (mag., `sadilis Semdeg kompiuterTan muSaobis dros Suaze gaviyofT~) ar kmara. saWiroa specifikuri gegma, romelic gansazRvravs vin ras, rodis da sad gaakeTebs. SesaZlebelia, saWiro gaxdes gegmis werilobiTi SeTanxmeba. 5. SeafaseT gegma, raTa SeamowmoT, orive mxare icavs Tu ara sakuTar valdebulebebs, ramdenad kargia gegma da sWirdeba Tu ara Sesworeba. (am safexurebis Sesaxeb detaluri informaciisaTvis ix. Johnson and Johnson 1995, gv. 5:1-5:30.) Cven darwmunebulni varT, rom jonsoni da jonsoni (1995) marTlebi arian: Suamavloba yvela moswavles unda vaswavloT da ara mxolod zogierTs. swored mediatoris rolSi swavloben da iTaviseben moswavleebi konfliqtis mogvarebis unar-Cvevebs. mxolod am SemTxveva- Si SeZleben isini konfliqtis dros am unar-CvevaTa damoukideblad gamoyenebas. imis Tqma gvsurs, rom Suamavlobis swavleba yvela moswavlisTvis konfliqtis efeqtiani mogvarebis unar-CvevaTa swavlebis da yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi misi transferis yvelaze mZlavri modelia. socialur problemaTa mogvarebis Taobaze Sexvedrebi, romelic uiliam glasers (William Glasser 1969) aqvs aRwerili Tavis wignSi `skola marcxis gareSe~, idealuri saSualebaa am safexurebisa da maTi Sesabamisi unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebisTvis. saklaso klimatis Sesaxeb Catarebul kvlevaSi, romlis mizani klimatis cvladebis – genderisa da rasis _ gansxvavebuli efeqtebis Seswavla iyo, dengma (Deng 1992) aRmoaCina, rom, erTi mxriv, SavkanianTa, laTinoamerikelTa da TeTrkanianTa da, meore mxriv, biWebsa da gogonebs Soris miRwevebi maTematikis Seswavlisas mkveTrad gansxvavebuli iyo klasSi susti sazogadoebisa da maRali daZabulobis pirobebSi. es aRmoCena xazs usvams imas, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs saklaso sazogadoebas, rogorc cvlads imisaTvis, rom gogonebma maTematikaSi, xolo feradkanianma moswavleebma (integrirebuli klasebSi) TiTqmis yvela saganSi miaRwion warmatebas. riskis gaweva da Tavdajerebuloba saklaso sazogadoebis Camoyalibebidan riskis gawevaze saubris gagrZelebisas, vikvlevT, risi gakeTeba SeuZlia maswavlebels Tavdajerebulobis xelSewyobisa da usafrTxo garemos Camoyalibebis mizniT. saklaso klimatis am aspeqtis xuTi done iseve calsaxad ganmaviTarebeli ar gaxlavT, rogorc es saklaso sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis SemTxvevaSi iyo, radgan aq yoveli done Sexeduleba ufroa, vidre nabijTa nakrebi. Cveni azriT, klasSi inteleqtualuri riskis gawevis safuZvelia Secdomebis arsisa da maTi mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb Sinagani 335

Tavi 13<br />

gamocanebSi klass avaleben, wamoayenon braldeba mxolod maSin, Tu yvela monawile eTanxmeba<br />

mas. mcdari braldebis SemTxvevaSi, <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> ar eubneba swor pasuxs da sTxovs miubrundnen<br />

jgufur muSaobas da samxilis xelaxla ganxilvas. miuxedavad imisa, amoicnoben<br />

Tu ara moswavleebi damnaSave mxares, aqtivoba 20 wuTis Semdeg sruldeba da klasi ubrundeba<br />

igive davalebas meore dRes.<br />

moswavleTa mier am aqtivobis safuZvelze warmatebuli jgufuri muSaoba da individualuri<br />

socialuri Tu davalebis amoxsnis unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibeba maT yoveldRiur qcevaze<br />

sasikeTod ver aisaxeba (ar moxdeba transferi), Tu <strong>maswavlebeli</strong> gamiznulad ar dagegmavs<br />

amgvar transfers. socialuri unar-Cvevebis warmatebuli swavleba moiTxovs (1) unar-Cvevis<br />

saxeldebas, (2) cxovrebaSi am unar-Cvevis sargeblianobis Sesaxeb warmodgenis Seqmnas, (3)<br />

mis modelirebas, (4) moswavleTa mier am unar-CvevaSi varjiSs da (5) Sesrulebuli samuSaos<br />

Taobaze moswavleTaTvis pirdapiri ukukavSiris uzrunvelyofas. maswavleblisgan miRebuli<br />

ukukavSiris garda, moswavleTa mier jgufSi funqcionirebis sakuTari donis gaazreba<br />

(gaaanalizon da moaxdinon TviTSefaseba) korelaciaSia unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebasa da akademiur<br />

miRwevebTan (Yager da sxvebi 1986.) socialuri Cvevebis detaluri swavleba, Sedegebis<br />

xSiri Sejameba da damuSaveba moswavleebs uyalibebs molodinebs am unar-Cvevebis klasSi gamoyenebis<br />

Taobaze. arasaskolo garemoze transferi moxdeba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT me-9 TavSi<br />

_ `swavleba transferisaTvis~ _ swavlis principebis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebs.<br />

334<br />

konfliqtis mogvareba<br />

klasSi (an skolaSi) jansaRi sazogadoebis ganviTarebis bolo safexuria misi wevrebisaTvis<br />

sakuTari konfliqtebis mogvarebis unaris Camoyalibeba. es moicavs imis aRiarebas, rom<br />

konfliqti Cveulebrivi ram aris da rom uTanxmoeba (romelic igive ar aris, rac konfliqti)<br />

namdvilad sasargebloa swavlisTvis.<br />

konfliqti ganisazRvreba rogorc situacia, romelSic ori adamianis moTxovnilebebi<br />

erTmaneTs ewinaaRmdegeba da mimdinare qceva an moqmedeba mimarTulia imaze, rom erTma<br />

gaimarjvos meoris xarjze. konfliqtis mogvareba niSnavs orive mxarisTvis misaRebi gadawyvetilebis<br />

povnas an orive mxaris mier kompromiss.<br />

konfliqtis mogvarebis modelTa umravlesobas msgavsi safexurebi aqvs da msgavs unar-<br />

Cvevebs aviTarebs. magaliTad, tomas gordonis (Thomas Gordon 1974) modeli moicavs aqtiuri<br />

mosmenis unar-Cvevebs da `me~-Setyobinebas _ arsebiT sakomunikacio unarebs, romelic adamianebs<br />

konfliqtis mogvarebis klasikur safexurebs aswavlis.<br />

qvemoT CamoTvlili programaTa umravlesobaSi sxvadasxva saxiT gvxvdeba:<br />

1. gaacnobiere sakuTari brazi, damSviddi da Tavi xelSi aiyvane. am safexurze zogi<br />

programa relaqsacias an sakuTar Tavze orientirebul Sesvenebis teqnikas aswavlis.<br />

2. gansazRvre namdvili problema. jonsoni da jonsoni (Johnson and Johnson 1995, gv. 5-6)<br />

meore safexurs sasargeblo komponentebad anawevreben:<br />

y erTdroulad gansazRvre problema, rogorc mcire da specifikuri.<br />

y gansazRvre, ra unda TiToeul adamians.<br />

y gansazRvre, ras grZnobs TiToeuli adamiani.<br />

y gacvale mxareTa mizezebi da logikuri dasabuTeba.<br />

y Secvale rakursi.<br />

am safexurs garkveuli dro sWirdeba. bevri modeli mxars uWers im mosazrebas, rom

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