gamocdili maswavlebeli
gamocdili maswavlebeli gamocdili maswavlebeli
Tavi 13 328 moswavleTa miRwevebis xelSemwyobi garemo sazogadoeba da urTierTTanadgoma `me vgrZnob, rom aq mimiRes da wevri var. adamianebi Cems mxareze arian. me SemiZlia, davexmaro sxvebs, xolo sxvebi me damexmarebian~. CarTuloba da wevroba sxvaTa gacnoba misalmeba, aRiareba, mosmena, reagireba da dadastureba jgufis identoba, pasuxismgebloba da urTierTda- mokidebuleba. kooperaciuli swavleba, socialuri unar-Cvevebi, saklaso Sexvedrebi, jgufebis dinamika. problemebisa gadaWra da konfliqtebis mogvareba. Tavdajerebuloba da gariskva `gariskva usafrTxoa. Tu vecdebi, Secdomebze viswavli da movindomeb, SemiZlia warmatebas mivaRwio~. moswavleTa xuTi Sexeduleba, romelic xels uwyobs an uSlis swavlas Secdomebi swavlaSi gvexmareba. Tqvengan ar moelian, rom pirvelive jerze yvelafers CaswvdebiT. mniSvnelovania yuradReba, mondomeba da xarisxi. Kkargi moswavleebi iTxoven daxmarebas da ukukavSirs Sesrulebuli samuSaos mimarT. Zalisxmeva da efeqtiani strategiebi warmatebis ZiriTadi pirobaa. nebismier moswavles SeuZlia warmatebis miRweva da ara mxolod yvelaze swrafs. Secdomebi sisustis niSania. mniSvnelovania tempi. ufro swrafi ufro gonieria. karg moswavleebs sakuTari ZalebiT SeuZliaT yvelafris mogvareba. Tandayolili inteleqti warmatebis ZiriTadi pirobaa. mxolod gamorCeul erTeulebs SeuZliaT warmatebis miRweva. sqema 13.1 saklaso klimatis sami ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli gavlena da kontroli `garkveuli gavlenis moxdena SemiZlia. sityva meTqmis. Cemi azri mniSvnelovania~. pirovnuli efeqtianoba moswavleebs mivceT ufleba gavlena moaxdinon klasis tempze . saklaso TamaSis wesebze SeTanxmeba. moswavleTaTvis swavlis principebisa da sxva strategiebis swavleba. moswavleebi iyeneben swavlis stilisa da arCevanis gakeTebis Sesaxeb codnas. moswavleebi da maTi sazogadoeba warmoadgens codnis wyaros. yoveli maxasiaTebeli SesaZlebelia ganviTarebis calkeul stadiebad daiyos.
1. sxvaTa gacnoba: `me vicnob am adamianebs da isini micnoben me~. saklaso garemo 2. misalmeba, aRiareba, mosmena, reagireba da dadastureba: `me vgrZnob, rom mimiRes da wevri var; adamianebi pativs mcemen da me pativs vcem maT~. 3. jgufis identuroba, pasuxismgebloba da urTierTdamokidebuleba: `me am jgufis wevri var. Cven erTmaneTi gvWirdeba da gvsurs erTmaneTisTvis warmateba~. 4. kooperaciuli swavla, socialuri unar-Cvevebi, jgufis Sekrebebi da jgufis dinamika: `me SemiZlia davexmaro sxvebs da isini me damexmarebian~. 5. problemaTa gadaWra da konfliqtis mogvareba: `Cven SegviZlia urTierTobis dros warmoqmnili problemebis mogvareba ~. amgvari Tbili da megobruli urTierTobebi arc SemTxveviT da arc TavisTavad ar yalibdeba. maswavlebels didi wvlili Seaqvs klasSi gamefebuli CarTulobisa da megobruli klimatis simtkicesa da struqturaSi (Cabello and Terrell 1993): es gaxlavT calkeul moswavleebTan maTi verbaluri urTierTobis modelebi, moswavleTa konfliqtebis mogvarebis gzebi, TanamSromlobis struqturebi, romlebsac isini acnoben moswavleebs da socialuri unar- Cvevebis swavleba. sxvaTa gacnoba ufrosi klasebis inglisuri enis maswavlebelma jin stenfordma (Gene Stanford), 1977 wels gamocemul wignSi `efeqtiani jgufebis ganviTareba klasSi~, saklaso klimatis es maxasiaTebeli ganmarta, rogorc ganviTarebis kontiniumi. igi mixvda, rom jgufis wevrad yofnis sazogadoebis mSeneblobaSi Cadebuli es safuZveli iyo jgufis wevrebis Sesaxeb in- mokrZalebuli investiciebi grZelvadian peformaciis qona. amis gamo saswavlo wlis dawriodSi zrdis davalebis Sesrulebisa da masze yebidan pirveli ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi daxarjuli drois efeqtianobas. igi regularulad atarebda klasSi gacnobis mokle aqtivobebs (gacnobis ocdaerTi aqtivoba mis wignSia mocemuli). is maswavleblebi, romlebic yovel kvira ramdenime wuTs uTmobdnen am aqtivobebs, ar uCiodnen saswavlo programiT gaTvaliswinebuli saqmianobebisaTvis drois naklebobas. sazogadoebis mSeneblobaSi Cadebuli es mokrZalebuli investiciebi grZelvadian periodSi zrdis davalebis Sesrulebisa da masze daxarjuli drois efeqtianobas. (igive SeiZleba iTqvas am maxasiaTebelSi sazogadoebis mSeneblobis sxva doneebzec.). dRes aTobiT wignia xelmisawvdomi, romlebic gvTavazoben gacnobis SesaniSnav aqtivobebs (Stanford 1977; Shaw 1992; Seigle and Macklem 1993; Bennett and Smilanich 1994). wignSi `bingo adamianebi~ (People Bingo) an mis versiaSi `moZebneT pirovneba vinc~ moswavleebi cdiloben miniSnebis saSualebiT gamoicnon jgufis wevris vinaoba, magaliTad: `weliwadi gaatara safrangeTSi”. yovelma moswavlem unda moZebnos is klaseli, romelmac safrangeTSi erTi weli gaatara. zogierTi aqtivoba ufro grZelia, magaliTad partniorTa struqturirebuli interviu. intervius Semdeg masze dayrdnobiT yoveli partniori Tavis mewyviles acnobs mTel klass an mcire jgufs. Cveni erT-erTi yvelaze ufro sayvareli aqtivobaa artefaqtebis CanTa. es aqtivoba erTnairad popularulia mozrdilTa jgufebSic da mexuTeklaselebSic. monawileebs moaqvT Can- Tebi, romelSic awyvia maTi cxovrebis an interesebis amsaxveli nivTebi. erT-erTi monawile 329
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Tavi 13<br />
328<br />
moswavleTa miRwevebis xelSemwyobi garemo<br />
sazogadoeba da<br />
urTierTTanadgoma<br />
`me vgrZnob, rom aq mimiRes da wevri<br />
var. adamianebi Cems mxareze arian.<br />
me SemiZlia, davexmaro sxvebs, xolo<br />
sxvebi me damexmarebian~.<br />
CarTuloba da<br />
wevroba<br />
sxvaTa<br />
gacnoba<br />
misalmeba, aRiareba,<br />
mosmena, reagireba da<br />
dadastureba<br />
jgufis identoba,<br />
pasuxismgebloba da<br />
urTierTda-<br />
mokidebuleba.<br />
kooperaciuli<br />
swavleba, socialuri<br />
unar-Cvevebi, saklaso<br />
Sexvedrebi, jgufebis<br />
dinamika.<br />
problemebisa gadaWra<br />
da konfliqtebis<br />
mogvareba.<br />
Tavdajerebuloba<br />
da gariskva<br />
`gariskva usafrTxoa. Tu vecdebi,<br />
Secdomebze viswavli da movindomeb,<br />
SemiZlia warmatebas mivaRwio~.<br />
moswavleTa xuTi Sexeduleba, romelic<br />
xels uwyobs an uSlis swavlas<br />
Secdomebi swavlaSi<br />
gvexmareba.<br />
Tqvengan ar moelian,<br />
rom pirvelive jerze<br />
yvelafers CaswvdebiT.<br />
mniSvnelovania<br />
yuradReba, mondomeba da<br />
xarisxi.<br />
Kkargi moswavleebi<br />
iTxoven daxmarebas<br />
da ukukavSirs<br />
Sesrulebuli samuSaos<br />
mimarT.<br />
Zalisxmeva da efeqtiani<br />
strategiebi warmatebis<br />
ZiriTadi pirobaa.<br />
nebismier moswavles<br />
SeuZlia warmatebis<br />
miRweva da ara mxolod<br />
yvelaze swrafs.<br />
Secdomebi sisustis<br />
niSania.<br />
mniSvnelovania<br />
tempi. ufro swrafi<br />
ufro gonieria.<br />
karg moswavleebs<br />
sakuTari ZalebiT<br />
SeuZliaT<br />
yvelafris<br />
mogvareba.<br />
Tandayolili<br />
inteleqti<br />
warmatebis<br />
ZiriTadi pirobaa.<br />
mxolod gamorCeul<br />
erTeulebs<br />
SeuZliaT<br />
warmatebis miRweva.<br />
sqema 13.1 saklaso klimatis sami ZiriTadi maxasiaTebeli<br />
gavlena<br />
da kontroli<br />
`garkveuli gavlenis moxdena<br />
SemiZlia. sityva meTqmis. Cemi<br />
azri mniSvnelovania~.<br />
pirovnuli<br />
efeqtianoba<br />
moswavleebs mivceT<br />
ufleba gavlena<br />
moaxdinon klasis<br />
tempze .<br />
saklaso TamaSis<br />
wesebze SeTanxmeba.<br />
moswavleTaTvis<br />
swavlis principebisa<br />
da sxva strategiebis<br />
swavleba.<br />
moswavleebi iyeneben<br />
swavlis stilisa da<br />
arCevanis gakeTebis<br />
Sesaxeb codnas.<br />
moswavleebi da<br />
maTi sazogadoeba<br />
warmoadgens codnis<br />
wyaros.<br />
yoveli maxasiaTebeli SesaZlebelia ganviTarebis calkeul stadiebad daiyos.
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